FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Guisinger, NP Santos, TS Guest, JR Chien, TY Bhattacharya, A Freeland, JW Bode, M AF Guisinger, Nathan P. Santos, Tiffany S. Guest, Jeffrey R. Chien, Te-Yu Bhattacharya, Anand Freeland, John W. Bode, Matthias TI Nanometer-Scale Striped Surface Terminations on Fractured SrTiO3 Surfaces SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE SrTiO3; scanning tunneling microscopy; cross section; surface termination ID OXIDES; HETEROSTRUCTURES; RECONSTRUCTIONS; MICROSCOPY; INTERFACES; TRANSITION; CHEMISTRY AB Using cross-sectional scanning tunneling microscopy on in situ fractured SrTiO3, one of the most commonly used substrates for the growth of complex oxide thin films and superlattices, atomically smooth terraces have been observed on (001) surfaces. Furthermore, it was discovered that fracturing this material at room temperature results in the formation of stripe patterned domains having characteristic widths (similar to 10 to similar to 20 nm) of alternating surface terminations that extend over a long range. Spatial characterization utilizing spectroscopy techniques revealed a strong contrast in the electronic structure of the two domains. Combining these results with topographic data, we are able to assign both TiO2 and SrO terminations to their respective domains. The results of this experiment reveal that fracturing this material leads to reproducibly flat surfaces that can be characterized at the atomic-scale and suggest that this technique can be utilized for the study of technologically relevant complex oxide interfaces. C1 [Guisinger, Nathan P.; Santos, Tiffany S.; Guest, Jeffrey R.; Chien, Te-Yu; Bhattacharya, Anand; Freeland, John W.; Bode, Matthias] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Guisinger, NP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM nguisinger@anl.gov RI Bhattacharya, Anand/G-1645-2011; Guest, Jeffrey/B-2715-2009; Bode, Matthias/S-3249-2016 OI Bhattacharya, Anand/0000-0002-6839-6860; Guest, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9756-8801; Bode, Matthias/0000-0001-7514-5560 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 30 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 IS 12 BP 4132 EP 4136 DI 10.1021/nn901086x PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 533ST UT WOS:000272846000050 PM 20025304 ER PT J AU Urzhumtsev, A Afonine, PV Adams, PD AF Urzhumtsev, Alexandre Afonine, Pavel V. Adams, Paul D. TI On the use of logarithmic scales for analysis of diffraction data SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID LEAST-SQUARES REFINEMENT; HUMAN ALDOSE REDUCTASE; FREE R-VALUE; CROSS-VALIDATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; ELECTRON-DENSITY; EXPECTED VALUES; RESOLUTION; PROTEINS; ANGSTROM AB Predictions of the possible model parameterization and of the values of model characteristics such as R factors are important for macromolecular refinement and validation protocols. One of the key parameters defining these and other values is the resolution of the experimentally measured diffraction data. The higher the resolution, the larger the number of diffraction data N(ref), the larger its ratio to the number N(at) of non-H atoms, the more parameters per atom can be used for modelling and the more precise and detailed a model can be obtained. The ratio N(ref)/N(at) was calculated for models deposited in the Protein Data Bank as a function of the resolution at which the structures were reported. The most frequent values for this distribution depend essentially linearly on resolution when the latter is expressed on a uniform logarithmic scale. This defines simple analytic formulae for the typical Matthews coefficient and for the typically allowed number of parameters per atom for crystals diffracting to a given resolution. This simple dependence makes it possible in many cases to estimate the expected resolution of the experimental data for a crystal with a given Matthews coefficient. When expressed using the same logarithmic scale, the most frequent values for R and R(free) factors and for their difference are also essentially linear across a large resolution range. The minimal R-factor values are practically constant at resolutions better than 3 angstrom, below which they begin to grow sharply. This simple dependence on the resolution allows the prediction of expected R-factor values for unknown structures and may be used to guide model refinement and validation. C1 [Urzhumtsev, Alexandre] IGBMC, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, F-67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France. [Urzhumtsev, Alexandre] Univ Nancy, Dept Phys, Fac Sci & Technol, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Afonine, Pavel V.; Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Urzhumtsev, A (reprint author), IGBMC, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, 1 Rue Laurent Fries,BP 10142, F-67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France. EM sacha@igbmc.fr RI Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU NIH/NIGMS [1P01 GM063210]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX PDA would like to thank NIH/NIGMS for generous support of the PHENIX project (1P01 GM063210). This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 65 BP 1283 EP 1291 DI 10.1107/S0907444909039638 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 521HX UT WOS:000271912500006 PM 19966414 ER PT J AU Lee, S Lee, JY Ha, SC Jung, J Shin, DH Kim, KH Choi, IG AF Lee, Saeyoung Lee, Jonas Yun Ha, Sung Chul Jung, Jina Shin, Dong Hae Kim, Kyoung Heon Choi, In-Geol TI Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of neoagarobiose hydrolase from Saccharophagus degradans 2-40 SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-NEOAGAROOLIGOSACCHARIDE HYDROLASE; PURIFICATION; AGAR AB Many agarolytic bacteria degrade agar polysaccharide into the disaccharide unit neoagarobiose [O-3,6-anhydro-alpha-l-galactopyranosyl-(1 -> 3)-D-galactose] using various beta-agarases. Neoagarobiose hydrolase is an enzyme that acts on the alpha-1,3 linkage in neoagarobiose to yield D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose. This activity is essential in both the metabolism of agar by agarolytic bacteria and the production of fermentable sugars from agar biomass for bioenergy production. Neoagarobiose hydrolase from the marine bacterium Saccharophagus degradans 2-40 was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and crystallized in the monoclinic space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 129.83, b = 76.81, c = 90.11 angstrom, beta = 101.86 degrees. The crystals diffracted to 1.98 angstrom resolution and possibly contains two molecules in the asymmetric unit. C1 [Lee, Saeyoung; Jung, Jina; Kim, Kyoung Heon; Choi, In-Geol] Korea Univ, Sch Life Sci & Biotechnol, Seoul 136713, South Korea. [Lee, Jonas Yun] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn 114 96, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Ha, Sung Chul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jung, Jina; Shin, Dong Hae] Ewha Womans Univ, Coll Pharm, Seoul, South Korea. RP Choi, IG (reprint author), Korea Univ, Sch Life Sci & Biotechnol, Seoul 136713, South Korea. EM igchoi@korea.ac.kr RI Kim, Kyoung Heon/F-1059-2013; Choi, In-Geol/F-3152-2013 OI Kim, Kyoung Heon/0000-0003-4600-8668; FU US Department of Energy [AC03-76SF00098] FX We are grateful to Professor Sung-Hou Kim for letting us use his facility for protein purification and crystallization, to Dr Jose Henrique Pereira for his help and advice in preparing this manuscript and to the staff of the Berkeley Center for Structural Biology for their help and advice. The Advance Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1744-3091 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 65 BP 1299 EP 1301 DI 10.1107/S174430910904603X PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 526FU UT WOS:000272273900024 PM 20054134 ER PT J AU Hughes, RC Tomanicek, SJ Ng, JD Coates, L AF Hughes, Ronny C. Tomanicek, Stephen J. Ng, Joseph D. Coates, Leighton TI Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of a thermostable endonuclease IV from Thermotoga maritima SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID DNA; GLYCOSYLASES; SOFTWARE; REPAIR; SITES AB The DNA-repair enzyme endonuclease IV from the thermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima MSB8 (reference sequence NC_000853) has been expressed in Escherichia coli and crystallized for X-ray analysis. T. maritima endonuclease IV is a 287-amino-acid protein with 32% sequence identity to E. coli endonuclease IV. The protein was purified to homogeneity and was crystallized using the sitting-drop vapor-diffusion method. The protein crystallized in space group P6(1), with one biological molecule in the asymmetric unit, corresponding to a Matthews coefficient of 2.39 angstrom(3) Da(-1) and 47% solvent content. The unit-cell parameters of the crystals were a = b = 123.2, c = 35.6 angstrom. Microseeding and further optimization yielded crystals with an X-ray diffraction limit of 2.36 angstrom. A single 70 degrees data set was collected and processed, resulting in an overall R(merge) and a completeness of 9.5% and 99.3%, respectively. C1 [Hughes, Ronny C.; Tomanicek, Stephen J.; Coates, Leighton] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hughes, Ronny C.; Ng, Joseph D.] Univ Alabama, Struct Biol Lab, Dept Biol Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. RP Coates, L (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM coatesl@ornl.gov OI Coates, Leighton/0000-0003-2342-049X FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-Eng-38]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research, US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was sponsored in part by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle LLC for the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Data were collected at Southeast Regional Collaborative Access Team (SER-CAT) 22-ID (or 22-BM) beamline at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. Supporting institutions may be found at http://www.ser-cat.org/members.html. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38. This research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Center for Structural Molecular Biology (CSMB) was supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research, using facilities supported by the US Department of Energy, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1744-3091 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 65 BP 1317 EP 1319 DI 10.1107/S1744309109047393 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 526FU UT WOS:000272273900029 PM 20054139 ER PT J AU Capolungo, L Marshall, PE McCabe, RJ Beyerlein, IJ Tome, CN AF Capolungo, L. Marshall, P. E. McCabe, R. J. Beyerlein, I. J. Tome, C. N. TI Nucleation and growth of twins in Zr: A statistical study SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Twinning; Statistics; Grain size; EBSD; Zirconium ID HCP METALS; GRAIN-SIZE; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT; CONSTITUTIVE LAW; ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS; TEMPERATURE; DISLOCATIONS; MODES; CRYSTALS AB An in-depth statistical analysis using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) is carried out to expose statistical correlations between (10 (1) over bar2) twinning and grain size, crystallographic orientation, grain boundary length, and neighbor misorientation in high-purity polycrystalline zirconium strained to 5% and 10% at 77 K. A strong correlation was found between the active twin variant and crystallographic orientation. The propensity of it grain to twin or not was found to be only weakly dependent on grain area and diameter. Within the population of grains containing twins the number of twins per grain noticeably increases with grain area, and twin thickness is found to be rather insensitive to grain size and orientation. A weak preference for twinning was found for smaller grain boundary misorientation angles. These and the other statistical results reported can improve theoretical treatments for twin nucleation in polycrystal models. The statistical methodology presented has general applicability for all twin types in a wide range of metals. (C) 2009 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Beyerlein, I. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Beyerlein, IJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM Irene@lanl.gov RI Zhang, Jing/B-1421-2012; Tome, Carlos/D-5058-2013; Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; OI McCabe, Rodney /0000-0002-6684-7410 FU US DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [FWP 06SCPE401, W-7405-ENG-36] FX The authors would like to acknowledge support from the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Project FWP 06SCPE401, under US DOE Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36. NR 39 TC 96 Z9 99 U1 5 U2 53 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 57 IS 20 BP 6047 EP 6056 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2009.08.030 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 523YU UT WOS:000272111800011 ER PT J AU Wilkes, TE Harder, BJ Almer, JD Faber, KT AF Wilkes, T. E. Harder, B. J. Almer, J. D. Faber, K. T. TI Load partitioning in honeycomb-like silicon carbide aluminum alloy composites SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Ceramic-metal composites; Silicon carbide; Aluminum alloy; X-ray diffraction; Synchrotron radiation ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; X-RAY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; ELASTIC BEHAVIOUR; WOOD; CEMENTITE; CERAMICS; STRAINS AB A 50/50 vol.% Al/SiC composite was made via melt infiltration of an aluminum alloy into a porous beech wood-derived SiC preform. The honeycomb-like composite microstructure consisted of an interconnected SiC phase surrounding discrete Al "fibers" aligned in the growth direction of the beech wood. High energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction was used to measure the volume averaged lattice strains in both the SiC and Al phases during in situ compressive loading up to an applied stress of -530 MPa. Load transfer from the Al to the SiC was observed, and the Al yielded at an applied stress of above -213 MPa. The elastic behavior of the composite was modeled with both an isostrain rule of mixtures calculation and variational bounds for the effective elastic modulus. Furthermore, calculations of the von Mises effective stress of the SiC and Al phases showed that the wood-derived SiC was a more effective reinforcement than either SiC particle- or whisker-rein forced composites. (C) 2009 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wilkes, T. E.; Harder, B. J.; Faber, K. T.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Almer, J. D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Faber, KT (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM k-faber@northwestern.edu RI Faber, Katherine/B-6741-2009 FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0710630]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors thank Dr. Marcus Young for many helpful discussions. Funding for this work was provided by National Science Foundation grant DMR-0710630 and by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 57 IS 20 BP 6234 EP 6242 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2009.08.050 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 523YU UT WOS:000272111800027 ER PT J AU Woicik, PA Stewart, SH Pihl, RO Conrod, PJ AF Woicik, Patricia A. Stewart, Sherry H. Pihl, Robert O. Conrod, Patricia J. TI The substance use risk profile scale: A scale measuring traits linked to reinforcement-specific substance use profiles SO ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS LA English DT Review DE Hopelessness; Anxiety sensitivity; Impulsivity; Sensation seeking; Alcohol; Drug abuse ID ALCOHOL-USE DISORDERS; ANXIETY SENSITIVITY; SENSATION SEEKING; DRINKING MOTIVES; PERSONALITY QUESTIONNAIRE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; FAMILY-HISTORY; 5-FACTOR MODEL; PANIC DISORDER; YOUNG-ADULTS AB The Substance Use Risk Profile Scale (SURPS) is based on a model of personality risk for substance abuse in which four personality dimensions (hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity, and sensation seeking) are hypothesized to differentially relate to specific patterns of substance use. The current series of studies is a preliminary exploration of the psychometric properties of the SURPS in two populations (undergraduate and high school students). In study 1, an analysis of the internal structure of two versions of the SURPS shows that the abbreviated version best reflects the 4-factor structure. Concurrent, discriminant, and incremental validity of the SURPS is supported by convergent/divergent relationships between the SURPS subscales and other theoretically relevant personality and drug use criterion measures. In Study 2, the factorial structure of the SURPS is confirmed and evidence is provided for its test-retest reliability and validity with respect to measuring personality vulnerability to reinforcement-specific substance use patterns. In Study 3, the SURPS was administered in a more youthful population to test its sensitivity in identifying younger problematic drinkers. The results from the current series of studies demonstrate support for the reliability and construct validity of the SURPS, and suggest that four personality dimensions may be linked to substance-related behavior through different reinforcement processes. This brief assessment tool may have important implications for clinicians and future research. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Woicik, Patricia A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Stewart, Sherry H.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Psychiat Psychol & Community Hlth & Epidemio, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Pihl, Robert O.] McGill Univ, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Conrod, Patricia J.] Univ London, Kings Coll London, Sect Addict, Dept Psychol Med & Psychiat, London, England. RP Woicik, PA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Neuropsychoimaging Grp, Bldg 490, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM pwoicik@bnl.gov; p.conrod@iop.kcl.ac.uk RI Stewart, Sherry /F-4088-2011 FU The State University of New York; Alcoholic Beverages Medical Research Foundation (ABMRF) FX This research was supported by The State University of New York at Stony Brook Research Foundation and the Alcoholic Beverages Medical Research Foundation (ABMRF). Special thanks are given to the many graduate and undergraduate students who contributed to this project, especially Robert Schlauch and Colleen Jacobs. NR 103 TC 137 Z9 137 U1 5 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4603 J9 ADDICT BEHAV JI Addict. Behav. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 34 IS 12 BP 1042 EP 1055 DI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.07.001 PG 14 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 502PN UT WOS:000270472500009 PM 19683400 ER PT J AU Pozdnyakova, I Bruno, G Efremov, AM Clausen, B Hughes, D AF Pozdnyakova, Irina Bruno, Giovanni Efremov, Alexander M. Clausen, Bjorn Hughes, Darren TI Stress-Dependent Elastic Properties of Porous Microcracked Ceramics SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MODULI; POROSITY AB Although ceramics are considered linear elastic materials, we have observed a non-linear pseudo-elastic behavior in porous cellular microcracked ceramics such as beta-eucryptite. This is attributed to the evolution of microstructure in these materials. This behavior is particularly different from that of non-microcracked ceramics such as silicon carbide. It is shown that in microcracked materials two processes, namely stiffening and softening, always compete when a compressive external load is applied. The first regime is attributed to microcrack closure, and the second to microcracks opening, i.e. to a damage introduced by the applied stress. On the other hand rather a continuous damage is observed in the non-microcracked case. A comparison has been done between the microscopic (as measured by neutron diffraction) and the macroscopic stress-strain response. Also, it has been found that at constant load a significant strain relaxation occurs, which has two timescales, possibly driven by the two phenomena quoted above. Indeed, no such relaxation is observed for non-microcracked SiC. Implications of these findings are discussed. C1 [Pozdnyakova, Irina] CEMHTI CNRS, F-45071 Orleans 02, France. [Bruno, Giovanni] Corning SAS, CETC, F-77210 Avon, France. [Efremov, Alexander M.] Corning OOO, CSC, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Clausen, Bjorn] LANL, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hughes, Darren] ILL, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. RP Pozdnyakova, I (reprint author), CEMHTI CNRS, 1D Av Rech Sci, F-45071 Orleans 02, France. EM brunog@corning.com RI Bruno, Giovanni/E-2817-2013; Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015 OI Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DOE) FX James E. Webb (Corning Inc., CS&S, SP, NY, USA) Thomas A. Sisneros and Donald W. Brown (LANL, NM, USA) where members of the experimental team and are acknowledgedfor their help and for useful advices and discussions. James E. Webb and Lisa Noui (Corning Inc. SP, NY, USA) provided and characterized the beta-eucryptite sample (MOR, Porosity, CTE, etc.- not reported), Thomas Glasson (Corning SAS, CETC, Avon, France) provided the SiC sample. This work has benefited from the use of the Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at LANSCE, which is funded by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DOE). Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract DE AC52 06NA25396. Beamtime on SALSA was kindly allocated by the ILL. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1438-1656 J9 ADV ENG MATER JI Adv. Eng. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 11 IS 12 BP 1023 EP 1029 DI 10.1002/adem.200900192 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 545WH UT WOS:000273767200010 ER PT J AU Harimkar, SP Kenik, EA Shim, S Dahotre, NB AF Harimkar, Sandip P. Kenik, Edward A. Shim, Sanghoon Dahotre, Narendra B. TI Faceted Surface Grain Morphology of Rapidly Solidified Alumina: Characterization and Potential Applications SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID GRINDING WHEEL MATERIAL; LASER; MICROSTRUCTURE; EVOLUTION; GROWTH AB The study reports on the formation of regular multi-faceted surface grains during laser surface modification of alumina ceramics. The formation of such faceted morphology of the grains can be strongly correlated with the formation of crystallographic texture. Such evolution of crystallographically-textured, multi-faceted grains opens up new avenues for laser surface modification, where regular three dimensional surface features are formed through solidification processing. C1 [Harimkar, Sandip P.] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Shim, Sanghoon; Dahotre, Narendra B.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kenik, Edward A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Harimkar, SP (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM ndahotre@utk.edu FU Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX Research at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory SHaRE User Facility was sponsored by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1438-1656 J9 ADV ENG MATER JI Adv. Eng. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 11 IS 12 BP 1030 EP 1033 DI 10.1002/adem.200900197 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 545WH UT WOS:000273767200011 ER PT J AU Pozzi, G Mihalia, V Foschia, F Penso, M Quici, S Fish, RH AF Pozzi, Gianluca Mihalia, Voichita Foschia, Francesca Penso, Michele Quici, Silvio Fish, Richard H. TI 3,5-Bis(n-perfluorooctyl)benzyltriethylammonium Bromide (F-TEBA): An Efficient, Easily Recoverable Fluorous Catalyst for Solid-Liquid PTC Reactions SO ADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE alkylation; amino acids; fluorous catalysis; onium salts; phase-transfer catalysis ID PHASE-TRANSFER CATALYSTS; HALIDE-SUBSTITUTION-REACTIONS; ALPHA-AMINO-ACIDS; IONIC TRANSFORMATIONS; MEDIA; ALKYLATION; ESTERS; SALTS AB A readily available 3,5-bis(perfluorooctyl)benzyl bromide and triethylamine were reacted under mild conditions to give 3,5-bis(n-perfluorooctyl)benzyltriethylammonium bromide (F-TEBA), an analogue of the versatile phase-transfer catalyst, benzyltriethylammonium chloride (TEBA), containing two fluorous ponytails. This perfluoroalkylated quaternary ammonium salt was successfully employed as a catalyst in a variety of reactions run under solid-liquid phase-transfer catalysis (SL-PTC) conditions. Thus, being both hydrophobic and lipo-phobic, F-TEBA could be quickly recovered in quantitative yields, and reused without loss of activity over several reaction cycles. C1 [Pozzi, Gianluca; Mihalia, Voichita; Foschia, Francesca; Penso, Michele; Quici, Silvio] CNR, Ist Sci & Tecnol Mol, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Fish, Richard H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pozzi, G (reprint author), CNR, Ist Sci & Tecnol Mol, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM gianluca.pozzi@istm.cnr.it RI Pozzi, Gianluca/G-1499-2011 OI Pozzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1469-9284 NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-4150 J9 ADV SYNTH CATAL JI Adv. Synth. Catal. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 351 IS 18 BP 3072 EP 3076 DI 10.1002/adsc.200900631 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 541DU UT WOS:000273394500007 ER PT J AU Kuo, YH Wong, KL Wong, JCF AF Kuo, Yong Hong Wong, Kawi-Lam Wong, Jeff Chak-Fu TI Investigation of Taylor-Gortler-like Vortices Using the Parallel Consistent Splitting Scheme SO ADVANCES IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Scientific Computing and Partial Differential Equations CY DEC 08-12, 2008 CL Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA HO Hong Kong Baptist Univ DE Mixed finite element; consistent splitting scheme; PICMSS ID LID-DRIVEN CAVITY; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; EDDY STRUCTURE AB Symmetric Taylor-Gortler-like vortices at Re=3200 and 5000 in 3D rectangular cavities with a moving top lid are studied numerically and tested with a spanwise aspect ratio of 1 : 1 : L, where L=1, 2, 3. Solutions are obtained by solving the momentum equations and the continuity equations using the consistent splitting scheme. The code presented here was ported to the Parallel Interoperable Computational Mechanics System Simulator (PICMSS). Stable solutions are obtained as limit cases of the transients. C1 [Kuo, Yong Hong; Wong, Kawi-Lam; Wong, Jeff Chak-Fu] Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kuo, Yong Hong; Wong, Kawi-Lam; Wong, Jeff Chak-Fu] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Math, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Wong, JCF (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Computat Sci, Bldg 5100,RM 209,Mail Stop 6013,Bethel Valley Rd,, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM yonghongkuo@gmail.com; wong@jics.utk.edu; jwong@math.cuhk.edu.hk OI Kuo, Yong-Hong/0000-0002-6170-324X NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU GLOBAL SCIENCE PRESS PI WANCHAI PA ROOM 3208, CENTRAL PLAZA, 18 HARBOUR RD, WANCHAI, HONG KONG 00000, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 2070-0733 J9 ADV APPL MATH MECH JI Adv. Appl. Math. Mech. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 1 IS 6 SI SI BP 799 EP 815 DI 10.4208/aamm.09-m09S05 PG 17 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA 709DC UT WOS:000286414800007 ER PT J AU Lu, C Han, WS Lee, SY McPherson, BJ Lichtner, PC AF Lu, Chuan Han, Weon Shik Lee, Si-Yong McPherson, Brian J. Lichtner, Peter C. TI Effects of density and mutual solubility of a CO2-brine system on CO2 storage in geological formations: "Warm" vs. "cold" formations SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE CO2 sequestration; Mutual solubility; Mixture density; Equal density temperature ID CH4-CO2-H2O SYSTEM; 1000-DEGREES-C; EQUATION; STATE; BAR AB The fluid properties of CO2 injected into geological formations for subsurface storage are strongly affected by the specific formation conditions of pressure, temperature and salinity. Specifically, these conditions affect fluid solubility and density; we investigate their effects on subsurface CO2 storage efficiency. We compared several common equations-of-state (EOS) and solubility models; their accuracy and applicability are briefly discussed. We also evaluated the effects of gaseous/supercritical CO2 phase density and mutual solubility, including H2O Solubility in CO2. Results suggest that disparities in phase density estimates by different EOS typically do not translate to large disparities in simulation results because of the low solubility of H2O in gaseous/supercritical CO2. However, more experimental studies on the solubility of H2O in CO2 are needed, especially at high pressures and temperatures. Simulation results also suggest that formations at higher temperatures are less efficient for CO2 storage than equivalent formations at lower temperatures. We evaluated aqueous-CO2 solution density at a broad range of pressure and temperature conditions using different equations-of-state. Results indicate that CO2-dissolution in brine at high temperatures (>120 degrees C) may reduce mass density to values lower than the original brine density, nullifying the primary advantage of the dissolution trapping mechanism. This concept, equal density temperature, is proposed here for the first time. In certain scenarios with temperatures greater than the equal density temperature, CO2 can exsolve (escape the aqueous phase) and be subject to buoyancy-driven migration (and potential escape from the formation) associated with separate phase CO2. Simulation results are very sensitive to the density models selected. Predictions of CO2-enriched brine migration using different models can yield contradictory results. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lu, Chuan; Han, Weon Shik; Lee, Si-Yong; McPherson, Brian J.] Univ Utah, Energy & Geosci Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Lichtner, Peter C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, EES 16, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP McPherson, BJ (reprint author), Univ Utah, Energy & Geosci Inst, 122 S Cent Campus Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM b.j.mcpherson@utah.edu; lichtner@lanl.gov NR 26 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 32 IS 12 BP 1685 EP 1702 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2009.07.008 PG 18 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 530BD UT WOS:000272563000001 ER PT J AU Valuckaite, V Zaborina, O Long, J Hauer-Jensen, M Wang, JR Holbrook, C Zaborin, A Drabik, K Katdare, M Mauceri, H Weichselbaum, R Firestone, MA Lee, KY Chang, EB Matthews, J Alverdy, JC AF Valuckaite, Vesta Zaborina, Olga Long, Jason Hauer-Jensen, Martin Wang, Junru Holbrook, Christopher Zaborin, Alexander Drabik, Kenneth Katdare, Mukta Mauceri, Helena Weichselbaum, Ralph Firestone, Millicent A. Lee, Ka Yee Chang, Eugene B. Matthews, Jeffrey Alverdy, John C. TI Oral PEG 15-20 protects the intestine against radiation: role of lipid rafts SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pseudomonas aeruginosa; gut-derived sepsis; apoptosis; radiation injury ID RAT SMALL-INTESTINE; GUT-DERIVED SEPSIS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; IONIZING-RADIATION; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; INJURY; IRRADIATION; MICE; CHOLESTEROL; ACTIVATION AB Valuckaite V, Zaborina O, Long J, Hauer-Jensen M, Wang J, Holbrook C, Zaborin A, Drabik K, Katdare M, Mauceri H, Weichselbaum R, Firestone MA, Lee KY, Chang EB, Matthews J, Alverdy JC. Oral PEG 15-20 protects the intestine against radiation: role of lipid rafts. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 297: G1041-G1052, 2009. First published October 15, 2009; doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00328.2009.-Intestinal injury following abdominal radiation therapy or accidental exposure remains a significant clinical problem that can result in varying degrees of mucosal destruction such as ulceration, vascular sclerosis, intestinal wall fibrosis, loss of barrier function, and even lethal gut-derived sepsis. We determined the ability of a high-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol-based copolymer, PEG 15-20, to protect the intestine against the early and late effects of radiation in mice and rats and to determine its mechanism of action by examining cultured rat intestinal epithelia. Rats were exposed to fractionated radiation in an established model of intestinal injury, whereby an intestinal segment is surgically placed into the scrotum and radiated daily. Radiation injury score was decreased in a dose-dependent manner in rats gavaged with 0.5 or 2.0 g/kg per day of PEG 15-20 (n = 9-13/group, P < 0.005). Complementary studies were performed in a novel mouse model of abdominal radiation followed by intestinal inoculation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), a common pathogen that causes lethal gut-derived sepsis following radiation. Mice mortality was decreased by 40% in mice drinking 1% PEG 15-20 (n = 10/group, P < 0.001). Parallel studies were performed in cultured rat intestinal epithelial cells treated with PEG 15-20 before radiation. Results demonstrated that PEG 15-20 prevented radiation-induced intestinal injury in rats, prevented apoptosis and lethal sepsis attributable to P. aeruginosa in mice, and protected cultured intestinal epithelial cells from apoptosis and microbial adherence and possible invasion. PEG 15-20 appeared to exert its protective effect via its binding to lipid rafts by preventing their coalescence, a hallmark feature in intestinal epithelial cells exposed to radiation. C1 [Alverdy, John C.] Univ Chicago, Pritzker Sch Med, Ctr Surg Infect Res, BIASE, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Valuckaite, Vesta; Zaborina, Olga; Long, Jason; Holbrook, Christopher; Zaborin, Alexander; Matthews, Jeffrey; Alverdy, John C.] Univ Chicago, Pritzker Sch Med, Dept Surg, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Drabik, Kenneth; Chang, Eugene B.] Univ Chicago, Pritzker Sch Med, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Katdare, Mukta; Mauceri, Helena; Weichselbaum, Ralph] Univ Chicago, Pritzker Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Lee, Ka Yee] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Inst Biophys Dynam, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Firestone, Millicent A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hauer-Jensen, Martin; Wang, Junru] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Hauer-Jensen, Martin; Wang, Junru] Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Surg Serv, Little Rock, AR USA. RP Alverdy, JC (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Pritzker Sch Med, Ctr Surg Infect Res, BIASE, 5841 S Maryland MC 6090, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM jalverdy@surgery.bsd.uchicago.edu FU NIH [RO1 GM62344-09]; DDRC [DK42086, R01 CA83719, R37 CA71382, U19 AI67798] FX This work was supported by NIH RO1 GM62344-09 (J. C. Alverdy), DDRC grant DK42086 (E. B. Chang), R01 CA83719 (M. Hauer-Jensen), R37 CA71382 (M. Hauer-Jensen), and U19 AI67798 (M. Hauer-Jensen). NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 297 IS 6 BP G1041 EP G1052 DI 10.1152/ajpgi.00328.2009 PG 12 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 524OF UT WOS:000272151900002 PM 19833862 ER PT J AU Wang, GF Park, HY Lipert, RJ AF Wang, Gufeng Park, Hye-Young Lipert, Robert J. TI Mixed Monolayers on Gold Nanoparticle Labels for Multiplexed Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Based Immunoassays SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID AVIUM SUBSP PARATUBERCULOSIS; COLLOIDAL SILVER PARTICLES; LARGE AG NANOCRYSTALS; SPECTROSCOPIC TAGS; IMMUNOGOLD LABELS; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; SERS; DNA; MOLECULES; IDENTIFICATION AB This paper describes a new approach, based on self-assembled mixed monolayers, to the design and preparation of extrinsic Raman labels (ERLs). ERLs function as spectroscopic tags for the readout of sandwich-type immunoassays using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). They are created by coating gold nanoparticles with Raman reporter molecules and antibodies specific for the target analyte. Mixed-monolayer ERLs are formed by coveting gold nanoparticles with a mixture of two different thiolates. One thiolate serves to covalently bind antibodies to the particles, imparting biospecificity to the ERLs, while the other thiolate produces a strong Raman signal. Mixed-monolayer ERLs can be prepared in a few relatively simple steps using readily available materials. The SERS intensity of each type of ERL can be tuned to match other ERLs by adjusting the mixed monolayer composition, greatly facilitating the generation of sets of ERLs for multiplexed applications. The work herein not only describes the new pathway for ERL production, but also demonstrates the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative multiplexed detection using a set of four mixed-monolayer ERLs. C1 [Lipert, Robert J.] US DOE, Inst Phys Res & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lipert, RJ (reprint author), US DOE, Inst Phys Res & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM blipert@ameslab.gov RI Wang, Gufeng/B-3972-2011; Lipert, Robert/A-8571-2009 FU Concurrent Analytical, Inc; DARPA CEROS; Institute for Combinatorial Discovery of Iowa Sate University; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This work was supported by Concurrent Analytical, Inc. through a grant from the DARPA CEROS program and by the Institute for Combinatorial Discovery of Iowa Sate University. The Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under contract DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 56 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 57 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 81 IS 23 BP 9643 EP 9650 DI 10.1021/ac901711f PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 523OX UT WOS:000272084700021 PM 19874000 ER PT J AU El-Etr, SH Margolis, JJ Monack, D Robison, RA Cohen, M Moore, E Rasley, A AF El-Etr, Sahar H. Margolis, Jeffrey J. Monack, Denise Robison, Richard A. Cohen, Marissa Moore, Emily Rasley, Amy TI Francisella tularensis Type A Strains Cause the Rapid Encystment of Acanthamoeba castellanii and Survive in Amoebal Cysts for Three Weeks Postinfection SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; RESPIRATORY CHALLENGE; TULAREMIA VACCINES; ENHANCES VIRULENCE; GROWTH; ENCYSTATION; GENE; PATHOGEN; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of the zoonotic disease tularemia, has recently gained increased attention due to the emergence of tularemia in geographical areas where the disease has been previously unknown and to the organism's potential as a bioterrorism agent. Although F. tularensis has an extremely broad host range, the bacterial reservoir in nature has not been conclusively identified. In this study, the ability of virulent F. tularensis strains to survive and replicate in the amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii was explored. We observe that A. castellanii trophozoites rapidly encyst in response to F. tularensis infection and that this rapid encystment phenotype is caused by factor(s) secreted by amoebae and/or F. tularensis into the coculture medium. Further, our results indicate that in contrast to the live vaccine strain LVS, virulent strains of F. tularensis can survive in A. castellanii cysts for at least 3 weeks postinfection and that the induction of rapid amoeba encystment is essential for survival. In addition, our data indicate that pathogenic F. tularensis strains block lysosomal fusion in A. castellanii. Taken together, these data suggest that interactions between F. tularensis strains and amoebae may play a role in the environmental persistence of F. tularensis. C1 [El-Etr, Sahar H.; Rasley, Amy] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci & Biotechnol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Margolis, Jeffrey J.; Monack, Denise] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Robison, Richard A.; Cohen, Marissa; Moore, Emily] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP El-Etr, SH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci & Biotechnol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM eletr1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [06-ERD-057]; National Institutes of Health/NIAID [AI-65359]; NIH [GM007276-29]; U.S. Department of Homeland Security; National Science Foundation Graduate Research FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and supported by Laboratory Directed Research and Development grant 06-ERD-057 from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and grant AI-65359 from the National Institutes of Health/NIAID to A.R.J.J.M. was supported by NIH training grant GM007276-29, a U.S. Department of Homeland Security fellowship, and a National Science Foundation Graduate Research fellowship. NR 54 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 75 IS 23 BP 7488 EP 7500 DI 10.1128/AEM.01829-09 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 521SR UT WOS:000271944800023 PM 19820161 ER PT J AU Lee, PKH He, JZ Zinder, SH Alvarez-Cohen, L AF Lee, Patrick K. H. He, Jianzhong Zinder, Stephen H. Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa TI Evidence for Nitrogen Fixation by "Dehalococcoides ethenogenes" Strain 195 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REDUCTIVE DEHALOGENASE GENES; VINYL-CHLORIDE REDUCTASE; ENRICHMENT CULTURE; GENOME SEQUENCE; TRICHLOROETHENE; EXPRESSION; BACTERIUM; TETRACHLOROETHENE; ETHENE; GROWTH AB Genome annotation of the chlorinated ethene-respiring "Dehalococcoides ethenogenes" strain 195 indicated the presence of a complete nitrogenase operon. Here, results from long-term growth experiments, gene expression, and (15)N(2)-isotope measurements confirm that strain 195 is capable of fixing atmospheric dinitrogen when a defined fixed-nitrogen source such as ammonium is unavailable. C1 [Lee, Patrick K. H.; Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [He, Jianzhong] Natl Univ Singapore, Div Environm Sci & Engn, Singapore 117576, Singapore. [Zinder, Stephen H.] Cornell Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Alvarez-Cohen, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 726 Davis Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alvarez@ce.berkeley.edu RI Lee, Patrick K H/L-1844-2016 OI Lee, Patrick K H/0000-0003-0911-5317 FU NIEHS Superfund Basic Research [ES04705-19]; SERDP grant [grant ER-1587] FX This research was supported by the NIEHS Superfund Basic Research Project ES04705-19 and SERDP grant ER-1587. NR 30 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 75 IS 23 BP 7551 EP 7555 DI 10.1128/AEM.01886-09 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 521SR UT WOS:000271944800031 PM 19820162 ER PT J AU Jespersen, ST Baudry, F Wakeman, MD Michaud, V Blanchard, P Norris, R Manson, JAE AF Jespersen, S. T. Baudry, F. Wakeman, M. D. Michaud, V. Blanchard, P. Norris, R. Manson, J-A. E. TI Flow Properties of Tailored Net-Shape Thermoplastic Composite Preforms SO APPLIED COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Preforming; Consolidation; Thermoplastic; Composites; Commingled yarns ID MICROMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES; GLASS; SMC AB A novel thermoplastic programmable preforming process, TP-P4, has been used to manufacture preforms for non-isothermal compression molding. Commingled glass and polypropylene yarns are deposited by robot onto a vacuum screen, followed by a heat-setting operation to stabilize the as-placed yarns for subsequent handling. After an optional additional preconsolidation stage, the preforms are molded by preheating and subsequent press forming in a shear edge tool. The in- and out-of-plane flow capabilities of the material were investigated, and compared to those of 40 (wt)% Glass Mat Thermoplastics (GMTs). Although the TP-P4 material has a fiber fraction of 60 (wt)%, the material could be processed to fill 77 mm deep ribs with a thickness of 3 mm, indicative of complex part production. The pressure requirements for out-of-plane flow were shown to depend on the fiber length and fiber alignment. Segregation phenomena were found to be less severe with TP-P4 than with GMT material. C1 [Jespersen, S. T.; Baudry, F.; Wakeman, M. D.; Michaud, V.; Manson, J-A. E.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Technol Composites & Polymeres, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Blanchard, P.] Ford Motor Co, Ford Res & Innovat Ctr, Dearborn, MI 48124 USA. [Norris, R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, US Dept Energy, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Manson, JAE (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Technol Composites & Polymeres, Stn 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM jan-anders.manson@epfl.ch RI Michaud, Veronique/A-6390-2009; Norris, Robert/E-5670-2017; OI Michaud, Veronique/0000-0001-5699-740X; Wakeman, Martyn/0000-0003-2590-6143 FU EPFL; Automotive Composites Consortium; Ford Motor Company; General Motors; US department of energy; US Council for Automotive research (USCAR) FX This work was supported by the EPFL and the Automotive Composites Consortium comprising Daimler Chrysler, Ford Motor Company, General Motors and the US department of energy and US Council for Automotive research (USCAR). The authors wish to thank J. Carron, D. May, D. Schmah, L. Kampfer and G. Pasche from the EPFL, J. Dahl, G. Smith, M. DeBolt, R. Cooper and D. Houston from Ford Motor Co., S. A. Iobst from GM and K. D. Yarborough and R. D. Lomax from Oak Ridge National labs as well as C. Ducret from Vetrotex. The authors would also like to acknowledge Quadrant for supplying GMT materials. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-189X J9 APPL COMPOS MATER JI Appl. Compos. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 16 IS 6 BP 331 EP 344 DI 10.1007/s10443-009-9103-9 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 522DN UT WOS:000271978100001 ER PT J AU Zhang, J King, GB Laurendeau, NM AF Zhang, J. King, G. B. Laurendeau, N. M. TI Characterization of fluctuating hydroxyl concentrations in a turbulent nonpremixed hydrogen-nitrogen jet flame SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; TIME-SERIES MEASUREMENTS; DIFFUSION FLAMES; SPONTANEOUS RAMAN; PREMIXED FLAMES; SHEAR FLOWS; PLANE JET; OH; TEMPERATURE; SCATTERING AB Two-point OH time-series measurements using a high-speed, laser-induced fluorescence system have been performed in a turbulent nonpremixed jet flame to obtain both radial and axial space-time correlations. Turbulent OH structures in such flames are found to undergo convection both axially and radially, but OH convection does not satisfy the 'frozen-turbulence' hypothesis owing to various turbulent interactions and chemical reactions. While axial OH convection occurs at approximately the local mean bulk velocity, radial convection is largely compromised by strong turbulent mixing along the same direction. The hydroxyl integral length scale can be interpreted as the typical dimension of a convective OH structure, which is axially elongated and becomes more isotropic in the post-flame region. The hydroxyl integral time scale can be interpreted as approximately the ratio of an axial integral length scale to a corresponding local mean flow velocity. In general, macroscale fluctuations of OH are dominated by large-scale turbulence, with little contribution from small-scale turbulence and OH chemistry. C1 [Zhang, J.] Sandia Natl Labs, CRF, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Zhang, J.; King, G. B.; Laurendeau, N. M.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Zhang, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, CRF, MS 9052,POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM jzhang@sandia.gov FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This project was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. Dr. Julian Tishkoff is cordially acknowledged for acting as technical monitor. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 97 IS 4 BP 897 EP 908 DI 10.1007/s00340-009-3761-z PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 518UN UT WOS:000271720100021 ER PT J AU Reichertz, LA Gherasoiu, I Yu, KM Kao, VM Walukiewicz, W Ager, JW AF Reichertz, Lothar A. Gherasoiu, Iulian Yu, Kin Man Kao, Vincent M. Walukiewicz, Wladek Ager, Joel W., III TI Demonstration of a III-Nitride/Silicon Tandem Solar Cell SO APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article AB We report on the proof of principle of a III-nitride/silicon tandem solar cell. Photovoltaic activity is demonstrated in a 0.25 cm(2) dual junction solar cell, made of p- and n-type GaN layers which were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on a standard n-type Si wafer with an Al doped p-type surface. An open circuit voltage (V(oc)) of 2.4 V was measured under 1 x sun AM1.5G condition with additional UV laser illumination of the GaN junction. Experiments under various illumination conditions were performed to verify that both junctions are active and working in series. (C) 2009 The Japan Society of Applied Physics DOI: 10.1143/APEX.2.122202 C1 [Reichertz, Lothar A.; Yu, Kin Man; Kao, Vincent M.; Walukiewicz, Wladek; Ager, Joel W., III] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gherasoiu, Iulian; Walukiewicz, Wladek] RoseSt Labs Energy, Phoenix, AZ 85034 USA. RP Ager, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JWAger@lbl.gov RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Gherasoiu, Iulian/H-3369-2013; OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Gherasoiu, Iulian/0000-0003-2686-9196; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 FU RoseStreet Labs Energy's line in Phoenix, Arizona; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy [UFCRA006216, DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The ongoing work in this paper on photovoltaic device engineering, materials engineering and epitaxial growth was performed and funded by RoseStreet Labs Energy's line in Phoenix, Arizona. Device processing, characterization and modeling were performed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) under both RSLE sponsored LBNL research and the joint RSLE/LBNL CRADA No. UFCRA006216 supported by the Technology Commercialization Fund, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy, both under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 10 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 30 PU JAPAN SOCIETY APPLIED PHYSICS PI TOKYO PA KUDAN-KITA BUILDING 5TH FLOOR, 1-12-3 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN SN 1882-0778 J9 APPL PHYS EXPRESS JI Appl. Phys. Express PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 12 AR 122202 DI 10.1143/APEX.2.122202 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 541KC UT WOS:000273412700014 ER PT J AU Belman-Flores, JM Riesco-Avila, JM Gallegos-Munoz, A Navarro-Esbri, J Aceves, SM AF Belman-Flores, J. M. Riesco-Avila, J. M. Gallegos-Munoz, A. Navarro-Esbri, J. Aceves, S. M. TI Automated modelling of complex refrigeration cycles through topological structure analysis SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Refrigeration cycles; Topological structure; Computational method AB We have developed a computational method for analysis of refrigeration cycles. The method is well suited for automated analysis of complex refrigeration systems. The refrigerator is specified through a description of flows representing thermodynamic sates at system locations: components that modify the thermodynamic state of a flow; and controls that specify flow characteristics at selected points in the diagram. A system of equations is then established for the refrigerator, based on mass, energy and momentum balances for each of the system components. Controls specify the values of certain system variables, thereby reducing the number of unknowns. It is found that the system of equations for the refrigerator may contain a number of redundant or duplicate equations, and therefore further equations are necessary for a full characterization. The number of additional equations is related to the number of loops in the cycle, and this is calculated by a matrix-based topological method. The methodology is demonstrated through an analysis of a two-stage refrigeration cycle. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Belman-Flores, J. M.; Riesco-Avila, J. M.; Gallegos-Munoz, A.] Univ Guanajuato, Dept Ingn Mecan, Div Ingn, Guanajuato, Mexico. [Navarro-Esbri, J.] Univ Jaume 1, Dept Ingn Mecan & Construcc, Castellon de La Plana, Spain. [Aceves, S. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Riesco-Avila, JM (reprint author), Univ Guanajuato, Dept Ingn Mecan, Div Ingn, Campus Irapuato Salamanca, Guanajuato, Mexico. EM riesco@salamanca.ugto.mx RI aceves, salvador/G-9052-2011; Gallegos, Armando/G-1112-2016 OI aceves, salvador/0000-0001-5687-7256; Gallegos, Armando/0000-0002-5465-0477 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-4311 J9 APPL THERM ENG JI Appl. Therm. Eng. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 29 IS 17-18 BP 3529 EP 3535 DI 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.06.014 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics GA 504VA UT WOS:000270644700010 ER PT J AU Jarnagin, RE AF Jarnagin, Ronald E. TI ASHRAE Building EQ SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Jarnagin, Ronald E.] Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Jarnagin, RE (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 51 IS 12 BP 18 EP 19 PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 572DW UT WOS:000275808500014 ER PT J AU Dieckmann, J McKenney, K Brodrick, J AF Dieckmann, John McKenney, Kurtis Brodrick, James TI Gas Tankless Water Heaters SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Dieckmann, John; McKenney, Kurtis] TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Cambridge, MA USA. [Brodrick, James] US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Dieckmann, J (reprint author), TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Cambridge, MA USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 51 IS 12 BP 117 EP 118 PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 572DW UT WOS:000275808500024 ER PT J AU Maurer, SE Deamer, DW Boncella, JM Monnard, PA AF Maurer, S. E. Deamer, D. W. Boncella, J. M. Monnard, P. -A. TI Chemical Evolution of Amphiphiles: Glycerol Monoacyl Derivatives Stabilize Plausible Prebiotic Membranes SO ASTROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fatty acids; Glycerol ester; Primitive membranes; Temperature; Stability ID SELF-REPRODUCING VESICLES; FATTY-ACID MEMBRANES; MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS; MODEL PROTOCELL; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; CELLULAR LIFE; EARLY EARTH; TEMPERATURE; ENCAPSULATION; COMPLEXITY AB The self-assembly of simple amphiphiles like fatty acids into cell-like membranous structures suggests that such structures were available on prebiotic Earth to support the origin of cellular life. However, the composition of primitive membranes remains unclear because the physical properties of the aqueous environment in which they assembled are relatively unconstrained in terms of temperature, pH, and ionic concentrations. It seems likely that early membranes were composed of mixtures of various amphiphiles in an aqueous medium warmed by geothermal activity prevalent in the Archean era. To better understand the properties of mixed bilayers formed by binary mixtures of single-chain amphiphiles under these conditions, we conducted stability experiments, using membranes composed of various fatty acids having hydrocarbon chain length between 8 and 18 carbons, in mixtures with their glycerol monoacyl amphiphile derivatives (GMAs). The parameters investigated were critical vesicle concentration (CVC), encapsulation, and temperature-dependent stability. We found that hydrocarbon chain length and the presence of GMAs were major factors related to membrane stability. As chain length increased, GMA additions decreased the CVC of the mixtures 4- to 9-fold. Encapsulation ability also increased significantly as a function of chain length, which reduced permeation of small marker molecules. However, long exposures to temperatures in excess of 60 degrees C resulted in a total release of encapsulated solutes and extensive mixing of the membrane components between vesicles. We conclude that GMAs can significantly increase the stability of mixed amphiphile membranes, but further studies are required to establish model membranes that are stable at elevated temperatures. C1 [Maurer, S. E.; Monnard, P. -A.] Univ So Denmark, Inst Chem & Phys, FLinT Ctr, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark. [Maurer, S. E.; Deamer, D. W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Maurer, S. E.; Boncella, J. M.; Monnard, P. -A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Monnard, PA (reprint author), Univ So Denmark, Inst Chem & Phys, FLinT Ctr, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark. EM monnard@ifk.sdu.dk OI Boncella, James/0000-0001-8393-392X FU Laboratory-Directed Research and Development program at Los Alamos National Laboratory; NASA [NNH08AI881]; Danish Research Foundation FX This work was supported by the Laboratory-Directed Research and Development program at Los Alamos National Laboratory, in particular through the Protocell Assembly project therein (http://protocells. lanl. gov), NASA grant NNH08AI881, and the Danish Research Foundation Professorship for the Center for Fundamental Living Technology (FLinT). NR 33 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 29 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1531-1074 J9 ASTROBIOLOGY JI Astrobiology PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 10 BP 979 EP 987 DI 10.1089/ast.2009.0384 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Geology GA 538JU UT WOS:000273181200006 PM 20041750 ER PT J AU Wang, JH Lehner, MJ Zhang, ZW Bianco, FB Alcock, C Chen, WP Axelrod, T Byun, YI Coehlo, NK Cook, KH Dave, R de Pater, I Porrata, R Kim, DW King, SK Lee, T Lin, HC Lissauer, JJ Marshall, SL Protopapas, P Rice, JA Schwamb, ME Wang, SY Wen, CY AF Wang, J. -H. Lehner, M. J. Zhang, Z. -W. Bianco, F. B. Alcock, C. Chen, W. -P. Axelrod, T. Byun, Y. -I. Coehlo, N. K. Cook, K. H. Dave, R. de Pater, I. Porrata, R. Kim, D. -W. King, S. -K. Lee, T. Lin, H. -C. Lissauer, J. J. Marshall, S. L. Protopapas, P. Rice, J. A. Schwamb, M. E. Wang, S. -Y. Wen, C. -Y. TI UPPER LIMITS ON THE NUMBER OF SMALL BODIES IN SEDNA-LIKE ORBITS BY THE TAOS PROJECT SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Kuiper Belt; occultations; solar system: formation ID AMERICAN OCCULTATION SURVEY; 2003 VB12 SEDNA; SOLAR-SYSTEM; KUIPER-BELT; OORT CLOUD; STELLAR OCCULTATIONS; COMET CLOUD; OBJECTS; ENCOUNTERS; PLANETS AB We present the results of a search for occultation events by objects at distances between 100 and 1000 AU in light curves from the Taiwanese-American Occultation Survey. We searched for consecutive, shallow flux reductions in the stellar light curves obtained by our survey between 2005 February 7 and 2006 December 31 with a total of similar to 4.5 x 10(9) three-telescope simultaneous photometric measurements. No events were detected, allowing us to set upper limits on the number density as a function of size and distance of objects in Sedna-like orbits, using simple models. C1 [Wang, J. -H.; Lehner, M. J.; King, S. -K.; Lee, T.; Wang, S. -Y.; Wen, C. -Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Wang, J. -H.; Zhang, Z. -W.; Chen, W. -P.; Lin, H. -C.] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Jhongli 320, Taoyuan County, Taiwan. [Lehner, M. J.; Bianco, F. B.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Lehner, M. J.; Bianco, F. B.; Alcock, C.; Dave, R.; Protopapas, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Axelrod, T.] Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Byun, Y. -I.; Kim, D. -W.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Astron, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Coehlo, N. K.; Rice, J. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cook, K. H.; Marshall, S. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [de Pater, I.; Porrata, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lissauer, J. J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div 245 3, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Marshall, S. L.] Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Schwamb, M. E.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Wang, JH (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM jhwang@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw RI Lee, Typhoon/N-8347-2013; OI Lehner, Matthew/0000-0003-4077-0985; Schwamb, Megan/0000-0003-4365-1455 FU NCU [NSC 96-2112M- 008-024-MY3]; NSF [AST-0501681]; NASA [NNG04G113G]; ASIAA [AS-88-TP-A02]; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute; USDOE [W-7405-Eng-48, DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-AC0276SF00515] FX Work at NCU was supported by the grant NSC 96-2112M- 008-024-MY3. Work at the CfA was supported in part by the NSF under grant AST-0501681 and by NASA under grant NNG04G113G. Work at ASIAA was supported in part by the thematic research program AS-88-TP-A02. Work at Yonsei was supported by Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute. Work at LLNL was performed in part under USDOE Contract W-7405-Eng-48 and Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Work at SLAC was performed under USDOE contract DE-AC0276SF00515. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 138 IS 6 BP 1893 EP 1901 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1893 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 517PZ UT WOS:000271630200025 ER PT J AU Batista, V Dong, S Gould, A Beaulieu, JP Cassan, A Christie, GW Han, C Udalski, A Allen, W DePoy, DL Gal-Yam, A Gaudi, BS Johnson, B Kaspi, S Lee, CU Maoz, D McCormick, J McGreer, I Monard, B Natusch, T Ofek, E Park, BG Pogge, RW Polishook, D Shporer, A Albrow, MD Bennett, DP Brillant, S Bode, M Bramich, DM Burgdorf, M Caldwell, JAR Calitz, H Cole, A Cook, KH Coutures, C Dieters, S Dominik, M Prester, DD Donatowicz, J Fouque, P Greenhill, J Hoffman, M Horne, K Jorgensen, UG Kains, N Kane, S Kubas, D Marquette, JB Martin, R Meintjes, P Menzies, J Pollard, KR Sahu, KC Snodgrass, C Steele, I Tsapras, Y Wambsganss, J Williams, A Zub, M Wyrzykowski, L Kubiak, M Szymanski, MK Pietrzynski, G Soszynski, I Szewczyk, O Ulaczyk, K Abe, F Bond, IA Fukui, A Furusawa, K Hearnshaw, JB Holderness, S Itow, Y Kamiya, K Kilmartin, PM Korpela, A Lin, W Ling, CH Masuda, K Matsubara, Y Miyake, N Muraki, Y Nagaya, M Ohnishi, K Okumura, T Perrott, YC Rattenbury, N Saito, T Sako, T Skuljan, L Sullivan, D Sumi, T Sweatman, WL Tristram, PJ Yock, PCM AF Batista, V. Dong, S. Gould, A. Beaulieu, J. P. Cassan, A. Christie, G. W. Han, C. Udalski, A. Allen, W. DePoy, D. L. Gal-Yam, A. Gaudi, B. S. Johnson, B. Kaspi, S. Lee, C. U. Maoz, D. McCormick, J. McGreer, I. Monard, B. Natusch, T. Ofek, E. Park, B.-G. Pogge, R. W. Polishook, D. Shporer, A. Albrow, M. D. Bennett, D. P. Brillant, S. Bode, M. Bramich, D. M. Burgdorf, M. Caldwell, J. A. R. Calitz, H. Cole, A. Cook, K. H. Coutures, Ch. Dieters, S. Dominik, M. Prester, D. D. Donatowicz, J. Fouque, P. Greenhill, J. Hoffman, M. Horne, K. Jorgensen, U. G. Kains, N. Kane, S. Kubas, D. Marquette, J. B. Martin, R. Meintjes, P. Menzies, J. Pollard, K. R. Sahu, K. C. Snodgrass, C. Steele, I. Tsapras, Y. Wambsganss, J. Williams, A. Zub, M. Wyrzykowski, L. Kubiak, M. Szymanski, M. K. Pietrzynski, G. Soszynski, I. Szewczyk, O. Ulaczyk, K. Abe, F. Bond, I. A. Fukui, A. Furusawa, K. Hearnshaw, J. B. Holderness, S. Itow, Y. Kamiya, K. Kilmartin, P. M. Korpela, A. Lin, W. Ling, C. H. Masuda, K. Matsubara, Y. Miyake, N. Muraki, Y. Nagaya, M. Ohnishi, K. Okumura, T. Perrott, Y. C. Rattenbury, N. Saito, T. Sako, T. Skuljan, L. Sullivan, D. Sumi, T. Sweatman, W. L. Tristram, P. J. Yock, P. C. M. CA FUN Collaboration PLANET RoboNet Collaboration OGLE Collaboration MOA Collaboration TI Mass measurement of a single unseen star and planetary detection efficiency for OGLE 2007-BLG-050 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing; techniques: photometric; stars: individual: OGLE 2007-BLG-050; planetary systems ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; PARALLAX MICROLENSING EVENT; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; HIGH-MAGNIFICATION; GALACTIC BULGE; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; BROWN DWARF; THICK-DISK; COMPANIONS; PHOTOMETRY AB Aims. We analyze OGLE-2007-BLG-050, a high magnification microlensing event (A similar to 432) whose peak occurred on 2 May, 2007, with pronounced finite-source and parallax effects. We compute planet detection efficiencies for this event in order to determine its sensitivity to the presence of planets around the lens star. Methods. Both finite-source and parallax effects permit a measurement of the angular Einstein radius theta(E) = 0.48 +/- 0.01 mas and the parallax pi(E) = 0.12 +/- 0.03, leading to an estimate of the lens mass M = 0.50 +/- 0.14 M(circle dot) and its distance to the observer D(L) = 5.5 +/- 0.4 kpc. This is only the second determination of a reasonably precise (<30%) mass estimate for an isolated unseen object, using any method. This allows us to calculate the planetary detection efficiency in physical units (r(perpendicular to), m(p)), where r(perpendicular to) is the projected planet-star separation and mp is the planet mass. Results. When computing planet detection efficiency, we did not find any planetary signature, i.e. none of the planetary configurations provides a Delta chi(2) improvement higher than 60, and our detection efficiency results reveal significant sensitivity to Neptune-mass planets, and to a lesser extent Earth-mass planets in some configurations. Indeed, Jupiter and Neptune-mass planets are excluded with a high confidence for a large projected separation range between the planet and the lens star, respectively [0.6-10] and [1.4-4] AU, and Earth-mass planets are excluded with a 10% confidence in the lensing zone, i.e. [1.8-3.1] AU. C1 [Batista, V.; Beaulieu, J. P.; Dieters, S.; Kubas, D.; Marquette, J. B.] CNRS, INSU, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Dong, S.; Gould, A.; DePoy, D. L.; Gaudi, B. S.; Pogge, R. W.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Cassan, A.; Wambsganss, J.; Zub, M.] Univ Heidelberg, Zentrum Astron, Astron Rech Inst, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Bennett, D. P.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Albrow, M. D.; Pollard, K. R.; Hearnshaw, J. B.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Brillant, S.; Kubas, D.; Snodgrass, C.] European So Observ, Santiago, Chile. [Bode, M.; Steele, I.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. [Bramich, D. M.] Isaac Newton Grp, Santa Cruz De La Palma, Spain. [Caldwell, J. A. R.] McDonald Observ, Ft Davis, TX 79734 USA. [Calitz, H.; Hoffman, M.; Meintjes, P.] Univ Free State, Boyden Observ, Dept Phys, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Cook, K. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, IGPP, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Coutures, Ch.] CEA Saclay, DSM, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Cole, A.; Dieters, S.; Greenhill, J.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Math & Phys, GPO Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Dominik, M.; Horne, K.; Kains, N.] Univ St Andrews, SUPA, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Prester, D. D.] Univ Rijeka, Phys Dept, Fac Arts & Sci, Rijeka 51000, Croatia. [Donatowicz, J.] Vienna Univ Technol, Dept Comp, Vienna, Austria. [Fouque, P.] Observ Midi Pyrenees, UMR 5572, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Jorgensen, U. G.] Astron Observ, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Kane, S.] Caltech, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Martin, R.; Williams, A.] Perth Observ, Perth, WA 6076, Australia. [Menzies, J.] S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Observatory, South Africa. [Sahu, K. C.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Tsapras, Y.] Univ London, Astron Unit, Sch Math Sci, London E1 4NS, England. [Udalski, A.; Wyrzykowski, L.; Kubiak, M.; Szymanski, M. K.; Pietrzynski, G.; Soszynski, I.; Szewczyk, O.; Ulaczyk, K.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Christie, G. W.] Auckland Observ, Auckland, New Zealand. [Pietrzynski, G.; Szewczyk, O.] Univ Concepcion, Dept Fis, Concepcion, Chile. [Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Allen, W.; Monard, B.] Bronberg Observ, Ctr Backyard Astrophys, Pretoria, South Africa. [Gal-Yam, A.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Benoziyo Ctr Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Han, C.] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Program Brain Korea, Chonju 371763, South Korea. [McGreer, I.] Columbia Univ, Pupin Phys Labs, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Johnson, B.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB 0HA, England. [McCormick, J.] Farm Cove Observ, Ctr Backyard Astrophys, Auckland, New Zealand. [Ofek, E.] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Lee, C. U.; Park, B.-G.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Taejon 305348, South Korea. [Abe, F.; Fukui, A.; Furusawa, K.; Itow, Y.; Kamiya, K.; Masuda, K.; Matsubara, Y.; Miyake, N.; Nagaya, M.; Okumura, T.; Sako, T.; Sumi, T.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environ Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Bond, I. A.; Lin, W.; Ling, C. H.; Skuljan, L.; Sweatman, W. L.] Massey Univ, Inst Informat & Math Sci, Auckland 1330, New Zealand. [Holderness, S.] Univ Auckland, Comp Sci Dept, Auckland, New Zealand. [Sullivan, D.] Victoria Univ, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. [Kilmartin, P. M.; Korpela, A.; Tristram, P. J.] Mt John Observ, Lake Tekapo 8770, New Zealand. [Muraki, Y.] Konan Univ, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6588501, Japan. [Ohnishi, K.] Nagano Natl Coll Technol, Nagano 3818550, Japan. [Kaspi, S.; Maoz, D.; Polishook, D.; Shporer, A.] Tel Aviv Univ, Wise Observ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Saito, T.] Tokyo Metropolitan Coll Ind Technol, Tokyo 1168523, Japan. Nagoya Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Perrott, Y. C.; Rattenbury, N.; Yock, P. C. M.] Univ Auckland, Dept Phys, Auckland 1001, New Zealand. Alvine Estate, Blenheim 7321, New Zealand. Univ Stuttgart, Deutsch SOFIA Inst, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Burgdorf, M.] SOFIA Sci Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Natusch, T.; Burgdorf, M.] AUT Univ, Auckland, New Zealand. RP Batista, V (reprint author), CNRS, INSU, Inst Astrophys Paris, 98 Bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France. EM batista@iap.fr; dong@astronomy.ohio-state.edu; gould@astronomy.ohio-state.edu; beaulieu@iap.fr; gwchristie@christie.org.nz; cheongho@astroph.chungbuk.ac.kr; udalski@astrouw.edu.pl; avishay.gal-yam@weizmann.ac.il; gaudi@astronomy.ohio-state.edu; bjohnson@ast.cam.ac.uk; dani@wise.tau.ac.il; shai@wise.tau.ac.il; farmcoveobs@xtra.co.nz; mcgreer@astro.columbia.edu; lagmonar@nmsa.org; tim.natush@aut.ac.nz; eran@astro.caltech.edu; bgpark@kasi.re.kr; david@wise.tau.ac.il; shporer@wise.tau.ac.il; bennett@nd.edu; marquett@iap.fr; wyrzykow@ast.cam.ac.uk; mk@astrouw.edu.pl; mj@astrouw.edu.pl; pietrzyn@astrouw.edu.pl; soszynsk@astrouw.edu.pl; szewczyk@astro-udec.cl; kulaczyk@astrouw.edu.pl RI Dong, Subo/J-7319-2012; Kane, Stephen/B-4798-2013; Greenhill, John/C-8367-2013; Williams, Andrew/K-2931-2013; Gaudi, Bernard/I-7732-2012 OI Williams, Andrew/0000-0001-9080-0105; Dominik, Martin/0000-0002-3202-0343; Cole, Andrew/0000-0003-0303-3855; Snodgrass, Colin/0000-0001-9328-2905; FU HOLMES [ANR-06-BLAN-0416]; NSF [AST-0757888, AST-0206189, AST-0708890]; NASA [NNG04GL51G, NAF5-13042, NNX07AL71G]; Polish MNiSW [N20303032/4275]; Korea Science and Engineering Foundation [2009-008561]; Korea Research Foundation [2006311-C00072]; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; PPARC/STFC; EU; Dill Faulkes Educational Trust (Faulkes Telescope North) [JSPS18253002, JSPS20340052, JSPS19340058]; Marsden Fund of NZ; Foundation for Research Science and Technology of NZ; Creative Research Initiative program [2009-008561]; Ohio Supercomputer Center; [HST-GO-11311]; [MEXT19015005]; [JSPS18749004] FX We thank Thomas Prado and Arnaud Tribolet for their careful reading of the manuscript. VB thanks Ohio State University for its hospitality during a six week visit, during which this study was initiated. We acknowledge the following support: Grants HOLMES ANR-06-BLAN-0416 Dave Warren for the Mt Canopus Observatory; NSF AST-0757888 (AG, SD); NASA NNG04GL51G (DD, AG, RP); Polish MNiSW N20303032/4275 (AU); HST-GO-11311 (KS); NSF AST-0206189 and AST-0708890, NASA NAF5-13042 and NNX07AL71G (DPB); Korea Science and Engineering Foundation grant 2009-008561 (CH); Korea Research Foundation grant 2006311-C00072 (B-GP); Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (CSB); PPARC/STFC, EU FP6 programme "ANGLES" (LW, NJR); PPARC/STFC (RoboNet); Dill Faulkes Educational Trust (Faulkes Telescope North); Grants JSPS18253002, JSPS20340052 and JSPS19340058 (MOA); Marsden Fund of NZ(IAB, PCMY); Foundation for Research Science and Technology of NZ; Creative Research Initiative program (2009-008561) (CH); Grants MEXT19015005 and JSPS18749004 (TS). This work was supported in part by an allocation of computing time from the Ohio Supercomputer Center. NR 64 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 508 IS 1 BP 467 EP 478 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912923 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 528CI UT WOS:000272417700049 ER PT J AU Acciari, VA Aliu, E Arlen, T Aune, T Bautista, M Beilicke, M Benbow, W Boltuch, D Bradbury, SM Buckley, JH Bugaev, V Byrum, K Cannon, A Celik, O Cesarini, A Ciupik, L Cogan, P Cui, W Dickherber, R Duke, C Fegan, SJ Finley, JP Fortin, P Fortson, L Furniss, A Galante, N Gall, D Gibbs, K Gillanders, GH Godambe, S Grube, J Guenette, R Gyuk, G Hanna, D Holder, J Horan, D Hui, CM Humensky, TB Imran, A Kaaret, P Karlsson, N Kertzman, M Kieda, D Konopelko, A Krawczynski, H Krennrich, F Lang, MJ LeBohec, S Maier, G McCann, A McCutcheon, M Millis, J Moriarty, P Mukherjee, R Ong, RA Otte, AN Pandel, D Perkins, JS Pohl, M Quinn, J Ragan, K Reynolds, PT Roache, E Rose, HJ Schroedter, M Sembroski, GH Smith, AW Steele, D Swordy, SP Theiling, M Toner, JA Varlotta, A Vassiliev, VV Vincent, S Wagner, RG Wakely, SP Ward, JE Weekes, TC Weinstein, A Weisgarber, T Williams, DA Wissel, S Wood, M Zitzer, B Kataoka, J Cavazzuti, E Cheung, CC Lott, B Thompson, DJ Tosti, G AF Acciari, V. A. Aliu, E. Arlen, T. Aune, T. Bautista, M. Beilicke, M. Benbow, W. Boltuch, D. Bradbury, S. M. Buckley, J. H. Bugaev, V. Byrum, K. Cannon, A. Celik, O. Cesarini, A. Ciupik, L. Cogan, P. Cui, W. Dickherber, R. Duke, C. Fegan, S. J. Finley, J. P. Fortin, P. Fortson, L. Furniss, A. Galante, N. Gall, D. Gibbs, K. Gillanders, G. H. Godambe, S. Grube, J. Guenette, R. Gyuk, G. Hanna, D. Holder, J. Horan, D. Hui, C. M. Humensky, T. B. Imran, A. Kaaret, P. Karlsson, N. Kertzman, M. Kieda, D. Konopelko, A. Krawczynski, H. Krennrich, F. Lang, M. J. LeBohec, S. Maier, G. McCann, A. McCutcheon, M. Millis, J. Moriarty, P. Mukherjee, R. Ong, R. A. Otte, A. N. Pandel, D. Perkins, J. S. Pohl, M. Quinn, J. Ragan, K. Reynolds, P. T. Roache, E. Rose, H. J. Schroedter, M. Sembroski, G. H. Smith, A. W. Steele, D. Swordy, S. P. Theiling, M. Toner, J. A. Varlotta, A. Vassiliev, V. V. Vincent, S. Wagner, R. G. Wakely, S. P. Ward, J. E. Weekes, T. C. Weinstein, A. Weisgarber, T. Williams, D. A. Wissel, S. Wood, M. Zitzer, B. Kataoka, J. Cavazzuti, E. Cheung, C. C. Lott, B. Thompson, D. J. Tosti, G. TI VERITAS UPPER LIMIT ON THE VERY HIGH ENERGY EMISSION FROM THE RADIO GALAXY NGC 1275 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (NGC 1275, 3C 84, Perseus A); galaxies: Seyfert; gamma rays: observations ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ATMOSPHERIC CHERENKOV TELESCOPES; PEAKED BL-LACERTAE; PROTON BLAZAR; DISCOVERY; RADIATION; JETS; MARKARIAN-501; PARAMETERS AB The recent detection by the Fermi gamma-ray space telescope of high-energy gamma-rays from the radio galaxy NGC 1275 makes the observation of the very high energy (VHE: E > 100 GeV) part of its broadband spectrum particularly interesting, especially for the understanding of active galactic nuclei with misaligned multi-structured jets. The radio galaxy NGC 1275 was recently observed by VERITAS at energies above 100 GeV for about 8 hr. No VHE gamma-ray emission was detected by VERITAS from NGC 1275. A 99% confidence level upper limit of 2.1% of the Crab Nebula flux level is obtained at the decorrelation energy of approximately 340 GeV, corresponding to 19% of the power-law extrapolation of the Fermi Large Area Telescope result. C1 [Acciari, V. A.; Benbow, W.; Galante, N.; Gibbs, K.; Perkins, J. S.; Roache, E.; Theiling, M.; Weekes, T. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Acciari, V. A.; Moriarty, P.] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Galway, Ireland. [Aliu, E.; Boltuch, D.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Aliu, E.; Boltuch, D.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Arlen, T.; Celik, O.; Fegan, S. J.; Ong, R. A.; Vassiliev, V. V.; Weinstein, A.; Wood, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Aune, T.; Furniss, A.; Otte, A. N.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Aune, T.; Furniss, A.; Otte, A. N.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bautista, M.; Cogan, P.; Guenette, R.; Hanna, D.; Maier, G.; McCann, A.; McCutcheon, M.; Ragan, K.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Beilicke, M.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Dickherber, R.; Krawczynski, H.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Bradbury, S. M.; Rose, H. J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Byrum, K.; Smith, A. W.; Wagner, R. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cannon, A.; Grube, J.; Quinn, J.; Ward, J. E.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Cesarini, A.; Gillanders, G. H.; Lang, M. J.; Toner, J. A.] Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland. [Ciupik, L.; Fortson, L.; Gyuk, G.; Karlsson, N.; Steele, D.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Cui, W.; Finley, J. P.; Gall, D.; Sembroski, G. H.; Varlotta, A.; Zitzer, B.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Duke, C.] Grinnell Coll, Dept Phys, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA. [Fortin, P.; Mukherjee, R.] Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Godambe, S.; Hui, C. M.; Kieda, D.; LeBohec, S.; Vincent, S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Humensky, T. B.; Swordy, S. P.; Wakely, S. P.; Weisgarber, T.; Wissel, S.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Imran, A.; Krennrich, F.; Pohl, M.; Schroedter, M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kaaret, P.; Pandel, D.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Kertzman, M.] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA. [Konopelko, A.] Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA. [Millis, J.] Anderson Univ, Dept Phys, Anderson, IN 46012 USA. [Reynolds, P. T.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys & Instrumentat, Cork, Ireland. [Theiling, M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Cavazzuti, E.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Cheung, C. C.; Thompson, D. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Lott, B.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, UMR 5797, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Lott, B.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. RP Galante, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. EM ngalante@cfa.harvard.edu RI Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; OI Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; Cui, Wei/0000-0002-6324-5772; Cesarini, Andrea/0000-0002-8611-8610; Ward, John E/0000-0003-1973-0794; Pandel, Dirk/0000-0003-2085-5586; Lang, Mark/0000-0003-4641-4201 FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Institution, by NSERC in Canada; Science Foundation Ireland; STFC in the UK FX This research was supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Smithsonian Institution, by NSERC in Canada, by the Science Foundation Ireland, and by STFC in the UK. NR 35 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 706 IS 2 BP L275 EP L280 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/L275 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 537RY UT WOS:000273132700015 ER PT J AU Gilbert, AM Vacca, WD AF Gilbert, Andrea M. Vacca, William D. TI The formation and evolution of massive stellar clusters in IC4662 SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Young Massive Star Clusters - Initial Conditions and Environments CY SEP 11-14, 2007 CL Inst Astrofis Andaluc, Granada, SPAIN HO Inst Astrofis Andaluc DE Wolf-Rayet galaxies; IC4662; Super star clusters; Ultradense HII Regions; Spitzer; HST ID RESOLUTION MIDINFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; PRIMORDIAL HELIUM ABUNDANCE; YOUNG GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; SUPER-STAR-CLUSTERS; ANTENNAE GALAXIES; SPACE-TELESCOPE; ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCES; IRREGULAR GALAXIES; STARBURST GALAXIES; COMPACT GALAXIES AB We present a multiwavelength study of the formation of massive stellar clusters, their emergence from cocoons of gas and dust, and their feedback on surrounding matter. Using data that span from radio to optical wavelengths, including Spitzer and Hubble Space Telescope ACS observations, we examine the population of young star clusters in the central starburst region of the irregular Wolf-Rayet galaxy IC4662. We model the radio-to-infrared (IR) spectral energy distributions of embedded clusters to determine the properties of their Hii regions and dust cocoons (sizes, masses, densities, temperatures), and use near-IR and optical data with mid-IR spectroscopy to constrain the properties of the embedded clusters themselves (mass, age, extinction, excitation, abundance). The two massive star-formation regions in IC4662 are excited by stellar populations with ages of similar to 4 Myr and masses of similar to 3x10(5) M-aS (TM) (assuming a Kroupa initial mass function). They have high excitation and subsolar abundances, and they may actually be comprised of several massive clusters rather than the single monolithic massive compact objects known as 'super star clusters' (SSCs). Mid-IR spectra reveal that these clusters have very high extinction values, A (V) similar to 20-25 mag, and that the dust in IC4662 is well mixed with the emitting gas, not in a foreground screen. C1 [Gilbert, Andrea M.] Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Gilbert, Andrea M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Vacca, William D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, USRA SOFIA, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Gilbert, AM (reprint author), Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. EM andrea.m.gilbert@aero.org; wvacca@sofia.usra.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-640X EI 1572-946X J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI JI Astrophys. Space Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 324 IS 2-4 BP 147 EP 154 DI 10.1007/s10509-009-0120-9 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 522SJ UT WOS:000272018700013 ER PT J AU Spicer, CW Holdren, MW Cowen, KA Joseph, DW Satola, J Goodwin, B Mayfield, H Laskin, A Alexander, ML Ortega, JV Newburn, M Kagann, R Hashmonay, R AF Spicer, Chester W. Holdren, Michael W. Cowen, Kenneth A. Joseph, Darrell W. Satola, Jan Goodwin, Bradley Mayfield, Howard Laskin, Alexander Alexander, M. Lizabeth Ortega, John V. Newburn, Matthew Kagann, Robert Hashmonay, Ram TI Rapid measurement of emissions from military aircraft turbine engines by downstream extractive sampling of aircraft on the ground: Results for C-130 and F-15 aircraft (vol 43, pg 2612, 2009) SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Correction C1 [Spicer, Chester W.] SpiceAir Consulting, Columbus, OH 43221 USA. [Holdren, Michael W.] Sci Consulting, Columbus, OH 43220 USA. [Cowen, Kenneth A.; Joseph, Darrell W.; Satola, Jan; Goodwin, Bradley] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Mayfield, Howard] USAF, Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. [Laskin, Alexander; Alexander, M. Lizabeth; Newburn, Matthew] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ortega, John V.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Kagann, Robert; Hashmonay, Ram] Arcadis G&M, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Spicer, CW (reprint author), SpiceAir Consulting, 2703 Mt Holyoke Rd, Columbus, OH 43221 USA. EM spiceair@columbus.rr.com NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 43 IS 38 BP 6120 EP 6120 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.09.034 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 526GP UT WOS:000272276000017 ER PT J AU Cheap, H Bernad, S Derrien, V Gerencser, L Tandori, J de Oliveira, P Hanson, DK Peter, M Sebban, P AF Cheap, Helene Bernad, Sophie Derrien, Valerie Gerencser, Laszlo Tandori, Julia de Oliveira, Pedro Hanson, Deborah K. Peter Maroti Sebban, Pierre TI M234Glu is a component of the proton sponge in the reaction center from photosynthetic bacteria SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS LA English DT Article DE Photosynthesis; Electron transfer; Proton transfer; Reaction center; Bioenergetics; Hydrogen-bond network; Reaction center ID FTIR DIFFERENCE SPECTROSCOPY; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES R-26; SECONDARY-ELECTRON TRANSFER; REACTION-CENTER MUTANTS; Q(B) BINDING-SITE; FREE-ENERGY; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-VIRIDIS; PRIMARY QUINONE; DELAYED FLUORESCENCE; ACCEPTOR QUINONES AB Bacterial reaction centers use light energy to couple the uptake of protons to the successive semi-reduction of two quinones, namely Q(A) and Q(B). These molecules are situated symmetrically in regard to a non-heme iron atom. Four histidines and one glutamic acid, M234Glu, constitute the five ligands of this atom. By flash-induced absorption spectroscopy and delayed fluorescence we have studied in the M234EH and M234EL variants the role played by this acidic residue on the energetic balance between the two quinones as well as in proton uptake. Delayed fluorescence from the P(+)Q(A)(-) state (P is the primary electron donor) and temperature dependence of the rate of P(+)Q(A)(-) charge recombination that are in good agreement show that in the two RC variants, both Q(A)(-) and Q(B)(-) are destabilized by about the same free energy amount: respectively similar to 100 +/- 5 meV and 90 +/- 5 meV for the M234EH and M234EL variants, as compared to the WT. Importantly, in the M234EH and M234EL variants we observe a collapse of the high pH band (present in the wild-type reaction center) of the proton uptake amplitudes associated with formation of Q(A)(-) and Q(B)(-). This band has recently been shown to be a signature of a collective behaviour of an extended, multi-entry, proton uptake network. M234Glu seems to play a central role in the proton sponge-like system formed by the RC protein. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cheap, Helene; Bernad, Sophie; Derrien, Valerie; Gerencser, Laszlo; Tandori, Julia; de Oliveira, Pedro; Sebban, Pierre] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Chim Phys Lab, UMR 8000, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Hanson, Deborah K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Peter Maroti] Univ Szeged, Dept Biophys, H-6722 Szeged, Hungary. RP Sebban, P (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Chim Phys Lab, UMR 8000, F-91405 Orsay, France. EM pierre.sebban@u-psud.fr RI de Oliveira, Pedro/E-9708-2015 OI de Oliveira, Pedro/0000-0002-4823-4143 NR 78 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2728 J9 BBA-BIOENERGETICS JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 1787 IS 12 BP 1505 EP 1515 DI 10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.07.004 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 497YE UT WOS:000270100400011 PM 19632193 ER PT J AU Merzlyak, A Lee, SW AF Merzlyak, Anna Lee, Seung-Wuk TI Engineering Phage Materials with Desired Peptide Display: Rational Design Sustained through Natural Selection SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MAJOR COAT PROTEIN; FILAMENTOUS PHAGE; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BINDING-SPECIFICITY; CAPSID PROTEIN; M13 PROCOAT; BACTERIOPHAGE; LIBRARIES; INSERTION AB Genetic engineering of phage provides novel opportunities to build various nanomaterials by displaying functional peptide motifs on its surface coat protein. However, any genetic modifications of phage coat proteins must be able to accommodate their many biological roles in the phage replication process. To express functional but inherently unfavorable peptide motifs on major coat protein pVIII, we devised a novel genetic conjugation method to circumvent bacterial biological censorship. Constraining the designed peptides among the degenerate flanking residues, we obtained a pVIII library of phage that retained the desired sequences yet could navigate through the phage replication process due to the naturally selected flanking residues. Further, we systematically analyzed the biochemical and size-related compensation mechanisms of the pVIII expressed peptides by constructing four chemically diverse (His, Trp, Glu, Lys) partial library series. Described genetic conjugation methodology can serve to improve the design of engineered phage and allow further exploitation of these particles as functional nanobiomaterials for various applications. C1 [Lee, Seung-Wuk] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Merzlyak, Anna] UCSF & UC Berkeley Joint Grad Grp Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Merzlyak, Anna] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Berkeley Nanosci & Nanoengn Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lee, SW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM leesw@berkeley.edu FU Hellman Family Faculty Fund (SWL); Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute at the University of California, Berkeley (SWL); Laboratory Directed Research and Development fund; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; National Science Foundation (AM) FX This work was supported by the Hellman Family Faculty Fund (SWL), start-up funds from the Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute at the University of California, Berkeley (SWL), the Laboratory Directed Research and Development fund from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and the Graduate Student Fellowship from the National Science Foundation (AM). We thank Drs. Irina Merzlyak and Justyn Jaworski for help in editing this manuscript. NR 73 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1043-1802 J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM JI Bioconjugate Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 20 IS 12 BP 2300 EP 2310 DI 10.1021/bc900303f PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 531SX UT WOS:000272690100013 PM 19842621 ER PT J AU Dattelbaum, AM Baker, GA Fox, JM Iyer, S Dattelbaum, JD AF Dattelbaum, Andrew M. Baker, Gary A. Fox, John M. Iyer, Srinivas Dattelbaum, Jonathan D. TI PEGylation of a Maltose Biosensor Promotes Enhanced Signal Response When Immobilized in a Silica Sol-Gel SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PERIPLASMIC BINDING-PROTEINS; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; CONSTRUCTION; PARVALBUMIN AB A robust method to immobilize a maltose biosensor is described using an engineered maltose periplasmic binding protein (PBP) covalently coupled to NBDamide, an environmentally sensitive fluorophore. A mesoporous silica sol-gel derived from diglycerylsilane (DGS) was constructed to embed the maltose biosensor, and the ligand reporting fluorescence properties were measured. When sequestered in the DGS-derived silica matrix, the biosensor retained maltose-dependent fluorescence sensing capability with micromolar affinity, which is consistent with the protein free in solution. The MBP-NBD conjugate was further modified by covalent conjugation with poly(ethylene glycol)-5000 (PEG) to promote the retention of water molecules around the protein and to reduce possible steric effects between the silica matrix and protein. Bioconjugation with PEG molecules does not significantly affect the signaling response of the protein in solution. When immobilized in the DGS polymer, a consistent increase in fluorescence intensity was observed as compared to the protein not functionalized with PEG. To our knowledge, this report presents the first successful method to embed a PBP biosensor in a polymerized matrix and retain signaling response using an environmentally sensitive probe. The immobilization method presented here should be easily adaptable to all conformation-dependent biosensors. C1 [Fox, John M.; Dattelbaum, Jonathan D.] Univ Richmond, Dept Chem, Gottwald Ctr Sci, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. [Dattelbaum, Andrew M.; Iyer, Srinivas] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Baker, Gary A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dattelbaum, JD (reprint author), Univ Richmond, Dept Chem, Gottwald Ctr Sci, 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. EM jdattelb@richmond.edu RI Baker, Gary/H-9444-2016 OI Baker, Gary/0000-0002-3052-7730 FU Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Los Alamos National Security, LLC; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX JDD thanks Research Corporation for contributing funding to this work. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy Under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1043-1802 J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM JI Bioconjugate Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 20 IS 12 BP 2381 EP 2384 DI 10.1021/bc900341s PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 531SX UT WOS:000272690100023 PM 19928952 ER PT J AU Dixon, RA AF Dixon, Richard A. TI DOE Bioenergy Center Special Issue. The Bioenergy Sciences Center (BESC) SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE Bioenergy centers; United States Department of Energy; Biomass recalcitrance; High-throughput screening; Plant transformation C1 [Dixon, Richard A.] Bioenergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Dixon, Richard A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. RP Dixon, RA (reprint author), Bioenergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM radixon@noble.org NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 SI SI BP 175 EP 176 DI 10.1007/s12155-009-9059-5 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 607GT UT WOS:000278487800001 ER PT J AU Davison, BH Keller, M Fowler, VS AF Davison, Brian H. Keller, Martin Fowler, V. Suzy TI The Goals and Research of the BioEnergy Sciences Center (BESC): Developing Cost-effective and Sustainable Means of Producing Biofuels by Overcoming Biomass Recalcitrance SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biofuels; Bioenergy; Biofeedstocks AB The mission of BioEnergy Sciences Center is to understand and overcome the recalcitrance of biomass to conversion by modifying plant cell walls with improved biocatalysts. The papers in this volume are from the plant transformation and the biomass characterization areas, and showcase the multidisciplinary and multi-institutional nature of the center. C1 [Davison, Brian H.; Keller, Martin; Fowler, V. Suzy] Bioenergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Davison, Brian H.; Keller, Martin; Fowler, V. Suzy] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Davison, BH (reprint author), Bioenergy Sci Ctr, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM davisonbh@ornl.gov RI Keller, Martin/C-4416-2012; Davison, Brian/D-7617-2013 OI Davison, Brian/0000-0002-7408-3609 NR 1 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 SI SI BP 177 EP 178 DI 10.1007/s12155-009-9057-7 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 607GT UT WOS:000278487800002 ER PT J AU Decker, SR Brunecky, R Tucker, MP Himmel, ME Selig, MJ AF Decker, Stephen R. Brunecky, Roman Tucker, Melvin P. Himmel, Michael E. Selig, Michael J. TI High-Throughput Screening Techniques for Biomass Conversion SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biomass conversion; Biomass pretreatment; Cellulase assay; Lignocellulosic biomass; High-throughput screening ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DILUTE-ACID PRETREATMENT; NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER; FILTER-PAPER ASSAY; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; CORN STOVER; CELLOBIOSE DEHYDROGENASE; CELLULASE ACTIVITY; DINITROSALICYLIC ACID; XYLANOLYTIC ENZYMES AB High-throughput (HTP) screening of biomass or biomass-degrading enzymes, regardless of the desired outcome, is fraught with obstacles and challenges not typically faced in more traditional biotechnology. The enzyme systems are complex and synergistic and the substrate is highly heterogeneous, insoluble, and difficult to dispense. Digestions are often carried out for days at temperatures of 50 C or higher, leading to significant challenges regarding evaporation control in small well volumes. Furthermore, it is often desirable to condition or "pretreat" the biomass at extreme temperatures and/or pH to enhance enzyme digestibility. Once the substrate has been saccharified, evaluation of the extent and efficiency of conversion is made more difficult by time-consuming and tedious techniques used to measure the sugar products. Over the past decade or so, biomass researchers have creatively addressed these challenges by developing techniques to reduce biomass heterogeneity, uniformly distribute biomass samples at the small scale, pretreat the biomass at the small scale, quantitatively load these samples with enzymes, control evaporation of small reaction volumes for multiday incubations, and rapidly quantify the products. Other aspects of these measurements remain problematic and are being addressed. This review will address some of these challenges in detail, but more importantly, we will endeavor to educate the reader about the trials, tribulations, and pitfalls of carrying out HTP screening in biomass conversion research. C1 [Decker, Stephen R.; Brunecky, Roman; Himmel, Michael E.; Selig, Michael J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Tucker, Melvin P.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Decker, SR (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, 1617 Cole Blvd,MS 3323, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM steve.decker@nrel.gov FU DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research through the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), a DOE Bioenergy Research Center FX The authors wish to thank Charles Wyman and his coworkers at the University of California-Riverside for the description and images of their high-throughput pretreatment reactor system. This work was supported by the DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research through the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), a DOE Bioenergy Research Center. NR 67 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 SI SI BP 179 EP 192 DI 10.1007/s12155-009-9051-0 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 607GT UT WOS:000278487800003 ER PT J AU Foston, M Hubbell, CA Davis, M Ragauskas, AJ AF Foston, Marcus Hubbell, Christopher A. Davis, Mark Ragauskas, Arthur J. TI Variations in Cellulosic Ultrastructure of Poplar SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cellulose; Poplar; Solid-state NMR ID HYDROLYSIS; SPECTROSCOPY AB A key property involved in plant recalcitrance is cellulose crystallinity. In an attempt to establish the typical diversity in cellulose ultrastructure for poplar, the variation and distribution of supramolecular and ultrastructural features, including the fraction of crystalline cellulose forms I(alpha) and I(beta), para-crystalline cellulose and amorphous cellulose content were characterized. In this study, the percent crystallinity (%Cr) and lateral fibril dimensions of cellulose isolated from poplar were determined for 18 poplar core samples collected in the northwestern region of the USA. C1 [Foston, Marcus; Hubbell, Christopher A.; Ragauskas, Arthur J.] Georgia Inst Technol, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Sch Chem & Biochem, Inst Paper Sci & Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Davis, Mark] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ragauskas, AJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Sch Chem & Biochem, Inst Paper Sci & Technol, 500 10th St, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM Art.Ragauskas@chemistry.gatech.edu OI davis, mark/0000-0003-4541-9852; Ragauskas, Arthur/0000-0002-3536-554X FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science FX This work was supported and performed as part of the BioEnergy Science Center. The BioEnergy Science Center is a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. In addition, we wish to thank the reviewers for their insightful comments. Special thanks goes to Lee Gunter (ORNL), Jerry Tuskan (ORNL), Gancho Slavov (WVU), Stephan DiFazio (WVU), and Carl Douglas (UBC) who collected the trees core samples. NR 15 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 SI SI BP 193 EP 197 DI 10.1007/s12155-009-9050-1 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 607GT UT WOS:000278487800004 ER PT J AU Pu, YQ Chen, F Ziebell, A Davison, BH Ragauskas, AJ AF Pu, Yunqiao Chen, Fang Ziebell, Angela Davison, Brian H. Ragauskas, Arthur J. TI NMR Characterization of C3H and HCT Down-Regulated Alfalfa Lignin SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Alfalfa; Gene down-regulation; Lignin structure; NMR; p-Hydroxyphenyl; Methoxyl; beta-O-4 linkage ID MILLED WOOD LIGNINS; MEDICAGO-SATIVA L.; CORN STOVER; HOT-WATER; MONOLIGNOL BIOSYNTHESIS; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; CELLULOSIC ETHANOL; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; ACID PRETREATMENT AB Independent down-regulation of genes encoding p-coumarate 3-hydroxylase (C3H) and hydroxycinnamoyl CoA:shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT) has been previously shown to reduce the recalcitrance of alfalfa and thereby improve the release of fermentable sugars during enzymatic hydrolysis. In this study, ball-milled lignins were isolated from wild-type control, C3H, and HCT gene down-regulated alfalfa plants. One-and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques were utilized to determine structural changes in the ball-milled alfalfa lignins resulting from this genetic engineering. After C3H and HCT gene down-regulation, significant structural changes had occurred to the alfalfa ball-milled lignins compared to the wild-type control. A substantial increase in p-hydroxyphenyl units was observed in the transgenic alfalfa ball-milled lignins as well as a concomitant decrease in guaiacyl and syringyl units. Two-dimensional (13)C-(1)H heteronuclear single quantum coherence correlation NMR, one-dimensional distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer-135, and (13)C NMR measurement showed a noteworthy decrease in methoxyl group and beta-O-4 linkage contents in these transgenic alfalfa lignins. (13)C NMR analysis estimated that C3H gene down-regulation reduced the methoxyl content by similar to 55-58% in the ball-milled lignin, while HCT down-regulation decreased methoxyl content by similar to 73%. The gene down-regulated C3H and HCT transgenic alfalfa lignin was largely a p-hydroxyphenyl (H) rich type lignin. Compared to the wild-type plant, the C3H and HCT transgenic lines had an increase in relative abundance of phenylcoumaran and resinol in the ball-milled lignins. C1 [Ragauskas, Arthur J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Pu, Yunqiao] Georgia Inst Technol, Inst Paper Sci & Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Chen, Fang] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK USA. [Ziebell, Angela] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO USA. [Davison, Brian H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Pu, Yunqiao; Chen, Fang; Ziebell, Angela; Davison, Brian H.; Ragauskas, Arthur J.] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Ragauskas, AJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM arthur.ragauskas@chemistry.gatech.edu RI Davison, Brian/D-7617-2013; OI Davison, Brian/0000-0002-7408-3609; Pu, Yunqiao/0000-0003-2554-1447; Ragauskas, Arthur/0000-0002-3536-554X FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science; DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research through the BioEnergy Science Center [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX We thank Drs. Richard A. Dixon and Mark Davis for their suggestion of the manuscript. The BioEnergy Science Center (BESC) is a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the financial support from DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research through the BioEnergy Science Center (DE-AC05-00OR22725). NR 56 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 SI SI BP 198 EP 208 DI 10.1007/s12155-009-9056-8 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 607GT UT WOS:000278487800005 ER PT J AU Mao, FL Yin, YB Zhou, FF Chou, WC Zhou, C Chen, HL Xu, Y AF Mao, Fenglou Yin, Yanbin Zhou, Fengfeng Chou, Wen-Chi Zhou, Chan Chen, Huiling Xu, Ying TI pDAWG: An Integrated Database for Plant Cell Wall Genes SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cell wall genes; Biological database; Bioinformatics; Biofuel ID PREDICTING PROTEIN FUNCTION; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SEQUENCE; ALIGNMENTS; IDENTIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; INTERACTOME AB We have recently developed a database, pDAWG, focused on information related to plant cell walls. Currently, pDAWG contains seven complete plant genomes, 12 complete algal genomes, along with computed information for individual proteins encoded in these genomes of the following types: (a) carbohydrate active enzyme (CAZy) family information when applicable; (b) phylogenetic trees of cell wall-related CAZy family proteins; (c) protein structure models if available; (d) physical and predicted interactions among proteins; (e) subcellular localization; (f) Pfam domain information; and (g) homology-based functional prediction. A querying system with a graphical interface allows a user to quickly compose information of different sorts about individual genes/proteins and to display the composite information in an intuitive manner, facilitating comparative analyses and knowledge discovery about cell wall genes. pDAWG can be accessed at http://csbl1.bmb.uga.edu/pDAWG/. C1 [Mao, Fenglou; Yin, Yanbin; Zhou, Fengfeng; Chou, Wen-Chi; Zhou, Chan; Chen, Huiling; Xu, Ying] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Computat Syst Biol Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Mao, Fenglou; Yin, Yanbin; Zhou, Fengfeng; Chou, Wen-Chi; Zhou, Chan; Chen, Huiling; Xu, Ying] Univ Georgia, Inst Bioinformat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Mao, Fenglou; Yin, Yanbin; Zhou, Fengfeng; Chou, Wen-Chi; Zhou, Chan; Chen, Huiling; Xu, Ying] DOE BioEnergy Sci Ctr BESC, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Computat Syst Biol Lab, 120 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM xyn@bmb.uga.edu RI Yin, Yanbin/C-9788-2010; Zhou, Fengfeng/A-8932-2008; ZHOU, Chan/A-7110-2009 OI Yin, Yanbin/0000-0001-7667-881X; Zhou, Fengfeng/0000-0002-8108-6007; ZHOU, Chan/0000-0002-0351-6235 FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science; National Science Foundation [DBI-0354771, ITR-IIS-0407204, DBI-0542119] FX This work is supported in part by the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC) grant from the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science and National Science Foundation (DBI-0354771, ITR-IIS-0407204, DBI-0542119). NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 SI SI BP 209 EP 216 DI 10.1007/s12155-009-9052-z PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 607GT UT WOS:000278487800006 ER PT J AU Shen, H Yin, YB Chen, F Xu, Y Dixon, RA AF Shen, Hui Yin, Yanbin Chen, Fang Xu, Ying Dixon, Richard A. TI A Bioinformatic Analysis of NAC Genes for Plant Cell Wall Development in Relation to Lignocellulosic Bioenergy Production SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE NAM/NAC protein; Transcription factor; Secondary cell wall; Stress tolerance; Biomass; Cellulosic ethanol; Phylogeny ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; DOMAIN TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; LATERAL ROOT DEVELOPMENT; STRESS-RESPONSIVE GENES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; LEAF SENESCENCE; ORYZA-SATIVA; PATTERN-FORMATION; GENOME SEQUENCE; DRAFT SEQUENCE AB NAM, ATAF, and CUC2 (NAC) proteins are encoded by one of the largest plant-specific transcription factor gene families. The functions of many NAC proteins relate to different aspects of lignocellulosic biomass production, and a small group of NAC transcription factors has been characterized as master regulators of plant cell wall development. In the present study, a total of 1,232 NAC protein sequences from 11 different organisms were analyzed by sequence phylogeny based on protein DNA-binding domains. We included eight whole genomes (Arabidopsis, rice, poplar, grape, sorghum, soybean, moss (Physcomitrella patens), and spike moss (Selaginella moellendorffii)) and three not yet fully sequenced genomes (maize, switchgrass, and Medicago truncatula) in our analyses. Ninety-two potential PvNAC genes from switchgrass and 148 PtNAC genes from poplar were identified. The 1,232 NAC proteins were phylogenetically classified into eight subfamilies, each of which was further divided into subgroups according to their tree topology. The phylogenetic subgroups were then grouped into different clades each sharing conserved motif patterns in the C-terminal sequences, and those that may function in plant cell wall development were further identified through motif grouping and gene expression pattern analysis using publicly available microarray data. Our results provide a bioinformatic baseline for further functional analyses of candidate NAC genes for improving cell wall and environmental tolerance traits in the bioenergy crops switchgrass and poplar. C1 [Shen, Hui; Chen, Fang; Dixon, Richard A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Yin, Yanbin; Xu, Ying] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Computat Syst Biol Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Yin, Yanbin; Xu, Ying] Univ Georgia, Inst Bioinformat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Shen, Hui; Yin, Yanbin; Chen, Fang; Xu, Ying; Dixon, Richard A.] Bioenergy Sci Ctr BESC, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Dixon, RA (reprint author), Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, 2510 Sam Noble Pkwy, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. EM xyn@bmb.uga.edu; radixon@noble.org RI Yin, Yanbin/C-9788-2010 OI Yin, Yanbin/0000-0001-7667-881X FU US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Centers through the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science FX This work was supported by grants to RAD and YX from the US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Centers, through the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. NR 78 TC 52 Z9 60 U1 5 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 SI SI BP 217 EP 232 DI 10.1007/s12155-009-9047-9 PG 16 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 607GT UT WOS:000278487800007 ER PT J AU Shen, H Fu, CX Xiao, XR Ray, T Tang, YH Wang, ZY Chen, F AF Shen, Hui Fu, Chunxiang Xiao, Xirong Ray, Tui Tang, Yuhong Wang, Zengyu Chen, Fang TI Developmental Control of Lignification in Stems of Lowland Switchgrass Variety Alamo and the Effects on Saccharification Efficiency SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Alamo switchgrass; Lignin; Cell wall; Biofuel; Cellulosic ethanol; Saccharification ID CELL-WALL DEGRADABILITY; FERULATE CROSS-LINKS; P-COUMARIC ACID; MONOLIGNOL BIOSYNTHESIS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; LIGNIN MODIFICATION; PANICUM-VIRGATUM; DOWN-REGULATION; MAIZE; ALFALFA AB The switchgrass variety Alamo has been chosen for genome sequencing, genetic breeding, and genetic engineering by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (JGI) and the US Department of Energy BioEnergy Science Center. Lignin has been considered as a major obstacle for cellulosic biofuel production from switchgrass biomass. The purpose of this study was to provide baseline information on cell wall development in different parts of developing internodes of tillers of switchgrass cultivar Alamo and evaluate the effect of cell wall properties on biomass saccharification. Cell wall structure, soluble and wall-bound phenolics, and lignin content were analyzed from the top, middle, and bottom parts of internodes at different developmental stages using ultraviolet autofluorescence microscopy, histological staining methods, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The examination of different parts of the developing internodes revealed differences in the stem structure during development, in the levels of free and well-bound phenolic compounds and lignin content, and in lignin pathway-related gene expression, indicating that the monolignol biosynthetic pathway in switchgrass is under complex spatial and temporal control. Our data clearly show that there was a strong negative correlation between overall lignin content and biomass saccharification efficiency. The ester-linked p-CA/FA ratio showed a positive correlation with lignin content and a negative correlation with sugar release. Our data provide baseline information to facilitate genetic modification of switchgrass recalcitrance traits for biofuel production. C1 [Shen, Hui; Ray, Tui; Tang, Yuhong; Chen, Fang] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Fu, Chunxiang; Xiao, Xirong; Wang, Zengyu] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Forage Improvement Div, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Shen, Hui; Xiao, Xirong; Tang, Yuhong; Wang, Zengyu; Chen, Fang] DOE BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Chen, F (reprint author), Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, 2510 Sam Noble Pkwy, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. EM fchen@noble.org FU US Department of Energy BioEnergy Science Center; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science FX We thank Drs. Hiroshi Hisano and Luis Escamilla-Trevino for sharing switchgrass lignin biosynthetic gene sequences, David Huhman and Mohamed Bedair for assistance with MS analysis, and Dr. Richard A. Dixon for useful discussions. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy BioEnergy Science Center. The BioEnergy Science Center is a U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. NR 40 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 SI SI BP 233 EP 245 DI 10.1007/s12155-009-9058-6 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 607GT UT WOS:000278487800008 ER PT J AU Mann, DGJ Labbe, N Sykes, RW Gracom, K Kline, L Swamidoss, IM Burris, JN Davis, M Stewart, CN AF Mann, David G. J. Labbe, Nicole Sykes, Robert W. Gracom, Kristen Kline, Lindsey Swamidoss, Isabella M. Burris, Jason N. Davis, Mark Stewart, C. Neal, Jr. TI Rapid Assessment of Lignin Content and Structure in Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) Grown Under Different Environmental Conditions SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE FTIR; Lignin; PyMBMS; S/G ratio; Cell wall; Recalcitrance ID PYROLYSIS-GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; ELECTROSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GLOBULUS WOOD LIGNIN; CELL-WALL; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; SYRINGYL/GUAIACYL RATIO; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; CELLULOSIC ETHANOL; LOBLOLLY-PINE AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a candidate feedstock in bioenergy, and plant breeding and molecular genetic strategies are being used to improve germplasm. In order to assess these subsequent modifications, baseline biomass compositional data are needed in a relevant variety of environments. In this study, switchgrass cv. Alamo was grown in the field, greenhouse, and growth chamber and harvested into individual leaf and stem tissue components. These components were analyzed with pyrolysis vapor analysis using molecular beam mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, and standard wet chemistry methods to characterize and compare the composition among the different growth environments. The details of lignin content, S/G ratios, and degree of cross-linked lignin are discussed. Multivariate approaches such as projection to latent structures regression found a very strong correlation between the lignin content obtained by standard wet chemistry methods and the two high throughput techniques employed to rapidly assess lignin in potential switchgrass candidates. The models were tested on unknown samples and verified by wet chemistry. The similar lignin content found by the two methods shows that both approaches are capable of determining lignin content in biomass in a matter of minutes. C1 [Labbe, Nicole; Kline, Lindsey; Swamidoss, Isabella M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Fisheries & Wildlife, Forest Prod Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Mann, David G. J.; Burris, Jason N.; Stewart, C. Neal, Jr.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Sykes, Robert W.; Gracom, Kristen; Davis, Mark] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Labbe, N (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Fisheries & Wildlife, Forest Prod Ctr, 2506 Jacob Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM nlabbe@utk.edu OI davis, mark/0000-0003-4541-9852 FU Southeastern Sun Grant Initiative [DOT 0T0S5907G00050]; Bioenergy Science Center (BESC); Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science FX The authors would like to acknowledge Mitra Mazarei and Murali Raghavendra for input on the manuscript. This work was funded by the Southeastern Sun Grant Initiative grant number DOT 0T0S5907G00050 and the Bioenergy Science Center (BESC). BESC is a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. NR 55 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 SI SI BP 246 EP 256 DI 10.1007/s12155-009-9054-x PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 607GT UT WOS:000278487800009 ER PT J AU Xi, YJ Fu, CX Ge, YX Nandakumar, R Hisano, H Bouton, J Wang, ZY AF Xi, Yajun Fu, Chunxiang Ge, Yaxin Nandakumar, Rangaraj Hisano, Hiroshi Bouton, Joseph Wang, Zeng-Yu TI Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Switchgrass and Inheritance of the Transgenes SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Agrobacterium; Biofuel crop; Panicum virgatum; Switchgrass; Transgene inheritance; Transgenic plant ID FESCUE FESTUCA-ARUNDINACEA; GENETIC-TRANSFORMATION; PLANTS; CROP; EXPRESSION; GRASSES; GROWTH; FORAGE; CELLS AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) has been developed into an important biofuel crop. Embryogenic calli induced from caryopses or inflorescences of the lowland switchgrass cultivar Alamo were used for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. A chimeric hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hph) was used as the selectable marker and hygromycin as the selection agent. Embryogenic calli were infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105. Calli resistant to hygromycin were obtained after 5 to 8 weeks of selection. Soil-grown transgenic switchgrass plants were obtained 4 to 5 months after Agrobacterium infection. The transgenic nature of the regenerated plants was demonstrated by PCR, Southern blot hybridization analysis, and GUS staining. T1 progeny were obtained after reciprocal crosses between transgenic and untransformed control plants. Molecular analyses of the T1 progeny revealed various patterns of segregation. Transgene silencing was observed in the progeny with multiple inserts. Interestingly, reversal of the expression of the silenced transgene was found in segregating progeny with a single insert. C1 [Nandakumar, Rangaraj; Hisano, Hiroshi; Wang, Zeng-Yu] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Xi, Yajun] NW A&F Univ, Coll Agr, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Xi, Yajun; Fu, Chunxiang; Ge, Yaxin; Nandakumar, Rangaraj; Hisano, Hiroshi; Bouton, Joseph; Wang, Zeng-Yu] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Forage Improvement Div, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. RP Wang, ZY (reprint author), BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM zywang@noble.org RI Hisano, Hiroshi/E-7172-2012 FU US Department of Agriculture; US Department of Energy Biomass Initiative [2009-10003-05140]; BioEnergy Science Center; Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science; US Government FX We thank Frank Hardin and Jackie Kelly for critical reading of the manuscript. The work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture and US Department of Energy Biomass Initiative (project no. 2009-10003-05140), the BioEnergy Science Center, and the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation. The BioEnergy Science Center is supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. This report was prepared as an account of work partly sponsored by the US Government. Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the US Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of the authors expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof. NR 31 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 SI SI BP 275 EP 283 DI 10.1007/s12155-009-9049-7 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 607GT UT WOS:000278487800012 ER PT J AU Rothganger, FH Anastasio, TJ AF Rothganger, Fredrick H. Anastasio, Thomas J. TI Using input minimization to train a cerebellar model to simulate regulation of smooth pursuit SO BIOLOGICAL CYBERNETICS LA English DT Review DE Cerebellum; Smooth pursuit; Computational model; Learning ID LONG-TERM DEPRESSION; COMPLEX SPIKE ACTIVITY; FRONTAL EYE FIELD; OCULAR FOLLOWING RESPONSES; RETICULARIS TEGMENTI PONTIS; CLIMBING FIBER RESPONSES; PURKINJE-CELL ACTIVITY; ALERT MONKEY; 2-DIMENSIONAL TRAJECTORIES; VENTRAL PARAFLOCCULUS AB Cerebellar learning appears to be driven by motor error, but whether or not error signals are provided by climbing fibers (CFs) remains a matter of controversy. Here we show that a model of the cerebellum can be trained to simulate the regulation of smooth pursuit eye movements by minimizing its inputs from parallel fibers (PFs), which carry various signals including error and efference copy. The CF spikes act as "learn now" signals. The model can be trained to simulate the regulation of smooth pursuit of visual objects following circular or complex trajectories and provides insight into how Purkinje cells might encode pursuit parameters. In minimizing both error and efference copy, the model demonstrates how cerebellar learning through PF input minimization (InMin) can make movements more accurate and more efficient. An experimental test is derived that would distinguish InMin from other models of cerebellar learning which assume that CFs carry error signals. C1 [Anastasio, Thomas J.] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Urbana, IL 61822 USA. [Anastasio, Thomas J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mol & Integrat Physiol, Urbana, IL 61822 USA. [Rothganger, Fredrick H.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Anastasio, TJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Urbana, IL 61822 USA. EM frothga@sandia.gov; tja@illinois.edu NR 108 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-1200 J9 BIOL CYBERN JI Biol. Cybern. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 101 IS 5-6 BP 339 EP 359 DI 10.1007/s00422-009-0340-7 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 524WV UT WOS:000272176000002 PM 19937072 ER PT J AU Buchko, GW Hewitt, SN Napuli, AJ Van Voorhis, WC Myler, PJ AF Buchko, Garry W. Hewitt, Stephen N. Napuli, Alberto J. Van Voorhis, Wesley C. Myler, Peter J. TI Backbone and side chain H-1, C-13, and N-15 NMR assignments for the organic hydroperoxide resistance protein (Ohr) from Burkholderia pseudomallei SO BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS LA English DT Article DE Melioidosis; Infectious diseases; Biological warfare agent; Perdeuterated proteins; Host-pathogen interactions; SSGCID ID SPECTROSCOPY AB Burkholderia pseudomallei is a NIAID Category B microorganism responsible for melioidosis. Here we report backbone and side chain NMR assignments for the 139-residue, homodimeric, organic hydroperoxide resistance protein (Ohr) from this organism. C1 [Buchko, Garry W.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Hewitt, Stephen N.; Napuli, Alberto J.; Van Voorhis, Wesley C.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98185 USA. [Myler, Peter J.] Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. RP Buchko, GW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Mail Stop K8-98,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM garry.buchko@pnl.gov RI Buchko, Garry/G-6173-2015; OI Buchko, Garry/0000-0002-3639-1061; Myler, Peter/0000-0002-0056-0513 FU NIAID under Federal [HHSN272200700057C]; US Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory ( PNNL) FX This research was funded by NIAID under Federal Contract no. HHSN272200700057C and performed primarily at the W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by US Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory ( PNNL). PNNL is operated for the US Department of Energy by Battelle. The authors also thank Dr. Sam Miller ( University of Washington) for kindly providing the B. pseudomallei strain 1710b (Q3JK82) genomic DNA and the entire SSGCID team ( especially Dr. Isabelle Phan (SBRI) for bioinformatics assistance). NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-2718 J9 BIOMOL NMR ASSIGN JI Biomol. NMR Assign. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 IS 2 BP 163 EP 166 DI 10.1007/s12104-009-9165-5 PG 4 WC Biophysics; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Spectroscopy GA 515BY UT WOS:000271442700002 PM 19888681 ER PT J AU Bitra, VSP Womac, AR Igathinathane, C Miu, PI Yang, YCT Smith, DR Chevanan, N Sokhansanj, S AF Bitra, Venkata S. P. Womac, Alvin R. Igathinathane, C. Miu, Petre I. Yang, Yuechuan T. Smith, David R. Chevanan, Nehru Sokhansanj, Shahab TI Direct measures of mechanical energy for knife mill size reduction of switchgrass, wheat straw, and corn stover SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Screen size; Feed rate; Rotor speed; Effective specific energy consumption; Total specific energy consumption ID PERFORMANCE; REQUIREMENTS; BIOMASS AB Lengthy straw/stalk of biomass may not be directly fed into grinders such as hammer mills and disc refiners. Hence, biomass needs to be preprocessed using coarse grinders like a knife mill to allow for efficient feeding in refiner mills without bridging and choking. Size reduction mechanical energy was directly measured for switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.), and corn stover (Zea mays L.) in an instrumented knife mill. Direct power inputs were determined for different knife mill screen openings from 12.7 to 50.8 mm, rotor speeds between 250 and 500 rpm, and mass feed rates from 1 to 11 kg/min. Overall accuracy of power measurement was calculated to be +/- 0.003 kW. Total specific energy (kWh/Mg) was defined as size reduction energy to operate mill with biomass. Effective specific energy was defined as the energy that can be assumed to reach the biomass. The difference is parasitic or no-load energy of mill. Total specific energy for switchgrass, wheat straw, and corn stover chopping increased with knife mill speed, whereas, effective specific energy decreased marginally for switchgrass and increased for wheat straw and corn stover. Total and effective specific energy decreased with an increase in screen size for all the crops studied. Total specific energy decreased with increase in mass feed rate, but effective specific energy increased for switchgrass and wheat straw, and decreased for corn stover at increased feed rate. For knife mill screen size of 25.4 mm and optimum speed of 250 rpm, optimum feed rates were 7.6, 5.8, and 4.5 kg/min for switchgrass, wheat straw, and corn stover, respectively, and the corresponding total specific energies were 7.57, 10.53, and 8.87 kWh/Mg and effective specific energies were 1.27, 1.50, and 0.24 kWh/Mg for switchgrass, wheat straw, and corn stover, respectively. Energy utilization ratios were calculated as 16.8%, 14.3%, and 2.8% for switchgrass, wheat straw, and corn stover, respectively. These data will be useful for preparing the feed material for subsequent fine grinding operations and designing new mills. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bitra, Venkata S. P.; Womac, Alvin R.; Miu, Petre I.; Yang, Yuechuan T.; Smith, David R.; Chevanan, Nehru] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Igathinathane, C.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Sokhansanj, Shahab] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Womac, AR (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, 2506 EJ Chapman Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM awomac@utk.edu OI Cannayen, Igathinathane/0000-0001-8884-7959 FU USDA-DOE Biomass Research and Development Initiative [DE-PA36-046094002]; Southeast Sun Grant Center FX This research was supported in part by USDA-DOE Biomass Research and Development Initiative DE-PA36-046094002 and DOE funding through the Southeast Sun Grant Center. NR 26 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 100 IS 24 BP 6578 EP 6585 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.07.069 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 498NK UT WOS:000270147700060 PM 19683916 ER PT J AU Shen, E Hong, TZ AF Shen, Eric Hong, Tianzhen TI Simulation-based assessment of the energy savings benefits of integrated control in office buildings SO BUILDING SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE daylighting; energy conservation; energy management systems; energy efficiency; energy consumption; lighting control systems AB The purpose of this study is to use existing simulation tools to quantify the energy savings benefits of integrated control in office buildings. An EnergyPlus medium office benchmark simulation model (V1.0_3.0) developed by the Department of Energy (DOE) was used as a baseline model for this study. The baseline model was modified to examine the energy savings benefits of three possible control strategies compared to a benchmark case across 16 DOE climate zones. Two controllable subsystems were examined: (1) dimming of electric lighting, and (2) controllable window transmission. Simulation cases were run in EnergyPlus V3.0.0 for building window-to-wall ratios (WWR) of 33% and 66%. All three strategies employed electric lighting dimming resulting in lighting energy savings in building perimeter zones ranging from 64% to 84%. Integrated control of electric lighting and window transmission resulted in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) energy savings ranging from -1% to 40%. Control of electric lighting and window transmission with HVAC integration (seasonal schedule of window transmission control) resulted in HVAC energy savings ranging from 3% to 43%. HVAC energy savings decreased moving from warm climates to cold climates and increased when moving from humid, to dry, to marine climates. C1 [Shen, Eric] Philips Res N Amer, Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510 USA. [Hong, Tianzhen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shen, E (reprint author), Philips Res N Amer, 345 Scarborough Rd, Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510 USA. EM e.shen@philips.com RI Hong, Tianzhen/D-3256-2013 NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 16 PU TSINGHUA UNIV PRESS PI BEIJING PA TSINGHUA UNIV, RM A703, XUEYAN BLDG, BEIJING, 10084, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1996-3599 J9 BUILD SIMUL-CHINA JI Build. Simul. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 BP 239 EP 251 DI 10.1007/S12273-009-9126-z PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA V16RJ UT WOS:000207886400001 ER PT J AU Hurrell, J Meehl, GA Bader, D Delworth, TL Kirtman, B Wielicki, B AF Hurrell, James Meehl, Gerald A. Bader, David Delworth, Thomas L. Kirtman, Ben Wielicki, Bruce TI A UNIFIED MODELING APPROACH TO CLIMATE SYSTEM PREDICTION SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID WEATHER PREDICTION; VARIABILITY; ENSEMBLE; ENSO; PREDICTABILITY; PRECIPITATION; SIMULATION; ATMOSPHERE; MECHANISM; FRAMEWORK C1 [Hurrell, James] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate Anal Sect, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Bader, David] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Delworth, Thomas L.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [Kirtman, Ben] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Kirtman, Ben] Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Calverton, MD USA. [Wielicki, Bruce] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Hurrell, J (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate Anal Sect, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM jhurrell@ucar.edu RI Bader, David/H-6189-2011; Delworth, Thomas/C-5191-2014 OI Bader, David/0000-0003-3210-339X; NR 55 TC 75 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 90 IS 12 BP 1819 EP 1832 DI 10.1175/2009BAMS2752.1 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 546SJ UT WOS:000273831400005 ER PT J AU Weaver, CP Liang, XZ Zhu, J Adams, PJ Amar, P Avise, J Caughey, M Chen, J Cohen, RC Cooter, E Dawson, JP Gilliam, R Gilliland, A Goldstein, AH Grambsch, A Grano, D Guenther, A Gustafson, WI Harley, RA He, S Hemming, B Hogrefe, C Huang, HC Hunt, SW Jacob, DJ Kinney, PL Kunkel, K Lamarque, JF Lamb, B Larkin, NK Leung, LR Liao, KJ Lin, JT Lynn, BH Manomaiphiboon, K Mass, C McKenzie, D Mickley, LJ O'Neill, SM Nolte, C Pandis, SN Racherla, PN Rosenzweig, C Russell, AG Salathe, E Steiner, AL Tagaris, E Tao, Z Tonse, S Wiedinmyer, C Williams, A Winner, DA Woo, JH Wu, S Wuebbles, DJ AF Weaver, C. P. Liang, X. -Z. Zhu, J. Adams, P. J. Amar, P. Avise, J. Caughey, M. Chen, J. Cohen, R. C. Cooter, E. Dawson, J. P. Gilliam, R. Gilliland, A. Goldstein, A. H. Grambsch, A. Grano, D. Guenther, A. Gustafson, W. I. Harley, R. A. He, S. Hemming, B. Hogrefe, C. Huang, H. -C. Hunt, S. W. Jacob, D. J. Kinney, P. L. Kunkel, K. Lamarque, J. -F. Lamb, B. Larkin, N. K. Leung, L. R. Liao, K. -J. Lin, J. -T. Lynn, B. H. Manomaiphiboon, K. Mass, C. McKenzie, D. Mickley, L. J. O'Neill, S. M. Nolte, C. Pandis, S. N. Racherla, P. N. Rosenzweig, C. Russell, A. G. Salathe, E. Steiner, A. L. Tagaris, E. Tao, Z. Tonse, S. Wiedinmyer, C. Williams, A. Winner, D. A. Woo, J. -H. Wu, S. Wuebbles, D. J. TI A PRELIMINARY SYNTHESIS OF MODELED CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON US REGIONAL OZONE CONCENTRATIONS SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; AIR-QUALITY; SURFACE OZONE; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS; FUTURE CLIMATE; URBAN AREAS; EMISSIONS; TEMPERATURE; SENSITIVITY C1 [Weaver, C. P.; Cooter, E.; Gilliam, R.; Gilliland, A.; Grambsch, A.; Grano, D.; Hemming, B.; Hunt, S. W.; Nolte, C.; Winner, D. A.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Liang, X. -Z.; Zhu, J.; Caughey, M.; Kunkel, K.; Lin, J. -T.; Tao, Z.; Williams, A.; Wuebbles, D. J.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Adams, P. J.; Dawson, J. P.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Amar, P.; He, S.] NE States Coordinated Air Use Management, Boston, MA USA. [Avise, J.] Calif Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA USA. [Chen, J.] Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Cohen, R. C.; Goldstein, A. H.; Harley, R. A.; Steiner, A. L.; Tonse, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Guenther, A.; Lamarque, J. -F.; Wiedinmyer, C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Gustafson, W. I.; Leung, L. R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Hogrefe, C.] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Huang, H. -C.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Lin, J. -T.; Mickley, L. J.; Wu, S.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kinney, P. L.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Lamb, B.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Larkin, N. K.; McKenzie, D.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Liao, K. -J.; Manomaiphiboon, K.; Russell, A. G.; Tagaris, E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Lynn, B. H.] Weather It Is Ltd, Efrat, Israel. [Mass, C.; Salathe, E.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [O'Neill, S. M.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Portland, OR USA. [Pandis, S. N.] Univ Patras, Rion, Greece. [Racherla, P. N.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion, Crete, Greece. [Rosenzweig, C.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Woo, J. -H.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Kunkel, K.] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA. RP Weaver, CP (reprint author), US EPA, 8601-P,1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM weaver.chris@epamail.epa.gov RI Adams, Peter/D-7134-2013; Guenther, Alex/B-1617-2008; Harley, Robert/C-9177-2016; Weaver, Christopher/G-3714-2010; Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011; Cohen, Ronald/A-8842-2011; Pandis, Spyros/D-3680-2013; Steiner, Allison/F-4942-2011; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/L-2313-2014; Gustafson, William/A-7732-2008; Lin, Jintai/A-8872-2012; Mickley, Loretta/D-2021-2012; Tao, Zhining/E-1432-2012; Nolte, Christopher/H-4345-2012; Kinney, Patrick/H-7914-2012; Kunkel, Kenneth/C-7280-2015 OI Adams, Peter/0000-0003-0041-058X; Guenther, Alex/0000-0001-6283-8288; Harley, Robert/0000-0002-0559-1917; Pandis, Spyros/0000-0001-8085-9795; Chen, Jack/0000-0002-3764-1149; Weaver, Christopher/0000-0003-4016-5451; Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896; Cohen, Ronald/0000-0001-6617-7691; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-4225-5074; Gustafson, William/0000-0001-9927-1393; Lin, Jintai/0000-0002-2362-2940; Mickley, Loretta/0000-0002-7859-3470; Tao, Zhining/0000-0003-0608-712X; Nolte, Christopher/0000-0001-5224-9965; Kunkel, Kenneth/0000-0001-6667-7047 FU EPA's National Center for Environmental Research FX The authors wish to thank the three anonymous reviewers whose comments helped lead to a significantly improved paper. In addition, CPW wishes to thank members of the Global Change Assessment staff in the National Center for Environmental Assessment for its many helpful discussions and comments throughout the development of this paper. As stated in the text, much of the research synthesized here was funded through the STAR grant program of EPA's National Center for Environmental Research. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, the Illinois State Water Survey, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, or any of the other institutions with which the authors are affiliated. NR 70 TC 93 Z9 94 U1 5 U2 59 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 90 IS 12 BP 1843 EP 1863 DI 10.1175/2009BAMS2568.1 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 546SJ UT WOS:000273831400007 ER PT J AU Pasyanos, ME Walter, WR Matzel, EM AF Pasyanos, Michael E. Walter, William R. Matzel, Eric M. TI A Simultaneous Multiphase Approach to Determine P-Wave and S-Wave Attenuation of the Crust and Upper Mantle SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SURROUNDING REGIONS; ARABIAN PENINSULA; LG ATTENUATION; MIDDLE-EAST; PROPAGATION; EURASIA; MODEL; PLATEAU; BENEATH; AFRICA AB We have generalized the methodology of our regional amplitude tomography from the Lg phase to the four primary regional phases (Pn, Pg, Sn, Lg). Differences in the geometrical spreading, source term, site term, and travel paths are accounted for, while event source parameters such as seismic moment are consistent among phases. In the process, we have developed the first comprehensive regional P-wave and S-wave attenuation model of the crust and upper mantle by simultaneously using the amplitudes of four regional phases. When applied to an area encompassing the Middle East, eastern Europe, western Asia, south Asia, and northeast Africa for the 1-2 Hz passband, we find large differences in the attenuation of the lithosphere across the region. The tectonic Tethys collision zone has high attenuation, while stable outlying regions have low attenuation. While crust and mantle Q variations are often consistent, we do find several notable areas where they differ considerably but are appropriate given the region's tectonic history. Lastly, the relative values of Qp and Qs indicate that scattering Q is likely the dominant source of attenuation in the crust at these frequencies. C1 [Pasyanos, Michael E.; Walter, William R.; Matzel, Eric M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Pasyanos, ME (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave L-046,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI GEOFON, GlobalSeismicNetwork/E-4273-2012; Pasyanos, Michael/C-3125-2013; Walter, William/C-2351-2013; Matzel, Eric/K-2571-2014 OI Walter, William/0000-0002-0331-0616; FU U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; LLNL [LLNL-JRNL-410961] FX We thank Doug Dodge and Mike Ganzberger for the regional bodywave amplitude processor tool; Artie Rodgers and Rengin Gok for their efforts providing seismic data; Stan Ruppert and Terri Hauk for maintaining our seismic database; and Flori Ryall for her regional picks. We thank editor Robert Nowack, reviewer Xiaoning (David) Yang, and an anonymous reviewer for their comments. This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This is LLNL contribution LLNL-JRNL-410961. NR 35 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 6 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 99 IS 6 BP 3314 EP 3325 DI 10.1785/0120090061 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 523MA UT WOS:000272076500016 ER PT J AU Buchanan, RA Skalski, JR McMichael, GA AF Buchanan, Rebecca A. Skalski, John R. McMichael, Geoffrey A. TI Differentiating mortality from delayed migration in subyearling fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID JUVENILE LIFE-HISTORY; SNAKE RIVER-BASIN; SURVIVAL AB A total of 1154 acoustic-tagged subyearling fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were monitored during their movement through Lower Monumental Reservoir, Snake River, Washington, USA. A release-recapture design was developed to partition their fates into migration, delayed migration (i.e., holdover or temporary residualization), and mortality using a series of standard detection arrays augmented with individual intrareach autonomous receivers. The standard detection arrays were used in conjunction with traditional release-recapture models to estimate the joint probabilities of migrating and surviving through the reservoir. Closed population estimators were used to estimate the abundance of tagged fish still alive in the river reaches and to differentiate mortality from delayed migration. Over the course of the study from 15 August to 14 November 2007, delayed migration rates increased and mortality rates generally declined. A minimum of 10.6% of the fish were estimated to have delayed migration in the reservoir during the study period. C1 [Buchanan, Rebecca A.; Skalski, John R.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [McMichael, Geoffrey A.] Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Buchanan, RA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, 1325 4th Ave,Suite 1820, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM rabuchan@u.washington.edu OI Skalski, John/0000-0002-7070-2505 FU US Army Corps of Engineers, Walla Walla District, Walla Walla, Washington [W912EF-07-C-0022]; Battelle's Pacific Northwest Division; NOAA Fisheries; Cascade Aquatics; University of Washington FX This work was supported by the US Army Corps of Engineers, Walla Walla District, Walla Walla, Washington, under contract W912EF-07-C-0022. We thank the technical lead on this project for the Army Corps, Ann Setter, for clearly defining the research questions and providing the funding to conduct this work. We also thank the numerous people from Battelle's Pacific Northwest Division, NOAA Fisheries, Cascade Aquatics, and the University of Washington who contributed to the success of this project, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on a previous draft of this manuscript. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 66 IS 12 BP 2243 EP 2255 DI 10.1139/F09-154 PG 13 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 541MG UT WOS:000273419200016 ER PT J AU Jubert, C Mata, J Bench, G Dashwood, R Pereira, C Tracewell, W Turteltaub, K Williams, D Bailey, G AF Jubert, Carole Mata, John Bench, Graham Dashwood, Roderick Pereira, Cliff Tracewell, William Turteltaub, Kenneth Williams, David Bailey, George TI Effects of Chlorophyll and Chlorophyllin on Low-Dose Aflatoxin B-1 Pharmacokinetics in Human Volunteers SO CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MULTIORGAN CARCINOGENESIS; CHEMOPREVENTION TRIAL; BIOCHEMICAL SAMPLES; DIETARY AFLATOXIN; RAINBOW-TROUT; LIVER-CANCER; RAT; INDIVIDUALS; ADDUCTS AB Chlorophyll (Chla) and chlorophyllin (CHL) were shown previously to reduce carcinogen bioavailability, biomarker damage, and tumorigenicity in trout and rats. These findings were partially extended to humans, where CHL reduced excretion of aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1))-DNA repair products in Chinese unavoidably exposed to dietary AFB(1). However, neither AFB(1) pharmacokinetics nor Chla effects were examined. We conducted an unblinded crossover study to establish AFB(1) pharmacokinetic parameters among four human volunteers, and to explore possible effects of CHL or Chla cotreatment in three of those volunteers. For protocol 1, fasted subjects received an Institutional Review Board-approved dose of 14C-AFB(1) (30 ng, 5 nCi) by capsule with 100 mL water, followed by normal eating and drinking after 2 hours. Blood and cumulative urine samples were collected over 72 hours, and 14C-AFB(1) equivalents were determined by accelerator mass spectrometry. Protocols 2 and 3 were similar except capsules also contained 150 mg of purified Chla or CHL, respectively. Protocols were repeated thrice for each volunteer. The study revealed rapid human AFB(1) uptake (plasma k(a), 5.05 +/- 1.10 h(-1); T-max, 1.0 hour) and urinary elimination (95% complete by 24 hours) kinetics. Chla and CHL treatment each significantly impeded AFB(1) absorption and reduced Cmax and AUCs (plasma and urine) in one or more subjects. These initial results provide AFB(1) pharmacokinetic parameters previously unavailable for humans, and suggest that Chla or CHL co-consumption may limit the bioavailability of ingested aflatoxin in humans, as they do in animal models. C1 [Jubert, Carole; Dashwood, Roderick; Williams, David; Bailey, George] Oregon State Univ, Linus Pauling Inst, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Dashwood, Roderick; Pereira, Cliff; Williams, David; Bailey, George] Oregon State Univ, Environm Hlth Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bench, Graham; Turteltaub, Kenneth] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Tracewell, William] Cephalon Inc, W Chester, PA USA. RP Bailey, G (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Linus Pauling Inst, 435 Weniger Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM george.bailey@oregonstate.edu RI Dashwood, Roderick/E-9090-2011 FU National Cancer Institute [CA090890, CA65525]; NIEHS [P50 ES00210, ES03850]; USANA Health Sciences, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NIH's National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program [P41 RR013461] FX National Cancer Institute grants CA090890 and CA65525, NIEHS grants P50 ES00210 and ES03850, and by funding from USANA Health Sciences, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT. AMS analysis was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract no. DE-AC52-07NA27344 and was supported by NIH's National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program (P41 RR013461). NR 37 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1940-6207 J9 CANCER PREV RES JI Cancer Prev. Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 12 BP 1015 EP 1022 DI 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-09-0099 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 528TM UT WOS:000272469900004 PM 19952359 ER PT J AU Ozcan, S Tezcan, J Filip, P AF Ozcan, Soydan Tezcan, Jale Filip, Peter TI Microstructure and elastic properties of individual components of C/C composites SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CARBON-FIBERS; PYROCARBON; STRENGTH; FRICTION; NANOINDENTATION; PERFORMANCE; PARAMETERS; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE AB Carbon fiber reinforced carbon matrix (C/C) composites are often used for structural and frictional applications at a wide range of temperatures due to their excellent mechanical and thermal properties. Tailoring of mechanical properties through optimization of microstructure is critical for achieving maximum composite performance. This article addresses the evolution of the fiber and matrix microstructure and related nano-mechanical properties in two different C/C composites after being subjected to heat treatment at temperatures between 1800 and 2400 degrees C. Microstructure and corresponding nano-mechanical properties of C/C composites were studied using Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and nanoindentation techniques. Increased heat treatment temperature (HTT) led to formation of a better-organized microstructure of fiber and matrix and also to formation of thermal cracks. The elastic modulus of rough laminar CVI pyrocarbon decreased from 18 to 12 GPa with increased HTT. in contrast, the isotropic CVI pyrocarbon and charred resin matrix displayed only a slight change of elastic modulus. The elastic modulus of PAN fiber increased from 18 to 34 GPa, indicating the development of a better-organized microstructure in the fiber-axial direction. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Tezcan, Jale] So Illinois Univ, Ctr Adv Frict Studies, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Ozcan, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ozcans@ornl.gov OI Ozcan, Soydan/0000-0002-3825-4589 FU National Science Foundation [EEC 3369523372]; US Department of Energy [DEFG02-91-ER45439] FX This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation (Grant EEC 3369523372), State of Illinois and a consortium of 11 industrial partners of Center for Advanced Friction Studies (http://frictioncenter.engr.siu.edu). The authors acknowledge Mr. Bijay Gurung for his help on nanoindentation studies, and Drs. John Bozzola and Steve Schmitt at Microimaging and Analysis Center at Southern Illinois University for assisting with the microscopy studies. The high-resolution TEM characterization was carried out at the Center for Microanalysis of Materials, University of Illinois, which is partially supported by the US Department of Energy under Grant DEFG02-91-ER45439. NR 40 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD DEC PY 2009 VL 47 IS 15 BP 3403 EP 3414 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2009.07.057 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 514FH UT WOS:000271379200003 ER PT J AU Kurpinski, K Chu, J Wang, DJ Li, S AF Kurpinski, Kyle Chu, Julia Wang, Daojing Li, Song TI Proteomic Profiling of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Responses to Mechanical Strain and TGF-beta 1 SO CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Proteomics; Uniaxial cyclic strain; Micropatterning; Gene expression; Differentiation; Smooth muscle cells; Cell engineering ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; TGF-BETA; COLLAGEN-SYNTHESIS; PROGENITOR CELLS; IN-VITRO; MARROW; DIFFERENTIATION; BETA-IG-H3; ADHESION AB Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a potential source of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) for constructing tissue-engineered vascular grafts. However, the details of how specific combinations of vascular microenvironmental factors regulate MSCs are not well understood. Previous studies have suggested that both mechanical stimulation with uniaxial cyclic strain and chemical stimulation with transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) can induce smooth muscle markers in MSCs. In this study, we investigated the combined effects of uniaxial cyclic strain and TGF-beta 1 stimulation on MSCs. By using a proteomic analysis, we found differential regulation of several proteins and genes, such as the up-regulation of TGF-beta 1-induced protein ig-h3 (BGH3) protein levels by TGF-beta 1 and up-regulation of calponin 3 protein level by cyclic strain. At the gene expression level, BGH3 was induced by TGF-beta 1, but calponin 3 was not significantly regulated by mechanical strain or TGF-beta 1, which was in contrast to the synergistic up-regulation of calponin 1 gene expression by cyclic strain and TGF-beta 1. Further experiments with cycloheximide treatment suggested that the up-regulation of calponin 3 by cyclic strain was at post-transcriptional level. The results in this study suggest that both mechanical stimulation and TGF-beta 1 signaling play unique and important roles in the regulation of MSCs at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and that a precise combination of microenvironmental cues may promote MSC differentiation. C1 [Chu, Julia; Li, Song] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kurpinski, Kyle; Li, Song] Univ Calif Berkeley, Joint Grad Program Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kurpinski, Kyle; Li, Song] UC San Francisco, Berkeley, CA USA. [Wang, Daojing] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Li, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, B108A Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM song_li@berkeley.edu FU NIH [HL079419, HL078534, HL083900] FX We thank Drs. Jerry Shen and Jian Liao at Applied Biomics Inc. for their help in 2D- DIGE analysis. This work was supported in part by grants HL079419, HL078534 and HL083900 from NIH. NR 25 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1865-5025 J9 CELL MOL BIOENG JI Cell. Mol. Bioeng. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 BP 606 EP 614 DI 10.1007/s12195-009-0090-6 PG 9 WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Cell Biology; Biophysics GA 531MW UT WOS:000272671600013 PM 20037637 ER PT J AU Wada, M Heux, L Nishiyama, Y Langan, P AF Wada, Masahisa Heux, Laurent Nishiyama, Yoshiharu Langan, Paul TI The structure of the complex of cellulose I with ethylenediamine by X-ray crystallography and cross-polarization/magic angle spinning C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE X-ray crystallography; NMR; Cellulose; Ethylenediamine ID NEUTRON FIBER DIFFRACTION; HYDROGEN-BONDING SYSTEM; TEMPO-MEDIATED OXIDATION; LIQUID-AMMONIA TREATMENT; SOLID-STATE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NATIVE CELLULOSES; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION AB X-ray crystallographic and cross-polarization/magic angle spinning C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance techniques have been used to study an ethylenediamine (EDA)-cellulose I complex, a transient structure in the cellulose I to cellulose IIII conversion. The crystal structure (space group P2 (1) ; a = 4.546 , b = 11.330 , c = 10.368 and gamma = 94.017A degrees) corresponds to a one-chain unit cell with one glucosyl residue in the asymmetric unit, a gt conformation for the hydroxymethyl group, and one EDA molecule per glucosyl residue. Unusually, there are no O-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds between the cellulose chains; the chains are arranged in hydrophobic stacks, stabilized by hydrogen bonds to the amine groups of bridging EDA molecules. This new structure is an example of a complex in which the cellulose chains are isolated from each other, and provides a number of insights into the structural pathway followed during the conversion of cellulose I to cellulose IIII through EDA treatment. C1 [Langan, Paul] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wada, Masahisa] Univ Tokyo, Dept Biomat Sci, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. [Heux, Laurent; Nishiyama, Yoshiharu] Joseph Fourier Univ Grenoble, Ctr Rech Macromol Vegetales, CNRS, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. RP Langan, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM langan_paul@lanl.gov RI Nishiyama, Yoshiharu/A-3492-2012; Langan, Paul/N-5237-2015 OI Nishiyama, Yoshiharu/0000-0003-4069-2307; Langan, Paul/0000-0002-0247-3122 FU Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research [18780131]; French Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the Department of Energy; National Institutes of Health [1R01GM071939-01]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [20080001DR] FX We thank beam line BL38B1 at the SPring-8, Japan, for use of facilities. MW was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (18780131). This study was partly funded by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche. PL was supported in part by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the Department of Energy, a grant from the National Institute of Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (1R01GM071939-01), and a Laboratory Directed Research and Development grant from Los Alamos National Laboratory (20080001DR). NR 48 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD DEC PY 2009 VL 16 IS 6 BP 943 EP 957 DI 10.1007/s10570-009-9338-5 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 527NK UT WOS:000272373600001 ER PT J AU Graja, A Olejniczak, I Barszcz, B Schlueter, JA AF Graja, Andrzej Olejniczak, Iwona Barszcz, Boleslaw Schlueter, John A. TI Vibrational spectra of two BEDT-TTF-based organic conductors: charge order SO CENTRAL EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article CT 2nd International Conference on Functional Materials and Devices CY JUN 16-19, 2008 CL Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA DE organic conductors; BEDT-TTF; tunable anions; crystal organization; infrared and Raman studies ID BIS(ETHYLENEDITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE; CRYSTAL; ANIONS; CHFCF2; CH2CF2 AB Infrared and Raman investigations of two phases of bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF) based organic conductors with the same CF(3)CF(2)SO(3)(-) anion: beta'-(BEDT-TTF)(2)CF(3)CF(2)SO(3) and delta'-(BEDT-TTF)(2)CF(3)CF(2)SO(3), are shortly reviewed and compared with the most typical infrared properties of the family of (BEDT-TTF)(2)RR'SO(3) organic conductors, where R = SF(5), CF(3), and R' are CH(2), CF(2), CHF, CHFCF(2), and CH(2)CF(2). The role of the molecular structur and spatial organization of the counterions is discussed. C1 [Graja, Andrzej; Olejniczak, Iwona; Barszcz, Boleslaw] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Mol Phys, PL-60179 Poznan, Poland. [Schlueter, John A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Graja, A (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Mol Phys, PL-60179 Poznan, Poland. EM graja@ifmpan.poznan.pl RI Barszcz, Boleslaw/N-3927-2014 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU VERSITA PI WARSAW 41 PA 9 DRUGA POPRZECNA ST, 04-604 WARSAW 41, POLAND SN 1895-1082 J9 CENT EUR J PHYS JI Cent. Eur. J. Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 7 IS 4 BP 663 EP 667 DI 10.2478/s11534-008-0164-4 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 474PG UT WOS:000268295800003 ER PT J AU Wang, W Hadfield, M Wereszczak, AA AF Wang, Wei Hadfield, Mark Wereszczak, Andrew A. TI Surface strength of silicon nitride in relation to rolling contact performance SO CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Rolling contact; Ceramics; Silicon nitride; Surface strength; Flexure strength ID FATIGUE FAILURE AB Silicon nitride material has been traditionally used as bearing material due to its superior performance against bearing steel. Its successful application as a bearing element has led to the development of rolling contact applications in turbomachinery and automotive industries. In the case of latter, this is especially true for the engine manufacturing industry where its excellent rolling contact performance can make significant savings on warranty cost for engine manufactures. In spite of these advantages, the remaining limitation for their broader application is the high component machining cost. Further understanding of rolling contact performance of silicon nitride in relation to its surface integrity will enable engine manufacturers to produce components that meet the design requirements while at the same time reduce the machining cost. In the present study, the relationship between the C-sphere strength of a silicon nitride and its rolling contact fatigue life is investigated. The C-sphere test is used here to compare the strengths of three batches of sintered reaction-bonded silicon nitride (SRBSN) specimens with different subsurface quality induced by variation of machining parameters. In parallel, the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) performance of those machining conditions is studied on a modified four-ball tester. The results show that the most aggressively machined specimens have the weakest C-sphere strength and the shortest RCF life. This positive relationship can give component manufacturers a valuable reference when they make selections of candidate material and finishing standards. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Wei; Hadfield, Mark] Bournemouth Univ, Sch Design Engn & Comp, Poole BH12 5BB, Dorset, England. [Wereszczak, Andrew A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hadfield, M (reprint author), Bournemouth Univ, Sch Design Engn & Comp, Poole BH12 5BB, Dorset, England. EM mhadfield@bournemouth.ac.uk RI Wereszczak, Andrew/I-7310-2016 OI Wereszczak, Andrew/0000-0002-8344-092X FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory in United States FX The authors wish to acknowledge Oak Ridge National Laboratory in United States for funding this project, and ETC in Brunel University in United Kingdom for help on SEM examination. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0272-8842 J9 CERAM INT JI Ceram. Int. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 35 IS 8 BP 3339 EP 3346 DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2009.05.034 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 514BJ UT WOS:000271368100051 ER PT J AU Rycroft, CH AF Rycroft, Chris H. TI VORO plus plus : A three-dimensional Voronoi cell library in C plus SO CHAOS LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rycroft, CH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Rycroft, Chris/0000-0003-4677-6990 NR 1 TC 177 Z9 177 U1 3 U2 27 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD DEC PY 2009 VL 19 IS 4 AR 041111 DI 10.1063/1.3215722 PG 1 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA V15XE UT WOS:000207833900010 PM 20059195 ER PT J AU Buhlmann, KA Akre, TSB Iverson, JB Karapatakis, D Mittermeier, RA Georges, A Rhodin, AGJ van Dijk, PP Gibbons, JW AF Buhlmann, Kurt A. Akre, Thomas S. B. Iverson, John B. Karapatakis, Deno Mittermeier, Russell A. Georges, Arthur Rhodin, Anders G. J. van Dijk, Peter Paul Gibbons, J. Whitfield TI A Global Analysis of Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Distributions with Identification of Priority Conservation Areas SO CHELONIAN CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Reptilia; Testudines; tortoise; turtle; distribution; species richness; endemism; conservation; global conservation strategies; biodiversity hotspots; high-biodiversity wilderness areas; Ecoregions ID BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; ECOREGIONS; HOTSPOTS; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; GEOEMYDIDAE; DIVERSITY; DECLINE; CUORA; WORLD; LIFE AB There are currently ca. 317 recognized species of turtles and tortoises in the world. Of those that have been assessed on the IUCN Red List, 63% are considered threatened, and 10% are critically endangered, with ca. 42% of all known turtle species threatened. Without directed strategic conservation planning, a significant portion of turtle diversity could be lost over the next century. Toward that conservation effort, we compiled museum and literature occurrence records for all of the world's tortoises and freshwater turtle species to determine their distributions and identify priority regions for conservation. We constructed projected range maps for each species by selecting geographic information system-defined hydrologic unit compartments (HUCs) with verified locality points, and then added HUCs that connected known point localities in the same watershed or physiographic region and that had similar habitats and elevations as the verified HUCs. We analyzed a total of 305 turtle species and assigned each to 1 of 7 geographic regions of the world. Patterns of global turtle species distributions were determined and regional areas of turtle species richness identified. In only 2 areas of the world did as many as 18 or 19 species occur together in individual HUCs. We then compared species distributions with existing global conservation strategies (GCSs) and established biodiversity priority areas. Presence of a species in a GCS was defined as >= 5% its range. Of the 34 biodiversity hotspots, 28 collectively contain the projected ranges of 192 turtle species, with 74 endemic; the 5 high-biodiversity wilderness areas contain 72 species, with 17 endemic; and 16 other wilderness areas contain 52 species, with I endemic. However, 116 turtle species have either < 50% of their ranges in existing GCSs (57 species) or do not occur in them at all (59 species, 19.3%), thus potentially leaving many tortoises and freshwater turtles without any regional GCS. For each of these 116 species we identify a priority Ecoregion for further conservation consideration, and we identify 3 new global Turtle Priority Areas for conservation based on aggregated Ecoregions. These are the Southeastern United States, Lower Gangetic Plain, and Coastal Australia Turtle Priority Areas. C1 [Buhlmann, Kurt A.; Karapatakis, Deno; Gibbons, J. Whitfield] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Akre, Thomas S. B.] Longwood Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Farmville, VA 23909 USA. [Iverson, John B.] Earlham Coll, Dept Biol, Richmond, IN 47374 USA. [Karapatakis, Deno] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Mittermeier, Russell A.; van Dijk, Peter Paul] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. [Georges, Arthur] Univ Canberra, Inst Appl Ecol Res Grp, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Rhodin, Anders G. J.] Chelonian Res Fdn, Lunenburg, MA 01462 USA. RP Buhlmann, KA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM kbuhlmann@earthlink.net; tsbakre@gmail.com; johni@earlham.edu; deno.karapatakis@srnl.doe.gov; r.mittermeier@conservation.org; Arthur.Georges@canberra.edu.au; RhodinCRF@aol.com; p.vandijk@conservation.org; wgibbons@srel.edu RI Georges, Arthur/D-2153-2009 OI Georges, Arthur/0000-0003-2428-0361 FU Conservation International, Washington, DC/Arlington, Virginia; National Science Foundation, Earlham College [DBI-9807898]; Department of Energy [DE-FC-09-075R22506] FX We wish to thank staff at the GIS Labs of the Center for Applied Biodiversity Science at Conservation International (Rob Waller, Mark Denil) and the Savannah River Laboratory (Jeff Harris, Bess Harris) for assistance at various stages of mapping the distributions of turtles. Ross Kiester provided most of the digitized point localities for this project from the Web site www.emys.geo.orst.edu. Carmen Revenga (The Nature Conservancy), Robin Abell and Michelle Thierne (World Wildlife Fund) provided their new HUC layers for South America, We greatly appreciate critical and helpful peer review by Mike Hoffmann, Jeff Seminoff, Ross Kiester, Bryan Wallace, and Roger Bour. Support for this project was provided by Conservation International, Washington, DC/Arlington, Virginia; the National Science Foundation (DBI-9807898; to JBI), and Earlham College. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FC-09-075R22506 to the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory. Projected range maps for each turtle species are available from the authors. NR 59 TC 70 Z9 76 U1 5 U2 29 PU CHELONIAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LUNENBURG PA 168 GOODRICH ST., LUNENBURG, MA USA SN 1071-8443 J9 CHELONIAN CONSERV BI JI Chelonian Conserv. Biol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 8 IS 2 BP 116 EP 149 DI 10.2744/CCB-0774.1 PG 34 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 542BT UT WOS:000273467000003 ER PT J AU Kadossov, E Justin, J Lu, M Rosenmann, D Ocola, LE Cabrini, S Burghaus, U AF Kadossov, E. Justin, J. Lu, M. Rosenmann, D. Ocola, L. E. Cabrini, S. Burghaus, U. TI Gas-surface interactions with nanocatalysts: Particle size effects in the adsorption dynamics of CO on supported gold clusters SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NANOPARTICLES; NANOCLUSTERS; OXIDATION AB We present evidence that adsorption probabilities (gas-surface adsorption dynamics) of CO depend distinctly on the Au cluster size, with a reactivity maximum at similar to 3 nm. This cluster size is consistent with the legendary reactivity enhancement seen for the CO-oxidation reaction. Electron beam lithography has been used to fabricate some of the samples (down to 12 nm) as well as physical vapor deposition. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 [Kadossov, E.; Justin, J.; Burghaus, U.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Lu, M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Rosenmann, D.; Ocola, L. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cabrini, S.] LBNL, Nanofabricat Facil, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Burghaus, U (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 202 Ladd Hall, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM uwe.burghaus@ndsu.edu FU NSF-CAREER [CHE-0743932]; NDSU; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX Financial support by an NSF-CAREER award (CHE-0743932) is acknowledged by NDSU. Work at the Molecular Foundry (Berkeley), the Center for Nanoscale Materials (Argonne), and the Center for Functional Nanomaterials (Brookhaven) were supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences through Contracts No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02-06CH11357, and DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 11 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 483 IS 4-6 BP 250 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.10.083 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 522PK UT WOS:000272010100013 ER PT J AU Burkert, VD AF Burkert, Volker D. CA CLAS Collaboration TI The N* physics program at Jefferson Lab SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE nucleon resonances; transition form factors; N Delta transition; Roper; magnetic dipole ID TRANSITION FORM-FACTORS; QUARK-MODEL; NUCLEON RESONANCES; ROPER RESONANCE; ELECTROPRODUCTION; BARYONS; QCD; PHOTOPRODUCTION; DECAYS AB Recent measurements of nucleon resonance transition from factors with CLAS at Jefferson Lab are discussed The new data confirm the assertion of the symmetric constituent quark model of the Roper as nucleon The data on high Q(2) n pi(+) production better constrain the branching ration beta(N pi) and beta(N eta). For the first time, the longitudinal transition amplitude to the S-11(1535) was extracted from the n pi(+) data. Also, new results on the transition amplitudes for the D-13(1520) resonance are presented showing a rapid transition from helicity 3/2 dominance seen at the real photon point to helicty 1/2 dominance at higher Q(2). I also discuss the status of the search for new excited nucleon states C1 [Burkert, Volker D.; CLAS Collaboration] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Burkert, VD (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 69 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1043 EP 1050 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200001 ER PT J AU Kamano, H AF Kamano, Hiroyuki TI Study of excited nucleon states at EBAC: status and plans SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE dynamical coupled-channels analysis; meson production reactions; N* pole positions ID RESONANCE REGION; MESON PRODUCTION; MODEL AB We present in overview of a research program for the excited nucleon states in Excited Baryon Analysis Center (EBAC) at Jefferson Lab Current status of our analysis of the meson. production reactions based on the unitary dynamical coupled-channels model is summarized, and the N* pole position extracted from the constructed scattering amplitudes are presented Our plans for future developments are also discussed C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, EBAC, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Kamano, H (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, EBAC, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1077 EP 1084 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200006 ER PT J AU Sato, T Suzuki, N Lee, TSH AF Sato, T. Suzuki, N. Lee, T-S H. TI Extraction of resonance parameters from meson production reaction SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE baryon resonance; meson production reaction; resonance pole ID SCATTERING; SYSTEMS; REGION; POLES; MODEL AB We have developed an analytic continuation met hod for extracting parameters of nucleon resonances within a Hamiltonian formulation of meson-nucleon reactions The method was tested for simple solvable models and then applied for our recent coupled channels model (pi N, eta N, pi Delta, rho N, and sigma N) of the pi N and gamma*N reactions. The resonance pole position,, and their properties are studied for P(33) and P(11) channels. C1 [Sato, T.; Suzuki, N.] Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Suzuki, N.; Lee, T-S H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Sato, T.; Suzuki, N.; Lee, T-S H.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, EBAC, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Sato, T (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5600043, Japan. EM tsato@phys.sciosaka-uacjp; suzuki@kernphyssci.osaka-u.ac.jp; lee@anl.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1140 EP 1145 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200015 ER PT J AU Saghai, B Durand, J Julia-Diaz, B He, J Lee, TSH Sato, T AF Saghai, B. Durand, J. Julia-Diaz, B. He Jun Lee, T. -S. H. Sato, T. TI eta-production on the proton via electromagnetic and hadronic probes SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE multichannel scattering; meson production; baryon resonances ID RELATIVISTIC QUARK-MODEL; PHI-MESON PHOTOPRODUCTION; BARYON RESONANCES; S-11 RESONANCES; CROSS-SECTIONS; MEV-C; DECAYS; PI; NUCLEONS; REGION AB The reactions pi(-)p -> eta n and gamma p -> eta p are investigated within a dynamical coupled-channels model of meson production reactions in the nucleon resonance region The meson-baryon channels included are pi N, pi Delta, sigma N, and rho N The direct eta-photoproduction process is studied within a formalism based on a chiral constituent quark model approach, complemented with a one-gluon-exchange mechanism, to take into account the breakdown of the SU(6)circle times O(3) symmetry In the models search, the following known nucleon resonances are embodied S-11(1535), S-11(1650), P-11(1440), P-11(1710), P-13(1720), D-13(1520), D-13(1700), D-15(1675), and F-15(1680). Data for the pi(-)p -> eta n reaction from threshold up to a total center-of-mass energy of W approximate to 2 GeV are satisfactorily reproduced For the photoproduction channel: two additional higher mass known resonances, P-13(1900) and F-15(2000), are also considered However, reproducing the data for gamma p -> eta p requires, within our approach, two new nucleon resonances, for which we extract, mass and width C1 [Saghai, B.; Durand, J.] CEA Saclay, DSM, Irfu, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Durand, J.; Julia-Diaz, B.; Lee, T. -S. H.; Sato, T.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, EBAC, Newport News, VA 22901 USA. [Julia-Diaz, B.] Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Julia-Diaz, B.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [He Jun] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Lee, T. -S. H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Sato, T.] Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5600043, Japan. RP Saghai, B (reprint author), CEA Saclay, DSM, Irfu, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RI Julia-Diaz, Bruno/E-5825-2010; OI Julia-Diaz, Bruno/0000-0002-0145-6734; He, Jun/0000-0003-3298-6700 NR 77 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1175 EP 1182 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200020 ER PT J AU Chang, L Cloet, IC El-Bennich, B Klahn, T Roberts, CD AF Chang Lei Cloet, Ian C. El-Bennich, Bruno Klahn, Thomas Roberts, Craig D. TI Exploring the light-quark interaction SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE Bethe-Salpeter equations; bound-states; confinement; dynamical chiral symmetry breaking; Dyson-Schwinger equations; Faddeev equation; nucleon electromagnetic form factors ID DYSON-SCHWINGER EQUATIONS; HADRON PHYSICS; SIGMA-TERMS; QCD; CONFINEMENT; NUCLEON; THEOREM; MASSES; MODEL AB Two basic motivations for an upgraded JLab facility arc the needs to determine the essential nature of light-quark confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB); and to understand nucleon structure and spectroscopy in terms of QCD's elementary degrees of freedom During the next, toll year's a programme of experiment and theory will be conducted that call address these questions. We present a Dyson-Schwinger equation perspective on this effort with numerous illustrations; amongst them. an interpretation of string-breaking, a symmetry-preserving truncation for mesons, the nucleon's strangeness sigma-term, and the neutron's charge distribution C1 [Chang Lei; Roberts, Craig D.] Inst Appl Phys & Computat Math, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Cloet, Ian C.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [El-Bennich, Bruno; Klahn, Thomas; Roberts, Craig D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Roberts, Craig D.] Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Chang, L (reprint author), Inst Appl Phys & Computat Math, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-2937-1361 NR 44 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1189 EP 1196 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200022 ER PT J AU Wang, F Chen, XS Lu, XF Sun, WM Goldman, T AF Wang Fan Chen Xiang-Song Lu Xiao-Fu Sun Wei-Min Goldman, T. TI Nucleon internal structure: a new set of quark, gluon momentum, angular momentum operators and parton distribution functions SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE nucleon internal structure; quark-gluon momentum and angular momentum; canonical communication relation; gauge invariance ID GAUGE-INVARIANCE; SPIN AB It is unavoidable to deal with the quark and gluon momentum and angular momentum contributions to the nucleon momentum and spin in the study of nucleon internal structure However we never have the quark and gluon momentum, orbital angular momentum and gluon spin operators which satisfy both the guage invariance and the canonical momentum and angular momentum commutation relation The conflicts between the guage invariance and canonical quantization requirement of these operators are discussed A new set of quark and gluon momentum, orbital angular momentum and spin operators, which satisfy, both the gauge. invariance and canonical momentum and angular momentum commutation relation, are proposed The key point to achieve such a proper decomposition is to separate the gauge field into the pure gauge and the gauge covariant parts The same conflicts also exist in QED and quantum mechanics and have been solved in the same manner The impacts of this new decomposition to the nucleon internal structure are discussed C1 [Wang Fan; Sun Wei-Min] Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. [Wang Fan; Chen Xiang-Song; Sun Wei-Min] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. [Wang Fan; Chen Xiang-Song; Sun Wei-Min] Nanjing Univ, Joint Inst Particle Nucl Phys & Cosmol, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. [Chen Xiang-Song; Lu Xiao-Fu; Goldman, T.] Sichuan Univ, Dept Phys, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China. [Goldman, T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, F (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. EM fgwang@chenwangnjuedu.cn; cxs@scu.educn NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1197 EP 1204 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200023 ER PT J AU Pasyuk, E AF Pasyuk, E. CA CLAS Collaboration TI CLAS plus FROST: new generation of photoproduction experiments at Jefferson Lab. SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE photoproduction; double polarization; baryon resonance ID BREMSSTRAHLUNG; PHOTON AB A large part of the experimental program in Hall B of the Jefferson Lab is dedicated to baryon spectroscopy Photoproduction experiments are essential part of this program CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) and availability of circularly and linearly polarized tagged photon beams provide unique conditions for this type of experiments Recent addition of the Frozen Spin Target (FROST) gives a remarkable opportunity to measure double and triple polarization observables for different pseudo-scalar meson photoproduction processes. For the first time, a complete or nearly complete experiment becomes possible and will allow model independent extraction of the reaction amplitude An overview of the experiment and its current status is presented C1 [Pasyuk, E.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Pasyuk, E (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1205 EP 1209 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200024 ER PT J AU Mokeev, VI Burkert, VD Elouadrhiri, L Fedotov, GV Golovach, EN Ishkhanov, BS AF Mokeev, V. I. Burkert, V. D. Elouadrhiri, L. Fedotov, G. V. Golovach, E. N. Ishkhanov, B. S. TI Recent results on nucleon resonance electrocouplings from the studies of pi(+)pi(-)p electroproduction with the CLAS detector SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE nucleon resonances; electromagnetic form factors; nucleon structure AB Recent results on nucleon resonance studies in pi(+)pi(-)p electro- production off protons with the CLAS detector are presented The analysis of CLAS data allowed us to determine all essential contributing mechanisms, providing it credible separation between resonant and non-resonant parts of the cross sections in a wide kinematical area of invariant masses of the final hadronic system 1.3 < W < 1 8 GeV and photon virtualities 0.2 < Q(2) < 1.5 GeV2 Electrocouplings of several excited proton states with masses less than 1.8 GeV were obtained for the first time from the analysis of pi(+)pi(-)p exclusive electroproduction channel C1 [Mokeev, V. I.; Burkert, V. D.; Elouadrhiri, L.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Mokeev, V. I.; Fedotov, G. V.; Golovach, E. N.; Ishkhanov, B. S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Nucl Phys Inst, Moscow 119899, Russia. [Ishkhanov, B. S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. RP Mokeev, VI (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RI Ishkhanov, Boris/E-1431-2012 NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1210 EP 1215 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200025 ER PT J AU Lee, TSH AF Lee, T-S. H. TI Proceedings of the 12(th) International Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon Summary SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Editorial Material DE PWA; resonance AB A summary of the contributions to this workshop is given. The status and future development of N* physics are discussed. C1 [Lee, T-S. H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lee, T-S. H.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Excited Baryon Anal Ctr, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Lee, TSH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1230 EP 1232 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200028 ER PT J AU Lin, HW AF Lin, Huey-Wen TI Lattice results on nucleon/roper properties SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE nucleon excited spectroscopy; electric and magnetic form factor; transposition form factor ID ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; WILSON FERMIONS; CHIRAL FERMIONS; ROPER RESONANCE; HADRON MASSES; QCD AB In this proceeding, I review the attempts to calculate the Nucleon resonance (including Roper as first radially excited state of nucleon and other excited states) using lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The latest preliminary results from Hadron Spectrum Collaboration (FISC) with m(pi)approximate to 380 MeV are reported. The Sachs electric form factor of the proton and neutron and their transition with the Roper at. large Q(2) are also updated in this work C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Lin, HW (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1238 EP 1243 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200030 ER PT J AU Deur, A AF Deur, A. TI Study of spin sum rules (and the strong coupling constant at large distances) SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE Strong coupling constant; QCD spin sum rules; non-perturbative; commensurate scale relations; Schwinger-Dyson; Lattice QCD; AdS/CFT ID STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS G(1)(P); STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS G(2); QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; MAGNETIC MOMENTS; ASYMMETRY A(2); PROTON; DEUTERON; NUCLEON; NEUTRON AB We present recent results from Jefferson Lab on sum rules related to the spin structure of the nucleon. We then discuss how the Bjorken sum rule with its connection to the Gersinov-Drell-Hearn sum, allows us to conveniently define an effective coupling for the strong force at all distances. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Deur, A (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1261 EP 1266 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200035 ER PT J AU Julia-Diaz, B AF Julia-Diaz, B. TI Single photo and electroproduction of pions at EBAC@JLAB SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE meson electroproduction; helicity amplitudes ID NUCLEON RESONANCE REGION; MESON PRODUCTION; MODEL AB Within the Excited Baryon Analysis Center we have performed a dynamical coupled-channels analysis of the available p(e,e'pi)N data in the region of W <= 1.6 GeV and Q(2) <= 1 45 (GeV/c)(2) The channels included are gamma*N, pi N, eta N, and pi pi N which has pi Delta, rho N, and sigma N components. With the hadronic parameters of the model determined in our previous investigations of pi N ->pi N reaction, we have found that the available data in the considered W <= 1.6 GeV region can be fitted well by only adjusting the bare gamma*N -> N* helicity amplitudes for the lowest N* states in P(33), P(11), S(11) and D(13) partial waves. The meson cloud effect, as required by the unitarity conditions, on the gamma*N -> N* form factors are examined. C1 [Julia-Diaz, B.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Julia-Diaz, B.] Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Julia-Diaz, B.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Excited Baryon Anal Ctr, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Julia-Diaz, B (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RI Julia-Diaz, Bruno/E-5825-2010 OI Julia-Diaz, Bruno/0000-0002-0145-6734 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1296 EP 1301 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200041 ER PT J AU Huang, F Sibirtsev, A Krewald, S Hanhart, C Haidenbauer, J Meissner, UG AF Huang Fei Sibirtsev, A. Krewald, S. Hanhart, C. Haidenbauer, J. Meissner, U-G TI Forward pion-nucleon charge exchange reaction and Regge constraints SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE pion-nucleon interaction; Regge model ID GEV-C; POLARIZATION; SCATTERING; PI-P->PI0N; GEV/C; PI-P->ETAN AB We present our recent study of pion-nucleon charge exchange amplitudes above 2 GeV We analyze the forward pion-nucleon charge exchange reaction data in a Regge model and compare the resulting amplitudes with those from the Karlsruhe-Helsinki and George-Washington-University partial-wave analyses We explore possible high-energy constraints for theoretical baryon resonance analyses in the energy region above 2 GeV. Our results show that for the pion-nucleon charge exchange reaction, the appropriate energy region for matching meson-nucleon dynamics to diffractive scattering should be around 3 GeV for the helicity flip amplitude. C1 [Huang Fei] Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sibirtsev, A.; Meissner, U-G] Univ Bonn, Helmholtz Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Sibirtsev, A.; Meissner, U-G] Univ Bonn, Bethe Ctr Theoret Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Sibirtsev, A.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Excited Baryon Anal Ctr, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Krewald, S.; Hanhart, C.; Haidenbauer, J.; Meissner, U-G] KFA Julich GmbH, Forschungszentrum, Inst Kernphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Krewald, S.; Hanhart, C.; Haidenbauer, J.; Meissner, U-G] KFA Julich GmbH, Forschungszentrum, Julich Ctr Hadron Phys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Krewald, S.; Hanhart, C.; Haidenbauer, J.; Meissner, U-G] KFA Julich GmbH, Forschungszentrum, Inst Adv Simulat, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Huang, F (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM huang@physast.uga.edu RI Huang, Fei/C-4081-2013; OI Huang, Fei/0000-0002-6258-7455; Krewald, Siegfried/0000-0002-8596-8429; Hanhart, Christoph/0000-0002-3509-2473 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1318 EP 1322 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200045 ER PT J AU Salamanca, J Cole, PL AF Salamanca, Julian Cole, Philip L. CA CLAS Collaboration TI phi-meson photoproduction off the protons by using linearly polarized photons in the mid- to higher-t regimes at threshold energies SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleon CY APR 19-22, 2009 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP CAS, Inst High Energy phys, CAS, Theoret Phys Ctr Sci Facilities, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Peking Univ, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, European Phys Journal DE photoproduction of phi-mesons; linearly-polarized photons; polarization observables AB Observables from vector meson photoproduction by linearly-polarized photons can be expressed in term of bilinear combinations of helicity amplitudes parameterized by the Spin Density Matrix Elements (SDMEs). These SDMEs give straightforward relations for understanding the nature of the parity exchange at threshold energies, as well as for extracting signatures of the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka violation. This paper will show preliminary measurements of SDMEs for (gamma) over barp -> phi p in the photon energy range of 1.7 to 1.9 GeV (momentum transfer squared t range of - 1.2 to -0.25 GeV(2)) and 1.9 to 2.1 GeV (t range of -1.4 to -0.25 GeV(2)) from the g8b experimental data collected in the summer of 2005 in the Hall 13 of Jefferson Lab. C1 [Salamanca, Julian; Cole, Philip L.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Phys, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Salamanca, Julian; Cole, Philip L.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Salamanca, J (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Dept Phys, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1349 EP 1353 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 530GM UT WOS:000272577200052 ER PT J AU Peters, GP Marland, G Hertwich, EG Saikku, L Rautiainen, A Kauppi, PE AF Peters, Glen P. Marland, Gregg Hertwich, Edgar G. Saikku, Laura Rautiainen, Aapo Kauppi, Pekka E. TI Trade, transport, and sinks extend the carbon dioxide responsibility of countries: An editorial essay SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION; EUROPEAN FORESTS; CO2; INVENTORIES; MITIGATION; GROWTH AB Globalization and the dynamics of ecosystem sinks need be considered in post-Kyoto climate negotiations as they increasingly affect the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. Currently, the allocation of responsibility for greenhouse gas mitigation is based on territorial emissions from fossil-fuel combustion, process emissions and some land-use emissions. However, at least three additional factors can significantly alter a country's impact on climate from carbon dioxide emissions. First, international trade causes a separation of consumption from production, reducing domestic pollution at the expense of foreign producers, or vice versa. Second, international transportation emissions are not allocated to countries for the purpose of mitigation. Third, forest growth absorbs carbon dioxide and can contribute to both carbon sequestration and climate change protection. Here we quantify how these three factors change the carbon dioxide emissions allocated to China, Japan, Russia, USA, and European Union member countries. We show that international trade can change the carbon dioxide currently allocated to countries by up to 60% and that forest expansion can turn some countries into net carbon sinks. These factors are expected to become more dominant as fossil-fuel combustion and process emissions are mitigated and as international trade and forest sinks continue to grow. Emission inventories currently in wide-spread use help to understand the global carbon cycle, but for long-term climate change mitigation a deeper understanding of the interaction between the carbon cycle and society is needed. Restructuring international trade and investment flows to meet environmental objectives, together with the inclusion of forest sinks, are crucial issues that need consideration in the design of future climate policies. And even these additional issues do not capture the full impact of changes in the carbon cycle on the global climate system. C1 [Peters, Glen P.] CICERO, N-0318 Oslo, Norway. [Marland, Gregg] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Marland, Gregg] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria. [Peters, Glen P.; Hertwich, Edgar G.] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Ind Ecol Programme, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Saikku, Laura; Rautiainen, Aapo; Kauppi, Pekka E.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RP Peters, GP (reprint author), CICERO, N-0318 Oslo, Norway. EM glen.peters@cicero.uio.no RI Peters, Glen/B-1012-2008; Rautiainen, Aapo/C-7076-2011; OI Peters, Glen/0000-0001-7889-8568; Hertwich, Edgar/0000-0002-4934-3421 NR 36 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD DEC PY 2009 VL 97 IS 3-4 BP 379 EP 388 DI 10.1007/s10584-009-9606-2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 522VN UT WOS:000272027500003 ER PT J AU Villalobos, J Lee, G Short, S Chasis, JA AF Villalobos, Jonathan Lee, Gloria Short, Sarah Chasis, Joel Anne TI Role of adhesion molecule ICAM-4 in erythropoiesis SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Villalobos, Jonathan; Lee, Gloria; Short, Sarah; Chasis, Joel Anne] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 IS 18 BP 1856 EP 1856 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 530KE UT WOS:000272588500034 ER PT J AU Hefferan, CM Li, SF Lind, J Lienert, U Rollett, AD Wynblatt, P Suter, RM AF Hefferan, C. M. Li, S. F. Lind, J. Lienert, U. Rollett, A. D. Wynblatt, P. Suter, R. M. TI Statistics of High Purity Nickel Microstructure From High Energy X-ray Diffraction Microscopy SO CMC-COMPUTERS MATERIALS & CONTINUA LA English DT Article DE microstructure; high energy x-ray diffraction microscopy; synchrotron radiation; non-destructive orientation imaging ID GRAINS AB We have measured and reconstructed via forward modeling a small volume of microstructure of high purity, well annealed nickel using high energy x-ray diffraction microscopy (HEDM). Statistical distributions characterizing grain orientations, intra-granular misorientations, and nearest neighbor grain misorientations are extracted. Results are consistent with recent electron backscatter diffraction measurements. Peaks in the grain neighbor misorientation angle distribution at 60 degrees (Sigma 3) and 39 degrees (Sigma 9) have resolution limited widths of approximate to 0.14 degree FWHM. The analysis demonstrates that HEDM can recover grain and grain boundary statistics comparable to OIM volume measurements; more extensive data sets will lead to full, five parameter grain boundary character distributions. Due to its non-destructive nature, HEDM can then watch, both statistically and through tracking of individual grains and boundaries, the evolution of such distributions with processing of the sample. C1 [Hefferan, C. M.; Li, S. F.; Lind, J.; Suter, R. M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Lienert, U.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hefferan, CM (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RI Rollett, Anthony/A-4096-2012; Li, Shiu Fai/B-2605-2014; Suter, Robert/P-2541-2014 OI Rollett, Anthony/0000-0003-4445-2191; Li, Shiu Fai/0000-0001-9805-5621; Suter, Robert/0000-0002-0651-0437 FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0520425, DMR-0805100]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science Foundation through TeraGrid resources provided by the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center FX This work was supported by the MRSEC program of the National Science Foundation under award number DMR-0520425 and NSF Metals program under award number DMR-0805100. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research was also supported in part by the National Science Foundation through TeraGrid resources provided by the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center. NR 22 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 12 PU TECH SCIENCE PRESS PI NORCROSS PA 6825 JIMMY CARTER BLVD, STE 1850, NORCROSS, GA 30071 USA SN 1546-2218 EI 1546-2226 J9 CMC-COMPUT MATER CON JI CMC-Comput. Mat. Contin. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 14 IS 3 SI SI BP 209 EP 219 PG 11 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mathematics GA 617BB UT WOS:000279254700004 ER PT J AU Meek, DW Anderson, CW AF Meek, David W. Anderson, Carl W. TI Posttranslational Modification of p53: Cooperative Integrators of Function SO COLD SPRING HARBOR PERSPECTIVES IN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA-DAMAGE RESPONSE; CELL-CYCLE ARREST; HOMEODOMAIN-INTERACTING PROTEIN-KINASE-2; ACTIVITY IN-VIVO; TRANSACTIVATION DOMAIN; TUMOR SUPPRESSION; WIP1 PHOSPHATASE; IONIZING-RADIATION; BINDING DOMAIN; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVITY AB The p53 protein is modified by as many as 50 individual posttranslational modifications. Many of these occur in response to genotoxic or nongenotoxic stresses and show interdependence, such that one or more modifications can nucleate subsequent events. This interdependent nature suggests a pathway that operates through multiple cooperative events as opposed to distinct functions for individual, isolated modifications. This concept, supported by recent investigations, which provide exquisite detail as to how various modifications mediate precise protein-protein interactions in a cooperative manner, may explain why knockin mice expressing p53 proteins substituted at one or just a few sites of modification typically show only subtle effects on p53 function. The present article focuses on recent, exciting progress and develops the idea that the impact of modification on p53 function is achieved through collective and integrated events. C1 [Meek, David W.] Univ Dundee, Ninewells Hosp & Med Sch, Biomed Res Inst, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland. [Anderson, Carl W.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Meek, DW (reprint author), Univ Dundee, Ninewells Hosp & Med Sch, Biomed Res Inst, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland. EM d.w.meek@dundee.ac.uk NR 139 TC 168 Z9 169 U1 4 U2 15 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 1943-0264 J9 CSH PERSPECT BIOL JI Cold Spring Harbor Perspect. Biol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 1 IS 6 AR a000950 DI 10.1101/cshperspect.a000950 PG 16 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 625FK UT WOS:000279879900002 PM 20457558 ER PT J AU Class, H Ebigbo, A Helmig, R Dahle, HK Nordbotten, JM Celia, MA Audigane, P Darcis, M Ennis-King, J Fan, YQ Flemisch, B Gasda, SE Jin, M Krug, S Labregere, D Beni, AN Pawar, RJ Sbai, A Thomas, SG Trenty, L Wei, LL AF Class, Holger Ebigbo, Anozie Helmig, Rainer Dahle, Helge K. Nordbotten, Jan M. Celia, Michael A. Audigane, Pascal Darcis, Melanie Ennis-King, Jonathan Fan, Yaqing Flemisch, Bernd Gasda, Sarah E. Jin, Min Krug, Stefanie Labregere, Diane Beni, Ali Naderi Pawar, Rajesh J. Sbai, Adil Thomas, Sunil G. Trenty, Laurent Wei, Lingli TI A benchmark study on problems related to CO2 storage in geologic formations SO COMPUTATIONAL GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Benchmark; Code comparison; CO2 storage ID CO2-H2O MIXTURES; ABANDONED WELL; POROUS-MEDIA; SEQUESTRATION; SIMULATION; RESERVOIR; LEAKAGE; FLOW; INJECTION; PARALLEL AB This paper summarises the results of a benchmark study that compares a number of mathematical and numerical models applied to specific problems in the context of carbon dioxide (CO2) storage in geologic formations. The processes modelled comprise advective multi-phase flow, compositional effects due to dissolution of CO2 into the ambient brine and non-isothermal effects due to temperature gradients and the Joule-Thompson effect. The problems deal with leakage through a leaky well, methane recovery enhanced by CO2 injection and a reservoir-scale injection scenario into a heterogeneous formation. We give a description of the benchmark problems then briefly introduce the participating codes and finally present and discuss the results of the benchmark study. C1 [Class, Holger; Ebigbo, Anozie; Helmig, Rainer; Darcis, Melanie; Flemisch, Bernd] Univ Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany. [Dahle, Helge K.; Nordbotten, Jan M.] Univ Bergen, Dept Math, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. [Nordbotten, Jan M.; Celia, Michael A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Audigane, Pascal] Bur Rech Geol & Minieres, French Geol Survey, Paris, France. [Ennis-King, Jonathan] CSIRO Petr, Cooperat Res Ctr Greenhouse Gas Technol, Kensington, NSW, Australia. [Fan, Yaqing] Stanford Univ, Dept Energy Resources Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Gasda, Sarah E.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jin, Min] Heriot Watt Univ, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Krug, Stefanie] Bundesanstalt Geowissensch & Rohstoffe, D-3000 Hannover, Germany. [Labregere, Diane] Schlumberger Carbon Serv, Paris, France. [Beni, Ali Naderi] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Appl Geophys & Geothermal Energy, E ON Energy Res Ctr, Aachen, Germany. [Pawar, Rajesh J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Sbai, Adil] Bur Rech Geol & Minieres, French Geol Survey, Orleans, France. [Thomas, Sunil G.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Trenty, Laurent] Inst Francais Petr, Technol Comp Sci & Appl Math Div, Rueil Malmaison, France. [Wei, Lingli] Shell Int Explorat & Prod BV, Rijswijk, Netherlands. RP Class, H (reprint author), Univ Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany. EM holle@iws.uni-stuttgart.de; ano@iws.uni-stuttgart.de; rainer@iws.uni-stuttgart.de; Helge.Dahle@math.uib.no; Jan.Nordbotten@math.uib.no; celia@princeton.edu; p.audigane@brgm.fr; melanie.darcis@iws.uni-stuttgart.de; Jonathan.Ennis-King@csiro.au; yaqingf@gmail.com; bernd.flemisch@iws.uni-stuttgart.de; sgasda@unc.edu; Min.Jin@pet.hw.ac.uk; stefanie.krug@bgr.de; dlabregere@slb.com; anaderi@eonerc.rwth-aachen.de; rajesh@lanl.gov; a.sbai@brgm.fr; sgthomas@ices.utexas.edu; laurent.trenty@ifp.fr; Lingli.Wei@Shell.com RI IFPEN, Publications/A-8028-2008; Math et Info, Direction Math/C-1462-2013; OI Flemisch, Bernd/0000-0001-8188-620X; Ennis-King, Jonathan/0000-0002-4016-390X NR 66 TC 162 Z9 166 U1 3 U2 56 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1420-0597 J9 COMPUTAT GEOSCI JI Comput. Geosci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 13 IS 4 SI SI BP 409 EP 434 DI 10.1007/s10596-009-9146-x PG 26 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 524YJ UT WOS:000272180000002 ER PT J AU Feng, WC Balaji, P AF Feng, Wu-Chun Balaji, Pavan TI TOOLS AND ENVIRONMENTS FOR MULTICORE AND MANY-CORE ARCHITECTURES INTRODUCTION SO COMPUTER LA English DT Editorial Material DE Multicore processing; Programming; Parallel processing; Computer bugs; Data mining; Parallel programming; Multicore processors C1 [Feng, Wu-Chun] Virginia Tech, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Feng, Wu-Chun] Virginia Tech, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Balaji, Pavan] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Feng, WC (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM feng@cs.vt.edu; balaji@mcs.anl.gov NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 IS 12 BP 26 EP 27 DI 10.1109/MC.2009.412 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 533RM UT WOS:000272842300011 ER PT J AU Antcheva, I Ballintijn, M Bellenot, B Biskup, M Brun, R Buncic, N Canal, P Casadei, D Couet, O Fine, V Franco, L Ganis, G Gheata, A Maline, DG Goto, M Iwaszkiewicz, J Kreshuk, A Segura, DM Maunder, R Moneta, L Naumann, A Offermann, E Onuchin, V Panacek, S Rademakers, F Russo, R Tadel, M AF Antcheva, I. Ballintijn, M. Bellenot, B. Biskup, M. Brun, R. Buncic, N. Canal, Ph. Casadei, D. Couet, O. Fine, V. Franco, L. Ganis, G. Gheata, A. Maline, D. Gonzalez Goto, M. Iwaszkiewicz, J. Kreshuk, A. Segura, D. Marcos Maunder, R. Moneta, L. Naumann, A. Offermann, E. Onuchin, V. Panacek, S. Rademakers, F. Russo, R. Tadel, M. TI ROOT - A C++ framework for petabyte data storage, statistical analysis and visualization SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE C plus; Object-oriented; Framework; Interpreter; Data storage; Data analysis; Visualization AB ROOT is an object-oriented C++ framework conceived in the high-energy physics (HEP) community. designed for storing and analyzing petabytes of data in an efficient way. Any instance of a C++ class can be stored into a ROOT file in a machine-independent compressed binary format. In ROOT the 17ree object container is optimized for statistical data analysis over very large data sets by using vertical data storage techniques. These containers can span a large number of files on local disks, the web, or a number of different shared file systems. In order to analyze this data, the user can chose out of a wide set of mathematical and statistical functions, inClUding linear algebra classes, numerical algorithms such as integration and minimization, and various methods for performing regression analysis (fitting). In particular. the RooFit package allows the user to perform complex data modeling and fitting while the RooStats library provides abstractions and implementations for advanced statistical tools. Multivariate classification methods based on machine learning techniques are available via the TMVA package. A central piece in these analysis tools are the histogram classes which provide binning of one- and multi-dimensional data. Results can be saved in high-quality graphical formats like Postscript and PDF or in bitmap formats like JPG or GIF. The result can also be stored into ROOT macros that allow a full recreation and rework of the graphics. Users typically create their analysis macros step by step, making use of the interactive C++ interpreter CINT, while running over small data samples. Once the development is finished, they can run these macros at full compiled speed over large data sets. using onthe-fly compilation, or by creating a stand-alone batch program. Finally, if processing farms are available, the user can reduce the execution time of intrinsically parallel tasks - e.g. data mining in HEP - by using PROOF, which will take care of optimally distributing the work over the available resources in a transparent way. Program summary Program title: ROOT Catalogue identifier: AEFA_v1_0 Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEFA-v1- 0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: LGPL No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 3 044 581 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 36 325 133 Distribution format., tar.gz Programming language: C++ Computer: Intel 1386, Intel x86-64, Motorola PPC, Sun Sparc, HP PA-RISC Operating system: GNU/Linux, Windows XP/Vista, Mac OS X, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris, HP-LIX, AIX Has the code been vectorized or parallelized?: Yes RAM: > 55 Mbytes Classification: 4, 9, 11.9, 14 Nature of problem: Storage, analysis and visualization of scientific data Solution method: Object store, wide range of analysis algorithms and visualization methods Additional comments: For an up-to-date author list see: http://root.cern.ch/drupal/content/rootdevelopment-team and http://root.cern.ch/drupa]/content/former-root-developers Running time: Depending on the data size and complexity of analysis algorithms References: [1] http://root.cern.ch. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Antcheva, I.; Ballintijn, M.; Bellenot, B.; Biskup, M.; Brun, R.; Buncic, N.; Couet, O.; Franco, L.; Ganis, G.; Gheata, A.; Maline, D. Gonzalez; Iwaszkiewicz, J.; Kreshuk, A.; Segura, D. Marcos; Maunder, R.; Moneta, L.; Naumann, A.; Offermann, E.; Onuchin, V.; Rademakers, F.; Tadel, M.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Canal, Ph.; Panacek, S.; Russo, R.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Casadei, D.] NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Fine, V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Naumann, A (reprint author), CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. EM rene.brun@cern.ch; Axel.Naumann@cern.ch RI Casadei, Diego/I-1785-2013; OI Casadei, Diego/0000-0002-3343-3529; Naumann, Axel/0000-0002-4725-0766 NR 31 TC 121 Z9 123 U1 4 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 180 IS 12 BP 2499 EP 2512 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2009.08.005 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 535ZV UT WOS:000273011500009 ER PT J AU Baboulin, M Buttari, A Dongarra, J Kurzak, J Langou, J Langou, J Luszczek, P Tomov, S AF Baboulin, Marc Buttari, Alfredo Dongarra, Jack Kurzak, Jakub Langou, Julie Langou, Julien Luszczek, Piotr Tomov, Stanimire TI Accelerating scientific computations with mixed precision algorithms SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Numerical linear algebra; Mixed precision; Iterative refinement ID LINEAR ALGEBRA SUBPROGRAMS; PATTERN MULTIFRONTAL METHOD; ITERATIVE REFINEMENT; MODEL IMPLEMENTATION; TEST PROGRAMS; EXTENDED SET; SYSTEMS; ACCURACY; EQUATIONS; SOLVER AB On modern architectures, the performance of 32-bit operations is often at least twice as fast as the performance of 64-bit operations. By using a combination of 32-bit and 64-bit floating point arithmetic, the performance of many dense and sparse linear algebra algorithms can be significantly enhanced while maintaining the 64-bit accuracy of the resulting solution. The approach presented here can apply not only to conventional processors but also to other technologies such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), Graphical Processing Units (CPU), and the STI Cell BE processor. Results on modern processor architectures and the STI Cell BE are presented. Program summary Program title: ITER-REF Catalogue identifier: AECO_v1_0 Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.Lik/summaries/AECO-vl-O.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University. Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.html No. oflines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 7211 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 41862 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: FORTRAN 77 Computer: desktop, server Operating system: Unix/Linux RAM: 512 Mbytes Classification: 4.8 External routines: BIAS (optional) Nature of problem: On modern architectures, the performance of 32-bit operations is often at least twice as fast as the performance of 64-bit operations. By using a combination of 32-bit and 64-bit floating point arithmetic, the performance of many dense and sparse linear algebra algorithms can be significantly enhanced while maintaining the 64-bit accuracy of the resulting solution. Solution method: Mixed precision algorithms stem from the observation that, in many cases, a single precision solution of a problem can be refined to the point where double precision accuracy is achieved. A common approach to the solution of linear systems, either dense or sparse, is to perform the LU factorization of the coefficient matrix using Gaussian elimination. First, the coefficient matrix A is factored into the product of a lower triangular matrix L and an upper triangular matrix U. Partial row pivoting is in general used to improve numerical stability resulting in a factorization PA = LU, where P is a permutation matrix. The solution for the system is achieved by first solving Ly = Pb (forward substitution) and then solving Ux = y (backward substitution). Due to round-off errors, the computed solution, x, carries a numerical error magnified by the condition number of the coefficient matrix A. In order to improve the computed solution, an iterative process can be applied, which produces a correction to the computed solution at each iteration. which then yields the method that is commonly known as the iterative refinement algorithm. Provided that the system is not too ill-conditioned, the algorithm produces a solution correct to the working precision. Running time: seconds/minutes Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dongarra, Jack; Kurzak, Jakub; Langou, Julie; Tomov, Stanimire] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Baboulin, Marc] Univ Coimbra, Dept Math, Coimbra, Portugal. [Buttari, Alfredo] French Natl Inst Res Comp Sci & Control, Lyon, France. [Dongarra, Jack] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Dongarra, Jack] Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Langou, Julien] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Math & Stat Sci, Denver, CO USA. [Luszczek, Piotr] MathWorks Inc, Natick, MA USA. RP Kurzak, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM kurzak@eecs.utk.edu RI Langou, Julien/G-5788-2013; Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 47 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 180 IS 12 BP 2526 EP 2533 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2008.11.005 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 535ZV UT WOS:000273011500011 ER PT J AU Wang, SM Liu, Y Wilkins-Diehr, N Martin, S AF Wang, Shaomen Liu, Yan Wilkins-Diehr, Nancy Martin, Stuart TI SimpleGrid toolkit: Enabling geosciences gateways to cyberinfrastructure SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Component-based software engineering; Cyberinfrastructure; Grid computing; Science and engineering gateways; Service-oriented architecture; Spatial interpolation ID GRID SERVICES; SPATIAL INTERPOLATION; ENVIRONMENTS; ARCHITECTURE; FRAMEWORK; SCIENCE AB Cyberinfrastructure science and engineering gateways have become an important modality to connect science and engineering communities and cyberinfrastructure. The use of cyberinfrastructure through gateways is fundamental to the advancement of science and engineering. However, learning science gateway technologies and developing science gateways remain a significant challenge, given that science gateway technologies are still actively evolving and often include a number of sophisticated components. A geosciences gateway must be designed to accommodate legacy methods that geoscientists use in conventional computational tools. The research described in this paper establishes an open-source toolkit-SimpleGrid for learning and developing science gateways based on a service-oriented architecture using a component-based approach that allows flexible separation and integration of the components between geocomputation applications and cyberinfrastructure. The design and implementation of SimpleGrid is based on the National Science Foundation TeraGrid-a key element of the U.S. and world cyberinfrastructure. This paper illustrates our experience of using SimpleGrid and a spatial interpolation method in a tutorial to teach TeraGrid science gateways. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Shaomen; Liu, Yan] Univ Illinois, Dept Geog, CyberInfrastruct & Geospatial Informat Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wang, Shaomen; Liu, Yan] Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wilkins-Diehr, Nancy] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Supercomp Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Martin, Stuart] Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Wang, SM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Geog, CyberInfrastruct & Geospatial Informat Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM shaowen@uiuc.edu; yanliu@uiuc.edu; wilkinsn@sdsc.edu; smartin@mcs.anl.gov RI Wang, Shaowen/O-1926-2013; OI Wang, Shaowen/0000-0001-5848-590X; Liu, Yan Y/0000-0003-2298-4728 NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 35 IS 12 BP 2283 EP 2294 DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2009.05.002 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 527JV UT WOS:000272364200001 ER PT J AU Lance, SL Jones, KL Hagen, C Glenn, TC Jones, JM Gibson, JP AF Lance, Stacey L. Jones, Kenneth L. Hagen, Cris Glenn, Travis C. Jones, J. Matthew Gibson, J. Phil TI Development and characterization of nineteen polymorphic microsatellite loci from seaside alder, Alnus maritima SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Seaside alder; Hazel alder; Microsatellite; PCR primers; SSR; STR; Alnus maritima; Alnus serrulata ID BETULACEAE; DNA; SEQUENCES AB We isolated and characterized 19 microsatellite loci from the endangered seaside alder, Alnus maritima. Loci were screened in 24 individuals of A. maritima and four individuals of its congener the hazel alder, A. serrulata. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 6, observed heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 0.952, and the probability of identity values ranged from 0.126 to 0.850. These new loci provide tools for characterizing the population genetics of this rare tree. C1 [Jones, J. Matthew; Gibson, J. Phil] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Lance, Stacey L.; Jones, Kenneth L.; Glenn, Travis C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lance, Stacey L.; Hagen, Cris] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Gibson, J. Phil] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Zool, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Gibson, JP (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM jpgibson@ou.edu RI Glenn, Travis/A-2390-2008; Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013 OI Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733 FU Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX This work was supported by funds from the University of Oklahoma Research Council, and the University of Oklahoma Departments of Botany and Microbiology, and Zoology. Manuscript preparation was partially supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. The authors thank S. Rice and J. Coleman for their field and lab assistance. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 10 IS 6 BP 1907 EP 1910 DI 10.1007/s10592-009-9851-y PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 527NP UT WOS:000272374100044 ER PT J AU Lance, SL Hagen, C Glenn, TC Apodaca, JJ Rissler, LJ AF Lance, Stacey L. Hagen, Cris Glenn, Travis C. Apodaca, Joseph J. Rissler, Leslie J. TI Development and characterization of twelve polymorphic microsatellite loci in the threatened Red Hills salamander, Phaeognathus hubrichti SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Red Hills salamander; Phaeognathus; Microsatellite; PCR primers; SSR; STR AB We isolated and characterized 12 microsatellite loci from the endangered Red Hills salamander, Phaeognathus hubrichti. Loci were screened in 24 individuals of P. hubrichti. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 16, observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.130 to 0.750, and the probability of identity values ranged from 0.012 to 0.778. These new loci provide tools for examining the population genetics of this federally threatened salamander. C1 [Apodaca, Joseph J.; Rissler, Leslie J.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Lance, Stacey L.; Hagen, Cris] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Lance, Stacey L.; Glenn, Travis C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Rissler, LJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM Rissler@bama.ua.edu RI Glenn, Travis/A-2390-2008; Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013 OI Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733 FU The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources State Wildlife; U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service [TE136961-0]; The University of Alabama IACUC [06-286-2]; State of Alabama [AWFF-SPS-08-02]; Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX Funding was provided by a grant from The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources State Wildlife Grants Program to LJ Rissler. Permits were provided by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (#TE136961-0), The University of Alabama IACUC (protocol # 06-286-2) and the State of Alabama (tracking # AWFF-SPS-08-02). Manuscript preparation was partially supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. Tissue collection was assisted by Jim Godwin, Shannon Hoss, Heather Cunningham, Walter Smith, and Sean Graham. We would also like to thank Jessica Mitchell and Rachel Crawford for lab assistance. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 10 IS 6 BP 1919 EP 1921 DI 10.1007/s10592-009-9854-8 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 527NP UT WOS:000272374100047 ER PT J AU Lance, SL Hagen, C Glenn, TC Freidenfelds, NA Langkilde, T AF Lance, Stacey L. Hagen, Cris Glenn, Travis C. Freidenfelds, Nicole A. Langkilde, Tracy TI Development and characterization of seventeen polymorphic microsatellite loci in the eastern fence lizard, Sceloporus undulatus SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Eastern fence lizard; Sceloporus; Microsatellite; PCR primers; SSR; STR AB We isolated and characterized 17 microsatellite loci from the eastern fence lizard, Sceloporus undulatus. Loci were screened in 24 individuals of S. undulatus. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 8 to 22, observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.174 to 0.913, and the probability of identity values ranged from 0.008 to 0.1. These new loci provide tools for examining the population genetics of eastern fence lizards and for assessing the evolutionary impacts the invasive red imported fire ant has on the lizard. C1 [Freidenfelds, Nicole A.; Langkilde, Tracy] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Mueller Lab 208, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lance, Stacey L.; Glenn, Travis C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lance, Stacey L.; Hagen, Cris] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Langkilde, T (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Mueller Lab 208, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM tll30@psu.edu RI Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013; OI Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733; Langkilde, Tracy/0000-0001-7014-2432 FU Pennsylvania State University Department of Biology; Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX This work was supported by funds from Pennsylvania State University Department of Biology. Permits were provided by the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (# 3568, #4059, #4453), Arkansas Game and Fish Commission (# 031520061, #030220075, #022520081), Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks (to T. Langkilde), US Fish and Wildlife Service (# 43620-NOX-2006-02), and USDA Forest Service (# 2710 and SO-FW-FY06-08). The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Yale University (#2006-11020) and Penn State University (#27696) approved this research. Tissue collection was assisted by Nisha Ligon and Katherine Boronow. We would also like to thank Tara Fulton for lab guidance. Manuscript preparation was partially supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7252 J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR JI Conserv. Genet. Resour. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 1 IS 1 BP 233 EP 236 DI 10.1007/s12686-009-9057-0 PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA V17FF UT WOS:000207922400055 ER PT J AU Chugunov, AI DeWitt, HE AF Chugunov, A. I. DeWitt, H. E. TI Corrections to Linear Mixing in Binary Ionic Mixtures and Plasma Screening at Zero Separation SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Physics of Non-Ideal Plasmas CY SEP 13-18, 2009 CL Chemogolovka, RUSSIA DE Screening; nonideal plasma; mixing rule ID REACTION-RATES; FLUIDS; ENHANCEMENT; EQUATION; STATE AB Using the results of extensive Monte Carlo simulations we discuss corrections to the linear mixing rule in strongly coupled binary ionic mixtures. We analyze the plasma screening function at zero separation, H(jk)(0), for two ions (of types j = 1,, 2 and k=1,2) in a strongly coupled binary mixture. The function H(jk)(0) is estimated by two methods: (1) from the difference of Helmholtz Coulomb free energies at large and zero separations; (2) by fitting the Widom expansion of H(jk)(x) in powers of interionic distance x to Monte Carlo data on the radial pair distribution function H(jk)(x). These methods are shown to be in good agreement. For illustration, we analyze the plasma screening enhancement of nuclear burning rates in dense stellar matter. (C) 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. Weinehim C1 [Chugunov, A. I.] Ioffe Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [DeWitt, H. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Chugunov, AI (reprint author), Ioffe Inst, Politekhn Skaya 26, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. EM andr.astro@mail.ioffe.ru RI Chugunov, Andrey/E-2061-2014 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 49 IS 10 BP 696 EP 699 DI 10.1002/ctpp.200910079 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 539UM UT WOS:000273284000004 ER PT J AU De Yoreo, JJ Zepeda-Ruiz, LA Friddle, RW Qiu, SR Wasylenki, LE Chernov, AA Gilmer, GH Dove, PM AF De Yoreo, J. J. Zepeda-Ruiz, L. A. Friddle, R. W. Qiu, S. R. Wasylenki, L. E. Chernov, A. A. Gilmer, G. H. Dove, P. M. TI Rethinking Classical Crystal Growth Models through Molecular Scale Insights: Consequences of Kink-Limited Kinetics SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID CALCITE GROWTH; TRACE-ELEMENT; MONTE-CARLO; SURFACE; STEP; TEMPERATURE; ELECTROLYTE; DYNAMICS; MG/CA; MG2+ AB The classical terrace-ledge-kink model of crystal growth is widely used to interpret mineral formation in biological and geological systems. A key assumption underlying application of the model is that thermal fluctuations of steps are sufficiently rapid to produce an abundance of kink sites for attachment of growth units. High-resolution in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of step-edge structure and dynamics show this physical picture to be invalid for the common mineral calcite whose steps exhibit low kink density and weak step edge fluctuations. As a consequence, interactions of impurities with calcite step edges cannot be interpreted with traditional thermodynamic models based on minimization of the Gibbs free energy. Instead, impurity-step interactions follow a different mechanism determined by the kinetics of attachment and detachment. Step advance is unimpeded when the creation of new kinks by attachment of growth units to the step outpaces binding of impurities to the newly created kinks. This kink-limited model offers a plausible explanation for reports of "kinetic disequilibrium" of trace element signatures. Moreover, because kink density is tied to crystal solubility, these findings argue for a theory based on weak fluctuations to interpret growth of many common crystalline phases of importance in geochemical, biological, and technological settings. C1 [De Yoreo, J. J.; Friddle, R. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zepeda-Ruiz, L. A.; Friddle, R. W.; Qiu, S. R.; Chernov, A. A.; Gilmer, G. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Life Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Wasylenki, L. E.; Dove, P. M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP De Yoreo, JJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jjdeyoreo@lbl.gov; dove@vt.edu RI Dove, Patricia/A-7911-2010 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-AC02-05CH11231, FG02-00ER15112]; National Institutes of Health [DK61673]; National Science Foundation [OCE-052667, EAR-0545166] FX The authors acknowledge D.S. Wilson and M.L Weaver for collecting AFM data oil Sr2+ inhibition of calcite and citrate inhibition of calcium oxalate, respectively. They also thank the anonymous reviewers for extensive comments that greatly improved the manuscript. This work was supported by awards to JDY performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (high resolution AFM on calcite), grant DK61673 from the National Institutes of Health (AFM results on COM), and at the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, with support from the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (Concepts and theoretical analysis). Support for LAZR, AC and GG was provided by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Office at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (kinetic Monte Carlo simulations and analysis). This work was also supported by awards to PMD by Department of Energy FG02-00ER15112 (concepts and AFM results on Sr2+-calcite), National Science Foundation OCE-052667 (concepts, AFM data on Sr2+-calcite, analysis) and the National Science Foundation EAR-0545166. NR 52 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 13 U2 94 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 5135 EP 5144 DI 10.1021/cg900543g PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 525BL UT WOS:000272188000024 ER PT J AU Badri, DV Weir, TL van der Lelie, D Vivanco, JM AF Badri, Dayakar V. Weir, Tiffany L. van der Lelie, Daniel Vivanco, Jorge M. TI Rhizosphere chemical dialogues: plant-microbe interactions SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; GROWTH-PROMOTING BACTERIA; AGROBACTERIUM-TUMEFACIENS; GENE-EXPRESSION; SINORHIZOBIUM-MELILOTI; TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA; ARABIDOPSIS ROOTS AB Every organism on earth relies on associations with its neighbors to sustain life. For example, plants form associations with neighboring plants, microflora, and microfauna, while humans maintain symbiotic associations with intestinal microbial flora, which is indispensable for nutrient assimilation and development of the innate immune system. Most of these associations are facilitated by chemical cues exchanged between the host and the symbionts. In the rhizosphere, which includes plant roots and the surrounding area of soil influenced by the roots, plants exude chemicals to effectively communicate with their neighboring soil organisms. Here we review the current literature pertaining to the chemical communication that exists between plants and microorganisms and the biological processes they sustain. C1 [Badri, Dayakar V.; Weir, Tiffany L.; Vivanco, Jorge M.] Colorado State Univ, Ctr Rhizosphere Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Badri, Dayakar V.; Weir, Tiffany L.; Vivanco, Jorge M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Hort & LA, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [van der Lelie, Daniel] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Vivanco, JM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ctr Rhizosphere Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM j.vivanco@colostate.edu FU National Science foundation [MCB-0542642]; US department of Defense SERDP [SI 1388] FX The work in JMV laboratory was supported by the National Science foundation (MCB-0542642) and US department of Defense SERDP (SI 1388). We acknowledge the journal Current Opinion in Biotechnology for inviting us to write this article. Lastly, we apologize to those authors whose work could not be discussed because of space limitations. NR 96 TC 131 Z9 139 U1 18 U2 153 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 20 IS 6 BP 642 EP 650 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2009.09.014 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 530NF UT WOS:000272598900006 PM 19875278 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, NJ Smith, SJ AF Rosenberg, Norman J. Smith, Steven J. TI A sustainable biomass industry for the North American Great Plains SO CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-PRODUCTION; LAND-USE; SWITCHGRASS; BIOFUELS; TECHNOLOGIES; ETHANOL; FUELS AB Sustainable management of the world's land resources is a key to the provision of food for a more affluent global population and progress in other areas, such as improved water quality and mitigation of climate change. But the world's land resources are far too varied in their soils, native and managed vegetation, water resources and climatic norms and extremes to expect that a single, globally comprehensive strategy can be applied to meet such goals. Rather, lessons to guide programs aimed at achieving sustainability can be assembled from experience gained in discrete geographic, climatic and edaphic regions. One such region is the semiarid to subhumid North American Great Plains (hereafter NAGP), a region that since settlement has experienced many periods of economic boom and many of economic distress. Originally a grassland, its vulnerability to soil erosion, environmental problems associated with the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and the overuse of surface and ground water is typical of other important grasslands converted to agriculture in South America and in the European and central Asiatic regions of the former Soviet Union. In addition, there is reason to believe that many of these grassland regions, most located in continental interiors, may be further stressed by climate changes caused by rising atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. One action that can potentially contribute to climate change mitigation is the production of herbaceous biomass, for which the NAGP region is well suited. This paper reviews the geography, history and current condition of the NAGP and offers suggestions about how the agriculture, economy and environment of this and similar regions around the world can be made more sustainable and able to contribute to a reduction in carbon dioxide (CO(2)) emissions and consequent global warming. C1 [Rosenberg, Norman J.; Smith, Steven J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Rosenberg, NJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, Coll Pk,5825 Univ Res Court,Suite 3500, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM NJ.Rosenberg@pnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy/Office of Science FX Much of the information presented in this paper is drawn from Rosenberg. NJ 2007. Support for the work was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy/Office of Science, under its Global "Fechnology Strategy Program led by Dr James A Edmonds of the Joint Global Change Research Institute. Additional thanks are due to the Rockefeller Foundation Study Center in Bellagio, Italy where the book was completed and this manuscript begun. The authors would like to thank Dr Cesar Izaurralde for helpful comments and April Volke for assistance with the manuscript. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1877-3435 J9 CURR OPIN ENV SUST JI Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 1 IS 2 BP 121 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.cosust.2009.09.003 PG 12 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 660BM UT WOS:000282613300002 ER PT J AU Patwardhan, A Downing, T Leary, N Wilbanks, T AF Patwardhan, Anand Downing, Tom Leary, Neil Wilbanks, Tom TI Towards an integrated agenda for adaptation research: theory, practice and policy SO CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE AB Adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate change has been recognized as a priority area for national and international policy. The findings of the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC have reemphasized the urgency of action and the scale of response needed to cope with climate change outcomes. The scientific community has an important role to play in advancing the information and knowledge base that would help in identifying, developing and implementing effective responses to enhance adaptive capacity and reduce vulnerability. This paper examines the way in which science and research could advance the adaptation agenda. To do so, we pose a number of questions aimed at identifying the knowledge gaps and research needs. We argue that in order to address these science and research needs, an integrated approach is necessary, one that combines new knowledge with new approaches for knowledge generation, and where research and practice co-evolve; and that such a learning-by-doing approach is essential to rapidly scale up and implement concrete adaptation actions. C1 [Patwardhan, Anand] Indian Inst Technol, Shailesh J Mehta Sch Management, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Downing, Tom] Stockholm Environm Inst, Oxford OX2 7DL, England. [Leary, Neil] Dickinson Coll, Ctr Environm & Sustainabil Educ, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. [Wilbanks, Tom] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Environm Syst Grp, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Patwardhan, A (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Shailesh J Mehta Sch Management, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. EM anand@iitb.ac.in NR 22 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1877-3435 J9 CURR OPIN ENV SUST JI Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 1 IS 2 BP 219 EP 225 DI 10.1016/j.cosust.2009.10.010 PG 7 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 660BM UT WOS:000282613300015 ER PT J AU Kaur, N Hu, JP AF Kaur, Navneet Hu, Jianping TI Dynamics of peroxisome abundance: a tale of division and proliferation SO CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID STORAGE ORGANELLE FORMATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MITOCHONDRIAL FISSION; PLANT PEROXISOMES; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; BETA-OXIDATION; ARABIDOPSIS; PROTEIN; BIOGENESIS AB Peroxisomes are highly dynamic subcellular organelles that undergo proliferation in response to a variety of environmental stimuli. The past few years have witnessed the identification and characterization of several key classes of proteins required for peroxisome division and proliferation in Arabidopsis. These include the PEROXIN11 (PEX11) family, the dynamin-related proteins (DRPs), and the FISSION1 (FIS1) proteins, some of which are shared by the division machineries of peroxisomes and other organelles. Recent studies have also uncovered a role for the photoreceptor phyA and the bZIP transcription factor HY5 homolog (HYH) in regulating light-induced peroxisome proliferation in Arabidopsis. In this review we attempt to summarize the current state of our knowledge of peroxisome division/proliferation and their regulation in plants. C1 [Kaur, Navneet; Hu, Jianping] Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kaur, Navneet] Michigan State Univ, Cell & Mol Biol Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hu, Jianping] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Hu, JP (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM huji@msu.edu FU Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-91ER20021]; Michigan State University; National Science Foundation [MCB 0618335] FX Work in our lab was supported by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-91ER20021), Michigan State University Intramural Research Grant Program (IRGP), and the National Science Foundation (MCB 0618335) to JH. We would also like to thank Karen Bird for editorial assistance. NR 80 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 5 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5266 J9 CURR OPIN PLANT BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 12 IS 6 BP 781 EP 788 DI 10.1016/j.pbi.2009.08.001 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 534IR UT WOS:000272890300019 PM 19734083 ER PT J AU Naivar, MA Wilder, ME Habbersett, RC Woods, TA Sebba, DS Nolan, JP Graves, SW AF Naivar, Mark A. Wilder, Mark E. Habbersett, Robert C. Woods, Travis A. Sebba, David S. Nolan, John P. Graves, Steven W. TI Development of Small and Inexpensive Digital Data Acquisition Systems Using a Microcontroller-Based Approach SO CYTOMETRY PART A LA English DT Article DE data system; flow cytometry; digital; low-cost; microcontroller; CD4 ID FLOW CYTOMETER; PARTICLES AB Fully digital data acquisition systems for use in flow cytometry provide excellent flexibility and precision. Here, we demonstrate the development of a low cost, small, and low power digital flow cytometry data acquisition system using a single microcontroller chip with an integrated analog to digital converter (ADC). Our demonstration system uses a commercially available evaluation board making the system simple to integrate into a flow cytometer. We have evaluated this system using calibration microspheres analyzed on commercial, slow-flow, and CCD-based flow cytometers. In our evaluations, our demonstration data system clearly resolves all eight peaks of a Rainbow microsphere set on both a slow-flow flow cytometer and a retrofitted BD FACScalibur, which indicates it has the sensitivity and resolution required for most flow cytometry applications. It is also capable of millisecond time resolution, full waveform Collection, and selective triggering of data collection from a CCD camera. The capability of our demonstration system suggests that the use of microcontrollers for flow cytometry digital data-acquisition will be increasingly valuable for extending the life of older cytometers and provides a compelling data-system design approach for low-cost, portable flow cytometers. (C) 2009 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry C1 [Naivar, Mark A.; Wilder, Mark E.; Habbersett, Robert C.; Woods, Travis A.; Graves, Steven W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Flow Cytometry Resource, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Woods, Travis A.; Graves, Steven W.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Biomed Engn, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Sebba, David S.; Nolan, John P.] La Jolla Bioengn Inst, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Naivar, MA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Flow Cytometry Resource, Biosci Div, MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM naivar@darksim.com; graves@unm.edu FU NIH [RR020064, RR001315, EB003824] FX Grant sponsor: NIH; Grant numbers: RR020064, RR001315, EB003824. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1552-4922 J9 CYTOM PART A JI Cytom. Part A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 75A IS 12 BP 979 EP 989 DI 10.1002/cyto.a.20814 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 525GW UT WOS:000272204000003 PM 19852060 ER PT J AU Jayne, SR Hogg, NG Waterman, SN Rainville, L Donohue, KA Watts, DR Tracey, KL McClean, JL Maltrud, ME Qiu, B Chen, SM Hacker, P AF Jayne, Steven R. Hogg, Nelson G. Waterman, Stephanie N. Rainville, Luc Donohue, Kathleen A. Watts, D. Randolph Tracey, Karen L. McClean, Julie L. Maltrud, Mathew E. Qiu, Bo Chen, Shuiming Hacker, Peter TI The Kuroshio Extension and its recirculation gyres SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS LA English DT Article DE Kuroshio; Recirculation; Western boundary currents; Current meter; Inverted echo sounders; Floats ID EDDY-MEAN FLOW; 68 DEGREES W; GULF-STREAM; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CURRENT SYSTEM; INERTIAL RECIRCULATION; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; VERTICAL STRUCTURE; BOUNDARY CURRENTS; OCEAN HYDROGRAPHY AB This paper reports on the strength and structure of the Kuroshio Extension and its recirculation gyres. In the time average, quasi-permanent recirculation gyres are found to the north and south of the Kuroshio Extension jet. The characteristics of these recirculations gyres are determined from the combined observations from the Kuroshio Extension System Study (KESS) field program (June 2004-June 2006) and include current meters, pressure and current recording inverted echo sounders, and subsurface floats. The position and strength of the recirculation gyres simulated by a high-resolution numerical model are found to be consistent with the observations. The circulation pattern that is revealed is of a complex system of multiple recirculation gyres that are embedded in the crests and troughs of the quasi-permanent meanders of the Kuroshio Extension. At the location of the KESS array, the Kuroshio Extension jet and its recirculation gyres transport of about 114Sv. This represents a 2.7-fold increase in the transport of the current compared to the Kuroshio's transport at Cape Ashizuri before it separates from the coast and flows eastward into the open ocean. This enhancement in the current's transport comes from the development of the flanking recirculation gyres. Estimates from an array of inverted echo sounders and a high-resolution ocean general circulation model are of similar magnitude. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jayne, Steven R.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Phys Oceanog, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Hogg, Nelson G.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Waterman, Stephanie N.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, MIT WHOI Joint Program Oceanog, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Rainville, Luc] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Donohue, Kathleen A.; Watts, D. Randolph; Tracey, Karen L.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [McClean, Julie L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Phys Oceanog Res Div, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Maltrud, Mathew E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Fluid Dynam Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Qiu, Bo; Chen, Shuiming; Hacker, Peter] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Jayne, SR (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Phys Oceanog, MS 21,360 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM surje@alum.mit.edu RI Qiu, Bo/D-9569-2017 FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0220161, OCE-0825550, OCE-0221008, OCE-0220680, OCE-0549225] FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation funding for the KESS program under Grants OCE-0220161 (SRJ, NGH, LR and SNW), OCE-0825550 (SNW), OCE-0221008 (KAD, DRW, KLT), OCE-0220680 (BQ, SC and PH) and OCE-0549225 (JLM). We would like to thank the ships' crews of the R/V Thompson, R/V Revelle, and R/V Melville, and the WHOI Subsurface Mooring Operations Group for their assistance in the KESS field program. More information and the observational data from KESS can be found at: http://uskess.org. NR 75 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0967-0637 EI 1879-0119 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 12 BP 2088 EP 2099 DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2009.08.006 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 528IQ UT WOS:000272438000002 ER PT J AU Li, Y Krakow, LW Chong, EKP Groom, KN AF Li, Y. Krakow, L. W. Chong, E. K. P. Groom, K. N. TI Approximate stochastic dynamic programming for sensor scheduling to track multiple targets SO DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Workshop on Defence Applications of Signal Processing (DASP-2006) CY DEC 10-14, 2006 CL Fraser Isl, AUSTRALIA DE Sensor scheduling; Stochastic dynamic programming; Multiple target tracking; Partially observable Markov decision process; Particle filtering ID PARTICLE FILTERS; ALGORITHMS; MANAGEMENT AB The problem of sensor scheduling is to select the number and combination of sensors to activate over time. The goal is usually to trade off tracking performance and sensor usage. We formulate a version of this problem involving multiple targets as a partially observable Markov decision process, and use this formulation to develop a nonmyopic sensor-scheduling scheme. Our scheme integrates sequential multisensor joint probabilistic data association and particle filtering for belief-state estimation, and use a simulation-based Q-value approximation method called completely observable rollout for decision making. We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach by an example with multiple sensors activated simultaneously to track multiple targets. We also explore the trade-off between tracking error and sensor cost using our nonmyopic scheme. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Y.; Chong, E. K. P.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Krakow, L. W.; Chong, E. K. P.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Math, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Groom, K. N.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Li, Y (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM liyun@engr.colostate.edu; lwkrakow@lamar.colostate.edu; echong@engr.colostate.edu; kngroom@sandia.gov RI Chong, Edwin/A-3053-2008 OI Chong, Edwin/0000-0002-7622-4815 NR 27 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1051-2004 J9 DIGIT SIGNAL PROCESS JI Digit. Signal Prog. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 19 IS 6 BP 978 EP 989 DI 10.1016/j.dsp.2007.05.004 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 548CO UT WOS:000273937400008 ER PT J AU Louie, RF Kitano, T Brock, TK Derlet, R Kost, GJ AF Louie, Richard F. Kitano, Tyler Brock, T. Keith Derlet, Robert Kost, Gerald J. TI Point-of-Care Testing for Pandemic Influenza and Biothreats SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE diagnostic challenges; H1N1; outbreaks; POCT (point-of-care testing); rapid diagnostics; swine flu ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; PATHOGEN DETECTION SYSTEM; RAPID DETECTION; A VIRUSES; RT-PCR; SPECIMENS; ORIGIN; PERFORMANCE; ANTHRAX; THREAT AB New and reemerging infectious diseases, such as pandemic viruses and resistant bacteria, pose a serious threat in the 21st century Some of these agents represent global security threats This review provides an overview of diagnostic challenges presented by pandemic influenza and biothreat agents The article summarizes recent pandemics and disease outbreaks, point-of-care influenza diagnostic tests, biothreat agents, biothreat instrument systems, and technologies in development. It highlights how medical innovation and health care initiatives can help prepare health care professionals and public health personnel to handle future crises Based on gap analysis for current point-of-care testing deficiencies, it concludes with policy recommendations that will enhance preparedness (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness 2009,3(Suppl 2).S193-S202) C1 [Louie, Richard F.; Kitano, Tyler; Brock, T. Keith; Kost, Gerald J.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Point Of Care Technol Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Derlet, Robert] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Louie, RF (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Point Of Care Technol Ctr, 3448 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA 95616 USA. FU NIBIB NIH HHS [U54EB007959] NR 62 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 SU 2 BP S193 EP S202 DI 10.1097/DMP.0b013e3181be6dc4 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 554NC UT WOS:000274440700018 PM 19797963 ER PT J AU Walston, LJ Cantwell, BL Krummel, JR AF Walston, Leroy J. Cantwell, Brian L. Krummel, John R. TI Quantifying spatiotemporal changes in a sagebrush ecosystem in relation to energy development SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID GREATER SAGE-GROUSE; WINTER HABITAT SELECTION; LAND-COVER CHANGE; MULE DEER; HUMAN FOOTPRINT; BIG SAGEBRUSH; BASIN; RESTORATION; CHEATGRASS; IMPACTS AB Energy development has been occurring in the intermountain western United States for over a century, yet few studies have attempted to spatially quantify the impacts of this disturbance on native ecosystems. We used temporal remotely sensed data for the Pinedale Anticline Project Area (PAPA) in western Wyoming, a region that has experienced increased natural gas development within the past 10 yr, to quantify the spatiotemporal distribution of Wyoming big sagebrush Artemisia tridentata, natural gas development, and other landcover types. Our analyses included 5 Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images of the PAPA over a 22-yr period (1985-2006). We determined whether Wyoming big sagebrush spatiotemporal patterns were associated with natural gas development or other landcover types. We also developed a footprint model to determine the direct and indirect impacts of natural gas development on the distribution of Wyoming big sagebrush habitats. Over the 22-yr period, we observed an inverse relationship between the amount of Wyoming big sagebrush habitat and natural gas development. During this time, Wyoming big sagebrush habitat declined linearly at a rate of 0.2% yr-1 (4.5% total net loss), whereas natural gas development increased exponentially at a rate of 20% yr-1 (4800% total net increase). Our evaluation indicated that, by 2006, natural gas development directly impacted 2.7% (1750 ha) of original Wyoming big sagebrush habitat. Indirect impacts, quantified to account for degraded habitat quality, affected as much as 58.5% (assuming 1000-m buffers) of the original Wyoming big sagebrush habitat. Integrating assessments of the direct and indirect impacts will yield a better elucidation of the overall effects of disturbances on ecosystem function and quality. C1 [Walston, Leroy J.; Cantwell, Brian L.; Krummel, John R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Walston, LJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lwalston@anl.gov FU U.S. Dept of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Dept of Energy contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors thank M. Nesta for data analysis support and K. LaGory, P. Hollopeter, and three anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on previous drafts of this manuscript. NR 47 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0906-7590 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD DEC PY 2009 VL 32 IS 6 BP 943 EP 952 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2009.05852.x PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 531GX UT WOS:000272653500005 ER PT J AU Breshears, DD Myers, OB Barnes, FJ AF Breshears, David D. Myers, Orrin B. Barnes, Fairley J. TI Horizontal heterogeneity in the frequency of plant-available water with woodland intercanopy-canopy vegetation patch type rivals that occuring vertically by soil depth SO ECOHYDROLOGY LA English DT Review DE drought; juniper; pinyon; pinon; soil water heterogeneity; moisture; semiarid woodlands; Walter's two-layer hypothesis ID PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLAND; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; LANDFILL COVER DESIGNS; NEW-MEXICO; SEMIARID WOODLAND; WEATHERED BEDROCK; ARID ECOSYSTEMS; SPATIAL-PATTERN; DIE-OFF; GRASSLAND/FOREST CONTINUUM AB Soil moisture integrates and drives ecohydrological processes in dryland ecosystems. However, despite the central importance of soil moisture, relevant field Studies have not holistically assessed key inter-related aspects of ecohydrological spatiotemporal variation: the threshold-like manner in which soil texture controls the frequency at which soil water is readily available for plants, assessment of horizontal heterogeneity associated with vegetation patches in addition to vertical heterogeneity associated with depth, seasonal variation associated with precipitation type (snow vs rain) and inter-annual variation spanning notably wet and dry periods. We measured soil water content by neutron probe in a semiarid pinon-juniper woodland (Pinus edulis and Juniperus monosperma) in northern New Mexico, USA, over 15 years and evaluated an ecohydrological metric-plant-available water, estimated as the percentage of time that soil water content was sufficiently wet to be generally available to plants. The frequency of plant-available water varied significantly across all variables assessed: precipitation amount (across years or seasons), precipitation type, vertically with soil depth and horizontally with vegetation patch type (canopy patches beneath trees, intercanopy patches between trees and edges between the two patch types). Notably, in many cases, horizontal heterogeneity in plant-available water associated with vegetation patch wits as substantial as vertical heterogeneity associated with depth, yet such horizontal heterogeneity is not included in most ecological or hydrological models. Our results highlight spatiotemporal variation in the frequency of plant-available water that is substantial, often overlooked, and may need to be explicitly considered for predicting dryland vegetation responses to land use and climate change. Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Breshears, David D.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Inst Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Breshears, David D.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Myers, Orrin B.] Univ New Mexico, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Barnes, Fairley J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Breshears, DD (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Inst Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM daveb@email.arizona.edu RI Myers, Orrin/F-1130-2010; Breshears, David/B-9318-2009 OI Breshears, David/0000-0001-6601-0058 FU Environmental Restoration Project at Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos National Environmental Research Park; NETL carbon program; DOE NICCR [DE-FCO2-O6ER64159]; NSF DIRENet [DEB-0443526] FX We are grateful to many people who contributed to the establishment, collection and maintenance of the longterm data used in this paper. We thank Edward A. Lopez and Ernest Antonio for tube installation, Mel E. Garcia, Marvin O. Gard, Edward A. Lopez, J. Leo Martinez, Johnny A. Salazar, Tracy G. Schofield and Sharon R. Wirth for data collection, Tracy G. Schofield for data management, Clif W. Meyer and Katherine Dayem for supplemental soil core collection, Michael H. Ebinger for supplemental soil core description, Nate McDowell for ongoing site coordination and Brent D. Newman, Debra Peters, Bradford P. Wilcox and Chris B. Zou for comments on a previous draft. Initial research and data collection was supported by the Environmental Restoration Project at Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Los Alamos National Environmental Research Park and the NETL carbon program; synthesis was supported by DOE NICCR (Western Region; DE-FCO2-O6ER64159) and NSF DIRENet (NSF # DEB-0443526). NR 104 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1936-0584 EI 1936-0592 J9 ECOHYDROLOGY JI Ecohydrology PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 BP 503 EP 519 DI 10.1002/eco.75 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 539XR UT WOS:000273293100012 ER PT J AU Sack, RO Lichtner, PC AF Sack, Richard O. Lichtner, Peter C. TI Constraining Compositions of Hydrothermal Fluids in Equilibrium with Polymetallic Ore-Forming Sulfide Assemblages SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARTIAL MOLAL PROPERTIES; PB-ZN DISTRICT; DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; INTERNALLY CONSISTENT DATABASE; FREIBERGITE SOLID-SOLUTION; DALENE MINING DISTRICT; PRECIOUS-METAL VEINS; CU-FE-S; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; HIGH-PRESSURES AB To provide an improved understanding of the genesis of high-temperature Ag-Pb-Zn ore: deposits we have obtained revised estimates for the thermodynamic properties for (Cu, Ag)(10)(Fe, Zn)(2)Sb(4)S(13) fahlore endmember components. Calculations of aqueous solution-mineral (250 degrees-300 degrees C) for fahlore-bearing assemblages from Ag-Pb-Zn ore deposits from the Coeur d'Alene (Idaho, United States) and Keno Hill (Yukon Territory, Canada) milling districts demonstrate consistency between predicted and observed mineral assembles and hydrothermal fluids based oil these flew estimates. These calculations confirm that much of the Ag mined from the Coeur d'Alene district wits originally present ill galena. They also confirm that sphalerite was typically undersaturated in fluids crystallizing Fe-rich fahlores in the Coeur d'Alene Ag-Pb-Zn ores and constrain the parameters of the fluids equilibrated with these ores to within narrow limits. For the Keno Hill deposits these: calculations demonstrate that the early, high-temperature (300 degrees-310 degrees C) fluids (0.07 0.7 in Pb(2)S(2)-AgSbS(2) galena) or their compositionally equivalent sulfosalt fosalt assemblages, diaphorite (Pb(2)Ag(3)Sb(3)S(8)) + miargyrite ([(AgSb), Pb(2)]S(2)) or diaphorite (PbAg(3)Sb(3)S(8)) + frieslebenite (PbAgSbS(3)), were deposited initially in Ag-rich fahlore-bearing ores. These minerals were replaced by Ag-poor galena and epithermal Ag minerals that include acanthite, stephanite and polybasite. C1 [Sack, Richard O.] OFM Res, Redmond, WA USA. [Lichtner, Peter C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Sack, RO (reprint author), OFM Res, Redmond, WA USA. EM fahlore@centurytel.net NR 96 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC PI LITTLETON PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0361-0128 J9 ECON GEOL JI Econ. Geol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 104 IS 8 BP 1249 EP 1264 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 555HM UT WOS:000274499700008 ER PT J AU Li, LF Lee, HS Li, H Yang, XQ Huang, XJ AF Li, L. F. Lee, H. S. Li, H. Yang, X. Q. Huang, X. J. TI A pentafluorophenylboron oxalate additive in non-aqueous electrolytes for lithium batteries SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Pentafluorophenylboron oxalate; Boron-based anion receptors; Solid electrolyte interphase; Propylene carbonate; Lithium fluoride; Lithium oxide; Lithium peroxide; Non-aqueous electrolyte ID ANION RECEPTOR; ION BATTERIES; CAPACITY; CELLS; SALT AB A novel compound named pentafluorophenyl boron oxalate (PFPBO) has been synthesized. PFPBO has a unique molecular structure containing a boron atom center with electron deficiency and an oxalate group. It is found that when PFPBO is used as additive, the solubility of lithium fluoride (LiF) or lithium oxide (Li(2)O, Li(2)O(2)) in propylene carbonate (PC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) solvents can be increased dramatically. The new electrolytes show high ionic conductivity, high lithium ion transference number and good compatibility with LiMn(2)O(4) cathode and MCMB anode. PFPBO was synthesized with the designed structure to act as a bi-functional additive: boron-based anion receptor (BBAR) additive and stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation additive in PC-based electrolytes. The results show it does possess these two desired functionalities. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, L. F.; Li, H.; Huang, X. J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Lee, H. S.; Yang, X. Q.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Li, H (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. EM hli@aphy.iphy.ac.cn; xqyang@gmail.com RI Li, Hong/C-4643-2008 OI Li, Hong/0000-0002-8659-086X FU Nature Scientific Foundation of China [50672122, 50730005]; "863" project of China [2006AA03Z346]; "973" project of China [2007CB936501]; US Department of Energy [DEAC02-98CH10886] FX The work at Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science was supported by Nature Scientific Foundation of China (50672122, 50730005), "863" project (2006AA03Z346) and "973" project (2007CB936501) of China. The work at BNL was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the US Department of Energy under Contract Number DEAC02-98CH10886. NR 19 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1388-2481 J9 ELECTROCHEM COMMUN JI Electrochem. Commun. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 11 IS 12 BP 2296 EP 2299 DI 10.1016/j.elecom.2009.10.015 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 530FF UT WOS:000272573700010 ER PT J AU Chen, SQ Yoshino, H Levine, MD Li, ZH AF Chen, Shuqin Yoshino, Hiroshi Levine, Mark D. Li, Zhenhai TI Contrastive analyses on annual energy consumption characteristics and the influence mechanism between new and old residential buildings in Shanghai, China, by the statistical methods SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article DE Energy consumption characteristics; Influence factors; Residential buildings in China; Statistical methods AB The purposes of this research are to contrast the energy use characteristics of old residential buildings and new residential buildings in Shanghai, China, to look into influence factors of residential energy consumption, and to further analyze the reasons which result in the differences of energy consumption quantities between high-energy use family group and low-energy use family group. 1610 families in Residential District A and 819 families in Residential District B were chosen to trace their monthly energy consumption data in the whole year of 2006. Buildings in District A were all constructed in the 1980s, while those in District B were built in the 2000s. 300 families in each district were further selected from all above investigated families to do questionnaires in the year of 2007, so as to understand building characteristics, the possession and utilization of space heating and cooling appliances, and energy-saving consciousness. Annual energy consumption of the two kinds of buildings is contrasted and energy consumption quantities of spacing cooling and heating are also calculated. Influencing factors of residential energy consumption are analyzed by Quantification Theory I. Quantification Theory III is used to classify all the families into different categories based on the differences in their energy consumption amounts, and to further find out the reasons leading to the different energy consumption between different groups. Conclusions are as follows: (1) the average annual energy consumption quantity is 23.27 GJ/household for new buildings and 14.40 GJ/household for old buildings. The ratio of space heating and cooling to total annual energy consumption is just 16% and 11.6% for new buildings and old buildings respectively; (2) energy consumption and its variance lie on the integration of many factors, such as the floor area, materials of window frames, the number of family members, operation months of space heaters in winter and air conditioners in summer, and energy-saving actions; (3) all the families in the two districts can be classified into two categories: Household Region M of much energy use, and Household Region N of little energy use. Adopting the aluminum window frames, large floor areas and the large number of family members (above 4 person) are the main reasons leading to more energy use in Household Region M, while the small number of family members (1-2 persons/household) and small floor areas are the main reasons resulting in the less energy use in Household Region N: the long period of space heating, using illumination as little as possible are also the reasons causing the differences in energy consumption quantities between the two categories, but their influences on the samples clustering are smaller than the main reasons above; (4) compared with the energy consumption in some developed countries, the ratio of space heating and cooling to total residential energy use is much smaller in Shanghai. Indoor thermal environment is very poor besides that. With the growth of economy and the improvement of living standard, people will have the higher requirement for good-quality indoor thermal environment, and hence space heaters and coolers will be used much more frequently, so the residential energy consumption in China will still continuously increase rapidly, if few energy conservation strategies are adopted; (5) considering current little prevalence of energy-saving actions with low efficiency, more effective energy-saving actions should be fully adopted in China. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserve. C1 [Chen, Shuqin; Yoshino, Hiroshi] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. [Chen, Shuqin] Hunan Univ, Civil Engn Coll, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Chen, Shuqin; Levine, Mark D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Li, Zhenhai] Tongji Univ, Mech Engn Coll, Shanghai, Peoples R China. RP Yoshino, H (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. EM yoshino@sabine.pln.archi.tohoku.ac.jp NR 30 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 41 IS 12 BP 1347 EP 1359 DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.07.033 PG 13 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 512OW UT WOS:000271260600010 ER PT J AU Gupta, A Moridis, GJ Kneafsey, TJ Sloan, ED AF Gupta, Arvind Moridis, George J. Kneafsey, Timothy J. Sloan, E. D., Jr. TI Modeling Pure Methane Hydrate Dissociation Using a Numerical Simulator from a Novel Combination of X-ray Computed Tomography and Macroscopic Data SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID GAS-PRODUCTION; DECOMPOSITION; SEDIMENTS; SAMPLE AB The numerical simulator TOUGH+HYDRATE (T+H) was used to predict the transient pure methane hydrate (no sediment) dissociation data. X-ray computed tomography (CT) was used to visualize the methane hydrate formation and dissociation processes. A methane hydrate sample was formed from granular ice in a cylindrical vessel, and slow depressurization combined with thermal stimulation was applied to dissociate the hydrate sample. CT images showed that the water produced from the hydrate dissociation accumulated Lit the bottom of the vessel and increased the hydrate dissociation rate there. CT images were obtained during hydrate dissociation to confirm the radial dissociation of the hydrate sample. This radial dissociation process has implications for dissociation of hydrates in pipelines, suggesting lower dissociation times than for longitudinal dissociation. These observations were also confirmed by the numerical simulator predictions, which were in good agreement with the measured thermal data during hydrate dissociation. System pressure and sample temperature measured Lit the sample center followed the CH(4) hydrate L(w)+H+V equilibrium line during hydrate dissociation. The predicted cumulative methane gas production was within 5% of the measured data. Thus, this study validated our simulation approach and assumptions, which include stationary pure methane hydrate-skeleton, equilibrium hydrate-dissociation and heat- and mass-transfer in predicting hydrate dissociation in the absence of sediments. It should be noted that the application of T+H for the pure methane hydrate system (no sediment) is outside the general applicability limits of T+H. C1 [Gupta, Arvind; Sloan, E. D., Jr.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Hydrate Res, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Moridis, George J.; Kneafsey, Timothy J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gupta, A (reprint author), Shell Global Solut Int BV, Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM Arvind.Gupta@Shell.Com RI Kneafsey, Timothy/H-7412-2014 OI Kneafsey, Timothy/0000-0002-3926-8587 FU BP; Shell; ExxonMobil; Chevron; Flalliburton; Statoil; ConocoPhillips; Office of Natural Gas and Petroleum Technology; U.S. Department of Energy; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support received from the CSM hydrate consortium including BP, Shell, ExxonMobil, Chevron, Flalliburton, Statoil, and ConocoPhillips. The laboratory component of this study and the development of the T+H Code were supported by the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Office of Natural Gas and Petroleum Technology, through the National Energy Technology Laboratory, under the U.S. Department of Energy contract with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Thanks are due to Liviu Tomutsa for helping with the CT measurements. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD DEC PY 2009 VL 23 BP 5958 EP 5965 DI 10.1021/ef9006565 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 531VX UT WOS:000272700300026 ER PT J AU Xu, TF Flapper, J AF Xu, Tengfang Flapper, Joris TI Energy use and implications for efficiency strategies in global fluid-milk processing industry SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Specific energy consumption; Milk; Dairy process ID DAIRY-INDUSTRY AB The fluid-milk processing industry around the world processes approximately 60% of total raw milk production to create diverse fresh fluid-milk products. This paper reviews energy usage in existing global fluid-milk markets to identify baseline information that allows comparisons of energy performance of individual plants and systems. In this paper, we analyzed energy data compiled through extensive literature reviews on fluid-milk processing across a number of countries and regions. The study has found that the average final energy intensity of individual plants exhibited significant large variations, ranging from 0.2 to 12.6 MJ per kg fluid-milk product across various plants in different countries and regions. In addition, it is observed that while the majority of larger plants tended to exhibit higher energy efficiency, some exceptions existed for smaller plants with higher efficiency. These significant differences have indicated large potential energy-savings opportunities in the sector across many countries. Furthermore, this paper illustrates a positive correlation between implementing energy-monitoring programs and curbing the increasing trend in energy demand per equivalent fluid-milk product over time in the fluid-milk sector, and suggests that developing an energy-benchmarking framework, along with promulgating new policy options should be pursued for improving energy efficiency in global fluid-milk processing industry. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Tengfang; Flapper, Joris] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Int Energy Studies Grp, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xu, TF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Int Energy Studies Grp, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ttxu@lbl.gov NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD DEC PY 2009 VL 37 IS 12 BP 5334 EP 5341 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2009.07.056 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 528FD UT WOS:000272426500032 ER PT J AU Oladosu, G AF Oladosu, Gbadebo TI Identifying the oil price-macroeconomy relationship: An empirical mode decomposition analysis of US data SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Oil price; Macroeconomy; Empirical mode decomposition ID ECONOMIC-ACTIVITY; CRUDE-OIL; SHOCKS; COMPETITION; INCREASES; HHT AB This paper employs the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method to filter cyclical components of US quarterly gross domestic product (GDP) and quarterly average oil price (West Texas Intermediate-WTI). The method is adaptive and applicable to non-linear and non-stationary data. A correlation analysis of the resulting components is performed and examined for insights into the relationship between oil and the economy. Several components of this relationship are identified. However, the principal one is that the medium-run component of the oil price has a negative relationship with the main cyclical component of the GDR In addition, weak correlations suggesting a lagging, demand-driven component and a long-run component of the relationship were also identified. Comparisons of these findings with significant oil supply disruption and recession dates were supportive. The study identifies a number of lessons applicable to recent oil market events, including the eventuality of persistent oil price and economic decline following a long oil price run-up. In addition, it was found that oil market related exogenous events are associated with short- to medium-run price implications regardless of whether they lead to actual supply losses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Energy & Environm Syst Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oladosu, G (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Energy & Environm Syst Grp, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM oladosuga@ornl.gov RI Oladosu, Gbadebo/B-8970-2012; OI Oladosu, Gbadebo/0000-0003-4990-1996 NR 39 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD DEC PY 2009 VL 37 IS 12 BP 5417 EP 5426 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2009.08.002 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 528FD UT WOS:000272426500041 ER PT J AU Efroymson, R Jager, H Dale, V Westervelt, J AF Efroymson, Rebecca Jager, Henriette Dale, Virginia Westervelt, James TI A Framework for Developing Management Goals for Species at Risk with Examples from Military Installations in the United States SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Endangered species; Military installations; Species at risk; Causal analysis; Threats; Rare species; Trend analysis; Threatened species; Recovery; Recovery goals ID POPULATION VIABILITY ANALYSIS; RED-COCKADED WOODPECKERS; COLORADO RIVER; RECOVERY PLANS; HUMPBACK CHUB; DETECTING TRENDS; ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; EXTINCTION RISK; PROBABLE CAUSES; GRAND-CANYON AB A decision framework for setting management goals for species at risk is presented. Species at risk are those whose potential future rarity is of concern. Listing these species as threatened or endangered could potentially result in significant restrictions to activities in resource management areas in order to maintain those species. The decision framework, designed to foster proactive management, has nine steps: identify species at risk on and near the management area, describe available information and potential information gaps for each species, determine the potential distribution of species and their habitat, select metrics for describing species status, assess the status of local population or metapopulation, conduct threat assessment, set and prioritize management goals, develop species management plans, and develop criteria for ending special species management where possible. This framework will aid resource managers in setting management goals that minimally impact human activities while reducing the likelihood that species at risk will become rare in the near future. The management areas in many of the examples are United States (US) military installations, which are concerned about potential restrictions to military training capacity if species at risk become regulated under the US Endangered Species Act. The benefits of the proactive management set forth in this formal decision framework are that it is impartial, provides a clear procedure, calls for identification of causal relationships that may not be obvious, provides a way to target the most urgent needs, reduces costs, enhances public confidence, and, most importantly, decreases the chance of species becoming more rare. C1 [Efroymson, Rebecca; Jager, Henriette; Dale, Virginia] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Westervelt, James] USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. RP Efroymson, R (reprint author), 132 Maple Dr Asheville, Asheville, NC 28805 USA. EM efroymsonra@ornl.gov OI Jager, Henriette/0000-0003-4253-533X; Efroymson, Rebecca/0000-0002-3190-880X FU US Army Corps' Engineer Research and Development Center; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX We thank the US Army Corps' Engineer Research and Development Center for funding this work through the program on Habitat-centric Species at Risk (SAR) Research to Avoid Future Training Restrictions and the US Army Species at Risk Program. Dr. Tiomothy Hayden was the program manager. The project was conducted by Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), which is managed by the UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Some of the information cited herein was provided by NatureServe (http://www.natureserve.org/) and its natural heritage member programs, a leading source of information about rare and endangered species, and threatened ecosystems. NR 107 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1163 EP 1179 DI 10.1007/s00267-009-9385-6 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 530TN UT WOS:000272615300012 PM 19830479 ER PT J AU Baker, SE AF Baker, Scott E. TI Selection to sequence: opportunities in fungal genomics SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; HYPOCREA-JECORINA; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; GENE; PHYCOMYCES; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSFORMATION; TUBULIN; DNA C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Biol Proc Dev Grp, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Baker, SE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Biol Proc Dev Grp, Energy & Environm Directorate, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN P8-60, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM scott.baker@pnl.gov NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1462-2912 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 11 IS 12 BP 2955 EP 2958 DI 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02112.x PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 538KH UT WOS:000273182500001 PM 20025617 ER PT J AU Junier, P Frutschi, M Wigginton, NS Schofield, EJ Bargar, JR Bernier-Latmani, R AF Junier, Pilar Frutschi, Manon Wigginton, Nicholas S. Schofield, Eleanor J. Bargar, John R. Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan TI Metal reduction by spores of Desulfotomaculum reducens SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXTRACELLULAR ELECTRON-TRANSFER; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIUM; DEHALOGENANS STRAIN 2CP-C; ANAEROMYXOBACTER-DEHALOGENANS; URANIUM REDUCTION; U(VI) REDUCTION; BIOREMEDIATION; GROUNDWATER; SEDIMENT; CR(VI) AB P>The bioremediation of uranium-contaminated sites is designed to stimulate the activity of microorganisms able to catalyze the reduction of soluble U(VI) to the less soluble mineral UO(2). U(VI) reduction does not necessarily support growth in previously studied bacteria, but it typically involves viable vegetative cells and the presence of an appropriate electron donor. We characterized U(VI) reduction by the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfotomaculum reducens strain MI-1 grown fermentatively on pyruvate and observed that spores were capable of U(VI) reduction. Hydrogen gas - a product of pyruvate fermentation - rather than pyruvate, served as the electron donor. The presence of spent growth medium was required for the process, suggesting that an unknown factor produced by the cells was necessary for reduction. Ultrafiltration of the spent medium followed by U(VI) reduction assays revealed that the factor's molecular size was below 3 kDa. Pre-reduced spent medium displayed short-term U(VI) reduction activity, suggesting that the missing factor may be an electron shuttle, but neither anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic acid nor riboflavin rescued spore activity in fresh medium. Spores of D. reducens also reduced Fe(III)-citrate under experimental conditions similar to those for U(VI) reduction. This is the first report of a bacterium able to reduce metals while in a sporulated state and underscores the novel nature of the mechanism of metal reduction by strain MI-1. C1 [Junier, Pilar; Frutschi, Manon; Wigginton, Nicholas S.; Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Environm Microbiol Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Schofield, Eleanor J.; Bargar, John R.] Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Bernier-Latmani, R (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Environm Microbiol Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM rizlan.bernier-latmani@epfl.ch RI Wigginton, Nicholas/F-1747-2011; Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan/E-4398-2011 OI Wigginton, Nicholas/0000-0001-9161-6131; Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan/0000-0001-6547-722X FU Swiss National Science Foundation Division III [33100A0-112337]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-06ER64227]; BER-ERSD [SCW0041] FX This work was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation Division III through project 33100A0-112337 and through the US Department of Energy Grant Number DE-FG02-06ER64227. Support for this project was also provided by BER-ERSD Project Number SCW0041. Portions of this research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. We thank Brad Tebo and Anna Obraztsova for providing the D. reducens isolate, Felippe de Alencastro and the ISTE Central Environmental Laboratory for their great analytical support, Martin Schroth at ETHZ for access to the IC and Subrahmanyam Challapalli at EPFL for help in measuring H2. We are especially grateful to Dorothy Parker for her thorough and constructive comments on the manuscript. We also thank three anonymous reviewers whose feedback helped improve the manuscript. NR 42 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1462-2912 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 11 IS 12 BP 3007 EP 3017 DI 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02003.x PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 538KH UT WOS:000273182500007 PM 19601961 ER PT J AU Richmond, MC Perkins, WA AF Richmond, Marshall C. Perkins, William A. TI Efficient calculation of dewatered and entrapped areas using hydrodynamic modeling and GIS SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article CT 2nd International Conference on Asian Simulation and Modelling CY JAN 09-11, 2007 CL Chiang Mai, THAILAND DE Hydrodynamic model; GIS; Dewatering; Entrapment; Power peaking; Fish; Columbia River ID RAPID FLOW DECREASES; JUVENILE SALMONIDS; ATLANTIC SALMON; COLUMBIA RIVER; BROWN TROUT; TRUTTA; SALAR AB River waters downstream of a hydroelectric project are often subject to rapidly changing discharge. Abrupt decreases in discharge can quickly dewater and expose some areas and isolate other areas from the main river channel, potentially stranding or entrapping fish, which often results in mortality. A methodology is described to estimate the areas dewatered or entrapped by a specific reduction in upstream discharge and applied in a case study. A one-dimensional hydrodynamic model was used to simulate steady flows. Using flow simulation results from the model and a geographic information system (GIS), estimates of dewatered and entrapped areas were made for a wide discharge range. The methodology was applied to the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River in central Washington State. Results showed that a 280 m(3)/s discharge reduction affected the most area at discharges less than 3400 m(3)/s. At flows above 3400 m(3)/S, the affected area by a 280 m(3)/s discharge reduction (about 25 ha) was relatively constant. A 280 m(3)/s discharge reduction at lower flows affected about twice as much area. The methodology and resulting area estimates have been used to identify discharge regimes, and associated water surface elevations, that might be expected to minimize adverse impacts on juvenile fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) that rear in the shallow near-shore areas in the Hanford Reach. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Richmond, Marshall C.; Perkins, William A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Richmond, MC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM marshall.richmond@pnl.gov RI Richmond, Marshall/D-3915-2013 OI Richmond, Marshall/0000-0003-0111-1485 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1447 EP 1456 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2009.06.001 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 504JC UT WOS:000270611200011 ER PT J AU Harnly, ME Bradman, A Nishioka, M McKone, TE Smith, D McLaughlin, R Kavanagh-Baird, G Castorina, R Eskenazi, B AF Harnly, Martha E. Bradman, Asa Nishioka, Marcia McKone, Thomas E. Smith, Daniel McLaughlin, Robert Kavanagh-Baird, Geri Castorina, Rosemary Eskenazi, Brenda TI Pesticides in Dust from Homes in an Agricultural Area SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SALINAS VALLEY; CARPET DUST; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; ASSOCIATION; COMMUNITY; CHLORPYRIFOS; METABOLITES; DEPOSITION; CALIFORNIA AB We collected indoor dust samples from homes in the Salinas Valley of California. Of 22 pesticides measured in 504 samples, permethrins and the organophosphate chlorpyrifos were present in highest amounts. In multivariate Tobit regression models among samples from 197 separate residences, reported agricultural uses of chlorpyrifos, a herbicide (2,3,5,6-tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA)), and a fungicide (iprodione) on agricultural fields were significantly (p < 0.01) associated, with 83%, 19%, and 49% increases, respectively, in dust concentrations for each kg applied per day, near participant homes, in the month or season prior to sample collection. However, agricultural use of diazinon, which was 2.2 times that of chlorpyrifos, and of permethrin were not significantly associated with dust levels. Other variables independently associated with dust levels included temperature and rainfall, farmworkers storing work shoes in the home, storing a diazinon product in the home, housing density, having a home less clean, and having an air conditioner. Permethrins, chlorpyrifos, DCPA, and iprodione have either a log octanol-water partition coefficient (K(ow),) greater than 4.0, a very low vapor pressure, or both. Health risk assessments for pesticides that have these properties may need to include evaluation of exposures to house dust. C1 [Harnly, Martha E.; Smith, Daniel; McLaughlin, Robert] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Invest Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Bradman, Asa; Kavanagh-Baird, Geri; Castorina, Rosemary; Eskenazi, Brenda] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nishioka, Marcia] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [McKone, Thomas E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Harnly, ME (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Invest Branch, Richmond, CA USA. EM Martha.Harnly@cdph.ca.gov FU U.S. EPA; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R82679, PO1ES09605] FX This research was funded by the U.S. EPA and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (awards R82679 and PO1ES09605). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the U.S. EPA, NIEHS or CDPH. We thank Erin Weltzein, Elana Silver, and Jenny Farber for their contributions to statistical analysis, Michael Lipsett and Marta Lutsky for editing suggestions, and the CHAMACOS participants for their time and interest. NR 38 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 7 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 43 IS 23 BP 8767 EP 8774 DI 10.1021/es9020958 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 522ZM UT WOS:000272038900018 PM 19943644 ER PT J AU Norlund, KLI Southam, G Tyliszczak, T Hu, YF Karunakaran, C Obst, M Hitchcock, AP Warren, LA AF Norlund, Kelsey L. I. Southam, Gordon Tyliszczak, Tolek Hu, Yongfeng Karunakaran, Chithra Obst, Martin Hitchcock, Adam P. Warren, Lesley A. TI Microbial Architecture of Environmental Sulfur Processes: A Novel Syntrophic Sulfur-Metabolizing Consortia SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADVANCED LIGHT-SOURCE; X-RAY SPECTROMICROSCOPY; THIOBACILLUS-FERROOXIDANS; ELEMENTAL SULFUR; OXIDATION; BEAMLINE; MICROSCOPY; SPECIATION; DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY AB Microbial oxidation of sulfur-rich mining waste materials drives acid mine drainage (AMD) and affects the global sulfur biogeochemical cycle. The generation of AMD is a complex, dynamic process that proceeds via multiple reaction pathways. The role of natural consortia of microbes in AMD generation, however, has received very little attention despite their widespread occurrence in mining environments. Through a combination of geochemical experimentation and modeling, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, and fluorescent in situ hybridization, we show a novel interdependent metabolic arrangement of two ubiquitous and abundant AMD bacteria: chemoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing Acidithiobacillus sp. and heterotrophic Acidiphilium sp. Highly reminiscent of anaerobic methane oxidation (AOM) consortia, these bacteria are spatially segregated within a planktonic macrostructure of extracellular polymeric substance in which they syntrophically couple sulfur oxidation and reduction reactions in a mutually beneficial arrangement that regenerates their respective sulfur substrates. As discussed here, the geochemical impacts of microbial metabolism are linked to the consortial organization and development of the pod structure, which affects cell-cell interactions and interactions with the surrounding geochemical microenvironment. If these pods are widespread in mine waters, echoing the now widespread discovery of ADM consortia, then AMD-driven CO(2) atmospheric fluxes from H(2)SO(4) carbonate weathering could be reduced by as much as 26 TgC/yr. This novel sulfur consortial discovery indicates that organized metabolically linked microbial partnerships are likely widespread and more significant in global elemental cycling than previously considered. C1 [Norlund, Kelsey L. I.; Warren, Lesley A.] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Southam, Gordon] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. [Tyliszczak, Tolek] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hu, Yongfeng; Karunakaran, Chithra; Obst, Martin] Univ Saskatchewan, Canadian Light Source Inc, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C6, Canada. [Obst, Martin; Hitchcock, Adam P.] McMaster Univ, Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Obst, Martin; Hitchcock, Adam P.] McMaster Univ, Dept Chem, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. RP Warren, LA (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. EM warrenl@mcmaster.ca RI Southam, Gordon/D-1983-2013 OI Southam, Gordon/0000-0002-8941-1249 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); University of Western Ontario; National Research Council (NRC); Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR); University of Saskatchewan; Division of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy FX Research is supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and Canada Research Chairs Program, Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI). TEM was performed in the CFI-Ontario Innovation Trust (OTT)-funded Biotron at the University of Western Ontario. The S Is STXM and S 2p spectroscopy described in this paper were performed in part at the Canadian Light Source, which is supported by NSERC, National Research Council (NRC), Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), and the University of Saskatchewan. STXM was also measured at beamlines 5.3.2 (C Is) and 11.0.2 (S 2p) at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, which is supported by the Division of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy. Comments on earlier manuscript drafts by Patricia Maurice and James Smith are gratefully acknowledged. We thank Dr. James Dynes for assistance with obtaining reference compounds and Drs. Jian Wang and David Kilcoyne for assistance with operations of STXM5.3.2. NR 31 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 43 IS 23 BP 8781 EP 8786 DI 10.1021/es803616k PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 522ZM UT WOS:000272038900020 PM 19943646 ER PT J AU Berry, IM Athreya, G Kothari, M Daniels, M Bruno, WJ Korber, B Kuiken, C Ribeiro, RM Leitner, T AF Berry, Irina Maljkovic Athreya, Gayathri Kothari, Moulik Daniels, Marcus Bruno, William J. Korber, Bette Kuiken, Carla Ribeiro, Ruy M. Leitner, Thomas TI The evolutionary rate dynamically tracks changes in HIV-1 epidemics: Application of a simple method for optimizing the evolutionary rate in phylogenetic trees with longitudinal data SO EPIDEMICS LA English DT Article DE Viral evolution; Molecular epidemiology; Phylogeny; TreeRate AB Large-sequence datasets provide an opportunity to investigate the dynamics of pathogen epidemics. Thus, a fast method to estimate the evolutionary rate from large and numerous phylogenetic trees becomes necessary. Based on minimizing tip height variances, we optimize the root in a given phylogenetic tree to estimate the most homogenous evolutionary rate between samples from at least two different time points. Simulations showed that the method had no bias in the estimation of evolutionary rates and that it was robust to tree rooting and topological errors. We show that the evolutionary rates of HIV-1 subtype B and C epidemics have changed over time, with the rate of evolution inversely correlated to the rate of virus spread. For subtype B, the evolutionary rate slowed down and tracked the start of the HAART era in 1996. Subtype C in Ethiopia showed an increase in the evolutionary rate when the prevalence increase markedly slowed down in 1995. Thus, we show that the evolutionary rate of HIV-1 on the population level dynamically tracks epidemic events. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Berry, Irina Maljkovic] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Berry, Irina Maljkovic] Swedish Inst Infect Dis Control, Dept Virol, SE-17182 Solna, Sweden. [Berry, Irina Maljkovic] Karolinska Inst, Dept Microbiol Tumor & Cell Biol, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Leitner, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies CNLS, MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tkl@lanl.gov OI Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757; Ribeiro, Ruy/0000-0002-3988-8241 FU NIH/DOE [A1-YI-1500]; LANL [LA-UR 08-0806] FX This study was funded by a NIH/DOE interagency agreement (A1-YI-1500) and approved by LANL (LA-UR 08-0806). We thank Catherine Macken and Sydeaka Watson for their helpful discussions and technical assistance with the statistics of our analyses. NR 61 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1755-4365 J9 EPIDEMICS-NETH JI Epidemics PD DEC PY 2009 VL 1 IS 4 BP 230 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.epidem.2009.10.003 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V21UT UT WOS:000208233200004 ER PT J AU Diallo, SO Fak, B Adams, MA Vilches, OE Johnson, MR Schober, H Glyde, HR AF Diallo, S. O. Fak, B. Adams, M. A. Vilches, O. E. Johnson, M. R. Schober, H. Glyde, H. R. TI Dynamics of one-dimensional and two-dimensional helium adsorbed on carbon nanotubes SO EPL LA English DT Article ID ANDERSON LOCALIZATION; HE-4 FILMS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MONTE-CARLO; BUNDLES; FLUIDS; PHASE; NANOPORES; DISORDER; LATTICES AB We present inelastic neutron scattering measurements of the dynamics of helium adsorbed on carbon nanotube bundles. The goal is to determine the vibrational properties of the 1D and 2D quantum solids that are stabilized on the nanotube bundle surfaces at different fillings of (4)He. The mean square vibrational amplitude in the 1D solid is large with a Lindemann ratio of gamma(1D) =(< u2 >)(1/2)/a(1) = 0.25 comparable to bulk solid (4)He. The gamma(2D) is significantly smaller. The frequency density of states of the 2D solid, g(omega), has a gap at omega similar or equal to 0.75 meV consistent with a commensurate lattice. The 1D solid has no gap or a gap smeared by disorder. The 1D and 2D g(omega) are well described by dispersion curves having no gap and a gap, respectively, with some vibration along additional dimensions indicated. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2009 C1 [Diallo, S. O.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Diallo, S. O.; Glyde, H. R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Fak, B.] Commissariat Energie Atom, INAC, SPSMS, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Adams, M. A.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Vilches, O. E.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Johnson, M. R.; Schober, H.] Inst Laue Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. RP Diallo, SO (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM glyde@udel.edu RI Diallo, Souleymane/B-3111-2016 OI Diallo, Souleymane/0000-0002-3369-8391 FU NSF [0606078, 0907690]; DOE [DOE-FG02-03ER46038] FX We thank B. DEMIRDJIAN and M. BIENFAIT (CRMC-N, Luminy) for use of their sample cell and J. BOSSY (Institut Louis Neel, CNRS Grenoble) for use of his gas-handling system. We acknowledge J. Pearce for contributions to the early stages of this work and S. Jenkins and J.-P. GONZALES for invaluable technical assistance. OEV is supported by NSF grants 0606078 and 0907690 and HRG by DOE grant DOE-FG02-03ER46038. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY PI MULHOUSE PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT JI EPL PD DEC PY 2009 VL 88 IS 5 AR 56005 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/88/56005 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 533OW UT WOS:000272835100016 ER PT J AU Boyle, TJ Tribby, LJ Ottley, LAM Han, SM AF Boyle, Timothy J. Tribby, Louis J. Ottley, Leigh Anna M. Han, Sang M. TI Synthesis and Characterization of Germanium Coordination Compounds for Production of Germanium Nanomaterials SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Germanium; Nanomaterials; Alkoxides; Thiols; Amides; Solid-state structures ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; QUANTUM-CONFINEMENT; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; ALKOXIDE PRECURSORS; BIVALENT GERMANIUM; STABLE GERMYLENES; TIN(II) COMPOUNDS; METAL-COMPLEXES; GE NANOWIRES AB A series of novel germanium(II) precursors was synthesized to initiate an investigation between the precursors' structures and the morphologies of the resulting nanoparticles. The precursors were synthesized from the reaction of Ge[N(SiMe(3))(2)](2) or [Ge(OtBu)(2)](2) and the appropriate ligand: N,N ''-dibenzylethylenediamine (H(2)-DBED), tert-butyl alcohol (H-OtBu), 2,6-dimethylphenol (H-DMP), 2,6-diphenylphenol (HDPP), tert-butyldimethylsilanol (H-DMBS), triphenylsilanol (H-TPS), triphenylsilanethiol (H-TPST), and benzenethiol (H-PS). The products were identified as: [Ge(mu(c)-DBED)](2) (1, mu(c) = bridging chelating), [Ge(mu-DMP)(DMP)](2) (2), Ge(DPP)(2) (3), [Ge(mu-OtBu)(DMBS)](2), (4), [Ge(mu-DMBS)(DMBS)](2) (5), Ge(TPS)(3)(H) (6), [Ge(mu-TPST)(TPST)](2) (7), and Ge(PS)(4) (8). The Ge(II) metal centers were found to adopt a pyramidal geometry for 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, a bent arrangement for 3, and a tetrahedral coordination for the Ge(IV) species 6 and 8. Using a simple solution precipitation methodology, Gel nanomaterials were isolated as dots and wires for the majority of precursors. Compound 7 led to the isolation of amorphous Ge(x)S(y) The nanomaterials isolated were characterized by TEM(t) EDS, and powder XRD. A correlation between the precursor's arrangement and final observed nanomorphology was proffered as part of the "precursor structure affect" phenomenon. ((C) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) C1 [Boyle, Timothy J.; Ottley, Leigh Anna M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Tribby, Louis J.; Han, Sang M.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Nucl & Chem Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Boyle, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, 1001 Univ Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM tjboyle@Sandia.gov FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [NSF CBET-0756776]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1 R21 EB005365-01] FX This work was partially funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant NSF CBET-0756776, the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the Department of Energy, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) through the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research Grant #1 R21 EB005365-01. Information on this RFA (innovation in Molecular Imaging Probes) can be found at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-RM-04-021.html. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy Under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 96 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 25 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1434-1948 J9 EUR J INORG CHEM JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 IS 36 BP 5550 EP 5560 DI 10.1002/ejic.200900556 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 540YU UT WOS:000273378100011 ER PT J AU Herzberg, RD Moon, S Eeckhaudt, S Greenlees, PT Butler, PA Page, T Afanasjev, AV Amzal, N Bastin, JE Becker, F Bender, M Bruyneel, B Cocks, JFC Darby, IG Dorvaux, O Eskola, K Gerl, J Grahn, T Gray-Jones, C Hammond, NJ Hauschild, K Heenen, PH Helariutta, K Herzberg, A Hessberger, F Houry, M Hurstel, A Humphreys, RD Jones, GD Jones, PM Julin, R Juutinen, S Kankaanpaa, H Kettunen, H Khoo, TL Korten, W Kuusiniemi, P LeCoz, Y Leino, M Leppanen, AP Lister, CJ Lucas, R Muikku, M Nieminen, P Nyman, M Page, RD Page, T Pakarinen, J Pritchard, A Rahkila, P Reiter, P Sandzelius, M Saren, J Schlegel, C Scholey, C Theisen, C Trzaska, WH Uusitalo, J Wiens, A Wollersheim, HJ AF Herzberg, R. -D. Moon, S. Eeckhaudt, S. Greenlees, P. T. Butler, P. A. Page, T. Afanasjev, A. V. Amzal, N. Bastin, J. E. Becker, F. Bender, M. Bruyneel, B. Cocks, J. F. C. Darby, I. G. Dorvaux, O. Eskola, K. Gerl, J. Grahn, T. Gray-Jones, C. Hammond, N. J. Hauschild, K. Heenen, P. -H. Helariutta, K. Herzberg, A. Hessberger, F. Houry, M. Huerstel, A. Humphreys, R. D. Jones, G. D. Jones, P. M. Julin, R. Juutinen, S. Kankaanpaa, H. Kettunen, H. Khoo, T. L. Korten, W. Kuusiniemi, P. LeCoz, Y. Leino, M. Leppanen, A. -P. Lister, C. J. Lucas, R. Muikku, M. Nieminen, P. Nyman, M. Page, R. D. Page, T. Pakarinen, J. Pritchard, A. Rahkila, P. Reiter, P. Sandzelius, M. Saren, J. Schlegel, Ch. Scholey, C. Theisen, Ch. Trzaska, W. H. Uusitalo, J. Wiens, A. Wollersheim, H. J. TI Structure of rotational bands in No-253 SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID FILLED RECOIL SEPARATOR; IN-BEAM; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTROMETER; NUCLEI; DECAY AB In-beam gamma-ray and conversion electron spectroscopic studies have been performed on the No-253 nucleus. A strongly coupled rotational band has been identified and the improved statistics allows an assignment of the band structure as built on the 9/2(-)[734](nu) ground state. The results agree with previously known transition energies but disagree with the tentative structural assignments made in earlier work. C1 [Herzberg, R. -D.; Moon, S.; Butler, P. A.; Page, T.; Amzal, N.; Bastin, J. E.; Cocks, J. F. C.; Darby, I. G.; Grahn, T.; Gray-Jones, C.; Hammond, N. J.; Herzberg, A.; Humphreys, R. D.; Jones, G. D.; Page, R. D.; Page, T.; Pakarinen, J.; Pritchard, A.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Eeckhaudt, S.; Greenlees, P. T.; Dorvaux, O.; Grahn, T.; Helariutta, K.; Jones, P. M.; Julin, R.; Juutinen, S.; Kankaanpaa, H.; Kettunen, H.; Kuusiniemi, P.; LeCoz, Y.; Leino, M.; Leppanen, A. -P.; Muikku, M.; Nieminen, P.; Nyman, M.; Pakarinen, J.; Rahkila, P.; Sandzelius, M.; Saren, J.; Scholey, C.; Trzaska, W. H.; Uusitalo, J.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Afanasjev, A. V.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Becker, F.; Houry, M.; Huerstel, A.; Korten, W.; Lucas, R.; Theisen, Ch.] DAPNIA SPhN CEA Saclay, Saclay, France. [Bender, M.] Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. [Bender, M.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, Bordeaux, France. [Bruyneel, B.; Reiter, P.; Wiens, A.] Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphys, D-5000 Cologne 41, Germany. [Eskola, K.; Helariutta, K.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Gerl, J.; Hessberger, F.; Schlegel, Ch.; Wollersheim, H. J.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, Darmstadt, Germany. [Hauschild, K.] CNRS, IN2P3, CSNSM, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Heenen, P. -H.] Univ Libre Brussels, Serv Phys Nucl Theor, Brussels, Belgium. [Khoo, T. L.; Lister, C. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Herzberg, RD (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. EM R.Herzberg@Liverpool.ac.uk RI Gerl, Juergen/A-3255-2011; Hauschild, Karl/A-6726-2009; Pakarinen, Janne/F-6695-2010; Herzberg, Rolf-Dietmar/E-1558-2011; Houry, Michael/G-8021-2011; KORTEN, Wolfram/H-3043-2013; Scholey, Catherine/G-2720-2014; THEISEN, Christophe/A-9343-2015; Bender, Michael/B-9004-2009; OI Pakarinen, Janne/0000-0001-8944-8757; Scholey, Catherine/0000-0002-8743-6071; THEISEN, Christophe/0000-0002-8509-1022; Hammond, Neil/0000-0001-6390-8874; KORTEN, Wolfram/0000-0002-3940-0816; Butler, Peter/0000-0001-6080-9205 NR 23 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 IS 3 BP 333 EP 337 DI 10.1140/epja/i2009-10855-9 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 536HJ UT WOS:000273035200008 ER PT J AU Stefanescu, I Walters, WB Mantica, PF Brown, BA Davies, AD Estrade, A Hosmer, PT Hoteling, N Liddick, SN Rae, WDM Mertzimekis, TJ Montes, F Morton, AC Mueller, WF Ouellette, M Pellegrini, E Santi, P Seweryniak, D Schatz, H Shergur, J Stolz, A Stone, JR Tomlin, BE AF Stefanescu, I. Walters, W. B. Mantica, P. F. Brown, B. A. Davies, A. D. Estrade, A. Hosmer, P. T. Hoteling, N. Liddick, S. N. Rae, W. D. M. Mertzimekis, T. J. Montes, F. Morton, A. C. Mueller, W. F. Ouellette, M. Pellegrini, E. Santi, P. Seweryniak, D. Schatz, H. Shergur, J. Stolz, A. Stone, J. R. Tomlin, B. E. TI Spectroscopy of exotic Ag-121,Ag-123,Ag-125 produced in fragmentation reactions SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses (ENAM'08) CY SEP 07-13, 2008 CL Ryn, POLAND ID NEUTRON-RICH; ISOTOPES; DECAY; TRANSITION; BEAMS; CD; AG; PD AB Excited states in the neutron-rich Ag-121,Ag-123,Ag-125 were studied via the fragmentation of a Xe-136 beam at 120MeV/nucleon in a thick Be-9 target. The levels in Ag-121 were populated in the beta decay of Pd-121 while those assigned to Ag-123,Ag-125 were identified via isomer spectroscopy. The transitions identified in Ag-121 are consistent with the gamma-rays reported in Ag-117,Ag-119. The newly observed transitions were placed in the level schemes of Ag-123,Ag-125 based on the analysis of gamma-gamma coincidences and the systematics. We attribute the onset of isomerism in the Ag-123,Ag-125 isotopes to the drop in energy of the negative-parity levels similar to the 5(-) state in the even-even Cd cores. The proposed level scheme for Ag-125 is well described by the NuShellX shell model calculations. C1 [Stefanescu, I.; Walters, W. B.; Hoteling, N.; Shergur, J.; Stone, J. R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Stefanescu, I.; Hoteling, N.; Seweryniak, D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mantica, P. F.; Brown, B. A.; Davies, A. D.; Estrade, A.; Hosmer, P. T.; Liddick, S. N.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Montes, F.; Morton, A. C.; Mueller, W. F.; Ouellette, M.; Pellegrini, E.; Santi, P.; Schatz, H.; Stolz, A.; Tomlin, B. E.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Mantica, P. F.; Davies, A. D.; Liddick, S. N.; Tomlin, B. E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brown, B. A.; Estrade, A.; Hosmer, P. T.; Montes, F.; Ouellette, M.; Schatz, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Estrade, A.; Hosmer, P. T.; Montes, F.; Ouellette, M.; Pellegrini, E.; Santi, P.; Schatz, H.] Michigan State Univ, Joint Inst Nucl Astrophys, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Stone, J. R.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RP Stefanescu, I (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM stefanescu@phy.anl.gov RI Morton, Colin/K-1561-2015; Mertzimekis, Theo/A-3287-2008 OI Morton, Colin/0000-0003-0214-7551; Mertzimekis, Theo/0000-0001-9191-7903 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 IS 3 BP 407 EP 413 DI 10.1140/epja/i2008-10754-7 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 536HJ UT WOS:000273035200021 ER PT J AU Miernik, K Dominik, W Janas, Z Pfutzner, M Grigorenko, L Bingham, C Czyrkowski, H Cwiok, M Darby, IG Dabrowski, R Ginter, T Grzywacz, R Karny, M Korgul, A Kusmierz, W Liddick, SN Rajabali, M Rykaczewski, K Stolz, A AF Miernik, K. Dominik, W. Janas, Z. Pfuetzner, M. Grigorenko, L. Bingham, C. Czyrkowski, H. Cwiok, M. Darby, I. G. Dabrowski, R. Ginter, T. Grzywacz, R. Karny, M. Korgul, A. Kusmierz, W. Liddick, S. N. Rajabali, M. Rykaczewski, K. Stolz, A. TI Two-proton radioactivity of Fe-45 SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses (ENAM'08) CY SEP 07-13, 2008 CL Ryn, POLAND ID CHAMBER; PROTON; NUCLEI AB The decay of the extremely neutron-deficient isotope Fe-45 has been studied by using a new type of gaseous detector in which a technique of optical imaging is used to record tracks of charged particles. The two-proton radioactivity and the beta-decay channels were clearly identified. For the first time, the angular and energy correlations between two protons emitted from the Fe-45 ground state were measured. The obtained results were confronted with predictions of a three-body model. C1 [Miernik, K.; Dominik, W.; Janas, Z.; Pfuetzner, M.; Czyrkowski, H.; Cwiok, M.; Dabrowski, R.; Karny, M.; Korgul, A.; Kusmierz, W.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Grigorenko, L.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. [Bingham, C.; Darby, I. G.; Grzywacz, R.; Liddick, S. N.; Rajabali, M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ginter, T.; Stolz, A.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Rykaczewski, K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Miernik, K (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. EM kmiernik@fuw.edu.pl NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 IS 3 BP 431 EP 439 DI 10.1140/epja/i2009-10781-x PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 536HJ UT WOS:000273035200024 ER PT J AU Bardayan, DW Chipps, KA Fitzgerald, RP Blackmon, JC Chae, KY Champagne, AE Greife, U Hatarik, R Kozub, RL Matei, C Moazen, BH Nesaraja, CD Pain, SD Peters, WA Pittman, ST Shriner, JF Smith, M AF Bardayan, D. W. Chipps, K. A. Fitzgerald, R. P. Blackmon, J. C. Chae, K. Y. Champagne, A. E. Greife, U. Hatarik, R. Kozub, R. L. Matei, C. Moazen, B. H. Nesaraja, C. D. Pain, S. D. Peters, W. A. Pittman, S. T. Shriner, J. F., Jr. Smith, M. S. TI Direct measurements of (p,gamma) cross-sections at astrophysical energies using radioactive beams and the Daresbury Recoil Separator SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses (ENAM'08) CY SEP 07-13, 2008 CL Ryn, POLAND ID NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; HRIBF AB There are a number of astrophysical environments in which the path of nucleosynthesis proceeds through proton-rich nuclei. These nuclei have traditionally not been available as beams, and thus proton-capture reactions on these nuclei could only be studied indirectly. At the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF), some of the first direct measurements of (p,gamma) cross-sections on radioactive beams have been made. The Daresbury Recoil Separator (DRS) has been used to separate the recoils of interest from the unreacted primary beam and identify them in an isobutane-filled ionization counter. First data from (17)F(p,gamma) (18)Ne and (7)Be(p,gamma)(8)B measurements are presented. C1 [Bardayan, D. W.; Blackmon, J. C.; Nesaraja, C. D.; Pain, S. D.; Smith, M. S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chipps, K. A.; Greife, U.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Fitzgerald, R. P.; Champagne, A. E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Blackmon, J. C.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Chae, K. Y.; Moazen, B. H.; Pittman, S. T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Hatarik, R.; Pain, S. D.; Peters, W. A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Kozub, R. L.; Shriner, J. F., Jr.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Matei, C.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Bardayan, DW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM bardayandw@ornl.gov RI Pain, Steven/E-1188-2011; Peters, William/B-3214-2012; Fitzgerald, Ryan/H-6132-2016; Matei, Catalin/B-2586-2008; OI Pain, Steven/0000-0003-3081-688X; Peters, William/0000-0002-3022-4924; Matei, Catalin/0000-0002-2254-3853; Chipps, Kelly/0000-0003-3050-1298; Nesaraja, Caroline/0000-0001-5571-8341 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 IS 3 BP 457 EP 460 DI 10.1140/epja/i2008-10737-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 536HJ UT WOS:000273035200028 ER PT J AU Schumaker, MA Cline, D Hackman, G Pearson, C Svensson, CE Wu, CY Andreyev, A Austin, RAE Ball, GC Bandyopadhyay, D Becker, JA Boston, AJ Boston, HC Buchmann, L Churchman, R Cifarelli, F Cooper, RJ Cross, DS Dashdorj, D Demand, GA Dimmock, MR Drake, TE Finlay, P Gallant, AT Garrett, PE Green, KL Grint, AN Grinyer, GF Harkness, LJ Hayes, AB Kanungo, R Lisetskiy, AF Leach, KG Lee, G Maharaj, R Martin, JP Moisan, F Morton, AC Mythili, S Nelson, L Newman, O Nolan, PJ Orce, JN Padilla-Rodal, E Phillips, AA Porter-Peden, M Ressler, JJ Roy, R Ruiz, C Sarazin, F Scraggs, DP Waddington, JC Wan, JM Whitbeck, A Williams, SJ Wong, J AF Schumaker, M. A. Cline, D. Hackman, G. Pearson, C. Svensson, C. E. Wu, C. Y. Andreyev, A. Austin, R. A. E. Ball, G. C. Bandyopadhyay, D. Becker, J. A. Boston, A. J. Boston, H. C. Buchmann, L. Churchman, R. Cifarelli, F. Cooper, R. J. Cross, D. S. Dashdorj, D. Demand, G. A. Dimmock, M. R. Drake, T. E. Finlay, P. Gallant, A. T. Garrett, P. E. Green, K. L. Grint, A. N. Grinyer, G. F. Harkness, L. J. Hayes, A. B. Kanungo, R. Lisetskiy, A. F. Leach, K. G. Lee, G. Maharaj, R. Martin, J-P. Moisan, F. Morton, A. C. Mythili, S. Nelson, L. Newman, O. Nolan, P. J. Orce, J. N. Padilla-Rodal, E. Phillips, A. A. Porter-Peden, M. Ressler, J. J. Roy, R. Ruiz, C. Sarazin, F. Scraggs, D. P. Waddington, J. C. Wan, J. M. Whitbeck, A. Williams, S. J. Wong, J. TI Coulomb excitation of radioactive Na-20,Na-21 SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses (ENAM'08) CY SEP 07-13, 2008 CL Ryn, POLAND ID HPGE CLOVER DETECTOR; NUCLEAR-DATA SHEETS; EXCITED STATE; TIGRESS; MOMENT; NA-21 AB The low-energy structures of the radioactive nuclei Na-20,Na-21 have been examined using Coulomb excitation at the TRIUMF-ISAC radioactive ion beam facility. Beams of similar to 5 x 10(6) ions/s were accelerated to 1.7MeV/A and Coulomb excited in a 0.5 mg/cm(2) Ti-nat target. Two TIGRESS HPGe clover detectors perpendicular to the beam axis were used for.-ray detection, while scattered nuclei were observed by the Si detector BAMBINO. For Na-21, Coulomb excitation from the 3/2(+) ground state to the first excited 5/2(+) state was observed, while for Na-20, Coulomb excitation was observed from the 3/2(+) ground state to the first excited 3(+) and 4(+) states. For both beams, B(lambda L) values were determined using the 2(+) -> 0(+) de-excitation in Ti-48 as a reference. The resulting B(E2)down arrow value for Na-21 is 137 +/- 9 e(2)fm(4), while the resulting B(lambda L)down arrow values for Na-20 are 55 pi 6e(2)fm(4) for the 3(+) -> 2(+), 35.7 +/- 5.7 e(2) fm(4) for the 4(+)-> (2)+, and 0.154 +/- 0.030 mu N-2 for the 4+. 3+ transitions. This analysis significantly improves the measurement of the Na-21 B(E2) value, and provides the first experimental determination of B(lambda L) values for the proton dripline nucleus Na-20. C1 [Schumaker, M. A.; Svensson, C. E.; Bandyopadhyay, D.; Demand, G. A.; Finlay, P.; Garrett, P. E.; Green, K. L.; Grinyer, G. F.; Leach, K. G.; Phillips, A. A.; Wong, J.] Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Cline, D.; Hayes, A. B.; Whitbeck, A.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Hackman, G.; Pearson, C.; Andreyev, A.; Ball, G. C.; Buchmann, L.; Churchman, R.; Cifarelli, F.; Garrett, P. E.; Kanungo, R.; Lee, G.; Maharaj, R.; Morton, A. C.; Mythili, S.; Newman, O.; Orce, J. N.; Padilla-Rodal, E.; Ruiz, C.; Williams, S. J.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Wu, C. Y.; Becker, J. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Austin, R. A. E.; Gallant, A. T.; Kanungo, R.] St Marys Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada. [Boston, A. J.; Boston, H. C.; Cooper, R. J.; Dimmock, M. R.; Grint, A. N.; Harkness, L. J.; Nelson, L.; Nolan, P. J.; Scraggs, D. P.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Cross, D. S.; Ressler, J. J.; Wan, J. M.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Chem, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Dashdorj, D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Drake, T. E.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Lisetskiy, A. F.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Martin, J-P.] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Moisan, F.; Roy, R.] Univ Laval, Dept Phys Genie Phys & Opt, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. [Mythili, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Newman, O.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. [Orce, J. N.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Sarazin, F.; Waddington, J. C.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. RP Schumaker, MA (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM mschumak@uoguelph.ca RI Morton, Colin/K-1561-2015; OI Morton, Colin/0000-0003-0214-7551; Gallant, Aaron/0000-0001-7445-9656; Leach, Kyle/0000-0002-4751-1698 NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 IS 3 BP 477 EP 484 DI 10.1140/epja/i2009-10816-4 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 536HJ UT WOS:000273035200032 ER PT J AU Podolyak, Z Steer, SJ Pietri, S Gorska, M Regan, PH Rudolph, D Garnsworthy, AB Hoischen, R Gerl, J Wollersheim, HJ Grawe, H Maier, KH Becker, F Bednarczyk, P Caceres, L Doornenbal, P Geissel, H Grebosz, J Kelic, A Kojouharov, I Kurz, N Montes, F Prokopowicz, W Saito, T Schaffner, H Tashenov, S Heinz, A Kurtukian-Nieto, T Benzoni, G Pfutzner, M Jungclaus, A Balabanski, DL Brandau, C Brown, BA Bruce, AM Catford, WN Cullen, IJ Dombradi, Z Estevez, ME Gelletly, W Ilie, G Jolie, J Jones, GA Kmiecik, M Kondev, FG Krucken, R Lalkovski, S Liu, Z Maj, A Myalski, S Schwertel, S Shizuma, T Walker, PM Werner-Malento, E Wieland, O AF Podolyak, Zs. Steer, S. J. Pietri, S. Gorska, M. Regan, P. H. Rudolph, D. Garnsworthy, A. B. Hoischen, R. Gerl, J. Wollersheim, H. J. Grawe, H. Maier, K. H. Becker, F. Bednarczyk, P. Caceres, L. Doornenbal, P. Geissel, H. Grebosz, J. Kelic, A. Kojouharov, I. Kurz, N. Montes, F. Prokopowicz, W. Saito, T. Schaffner, H. Tashenov, S. Heinz, A. Kurtukian-Nieto, T. Benzoni, G. Pfuetzner, M. Jungclaus, A. Balabanski, D. L. Brandau, C. Brown, B. A. Bruce, A. M. Catford, W. N. Cullen, I. J. Dombradi, Zs. Estevez, M. E. Gelletly, W. Ilie, G. Jolie, J. Jones, G. A. Kmiecik, M. Kondev, F. G. Kruecken, R. Lalkovski, S. Liu, Z. Maj, A. Myalski, S. Schwertel, S. Shizuma, T. Walker, P. M. Werner-Malento, E. Wieland, O. TI Structure of neutron-rich nuclei around the N=126 closed shell; the yrast structure of Au-205(126) up to spin-parity I-pi = (19/2(+)) SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses (ENAM'08) CY SEP 07-13, 2008 CL Ryn, POLAND ID ISOMER SPECTROSCOPY; FRAGMENTATION; ISOTOPES; PB-208; STATES; U-238 AB Heavy neutron-rich nuclei have been populated through the relativistic fragmentation of a Pb-208(82) beam at E/A = 1 GeV on a 2.5 g/cm(2) thick Be target. The synthesised nuclei were selected and identified in-flight using the fragment separator at GSI. Approximately 300 ns after production, the selected nuclei were implanted in an similar to 8 mm thick perspex stopper, positioned at the centre of the RISING gamma-ray detector spectrometer array. A previously unreported isomer with a half-life T-1/2 = 163(5) ns has been observed in the N = 126 closed-shell nucleus Au-205(79). Through gamma-ray singles and gamma-gamma coincidence analysis a level scheme was established. The comparison with a shell model calculation tentatively identifies the spin-parity of the excited states, including the isomer itself, which is found to be I-pi = (19/2(+)). C1 [Podolyak, Zs.; Steer, S. J.; Pietri, S.; Regan, P. H.; Garnsworthy, A. B.; Brandau, C.; Brown, B. A.; Catford, W. N.; Cullen, I. J.; Gelletly, W.; Jones, G. A.; Liu, Z.; Shizuma, T.; Walker, P. M.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. [Gorska, M.; Gerl, J.; Wollersheim, H. J.; Becker, F.; Bednarczyk, P.; Caceres, L.; Doornenbal, P.; Geissel, H.; Grebosz, J.; Kelic, A.; Kojouharov, I.; Kurz, N.; Montes, F.; Prokopowicz, W.; Saito, T.; Schaffner, H.; Tashenov, S.; Werner-Malento, E.] GSI Darmstadt, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Rudolph, D.; Hoischen, R.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Garnsworthy, A. B.; Heinz, A.] Yale Univ, WNSL, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Maier, K. H.; Bednarczyk, P.; Grebosz, J.; Kmiecik, M.; Maj, A.; Myalski, S.] Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Maier, K. H.] Univ W Scotland, Dept Phys, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland. [Caceres, L.; Jungclaus, A.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. [Doornenbal, P.; Ilie, G.; Jolie, J.] Univ Cologne, IKP, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Kurtukian-Nieto, T.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Benzoni, G.; Wieland, O.] Univ Milan, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Pfuetzner, M.] Warsaw Univ, IEP, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Balabanski, D. L.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, INRNE, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Brown, B. A.] Michigan State Univ, NSCL, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bruce, A. M.; Lalkovski, S.] Univ Brighton, Sch Environm & Technol, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. [Dombradi, Zs.] Inst Nucl Res, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. [Estevez, M. E.] Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain. [Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kruecken, R.; Schwertel, S.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-8046 Garching, Germany. [Kruecken, R.; Shizuma, T.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Kizu, Kyoto 6190215, Japan. RP Podolyak, Z (reprint author), Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. EM Z.Podolyak@surrey.ac.uk RI Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013; Gerl, Juergen/A-3255-2011; Wieland, Oliver/G-1784-2011; Dombradi, Zsolt/B-3743-2012; Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Kurtukian-Nieto, Teresa/J-1707-2014; Bruce, Alison/K-7663-2016 OI Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042; Kurtukian-Nieto, Teresa/0000-0002-0028-0220; Bruce, Alison/0000-0003-2871-0517 NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 IS 3 BP 489 EP 493 DI 10.1140/epja/i2009-10794-5 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 536HJ UT WOS:000273035200034 ER PT J AU Bacca, S Schwenk, A Hagen, G Papenbrock, T AF Bacca, S. Schwenk, A. Hagen, G. Papenbrock, T. TI Helium halo nuclei from low-momentum interactions SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses (ENAM'08) CY SEP 07-13, 2008 CL Ryn, POLAND ID EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY; SYSTEMS; MODEL; CONVERGENCE; FORCES; MATTER AB We present ground-state energies of helium halo nuclei based on chiral low-momentum interactions, using the hyperspherical-harmonics method for He-6 and coupled-cluster theory for He-8, with correct asymptotics for the extended halo structure. C1 [Bacca, S.; Schwenk, A.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Hagen, G.; Papenbrock, T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Papenbrock, T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Bacca, S (reprint author), TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. EM bacca@triumf.ca; schwenk@triumf.ca; hageng@ornl.gov; tpapenbr@utk.edu RI Hagen, Gaute/I-6146-2012 OI Papenbrock, Thomas/0000-0001-8733-2849; Hagen, Gaute/0000-0001-6019-1687 NR 47 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 IS 3 BP 553 EP 558 DI 10.1140/epja/i2009-10815-5 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 536HJ UT WOS:000273035200044 ER PT J AU Pei, JC Nazarewicz, W Stoitsov, M AF Pei, J. C. Nazarewicz, W. Stoitsov, M. TI Coordinate-space Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov description of superfluid Fermi systems SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses (ENAM'08) CY SEP 07-13, 2008 CL Ryn, POLAND ID MEAN-FIELD CALCULATIONS; GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; NEUTRON-DRIP-LINE; NUCLEI; DEFORMATION; EQUATIONS; ISOTOPES AB Properties of strongly interacting, two-component finite Fermi systems are discussed within the recently developed coordinate-space Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) code HFB-AX. This solver is capable of treating the salient features of weakly bound and extremely deformed systems. Two illustrative examples are presented: i) neutron-rich deformed Mg isotopes, and ii) spin-polarized atomic condensates in a strongly deformed harmonic trap. C1 [Pei, J. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Pei, J. C.; Nazarewicz, W.; Stoitsov, M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Nazarewicz, W.] Warsaw Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Stoitsov, M.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Pei, J. C.; Nazarewicz, W.; Stoitsov, M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Pei, JC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM peij@ornl.gov RI Pei, Junchen/E-3532-2010 NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 IS 3 BP 595 EP 599 DI 10.1140/epja/i2009-10797-2 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 536HJ UT WOS:000273035200051 ER PT J AU Buchmueller, O Cavanaugh, R De Roeck, A Ellis, JR Flaecher, H Heinemeyer, S Isidori, G Olive, KA Ronga, FJ Weiglein, G AF Buchmueller, O. Cavanaugh, R. De Roeck, A. Ellis, J. R. Flaecher, H. Heinemeyer, S. Isidori, G. Olive, K. A. Ronga, F. J. Weiglein, G. TI Likelihood functions for supersymmetric observables in frequentist analyses of the CMSSM and NUHM1 SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Review ID LARGE TAN-BETA; NEUTRALINO DARK-MATTER; HIGGS-BOSON SEARCHES; ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC-MOMENT; RELIC DENSITY; STANDARD MODEL; MINIMAL SUPERGRAVITY; BENCHMARK SCENARIOS; HADRON COLLIDERS; PARAMETER SPACE AB On the basis of frequentist analyses of experimental constraints from electroweak precision data, (g-2) (mu) , B-physics and cosmological data, we investigate the parameters of the constrained MSSM (CMSSM) with universal soft supersymmetry-breaking mass parameters, and a model with common non-universal Higgs masses (NUHM1). We present chi (2) likelihood functions for the masses of supersymmetric particles and Higgs bosons, as well as BR(b -> s gamma), BR(B (s) ->mu (+) mu (-)) and the spin-independent dark-matter scattering cross section, sigma (p) (SI) . In the CMSSM we find preferences for sparticle masses that are relatively light. In the NUHM1 the best-fit values for many sparticle masses are even slightly smaller, but with greater uncertainties. The likelihood functions for most sparticle masses are cut off sharply at small masses, in particular by the LEP Higgs mass constraint. Both in the CMSSM and the NUHM1, the coannihilation region is favored over the focus-point region at about the 3-sigma level, largely but not exclusively because of (g-2) (mu) . Many sparticle masses are highly correlated in both the CMSSM and NUHM1, and most of the regions preferred at the 95% C.L. are accessible to early LHC running, though high-luminosity running would be needed to cover the regions allowed at the 3-sigma levels. Some slepton and chargino/neutralino masses should be in reach at the ILC. The masses of the heavier Higgs bosons should be accessible at the LHC and the ILC in portions of the preferred regions in the (M (A) ,tan beta) plane. In the CMSSM, the likelihood function for BR(B (s) ->mu (+) mu (-)) is peaked close to the Standard Model value, but much larger values are possible in the NUHM1. We find that values of sigma (p) (SI) > 10(-10) pb are preferred in both the CMSSM and the NUHM1. We study the effects of dropping the (g-2) (mu) , BR(b -> s gamma), Omega (chi) h (2) and M (h) constraints, demonstrating that they are not in tension with the other constraints. C1 [Buchmueller, O.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, High Energy Phys Grp, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Cavanaugh, R.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Cavanaugh, R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [De Roeck, A.; Ellis, J. R.; Flaecher, H.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [De Roeck, A.] Univ Antwerp, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Flaecher, H.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Heinemeyer, S.] CSIC UC, Inst Fis Cantabria, Santander 39005, Spain. [Isidori, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Olive, K. A.] Univ Minnesota, William I Fine Theoret Phys Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Ronga, F. J.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Weiglein, G.] Univ Durham, IPPP, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Buchmueller, O (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, High Energy Phys Grp, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM frederic.ronga@cern.ch RI Ellis, John/J-2222-2012; OI Ellis, John/0000-0002-7399-0813; Olive, Keith/0000-0001-7201-5998 FU European Community [MRTN-CT-2006-035505, MRTN-CT-2006-035482]; Spanish MEC; FEDER [FPA2005-01678]; CICYT [FPA 200766387]; DOE [DE-FG02-94ER-40823] FX We thank P. Paradisi for earlier collaboration underlying this work, as well as B. Cousins and P. Sandick for helpful discussions. This work was supported in part by the European Community's Marie-Curie Research Training Network under contracts MRTN-CT-2006-035505 'Tools and Precision Calculations for Physics Discoveries at Colliders' and MRTN-CT-2006-035482 'FLAVIAnet', and by the Spanish MEC and FEDER under grant FPA2005-01678. The work of S. H. was supported in part by CICYT (grant FPA 200766387), and the work of K. A. O. was supported in part by DOE grant DE-FG02-94ER-40823 at the University of Minnesota. NR 153 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 64 IS 3 BP 391 EP 415 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-009-1159-z PG 25 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 515WV UT WOS:000271504500005 ER PT J AU Blanco-Covarrubias, A Engelfried, J Akgun, U Alkhazov, G Amaro-Reyes, J Atamantchouk, AG Ayan, AS Balatz, MY Bondar, NF Cooper, PS Dauwe, LJ Davidenko, GV Dersch, U Dolgolenko, AG Dzyubenko, GB Edelstein, R Emediato, L Endler, AMF Eschrich, I Escobar, CO Estrada, N Evdokimov, AV Filimonov, IS Flores-Castillo, A Garcia, FG Golovtsov, VL Gouffon, P Gulmez, E Iori, M Jun, SY Kaya, M Kilmer, J Kim, VT Kochenda, LM Konorov, I Kozhevnikov, AP Krivshich, AG Kruger, H Kubantsev, MA Kubarovsky, VP Kulyavtsev, AI Kuropatkin, NP Kurshetsov, VF Kushnirenko, A Lach, J Landsberg, LG Larin, I Leikin, EM Lopez-Hinojosa, G Lungov, T Maleev, VP Mao, D Mathew, P Mattson, M Matveev, V McCliment, E Moinester, MA Molchanov, VV Morelos, A Nemitkin, AV Neoustroev, PV Newsom, C Nilov, AP Nurushev, SB Ocherashvili, A Onel, Y Ozkorucuklu, S Penzo, A Petrenko, SV Procario, M Prutskoi, VA Razmyslovich, BV Rud, VI Russ, J Sanchez-Lopez, JL Simon, J Sitnikov, AI Smith, VJ Srivastava, M Steiner, V Stepanov, V Stutte, L Svoiski, M Terentyev, NK Torres, I Uvarov, LN Vasiliev, AN Vavilov, DV Vazquez-Jauregui, E Verebryusov, VS Victorov, VA Vishnyakov, VE Vorobyov, AA Vorwalter, K You, J Zukanovich-Funchal, R AF Blanco-Covarrubias, A. Engelfried, J. Akgun, U. Alkhazov, G. Amaro-Reyes, J. Atamantchouk, A. G. Ayan, A. S. Balatz, M. Y. Bondar, N. F. Cooper, P. S. Dauwe, L. J. Davidenko, G. V. Dersch, U. Dolgolenko, A. G. Dzyubenko, G. B. Edelstein, R. Emediato, L. Endler, A. M. F. Eschrich, I. Escobar, C. O. Estrada, N. Evdokimov, A. V. Filimonov, I. S. Flores-Castillo, A. Garcia, F. G. Golovtsov, V. L. Gouffon, P. Guelmez, E. Iori, M. Jun, S. Y. Kaya, M. Kilmer, J. Kim, V. T. Kochenda, L. M. Konorov, I. Kozhevnikov, A. P. Krivshich, A. G. Krueger, H. Kubantsev, M. A. Kubarovsky, V. P. Kulyavtsev, A. I. Kuropatkin, N. P. Kurshetsov, V. F. Kushnirenko, A. Lach, J. Landsberg, L. G. Larin, I. Leikin, E. M. Lopez-Hinojosa, G. Lungov, T. Maleev, V. P. Mao, D. Mathew, P. Mattson, M. Matveev, V. McCliment, E. Moinester, M. A. Molchanov, V. V. Morelos, A. Nemitkin, A. V. Neoustroev, P. V. Newsom, C. Nilov, A. P. Nurushev, S. B. Ocherashvili, A. Onel, Y. Ozkorucuklu, S. Penzo, A. Petrenko, S. V. Procario, M. Prutskoi, V. A. Razmyslovich, B. V. Rud, V. I. Russ, J. Sanchez-Lopez, J. L. Simon, J. Sitnikov, A. I. Smith, V. J. Srivastava, M. Steiner, V. Stepanov, V. Stutte, L. Svoiski, M. Terentyev, N. K. Torres, I. Uvarov, L. N. Vasiliev, A. N. Vavilov, D. V. Vazquez-Jauregui, E. Verebryusov, V. S. Victorov, V. A. Vishnyakov, V. E. Vorobyov, A. A. Vorwalter, K. You, J. Zukanovich-Funchal, R. CA SELEX Collaboration TI Nuclear dependence of charm production SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION; GEV/C-PI-INTERACTIONS; A-DEPENDENCE; FIXED-TARGET; INCLUSIVE PRODUCTION; PROTON INTERACTIONS; MESON PRODUCTION; 300-GEV PROTONS; HEAVY-FLAVOR; COLLISIONS AB Using data taken by SELEX during the 1996-1997 fixed target run at Fermilab, we study the production of charmed hadrons on copper and carbon targets with Sigma(-), p, pi(-), and pi(+) beams. Parametrizing the dependence of the inclusive production cross section on the atomic number A as A(alpha), we determine alpha for D(+), D(0), D(s)(+), D(+)(2010), Lambda(+)(c), and their respective anti-particles, as a function of their transverse momentum p(t) and scaled longitudinal momentum x(F). Within our statistics there is no dependence of alpha on x(F) for any charm species for the interval 0.1 < x(F) < 1.0. The average value of alpha for charm production by pion beams is alpha(meson) = 0.850 +/- 0.028. This is somewhat larger than the corresponding average alpha(baryon) = 0.755 +/- 0.016 for charm production by baryon beams (Sigma(-), p). C1 [Blanco-Covarrubias, A.; Engelfried, J.; Amaro-Reyes, J.; Estrada, N.; Flores-Castillo, A.; Lopez-Hinojosa, G.; Morelos, A.; Sanchez-Lopez, J. L.; Vazquez-Jauregui, E.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Inst Fis, San Luis Potosi 78246, Mexico. [Guelmez, E.] Bogazici Univ, TR-80815 Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey. [Edelstein, R.; Jun, S. Y.; Kulyavtsev, A. I.; Kushnirenko, A.; Mao, D.; Mathew, P.; Mattson, M.; Procario, M.; Russ, J.; Terentyev, N. K.; You, J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Endler, A. M. F.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Cooper, P. S.; Garcia, F. G.; Kilmer, J.; Kulyavtsev, A. I.; Kuropatkin, N. P.; Lach, J.; Stutte, L.; You, J.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kozhevnikov, A. P.; Kubarovsky, V. P.; Kurshetsov, V. F.; Kushnirenko, A.; Landsberg, L. G.; Molchanov, V. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Petrenko, S. V.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Vavilov, D. V.; Victorov, V. A.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Balatz, M. Y.; Davidenko, G. V.; Dolgolenko, A. G.; Dzyubenko, G. B.; Evdokimov, A. V.; Kubantsev, M. A.; Larin, I.; Matveev, V.; Nilov, A. P.; Prutskoi, V. A.; Sitnikov, A. I.; Verebryusov, V. S.; Vishnyakov, V. E.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Dersch, U.; Eschrich, I.; Konorov, I.; Krueger, H.; Simon, J.; Vorwalter, K.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Filimonov, I. S.; Leikin, E. M.; Nemitkin, A. V.; Rud, V. I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Alkhazov, G.; Atamantchouk, A. G.; Bondar, N. F.; Golovtsov, V. L.; Kim, V. T.; Kochenda, L. M.; Krivshich, A. G.; Kuropatkin, N. P.; Maleev, V. P.; Neoustroev, P. V.; Razmyslovich, B. V.; Stepanov, V.; Svoiski, M.; Terentyev, N. K.; Uvarov, L. N.; Vorobyov, A. A.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Moinester, M. A.; Ocherashvili, A.; Steiner, V.] Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Smith, V. J.] Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Akgun, U.; Ayan, A. S.; Kaya, M.; McCliment, E.; Newsom, C.; Onel, Y.; Ozkorucuklu, S.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Dauwe, L. J.] Univ Michigan Flint, Flint, MI 48502 USA. [Iori, M.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Iori, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. [Emediato, L.; Escobar, C. O.; Garcia, F. G.; Gouffon, P.; Lungov, T.; Srivastava, M.; Zukanovich-Funchal, R.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Penzo, A.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Penzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. RP Blanco-Covarrubias, A (reprint author), Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Inst Fis, Manuel Nova 6,Zona Univ, San Luis Potosi 78246, Mexico. EM jurgen@ifisica.uaslp.mx RI Zukanovich Funchal, Renata/C-5829-2013; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Gouffon, Philippe/I-4549-2012; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 OI iori, maurizio/0000-0002-6349-0380; Jun, Soon Yung/0000-0003-3370-6109; Zukanovich Funchal, Renata/0000-0001-6749-0022; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Gouffon, Philippe/0000-0001-7511-4115; FU Bundesministerium fur Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico; Fondo de Apoyo a la Investigacion (UASLP); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); International Science Foundation (ISF); National Science Foundation [9602178]; NATO [CR6.941058-1360/94]; Russian Academy of Science; Russian Ministry of Science and Technology; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [08-02-00657]; Secretaria de Educacion Publica (Mexico) [2003-24-001-026]; Turkish Scientific and Technological Research Board (TUBITAK); U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-91ER40664, DE-AC02-76CHO3000] FX We thank S. Brodsky (SLAC) for useful discussions. The authors are indebted to the staff of Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and for invaluable technical support from the staffs of collaborating institutions. This project was supported in part by Bundesministerium fur Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Fondo de Apoyo a la Investigacion (UASLP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), the Israel Science Foundation founded by the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the International Science Foundation (ISF), the National Science Foundation (Phy #9602178), NATO (grant CR6.941058-1360/94), the Russian Academy of Science, the Russian Ministry of Science and Technology, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant 08-02-00657), the Secretaria de Educacion Publica (Mexico) (grant number 2003-24-001-026), the Turkish Scientific and Technological Research Board (TUBITAK), and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE grant DE-FG02-91ER40664 and DOE contract number DE-AC02-76CHO3000). NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 64 IS 4 BP 637 EP 644 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-009-1174-0 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 533DT UT WOS:000272803600008 ER PT J AU Mochi, I Gennari, S Oliva, E Baffa, C Biliotti, V Falcini, G Giani, E Marcucci, G Sozzi, M Origlia, L Rossetti, E Gonzalez, M AF Mochi, I. Gennari, S. Oliva, E. Baffa, C. Biliotti, V. Falcini, G. Giani, E. Marcucci, G. Sozzi, M. Origlia, L. Rossetti, E. Gonzalez, M. TI High-precision CTE measurement of aluminum-alloys for cryogenic astronomical instrumentation SO EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Instrumentation; Infrared spectroscopy; Materials; Cryogenics AB We are completing the construction of GIANO, a high resolution near-infrared cryogenic spectrograph for the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG). Most of the optics are made of aluminium and operate at cryogenic temperature. We evaluated the optical degradation due to mis-matches between the thermal expansion coefficients of the different aluminium parts of the instrument. We performed accurate measurements of the relative thermal expansion coefficients (CTE) of Al-6061 and Al-6082 over the 300-77 K temperatures range. We find that the two alloys have identical thermal expansion coefficient within a maximum (3 sigma) uncertainty of Delta alpha/alpha < 0.28%. Our results show that it is possible to overcome the problem of the alignment of a cryogenic instrument, manufacturing the curved optics, the optics' holders and the optical bench with different metallic alloys with small CTE mismatch (Al-6061 and Al-6082). This conclusion has also been confirmed by the results of the optical tests with the instrument cooled in the laboratory, showing no significant image quality degradation. C1 [Mochi, I.; Gennari, S.; Oliva, E.; Baffa, C.; Biliotti, V.; Falcini, G.; Giani, E.; Marcucci, G.; Sozzi, M.] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Origlia, L.; Rossetti, E.] Osservatorio Astron Bologna, INAF, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Gonzalez, M.] Telescopio Nazl Galileo, INAF, Santa Cruz De La Palma 38700, Spain. RP Mochi, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM imochi@lbl.gov; oliva@arcetri.astro.it RI ORIGLIA, LIVIA/O-9883-2015; OI ORIGLIA, LIVIA/0000-0002-6040-5849; Giani, Elisabetta/0000-0003-2763-9560; Baffa, Carlo/0000-0002-4935-100X; Oliva, Ernesto/0000-0002-9123-0412 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0922-6435 EI 1572-9508 J9 EXP ASTRON JI Exp. Astron. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 27 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1007/s10686-009-9172-7 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 522VY UT WOS:000272029400001 ER PT J AU Beresh, SJ AF Beresh, Steven J. TI Comparison of PIV data using multiple configurations and processing techniques SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; TRANSVERSE SUPERSONIC JET; COMPRESSIBLE CROSS-FLOW; DEFORMATION METHODS; ALGORITHMS; OPTIMIZATION; VALIDATION; DISTORTION; ERRORS AB Particle image velocimetry (PIV) data have been acquired using three different experimental configurations in the far-field of the interaction created by a transverse supersonic jet exhausting from a flat plate into a transonic crossflow. The configurations included two-component PIV in the centerline streamwise plane at two overlapping stations, as well as stereoscopic PIV in both the same streamwise plane and in the crossplane. All measurement planes intersected at a common line. Data from both two-component measurement stations and the stereoscopic streamwise configuration agreed to within the estimated uncertainty, but data from the crossplane exhibited reduced velocity and turbulent stress magnitudes by a small but significant degree. Subsequent reprocessing of the data in nominally the same manner using a newer software package brought all values into close agreement with each other, but produced substantially higher turbulent stresses. The error source associated with the choice of software was traced to the use of image deformation in the newer software to treat velocity gradients, which is shown by synthetic PIV tests to yield a more accurate result for turbulence measurements even for gradients within the recommended limits for classical PIV. These detailed comparisons of replicate data suggest that routine methods of uncertainty quantification used for a turbulent PIV experiment may not fully capture the actual error sources. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Beresh, SJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,Mailstop 0825, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM sjberes@sandia.gov NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 EI 1432-1114 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD DEC PY 2009 VL 47 IS 6 BP 883 EP 896 DI 10.1007/s00348-009-0685-7 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 522ED UT WOS:000271979700001 ER PT J AU El-Morshedy, SED Hassanein, A AF El-Morshedy, Salah El-Din Hassanein, Ahmed TI Transient thermal hydraulic modeling and analysis of ITER divertor plate system SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Thermal hydraulics; Safety; Fusion; ITER divertor ID BOILING HEAT-TRANSFER; TWISTED-TAPE INSERTS; PRESSURE-DROP; FLOW; TUBES; WATER AB A mathematical model has been developed/updated to simulate the steady state and transient thermal-hydraulics of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) divertor module. The model predicts the thermal response of the armour coating, divertor plate structural materials and coolant channels. The selected heat transfer correlations cover all operating conditions of ITER under both normal and off-normal situations. The model also accounts for the melting, vaporization, and solidification of the armour material. The developed model is to provide a quick benchmark of the HEIGHTS multidimensional comprehensive simulation package. The present model divides the coolant channels into a specified axial regions and the divertor plate into a specified radial zones, then a two-dimensional heat conduction calculation is created to predict the temperature distribution for both steady and transient states. The model is benchmarked against experimental data performed at Sandia National Laboratory for both bare and swirl tape coolant channel mockups. The results show very good agreements with the data for steady and transient states. The model is then used to predict the thermal behavior of the ITER plasma facing and structural materials due to plasma instability event where 60 MJ/m(2) plasma energy is deposited over 500 ms. The results for ITER divertor response is analyzed and compared with HEIGHTS results. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [El-Morshedy, Salah El-Din] Atom Energy Author, Cairo, Egypt. [El-Morshedy, Salah El-Din] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hassanein, Ahmed] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP El-Morshedy, SED (reprint author), Atom Energy Author, Cairo, Egypt. EM selmorshedy@etrr2-aea.org.eg; hassanein@purdue.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 84 IS 12 BP 2158 EP 2166 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2009.02.051 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 527AM UT WOS:000272338200015 ER PT J AU Trachtenberg, E Bhattacharya, T Ladner, M Phair, J Erlich, H Wolinsky, S AF Trachtenberg, E. Bhattacharya, T. Ladner, M. Phair, J. Erlich, H. Wolinsky, S. TI The HLA-B/-C haplotype block contains major determinants for host control of HIV SO GENES AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article DE HIV; HLA-B/-C haplotype block; SNP ID ASSOCIATION; INFECTION; ADVANTAGE; ALLELES; HCP5 AB A genome-wide association study of people with incident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection selected from nine different cohorts identified allelic polymorphisms, which associated with either viral set point (HCP5 and 5' HLA-C) or with HIV disease progression (RNF39 and ZNRD1). To determine the influence of these polymorphisms on host control of HIV, we carried out a population-based association study. The analysis revealed complete linkage disequilibrium between HCP5 and HLA-B* 5701/HLA-Cw* 06, a modest effect of 5' HLA-C on viral set point in the absence of HLA-B* 5701, and no influence of the RNF39 /ZNRD1 extended haplotype on HIV disease progression. No correlation was found between the infection status and any of these genetic variants (P>0.1, Fisher's exact test). These findings suggest a pattern of strong linkage disequilibrium consistent with an HLA-B/-C haplotype block, making identification of a causal variant difficult, and underscore the importance of validating polymorphisms in putative determinants for host control by association analysis of independent populations. Genes and Immunity (2009) 10, 673-677; doi: 10.1038/gene.2009.58; published online 20 August 2009 C1 [Trachtenberg, E.; Ladner, M.; Erlich, H.] Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Ctr Genet, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. [Bhattacharya, T.] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. [Bhattacharya, T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Phair, J.; Wolinsky, S.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Erlich, H.] Roche Mol Syst, Dept Human Genet, Pleasanton, CA USA. RP Trachtenberg, E (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Ctr Genet, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. EM etrachtenberg@chori.org RI Wolinsky, Steven/B-2893-2012; Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/J-8956-2013; OI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/0000-0002-1060-652X; Wolinsky, Steven/0000-0002-9625-6697 FU National Institutes of Health [AI 65254-01A1, AI035039-17] FX We thank Koy Saeteurn, Isabel Nocedal, Sherry Hawbecker, Patricia Otto and Samuel Wu for their technical assistance with sample preparation. E Trachtenberg and S Wolinsky conceived and managed the project. M Ladner developed the SNP-based assays and performed all of the SNP genotyping. T Bhattacharya performed all of the statistical analyses. J Phair is the Director of the MACS and oversees all projects using the MACS cohorts. S Wolinsky, H Erlich, T Bhattacharya, M Ladner and E Trachtenberg wrote the paper. All authors have agreed to the content in this paper. This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (AI 65254-01A1 and AI035039-17). NR 10 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1466-4879 J9 GENES IMMUN JI Genes Immun. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 10 IS 8 BP 673 EP 677 DI 10.1038/gene.2009.58 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA 525WL UT WOS:000272248000002 PM 19693088 ER PT J AU Temple, G Gerhard, DS Rasooly, R Feingold, EA Good, PJ Robinson, C Mandich, A Derge, JG Lewis, J Shoaf, D Collins, FS Jang, W Wagner, L Shenmen, CM Misquitta, L Schaefer, CF Buetow, KH Bonner, TI Yankie, L Ward, M Phan, L Astashyn, A Brown, G Farrell, C Hart, J Landrum, M Maidak, BL Murphy, M Murphy, T Rajput, B Riddick, L Webb, D Weber, J Wu, W Pruitt, KD Maglott, D Siepel, A Brejova, B Diekhans, M Harte, R Baertsch, R Kent, J Haussler, D Brent, M Langton, L Comstock, CLG Stevens, M Wei, CC van Baren, MJ Salehi-Ashtiani, K Murray, RR Ghamsari, L Mello, E Lin, CW Pennacchio, C Schreiber, K Shapiro, N Marsh, A Pardes, E Moore, T Lebeau, A Muratet, M Simmons, B Kloske, D Sieja, S Hudson, J Sethupathy, P Brownstein, M Bhat, N Lazar, J Jacob, H Gruber, CE Smith, MR McPherson, J Garcia, AM Gunaratne, PH Wu, JQ Muzny, D Gibbs, RA Young, AC Bouffard, GG Blakesley, RW Mullikin, J Green, ED Dickson, MC Rodriguez, AC Grimwood, J Schmutz, J Myers, RM Hirst, M Zeng, T Tse, K Moksa, M Deng, M Ma, K Mah, D Pang, J Taylor, G Chuah, E Deng, A Fichter, K Go, A Lee, S Wang, J Griffith, M Morin, R Moore, RA Mayo, M Munro, S Wagner, S Jones, SJM Holt, RA Marra, MA Lu, S Yang, SW Hartigan, J Graf, M Wagner, R Letovksy, S Pulido, JC Robison, K Esposito, D Hartley, J Wall, VE Hopkins, RF Ohara, O Wiemann, S AF Temple, Gary Gerhard, Daniela S. Rasooly, Rebekah Feingold, Elise A. Good, Peter J. Robinson, Cristen Mandich, Allison Derge, Jeffrey G. Lewis, Jeanne Shoaf, Debonny Collins, Francis S. Jang, Wonhee Wagner, Lukas Shenmen, Carolyn M. Misquitta, Leonie Schaefer, Carl F. Buetow, Kenneth H. Bonner, Tom I. Yankie, Linda Ward, Ming Phan, Lon Astashyn, Alex Brown, Garth Farrell, Catherine Hart, Jennifer Landrum, Melissa Maidak, Bonnie L. Murphy, Michael Murphy, Terence Rajput, Bhanu Riddick, Lillian Webb, David Weber, Janet Wu, Wendy Pruitt, Kim D. Maglott, Donna Siepel, Adam Brejova, Brona Diekhans, Mark Harte, Rachel Baertsch, Robert Kent, Jim Haussler, David Brent, Michael Langton, Laura Comstock, Charles L. G. Stevens, Michael Wei, Chaochun van Baren, Marijke J. Salehi-Ashtiani, Kourosh Murray, Ryan R. Ghamsari, Lila Mello, Elizabeth Lin, Chenwei Pennacchio, Christa Schreiber, Kirsten Shapiro, Nicole Marsh, Amber Pardes, Elizabeth Moore, Troy Lebeau, Anita Muratet, Mike Simmons, Blake Kloske, David Sieja, Stephanie Hudson, James Sethupathy, Praveen Brownstein, Michael Bhat, Narayan Lazar, Joseph Jacob, Howard Gruber, Chris E. Smith, Mark R. McPherson, John Garcia, Angela M. Gunaratne, Preethi H. Wu, Jiaqian Muzny, Donna Gibbs, Richard A. Young, Alice C. Bouffard, Gerard G. Blakesley, Robert W. Mullikin, Jim Green, Eric D. Dickson, Mark C. Rodriguez, Alex C. Grimwood, Jane Schmutz, Jeremy Myers, Richard M. Hirst, Martin Zeng, Thomas Tse, Kane Moksa, Michelle Deng, Merinda Ma, Kevin Mah, Diana Pang, Johnson Taylor, Greg Chuah, Eric Deng, Athena Fichter, Keith Go, Anne Lee, Stephanie Wang, Jing Griffith, Malachi Morin, Ryan Moore, Richard A. Mayo, Michael Munro, Sarah Wagner, Susan Jones, Steven J. M. Holt, Robert A. Marra, Marco A. Lu, Sun Yang, Shuwei Hartigan, James Graf, Marcus Wagner, Ralf Letovksy, Stanley Pulido, Jacqueline C. Robison, Keith Esposito, Dominic Hartley, James Wall, Vanessa E. Hopkins, Ralph F. Ohara, Osamu Wiemann, Stefan CA MGC Project Team TI The completion of the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GENOME BROWSER DATABASE; HUMAN TRANSCRIPTOME; EDITING SITES; CDNA-CLONES; PROJECT; RNA; IDENTIFICATION; PREDICTION; SEQUENCES; RECOVERY AB Since its start, the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) has sought to provide at least one full-protein-coding sequence cDNA clone for every human and mouse gene with a RefSeq transcript, and at least 6200 rat genes. The MGC cloning effort initially relied on random expressed sequence tag screening of cDNA libraries. Here, we summarize our recent progress using directed RT-PCR cloning and DNA synthesis. The MGC now contains clones with the entire protein-coding sequence for 92% of human and 89% of mouse genes with curated RefSeq (NM-accession) transcripts, and for 97% of human and 96% of mouse genes with curated RefSeq transcripts that have one or more PubMed publications, in addition to clones for more than 6300 rat genes. These high-quality MGC clones and their sequences are accessible without restriction to researchers worldwide. C1 [Temple, Gary; Bouffard, Gerard G.; Blakesley, Robert W.; Mullikin, Jim; Green, Eric D.] NHGRI, NIH, Genome Technol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gerhard, Daniela S.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rasooly, Rebekah] NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Derge, Jeffrey G.; Lewis, Jeanne; Shoaf, Debonny] NCI, SAIC Frederic Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Jang, Wonhee; Wagner, Lukas; Shenmen, Carolyn M.; Yankie, Linda; Ward, Ming; Phan, Lon; Astashyn, Alex; Brown, Garth; Farrell, Catherine; Hart, Jennifer; Landrum, Melissa; Maidak, Bonnie L.; Murphy, Michael; Murphy, Terence; Rajput, Bhanu; Riddick, Lillian; Webb, David; Weber, Janet; Wu, Wendy; Pruitt, Kim D.; Maglott, Donna; Bhat, Narayan] Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. [Misquitta, Leonie; Schaefer, Carl F.; Buetow, Kenneth H.] NCI, Ctr Bioinformat, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Bonner, Tom I.; Brownstein, Michael] NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Siepel, Adam; Brejova, Brona] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Diekhans, Mark; Harte, Rachel; Baertsch, Robert; Kent, Jim; Haussler, David] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Brent, Michael; Langton, Laura; Comstock, Charles L. G.; Wei, Chaochun; van Baren, Marijke J.] Washington Univ, Ctr Genome Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Brent, Michael; Stevens, Michael] Washington Univ, Dept Comp Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Salehi-Ashtiani, Kourosh; Murray, Ryan R.; Ghamsari, Lila; Mello, Elizabeth; Lin, Chenwei] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Ctr Canc Syst Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Salehi-Ashtiani, Kourosh; Murray, Ryan R.; Ghamsari, Lila; Mello, Elizabeth; Lin, Chenwei] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Canc Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Pennacchio, Christa; Schreiber, Kirsten; Shapiro, Nicole; Marsh, Amber; Pardes, Elizabeth] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, IMAGE Consortium, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Moore, Troy; Simmons, Blake; Kloske, David; Sieja, Stephanie] Open Biosyst, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Lebeau, Anita; Muratet, Mike; Hudson, James] HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Lazar, Joseph; Jacob, Howard] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Dermatol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Gruber, Chris E.; Smith, Mark R.] Express Genom Inc, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. [McPherson, John; Garcia, Angela M.; Gunaratne, Preethi H.; Wu, Jiaqian; Muzny, Donna; Gibbs, Richard A.] Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Gunaratne, Preethi H.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77004 USA. [Young, Alice C.; Bouffard, Gerard G.; Blakesley, Robert W.; Mullikin, Jim; Green, Eric D.] Natl Human Genome Inst, NIH Intramural Sequencing Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dickson, Mark C.; Rodriguez, Alex C.; Grimwood, Jane; Schmutz, Jeremy; Myers, Richard M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Stanford Human Genome Ctr, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hirst, Martin; Zeng, Thomas; Tse, Kane; Moksa, Michelle; Deng, Merinda; Ma, Kevin; Mah, Diana; Pang, Johnson; Taylor, Greg; Chuah, Eric; Deng, Athena; Fichter, Keith; Go, Anne; Lee, Stephanie; Wang, Jing; Griffith, Malachi; Morin, Ryan; Moore, Richard A.; Mayo, Michael; Munro, Sarah; Wagner, Susan; Jones, Steven J. M.; Holt, Robert A.; Marra, Marco A.] BC Canc Agcy, Genome Sci Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4S6, Canada. [Lu, Sun; Yang, Shuwei] GeneCopoeia Inc, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Hartigan, James] Beckman Coulter Genom, Beverly, MA 01915 USA. [Graf, Marcus; Wagner, Ralf] Geneart AG, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. [Letovksy, Stanley; Pulido, Jacqueline C.; Robison, Keith] Codon Devices Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Esposito, Dominic; Hartley, James; Wall, Vanessa E.; Hopkins, Ralph F.] NCI SAIC Frederick, Prot Express Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Ohara, Osamu] Kazusa DNA Res Inst, Chiba 2920818, Japan. [Wiemann, Stefan] German Canc Res Ctr, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Temple, G (reprint author), NHGRI, NIH, Genome Technol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM gtemple@mail.nih.gov RI Marra, Marco/B-5987-2008; Ohara, Osamu/G-5448-2015; Hirst, Martin/B-7684-2016; Brejova, Brona/I-3718-2014; Ohara, Osamu/A-9119-2012; Schmutz, Jeremy/N-3173-2013; Jones, Steven/C-3621-2009; McPherson, John/D-2633-2017; Tang, Macy/B-9798-2014; Holt, Robert/C-3303-2009; Griffith, Malachi/P-1285-2014; Wiemann, Stefan/E-4424-2013; OI Ohara, Osamu/0000-0002-3328-9571; Brejova, Brona/0000-0002-9483-1766; Schmutz, Jeremy/0000-0001-8062-9172; McPherson, John/0000-0001-8049-9347; Wei, Chaochun/0000-0002-1031-034X; Griffith, Malachi/0000-0002-6388-446X; Wiemann, Stefan/0000-0003-4683-3174; Siepel, Adam/0000-0002-3557-7219; Salehi-Ashtiani, Kourosh/0000-0002-6521-5243; Simmons, Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810 FU National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health [N01-C0-12400]; Center for Cancer Systems Biology; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Ellison Foundation FX We thank Robert L. Strausberg and Richard D. Klausner, who initiated theMGCproject and helped to manage it during its first four years. The MGC Program received excellent guidance from members of the External Scientific Committee: Barbara Wold, Philip Sharp, Geoffrey Duyk, Connie Cepko, Stewart Scherer, Lincoln Stein, Ronald Davis, Howard Jacob, and Edward Harlow. The Mammalian Gene Collection Program was an NIH interinstitute effort that received financial and scientific support from 19 institutes within the NIH. A complete list of these institutes is provided on the MGC website. Greg Schuler and Karl Sirotkin provided valuable bioinformatics advice to MGC. We thank the Vineet Bafna laboratory for screening our predicted SEGs against its MS/MS spectra database. We also appreciate the valuable support and advice of the NIH MGC Inter-Institute Coordinating Committee: Andrea Beckel-Mitchener, Anthony Carter, Hemin Chin, Jennifer Couch, Pete Dudley, Nancy Freeman, Maria Giovanni, Q. Max Guo, John Harding, Steven Klein, Cheryl Kraft, Gabrielle Leblanc, Anna McCormick, Susan Old, Raymond O'Neill, Jane Peterson, Jonathan Pollock, Zhaoxia Ren, John Satterlee, William Sharrock, Rochelle Small, Phillip Smith, Susan Sparks, Danilo Tagle, and Jose Velazquez. Assya Abdallah provided excellent assistance with the final manuscript preparation. TheXGCProgram received excellent guidance from Aaron Zorn, Ken Cho, Bruce Blumberg, Richard Harland, Robert Grainger, and Jane Rogers. The ZGC Program received excellent guidance from the members of its advisory committee: Bruce Birren, Will Talbot, MonteWesterfield, and Len Zon. Four rat cDNA libraries were contributed by the Cancer Genome Anatomy Project, NCI. This project was funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under contract no. N01-C0-12400. The portion of this work carried out at the Center for Cancer Systems Biology, at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, was funded in part by a grant from the Ellison Foundation. NR 37 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 11 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 EI 1549-5469 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 19 IS 12 BP 2324 EP 2333 DI 10.1101/gr.095976.109 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 526FP UT WOS:000272273400017 ER PT J AU Baker, EJ Jay, JJ Philip, VM Zhang, Y Li, ZP Kirova, R Langston, MA Chesler, EJ AF Baker, Erich J. Jay, Jeremy J. Philip, Vivek M. Zhang, Yun Li, Zuopan Kirova, Roumyana Langston, Michael A. Chesler, Elissa J. TI Ontological discovery environment: A system for integrating gene-phenotype associations SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Homology; Combinatorial algorithms; Microarray; Ontology ID FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; PHENOME DATABASE; EXPRESSION; TOOL; MICE; SETS AB The wealth of genomic technologies has enabled biologists to rapidly ascribe phenotypic characters to biological substrates. Central to effective biological investigation is the operational definition of the process under investigation. We propose an elucidation of categories of biological characters, including disease relevant traits, based on natural enclogenous processes and experimentally observed biological networks, pathways and systems rather than on externally manifested constructs and current semantics such as disease names and processes. The Ontological Discovery Environment (ODE) is an Internet accessible resource for the storage, sharing, retrieval and analysis of phenotype-centered genomic data sets across species and experimental model systems. Any type of data set representing gene-phenotype relationships, such quantitative trait loci (QTL) positional candidates, literature reviews, microarray experiments, ontological or even meta-data, may serve as inputs. To demonstrate a use case leveraging the homology capabilities of ODE and its ability to synthesize diverse data sets, we conducted an analysis of genomic studies related to alcoholism. The core of ODE's gene set similarity, distance and hierarchical analysis is the creation of a bipartite network of gene-phenotype relations, a unique discrete graph approach to analysis that enables set-set matching of non-referential data. Gene sets are annotated with several levels of metadata, including community ontologies, while gene set translations compare models across species. Computationally derived gene sets are integrated into hierarchical trees based on gene-derived phenotype interdependencies. Automated set identifications are augmented by statistical tools which enable users to interpret the confidence of modeled results. This approach allows data integration and hypothesis discovery across multiple experimental contexts, regardless of the face similarity and semantic annotation of the experimental systems or species domain. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Baker, Erich J.] Baylor Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Jay, Jeremy J.; Zhang, Yun; Li, Zuopan; Langston, Michael A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. [Philip, Vivek M.] Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN USA. [Kirova, Roumyana; Langston, Michael A.; Chesler, Elissa J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chesler, EJ (reprint author), Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. EM elissa.chesler@jax.org RI Langston, Michael/A-9484-2011; Jay, Jeremy/H-6063-2011; OI Jay, Jeremy/0000-0002-5761-7533; Philip, Vivek/0000-0001-5126-707X FU NIH [U01AA13499, U24AA13513] FX This work is a project of the Integrative Neuroscience Initiative on Alcoholism and is supported by NIH U01AA13499, U24AA13513. NR 43 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD DEC PY 2009 VL 94 IS 6 BP 377 EP 387 DI 10.1016/j.ygeno.2009.08.016 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 523VV UT WOS:000272103600003 PM 19733230 ER PT J AU Chi, MF Ishii, HA Simon, SB Bradley, JP Dai, ZR Joswiak, D Browning, ND Matrajt, G AF Chi, Miaofang Ishii, Hope A. Simon, Steven B. Bradley, John P. Dai, Zurong Joswiak, David Browning, Nigel D. Matrajt, Graciela TI The origin of refractory minerals in comet 81P/Wild 2 SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LOSS-SPECTROSCOPY; NANOMETER-SCALE MEASUREMENTS; SOLAR NEBULA; STARDUST; METEORITES; CONSTRAINTS; INCLUSIONS; PETROLOGY; NITROGEN; SYSTEM AB Refractory Ti-bearing minerals in the calcium-, aluminum-rich inclusion (CAI) Inti, recovered from the comet 81P/Wild 2 sample, were examined using analytical (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (STEM) methods including imaging, nano-diffraction, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Inti fassaite (Ca(Mg, Ti, Al) (Si, Al)(2)O(6)) was found to have a Ti(3+)/Ti(4+) ratio of 2.0 +/- 0.2, consistent with fassaite in other solar system CAIs. The oxygen fugacity (log f(O2)) of formation estimated from this ratio, assuming equilibration among phases at 1509 K, is -19.4 +/- 1.3. This value is near the canonical solar nebula value (-18.1 +/- 0.3) and in close agreement with that reported for fassaite-bearing Allende CAIs (-19.8 +/- 0.9) by other researchers using the same assumptions. Nanocrystals of osbornite (Ti(V)N), 2-40 nm in diameter, are embedded as inclusions within gehlenite, spinel and diopside in Inti. Vanadium is heterogeneously distributed within some osbornite crystals. Compositions range from pure TiN to Ti(0.36)V(0.64)N. The possible presence of oxide and carbide in solid solution with the osbornite was evaluated. The osbornite may contain O, but C is not present at detectable levels. The presence of osbornite, likely a refractory early condensate, together with the other refractory minerals in Inti, indicates that the parent comet contains solids that condensed closer to the proto-sun than the distance at which the parent comet itself accreted. The estimated oxygen fugacity and the reported isotopic and chemical compositions are consistent with Inti originating in the inner solar system like other meteoritic CAIs. These results provide insight for evaluating the validity of models of radial mass transport dynamics in the early solar system. The oxidation environments inferred for the Inti mineral assemblage are inconsistent with an X-wind formation scenario. In contrast, radial mixing models that allow accretion of components from different heliocentric distances can satisfy the observations from the cometary CAI Inti. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chi, Miaofang; Ishii, Hope A.; Bradley, John P.; Dai, Zurong] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chi, Miaofang; Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Simon, Steven B.] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Joswiak, David; Matrajt, Graciela] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Ishii, HA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM hope.ishii@llnl.gov RI Dai, Zurong/E-6732-2010; Chi, Miaofang/Q-2489-2015; OI Chi, Miaofang/0000-0003-0764-1567; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X FU NASA [NNH04AB49I, NNH06AD67I, NNH07AF99I, NNH07AG46I, NNG00GG00G, NNM05AA19G]; LLNL SEGRF; U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors thank the reviewers Tomoki Nakamura, George Flynn and Lindsay Keller and Associate Editor Hiroko Nagahara for perceptive and useful comments from which this paper greatly benefited. This research was funded in part by NASA Grants NNH04AB49I, NNH06AD67I and NNH07AF99I to J. P. Bradley and by NASA Grant NNH07AG46I to H. A. Ishii. S. B. Simon was supported by NASA Grant NNG00GG00G to L. Grossman. G. Matrajt was supported by NASA Grant NNM05AA19G to D. Brownlee. M. Chi was supported by a LLNL SEGRF Fellowship during the research and preparation of this paper. Portions of this work were performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 73 IS 23 BP 7150 EP 7161 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2009.08.033 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 541LI UT WOS:000273416800010 ER PT J AU Forte, AM Moucha, R Rowley, DB Quere, S Mitrovica, JX Simmons, NA Grand, SP AF Forte, A. M. Moucha, R. Rowley, D. B. Quere, S. Mitrovica, J. X. Simmons, N. A. Grand, S. P. TI Recent tectonic plate decelerations driven by mantle convection SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VISCOSITY VARIATIONS; MOTIONS; MODELS; FLOW AB We explore recent changes in tectonic plate velocities using a model of mantle flow that is based on a new high-resolution global tomography model derived from simultaneous inversions of global seismic, geodynamic and mineral physical data sets. This plate-coupled mantle convection model incorporates a viscosity structure that reconciles both glacial isostatic adjustment and global convection-related data sets. The convection model successfully reproduces present-day plate velocities and global surface gravity and topography constraints. We predict time-dependent changes in mantle buoyancy that give rise to present-day decelerations of several major plates, in particular the fast-moving Pacific and Nazca plates. We verify the plausibility of these predicted plate decelerations using space geodetic and oceanic magnetic anomaly constraints on tectonic plate motions. These plate kinematic constraints are employed to determine a new global map of present-day plate decelerations that agree well with the mantle flow predictions. Citation: Forte, A. M., R. Moucha, D. B. Rowley, S. Quere, J. X. Mitrovica, N. A. Simmons, and S. P. Grand (2009), Recent tectonic plate decelerations driven by mantle convection, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L23301, doi: 10.1029/2009GL040224. C1 [Forte, A. M.; Moucha, R.] Univ Quebec, GEOTOP, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Rowley, D. B.] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Quere, S.] Univ Utrecht, Dept Earth Sci, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Mitrovica, J. X.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Simmons, N. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Grand, S. P.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Forte, AM (reprint author), Univ Quebec, GEOTOP, CP 8888,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. EM forte.alessandro@uqam.ca RI Grand, Stephen/B-4238-2011; Simmons, Nathan/J-9022-2014; OI Rowley, David/0000-0001-9767-9029 FU Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); NSERC; US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-406535]; NSF [EAR0309189] FX We thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions. Postdoctoral support for RM was provided by the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR). AMF and JXM acknowledge funding from CIFAR and NSERC. AMF also thanks the Canada Research Chair program for support. Work performed by NAS is under the auspices of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-406535. SPG acknowledges NSF grant EAR0309189. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 36 AR L23301 DI 10.1029/2009GL040224 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 528JU UT WOS:000272441300001 ER PT J AU St Clair, SB Sudderth, EA Fischer, ML Torn, MS Stuart, SA Salve, R Eggett, DL Ackerly, DD AF St Clair, Samuel B. Sudderth, Erika A. Fischer, Marc L. Torn, Margaret S. Stuart, Stephanie A. Salve, Rohit Eggett, Dennis L. Ackerly, David D. TI Soil drying and nitrogen availability modulate carbon and water exchange over a range of annual precipitation totals and grassland vegetation types SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climate change; drought; ecosystem; fluxes; forbs; gas exchange; grassland; photosynthesis; precipitation; pulse; respiration; transpiration ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT GRASSLAND; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; TEMPERATE GRASSLAND; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; CO2 FLUXES; RESPONSES; DEPOSITION; CALIFORNIA; MOISTURE AB Increased intensity in precipitation events and longer periods of water deficit are predicted as a general trend under future climate scenarios with potentially large effects on terrestrial ecosystem function. The primary objective of this study was to understand how variation in the intensity of precipitation inputs followed by intermittent soil drying events influence leaf and ecosystem carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and water exchange in a California annual grassland mesocosm experiment. We further examined how nitrogen (N) availability, and differences in plant community composition (grass-forb combinations) affected gas exchange responses to the precipitation treatments. Net ecosystem CO(2) exchange (NEE) and evapotranspiration (ET) increased significantly with greater precipitation and were positively correlated with soil moisture. A repeated 10-day soil drying period, following 11 days of watering, strongly depressed NEE over a range of annual precipitation totals (297, 657 and 987 mm), and plant community types. Ecosystem dark respiration (R(e)) and leaf level photosynthesis (A(max)) showed greater sensitivity to periods of soil drying in the low precipitation plots (297 mm). N additions significantly increased NEE and R(e), particularly as water availability was increased. Across the range of precipitation totals and plant community types, intermittent periods of soil moisture deficit and native soil N availability constrained leaf and ecosystem level CO(2) exchange, while the influence on water vapor exchange was less pronounced. C1 [St Clair, Samuel B.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Sudderth, Erika A.; Stuart, Stephanie A.; Ackerly, David D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fischer, Marc L.; Torn, Margaret S.; Salve, Rohit; Ackerly, David D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Eggett, Dennis L.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Stat, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP St Clair, SB (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM stclair@byu.edu RI Ackerly, David/A-1247-2009; Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015 OI Ackerly, David/0000-0002-1847-7398; FU Office of Science, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Markus Kleber and Alex Morales in soil collection and reconstruction, and Melissa Crago, Tara Macomber, Stephanie Bernard, Paul Cook, Beth Forrestel, Julia Shams and Kallista Bley in maintenance of the watering system and data collection. This study was supported by the Program for Ecosystem Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 46 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 9 U2 63 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 IS 12 BP 3018 EP 3030 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01862.x PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 518RH UT WOS:000271710300017 ER PT J AU Petersen, BL Egelund, J Damager, I Faber, K Jensen, JK Yang, Z Bennett, EP Scheller, HV Ulvskov, P AF Petersen, Bent Larsen Egelund, Jack Damager, Iben Faber, Kirsten Jensen, Jacob Krueger Yang, Zhang Bennett, Eric Paul Scheller, Henrik Vibe Ulvskov, Peter TI Assay and heterologous expression in Pichia pastoris of plant cell wall type-II membrane anchored glycosyltransferases SO GLYCOCONJUGATE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Plant cell wall; Glycosyltransferase; Free sugar assay; Protein expression; Pichia pastoris ID RHAMNOGALACTURONAN-II; FUCOSYL-TRANSFERASE; BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS; XYLOGLUCAN; SYNTHASE; PECTIN; FAMILY; GENES; XYLOSYLTRANSFERASE AB Two Arabidopsis xylosyltransferases, designated RGXT1 and RGXT2, were recently expressed in Baculovirus transfected insect cells and by use of the free sugar assay shown to catalyse transfer of D-xylose from UDP-alpha-D-xylose to L-fucose and derivatives hereof. We have now examined expression of RGXT1 and RGXT2 in Pichia pastoris and compared the two expression systems. Pichia transformants, expressing soluble, secreted forms of RGXT1 and RGXT2 with an N- or C-terminal Flag-tag, accumulated recombinant, hyper-glycosylated proteins at levels between 6 and 16 mg protein aEuro cent L(-1) in the media fractions. When incubated with 0.5 M L-fucose and UDP-D-xylose all four RGXT1 and RGXT2 variants catalyzed transfer of D-xylose onto L-fucose with estimated turnover numbers between 0.15 and 0.3 sec(-1), thus demonstrating that a free C-terminus is not required for activity. N- and O-glycanase treatment resulted in deglycosylation of all four proteins, and this caused a loss of xylosyltransferase activity for the C-terminally but not the N-terminally Flag-tagged proteins. The RGXT1 and RGXT2 proteins displayed an absolute requirement for Mn(2+) and were active over a broad pH range. Simple dialysis of media fractions or purification on phenyl Sepharose columns increased enzyme activities 2-8 fold enabling direct verification of the product formed in crude assay mixtures using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Pichia expressed and dialysed RGXT variants yielded activities within the range 0.011 to 0.013 U (1 U = 1 nmol conversion of substrate aEuro cent min(-1) aEuro cent A mu l medium(-1)) similar to those of RGXT1 and RGXT2 expressed in Baculovirus transfected insect Sf9 cells. In summary, the data presented suggest that Pichia is an attractive host candidate for expression of plant glycosyltransferases. C1 [Petersen, Bent Larsen; Damager, Iben; Faber, Kirsten; Yang, Zhang; Ulvskov, Peter] Univ Aarhus, Fac Agr Sci, Inst Genet & Biotechnol, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Petersen, Bent Larsen; Damager, Iben; Faber, Kirsten; Yang, Zhang; Ulvskov, Peter] Ctr Proact Plants VKR, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Egelund, Jack] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Mol Biol, Copenhagen Bioctr, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Jensen, Jacob Krueger] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Plant Biol, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Bennett, Eric Paul] Univ Copenhagen, Glycobiol Grp, Dept Odontol, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Scheller, Henrik Vibe] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Feedstocks Div, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. RP Petersen, BL (reprint author), Univ Aarhus, Fac Agr Sci, Inst Genet & Biotechnol, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark. EM b.petersen@dias.kvl.dk RI Scheller, Henrik/A-8106-2008; Petersen, Bent/H-9437-2014; Ulvskov, Peter/I-1228-2014; OI Scheller, Henrik/0000-0002-6702-3560; Petersen, Bent/0000-0002-2004-9077; Ulvskov, Peter/0000-0003-3776-818X; Yang, Zhang/0000-0002-4756-5813 FU Danish National Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation [23-04-0238]; Carlsberg Foundation [MRTN-CT2004- 512265] FX Dorthe Christiansen, Annette Hansen and Hanne Hansen are thanked for skilful technical assistance. This work was supported by the Danish National Research Foundation (Peter Ulvskov, Bent Larsen Petersen, Henrik Vibe Scheller), The Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (I. D. Grant No. 23-04-0238), the Carlsberg Foundation (Jack Egelund) and by contract MRTN-CT2004- 512265 'Wallnet' of the European Union FP6 Program (Kirsten Faber). NR 37 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 7 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0282-0080 J9 GLYCOCONJUGATE J JI Glycoconjugate J. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 26 IS 9 BP 1235 EP 1246 DI 10.1007/s10719-009-9242-0 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 532XP UT WOS:000272784000012 PM 19455420 ER PT J AU Preses, JM AF Preses, Jack M. TI Laser Safety Tools and Training SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Book Review C1 [Preses, Jack M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Preses, JM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM preses@bnl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 97 IS 6 BP 639 EP 640 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 518QJ UT WOS:000271707900018 ER PT J AU Regan, SP Yaakobi, B Boehly, TR Epstein, R Delettrez, JA Glebov, VY Goncharov, VN Jaanimagi, PA Knauer, JP Marshall, FJ McCrory, RL Meyerhofer, DD Radha, PB Sangster, TC Smalyuk, VA Soures, J Stoeckl, C Mancini, RC Haynes, DA Welser-Sherrill, L Koch, JA Tommasini, R Sawada, H AF Regan, S. P. Yaakobi, B. Boehly, T. R. Epstein, R. Delettrez, J. A. Glebov, V. Yu Goncharov, V. N. Jaanimagi, P. A. Knauer, J. P. Marshall, F. J. McCrory, R. L. Meyerhofer, D. D. Radha, P. B. Sangster, T. C. Smalyuk, V. A. Soures, J. Stoeckl, C. Mancini, R. C. Haynes, D. A., Jr. Welser-Sherrill, L. Koch, J. A. Tommasini, R. Sawada, H. TI Applied plasma spectroscopy: Laser-fusion experiments SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Inertial confinement fusion; X-ray spectroscopy; Stark broadening; Laser fusion ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; 2-PLASMON DECAY INSTABILITY; DIRECT-DRIVE; HIGH-POWER; IMPLODED TARGETS; FAST ELECTRONS; OMEGA LASER; IMPLOSIONS; DENSITY; ENERGY AB High-energy-density plasmas created in laser-fusion experiments are diagnosed with X-ray spectroscopy. Hans Griem, considered the father of modern plasma spectroscopy, provided an excellent foundation for this research. He studied the effect of plasma particles, in particular the fast-moving free electrons, on the Stark-broadening of spectral line shapes in plasmas [H. Griem, Phys. Rev. 125 (1962) 177]. Over the last three decades, X-ray spectroscopy has been used to record the remarkable progress made in inertial confinement fusion research. Four areas of X-ray spectroscopy for laser-fusion experiments are highlighted in this paper: K alpha emission spectroscopy to diagnose target preheat by suprathermal electrons, Stark-broadened K-shell emissions of mid-Z elements to diagnose compressed densities and temperatures of implosion cores, K- and L-shell absorption spectroscopy to diagnose the relatively cold imploding shell (the "piston") that does not emit X rays, and multispectral monochromatic imaging of implosions to diagnose core temperature and density profiles. The seminal research leading to the original X-ray spectroscopy experiments in these areas will be discussed and compared to current state-of-the-art measurements. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Regan, S. P.; Yaakobi, B.; Boehly, T. R.; Epstein, R.; Delettrez, J. A.; Glebov, V. Yu; Goncharov, V. N.; Jaanimagi, P. A.; Knauer, J. P.; Marshall, F. J.; McCrory, R. L.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Radha, P. B.; Sangster, T. C.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Soures, J.; Stoeckl, C.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Goncharov, V. N.; McCrory, R. L.; Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [McCrory, R. L.; Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Mancini, R. C.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Haynes, D. A., Jr.; Welser-Sherrill, L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Koch, J. A.; Tommasini, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Sawada, H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Regan, SP (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM sreg@lle.rochester.edu RI Goncharov, Valeri/H-4471-2011; OI Sawada, Hiroshi/0000-0002-7972-9894 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion [DE-FC52-08NA28302]; University of Rochester; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; DOE FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC52-08NA28302, the University of Rochester, and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority. The support of DOE does not constitute an endorsement by DOE of the views expressed in this article. NR 85 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 5 IS 4 BP 234 EP 243 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2009.05.004 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 660BV UT WOS:000282614400002 ER PT J AU Neumayer, P Lee, HJ Offerman, D Shipton, E Kemp, A Kritcher, AL Doppner, T Back, CA Glenzer, SH AF Neumayer, P. Lee, H. J. Offerman, D. Shipton, E. Kemp, A. Kritcher, A. L. Doeppner, T. Back, C. A. Glenzer, S. H. TI Isochoric heating of reduced mass targets by ultra-intense laser produced relativistic electrons SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Ultra-high intensity laser; Reduced mass target; Isochoric heating; Hot-electron transport; Plasma spectroscopy; K-alpha; Line shifts ID DENSE-PLASMAS; SCATTERING; ALPHA; BEAMS; PULSE; ACCELERATION; IGNITION AB We present measurements of the chlorine K-alpha emission from reduced mass targets, irradiated with ultra-high intensity laser pulses. Chlorinated plastic targets with diameters down to 50 pm and mass of a few 10(-8) g were irradiated with up to 7J of laser energy focused to intensities of several 10(19) W/cm(2). The conversion of laser energy to K-alpha radiation is measured, and high-resolution spectra that allow observation of line shifts are observed, indicating isochoric heating of the target up to 18 eV. A zero-dimensional 2-temperature equilibration model, combined with electron impact K-shell ionization and post processed spectra from collisional radiative calculations reproduces the observed K-alpha yields and line shifts, and shows the importance of target expansion due to the hot electron pressure. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Neumayer, P.; Kemp, A.; Kritcher, A. L.; Doeppner, T.; Glenzer, S. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Lee, H. J.; Kritcher, A. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Offerman, D.; Shipton, E.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Back, C. A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Neumayer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM neumayer2@llnl.gov FU Jupiter Laser Facility; U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, through the Institute for Laser Science and Applications [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development [08-LW-004, 08-ERI-002] FX We would like to thank the staff of the Jupiter Laser Facility for their support. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, through the Institute for Laser Science and Applications, under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The authors also acknowledge support from Laboratory Directed Research and Development Grants No. 08-LW-004 and 08-ERI-002. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 5 IS 4 BP 244 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2009.05.009 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 660BV UT WOS:000282614400003 ER PT J AU Welser-Sherrill, L Haynes, DA Mancini, RC Cooley, JH Tommasini, R Golovkin, IE Sherrill, ME Haan, SW AF Welser-Sherrill, L. Haynes, D. A. Mancini, R. C. Cooley, J. H. Tommasini, R. Golovkin, I. E. Sherrill, M. E. Haan, S. W. TI Inference of ICF implosion core mix using experimental data and theoretical mix modeling SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE X-ray spectroscopy; Inertial confinement fusion ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; HIGH-DENSITIES; SPECTROSCOPY; LINE; TEMPERATURE; PLASMA; OMEGA AB The mixing between fuel and shell materials in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) implosion cores is a current topic of interest. The goal of this work was to design direct drive ICF experiments which have varying levels of mix, and subsequently to extract information on mixing directly from the experimental data using spectroscopic techniques. The experimental design was accomplished using hydrodynamic simulations in conjunction with Haan's saturation model, which was used to predict the mix levels of candidate experimental configurations. These theoretical predictions were then compared to the mixing information which was extracted from the experimental data, and it was found that Haan's mix model predicted trends in the width of the mix layer as a function of initial shell thickness. These results contribute to an assessment of the range of validity and predictive capability of the Haan saturation model, as well as increasing confidence in the methods used to extract mixing information from experimental data. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Welser-Sherrill, L.; Haynes, D. A.; Cooley, J. H.; Sherrill, M. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Mancini, R. C.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Tommasini, R.; Haan, S. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Golovkin, I. E.] Prism Computat Sci, Madison, WI 53703 USA. RP Welser-Sherrill, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lwelser@lanl.gov FU U.S. DOE/NNSA Campaign 10 at Los Alamos National Laboratory; DOE-NLUF [DE-FG52-2005NA26012]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The design work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE/NNSA Campaign 10 at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The authors wish to acknowledge the support of DOE-NLUF grant DE-FG52-2005NA26012, which provided the experimental campaign. Work was also supported by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 5 IS 4 BP 249 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2009.03.014 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 660BV UT WOS:000282614400004 ER PT J AU Filevich, J Purvis, M Grava, J Ryan, DP Dunn, J Moon, SJ Shlyaptsev, VN Rocca, JJ AF Filevich, Jorge Purvis, Michael Grava, Jonathan Ryan, Duncan P. Dunn, James Moon, Stephen J. Shlyaptsev, Vyacheslav N. Rocca, Jorge J. TI Bow shocks formed by plasma collisions in laser irradiated semi-cylindrical cavities SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Soft X-ray lasers; Plasma shocks; Interferometry; Plasma simulations ID X-RAY LASER; NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY AB The formation of shocks in plasmas created by short pulse laser irradiation (lambda=800 nm, I= 1 x 10(12) W cm(-2)) of semi-cylindrical cavities of different materials was studied combining visible and soft X-ray laser interferometry with simulations. The plasma rapidly converges near the axis to form a dense bright plasma focus. Later in time a long lasting bow shock is observed to develop outside the cavity, that is shown to arise from the collision of plasmas originating from within the cavity and the surrounding flat walls of the target. The shock is sustained for tens of nanoseconds by the continuous arrival of plasma ablated from the target walls. The plasmas created from the heavier target materials evolve more slowly, resulting in increased shock lifetimes. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Filevich, Jorge; Purvis, Michael; Grava, Jonathan; Shlyaptsev, Vyacheslav N.; Rocca, Jorge J.] Colorado State Univ, NSF ERC Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Filevich, Jorge; Purvis, Michael; Grava, Jonathan; Shlyaptsev, Vyacheslav N.; Rocca, Jorge J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ryan, Duncan P.; Rocca, Jorge J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Dunn, James; Moon, Stephen J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Filevich, J (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, NSF ERC Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM jorge.filevich@colostate.edu OI Ryan, Duncan/0000-0001-7702-8499 FU National Nuclear Security Administration under the Stewardship Science Academic Alliances through U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG52-06NA26152]; NSF ERC Center for Extreme Ultraviolet Science and Technology [EEC-0310717]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Institute for Laser Science Applications FX The authors would like to thank M. Marinak for helpful discussions regarding the HYDRA simulations. This research was sponsored by the National Nuclear Security Administration under the Stewardship Science Academic Alliances program through U.S. Department of Energy Research Grant #DE-FG52-06NA26152, using facilities from the NSF ERC Center for Extreme Ultraviolet Science and Technology, award EEC-0310717. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The work of M. Purvis was partially supported by a fellowship from the Institute for Laser Science Applications. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 5 IS 4 BP 276 EP 282 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2009.04.003 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 660BV UT WOS:000282614400008 ER PT J AU Su, XM Kells, AP Huang, EJ Lee, HS Hadaczek, P Beyer, J Bringas, J Pivirotto, P Penticuff, J Eberling, J Federoff, HJ Forsayeth, J Bankiewicz, KS AF Su, Xiaomin Kells, Adrian P. Huang, Eric J. Lee, Han S. Hadaczek, Piotr Beyer, Janine Bringas, John Pivirotto, Philip Penticuff, Janine Eberling, Jamie Federoff, Howard J. Forsayeth, John Bankiewicz, Krystof S. TI Safety Evaluation of AAV2-GDNF Gene Transfer into the Dopaminergic Nigrostriatal Pathway in Aged and Parkinsonian Rhesus Monkeys SO HUMAN GENE THERAPY LA English DT Article ID CONVECTION-ENHANCED DELIVERY; ADENOASSOCIATED VIRUS TYPE-2; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR GDNF; IN-VIVO; INTRAPUTAMENAL INFUSION; DISEASE; SYSTEM; MODEL; RAT; ASTROCYTES AB We evaluated neuropathological findings in two studies of AAV2-GDNF efficacy and safety in naive aged (>20 years) or MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine)-lesioned rhesus macaques. In the first study, a total of 17 animals received one of two doses of AAV2-GDNF into either putamen or substantia nigra (SN). To control for surgical variables, all animals received identical putaminal and nigral infusions in which phosphate-buffered saline was substituted for vector as appropriate. All 17 aged monkeys were studied for 6 months before necropsy. In a separate study, 11 MPTP-lesioned rhesus macaques with extensive lesions in the right SN and mild lesions in the left SN received bilateral infusions of AAV2-GDNF (9.9 x 10(11) vector genomes) or PBS into the putamen and were then studied for up to 14 months. In the current analysis, we addressed safety issues regarding AAV2-GDNF administration. An extensive series of assessments of in-life behavioral and clinical parameters was conducted. No overt histopathology or immune responses were detected in any experimental monkey. However, the delivery of AAV2-GDNF to the SN of aged monkeys caused a marked and significant loss of body weight (-19.4%). No weight loss was observed in the MPTP-lesioned monkeys despite bilateral axonal transport of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to the SN from the putamen. These findings indicate that putaminal administration of AAV2-GDNF by convection-enhanced delivery shows therapeutic promise without any apparent side effects. Importantly, nigral administration of AAV2-GDNF caused significant weight loss that raises substantial concern for clinical application of this approach. C1 [Su, Xiaomin; Kells, Adrian P.; Hadaczek, Piotr; Beyer, Janine; Bringas, John; Pivirotto, Philip; Penticuff, Janine; Eberling, Jamie; Forsayeth, John; Bankiewicz, Krystof S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol Surg, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. [Huang, Eric J.; Lee, Han S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pathol, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. [Eberling, Jamie] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Mol Imaging & Neurosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Federoff, Howard J.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. [Federoff, Howard J.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurosci, Washington, DC 20007 USA. RP Bankiewicz, KS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol Surg, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. EM krystof.bankiewicz@ucsf.edu OI Huang, Eric/0000-0002-5381-3801 FU NIH-NINDS [U54 NS045309] FX This study was supported by an NIH-NINDS Cooperative Research Agreement (U54) (NS045309). The authors thank Sheryl Osborne for helpful input on the design of this study and Dr. William J. Bowers and Wade Narrow for technical assistance on neutralizing antibody assay. NR 35 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1043-0342 J9 HUM GENE THER JI Hum. Gene Ther. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 20 IS 12 BP 1627 EP 1640 DI 10.1089/hum.2009.103 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 531AB UT WOS:000272633400014 PM 19671001 ER PT J AU Vannan, SKS Cook, RB Holladay, SK Olsen, LM Dadi, U Wilson, BE AF Vannan, Suresh K. Santhana Cook, Robert B. Holladay, Susan K. Olsen, Lisa Mai Dadi, Upendra Wilson, Bruce E. TI A Web-Based Subsetting Service for Regional Scale MODIS Land Products SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Data management; data processing; MODIS; remote sensing; visualization ID ECOSYSTEM; FLUX AB The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor has provided valuable information on various aspects of the Earth System since March 2000. The spectral, spatial, and temporal characteristics of MODIS products have made them an important data source for analyzing key science questions relating to Earth System processes at regional, continental, and global scales. The size of the MODIS product and native HDF-EOS format are not optimal for use in field investigations at individual sites ( 100 100 km or smaller). In order to make MODIS data readily accessible for field investigations, the NASA-funded Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) for Biogeochemical Dynamics at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has developed an online system that provides MODIS land products in an easy-to-use format and in file sizes more appropriate to field research. This system provides MODIS land products data in a nonproprietary comma delimited ASCII format and in GIS compatible formats (GeoTIFF and ASCII grid). Web-based visualization tools are also available as part of this system and these tools provide a quick snapshot of the data. Quality control tools and a multitude of data delivery options are available to meet the demands of various user communities. This paper describes the important features and design goals for the system, particularly in the context of data archive and distribution for regional scale analysis. The paper also discusses the ways in which data from this system can be used for validation, data intercomparison, and modeling efforts. C1 [Vannan, Suresh K. Santhana; Cook, Robert B.; Holladay, Susan K.; Olsen, Lisa Mai; Wilson, Bruce E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Dadi, Upendra] George Mason Univ, Ctr Spatial Informat Sci & Syst, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. RP Vannan, SKS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM santhanavans@ornl.gov; cookrb@ornl.gov; holladaysk@ornl.gov; olsenlm@ornl.gov; udadi@gmu.edu; wilsonbe@ornl.gov RI Holladay, Susan/D-9472-2013; OI Holladay, Susan/0000-0003-4625-3022; Wilson, Bruce/0000-0002-1421-1728; Cook, Robert/0000-0001-7393-7302 NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1939-1404 J9 IEEE J-STARS JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 BP 319 EP 328 DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2009.2036585 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 546BY UT WOS:000273784400012 ER PT J AU Mascarenas, D Flynn, E Farrar, C Park, G Todd, M AF Mascarenas, David Flynn, Eric Farrar, Charles Park, Gyuhae Todd, Michael TI A Mobile Host Approach for Wireless Powering and Interrogation of Structural Health Monitoring Sensor Networks SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Energy harvesting; helicopter; mobile host; radio frequency identification (RFID); robot; sensor network; wireless energy delivery AB Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for structural health monitoring (SHM) applications can provide the data collection necessary for rapid structural assessment after an event such as a natural disaster puts the reliability of civil infrastructure in question. Technical challenges affecting deployment of such a network include ensuring power is maintained at the sensor nodes, reducing installation and maintenance costs, and automating the collection and analysis of data provided by a wireless sensor network. In this work, a new "mobile host" WSN paradigm is presented. This architecture utilizes nodes that are deployed without resident power. The associated sensors operate on a mechanical memory principle. A mobile host, such as a robot or unmanned aerial vehicle, is used on an as-needed basis to charge the node by wireless power delivery and subsequently retrieve the data by wireless interrogation. The mobile host may be guided in turn to any deployed node that requires interrogation. The contribution of this work is the first field demonstration of a mobile host wireless sensor network. The sensor node, referred to as THINNER, capable of collecting data wirelessly in the absence of electrical power was developed. A peak displacement sensor capable of interfacing with the THINNER sensor node was also designed and tested. A wireless energy delivery package capable of being carried by an airborne mobile host was developed. Finally, the system engineering required to implement the overall sensor network was carried out. The field demonstration took place on an out-of-service, full-scale bridge near Truth-or-Consequences, NM. C1 [Mascarenas, David] Sullivan Int Grp, San Diego, CA 92108 USA. [Mascarenas, David] SAIC, San Diego, CA 92108 USA. [Flynn, Eric; Todd, Michael] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, San Diego, CA 92131 USA. [Farrar, Charles; Park, Gyuhae] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mascarenas, D (reprint author), Sullivan Int Grp, San Diego, CA 92108 USA. EM dmascare@gmail.com; eflynn@ucsd.edu; farrar@lanl.gov; gpark@lanl.gov; mdt@ucsd.edu RI Farrar, Charles/C-6954-2012; OI Farrar, Charles/0000-0001-6533-6996; Flynn, Eric/0000-0003-0965-7052 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; University of California-San Diego's Jacobs School of Engineering FX This work was supported in part by The Engineering Institute, a research and education collaboration between Los Alamos National Laboratory and The University of California-San Diego's Jacobs School of Engineering. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Prof. Paul Regtien. NR 15 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 25 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1530-437X EI 1558-1748 J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 1719 EP 1726 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2009.2030706 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 509MA UT WOS:000271020700015 ER PT J AU Zhang, HQ Hoffmann, A Divan, R Wang, PS AF Zhang, Hanqiao Hoffmann, Axel Divan, Ralu Wang, Pingshan TI Direct Current Effects on High-Frequency Properties of Patterned Permalloy Thin Films SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE DC current effects; high-frequency property; patterned permalloy thin films ID SPIN-VALVE; MAGNETIZATION; TEMPERATURE; RESONANCE AB We have investigated experimentally direct current (dc) effects on high-frequency properties of two different permalloy (Py) submicrometer patterns of 0.24 mu m and 0.55 mu m width, 10 mu m length, and 100 nm thickness. The natural ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequencies for the two samples are about 8.5 and 11.5 GHz. A 50 mA dc produces a FMR frequency reduction of about 1 GHz in both samples. We extracted susceptibility spectra for the samples from the measurement data. We studied inductance variations of Py embedded transmission lines for different dc levels. With 50 mA dc, the operational frequencies of the inductances decreased by 9% and 12.5%. We also tested effects of magnetic fields generated by external magnets on the submicrometer patterns for comparison. To obtain the same magnetization rotation angle, the external magnetic field needs to be about five times larger than the Ampere field created by the direct current. This behavior is unique and may be associated with the increased thermal energy from the Joule heating effects. C1 [Zhang, Hanqiao; Wang, Pingshan] Clemson Univ, Holcombe Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. [Hoffmann, Axel; Divan, Ralu] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hoffmann, Axel; Divan, Ralu] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhang, HQ (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Holcombe Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. EM hanqiaz@clemson.edu RI Hoffmann, Axel/A-8152-2009 OI Hoffmann, Axel/0000-0002-1808-2767 FU Army Research Office [2005567]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH1357] FX This work was supported by the Army Research Office under Grant 2005567 and by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-06CH1357. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 45 IS 12 BP 5296 EP 5300 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2024753 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 521VE UT WOS:000271951900007 ER PT J AU Ma, CYT Yau, DKY Chin, JC Rao, NSV Shankar, M AF Ma, Chris Y. T. Yau, David K. Y. Chin, Jren-Chit Rao, Nageswara S. V. Shankar, Mallikarjun TI Matching and Fairness in Threat-Based Mobile Sensor Coverage SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Wireless sensor network; mobile application; distributed systems AB Mobile sensors can be used to effect complete coverage of a surveillance area for a given threat over time, thereby reducing the number of sensors necessary. The surveillance area may have a given threat profile as determined by the kind of threat, and accompanying meteorological, environmental, and human factors. In planning the movement of sensors, areas that are deemed higher threat should receive proportionately higher coverage. We propose a coverage algorithm for mobile sensors to achieve a coverage that will match-over the long term and as quantified by an RMSE metric-a given threat profile. Moreover, the algorithm has the following desirable properties: 1) stochastic, so that it is robust to contingencies and makes it hard for an adversary to anticipate the sensor's movement, 2) efficient, and 3) practical, by avoiding movement over inaccessible areas. Further to matching, we argue that a fairness measure of performance over the shorter time scale is also important. We show that the RMSE and fairness are, in general, antagonistic, and argue for the need of a combined measure of performance, which we call efficacy. We show how a pause time parameter of the coverage algorithm can be used to control the trade-off between the RMSE and fairness, and present an efficient offline algorithm to determine the optimal pause time maximizing the efficacy. Finally, we discuss the effects of multiple sensors, under both independent and coordinated operation. Extensive simulation results-under realistic coverage scenarios-are presented for performance evaluation. C1 [Ma, Chris Y. T.; Yau, David K. Y.; Chin, Jren-Chit] Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Rao, Nageswara S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Shankar, Mallikarjun] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ma, CYT (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, 305 N Univ St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ma18@cs.purdue.edu; yau@cs.purdue.edu; jcchin@cs.purdue.edu; raons@ornl.gov; shankarm@ornl.gov RI Shankar, Mallikarjun/N-4400-2015; OI Shankar, Mallikarjun/0000-0001-5289-7460; Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 FU US Office of Naval Research [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; US National Science Foundation (NSF) [CNS-0305496] FX This research was supported in part by the US Office of Naval Research under grant number DE-AC05-00OR22725 and the US National Science Foundation (NSF) under grant number CNS-0305496. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1536-1233 J9 IEEE T MOBILE COMPUT JI IEEE. Trans. Mob. Comput. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 8 IS 12 BP 1649 EP 1662 DI 10.1109/TMC.2009.83 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA 506MR UT WOS:000270779500006 ER PT J AU Schwank, J Marshall, P Brown, D Poivey, C Pease, R Girard, S Reed, R AF Schwank, Jim Marshall, Paul Brown, Dennis Poivey, Christian Pease, Ron Girard, Sylvain Reed, Robert TI 2009 Special NSREC Issue of the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE Comments by the Editors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Schwank, Jim] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Poivey, Christian] ESA, ESTEC, F-75738 Paris 15, France. [Reed, Robert] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. RP Schwank, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI GIRARD, Sylvain/A-7981-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3021 EP 3021 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2035393 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900002 ER PT J AU Pellish, JA Reed, RA McMorrow, D Vizkelethy, G Cavrois, VF Baggio, J Paillet, P Duhamel, O Moen, KA Phillips, SD Diestelhorst, RM Cressler, JD Sutton, AK Raman, A Turowski, M Dodd, PE Alles, ML Schrimpf, RD Marshall, PW LaBel, KA AF Pellish, Jonathan A. Reed, Robert A. McMorrow, Dale Vizkelethy, Gyorgy Cavrois, Veronique Ferlet Baggio, Jacques Paillet, Philippe Duhamel, Olivier Moen, Kurt A. Phillips, Stanley D. Diestelhorst, Ryan M. Cressler, John D. Sutton, Akil K. Raman, Ashok Turowski, Marek Dodd, Paul E. Alles, Michael L. Schrimpf, Ronald D. Marshall, Paul W. LaBel, Kenneth A. TI Heavy Ion Microbeam- and Broadbeam-Induced Transients in SiGe HBTs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Heavy ion; real-time oscilloscope; silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistor (SiGe HBT); transient ID SINGLE-EVENT UPSET; ENERGY-DEPOSITION; CHARGE-COLLECTION; SEU; CIRCUIT; SILICON; LOGIC; SIMULATION; TRACK; ELECTRON AB Silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistor (SiGe HBT) heavy ion-induced current transients are measured using Sandia National Laboratories' microbeam and high- and low-energy broadbeam sources at the Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds, Caen, France, and the University of Jyvaskyla, Finland. The data were captured using a custom broadband IC package and real-time digital phosphor oscilloscopes with at least 16 GHz of analog bandwidth. These data provide detailed insight into the effects of ion strike location, range, and LET. C1 [Pellish, Jonathan A.; LaBel, Kenneth A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Flight Data Syst & Radiat Effects Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Reed, Robert A.; Alles, Michael L.; Schrimpf, Ronald D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [McMorrow, Dale] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Vizkelethy, Gyorgy; Dodd, Paul E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Cavrois, Veronique Ferlet; Baggio, Jacques; Paillet, Philippe; Duhamel, Olivier] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Moen, Kurt A.; Phillips, Stanley D.; Diestelhorst, Ryan M.; Cressler, John D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Sutton, Akil K.] IBM Corp, Semicond Res & Dev Ctr, Hopewell Jct, NY 12533 USA. [Raman, Ashok; Turowski, Marek] CFD Res Corp, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Marshall, Paul W.] NASA, Brookneal, VA 24528 USA. RP Pellish, JA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Flight Data Syst & Radiat Effects Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM jonathan.a.pellish@nasa.gov RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013; OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701; Moen, Kurt/0000-0001-7697-8636 NR 36 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3078 EP 3084 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2034158 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900011 ER PT J AU Dodds, NA Reed, RA Mendenhall, MH Weller, RA Clemens, MA Dodd, PE Shaneyfelt, MR Vizkelethy, G Schwank, JR Ferlet-Cavrois, V Adams, JH Schrimpf, RD King, MP AF Dodds, N. A. Reed, R. A. Mendenhall, M. H. Weller, R. A. Clemens, M. A. Dodd, P. E. Shaneyfelt, M. R. Vizkelethy, G. Schwank, J. R. Ferlet-Cavrois, V. Adams, J. H., Jr. Schrimpf, R. D. King, M. P. TI Charge Generation by Secondary Particles From Nuclear Reactions in BEOL Materials SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Charge collection; high-Z; indirect ionization; Monte Carlo; MRED; nuclear reactions; secondary particles; worst-case energy ID SINGLE-EVENT UPSET; ION ENERGY; LATCHUP; IMPACT AB Direct charge collection measurements are presented, which prove that the presence of tungsten near sensitive volumes leads to extreme charge collection events through nuclear reactions. We demonstrate that, for a fixed incident particle linear energy transfer (LET), increasing particle energy beyond a certain point causes a decrease in nuclear reaction-induced charge collection. This suggests that a worst-case energy exists for single-event effect (SEE) susceptibility, which depends on the technology, device layout, and the incident ions' fixed LET value. A Monte Carlo approach for identifying the worst-case energy is applied to certain bulk-Si and silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technologies. Simulation results suggest that the decrease in charge collection beyond the worst-case energy occurs because the secondary particles produced from the high-energy nuclear reactions have less mass and higher energy and are therefore less ionizing than those produced by lower-energy reactions. C1 [Dodds, N. A.; Reed, R. A.; Mendenhall, M. H.; Weller, R. A.; Clemens, M. A.; Schrimpf, R. D.; King, M. P.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. [Dodd, P. E.; Shaneyfelt, M. R.; Vizkelethy, G.; Schwank, J. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Ferlet-Cavrois, V.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Adams, J. H., Jr.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. RP Dodds, NA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. EM nathaniel.dodds@vanderbilt.edu RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 NR 14 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3172 EP 3179 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2034160 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900024 ER PT J AU Draper, B Okandan, M Shaneyfelt, M AF Draper, Bruce Okandan, Murat Shaneyfelt, Marty TI Radiation Response of a Gate-All-Around Silicon Nano-Wire Transistor SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Nano-transistor; nano-wire; semiconductor device radiation effects ID MOS CAPACITORS; SEU AB Gate-all-around MOSFETs were fabricated from single-crystal silicon nanowires as small as 500 angstrom across. The response to x-rays was measured for transistors with various gate oxide thicknesses, a variety of physical designs, and several different electric fields during irradiation. While the devices are otherwise very well behaved, the total dose degradation is larger than expected and is attributable to thicker, non-uniform gate oxide grown on non-(100) Si surfaces of the nanowires. C1 [Draper, Bruce; Okandan, Murat; Shaneyfelt, Marty] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Draper, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM draperbl@sandial.gov NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3274 EP 3279 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033917 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900040 ER PT J AU Girard, S Ouerdane, Y Tortech, B Marcandella, C Robin, T Cadier, B Baggio, J Paillet, P Ferlet-Cavrois, V Boukenter, A Meunier, JP Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Dodd, PE Blackmore, EW AF Girard, S. Ouerdane, Y. Tortech, B. Marcandella, C. Robin, T. Cadier, B. Baggio, J. Paillet, P. Ferlet-Cavrois, V. Boukenter, A. Meunier, J. -P. Schwank, J. R. Shaneyfelt, M. R. Dodd, P. E. Blackmore, E. W. TI Radiation Effects on Ytterbium- and Ytterbium/Erbium-Doped Double-Clad Optical Fibers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Color centers; erbium; gamma; optical fibers; protons; radiation effects; ytterbium ID SILICA GLASS; GAMMA-RAYS; GERMANOSILICATE; LUMINESCENCE; IRRADIATION; AMPLIFIERS; CORE AB We characterize by different spectroscopic techniques the radiation effects on ytterbium-(Yb) and ytterbium/erbium (Yb/Er)-doped optical fibers. Their vulnerability to the environment of outer space is evaluated through passive radiation-induced attenuation (RIA) measurements during and after exposure to 10 keV X-rays, 1 MeV gamma-rays, and 105 MeV protons. These fibers present higher levels of RIA (1000 x) than telecommunication-type fibers. Measured RIA is comparable for gamma-rays and protons and is on the order of 1 dB/m at 1.55 mu m after a few tenths of a kilorad. Their host matrix codoped with aluminum (Al) and/or phosphorus (P) is mainly responsible for their enhanced radiation sensitivity. Thanks to the major improvements of the Er-doped glass spectroscopic properties in case of Yb-codoping, Yb/Er-doped fibers appear as very promising candidates for outer space applications. In the infrared part of the spectrum, losses in P-codoped Yb-doped fibers are due to the P(1) center that absorbs around 1.6 mu m and are very detrimental for the operation of Er-codoped devices in a harsh environment. The negative impact of this defect seems reduced in the case of Al and P-codoping. C1 [Girard, S.; Marcandella, C.; Baggio, J.; Paillet, P.; Ferlet-Cavrois, V.] CEA DIF, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. [Ouerdane, Y.; Tortech, B.; Boukenter, A.; Meunier, J. -P.] CNRS, Lab Hubert Curien, UMR 5516, F-42000 St Etienne, France. [Robin, T.; Cadier, B.] IXFiber SAS, F-22300 Lannion, France. [Schwank, J. R.; Shaneyfelt, M. R.; Dodd, P. E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Blackmore, E. W.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RP Girard, S (reprint author), CEA DIF, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. EM sylvain.girard@cea.fr RI GIRARD, Sylvain/A-7981-2013 NR 34 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 22 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3293 EP 3299 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033999 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900043 ER PT J AU Javanainen, A Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Harboe-Sorensen, R Virtanen, A Kettunen, H Dalton, SM Dodd, PE Jaksic, AB AF Javanainen, Arto Schwank, James R. Shaneyfelt, Marty R. Harboe-Sorensen, Reno Virtanen, Ari Kettunen, H. Dalton, Scott M. Dodd, Paul E. Jaksic, Aleksandar B. TI Heavy-Ion Induced Charge Yield in MOSFETs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Charge yield; heavy ion; MOSFET; RADFET; silicon oxide ID SINGLE HARD ERRORS; MOS DEVICES; X-RAY; CO-60 IRRADIATIONS; RADIATION SOURCES; TRANSISTORS; DEPENDENCE; PARTICLES; ARRAYS; SRAMS AB The heavy-ion induced electron/hole charge yield in silicon-oxide versus electric field is presented. The heavy-ion charge yield was determined by comparing the voltage shifts of MOSFET transistors irradiated with 10-keV X-rays and several different heavy ions. The obtained charge yield for the heavy ions is in average nearly an order of magnitude lower than for the X-rays for the entire range of measured electric fields. C1 [Javanainen, Arto; Virtanen, Ari; Kettunen, H.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Schwank, James R.; Shaneyfelt, Marty R.; Dalton, Scott M.; Dodd, Paul E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Harboe-Sorensen, Reno] Estec, European Space Agcy, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Jaksic, Aleksandar B.] Univ Coll Cork, Tyndall Natl Inst, Cork 21000, Ireland. RP Javanainen, A (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. EM arto.ja-vanainen@jyu.fi; schwanjr@sandia.gov; shaneymr@sandia.gov; reno.harboe.sorensen@esa.int; ari.virtanen@phys.jyu.fi; Heikki.Kettunen@phys.jyu.fi; smdalton@sandia.gov; pe-dodd@sandia.gov; ajaksic@tyndall.ie RI Javanainen, Arto/P-6355-2016; OI Javanainen, Arto/0000-0001-7906-3669; Virtanen, Ari/0000-0002-6591-6787 NR 24 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3367 EP 3371 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033687 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900054 ER PT J AU Shaneyfelt, MR Hill, TA Gurrieri, TM Schwank, JR Flores, RS Dodd, PE Dalton, SM Robinson, A AF Shaneyfelt, Marty R. Hill, Tom A. Gurrieri, Thomas M. Schwank, James R. Flores, Richard S. Dodd, Paul E. Dalton, Scott M. Robinson, Alex TI An Embeddable SOI Radiation Sensor SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Dosimetry; RadFETs; radiation effects; silicon-on-insulator; total ionizing dose ID SIMOX BURIED OXIDES; DOSE-RATE; GAIN DEGRADATION; PMOS DOSIMETER; SPACE; TRANSISTOR; ELECTRON; DEVICES; FIELDS; TRAPS AB The feasibility of developing an embeddable silicon-on-insulator (SOI) buried oxide MOS dosimeter (RadFET) has been demonstrated. This dosimeter takes advantage of the inherent properties for radiation-induced charge buildup in the buried oxides of commercial SOI wafers. Discrete SOI buried oxide RadFETs and fully-functional read-out circuitry have been fabricated in Sandia's CMOS7 radiation-hardened SOI technology. Discrete RadFETs have been irradiated under various radiation conditions and subjected to post-irradiation anneals. Data show only a small dose rate dependence and less than a 10% annealing or fade of the dosimeters output characteristics when irradiated with all pins shorted. These results show less fade than dual-dielectric RadFETs irradiated under the same bias conditions and support the use of SOI buried oxide RadFETs for low dose rate applications. Read-out circuitry has also been designed and fabricated to monitor changes in the "off" state leakage current induced by radiation-induced charge buildup in the buried oxide dosimeter. The analog-to-digital output from the read-out circuit changes linearly with the "off" state leakage current. Preliminary radiation characterizations of the read-out circuitry show no spurious effects of radiation-induced charge buildup in the read-out circuitry on the dosimeter output. These results indicate it is feasible to develop an embeddable SOI buried oxide RadFET as an attractive choice for many low power, low dose rate applications requiring real-time knowledge of total ionizing dose radiation levels. C1 [Shaneyfelt, Marty R.; Hill, Tom A.; Gurrieri, Thomas M.; Schwank, James R.; Flores, Richard S.; Dodd, Paul E.; Dalton, Scott M.; Robinson, Alex] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Shaneyfelt, MR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM shaneymr@sandia.gov NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3372 EP 3380 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033474 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900055 ER PT J AU Phillips, SD Thrivikraman, T Appaswamy, A Sutton, AK Cressler, JD Vizkelethy, G Dodd, P Reed, RA AF Phillips, Stanley D. Thrivikraman, Tushar Appaswamy, Aravind Sutton, Akil K. Cressler, John D. Vizkelethy, Gyorgy Dodd, Paul Reed, Robert A. TI A Novel Device Architecture for SEU Mitigation: The Inverse-Mode Cascode SiGe HBT SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE HBT; inverse-mode operation; SEE; SEU; silicon-germanium (SiGe) technology; total ionizing dose ID DIGITAL LOGIC AB We investigate, for the first time, the potential for SEE mitigation of a newly-developed device architecture in a 3rd generation high-speed SiGe platform. This new device architecture is termed the "inverse-mode cascode SiGe HBT" and is comprised of two standard devices sharing a buried subcollector and operated in a cascode configuration. Verification of the TID immunity is demonstrated using 10 keV X-rays, while an investigation of the SEE susceptibility is performed using a 36 MeV(16)O ion. IBICC results show strong sensitivities to device bias with only marginal improvement when compared to a standard device; however, by providing a conductive path from the buried subcollector (C-Tap) to a voltage potential, almost all collected charge is induced on the C-Tap terminal instead of the collector terminal. These results are confirmed using full 3-D TCAD simulations which also provides insight into the physics of this new RHBD device architecture. The implications of biasing the C-Tap terminal in a circuit context are also addressed. C1 [Phillips, Stanley D.; Thrivikraman, Tushar; Appaswamy, Aravind; Sutton, Akil K.; Cressler, John D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Vizkelethy, Gyorgy; Dodd, Paul] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Reed, Robert A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37240 USA. RP Phillips, SD (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM stan.phillips@gatech.edu NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3393 EP 3401 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033185 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900058 ER PT J AU Diestelhorst, RM Phillips, SD Appaswamy, A Sutton, AK Cressler, JD Pellish, JA Reed, RA Vizkelethy, G Marshall, PW Gustat, H Heinemann, B Fischer, GG Knoll, D Tillack, B AF Diestelhorst, Ryan M. Phillips, Stanley D. Appaswamy, Aravind Sutton, Akil K. Cressler, John D. Pellish, Jonathan A. Reed, Robert A. Vizkelethy, Gyorgy Marshall, Paul W. Gustat, Hans Heinemann, Bernd Fischer, Gerhard G. Knoll, Dieter Tillack, Bernd TI Junction Isolation Single Event Radiation Hardening of a 200 GHz SiGe:C HBT Technology Without Deep Trench Isolation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Heterojunction bipolar transistors; radiation effects; SiGe HBT; silicon-germanium; single event effects ID SIGEHBTS; CIRCUIT AB We investigate a novel implementation of junction isolation to harden a 200 GHz SiGe: C HBT technology without deep trench isolation against single event effects. The inclusion of isolation is shown to have no effect on the dc or ac performance of the nominal device, and likewise does not reduce the HBTs inherent tolerance to TID radiation exposure on the order of a Mrad. A 69% reduction in total integrated charge collection across a slice through the center of the device was achieved. In addition, a 26% reduction in collected charge is reported for strikes to the center of the emitter. 3-D NanoTCAD simulations are performed on RHBD and control device models yielding a good match to measured results for strikes from the emitter center to 8 mu m away. This result represents one of the most effective transistor layout-level RHBD approaches demonstrated to date in SiGe. C1 [Diestelhorst, Ryan M.; Phillips, Stanley D.; Appaswamy, Aravind; Sutton, Akil K.; Cressler, John D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Pellish, Jonathan A.; Marshall, Paul W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Reed, Robert A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Vizkelethy, Gyorgy] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Gustat, Hans; Heinemann, Bernd; Fischer, Gerhard G.; Knoll, Dieter; Tillack, Bernd] IHP Microelect, D-15236 Frankfurt, Oder, Germany. RP Diestelhorst, RM (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM ryan@ece.gatech.edu; stan.phillips@gatech.edu; aravinda@ece.gatech.edu; asutton@ece.gatech.edu; cressler@ece.gatech.edu; jonathan.a.pellish@nasa.gov; robert.reed@vanderbilt.edu; gvizkel@sandia.gov; pwmarshall@aol.com; gustat@ihp-microelectronics.com; heinemann@ihp-microelectronics.com NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3402 EP 3407 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2030801 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900059 ER PT J AU Dodd, PE Shaneyfelt, MR Draper, BL Young, RW Savignon, D Witcher, JB Vizkelethy, G Schwank, JR Shen, ZJ Shea, P Landowski, M Dalton, SM AF Dodd, P. E. Shaneyfelt, M. R. Draper, B. L. Young, R. W. Savignon, D. Witcher, J. B. Vizkelethy, G. Schwank, J. R. Shen, Z. J. Shea, P. Landowski, M. Dalton, S. M. TI Development of a Radiation-Hardened Lateral Power MOSFET for POL Applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Point of load (POL) power conversion; power MOSFET; radiation effects; radiation hardening; single-event burnout; single-event effects; single-event gate rupture; total ionizing dose ID DEGRADATION; TRANSISTORS; EXPRESSION; IMPACT AB The radiation response of lateral power MOSFETs in total dose and energetic particle environments is explored. Results indicate that lateral power MOSFETs can be quite susceptible to single-event burnout. Tradeoffs involved in developing radiation hardened lateral power MOSFETs for point-of-load applications are studied using experiments and device simulations. Both design and fabrication process techniques can be used to significantly improve the single-event effect performance of lateral power MOSFETs, but the trade space between electrical and radiation performance must be carefully considered to produce an optimized design for point-of-load applications. C1 [Dodd, P. E.; Shaneyfelt, M. R.; Draper, B. L.; Young, R. W.; Savignon, D.; Witcher, J. B.; Vizkelethy, G.; Schwank, J. R.; Dalton, S. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Shen, Z. J.; Shea, P.; Landowski, M.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Dodd, PE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM pedodd@sandia.gov NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3456 EP 3462 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033922 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900067 ER PT J AU Najafizadeh, L Phillips, SD Moen, KA Diestelhorst, RM Bellini, M Saha, PK Cressler, JD Vizkelethy, G Turowski, M Raman, A Marshall, PW AF Najafizadeh, Laleh Phillips, Stanley D. Moen, Kurt A. Diestelhorst, Ryan M. Bellini, Marco Saha, Prabir K. Cressler, John D. Vizkelethy, Gyorgy Turowski, Marek Raman, Ashok Marshall, Paul W. TI Single Event Transient Response of SiGe Voltage References and Its Impact on the Performance of Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuits SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Radiation hardening by design (RHBD); silicon-germanium (SiGe); silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistor (SiGe HBT); single-event transient (SET); time-resolved ion-beam induced charge collection (TRIBICC); voltage references ID INDUCED CHARGE COLLECTION; CONTROLLED OSCILLATORS; RHBD TECHNIQUES; 3-D SIMULATION; MITIGATION; COMPARATOR; REGULATORS; TEMPERATURE; IRRADIATION; ELECTRONICS AB We investigate the single-event transient (SET) response of bandgap voltage references (BGRs) implemented in SiGe BiCMOS technology through heavy ion microbeam experiments. The SiGe BGR circuit is used to provide the input reference voltage to a voltage regulator. SiGe HBTs in the BGR circuit are struck with 36-MeV oxygen ions, and the subsequent transient responses are captured at the output of the regulator. Sensitive devices responsible for generating transients with large peak magnitudes (more than 5% of the dc output voltage) are identified. To determine the effectiveness of a transistor-layout-based radiation hardened by design (RHBD) technique with respect to immunity to SETs at the circuit level, the BGR circuit implemented with HBTs surrounded by an alternate reverse-biased junction (n-ring RHBD) is also bombarded with oxygen ions, and subsequent SETs are captured. Experimental results indicate that the number of events causing transients with peak magnitude more than 5% above the dc level have been reduced in the RHBD version; however, with the inclusion of the n-ring RHBD, new locations for the occurrence of transients (albeit with smaller peak magnitude) are created. Transients at the transistor-level are also independently captured and are presented. It is demonstrated that while the transients are short at the transistor level (ns duration), relatively long transients are obtained at the circuit level (hundreds of nanoseconds). In addition, the impact of the SET response of the BGR on the performance of an ultra-high-speed 3-bit SiGe analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is investigated through simulation. It is shown that ion-induced transients in the reference voltage could eventually lead to data corruption at the output of the ADC. C1 [Najafizadeh, Laleh; Phillips, Stanley D.; Moen, Kurt A.; Diestelhorst, Ryan M.; Bellini, Marco; Saha, Prabir K.; Cressler, John D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Vizkelethy, Gyorgy] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Turowski, Marek; Raman, Ashok] CFD Res Corp, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Marshall, Paul W.] NASA, GSFC, Brookneal, VA 24528 USA. RP Najafizadeh, L (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM laleh@ece.gatech.edu; stan.phillips@gatech.edu; kmoen@ece.gatech.edu; ryan@ece.gatech.edu; bellini@ece.gatech.edu; prabirs@ece.gatech.edu; cressler@ece.gatech.edu; gvizkel@sandia.gov; mt@cfdrc.com; ar2@cfdrc.com; pwmarshall@aol.com OI Moen, Kurt/0000-0001-7697-8636 NR 38 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3469 EP 3476 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2034159 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900069 ER PT J AU Heidel, DF Marshall, PW Pellish, JA Rodbell, KP LaBel, KA Schwank, JR Rauch, SE Hakey, MC Berg, MD Castaneda, CM Dodd, PE Friendlich, MR Phan, AD Seidleck, CM Shaneyfelt, MR Xapsos, MA AF Heidel, David F. Marshall, Paul W. Pellish, Jonathan A. Rodbell, Kenneth P. LaBel, Kenneth A. Schwank, James R. Rauch, Stewart E. Hakey, Mark C. Berg, Melanie D. Castaneda, Carlos M. Dodd, Paul E. Friendlich, Mark R. Phan, Anthony D. Seidleck, Christina M. Shaneyfelt, Marty R. Xapsos, Michael A. TI Single-Event Upsets and Multiple-Bit Upsets on a 45 nm SOI SRAM SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Proton irradiation; silicon on insulator technology; single event upset; SRAM ID SIMULATIONS AB Experimental results are presented on single-bit-upsets (SBU) and multiple-bit-upsets (MBU) on a 45 nm SOI SRAM. The accelerated testing results show the SBU-per-bit cross section is relatively constant with technology scaling but the MBU cross section is increasing. The MBU data show the importance of acquiring and analyzing the data with respect to the location of the multiple-bit upsets since the relative location of the cells is important in determining which MBU upsets can be corrected with error correcting code (ECC) circuits. For the SOI SRAMs, a large MBU orientation effect is observed with most of the MBU events occurring along the same SRAM bit-line; allowing ECC circuits to correct most of these MBU events. C1 [Heidel, David F.; Rodbell, Kenneth P.] IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. [Marshall, Paul W.] NASA, Brookneal, VA 24528 USA. [Pellish, Jonathan A.; LaBel, Kenneth A.; Xapsos, Michael A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Schwank, James R.; Dodd, Paul E.; Shaneyfelt, Marty R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87175 USA. [Rauch, Stewart E.] IBM Corp, Syst & Technol Grp, Hopewell Jct, NY 12533 USA. [Hakey, Mark C.] IBM Corp, Syst & Technol Grp, Essex Jct, VT 05452 USA. [Seidleck, Christina M.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Berg, Melanie D.; Friendlich, Mark R.; Phan, Anthony D.; Seidleck, Christina M.] MEI Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Heidel, DF (reprint author), IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. EM heidel@us.ibm.com; pwmarshall@aol.com; jonathan.a.pellish@nasa.gov; rodbell@us.ibm.com; kenneth.a.label@nasa.gov; schwanjr@sandia.gov; rauchs@us.ibm.com; mhakey@us.ibm.com; melanie.d.berg@nasa.gov; castaneda@crocker.ucdavis.edu; pedodd@sandia.gov; Mark.R.Friendlich.1@gsfc.nasa.gov; Anthony.M.Phan.1@gsfc.nasa.gov; Christina.M.Seidleck.1@gsfc.nasa.gov; shaneymr@sandia.gov; michael.a.xapsos@nasa.gov OI Rauch, Stewart/0000-0001-5749-0889 NR 20 TC 73 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3499 EP 3504 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033796 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900073 ER PT J AU Ostler, PS Caffrey, MP Gibelyou, DS Graham, PS Morgan, KS Pratt, BH Quinn, HM Wirthlin, MJ AF Ostler, Patrick S. Caffrey, Michael P. Gibelyou, Derrick S. Graham, Paul S. Morgan, Keith S. Pratt, Brian H. Quinn, Heather M. Wirthlin, Michael J. TI SRAM FPGA Reliability Analysis for Harsh Radiation Environments SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE FPGAs; redundancy; reliability modeling; single event effects ID UPSETS AB This paper investigates the viability of deploying SRAM-based FPGAs into harsh Earth-orbit environments. A reliability model is presented for estimating the of SRAM FPGA designs in specific orbits and orbit conditions. The model requires orbit-and condition-specific SEU rates and design-specific estimates of the probability of failure during a single scrubbing period. Probability of failure estimates are reported for several FPGA designs from both fault-injection and accelerator experiments. The model also includes a method for estimating composite mean time to failure (MTTF) that incorporates all orbit conditions over a solar cycle. Despite using pessimistic assumptions, the results from this model suggest that SRAM FPGA designs protected by TMR and scrubbing operate very reliably in a LEO orbit and surprisingly well in "harsh" orbits. C1 [Ostler, Patrick S.; Caffrey, Michael P.; Graham, Paul S.; Morgan, Keith S.; Quinn, Heather M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Data Syst Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Gibelyou, Derrick S.; Pratt, Brian H.; Wirthlin, Michael J.] Brigham Young Univ, NSF Ctr High Performance Reconfigurable Comp, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Provo, UT 84604 USA. RP Ostler, PS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Data Syst Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM wirthlin@ee.byu.edu NR 25 TC 35 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 16 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3519 EP 3526 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033381 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900076 ER PT J AU Quinn, H Allen, GR Swift, GM Tseng, CW Graham, PS Morgan, KS Ostler, P AF Quinn, Heather Allen, Gregory R. Swift, Gary M. Tseng, Chen Wei Graham, Paul S. Morgan, Keith Shearl Ostler, Patrick TI SEU-Susceptibility of Logical Constants in Xilinx FPGA Designs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Fault tolerance; field programmable gate arrays; proton radiation effects; reliability estimation ID PROPAGATION; MITIGATION AB In Xilinx Field Programmable Gate Arrays two types of logical constants, implicit and explicit, are used to prevent unspecified signals from floating. Implicit logical constants are implemented with a weak keeper circuit, called a half latch, and are used to tie off unspecified input signals to user flip-flops. Explicit logical constants in the earlier devices are implemented using look up tables (LUTs) set to a constant value (constant LUTs) and in the newer devices are implemented using posts that provide access to the ground plane. Explicit logical constants often are used in adders and multipliers. In this paper, we will present radiation test data and analysis of the three types of logical constants. C1 [Quinn, Heather; Graham, Paul S.; Morgan, Keith Shearl] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Data Syst ISR 3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Allen, Gregory R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Swift, Gary M.; Tseng, Chen Wei] Xilinx Corp, San Jose, CA 95124 USA. [Ostler, Patrick] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Quinn, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Data Syst ISR 3, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hquinn@lanl.gov; gregory.allen@jpl.nasa.gov; gary.swift@xilinx.com; weitseng@xilinx.com; grahamp@lanl.gov; morgank@lanl.gov; patchos@lanl.gov NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3527 EP 3533 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033925 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900077 ER PT J AU Krawczynski, H Garson, A Martin, J Li, Q Beilicke, M Dowkontt, P Lee, K Wulf, E Kurfess, J Novikova, EI De Geronimo, G Baring, MG Harding, AK Grindlay, J Hong, JS AF Krawczynski, H. Garson, A., III Martin, J. Li, Q. Beilicke, M. Dowkontt, P. Lee, K. Wulf, E. Kurfess, J. Novikova, E. I. De Geronimo, G. Baring, M. G. Harding, A. K. Grindlay, J. Hong, J. S. TI HX-POLA Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Gamma-ray astronomy; gamma-ray astronomy detectors; polarization; semiconductor radiation detectors; X-ray astronomy; X-ray astronomy detectors ID POLARIZATION; CMOS; PULSARS; PROSPECTS; SPECTRUM; BURST AB We report on the design and estimated performance of a balloon-borne hard X-ray polarimeter called HX-POL. The experiment uses a combination of Si and Cadmium Zinc Telluride detectors to measure the polarization of 50 keV-400 keV X-rays from cosmic sources through the dependence of the angular distribution of Compton scattered photons on the polarization direction. On a one-day balloon flight, HX-POL would allow us to measure the polarization of bright Crab-like sources for polarization degrees well below 10%. On a longer (15-30 day) flight from Australia or Antarctica, HX-POL would be be able to measure the polarization of bright galactic X-ray sources down to polarization degrees of a few percent. Hard X-ray polarization measurements provide unique venues for the study of particle acceleration processes by compact objects and relativistic outflows. In this paper, we discuss the overall instrument design and performance. Furthermore, we present results from laboratory tests of the Si and CZT detectors. C1 [Krawczynski, H.; Garson, A., III; Martin, J.; Li, Q.; Beilicke, M.; Dowkontt, P.; Lee, K.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Krawczynski, H.; Garson, A., III; Martin, J.; Li, Q.; Beilicke, M.; Dowkontt, P.; Lee, K.] McDonnel Ctr Space Sci, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Wulf, E.; Novikova, E. I.] USN, Res Lab, High Energy Space Environm Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kurfess, J.] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. [De Geronimo, G.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77001 USA. [Harding, A. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Grindlay, J.; Hong, J. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Krawczynski, H (reprint author), Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RI Wulf, Eric/B-1240-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012 FU Washington University; NASA [NNX07AH37G] FX The work of the Washington University group was supported by NASA under Grant NNX07AH37G. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3607 EP 3613 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2034523 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PR UT WOS:000272605300006 ER PT J AU Robinson, SM Bender, SE Flumerfelt, EL LoPresti, CA Woodring, ML AF Robinson, Sean M. Bender, Sarah E. Flumerfelt, Eric L. LoPresti, Charles A. Woodring, Mitchell L. TI Time Series Evaluation of Radiation Portal Monitor Data for Point Source Detection SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Background suppression; energy windowing; matching filters; radiation detection; time series analysis ID FILTER AB The time series of data from a Radiation Portal Monitor (RPM) system are evaluated for the presence of point sources by isolating the contribution of anomalous radiation. Energy-windowed background spectra taken from the RPM are compared with the observed spectra at each time step during a vehicle drive-through. The total signal is turned into a "spectral distance" index using this method. This provides a time series with reduced systematic fluctuations due to background attenuation by the vehicle, and allows for point source detection by time-series analyses. The anomalous time series is reanalyzed by using a wavelet filter function of similar size to the expected source profile. A number of real drive-through data sets taken at a U. S. port of entry are analyzed in this way. A set of isotopes are injected into the data set, and the resultant "benign" and "injected" data sets are analyzed with gross-counting, spectral-ratio, and time-based algorithms. Spectral and time methods together offer a significant increase to detection performance. C1 [Robinson, Sean M.; LoPresti, Charles A.; Woodring, Mitchell L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Bender, Sarah E.] Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA 16802 USA. [Flumerfelt, Eric L.] Juniata Coll, Huntingdon, PA 16652 USA. RP Robinson, SM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sean.robinson@pnl.gov; sarah.bender@pnl.gov; eric.flumerfelt@pnl.gov; charles.lopresti@pnl.gov; mitchell.woodring@pnl.gov NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3688 EP 3693 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2034372 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PR UT WOS:000272605300012 ER PT J AU Candy, JV Breitfeller, E Guidry, BL Manatt, D Sale, K Chambers, DH Axelrod, MA Meyer, AM AF Candy, J. V. Breitfeller, E. Guidry, B. L. Manatt, D. Sale, K. Chambers, D. H. Axelrod, M. A. Meyer, A. M. TI Physics-Based Detection of Radioactive Contraband: A Sequential Bayesian Approach SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Kalman filter; particle filter; physics-based approach; sequential Bayesian processor; sequential Monte Carlo; sequential radionuclide detection ID SPECIAL-ISSUE; DECONVOLUTION AB The timely and accurate detection of nuclear contraband is an extremely important problem of national security. The development of a prototype sequential Bayesian processor that incorporates the underlying physics of gamma-ray emissions and the measurement of photon energies and their interarrival times that offers a physics-based approach to attack this challenging problem is described. A basic radionuclide representation in terms of its gamma-ray energies along with photon interarrival times is used to extract the physics information available from the uncertain measurements. It is shown that not only does this approach lead to a physics-based structure that can be used to develop an effective threat detection technique, but also motivates the implementation of this approach using advanced sequential Monte Carlo processors or particle filters to extract the required information. The resulting processor is applied to experimental data to demonstrate its feasibility. C1 [Candy, J. V.; Breitfeller, E.; Guidry, B. L.; Sale, K.; Chambers, D. H.; Axelrod, M. A.; Meyer, A. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Manatt, D.] SAIC, Adv Engn & Appl Sci Div, San Diego, CA 92127 USA. RP Candy, JV (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM candy1@llnl.gov; douglas.r.manatt@saic.com; rad.detect@gmail.com FU U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3694 EP 3711 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2034374 PN 2 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PR UT WOS:000272605300013 ER PT J AU Wisniewski, D Boatner, LA AF Wisniewski, Dariusz Boatner, Lynn A. TI Scintillation Properties and Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of a Novel Scintillator Material: Ce3+-Activated Li3Lu(PO4)(2) Crystals SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cerium activation; energy transfer; luminescence; neutron detection; scintillation; scintillator materials ID DOUBLE-PHOSPHATE SCINTILLATORS; CERIUM; ORTHOPHOSPHATE; LUALO3-CE AB The scintillation properties and time-resolved spectroscopy results for Li3Lu(PO4)(2): Ce-a new Ce3+-activated crystalline scintillator have been determined. This material contains stoichiometric amounts of Li, and can be synthesized either with the use of Li-6-enriched or Li-6-depleted isotopes, for achieving thermal neutron sensitivity or x-ray/gamma-ray detection without neutron sensitivity, respectively. The scintillation of Li3Lu(PO4)(2):Ce is based on the Ce3+-activator UV (336 and 360 nm) emission, and for a 2 wt.% activation level and gamma ray photon excitation, it exhibits a light yield of about 5300 photons/MeV and a decay time constant of 24.7 ns-with no longer component observed in the time range up to 2 mu s. Host emissions, while present for some specific excitations in the region of the bandgap energy, do not appear to play a significant role in the material's scintillation that is most probably accomplished by the consecutive capture and recombination of free band holes and electrons on the activator ions. C1 [Wisniewski, Dariusz] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Inst Phys, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Boatner, Lynn A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Radiat Detect Mat & Syst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wisniewski, D (reprint author), Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Inst Phys, Grudziadzka 5-7, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. EM darekw@fizyka.umk.pl; boat-nerla@ornl.gov RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 FU U. S. NNSA Office of Nonproliferation Research and Engineering [NA-22]; European Community [HPRI-CT-1999-00040]; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Research carried out in the ORNL Center for Radiation Detection Materials and Systems was supported by the U. S. NNSA Office of Nonproliferation Research and Engineering (NA-22). Experiments conducted at Hasylab (DESY) were supported in part by IHP-Contract HPRI-CT-1999-00040 of the European Community. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC under U. S. Department of Energy Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3806 EP 3818 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2032290 PN 2 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PR UT WOS:000272605300027 ER PT J AU Boerner, JJ Boyd, ID AF Boerner, Jeremiah J. Boyd, Iain D. TI Multigrid Method for Numerical Simulation of Faraday Probe Measurements SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Multigrid (MG) methods; plasma applications; plasma measurements; plasma sheaths ID IN-CELL SIMULATIONS; THRUSTER PLUMES; HALL THRUSTER; NEAR-FIELD AB An axisymmetric hybrid electron fluid particle-in-cell computational method is used extensively to simulate Faraday probe measurements for a range of plasma conditions and probe techniques. A new multigrid (MG) method is developed and implemented to speed up the simulations and allow larger domains to be simulated in a practical amount of time. The first study considers how different flowing ion distributions affect the current measurements at a planar Faraday probe surface. The second study considers variations of the standard probe technique and includes varying a uniform bias voltage and varying the guard-ring bias relative to the collecting surface bias. These studies indicate that the standard Faraday probe technique is very robust, and measurements accurately reflect the ion current for a broad range of conditions. The new MG method obtains an overall speedup slightly better than a factor of two, enabling a study of a reversed Faraday probe configuration. This study indicates that the plasma flow behind a reversed probe has strong gradients and complex structure. It is recommended that the probe-body potential should be allowed to float, in order to minimize the focusing effects of sheaths along the side of the probe. C1 [Boerner, Jeremiah J.; Boyd, Iain D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Boerner, JJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jjboern@sandia.gov; iainboyd@umich.edu NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 37 IS 12 BP 2365 EP 2377 DI 10.1109/TPS.2009.2033358 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 530PY UT WOS:000272606000008 ER PT J AU Apte, MG AF Apte, M. G. TI Response to 'Does filter media type really affect BRS?' SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Letter C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Apte, MG (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Berkeley, CA USA. EM MGApte@lbl.gov NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0905-6947 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD DEC PY 2009 VL 19 IS 6 BP 526 EP 528 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2009.00616.x PG 3 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 521WV UT WOS:000271958000012 PM 19930486 ER PT J AU Kielman, J Thomas, J May, R AF Kielman, Joe Thomas, Jim May, Richard TI Foundations and Frontiers in Visual Analytics Introduction SO INFORMATION VISUALIZATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Thomas, Jim; May, Richard] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Kielman, Joe] Sci & Technol Directorate, US Dept Homeland Secur, Washington, DC USA. RP Thomas, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,K7-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jim.thomas@pnl.gov NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 1473-8716 J9 INFORM VISUAL JI Inf. Vis. PD WIN PY 2009 VL 8 IS 4 BP 239 EP 246 DI 10.1057/ivs.2009.25 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 497WF UT WOS:000270093700001 ER PT J AU Pike, WA Stasko, J Chang, R O'Connell, TA AF Pike, William A. Stasko, John Chang, Remco O'Connell, Theresa A. TI The science of interaction SO INFORMATION VISUALIZATION LA English DT Article CT Workshop on the Future of Visual Analytics CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Washington, DC DE visual analytics; interaction theory; reasoning; collaboration ID VISUAL ANALYTICS; INFORMATION VISUALIZATION; FRAMEWORK; COGNITION; INSIGHT; MODEL AB There is a growing recognition within the visual analytics community that interaction and inquiry are inextricable. It is through the interactive manipulation of a visual interface - the analytic discourse - that knowledge is constructed, tested, refined and shared. This article reflects on the interaction challenges raised in the visual analytics research and development agenda and further explores the relationship between interaction and cognition. It identifies recent exemplars of visual analytics research that have made substantive progress toward the goals of a true science of interaction, which must include theories and testable premises about the most appropriate mechanisms for human-information interaction. Seven areas for further work are highlighted as those among the highest priorities for the next 5 years of visual analytics research: ubiquitous, embodied interaction; capturing user intentionality; knowledge-based interfaces; collaboration; principles of design and perception; interoperability; and interaction evaluation. Ultimately, the goal of a science of interaction is to support the visual analytics and human-computer interaction communities through the recognition and implementation of best practices in the representation and manipulation of visual displays. Information Visualization (2009) 8, 263-274. doi:10.1057/ivs.2009.22 C1 [Pike, William A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Stasko, John] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30334 USA. [Chang, Remco] Univ N Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [O'Connell, Theresa A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Pike, WA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN K7-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM william.pike@pnl.gov RI Chen, Changyu/G-9346-2011 NR 44 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 20 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 1473-8716 J9 INFORM VISUAL JI Inf. Vis. PD WIN PY 2009 VL 8 IS 4 BP 263 EP 274 DI 10.1057/ivs.2009.22 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 497WF UT WOS:000270093700004 ER PT J AU Chinchor, N Pike, WA AF Chinchor, Nancy Pike, William A. TI The science of analytic reporting SO INFORMATION VISUALIZATION LA English DT Article CT Workshop on the Future of Visual Analytics CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Washington, DC DE visual rhetoric; graphic design; analytic product; reporting; collaboration; communication AB The challenge of visually communicating analysis results is central to the ability of visual analytics tools to support decision making and knowledge construction. The benefit of emerging visual methods will be improved through more effective exchange of the insights generated through the use of visual analytics. This article outlines the major requirements for next-generation reporting systems in terms of eight major research needs: the development of best practices, design automation, visual rhetoric, context and audience, connecting analysis to presentation, evidence and argument, collaborative environments and interactive and dynamic documents. It also describes an emerging technology called Active Products that introduces new techniques for analytic process capture and dissemination. Information Visualization (2009) 8, 286-293. doi:10.1057/ivs.2009.21 C1 [Chinchor, Nancy] Chinchor Eclect LLC, Reston, VA 20191 USA. [Pike, William A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chinchor, N (reprint author), Chinchor Eclect LLC, Reston, VA 20191 USA. EM chinchoreclectic@gmail.com NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 1473-8716 J9 INFORM VISUAL JI Inf. Vis. PD WIN PY 2009 VL 8 IS 4 BP 286 EP 293 DI 10.1057/ivs.2009.21 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 497WF UT WOS:000270093700006 ER PT J AU Scholtz, J Cook, KA Whiting, MA Lemon, D Greenblatt, H AF Scholtz, Jean Cook, Kristin A. Whiting, Mark A. Lemon, Doug Greenblatt, Howard TI Visual analytics technology transition progress SO INFORMATION VISUALIZATION LA English DT Article CT Workshop on the Future of Visual Analytics CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Washington, DC DE visual analytics; technology transition; commercialization; visual analytics evaluation; user-centered research; user feedback ID CONTEST AB The authors provide a description of the transition process for visual analytic tools and contrast this with the transition process for more traditional software tools. This paper takes this difference into account and describes a user-oriented approach to technology transition including a discussion of key factors that should be considered and adapted to each situation. The progress made in transitioning visual analytic tools in the past 5 years is described and challenges that remain are enumerated. Information Visualization (2009) 8, 294-301. doi:10.1057/ivs.2009.20 C1 [Scholtz, Jean; Cook, Kristin A.; Whiting, Mark A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Lemon, Doug] Utah State Univ, N Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Greenblatt, Howard] Metatomix, Dedham, MA 02026 USA. RP Scholtz, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN K7-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jean.scholtz@pnl.gov RI Scholtz, Jean/E-8955-2013 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 1473-8716 J9 INFORM VISUAL JI Inf. Vis. PD WIN PY 2009 VL 8 IS 4 BP 294 EP 301 DI 10.1057/ivs.2009.20 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 497WF UT WOS:000270093700007 ER PT J AU Wong, PC Thomas, J AF Wong, Pak Chung Thomas, Jim TI Visual analytics: Building a vibrant and resilient national science SO INFORMATION VISUALIZATION LA English DT Article CT Workshop on the Future of Visual Analytics CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Washington, DC DE visual analytics; information visualization; data visualization; google AB Five years after the science of visual analytics was formally established, we attempt to use two different studies to assess the current state of the community and evaluate the progress the community has made in the past few years. The first study involves a comparison analysis of intellectual and scholastic accomplishments recently made by the visual analytics community with two other visualization communities. The second study aims to measure the degree of community reach and internet penetration of visual-analytics-related resources. This article describes our efforts to harvest the study data, conduct analysis and make interpretations based on parallel comparisons with five other established computer science areas. Information Visualization (2009) 8, 302-308. doi:10.1057/ivs.2009.24 C1 [Wong, Pak Chung; Thomas, Jim] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wong, PC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN K7-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM pak.wong@pnl.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 1473-8716 J9 INFORM VISUAL JI Inf. Vis. PD WIN PY 2009 VL 8 IS 4 BP 302 EP 308 DI 10.1057/ivs.2009.24 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 497WF UT WOS:000270093700008 ER PT J AU Thomas, J Kielman, J AF Thomas, Jim Kielman, Joe TI Challenges for visual analytics SO INFORMATION VISUALIZATION LA English DT Article CT Workshop on the Future of Visual Analytics CY MAR 04, 2009 CL Washington, DC DE visual analytics; domains and applications; state of practice; future challenges AB Visual analytics has seen unprecedented growth in its first 5 years of mainstream existence. Great progress has been made in a short time, yet significant challenges must be met in the next decade to provide new technologies that will be widely accepted throughout the world. This article explains some of those challenges in an effort to provide a stimulus for research, both basic and applied, that can realize or even exceed the potential envisioned for visual analytics technologies. We start with a brief summary of the initial challenges, followed by a discussion of the initial driving domains and applications. These are followed by a selection of additional applications and domains that have been a part of recent rapid expansion of visual analytics usage. We then look at the common characteristics of several tools illustrating emerging visual analytics technologies and conclude with the top 10 challenges for the field of study. We encourage feedback and continued participation by members of the research community, the wide array of user communities and private industry. Information Visualization (2009) 8, 309-314. doi:10.1057/ivs.2009.26 C1 [Thomas, Jim] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Kielman, Joe] Sci & Technol Directorate, Dept Homeland Secur, Washington, DC USA. RP Thomas, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,K7-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jim.thomas@pnl.gov NR 9 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 1473-8716 J9 INFORM VISUAL JI Inf. Vis. PD WIN PY 2009 VL 8 IS 4 BP 309 EP 314 DI 10.1057/ivs.2009.26 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 497WF UT WOS:000270093700009 ER PT J AU Young, RA Bast, CB Wood, CS Adeshina, F AF Young, Robert A. Bast, Cheryl B. Wood, Carol S. Adeshina, Femi TI Overview of the Standing Operating Procedure (SOP) for the development of Provisional Advisory Levels (PALs) SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE PAL; Risk Assessment; SOP; inhalation; drinking water ID INHALED CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; REFERENCE DOSE RFD; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; INHALATION; CHLORINE; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE; RAT AB Provisional Advisory Levels (PALs) are concentrations in air and drinking water for priority toxic chemicals. This article summarizes the Standing Operating Procedure (SOP) currently in place for the data-driven development of chemical-specific PALs. To provide consistency and transparency, and to avoid faults of arbitrariness, the SOP was developed for guidance in deriving PAL values. Three levels (PAL 1, PAL 2, and PAL 3), distinguished by severity of toxic effects, are developed for 24-hour, 30-day, 90-day, and 2-year durations of potential drinking water and inhalation exposures for the general public. The SOP for PAL development focuses on (1) data acquisition and analysis, (2) identification of a chemical-specific critical effect, (3) selection of a quantitative point-of-departure (POD), (4) uncertainty analysis and adjustments, (5) exposure duration adjustment and extrapolation, (6) identification of special concerns and issues, and (7) verification, documentation, and dissemination of PALs. To avoid uncompromising rigidity in deriving PAL values and to allow for incorporation of new or refined methodologies, the overall procedure is fluid and subject to modification. The purpose of this publication is to provide a summary of this SOP. C1 [Young, Robert A.; Bast, Cheryl B.; Wood, Carol S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Toxicol & Hazard Assessment Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Adeshina, Femi] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Young, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Toxicol & Hazard Assessment Grp, 1060 Commerce Pk, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM youngra@ornl.gov RI Bast, Cheryl/B-9436-2012 FU U.S. Department of Energy [1824-S870-T1, DW-8992241401, DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was prepared under two Interagency Agreements (IAGs): IAG No. 1824-S870-T1 with the U.S. Department of Energy and IAG No. DW-8992241401 with the US. Environmental Protection Agency. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 21 SU 3 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.3109/08958370903202747 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 544GW UT WOS:000273643600001 PM 19827911 ER PT J AU Adeshina, F Sonich-Mullin, C Ross, RH Wood, CS AF Adeshina, Femi Sonich-Mullin, Cynthia Ross, Robert H. Wood, Carol S. TI Health-based Provisional Advisory Levels (PALs) for homeland security SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE PAL; Emergency Planning; inhalation; drinking water AB The Homeland Security Presidential Directive #8 (HSPD-8) for National Emergency Preparedness was issued to "establish policies to strengthen the preparedness of the United States to prevent and respond to threatened or actual domestic terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies by requiring a national domestic all-hazards preparedness goal...." In response to HSPD-8 and HSPD-22 (classified) on Domestic Chemical Defense, the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) National Homeland Security Research Center (NHSRC) is developing health-based Provisional Advisory Levels (PALs) for priority chemicals (including chemical warfare agents, pesticides, and toxic industrial chemicals) in air and drinking water. PALs are temporary values that will neither be promulgated, nor be formally issued as regulatory guidance. They are intended to be used at the discretion of risk managers in emergency situations. The PAL Program provides advisory exposure levels for chemical agents to assist in emergency planning and response decision-making, and to aid in making informed risk management decisions for evacuation, temporary re-entry into affected areas, and resumed-use of infrastructure, such as water resources. These risk management decisions may be made at the federal, state, and local levels. Three exposure levels (PAL 1, PAL 2, and PAL 3), distinguished by severity of toxic effects, are developed for 24-hour, 30-day, 90-day, and 2-year durations for potential exposure to drinking water and ambient air by the general public. Developed PALs are evaluated both by a US EPA working group, and an external multidisciplinary panel to ensure scientific credibility and wide acceptance. In this Special Issue publication, we present background information on the PAL program, the methodology used in deriving PALs, and the technical support documents for the derivation of PALs for acrylonitrile, hydrogen sulfide, and phosgene. C1 [Adeshina, Femi] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Sonich-Mullin, Cynthia] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Ross, Robert H.; Wood, Carol S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Toxicol & Hazard Assessment Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Adeshina, F (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, DC Mail Code 8801-R,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Adeshina.Femi@epamail.epa.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [1824-S870-T1, DW-8992241401, DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was prepared under two Interagency Agreements (IAGs): IAG No. 1824-S870-T1 with the U.S. Department of Energy and IAG No. DW-8992241401 with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 21 SU 3 BP 12 EP 16 DI 10.3109/08958370903202788 PG 5 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 544GW UT WOS:000273643600002 PM 19814653 ER PT J AU Goldhaber, S Dorman, D Gardner, D Adeshina, F AF Goldhaber, Susan Dorman, David Gardner, Donald Adeshina, Femi TI Provisional Advisory Levels (PALs) for acrylonitrile SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE PALs; acrylonitrile; emergency response; inhalation; drinking water ID ALIPHATIC NITRILES; GLUTATHIONE DEPLETION; URINARY-EXCRETION; DRINKING-WATER; ACUTE TOXICITY; IRREVERSIBLE ASSOCIATION; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITIES; 2-CYANOETHYLENE OXIDE; TISSUE MACROMOLECULES; HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS AB Application of Provisional Advisory Level (PAL) protocols was performed for acrylonitrile, as experimental data permitted. Three levels (PAL 1, PAL 2, and PAL 3), distinguished by severity of toxic effects, are developed for 24-hour, 30-day, 90-day, and 2-year durations of potential drinking water and inhalation exposures for the general public. For background on the PAL Program and a description of the methodology used in deriving PALs, the reader is referred to accompanying papers in this Supplement. Human data were limited to inhalation exposures. The animal experimental data set for this chemical was robust for inhalation and oral studies, with the exception of appropriate data for inhalation 30-day, 90-day, and 2-year PAL 3 values. PAL estimates were approved by the Expert Consultation Panel for Provisional Advisory Levels in October 2007. Oral 24-hour PALs for acrylonitrile are PAL 1 = 7 mg/L; PAL 2 = 23 mg/L; and PAL 3 = 88 mg/L. Oral 30-day and 90-day PALs are PAL 1 = 0.35 mg/L; PAL 2 = 7 mg/L; and PAL 3 = 17 mg/L. Oral 2-year PALs are PAL 1 = 0.35 mg/L; PAL 2 = 3.5 mg/L; and PAL 3 = 12 mg/L. Acrylonitrile inhalation PAL values for 24-hour exposure are PAL 1 = 0.17 ppm; PAL 2 = 3.5 ppm; and PAL 3 = 5.1 ppm; the 30-day and 90-day inhalation exposure values are PAL 1 = 0.15 ppm and PAL 2 = 0.60 ppm. The 2-year inhalation values are PAL 1 = 0.014 ppm and PAL 2 = 0.12 ppm. PAL 3 values for 30 days, 90 days, and 2 years are not recommended due to insufficient data. C1 [Goldhaber, Susan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Toxicol & Hazard Assessment Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dorman, David] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Res & Grad Studies, Raleigh, NC USA. [Gardner, Donald] Inhalat Toxicol Associates, Savannah, GA USA. [Adeshina, Femi] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Goldhaber, S (reprint author), 8013 Wavendon Ct, Raleigh, NC 27615 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [1824-S870-T1, DW-8992241401, DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was prepared under two Interagency Agreements (IAGs): IAG No. 1824-S870-T1 with the U.S. Department of Energy and 1AG No. DW-8992241401 with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 148 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 21 SU 3 BP 17 EP 55 DI 10.3109/08958370903202804 PG 39 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 544GW UT WOS:000273643600003 PM 19827913 ER PT J AU Marshall, T Dorman, D Gardner, D Adeshina, F AF Marshall, Thomas Dorman, David Gardner, Donald Adeshina, Femi TI Provisional Advisory Levels (PALs) for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PALs; hydrogen sulfide; emergency planning; inhalation; drinking water ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; INHALATION EXPOSURE; CARBON-DISULFIDE; EXERCISING MEN; HEALTHY-MEN; TOXICITY; WORKERS; TISSUE; GASES; WOMEN AB Application of Provisional Advisory Levels (PALs) protocols was performed for hydrogen sulfide (H,S) as experimental data permitted. Three levels (PAL 1, PAL 2, and PAL 3), distinguished by severity of toxic effects, are developed for 24-hour, 30-day, 90-day, and 2-year durations of potential drinking water and inhalation exposures for the general public. For background on the PAL program and a description of the methodology used in deriving PALs, the reader is referred to accompanying papers in this Supplement. The database includes human experimental studies, worker exposure evaluations, as well as case studies on acute and repeated exposure. The database of animal studies is substantial, covering multiple species and addressing acute, repeated, and subchronic exposure scenarios. PAL estimates were approved by the Expert Consultation Panel for Provisional Advisory Levels in November 2006. No reliable data were found on oral exposure, making it impractical to estimate PALs for drinking water. Because H 2 S exists as a gas, partitioning to air is likely to occur with an environmental release. H,S inhalation PAL values for 24-hour exposure are PAL 1 = 1.2 ppm; PAL 2 = 7.0 ppm; and PAL 3 = 27 ppm; the 30-day and 90-day inhalation exposure values are PAL 1 = 0.85 ppm and PAL 2 = 3.0 ppm. PAL 3 values for 30-day and 90-day exposures are not recommended due to insufficient data. Long-term data were insufficient to estimate 2-year inhalation PALs. C1 [Marshall, Thomas] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Toxicol & Hazard Assessment Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Dorman, David] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC USA. [Gardner, Donald] Inhalat Toxicol Associates, Savannah, GA USA. [Adeshina, Femi] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Marshall, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Toxicol & Hazard Assessment Grp, 1060 Commerce Pk, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM marshalltc@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [1824-S870-T1, DW-8992241401, DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was prepared under two Interagency Agreements (IAGs): IAG No. 1824-S870-T1 with the U.S. Department of Energy and IAG No. DW-8992241401 with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC for the US. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 87 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 21 SU 3 BP 56 EP 72 DI 10.3109/08958370903202812 PG 17 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 544GW UT WOS:000273643600004 PM 19827914 ER PT J AU Glass, D McClanahan, M Koller, L Adeshina, F AF Glass, Dana McClanahan, Mark Koller, Loren Adeshina, Femi TI Provisional Advisory Levels (PALs) for phosgene (CG) SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PALs; phosgene; emergency planning; inhalation; drinking water ID NOSE-ONLY EXPOSURE; X TIME-DEPENDENCE; INHALATION TOXICITY; LUNG INJURY; RATS AB The Provisional Advisory Level (PAL) protocol was applied to estimate inhalation exposure limits for phosgene (CG). Three levels (PAL 1, PAL 2, and PAL 3), distinguished by severity of toxic effects, are developed for 24-hour, 30-day, 90-day, and 2-year durations of potential drinking water and inhalation exposures for the general public. For background on the PAL program and a description of the methodology used in deriving PALs, the reader is referred to accompanying papers in this Supplement. Data on humans are limited to occupational exposures or accounts from the use of phosgene as a chemical warfare agent in World War I. Animal studies with phosgene show a steep dose-response curve for pulmonary edema and mortality, with little species variability in effects. Although immediately upon exposure lacrimation and upper respiratory irritation can occur, the main effect in the target organ, a progressive pulmonary edema, occurs after a latency period of 1-24 hours. PAL estimates were approved by the Expert Consultation Panel for Provisional Advisory Levels in May 2007. Exposure limits for oral exposure to CG are not developed due to insufficient data. PAL estimates for inhalation exposure to CG are presented: The 24-hour PAL values for severity levels 1, 2, and 3 are 0.0017, 0.0033 and 0.022 ppm, respectively. The 30- and 90-day PAL values are 0.0006 and 0.0012 ppm for the PAL I and 2 values, respectively. These inhalation values were also accepted as the 2-year PAL I and 2 values because severity of lesions in the key study did not increase when exposures were extended from 4 weeks to 12 weeks. Data were not available for deriving 30-day, 90-day, and 2-year PAL 3 values. C1 [Glass, Dana] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Toxicol & Hazard Assessment Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [McClanahan, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chamblee, GA USA. [Adeshina, Femi] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Glass, D (reprint author), 1060 Commerce Pk Dr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM glassd@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [1824-SB70-T1, DW-8992241401, DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was prepared under two Interagency Agreements (IAGs): IAG No. 1824-SB70-T1 with the U.S. Department of Energy and IAG No. DW-8992241401 with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessaxily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 21 SU 3 BP 73 EP 94 DI 10.3109/08958370903202820 PG 22 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 544GW UT WOS:000273643600005 PM 19827940 ER PT J AU Samant, AN Daniel, C Chand, RH Blue, CA Dahotre, NB AF Samant, Anoop N. Daniel, Claus Chand, Ron H. Blue, Craig A. Dahotre, Narendra B. TI Computational approach to photonic drilling of silicon carbide SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nd:YAG laser; Silicon carbide; Ceramic; Drilling ID AEROSPACE MATERIALS; SURFACE-TENSION; MELT POOL; LASER; MODEL; BEAM; CERAMICS; DYNAMICS; GEOMETRY; ND AB The ability of lasers to carry out drilling processes in silicon carbide ceramic was investigated in this study. A JK 701 pulsed Nd:YAG laser was used for drilling through the entire depth of silicon carbide plates of different thicknesses. The laser parameters were varied in different combinations for a well-controlled drilling through the entire thickness of the SiC plates. A drilling model incorporating effects of various physical phenomena such as decomposition, evaporation-induced recoil pressure, and surface tension was developed. Such comprehensive model was capable of advance prediction of the energy and time required for drilling a hole through any desired depth of material. C1 [Samant, Anoop N.; Daniel, Claus; Dahotre, Narendra B.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Daniel, Claus; Chand, Ron H.; Blue, Craig A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dahotre, NB (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ndahotre@utk.edu RI Daniel, Claus/A-2060-2008 OI Daniel, Claus/0000-0002-0571-6054 FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Claus Daniel acknowledges financial support from the Eugene P. Wigner Fellowship Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U. S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 30 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0268-3768 J9 INT J ADV MANUF TECH JI Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 45 IS 7-8 BP 704 EP 713 DI 10.1007/s00170-009-2004-0 PG 10 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 514UJ UT WOS:000271420900006 ER PT J AU Cook, MB Sigurdson, AJ Jones, IM Thomas, CB Graubard, BI Korde, L Greene, MH McGlynn, KA AF Cook, M. B. Sigurdson, A. J. Jones, I. M. Thomas, C. B. Graubard, B. I. Korde, L. Greene, M. H. McGlynn, K. A. TI Endogenous DNA damage and testicular germ cell tumors SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE comet assay; DNA damage; non-seminoma; seminoma; testicular neoplasms ID RISK-FACTORS; COMET ASSAY; CANCER-PATIENTS; BREAST-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES; GENETIC INSTABILITY; EUROPEAN COUNTRIES; TESTIS CANCER; 2ND CANCERS AB P>Testicular germ cell tumors are comprised of two histologic groups, seminomas and non-seminomas. We postulated that the possible divergent pathogeneses of these histologies may be partially explained by variable levels of net endogenous DNA damage. To test our hypothesis, we conducted a case-case analysis of 51 seminoma and 61 non-seminoma patients using data and specimens from the Familial Testicular Cancer study and the U.S. Radiologic Technologists cohort. A lymphoblastoid cell line was cultured for each patient and the alkaline comet assay was used to determine four parameters: tail DNA, tail length, comet distributed moment (CDM) and Olive tail moment (OTM). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using logistic regression. Values for tail length, tail DNA, CDM and OTM were modelled as categorical variables using the 50th and 75th percentiles of the seminoma group. Tail DNA was significantly associated with non-seminoma compared with seminoma (OR(50th percentile) = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.00, 10.98; OR(75th percentile) = 3.71, 95% CI: 1.04, 13.20; p for trend = 0.039). OTM exhibited similar, albeit statistically non-significant, risk estimates (OR(50th percentile) = 2.27, 95% CI: 0.75, 6.87; OR(75th percentile) = 2.40, 95% CI: 0.75, 7.71; p for trend = 0.12) whereas tail length and CDM showed no association. In conclusion, the results for tail DNA and OTM indicate that net endogenous levels are higher in patients who develop non-seminoma compared with seminoma. This may partly explain the more aggressive biology and younger age-of-onset of this histologic subgroup compared with the relatively less aggressive, later-onset seminoma. C1 [Cook, M. B.; McGlynn, K. A.] NCI, Hormonal & Reprod Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Sigurdson, A. J.] NCI, Radiat Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Jones, I. M.; Thomas, C. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Graubard, B. I.] NCI, Biostat Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Korde, L.; Greene, M. H.] NCI, Clin Genet Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Cook, MB (reprint author), NCI, Hormonal & Reprod Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, EPS 5003,6120 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM cookmich@mail.nih.gov RI Cook, Michael/A-5641-2009 OI Cook, Michael/0000-0002-0533-7302 FU U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors wish to thank Diane Kampa from the University of Minnesota for subject recruitment and Laura Bowen of IMS for data management. The work was in part conducted under the auspices of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the author, and are not to be construed as official, or as reflecting true views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0105-6263 J9 INT J ANDROL JI Int. J. Androl. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 32 IS 6 BP 599 EP 606 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2008.00905.x PG 8 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 516DI UT WOS:000271521500002 PM 18657195 ER PT J AU Kim, J Kim, N Hwang, S Hori, Y Kim, H AF Kim, J. Kim, N. Hwang, S. Hori, Y. Kim, H. TI MOTOR CONTROL OF INPUT-SPLIT HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hybrid electric vehicle; Input split; Independent motor control; Simulator ID TRANSMISSION AB A motor control strategy for an input-split hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is proposed. From a power characteristic analysis, it is found that the powertrain efficiency decreases for speed ratios at which power circulation occurs. Using dynamic models of an input-split HEV powertrain, a motor-generator control algorithm for obtaining high system efficiency is designed by inversion-based control. The performance of the control algorithm is evaluated by the simulator which is developed based on PSAT, and simulation results are compared with the test results. It is found that, even if the engine thermal efficiency is sacrificed by moving the engine operation point from the OOL for the control strategy, improved overall powertrain system efficiency can be achieved by the engine operation that gives a relatively high efficiency from the viewpoint of the overall powertrain efficiency. The control algorithm developed can be used in design of future electric vehicles. C1 [Kim, J.; Hwang, S.; Kim, H.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Gyeonggi 440746, South Korea. [Kim, N.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hori, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Elect Engn, Tokyo 1138654, Japan. RP Kim, H (reprint author), Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Gyeonggi 440746, South Korea. EM hskim@me.skku.ac.kr OI Hwang, Sung-Ho/0000-0003-3665-2564 FU Korean Government [1300057] FX This work was supported by Korea Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (1300057). NR 13 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 12 PU KOREAN SOC AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS PI SEOUL PA TEHERAN OFFICE BLDG #809, 707-38 YEOKSAM-DONG, GANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 135-080, SOUTH KOREA SN 1229-9138 J9 INT J AUTOMOT TECHN JI Int. J. Automot. Technol. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 10 IS 6 BP 733 EP 742 DI 10.1007/s12239-009-0086-1 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 527EF UT WOS:000272348900011 ER PT J AU Naksinehaboon, N Paun, M Nassar, R Leangsuksun, B Scott, S AF Naksinehaboon, N. Paun, M. Nassar, R. Leangsuksun, B. Scott, S. TI High Performance Computing Systems with Various Checkpointing Schemes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS COMMUNICATIONS & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Large-scale distributed system; reliability; fault-tolerance; checkpoint/restart model; HPC ID INTERVAL; PLACEMENT AB Finding the failure rate of a system is a crucial step in high performance computing systems analysis. To deal with this problem, a fault tolerant mechanism, called checkpoint/restart technique, was introduced. However, there are additional costs to perform this mechanism. Thus, we propose two models for different schemes (full and incremental checkpoint schemes). The models which are based on the reliability of the system are used to determine the checkpoint placements. Both proposed models consider a balance of between checkpoint overhead and the re-computing time. Due to the extra costs from each incremental checkpoint during the recovery period, a method to find the number of incremental checkpoints between two consecutive full checkpoints is given. Our simulation suggests that in most cases our incremental checkpoint model can reduce the waste time more than it is reduced by the full checkpoint model. The waste times produced by both models are in the range Of 2% to 28% of the application completion time depending on the checkpoint overheads. C1 [Naksinehaboon, N.; Leangsuksun, B.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. [Paun, M.; Nassar, R.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. [Paun, M.] Spiru Haret Univ, Finance & Banks Fac, Bucharest, Romania. [Scott, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Naksinehaboon, N (reprint author), Louisiana Tech Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. EM n.nichamon@gmail.com; mpaun@latech.edu; ran1@suddenlink.net; box@latech.edu; scottsl@ornl.gov RI Paun, Mihaela/C-3539-2011 OI Paun, Mihaela/0000-0002-3342-9140 FU NSF [0834483]; DOE [DE-FG02-08ER25836]; National Plan II of Romania FX Work supported in part by the NSF grant no. 0834483, DOE grant no. DE-FG02-08ER25836 and the National Plan II of Romania RP5 grant. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU CCC PUBL-AGORA UNIV PI BIHOR PA PIATA TINERETULUI 8, ORADEA, JUD, BIHOR, 410526, ROMANIA SN 1841-9836 J9 INT J COMPUT COMMUN JI Int. J. Comput. Commun. Control PD DEC PY 2009 VL 4 IS 4 BP 386 EP 400 PG 15 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Information Systems SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA 507IC UT WOS:000270844700007 ER PT J AU Dooley, JJ Dahowski, RT Davidson, CL AF Dooley, James J. Dahowski, Robert T. Davidson, Casie L. TI The potential for increased atmospheric CO2 emissions and accelerated consumption of deep geologic CO2 storage resources resulting from the large-scale deployment of a CCS-enabled unconventional fossil fuels industry in the US SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Carbon dioxide capture and storage; Coal-to-liquids; Oil shale; Climate change; United States; Unconventional fossil fuels production AB Desires to enhance the energy security of the United States have spurred renewed interest in the development of abundant domestic heavy hydrocarbon resources including oil shale and coal to produce unconventional liquid fuels to supplement conventional oil supplies. However, the production processes for these unconventional fossil fuels create large quantities of carbon dioxide (CO2) and this remains one of the key arguments against such development. Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies could reduce these emissions and preliminary analysis of regional CO2 storage capacity in locations where such facilities might be sited within the U.S. indicates that there appears to be sufficient storage capacity, primarily in deep saline formations, to accommodate the CO2 from these industries. Nevertheless, even assuming wide-scale availability of cost-effective CO2 capture and geologic storage resources, the emergence of a domestic U.S. oil shale or coal-to-liquids (CTL) industry would be responsible for significant increases in CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. The authors present modeling results of two future hypothetical climate policy scenarios that indicate that the oil shale production facilities required to produce 3 MMB/d from the Eocene Green River Formation of the western U.S. using an in situ retorting process would result in net emissions to the atmosphere of between 3000 and 7000 MtCO(2), in addition to storing potentially 900-5000 MtCO(2) in regional deep geologic formations via CCS in the period up to 2050. A similarly sized, but geographically more dispersed domestic CTL industry could result in 4000-5000 MtCO(2) emitted to the atmosphere in addition to potentially 21,00022,000 MtCO(2) stored in regional deep geologic formations over the same period. While this analysis shows that there is likely adequate CO2 storage capacity in the regions where these technologies are likely to deploy, the reliance by these industries on large-scale CCS could result in an accelerated rate of utilization of the nation's CO2 storage resource, leaving less high-quality storage capacity for other carbon-producing industries including electric power generation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Dooley, James J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Dahowski, Robert T.; Davidson, Casie L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dooley, JJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 5825 Univ Res Court,Suite 3500, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM jj.dooley@pnl.gov OI Dooley, James/0000-0002-2824-4344 NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1750-5836 J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 IS 6 BP 720 EP 730 DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2009.08.004 PG 11 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 527NE UT WOS:000272373000006 ER PT J AU Strazisar, BR Wells, AW Diehl, JR Hammack, RW Veloski, GA AF Strazisar, Brian R. Wells, Arthur W. Diehl, J. Rodney Hammack, Richard W. Veloski, Garret A. TI Near-surface monitoring for the ZERT shallow CO2 injection project SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Carbon sequestration; ZERT; Soil-gas monitoring ID SEQUESTRATION AB As part of a collaborative effort operated by the Zero Emission Research and Technology Center (ZERT), a series of two shallow releases of CO2 Was performed at a test site in Bozeman, MT. The purpose of the experiment was to simulate possible leakage scenarios from a carbon capture and storage operation in order to further develop and verify monitoring technologies used to characterize and quantify the release of CO2. The project included collaboration with several research groups and organizations. Presented here are the results of soil-gas monitoring conducted by researchers from the National Energy Technology Laboratory, including CO2 flux measurement, soil-gas analysis, perfluorocarbon tracer monitoring, and soil resistivity measurements. Together, these methods proved to be effective in detecting and characterizing leakage in the near-surface. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Strazisar, Brian R.; Wells, Arthur W.; Diehl, J. Rodney; Hammack, Richard W.; Veloski, Garret A.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Strazisar, BR (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM Brian.Strazisar@netl.doe.gov NR 8 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1750-5836 J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 IS 6 BP 736 EP 744 DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2009.07.005 PG 9 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 527NE UT WOS:000272373000008 ER PT J AU Birkholzer, JT Zhou, QL AF Birkholzer, Jens T. Zhou, Quanlin TI Basin-scale hydrogeologic impacts of CO2 storage: Capacity and regulatory implications SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL LA English DT Article DE CO2 storage; Saline formations; Basin-scale; Pressure buildup ID DEEP SALINE AQUIFERS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; GEOLOGICAL SEQUESTRATION; SYSTEM MODEL; DISPOSAL; RESERVOIRS; PRESSURE; TEXAS; SITE; US AB Industrial-scale injection of CO2 into saline formations in sedimentary basins will cause large-scale fluid pressurization and migration of native brines, which may affect valuable groundwater resources overlying the deep sequestration aquifers. In this paper, we discuss how such basin-scale hydrogeologic impacts (I) may reduce current storage capacity estimates, and (2) can affect regulation of CO2 storage projects. Our assessment arises from a hypothetical future carbon sequestration scenario in the Illinois Basin, which involves twenty individual CO2 Storage projects (sites) in a core injection area most suitable for long-term storage. Each project is assumed to inject five million tonnes of CO2 per year for 50 years. A regional-scale three-dimensional simulation model was developed for the Illinois Basin that captures both the local-scale CO2-brine flow processes and the large-scale groundwater flow patterns in response to CO2 storage. The far-field pressure buildup predicted for this selected sequestration scenario support recent studies in that environmental concerns related to near- and far-field pressure buildup may be a limiting factor on CO2 storage capacity. In other words, estimates of storage capacity, if solely based on the effective pore volume available for safe trapping of CO2, may have to be revised based on assessments of pressure perturbations and their potential impacts on caprock integrity and groundwater resources. Our results suggest that (1) the area that needs to be characterized in a permitting process may comprise a very large region within the basin if reservoir pressurization is considered, and (2) permits cannot be granted on a single-site basis alone because the near- and far-field hydrogeologic response may be affected by interference between individual storage sites. We also discuss some of the challenges in making reliable predictions of large-scale hydrogeologic impacts related to CO2 sequestration projects. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Birkholzer, Jens T.; Zhou, Quanlin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Birkholzer, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jtbirkholzer@lbl.gov RI Zhou, Quanlin/B-2455-2009; Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011 OI Zhou, Quanlin/0000-0001-6780-7536; Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912 FU Office of Sequestration, Hydrogen, and Clean Coal Fuels; National Energy Technology Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC0205CH11231] FX The authors wish to thank Curtis Oldenburg of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for a careful review of the manuscript and the suggestion of improvements. Thanks are also due to Edward Mehnert, Hannes Leetaru, and other colleagues at the Illinois State Geological Survey for their substantial contributions in developing the Illinois Basin model. This work was funded by the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Office of Sequestration, Hydrogen, and Clean Coal Fuels, National Energy Technology Laboratory, of the U.S. Department of Energy, and by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC0205CH11231. NR 41 TC 112 Z9 115 U1 2 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1750-5836 J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 IS 6 BP 745 EP 756 DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2009.07.002 PG 12 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 527NE UT WOS:000272373000009 ER PT J AU Salazar-Villalpando, MD Reyes, B AF Salazar-Villalpando, Maria D. Reyes, Bryan TI Hydrogen production over Ni/ceria-supported catalysts by partial oxidation of methane SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Partial oxidation of methane; Redox treatment; Nickel; Ceria; Temperature programmed oxidation ID SURFACE-AREA CATALYSTS; CEO2-ZRO2 MIXED OXIDES; OXYGEN STORAGE; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; IONIC-CONDUCTIVITY; REDOX TREATMENTS; METAL-SUPPORT; SYNTHESIS GAS; NI CATALYSTS; BEHAVIOR AB The catalytic performance of Ni dispersed on ceria-doped supports, (Ce(0.88)La(0.12)) O(2-x), (Ce(0.91)Gd(0.09)) O(2-x), (Ce(0.71)Gd(0.29)) O(2-x), (Ce(0.56)Zr(0.44)) O(2-x) and pure ceria, was tested for the catalytic partial oxidation of Methane (CPOX). The catalysts were characterized by Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and temperature programmed oxidation (TPO). Ni/ (Ce(0.56)Zr(0.44)) O(2-x) showed higher Hydrogen production than the Ni/Gadolinium-doped catalysts, which may be due to its higher reducibility and surface area. By enhancing the support reducibility in Ni/doped-ceria catalysts, their catalytic activity is promoted because the availability of surface lattice oxygen is increased, which can participate in the formation of CO and H(2). It was also found that Ni/(Ce(0.56)Zr(0.44)) O(2-x) showed higher catalytic performance after redox pretreatments. Similarly, a higher amount of H2 or 02 was consumed during hydrogenation and oxidation pretreatments, respectively. This may be correlated to re-dispersion of metallic particles and changes on the metal-support interface. In addition, it was observed that the ionic conductivity of Ni/(Ce(0.56)Zr(0.44)) O(2-x) had an effect on the amount of carbon formed during the CPOX reaction at oxygen concentrations lower than the stoichiometric required, O/C ratios lower than 0.6. Its high oxygen mobility may have accelerated the surface oxidation reactions of carbon by reactive oxygen species, thus, inhibiting carbon growth on the catalyst surface. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. C1 [Salazar-Villalpando, Maria D.; Reyes, Bryan] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Salazar-Villalpando, MD (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM maria.salazar@netl.doe.gov NR 31 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD DEC PY 2009 VL 34 IS 24 BP 9723 EP 9729 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.10.019 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 533WP UT WOS:000272856400010 ER PT J AU Weisberg, AH Aceves, SM Espinosa-Loza, F Ledesma-Orozco, E Myers, B AF Weisberg, Andrew H. Aceves, Salvador M. Espinosa-Loza, Francisco Ledesma-Orozco, Elias Myers, Blake TI Delivery of cold hydrogen in glass fiber composite pressure vessels SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Hydrogen delivery; Cryogenic; High pressure; Glass fiber ID STORAGE; COST AB We are proposing to minimize hydrogen delivery cost through utilization of glass fiber tube trailers at 200 K and 70 MPa to produce a synergistic combination of container characteristics with properties of hydrogen gas: (1) hydrogen cooled to 200 K is similar to 35% more compact for a small increase in theoretical storage energy (exergy); and (2) these cold temperatures (200 K) strengthen glass fibers by as much as 50%, expanding trailer capacity without the use of much more costly carbon fiber composite vessels. Analyses based on US Department of Energy H2A cost and efficiency parameters and economic methodology indicate the potential for hydrogen delivery costs below $1/kg H(2). Dispensing cold hydrogen may also allow rapid refueling without over-temperatures and overpressures which are typically as high as 25%, simplifying automotive vessel design and improving safety while potentially reducing vessel weight and cost. Based on these results, we suggest hydrogen delivery by truck with trailers carrying hydrogen gas at pressures as high as 70 MPa, cooled to approximately 200 K in glass fiber vessels. (C) 2009 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Weisberg, Andrew H.; Aceves, Salvador M.; Espinosa-Loza, Francisco; Ledesma-Orozco, Elias; Myers, Blake] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Aceves, SM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-792, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM saceves@llnl.gov RI aceves, salvador/G-9052-2011 OI aceves, salvador/0000-0001-5687-7256 FU US Department of Energy; Office of Fuel Cell Technologies; Hydrogen Delivery; Monterey Gardiner and Richard Farmer; Technology Development Managers; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This project was funded by The US Department of Energy, Office of Fuel Cell Technologies, Hydrogen Delivery Program, Monterey Gardiner and Richard Farmer, Technology Development Managers. This work is performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD DEC PY 2009 VL 34 IS 24 BP 9773 EP 9780 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.09.051 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 533WP UT WOS:000272856400017 ER PT J AU Chen, BH Chuang, CH Ahluwalia, RK Chang, ML AF Chen, Bin-Hao Chuang, Chin-Ho Ahluwalia, Rajesh K. Chang, Mu-Li TI Numerical simulation of hydrogen atom transport in thick nickel membrane using semi-empirical quantum model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Hydrogen storage; Hydrogen atom transport; Diffusion in solids; Molecular dynamics ID SURFACE-DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS; METALS; DEUTERIUM; NI(100); NIOBIUM AB The transport characteristics of hydrogen atoms are of significant interest within the energy industry. in this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on a semi-empirical quantum model are performed to examine the diffusion of hydrogen in a dense nickel membrane. The mean square displacement (MSD) and diffusion coefficients of the nickel and hydrogen atoms are derived at various temperatures in the range of 300-1800 K. The numerical results reveal the changes which take place in the transportation mechanism of the hydrogen atoms as a result of a temperature-induced variation in the lattice structure. It is shown that the transport of the hydrogen atoms changes from an interstitial diffusion mechanism at temperatures lower than 1200 K to a vacancy diffusion mechanism at temperatures of 1600-1800 K as result of a change in the nickel lattice from an ordered FCC structure to an amorphous-type structure. (C) 2009 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Bin-Hao; Chang, Mu-Li] Ind Technol Res Inst, Energy & Environm Labs, Liujia Shiang 734, Tainan County, Taiwan. [Chuang, Chin-Ho] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Ahluwalia, Rajesh K.] Argonne Natl Labs, Dept Nucl Engn, Argonne, IL USA. RP Chen, BH (reprint author), Ind Technol Res Inst, Energy & Environm Labs, C600,Rm 511,8 Gongyan Rd, Liujia Shiang 734, Tainan County, Taiwan. EM bhchen@itri.org.tw FU Bureau of Energy, Taiwan, ROC [98-D0211] FX The authors wish to thank the financial support provided to this study by the Bureau of Energy, Taiwan, ROC, under Contract No. 98-D0211 is gratefully acknowledge. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD DEC PY 2009 VL 34 IS 24 BP 9824 EP 9831 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.10.023 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 533WP UT WOS:000272856400023 ER PT J AU Massoudi, M Phuo, TX AF Massoudi, Mehrdad Phuo, Tran X. TI Unsteady motion of a non-linear viscoelastic fluid SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NON-LINEAR MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Continuum mechanics; Generalized second grade fluids; Unsteady flows; Drag reduction; Torsional and longitudinal oscillations; Cylinder ID NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID; TORSIONAL OSCILLATIONS; UNIDIRECTIONAL FLOWS; 2ND-GRADE FLUID; VARIABLE VISCOSITY; SUDDEN APPLICATION; PRESSURE-GRADIENT; IMPULSIVE MOTION; 3RD-GRADE FLUID; ROD AB In this paper, we study the unsteady flow of a generalized second grade fluid. Specifically, we solve numerically the linear momentum equations for the flow of this viscoelastic shear-thinning (shear-thickening) fluid surrounding a solid cylindrical rod that is suddenly set into longitudinal and torsional motion. The equations are made dimensionless. The results are presented for the shear stresses at the wall, related to the drag force; these are physical quantities of interest, especially in oil-drilling applications. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Massoudi, Mehrdad; Phuo, Tran X.] US DOE, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Massoudi, M (reprint author), US DOE, NETL, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM MASSOUDI@NETL.DOE.GOV NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7462 J9 INT J NONLIN MECH JI Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 44 IS 10 BP 1063 EP 1072 DI 10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2009.08.005 PG 10 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 518RW UT WOS:000271711800007 ER PT J AU Gidofalvi, G Shepard, R AF Gidofalvi, Gergely Shepard, Ron TI The Evaluation of Spin-Density Matrices Within the Graphically Contracted Function Method SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th Annual Sanibel Symposium CY FEB 26-MAR 03, 2009 CL St Simons Isl, GA SP Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project DE spin-density; graphically contracted function (GCF); graphical unitary group approach (GUGA) ID UNITARY-GROUP APPROACH; WAVE-FUNCTIONS AB An efficient algorithm is presented to compute spin-density matrices from wave functions expanded in a basis of graphically contracted functions (GCF). The GCFs are based on the graphical unitary group approach (GUGA), which is a "spin-free" formulation of the electronic wave function. The spin-density matrix elements are computed from one-particle and two-particle charge-density matrix elements. The recursive algorithm allows the spin-density matrix to be computed with O(N(GCF)(2)omega n(2)) total effort where N(GCF) is the dimension of the GCF basis and n is the dimension of the orbital basis. The scale factor a) depends on the number of electrons N and ranges from O(N(0)) to O(N(2)) depending on the complexity of the underlying Shavitt graph. Because the "spin-free" GCF formulation eliminates the need to expand the wave function in a spin-dependent Slater determinant basis, it is possible to treat wave functions with large numbers of electrons and orbitals. Timings are given for wave functions that correspond to determinantal expansions over 10(200) in length. The implementation is applicable to arbitrary spin states and to both ground and excited electronic states. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 109: 3552-3563, 2009 C1 [Gidofalvi, Gergely; Shepard, Ron] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shepard, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shepard@tcg.anl.gov NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 109 IS 15 BP 3552 EP 3563 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 514OP UT WOS:000271404600006 ER PT J AU Boettger, JC AF Boettger, Jonathan C. TI Theoretical Zero-Temperature Isotherm and Structural Phase Stability of Thorium Dioxide SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th Annual Sanibel Symposium CY FEB 26-MAR 03, 2009 CL St Simons Isl, GA SP Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project DE actinide oxide; equation of state; phase stability; electronic structure; density functional theory ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; OXIDE SURFACES; SOLIDS; BERYLLIUM; TRANSFORMATION; MONOLAYERS AB The static-lattice equation of state (EOS) and structural phase stability of Thorium Dioxide (ThO2) have been investigated for pressures up to 500 kbar using the relativistic linear combinations of Gaussian type orbitals-fitting function (LCGTO-FF) technique, within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to density functional theory (DFT). Two observed room temperature crystal structures for ThO2 have been considered here, the ambient fluorite structure and the high-pressure cotunnite structure. The EOS parameters calculated for the fluorite structure and the external cell parameters found for the cotunnite structure are consistent with experiment to within the known limitations of the GGA model. The internal lattice parameters obtained for the cotunnite phase differ greatly from the experimental values reported in the literature. There is strong theoretical evidence that the measured values of the internal parameters are in error. The predicted transition pressure (275 kbar) is in reasonable agreement with the measured value of 330 kbar, given the likelihood of strong metastability in this oxide. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 109: 3564-3569, 2009 C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Grp X 1 SMMP, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Boettger, JC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Grp X 1 SMMP, Mail Stop F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jn@lanl.gov NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0020-7608 EI 1097-461X J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 109 IS 15 SI SI BP 3564 EP 3569 DI 10.1002/qua.22376 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 514OP UT WOS:000271404600007 ER PT J AU Li, JW Jayasekera, T Meunier, V Mintmire, JW AF Li, Junwen Jayasekera, Thushari Meunier, Vincent Mintmire, John W. TI Electronic Transport of Silicon Nanowires With Surface SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th Annual Sanibel Symposium CY FEB 26-MAR 03, 2009 CL St Simons Isl, GA SP Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project DE nanowire; electron transport; band structure; silicon; defect ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; VALENCE BASIS-SETS; BAND-GAP; CONFORMATION; PERFORMANCE; ELEMENTS AB We report first-principle results for the electronic transport properties of silicon nanowires along the (110) direction with hydroxyl surface defects. The Hamiltonian and overlap matrices of the system are obtained using an all-electron, Gaussian-basis, local-density functional approach adapted for helical symmetry and the transport calculation makes use of the Landauer approach. We show that the hydroxyl defects can greatly reduce the conductance of hydrogen-passivated Si nanowires and can be used to tune the conductance of the silicon nanowires. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 109: 3705-3710, 2009 C1 [Li, Junwen; Jayasekera, Thushari; Mintmire, John W.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Meunier, Vincent] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mintmire, JW (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM john.mintmire@okstate.edu RI Jayasekera, Thushari /A-3626-2011; Li, Junwen/H-6061-2011; Meunier, Vincent/F-9391-2010; Li, Junwen/C-9032-2015 OI Meunier, Vincent/0000-0002-7013-179X; NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0020-7608 EI 1097-461X J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 109 IS 15 SI SI BP 3705 EP 3710 DI 10.1002/qua.22342 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 514OP UT WOS:000271404600023 ER PT J AU Crowley, MF Williamson, MJ Walker, RC AF Crowley, Michael F. Williamson, Mark J. Walker, Ross C. TI CHAMBER: Comprehensive Support for CHARMM Force Fields Within the AMBER Software SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th Annual Sanibel Symposium CY FEB 26-MAR 03, 2009 CL St Simons Isl, GA SP Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project DE CHARMM; AMBER; converter; PSF; PRMTOP; SANDER; PMEMD ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; SIMULATIONS; BACKBONE; PROTEINS AB The similarity of the AMBER force field's energy functional form with that of the CHARMM force field, gives the potential for direct translation of common bonding and nonbonding terms, along with their parameters, present in CHARMM topology and parameter files, with the intent of evaluation within the AMBER software; specifically the SANDER and PMEMD dynamics engines. To this extent, we have created a tool, CHAMBER, which can take a CHARMM protein structure file (PSF), coordinate file (COR) and associated forcefield files, and convert these to an AMBER topology file (prmtop) and associated coordinate file (inpcrd). CHAMBER opens a conversion route which enables the simulation of CHARMM parameterized models using AMBER's PMEMD engine; thus providing improved serial efficiency as well as parallel efficiency over large numbers of CPUs. Significant effort has been expended in ensuring a true representation of the CHARMM force field in AMBER providing energies and forces that are the same to the limits of machine precision. This software will be released in the upcoming version 1.3 of the free AMBERTools suite. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 109: 3767-3772, 2009 C1 [Williamson, Mark J.; Walker, Ross C.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Supercomp Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Crowley, Michael F.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Walker, RC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Supercomp Ctr, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM ross@rosswalker.co.uk RI crowley, michael/A-4852-2013 OI crowley, michael/0000-0001-5163-9398 NR 14 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 109 IS 15 BP 3767 EP 3772 DI 10.1002/qua.22372 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 514OP UT WOS:000271404600027 ER PT J AU Berman, GP Nesterov, AI AF Berman, Gennady P. Nesterov, Alexander I. TI NON-HERMITIAN ADIABATIC QUANTUM OPTIMIZATION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE Critical points; ground state; quantum theory; adiabatic quantum computation; quantum annealing ID DISSIPATIVE SYSTEMS; PHASE; CONTINUUM; EVOLUTION; POINTS; MODEL AB We propose a novel non-Hermitian adiabatic quantum optimization algorithm. One of the new ideas is to use a non-Hermitian auxiliary "initial" Hamiltonian that provides an effective level repulsion for the main Hamiltonian. This effect enables us to develop an adiabatic theory which determines ground state much more efficiently than Hermitian methods. C1 [Berman, Gennady P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Nesterov, Alexander I.] Univ Guadalajara, Dept Fis, CUCEI, Guadalajara 44420, Jalisco, Mexico. RP Berman, GP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B213, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM gpb@lanl.gov; nesterov@cencar.udg.mx OI Nesterov, Alexander/0000-0002-4801-4570 FU U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396, SEP-PROMEP 103.5/04/1911]; IARPA FX This work was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396, and research grant SEP-PROMEP 103.5/04/1911. The work by G. P. Berman was partly supported by the IARPA. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0219-7499 J9 INT J QUANTUM INF JI Int. J. Quantum Inf. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 7 IS 8 BP 1469 EP 1478 DI 10.1142/S0219749909005961 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 541OU UT WOS:000273426500005 ER PT J AU Hatayama, M Takenaka, H Gullikson, EM Suda, A Midorikawa, K AF Hatayama, Masatoshi Takenaka, Hisataka Gullikson, Eric M. Suda, Akira Midorikawa, Katsumi TI High-Transmittance Free-Standing Aluminum Extreme Ultraviolet Filter SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ATTOSECOND PULSES; MULTILAYER; MIRRORS; DESIGN AB We have designed and fabricated a high-transmittance, extremely flat, free-standing extreme ultraviolet (EUV) filter for the wavelength region between 17-50 nm. The Al thin-film filter, which is coated with a SiC film to increase its oxidation tolerance, has a transmittance of 29% at 30 nm. This value is approximately 5 times higher than that of an uncoated filter fabricated using a conventional method. (C) 2009 The Japan Society of Applied Physics C1 [Hatayama, Masatoshi; Midorikawa, Katsumi] Saitama Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Hatayama, Masatoshi; Takenaka, Hisataka] NTT AT Nanofabricat Cooperat, Atsugi, Kanagawa 2430018, Japan. [Gullikson, Eric M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Suda, Akira; Midorikawa, Katsumi] RIKEN, Adv Sci Inst, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RP Hatayama, M (reprint author), Saitama Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Saitama 3388570, Japan. RI Midorikawa, Katsumi/B-6335-2015; Suda, Akira/P-8994-2015 OI Midorikawa, Katsumi/0000-0002-0588-519X; Suda, Akira/0000-0002-0165-8539 NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS PI TOKYO PA KUDAN-KITA BUILDING 5TH FLOOR, 1-12-3 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 48 IS 12 AR 122202 DI 10.1143/JJAP.48.122202 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 541JC UT WOS:000273410100048 ER PT J AU Bieler, TR Barabash, R Banovic, SW AF Bieler, T. R. Barabash, R. Banovic, S. W. TI Structural Transitions and Local Deformation Processes at and Near Grain Boundaries SO JOM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Bieler, T. R.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Barabash, R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Bieler, TR (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD DEC PY 2009 VL 61 IS 12 BP 37 EP 37 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 529NR UT WOS:000272524900007 ER PT J AU Bieler, TR Crimp, MA Yang, Y Wang, L Eisenlohr, P Mason, DE Liu, W Ice, GE AF Bieler, T. R. Crimp, M. A. Yang, Y. Wang, L. Eisenlohr, P. Mason, D. E. Liu, W. Ice, G. E. TI Strain Heterogeneity and Damage Nucleation at Grain Boundaries during Monotonic Deformation in Commercial Purity Titanium SO JOM LA English DT Article ID LATTICE MISORIENTATIONS; POLYCRYSTALS; PLASTICITY; DISLOCATIONS; MICROSCOPY; ALLOYS; SIMULATIONS; TI-6AL-4V; SINGLE; MODEL AB Heterogeneous strain was analyzed in polycrystalline, commercial-purity titanium using many experimental techniques that provide information about microstructure, dislocation arrangement, grain orientation, orientation gradients, surface topography. and local strain gradients. The recrystallized microstructure with 50-200 mu m grains was extensively characterized before and after deformation using 4-point bending to strains between 2% and 15%. Extremely heterogeneous deformation occurred along some grain boundaries, leading to orientation gradients exceeding 10 degrees over 10-20 mu m. Patches of highly characterized microstructure were modeled using crystal plasticity element (CPFE) analysis to simulate the de,formation to evaluate the ability of the CPFE model to capture local deformation processes. Damage nucleation events were identified that are associated with livin interactions with grain boundaries. Progress toward identifying fracture initiation criteria based upon slip and twin interactions with grain boundaries is illustrated with related CPFE simulations of deformation in a TiAl alloy. C1 [Bieler, T. R.; Crimp, M. A.; Yang, Y.; Wang, L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Eisenlohr, P.] Max Planck Inst Eisenforsch GmbH, D-4000 Dusseldorf, Germany. [Mason, D. E.] Albion Coll, Albion, MI 49224 USA. [Liu, W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ice, G. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Bieler, TR (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM bieler@egr.msu.edu RI Eisenlohr, Philip/E-6866-2010; Yang, Yiyi/B-7298-2013 OI Eisenlohr, Philip/0000-0002-8220-5995; FU Materials World Network [NSF DMR-0710570, DFG El 681/2-1]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F49620-01-1-0116]; U.S. Department of Energy, office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This research is supported by a Materials World Network grant (NSF DMR-0710570 and DFG El 681/2-1). The TiAl work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research contract # F49620-01-1-0116, and by the Michigan State University Composite Materials and Structures Center Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank R. Barabash for helpful insights. NR 28 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD DEC PY 2009 VL 61 IS 12 BP 45 EP 52 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 529NR UT WOS:000272524900009 ER PT J AU Huang, EW Barabash, RI Ice, GE Liu, WJ Liu, YL Kai, JJ Liaw, PK AF Huang, E-Wen Barabash, Rozaliya I. Ice, Gene E. Liu, Wenjun Liu, Yee-Lang Kai, Ji-Jung Liaw, Peter K. TI Cyclic-loading-induced Accumulation of Geometrically Necessary Dislocations Near Grain Boundaries in an Ni-based Superalloy SO JOM LA English DT Article ID FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; DIFFRACTION; ALLOY; MICRODIFFRACTION; ORIENTATION; CRYSTALS; CELL AB In this study, the fatigue-induced microstructure produced in a nickel-based poly;crystalline superalloy that was subjected to cyclic loading was characterized by polychromatic x-ray microdiffraction (PXM) together with in-situ neutron diffraction and transmission-electron microscopy (TEM). In-situ neutron-diffraction measurements reveal two distinct stages of the fatigue damage: cyclic hardening followed by cyclic softening. Three-dimensional spatially resolved PXM micro-Laue measurements-find an increase in the density, of geometrically necessary dislocations near the grain boundaries, which is accompanied by lattice rotations and grain subdivisions. The PXM results are in agreement with the in-situ neutron-diffraction and TEM results. C1 [Huang, E-Wen; Liaw, Peter K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Barabash, Rozaliya I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Liu, Wenjun] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kai, Ji-Jung] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Engn & Syst Sci, Hsinchu, Taiwan. RP Huang, EW (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM barabashr@ornl.gov RI Huang, E-Wen/A-5717-2015; OI Huang, E-Wen/0000-0003-4986-0661; KAI, Ji-jung/0000-0001-7848-8753 NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD DEC PY 2009 VL 61 IS 12 BP 53 EP 58 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 529NR UT WOS:000272524900010 ER PT J AU McNamara, LA AF McNamara, Laura A. TI Consequential Damages of Nuclear War: The Rongelap Report SO JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Book Review C1 [McNamara, Laura A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McNamara, LA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV NEW MEXICO PI ALBUQUERQUE PA DEPT ANTHROPOLOGY, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131-1561 USA SN 0091-7710 J9 J ANTHROPOL RES JI J. Anthropol. Res. PD WIN PY 2009 VL 65 IS 4 BP 685 EP 686 PG 2 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA 534JS UT WOS:000272893000036 ER PT J AU Toby, BH Huang, Y Dohan, D Carroll, D Jiao, XS Ribaud, L Doebbler, JA Suchomel, MR Wang, J Preissner, C Kline, D Mooney, TM AF Toby, Brian H. Huang, Yu Dohan, Don Carroll, David Jiao, Xuesong Ribaud, Lynn Doebbler, Jennifer A. Suchomel, Matthew R. Wang, Jun Preissner, Curt Kline, David Mooney, Tim M. TI Management of metadata and automation for mail-in measurements with the APS 11-BM high-throughput, high-resolution synchrotron powder diffractometer SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID DATA-COLLECTION; SYSTEM; DIFFRACTION; BEAMLINES; SPRING-8; DESIGN; ROBOT AB A high-resolution and high-throughput synchrotron powder diffractometer has been automated for use with samples that are mailed in by Advanced Photon Source users. Implementation of a relational database with web interfaces for both outside users and beamline staff, which is integrated into the facility-wide proposal and safety system, allows all aspects of beamline management to be integrated. This system permits users to request kits for mounting samples, to provide sample safety information, to obtain their collected data and to provide usage information upon project completion in a quick and simple manner. Beamline staff use a separate interface to note receipt of samples, schedule and collect diffraction data, post-process and quality-check data, and dispose of samples. The design of the software and database are discussed in detail. C1 [Toby, Brian H.; Huang, Yu; Carroll, David; Jiao, Xuesong; Ribaud, Lynn; Doebbler, Jennifer A.; Suchomel, Matthew R.; Preissner, Curt; Kline, David; Mooney, Tim M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Dohan, Don] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Carroll, David] Maplebrook Elementary Sch, Naperville, IL 60540 USA. [Carroll, David] Madison Jr High Sch, Naperville, IL 60540 USA. [Wang, Jun] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Toby, BH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM brian.toby@anl.gov RI Toby, Brian/F-3176-2013; OI Toby, Brian/0000-0001-8793-8285; SUCHOMEL, Matthew/0000-0002-9500-5079 NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 BP 990 EP 993 DI 10.1107/S0021889809035717 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 521CA UT WOS:000271895700002 ER PT J AU Honnicke, MG Cusatis, C AF Honnicke, Marcelo Goncalves Cusatis, Cesar TI Detection of the standing X-ray wavefield intensity inside a thin crystal using back-diffraction topography and imaging SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICAL DIFFRACTION; BRAGG CONDITION; SCATTERING; PROFILES; CURVE; BEAMS; ANGLE; LONG AB The standing X-ray wavefield into a single-crystal bulk is characterized by a combination of the diffracted-reflected h-beams and the diffracted-transmitted o-beam. For different angular positions on the total reflection region, the standing X-ray wavefield has its maximum from the region between the atomic planes (low photoelectric absorption) to the region on the atomic planes (high photoelectric absorption). Historically, the evidence for such a characteristic has come from experiments such as anomalous transmission (Borrmann effect, originally detected in Laue geometry) and fluorescent measurements with a single crystal under diffraction conditions. In the present work, such a characteristic is demonstrated by the direct measurement of the standing X-ray wavefield intensity into a 50 mu m-thick single-crystal CCD detector (Si 800) set in back-diffraction geometry. C1 [Honnicke, Marcelo Goncalves] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS II, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Cusatis, Cesar] UFPR, Dept Fis, BR-81531990 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. RP Honnicke, MG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS II, Bldg 703, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mhonnicke@bnl.gov RI Cusatis, Cesar/N-7559-2014; Honnicke, Marcelo/I-8624-2012 OI Cusatis, Cesar/0000-0002-1621-3727; FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC-02-98CD10886] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the LNLS/MCT for the beam time (under proposals D10A-XRD2-2234 and D10A-XRD2-2942), Guinther Kellermann (LNLS/MCT) for help with the experiment preparation and Xianrong Huang (NSLS II/BNL) for fruitful discussions. Part of this work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract No. DE-AC-02-98CD10886. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 BP 999 EP 1003 DI 10.1107/S0021889809040199 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 521CA UT WOS:000271895700004 ER PT J AU Ice, GE Pang, JWL Tulk, C Molaison, J Choi, JY Vaughn, C Lytle, L Takacs, PZ Andersen, KH Bigault, T Khounsary, A AF Ice, Gene E. Pang, Judy W. L. Tulk, Chris Molaison, Jamie Choi, Jae-Young Vaughn, Cody Lytle, Lauren Takacs, Peter Z. Andersen, Ken H. Bigault, Terry Khounsary, Ali TI Design challenges and performance of nested neutron mirrors for microfocusing on SNAP SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID MICRODIFFRACTION; OPTICS AB Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) neutron supermirrors can efficiently focus polychromatic neutron beams to micrometre dimensions. The ultimate size is determined mainly by the perfection of the mirrors and by the size of the beam needed to have sufficient experimental signal. Nested or Montel KB mirrors can collect similar to 2.6 times more beam than standard sequential KB optics, but require good figure perfection at the edge of one mirror. This paper describes the characterization of the figure errors over the important reflective portions of the two mirrors needed for a Montel focusing pair. The measurements are placed in context with theoretical predictions and are used to predict mirror focusing performance. Strategies to improve on the focusing of this class of optics are suggested and early results from these mirrors installed on the Spallation Neutrons at Pressure (SNAP) Beamline 3 at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge are presented. C1 [Ice, Gene E.; Pang, Judy W. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, MST Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Tulk, Chris; Molaison, Jamie] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Choi, Jae-Young] Pohang Inst Sci & Technol, Pohang Accelerator Lab, Pohang 790600, South Korea. [Vaughn, Cody; Lytle, Lauren] Univ Tennessee, Governors Acad, Knoxville, TN USA. [Takacs, Peter Z.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Andersen, Ken H.; Bigault, Terry] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. [Khounsary, Ali] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ice, GE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, MST Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM icege@ornl.gov RI Tulk, Chris/R-6088-2016 OI Tulk, Chris/0000-0003-3400-3878 FU UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; DOE, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; DOE, Nuclear and Particle Physics; DOE Division of Scientific Facilities; Institut Laue-Langevin, France; Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Republic of Korea FX This research was performed in part at the ILL, ESRF and SNS. The Spallation Neutron Source is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the US Department of Energy. GEI and JWLP are supported by the DOE, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. PZT is supported by the DOE, Nuclear and Particle Physics. CT and JM are supported by the DOE Division of Scientific Facilities. KHA and TB are supported by the Institut Laue-Langevin, France. JYC is supported by the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Republic of Korea. NR 12 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 BP 1004 EP 1008 DI 10.1107/S0021889809037595 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 521CA UT WOS:000271895700005 ER PT J AU Zheng, JC Wu, LJ Zhu, YM AF Zheng, Jin-Cheng Wu, Lijun Zhu, Yimei TI Aspherical electron scattering factors and their parameterizations for elements from H to Xe SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SLATER-TYPE FUNCTIONS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; CHARGE-DISTRIBUTIONS; FERROMAGNETIC IRON; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NEUTRAL ATOMS; RAY; EXPRESSIONS; DENSITY AB The formalism for, and the values of, aspherical electron scattering factors using relativistic wavefunctions are presented. The parameterizations of electron form factors valid for a full range of scattering vectors from 0.0 to 6.0 angstrom(-1) were obtained for atoms with atomic number 1 (H) to 54 (Xe) by fitting a linear combination of Gaussian functions. Eight Gaussians were needed to achieve high-quality fittings. The tabulated aspherical p- and d-orbital parameters are invaluable for probing orbital electrons and calculating high-resolution electron microscopy images and diffractions, especially those involving interfaces and defects. C1 [Zheng, Jin-Cheng] Xiamen Univ, Dept Phys, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Jin-Cheng] Xiamen Univ, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Jin-Cheng; Wu, Lijun; Zhu, Yimei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zheng, JC (reprint author), Xiamen Univ, Dept Phys, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. EM jczheng@xmu.edu.cn RI Zheng, JC/G-3383-2010 OI Zheng, JC/0000-0002-6292-3236 FU Xiamen University of China; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX J-CZ acknowledges support from the Minjiang Scholar Distinguished Professorship Program through Xiamen University of China. Work at Brookhaven National Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 BP 1043 EP 1053 DI 10.1107/S0021889809033147 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 521CA UT WOS:000271895700010 ER PT J AU Souza-Neto, NM Ramos, AY Tolentino, HCN Martins, A Santos, AD AF Souza-Neto, Narcizo M. Ramos, Aline Y. Tolentino, Helio C. N. Martins, Alessandro Santos, Antonio D. TI Depth-dependent local structures in thin films unraveled by grazing-incidence X-ray absorption spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID FINE-STRUCTURE; SCATTERING; REFLECTIVITY; FLUORESCENCE; MULTILAYERS; DIFFRACTION; TRANSFORMS; SURFACE; FEPT AB A method of using X-ray absorption spectroscopy together with resolved grazing-incidence geometry for depth profiling of atomic, electronic or chemical local structures in thin films is presented. The quantitative deconvolution of thickness-dependent spectral features is performed by fully considering both scattering and absorption formalisms. Surface oxidation and local structural depth profiles in nanometric FePt films are determined, exemplifying the application of the method. C1 [Souza-Neto, Narcizo M.; Ramos, Aline Y.; Tolentino, Helio C. N.] LNLS, BR-13084971 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Souza-Neto, Narcizo M.; Santos, Antonio D.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Dept Fis Mat & Mecan, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Ramos, Aline Y.; Tolentino, Helio C. N.] CNRS, Inst Neel, F-38042 Grenoble, France. [Ramos, Aline Y.; Tolentino, Helio C. N.] Univ Grenoble 1, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. [Martins, Alessandro] Univ Fed Goias, Goiania, Go, Brazil. RP Souza-Neto, NM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Souza-Neto, Narcizo/G-1303-2010; Ramos, Aline /H-6132-2011; Santos, Antonio/G-9692-2013; TOLENTINO, HELIO/J-1894-2014 OI Souza-Neto, Narcizo/0000-0002-7474-8017; Santos, Antonio/0000-0002-5074-0352; TOLENTINO, HELIO/0000-0003-4032-5988 FU LNLS/ABTLuS/MCT; CNPq; CAPES FX This work is partially supported by LNLS/ABTLuS/MCT. NMSN acknowledges grants from CNPq and CAPES. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 BP 1158 EP 1164 DI 10.1107/S0021889809042678 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 521CA UT WOS:000271895700023 ER PT J AU Rucker, DF Levitt, MT Greenwood, WJ AF Rucker, Dale F. Levitt, Marc T. Greenwood, William J. TI Three-dimensional electrical resistivity model of a nuclear waste disposal site SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Electrical resistivity; Hanford; Nitrate; Contaminant transport; Vadose zone; Geophysics; Waste disposal ID 3-D RESISTIVITY; HANFORD SITE; VADOSE ZONE; INVERSION; TOMOGRAPHY; RESOLUTION; TRANSPORT; SUBSURFACE; SURFACE; FIELD AB A three-dimensional (3D) modeling study was completed on a very large electrical resistivity survey conducted at a nuclear waste site in eastern Washington. The acquisition included 47 pole-pole two-dimensional (2D) resistivity profiles collected along parallel and orthogonal lines over an area of 850 m x 570 m. The data were geo-referenced and inverted using Earthlmager3D (EI3D). EI3D runs on a Microsoft 32-bit operating system (e.g. WIN-2K, XP) with a maximum usable memory of 2 GB. The memory limits the size of the domain for the inversion model to 200 m x 200 m, based on the survey electrode density. Therefore, a series of increasing overlapping models were run to evaluate the effectiveness of dividing the survey area into smaller subdomains. The results of the smaller subdomains were compared to the inversion results of a single domain over a larger area using an upgraded form of EI3D that incorporates multi-processing capabilities and 32 GB of RAM memory. The contours from the smaller subdomains showed discontinuity at the boundaries between the adjacent models, which do not match the hydrogeologic expectations given the nature of disposal at the site. At several boundaries, the contours of the low resistivity areas close, leaving the appearance of disconnected plumes or open contours at boundaries are not met with a continuance of the low resistivity plume into the adjacent subdomain. The model results of the single large domain show a continuous monolithic plume within the central and western portion of the site, directly beneath the elongated trenches. It is recommended that where possible, the domain not be subdivided, but instead include as much of the domain as possible given the memory of available computing resources. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rucker, Dale F.] Arcadis Inc, Tucson, AZ 85716 USA. [Levitt, Marc T.] hydroGEOPHYSICS Inc, Tucson, AZ 85745 USA. [Greenwood, William J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Rucker, DF (reprint author), Arcadis Inc, 3777 E Broadway Blvd,Suite 100, Tucson, AZ 85716 USA. EM druck8240@gmail.com; mlevitt@hgiworld.com; jason.greenwood@pnl.gov OI Rucker, Dale/0000-0002-8930-2747 FU CH2M Hill; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Department of Energy, Office of River Protection, Richland WA [DE-AC27-99RL14047] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of Mark Benecke of CH2M Hill and Mark Sweeney of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. This work was completed under Contract # DE-AC27-99RL14047 for the Department of Energy, Office of River Protection, Richland WA. NR 39 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-9851 EI 1879-1859 J9 J APPL GEOPHYS JI J. Appl. Geophys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 69 IS 3-4 BP 150 EP 164 DI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2009.09.001 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 535FE UT WOS:000272951800004 ER PT J AU Gregg, JS Losey, LM Andres, RJ Blasing, TJ Marland, G AF Gregg, J. S. Losey, L. M. Andres, R. J. Blasing, T. J. Marland, G. TI The Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Fossil-Fuel Use in North America SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CONSUMPTION AB Refinements in the spatial and temporal resolution of North American fossil-fuel carbon dioxide (CO(2)) emissions provide additional information about anthropogenic aspects of the carbon cycle. In North America, the seasonal and spatial patterns are a distinctive component to characterizing anthropogenic carbon emissions. The pattern of fossil-fuel-based CO(2) emissions on a monthly scale has greater temporal and spatial variability than the flux aggregated to the national annual level. For some areas, monthly emissions can vary by as much as 85% for some fuels when compared with monthly estimates based on a uniform temporal and spatial distribution. The United States accounts for the majority of North American fossil carbon emissions, and the amplitude of the seasonal flux in emissions in the United States is greater than the total mean monthly emissions in both Canada and Mexico. Nevertheless, Canada and Mexico have distinctive seasonal patterns as well. For the continent, emissions were aggregated on a 5 degrees x 10 degrees latitude-longitude grid. The monthly pattern of emissions varies on both a north-south and east-west gradient and evolves through the time period analyzed (1990-2007). For many areas in North America, the magnitude of the month-to-month variation is larger than the total annual emissions from land use change, making the characterization of emissions patterns essential to understanding humanity's influence on the carbon cycle. C1 [Gregg, J. S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Losey, L. M.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Space Studies, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Andres, R. J.; Blasing, T. J.; Marland, G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Carbon Dioxide Informat Anal Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Gregg, JS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM gregg.jay@gmail.com RI Gregg, Jay/C-6732-2011; Blasing, T/B-9498-2012; ANDRES, ROBERT/B-9786-2012; OI Gregg, Jay/0000-0003-3946-3099; ANDRES, ROBERT/0000-0001-8781-4979 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science; Climate Change Research Division; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725, DEFG02-03ER46030] FX This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program. This project was also supported by the Climate Change Research Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. A portion of this work was supported by U. S. Department of Energy Grant DEFG02-03ER46030. This paper is intended to supplement the analysis contained in the State of the Carbon Cycle Report (Marland et al. 2007) and to aid in the objectives of the North American Carbon Program. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 48 IS 12 BP 2528 EP 2542 DI 10.1175/2009JAMC2115.1 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 543YP UT WOS:000273618000007 ER PT J AU Yu, ET Zendejas, FJ Lane, PD Gaucher, S Simmons, BA Lane, TW AF Yu, Eizadora T. Zendejas, Frank J. Lane, Pamela D. Gaucher, Sara Simmons, Blake A. Lane, Todd W. TI Triacylglycerol accumulation and profiling in the model diatoms Thalassiosira pseudonana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Baccilariophyceae) during starvation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; Mass spectrometry; Nitrate; Silicate; Triacylglycerols ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FATTY-ACID; LIPID-COMPOSITION; MICROALGAE; ESTERS; BACILLARIOPHYCEAE; STEROLS; ECOLOGY; GENOME; GENES AB Although substantial economic barriers exist, marine diatoms such as Thalassiosira pseudonana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum hold promise as feedstock for biodiesel because of their ability to manufacture and store triacylglycerols (TAGs). The recent sequencing of these two marine diatom genomes by the United States Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute and the development of improved systems for genetic manipulation should allow a more systematic approach to understanding and maximizing TAG production. However, in order to best utilize these genomes and genetic tools, we must first gain a deeper understanding of the nutrient-mediated regulation of TAG anabolism. By determining both the yield and molecular species distribution of TAGs we will, in the future, be able to fully characterize the effects of genetic manipulation. Here, we lay the groundwork for understanding TAG production in T. pseudonana and P. tricornutum, as a function of nitrate and silicate depletion. Diatoms were starved of either nitrate or silicate, and TAGs were extracted with hexane from lyophilized samples taken at various time intervals following starvation. The timing of TAG production and the relative abundance of TAGs were estimated by fluorescence spectroscopy using Nile red and the total yield per biomass determined by gravimetric assay. TAGs were analyzed using thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to identify the major TAG species produced during the growth curve. Under our conditions, the TAG yield from T. pseudonana is about 14-18% of total dry weight. The TAG yield from P. tricornutum is about 14% of total dry weight. Silicate-starved T. pseudonana accumulated an average of 24% more TAGs than those starved for nitrate; however, the chemotypes of the TAGs produced were generally similar regardless of the starvation condition employed. C1 [Yu, Eizadora T.; Lane, Pamela D.; Gaucher, Sara; Lane, Todd W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biosyst Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Zendejas, Frank J.; Simmons, Blake A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Energy Syst Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lane, TW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biosyst Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM twlane@sandia.GOV RI Yu, Eizadora/A-8971-2011; OI Lane, Todd/0000-0002-5816-2649; Simmons, Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810 FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We would like to acknowledge Dr. Kenneth Sale for his careful reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories, which is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corp., a Lockheed Martin company, for the United States Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 33 TC 74 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 44 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8971 J9 J APPL PHYCOL JI J. Appl. Phycol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 21 IS 6 BP 669 EP 681 DI 10.1007/s10811-008-9400-y PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 519KW UT WOS:000271766300005 ER PT J AU Bali, R Nelson-Cheeseman, BB Scholl, A Arenholz, E Suzuki, Y Blamire, MG AF Bali, R. Nelson-Cheeseman, B. B. Scholl, A. Arenholz, E. Suzuki, Y. Blamire, M. G. TI Competing magnetic anisotropies in an antiferromagnet-ferromagnet-antiferromagnet trilayer SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE antiferromagnetic materials; cobalt alloys; exchange interactions (electron); ferromagnetic materials; magnetic anisotropy; magnetic multilayers; magnetic structure; manganese alloys; Permalloy ID EXCHANGE-BIAS; UNIDIRECTIONAL ANISOTROPY; THIN-FILMS; SPIN-FLOP; BILAYERS; DEPENDENCE; INTERFACES; ALLOYS AB An antiferromagnet-ferromagnet-antiferromagnet trilayer was grown in magnetic field using CoMn, permalloy (Py), and FeMn, respectively. Magnetometry studies show that the direction of exchange coupling of CoMn with Py was perpendicular to that of Py with FeMn. These results are explained by a spin flop in the CoMn layer and show that the spin structure of an antiferromagnet may undergo severe modification due to a relatively small magnetic field applied during its growth. The perpendicular exchange coupling was exploited in the CoMn-Py-FeMn trilayer to manipulate the easy axis of the ferromagnet. C1 [Bali, R.; Blamire, M. G.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England. [Nelson-Cheeseman, B. B.; Suzuki, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Scholl, A.; Arenholz, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bali, R (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Microstruct Phys, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany. EM rbali@mpi-halle.mpg.de RI Bali, Rantej/C-2023-2012; Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF-IGERT; Intel Foundation; Pembroke College Cambridge; Cambridge Philosophical Society FX The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. B. B. N.-C. would like to acknowledge support from NSF-IGERT and Intel Foundation fellowships. R. B. would like to thank Dr. K. G. Sandeman and Dr. R. C. Chopdekar for productive discussions. Travel grants from Pembroke College Cambridge and Cambridge Philosophical Society are gratefully acknowledged. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 113925 DI 10.1063/1.3268481 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600097 ER PT J AU Beechem, T Christensen, A Green, DS Graham, S AF Beechem, Thomas Christensen, Adam Green, D. S. Graham, Samuel TI Assessment of stress contributions in GaN high electron mobility transistors of differing substrates using Raman spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE compressive strength; dielectric polarisation; gallium compounds; high electron mobility transistors; III-V semiconductors; internal stresses; Raman spectra; silicon; silicon compounds; spectral line breadth; tensile strength; thermoelasticity; two-dimensional electron gas ID ALGAN/GAN HETEROSTRUCTURES; DEGRADATION; DEVICES; SILICON; STRAIN; HEMTS; POLARIZATION; PASSIVATION; SCATTERING; DEFECTS AB The capability of gallium nitride (GaN) high power transistors arises, in large part, due to piezoelectric polarizations that induce the formation of a carrier rich two-dimensional electron gas. These polarizations, in turn, are directly related to the strain and hence stress that is present within the transistor. As a consequence, the stress load, as well as its measurement, is extremely important to the optimization of this device class. In response, this study demonstrates a technique to quantify the magnitude of operational thermoelastic stress that evolves in a GaN transistor through simultaneous use of the Raman signal's Stokes peak position and linewidth. After verifying the technique through comparison with a finite element model, the method is then utilized in the analysis of high electron mobility transistors grown on silicon (Si) and silicon carbide (SiC) substrates. For each series of device, the major stress contributors-thermoelastic, converse piezoelectric, and residual-are acquired and compared. While the magnitudes of the components are larger in those devices grown on silicon, the resultant biaxial loads in each of the devices are comparable at high power levels as the dominant residual tensile stress is counterbalanced by the compressive thermoelastic contribution. C1 [Beechem, Thomas; Christensen, Adam; Graham, Samuel] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Beechem, Thomas] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Green, D. S.] RFMD Inc, Greensboro, NC 27409 USA. RP Beechem, T (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM tebeech@sandia.gov FU NSF CAREER [CTS-0448795]; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Materials and Manufacturing Directorate; Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Co.; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DEAC04-94AL8500] FX This work was supported in part by the NSF CAREER Grant No. CTS-0448795 and the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Materials and Manufacturing Directorate. Special consideration to Eric Heller of AFRL is also warranted for his work in providing electric field data utilized in the prediction of the piezoelectric induced stresses. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Co., for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DEAC04-94AL8500. NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 114509 DI 10.1063/1.3267157 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600145 ER PT J AU Bhusal, L Fluegel, B Steiner, MA Mascarenhas, A AF Bhusal, L. Fluegel, B. Steiner, M. A. Mascarenhas, A. TI Ordering induced direct-indirect transformation in unstrained GaxIn1-xP for 0.76 < x < 0.78 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE conduction bands; gallium compounds; III-V semiconductors; indium compounds; MOCVD; photoluminescence; semiconductor epitaxial layers; time resolved spectra; valence bands; vapour phase epitaxial growth ID ALLOY SEMICONDUCTORS; GAINP2 AB GaxIn1-xP alloys grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) are known to exhibit spontaneous long-range ordering that results in a modification of the alloy electronic band structure. Using time resolved and time integrated photoluminescence studies at 9 K, we demonstrate that the change in alloy ordering in GaxIn1-xP alloys can transform the conduction to valence band optical transition from direct to indirect for a given Ga concentration. This finding may enable sequential growth of alternate layers of high bandgap direct and indirect semiconductor alloys with similar lattice constants, opening various possibilities for device applications. C1 [Bhusal, L.; Fluegel, B.; Steiner, M. A.; Mascarenhas, A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Bhusal, L (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM lekhnath.bhusal@nrel.gov FU DOE/SC/BES/DMS/ EERE [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This work was supported by the DOE/SC/BES/DMS/ EERE under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 114909 DI 10.1063/1.3266175 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600157 ER PT J AU Campbell, IH Crone, BK AF Campbell, I. H. Crone, B. K. TI Energy level alignments and photocurrents in crystalline Si/organic semiconductor heterojunction diodes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE aluminium; conducting polymers; conduction bands; elemental semiconductors; excitons; fullerenes; gold; interface states; organic semiconductors; photoconductivity; polymer films; semiconductor diodes; semiconductor heterojunctions; semiconductor thin films; silicon; surface chemistry; valence bands ID HYBRID SOLAR-CELLS; PHOTOVOLTAIC PROPERTIES; AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES; DEVICE MODEL; SOLID C-60; SILICON; PHOTODETECTORS; EFFICIENT; PENTACENE; TRANSPORT AB We investigate electronic energy level alignment and photocurrent in crystalline silicon/organic/semitransparent metal heterojunction diodes. Optically thin films of poly[2-methoxy,5-(2(')-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV), poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) [PFO], pentacene (Pc), and C(60) were deposited on n and p type Si wafers and diode structures were formed by depositing either a Au anode or Al cathode onto the organic film. The energy level alignment was assessed using built-in potential and capacitance-voltage measurements. In all cases, the results are consistent with near ideal vacuum energy level alignment between the organic and inorganic semiconductor. The diode current-voltage (I-V) characteristics are consistent with the electronic structure of the heterojunction interface. For n-Si/MEH-PPV/Au, the I-V curves are quantitatively described by an organic device model. For photocurrent measurements the diodes were illuminated through the semitransparent metal contact with optical wavelengths from 350-1100 nm. The photocurrent in the diode structure can be due to absorption either in the organic layer or Si substrate. For n-Si diodes, the 0 bias photocurrent is small with external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) less than 5x10(-3) in all cases. The photocurrent is dominated by absorption in the organic layer for MEH-PPV, PFO, and C(60) and by absorption in Si for Pc. For p-Si diodes, the 0 bias photocurrent is large with EQEs of similar to 0.2 and is dominated by absorption in silicon for all organic layers. Both MEH-PPV and PFO form type I heterostructures with Si and photocurrent due to organic exciton dissociation is less efficient than in commonly used type II organic/organic heterostructures. Silicon/Pc and C(60) heterojunctions are most likely type II with small valence (Pc) or conduction (C(60)) energy level differences. Surprisingly, no photocurrent was observed due to optical absorption in Pc most likely due to a chemical reaction between Pc and Si that prevented exciton dissociation at the heterojunction interface. In n-type/C(60) structures photoconductive gain with EQE >3 was obtained and in p-type structures, the EQE was >0.15 and the spectral response of the photocurrent could be changed significantly from broad band absorption in Si to relatively narrow band absorption in C(60). C1 [Campbell, I. H.; Crone, B. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Campbell, IH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM campbell@lanl.gov FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE Work Proposal [08SPCE973] FX This work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE Work Proposal No. 08SPCE973. I. H. Campbell thanks D. L. Smith for valuable discussions and P. Toto for technical support. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 113704 DI 10.1063/1.3264945 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600058 ER PT J AU Da Silva, JLF Walsh, A Wei, SH Lee, H AF Da Silva, Juarez L. F. Walsh, Aron Wei, Su-Huai Lee, Hosun TI Atomistic origins of the phase transition mechanism in Ge2Sb2Te5 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ab initio calculations; amorphisation; antimony compounds; density functional theory; germanium compounds; noncrystalline structure; solid-state phase transformations; vacancies (crystal) ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; THIN-FILMS; SB-TE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; HOMOLOGOUS SERIES; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; CHANGE MEDIA; DATA-STORAGE; CRYSTALLIZATION AB The fast and reversible phase transition mechanism between crystalline and amorphous phases of Ge2Sb2Te5 has been in debate for several years. Through employing first-principles density functional theory calculations, we identify a direct structural link between the metastable crystalline and amorphous phases. The phase transition is driven by the displacement of Ge atoms along the rocksalt [111] direction from stable octahedron to high energy unstable tetrahedron sites close to the intrinsic vacancy regions, which generates a high energy intermediate phase between metastable and amorphous phases. Due to the instability of Ge at the tetrahedron sites, the Ge atoms naturally shift away from those sites, giving rise to the formation of local-ordered fourfold motifs and the long-range structural disorder. Intrinsic vacancies, which originate from Sb2Te3, lower the energy barrier for Ge displacements, and hence, their distribution plays an important role in the phase transition. The high energy intermediate configuration can be obtained experimentally by applying an intense laser beam, which overcomes the thermodynamic barrier from the octahedron to tetrahedron sites. The high figure of merit of Ge2Sb2Te5 is achieved from the optimal combination of intrinsic vacancies provided by Sb2Te3 and the instability of the tetrahedron sites provided by GeTe. C1 [Da Silva, Juarez L. F.; Wei, Su-Huai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Walsh, Aron] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England. [Da Silva, Juarez L. F.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, BR-13560970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Lee, Hosun] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Suwon 446701, South Korea. RP Da Silva, JLF (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM dasilva_juarez@yahoo.com RI Walsh, Aron/A-7843-2008; Da Silva, Juarez L. F./D-1779-2011; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016 OI Walsh, Aron/0000-0001-5460-7033; Da Silva, Juarez L. F./0000-0003-0645-8760; FU U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX The work at the NREL was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. Computing resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center were employed, NR 79 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 113509 DI 10.1063/1.3264883 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600027 ER PT J AU Feng, CB Nie, JL Zu, XT Al-Jassim, MM Yan, YF AF Feng, C. B. Nie, J. L. Zu, X. T. Al-Jassim, M. M. Yan, Yanfa TI Structure and effects of vacancies in Sigma 3 (112) grain boundaries in Si SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE deep levels; density functional theory; elemental semiconductors; grain boundaries; passivation; segregation; silicon; vacancies (crystal) ID SOLAR-CELLS; SILICON AB Using the first-principle density-functional theory, we study the structure and effects of vacancies in Sigma 3 (112) grain boundary with the coincident-site lattice structure in Si. We find that the formation energy for a Si vacancy in the grain boundary is significantly lower than that in Si perfect region, indicating strong segregation of Si vacancy in grain boundary regions. The formation of Si vacancies in grain boundaries either cleans up the deep levels or facilitates complete passivation by H atoms. Our results suggest that vacancies in grain boundaries may play important role in determining grain boundary physics and passivation behavior. C1 [Feng, C. B.; Nie, J. L.; Zu, X. T.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. [Al-Jassim, M. M.; Yan, Yanfa] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Feng, CB (reprint author), Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. EM yanfa.yan@nrel.gov FU U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX The authors thank Dr. L. Zhang for helpful discussions. The work at NREL is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 113506 DI 10.1063/1.3266018 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600024 ER PT J AU Marksteiner, QR Carlsten, B Russell, S AF Marksteiner, Q. R. Carlsten, Bruce Russell, Steve TI Numerical calculations of RF efficiency from a soliton generating nonlinear transmission line SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE capacitors; inductors; solitons; transmission lines ID FERRITE FILMS AB The output frequency and RF generating efficiency of a lumped element or periodic transmission line with nonlinear capacitors and linear inductors is investigated, using both a purely resistive linear load and a load that contains linear reactive components. The nonlinear transmission line creates high frequency RF by converting a long unipolar input pulse into a train of rapidly oscillating solitons. The RF efficiency increases as the modulation depth between adjacent solitons deepens, and is affected by the nonlinearity of the line and the total number of nonlinear stages used. A linear resistive termination distorts the pulse so as to reduce the RF efficiency, particularly when the nonlinearity is high. The RF efficiency is found to increase significantly when a linear load with reactive elements is used which absorbs the desired high frequency component of the signal but reflects the remaining low frequency parts of the signal back into the line. C1 [Marksteiner, Q. R.; Carlsten, Bruce; Russell, Steve] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Marksteiner, QR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS H851,ISR-6, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM qrm@lanl.gov OI Carlsten, Bruce/0000-0001-5619-907X FU JNLWD FX The authors would like to thank Max Light, Greg Dale, Lawrence Earley, and Fred Mueller for useful discussions. This project was supported by the JNLWD. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 113306 DI 10.1063/1.3262617 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600017 ER PT J AU Nikiforov, MP Kehr, SC Park, TH Milde, P Zerweck, U Loppacher, C Eng, LM Therien, MJ Engheta, N Bonnell, D AF Nikiforov, Maxim P. Kehr, Susanne C. Park, Tae-Hong Milde, Peter Zerweck, Ulrich Loppacher, Christian Eng, Lukas M. Therien, Michael J. Engheta, Nadar Bonnell, Dawn TI Probing polarization and dielectric function of molecules with higher order harmonics in scattering-near-field scanning optical microscopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dielectric function; dielectric thin films; light polarisation; light scattering; monolayers; near-field scanning optical microscopy; organic compounds; permittivity; permittivity measurement ID ELASTIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; FORCE MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; CONTRAST; PROBES; SCALE; TIP AB The idealized system of an atomically flat metallic surface [highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG)] and an organic monolayer (porphyrin) was used to determine whether the dielectric function and associated properties of thin films can be accessed with scanning-near-field scanning optical microscopy (s-NSOM). Here, we demonstrate the use of harmonics up to fourth order and the polarization dependence of incident light to probe dielectric properties on idealized samples of monolayers of organic molecules on atomically smooth substrates. An analytical treatment of light/sample interaction using the s-NSOM tip was developed in order to quantify the dielectric properties. The theoretical analysis and numerical modeling, as well as experimental data, demonstrate that higher order harmonic scattering can be used to extract the dielectric properties of materials with tens of nanometer spatial resolution. To date, the third harmonic provides the best lateral resolution(similar to 50 nm) and dielectric constant contrast for a porphyrin film on HOPG. C1 [Nikiforov, Maxim P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kehr, Susanne C.; Milde, Peter; Zerweck, Ulrich; Eng, Lukas M.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Appl Photophys, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. [Kehr, Susanne C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Park, Tae-Hong] Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Loppacher, Christian] Aix Marseille Univ, F-13397 Marseille 20, France. [Loppacher, Christian] CNRS, IM2NP, UMR 6242, F-13397 Marseille 20, France. [Therien, Michael J.] Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Engheta, Nadar] Univ Penn, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Bonnell, Dawn] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Nikiforov, MP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM maximnik@gmail.com RI Nikiforov, Maxim/C-1965-2012; Loppacher, Christian/N-7052-2015 NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 114307 DI 10.1063/1.3245392 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600121 ER PT J AU Proffit, DE Buchholz, DB Chang, RPH Bedzyk, MJ Mason, TO Ma, Q AF Proffit, D. E. Buchholz, D. B. Chang, R. P. H. Bedzyk, M. J. Mason, T. O. Ma, Q. TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of the local structures of crystalline Zn-In-Sn oxide thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE bond lengths; doping profiles; Hall effect; indium compounds; pulsed laser deposition; semiconductor doping; semiconductor growth; semiconductor thin films; tin; X-ray absorption spectra; zinc ID TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDES; INDIUM OXIDE; FINE-STRUCTURE; BULK; LAYERS; IN2O3 AB The local structure of a Zn, Sn codoped In(2)O(3) thin film grown on c-plane sapphire by pulsed-laser deposition was examined by polarization-dependent x-ray absorption spectroscopy. The bixbyite film structure is both out-of-plane and in-plane oriented, and the structural results show that both Zn and Sn dopants occupy In sites. The In-O bond length is comparable to that in powder In(2)O(3). However, both Sn-O and Zn-O bonds have two distinct distances in the first shell. Some of the Zn dopants are undercoordinated and, accordingly, some isovalent Sn dopants are overcoordinated for charge balance. In addition, the results suggest that the aliovalent Sn dopants form Frank-Koumlstlin clusters, (2Sn(In)O(i))(x), which provide enough charge carriers to explain the Hall measurements. C1 [Proffit, D. E.; Buchholz, D. B.; Chang, R. P. H.; Bedzyk, M. J.; Mason, T. O.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Ma, Q.] Adv Photon Source, DND CAT, NW Synchrotron Res Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Proffit, DE (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM diana.proffit@gmail.com RI Chang, R.P.H/B-7505-2009; Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009; Mason, Thomas/B-7528-2009; Bedzyk, Michael/K-6903-2013 FU NSF [DMR-0520513, DMR-9304725]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER46536]; E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co.; The Dow Chemical Co.; DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; [IBHE HECA NWU 96] FX This work is supported in part by the NSF MRSEC program at Northwestern University under Grant No. DMR-0520513 (D.B.B., R.P.H.C., M.J.B., and T.O.M.) and in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER46536 (D.B.B., R.P.H.C., and T.O.M.). D.E.P. acknowledges the support of a NSF Graduate Research Fellowship. DND-CAT is supported by the E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., The Dow Chemical Co., the NSF via Grant No. DMR-9304725 (M.J.B. and Q.M.), and the State of Illinois via Grant No. IBHE HECA NWU 96. The APS is supported by the DOE via Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors acknowledge helpful discussions with K. R. Poeppelmeier and C. A. Hoel. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 113524 DI 10.1063/1.3259385 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600042 ER PT J AU Romano, L Rudawski, NG Holzworth, MR Jones, KS Choi, SG Picraux, ST AF Romano, Lucia Rudawski, Nicholas G. Holzworth, Monta R. Jones, Kevin S. Choi, S. G. Picraux, S. T. TI Nanoscale manipulation of Ge nanowires by ion irradiation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE amorphisation; bending; elemental semiconductors; gallium; germanium; ion beam effects; ion implantation; nanowires; plastic deformation; plastic flow ID INDUCED PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; AMORPHOUS SOLIDS; SILICON NANOWIRES; BEAM; BOMBARDMENT; FLOW; GERMANIUM; GROWTH; INSTABILITY; TRANSISTORS AB Nanowires have generated considerable interest as nanoscale interconnects and as active components of both electronic and electromechanical devices. However, in many cases, manipulation and modification of nanowires are required to fully realize their potential. It is essential, for instance, to control the orientation and positioning of nanowires in some specific applications. This work demonstrates a simple method to reversibly control the shape and the orientation of Ge nanowires using ion beams. Crystalline nanowires were amorphized by 30 keV Ga(+) implantation. Subsequently, viscous flow and plastic deformation occurred causing the nanowires to bend toward the beam direction. The bending was reversed multiple times by ion implanting the opposite side of the nanowires, resulting in straightening and subsequent bending into that opposite direction. This effect demonstrates the detailed manipulation of nanoscale structures is possible through the use of ion irradiation. C1 [Romano, Lucia] Univ Catania, Dept Phys & Astron, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Romano, Lucia] MATIS CNR INFM, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Rudawski, Nicholas G.; Holzworth, Monta R.; Jones, Kevin S.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Choi, S. G.; Picraux, S. T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Rudawski, Nicholas G.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Choi, S. G.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Romano, L (reprint author), Univ Catania, Dept Phys & Astron, 64 Via S Sofia, I-95123 Catania, Italy. EM lucia.romano@ct.infn.it RI Romano, Lucia/H-3403-2013; Choi, Sukgeun/J-2345-2014 OI Romano, Lucia/0000-0002-7696-7643; FU Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX The authors acknowledge the Major Analytical Instrumentation Center at the University of Florida for use of the transmission electron microscope and FIB facilities, and Clarence Tracy at Arizona Institute of Nanoelectronics (Arizona State University, Tempe ) for his work and guidance on patterning substrates. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility, Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396) site. NR 39 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 114316 DI 10.1063/1.3267154 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600130 ER PT J AU Santos, EAF Silva, WF de Araujo, MT Vermelho, MVD Guedes, I Loong, CK Boatner, LA Jacinto, C AF Santos, E. A. F. Silva, W. F. de Araujo, M. T. Vermelho, M. V. D. Guedes, I. Loong, C. -K. Boatner, L. A. Jacinto, C. TI Quantum efficiencies and thermo-optical properties of Er3+-, Nd3+-, and Pr3+-single doped lead-indium-phosphate glasses SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE diffusion; erbium; fluorescence; indium compounds; infrared spectra; lead compounds; neodymium; phosphate glasses; praseodymium; thermal conductivity; visible spectra ID CONVERSION FLUORESCENCE EMISSION; THERMAL LENS TECHNIQUE; RARE-EARTH IONS; UP-CONVERSION; ENERGY-TRANSFER; SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES; CHALCOGENIDE GLASSES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; HEAT-GENERATION; LASER GLASSES AB The experimental determination of thermal and optical properties, such as the fluorescence quantum efficiency (eta) and temperature coefficient of the optical path length change (ds/dT) have been a challenging task. In this work, mode-mismatched thermal lens and spectroscopic measurements were performed using Er3+-, Nd3+-, and Pr3+-doped lead-indium-phosphate glasses to obtain the thermal diffusivity and conductivity, ds/dT, the thermal loading (nonradiative quantum efficiency), and eta. The experimental difficulties associated with obtaining eta for systems with several emitting levels, such as Er3+-doped materials were overcome. A discussion of the implications of the small eta values obtained for Er3+- and Pr3+-doped glass is presented. C1 [Santos, E. A. F.; Silva, W. F.; de Araujo, M. T.; Vermelho, M. V. D.; Jacinto, C.] Univ Fed Alagoas, Inst Fis, BR-57072970 Maceio, AL, Brazil. [Guedes, I.] Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Fis, BR-60455970 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. [Loong, C. -K.] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Boatner, L. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Radiat Detect Mat & Syst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jacinto, C (reprint author), Univ Fed Alagoas, Inst Fis, BR-57072970 Maceio, AL, Brazil. EM cjacinto@if.ufal.br RI Vermelho, Marcos/F-2972-2011; GUEDES, ILDE/C-3451-2013; Nanobiosimes, Inct/K-2263-2013; Jacinto, Carlos/M-6982-2014; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013; UFC, DF/E-1564-2017; Universidade Federal do Ceara, Physics Department/J-4630-2016; OI Jacinto, Carlos/0000-0002-1101-7196; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594; Universidade Federal do Ceara, Physics Department/0000-0002-9247-6780; GUEDES, ILDE/0000-0002-1040-5891 FU CAPES; CNPq; FINEP; FAPEAL; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR2725] FX We thank the Brazilian agencies CAPES, CNPq, FINEP, and FAPEAL for financial support of this work. The research of E. A. F. S. is supported by undergraduate studentships from PIBIC/CNPq and that of F. W. S. by graduate studentships from CAPES. The research was sponsored in part by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR2725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 113111 DI 10.1063/1.3271345 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600011 ER PT J AU Scalerandi, M Griffa, M Johnson, PA AF Scalerandi, M. Griffa, M. Johnson, P. A. TI Robustness of computational time reversal imaging in media with elastic constant uncertainties SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE acoustic waves; elastic constants; elastic moduli ID WAVE; ACOUSTICS; SCATTERING; DECOMPOSITION; LOCALIZATION; SIMULATION; MIGRATION; OPERATOR; VELOCITY; MIRROR AB In order to image a source or a scatterer embedded in a three dimensional solid, acoustic/elastic wave data from an actual experiment are time reversed and backpropagated through a numerical model of the medium. The model makes use of estimates for the elastic constants of the laboratory solid. These estimates may not be very precise, for example, due to experimental uncertainties. Poor characterization of the medium leads to the degradation of the time reversal focus, therefore, to poor medium imaging. In this work, we report on the results of investigating the time reversal focus degradation as the estimates depart from the real values. Very small deviations from the medium's actual elastic constants degrade the time reversal focus dramatically. However, decreasing the total duration of the signals used for time reversal can attenuate the degradation in some cases. We propose a new method to compensate for the deviations of the model medium's elastic constants from the actual values. Finally, we explore the effects of scatterers that may exist in the laboratory medium, but are not included in the model medium, and show that their presence does not produce significant effects on the time reversal focus. C1 [Griffa, M.] Swiss Fed Labs Mat Testing & Res EMPA, Lab Bldg Sci & Technol, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Scalerandi, M.] Politecn Torino, Dept Phys, I-10129 Turin, Italy. [Johnson, P. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp EES 17, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Griffa, M (reprint author), Swiss Fed Labs Mat Testing & Res EMPA, Lab Bldg Sci & Technol, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. EM michele.griffa@empa.ch OI SCALERANDI, MARCO/0000-0003-0809-9976; Griffa, Michele/0000-0001-8407-9438; Johnson, Paul/0000-0002-0927-4003 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory FX This work has been funded by Institutional Support (LDRD Program) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. We thank Dr. A. S. Gliozzi (Politecnico di Torino, Italy) and R. A. Guyer, C. Larmat, B. E. Anderson, P.-Y. Le Bas, and T. J. Ulrich (Los Alamos National Laboratory) for useful comments and discussions. One of us (M.S.) would like to thank the Los Alamos National Laboratory for financial support. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 114911 DI 10.1063/1.3269718 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600159 ER PT J AU Ulrich, TJ Van Den Abeele, K Le Bas, PY Griffa, M Anderson, BE Guyer, RA AF Ulrich, T. J. Van Den Abeele, Koen Le Bas, Pierre-Yves Griffa, Michele Anderson, Brian E. Guyer, Robert A. TI Three component time reversal: Focusing vector components using a scalar source SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE acoustic signal processing; elastic waves; ultrasonic materials testing; ultrasonic propagation ID SOLIDS; SCATTERING; ACOUSTICS AB In acoustics, it is known that, for a given response signal at an arbitrary location, reciprocity and time reversal (TR) can be used to focus high levels of acoustic energy at that position. In solid media, elastic waves generally induce different disturbances in three directions. In this paper, both experimental and numerical wave propagation results for solid materials demonstrate the ability to use a scalar source, a three component detector and the reciprocal TR process to selectively focus each of the different vector components, either individually or collectively. The principle is explained from an analytical point of view. The numerical and experimental study demonstrates excellent temporal and spatial focalization. Applications of the selective vector component focusing can be found in damage imaging techniques using both linear or nonlinear ultrasonic waves. C1 [Ulrich, T. J.; Le Bas, Pierre-Yves] Los Alamos Natl Lab, EES 17, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Van Den Abeele, Koen] Catholic Univ Louvain, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium. [Griffa, Michele] Swiss Fed Labs Mat Testing & Res, EMPA, Bldg Technol Lab, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Anderson, Brian E.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Guyer, Robert A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Ulrich, TJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, EES 17, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tju@lanl.gov RI Anderson, Brian/G-8819-2012; OI Griffa, Michele/0000-0001-8407-9438 FU LDRD; European FP6 Grant AERONEWS [AST-CT-2003-502927]; Flemish Fund for Scientific Research [0206.02, 0554.06, 0443.07]; Research Council of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven [OT/07/051] FX The work was supported by Institutional Support (Campaign 8 and LDRD ) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The authors are grateful for discussions with colleagues Paul Johnson and Carene Larmat on the topics of Time Reversal and reciprocity. Koen Van Den Abeele gratefully acknowledges the support of the European FP6 Grant AERONEWS (Grant No. AST-CT-2003-502927), the Flemish Fund for Scientific Research ( Grant Nos. G. 0206.02, G. 0554.06, and G. 0443.07), the Research Council of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Grant No. OT/07/051, CIF1), and the institutional support of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Special thanks are given to Francesco Simonetti of Imperial College, for discussions on methods of measuring in-plane motion. NR 20 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 113504 DI 10.1063/1.3259371 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600022 ER PT J AU Amory-Mazaudier, C Gregori, G Schroder, W AF Amory-Mazaudier, C. Gregori, G. Schroeder, W. TI Introduction to several papers on special section of 'The Time Varying Sun' SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Amory-Mazaudier, C.; Gregori, G.; Schroeder, W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Gregori, G (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 88,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM gregori1@llnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-6826 J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 71 IS 17-18 BP 1681 EP 1682 DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2009.10.001 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 535QK UT WOS:000272985200001 ER PT J AU Franden, MA Pienkos, PT Zhang, M AF Franden, Mary Ann Pienkos, Philip T. Zhang, Min TI Development of a high-throughput method to evaluate the impact of inhibitory compounds from lignocellulosic hydrolysates on the growth of Zymomonas mobilis SO JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Zymomonas mobilis; High-throughput screening; Cell growth assay; Bioscreen C; Cellulose; Hemicellulose; Hydrolysate; Biomass; Ethanol; Lignocellulosic ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; DEGRADATION-PRODUCTS; XYLOSE FERMENTATION; CORN STOVER; BIOMASS; ACID; PRETREATMENT; BACTERIA; GLUCOSE AB Overcoming the effects of hydrolysate toxicity towards ethanologens is a key technical barrier in the biochemical conversion process for biomass feedstocks to ethanol. Despite its importance, the complexity of the hydrolysate toxicity phenomena and the lack of systematic studies, analysis and tools surrounding this issue have blocked a full understanding of relationships involving toxic compounds in hydrolysates and their effects on ethanologen growth and fermentation. In this study, we developed a quantitative. high-throughput biological growth assay using an automated turbidometer to obtain detailed inhibitory kinetics for individual compounds present in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysate. Information about prolonged lag time and final cell densities can also be obtained. The effects of furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), acetate and ethanol on growth rate and final cell densities of Zymomonas mobilis 8b on glucose are presented. This method was also shown to be of value in toxicity studies of hydrolysate itself, despite the highly colored nature of this material. Using this approach, we can generate comprehensive inhibitory profiles with many individual compounds and develop models that predict and examine toxic effects in the complex mixture of hydrolysates, leading to the development of improved pretreatment and conditioning processes as well as fermentation organisms. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. Ail rights reserved. C1 [Franden, Mary Ann; Pienkos, Philip T.; Zhang, Min] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zhang, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, MS3323, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM min.zhang@nrel.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308] FX This work was supported by the Office of the Biomass Program of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NR 24 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 4 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1656 J9 J BIOTECHNOL JI J. Biotechnol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 144 IS 4 BP 259 EP 267 DI 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.08.006 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 536EC UT WOS:000273024700003 PM 19683550 ER PT J AU Tan, K Lawler, J AF Tan, Kemin Lawler, Jack TI The interaction of Thrombospondins with extracellular matrix proteins SO JOURNAL OF CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING LA English DT Article DE Thrombospondin; Matricellular; Extracellular matrix; Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein AB The thrombospondins (TSPs) are a family of five matricellular proteins that appear to function as adapter molecules to guide extracellular matrix synthesis and tissue remodeling in a variety of normal and disease settings. Various TSPs have been shown to bind to fibronectin, laminin, matrilins, collagens and other extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. The importance of TSP-1 in this context is underscored by the fact that it is rapidly deposited at the sites of tissue damage by platelets. An association of TSPs with collagens has been known for over 25 years. The observation that the disruption of the TSP-2 gene in mice leads to collagen fibril abnormalities provided important in vivo evidence that these interactions are physiologically important. Recent biochemical studies have shown that TSP-5 promotes collagen fibril assembly and structural studies suggest that TSPs may interact with collagens through a highly conserved potential metal ion dependent adhesion site (MIDAS). These interactions are critical for normal tissue homeostasis, tumor progression and the etiology of skeletal dysplasias. C1 [Tan, Kemin] Argonne Natl Lab, Midwest Ctr Struct Genom, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Tan, Kemin] Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lawler, Jack] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Div Expt Pathol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Lawler, Jack] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Lawler, J (reprint author), Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Div Expt Pathol, 330 Brookline Ave,EC-CLS-503, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM jlawler@bidmc.harvard.edu FU NIH [HL049081, CA130895] FX The authors thank Sami Lawler and Raji Bhat for help in preparing the manuscript. This work was supported by NIH grants HL049081 and CA130895. NR 96 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1873-9601 EI 1873-961X J9 J CELL COMMUN SIGNAL JI J. Cell Commun. Signal PD DEC PY 2009 VL 3 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 177 EP 187 DI 10.1007/s12079-009-0074-2 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA V39OC UT WOS:000209419300003 PM 19830595 ER PT J AU Fox, KM AF Fox, Kevin M. TI Mechanical alloying and thermal treatment for production of zirconium-iron hydrogen isotope getters SO JOURNAL OF CERAMIC PROCESSING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hydrogen absorbing materials; metal hydrides; mechanical alloying; phase transitions; X-ray diffraction ID FE-ZR AB The objective of this task was to demonstrate that metal hydrides could be produced by mechanical alloying in the quantities needed to support production-scale hydrogen isotope separations. Three starting compositions (ratios of elemental Zr and Fe powders) were selected and attritor milled under argon for times of 8 to 60 hours. In general, milling times of at least 24 hours were required to form the desired Zr(2)Fe and Zr(3)Fe phases, although a considerable amount of unalloyed Zr and Fe remained. Milling in liquid nitrogen does not appear to provide any advantages over milling in hexane, particularly due to the formation of ZrN after longer milling times. Carbides of Zr formed during some of the milling experiments in hexane. Elemental Zr was present in the as-milled material but not detected after annealing for milling times of 48 and 60 hours. It may be that after intimate mixing of the powders in the attritor mill the annealing temperature was sufficient to allow for the formation of a Zr-Fe alloy. Further investigation of this conversion is necessary, and could provide an opportunity for reducing the amount of unreacted metal powder after milling. C1 Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Fox, KM (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Bldg 999-W, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM kevin.fox@srnl.doe.gov FU Department of Energy (DOE) FX The author Would like to acknowledge funding provided by the Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Plant Directed Research and Development Program at the Savannah River Site. Initial work on this study was completed by Dr. James Congdon at SRNL. The author extends thanks to Xiaodi (Scott) Huang and the Institute of Materials Processing at Michigan Technological University for skilled assistance with the mechanical alloying work, and Arthur Jurgensen and David Missimer at SRNL for interpretation of the XRD data. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU KOREAN ASSOC CRYSTAL GROWTH, INC PI SEOUL PA SUNGDONG POST OFFICE, P O BOX 27, SEOUL 133-600, SOUTH KOREA SN 1229-9162 J9 J CERAM PROCESS RES JI J. Ceram. Process. Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 10 IS 6 BP 705 EP 709 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 545ZB UT WOS:000273774800001 ER PT J AU Kim, D Sperber, K Stern, W Waliser, D Kang, IS Maloney, E Wang, W Weickmann, K Benedict, J Khairoutdinov, M Lee, MI Neale, R Suarez, M Thayer-Calder, K Zhang, G AF Kim, D. Sperber, K. Stern, W. Waliser, D. Kang, I. -S. Maloney, E. Wang, W. Weickmann, K. Benedict, J. Khairoutdinov, M. Lee, M. -I. Neale, R. Suarez, M. Thayer-Calder, K. Zhang, G. TI Application of MJO Simulation Diagnostics to Climate Models SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Review ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; TROPICAL INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION; COUPLED EQUATORIAL WAVES; CLOUD-RESOLVING MODEL; ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON; MCFARLANE CONVECTION PARAMETERIZATION; OUTGOING LONGWAVE RADIATION; STATISTICAL FORECAST MODEL; EXTENDED RANGE FORECASTS AB The ability of eight climate models to simulate the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) is examined using diagnostics developed by the U. S. Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) MJO Working Group. Although the MJO signal has been extracted throughout the annual cycle, this study focuses on the boreal winter (November-April) behavior. Initially, maps of the mean state and variance and equatorial space-time spectra of 850-hPa zonal wind and precipitation are compared with observations. Models best represent the intraseasonal space-time spectral peak in the zonal wind compared to that of precipitation. Using the phase-space representation of the multivariate principal components (PCs), the life cycle properties of the simulated MJOs are extracted, including the ability to represent how the MJO evolves from a given subphase and the associated decay time scales. On average, the MJO decay (e-folding) time scale for all models is shorter (similar to 20-29 days) than observations (similar to 31 days). All models are able to produce a leading pair of multivariate principal components that represents eastward propagation of intraseasonal wind and precipitation anomalies, although the fraction of the variance is smaller than observed for all models. In some cases, the dominant time scale of these PCs is outside of the 30-80-day band. Several key variables associated with the model's MJO are investigated, including the surface latent heat flux, boundary layer (925 hPa) moisture convergence, and the vertical structure of moisture. Low-level moisture convergence ahead (east) of convection is associated with eastward propagation in most of the models. A few models are also able to simulate the gradual moistening of the lower troposphere that precedes observed MJO convection, as well as the observed geographical difference in the vertical structure of moisture associated with the MJO. The dependence of rainfall on lower tropospheric relative humidity and the fraction of rainfall that is stratiform are also discussed, including implications these diagnostics have for MJO simulation. Based on having the most realistic intraseasonal multivariate empirical orthogonal functions, principal component power spectra, equatorial eastward propagating outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), latent heat flux, low-level moisture convergence signals, and vertical structure of moisture over the Eastern Hemisphere, the superparameterized Community Atmosphere Model (SPCAM) and the ECHAM4/Ocean Isopycnal Model (OPYC) show the best skill at representing the MJO. C1 [Kim, D.; Kang, I. -S.] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 151747, South Korea. [Sperber, K.] PCMDI, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Stern, W.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [Waliser, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Maloney, E.; Benedict, J.; Thayer-Calder, K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Wang, W.; Suarez, M.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Weickmann, K.] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Khairoutdinov, M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Terr & Planetary Atmospheres, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Lee, M. -I.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Lee, M. -I.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Neale, R.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Zhang, G.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Kim, D (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 151747, South Korea. EM kim@climate.snu.ac.kr RI Benedict, James/M-5824-2013; Maloney, Eric/A-9327-2008; Sperber, Kenneth/H-2333-2012; 안, 민섭/D-9972-2015; OI Benedict, James/0000-0001-5115-5131; Maloney, Eric/0000-0002-2660-2611; Lee, Myong-In/0000-0001-8983-8624 FU Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program [CATER_2006-4206]; BK21; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NSF [ATM-0832868]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA050AR4310006] FX The MJOWG wishes to acknowledge and thank U. S. CLIVAR and International CLIVAR for supporting this working group and its activities. We would like to specifically acknowledge the administrative support on behalf of the MJOWG by Cathy Stevens of the U. S. CLIVAR Office. D. Kim and I.-S. Kang have been supported by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program under Grant CATER_2006-4206 and the BK21 program. K. Sperber was supported under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Climate Change Prediction Program by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. D. Waliser's contributions to this study were carried out on behalf of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). E. Maloney was supported by the Climate and Large-Scale Dynamics program of the NSF under Grant ATM-0832868, and under Award NA050AR4310006 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. We thank Dr. M. Wheeler (Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research) and Prof. B. Wang (University of Hawaii) for helpful comments. NR 105 TC 166 Z9 169 U1 4 U2 37 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 22 IS 23 BP 6413 EP 6436 DI 10.1175/2009JCLI3063.1 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 526GC UT WOS:000272274700016 ER PT J AU Thuburn, J Ringler, TD Skamarock, WC Klemp, JB AF Thuburn, J. Ringler, T. D. Skamarock, W. C. Klemp, J. B. TI Numerical representation of geostrophic modes on arbitrarily structured C-grids SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; POTENTIAL ENSTROPHY; GEODESIC GRIDS; ADJUSTMENT; DISPERSION; SCHEME; SPHERE; TESTS AB A C-grid staggering, in which the mass variable is stored at cell centers and the normal velocity component is stored at cell faces (or edges in two dimensions) is attractive for atmospheric modeling since it enables a relatively accurate representation of fast wave modes. However, the discretization of the Coriolis terms is non-trivial. For constant Coriolis parameter, the linearized shallow water equations support geostrophic modes: stationary solutions in geostrophic balance. A naive discretization of the Coriolis terms can cause geostrophic modes to become non-stationary, causing unphysical behaviour of numerical solutions. Recent work has shown how to discretize the Coriolis terms on a planar regular hexagonal grid to ensure that geostrophic modes are stationary while the Coriolis terms remain energy conserving. In this paper this result is extended to arbitrarily structured C-grids. An explicit formula is given for constructing an appropriate discretization of the Coriolis terms. The general formula is illustrated by showing that it recovers previously known results for the planar regular hexagonal C-grid and the spherical longitude-latitude C-grid. Numerical calculation confirms that the scheme does indeed give stationary geostrophic modes for the hexagonal-pentagonal and triangular geodesic C-grids on the sphere. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Thuburn, J.] Univ Exeter, Sch Engn Math & Phys Sci, Math Res Inst, Exeter EX4 4QF, Devon, England. [Ringler, T. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Skamarock, W. C.; Klemp, J. B.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Thuburn, J (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Sch Engn Math & Phys Sci, Math Res Inst, N Pk Rd, Exeter EX4 4QF, Devon, England. EM j.thuburn@ex.ac.uk; ringler@lanl.gov; skamaroc@ucar.edu; klemp@ucar.edu FU Los Alamos [LA-UR 09-03238] FX This paper is Los Alamos report number LA-UR 09-03238. NR 28 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 228 IS 22 BP 8321 EP 8335 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2009.08.006 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 513SD UT WOS:000271342600007 ER PT J AU Kolev, TV Rieben, RN AF Kolev, Tz. V. Rieben, R. N. TI A tensor artificial viscosity using a finite element approach SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Shock hydrodynamics; Lagrangian hydrodynamics; Numerical methods; Finite element methods ID ALGORITHM; ERRORS AB We derive a tensor artificial viscosity suitable for use in a 2D or 3D unstructured arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) hydrodynamics code. This work is similar in nature to that of Campbell and Shashkov [1]; however, our approach is based on a finite element discretization that is fundamentally different from the mimetic finite difference framework. The finite element point of view leads to novel insights as well as improved numerical results. We begin with a generalized tensor version of the Von Neumann-Richtmyer artificial viscosity, then convert it to a variational formulation and apply a Galerkin discretization process using high order Gaussian quadrature to obtain a generalized nodal force term and corresponding zonal heating (or shock entropy) term. This technique is modular and is therefore suitable for coupling to a traditional staggered grid discretization of the momentum and energy conservation laws; however, we motivate the use of such finite element approaches for discretizing each term in the Euler equations. We review the key properties that any artificial viscosity must possess and use these to formulate specific constraints on the total artificial viscosity force term as well as the artificial viscosity coefficient. We also show, that under certain simplifying assumptions, the two-dimensional scheme from [1] can be viewed as an under-integrated version of our finite element method. This equivalence holds on general distorted quadrilateral grids. Finally, we present computational results on some standard shock hydro test problems, as well as some more challenging problems, indicating the advantages of the new approach with respect to symmetry preservation for shock wave propagation over general grids. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Rieben, R. N.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div B, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Kolev, Tz. V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Rieben, RN (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div B, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM tzanio@llnl.gov; rieben1@llnl.gov NR 23 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 228 IS 22 BP 8336 EP 8366 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2009.08.010 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 513SD UT WOS:000271342600008 ER PT J AU Fichtl, ED Warsa, JS Prinja, AK AF Fichtl, Erin D. Warsa, James S. Prinja, Anil K. TI Krylov iterative methods and synthetic acceleration for transport in binary statistical media SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Radiation transport; Synthetic acceleration; Krylov iterative methods; Levermore-Pomraning closure; Stochastic media ID 2-GRID ACCELERATION; EQUATIONS; SCHEME; GMRES AB In particle transport applications there are numerous physical constructs in which heterogeneities are randomly distributed. The quantity of interest in these problems is the ensemble average of the flux, or the average of the flux over all possible material 'realizations.' The Levermore-Pomraning closure assumes Markovian mixing statistics and allows a closed, coupled system of equations to be written for the ensemble averages of the flux in each material. Generally, binary statistical mixtures are considered in which there are two (homogeneous) materials and corresponding coupled equations. The solution process is iterative, but convergence may be slow as either or both materials approach the diffusion and/or atomic mix limits. A three-part acceleration scheme is devised to expedite convergence, particularly in the atomic mix-diffusion limit where computation is extremely slow. The iteration is first divided into a series of 'inner' material and source iterations to attenuate the diffusion and atomic mix error modes separately. Secondly, atomic mix synthetic acceleration is applied to the inner material iteration and S(2) synthetic acceleration to the inner source iterations to offset the cost of doing several inner iterations per outer iteration. Finally, a Krylov iterative solver is wrapped around each iteration, inner and outer, to further expedite convergence. A spectral analysis is conducted and iteration counts and computing cost for the new two-step scheme are compared against those for a simple one-step iteration. to which a Krylov iterative method can also be applied. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Fichtl, Erin D.; Warsa, James S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Prinja, Anil K.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Fichtl, ED (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM efichtl@lanl.gov; warsa@lanl.gov; prinja@unm.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 228 IS 22 BP 8413 EP 8426 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2009.08.013 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 513SD UT WOS:000271342600012 ER PT J AU Andriamonje, S Aune, S Autiero, D Barth, K Belov, A Beltran, B Brauninger, H Carmona, JM Cebrian, S Collar, JI Dafni, T Davenport, M Di Lella, L Eleftheriadis, C Englhauser, J Fanourakis, G Ferrer-Ribas, E Fischer, H Franz, J Friedrich, P Geralis, T Giomataris, I Gninenko, S Gomez, H Hasinoff, M Heinsius, FH Hoffmann, DHH Irastorza, IG Jacoby, J Jakovcic, K Kang, D Konigsmann, K Kotthaus, R Krcmar, M Kousouris, K Kuster, M Lakic, B Lasseur, C Liolios, A Ljubicic, A Lutz, G Luzon, G Miller, D Morales, J Ortiz, A Papaevangelou, T Placci, A Raffelt, G Riege, H Rodriguez, A Ruz, J Savvidis, I Semertzidis, Y Serpico, P Stewart, L Vieira, J Villar, J Vogel, J Walckiers, L Zioutas, K AF Andriamonje, S. Aune, S. Autiero, D. Barth, K. Belov, A. Beltran, B. Braeuninger, H. Carmona, J. M. Cebrian, S. Collar, J. I. Dafni, T. Davenport, M. Di Lella, L. Eleftheriadis, C. Englhauser, J. Fanourakis, G. Ferrer-Ribas, E. Fischer, H. Franz, J. Friedrich, P. Geralis, T. Giomataris, I. Gninenko, S. Gomez, H. Hasinoff, M. Heinsius, F. H. Hoffmann, D. H. H. Irastorza, I. G. Jacoby, J. Jakovcic, K. Kang, D. Koenigsmann, K. Kotthaus, R. Krcmar, M. Kousouris, K. Kuster, M. Lakic, B. Lasseur, C. Liolios, A. Ljubicic, A. Lutz, G. Luzon, G. Miller, D. Morales, J. Ortiz, A. Papaevangelou, T. Placci, A. Raffelt, G. Riege, H. Rodriguez, A. Ruz, J. Savvidis, I. Semertzidis, Y. Serpico, P. Stewart, L. Vieira, J. Villar, J. Vogel, J. Walckiers, L. Zioutas, K. CA CAST Collaboration TI Search for 14.4 keV solar axions emitted in the M1-transition of Fe-57 nuclei with CAST SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE axions; solar physics ID HADRONIC AXIONS; COHERENT CONVERSION; CP CONSERVATION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; M1 TRANSITION; DETECTOR; INVARIANCE; TELESCOPE; PROPOSAL; PHOTONS AB We have searched for 14.4 keV solar axions or more general axion-like particles (ALPs), that may be emitted in the M1 nuclear transition of Fe-57, by using the axion-to-photon conversion in the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) with evacuated magnet bores (Phase I). From the absence of excess of the monoenergetic X-rays when the magnet was pointing to the Sun, we set model-independent constraints on the coupling constants of pseudoscalar particles that couple to two photons and to a nucleon g(a gamma)vertical bar-1.19 g(aN)(0) + g(aN)(3)vertical bar < 1.36 x 10(-16) GeV-1 for m(a) < 0.03 eV at the 95% confidence level. C1 [Andriamonje, S.; Aune, S.; Dafni, T.; Ferrer-Ribas, E.; Giomataris, I.; Irastorza, I. G.; Papaevangelou, T.] Ctr Etud Nucl Saclay, IRFU, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Autiero, D.; Barth, K.; Davenport, M.; Di Lella, L.; Lasseur, C.; Papaevangelou, T.; Placci, A.; Serpico, P.; Stewart, L.; Walckiers, L.; Zioutas, K.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Semertzidis, Y.; Zioutas, K.] Univ Patras, Patras, Greece. [Dafni, T.; Hoffmann, D. H. H.; Kuster, M.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. [Braeuninger, H.; Englhauser, J.; Friedrich, P.; Kuster, M.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Beltran, B.; Carmona, J. M.; Cebrian, S.; Gomez, H.; Irastorza, I. G.; Luzon, G.; Morales, J.; Ortiz, A.; Rodriguez, A.; Ruz, J.; Villar, J.] Univ Zaragoza, Inst Fis Nucl & Altas Energias, Zaragoza, Spain. [Collar, J. I.; Miller, D.; Vieira, J.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Collar, J. I.; Miller, D.; Vieira, J.] Univ Chicago, KICP, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Eleftheriadis, C.; Liolios, A.; Savvidis, I.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Fanourakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kousouris, K.] Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Athens, Greece. [Fischer, H.; Franz, J.; Heinsius, F. H.; Kang, D.; Koenigsmann, K.; Vogel, J.] Univ Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. [Belov, A.; Gninenko, S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Hasinoff, M.; Miller, D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Jacoby, J.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Angew Phys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. [Kotthaus, R.; Raffelt, G.; Serpico, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Jakovcic, K.; Krcmar, M.; Lakic, B.; Ljubicic, A.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, HR-1002 Zagreb, Croatia. [Semertzidis, Y.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Andriamonje, S (reprint author), Ctr Etud Nucl Saclay, IRFU, Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM Kresimir.Jakovcic@irb.hr RI Hoffmann, Dieter H.H./A-5265-2008; Irastorza, Igor/B-2085-2012; Dafni, Theopisti /J-9646-2012; Semertzidis, Yannis K./N-1002-2013; Kuster, Markus/C-5742-2014; Villar, Jose Angel/K-6630-2014; Carmona, Jose/H-3732-2015; Papaevangelou, Thomas/G-2482-2016; OI Irastorza, Igor/0000-0003-1163-1687; Dafni, Theopisti /0000-0002-8921-910X; Villar, Jose Angel/0000-0003-0228-7589; Carmona, Jose/0000-0003-2264-2306; Papaevangelou, Thomas/0000-0003-2829-9158; Luzon Marco, Gloria/0000-0002-5352-1884 FU NSERC (Canada); MSES (Croatia) [098-0982887-2872]; CEA (France); BMBF (Germany) [05 CC2EEA/9, 05 CC1RD1/0]; Virtuelles Institut fur Dunkle Materie und Neutrinos -VIDMAN (Germany); GSRT (Greece); RFFR (Russia); Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) [FPA2004-00973, FPA2007-62833]; NSF (USA); US Department of Energy; NASA [NAG5-10842] FX We thank CERN for hosting the experiment and for the contributions of J. P. Bojon, F. Cataneo, R. Campagnolo, G. Cipolla, F. Chiusano, M. Delattre, A. De Rujula, F. Formenti, M. Genet, J. N. Joux, A. Lippitsch, L. Musa, R. De Oliveira, A. Onnela, J. Pierlot, C. Rosset, H. Thiesen and B. Vullierme. We acknowledge support from NSERC (Canada), MSES (Croatia) under the grant number 098-0982887-2872, CEA (France), BMBF (Germany) under the grant numbers 05 CC2EEA/9 and 05 CC1RD1/0, the Virtuelles Institut fur Dunkle Materie und Neutrinos -VIDMAN (Germany), GSRT (Greece), RFFR (Russia), the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) under grants FPA2004-00973 and FPA2007-62833, NSF (USA), US Department of Energy, NASA under the grant number NAG5-10842 and the helpful discussions within the network on direct dark matter detection of the ILIAS integrating activity (Contract number: RII3-CT-2003-506222). NR 54 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 IS 12 AR 002 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/12/002 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 540EQ UT WOS:000273314300024 ER PT J AU Sefusatti, E Liguori, M Yadav, APS Jackson, MG Pajer, E AF Sefusatti, Emiliano Liguori, Michele Yadav, Amit P. S. Jackson, Mark G. Pajer, Enrico TI Constraining running non-gaussianity SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE redshift surveys; inflation; non-gaussianity; CMBR theory ID PRIMORDIAL NON-GAUSSIANITY; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; 3-POINT CORRELATION-FUNCTION; N-BODY SIMULATIONS; INITIAL CONDITIONS; POLARIZATION ANISOTROPIES; INFLATIONARY MODELS; DEPENDENT BIAS; FAST ESTIMATOR; MASS FUNCTION AB The primordial non-Gaussian parameter f(NL) has been shown to be scale-dependent in several models of inflation with a variable speed of sound, such as Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) models. We perform a Fisher matrix analysis of the bispectra of the temperature and polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation and derive the expected constraints on the parameter n(NG) that quantifies the running of f(NL)(k) for current and future CMB missions. We find that CMB information alone, in the event of a significant detection of the non-Gaussian component, corresponding to f(NL) = 50 for the local model and f(NL) = 100 for the equilateral model of non-Gaussianity, is able to determine n(NG) with a 1-sigma uncertainty of Delta n(NG) similar or equal to 0.1 and Delta n(NG) similar or equal to 0.3, respectively, for the Planck mission and a factor of two better for CMBPol. In addition, we show how future large-scale structure observations should achieve results comparable to or even better than those from the CMB, while showing some complementarity due to the different distribution of the non-Gaussian signal over the relevant range of scales. Finally, we compare our findings to the predictions on the amplitude and running of non-Gaussianity of DBI inflation, showing how the constraints on a scale-dependent f(NL) (k) translate into constraints on the parameter space of the theory. C1 [Sefusatti, Emiliano] CEA, IPhT, Inst Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Sefusatti, Emiliano] Nordic Inst Theoret Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Sefusatti, Emiliano; Yadav, Amit P. S.; Jackson, Mark G.] Ctr Particle Astrophys, Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Liguori, Michele] Univ Cambridge, DAMTP, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. [Yadav, Amit P. S.] Harvard Univ, Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jackson, Mark G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Jackson, Mark G.] Inst Lorentz Theoret Natuurkunde, NL-2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands. [Pajer, Enrico] Cornell Univ, Lab Elementary Particle Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Sefusatti, E (reprint author), CEA, IPhT, Inst Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM emiliano.sefusatti@cea.fr; M.Liguori@damtp.cam.ac.uk; ayadav@cfa.harvard.edu; markj@fnal.gov; e.pajer@sns.it OI Pajer, Enrico/0000-0002-7921-4479; Sefusatti, Emiliano/0000-0003-0473-1567 NR 110 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 IS 12 AR 022 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/12/022 PG 46 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 540EQ UT WOS:000273314300004 ER PT J AU Beard, LP Norton, J Sheehan, JR AF Beard, Les P. Norton, Jeannemarie Sheehan, Jacob R. TI Lightning-Induced Remanent Magnetic Anomalies in Low-Altitude Aeromagnetic Data SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article AB A low altitude helicopter magnetic survey for unexploded ordnance in New Mexico revealed several magnetic anomalies that were most likely induced by lightning strikes. Lightning-strike magnetic anomalies are not necessarily rare, but may be spaced so widely as to make their detection unlikely in a ground survey. Detailed examples are not often reported because ground geophysical surveys may not cover enough area to detect one, and traditional airborne surveys, which do cover large areas, are carried out at an altitude and line spacing which does not appropriately define the unusual shape of the lightning strike anomaly. However, very low-level (1-3 m altitude) airborne magnetic surveys have data densities similar to ground geophysical surveys, yet cover much larger areas. Lightning anomalies appear in magnetic data as radial arms emanating from a central strike point. Each arm has distinct positive and negative lobes. Anomaly amplitudes in the New Mexico survey area ranged from roughly -30 to +30 nT/m, and the lightning-strike anomaly density was about one per 20 hectares. This is a conservative estimate, as only the most obvious anomalies were counted. The character of the lightning-induced magnetic anomalies changes with an increase in survey altitude or with wider line spacing, making them less distinct from other types of magnetic anomalies. C1 [Beard, Les P.; Norton, Jeannemarie; Sheehan, Jacob R.] Battelle Oak Ridge Operat, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Beard, LP (reprint author), Battelle Oak Ridge Operat, 105 Mitchell Rd,Suite 103, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM BeardL@Battelle.org FU Environmental Security Technology Certification FX The data used in this study were collected as part of a demonstration project funded through the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program and we thank Dr. Anne Andrews and Dr. Jeff Marqusee for their support. Survey crew were Jeff Gamey, Bill Doll, Jacob Sheehan, Abraham Emond, and Marcus Watson. National Helicopters provided helicopter services for the project, with pilot Doug Christie. Reviewers Suzanne McEnroe and Jeff Johnston provided comments and insights that improved the quality of the paper. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI DENVER PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA SN 1083-1363 J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 14 IS 4 BP 155 EP 161 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering GA 534EO UT WOS:000272879200001 ER PT J AU O'Connor, BL Hondzo, M Harvey, JW AF O'Connor, Ben L. Hondzo, Miki Harvey, Judson W. TI Incorporating Both Physical and Kinetic Limitations in Quantifying Dissolved Oxygen Flux to Aquatic Sediments SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSIONAL MASS-TRANSFER; BOUNDARY-LAYER; WATER INTERFACE; FLOW VELOCITY; SEA-FLOOR; TURBULENCE; DEMAND; CHAMBER; MOTIONS; NUMBERS AB Traditionally, dissolved oxygen (DO) fluxes have been calculated using the thin-film theory with DO microstructure data in systems characterized by fine sediments and low velocities. However, recent experimental evidence of fluctuating DO concentrations near the sediment-water interface suggests that turbulence and coherent motions control the mass transfer, and the surface renewal theory gives a more mechanistic model for quantifying fluxes. Both models involve quantifying the mass transfer coefficient (k) and the relevant concentration difference (Delta C). This study compared several empirical models for quantifying k based on both thin-film and surface renewal theories, as well as presents a new method for quantifying Delta C (dynamic approach) that is consistent with the observed DO concentration fluctuations near the interface. Data were used from a series of flume experiments that includes both physical and kinetic uptake limitations of the flux. Results indicated that methods for quantifying k and Delta C using the surface renewal theory better estimated the DO flux across a range of fluid-flow conditions. C1 [O'Connor, Ben L.; Harvey, Judson W.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Hondzo, Miki] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Dept Civil Engn, St Anthony Falls Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. RP O'Connor, BL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, EVS 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM boconnor@anl.gov; mhondzo@umn.edu; jwharvey@usgs.gov RI Harvey, Judson/L-2047-2013 OI Harvey, Judson/0000-0002-2654-9873 FU National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in Reston, Virginia; National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA); National Research programs of the USGS; National Center for Earth-surface Dynamics (NCED); Science and Technology Center funded by the Office of Integrative Activities of the National Science Foundation [EAR-0120914]; U. S. Government FX The manuscript was prepared while B. L. O'Connor held a National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Award at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in Reston, Virginia. Funding was provided by the National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) and National Research programs of the USGS, as well as the National Center for Earth-surface Dynamics (NCED), a Science and Technology Center funded by the Office of Integrative Activities of the National Science Foundation (under Grant No. EAR-0120914). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD DEC PY 2009 VL 135 IS 12 BP 1304 EP 1314 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000093 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 521IU UT WOS:000271915100008 ER PT J AU Kamboj, S Cheng, JJ Yu, C Domotor, S Wallo, A AF Kamboj, S. Cheng, J. -J. Yu, C. Domotor, S. Wallo, A. TI Modeling of the EMRAS urban working group hypothetical scenario using the RESRAD-RDD methodology SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE Radiological dispersal device; Urban environment; Building contamination; Modeling; Countermeasures; External exposure AB The RESRAD-RDD methodology was applied to model the short- and long-term radiation exposures after a hypothetical radiological dispersal device (RDD) event in an urban environment. It was assumed that an RDD event would result in outside surface contamination of the exterior walls and roofs of surrounding buildings, as well as associated paved areas and lawns. The contaminants also might move inside the buildings and deposit on floors and interior walls. Some important input parameters include occupancy factors, building characteristics, and weathering of surface contamination. The modeling results include predicted external dose rates, relative contributions from important surfaces, annual and cumulative doses, and radionuclide concentrations. Potential countermeasures evaluated include grass removal, soil removal, and washing of paved areas. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kamboj, S.; Cheng, J. -J.; Yu, C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Domotor, S.; Wallo, A.] US DOE, Washington, DC USA. RP Kamboj, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Bldg 900,9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM skamboj@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Health, Safety and Security [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Health, Safety and Security, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-931X J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV JI J. Environ. Radioact. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 100 IS 12 BP 1012 EP 1018 DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2009.03.018 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 516FS UT WOS:000271528000004 PM 19403213 ER PT J AU Catton, I Wulff, W Zuber, N Rohatgi, U AF Catton, Ivan Wulff, Wolfgang Zuber, Novak Rohatgi, Upendra TI Application of Fractional Scaling Analysis to Loss of Coolant Accidents: Component Level Scaling for Peak Clad Temperature SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE information synthesis; fractional rate of change; fractional scaling; holistic scaling approach; hierarchy of complex system processes AB Fractional scaling analysis (FSA) is demonstrated here at the component level for depressurization of nuclear reactor primary systems undergoing a large-break loss of coolant accident. This paper is the third of a three-part sequence. The first paper by Zuber et al. (2005, "Application of Fractional Scaling Analysis (FSA) to Loss of Coolant Accidents (LOCA), Part 1. Methodology Development," Nucl. Eng. Des., 237, pp. 15931607) introduces the FSA method; the second by Wulff et al. (2005, "Application of Fractional Scaling Methodology (FSM) to Loss of Coolant Accidents (LOCA), Part 2. System Level Scaling for System Depressurization, " ASME J. Fluid Eng., to be published) demonstrates FSA at the system level. This paper demonstrates that a single experiment or trustworthy computer simulation, when properly scaled, suffices for large break loss of coolant accident (LBOCAs) in the primary system of a pressurized water reactor and of all related test facilities. FSA, when applied at the system, component, and process levels, serves to synthesize the world-wide wealth of results from analyses and experiments into compact form for efficient storage, transfer and retrieval of information. This is demonstrated at the component level. It is shown that during LBOCAs, the fuel rod stored energy is the dominant agent of change and that FSA can rank processes quantitatively and thereby objectively in the order of their importance. FSA readily identifies scale distortions. FSA is shown to supercede use of the subjectively implemented phenomena identification and ranking table and to minimize the number of experiments, analyses and computational effort by reducing the evaluation of peak clad temperature (PCT) to a single parameter problem, thus, greatly simplifying uncertainty analysis. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4000370] C1 [Catton, Ivan] UCLA MAE, Los Angeles, CA 90195 USA. [Rohatgi, Upendra] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Catton, I (reprint author), UCLA MAE, POB 951597,48-121 Engn 4, Los Angeles, CA 90195 USA. EM catton@ucla.edu; wolfgangwulff@optonline.net; wulff@bnl.gov; rohatgi@bnl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD DEC PY 2009 VL 131 IS 12 AR 121401 DI 10.1115/1.4000370 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 541DD UT WOS:000273392400007 ER PT J AU Ma, XS Vazhkudai, SS Zhang, Z AF Ma, Xiaosong Vazhkudai, Sudharshan S. Zhang, Zhe TI Improving Data Availability for Better Access Performance: A Study on Caching Scientific Data on Distributed Desktop Workstations SO JOURNAL OF GRID COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Desktop grids; Storage scavenging; Scientific data AB Client-side data caching serves as an excellent mechanism to store and analyze the rapidly growing scientific data, motivating distributed, client-side caches built from unreliable desktop storage contributions to store and access large scientific data. They offer several desirable properties, such as performance impedance matching, improved space utilization, and high parallel I/O bandwidth. In this context, we are faced with two key challenges: (1) the finite amount of contributed cache space is stretched by the ever increasing scientific dataset sizes and (2) the transient nature of volunteered storage nodes impacts data availability. In this article, we address these challenges by exploiting the existence of external, primary copies of datasets. We propose a novel combination of prefix caching, collective download, and remote partial data recovery (RPDR), to deal with optimal cache space consumption and storage node volatility. Our evaluation, performed on our FreeLoader prototype, indicates that prefix caching can significantly improve the cache hit rate and partial data recovery is better than (or comparable to) many persistent-data availability techniques. C1 [Ma, Xiaosong; Zhang, Zhe] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ma, Xiaosong; Vazhkudai, Sudharshan S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Zhang, Z (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM zzhang3@ncsu.edu NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-7873 J9 J GRID COMPUT JI J. Comput. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 7 IS 4 BP 419 EP 438 DI 10.1007/s10723-009-9122-7 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 525VT UT WOS:000272245700002 ER PT J AU Badger, S Campbell, JM Ellis, RK Williams, C AF Badger, Simon Campbell, John M. Ellis, R. Keith Williams, Ciaran TI Analytic results for the one-loop NMHV H(q)over-barqgg amplitude SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Higgs Physics; NLO Computations; Hadronic Colliders; QCD ID SUPER-YANG-MILLS; HIGGS-BOSON; STANDARD MODEL; UNITARITY; SCATTERING; COLLISIONS; JETS; CUT AB We compute the one-loop amplitude for a Higgs boson, a quark-antiquark pair and a pair of gluons of negative helicity, i.e. for the next-to-maximally helicity violating (NMHV) case, A(H, 1((q) over bar)(-), 2(q)(+), 3(g)(-), 4(g)(-)). The calculation is performed using an effective Lagrangian which is valid in the limit of very large top quark mass. As a result of this paper all amplitudes for the transition of a Higgs boson into 4 partons are now known analytically at one-loop order. C1 [Badger, Simon] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Campbell, John M.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Ellis, R. Keith] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Williams, Ciaran] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Badger, S (reprint author), DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM simon.badger@desy.de; j.campbell@physics.gla.ac.uk; ellis@fnal.gov; ciaran.williams@durham.ac.uk OI Badger, Simon/0000-0002-8089-9209 FU STFC studentship; Helmholtz Gemeinschaft [VH-NG-105]; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359] FX We are happy to acknowledge useful discussions with Nigel Glover, Pierpaolo Mastrolia and Giulia Zanderighi. CW acknowledges the award of an STFC studentship and SB acknowledges support from the Helmholtz Gemeinschaft under contract VH-NG-105. Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. NR 61 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 IS 12 AR 035 DI 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/12/035 PG 22 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 543SK UT WOS:000273598500035 ER PT J AU Barger, LV Everett, LL Jiang, J Langacker, P Liu, T Wagner, CEM AF Barger, Large Vernon Everett, Lisa L. Jiang, Jing Langacker, Paul Liu, Tao Wagner, Carlos E. M. TI b -> s transitions in family-dependent U(1)' models SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Beyond Standard Model; B-Physics; CP violation ID CHANGING NEUTRAL CURRENTS; CP-VIOLATION; STANDARD MODEL; BARYON ASYMMETRY; LEPTONIC DECAYS; Z' MODELS; PHYSICS; MESONS; TEMPERATURE; PUZZLE AB We analyze flavor-changing-neutral-current (FCNC) effects in the b -> s transitions that are induced by family non-universal U(1)' gauge symmetries. After systematically developing the necessary formalism, we present a correlated analysis for the Delta B = 1, 2 processes. We adopt a model-independent approach in which we only require family-universal charges for the first and second generations and small fermion mixing angles. We analyze the constraints on the resulting parameter space from B-s - (B) over bar (s) mixing and the time-dependent CP asymmetries of the penguin-dominated B-d -> (pi, phi, eta', rho, omega, f(0)) K-S decays. Our results indicate that the currently observed discrepancies in some of these modes with respect to the Standard Model predictions can be consistently accommodated within this general class of models. C1 [Barger, Large Vernon; Everett, Lisa L.; Jiang, Jing] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Langacker, Paul] Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Liu, Tao; Wagner, Carlos E. M.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Wagner, Carlos E. M.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Wagner, Carlos E. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Barger, LV (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM barger@pheno.wisc.edu; leverett@wisc.edu; jiangj07@gmail.com; pgl@ias.edu; taoliu@theory.uchicago.edu; cwagner@hep.anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Div. of HEP [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-90ER40560, DE-FG02-95ER40896]; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Fermi-McCormick Fellowship; IBM Einstein Fellowship; NSF [PHY-0503584] FX We thank Cheng-Wei Chiang and Jonathan L. Rosner for useful discussions. Work at ANL is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Div. of HEP, Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. Work at EFI is supported in part by the DOE through Grant No. DE-FG02-90ER40560. Work at the U. Wisconsin, Madison is supported by the DOE through Grant No. DE-FG02-95ER40896 and the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation. T. L. is also supported by the Fermi-McCormick Fellowship. The work of P. L. is supported by the IBM Einstein Fellowship and by NSF grant PHY-0503584. NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 IS 12 AR 048 DI 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/12/048 PG 32 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 543SK UT WOS:000273598500048 ER PT J AU Benini, F Dymarsky, A Franco, S Kachru, S Simic, D Verlinde, H AF Benini, Francesco Dymarsky, Anatoly Franco, Sebastian Kachru, Shamit Simic, Dusan Verlinde, Herman TI Holographic gauge mediation SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Supersymmetry Breaking; Gauge-gravity correspondence ID DYNAMICAL SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; STRING THEORY; GRAVITY; MODEL AB We discuss gravitational backgrounds where supersymmetry is broken at the end of a warped throat, and the SUSY-breaking is transmitted to the Standard Model via gauginos which live in (part of) the bulk of the throat geometry. We find that the leading effect arises from splittings of certain "messenger mesons," which are adjoint KK-modes of the D-branes supporting the Standard Model gauge group. This picture is a gravity dual of a strongly coupled field theory where SUSY is broken in a hidden sector and transmitted to the Standard Model via a relative of semi-direct gauge mediation. C1 [Benini, Francesco; Verlinde, Herman] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Dymarsky, Anatoly; Verlinde, Herman] Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Franco, Sebastian; Kachru, Shamit] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kachru, Shamit] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kachru, Shamit; Simic, Dusan] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kachru, Shamit; Simic, Dusan] Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kachru, Shamit; Simic, Dusan] Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Benini, F (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM fbenini@Princeton.edu; dymarsky@ias.edu; sfranco@kitp.ucsb.edu; skachru@kitp.ucsb.edu; simic@stanford.edu; verlinde@Princeton.edu RI Dymarsky, Anatoly/S-2084-2016; OI Dymarsky, Anatoly/0000-0001-5762-6774 FU Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics; NSF [PHY-0244728, PHY05-51164, PHY-0756966]; DOE [DE-AC03-76SF00515, DE-FG02-91ER40671]; RFBR [07-02-00878]; Grant for Support of Scientific Schools [NSh-3035.2008.2]; Mayfield Stanford Graduate Fellowship; Einstein Fellowship of the Institute for Advanced Study FX S. F. would like to thank A. Uranga for useful conversations. H. V. acknowledges helpful discussions with M. Buican, G. Shiu, Z. Komargodski, D. Malyshev, N. Seiberg, D. Shih, T. Volansky, and B. Wecht. S. K. thanks S. Dimopoulos, T. Gherghetta, D. Green, L. McAllister, M. Mulligan, Y. Nomura, G. Shiu and J. Wacker for interesting discussions about related subjects over an extended period of time. A. D., S. F., S. K. and H. V. acknowledge the hospitality of the Institute for Advanced Study while this work was in progress. S. F. and S. K. are also grateful to the Aspen Center for Physics and S. K. to the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics. A. D., S. K. and D. S. are supported by the Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, the NSF under grant PHY-0244728, and the DOE under contract DE-AC03-76SF00515. The research of A. D. is also supported in part by grant RFBR 07-02-00878, and Grant for Support of Scientific Schools NSh-3035.2008.2. The research of D. S. is also supported by the Mayfield Stanford Graduate Fellowship. S. F. is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY05-51164. F. B. is supported by the US Department of Energy under grant No. DE-FG02-91ER40671. The research of H. V. is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-0756966 and by an Einstein Fellowship of the Institute for Advanced Study. NR 59 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 IS 12 AR 031 DI 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/12/031 PG 37 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 543SK UT WOS:000273598500031 ER PT J AU Chekanov, S Derrick, M Magill, S Musgrave, B Nicholass, D Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Cindolo, F Corradi, M Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Nania, R Polini, A Antonelli, S Basile, M Bindi, M Cifarelli, L Contin, A De Pasquale, S Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Bartsch, D Brock, I Hartmann, H Hilger, E Jakob, HP Jungst, M Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Paul, E Samson, U Schonberg, V Shehzadi, R Wlasenko, M Morris, JD Kaur, M Kaur, P Singh, I Capua, M Fazio, S Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Tassi, E Kim, JY Ibrahim, ZA Idris, FM Kamaluddin, B Abdullah, WATW Ning, Y Ren, Z Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Pawlik, B Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Lukasik, J Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Kotanski, A Slominski, W Behnke, O Behr, J Behrens, U Blohm, C Borras, K Bot, D Ciesielski, R Coppola, N Fang, S Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Grebenyuk, J Gregor, I Haas, T Hain, W Huttmann, A Januschek, F Kahle, B Katkov, II Klein, U Kotz, U Kowalski, H Lisovyi, M Lobodzinska, E Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Miglioranzi, S Montanari, A Namsoo, T Notz, D Parenti, A Roloff, P Rubinsky, I Schneekloth, U Spiridonov, A Szuba, D Szuba, J Theedt, T Tomaszewska, J Wolf, G Wrona, K Yagues-Molina, AG Youngman, C Zeuner, W Drugakov, V Lohmann, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Dobur, D Karstens, F Vlasov, NN Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Forrest, M Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Papageorgiu, K Holm, U Klanner, R Lohrmann, E Perrey, H Schleper, P Schorner-Sadenius, T Sztuk, J Stadie, H Turcato, M Long, KR Tapper, AD Matsumoto, T Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Aushev, V Bachynska, O Borodin, M Kadenko, I Kuprash, O Libov, V Lontkovskyi, D Makarenko, I Sorokin, I Verbytskyi, A Volynets, O Zolko, M Son, D de Favereau, J Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Jimenez, M del Peso, J Ron, E Terron, J Uribe-Estrada, C Corriveau, F Schwartz, J Zhou, C Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Stifutkin, A Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Golubkov, YA Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, DS Abt, I Caldwell, A Kollar, D Reisert, B Schmidke, WB Grigorescu, G Keramidas, A Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Pellegrino, A Tiecke, H Vazquez, M Wiggers, L Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Lee, A Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Ferrando, J Foster, B Gwenlan, C Horton, K Oliver, K Robertson, A Walczak, R Bertolin, A Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Longhin, A Stanco, L Brugnera, R Carlin, R Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Oh, BY Raval, A Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Hart, JC Abramowicz, H Ingbir, R Kananov, S Levy, A Stern, A Ishitsuka, M Kanno, T Kuze, M Maeda, J Hori, R Kagawa, S Okazaki, N Shimizu, S Tawara, T Hamatsu, R Kaji, H Kitamura, S Ota, O Ri, YD Costa, M Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Sola, V Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Fourletov, S Martin, JF Stewart, TP Boutle, SK Butterworth, JM Jones, TW Loizides, JH Wing, M Brzozowska, B Ciborowski, J Grzelak, G Kulinski, P Luzniak, P Malka, J Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Perlanski, W Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Brownson, E Reeder, DD Savin, AA Smith, WH Wolfe, H Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Hartner, G Noor, U Whyte, J AF Chekanov, S. Derrick, M. Magill, S. Musgrave, B. Nicholass, D. Repond, J. Yoshida, R. Mattingly, M. C. K. Antonioli, P. Bari, G. Bellagamba, L. Boscherini, D. Bruni, A. Bruni, G. Cindolo, F. Corradi, M. Iacobucci, G. Margotti, A. Nania, R. Polini, A. Antonelli, S. Basile, M. Bindi, M. Cifarelli, L. Contin, A. De Pasquale, S. Sartorelli, G. Zichichi, A. Bartsch, D. Brock, I. Hartmann, H. Hilger, E. Jakob, H. -P. Juengst, M. Nuncio-Quiroz, A. E. Paul, E. Samson, U. Schoenberg, V. Shehzadi, R. Wlasenko, M. Morris, J. D. Kaur, M. Kaur, P. Singh, I. Capua, M. Fazio, S. Mastroberardino, A. Schioppa, M. Susinno, G. Tassi, E. Kim, J. Y. Ibrahim, Z. A. Idris, F. Mohamad Kamaluddin, B. Abdullah, W. A. T. Wan Ning, Y. Ren, Z. Sciulli, F. Chwastowski, J. Eskreys, A. Figiel, J. Galas, A. Olkiewicz, K. Pawlik, B. Stopa, P. Zawiejski, L. Adamczyk, L. Bold, T. Grabowska-Bold, I. Kisielewska, D. Lukasik, J. Przybycien, M. Suszycki, L. Kotanski, A. Slominski, W. Behnke, O. Behr, J. Behrens, U. Blohm, C. Borras, K. Bot, D. Ciesielski, R. Coppola, N. Fang, S. Geiser, A. Goettlicher, P. Grebenyuk, J. Gregor, I. Haas, T. Hain, W. Huettmann, A. Januschek, F. Kahle, B. Katkov, I. I. Klein, U. Koetz, U. Kowalski, H. Lisovyi, M. Lobodzinska, E. Loehr, B. Mankel, R. Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A. Miglioranzi, S. Montanari, A. Namsoo, T. Notz, D. Parenti, A. Roloff, P. Rubinsky, I. Schneekloth, U. Spiridonov, A. Szuba, D. Szuba, J. Theedt, T. Tomaszewska, J. Wolf, G. Wrona, K. Yaguees-Molina, A. G. Youngman, C. Zeuner, W. Drugakov, V. Lohmann, W. Schlenstedt, S. Barbagli, G. Gallo, E. Pelfer, P. G. Bamberger, A. Dobur, D. Karstens, F. Vlasov, N. N. Bussey, P. J. Doyle, A. T. Forrest, M. Saxon, D. H. Skillicorn, I. O. Gialas, I. Papageorgiu, K. Holm, U. Klanner, R. Lohrmann, E. Perrey, H. Schleper, P. Schoerner-Sadenius, T. Sztuk, J. Stadie, H. Turcato, M. Long, K. R. Tapper, A. D. Matsumoto, T. Nagano, K. Tokushuku, K. Yamada, S. Yamazaki, Y. Barakbaev, A. N. Boos, E. G. Pokrovskiy, N. S. Zhautykov, B. O. Aushev, V. Bachynska, O. Borodin, M. Kadenko, I. Kuprash, O. Libov, V. Lontkovskyi, D. Makarenko, I. Sorokin, Iu. Verbytskyi, A. Volynets, O. Zolko, M. Son, D. de Favereau, J. Piotrzkowski, K. Barreiro, F. Glasman, C. Jimenez, M. del Peso, J. Ron, E. Terron, J. Uribe-Estrada, C. Corriveau, F. Schwartz, J. Zhou, C. Tsurugai, T. Antonov, A. Dolgoshein, B. A. Gladkov, D. Sosnovtsev, V. Stifutkin, A. Suchkov, S. Dementiev, R. K. Ermolov, P. F. Gladilin, L. K. Golubkov, Yu. A. Khein, L. A. Korzhavina, I. A. Kuzmin, V. A. Levchenko, B. B. Lukina, O. Yu. Proskuryakov, A. S. Shcheglova, L. M. Zotkin, D. S. Abt, I. Caldwell, A. Kollar, D. Reisert, B. Schmidke, W. B. Grigorescu, G. Keramidas, A. Koffeman, E. Kooijman, P. Pellegrino, A. Tiecke, H. Vazquez, M. Wiggers, L. Bruemmer, N. Bylsma, B. Durkin, L. S. Lee, A. Ling, T. Y. Cooper-Sarkar, A. M. Devenish, R. C. E. Ferrando, J. Foster, B. Gwenlan, C. Horton, K. Oliver, K. Robertson, A. Walczak, R. Bertolin, A. Dal Corso, F. Dusini, S. Longhin, A. Stanco, L. Brugnera, R. Carlin, R. Garfagnini, A. Limentani, S. Oh, B. Y. Raval, A. Whitmore, J. J. Iga, Y. D'Agostini, G. Marini, G. Nigro, A. Hart, J. C. Abramowicz, H. Ingbir, R. Kananov, S. Levy, A. Stern, A. Ishitsuka, M. Kanno, T. Kuze, M. Maeda, J. Hori, R. Kagawa, S. Okazaki, N. Shimizu, S. Tawara, T. Hamatsu, R. Kaji, H. Kitamura, S. Ota, O. Ri, Y. D. Costa, M. Ferrero, M. I. Monaco, V. Sacchi, R. Sola, V. Solano, A. Arneodo, M. Ruspa, M. Fourletov, S. Martin, J. F. Stewart, T. P. Boutle, S. K. Butterworth, J. M. Jones, T. W. Loizides, J. H. Wing, M. Brzozowska, B. Ciborowski, J. Grzelak, G. Kulinski, P. Luzniak, P. Malka, J. Nowak, R. J. Pawlak, J. M. Perlanski, W. Zarnecki, A. F. Adamus, M. Plucinski, P. Eisenberg, Y. Hochman, D. Karshon, U. Brownson, E. Reeder, D. D. Savin, A. A. Smith, W. H. Wolfe, H. Bhadra, S. Catterall, C. D. Hartner, G. Noor, U. Whyte, J. CA ZEUS Collaboration TI Measurement of J/psi helicity distributions in inelastic photoproduction at HERA SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Lepton-Nucleon Scattering ID CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; DESIGN; CONSTRUCTION; GLUONS; ENERGY; POLARIZATION; QUARKONIUM; LUMINOSITY; PHYSICS AB The J/psi decay angular distributions have been measured in inelastic photoproduction in ep collisions with the ZEUS detector at HERA, using an integrated luminosity of 468 pb(-1). The range in photon-proton centre-of-mass energy, W, was 50 < W < 180 GeV. The J/psi mesons were identified through their decay into muon pairs. The polar and azimuthal angles of the mu(+) were measured in the J/psi rest frame and compared to theoretical predictions at leading and next-to-leading order in QCD. C1 [Chekanov, S.; Derrick, M.; Magill, S.; Musgrave, B.; Nicholass, D.; Repond, J.; Yoshida, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mattingly, M. C. K.] Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. [Antonioli, P.; Bari, G.; Bellagamba, L.; Boscherini, D.; Bruni, A.; Bruni, G.; Cindolo, F.; Corradi, M.; Iacobucci, G.; Margotti, A.; Nania, R.; Polini, A.; Antonelli, S.; Basile, M.; Bindi, M.; Cifarelli, L.; Contin, A.; De Pasquale, S.; Sartorelli, G.; Zichichi, A.] INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Antonelli, S.; Basile, M.; Bindi, M.; Cifarelli, L.; Contin, A.; De Pasquale, S.; Sartorelli, G.; Zichichi, A.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Bartsch, D.; Brock, I.; Hartmann, H.; Hilger, E.; Jakob, H. -P.; Juengst, M.; Nuncio-Quiroz, A. E.; Paul, E.; Samson, U.; Schoenberg, V.; Shehzadi, R.; Wlasenko, M.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. [Morris, J. D.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Kaur, M.; Kaur, P.; Singh, I.] Panjab Univ, Dept Phys, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Kaur, P.; Singh, I.; Abramowicz, H.] Max Planck Inst, Munich, Germany. [Capua, M.; Fazio, S.; Mastroberardino, A.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy. [Capua, M.; Fazio, S.; Mastroberardino, A.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. [Kim, J. Y.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. [Ibrahim, Z. A.; Idris, F. Mohamad; Kamaluddin, B.; Abdullah, W. A. T. Wan] Univ Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. [Ning, Y.; Ren, Z.; Sciulli, F.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10027 USA. [Chwastowski, J.; Eskreys, A.; Figiel, J.; Galas, A.; Olkiewicz, K.; Pawlik, B.; Stopa, P.; Zawiejski, L.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Adamczyk, L.; Bold, T.; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Kisielewska, D.; Lukasik, J.; Przybycien, M.; Suszycki, L.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. [Kotanski, A.; Slominski, W.] Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Behnke, O.; Behr, J.; Behrens, U.; Blohm, C.; Borras, K.; Bot, D.; Ciesielski, R.; Coppola, N.; Fang, S.; Geiser, A.; Goettlicher, P.; Grebenyuk, J.; Gregor, I.; Haas, T.; Hain, W.; Huettmann, A.; Januschek, F.; Kahle, B.; Katkov, I. I.; Klein, U.; Koetz, U.; Kowalski, H.; Lisovyi, M.; Lobodzinska, E.; Loehr, B.; Mankel, R.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Miglioranzi, S.; Montanari, A.; Namsoo, T.; Notz, D.; Parenti, A.; Roloff, P.; Rubinsky, I.; Schneekloth, U.; Spiridonov, A.; Szuba, D.; Szuba, J.; Theedt, T.; Tomaszewska, J.; Wolf, G.; Wrona, K.; Yaguees-Molina, A. G.; Youngman, C.; Zeuner, W.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Dementiev, R. K.; Ermolov, P. F.; Gladilin, L. K.; Golubkov, Yu. A.; Khein, L. A.; Korzhavina, I. A.; Kuzmin, V. A.; Levchenko, B. B.; Lukina, O. Yu.; Proskuryakov, A. S.; Shcheglova, L. M.; Zotkin, D. S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Spiridonov, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Szuba, D.] INP, Krakow, Poland. [Szuba, J.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, Krakow, Poland. [Drugakov, V.; Lohmann, W.; Schlenstedt, S.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. [Barbagli, G.; Gallo, E.; Pelfer, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Pelfer, P. G.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Bamberger, A.; Dobur, D.; Karstens, F.; Vlasov, N. N.] Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. [Bussey, P. J.; Doyle, A. T.; Forrest, M.; Saxon, D. H.; Skillicorn, I. O.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Gialas, I.; Papageorgiu, K.] Univ Aegean, Dept Engn Management & Finance, Chios, Greece. [Gialas, I.; Boutle, S. K.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Holm, U.; Klanner, R.; Lohrmann, E.; Perrey, H.; Schleper, P.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Sztuk, J.; Stadie, H.; Turcato, M.; Wing, M.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Long, K. R.; Tapper, A. D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. [Matsumoto, T.; Nagano, K.; Tokushuku, K.; Yamada, S.; Yamazaki, Y.] Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Hori, R.; Kagawa, S.; Okazaki, N.; Shimizu, S.; Tawara, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Barakbaev, A. N.; Boos, E. G.; Pokrovskiy, N. S.; Zhautykov, B. O.] Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Phys & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. [Aushev, V.; Bachynska, O.; Borodin, M.; Kadenko, I.; Kuprash, O.; Libov, V.; Lontkovskyi, D.; Makarenko, I.; Sorokin, Iu.; Verbytskyi, A.; Volynets, O.; Zolko, M.] Natl Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Kiev, Ukraine. [Aushev, V.; Bachynska, O.; Borodin, M.; Kadenko, I.; Kuprash, O.; Libov, V.; Lontkovskyi, D.; Makarenko, I.; Sorokin, Iu.; Verbytskyi, A.; Volynets, O.; Zolko, M.] Kiev Natl Univ, Kiev, Ukraine. [Son, D.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu, South Korea. [de Favereau, J.; Piotrzkowski, K.] Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Phys Nucl, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. [Barreiro, F.; Glasman, C.; Jimenez, M.; del Peso, J.; Ron, E.; Terron, J.; Uribe-Estrada, C.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. [Corriveau, F.; Schwartz, J.; Zhou, C.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Tsurugai, T.] Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Antonov, A.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Gladkov, D.; Sosnovtsev, V.; Stifutkin, A.; Suchkov, S.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Abt, I.; Caldwell, A.; Kollar, D.; Reisert, B.; Schmidke, W. B.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Grigorescu, G.; Keramidas, A.; Koffeman, E.; Kooijman, P.; Pellegrino, A.; Tiecke, H.; Vazquez, M.; Wiggers, L.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Grigorescu, G.; Keramidas, A.; Koffeman, E.; Kooijman, P.; Pellegrino, A.; Tiecke, H.; Vazquez, M.; Wiggers, L.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bruemmer, N.; Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Lee, A.; Ling, T. Y.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Devenish, R. C. E.; Ferrando, J.; Foster, B.; Gwenlan, C.; Horton, K.; Oliver, K.; Robertson, A.; Walczak, R.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Bertolin, A.; Dal Corso, F.; Dusini, S.; Longhin, A.; Stanco, L.; Brugnera, R.; Carlin, R.; Garfagnini, A.; Limentani, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. [Brugnera, R.; Carlin, R.; Garfagnini, A.; Limentani, S.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. [Oh, B. Y.; Raval, A.; Whitmore, J. J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Iga, Y.] Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. [D'Agostini, G.; Marini, G.; Nigro, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. [D'Agostini, G.; Marini, G.; Nigro, A.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Hart, J. C.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Abramowicz, H.; Ingbir, R.; Kananov, S.; Levy, A.; Stern, A.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Ishitsuka, M.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.; Maeda, J.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [Hamatsu, R.; Kaji, H.; Kitamura, S.; Ota, O.; Ri, Y. D.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Costa, M.; Ferrero, M. I.; Monaco, V.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Arneodo, M.; Ruspa, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Costa, M.; Ferrero, M. I.; Monaco, V.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arneodo, M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. [Fourletov, S.; Martin, J. F.; Stewart, T. P.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Antonov, A.; Boutle, S. K.; Butterworth, J. M.; Jones, T. W.; Loizides, J. H.; Wing, M.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Brzozowska, B.; Ciborowski, J.; Grzelak, G.; Kulinski, P.; Luzniak, P.; Malka, J.; Nowak, R. J.; Pawlak, J. M.; Perlanski, W.; Zarnecki, A. F.] Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Ciborowski, J.] Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. [Adamus, M.; Plucinski, P.] Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Eisenberg, Y.; Hochman, D.; Karshon, U.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Brownson, E.; Reeder, D. D.; Savin, A. A.; Smith, W. H.; Wolfe, H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bhadra, S.; Catterall, C. D.; Hartner, G.; Noor, U.; Whyte, J.] York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. RP Chekanov, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; IBRAHIM, ZAINOL ABIDIN/C-1121-2010; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; WAN ABDULLAH, WAN AHMAD TAJUDDIN/B-5439-2010; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Korzhavina, Irina/D-6848-2012; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; OI Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132 NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 IS 12 AR 007 DI 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/12/007 PG 22 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 543SK UT WOS:000273598500007 ER PT J AU Freivogel, B Kleban, M AF Freivogel, Ben Kleban, Matthew TI A conformal field theory for eternal inflation? SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Gauge-gravity correspondence; dS vacua in string theory; Conformal Field Models in String Theory; Space-Time Symmetries AB We study a statistical model defined by a conformally invariant distribution of overlapping spheres in arbitrary dimension d. The model arises as the asymptotic distribution of cosmic bubbles in d + 1 dimensional de Sitter space, and also as the asymptotic distribution of bubble collisions with the domain wall of a fiducial "observation bubble" in d + 2 dimensional de Sitter space. In this note we calculate the 2-, 3-, and 4-point correlation functions of exponentials of the "bubble number operator" analytically in d = 2. We find that these correlators are free of infrared divergences, covariant under the global conformal group, charge conserving, and transform with positive conformal dimensions that are related in a novel way to the charge. Although by themselves these operators probably do not define a full-fledged conformal field theory, one can use the partition function on a sphere to compute an approximate central charge in the 2D case. The theory in any dimension has a noninteracting limit when the nucleation rate of the bubbles in the bulk is very large. The theory in two dimensions is related to some models of continuum percolation, but it is conformal for all values of the tunneling rate. C1 [Freivogel, Ben] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Freivogel, Ben] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kleban, Matthew] NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Freivogel, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM freivogel@berkeley.edu; mk161@nyu.edu OI Kleban, Matthew/0000-0002-1889-2487 FU NSF CAREER [PHY-0645435, 0349351]; Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We would like to thank Raphael Bousso, Paul Golbart, Alexander Grossberg, Andrei Gruzinov, Joanna Karczmarek, Xiao Liu, Juan Maldacena, Yu Nakayama, Alberto Nicolis, Massimo Porrati, Kris Sigurdson, Dan Stein, Lenny Susskind, I-Sheng Yang, Alex Vilenkin, and Bob Ziff for discussions. We are especially grateful to Gaston Giribet, Simeon Heller-man, Peter Kleban, and Steve Shenker for very helpful conservations. The work of MK is supported by NSF CAREER grant PHY-0645435. BF is supported by the Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics, by a CAREER grant (award number 0349351) of the National Science Foundation, and by the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. MK and BF would like to thank the Aspen Center for Physics and the Banff International Research Station, where this work was initiated, for their hospitality. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 IS 12 AR 019 DI 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/12/019 PG 31 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 543SK UT WOS:000273598500019 ER PT J AU Poppitz, E Unsal, M AF Poppitz, Erich Uensal, Mithat TI Conformality or confinement (II): one-flavor CFTs and mixed-representation QCD SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Confinement; Solitons Monopoles and Instantons; Duality in Gauge Field Theories; Lattice Gauge Field Theories ID GAUGE-THEORIES; PHASE-TRANSITION; QUARK CONFINEMENT; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; INSTANTONS; DIMENSIONS; MONOPOLES AB We study QCD-like four dimensional theories in the theoretically controlled framework of deformation theory and/or twisted partition function on S-1 x R-3. By using duality, we show that a class of one-flavor theories exhibit new physical phenomena: discrete chiral symmetry breaking (chi SB) induced by the condensation of topological disorder operators, and confinement and the generation of mass gap due to new non-selfdual topological excitations. In the R-4 limit, we argue that the mass gap disappears, the chi SB vacua are of runaway type, and the theory flows to a CFT. We also study mixed-representation theories and find abelian chi SB by topological operators charged under abelian chiral symmetries. These are reminiscent to, but distinct, from Seiberg-Witten theory with matter, where 4d monopoles have non-abelian chiral charge. This examination also helps us refine our recent bounds on the conformal window. In an appendix, we also discuss mixed vectorlike/chiral representation theories, obtain bounds on their conformal windows, and compare with the all-order beta function results of arXiv:0911.0931. C1 [Poppitz, Erich] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Uensal, Mithat] Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94025 USA. [Uensal, Mithat] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94025 USA. RP Poppitz, E (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. EM poppitz@physics.utoronto.ca; unsal@slac.stanford.edu NR 43 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 IS 12 AR 011 DI 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/12/011 PG 33 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 543SK UT WOS:000273598500011 ER PT J AU Carpenter, AC Gardner, KH AF Carpenter, Alberta C. Gardner, Kevin H. TI Use of Industrial By-Products in Urban Roadway Infrastructure SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE beneficial use; industrial capital management; industrial ecology; life cycle assessment (LCA); road construction; transportation impacts ID LIFE-CYCLE; CONSTRUCTION; IMPACTS; WASTE AB P>Incorporating the beneficial use of industrial by-products into the industrial ecology of an urban region as a substitute or supplement for natural aggregate can potentially reduce life cycle impacts. This article specifically looks at the utilization of industrial by-products (IBPs) (coal ash, foundry sand, and foundry slag) as aggregate for roadway sub-base construction for the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, urban region. The scenarios compare the use of virgin aggregate with the use of a combination of both virgin and IBP aggregate, where the aggregate material is selected based on proximity to the construction site and allows for minimization of transportation impacts. The results indicate that the use of IBPs to supplement virgin aggregate on a regional level has the potential of reducing impacts related to energy use, global warming potential, and emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO(x)), sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), carbon monoxide (CO), PM(10) (particulate matter-10 microns), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb). Regional management of industrial by-products would allow for the incorporation of these materials into the industrial ecology of a region and reduce impacts from the disposal of the IBP materials and the extraction of virgin materials and minimize the impacts from transportation. The combination of reduced economic and environmental costs provides a strong argument for state transportation agencies to develop symbiotic relationships with large IBP producers in their regions to minimize impacts associated with roadway construction and maintenance-with the additional benefit of improved management of these materials. C1 [Gardner, Kevin H.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Carpenter, AC (reprint author), NREL, 1617 Cole Blvd,Mailstop 5202, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM alberta.carpenter@nrel.gov RI Gardner, Kevin/A-8064-2011 FU Recycled Materials Resource Center; Federal Highway Administration; University of New Hampshire FX This work was supported in part by the Recycled Materials Resource Center, a partnership between the Federal Highway Administration and the University of New Hampshire. Many thanks to Michael Routhier of the University of New Hampshire Complex System Research Center for his assistance in the GIS analysis portion of this study. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1088-1980 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 13 IS 6 BP 965 EP 977 DI 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2009.00175.x PG 13 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 533PT UT WOS:000272837400011 ER PT J AU Alexopoulos, T Altintas, AA Alviggi, M Arik, M Cetin, SA Chernyatine, V Cheu, E Della Volpe, D Dris, M Fassouliotis, D Gazis, EN Giordano, R Gratchev, V Guan, L Iengo, P Ioannou, P Li, C Johns, K Kaushik, V Khodinov, A Kourkoumelis, C Maltezos, S Mermigka, K Muller, H Nikolopoulos, K Park, W Persembe, S Petridou, C Petti, R Polychronakos, V Purohit, MV Sampsonidis, D Sekhniaidze, G Shao, M Sun, YJ Tsipolitis, G Veenhof, R Wang, XL Wotschack, J Wu, SX Zhao, T Zhao, ZG AF Alexopoulos, T. Altintas, A. A. Alviggi, M. Arik, M. Cetin, S. A. Chernyatine, V. Cheu, E. Della Volpe, D. Dris, M. Fassouliotis, D. Gazis, E. N. Giordano, R. Gratchev, V. Guan, L. Iengo, P. Ioannou, P. Li, C. Johns, K. Kaushik, V. Khodinov, A. Kourkoumelis, C. Maltezos, S. Mermigka, K. Mueller, H. Nikolopoulos, K. Park, W. Persembe, S. Petridou, C. Petti, R. Polychronakos, V. Purohit, M. V. Sampsonidis, D. Sekhniaidze, G. Shao, M. Sun, Y. J. Tsipolitis, G. Veenhof, R. Wang, X. L. Wotschack, J. Wu, S. X. Zhao, T. Zhao, Z. G. TI The ATLAS muon Micromegas R&D project: towards large-size chambers for the s-LHC SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Micro Pattern Gaseous Detectors CY JUN 12-DEC 15, 2009 CL Kolympari, GREECE DE Muon spectrometers; Micropattern gaseous detectors (MSGC, GEM, THGEM; RETHGEM, MICROMEGAS, InGrid, etc); Trigger detetectors; Particle tracking detectors (Gaseous detectors) ID GASEOUS DETECTOR AB Detectors based on the bulk-Micromegas technology exhibit position resolution better than 100 m m at counting rates of up to several tens of kHz/cm(2), along with trigger capabilities. These characteristics, combined with the detector's mechanical robustness and the possibility for cost-effective industrial production, makes them a promising candidate for the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer upgrade in a future luminosity enhancement of the LHC. The R&D project status will be presented together with the obtained results in the effort to define the baseline system specifications. C1 [Fassouliotis, D.; Ioannou, P.; Kourkoumelis, C.; Nikolopoulos, K.] Univ Athens, Ilissia 15771, Greece. [Alexopoulos, T.; Dris, M.; Gazis, E. N.; Maltezos, S.; Mermigka, K.; Tsipolitis, G.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Athens 15780, Greece. [Altintas, A. A.; Arik, M.; Persembe, S.] Bogazici Univ Istanbul, TR-34342 Bebek, Turkey. [Alviggi, M.; Della Volpe, D.; Giordano, R.; Sekhniaidze, G.] Univ Naples Federico 2, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Cetin, S. A.] Dogus Univ Istanbul, TR-34722 Istanbul, Turkey. [Chernyatine, V.; Nikolopoulos, K.; Polychronakos, V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Cheu, E.; Johns, K.; Kaushik, V.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Gratchev, V.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. [Guan, L.; Li, C.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y. J.; Wang, X. L.; Wu, S. X.; Zhao, Z. G.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Iengo, P.] CNRS, IN2P3, LAPP, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Khodinov, A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Mueller, H.; Wotschack, J.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Park, W.; Petti, R.; Purohit, M. V.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Univ Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. [Veenhof, R.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Nikolopoulos, K (reprint author), Univ Athens, Ilissia 15771, Greece. EM konstantinos.nikolopoulos@cern.ch RI Altintas, Azmi/F-1595-2014; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/D-6269-2015; OI Altintas, Azmi/0000-0003-2383-4705; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Della Volpe, Domenico/0000-0001-8530-7447 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 4 AR P12015 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/P12015 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 540OC UT WOS:000273342200004 ER PT J AU Moore, RS Jansson, A Shiltsev, V AF Moore, R. S. Jansson, A. Shiltsev, V. TI Beam instrumentation for the Tevatron collider SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Instrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings - high energy (linear accelerators, synchrotrons); Instrumentation for synchrotron radiation accelerators; Beam-line instrumentation (beam position and profile monitors; beam-intensity monitors; bunch length monitors) ID TRACKING AB The Tevatron in Collider Run II (2001-present) is operating with six times more bunches and many times higher beam intensities and luminosities than in Run I (1992-1995). Beam diagnostics were crucial for the machine start-up and the never-ending luminosity upgrade campaign. We present the overall picture of the Tevatron diagnostics development for Run II, outline machine needs for new instrumentation, present several notable examples that led to Tevatron performance improvements, and discuss the lessons for future colliders. C1 [Moore, R. S.; Jansson, A.; Shiltsev, V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Moore, RS (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM ronmoore@fnal.gov FU Fermi Research Alliance, LLC [DE-AC02-07CH11359] FX Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 4 AR P12018 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/P12018 PG 24 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 540OC UT WOS:000273342200001 ER PT J AU Bizarri, G Moses, WW Singh, J Vasil'ev, AN Williams, RT AF Bizarri, G. Moses, W. W. Singh, J. Vasil'ev, A. N. Williams, R. T. TI The role of different linear and non-linear channels of relaxation in scintillator non-proportionality SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Luminescence and Optical Spectroscopy of Condensed Matter (ICL'08) CY JUL 07-11, 2008 CL Univ Lumiere L:yon 2, Lyon, FRANCE SP Lyon 1, cnrs, lpcm, Univ Lyon HO Univ Lumiere L:yon 2 DE Scintillators; Ionization radiation; Scintillator non-proportionality ID MEAN FREE PATHS; CHARGED PARTICLES; SIMPLE-MODEL; LIGHT YIELD; ENERGY; NONPROPORTIONALITY AB The non-proportional dependence of a scintillator's light yield on primary particle energy is believed to be influenced crucially by the interplay of non-linear kinetic terms in the radiative and non-radiative decay of excitations versus locally deposited excitation density. A calculation of energy deposition, -dE/dx, along the electron track for Nal is Presented for an energy range from several election-volt to 1 MeV. Such results can be used to specify an initial excitation distribution, if diffusion is neglected. All exactly solvable two-channel (exciton and hole(electron)) model containing 1st and 2nd order kinetic terms is constructed and used to illustrate important features seen in non-proportional light-yield curves, including a dependence on pulse shaping (detection gate width). (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Vasil'ev, A. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Bizarri, G.; Moses, W. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Singh, J.] Charles Darwin Univ, Fac EHS, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia. [Williams, R. T.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Phys, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Vasil'ev, AN (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119991, Russia. RI Vasil'ev, Andrey/E-4350-2012 OI Vasil'ev, Andrey/0000-0002-7493-7619 NR 18 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 129 IS 12 BP 1790 EP 1793 DI 10.1016/j.jlumin.2008.12.024 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 519KM UT WOS:000271765300093 ER PT J AU Mao, KM Pruski, M AF Mao, Kanmi Pruski, Marek TI Directly and indirectly detected through-bond heteronuclear correlation solid-state NMR spectroscopy under fast MAS SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE Solid-state NMR; J-coupling; Fast MAS; HETCOR; INEPT; PMLG; Indirect detection; Peptide; Coal ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ANGLE-SPINNING NMR; FUNCTIONALIZED MESOPOROUS SILICAS; SENSITIVITY ENHANCEMENT; DECOUPLING SEQUENCES; PROTON SPECTROSCOPY; ROTATING SOLIDS; PULSE SEQUENCES; C-13 NMR; RESOLUTION AB Two-dimensional through-bond (1)H{(13)C} Solid-state NMR experiments utilizing fast magic angle spinning (MAS) and homonuclear multipulse (1)H decoupling are presented. Remarkable efficiency of polarization transfer can be achieved at MAS rates exceeding 40 kHz, which is instrumental in these measurements. Schemes utilizing direct and indirect detection of heteronuclei are compared in terms of resolution and sensitivity. A simple procedure for optimization of (1)H homonuclear decoupling sequences under these conditions is proposed. The capabilities of these techniques were confirmed on two naturally abundant solids, tripeptide N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (f-MLF-OH) and brown coal. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Pruski, Marek] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Pruski, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, 230 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mpruski@iastate.edu FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This research was supported at the Ames Laboratory by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. The authors thank Drs. S. Vega, J.-P. Amoureux and M. Hong for helpful discussions and Dr. J. Wiench for experimental assistance. The sample of brown coal was kindly provided by Prof. D. Michel. NR 44 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 25 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 201 IS 2 BP 165 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.09.004 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 522OC UT WOS:000272006600007 PM 19833538 ER PT J AU Marian, J Martinez, E Lee, HJ Wirth, BD AF Marian, Jaime Martinez, Enrique Lee, Hyon-Jee Wirth, Brian D. TI Micro/meso-scale computational study of dislocation-stacking-fault tetrahedron interactions in copper SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; DEFECT INTERACTIONS; ATOMIC-SCALE; SCREW DISLOCATIONS; TENSILE PROPERTIES; IRRADIATED METALS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PART I; FCC; MECHANISMS AB In a carbon-free economy, nuclear power will surely play a fundamental role as a clean and cost-competitive energy source. However, new-generation nuclear concepts involve temperature and irradiation conditions for which no experimental facility exists, making it exceedingly difficult to predict structural materials performance and lifetime. Although the gap with real materials is still large, advances in computing power over the last decade have enabled the development of accurate and efficient numerical algorithms materials simulations capable of probing the challenging conditions expected in future nuclear environments. One of the most important issues in metallic structural materials is the degradation of their mechanical properties under irradiation. Mechanical properties are intimately related to the glide resistance of dislocations, which can be increased severalfold due to irradiation-produced defects. Here, we present a combined multiscale study of dislocation-irradiation obstacle interactions in a model system (Cu) using atomistic and dislocation dynamics simulations. Scaling laws generalizing material behavior are extracted from our results, which are then compared with experimental measurements of irradiation hardening in Cu, showing good agreement. C1 [Marian, Jaime] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Martinez, Enrique] Inst Madrileno Estudios Avanzados Mat, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Lee, Hyon-Jee; Wirth, Brian D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Marian, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM marian1@llnl.gov RI Wirth, Brian/O-4878-2015 OI Wirth, Brian/0000-0002-0395-0285 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; University of California, Berkeley; National Science Foundation [DMR 0244562]; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-04GR54750] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, and supported at the University of California, Berkeley, by the National Science Foundation under Contract NSF DMR 0244562 and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences under Grant DE-FG02-04GR54750. We thank R. Cook (LLNL) for producing high-quality art and T. Arsenlis, J.M. Perlado, and M. Victoria for helpful discussions. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 26 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 24 IS 12 BP 3628 EP 3635 DI 10.1557/JMR.2009.0424 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 528AM UT WOS:000272412500019 ER PT J AU Stojanovic, D Orlovic, A Markovic, S Radmilovic, V Uskokovic, PS Aleksic, R AF Stojanovic, D. Orlovic, A. Markovic, S. Radmilovic, V. Uskokovic, Petar S. Aleksic, R. TI Nanosilica/PMMA composites obtained by the modification of silica nanoparticles in a supercritical carbon dioxide-ethanol mixture SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COUPLING AGENT; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SURFACE MODIFICATION; ORGANIC MODIFICATION; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; VINYL MONOMERS; NANOINDENTATION; NANOCOMPOSITES; DEGRADATION; DISPERSION AB Nanosilica/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composites are used to improve the mechanical properties of neat PMMA polymer. In order to obtain superior mechanical properties, it is essential to achieve good bonding between the SiO(2) nanoparticles and the PMMA matrix, which is typically achieved by coating silica nanoparticles with silane coupling agents. In this study, conventional and supercritical coating methods were investigated together with their influence on the mechanical properties of the obtained nanosilica/PMMA composites. The results indicate advantageous properties of nanosilica modified in the supercritical phase of carbon dioxide and ethanol in terms of particle size distribution, amount of coated silane, and dispersion in the PMMA matrix. Careful dispersion of the starting silica nanoparticles in ethanol at low temperatures in order to obtain a nanosilica sol plays an important role in deagglomeration, dispersion, and the coating process. The resulting nanosilica/PMMA composite containing nanoparticles obtained by supercritical processing of the nanosilica sol showed an increase in hardness by 44.6% and elastic modulus by 25.7% relative to neat PMMA, as determined using the nanoindentation technique. The dynamic mechanical analysis reveals that addition of nanoparticles as nanosilica sol and nanosilica gel enhances composite storage modulus by about 54.3 and 46.5% at 40 A degrees C. At the same temperature, incorporation of modified silica nanoparticles with conventional method leads to an increase of 15.9% for the storage modulus, probably due to a large silica particle size and lower silane content in this sample. C1 [Stojanovic, D.; Orlovic, A.; Uskokovic, Petar S.; Aleksic, R.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Technol & Met, Belgrade 11120, Serbia. [Markovic, S.] Serbian Acad Arts & Sci, Inst Tech Sci, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. [Radmilovic, V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Uskokovic, PS (reprint author), Univ Belgrade, Fac Technol & Met, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade 11120, Serbia. EM puskokovic@tmf.bg.ac.rs RI Markovic, Smilja/B-7192-2009 OI Markovic, Smilja/0000-0002-9264-4406 FU Ministry of Science and Technological Development Republic of Serbia [E!3524, E!4040] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support from the Ministry of Science and Technological Development Republic of Serbia through projects E!3524 and E!4040. In addition, the authors would like to thank CSM Instruments SA and Mr G. Favaro for providing the equipment for and Dr J. Nohava for assistance in the nanomechanical tests. NR 38 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 44 IS 23 BP 6223 EP 6232 DI 10.1007/s10853-009-3842-8 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 501MD UT WOS:000270385100002 ER PT J AU Woo, W Choo, H Withers, PJ Feng, Z AF Woo, W. Choo, H. Withers, P. J. Feng, Z. TI Prediction of hardness minimum locations during natural aging in an aluminum alloy 6061-T6 friction stir weld SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PROCESS MODEL; RESIDUAL-STRESSES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; HEAT-TRANSFER; MICROSTRUCTURE; PRECIPITATION; EVOLUTION; WELDMENTS; STRENGTH; KINETICS AB This study describes a method that can predict the hardness minimum location as a function of natural aging time in a heat-treatable 6061-T6 Al alloy plate subjected to friction stir welding (FSW). First, temperature distributions were simulated in the FSW plate by finite element modeling. Second, to determine the natural aging kinetics, hardness changes were measured as a function of natural aging time from a number of Al specimens that had been isothermally heat treated at different peak temperatures. Finally, the simulated temperature profiles and the natural aging kinetics were correlated to predict the hardness profiles in the FSW plate. The predicted hardness minimum locations are consistent with the measured hardness profiles in that the hardness moves away from the weld centerline as the aging time increases. Moreover, the predicted hardness minimum is located at the similar position of failure in cross-weld tensile samples. C1 [Woo, W.] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Div Neutron Sci, Taejon 305353, South Korea. [Choo, H.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Withers, P. J.] Univ Manchester, Manchester Mat Sci Ctr, Manchester M1 7HS, Lancs, England. [Feng, Z.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Woo, W (reprint author), Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Div Neutron Sci, 1045 Daedeok Daero, Taejon 305353, South Korea. EM chuckwoo@kaeri.re.kr RI Withers, Philip/A-6760-2009; Choo, Hahn/A-5494-2009; Feng, Zhili/H-9382-2012; OI Choo, Hahn/0000-0002-8006-8907; Feng, Zhili/0000-0001-6573-7933; WOO, Wanchuck/0000-0003-0350-5357 FU NSF [DMR-0231320]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Korean government; EPSRC FX This work was supported by the NSF International Materials Institutes (IMI) Program under contract DMR-0231320. This research was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. WW was supported by Nuclear Research and Development Program of the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation funded by the Korean government. PJW is grateful to the EPSRC Lightweight alloys portfolio grant for financial support. The authors would like to thank B. Lovell, S. A. David, C. J. Rawn, and A. Frederick for their help. WW is especially grateful to David Richards for help with the modeling during his visit to Manchester. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 EI 1573-4803 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 44 IS 23 BP 6302 EP 6309 DI 10.1007/s10853-009-3868-y PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 501MD UT WOS:000270385100011 ER PT J AU Jackson, N Anand, S Okandan, M Muthuswamy, J AF Jackson, Nathan Anand, Sindhu Okandan, Murat Muthuswamy, Jit TI Nonhermetic Encapsulation Materials for MEMS-Based Movable Microelectrodes for Long-Term Implantation in the Brain SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Bio-microelectromechanical systems (MEMS); composite; neural implant; neural prostheses; packaging; reliability ID ARRAY; POLYIMIDE; BIOCOMPATIBILITY; MICRODRIVE; SUBSTRATE; DEVICES; SEALANT AB In this paper, we have fabricated and tested several composite materials with a mesh matrix, which are used as encapsulation materials for a novel implantable movable-microelectrode microelectromechanical-system (MEMS) device. Since movable microelectrodes extend off the edge of the MEMS chip and penetrate the brain, a hermetically sealed encapsulation was not feasible. An encapsulation material is needed to prevent cerebral-spinal-fluid entry that could cause failure of the MEMS device and, at the same time, allow for penetration by the microelectrodes. Testing of potential encapsulation materials included penetration-force measurements, gross-leak testing, maximum-pressure testing, and biocompatibility testing. Penetration-force tests showed that untreated mesh matrices and silicone-gel-mesh composites required the least amount of force to penetrate for both nylon 6,6 and polypropylene meshes. The silicone-gel-, poly(dimethylsiloxane)-, polyimide-, and fluoroacrylate-mesh composites with the nylon-mesh matrix were all able to withstand pressures above the normal intracranial pressures. Fourier-transform infrared-spectroscopy analysis and visual inspection of the implanted devices encapsulated by the silicone-gel-mesh composite showed that there was no fluid or debris entry at two and four weeks postimplantation. We conclude that a composite of nylon and silicone-gel meshes will meet the needs of the new generation of implantable devices that require nonhermetic encapsulation. C1 [Jackson, Nathan; Anand, Sindhu; Muthuswamy, Jit] Arizona State Univ, Harrington Dept Bioengn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Okandan, Murat] Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Sci & Technol Div, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Jackson, N (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Harrington Dept Bioengn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM njack@asu.edu; Sindhu.anand@asu.edu; mokanda@sandia.gov; jit@asu.edu RI Jackson, Nathan/G-4660-2016 OI Jackson, Nathan/0000-0001-7741-4496 FU National Institutes of Health [R01NS055312] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant R01NS055312. Subject Editor A. J. Ricco. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1234 EP 1245 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2009.2030075 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 526UC UT WOS:000272318900009 PM 20414474 ER PT J AU Shao, QH Subrina, S Nika, DL Liu, GX Kotchetkov, D AF Shao, Qinghui Subrina, Samia Nika, Denis L. Liu, Guanxiong Kotchetkov, Dmitri TI Electric Current and Heat Propagation in Graphene Ribbons SO JOURNAL OF NANOELECTRONICS AND OPTOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Interconnects; Graphene; Current; Heating ID INTERCONNECTS AB Graphene has reveled extremely high electron mobility and phonon thermal conductivity Here we investigated numerically the electric current propagation and Ohmic heating effects in the rectangular single-layer graphene ribbons. The solutions for the current and heat conduction equations were found using the finite element method. The temperatures and resistances of graphene ribbons were studied as functions of graphene's thermal conductivity, electric current density and geometry of the ribbons The obtained results are important for assessing the feasibility of graphene applications in the electrical and thermal interconnect networks in nanoscale integrated circuits and three-dimensional chips C1 [Shao, Qinghui; Subrina, Samia; Nika, Denis L.; Liu, Guanxiong; Kotchetkov, Dmitri] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Shao, QH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-223, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Shao, Qinghui/A-1756-2013; Nika, Denis/B-4515-2013; Liu, Guanxiong/E-2052-2016 OI Nika, Denis/0000-0002-3082-3118; NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1555-130X J9 J NANOELECTRON OPTOE JI J. Nanoelectron. Optoelectron. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 4 IS 3 BP 291 EP 295 DI 10.1166/jno.2009.1041 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 585FV UT WOS:000276810900001 ER PT J AU Antoninka, A Wolf, J Bowker, M Classen, AT Johnson, NC AF Antoninka, Anita Wolf, J. Bowker, M. Classen, A. T. Johnson, N. C. TI LINKING ABOVE AND BELOWGROUND RESPONSES TO GLOBAL CHANGE AT COMMUNITY AND ECOSYSTEM SCALES. SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Antoninka, Anita; Wolf, J.; Bowker, M.; Classen, A. T.; Johnson, N. C.] No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Wolf, J.] USDA, Dept Mycol, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wolf, J.] USDA, Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Classen, A. T.] Oak Ridge Labs, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Classen, A. T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Classen, Aimee/C-4035-2008 OI Classen, Aimee/0000-0002-6741-3470 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 41 IS 4 BP 303 EP 303 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 647BI UT WOS:000281590300017 ER PT J AU Kardol, P Cregger, MA Campany, CE Classen, AT AF Kardol, Paul Cregger, M. A. Campany, C. E. Classen, A. T. TI PLANT COMPOSITIONAL SHIFTS MODERATE CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS ON SOIL ENZYME ACTIVITIES AND SOIL NEMATODES. SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kardol, Paul; Campany, C. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kardol, Paul; Cregger, M. A.; Campany, C. E.; Classen, A. T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. RI Classen, Aimee/C-4035-2008; Kardol, Paul/A-2600-2010 OI Classen, Aimee/0000-0002-6741-3470; NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 41 IS 4 BP 343 EP 344 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 647BI UT WOS:000281590300123 ER PT J AU Miller, RM AF Miller, R. Michael TI LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF ELEVATED CO2 AND O-3 ON EXTRAMATRICAL MYCORRHIZAL HYPHAL BIOMASS PRODUCTION AND STANDING CROP IN QUAKING ASPEN SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Miller, R. Michael] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 41 IS 4 BP 357 EP 357 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 647BI UT WOS:000281590300157 ER PT J AU Nielsen, UN Wall, DH Adams, BJ AF Nielsen, Uffe N. Wall, D. H. Adams, B. J. TI THE DIVERSITY OF TARDIGRADES AND THEIR ROLE IN THE SOIL FOOD WEBS IN THE MCMURCO DRY VALLEYS, ANTARCTICA SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nielsen, Uffe N.; Wall, D. H.] Colorado State Univ, NREL, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Nielsen, Uffe N.; Wall, D. H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Adams, B. J.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Adams, B. J.] Brigham Young Univ, Evolutionary Ecol Labs, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RI Adams, Byron/C-3808-2009 OI Adams, Byron/0000-0002-7815-3352 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 41 IS 4 BP 364 EP 364 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 647BI UT WOS:000281590300175 ER PT J AU Windisch, CF Henager, CH Engelhard, MH Bennett, WD AF Windisch, Charles F., Jr. Henager, Charles H., Jr. Engelhard, Mark H. Bennett, Wendy D. TI Accelerated testing of HT-9 with zirconia coatings containing gallium using Raman Spectroscopy and XPS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID IRON CHROMIUM-ALLOYS; MOX FUEL PRODUCTION; STAINLESS-STEEL; LIQUID GALLIUM; OXIDE; CORROSION; SURROGATE; CHEMISTRY; REMOVAL AB Laser Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to study the evolution of composition of oxide films in the presence of zirconia coatings on miniature HT-9 alloy specimens subjected to elevated temperature in air. The experiments expanded on previous efforts to develop a quick-screening technique for candidate alloys for cladding materials (HT-9) and actinide-based mixed oxide fuel mixtures (represented by the zirconia coating) by investigating the effect of both coating composition and annealing conditions on the high temperature reactions. In particular, the presence of the element Ga (a potential impurity in mixed oxide fuel) in the initial zirconia coating was found to accelerate the rate of oxide growth relative to that of yttria-stabilized zirconia studied previously. In addition, HT-9 samples that were subjected to different annealing conditions gave different results. The results suggest that the presence of Ga in a mixed oxide fuel will enhance the oxidation of HT-9 cladding under the conditions of this study, although the extent of enhancement is influenced by the type of annealing previously applied to the cladding material. Due to the multi-component layered structure of the oxidation products discovered in this fuel-cladding combination, it appears unlikely that Raman spectroscopy would be applicable as a stand-alone technique for the intended quick-screening approach to all but the simplest systems. Other techniques with better depth resolution, such as photoelectron spectroscopy, are required to follow the changes in composition of individual layers as they evolve during the oxidation process. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Windisch, Charles F., Jr.; Henager, Charles H., Jr.; Engelhard, Mark H.; Bennett, Wendy D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Windisch, CF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM cf.windisch@pnl.gov RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 FU Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); Battelle Memorial Institute for the US Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RO1830] FX This research was sponsored by the Sustainable Nuclear Power Initiative at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) under the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program. PNNL is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC06-76RO1830. A portion of the research was performed using EMSL, a national science user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research located at PNNL. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 395 IS 1-3 BP 23 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.09.011 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 537YO UT WOS:000273150700003 ER PT J AU He, XB Ou, L Engelmann, C Chen, X Scott, SL AF He, Xubin Ou, Li Engelmann, Christian Chen, Xin Scott, Stephen L. TI Symmetric active/active metadata service for high availability parallel file systems SO JOURNAL OF PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Metadata management; Fault tolerance; High availability; Parallel file systems; Group communication ID ATOMIC BROADCAST; COMMUNICATION; TIME AB High availability data storage systems are critical for many applications as research and business become more data driven. Since metadata management is essential to system availability, multiple metadata services are used to improve the availability of distributed storage systems. Past research has focused on the active/standby model, where each active service has at least one redundant idle backup. However, interruption of service and even some loss of service state may occur during a fail-over depending oil the replication technique used. In addition, the replication overhead for multiple metadata services call be very high. The research in this paper targets the symmetric active/active replication model, which uses Multiple redundant service nodes running in virtual synchrony. In this model, service node failures do not Cause a fail-over to a backup and there is no disruption of service or loss of service state. A fast delivery protocol is further discussed to reduce the latency of the total order broadcast needed. The prototype implementation shows that metadata service high availability call be achieved with all acceptable performance trade-off using the symmetric active/active metadata service Solution. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved C1 [He, Xubin; Chen, Xin] Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Engelmann, Christian; Scott, Stephen L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP He, XB (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Box 5004, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. EM hexb@tntech.edu OI Engelmann, Christian/0000-0003-4365-6416 FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research; U.S. Department of Energy; Laboratory Directed Research and Development; U.S. National Science Foundation [CNS-0617528, CNS-0720617]; UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was sponsored in part by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, U.S. Department of Energy. The work at Tennessee Tech University was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of ORNL, by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. CNS-0617528 and CNS-0720617, and by the Office of Research of Tennessee Technological University. It was performed in part at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers and the Elsevier editor for their valuable feedback to improve the quality of this article.; This paper extends the concepts and results presented in two earlier papers at the 19th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Systems (PDCS) 2007 1351 and the 16th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN) 2007 [36]. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0743-7315 EI 1096-0848 J9 J PARALLEL DISTR COM JI J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 69 IS 12 BP 961 EP 973 DI 10.1016/j.jpdc.2009.08.004 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 516KT UT WOS:000271541700003 ER PT J AU Chan, W Gao, MC Dogan, ON King, P Rollett, AD AF Chan, Wren Gao, Michael C. Dogan, Oemer N. King, Paul Rollett, Anthony D. TI Thermodynamic Assessment of Cr-Rare Earth Systems SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION LA English DT Article DE CALPHAD; Cr-Ce; Cr-La; Cr-Y; high temperature alloys ID ALLOYS; ELEMENTS; CHROMIUM AB Addition of light rare earth elements in small amounts to refractory metal based alloys (e.g., Cr) can increase both ductility and creep resistance of an alloy because the additives absorb residual oxygen in the alloy by forming oxides that can serve as dispersion strengtheners. In this work, three binary systems, Cr-Ce, Cr-La and Cr-Y, were thermodynamically assessed based on limited experimental data available in the literature using the CALPHAD method. Self-consistent and reasonable thermodynamic descriptions for all three systems were obtained. More importantly, two predictions are made: a peritectic reaction in the La-rich side of Cr-La system and a catatectic reaction in the Y-rich side of Cr-Y system. These predictions and the developed databases are subject to future experiments that are needed to clarify several discrepancies in these binaries. C1 [Chan, Wren; Rollett, Anthony D.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15289 USA. [Gao, Michael C.; Dogan, Oemer N.; King, Paul] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Chan, W (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15289 USA. EM michael.gao@netl.doe.gov RI Rollett, Anthony/A-4096-2012 OI Rollett, Anthony/0000-0003-4445-2191 FU Advanced Research Program of the NETL's Strategic Center for Coal through the ORISE program; RDS [DE-AC26-04NT41817] FX Financial support for this research was provided by the Advanced Research Program of the NETL's Strategic Center for Coal through the ORISE program and the RDS contract DE-AC26-04NT41817. The authors thank Paul Jablonski and Paul Mason for helpful discussions. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1547-7037 J9 J PHASE EQUILIB DIFF JI J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 30 IS 6 BP 578 EP 586 DI 10.1007/s11669-009-9581-3 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 527IO UT WOS:000272360900002 ER PT J AU Jeffery, N Wingate, B AF Jeffery, Nicole Wingate, Beth TI The Effect of Tilted Rotation on Shear Instabilities at Low Stratifications SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID GEOSTROPHIC BAROCLINIC STABILITY; NEAR-INERTIAL WAVES; MODELS; OCEAN; SEA AB A linear stability analysis of the inviscid stratified Boussinesq equations is presented given a steady zonal flow with constant vertical shear in a tilted f plane. Full nonhydrostatic terms are included: 1) acceleration of vertical velocity and 2) Coriolis force terms arising from the meridional component of earth's rotation vector. Calculations of growth rates, critical wavenumbers, and dominance regimes for baroclinic and symmetric instabilities are compared with results from the traditional nonhydrostatic equations, which include a strictly vertical rotation vector, as well as results from the hydrostatic equations. The authors find that for positive zonal z shear, tilted rotation enhances the dominance regime of symmetric instabilities at the expense of baroclinic instabilities and maintains symmetric instabilities at larger scales than previously indicated. Furthermore, in contrast to former studies, it is determined that hydrostatic growth rates for both instabilities are not maximal. Rather, growth rates peak in the fully nonhydrostatic equations for parameter regimes physically relevant and consistent with abyssal ocean stratifications and weak zonal z shears and oceanic measurements of the Labrador Sea and Southern Ocean. In addition, the authors find that zonal shear modifies the frequency range of subinertial inertio-gravity waves. Tilted rotation effects break the base flow shear reflection symmetry present in the traditional and hydrostatic models. Thus, only in the fully nonhydrostatic model does weak negative zonal z shear stabilize the flow and decrease the subinertial frequency range. C1 [Jeffery, Nicole; Wingate, Beth] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS2, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jeffery, N (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS2, CNLS, MS-B296, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM njeffery@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy Biological and Environmental Research (BER); U.S. Department of Energy Advanced Scientific Computing Research FX Author Jeffery thanks Chris Jeffery for the many helpful discussions and insightful comments offered during the research and preparation of this work. She is also grateful to Wilbert Weijer and two anonymous reviewers whose critical comments led to a much improved manuscript. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Biological and Environmental Research (BER) Climate Change Prediction Program and the U.S. Department of Energy Advanced Scientific Computing Research Applied Mathematics Program. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 39 IS 12 BP 3147 EP 3161 DI 10.1175/2009JPO4138.1 PG 15 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 530XB UT WOS:000272624800006 ER PT J AU Nakamura, SX AF Nakamura, Satoshi X. TI Consistency between renormalization group running of the chiral operator and the counting rule-case of the chiral pion production operator SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY; TO-LEADING-ORDER; NUCLEAR-FORCES; 2-NUCLEON SYSTEM; LAGRANGIANS; PP-PI(0); PP AB In nuclear chiral perturbation theory (chi PT), an operator is defined in a space with a cutoff which may be varied within a certain range. The operator runs as a result of the variation of the cutoff (renormalization group (RG) running). In order for chi PT to be useful, the operator should run in a way consistent with the counting rule, that is, the running of chiral counter terms has to be of natural size. We vary the cutoff using the Wilsonian renormalization group (WRG) equation and examine this consistency. As an example, we study the s-wave pion production operator for N N -> d pi, derived in chi PT. We demonstrate that the WRG running does not generate any chiral-symmetry-violating (CSV) interaction, provided that we start with an operator which does not contain a CSV term. We analytically show how the counter terms are generated in the WRG running in the case of the infinitesimal cutoff reduction. Based on the analytic result, we argue a range of the cutoff variation for which the running of the counter terms is of natural size. Then, we numerically confirm this. C1 [Nakamura, Satoshi X.] TRIUMF, Theory Grp, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Nakamura, Satoshi X.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Nakamura, SX (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, EBAC, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM satoshi@jlab.org RI Nakamura, Satoshi/M-9097-2016 OI Nakamura, Satoshi/0000-0002-7542-8859 NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 36 IS 12 AR 125007 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/36/12/125007 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 521BW UT WOS:000271895200008 ER PT J AU Williford, RE Zhang, JG AF Williford, R. E. Zhang, Ji-Guang TI Air electrode design for sustained high power operation of Li/air batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Li/air battery; Carbon electrode; Porosity; Reaction precipitates; Catalyst distributions ID LITHIUM/OXYGEN BATTERY; ORGANIC ELECTROLYTE; ENCAPSULATION AB The rapid development of portable electronic devices increasingly requires much more energy to support advanced functions. However, currently available batteries do not meet the high energy requirement of these devices. Metal/air batteries, especially Li/air batteries, have a much higher specific energy than most other available batteries, but their power rate is limited by the accumulation of reaction products in the air electrode. Several approaches to improve the power rate of Li/air batteries have been analyzed in this work, including adjustment of air electrode porosity and catalyst reactivity distributions to minimize diffusion limitations and maximize air electrode material utilization. An interconnected dual pore system (one catalyzed and one non-catalyzed) is proposed to improve oxygen transport into the inner regions of the air electrode. but this approach alone cannot supply high power for long term applications. A time-release multiple catalyst approach is analyzed to provide temporal release of reactivity in the air electrode. When coupled with the dual pore configuration and catalysts with high reactivities, the time-release catalyst concept can extend the duration of higher powers to longer times, and result in maximum utilization of air electrode materials. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Williford, R. E.; Zhang, Ji-Guang] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99358 USA. RP Williford, RE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99358 USA. EM Rick.Williford@pnl.gov FU US Department of Energy FX This work was approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the US Department of Energy. NR 14 TC 87 Z9 91 U1 9 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 194 IS 2 BP 1164 EP 1170 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.06.005 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 504MH UT WOS:000270620500080 ER PT J AU Zhao, X Tian, H Zhu, MY Tian, K Wang, JJ Kang, FY Outlaw, RA AF Zhao, Xin Tian, Hui Zhu, Mingyao Tian, Kai Wang, J. J. Kang, Feiyu Outlaw, R. A. TI Carbon nanosheets as the electrode material in supercapacitors SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Ultracapacitor; Supercapacitor; EDLC; Graphene; Carbon; Nanosheet ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GRAPHENE; ULTRACAPACITORS; SHEETS AB Carbon nanosheets are comprised of 1-7 graphene layers that are predominantly vertically oriented with respect to a substrate. The thickness and morphology of the nanosheets can vary depending on the growth precursor and the substrate temperature. They have an ultra-low in-plane resistivity. The capacitance of carbon nanosheets was measured by cyclic voltammetry in a standard electrochemical three-electrode cell, which contains a platinum counter electrode and a standard mercury/mercurous sulfate reference electrode in 6 M H(2)SO(4) electrolyte. As a working electrode, the capacitance of carbon nanosheets per area was found to be 0.076 F cm(-2). A mathematical model was used to simulate the total possible capacitance of a virtual supercapacitor cell that contains carbon nanosheets as the electrode material and found to be 1.49 x 10(4)F. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Xin] Engnova Labs LLC, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Tian, Hui; Zhu, Mingyao; Wang, J. J.; Outlaw, R. A.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA. [Tian, Kai] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Kang, Feiyu] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, X (reprint author), Engnova Labs LLC, 318D St Thomas Dr, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM xin.zhao@engnova.com RI Tian, Kai/B-8023-2012 NR 24 TC 101 Z9 102 U1 7 U2 104 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 194 IS 2 BP 1208 EP 1212 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.06.004 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 504MH UT WOS:000270620500086 ER PT J AU Zavala, VM Constantinescu, EM Krause, T Anitescu, M AF Zavala, Victor M. Constantinescu, Emil M. Krause, Theodore Anitescu, Mihai TI On-line economic optimization of energy systems using weather forecast information SO JOURNAL OF PROCESS CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Large-scale; Stochastic; Weather; Economics; Energy ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; CHEMICAL-DATA ASSIMILATION; IMPLEMENTATION; UNCERTAINTY; STRATEGIES AB We establish an on-line optimization framework to exploit weather forecast information in the operation of energy systems. We argue that anticipating the weather conditions can lead to more proactive and cost-effective operations. The framework is based on the solution of a stochastic dynamic real-time optimization (D-RTO) problem incorporating forecasts generated from a state-of-the-art weather prediction model. The necessary uncertainty information is extracted from the weather model using an ensemble approach. The accuracy of the forecast trends and uncertainty bounds are validated using real meteorological data. We present a numerical simulation study in a building system to demonstrate the developments. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zavala, Victor M.; Constantinescu, Emil M.; Anitescu, Mihai] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Zavala, Victor M.; Krause, Theodore] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zavala, VM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM vzavala@mcs.anl.gov FU Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy, through Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 53 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-1524 EI 1873-2771 J9 J PROCESS CONTR JI J. Process Control PD DEC PY 2009 VL 19 IS 10 BP 1725 EP 1736 DI 10.1016/j.jprocont.2009.07.004 PG 12 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Chemical SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 533HB UT WOS:000272813200014 ER PT J AU Haas, DA Biegalski, SR Biegalski, KMF AF Haas, D. A. Biegalski, S. R. Biegalski, K. M. Foltz TI Radioxenon production through neutron irradiation of stable xenon gas SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Radioxenon; Non-proliferation; Treaty monitoring; Beta-gamma; SDAT; ARSA; Xenon ratio AB The Spectral Deconvolution Analysis Tool (SDAT) software was developed to improve counting statistics and detection limits for nuclear explosion radionuclide measurements. SDAT utilizes spectral deconvolution spectroscopy techniques and can analyze both beta-gamma coincidence spectra for radioxenon isotopes and high-resolution HPGe spectra from aerosol monitors. The deconvolution algorithm of the SDAT requires a library of beta-gamma coincidence spectra of individual radioxenon isotopes to determine isotopic ratios in a sample. In order to get experimentally produced spectra of the individual isotopes, we have irradiated enriched samples of (130)Xe, (132)Xe, and (134)Xe gas with a neutron beam from the TRIGA reactor at The University of Texas. The samples were counted in an Automated Radioxenon Sampler/Analyzer (ARSA) style beta-gamma coincidence detector. The spectra produced show that this method of radioxenon production yields samples with very high purity of the individual isotopes for (131m)Xe and (135)Xe and a sample with a substantial (133m)Xe to (133)Xe ratio. C1 [Haas, D. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Biegalski, S. R.; Biegalski, K. M. Foltz] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Haas, DA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM derek.haas@pnl.gov; biegalski@mail.utexas.edu; kmfb98@hotmail.com RI Biegalski, Steven/A-7765-2010 NR 7 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 677 EP 680 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0291-4 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100001 ER PT J AU Hennig, W Warburton, WK Fallu-Labruyere, A Sabourov, K Cooper, MW McIntyre, JI Gleyzer, A Bean, M Korpach, EP Ungar, K Zhang, W Mekarski, P AF Hennig, W. Warburton, W. K. Fallu-Labruyere, A. Sabourov, K. Cooper, M. W. McIntyre, J. I. Gleyzer, A. Bean, M. Korpach, E. P. Ungar, K. Zhang, W. Mekarski, P. TI Development of a phoswich detector system for radioxenon monitoring SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Radioxenon monitoring; Phoswich detector; Pulse shape analysis; Digital readout electronics ID RADIOACTIVE XENON; GAMMA; SPECTROMETER AB Measurement of radioactive xenon in the atmosphere is one of several techniques to detect nuclear weapons testing. For high sensitivity, some existing systems use beta/gamma coincidence detection to suppress background, which is very effective, but increases complexity due to separate beta and gamma detectors that require careful calibration and gain matching. In this paper, we will describe the development and evaluation of a simpler detector system, named PhosWatch, consisting of a CsI(Tl)/BC-404 phoswich well detector, digital readout electronics, and pulse shape analysis algorithms implemented in a digital signal processor on the electronics, and compare its performance to existing multi-detector systems. C1 [Hennig, W.; Warburton, W. K.; Fallu-Labruyere, A.; Sabourov, K.] XIA LLC, Hayward, CA 94544 USA. [Cooper, M. W.; McIntyre, J. I.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Gleyzer, A.] PhotoPeak Inc, Chagrin Falls, OH 44023 USA. [Bean, M.; Korpach, E. P.; Ungar, K.; Zhang, W.; Mekarski, P.] Hlth Canada, Radiat Protect Bur, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada. RP Hennig, W (reprint author), XIA LLC, 31057 Genstar Rd, Hayward, CA 94544 USA. EM whennig@xia.com RI McIntyre, Justin/P-1346-2014 OI McIntyre, Justin/0000-0002-3706-4310 NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 681 EP 685 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0181-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100002 ER PT J AU Ward, RM Biegalski, SRF Haas, DA Hennig, W AF Ward, R. M. Biegalski, S. R. F. Haas, D. A. Hennig, W. TI Comparison of phoswich and ARSA-type detectors for radioxenon measurements SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Radioxenon; beta-gamma coincidence; ARSA; Phoswich AB The monitoring of atmospheric radioxenon to ensure compliance with the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) has driven the development of improved detectors for measuring xenon, including the development of a phoswich detector. This detector uses only one PMT to detect beta-gamma coincidence, thus greatly reducing the bulk and electronics of the detector in comparison to the ARSA-type detector. In this experiment, (135)Xe was produced through neutron activation and a phoswich detector was used to attain spectra from the gas. These results were compared to similar results from an ARSA-type beta-gamma coincidence spectrum. The spectral characteristics and resolution were compared for the coincidence and beta spectra. Using these metrics, the overall performance of the phoswich detector for beta-gamma coincidence of radioxenon was evaluated. C1 [Ward, R. M.; Biegalski, S. R. F.; Haas, D. A.] Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Haas, D. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Hennig, W.] XIA LLC, Hayward, CA USA. RP Ward, RM (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM rebecca.ward@mail.utexas.edu RI Biegalski, Steven/A-7765-2010 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 693 EP 697 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0306-1 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100004 ER PT J AU Keillor, ME Cooper, MW Hayes, JC McIntyre, JI AF Keillor, Martin E. Cooper, Matthew W. Hayes, James C. McIntyre, Justin I. TI Degradation of 81 keV Xe-133 gamma-rays into the 31 keV X-ray peak in CsI scintillators SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Beta-gamma coincidence detectors; Xenon sampling and measurement systems; Automated radioxenon sampler/analyzer; Energy deposition sequence; Detector efficiency calibration; Efficiency calibration techniques AB Pacific Northwest National Laboratory uses beta-gamma coincidence detectors in a number of xenon sampling and measurement systems to enable simultaneous, sensitive measurements of Xe-131, Xe-133, Xe-133m, and Xe-135 for treaty monitoring applications. In recent years, a new style of beta-gamma detector was developed to improve upon the detector module used in the Automated Radioxenon Sampler/Analyzer. The results of an MCNP5 Monte Carlo simulation of the new detector cell are presented, with particular emphasis on the identification of an energy deposition sequence with the potential to introduce significant error into the detector efficiency calibration. This sequence occurs when an 81 keV gamma from Xe-133 is absorbed in an inactive region of the CsI(Na) scintillator, followed by emission of a 31 keV X-ray from cesium (or possibly a 28.5 keV X-ray from iodine). These X-rays add excess counts into the 31 keV peak observed in the decay of Xe-133. The impact of this effect on different efficiency calibration techniques is discussed. C1 [Keillor, Martin E.; Cooper, Matthew W.; Hayes, James C.; McIntyre, Justin I.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Keillor, ME (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN P8-01, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM martin.keillor@pnl.gov RI McIntyre, Justin/P-1346-2014; OI McIntyre, Justin/0000-0002-3706-4310; Keillor, Martin/0000-0001-7828-5868 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 699 EP 702 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0244-y PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100005 ER PT J AU Keillor, ME Aalseth, CE Day, AR Fast, JE Hoppe, EW Hyronimus, BJ Hossbach, TW Miley, HS Seifert, A Warren, GA AF Keillor, Martin E. Aalseth, Craig E. Day, Anthony R. Fast, James E. Hoppe, Eric W. Hyronimus, Brian J. Hossbach, Todd W. Miley, Harry S. Seifert, Allen Warren, Glen A. TI Design and construction of an ultra-low-background 14-crystal germanium array for high efficiency and coincidence measurements SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Detecting and quantifying; Radionuclides; Low background gamma spectroscopy; High resolution gamma spectroscopy; Intrinsic germanium array; Gamma coincidence detection AB Physics experiments, environmental surveillance, and treaty verification techniques continue to require increased sensitivity for detecting and quantifying radionuclides of interest. This can be done by detecting a greater fraction of gamma emissions from a sample (higher detection efficiency) and reducing instrument backgrounds. A current effort for increased sensitivity in high resolution gamma spectroscopy will produce an intrinsic germanium (HPGe) array designed for high detection efficiency, ultra-low-background performance, and useful coincidence efficiencies. The system design is optimized to accommodate filter paper samples, e.g. samples collected by the Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler/Analyzer (RASA). The system will provide high sensitivity for weak collections on atmospheric filter samples, as well as offering the potential to gather additional information from more active filters using gamma cascade coincidence detection. The current effort is constructing an ultra-low-background HPGe crystal array consisting of two vacuum cryostats, each housing a hexagonal array of 7 crystals on the order of 70% relative efficiency per crystal. Traditional methods for constructing ultra-low-background detectors are used, including use of materials known to be low in radioactive contaminants, use of ultra pure reagents, clean room assembly, etc. The cryostat will be constructed mainly from copper electroformed into near-final geometry at PNNL. Details of the detector design, simulation of efficiency and coincidence performance, HPGe crystal testing, and progress on cryostat construction are presented. C1 [Keillor, Martin E.; Aalseth, Craig E.; Day, Anthony R.; Fast, James E.; Hoppe, Eric W.; Hyronimus, Brian J.; Hossbach, Todd W.; Miley, Harry S.; Seifert, Allen; Warren, Glen A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Keillor, ME (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN P8-01, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM martin.keillor@pnl.gov OI Keillor, Martin/0000-0001-7828-5868; Day, Anthony/0000-0002-1217-1822 NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 703 EP 708 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0248-7 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100006 ER PT J AU Weaver, J Biegalski, SRF Buchholz, BA AF Weaver, J. Biegalski, S. R. F. Buchholz, B. A. TI Assessment of non-traditional isotopic ratios by mass spectrometry for analysis of nuclear activities SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Mass spectrometry; Isotopic ratios; Treaty monitoring; Nuclear forensics AB This work provides an assessment of suitable forensic indicators that may be measured by portable mass spectrometry systems. Traditional assessments of nuclear fuel cycle manipulation or other nuclear activities often depend upon analyses of uranium and plutonium isotopes in the nuclear fuel. Any entity engaging in shortened fuel cycle activity will recover U and Pu during reprocessing. Fission, capture, and activation products are less valuable and generally regarded as waste products. This work determined isotopic ratios that distinguish nuclear weapons and shortened nuclear fuel cycles from commercial nuclear reactors. Modeling of fuel cycles was conducted via ORIGEN-S, MCNPX, and through custom calculations. C1 [Weaver, J.; Biegalski, S. R. F.] Univ Texas Austin, NEL, Austin, TX 78758 USA. [Buchholz, B. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CAMS, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Weaver, J (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, NEL, 10100 Burnet Rd,Bldg 159, Austin, TX 78758 USA. EM jordan.weaver@mail.utexas.edu; biegalski@mail.utexas.edu; buchholz2@llnl.gov RI Biegalski, Steven/A-7765-2010; Buchholz, Bruce/G-1356-2011 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 709 EP 713 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0289-y PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100007 ER PT J AU Biegalski, SRF Biegalski, KMF Haas, DA AF Biegalski, S. R. F. Biegalski, K. M. Foltz Haas, D. A. TI SDAT: analysis of Xe-131m with Xe-133 interference SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Radioxenon; beta-gamma coincidence spectroscopy; NETL; CTBT; Standard spectrum technique ID XENON; DECONVOLUTION; SYSTEM AB The Spectral Deconvolution Analysis Tool (SDAT) software was developed at The University of Texas at Austin. SDAT utilizes a standard spectrum technique for the analysis of beta-gamma coincidence spectra. Testing was performed on the software to compare the standard spectrum analysis technique with a region of interest (ROI) analysis technique. Experimentally produced standard spectra and sample data were produced at the Nuclear Engineering Teaching Laboratory (NETL) TRIGA reactor. The results of the testing showed that the standard spectrum technique had lower errors than the ROI analysis technique for samples with low counting statistics. In contrast, the ROI analysis technique outperformed the standard spectrum technique in high counting statistics samples. It was also shown that the standard spectrum technique benefitted from a compression of the number of channels within the spectra. C1 [Biegalski, S. R. F.; Biegalski, K. M. Foltz; Haas, D. A.] Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Haas, D. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Biegalski, SRF (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM biegalski@mail.utexas.edu RI Biegalski, Steven/A-7765-2010 NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 715 EP 719 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0231-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100008 ER PT J AU Tumey, SJ Brown, TA Buchholz, BA Hamilton, TF Hutcheon, ID Williams, RW AF Tumey, Scott J. Brown, Thomas A. Buchholz, Bruce A. Hamilton, Terry F. Hutcheon, Ian D. Williams, Ross W. TI Ultra-sensitive measurements of U-233 by accelerator mass spectrometry for national security applications SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE U-233; Nuclear forensics; AMS ID NUCLEAR FORENSICS; AMS AB By making modifications to our previously established measurement setup, we increased our abundance sensitivity for U-233 by three orders of magnitude and can now measure U-233/U-238 ratios as low as 10(-13). Because U-233 has separate production pathways than U-236, it can provide valuable information on the particular source of anthropogenic uranium in a sample. We demonstrated the utility of our improved capability by using U-233 to distinguish separate sources of anthropogenic uranium in a set of samples collected from a contaminated site. In the future, we plan to apply our new capability to characterizing U-233 in a wide range of uranium materials. C1 [Tumey, Scott J.; Brown, Thomas A.; Buchholz, Bruce A.; Hamilton, Terry F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Hutcheon, Ian D.; Williams, Ross W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Tumey, SJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, POB 808,L-397, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM tumey2@llnl.gov RI Buchholz, Bruce/G-1356-2011 NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 721 EP 724 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0332-z PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100009 ER PT J AU Aalseth, C Andreotti, E Arnold, D Cabeza, JA Degering, D Giuliani, A de Orduna, RG Gurriaran, R Hult, M Keillor, M Laubenstein, M le Petit, G Margineanu, R Matthews, M Miley, H Osvath, I Pellicciari, M Plastino, W Simgen, H Weber, M Werzi, R AF Aalseth, Craig Andreotti, Erica Arnold, Dirk Cabeza, Joan-Albert Sanchez Degering, Detlev Giuliani, Andrea de Orduna, Raquel Gonzales Gurriaran, Rodolfo Hult, Mikael Keillor, Martin Laubenstein, Matthias le Petit, Gilbert Margineanu, Romul Mircea Matthews, Murray Miley, Harry Osvath, Iolanda Pellicciari, Monica Plastino, Wolfango Simgen, Hardy Weber, Marc Werzi, Robert TI Ultra-low background measurements of decayed aerosol filters SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE CTBT; IMS; Aerosol; Particulate; Iodine; Underground nuclear test AB Aerosol samples collected on filter media were analyzed using HPGe detectors employing varying background-reduction techniques in order to experimentally evaluate the opportunity to apply ultra-low background measurement methods to samples collected, for instance, by the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty International Monitoring System (IMS). In this way, realistic estimates of the impact of low-background methodology on the sensitivity obtained in systems such as the IMS were assessed. The current detectability requirement of stations in the IMS is 30 mu Bq/m(3) of air for (140)Ba, which would imply similar to 10(6) fissions per daily sample. Importantly, this is for a fresh aerosol filter. One week of decay reduces the intrinsic background from radon daughters in the sample allowing much higher sensitivity measurement of relevant isotopes, including (131)I. An experiment was conducted in which decayed filter samples were measured at a variety of underground locations using Ultra-Low Background (ULB) gamma spectroscopy technology. The impacts of the decay and ULB are discussed. C1 [Aalseth, Craig; Keillor, Martin; Miley, Harry] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Andreotti, Erica; Giuliani, Andrea; Pellicciari, Monica] Univ Insubria, Dipartimento Fis & Matemat, I-22100 Como, Italy. [Arnold, Dirk] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany. [Cabeza, Joan-Albert Sanchez; Osvath, Iolanda] IAEA Marine Environm Lab, MC-98000 Monaco, Monaco. [Degering, Detlev] Verein Kernverfahrenstech Analyt Rossendorf eV, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. [de Orduna, Raquel Gonzales; Hult, Mikael] EC JRC Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, B-2440 Geel, Belgium. [Gurriaran, Rodolfo] Environm Radioact Measurement Lab, IRSN DEI STEME, F-91400 Orsay, France. [Laubenstein, Matthias] Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, I-67010 Assergi, AQ, Italy. [le Petit, Gilbert] CEA DAM Ile France, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Margineanu, Romul Mircea] Natl Inst Res & Dev Phys & Nucl Engn, Magurele 077125, Ilfov, Romania. [Matthews, Murray] Radioact Specialists Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Plastino, Wolfango] Univ Roma Tre, Dept Phys, I-00146 Rome, Italy. [Plastino, Wolfango] Natl Inst Nucl Phys, Sect Roma Tre, I-00146 Rome, Italy. [Simgen, Hardy; Weber, Marc] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Werzi, Robert] CTBTO IMS Div, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. RP Miley, H (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS P8-01,902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM harry.miley@pnl.gov RI Laubenstein, Matthias/C-4851-2013; Margineanu, Romul Mircea/B-6012-2011; OSVATH, IOLANDA/G-8809-2011; OI Laubenstein, Matthias/0000-0001-5390-4343; Keillor, Martin/0000-0001-7828-5868; Margineanu, Romul Mircea/0000-0003-0686-1613; OSVATH, IOLANDA/0000-0002-8580-5566; Sanchez-Cabeza, Joan-Albert/0000-0002-3540-1168 NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 731 EP 735 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0307-0 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100011 ER PT J AU McIntyre, JI Cooper, M Carman, AJ Bowyer, TW Day, A Haas, D Hayes, JC Heimbigner, TR Hubbard, C Litke, K Ripplinger, M Schrom, B Suarez, R AF McIntyre, Justin I. Cooper, Mathew Carman, April J. Bowyer, Theodore W. Day, Anthony Haas, Derek Hayes, James C. Heimbigner, Tom R. Hubbard, Charlie Litke, Kevin Ripplinger, Michael Schrom, Brian Suarez, Reynold TI Concentration independent calibration of beta-gamma coincidence detector using Xe-131m and Xe-133 SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Radioxenon; Coincidence counting; Nuclear detector calibration; Xe-133; Xe-131m; CTBTO; International monitoring system (IMS); Automated radioxenon sampler/analyzer (ARSA) ID SYSTEMS; XENON AB Absolute efficiency calibration of radiometric detectors is frequently difficult and requires careful detector modeling and accurate knowledge of the radioactive source used. In the past we have calibrated the beta-gamma coincidence detector of the Automated Radioxenon Sampler/Analyzer (ARSA) using a variety of sources and techniques which have proven to be less than desirable (Reeder et al., J Radioanal Nucl Chem, 235, 1989). A superior technique has been developed that uses the conversion-electron (CE) and X-ray coincidence of Xe-131m to provide a more accurate absolute gamma efficiency of the detector. The Xe-131m is injected directly into the beta cell of the coincident counting system and no knowledge of absolute source strength is required. In addition, Xe-133 is used to provide a second independent means to obtain the absolute efficiency calibration. These two data points provide the necessary information for calculating the detector efficiency and can be used in conjunction with other noble gas isotopes to completely characterize and calibrate the ARSA nuclear detector. In this paper we discuss the techniques and results that we have obtained. C1 [McIntyre, Justin I.; Cooper, Mathew; Carman, April J.; Bowyer, Theodore W.; Day, Anthony; Haas, Derek; Hayes, James C.; Heimbigner, Tom R.; Hubbard, Charlie; Litke, Kevin; Ripplinger, Michael; Schrom, Brian; Suarez, Reynold] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP McIntyre, JI (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN P8-50, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM justin.mcintyre@pnl.gov; matthew.cooper@pnl.gov; april.carman@pnl.gov; ted.bowyer@pnl.gov; tony.day@pnl.gov; jchayes@pnl.gov; tom.heimbigner@pnl.gov; charlie.hubbard@pnl.gov; kevin.litke@pnl.gov; micheal.ripplinger@pnl.gov; brian.schrom@pnl.gov; rey.suarez@pnl.gov RI McIntyre, Justin/P-1346-2014 OI McIntyre, Justin/0000-0002-3706-4310 NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 755 EP 759 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0311-4 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100015 ER PT J AU Ringbom, A Elmgren, K Lindh, K Peterson, J Bowyer, TW Hayes, JC McIntyre, JI Panisko, M Williams, R AF Ringbom, A. Elmgren, Klas Lindh, Karin Peterson, Jenny Bowyer, Theodore W. Hayes, James C. McIntyre, Justin I. Panisko, Mark Williams, Richard TI Measurements of radioxenon in ground level air in South Korea following the claimed nuclear test in North Korea on October 9, 2006 SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Nuclear test; Radioxenon; Noble gas; CTBT; ROK; DPRK ID XENON AB Following the claimed nuclear test in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) on October 9, 2006, and a reported seismic event, a mobile system for sampling of atmospheric xenon was transported to the Republic of South Korea (ROK) in an attempt to detect possible emissions of radioxenon in the region from a presumed test. Five samples were collected in the ROK during October 11-14, 2006 near the ROK-DPRK border, and thereafter transported to the Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI) in Stockholm, Sweden, for analysis. Following the initial measurements, an automatic radioxenon sampling and analysis system was installed at the same location in the ROK, and measurements on the ambient atmospheric radioxenon background in the region were performed during November 2006 to February 2007. The measured radioxenon concentrations strongly indicate that the explosion in October 9, 2006 was a nuclear test. The conclusion is further strengthened by atmospheric transport models. Radioactive xenon measurement was the only independent confirmation that the supposed test was in fact a nuclear explosion and not a conventional (chemical) explosive. C1 [Ringbom, A.; Elmgren, Klas; Lindh, Karin; Peterson, Jenny] Swedish Def Res Agcy FOI, S-16490 Stockholm, Sweden. [Bowyer, Theodore W.; Hayes, James C.; McIntyre, Justin I.; Panisko, Mark; Williams, Richard] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ringbom, A (reprint author), Swedish Def Res Agcy FOI, S-16490 Stockholm, Sweden. EM anders.ringbom@foi.se; klas.elmgren@foi.se; karin.lindh@foi.se; jenny.peterson@foi.se; ted.bowyer@pnl.gov; jc.hayes@pnl.gov; justin.mcintyre@pnl.gov; mark.panisko@pnl.gov; richard.williams@pnl.gov RI McIntyre, Justin/P-1346-2014 OI McIntyre, Justin/0000-0002-3706-4310 NR 9 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 773 EP 779 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0271-8 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100018 ER PT J AU Tumey, SJ Brown, TA Hamilton, TF Hillegonds, DJ AF Tumey, Scott J. Brown, Thomas A. Hamilton, Terry F. Hillegonds, Darren J. TI Further development of accelerator mass spectrometry for the measurement of Sr-90 at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Sr-90; AMS; Gas ionization detector; Silicon nitride windows ID ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; AMS AB Based on the encouraging results of our initial efforts to develop a Sr-90 accelerator mass spectrometry capability, we have undertaken efforts to enhance our system. By changing some key operating parameters and constructing an optimized detector we were able to improve the discrimination of Sr-90 from the isobaric interference Zr-90 and reduce our instrumental background by nearly two orders of magnitude. Our current background (4 x 10(6) atoms, 3 mBq) is comparable to that achievable by decay counting, but is still a factor of ten higher than what is theoretically predicted based on the efficiency of our system. Therefore, future plans include implementation of a time-of-flight system to improve the rejection of Zr-90. C1 [Tumey, Scott J.; Brown, Thomas A.; Hamilton, Terry F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Hillegonds, Darren J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Tumey, SJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, POB 808,L-397, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM tumey2@llnl.gov NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 821 EP 824 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0327-9 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100026 ER PT J AU Engelmann, MD Ballou, NE Kiddy, RA Jenson, DD AF Engelmann, M. D. Ballou, N. E. Kiddy, R. A. Jenson, D. D. TI Analysis of radioiodine in ground litter samples downwind of the Savannah River Site SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Radioiodine Hanford; Savannah River Site; Dispersion ID IODINE; I-129; TRANSPORT; PLANT AB Ground litter samples were collected and analyzed for radioiodine ((129)I) content from distances of 1.4-128 km away from the Savannah River Site nuclear fuel reprocessing facility. Analysis methods consisted of thermo-chromatographic separation of the iodine from the sample matrix followed by isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS). The results indicate that measurable quantities of radioiodine are released and that the accumulation decreases as a function of distance from the source in agreement with a simple approximation described in the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) report. C1 [Engelmann, M. D.; Ballou, N. E.; Kiddy, R. A.; Jenson, D. D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Jenson, D. D.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Engelmann, MD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 909 Battelle BLVD,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM mark.engelmann@pnl.gov RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010 NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 825 EP 829 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0305-2 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100027 ER PT J AU Lee, SH Povinec, PP Gastaud, J La Rosa, JJ Wyse, E Fifield, LK AF Lee, S. H. Povinec, P. P. Gastaud, J. La Rosa, J. J. Wyse, E. Fifield, L. K. TI Determination of plutonium isotopes in seawater samples by Semiconductor Alpha Spectrometry, ICP-MS and AMS techniques SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Plutonium; Seawater; Semi Alpha Spectrometry; ICP-MS and AMS; (240)Pu/(239) Pu atom ratio ID PACIFIC-OCEAN; MARINE SAMPLES; NORTH PACIFIC; PU ISOTOPES; AM-241; CS-137; SR-90; SEA AB Analysis of plutonium isotopes by Semiconductor Alpha Spectrometry (SAS), ICP-sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) was carried out in seawater samples collected from the Northeast Atlantic Ocean (nuclear waste dumping sites) and Northwest Pacific Ocean. No particularly elevated levels of the atom ratios of (240)Pu/(239)Pu compared to global fallout ratio (0.18) were found in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean seawater samples. The higher levels of atom ratios of (240)Pu/(239)Pu were found in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. This is mainly due to contribution from the local fallout from nuclear weapon tests carried out at the Pacific Proving Grounds at the Marshall Islands. C1 [Lee, S. H.] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon 305600, South Korea. [Lee, S. H.; Povinec, P. P.; Gastaud, J.; La Rosa, J. J.; Wyse, E.] Marine Environm Lab, IAEA, Monaco, Monaco. [La Rosa, J. J.] NIST, Ionizing Radiat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Wyse, E.] New Brunswick Lab, Argonne, IL USA. [Fifield, L. K.] Australian Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, Canberra, ACT 02000, Australia. RP Lee, SH (reprint author), Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon 305600, South Korea. EM s.lee@kriss.re.kr; povinec@fmph.uniba.sk; J.Gastaud@iaea.org; jerome.larosa@nist.gov; uppagus@aol.com; keith.fifield@anu.edu.au OI Povinec, Pavel/0000-0003-0275-794X NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 831 EP 835 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0154-z PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100028 ER PT J AU Lepel, E Hensley, W AF Lepel, Elwood Hensley, Walter TI Design, construction, and use of a shipping case for radioactive sources used in the calibration of portal monitors in the radiation portal monitoring project SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Radioactive shipping case; Shipping case; Portal monitor; MCNP AB The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is working with US Customs and Border Protection to assist in the installation of radiation portal monitors. Our challenge was to provide radioactive sources-both gamma and neutron emitting, to a number of ports of entry where radiation portal monitors are being installed and calibrated. A portable shipping case has been designed such that it meets the DOT requirements for a "limited quantity" shipment. Over three hundred shipments, both domestic and international, were made in FY2008 using this type of shipping case. C1 [Lepel, Elwood; Hensley, Walter] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lepel, E (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, P8-01,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM elwood.lepel@pnl.gov; walter.hensley@pnl.gov RI Mavoa, Suzanne/B-5372-2010 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 861 EP 864 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0299-9 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100033 ER PT J AU Porterfield, DR Tandon, L Plionis, AA Mercer, DJ Peterson, DS Auxier, JD AF Porterfield, Donivan R. Tandon, Lav Plionis, Alexander A. Mercer, David J. Peterson, Dominic S. Auxier, John D., II TI One-dimensional mapping of gamma emitting radionuclides in support of forensic examination SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Forensic; Gamma spectrometry; Mapping; Tungsten; Germanium detector; HPGe; (137)Cs; (60)Co; Uranium; Irradiated; Linear stage; Computer controlled ID RAYS AB The development of two generations of a one-dimensional gamma mapping system is described. These systems use high-Z shielding, linear stage, and a high-purity germanium detector. Application to items of forensic interest is described and results for such items are presented. The presented results show the fission product ((137)Cs) and activation product ((60)Co) distributions along one-dimension of an archival item. C1 [Porterfield, Donivan R.; Tandon, Lav; Plionis, Alexander A.; Mercer, David J.; Peterson, Dominic S.; Auxier, John D., II] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Porterfield, DR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dporterfield@lanl.gov OI Peterson, Dominic/0000-0001-8244-565X NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 865 EP 868 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0301-6 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100034 ER PT J AU Miley, SM Payne, RF Schulte, SM Finn, EC AF Miley, S. M. Payne, R. F. Schulte, S. M. Finn, Erin C. TI Polonium-lead extractions to determine the best method for the quantification of clean lead used in low-background radiation detectors SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Polonium; Lead; Low-background shielding; Alpha spectrometry; Column separations ID SAMPLES AB Radiation detectors used to search for the existence of exceptionally rare phenomena, such as double-beta decay and dark matter interactions, as well as tiny traces of environmental radioactivity, require the elimination of background signals. Modern detection systems created from ultra pure materials and operated deep underground may be sensitive enough to "see" these rare phenomena, but background activity in Pb gamma-ray shielding could still be a critical stumbling block owing to alpha and beta emissions of Pb, Bi, and Po in the mass 210 chain. To minimize the probability of overwhelming activity from Pb, the alpha activity of (210)Pb is quantified. However, a reliable quantification procedure that does not require large volumes of chemicals has not yet been established. Two procedures created for this purpose have been tested for the quantification of alpha activity in lead. Both procedures were designed to start with less than 10 g Pb samples to reduce reagents needed and combined precipitation with column separation to isolate (210)Pb, followed by alpha spectrometry. One procedure shows promise for obtaining high recoveries and good separation. C1 [Miley, S. M.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Payne, R. F.; Schulte, S. M.; Finn, Erin C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Miley, SM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM sarah_miley@wsu.edu; rosara.payne@pnl.gov; shannon.schulte@pnl.gov; erin.finn@pnl.gov NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 869 EP 872 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0319-9 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100035 ER PT J AU Bachelor, PP Jordan, DV Harper, WW Cannon, BD Finn, EC AF Bachelor, Paula P. Jordan, David V. Harper, Warren W. Cannon, Bret D. Finn, Erin C. TI Self-absorption effects on alpha-induced atmospheric nitrogen fluorescence yield SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Radioactive contamination; Nitrogen fluorescence; Alpha particles; Optical detection ID ELECTRON-BEAM; AIR; RADIATION AB Nitrogen fluorescence induced by radiation can be used to detect the presence of radioactive contamination in the environment. Contamination quantification from the fluorescence signal requires: the source's effective alpha spectrum; the specific radiation quantum fluorescence efficiency; optical attenuation length in air of the fluorescence signal; the absolute throughput and quantum efficiency of the optical instrumentation; calibration of the instrumentation; and radiation transport modeling of the "effective" array exposure rate given the alpha particle spectrum. Field testing conducted on optical instrumentation measured the nitrogen fluorescence yield generated by (241)Am alpha emissions. Laboratory studies of (241)Am via alpha spectrometry determined whether the presence of solids on source surfaces produced sufficient self-absorption to decrease fluorescence. Results from the laboratory studies provided correction to the effective alpha-source activity values in a model of the earlier optical-sensor field measurements, and determined the air fluorescence efficiency of alpha particles generated by the (241)Am sources used in the field experiments. C1 [Bachelor, Paula P.; Jordan, David V.; Harper, Warren W.; Cannon, Bret D.; Finn, Erin C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bachelor, PP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS IN P8-01, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM paula.bachelor@pnl.gov NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 873 EP 876 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0331-0 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100036 ER PT J AU Estep, RJ Mayo, DR AF Estep, Robert J. Mayo, Douglas R. TI Application of the multiple isotope material basis set (MIMBS) method of isotope identification to low energy gamma emitters SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Isotope identification; Gamma-ray spectroscopy; Response function; Gamma-ray attenuation ID SPECTRA AB The multiple isotope material basis set (MIMBS) method for isotope identification combines the material basis set (MBS) model of gamma spectrum attenuation with ordinary response function fitting to identify shielded gamma-emitting isotopes, using low and medium resolution gamma detectors such as NaI and LaBr(3). Although MIMBS has been shown to outperform conventional isotope identification algorithms that do not correct for attenuation effects, it has difficulty identifying low energy emitters such as (57)Co or (241)Am. In this article we examine the use of optimized multiple attenuator thicknesses in generating basis spectra for each isotope to obtain better modeling of the low energy spectrum while simultaneously extending the range of the model to thicker attenuators. The effectiveness of the multiple thickness MIMBS algorithm in improving isotope identification rates compared with the original MIMBS method is demonstrated with analyses of simulated gamma spectra. The identification rates obtained with the MIMBS methods are compared to those obtained using the commercial peak-based ScintiVision NaI analysis software. C1 [Estep, Robert J.; Mayo, Douglas R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Estep, RJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM restep@lanl.gov; dmayo@lanl.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 877 EP 881 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0206-4 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100037 ER PT J AU Robinson, SM Bender, SE Flumerfelt, EL LoPresti, CA Woodring, ML AF Robinson, S. M. Bender, S. E. Flumerfelt, E. L. LoPresti, C. A. Woodring, M. L. TI Time series evaluation of radiation portal monitor data for point source discrimination SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Radiation portal monitors; Time series analysis; Time filtering; Wavelet analysis; Energy; Windows AB Time series of data from radiation portal monitors are evaluated for radioactive sources by comparing background to vehicle spectra over time with a "spectral-distance" metric, isolating the contribution of anomalous radiation. This may diminish systematic fluctuations from vehicular background attenuation and allow time-shape filtering for discriminating compact sources. To examine this, a wavelet function similar in size to the expected source profile filters the spectral-distance output. Spectra from chosen isotopes are injected into data from a U.S. port of entry. The resulting data are analyzed with gross-counting, spectral-distance, and spatial algorithms. Combined spectral/spatial filtering is shown to enhance sensitivity and discrimination of compact versus distributed sources. C1 [Robinson, S. M.; Bender, S. E.; Flumerfelt, E. L.; LoPresti, C. A.; Woodring, M. L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Robinson, SM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Sean.Robinson@pnl.gov; Sarah.bender@pnl.gov; Eric.flumerfelt@pnl.gov; Charles.lopresti@pnl.gov; Mitchell.woodring@pnl.gov NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 883 EP 887 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0176-6 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100038 ER PT J AU Schwantes, JM Addleman, RS Davidson, JD Douglas, M Meier, D Mullen, OD Myjak, M Jones, ME Woodring, ML Johnson, B Santschi, PH AF Schwantes, J. M. Addleman, R. S. Davidson, J. D. Douglas, M. Meier, D. Mullen, O. D. Myjak, M. Jones, M. E. Woodring, M. L. Johnson, B. Santschi, P. H. TI Medium-resolution autonomous in situ gamma detection system for marine and coastal waters SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Gamma ray spectrometry; Nuclear detection; In situ gamma detector; LaBr(3); Lanthanum bromide; Self Assembled Monolayers on Mesoporous Supports AB We are developing a medium-resolution autonomous in situ gamma detection system for marine and coastal waters. The system is designed to extract and preconcentrate isotopes of interest from natural waters prior to detection in order to eliminate signal attenuation of the gamma rays traveling through water and lower the overall background from the presence of naturally occurring radioactive isotopes ((40)K and U-Th series radionuclides). Filtration is used to preconcentrate target isotopes residing on suspended particles, while chemosorption is employed to preferentially extract truly dissolved components from the water column. Used filter and chemosorbent media will be counted autonomously using two LaBr(3) detectors in a near 4-pi configuration around the samples. A compact digital pulse processing system, developed in-house and capable of running in coincidence mode, is used to process the signal from the detectors to a small on-board computer. The entire system is extremely compact (9aEuro(3) dia. x 30aEuro(3) len.) and platform independent, but designed for initial deployment on a research buoy. A variety of commercial and in-house nano-porous chemosorbents have been selected, procured or produced, and these and filter and detector components have been tested. C1 [Schwantes, J. M.; Addleman, R. S.; Davidson, J. D.; Douglas, M.; Meier, D.; Mullen, O. D.; Myjak, M.; Jones, M. E.; Woodring, M. L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Johnson, B.; Santschi, P. H.] Texas A&M Univ, Galveston, TX 77551 USA. RP Schwantes, JM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Jon.Schwantes@pnl.gov RI Santschi, Peter/D-5712-2012; OI Douglas, Matthew/0000-0001-9708-1780; Myjak, Mitchell/0000-0002-3807-3542 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 889 EP 895 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0325-y PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100039 ER PT J AU Kephart, JD Aalseth, CE Miley, HS AF Kephart, Jeremy D. Aalseth, C. E. Miley, H. S. TI Measurement and energy correction due to charge carrier lifetimes in large HPGe spectrometers SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Charge carrier lifetime; Germanium; HPGe; Spectrometers AB This work addresses the energy spectrum correction due to increased charge carrier collection times in larger HPGe spectrometers. The energy of the radiation interaction is expected to be proportional to the total collected charge. This is increasingly not true with larger HPGe spectrometers. Some charge is lost as the total charge travels from the interaction location to the collection electrode. This path dependent loss of charge results in decreased energy resolution. In HPGe spectrometers, this process is characterized by the charge carrier lifetime constant and is given as an exponential function of the charge carrier collection time divided by this constant. Thus large detectors can experience exponential decrease in energy resolution as charge carrier collection time increases. We studied the effect of charge carrier lifetime on energy resolution for a p-type point contact HPGe spectrometers using pulse shape analysis. We present a method using the rise time to correct for the charge carrier lifetime on a pulse by pulse basis for a given HPGe spectrometer. C1 [Kephart, Jeremy D.; Aalseth, C. E.; Miley, H. S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kephart, JD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Jeremy.Kephart@pnl.gov NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 897 EP 900 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0216-2 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100040 ER PT J AU Swanberg, E Norman, EB Shugart, H Prussin, SG Browne, E AF Swanberg, E. Norman, E. B. Shugart, H. Prussin, S. G. Browne, E. TI Using low resolution gamma detectors to detect and differentiate Pu-239 and U-235 fissions SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Fission; Beta-delayed gamma; Plastic scintillator; Liquid scintillator; U-235; Pu-239 AB When Pu-239 and U-235 undergo thermal neutron-induced fission, both produce significant numbers of beta-delayed gamma rays with energies in the several megaelectron volt range. Experiments using high energy-resolution germanium detectors have shown that it is possible to distinguish the fission of Pu-239 from that of U-235. It is desirable to detect the presence of U-235 or Pu-239 using detectors that are less expensive and more rugged than high purity germanium detectors. To this end we demonstrate how differences in the energy spectrum and decay rates of the beta-delayed gamma rays can be used to identify Pu-239 and U-235 using low resolution plastic and liquid scintillator detectors. Experimental data are used to identify differences in the spectra and also to test the identification algorithms. Results to date are very promising. C1 [Swanberg, E.; Norman, E. B.; Shugart, H.; Prussin, S. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Norman, E. B.; Browne, E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Swanberg, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM swany@nuc.berkeley.edu; ebnorman@lbl.gov; hshugart@physics.berkeley.edu; prussin@uclink4.berkeley.edu; ebrowne@lbl.gov NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 901 EP 904 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0283-4 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100041 ER PT J AU Plionis, AA Rim, JH Hastings, EP LaMont, SP Dry, DE Bacrania, MK Horansky, RD Ullom, JN Beall, JA Rabin, MW AF Plionis, A. A. Rim, J. H. Hastings, E. P. LaMont, S. P. Dry, D. E. Bacrania, M. K. Horansky, R. D. Ullom, J. N. Beall, J. A. Rabin, M. W. TI Micro-electrodeposition techniques for the preparation of small actinide counting sources for ultra-high resolution alpha spectrometry by microcalorimetry SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Electrodeposition; Actinide; Small; High-resolution; Spectrometry; Alpha; Optimize ID SPECTROSCOPY; OPTIMIZATION AB Special considerations and techniques are desired for the preparation of small actinide counting sources. Counting sources have been prepared on metal disk substrates (planchets) with an active area of only 0.079 mm(2). This represents a 93.75% reduction in deposition area from standard electrodeposition methods. The actinide distribution upon the smaller planchet must remain thin and uniform to allow alpha particle emissions to escape the counting source with a minimal amount of self-attenuation. This work describes the development of micro-electrodeposition methods and optimization of the technique with respect to deposition time and current density for various planchet sizes. C1 [Plionis, A. A.; Rim, J. H.; Hastings, E. P.; LaMont, S. P.; Dry, D. E.; Bacrania, M. K.; Rabin, M. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Horansky, R. D.; Ullom, J. N.; Beall, J. A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Rim, J. H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Plionis, AA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM aplionis@lanl.gov RI Rim, Jung/J-5150-2015 OI Rim, Jung/0000-0002-9081-0917 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 905 EP 908 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0251-z PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100042 ER PT J AU Pepper, SE Peterman, DR Tranter, TJ White, BM AF Pepper, S. E. Peterman, D. R. Tranter, T. J. White, B. M. TI Detection of radionuclides in aqueous samples using cloud point extraction SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Cloud point extraction; Lanthanide; Actinide; Separation ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION-SPECTROMETRY; MICELLE-MEDIATED METHODOLOGY; FLOW-INJECTION; PRECONCENTRATION; SEPARATION; URANIUM; IRON; DITHIOCARBAMATE; COMPLEXATION; WATER AB A cloud point extraction method followed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been developed for the detection of trivalent lanthanides (Ln(III)) in aqueous samples. Ammonium pyrrolodinedithiocarbamate (APDC) was used as the chelating ligand with 2 wt% Triton X-114 as the surfactant. Various experimental parameters were investigated and the extraction efficiency, distribution ratios and concentration factors for the extraction of lanthanum (La), neodymium (Nd), europium (Eu) and thulium (Tm) were determined. C1 [Pepper, S. E.; Peterman, D. R.; Tranter, T. J.; White, B. M.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Pepper, SE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM sarah.pepper@inl.gov NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 909 EP 912 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0303-4 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100043 ER PT J AU Drury, OB Velazquez, M Dreyer, JG Friedrich, S AF Drury, Owen B. Velazquez, Miguel Dreyer, Jonathan G. Friedrich, Stephan TI Development of ultrahigh energy resolution gamma spectrometers for nuclear safeguards SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Isotope analysis; Ultrahigh energy resolution; Superconducting spectrometers; Gamma-spectroscopy; Nuclear safeguards; Spent fuel analysis ID RAY; DETECTORS AB We are developing superconducting ultrahigh resolution gamma-detectors for non-destructive analysis (NDA) of nuclear materials, and specifically for spent fuel characterization in nuclear safeguards. The detectors offer an energy resolution below 100 eV FWHM at 100 keV, and can therefore significantly increase the precision of NDA at low energies where line overlap affects the errors of the measurement when using germanium detectors. They also increase the peak-to-background ratio and thus improve the detection limits for weak gamma emissions from the fissile Pu and U isotopes at low energy in the presence of an intense Compton background from the fission products in spent fuel. Here we demonstrate high energy resolution and high peak-to-background ratio of our superconducting Gamma detectors, and discuss their relevance for measuring actinides in spent nuclear fuel. C1 [Drury, Owen B.; Velazquez, Miguel; Dreyer, Jonathan G.; Friedrich, Stephan] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Adv Detector Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Friedrich, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Adv Detector Grp, 7000 E Ave,L-188, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM drury2@llnl.gov; velazquez@llnl.gov; dreyer4@llnl.gov; friedrich1@llnl.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 913 EP 917 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0292-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100044 ER PT J AU Cummings, DG Sommers, JD Adamic, ML Jimenez, M Giglio, JJ Carney, KP Grimm, K AF Cummings, Daniel G. Sommers, James D. Adamic, Mary L. Jimenez, Marcos Giglio, Jeffrey J. Carney, Kevin P. Grimm, Karl TI Characterization of sealed radioactive sources: uncertainty analysis to improve detection methods SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Uncertainty analysis; Cesium; Barium; Age since purification; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ISOTOPE-DILUTION; ALPHA-SPECTROMETRY; AGE-DETERMINATION AB A radioactive (137)Cs source has been analyzed for the radioactive parent (137)Cs and stable decay daughter (137)Ba. The ratio of the daughter to parent atoms is used to estimate the date when Cs was purified prior to source encapsulation (an "age" since purification). The isotopes were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after chemical separation. In addition, Ba was analyzed by isotope dilution ICP-MS (ID-ICP-MS). A detailed error analysis of the mass spectrometric work has been undertaken to identify areas of improvement, as well as quantifying the effect the errors have on the "age" determined. This paper reports an uncertainty analysis to identifying areas of improvement and alternative techniques that may reduce the uncertainties. In particular, work on isotope dilution using ICP-MS for the "age" determination of sealed sources is presented. The results will be compared to the original work done using external standards to calibrate the ICP-MS instrument. C1 [Cummings, Daniel G.; Sommers, James D.; Adamic, Mary L.; Jimenez, Marcos; Giglio, Jeffrey J.; Carney, Kevin P.] Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Nonproliferat Div, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Grimm, Karl] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Carney, KP (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Nonproliferat Div, POB 1625,MS 6180, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM kevin.carney@inl.gov OI Giglio, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0877-927X NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 923 EP 928 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0368-0 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100046 ER PT J AU Sommers, J Jimenez, M Adamic, M Giglio, J Carney, K AF Sommers, James Jimenez, Marcos Adamic, Mary Giglio, Jeffrey Carney, Kevin TI Characterization of a sealed Americium-Beryllium (AmBe) source by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Americium; Beryllium; Am-Be sources; Neutron sources; ICP-MS AB Two Americium-Beryllium neutron sources were dismantled, sampled (sub-sampled) and analyzed via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Characteristics such as "age" since purification, actinide content, trace metal content and inter and intra source composition were determined. The "age" since purification of the two sources was determined to be 25.0 and 25.4 years, respectively. The systematic uncertainties in the "age" determination were +/- 4% 2 sigma. The amount and isotopic composition of U and Pu varied substantially between the sub-samples of Source 2 (n = 8). This may be due to the physical means of sub-sampling or the way the source was manufactured. Source 1 was much more consistent in terms of content and isotopic composition (n = 3 sub-samples). The Be-Am ratio varied greatly between the two sources. Source 1 had an Am-Be ratio of 6.3 +/- A 52% (1 sigma). Source 2 had an Am-Be ratio of 9.81 +/- A 3.5% (1 sigma). In addition, the trace element content between the samples varied greatly. Significant differences were determined between Sources 1 and 2 for Sc, Sr, Y, Zr, Mo, Ba and W. C1 [Sommers, James; Jimenez, Marcos; Adamic, Mary; Giglio, Jeffrey; Carney, Kevin] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. RP Giglio, J (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. EM Jeffrey.Giglio@INL.gov OI Giglio, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0877-927X NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 929 EP 932 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0189-1 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100047 ER PT J AU Mathew, KJ Burger, S Vogt, S Mason, P Morales-Arteaga, ME Narayanan, UI AF Mathew, K. J. Buerger, S. Vogt, S. Mason, P. Morales-Arteaga, M. E. Narayanan, U. I. TI Uranium assay determination using Davies and Gray titration: an overview and implementation of GUM for uncertainty evaluation SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Uranium assay; Davies and Gray Titration; Uncertainties; ISO GUM; Safeguards measurements AB The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Guide to the expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) was developed to meet the demand for a standardized way of evaluating and expressing uncertainties. The Davies and Gray (D&G) titrimetry method is routinely used in nuclear safeguards for uranium accountability measurement and a statement of the uncertainty that can reasonably be attributed to the measured assay value is therefore of importance. A mathematical model for an uncertainty evaluation of D&G measurements in compliance with ISO GUM is presented. This is illustrated by a numerical example and the utilization of the uncertainty budget is explored. C1 [Mathew, K. J.; Buerger, S.; Vogt, S.; Mason, P.; Morales-Arteaga, M. E.; Narayanan, U. I.] New Brunswick Lab, Dept Energy, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Mathew, KJ (reprint author), New Brunswick Lab, Dept Energy, 9800 S Cass Ave,Bldg 350, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM kattathu.mathew@ch.doe.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 939 EP 944 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0186-4 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100049 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, B Mathew, KJ Narayanan, UI Guthrie, WF Sampson, TE AF Srinivasan, B. Mathew, K. J. Narayanan, U. I. Guthrie, W. F. Sampson, T. E. TI Plutonium accountability measurements by calorimetry and gamma spectrometry: evaluation of measurement uncertainties and method performance SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Calorimetry; Gamma spectrometry; Measurement evaluation; Uncertainty estimation; GUM; Plutonium AB The calorimetry exchange (CALEX) program is administered by New Brunswick Laboratory (NBL). The main objective of the program is to provide an independent verification of the internal quality control practices in nuclear material safeguards facilities making plutonium accountability measurements by non-destructive calorimetry/gamma spectrometry techniques. Facilities measure the calorimetric power, and plutonium and (241)Am isotope abundances of CALEX program standards using routine accountability procedures. The measurement results as well as two other quantities (effective specific power and plutonium mass) calculated from these results are evaluated for accuracy (or bias) and precision. In this paper, a limited number of measurement results of a CALEX program standard (identified as Calex I) are evaluated with specific goals to identify a suitable method for uncertainty estimation and to identify the major contributors to the uncertainties. In order to achieve the goals, the Calex I measurement results were evaluated using two different methods: the first method confined to uncertainty estimation from random variations of the measurement results alone, and the second method providing a more comprehensive evaluation of uncertainties from both the measurements and the characterized values of the measured standard according to the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM). The results of this study, and a subsequent study extended to a larger number of results in the CALEX program database, are expected to provide relevant input for developing the International Target Values for plutonium measurements by the calorimetry/gamma spectrometry method. C1 [Srinivasan, B.; Mathew, K. J.; Narayanan, U. I.] New Brunswick Lab, Dept Energy, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Guthrie, W. F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Sampson, T. E.] Sampson Profess Serv LLC, Carefree, AZ 85377 USA. RP Srinivasan, B (reprint author), New Brunswick Lab, Dept Energy, 9800 S Cass Ave,Bldg 350, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM b.srinivasan@ch.doe.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 963 EP 970 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0230-4 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100053 ER PT J AU Bores, NE Schultz, MK Rankin, JM Denton, AJ Payne, GF AF Bores, N. E. Schultz, M. K. Rankin, J. M. Denton, A. J. Payne, G. F. TI H-3 and Sr-90 in urine radiobioassay intercomparison results from the intercomparison studies program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory: statistical analysis of laboratory performance SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Intercomparison; Urine; H-3; Sr-90; Radiobioassay ID SAMPLES AB The Intercomparison Studies Program (ISP) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN USA) provides natural-matrix human urine quality-assurance/quality-control (QA/QC) samples to radiobioassay analysis laboratories. Samples are provided to these laboratories as "single-blind" or "double-blind" unknowns, spiked with radioactive-solution standards at "low" levels (e.g., 0.7-7 Bq g(-1) for H-3 and 0.7-7 Bq kg(-1) for Sr-90). Participants use the results as a tool for self-evaluation and a measure of performance. In this paper, sample preparation and the results of testing during the years 2001-2005 for H-3 and Sr-90 are presented and discussed. C1 [Bores, N. E.; Rankin, J. M.; Denton, A. J.; Payne, G. F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Qual Syst & Serv Div, Intercomparison Studies Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Schultz, M. K.] Univ Iowa, Dept Radiat Oncol Radiol, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Schultz, M. K.] Univ Iowa, Dept Internal Med, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Bores, NE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Qual Syst & Serv Div, Intercomparison Studies Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM boresne@ornl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 985 EP 990 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0333-y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100056 ER PT J AU Leggitt, J Inn, K Goldberg, S Essex, R LaMont, S Chase, S AF Leggitt, J. Inn, K. Goldberg, S. Essex, R. LaMont, S. Chase, S. TI Nuclear forensics-metrological basis for legal defensibility SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Nuclear forensics; ISO 17025; Certified reference materials AB The admissibility of nuclear forensics measurements and opinions derived from them in US Federal and State courts are based on criteria established by the US Supreme Court in the case of Daubert v. Merrell Dow and the 2000 Amendment of Rule 702 of the Federal Rules of Evidence. These criteria are being addressed by new efforts that include the development of certified reference materials (CRMs) to provide the basis for analytical method development, optimization, calibration, validation, quality control, testing, readiness, and declaration of measurement uncertainties. Quality data is crucial for all stages of the program, from R&D, and database development, to actual casework. Weakness at any point in the program can propagate to reduce the confidence of final conclusions. The new certified reference materials will provide the necessary means to demonstrate a high level of metrological rigor for nuclear forensics evidence and will form a foundation for legally defensible nuclear chemical analysis. The CRMs will allow scientists to devise validated analytical methods, which can be corroborated by independent analytical laboratories. CRMs are required for ISO accreditation of many different analytical techniques which may be employed in the analysis of interdicted nuclear materials. C1 [Leggitt, J.] FBI, Quantico, VA 22135 USA. [Inn, K.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Goldberg, S.; Essex, R.] NBL, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [LaMont, S.] LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chase, S.] DHS DNDO, Washington, DC 20528 USA. RP Leggitt, J (reprint author), FBI, 2501Investigat Pkwy, Quantico, VA 22135 USA. EM jeffrey.leggitt@ic.fbi.gov NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 997 EP 1001 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0293-2 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100058 ER PT J AU Choiniere, AD Payne, RF Knaack, CM Smith, SC Clark, SB AF Choiniere, Andrea D. Payne, Rosara F. Knaack, Charles M. Smith, Steven C. Clark, Sue B. TI Distribution of uranium, plutonium, and Am-241 in soil samples from Idaho National Laboratory SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Natural uranium; Anthropogenic uranium; Fallout ID U-236; CONTAMINATION; ASSOCIATION AB Soil materials used were collected in the early 1970s at Idaho National Laboratory near the Subsurface Disposal Area (SDA). Samples from a depth of 0-4 and 4-8 cm at two different sites located on the northeast corner of the SDA perimeter were analyzed. The concentration of U-234, U-235, U-236, and U-238 in soil digests were measured by mass spectrometry. Uranium isotopic composition of the soil at the two sample sites and depths is compared to previously measured concentrations of Pu-238, Pu-239, Pu-240, Pu-241, and Am-241. Implications for remediation of contaminated soils surrounding the SDA are discussed. C1 [Choiniere, Andrea D.; Payne, Rosara F.; Clark, Sue B.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Knaack, Charles M.] Washington State Univ, Geoanalyt Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Smith, Steven C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Clark, SB (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, POB 644630, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM s_clark@wsu.edu NR 21 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 1013 EP 1017 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0339-5 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100061 ER PT J AU Hamilton, TF Jernstroem, J Martinelli, RE Kehl, SR Eriksson, M Williams, RW Bielewski, M Rivers, AN Brown, TA Tumey, SJ Betti, M AF Hamilton, Terry F. Jernstroeem, Jussi Martinelli, Roger E. Kehl, Steven R. Eriksson, Mats Williams, Ross W. Bielewski, Marek Rivers, Ariel N. Brown, Thomas A. Tumey, Scott J. Betti, Maria TI Frequency distribution, isotopic composition and physical characterization of plutonium-bearing particles from the Fig-Quince zone on Runit Island, Enewetak Atoll SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Radioactive particles; (239)Pu; (240)Pu; (241)Pu; (242)Pu; (244)Pu; (241)Am; Runit Island; Enewetak Atoll; Marshall Islands; Gamma-spectrometry; SR-mu-XRF; SEM-EDX; SIMS; MCICP-MS; AMS; Soil particle size fractionation ID RADIOACTIVE PARTICLES; HOT PARTICLES; ENVIRONMENT; IDENTIFICATION; ASSESSMENTS; URANIUM AB Runit Island on Enewetak Atoll was very heavily impacted by the U.S. nuclear testing campaign in the northern Marshall Islands (1946-58). The primary source of contamination on Runit Island was the 1958 Quince safety test where a large quantity of device plutonium (Pu) was scattered over the area near the GZ. A second low-yield device was detonated on the same site 10 days later, further disturbing the soil and leaving behind a very heterogeneous pattern of contamination including milligram-size particles of plutonium. A limited cleanup of the Fig-Quince zone was carried out in 1979. During this period, the effectiveness of the cleanup operations was primarily evaluated on the basis of bulk soil concentration data with little consideration given to the heterogeneity and long-term material-, biological-, and environmental-specific impacts of residual high activity (hot) particle contamination. The aim of the present study was twofold; (i) to characterize the levels and distribution of residual contamination in the Fig-Quince zone, and (ii) to develop pertinent data on the frequency distribution, elemental and isotopic composition, and physico-chemical properties of hot particles isolated from surface soils from Fig-Quince with a view towards providing recommendations on the future management and possible cleanup of the site. Today, Runit Island remains under an administrative quarantine. C1 [Hamilton, Terry F.; Martinelli, Roger E.; Kehl, Steven R.; Rivers, Ariel N.; Brown, Thomas A.; Tumey, Scott J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Jernstroeem, Jussi] Tech Univ Denmark, Div Radiat Res, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Eriksson, Mats; Betti, Maria] IAEA, IAEA MEL, MC-08012 Monaco, Monaco. [Williams, Ross W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Bielewski, Marek] EC DG JRC, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Hamilton, TF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM hamilton18@llnl.gov NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 1019 EP 1026 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0237-x PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100062 ER PT J AU Kinman, WS Lamont, SP Steiner, RE AF Kinman, William S. Lamont, Stephen P. Steiner, Robert E. TI A rapid isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry procedure for uranium bioassay SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Uranium bioassay; Bioassay; Rapid bioassay ID URINE AB Negative health effects of uranium taken into the human body are related to both the chemical toxicity of the metal and its radioactivity. A simple and reliable isotope dilution ICP-MS uranium bioassay technique was developed in this study. Use of this technique at Los Alamos National Laboratory has not been previously described. Dilute urine was introduced to a Perkin Elmer DRC II quadrupole ICP-MS via a PFA high solids nebulizer and a PFA cyclonic spray chamber cooled to 2 A degrees C. Urine samples acidified, digested, and diluted 5x generate a solution that is roughly 10% HNO(3) that can be analyzed by ICP-MS to measure uranium concentrations > 54 pg/mL and uranium isotopic ratios with high enough precision and accuracy to determine if the uranium in a urine sample is natural. A three-stage rinsing routine is run between each sample to minimize urine salt deposition and uranium memory effects. Regular use of this rinsing routine minimizes instrumental drift and has produced a running (238)U background of < 7 cps. C1 [Kinman, William S.; Lamont, Stephen P.; Steiner, Robert E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kinman, WS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, C NR MSJ514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wkinman@lanl.gov NR 8 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 1027 EP 1030 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0204-6 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100063 ER PT J AU Kips, RS Kristo, MJ AF Kips, Ruth S. Kristo, Michael J. TI Investigation of chemical changes in uranium oxyfluoride particles using secondary ion mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry CY APR 05-10, 2009 CL Kona, HI SP Amer Nucl Soc DE Nuclear safeguards; Uranium oxyfluoride particles; SEM; NanoSIMS AB Understanding how environmental conditions may affect sample composition is critical to the interpretation of laboratory analyses from environmental sampling. We prepared a set of UO(2)F(2) particle samples from the hydrolysis of UF(6) and stored these samples in environmental chambers at different temperature, humidity and lighting conditions. The NanoSIMS ion microprobe was used to measure the UF(+)/U(+) secondary ion ratio of individual particles. Monitoring variations in this ratio may provide insights on changes in particle composition over time and in response to environmental exposure. This report presents the baseline measurements carried out on freshly-prepared particle samples to determine the initial amount of fluorine. C1 [Kips, Ruth S.; Kristo, Michael J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kips, RS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 808,L-231, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM kips1@llnl.gov NR 4 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 282 IS 3 BP 1031 EP 1035 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0304-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 526PK UT WOS:000272303100064 ER PT J AU Rai, D Yui, M Moore, DA Rao, L AF Rai, Dhanpat Yui, Mikazu Moore, Dean A. Rao, Linfeng TI Thermodynamic Model for ThO2(am) Solubility in Isosaccharinate Solutions SO JOURNAL OF SOLUTION CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Solubility; Thermodynamics; ThO2(am); Isosaccharinate; Thorium isosaccharinate complexes; Complexation constants; Thorium ID ALPHA-ISOSACCHARINATE; COMPLEXING PROPERTIES; ALKALINE CONDITIONS; ACIDIC-SOLUTIONS; COMPLEXATION; TH(IV); THORIUM; EU(III) AB Extensive studies on ThO2(am) solubility were carried out as functions of a wide range of isosaccharinate concentrations (0.0002 to 0.2 mol.kg(-1)) at fixed pH values of about 6 and 12, and varying pH (ranging from 4.5 to 12) at fixed aqueous isosaccharinate concentrations of 0.008 mol.kg(-1) or 0.08 mol.kg(-1), to determine the aqueous complexes of isosaccharinate with Th(IV). The samples were equilibrated over periods ranging up to 69 days, and the data showed that, in most cases, steady-state concentrations were reached in < 15 days. The data were interpreted using the SIT model, and required the inclusion of mixed hydroxy-ISA complexes of Th(IV) [Th(OH)ISA(2+), Th(OH)(3)(ISA)(2)(-), and Th(OH)(4)(ISA)(2)(2-)] with log(10)K(0) = 12.5 +/- 0.5, 4.4 +/- 0.5 and -3.2 +/- 0.5 for the reactions: ThO2(am)+ 3H(+) + ISA(-) reversible arrow Th(OH)ISA(2+) + H2O ThO2(am)+ H+ + 2ISA(-) + H2O reversible arrow Th(OH)(3)(ISA)(2)(-) and ThO2(am)+ 2ISA(-) + 2H(2)O reversible arrow Th(OH)(4)(ISA)(2)(2-) respectively. Predictions based on these Th-ISA complexes agreed closely with the extensive experimental data developed in this study as well as the very limited (only at pH = 8.3) data from liquid-liquid extractions recently reported in the literature. C1 [Rai, Dhanpat] Rai Envirochem LLC, Yachats, OR 97498 USA. [Yui, Mikazu] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan. [Moore, Dean A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Rao, Linfeng] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Rai, D (reprint author), Rai Envirochem LLC, POB 784, Yachats, OR 97498 USA. EM dhan.rai@raienvirochem.com FU U.S. Department of Energy FX The collection of raw experimental data, developed at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy under the Environmental Management Sciences Program. Data interpretation and manuscript preparation efforts were supported by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai Works, under a collaborative agreement between JAEA and Rai Enviro-Chem, LLC. We thank Shandev Rai for improving the manuscript with editorial comments and suggestions. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-9782 J9 J SOLUTION CHEM JI J. Solut. Chem. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 38 IS 12 BP 1573 EP 1587 DI 10.1007/s10953-009-9470-8 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 529QL UT WOS:000272532200007 ER PT J AU Luan, YB Keppens, V Jin, RY Mandrus, D AF Luan, Yanbing Keppens, Veerle Jin, Rongying Mandrus, David TI Resonant ultrasound studies of the layered perovskite system Ca2-xSrxRuO4 SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE calcium compounds; crystal symmetry; doping profiles; elastic constants; elasticity; high-temperature superconductors; metal-insulator transition; solid-state phase transformations; strontium compounds ID ELASTIC-MODULI; SUPERCONDUCTOR SR2RUO4; PHASE-TRANSITIONS AB The elastic response of the layered perovskite system Ca2-xSrxRuO4 (0.2 < x < 2) has been studied as a function of temperature and doping concentration x using resonant ultrasound spectroscopy. The elastic constants c(11) and c(44) have been obtained for three polycrystalline samples (x=1.0, 0.5, and 0.3) and show a softening trend with increasing Ca-content. In addition, the temperature-dependence of the elastic response of five single-crystals (x=2.0, 1.9, 0.5, 0.3, and 0.2) has been measured. For 2.0 >= x >= 0.5, a dramatic softening over a wide temperature range is observed upon cooling, which is attributed to the rotational instability of RuO6 octahedra (for x=2.0 and 1.9) and the static rotation of the octahedra (for x=0.5). For the Ca-rich samples (x=0.3 and 0.2), the softening occurs in a very narrow temperature range, corresponding to the structural phase transition from high-temperature tetragonal to low-temperature orthorhombic symmetry. C1 [Luan, Yanbing; Keppens, Veerle; Mandrus, David] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Jin, Rongying; Mandrus, David] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Keppens, V (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM vkeppens@utk.edu RI Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 FU National Science Foundation [NSF-DMR-0804719]; Department of Energy, BES Division of Materials Science and Engineering FX We wish to thank the National Science Foundation (NSF-DMR-0804719) for the financial support for this research. Work at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy, BES Division of Materials Science and Engineering. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 126 IS 6 BP 2949 EP 2953 DI 10.1121/1.3257583 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 533QH UT WOS:000272838800018 PM 20000907 ER PT J AU Page, JS Marginean, I Baker, ES Kelly, RT Tang, KQ Smith, RD AF Page, Jason S. Marginean, Ioan Baker, Erin S. Kelly, Ryan T. Tang, Keqi Smith, Richard D. TI Biases in Ion Transmission Through an Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry Capillary Inlet SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MS; EFFICIENCY; SENSITIVITY; PROTEOMICS AB A heated capillary inlet for an electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) interface was compared with shorter versions of the inlet to determine the effects on transmission and ionization efficiencies for low-flow (nano) electrosprays. Five different inlet lengths were studied, ranging from 6.4 to 1.3 cm. As expected, the electrospray current transmission efficiency increased with decreasing capillary length due to reduced losses to the inside walls of the capillary. This increase in transmission efficiency with shorter inlets was coupled with reduced desolvation of electrosprayed droplets. Surprisingly, as the inlet length was decreased, some analytes showed little or no increase in sensitivity, while others showed as much as a 15-fold gain. The variation was shown to be at least partially correlated with analyte mobilities, with the largest gains observed for higher mobility species, but also affected by solution conductivity, flow rate, and inlet temperature. Strategies for maximizing sensitivity while minimizing biases in ion transmission through the heated capillary interface are proposed. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2009, 20, 2265-2272) (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Mass Spectrometry C1 [Page, Jason S.; Marginean, Ioan; Baker, Erin S.; Kelly, Ryan T.; Tang, Keqi; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Syst Anal & Mass Spectrometry Div, POB 999,MS K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rds@pnl.gov RI Marginean, Ioan/A-4183-2008; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Kelly, Ryan/B-2999-2008 OI Marginean, Ioan/0000-0002-6693-0361; Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Kelly, Ryan/0000-0002-3339-4443 FU NIH National Cancer Institute [R21 CA126191]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIH/DHHS [Y1-A1-4894-01] FX The authors acknowledge support for portions of this research by the NIH National Center for Research Resources (RR018522), the NIH National Cancer Institute (R21 CA126191), and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIH/DHHS through interagency agreement Y1-A1-4894-01. Experimental portions of this research were performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a U.S. DOE national scientific user facility located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in Richland, Washington. PNNL is a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for the DOE under contract no. DEAC05-76RLO 1830. NR 27 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 20 IS 12 BP 2265 EP 2272 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2009.08.018 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 530YF UT WOS:000272628200012 PM 19815425 ER PT J AU Altaweel, MR Alessa, LN Kliskey, AD AF Altaweel, Mark R. Alessa, Lilian N. Kliskey, Andrew D. TI Cadillac Desert: The American West and Its Disappearing Water SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE computation methods; modeling; municipal water systems; nonmunicipal systems; social-ecological; Arctic; agent-based ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; FRESH-WATER; VULNERABILITY; INFORMATION; RESILIENCE; RESOURCES; SYSTEMS AB Arctic communities are increasingly faced with social-ecological changes that act at variable speeds and spatial scales. Such changes will affect vital resources, particularly water supplies. Currently, there are few computational tools that integrate multiple social and environmental processes in order to aid communities' adaptation to change through decision support systems. This paper proposes a modeling and simulation approach that can integrate such processes at different spatiotemporal scales in order to address issues affecting community water supplies. In this paper, a modeling and simulation tool is developed and applied to a case study on the Seward Peninsula. Initial results, using both field observations and computation, show projected patterns of water use, perceptions of water availability, and long-term consumption trends. More broadly, the paper demonstrates the need for developing tools that address issues at the community level for better understanding human and hydrological interactions and policy decisions affecting water supplies. C1 [Altaweel, Mark R.; Alessa, Lilian N.; Kliskey, Andrew D.] Univ Alaska, Resilience & Adapt Management Grp, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Altaweel, Mark R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Altaweel, MR (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Resilience & Adapt Management Grp, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM maltaweel@anl.gov FU National Science Foundation [0327296, 0328686]; Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research [0701898] FX We are grateful to the National Science Foundation (OPP Arctic System Science #0327296 and #0328686 and Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research #0701898) for funding this research. We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers who provided useful comments in aiding revisions. We would also like to thank Benjamin and the RAM Group for continued support. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 45 IS 6 BP 1379 EP 1389 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00370.x PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 528JD UT WOS:000272439300006 ER PT J AU Crawford, GA Chawla, N Houston, JE AF Crawford, G. A. Chawla, N. Houston, J. E. TI Nanomechanics of biocompatible TiO2 nanotubes by interfacial Force Microscopy (IFM) SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Symposium on Biological Materials Science held at the 2008 TMS Annual Meeting CY 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc ID TITANIUM-OXIDE NANOTUBES; ANODIC-OXIDATION; GROWTH; ARRAYS; ANODIZATION AB Titanium dioxide (TiO2) coatings exhibit desirable properties as biocompatible coatings. In this paper we report on mechanical properties and deformation behavior of MOD nanotubes grown on pure titanium substrates through anodic oxidation. Characterization of the as-processed coatings was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Nanoindentation, using Interfacial Force Microscopy (IFM), was employed to probe the Young's modulus of the nanotubes. Using the IFM technique, the modulus of the nanotube coating may be measured with minimal contribution from the underlying Ti substrate. The modulus of the (TiO2) nanotube coating was estimated at 4-8 GPa. This technique was also used to study the inelastic deformation behavior of the nanotubes. (TiO2) nanotubes were found to inelastically deform by "tube crushing" in the immediate vicinity of indenter tip, increasing the local density. This increase in local density caused an increase in the Young's modulus from roughly 4 GPa to 30 GPa in the first 30 nm of indentation. Densification and the resulting increase in elastic modulus are related to the total work of inelastic deformation, irrespective of the loading history. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Crawford, G. A.; Chawla, N.] Arizona State Univ, Fulton Sch Engn, Sch Mat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Houston, J. E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Chawla, N (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Fulton Sch Engn, Sch Mat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM nchawla@asu.edu RI Chawla, Nikhilesh/A-3433-2008 OI Chawla, Nikhilesh/0000-0002-4478-8552 NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1751-6161 J9 J MECH BEHAV BIOMED JI J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 6 BP 580 EP 587 DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2008.10.004 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 500QA UT WOS:000270317200002 PM 19716101 ER PT J AU Jhon, MH Chrzan, DC AF Jhon, M. H. Chrzan, D. C. TI Statistical approach to the unfolding of mechanically stressed biopolymers SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article CT 4th Symposium on Biological Materials Science held at the 2008 TMS Annual Meeting CY 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc ID NACRE; MODEL; DEFORMATION; COMPOSITES; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; DOMAINS; RUBBER; BONDS AB The mechanical properties of structural biomaterials are determined by features at many length scales. One example is the presence of an organic adhesive in nacre. The organic material contains biopolymers with discrete domains that may unfold as the polymer is extended. A statistical model for the mechanical response of a single biopolymer with these characteristics is introduced and studied. The response to tensile strain under displacement-controlled and load-controlled conditions is examined. Under the assumption of irreversible unfolding, analytical expressions for the load at first unfolding were derived, and a transition in behavior was observed for fast and slow loading. For titin, under displacement controlled extension, this transition occurs at about S.2S pm/s. Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Jhon, M. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Jhon, MH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 210 Hearst Min Mem Bldg, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mj2k@berkeley.edu; dcchrzan@berkeley.edu RI Jhon, Mark/N-1500-2016 OI Jhon, Mark/0000-0002-9407-8452 NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1751-6161 J9 J MECH BEHAV BIOMED JI J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 6 BP 603 EP 606 DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2009.02.002 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 500QA UT WOS:000270317200005 PM 19716104 ER PT J AU Ku, ZY Dani, KM Upadhya, PC Brueck, SRJ AF Ku, Zahyun Dani, Keshav M. Upadhya, Prashanth C. Brueck, S. R. J. TI Bianisotropic negative-index metamaterial embedded in a symmetric medium SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL METAMATERIALS; PHOTONIC METAMATERIAL; REFRACTIVE-INDEX AB In order to more clearly observe the bianisotropic effects due to fabrication-induced structural asymmetries in negative-index metamaterials based on a fishnet structure, it is necessary to measure the optical properties with symmetric substrate and superstrate bounding layers. This is accomplished in this report using an index-matching fluid and identical substrate and superstrate glass materials. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Ku, Zahyun; Brueck, S. R. J.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Ku, Zahyun; Brueck, S. R. J.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Dani, Keshav M.; Upadhya, Prashanth C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Brueck, SRJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM brueck@chtm.unm.edu RI Brueck, Steven/A-6383-2013; Dani, Keshav/B-7490-2015 OI Dani, Keshav/0000-0003-3917-6305 FU Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); National Science Foundation (NSF); U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)' s Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program FX The University of New Mexico portion of this work was supported by the Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) under the University Photonics Research Center program. Facilities of the National Science Foundation (NSF) sponsored National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN) node at the University of New Mexico were used for the fabrication. We are grateful to Dr. S. Zhang for technical discussions. The Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) portion of this work was performed at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility and also partially supported by the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)' s Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 26 IS 12 BP B34 EP B38 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 527TP UT WOS:000272389800007 ER PT J AU Shen, NH Kenanakis, G Kafesaki, M Katsarakis, N Economou, EN Soukoulis, CM AF Shen, N. -H. Kenanakis, G. Kafesaki, M. Katsarakis, N. Economou, E. N. Soukoulis, C. M. TI Parametric investigation and analysis of fishnet metamaterials in the microwave regime SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE REFRACTIVE-INDEX; PHOTONIC METAMATERIALS; OPTICAL METAMATERIALS; MAGNETIC RESPONSE; FREQUENCIES AB We study through experiments and associated simulations the electromagnetic response of microwave fishnet metamaterials and its dependence on the system's geometrical parameters. Our study verifies the validity of an earlier proposed inductor-capacitor (LC) circuit description of the fishnet design and reveals a left-handed response with high transmittance for a wide variety of geometrical structure parameters. This study paves the way to achieve optimized left-handed fishnet metamaterial designs. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Shen, N. -H.; Kenanakis, G.; Kafesaki, M.; Katsarakis, N.; Economou, E. N.; Soukoulis, C. M.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, IESL, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. [Kafesaki, M.; Soukoulis, C. M.] Univ Crete, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Katsarakis, N.] Technol Educ Inst Crete, Dept Sci, Iraklion 71004, Crete, Greece. [Economou, E. N.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Soukoulis, C. M.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Soukoulis, C. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Shen, NH (reprint author), Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, IESL, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. EM nhshen@iesl.forth.gr RI Kenanakis, George/G-1283-2010; Economou, Eleftherios /E-6374-2010; Shen, Nianhai/E-5543-2012; Kafesaki, Maria/E-6843-2012; Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 OI Kenanakis, George/0000-0001-5843-3712; Kafesaki, Maria/0000-0002-9524-2576; FU European Union (EU) [213390]; Air Force office of Scientific Research, Air Force Material Command (AFMC), USAF [FA8655-07-1-3037]; Department of Energy (Basic Energy Science) [DE-ACD2-07CH11358] FX The authors acknowledge financial support by the European Union (EU) under the projects PHOME FET contract 213390, ENSEMBLE (NMP-STREP), and ECONAM (NMP-CA), and the COST Actions MP0702 and MP0803; and also by the Air Force office of Scientific Research, Air Force Material Command (AFMC), USAF grant FA8655-07-1-3037. Work at Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy (Basic Energy Science) under contract DE-ACD2-07CH11358. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 26 IS 12 BP B61 EP B67 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 527TP UT WOS:000272389800011 ER PT J AU Kaneta, K Okamoto, H Kuriki, M Sessler, AM AF Kaneta, Kenichi Okamoto, Hiromi Kuriki, Masao Sessler, Andrew M. TI Application of Coupling Resonance to Electron-Beam Conditioning for Free-Electron Lasers SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE beam emittance; coupling resonance; storage ring; phase space; free-electron laser AB Coupling resonances can be used to control the phase-space configuration of a charged-particle beam. Here we study a compact storage ring, which enables one to achieve a wide variety of emittance manipulations. A simple analytic model and numerical examples are given to demonstrate the fundamental features of the coupled beam motion near resonance. As a possible application of the present idea, free-electron lasers (FELs) are studied. It is shown that, by employing a nonlinear coupling resonance, the phase-space distribution of an electron beam can be optimized for high FEL gain. A three-dimensional simulation code is used to confirm that the "conditioned" electron beam from the coupling storage ring improves the performance of the subsequent FEL system. C1 [Kaneta, Kenichi; Okamoto, Hiromi; Kuriki, Masao] Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Adv Sci Matter, Hiroshima 7398530, Japan. [Sessler, Andrew M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kaneta, K (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Adv Sci Matter, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398530, Japan. EM ken-ichi47@hiroshima-u.ac.jp FU High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DEAC02-05CH 1123 1] FX This work was supported in part by High Energy Accelerator Research Organization. One of the authors (A.M.S.) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DEAC02-05CH 1123 1. One of the authors (K.K.) would like to thank Dr. G. Penn for his kind assistance in running the GENESIS code. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 78 IS 12 AR 124503 DI 10.1143/JPSJ.78.124503 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 535QN UT WOS:000272985600028 ER PT J AU Gupta, G Rathod, SB Staggs, KW Ista, LK Oucherif, KA Atanassov, PB Tartis, MS Montano, GA Lopez, GP AF Gupta, Gautam Rathod, Shailendra B. Staggs, Kyle W. Ista, Linnea K. Oucherif, Kaoutar Abbou Atanassov, Plamen B. Tartis, Michaelann S. Montano, Gabriel A. Lopez, Gabriel P. TI CVD for the Facile Synthesis of Hybrid Nanobiomaterials Integrating Functional Supramolecular Assemblies SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID LIPID BILAYER-MEMBRANES; SOL-GEL MATERIALS; DRUG-DELIVERY; LIPOSOMES; SYSTEMS; STABILIZATION; VESICLES AB In this letter, we present a simple one-step, versatile, scalable chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-based process for the encapsulation and stabilization of a host of single or multicomponent supramolecular assemblies (protcoliposomes, microbubbles, lipid bilayers, and photosynthetic antennae complexes and other biological materials) to form functional hybrid nanobiomaterials. In each case, it is possible (i) to form thin silica layers or gels controllably that enable the preservation of the supramolecular assembly over time and under adverse environmental conditions and (ii) to tune the structure of the silica gels so as to optimize solute accessibility while at the same time preserving functional dynamic properties of the encapsulated phospholipid assembly. The process allows precise temporal and spatial control of silica polymerization kinetics through the control of precursor delivery at room temperature and does not require or produce high concentrations of injurious chemicals that can compromise the function of biomolecular assemblies; it also does not require additives. This process differs from the conventional sol-gel process in that it does not involve the use of cosolvents (alcohols) and catalysts (acid or base). C1 [Gupta, Gautam; Rathod, Shailendra B.; Staggs, Kyle W.; Ista, Linnea K.; Atanassov, Plamen B.; Lopez, Gabriel P.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Biomed Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Gupta, Gautam; Rathod, Shailendra B.; Staggs, Kyle W.; Ista, Linnea K.; Atanassov, Plamen B.; Lopez, Gabriel P.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Oucherif, Kaoutar Abbou; Tartis, Michaelann S.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Montano, Gabriel A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lopez, GP (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr Biomed Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM gplopez@unm.edu RI Atanassov, Plamen/G-4616-2011; Ista, Linnea/A-5029-2016; OI Ista, Linnea/0000-0002-8747-9987; abbou oucherif, kaoutar/0000-0002-3773-429X FU U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-06-1-0333]; U.S. National Science Foundation [DMR-0611616]; U.S. Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-1-0741]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Sandia National Laboratories FX We thank Prof. Robert Blankenship (Washington University at St. Louis) for providing Chloro-flexus cells and Prof. Timothy Ward (University of New Mexico) and Dr. Andrew Shreve (CINT, LANL) for helpful technical discussions. We are grateful for support from the U.S. Army Research Office (W911NF-06-1-0333), the U.S. National Science Foundation's PREM program (DMR-0611616), and the U.S. Office of Naval Research (N00014-08-1-0741). A portion of this work was performed at the U.S. Department of Energy, CINT at Los Alamos National Laboratory (contract DE-AC52-06NA25396), and Sandia National Laboratories. NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 25 IS 23 BP 13322 EP 13327 DI 10.1021/la903475d PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 521TR UT WOS:000271947700012 PM 19883092 ER PT J AU Eglash, S AF Eglash, Steve TI Competition improves silicon-based solar cells SO LASER FOCUS WORLD LA English DT Article AB Though their methodologies and competitive strategies differ-SunPower focuses on high conversion efficiency, while Suntech focuses on lower cost-these two companies are threatening other established players and even thin-film competitors with their cry silicon photovoltaics. C1 [Eglash, Steve] Solar Cell Co, Palo Alto, CA 94306 USA. [Eglash, Steve] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94306 USA. [Eglash, Steve] US DOE, Palo Alto, CA 94306 USA. RP Eglash, S (reprint author), Solar Cell Co, 625 Glenbrook Dr, Palo Alto, CA 94306 USA. EM seglash@pacbell.net NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NASHUA PA 98 SPIT BROOK RD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 USA SN 1043-8092 J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD JI Laser Focus World PD DEC PY 2009 VL 45 IS 12 BP 39 EP + PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 533MZ UT WOS:000272829300016 ER PT J AU Chase, CG Sussman, AJ Coblentz, DD AF Chase, C. G. Sussman, A. J. Coblentz, D. D. TI Curved Andes: Geoid, forebulge, and flexure SO LITHOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL-ENERGY; ALTIPLANO-PUNA PLATEAU; ELASTIC THICKNESS; OCEANIC LITHOSPHERE; SOUTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; NAZCA PLATE; GRAVITY; FORELAND; BASIN AB Using geoid anomalies determined from satellite observations of the South American plate, we demonstrate the existence of a lithospheric flexural forebulge east of the High Andes. Using the planform and location of the geoid anomalies and accounting for the curvature of the Andean orogen, we can successfully model plate flexure using a uniform elastic thickness. Topography above 3 km elevation between -5 degrees and -30 degrees latitude in the Andes loads the margin of the western side of the Precambrian shield of the continental plate and drives bending of the cratonic plate. Removal of horizontal wavelengths greater than 4500 km from the geoid anomaly reveals a 5-7 m positive anomaly paralleling the trend of the orogen some 400 km east of the mountain front. We interpret the secondary geoid high as a flexural forebulge that developed in response to topographic loading of the South American plate by the Andes. While the topographic expression of this forebulge is hidden by the alluvium shed from the Andes and the vegetative cover of the Amazon jungle, our filtered geoid anomalies and a three-dimensional, single-plate flexural model in spherical geometry are both well fit by a single model with similar to 50 km effective elastic thickness. C1 [Chase, C. G.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Sussman, A. J.; Coblentz, D. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chase, CG (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM chase@geo.arizona.edu FU ExxonMobil Corporation FX Discussions with Peter DeCelles, Paul Kapp, George Zandt, Susan Beck, Andy Cohen, Richard Bennett, and Peter Reiners helped shape our ideas, but of course we alone are responsible for the content. We appreciate useful suggestions on the manuscript by George Zandt, Jon Pelletier, and Jon Patchett; and reviewers' and editor's comments helped to improve and clarify the manuscript. Computational equipment was funded by ExxonMobil Corporation. NR 57 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 6 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1941-8264 EI 1947-4253 J9 LITHOSPHERE-US JI Lithosphere PD DEC PY 2009 VL 1 IS 6 BP 358 EP 363 DI 10.1130/L67.1 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology GA 631NG UT WOS:000280353600005 ER PT J AU Biener, J Wittstock, A Baumann, TF Weissmuller, J Baumer, M Hamza, AV AF Biener, Juergen Wittstock, Arne Baumann, Theodore F. Weissmueller, Joerg Baeumer, Marcus Hamza, Alex V. TI Surface Chemistry in Nanoscale Materials SO MATERIALS LA English DT Review DE nanoporous materials; nanoporous Au; carbon aerogel; surface chemistry; surface stress; atomic layer deposition; catalysis; actuation; hydrogen storage AB Although surfaces or, more precisely, the surface atomic and electronic structure, determine the way materials interact with their environment, the influence of surface chemistry on the bulk of the material is generally considered to be small. However, in the case of high surface area materials such as nanoporous solids, surface properties can start to dominate the overall material behavior. This allows one to create new materials with physical and chemical properties that are no longer determined by the bulk material, but by their nanoscale architectures. Here, we discuss several examples, ranging from nanoporous gold to surface engineered carbon aerogels that demonstrate the tuneability of nanoporous solids for sustainable energy applications. C1 [Biener, Juergen; Baumann, Theodore F.; Hamza, Alex V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nanoscale Synth & Characterizat Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Wittstock, Arne; Baeumer, Marcus] Univ Bremen, Inst Angew & Phys Chem, Bremen, Germany. [Baeumer, Marcus] Karlsruher Inst Technol, Inst Nanotechnol, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Weissmueller, Joerg] Univ Saarland, Saarbrucken, Germany. RP Biener, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nanoscale Synth & Characterizat Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM biener2@llnl.gov; wittstock1@gmail.com; baumann2@llnl.gov; joerg.weissmueller@kit.edu; mbaeumer@uni-bremen.de; hamza1@llnl.gov RI Weissmuller, Jorg/C-3967-2009; Baumer, Marcus/S-5441-2016 OI Weissmuller, Jorg/0000-0002-8958-4414; Baumer, Marcus/0000-0002-8620-1764 FU U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX Work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 116 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 9 U2 77 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1996-1944 J9 MATERIALS JI Materials PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 BP 2404 EP 2428 DI 10.3390/ma2042404 PG 25 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V20KZ UT WOS:000208140200037 ER PT J AU Lillo, T Cole, J Frary, M Schlegel, S AF Lillo, Thomas Cole, James Frary, Megan Schlegel, Scott TI Influence of Grain Boundary Character on Creep Void Formation in Alloy 617 SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; BEHAVIOR; 1000-DEGREES-C; NI-16CR-9FE; SUPERALLOYS; ENERGY; NICKEL AB Alloy 617, a high-temperature creep-resistant, nickel-based alloy, is being considered for the primary heat exchanger for the Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP), which will operate at temperatures exceeding 760 degrees C and a helium pressure of approximately 7 MPa. Observations of the crept microstructure using optical microscopy indicate creep stress does not significantly influence the creep void fraction at a given creep strain over the relatively narrow set of creep conditions studied. Void formation was found to occur only after significant creep in the tertiary regime (>5 pct total creep strain) had occurred. Also, orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) was used to characterize the grain boundaries in the vicinity of creep voids that develop during high-temperature creep tests (900 degrees C to 1000 degrees C at creep stresses ranging from 20 to 40 MPa) terminated at creep strains ranging from 5 to 40 pct. Preliminary analysis of the OIM data indicates voids tend to form on grain boundaries parallel, perpendicular, or 45 deg to the tensile axis, while few voids are found at intermediate inclinations to the tensile axis. Random grain boundaries intersect most voids, while coincident site lattice (CSL)-related grain boundaries did not appear to be consistently associated with void development. Similar results were found in oxygen-free, high-conductivity (OFHC) copper, severely deformed using equal channel angular extrusion, and creep tested at 450 degrees C and 14 MPa. C1 [Lillo, Thomas; Cole, James] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Frary, Megan] Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Schlegel, Scott] ATI Wah Chang, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Lillo, T (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM thomas.lillo@inl.gov RI Lilllo, Thomas/S-5031-2016; OI Lilllo, Thomas/0000-0002-7572-7883; Cole, James/0000-0003-1178-5846 FU United States Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under the DOE Idaho Operations Office, Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 40A IS 12 BP 2803 EP 2811 DI 10.1007/s11661-009-0051-7 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 512WO UT WOS:000271282700006 ER PT J AU Schlegel, S Hopkins, S Young, E Cole, J Lillo, T Frary, M AF Schlegel, S. Hopkins, S. Young, E. Cole, J. Lillo, T. Frary, M. TI Precipitate Redistribution during Creep of Alloy 617 SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY-CHARACTER; MICROSTRUCTURE; INCONEL-617; SUPERALLOY; BEHAVIOR; NICKEL; HELIUM AB Nickel-based superalloys are being considered for applications within advanced nuclear power generation systems due to their high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance. Alloy 617, a candidate for use in heat exchangers, derives its strength from both solid solution strengthening and the precipitation of carbide particles. However, during creep, carbides that are supposed to retard grain boundary motion are found to dissolve and reprecipitate on boundaries in tension. To quantify the redistribution, we have used electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to analyze the microstructure of 617 after creep testing at 900 degrees C and 1000 degrees C. The data were analyzed with respect to the location of the carbides (e. g., intergranular vs intragranular), grain boundary character, and precipitate type (i.e., Cr rich or Mo rich). We find that grain boundary character is the most important factor in carbide distribution; some evidence of preferential distribution to boundaries in tension is also observed at higher applied stresses. Finally, the results suggest that the observed redistribution is due to the migration of carbides to the boundaries and not the migration of boundaries to the precipitates. C1 [Hopkins, S.; Young, E.; Frary, M.] Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Schlegel, S.] ATI Wah Chang, Albany, OR 97321 USA. [Cole, J.; Lillo, T.] Idaho Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Frary, M (reprint author), Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA. EM meganfrary@boisestate.edu RI Lilllo, Thomas/S-5031-2016; OI Lilllo, Thomas/0000-0002-7572-7883; Cole, James/0000-0003-1178-5846 FU United States Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Nuclear Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; Center for Advanced Energy Studies (Idaho Falls, ID) FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Nuclear Energy, under the DOE Idaho Operations Office, via Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517. The Boise State University authors were also supported in part by the Center for Advanced Energy Studies (Idaho Falls, ID). NR 26 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 40A IS 12 BP 2812 EP 2823 DI 10.1007/s11661-009-0027-7 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 512WO UT WOS:000271282700007 ER PT J AU Westphal, BR Marsden, KC Price, JC AF Westphal, Brian R. Marsden, K. C. Price, J. C. TI Development of a Ceramic-Lined Crucible for the Separation of Salt from Uranium SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SPENT NUCLEAR-FUEL; DISTILLATION; CADMIUM AB As part of the spent fuel treatment program at the Idaho National Laboratory, alternate crucible materials are being developed for the processing of uranium and salt. The separation of salt (LiCl/KCl based) from uranium is performed in an inductively heated furnace capable of distillation under vacuum conditions. Historically, salt and uranium have been processed in graphite crucibles coated with a zirconia mold wash. Although the coated crucibles have performed adequately considering the reactive nature of salt and uranium at high temperature, the operations required for multiple use of the crucibles are quite labor intensive. Thus, an alternate ceramic-lined crucible has been developed to simplify remote operations. Two ceramic-lined crucibles have been tested using irradiated materials to verify their compatibility and determine an ultimate life cycle. Although minor process losses and crucible deterioration have occurred with the ceramic-lined crucibles, the overall performance of the crucibles has been adequate for the separation of salt during uranium processing. C1 [Westphal, Brian R.; Marsden, K. C.; Price, J. C.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Westphal, BR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM brian.westphal@inl.gov FU United States Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Science, and Technology [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX The authors acknowledge the Fuel Conditioning Facility operations personnel for their contributions, the Analytical Laboratory organization for chemical services, and T. C. Totemeier for the metallographic data. This work was supported by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Science, and Technology, under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 40A IS 12 BP 2861 EP 2866 DI 10.1007/s11661-009-9957-3 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 512WO UT WOS:000271282700011 ER PT J AU Cerefice, G Ma, LZ Kaminski, M AF Cerefice, Gary Ma, Longzhou Kaminski, Michael TI Microscopic and Spectroscopic Characterization of Aluminosilicate Waste Form with Cs/Sr/Ba Loading Using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, and X-Ray Diffraction SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID IMMOBILIZATION; CERAMICS; GLASSES AB An aluminosilicate waste form has been proposed for the storage and disposal of cesium and strontium isolated from recycled nuclear fuel. To examine the impact of sintering temperature on the waste form product, thermal analysis (thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)) was used to identify key transition temperature ranges. Samples were produced in each temperature range to examine the impact on phase formation and microstructure. Examination of the synthesized materials by X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of the expected Cs-and Sr-aluminosilicate crystalline phases. However, microscopic characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a spongelike, glassy morphology with high porosity and no observed crystallinity. This discrepancy was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), which identified the presence of discrete, submicron, crystalline phases within the bulk amorphous matrix. Elemental analysis by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) indicated that the strontium and barium were incorporated into the crystalline phase, while the cesium was incorporated into the amorphous matrix. Further analysis of samples synthesized without barium or strontium allowed for the identification of submicron crystalline phases within the amorphous matrix, identifying the source of the cesium aluminosilicate crystal peaks in the XRD patterns, with elemental analysis showing that the cesium was present in both the crystalline inclusions and the amorphous bulk phase. C1 [Cerefice, Gary; Ma, Longzhou] Univ Nevada, Harry Reid Ctr Environm Studies, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Kaminski, Michael] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ma, LZ (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Harry Reid Ctr Environm Studies, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM lma@unlv.nevada.edu FU United States Department of Energy [DE-FG07-01AL67358, DE-FC07-06ID14781]; UNLV TRP (Transmutation Research Program) FX This project is funded under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy (Grant Nos. DE-FG07-01AL67358 and DE-FC07-06ID14781). The authors also thank the UNLV TRP (Transmutation Research Program), administered by Dr. Tony Hechanova, Harry Reid Center for Environmental Studies, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, for supporting this work. Helpful discussions with Dr. Thomas Hartmann, Harry Reid Center for Environmental Studies, and Dr. Clay Crow, Department of Geoscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, regarding XRD analysis and interpretation are also appreciated. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 40A IS 12 BP 2876 EP 2887 DI 10.1007/s11661-009-0038-4 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 512WO UT WOS:000271282700013 ER PT J AU Wang, C Nuhfer, NT Sridhar, S AF Wang, Cong Nuhfer, Noel Thomas Sridhar, Seetharaman TI Transient Behavior of Inclusion Chemistry, Shape, and Structure in Fe-Al-Ti-O Melts: Effect of Titanium Source and Laboratory Deoxidation Simulation SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LOW-CARBON-STEEL; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; LIQUID-IRON; EQUILIBRIUM; OXIDES; SOLIDIFICATION; NUCLEATION; FERRITE; OXYGEN; NOZZLE AB In the present Study, laboratory-scale deoxidation experiments in a vacuum-indicaion furnace (VIF) were carried out to elucidate the evolution of inclusions during transient stages after a titanium addition. Three different titanium sources (Fe-70 wt pct Ti, Fe-30 wt pct Ti, and titanium granules) were employed and the results were compared in terms of the inclusion chemistry, structure, and morphology. It was found that, immediately after titanium additions to an aluminum-killed melt, titanium-containing inclusions, which are either single-phase or dual-phase particles having a certain amount of titanium and are contrary to melt equilibrium predictions, were formed. Analysis by transmission electron microscope (TEM) suggested that these inclusions could be Al(2)TiO(5). The change in the inclusion chemistry was accompanied by a shift in the inclusion morphology from spherical to irregular. With time, the inclusion chemistry shifted back toward the thermodynamically stable Al(2)O(3), but the change in morphology remained. The temporary Al(2)TiO(5) inclusions were formed as a result of local high content of titanium immediately after and at the vicinity of the titanium addition. When comparing the different titanium Sources, it was found that they can be ranked as Ti > Fe-70 pct Ti > Fe-30 pct Ti, in terms of the amount of titanium-containing inclusions produced during the transient stage. C1 [Wang, Cong; Nuhfer, Noel Thomas; Sridhar, Seetharaman] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15253 USA. [Sridhar, Seetharaman] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Wang, C (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15253 USA. EM sridhars@andrew.cmu.edu FU Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research, Carnegie Mellon University FX Financial support from the Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research, Carnegie Mellon University, is gratefully acknowledged. The fruitful discussions with J. Lehmann, W. Tiekink, and P. Kaushik are greatly appreciated. NR 40 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5615 J9 METALL MATER TRANS B JI Metall. Mater. Trans. B-Proc. Metall. Mater. Proc. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1005 EP 1021 DI 10.1007/s11663-009-9267-6 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 530XL UT WOS:000272626100024 ER PT J AU Wang, C Nuhfer, NT Sridhar, S AF Wang, Cong Nuhfer, Noel Thomas Sridhar, Seetharaman TI Transient Behavior of Inclusion Chemistry, Shape, and Structure in Fe-Al-Ti-O Melts: Effect of Titanium/Aluminum Ratio SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ORDER-DISORDER TRANSFORMATION; SOLID SOLUTION; TITANIUM; OXYGEN; STEEL; SAPPHIRE; SYSTEM; NOZZLE AB During ladle processing of interstitial-free (IF) steel melts, it is possible for transient titanium-containing oxides to be formed if the local titanium/aluminuin (Ti/Al) ratio is locally and temporarily increased after aluminum killing. The phase stability diagrams suggest that if the Ti/Al ratio is increased, then Al(2)TiO(5) and/or a liquid Al-Ti-O region can become stable, and eventually at even higher Ti/Al ratios, Ti(3)O(5) becomes stable. In this study, the Ti/Al ratio was Successively altered to investigate (1) how the Inclusions evolved after titanium addition to aluminum-killed iron melts and (2) whether the inclusions present after sufficient time were those predicted by thermodynamics. When the Ti/Al ratio was maintained at 1/4, such that AI,03 is the only thermodynamically stable oxide., the results show that transient titanium-containing oxides exist temporarily after titanium addition, but with time, the predominant inclusion was Al(2)O(3), which would generate little shape change and produce transient stage inclusions with less titanium contents. When the Ti/Al ratio was increased to 1/1 (Al(2)O(3) still being the only thermodynamically stable oxide), the results show a more distinct increase in the titanium content of the transient inclusions. The transient reaction was, in this case, accompanied by an irreversible shape change from spherical to irregular inclusions. When the Ti/Al ratio in the melt was increased to 15/1 within the Al(2)TiO(5) stable phase region, the inclusion population evolved from spherical-dominant ones to irregular ones. It was found that the final inclusion chemistry has more titanium but less aluminum content compared with the expected from the Al(2)TiO(5) chemistry. Besides, the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed the existence of Ti(2)O. When the Ti/Al ratio in the melt was increased such that Ti(3)O(5) is the thermodynamically stable inclusion (Ti/Al ratio of 75/1 or infinity), the inclusions evolved after titanium addition toward TiO(x) inclusions, which is accompanied by a shape change from spherical to irregular. The TEM results revealed and confirmed the existence of metastable Ti(2)O besides the thermodynamically stable Ti(3)O(5), and it was consistent with the results based on oxidation studies of thin layers of titanium with Al(2)O(3) substrate. It was discovered that Ti(2)O has the tendency of transforming into the thermodynamically stable phase Ti(3)O(5) under certain conditions. C1 [Wang, Cong; Nuhfer, Noel Thomas; Sridhar, Seetharaman] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Sridhar, Seetharaman] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Wang, C (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM sridhars@andrew.cmu.edu FU Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research (CISR) FX The authors acknowledge the Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research (CISR) for financial support and Dr. S. Wang for TEM assistance. Fruitful discussions with Dr. J. Lehmann, Mr. W. Tiekink, and Dr. P. Kaushik are greatly appreciated. NR 20 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5615 J9 METALL MATER TRANS B JI Metall. Mater. Trans. B-Proc. Metall. Mater. Proc. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1022 EP 1034 DI 10.1007/s11663-009-9290-7 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 530XL UT WOS:000272626100025 ER PT J AU Tancredi, G Ishitsuka, J Schultz, PH Harris, RS Brown, P ReVelle, DO Antier, K Le Pichon, A Rosales, D Vidal, E Varela, ME Sanchez, L Benavente, S Bojorquez, J Cabezas, D Dalmau, A AF Tancredi, G. Ishitsuka, J. Schultz, P. H. Harris, R. S. Brown, P. ReVelle, D. O. Antier, K. Le Pichon, A. Rosales, D. Vidal, E. Varela, M. E. Sanchez, L. Benavente, S. Bojorquez, J. Cabezas, D. Dalmau, A. TI A meteorite crater on Earth formed on September 15, 2007: The Carancas hypervelocity impact SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Asteroids Comets Meteors Meeting CY JUL 14-18, 2008 CL Johns Hopkins Univ Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD SP NASA, Lumar & Planetary Inst, Lockheed Martin HO Johns Hopkins Univ Appl Phys Lab ID SHOCK METAMORPHISM; EJECTA; DISRUPTION; EXPLOSION; ENCOUNTER; QUARTZ AB On September 15, 2007, a bright fireball was observed and a big explosion was heard by many inhabitants near the southern shore of Lake Titicaca. In the community of Carancas (Peru), a 13.5 m crater and several fragments of a stony meteorite were found close to the site of the impact. The Carancas event is the first impact crater whose formation was directly observed by several witnesses as well as the first unambiguous seismic recording of a crater-forming meteorite impact on Earth. We present several lines of evidence that suggest that the Carancas crater was a hypervelocity impact. An event like this should have not occurred according to the accepted picture of stony meteoroids ablating in the Earth's atmosphere, therefore it challenges our present models of entry dynamics. We discuss alternatives to explain this particular event. This emphasizes the weakness in the pervasive use of "average" parameters (such as tensile strength, fragmentation behavior and ablation behavior) in current modeling efforts. This underscores the need to examine a full range of possible values for these parameters when drawing general conclusions front models about impact processes. C1 [Tancredi, G.] Fac Ciencias, Dpto Astron, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay. [Ishitsuka, J.; Rosales, D.; Vidal, E.; Cabezas, D.; Dalmau, A.] Inst Geofis Peru, Lima, Peru. [Schultz, P. H.; Harris, R. S.] Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Brown, P.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. [ReVelle, D. O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, EES 2, Atmospher Climate & Environm Dynam Grp, Meteorol Modeling Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Antier, K.; Le Pichon, A.] Ctr DAM Ile France, Commissariat Energie Atom, Dept Anal Surveillance Environm, F-91297 Bruyeres Le Chatel, Arpajon, France. [Varela, M. E.] Complejo Astron El Leoncito, San Juan, Argentina. [Sanchez, L.] Fac Ciencias, Inst Ciencias Geol, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay. [Benavente, S.] Univ Nacl Altiplano, Puno, Peru. [Bojorquez, J.] Univ Nacl Agr La Molina, Lima, Peru. RP Tancredi, G (reprint author), Fac Ciencias, Dpto Astron, Igua 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay. EM gonzalo@fisica.edu.uy RI Rosales, Domingo/D-2735-2015 OI Rosales, Domingo/0000-0002-9266-5784 NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 6 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 44 IS 12 BP 1967 EP 1984 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 557NU UT WOS:000274677000017 ER PT J AU Wang, WG Shaw, WJ AF Wang, Weiguo Shaw, William J. TI Evaluating wind fields from a diagnostic model over complex terrain in the Phoenix region and implications to dispersion calculations for regional emergency response SO METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE diagnostic model; dispersion; emergency response; uncertainty ID 4-DIMENSIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SYSTEM; TRANSPORT; CALMET; AREA AB This paper compares the wind field from a diagnostic model (CALMET) over complex terrain in the Phoenix region in the USA with observations that are gridded by a state-of-the-art Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation (FDDA) system. The wind difference between the CALMET and FDDA wind fields is larger at night than in the day. The magnitude of the wind difference can be smaller than 5% of the mean wind speed at low levels in areas with dense observational stations, while it can be larger than 80% in areas without observational stations or at high altitudes. The vector-mean wind direction difference over the domain is 15 degrees on the surface level and 25 degrees between 10 and 1500 m. To evaluate the effects of the wind difference on dispersion calculations, dispersion of a hypothetical passive tracer released from surface point sources is simulated by the second-order closure integrated puff (SCIPUFF) model driven by the CALMET and FDDA wind fields, respectively. Differences in the two simulated tracer concentration fields increase with time due to accumulation of effects of the wind differences both near the surface and at higher altitudes. Even for release in the area with the densest distribution of surface stations, the relative difference in the peak surface concentration from CALMET-SCIPUFF and from FDDA-SCIPUFF is less than 10% only within 0.5 h after the release in the afternoon, and increases to 70% at 1.5 h; this is because of large differences in wind above the surface. For release in the area with few stations, the difference can be larger than 100% or even larger after 1.5 h from the release. To improve dispersion simulations driven by the CALMET wind in the region, observations at Upper-air stations are needed and the current surface observation network needs to be reorganized or more stations are needed to account for the influence of terrain. Copyright Q 2009 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Wang, Weiguo; Shaw, William J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, WG (reprint author), EMC NCEP NOAA5200, Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD USA. EM wang_wg@yahoo.com RI Wang, Weiguo/B-4948-2009; OI Shaw, William/0000-0002-9979-1089 FU US Department of Homeland Security; Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830] FX This research was supported by the US Department of Homeland Security. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1350-4827 EI 1469-8080 J9 METEOROL APPL JI Meteorol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 16 IS 4 BP 557 EP 567 DI 10.1002/met.157 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 533KJ UT WOS:000272822200012 ER PT J AU Lo, CC Bonner, CA Xie, G D'Souza, M Jensen, RA AF Lo, Chien-Chi Bonner, Carol A. Xie, Gary D'Souza, Mark Jensen, Roy A. TI Cohesion Group Approach for Evolutionary Analysis of Aspartokinase, an Enzyme That Feeds a Branched Network of Many Biochemical Pathways SO MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID AMINO-ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; CONCERTED FEEDBACK INHIBITION; LL-DIAMINOPIMELATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ASPARTATE KINASE; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; HOMOSERINE DEHYDROGENASE; LYSINE BIOSYNTHESIS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; COMPATIBLE SOLUTE AB Aspartokinase (Ask) exists within a variable network that supports the synthesis of 9 amino acids and a number of other important metabolites. Lysine, isoleucine, aromatic amino acids, and dipicolinate may arise from the ASK network or from alternative pathways. Ask proteins were subjected to cohesion group analysis, a methodology that sorts a given protein assemblage into groups in which evolutionary continuity is assured. Two subhomology divisions, ASK(alpha) and ASK(beta), have been recognized. The ASK(alpha) subhomology division is the most ancient, being widely distributed throughout the Archaea and Eukarya and in some Bacteria. Within an indel region of about 75 amino acids near the N terminus, ASK(beta) sequences differ from ASK(alpha) sequences by the possession of a proposed ancient deletion. ASK(beta) sequences are present in most Bacteria and usually exhibit an in-frame internal translational start site that can generate a small Ask subunit that is identical to the C-terminal portion of the larger subunit of a heterodimeric unit. Particularly novel are ask genes embedded in gene contexts that imply specialization for ectoine (osmotic agent) or aromatic amino acids. The cohesion group approach is well suited for the easy recognition of relatively recent lateral gene transfer (LGT) events, and many examples of these are described. Given the current density of genome representation for Proteobacteria, it is possible to reconstruct more ancient landmark LGT events. Thus, a plausible scenario in which the three well-studied and iconic Ask homologs of Escherichia coli are not within the vertical genealogy of Gammaproteobacteria, but rather originated via LGT from a Bacteroidetes donor, is supported. C1 [Lo, Chien-Chi; Xie, Gary] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bonner, Carol A.; D'Souza, Mark; Jensen, Roy A.] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Jensen, RA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Emerson Hall,POB 14425, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. EM rjensen@ufl.edu OI xie, gary/0000-0002-9176-924X FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [HHSN266200400042C]; National Institutes of Health; Department of Health and Human Services; Argonne National Laboratory; National Microbial Pathogen Data Resource [NMPDR]; NIH NIDCR [Y1-DE-6006-02] FX This work was supported by Contract HHSN266200400042C from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services. We used the SEED environment (http://www.theseed.org/) (a comprehensive resource developed by the Fellowship for Interpretation of Genomes in collaboration with an international team of researchers, Argonne National Laboratory, and the National Microbial Pathogen Data Resource [NMPDR] [http://www.nmpdr.org/]) as our primary source of data and bioinformatics tools. Contract NIH NIDCR Y1-DE-6006-02 partially supported G. Xie and C.-C. Lo. NR 94 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1092-2172 J9 MICROBIOL MOL BIOL R JI Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 73 IS 4 BP 594 EP 651 DI 10.1128/MMBR.00024-09 PG 58 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 525DA UT WOS:000272192500003 PM 19946135 ER PT J AU Lany, S Zunger, A AF Lany, Stephan Zunger, Alex TI Accurate prediction of defect properties in density functional supercell calculations SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SELF-INTERACTION; POINT-DEFECTS; NATIVE DEFECTS; IMPURITIES; ENERGY; GAAS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS AB The theoretical description of defects and impurities in semiconductors is largely based on density functional theory (DFT) employing supercell models. The literature discussion of uncertainties that limit the predictivity of this approach has focused mostly on two issues: (1) finite-size effects, in particular for charged defects; (2) the band-gap problem in local or semi-local DFT approximations. We here describe how finite-size effects (1) in the formation energy of charged defects can be accurately corrected in a simple way, i.e. by potential alignment in conjunction with a scaling of the Madelung-like screened first order correction term. The factor involved with this scaling depends only on the dielectric constant and the shape of the supercell, and quite accurately accounts for the full third order correction according to Makov and Payne. We further discuss in some detail the background and justification for this correction method, and also address the effect of the ionic screening on the magnitude of the image charge energy. In regard to (2) the band-gap problem, we discuss the merits of non-local external potentials that are added to the DFT Hamiltonian and allow for an empirical band-gap correction without significantly increasing the computational demand over that of standard DFT calculations. In combination with LDA + U, these potentials are further instrumental for the prediction of polaronic defects with localized holes in anion-p orbitals, such as the metal-site acceptors in wide-gap oxide semiconductors. C1 [Lany, Stephan; Zunger, Alex] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Lany, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; OI Lany, Stephan/0000-0002-8127-8885 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This work was funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, under Contract No DE-AC36-08GO28308 to NREL. NR 78 TC 110 Z9 111 U1 10 U2 72 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 17 IS 8 AR 084002 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/17/8/084002 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 525WV UT WOS:000272249000003 ER PT J AU Schultz, PA von Lilienfeld, OA AF Schultz, Peter A. von Lilienfeld, O. Anatole TI Simple intrinsic defects in gallium arsenide SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID PERIODIC BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; IRRADIATION-INDUCED DEFECTS; LEVEL OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY; V COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; AS-GROWN GAAS; POINT-DEFECTS; BULK GAAS; AB-INITIO; FORMATION ENERGIES AB We investigate the structural properties and energy levels of simple intrinsic defects in gallium arsenide. The first-principles calculations (1) apply boundary conditions appropriate to charge defects in supercells and enable quantitatively accurate predictions of defect charge transitions with a supercell approximation, (2) are demonstrated to be converged with respect to cell size and (3) assess the sensitivity to model construction to Ga pseudopotential construction (3d core or 3d valence) and density functionals (local density or generalized gradient approximation). With these factors controlled, we present the first quantitatively reliable survey of defect levels in GaAs, reassess the available literature and begin to decipher the complexity of GaAs defect chemistry. The computed defect level spectrum spans the experimental GaAs band gap, defects exhibit multiple bistabilities with (sometimes overlapping) negative-U systems, express more extensive charge states than previously anticipated and collectively suggest that our atomistic understanding of GaAs defect physics needs to be reassessed. C1 [Schultz, Peter A.; von Lilienfeld, O. Anatole] Sandia Natl Labs, Multiscale Dynam Mat Modeling Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Schultz, PA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Multiscale Dynam Mat Modeling Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM paschul@sandia.gov RI von Lilienfeld, O. Anatole/D-8529-2011 FU QASPR (Qualification Alternatives for the Sandia Pulsed Reactor); Sandia Truman Fellowship Program; LDRD [120209]; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors are grateful to Robert Fleming and David Lang for helping them decipher the extensive experimental lore on radiation-damaged GaAs. They thank Harold P Hjalmarson and Arthur H. Edwards for useful discussions regarding the modeling of defects in semiconductors and GaAs. Calculations were performed on the Thunderbird Linux Cluster at Sandia, and the authors extend their gratitude for the Capacity Computing and Visualization Team for their support on the Tbird systems. The authors acknowledge the QASPR (Qualification Alternatives for the Sandia Pulsed Reactor) project for financial support of this work, and OAvL acknowledges support from the Sandia Truman Fellowship Program, LDRD Project No 120209. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 100 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 21 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 EI 1361-651X J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 17 IS 8 AR 084007 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/17/8/084007 PG 35 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 525WV UT WOS:000272249000008 ER PT J AU Schultz, PA AF Schultz, Peter A. TI Challenges for first-principles based properties of defects in semiconductors and oxides SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Schultz, PA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 17 IS 8 AR 080201 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/17/8/080201 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 525WV UT WOS:000272249000001 ER PT J AU Keim, P Gruendike, JM Klevytska, AM Schupp, JM Challacombe, J Okinaka, R AF Keim, Paul Gruendike, Jeffrey M. Klevytska, Alexandra M. Schupp, James M. Challacombe, Jean Okinaka, Richard TI The genome and variation of Bacillus anthracis SO MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Variable number tandem repeats; Chromosomal inversion; Phylogeny ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; CLOSELY-RELATED BACTERIA; YERSINIA-PESTIS; SEQUENCE CONSERVATION; SUBTILIS SPOIIIE; CEREUS GROUP; TOXIN GENES; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY; THURINGIENSIS AB The Bacillus anthracis genome reflects its close genetic ties to Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis but has been shaped by its own unique biology and evolutionary forces. The genome is comprised of a chromosome and two large virulence plasmids, pXO1 and pXO2. The chromosome is mostly co-linear among B. anthracis strains and even with the closest near neighbor strains. An exception to this pattern has been observed in a large inversion in an attenuated strain suggesting that chromosome co-linearity is important to the natural biology of this pathogen. In general, there are few polymorphic nucleotides among B. anthracis strains reflecting the short evolutionary time since its derivation from a B. cereus-like ancestor. The exceptions to this lack of diversity are the variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci that exist in genic and non genic regions of the chromosome and both plasmids. Their variation is associated with high mutability that is driven by rapid insertion and deletion of the repeats within an array. A notable example is found in the vrrC locus which is homologous to known DNA translocase genes from other bacteria. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Keim, Paul; Gruendike, Jeffrey M.; Klevytska, Alexandra M.; Schupp, James M.; Okinaka, Richard] No Arizona Univ, Microbial Genet & Genom Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Keim, Paul] Translat Genom Res Inst, Div Pathogen Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Keim, Paul; Challacombe, Jean; Okinaka, Richard] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Genome Sci Joint Genome Inst B6, Biosci Div MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Keim, P (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Microbial Genet & Genom Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM Paul.Keim@nau.edu RI Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM060795, R01 GM060795-01] NR 50 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-2997 J9 MOL ASPECTS MED JI Mol. Asp. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 30 IS 6 BP 397 EP 405 DI 10.1016/j.mam.2009.08.005 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 532NE UT WOS:000272755000007 PM 19729033 ER PT J AU Pang, JF Kluetsch, C Zou, XJ Zhang, AB Luo, LY Angleby, H Ardalan, A Ekstrom, C Skollermo, A Lundeberg, J Matsumura, S Leitner, T Zhang, YP Savolainen, P AF Pang, Jun-Feng Kluetsch, Cornelya Zou, Xiao-Ju Zhang, Ai-bing Luo, Li-Yang Angleby, Helen Ardalan, Arman Ekstrom, Camilla Skollermo, Anna Lundeberg, Joakim Matsumura, Shuichi Leitner, Thomas Zhang, Ya-Ping Savolainen, Peter TI mtDNA Data Indicate a Single Origin for Dogs South of Yangtze River, Less Than 16,300 Years Ago, from Numerous Wolves SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE dog; Canis familiaris; domestication; mitochondrial DNA ID DOMESTIC DOG; WORLD DOGS; DNA; GENOME; ARCHAEOLOGY; SEQUENCES; ANCESTOR; EAST AB There is no generally accepted picture of where, when, and how the domestic dog originated. Previous studies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have failed to establish the time and precise place of origin because of lack of phylogenetic resolution in the so far studied control region (CR), and inadequate sampling. We therefore analyzed entire mitochondrial genomes for 169 dogs to obtain maximal phylogenetic resolution and the CR for 1,543 dogs across the Old World for a comprehensive picture of geographical diversity. Hereby, a detailed picture of the origins of the dog can for the first time be suggested. We obtained evidence that the dog has a single origin in time and space and an estimation of the time of origin, number of founders, and approximate region, which also gives potential clues about the human culture involved. The analyses showed that dogs universally share a common homogenous gene pool containing 10 major haplogroups. However, the full range of genetic diversity, all 10 haplogroups, was found only in southeastern Asia south of Yangtze River, and diversity decreased following a gradient across Eurasia, through seven haplogroups in Central China and five in North China and Southwest (SW)Asia, down to only four haplogroups in Europe. The mean sequence distance to ancestral haplotypes indicates an origin 5,400-16,300 years ago (ya) from at least 51 female wolf founders. These results indicate that the domestic dog originated in southern China less than 16,300 ya, from several hundred wolves. The place and time coincide approximately with the origin of rice agriculture, suggesting that the dogs may have originated among sedentary hunter-gatherers or early farmers, and the numerous founders indicate that wolf taming was an important culture trait. C1 [Pang, Jun-Feng; Luo, Li-Yang; Zhang, Ya-Ping] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut, Kunming, Peoples R China. [Pang, Jun-Feng; Zou, Xiao-Ju; Zhang, Ya-Ping] Yunnan Univ, Lab Conservat & Utilizat Bioresource, Kunming 650091, Peoples R China. [Kluetsch, Cornelya; Zhang, Ai-bing; Angleby, Helen; Ardalan, Arman; Ekstrom, Camilla; Skollermo, Anna; Lundeberg, Joakim; Savolainen, Peter] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Sch Biotechnol, Dept Gene Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. [Luo, Li-Yang] NE Forestry Univ, Coll Wildlife Resource, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Ardalan, Arman] NIGEB, Tehran, Iran. [Ardalan, Arman] Univ Tehran, Sch Agron & Anim Sci, Karaj, Iran. [Matsumura, Shuichi] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, Evolut & Ecol Program, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria. [Matsumura, Shuichi] Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Dept Fish Biol & Ecol, Berlin, Germany. [Leitner, Thomas] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Pang, JF (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut, Kunming, Peoples R China. EM zhangyp@mail.kiz.ac.cn; savo@biotech.kth.se RI Pang, Junfeng /C-7783-2011; Matsumura, Shuichi/C-7986-2013; Pang, Junfeng/I-9148-2014 OI Matsumura, Shuichi/0000-0002-0368-006X; FU National Basic Research Program of China [2007CB815700]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [KSCX2-YW-N-018]; Bureau of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30621092]; Swedish Research Council; Edla Johanssons Scientific Foundation; Carl Trygger Foundation; Wenner-Gren Foundations; Swedish Kennel Club; Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation FX This work was supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2007CB815700), Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-YW-N-018), Bureau of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province, National Natural Science Foundation of China (30621092), the Swedish Research Council, OE and Edla Johanssons Scientific Foundation, the Carl Trygger Foundation, the Wenner-Gren Foundations, and the Swedish Kennel Club. Peter Savolainen is a Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow supported by a grant from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. NR 49 TC 152 Z9 158 U1 14 U2 107 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0737-4038 J9 MOL BIOL EVOL JI Mol. Biol. Evol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 26 IS 12 BP 2849 EP 2864 DI 10.1093/molbev/msp195 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 520CV UT WOS:000271818500018 PM 19723671 ER PT J AU Denning, EJ Crozier, PS Sachs, JN Woolf, TB AF Denning, Elizabeth J. Crozier, Paul S. Sachs, Jonathan N. Woolf, Thomas B. TI From the gating charge response to pore domain movement: Initial motions of Kv1.2 dynamics under physiological voltage changes SO MOLECULAR MEMBRANE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Voltage gating; ionic solution; double-layer effect; S4 domain ID POTASSIUM CHANNEL KCSA; DEPENDENT K+ CHANNEL; ARGININE SIDE-CHAIN; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; GENERALIZED BORN; LIPID-MEMBRANE; ELECTRIC-FIELD; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; SENSOR; ENVIRONMENT AB Recent structures of the potassium channel provide an essential beginning point for explaining how the pore is gated between open and closed conformations by changes in membrane voltage. Yet, the molecular details of this process and the connections to transmembrane gradients are not understood. To begin addressing how changes within a membrane environment lead to die channel's ability to sense shifts in membrane voltage and to gate, we performed double-bilayer simulations of the Kv1.2 channel. These double-bilayer simulations enable us to simulate realistic voltage drops from resting potential conditions to depolarized conditions by changes in the bath conditions on each side of the bilayer. Our results show how the voltage sensor domain movement responds to differences in transmembrane potential. The initial voltage sensor domain movement, S4 in particular, is modulated by the gating charge response to changes in voltage and is initially stabilized by tic lipid headgroups We show this response is directly coupled to the initial stages of pore domain motion. Results presented here provide a molecular model for how the pre-gating process occurs in sequential steps: Gating charge response, movement and stabilization of the S4 voltage sensor domain, and movement near the base of the S5 region to close the pore domain. C1 [Woolf, Thomas B.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Denning, Elizabeth J.; Woolf, Thomas B.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Biophys, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Crozier, Paul S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Multiscale Dynam Mat Modeling, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Sachs, Jonathan N.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Biomed Engn, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Woolf, TB (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Physiol, 725 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM064746, R01 GM064746-04, GM064746] NR 46 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0968-7688 J9 MOL MEMBR BIOL JI Mol. Membr. Biol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 26 IS 8 BP 397 EP 421 DI 10.3109/09687680903278539 PG 25 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 532NU UT WOS:000272757100002 PM 19883299 ER PT J AU Shankaran, H Ippolito, DL Chrisler, WB Resat, H Bollinger, N Opresko, LK Wiley, HS AF Shankaran, Harish Ippolito, Danielle L. Chrisler, William B. Resat, Haluk Bollinger, Nikki Opresko, Lee K. Wiley, H. Steven TI Rapid and sustained nuclear-cytoplasmic ERK oscillations induced by epidermal growth factor SO MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cell signaling; feedback; MAPK; mathematical modeling; microscopy ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PROTEIN-KINASE CASCADE; NEGATIVE FEEDBACK; FACTOR RECEPTOR; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; MAPK CASCADE; DYNAMICS; EGF; ACTIVATION AB Although the ERK pathway has a central role in the response of cells to growth factors, its regulatory structure and dynamics are incompletely understood. To investigate ERK activation in real time, we expressed an ERK-GFP fusion protein in human mammary epithelial cells. On EGF stimulation, we observed sustained oscillations of the ERK-GFP fusion protein between the nucleus and cytoplasm with a periodicity of similar to 15 min. The oscillations were persistent (>45 cycles), independent of cell cycle phase, and were highly dependent on cell density, essentially disappearing at confluency. Oscillations occurred even at ligand doses that elicited very low levels of ERK phosphorylation, and could be detected biochemically in both transfected and nontransfected cells. Mathematical modeling revealed that negative feedback from phosphorylated ERK to the cascade input was necessary to match the robustness of the oscillation characteristics observed over a broad range of ligand concentrations. Our characterization of single-cell ERK dynamics provides a quantitative foundation for understanding the regulatory structure of this signaling cascade. Molecular Systems Biology 5: 332; published online 1 December 2009; doi:10.1038/msb.2009.90 C1 [Wiley, H. Steven] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ippolito, Danielle L.; Chrisler, William B.; Bollinger, Nikki; Opresko, Lee K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Shankaran, Harish; Resat, Haluk] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Shankaran, Harish; Ippolito, Danielle L.; Chrisler, William B.; Resat, Haluk; Bollinger, Nikki; Opresko, Lee K.; Wiley, H. Steven] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Syst Biol Program, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wiley, HS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,MS K8-96, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Steven.Wiley@pnl.gov OI Wiley, Steven/0000-0003-0232-6867 FU Biomolecular Systems; Development Program at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; NIH [5R01GM072821-03] FX This study was funded by the Biomolecular Systems Initiative through the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830, and by NIH Grant 5R01GM072821-03 to HR. A part of the research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. NR 38 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 16 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1744-4292 J9 MOL SYST BIOL JI Mol. Syst. Biol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 5 AR 332 DI 10.1038/msb.2009.90 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 540SK UT WOS:000273359200003 PM 19953086 ER PT J AU Tao, C Sun, J Zhang, X Yamachika, R Wegner, D Bahri, Y Samsonidze, G Cohen, ML Louie, SG Tilley, TD Segalman, RA Crommie, MF AF Tao, Chenggang Sun, Jibin Zhang, Xiaowei Yamachika, Ryan Wegner, Daniel Bahri, Yasaman Samsonidze, Georgy Cohen, Marvin L. Louie, Steven G. Tilley, T. Don Segalman, Rachel A. Crommie, Michael F. TI Spatial Resolution of a Type II Heterojunction in a Single Bipolar Molecule SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL; CHARGE SEPARATION; RECTIFIERS AB Bipolar molecules incorporating donor and acceptor components within a single molecule create exciting device opportunities due to their possible use as nanoscale p-n heterojunctions. Here we report a direct characterization of the internal electronic structure of a single bipolar molecular heterojunction, including subnanometer features of the intramolecular donor-acceptor interface. Angstrom-resolved scanning tunneling spectroscopy was used to map the energy levels and spatial extent of molecular orbitals across the surface of an individual bipolar molecule, bithiophene naphthalene diimide (BND). We find that individual BND molecules exhibit type II heterojunction behavior with orbital energy shifts occurring over subnanometer intramolecular interface distances. Comparison of this behavior with first-principles theoretical modeling provides new insights into the optimization of these molecular systems. C1 [Tao, Chenggang; Zhang, Xiaowei; Yamachika, Ryan; Wegner, Daniel; Bahri, Yasaman; Samsonidze, Georgy; Cohen, Marvin L.; Louie, Steven G.; Crommie, Michael F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sun, Jibin; Segalman, Rachel A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sun, Jibin; Tilley, T. Don] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tao, Chenggang; Zhang, Xiaowei; Samsonidze, Georgy; Cohen, Marvin L.; Louie, Steven G.; Segalman, Rachel A.; Crommie, Michael F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tilley, T. Don] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Crommie, MF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM crommie@berkeley.edu RI Wegner, Daniel/G-3545-2011; Wegner, Daniel/F-9700-2015; Samsonidze, Georgy/G-3613-2016 OI Samsonidze, Georgy/0000-0002-3759-1794 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Computational resources have been provided by DOE at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's NERSC facility. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 6 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 3963 EP 3967 DI 10.1021/nl901860n PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400001 PM 19904920 ER PT J AU Vukmirovic, N Wang, LW AF Vukmirovic, Nenad Wang, Lin-Wang TI Charge Carrier Motion in Disordered Conjugated Polymers: A Multiscale Ab Initio Study SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS; TRANSPORT; MOBILITY; POLYTHIOPHENE; TRANSISTORS; SOLIDS; DIODES; FILMS; CELLS AB We developed an ab initio multiscale method for simulation of carrier transport in large disordered systems, based on direct calculation of electronic states and electron-phonon coupling constants. It enabled us to obtain the never seen before rich microscopic details of carrier motion in conjugated polymers, which led us to question several assumptions of phenomenological models, widely used in such systems. The macroscopic mobility of disordered poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) polymer, extracted from our simulation, is in agreement with experimental results from the literature. C1 [Vukmirovic, Nenad; Wang, Lin-Wang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vukmirovic, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM NVukmirovic@lbl.gov RI Vukmirovic, Nenad/D-9489-2011 OI Vukmirovic, Nenad/0000-0002-4101-1713 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the DMS/BES/SC of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. It used the resources of National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (N-ERSC). NR 35 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 3996 EP 4000 DI 10.1021/nl9021539 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400007 PM 19908900 ER PT J AU Cao, J Fan, W Zheng, H Wu, J AF Cao, J. Fan, W. Zheng, H. Wu, J. TI Thermoelectric Effect across the Metal-insulator Domain Walls in VO2 Microbeams SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VANADIUM DIOXIDE; SILICON NANOWIRES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MOTT TRANSITION; NANOBEAMS; ENHANCEMENT AB We report on measurements of Seebeck effect in single-crystal VO2 microbeams across their metal-insulator phase transition. One-dimensionally aligned metal-insulator domain walls were reversibly created and eliminated along single VO2 beams by varying temperature, which allows for accurate extraction of the net contribution to the Seebeck effect from these domain walls. We observed significantly lower Seebeck coefficient in the metal-insulator coexisting regime than predicted by a linear combination of contributions from the insulator and metal domains. This indicates that the net contribution of the domain walls has an opposite sign from that of the insulator and metal phases separately. Possible origins that may be responsible for this unexpected effect were discussed in the context of complications in this correlated electron material. C1 [Cao, J.; Fan, W.; Wu, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cao, J.; Zheng, H.; Wu, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fan, W.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Thermal Sci & Energy Engn, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Zheng, H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wu, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wuj@berkeley.edu RI Cao, Jinbo/C-7537-2009; Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011 OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148 FU National Science Foundation [EEC-0425914]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) under the Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank J. W. L. Yim, K. Hippalgaonkar, and R. Chen for assistance in the thermoelectric measurements. This work was supported in part by National Science Foundation under Grant EEC-0425914 and in part by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) under the Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. TEM work was performed at the National Center for Electron Microscopy, LBNL. NR 31 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 58 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4001 EP 4006 DI 10.1021/nl902167b PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400008 PM 19810748 ER PT J AU Jiang, DE Cooper, VR Dai, S AF Jiang, De-en Cooper, Valentino R. Dai, Sheng TI Porous Graphene as the Ultimate Membrane for Gas Separation SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; HYDROGEN SEPARATION; SILICA MEMBRANES; BASIS-SET AB We investigate the permeability and selectivity of graphene sheets with designed subnanometer pores using first principles density functional theory calculations. We find high selectivity on the order of 10(8) for H(2)/CH(4) with a high H(2) permeance for a nitrogen-functionalized pore. We find extremely high selectivity on the order of 10(23) for H(2)/CH(4) for an all-hydrogen passivated pore whose small width (at 2.5 angstrom) presents a formidable barrier (1.6 eV) for CH(4) but easily surmountable for H(2) (0.22 eV). These results suggest that these pores are far superior to traditional polymer and silica membranes, where bulk solubility and diffusivity dominate the transport of gas molecules through the material. Recent experimental investigations, using either electron beams or bottom-up synthesis to create pores in graphene, suggest that it may be possible to employ such techniques to engineer variable-sized, graphene nanopores to tune selectivity and molecular diffusivity. Hence, we propose using porous graphene sheets as one-atom-thin, highly efficient, and highly selective membranes for gas separation. Such a pore could have widespread impact on numerous energy and technological applications; including carbon sequestration, fuel cells, and gas sensors. C1 [Jiang, De-en; Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Cooper, Valentino R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jiang, DE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jiangd@ornl.gov; coopervr@ornl.gov RI Jiang, De-en/D-9529-2011; Cooper, Valentino /A-2070-2012; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Jiang, De-en/0000-0001-5167-0731; Cooper, Valentino /0000-0001-6714-4410; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX D.J. and S.D. were supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, and V.R.C. was supported by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy Under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 32 TC 318 Z9 323 U1 50 U2 452 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4019 EP 4024 DI 10.1021/nl9021946 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400011 PM 19995080 ER PT J AU Xiang, HJ Kan, EJ Wei, SH Whangbo, MH Yang, JL AF Xiang, Hongjun Kan, Erjun Wei, Su-Huai Whangbo, Myung-Hwan Yang, Jinlong TI "Narrow" Graphene Nanoribbons Made Easier by Partial Hydrogenation SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; CARBON NANOTUBES; ELECTRONICS; FORM AB It is highly desirable to produce narrow-width graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with smooth edges in large scale. In an attempt to solve this difficult problem, we examined the hydrogenation of GNRs on the basis of first principles density functional calculations. Our study shows that narrow GNRs can be readily obtained from wide GNRs by partial hydrogenation. The hydrogenation of GNRs starts from the edges of GNRs and proceeds gradually toward the middle of the GNRs so as to maximize the number of carbon-carbon pi-pi bonds, hence effectively leading to narrower GNRs. Furthermore, the partially hydrogenated wide GNRs have similar electronic and magnetic properties as those of the narrow GNRs representing their graphene parts. Therefore, partial hydrogenation of wide GNRs should be a practical and reliable method to produce narrow GNRs in large scale. C1 [Xiang, Hongjun; Wei, Su-Huai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Kan, Erjun; Whangbo, Myung-Hwan] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Yang, Jinlong] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. RP Xiang, HJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM hongjun_xiang@nrel.gov RI Yang, Jinlong/D-3465-2009; Kan, Erjun/A-4322-2009; Xiang, Hongjun/I-4305-2016 OI Yang, Jinlong/0000-0002-5651-5340; Kan, Erjun/0000-0003-0433-4190; Xiang, Hongjun/0000-0002-9396-3214 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308, DE-FG02-86ER45259] FX Work at NREL was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308, and work at NCSU by the U.S. Department of Energy, under Grant DE-FG02-86ER45259. We thank Shuanglin Hu for his critical reading of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 10 U2 74 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4025 EP 4030 DI 10.1021/nl902198u PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400012 PM 19995081 ER PT J AU Arslan, I Hyun, JK Erni, R Fairchild, MN Hersee, SD Muller, DA AF Arslan, Ilke Hyun, Jerome K. Erni, Rolf Fairchild, Michael N. Hersee, Stephen D. Muller, David A. TI Using Electrons As a High-Resolution Probe of Optical Modes in Individual Nanowires SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC-SCATTERING; SURFACE-PLASMONS; GUIDED MODES; SOLAR-CELLS; ENERGY-LOSS; FILMS; SCALE; GAN AB While nanowires show increasing promise for optoelectronic applications, probing the subwavelength details of their optical modes has been a challenge with light-based techniques. Here we report the excitation of dielectric optical waveguide modes in a single GaN nanowire using transition radiation generated by a 1 nm diameter electron beam. This spatially resolved study opens important gateways to probing the optical modes of more complex nanostructures, fundamental for optimization of optoelectronic device performance. C1 [Hyun, Jerome K.; Muller, David A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Erni, Rolf] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Arslan, Ilke] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Fairchild, Michael N.; Hersee, Stephen D.] Univ New Mexico, CHTM, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Arslan, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM iarslan@ucdavis.edu; jkh32@cornell.edu RI Hyun, Jerome/K-7884-2013; Erni, Rolf/P-7435-2014; Muller, David/A-7745-2010 OI Hyun, Jerome/0000-0002-2630-5051; Erni, Rolf/0000-0003-2391-5943; Muller, David/0000-0003-4129-0473 FU National Security Science and Engineering; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program (LDRD); Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National Science Foundation (NSF); Cornell Center for Nanoscale Systems; NSF NSEC FX I.A. gratefully acknowledges Support by Sandia's President Harry S. Truman Fellowship in National Security Science and Engineering, a Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program (LDRD). Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Calculations for this work were performed on the Intel Computing Cluster at the Cornell Nanoscale Facility, a member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN) funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF). J.K.H. was supported by the Cornell Center for Nanoscale Systems, an NSF NSEC. S.D.H. and M.S.F. wish discussions with Aycan Yurtsever and bulk dielectric models from Martin Couillard are acknowledged. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4073 EP 4077 DI 10.1021/nl902266n PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400020 PM 19835353 ER PT J AU Kim, MH Lee, B Lee, S Larson, C Baik, JM Yavuz, CT Seifert, S Vajda, S Winans, RE Moskovits, M Stucky, GD Wodtke, AM AF Kim, Myung Hwa Lee, Byeongdu Lee, Sungsik Larson, Christopher Baik, Jeong Min Yavuz, Cafer T. Seifert, Soenke Vajda, Stefan Winans, Randall E. Moskovits, Martin Stucky, Galen D. Wodtke, Alec M. TI Growth of Metal Oxide Nanowires from Supercooled Liquid Nanodroplets SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; TEMPERATURE; PARTICLES; MECHANISM; V2O5; VO2 AB Nanometer-sized liquid droplets formed at temperatures below the bulk melting point become supercooled as they grow through Ostwald ripening or coalescence and can be exploited to grow nanowires without any catalyst. We used this simple approach to synthesize a number of highly crystalline metal oxide nanowires in a chemical or physical vapor deposition apparatus. Examples of nanowires made in this way include VO2, V2O5, RuO2, MoO2, MoO3, and Fe3O4, some of which have not been previously reported. Direct evidence of this new mechanism of nanowire growth is found from in situ 2-dimensional GISAXS (grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering) measurements Of VO2 nanowire growth, which provides quantitative information on the shapes and sizes of growing nanowires as well as direct evidence of the presence of supercooled liquid droplets. We observe dramatic changes in nanowire growth by varying the choice of substrate, reflecting the influence of wetting forces on the supercooled nanodroplet shape and mobility as well as substrate-nanowire lattice matching on the definition of nanowire orientation. Surfaces with defects can also be used to pattern the growth of the nanowires. The simplicity of this synthesis concept suggests it may be rather general in its application. C1 [Kim, Myung Hwa; Larson, Christopher; Baik, Jeong Min; Yavuz, Cafer T.; Moskovits, Martin; Stucky, Galen D.; Wodtke, Alec M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Lee, Byeongdu; Seifert, Soenke; Winans, Randall E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, X Ray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lee, Sungsik; Vajda, Stefan] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Vajda, Stefan] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Vajda, Stefan] Yale Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Stucky, GD (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM stucky@chem.ucsb.edu; wodtke@chem.ucsb.edu RI Yavuz, Cafer/B-8330-2011; Wodtke, Alec/I-4848-2012; Baik, Jeong Min/E-9205-2010; OI Yavuz, Cafer/0000-0003-0580-3331; Wodtke, Alec/0000-0002-6509-2183; Lee, Byeongdu/0000-0003-2514-8805 FU NSF [OISE-0530268]; US Department of Energy, BES-Chemical Sciences and BES-Scientific User Facilities [DE-AC-02-06CH11357] FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Partnership for International Research and Education - for Electronic Chemistry and Catalysis at Interfaces - NSF Grant No. OISE-0530268. The work at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy, BES-Chemical Sciences and BES-Scientific User Facilities under Contract DE-AC-02-06CH11357 with UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory. S.V. gratefully acknowledges the support by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. We also thank Mr. Kayrat Sabyrov's contribution to this work. NR 28 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 7 U2 71 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4138 EP 4146 DI 10.1021/nl902357q PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400032 PM 19780585 ER PT J AU Cates, NC Gysel, R Beiley, Z Miller, CE Toney, MF Heeney, M McCulloch, I McGehee, MD AF Cates, Nichole C. Gysel, Roman Beiley, Zach Miller, Chad E. Toney, Michael F. Heeney, Martin McCulloch, Iain McGehee, Michael D. TI Tuning the Properties of Polymer Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells by Adjusting Fullerene Size to Control Intercalation SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINATION AB We demonstrate that intercalation of fullerene derivatives between the side chains of conjugated polymers can be controlled by adjusting the fullerene size and compare the properties of intercalated and nonintercalated poly(2,5-bis(3-hexadecylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (pBTTT):fullerene blends. The intercalated blends, which exhibit optimal solar-cell performance at 1:4 polymer:fullerene by weight, have better photoluminescence quenching and lower absorption than the nonintercalated blends, which optimize at 1:1. Understanding how intercalation affects performance will enable more effective design of polymer:fullerene solar cells. C1 [Cates, Nichole C.; Gysel, Roman; Beiley, Zach; McGehee, Michael D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Miller, Chad E.; Toney, Michael F.] Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Heeney, Martin; McCulloch, Iain] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AZ, England. RP McGehee, MD (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM mmcgehee@stanford.edu RI Miller, Nichole/A-6184-2011; Heeney, Martin/O-1916-2013 OI Miller, Nichole/0000-0003-0708-5943; Heeney, Martin/0000-0001-6879-5020 FU Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Center for Advanced Molecular Photovoltaics [KUS-C1-015-21]; National Science Foundation; Swiss National Science Foundation FX This work was primarily supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. C.E.M. was supported by the Center for Advanced Molecular Photovoltaics (Award No KUS-C1-015-21), made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). Additional funding was provided by the National Science Foundation (N.C.C.) and the Swiss National Science Foundation (R.G.). Portions of this research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. NR 16 TC 182 Z9 183 U1 6 U2 81 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4153 EP 4157 DI 10.1021/nl9023808 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400034 PM 19780570 ER PT J AU Park, CH Giustino, F Spataru, CD Cohen, ML Louie, SG AF Park, Cheol-Hwan Giustino, Feliciano Spataru, Catalin D. Cohen, Marvin L. Louie, Steven G. TI Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectra of Graphene from First-Principles Calculations SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; BANDGAP; GAS AB Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is a powerful experimental technique for directly probing electron dynamics in solids. The energy versus momentum dispersion relations and the associated spectral broadenings measured by ARPES provide a wealth of information on quantum many-body interaction effects. In particular, ARPES allows studies of the Coulomb interaction among electrons (electron-electron interactions) and the interaction between electrons and lattice vibrations (electron-phonon interactions). Here, we report ab initio simulations of the ARPES spectra of graphene including both electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions on the same footing. Our calculations reproduce some of the key experimental observations related to many-body effects, including the indication of a mismatch between the upper and lower halves of the Dirac cone. C1 [Park, Cheol-Hwan; Giustino, Feliciano; Cohen, Marvin L.; Louie, Steven G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Park, Cheol-Hwan; Giustino, Feliciano; Cohen, Marvin L.; Louie, Steven G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Giustino, Feliciano] Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Oxford OX1 3PH, England. [Spataru, Catalin D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Louie, SG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sgiouie@berkeley.edu RI Park, Cheol-Hwan/A-1543-2009; Giustino, Feliciano/F-6343-2013; OI Park, Cheol-Hwan/0000-0003-1584-6896; Giustino, Feliciano/0000-0001-9293-1176 FU NSF [DMR07-05941]; Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors thank D. M. Basko, E. H. Hwang, Y.-W. Son, A. Lanzara, and E. Rotenberg for fruitful discussions. C.-H. P. and the simulation studies were supported by a NSF grant no. DMR07-05941, and F. G. and the codes on calculating electron-phonon self-energy were supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. DOE. Computational resources have been provided by TeraGrid and NERSC. NR 33 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4234 EP 4239 DI 10.1021/nl902448v PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400047 PM 19856901 ER PT J AU Zhang, XG Pantelides, ST AF Zhang, X. -G. Pantelides, S. T. TI Screening in Nanowires and Nanocontacts: Field Emission, Adhesion Force, and Contact Resistance SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTIZED CONDUCTANCE; NANONEEDLE ARRAYS; TEMPERATURE; METALS; ENERGY; FILMS; WIRES AB The explanations of several nanoscale phenomena such as the field enhancement factor in field emission, the large decay length of the adhesion force between a metallic tip and a surface, and the contact resistance in a nanowire break junction have been elusive. Here we develop an analytical theory of Thomas-Fermi screening in nanoscale structures. We demonstrate that nanoscale dimensions give rise to an effective screening length that depends on the geometry and physical boundary conditions. The above phenomena are shown to be manifestations of the effective screening length. C1 [Zhang, X. -G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zhang, X. -G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Pantelides, S. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Pantelides, S. T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Zhang, XG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. DOE; DOE Office of BES, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DEFG0203ER46096]; McMinn Endowment at Vanderbilt University FX This research was conducted at the CNMS sponsored at ORNL by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. DOE. The work was further supported by the DOE Office of BES, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Grant No. DEFG0203ER46096, and by the McMinn Endowment at Vanderbilt University. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4306 EP 4310 DI 10.1021/nl902533n PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400060 PM 19845331 ER PT J AU Sessi, P Guest, JR Bode, M Guisinger, NP AF Sessi, Paolo Guest, Jeffrey R. Bode, Matthias Guisinger, Nathan P. TI Patterning Graphene at the Nanometer Scale via Hydrogen Desorption SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; BILAYER GRAPHENE; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; DEVICES; GAS AB We have demonstrated the reversible and local modification of the electronic properties of graphene by hydrogen passivation and subsequent electron-stimulated hydrogen desorption with an scanning tunneling microscope tip. In addition to changing the morphology, we show that the hydrogen passivation is stable at room temperature and modifies the electronic properties of graphene, opening a gap in the local density of states. This insulating state is reversed by local desorption of the hydrogen, and the unaltered electronic properties of graphene are recovered. Using this mechanism, we have "written" graphene patterns on nanometer length scales. For patterned regions that are roughly 20 nm or greater, the inherent electronic properties of graphene are completely recovered. Below 20 nm we observe dramatic variations in the electronic properties of the graphene as a function of pattern size. This reversible and local mechanism for modifying the electronic properties of graphene has far-reaching implications for nanoscale circuitry fabricated from this revolutionary material. C1 [Guest, Jeffrey R.; Bode, Matthias; Guisinger, Nathan P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Sessi, Paolo] Politecn Milan, CNISM, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Guisinger, NP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 440, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM nguisinger@anl.gov RI Guest, Jeffrey/B-2715-2009; Sessi, Paolo/L-6186-2015; Bode, Matthias/S-3249-2016 OI Guest, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9756-8801; Sessi, Paolo/0000-0003-1261-0386; Bode, Matthias/0000-0001-7514-5560 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors would like to thank H. Zheng and J. F. Mitchell for assistance in sample preparation and B. L. Fisher for his technical assistance. NR 22 TC 122 Z9 123 U1 13 U2 68 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4343 EP 4347 DI 10.1021/nl902605t PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400066 PM 19883050 ER PT J AU Troparevsky, MC Zhao, K Xiao, D Zhang, ZY Eguiluz, AG AF Troparevsky, M. Claudia Zhao, Ke Xiao, Di Zhang, Zhenyu Eguiluz, Adolfo G. TI Tuning the Electronic Coupling and Magnetic Moment of a Metal Nanoparticle Dimer in the Nonlinear Dielectric-Response Regime SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; QUANTUM DOTS; NANOCRYSTALS; JUNCTIONS; NANOSTRUCTURES; MULTIFERROICS; SPECTROSCOPY; NANOCLUSTERS; MOLECULES; CLUSTERS AB We show that the electronic coupling and magnetic moment of a silver nanoparticle dimer can be readily tuned by applying an electric field in the nonlinear dielectric-response regime. For a given interparticle separation, the electronic coupling becomes tunable as soon as the system crosses over from the linear to nonlinear regime. Remarkably, this transition takes place for modest strengths of the electric field. Further increase of the field strength may close the HOMO-LUMO gap of the dimer due to Stark shifts, accompanied by the emergence of a net magnetic moment from two nonmagnetic building blocks. These findings, obtained within density functional theory, exhibit the delicate coupling between the electronic and magnetic degrees of freedom and point to new approaches to gain multifunctionality of nanoparticle aggregates. C1 [Troparevsky, M. Claudia; Zhao, Ke; Zhang, Zhenyu; Eguiluz, Adolfo G.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Troparevsky, M. Claudia; Zhao, Ke; Xiao, Di; Zhang, Zhenyu; Eguiluz, Adolfo G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Troparevsky, MC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Xiao, Di/B-1830-2008 OI Xiao, Di/0000-0003-0165-6848 FU NSF [OCI-0904972, DMR-0906025, DMRITRO219332]; DOE [DEFG0205ER46209]; Division of Material Sciences and Engineering; Office of Basic Sciences; BES-CMSN/PCSCS FX This work was supported in part by NSF (Grant Nos. OCI-0904972, DMR-0906025, and DMRITRO219332), and by DOE (Grant No. DEFG0205ER46209, and the Division of Material Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Sciences, and BES-CMSN/PCSCS). The calculations were performed at NERSC. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4452 EP 4455 DI 10.1021/nl9027389 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400085 PM 19877688 ER PT J AU Zhang, Z Weber-Bargioni, A Wu, SW Dhuey, S Cabrini, S Schuck, PJ AF Zhang, Z. Weber-Bargioni, A. Wu, S. W. Dhuey, S. Cabrini, S. Schuck, P. J. TI Manipulating Nanoscale Light Fields with the Asymmetric Bowtie Nano-Colorsorter SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEAR-FIELD; GERMANIUM PHOTODETECTOR; PLASMONIC NANOCAVITIES; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; WAVE-GUIDES; NANOANTENNAS; ANTENNA; RESONANCES; SORTERS AB We present a class of devices called Asymmetric Bowtie nano-Colorsorters. These devices are specifically engineered to not only capture and confine optical fields, but also to spectrally filter and steer them while maintaining nanoscale field distributions. We show that spectral properties and localized spatial mode distributions can be readily tuned by controlled asymmetry. Nano-Colorsorters can control light's spatial and spectral distributions at the nanoscale and thus significantly impact applications ranging from broadband light harvesting to ultrafast wavelength-selective photodetection. C1 [Zhang, Z.; Weber-Bargioni, A.; Wu, S. W.; Dhuey, S.; Cabrini, S.; Schuck, P. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schuck, PJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pjschuck@lbl.gov RI Wu, Shiwei/F-4542-2010 OI Wu, Shiwei/0000-0001-9838-9066 FU Office of Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Defense Advanced Research FX We would like to thank B. Sanii, J. Neaton, A. McLeod, P. Ashby, S. Aloni, 1). F. Ogletree, and M. Salmeron for insightful discussions, and A. Janishidi and M. Staffaroni for COMSOL assistance. Work at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Z.Z. was also supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Nanoscale Architectures for Coherent Hyper-Optic Sources program). NR 36 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 5 U2 52 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4505 EP 4509 DI 10.1021/nl902850f PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400095 PM 19899744 ER PT J AU Wang, C Wei, YJ Jiang, HY Sun, SH AF Wang, Chao Wei, Yujie Jiang, Hongyuan Sun, Shouheng TI Tug-of-War in Nanoparticles: Competitive Growth of Au on Au-Fe3O4 Nanoparticles SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ONE-POT SYNTHESIS; HETEROSTRUCTURED NANOPARTICLES; NANOCRYSTALS; NANORODS; FLUORESCENCE; NANOSCALE; PROBES; SIZE AB Mechanical property of dumbbell-like Au-Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) is investigated from a synthetic point of view by overgrowing Au-2 on the Au-1-Fe3O4 NPs. The competitive growth of Au-2 on the preformed Au-1-Fe3O4 NPs induced an interesting "tug-of-war" between Au-2 and Fe3O4 in the formed Au-2-Au-1-Fe3O4 ternary nanostructure. An interpretation of the observed phenomena is proposed based on a mechanical analysis of the stress and strain distribution across the nanoparticle, which is further verified by control experiments with particle size tuned. C1 [Wang, Chao; Sun, Shouheng] Brown Univ, Dept Chem, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Jiang, Hongyuan] Brown Univ, Div Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Wei, Yujie] Univ Alabama, Dept Mech Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RP Wang, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM chaowang@anl.gov; ywei@eng.ua.edu; ssun@brown.edu RI Wang, Chao/F-4558-2012; Wei, Yujie/A-3770-2009 OI Wang, Chao/0000-0001-7398-2090; Wei, Yujie/0000-0002-3213-7891 FU NSF/DMR [0606264]; Brown University Seed Fund; Hitachi Maxell, Ltd FX The work was supported by NSF/DMR 0606264, the Brown University Seed Fund, and a scholarship from Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. We thank Professor L. Ben Freund and Professor Huajian Gao of Brown University for valuable discussions. The help on HRTEM from Mr. Anthony McCormick at Materials Research Center of Brown University is also gratefully acknowledged. NR 29 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 4 U2 70 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4544 EP 4547 DI 10.1021/nl903077t PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400102 PM 19842692 ER PT J AU Yim, JWL Chen, D Brown, GF Wu, JQ AF Yim, Joanne W. L. Chen, Deirdre Brown, Gregory F. Wu, Junqiao TI Synthesis and Ex Situ Doping of ZnTe and ZnSe Nanostructures with Extreme Aspect Ratios SO NANO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Aspect ratio; doping; nanowires; zinc selenide; zinc telluride ID II-VI SEMICONDUCTORS; SILICON NANOWIRES; THIN-FILMS; GROWTH; COPPER; CRYSTALS; LIGHT AB We report synthesis windows for growth of millimeter-long ZnTe nanoribbons and ZnSe nanowires using vapor transport. By tuning the local conditions at the growth substrate, high aspect ratio nanostructures can be synthesized. A Cu-ion immersion doping method was applied, producing strongly p-type conduction in ZnTe and ionic conduction in ZnSe. These extreme aspect ratio wide-bandgap semiconductors have great potential for high density nanostructured optoelectronic circuits. C1 [Yim, Joanne W. L.; Chen, Deirdre; Brown, Gregory F.; Wu, Junqiao] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yim, Joanne W. L.; Brown, Gregory F.; Wu, Junqiao] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wu, JQ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wuj@berkeley.edu RI Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011 OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148 FU National Science Foundation [EEC-0832819]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation FX The authors thank Prof. A. Stacy of U. C. Berkeley for the use of the diffractometer. We are grateful for assistance from R. Chopkedar. The synthesis portion of this work was supported by the National Science Foundation (No. EEC-0832819), and the characterization portion by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the Department of Energy (No. DE-AC02-05CH11231). J. Y. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program. Portions of this work were performed at the Molecular Foundry, LBNL, and the U. C. Berkeley Microfabrication Laboratory. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 27 PU TSINGHUA UNIV PRESS PI BEIJING PA TSINGHUA UNIV, RM A703, XUEYAN BLDG, BEIJING, 10084, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1998-0124 J9 NANO RES JI Nano Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 12 BP 931 EP 937 DI 10.1007/s12274-009-9095-7 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 548DO UT WOS:000273940000003 ER PT J AU Gu, ZJ Liu, F Howe, JY Paranthaman, MP Pan, ZW AF Gu, Zhanjun Liu, Feng Howe, Jane Y. Paranthaman, M. Parans Pan, Zhengwei TI Germanium-catalyzed hierarchical Al2O3 and SiO2 nanowire bunch arrays SO NANOSCALE LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; CARBON NANOTUBES; SILICA NANOWIRES; OXIDE NANOWIRES; SOLID MECHANISM; MOLTEN GALLIUM; GROWTH; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; DIAMETER; LONG AB Germanium (Ge), a Group IV semiconductor, was recently used as an effective catalyst to grow individual, single-crystalline ZnO nanowires through a vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) process [Pail et al., Angew. Chem.. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 274-278]. Here, we show that Ge call also act Lis an efficient catalyst for the large-scale growth of highly aligned, closely-packed polycrystalline Al2O3 and amorphous SiO2 nanowire bunch arrays. The Ge-catalyzed Al2O3 and SiO2 nanowire growth exhibits many interesting growth behaviors including (i) multiple nanowire growth catalyzed by one micrometer-size Ge particle, (ii) branching growth and (iii) batch-by-batch growth. These growth phenomena are distinct from the conventional Au-catalyzed nanowire growth but are analogous to the recently reported Ga-catalyzed SiO2 nanowire growth. It is anticipated that many other oxide nanowires and nanowire assemblies can be synthesized through the Ge-catalyzed VLS process. The Ge-catalyzed Al2O3 and SiO2 nanowires emit strong visible light under ultraviolet light excitation. C1 [Gu, Zhanjun; Liu, Feng; Pan, Zhengwei] Univ Georgia, Fac Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gu, Zhanjun; Liu, Feng; Pan, Zhengwei] Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Howe, Jane Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Paranthaman, M. Parans] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pan, ZW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Fac Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM panz@uga.edu RI Gu, Zhanjun/A-7592-2013; Howe, Jane/G-2890-2011; Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015 OI Gu, Zhanjun/0000-0003-3717-2423; Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531 FU US Office of Naval Research [N004315578]; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering (DMSE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported partly by the US Office of Naval Research (under contract No. N004315578) and partly by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering (DMSE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle, LLC. The TEM characterization work of this research was conducted at ORNL's SHaRE User Facility, which is sponsored by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 30 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2040-3364 J9 NANOSCALE JI Nanoscale PD DEC PY 2009 VL 1 IS 3 BP 347 EP 354 DI 10.1039/b9nr00040b PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 563VV UT WOS:000275164200006 PM 20648272 ER PT J AU Le Quere, C Raupach, MR Canadell, JG Marland, G Bopp, L Ciais, P Conway, TJ Doney, SC Feely, RA Foster, P Friedlingstein, P Gurney, K Houghton, RA House, JI Huntingford, C Levy, PE Lomas, MR Majkut, J Metzl, N Ometto, JP Peters, GP Prentice, IC Randerson, JT Running, SW Sarmiento, JL Schuster, U Sitch, S Takahashi, T Viovy, N van der Werf, GR Woodward, FI AF Le Quere, Corinne Raupach, Michael R. Canadell, Josep G. Marland, Gregg Bopp, Laurent Ciais, Philippe Conway, Thomas J. Doney, Scott C. Feely, Richard A. Foster, Pru Friedlingstein, Pierre Gurney, Kevin Houghton, Richard A. House, Joanna I. Huntingford, Chris Levy, Peter E. Lomas, Mark R. Majkut, Joseph Metzl, Nicolas Ometto, Jean P. Peters, Glen P. Prentice, I. Colin Randerson, James T. Running, Steven W. Sarmiento, Jorge L. Schuster, Ute Sitch, Stephen Takahashi, Taro Viovy, Nicolas van der Werf, Guido R. Woodward, F. Ian TI Trends in the sources and sinks of carbon dioxide SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2 GROWTH; RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; INTERNATIONAL-TRADE; SAMPLING-NETWORK; FIRE EMISSIONS; DEFORESTATION; CYCLE; TRANSPORT; HISTORY AB Efforts to control climate change require the stabilization of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. This can only be achieved through a drastic reduction of global CO2 emissions. Yet fossil fuel emissions increased by 29% between 2000 and 2008, in conjunction with increased contributions from emerging economies, from the production and international trade of goods and services, and from the use of coal as a fuel source. In contrast, emissions from land-use changes were nearly constant. Between 1959 and 2008, 43% of each year's CO2 emissions remained in the atmosphere on average; the rest was absorbed by carbon sinks on land and in the oceans. In the past 50 years, the fraction of CO2 emissions that remains in the atmosphere each year has likely increased, from about 40% to 45%, and models suggest that this trend was caused by a decrease in the uptake of CO2 by the carbon sinks in response to climate change and variability. Changes in the CO2 sinks are highly uncertain, but they could have a significant influence on future atmospheric CO2 levels. It is therefore crucial to reduce the uncertainties. C1 [Le Quere, Corinne; Schuster, Ute] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Le Quere, Corinne] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge BC3 0ET, England. [Raupach, Michael R.; Canadell, Josep G.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Global Carbon Project, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Marland, Gregg] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Carbon Dioxide Informat Anal Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Bopp, Laurent; Ciais, Philippe; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Viovy, Nicolas] UVSQ, CNRS, CEA, Lab Sci Climat & Environm,UMR 1572, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Conway, Thomas J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Doney, Scott C.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Feely, Richard A.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Foster, Pru; Friedlingstein, Pierre; House, Joanna I.; Prentice, I. Colin] Univ Bristol, Dept Earth Sci, QUEST, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England. [Gurney, Kevin] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gurney, Kevin] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Houghton, Richard A.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. [Huntingford, Chris] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England. [Levy, Peter E.] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. [Lomas, Mark R.; Woodward, F. Ian] Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Sheffield S10 2TH, S Yorkshire, England. [Majkut, Joseph; Sarmiento, Jorge L.] Princeton Univ, AOS Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Metzl, Nicolas] Univ Paris 06, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, CNRS, LOCEAN IPSL, F-75252 Paris 5, France. [Ometto, Jean P.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. [Peters, Glen P.] Ctr Int Climate & Environm Res Oslo, N-0318 Oslo, Norway. [Randerson, James T.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Running, Steven W.] Univ Montana, Sch Forestry, Numer Terradynam Simulat Grp, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Sitch, Stephen] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Takahashi, Taro] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, New York, NY 10964 USA. [van der Werf, Guido R.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth & Life Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Le Quere, C (reprint author), Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. EM c.lequere@uea.ac.uk RI Le Quere, Corinne/C-2631-2017; Huntingford, Chris/A-4307-2008; Doney, Scott/F-9247-2010; Foster, Pru/K-5476-2012; Levy, Peter/K-6523-2012; Ometto, Jean/B-3351-2013; Sitch, Stephen/F-8034-2015; House, Joanna/B-6477-2016; Vuichard, Nicolas/A-6629-2011; Friedlingstein, Pierre/H-2700-2014; van der Werf, Guido/M-8260-2016; Canadell, Josep/E-9419-2010; Peters, Glen/B-1012-2008; Woodward, Ian/B-7762-2008 OI Le Quere, Corinne/0000-0003-2319-0452; Huntingford, Chris/0000-0002-5941-7770; Doney, Scott/0000-0002-3683-2437; Foster, Pru/0000-0003-4735-1521; Levy, Peter/0000-0002-8505-1901; Sitch, Stephen/0000-0003-1821-8561; House, Joanna/0000-0003-4576-3960; van der Werf, Guido/0000-0001-9042-8630; Canadell, Josep/0000-0002-8788-3218; Peters, Glen/0000-0001-7889-8568; NR 50 TC 809 Z9 824 U1 74 U2 717 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 12 BP 831 EP 836 DI 10.1038/ngeo689 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 525TO UT WOS:000272239400014 ER PT J AU Templeton, AS Knowles, EJ Eldridge, DL Arey, BW Dohnalkova, AC Webb, SM Bailey, BE Tebo, BM Staudigel, H AF Templeton, A. S. Knowles, E. J. Eldridge, D. L. Arey, B. W. Dohnalkova, A. C. Webb, S. M. Bailey, B. E. Tebo, B. M. Staudigel, H. TI A seafloor microbial biome hosted within incipient ferromanganese crusts SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LOIHI SEAMOUNT; HYDROTHERMAL PLUME; OCEAN CRUST; DIVERSITY; BACTERIA; BASALT; HAWAII; OXIDES; GLASS; IRON AB Exposed rocks at underwater volcanoes and ridges host complex, abundant and diverse microbial communities(1-3). The volcanic glasses associated with these features constitute one of the most geochemically reactive components of the Earth's crust. The most commonly held hypothesis is that their oxidation in sea water provides the energy necessary to establish a seafloor biosphere(4-7). However, this hypothesis has yet to be directly tested. Here we used synchrotron-based X-ray microprobe mapping, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and high-resolution scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques to examine the initial chemical changes that occur as the glassy rims of young pillow basalts are colonized by microbial organisms at Loihi seamount, Hawaii. We found little evidence of basalt dissolution. Instead, microbial biofilms were intimately associated with Fe(III)- and Mn(IV)-oxides that had precipitated from sea water onto the fresh basalt surfaces. These accumulations of secondary minerals probably represent the earliest stages of ferromanganese crust formation. We suggest that fluid-derived energy sources, such as dissolved and particulate Fe(II), Mn(II) and organic matter, may support the microbial communities colonizing seafloor rocks to a greater degree than local rock dissolution. C1 [Templeton, A. S.; Knowles, E. J.; Eldridge, D. L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Arey, B. W.; Dohnalkova, A. C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Webb, S. M.] Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Bailey, B. E.; Staudigel, H.] Univ Calif, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Tebo, B. M.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Environm & Biomol Syst, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. RP Templeton, AS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, UCB 399, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM alexis.templeton@colorado.edu RI Webb, Samuel/D-4778-2009; Tebo, Bradley/A-8432-2017; OI Webb, Samuel/0000-0003-1188-0464; Tebo, Bradley/0000-0002-6301-4325; TEMPLETON, ALEXIS/0000-0002-9670-0647 FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0433629]; David and Lucille Packard Foundation; NASA Predoctoral Fellowship; DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research; National Institutes of Health FX We thank C. Sheehan (OGI) and the crews of the RV Ka'imikai-o-Kanaloa, RV Kilo Moana and Pisces V (Hawaii Undersea Research Lab), RV Thomas G. Thompson (University of Washington) and ROV Jason II (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), as well as the principal investigators and collaborators associated with FeMO, the NSF Fe Microbial Observatory at Loihi seamount (MCB-0348668). We also thank C. Hansel at Harvard University for providing reference EXAFS spectra of Fe-bearing model compounds. This work was directly supported by the National Science Foundation grant OCE-0433629 (H. S., B. M. T., A. S. T.), the David and Lucille Packard Foundation (A. S. T.) and a NASA Predoctoral Fellowship (E. J. K.). The synchrotron work was conducted on beamlines 2-3 and 11-2 at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, through the Structural Molecular Biology Program, supported by DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research and the National Institutes of Health. The FIB-milling and high-resolution SEM and TEM analyses were conducted at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory also supported by the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research. A. Buxbaum, FEI Corp., also provided valuable technical assistance in the FIB-SEM preparation. NR 31 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 30 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 12 BP 872 EP 876 DI 10.1038/ngeo696 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 525TO UT WOS:000272239400022 ER PT J AU Li, JS Fok, L Yin, XB Bartal, G Zhang, X AF Li, Jensen Fok, Lee Yin, Xiaobo Bartal, Guy Zhang, Xiang TI Experimental demonstration of an acoustic magnifying hyperlens SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL HYPERLENS; METAMATERIALS AB Acoustic metamaterials can manipulate sound waves in surprising ways, which include collimation, focusing, cloaking, sonic screening and extraordinary transmission(1-14). Recent theories suggested that imaging below the diffraction limit using passive elements can be realized by acoustic superlenses or magnifying hyperlenses(15,16). These could markedly enhance the capabilities in underwater sonar sensing, medical ultrasound imaging and non-destructive materials testing. However, these proposed approaches suffer narrow working frequency bands and significant resonance-induced loss, which hinders them from successful experimental realization. Here, we report the experimental demonstration of an acoustic hyperlens that magnifies subwavelength objects by gradually converting evanescent components into propagating waves. The fabricated acoustic hyperlens relies on straightforward cutoff-free propagation and achieves deep-subwavelength resolution with low loss over a broad frequency bandwidth. C1 [Li, Jensen; Fok, Lee; Yin, Xiaobo; Bartal, Guy; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF, NSEC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yin, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Li, JS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF, NSEC, 3112 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xiang@berkeley.edu RI Yin, Xiaobo/A-4142-2011; Zhang, Xiang/F-6905-2011; OI Li, Jensen/0000-0002-2099-8942 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-1-0626]; National Science Foundation FX We acknowledge support from the Office of Naval Research (grant number N00014-07-1-0626). L. F. acknowledges a fellowship from the National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship Program. NR 32 TC 249 Z9 251 U1 14 U2 96 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 8 IS 12 BP 931 EP 934 DI 10.1038/NMAT2561 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 523IS UT WOS:000272066800010 PM 19855382 ER PT J AU Alloyeau, D Ricolleau, C Mottet, C Oikawa, T Langlois, C Le Bouar, Y Braidy, N Loiseau, A AF Alloyeau, D. Ricolleau, C. Mottet, C. Oikawa, T. Langlois, C. Le Bouar, Y. Braidy, N. Loiseau, A. TI Size and shape effects on the order-disorder phase transition in CoPt nanoparticles SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; RECORDING MEDIA; ALLOY CLUSTERS; MONTE-CARLO; FEPT; FILMS; PREDICTIONS; ANISOTROPY; MODEL AB Chemically ordered bimetallic nanoparticles are promising candidates for magnetic-storage applications. However, the use of sub-10nm nanomagnets requires further study of possible size effects on their physical properties. Here, the effects of size and morphology on the order-disorder phase transition temperature of CoPt nanoparticles (T(C)(NP)) have been investigated experimentally, using transmission electron microscopy, and theoretically, with canonical Monte Carlo simulations. For 2.4-3-nm particles, T(C)(NP) is found to be 325-175 degrees C lower than the bulk material transition temperature, consistent with our Monte Carlo simulations. Furthermore, we establish that T(C)(NP) is also sensitive to the shape of the nanoparticles, because only one dimension of the particle (that is, in-plane size or thickness) smaller than 3nm is sufficient to induce a considerable depression of T(C)(NP). This work emphasizes the necessity of taking into account the three-dimensional morphology of nano-objects to understand and control their structural properties. C1 [Alloyeau, D.; Le Bouar, Y.; Braidy, N.; Loiseau, A.] CNRS, ONERA, Lab Etude Microstruct, F-92322 Chatillon, France. [Mottet, C.] CNRS, Ctr Interdisciplinaire Nanosci Marseille, F-13288 Marseille 9, France. [Oikawa, T.] JEOL Ltd, Tokyo 1968558, Japan. [Alloyeau, D.; Ricolleau, C.; Oikawa, T.; Langlois, C.; Braidy, N.] Univ Paris 07, Lab Mat & Phenomenes Quant, CNRS, F-75205 Paris 13, France. RP Alloyeau, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 72, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alloyeau.damien@gmail.com RI Langlois, Cyril/C-7722-2011 FU Region Ile-de-France for convention [SESAME 2000 E1435]; IMPMC [UMR7590] FX We are grateful to Region Ile-de-France for convention SESAME 2000 E1435, for the support of the JEOL 2100F electron microscope installed at IMPMC (UMR7590). NR 35 TC 192 Z9 193 U1 16 U2 152 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 8 IS 12 BP 940 EP 946 DI 10.1038/NMAT2574 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 523IS UT WOS:000272066800012 PM 19915553 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Thorkelsson, K Mastroianni, AJ Schilling, T Luther, JM Rancatore, BJ Matsunaga, K Jinnai, H Wu, Y Poulsen, D Frechet, JMJ Alivisatos, AP Xu, T AF Zhao, Yue Thorkelsson, Kari Mastroianni, Alexander J. Schilling, Thomas Luther, Joseph M. Rancatore, Benjamin J. Matsunaga, Kazuyuki Jinnai, Hiroshi Wu, Yue Poulsen, Daniel Frechet, Jean M. J. Alivisatos, A. Paul Xu, Ting TI Small-molecule-directed nanoparticle assembly towards stimuli-responsive nanocomposites SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID POLYELECTROLYTE-SURFACTANT COMPLEXES; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; SIDE-CHAIN; FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; BUILDING-BLOCKS; LIGAND-EXCHANGE; LENGTH SCALES; COMPOSITES; CHEMISTRY AB Precise control of the spatial organization of nanoscopic building blocks, such as nanoparticles, over multiple length scales is a bottleneck in the 'bottom-up' generation of technologically important materials. Only a few approaches have been shown to achieve nanoparticle assemblies without surface modification. We demonstrate a simple yet versatile approach to produce stimuli-responsive hierarchical assemblies of readily available nanoparticles by combining small molecules and block copolymers. Organization of nanoparticles into one-, two- and three-dimensional arrays with controlled inter-particle separation and ordering is achieved without chemical modification of either the nanoparticles or block copolymers. Nanocomposites responsive to heat and light are demonstrated, where the spatial distribution of the nanoparticles can be varied by exposure to heat or light or changing the local environment. The approach described is applicable to a wide range of nanoparticles and compatible with existing fabrication processes, thereby enabling a non-disruptive approach for the generation of functional devices. C1 [Zhao, Yue; Thorkelsson, Kari; Mastroianni, Alexander J.; Schilling, Thomas; Rancatore, Benjamin J.; Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mastroianni, Alexander J.; Luther, Joseph M.; Rancatore, Benjamin J.; Wu, Yue; Poulsen, Daniel; Frechet, Jean M. J.; Alivisatos, A. Paul; Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mastroianni, Alexander J.; Luther, Joseph M.; Rancatore, Benjamin J.; Frechet, Jean M. J.; Alivisatos, A. Paul; Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Matsunaga, Kazuyuki; Jinnai, Hiroshi] Kyoto Inst Technol, Kyoto 6068585, Japan. [Jinnai, Hiroshi] Tohoku Univ, WPI Adv Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. RP Zhao, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tingxu@berkeley.edu RI Jinnai, Hiroshi/F-8456-2014; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015; OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048; Frechet, Jean /0000-0001-6419-0163 FU Army Research Office [W911NF-07-1-0653]; NSF [DMR-0805301]; DuPont Young Professor Grant; 3M Nontenured Faculty; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture [19031016, 21015017, 21106512, 21241030] FX We thank T.P. Russell for the valuable discussions. SAXS experiments were carried out at beamline 7.3.3 at the Advanced Light Source. CoFe2O4 nanoparticle was provided by the Molecular Foundry at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. This was supported by the Army Research Office STIR program under award No. W911NF-07-1-0653; NSF DMR-0805301; by the DuPont Young Professor Grant and by the 3M Nontenured Faculty Grant. This work was also supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 through the 'Organic-inorganic Nanocomposites' programme at LBNL. H.J. acknowledges support from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture through Grants-in-Aid No. 19031016, 21015017, 21106512 and 21241030. NR 46 TC 257 Z9 257 U1 18 U2 246 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 8 IS 12 BP 979 EP 985 DI 10.1038/NMAT2565 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 523IS UT WOS:000272066800018 PM 19838181 ER PT J AU Balke, N Choudhury, S Jesse, S Huijben, M Chu, YH Baddorf, AP Chen, LQ Ramesh, R Kalinin, SV AF Balke, N. Choudhury, S. Jesse, S. Huijben, M. Chu, Y. H. Baddorf, A. P. Chen, L. Q. Ramesh, R. Kalinin, S. V. TI Deterministic control of ferroelastic switching in multiferroic materials SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTOR; THIN-FILMS; FERROELECTRIC MATERIALS; DOMAIN-STRUCTURE; EXCHANGE BIAS; BIFEO3; POLARIZATION; PHYSICS; WALLS AB Multiferroic materials showing coupled electric, magnetic and elastic orderings provide a platform to explore complexity and new paradigms for memory and logic devices. Until now, the deterministic control of non-ferroelectric order parameters in multiferroics has been elusive. Here, we demonstrate deterministic ferroelastic switching in rhombohedral BiFeO(3) by domain nucleation with a scanning probe. We are able to select among final states that have the same electrostatic energy, but differ dramatically in elastic or magnetic order, by applying voltage to the probe while it is in lateral motion. We also demonstrate the controlled creation of a ferrotoroidal order parameter. The ability to control local elastic, magnetic and torroidal order parameters with an electric field will make it possible to probe local strain and magnetic ordering, and engineer various magnetoelectric, domain-wall-based and strain-coupled devices. C1 [Balke, N.; Jesse, S.; Baddorf, A. P.; Kalinin, S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Choudhury, S.; Chen, L. Q.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Huijben, M.; Chu, Y. H.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Huijben, M.; Chu, Y. H.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Huijben, M.] Univ Twente, Fac Sci & Technol, MESA Inst Nanotechnol, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Chu, Y. H.] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. [Kalinin, S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Balke, N (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM balken@ornl.gov RI Ying-Hao, Chu/A-4204-2008; Choudhury, Samrat/B-4115-2009; Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Chen, LongQing/I-7536-2012; Balke, Nina/Q-2505-2015; Jesse, Stephen/D-3975-2016; Baddorf, Arthur/I-1308-2016 OI Ying-Hao, Chu/0000-0002-3435-9084; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Chen, LongQing/0000-0003-3359-3781; Balke, Nina/0000-0001-5865-5892; Jesse, Stephen/0000-0002-1168-8483; Baddorf, Arthur/0000-0001-7023-2382 FU Division of Scientific User Facilities, Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory Laboratory Directed Research and Development program; National Science Foundation [DMR-0213623, DMR-0507146]; Department of Energy Basic Sciences [DE-FG02-07ER46417]; National Science Council, Republic of China [NSC 98-2119-M-009-019]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation FX This research was sponsored by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences (S.J., A.P.B.) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory Laboratory Directed Research and Development program (S.V.K., L.Q.C.). S.C. and L.Q.C. acknowledge the financial support of National Science Foundation under DMR-0213623 and DMR-0507146. The theory work at Pennsylvania State University is also supported by the Department of Energy Basic Sciences under DE-FG02-07ER46417 (L.Q.C.). Y.H.C. would like to acknowledge the support of the National Science Council, Republic of China, under contract No. NSC 98-2119-M-009-019. N.B. acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. NR 38 TC 169 Z9 170 U1 18 U2 176 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 4 IS 12 BP 868 EP 875 DI 10.1038/NNANO.2009.293 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 528BQ UT WOS:000272415600022 PM 19893529 ER PT J AU Qin, Q Williams, BS Kumar, S Reno, JL Hu, Q AF Qin, Qi Williams, Benjamin S. Kumar, Sushil Reno, John L. Hu, Qing TI Tuning a terahertz wire laser SO NATURE PHOTONICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-CASCADE LASERS; METAL WAVE-GUIDES; TECHNOLOGY; FRICTION; MODE AB Tunable terahertz lasers are desirable in applications in sensing and spectroscopy because many biochemical species have strong spectral. ngerprints at terahertz frequencies. Conventionally, the frequency of a laser is tuned in a similar manner to a stringed musical instrument, in which pitch is varied by changing the length of the string ( the longitudinal component of the wave vector) and/or its tension ( the refractive index). However, such methods are difficult to implement in terahertz semiconductor lasers because of their poor outcoupling efficiencies. Here, we demonstrate a novel tuning mechanism based on a unique 'wire laser' device for which the transverse dimension w is < d + gamma. The asymmetry has a predicted size of 5 x 10(-8) and the aim of the NPDGamma collaboration is to measure it to 20%. The first phase of the measurement was completed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory Neutron Science Center Spallation Source with a preliminary result of (-1.1 +/- 2.1 stat. +/- 0.2 sys.) x 10(-7). Here, we report on the measurements and the results obtained so far. The experiment is currently being installed at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, for the remainder of its run time. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gericke, Michael; Page, S.; Ramsay, D.] Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Alarcon, R.; Balascuta, S.; Barron, L.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Ramsay, D.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Crawford, C.; Greene, G. L.; Mahurin, R.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Bowman, J. D.; Greene, G. L.; Penttilae, S. I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chen, W.; Gillis, R. C.; Leuschner, M.; Losowki, B.; Mei, J.; Nann, H.; Snow, W. M.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Chupp, T. E.; Sharma, M.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Carlini, R. D.; Covrig, S.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Dabaghyan, M.; Hersman, F. W.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Ino, T.; Masuda, Y.; Muto, S.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Salas-Bacci, A.; Wilburn, W. S.; Yuan, V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Freedman, S. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jones, G. L.] Hamilton Coll, Clinton, NY 13323 USA. [Gentile, T. R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Mitchell, G. S.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lauss, B.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Santra, S.] Bhabbha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Seo, P-N.] Duke Univ, TUNL, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Sharapov, E.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Smith, T.] Univ Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Gericke, M (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. EM mgericke@physics.umanitoba.ca RI Balascuta, Septimiu/J-7679-2015 OI Balascuta, Septimiu/0000-0003-2331-294X NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 611 IS 2-3 BP 239 EP 243 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2009.07.057 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 537GP UT WOS:000273101500029 ER PT J AU Atchison, F Blau, B Bodek, K van den Brandt, B Brys, T Daum, M Fierlinger, P Frei, A Geltenbort, P Hautle, P Henneck, R Heule, S Holley, A Kasprzak, M Kirch, K Knecht, A Konter, JA Kuzniak, M Liu, CY Morris, CL Pichlmaier, A Plonka, C Pokotilovski, Y Saunders, A Shin, Y Tortorella, D Wohlmuther, M Young, AR Zejma, J Zsigmond, G AF Atchison, F. Blau, B. Bodek, K. van den Brandt, B. Brys, T. Daum, M. Fierlinger, P. Frei, A. Geltenbort, P. Hautle, P. Henneck, R. Heule, S. Holley, A. Kasprzak, M. Kirch, K. Knecht, A. Konter, J. A. Kuzniak, M. Liu, C. -Y. Morris, C. L. Pichlmaier, A. Plonka, C. Pokotilovski, Y. Saunders, A. Shin, Y. Tortorella, D. Wohlmuther, M. Young, A. R. Zejma, J. Zsigmond, G. TI Investigation of solid D-2, O-2 and CD4 for ultracold neutron production SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Particle Physics with Slow Neutrons CY MAY 29-31, 2008 CL Inst Laue Langevin, Grenoble, FRANCE SP Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules, CNRS, Univ Joseph Fourier, Excellence Cluster Origin & Struct Universe HO Inst Laue Langevin DE Ultracold neutrons; Cold neutron scattering; Moderation; UCN converters AB We have investigated the properties of the ultracold neutron converter materials deuterium D-2, oxygen O-2 and heavy methane CD4 in the temperature range between 8 K and room temperature. The experimental program was performed at the FUNSPIN beamline of the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ) at Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI). In this paper the measured cold neutron total cross-sections for D-2, O-2 and CD4 are presented. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Atchison, F.; Blau, B.; van den Brandt, B.; Brys, T.; Daum, M.; Fierlinger, P.; Hautle, P.; Henneck, R.; Heule, S.; Kasprzak, M.; Kirch, K.; Knecht, A.; Konter, J. A.; Pichlmaier, A.; Wohlmuther, M.; Zsigmond, G.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5132 Villigen, Switzerland. [Bodek, K.; Kuzniak, M.; Zejma, J.] Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Frei, A.; Tortorella, D.] Tech Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. [Geltenbort, P.; Plonka, C.] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. [Holley, A.; Young, A. R.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Liu, C. -Y.; Shin, Y.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Morris, C. L.; Saunders, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Pokotilovski, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Brys, T.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Tech Chem, Zurich, Switzerland. [Heule, S.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Kasprzak, M.] Austrian Acad Sci, Stefan Meyer Inst Subatomare Phys, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. [Kuzniak, M.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. RP Kasprzak, M (reprint author), Univ Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland. EM malgorzata.kasprzak@unifr.ch; klaus.kirch@psi.ch RI Kirch, Klaus/A-4601-2010; Hautle, Patrick/C-1044-2012; Knecht, Andreas/C-9917-2013; Kuzniak, Marcin/A-3053-2015; OI Hautle, Patrick/0000-0002-0502-8278; Knecht, Andreas/0000-0002-3767-950X; Kuzniak, Marcin/0000-0001-9632-9115; Morris, Christopher/0000-0003-2141-0255 NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 611 IS 2-3 BP 252 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2009.07.072 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 537GP UT WOS:000273101500032 ER PT J AU Azhgirey, IL Belyakov-Bodin, VI Degtyarev, II Mashnik, SG Gallmeier, FX Lu, W AF Azhgirey, I. L. Belyakov-Bodin, V. I. Degtyarev, I. I. Mashnik, S. G. Gallmeier, F. X. Lu, W. TI CTOF measurements and Monte Carlo analyses of neutron spectra for the backward direction from an iron target irradiated with 400-1200 MeV protons SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article DE Measurement; Neutron spectrum; Comparison; Prediction by the MARS and the MCNPX code systems ID INTRANUCLEAR-CASCADE CALCULATION; ENERGY AB A calorimetric-time-of-flight (CTOF) technique was used for real-time, high-precision measurement of the neutron spectrum at an angle of 175 degrees from the initial proton beam direction, which hits a face plane of a cylindrical iron target of 20 cm in diameter and 25 cm thick. A comparison was performed between the neutron spectra predicted by the MARS and the MCNPX codes and that measured for 400, 600, 800, 1000 and 1200 MeV protons. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Azhgirey, I. L.; Belyakov-Bodin, V. I.; Degtyarev, I. I.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Mashnik, S. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Gallmeier, F. X.; Lu, W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Belyakov-Bodin, VI (reprint author), Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. EM vl.i.belyakov-b@mail.ru FU US DOE FX We are grateful to G.A. Losev and A.V. Feofilov (both of the Institute for High Energy Physics) for providing the beam so reliably under the conditions demanded for this experiment. This work was partially supported by the US DOE. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X EI 1872-9584 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD DEC PY 2009 VL 267 IS 23-24 BP 3601 EP 3605 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2009.09.019 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 531UJ UT WOS:000272694400002 ER PT J AU Bonacorsi, D Bauerdick, L AF Bonacorsi, D. Bauerdick, L. CA CMS Collaboration TI CMS results in the Combined Computing Readiness Challenge CCRC'08 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors CY OCT 01, 2008 CL Siena, ITALY AB During February and May 2008, CMS participated to the Combined Computing Readiness Challenge (CCRC'08) together with all other LHC experiments. The purpose of this worldwide exercise was to check the readiness of the Computing infrastructure for LHC data taking. Another set of major CMS tests called Computing, Software and Analysis challenge (CSA'08) - as well as CMS cosmic runs - were also running at the same time: CCRC augmented the load on computing with additional tests to validate and stress-test all CMS computing workflows at full data taking scale, also extending this to the global WLCG community. CMS exercised most aspects of the CMS computing model, with very comprehensive tests. During May 2008, CMS moved more than 3.6 Petabytes among more than 300 links in the complex Grid topology. CMS demonstrated that is able to safely move data out of CERN to the Tier-1 sites, sustaining more than 600 MB/s as a daily average for more than seven days in a row, with enough headroom and with hourly peaks of up to 1.7 GB/s. CMS ran hundreds of simultaneous jobs at each Tier-1 site, re-reconstructing and skimming hundreds of millions of events. After re-reconstruction the fresh AOD (Analysis Object Data) has to be synchronized between Tier-1 centers: CMS demonstrated that the required inter-Tier-1 transfers are achievable within a few days. CMS also showed that skimmed analysis data sets can be transferred to Tier-2 sites for analysis at sufficient rate, regionally as well as inter-regionally, achieving all goals in about 90% of >200 links. Simultaneously, CMS also ran a large Tier-2 analysis exercise, where realistic analysis jobs were submitted to a large set of Tier-2 sites by a large number of people to produce a chaotic workload across the systems, and with more than 400 analysis users in May. Taken all together, CMS routinely achieved submissions of 100k jobs/day, with peaks up to 200k jobs/day. The achieved results in CCRC'08 - focussing on the distributed workflows - are presented and discussed. C1 [Bonacorsi, D.] INFN CNAF, Bologna, Italy. [Bauerdick, L.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Bonacorsi, D (reprint author), INFN CNAF, Bologna, Italy. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 197 BP 99 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2009.10.044 PG 10 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 577FK UT WOS:000276207500023 ER PT J AU Bonechi, L Adriani, O Bongi, M Castellini, G D'Alessandro, R Faus, A Fukui, K Haguenauer, M Itow, Y Kasahara, K Macina, D Mase, T Masuda, K Matsubara, Y Menjo, H Mizuishi, M Muraki, Y Papini, P Perrot, AL Ricciarini, S Sako, T Shimizu, Y Taki, K Tamura, T Torii, S Tricomi, A Turner, WC Velasco, J Viciani, A Yoshida, K AF Bonechi, L. Adriani, O. Bongi, M. Castellini, G. D'Alessandro, R. Faus, A. Fukui, K. Haguenauer, M. Itow, Y. Kasahara, K. Macina, D. Mase, T. Masuda, K. Matsubara, Y. Menjo, H. Mizuishi, M. Muraki, Y. Papini, P. Perrot, A. L. Ricciarini, S. Sako, T. Shimizu, Y. Taki, K. Tamura, T. Torii, S. Tricomi, A. Turner, W. C. Velasco, J. Viciani, A. Yoshida, K. TI Status of the LHCf apparatus at LHC SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors CY OCT 01, 2008 CL Siena, ITALY AB The LBCf experiment at the LHC accelerator is ready for data taking. Both the LHCf detectors have been successfully tested and installed in their running configuration. The status of the apparatus, control software and some results of the last beam test at the SPS accelerator are presented in this work. C1 [Bonechi, L.; Adriani, O.; D'Alessandro, R.] Univ Florence, I-50121 Florence, Italy. [Bonechi, L.; Adriani, O.; Bongi, M.; D'Alessandro, R.; Papini, P.; Ricciarini, S.; Viciani, A.; Yoshida, K.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sect Florence, I-50121 Florence, Italy. [Castellini, G.] CNR, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Florence, Italy. [Faus, A.; Velasco, J.] UVEG, IFIC, Ctr Mixto, CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Fukui, K.; Itow, Y.; Mase, T.; Masuda, K.; Matsubara, Y.; Menjo, H.; Sako, T.; Taki, K.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Haguenauer, M.] Ecole Polytech, Palaiseau, France. [Kasahara, K.; Mizuishi, M.; Torii, S.] Waseda Univ, RISE, Tokyo, Japan. [Macina, D.; Perrot, A. L.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Konan Univ, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. [Shimizu, Y.] Univ Tokyo, ICRR, Tokyo 1138654, Japan. [Tamura, T.] Kanagawa Univ, Kanagawa, Japan. [Tricomi, A.] Univ Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy. [Tricomi, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sect Catania, Milan, Italy. [Turner, W. C.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Bonechi, L (reprint author), Univ Florence, I-50121 Florence, Italy. EM Lorenzo.Bonechi@fi.infn.it RI Bongi, Massimo/L-9417-2015; OI Papini, Paolo/0000-0003-4718-2895; Bongi, Massimo/0000-0002-6050-1937; Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Ricciarini, Sergio Bruno/0000-0001-6176-3368; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 197 BP 154 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2009.10.056 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 577FK UT WOS:000276207500035 ER PT J AU Villani, EG Haber, C Holt, R Phillips, P Tyndel, M Weber, M AF Villani, Enrico Giulio Haber, C. Holt, R. Phillips, P. Tyndel, M. Weber, M. TI Serial Powering of Silicon Strip Modules for the ATLAS Tracker Upgrade SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors CY OCT 01, 2008 CL Siena, ITALY ID PERFORMANCE; DESIGN AB Serial Powering is a powering solution to the issues of costs, difficulties and inefficiencies associated with the cabling of large detector systems. This powering option is being actively pursued by the ATLAS Tracker upgrade community. Demonstrator supermodules have been produced using the ABCD chip from the present ATLAS SCT together with serial powering circuitry built from commercial components. Two six modules stave systems have been built, and construction of a third stave consisting of thirty modules has been designed and construction is in progress. Recent results from these supermodules have been discussed. New ASICs have been designed that include elements of the serial powering scheme, and studies of system issues are ongoing. These developments and their application to the next demonstrator supermodule will be outlined. C1 [Villani, Enrico Giulio; Holt, R.; Phillips, P.; Tyndel, M.; Weber, M.] STFC, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Haber, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Villani, EG (reprint author), STFC, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. EM giulio.villani@stfc.ac.uk NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 197 BP 250 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2009.10.078 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 577FK UT WOS:000276207500057 ER PT J AU Tricomi, A Adriani, O Bonechi, L Bongi, M Castellini, G D'Alessandro, R Faus, A Fukui, K Haguenauer, M Itow, Y Kasahara, K Macina, D Mase, T Masuda, K Matsubara, Y Menjo, H Mizuishi, M Muraki, Y Papini, P Perrot, AL Ricciarini, S Sako, T Shimizu, Y Taki, K Tamura, T Torii, S Turner, WC Velasco, J Viciani, A Yoshida, K AF Tricomi, A. Adriani, O. Bonechi, L. Bongi, M. Castellini, G. D'Alessandro, R. Faus, A. Fukui, K. Haguenauer, M. Itow, Y. Kasahara, K. Macina, D. Mase, T. Masuda, K. Matsubara, Y. Menjo, H. Mizuishi, M. Muraki, Y. Papini, P. Perrot, A. L. Ricciarini, S. Sako, T. Shimizu, Y. Taki, K. Tamura, T. Torii, S. Turner, W. C. Velasco, J. Viciani, A. Yoshida, K. TI The LHCf experiment at the LHC: Physics Goals and Status SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Very High Energy Interactions CY SEP 01-06, 2008 CL Univ Paris-Diderot, Paris, FRANCE SP Minist Enseignement Super Rech, CNRS, IN2P3, IN2P3-PCHE, Photon Co, Brive HO Univ Paris-Diderot ID COSMIC-RAYS; HIGH-ENERGY AB The LHCf experiment is the smallest of the six experiments installed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While the general purpose detectors have been mainly designed to answer the open questions of Elementary Particle Physics, LHCf has been designed as a fully devoted Astroparticle experiment at the LHC. Indeed, thanks to the excellent performances of its double arm calorimeters, LHCf will be able to measure the flux of neutral particles produced in p-p collisions at LHC in the very forward region, thus providing an invaluable help in the calibration of air-shower Monte Carlo codes currently used for modeling cosmic rays interactions in the Earth atmosphere. Depending on the LHC machine schedule, LHCf will take data in an energy range from 900 GeV up to 14 TeV in the centre of mass system (equivalent to 10(17) eV in the laboratory frame), thus covering one of the most interesting and debated region of the Cosmic Ray spectrum, the region around and beyond the "knee". C1 [Tricomi, A.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Tricomi, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Adriani, O.; Bonechi, L.; Bongi, M.; Castellini, G.; D'Alessandro, R.; Papini, P.; Ricciarini, S.; Viciani, A.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Adriani, O.; Bonechi, L.; Bongi, M.; Castellini, G.; D'Alessandro, R.; Papini, P.; Ricciarini, S.; Viciani, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Faus, A.; Velasco, J.] UVEG, CSIC, Ctr Mixto, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Fukui, K.; Itow, Y.; Mase, T.; Masuda, K.; Matsubara, Y.; Menjo, H.; Sako, T.; Taki, K.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Haguenauer, M.] Ecole Polytech, F-75230 Paris, France. [Kasahara, K.; Mizuishi, M.; Torii, S.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Macina, D.; Perrot, A. L.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Muraki, Y.] Konan Univ, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. [Shimizu, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Chiba, Japan. [Tamura, T.] Kanagawa Univ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Turner, W. C.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. [Yoshida, K.] Shibaura Inst Technol, Saitama, Japan. RP Tricomi, A (reprint author), Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. RI Bongi, Massimo/L-9417-2015; OI Bongi, Massimo/0000-0002-6050-1937; Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Ricciarini, Sergio Bruno/0000-0001-6176-3368; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Papini, Paolo/0000-0003-4718-2895 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 196 BP 30 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2009.09.005 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 537EO UT WOS:000273096000006 ER PT J AU Bauer, JM Bharadwaj, V Brogonia, H Brugger, M Kerimbaev, M Liu, JC Mallows, S Prinz, AA Roesler, S Rokni, SH Sanami, T Santana-Leitner, M Sheppard, J Vincke, H Vollaire, J AF Bauer, J. M. Bharadwaj, V. Brogonia, H. Brugger, M. Kerimbaev, M. Liu, J. C. Mallows, S. Prinz, A. A. Roesler, S. Rokni, S. H. Sanami, T. Santana-Leitner, M. Sheppard, J. Vincke, H. Vollaire, J. TI BENCHMARK STUDY OF INDUCED RADIOACTIVITY AT A HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRON ACCELERATOR SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE electron accelerators; induced radioactivity; Monte Carlo benchmark data ID CODE AB Samples of different solid materials as well as of water and soil were exposed to the stray radiation field created by a 28.5-GeV electron beam hitting a copper dump. After irradiation, specific activities and residual dose rates were measured at different cooling times from I h up to several months. Furthermore, the irradiation experiment was simulated with the FLUKA Monte Carlo code. The calculations included a detailed identification of interaction processes creating the different nuclides. First comparisons of experimental data on specific activities and FLUKA results indicate underestimation by FLUKA at irradiation locations laterally to the target, while the agreement seems reasonable downstream of it. The irradiation experiment, the current status of the data analysis, and a preliminary comparison with FLUKA results are presented. C1 [Bauer, J. M.; Bharadwaj, V.; Brogonia, H.; Kerimbaev, M.; Liu, J. C.; Prinz, A. A.; Rokni, S. H.; Sanami, T.; Santana-Leitner, M.; Sheppard, J.; Vollaire, J.] SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Brugger, M.; Mallows, S.; Roesler, S.; Vincke, H.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP Bauer, JM (reprint author), SLAC, MS 48,2725 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM Stefan.Roesler@cern.ch OI Sanami, Toshiya/0000-0003-2255-8008 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 648 EP 653 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800012 ER PT J AU Ronningen, RM Bollen, G Remec, I AF Ronningen, R. M. Bollen, Georg Remec, Igor TI ESTIMATED LIMITS ON UNCONTROLLED BEAM LOSSES OF HEAVY IONS FOR ALLOWING HANDS-ON MAINTENANCE AT AN EXOTIC BEAM FACILITY LINAC SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding / 15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of the American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mountain, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE heavy ions; beam-loss limits; hands-on maintenance AB The purpose of the study is to obtain estimates of limits on uncontrolled beam losses of heavy ions for allowing hands-on maintenance at a heavy-ion linac for a rare isotope beam facility. Semiempirical formulas are used to estimate dose equivalent rates from activated accelerator components for 1 W/M uncontrolled losses of protons up to 1 GeV The estimated dose rates after a 100-day irradiation time, 4-h postshutdown cooling time are compared to a hands-on maintenance limit of 1 mSv/h (100 mrem/h) at 30 cm. The transport codes PHITS and MCNP5 and activation code DCHAIN-SP 2001 are used to verify, the estimate for proton losses and to obtain limits on heavy-ion beam losses that will satisfy the hands-on maintenance dose rate limit. C1 [Ronningen, R. M.; Bollen, Georg] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Remec, Igor] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ronningen, RM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, 1 Cyclotron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM Ronningen@nscl.msu.edu NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 EI 1943-7471 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 SI SI BP 670 EP 675 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800016 ER PT J AU Wohlmuther, M Gallmeier, FX Brugger, M Roesler, S AF Wohlmuther, M. Gallmeier, F. X. Brugger, M. Roesler, S. TI ACTIVATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS AND IMPURITIES: A NEW ANSATZ FOR MONTE CARLO CALCULATIONS SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE activation calculations; Monte Carlo; particle transport AB In the framework of activation calculations of accelerator components with Monte Carlo methods, an unsolved problem is to take into account the spallation products of trace elements and impurities in a bulk material. Because of the low probability of spallation reactions with these elements, a large number of primary particles are necessary to obtain some information about their spallation products. A new algorithm for treating high-energy reactions has been implemented into MCNPX 2.5.0 to overcome these deficiencies. With this algorithm, spallation reactions of all constituents of a material will be performed at each high-energy interaction. This leads to the production of spallation products from all elements in a material. We will present examples of how this new methodology influences the outcome of activation calculations. C1 [Wohlmuther, M.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Gallmeier, F. X.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Brugger, M.; Roesler, S.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Wohlmuther, M (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. EM michael.wohlmuther@psi.ch NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 685 EP 688 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800019 ER PT J AU Rakhno, IL Mokhov, NV Striganov, SI AF Rakhno, I. L. Mokhov, N. V. Striganov, S. I. TI RESIDUAL ACTIVATION OF ACCELERATOR COMPONENTS SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE residual dose; residual activation; irradiation AB A method to calculate residual activation of accelerator components is presented. A model for residual dose estimation for thick objects made of arbitrary composite materials for arbitrary irradiation and cooling times is employed in the study. A scaling procedure for applying the model to thin objects with linear dimensions less than a fraction of a nuclear interaction length is described. The scaling has been performed for various materials, and corresponding factors have been determined for objects of certain shapes (slab, solid, and hollow cylinder) that can serve as models for beam pipes, magnets, and collimators. Both contact residual dose and dose attenuation in the air outside irradiated objects are considered. A relation between continuous and pulsed irradiation is accounted for as well. C1 [Rakhno, I. L.; Mokhov, N. V.; Striganov, S. I.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Rakhno, IL (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 220,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM rakhno@fnal.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 689 EP 693 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800020 ER PT J AU Micklich, BJ Gallmeier, FX Wohlmuther, M AF Micklich, Bradley J. Gallmeier, Franz X. Wohlmuther, Michael TI COMPARISON OF SELECTED CODES FOR CALCULATING INDUCED RADIOACTIVITY AT ACCELERATOR FACILITIES SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE accelerator facilities; radioactivation; transmutation codes AB Component radioactivation is an important problem in accelerator facilities, impacting operations, maintenance, decommissioning, and disposal. Radionuclide inventories are calculated for an 8-cm-diam, 30.9-cm-long lead target irradiated by 660-MeV protons using the particle transport code MCNPX and the transmutation codes CINDER'90, ORIHET-3, and SP-FISPACT The results using the various codes and data libraries are compared with experimental measurements. Comparisons are also made between the outputs of the three codes for nuclides not represented in the measurements. For more than half the nuclides studied, the codes agree with the measurements within a factor of 2, and nearly all agree within a factor of 10. The present set of codes and nuclear data files are largely adequate for calculating radioactivation in accelerator facilities, but there is room for substantial improvement for selected radionuclides. C1 [Micklich, Bradley J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gallmeier, Franz X.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wohlmuther, Michael] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. RP Micklich, BJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM bjmicklich@anl.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 700 EP 705 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800022 ER PT J AU Durkee, JW McKinney, GW Trellue, HR Waters, LS Wilson, WB AF Durkee, Joe W., Jr. McKinney, Gregg W. Trellue, Holly R. Waters, Laurie S. Wilson, William B. TI DELAYED-GAMMA SIMULATION USING MCNPX SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE MCNPX; delayed gamma; CINDER90 AB Monitoring issues related to activation and fission processes occur in many health physics, instrumentation and equipment design, nuclear forensics, and homeland security applications. Gamma radiation that is emitted during these processes as a result of the radioactive decay of reaction by-products [delayed gammas (DGs)] provides unique signatures that are useful for interrogation and information acquisition. Thus, it is of compelling interest to have a simulation tool that can be used to conduct studies to provide insights into the activation and fission processes. Beginning with version 2.5.0, MCNPX has been undergoing major upgrades to facilitate DG simulations. We illustrate the upgrades for a simple multiparticle reaction model involving (60)Ni and for (235)U photofission caused by 12-MeV photons. C1 [Durkee, Joe W., Jr.; McKinney, Gregg W.; Trellue, Holly R.; Waters, Laurie S.; Wilson, William B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Durkee, JW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS K575, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jdurkee@lanl.gov NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 761 EP 764 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800031 ER PT J AU Booth, TE Kelley, KC McCready, SS AF Booth, T. E. Kelley, K. C. McCready, S. S. TI MONTE CARLO VARIANCE REDUCTION USING NESTED DXTRAN SPHERES SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE Monte Carlo; variance reduction; angle biasing AB Dxtran is a deterministic transport method typically used for increasing the sampling in a spherical region that would otherwise not be adequately sampled because the probability of scartering toward the region is often very small. Essentially, the dxtran method splits the particle into two pieces at each source or collision point: a piece that arrives (without further collisions) at the dxtran sphere and a piece that does not. One difficulty with the dxtran method is that it can introduce a large weight fluctuation between particles colliding just before the sphere and particles colliding after crossing the sphere. New work shows that it is possible to mitigate this difficulty by extending the dxtran sphere concept to a set of nested dxtran spheres. Each dxtran sphere then shields its interior from particles whose weights are too large so that weights are more commensurate with their locations. Shielding against the large weights not only increases the efficiency of the calculation but the reliability as well. The effectiveness of the technique in MCNP was demonstrated on a 1-km air transport problem and on a concrete duct problem. C1 [Booth, T. E.; Kelley, K. C.; McCready, S. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Booth, TE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM teb@lanl.gov NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 765 EP 767 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800032 ER PT J AU Gallmeier, FX Wohlmuther, M Filges, U Kiselev, D Muhrer, G AF Gallmeier, F. X. Wohlmuther, M. Filges, U. Kiselev, D. Muhrer, G. TI IMPLEMENTATION OF NEUTRON MIRROR MODELING CAPABILITY INTO MCNPX AND ITS DEMONSTRATION IN FIRST APPLICATIONS SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE neutron mirror; neutron transport; neutron guide AB Reflection of thermal and cold neutrons by polished surfaces and so-called supermirrors effect radiation fields in and around neutron beamlines. To allow the prediction of these radiation fields with MCNPX 2.5.0, two new input cards were implemented for defining mirror properties of surfaces. Mirror properties can be linked to any type of surface, in contrast to other neutron optics codes, where the mirror properties are part of component descriptions, allowing the simulation of very complex neutron optical devices. First calculations are under way to verify the new capability against combinations of MCNPX and MCSTAS (neutron optics code) simulations. Also, simulations are under way to compare the predicted neutron beam characteristics against measurements conducted at Paul Scherrer Institut. C1 [Gallmeier, F. X.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wohlmuther, M.; Filges, U.; Kiselev, D.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Muhrer, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gallmeier, FX (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gallmeierfz@ornl.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 768 EP 772 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800033 ER PT J AU Peplow, DE Evans, TM Wagner, JC AF Peplow, Douglas E. Evans, Thomas M. Wagner, John C. TI SIMULTANEOUS OPTIMIZATION OF TALLIES; IN DIFFICULT SHIELDING PROBLEMS SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE Monte Carlo; hybrid method; variance reduction AB Monte Carlo is quite useful for calculating specific quantities in complex transport problems. Many variance reduction strategies have been developed that accelerate Monte Carlo calculations for specific tallies. However, when trying to calculate multiple tallies or a mesh tally, users have had to accept different levels of relative uncertainty among the tallies or run separate calculations optimized for each individual tally. To address this limitation, an extension of the Consistent Adjoint Driven Importance Sampling (CADIS) method, which is used for difficult source/detector problems, has been developed to optimize several tallies or the cells of a mesh tally simultaneously. The basis for this method is the development of an importance function that represents the importance of particles to the objective of uniform Monte Carlo particle density in the desired tally regions. This method utilizes the results of a forward discrete ordinates solution, which may be based on a quick coarse-mesh calculation, to develop a forward-weighted source for the adjoint calculation. The importance map and the biased source computed from the adjoint flux are then used in the forward Monte Carlo calculation to obtain approximately uniform relative uncertainties for the desired tallies. This extension is called forward-weighted CADIS, or FW-CADIS. C1 [Peplow, Douglas E.; Evans, Thomas M.; Wagner, John C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Peplow, DE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM peplowde@ornl.gov RI Wagner, John/K-3644-2015 OI Wagner, John/0000-0003-0257-4502 NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 785 EP 792 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800036 ER PT J AU Wagner, JC Peplow, DE Evans, TM AF Wagner, John C. Peplow, Douglas E. Evans, Thomas M. TI AUTOMATED VARIANCE REDUCTION APPLIED TO NUCLEAR WELL-LOGGING PROBLEMS SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE Monte Carlo; nuclear well-logging; variance reduction AB Simulating nuclear well-logging devices with Monte Carlo methods is computationally challenging and requires significant variance reduction to compute detector responses with low statistical uncertainties in reasonable lengths of time. The consistent adjoint-driven importance sampling (CADIS) method, which provides consistent source and transport biasing parameters based on a deterministic adjoint (importance) function, has been demonstrated to be very effective for well-logging simulations and other deep-penetration problems. A recent extension to the CADIS method, FW-CADIS (forward-weighted CADIS), is designed to optimize the calculation of several tallies at once by using an adjoint function based on an adjoint source weighted by the inverse of the forward flux. These advanced variance reduction methods have been incorporated and automated into the MAVRIC sequence of SCALE, making them very easy to use. The CADIS and FW-CADIS methods are demonstrated and compared on simple benchmark models of both neutron- and photon-based well-logging devices. Both advanced variance reduction methods offer a substantial reduction in computing time, compared to analog simulation, for these applications. C1 [Wagner, John C.; Peplow, Douglas E.; Evans, Thomas M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wagner, JC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wagnerjc@ornl.gov RI Wagner, John/K-3644-2015 OI Wagner, John/0000-0003-0257-4502 NR 13 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 799 EP 809 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800038 ER PT J AU Burns, K Hertel, N Ansari, A AF Burns, Kimberly Hertel, Nolan Ansari, Armin TI MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS TO DETERMINE DOSES TO HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS AFTER A RADIOLOGICAL DISPERSAL DEVICE EVENT SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE Monte Carlo simulation; radiological dispersal device; healthcare giver dose AB After a radiological dispersal device event, there may be internally and/or externally contaminated victims. Those with life-threatening injuries may require immediate medical assistance prior to decontamination. The dose rates to which a healthcare provider is exposed due to the internal and external contamination of the victim were computed using Monte Carlo simulations and five anthropomorphic phantoms. For the external contamination modeling, the contamination is assumed to be uniformly, distributed over the entire exterior of the victim's body. For the internal contamination modeling, the contamination was distributed in the appropriate organs according to biokinetic modeling. The specific isotopes considered were (60)Co, (137)CS, (131)I, (192)Ir, and (241)Am. The calculated dose rates demonstrate that life-saving care to stabilize critical patients can be provided without exceeding dose guidelines for first responders. C1 [Burns, Kimberly; Hertel, Nolan] Nucl & Radiol Program, GW Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Ansari, Armin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Radiat Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effect, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Burns, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. EM kimberly.burns@pnl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 820 EP 823 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800041 ER PT J AU Trellue, HR Little, RC White, MC MacFarlane, RE Kahler, AC AF Trellue, Holly R. Little, Robert C. White, Morgan C. MacFarlane, Robert E. Kahler, A. C. TI ENDF70: A CONTINUOUS-ENERGY MCNP NEUTRON DATA LIBRARY BASED ON ENDF/B-VII.0 SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE ENDF70; NJOY; ENDF/B-VII.0 AB Following the release of ENDFIB-VII.0 evaluations, an ACE-formatted continuous-energy neutron data library called ENDF70 for MCNP has been produced at Los Alamos National Laboratory. This new library contains data for 387 isotopes and three elements at five temperatures: 293.6, 600, 900, 1200, and 2500 K. It can be obtained as part of the MCNP5 1.50 release. The new library was created using ENDFIB-VII.0 neutron evaluations and primarily version 248 of NJOY99. A processing script was created that set up the input files for NJOY and employed checking codes to test the content of the processed data. A sample MCNP run was performed for each isotope and temperature, and cross sections for each isotope were plotted to make sure there were no major problems. The processed ACE libraries did not always pass all quality assurance tests. For example, energy-balance problems were identified for several evaluations having negative heating numbers or inconsistencies between total and partial heating. Similarly, some problems were found with unresolved resonance probability tables, resulting in probability, tables being excluded from the final library for several materials. Certain evaluations were modified and reprocessed as a result of the quality assurance tests, and some data points in the final ACE files were changed because they were too small or had other problems. The new ENDF70 library provides MCNP users with the latest ENDF/B data available. This collection of data includes a larger range of isotopes and temperatures than previously released, which will be beneficial in numerous applications. The upgrades included as part of ENDF/B-VII.0 and, hence, ENDF70 should improve calculations. C1 [Trellue, Holly R.; Little, Robert C.; White, Morgan C.; MacFarlane, Robert E.; Kahler, A. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Trellue, HR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM trellue@lanl.gov NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 832 EP 836 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800043 ER PT J AU Hayes, RB AF Hayes, Robert B. TI PRELIMINARY BENCHMARKING EFFORTS AND MCNP SIMULATION RESULTS FOR HOMELAND SECURITY SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE detector; benchmark; MCNP AB It is shown that basic measurements made from well-defined source detector configurations can be readily converted into benchmark quality results by which Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) input stacks can be validated. Specifically, a recent measurement made in support of national security at the Nevada Test Site is described with sufficient detail to be submitted to the American Nuclear Society's Joint Benchmark Committee for consideration as a radiation measurement benchmark. From this very basic measurement, MCNP input stacks are generated and validated both in predicted signal amplitude and spectral shape. Not modeled at this time are those perturbations from the more recent pulse-height-light tally feature, although what spectral deviations are seen can be partially attributed to not including this small correction. The value of this work is as a proof-of-concept demonstration that well-documented historical testing can be converted into formal radiation measurement benchmarks. This provides evidentiary support that validated virtual testing could eventually be carried out for various detection system technologies including algorithms, new detector designs, constructions, and arbitrary source and shielding assemblies. C1 [Hayes, Robert B.] Remote Sensing Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Hayes, RB (reprint author), Waste Isolat Pilot Plant, US Dept Energy, POB 2078, Carlsbad, NM 88221 USA. EM robert.hayes@wipp.ws NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 852 EP 857 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800047 ER PT J AU Zhong, ZP Gohar, Y AF Zhong, Zhaopeng Gohar, Yousry TI BIOLOGICAL SHIELD DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF KIPT ACCELERATOR-DRIVEN SUBCRITICAL FACILITY SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE electron accelerator-driven subcritical facility; shield; MCNPX AB Argonne National Laboratory of the United States and Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology of Ukraine have been collaborating on the conceptual design development of an electron accelerator-driven subcritical facility. The facility will be utilized for performing basic and applied nuclear research, producing medical isotopes, and training young nuclear specialists. This paper presents the design and analyses of the biological shield performed for the top section of the facility. The neutron source driving the subcritical assembly is generated from the interaction of a 100-kW electron beam with a natural uranium target. The electron energy is in the range of 100 to 200 Me V, and it has a uniform spatial distribution. The shield design and the associated analyses are presented including different parametric studies. In the analyses, a significant effort was dedicated to the accurate prediction of the radiation dose outside the shield boundary as a function of the shield thickness without geometrical approximations or material homogenization. The MCNPX Monte Carlo code was utilized for the transport calculation of electrons, photons, and neutrons. Weight window variance-reduction techniques were introduced, and the dose equivalent outside the shield can be calculated with reasonably good statistics. C1 [Zhong, Zhaopeng; Gohar, Yousry] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhong, ZP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM zzhong@anl.gov NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 871 EP 876 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800050 ER PT J AU Kelsey, CT Muhrer, G Pitcher, EJ AF Kelsey, Charles T. Muhrer, Guenter Pitcher, Eric J. TI RADIONUCLIDE INVENTORY CALCULATIONS FOR THE MATERIALS TEST STATION SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE accelerator; spallation; transmutation AB Radionuclide inventory calculations support design and accident analyses for the Materials Test Station (MTS). MTS is a spallation source facility being designed to irradiate reactor fuels and materials in a fast neutron spectrum. Calculated radionuclide inventories are used to provide decay heat input to cooling system design, decay radiation source terms for hot cell design, and material-at-risk input to accident analyses. CINDER'90 is a transmutation code that uses MCNPX-calculated spallation productyields and neurron fluxes to calculate residual nuclide concentrations based on irradiation history. The code also calculates decay heat and photon spectra for the resulting radionuclide inventories. A total activity of 2 X 10(17) Bq is created during MTS operation. Decay heat is an important factor since in loss of primary cooling scenarios, this heat must be removed. The major sources at shutdown are 3000 W for the tungsten target plates and 6000 W for fuel pins being irradiated. Decay photon spectra result in unshielded dose rates that hot cell design must accommodate on the order of 1000 Sv/h. The MTS design includes lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) coolant. For accident analysis (210)Po activity in the LBE is a significant concern. The calculated (210)Po activity following 2.5 yr of operation is 2 X 10(14) Bq. Radionuclide inventory calculations are important for MTS design. The CINDER'90 code is a valuable tool for this purpose. C1 [Kelsey, Charles T.; Muhrer, Guenter; Pitcher, Eric J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kelsey, CT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ckelsey@lanl.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 957 EP 964 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800062 ER PT J AU Lu, W Ferguson, PD Gallmeier, FX Iverson, EB Popova, II Wang, Y AF Lu, W. Ferguson, P. D. Gallmeier, F. X. Iverson, E. B. Popova, I. I. Wang, Y. TI A SAMPLE ACTIVATION PROGRAM FOR NEUTRON-SCATTERING EXPERIMENTS SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division of American-Nuclear-Society CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE sample activation; Spallation Neutron Source; SAPEU AB Upon reaching 180 kW, approximately one-eighth of its designed full power, the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) became the brightest pulsed neutron source in the world in August 2007. This state-of-the-art neutron-scattering facility is expected to attract 1000 to 2000 scientists and engineers each year from universities, industries, and laboratories around the world. The activation level of users' samples must be estimated before the experiment for proper sample preparation, storage, and postexperiment treatment in compliance with the safety regulations at SNS. A program written in Perl, SAPEU (Sample Activation Program for Easy Use), was developed to serve such requests from the SNS user community. The CINDER'90 library was implemented within the program for tracking the transmutation products of the irradiated sample. The SAPEU program assumes that the incident neutron flux attenuates with the total absorption cross section and calculates the radionuclide inventory, radiotoxicity categories, radiation dose rate, and gamma spectrum during each irradiation period from a simple user input. The SAPEU program can estimate the sample activation due to a cold neutron spectrum, not limited by the 5-meV lowest energy boundary of the CINDER'90 cross-section library. For validation, the SAPEU program methodology was compared to a full analysis involving MCNPX for the flux calculation and CINDER'90 for the activation analysis for typical sample activation cases. The results were in good agreement. Although this program was developed for SNS, it may be useful as a general sample activation prediction tool at any neutron-scattering facility. C1 [Lu, W.; Ferguson, P. D.; Gallmeier, F. X.; Iverson, E. B.; Popova, I. I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wang, Y.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Lu, W (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM luw2@ornl.gov OI Popova, Irina/0000-0001-9965-9902; Ferguson, Phillip/0000-0002-7661-4223; Iverson, Erik /0000-0002-7920-705X NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 168 IS 3 BP 970 EP 974 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 524SS UT WOS:000272163800064 ER PT J AU Seeger, T Kiefer, J Leipertz, A Patterson, BD Kliewer, CJ Settersten, TB AF Seeger, Thomas Kiefer, Johannes Leipertz, Alfred Patterson, Brian D. Kliewer, Christopher J. Settersten, Thomas B. TI Picosecond time-resolved pure-rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy for N-2 thermometry SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING THERMOMETRY; CARS; NITROGEN; AIR AB Time-resolved pure-rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy using picosecond-duration laser pulses is investigated for gas thermometry. The use of picosecond laser pulses significantly reduces background caused by scattering of the probe beam, and delayed probing of the Raman coherence enables elimination of interference from nonresonant four-wave mixing processes. Temperatures inferred from rotational spectra are sensitive to the probe delay because of the rotational-level dependence of collisional dephasing of Raman coherences. The sensitivity decreases, however, with increasing temperature, and accurate temperature measurements in a flame are demonstrated using a standard frequency-domain analysis of the spectra. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Patterson, Brian D.; Kliewer, Christopher J.; Settersten, Thomas B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Seeger, Thomas; Kiefer, Johannes; Leipertz, Alfred] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Lehrstuhl Tech Thermodynam, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Seeger, Thomas; Kiefer, Johannes; Leipertz, Alfred] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Grad Sch Adv Opt Technol SAOT, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. RP Settersten, TB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM tbsette@sandia.gov RI Kiefer, Johannes/C-6522-2008; Kliewer, Christopher/E-4070-2010; Settersten, Thomas/B-3480-2009; Seeger, Thomas/C-3951-2017 OI Kiefer, Johannes/0000-0002-0837-3456; Kliewer, Christopher/0000-0002-2661-1753; Settersten, Thomas/0000-0002-8017-0258; Seeger, Thomas/0000-0002-9145-5910 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Funding provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences and the Bavaria California Technology Center. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 13 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 34 IS 23 BP 3755 EP 3757 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 526GI UT WOS:000272275300054 PM 19953185 ER PT J AU Brady, MP Yamamoto, Y Santella, ML Walker, LR AF Brady, M. P. Yamamoto, Y. Santella, M. L. Walker, L. R. TI Composition, Microstructure, and Water Vapor Effects on Internal/External Oxidation of Alumina-Forming Austenitic Stainless Steels SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE Stainless steel; Third-element effect; Multi-phase alloy oxidation; Water vapor; Alumina ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; FE-CR ALLOYS; CREEP-RESISTANT; SCALE FORMATION; BREAKAWAY OXIDATION; INTERNAL OXIDATION; CHROMIUM; BEHAVIOR; HYDROGEN; AIR AB A family of creep-resistant austenitic stainless steels based on alumina (Al2O3) scale formation (AFA alloys) for superior high-temperature oxidation resistance was recently identified. Excellent oxidation behavior was observed at 650 and 700 A degrees C in air with 10% water vapor. However, particularly at 800 A degrees C, the presence of water vapor greatly increased the tendency for internal oxidation of Al. Water vapor also enhanced subscale Al depletion in some AFA alloys relative to dry air exposure. Increased levels of Nb additions were found to significantly improve oxidation resistance, as were reactive element additions of Hf and Y. Computational thermodynamic calculations of the austenitic matrix phase composition and the volume fraction of MC, B2-NiAl, and Fe2Nb base Laves phase precipitates were used to interpret oxidation behavior in terms of two-phase oxidation theory, reservoir effect, and the third-element effect of Cr. Of particular interest was the enrichment of Cr in the austenitic matrix phase by additions of Nb, which aided the establishment and maintenance of alumina. Higher levels of Nb additions also increased the volume fraction of B2-NiAl precipitates, which served as an Al reservoir during long-term oxidation. Implications of these findings for the design of AFA alloys with increased upper use temperature limits are discussed. C1 [Brady, M. P.; Yamamoto, Y.; Santella, M. L.; Walker, L. R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Brady, MP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM bradymp@ornl.gov RI Brady, Michael/A-8122-2008 OI Brady, Michael/0000-0003-1338-4747 FU US DOE [DE-AC0500OR22725]; United States Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The authors thank P.-F. Tortorelli, H. Bei, B. A. Pint, and I. G. Wright for helpful comments on this manuscript. This work was funded by the Fossil Energy Advanced Research Materials program. Additional funding and collaboration with the SHaRE User Facility at ORNL is also acknowledged. ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the US DOE under contract DE-AC0500OR22725. Notice: This submission was sponsored by a contractor of the United States Government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the United States Department of Energy. The United States Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting this submission for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains, a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this submission, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 42 TC 50 Z9 55 U1 4 U2 30 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X EI 1573-4889 J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 72 IS 5-6 BP 311 EP 333 DI 10.1007/s11085-009-9161-2 PG 23 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 509BA UT WOS:000270984800005 ER PT J AU Thakur, R Gropp, W AF Thakur, Rajeev Gropp, William TI Test suite for evaluating performance of multithreaded MPI communication SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th European-PVM-MPI-Users-Group Meeting CY SEP 30-OCT 03, 2007 CL Paris, FRANCE SP European PVM MPI Users Grp DE Message passing interface (MPI); Multithreading; Performance measurement; Benchmarks AB As parallel systems are commonly being built out of increasingly large multicore chips, application programmers are exploring the use of hybrid programming models combining MPI across nodes and multithreading within a node. Many MPI implementations, however, are just starting to support multithreaded MPI communication, often focussing on correctness first and performance later. As a result, both users and implementers need some measure for evaluating the multithreaded performance of an MPI implementation. In this paper, we propose a number of performance tests that are motivated by typical application scenarios. These tests cover the overhead of providing the MPI_THREAD_MULTIPLE level of thread safety for user programs, the amount of concurrency in different threads making MPI calls, the ability to overlap communication with computation, and other features. We present performance results with this test suite on several platforms (Linux cluster, Sun and IBM SMPs) and MPI implementations (MPICH2, Open MPI, IBM, and Sun). (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Thakur, Rajeev] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gropp, William] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Thakur, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM thakur@mcs.anl.gov; wgropp@uiuc.edu OI Gropp, William/0000-0003-2905-3029 NR 14 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 35 IS 12 BP 608 EP 617 DI 10.1016/j.parco.2008.12.013 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 535IY UT WOS:000272962600005 ER PT J AU Shin, M Besser, LM Kucik, JE Lu, CX Siffel, C Correa, A AF Shin, Mikyong Besser, Lilah M. Kucik, James E. Lu, Chengxing Siffel, Csaba Correa, Adolfo CA Congenital Anomaly Multistate Prev TI Prevalence of Down Syndrome Among Children and Adolescents in 10 Regions of the United States SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE Down syndrome; prevalence; children; adolescents; epidemiology ID METROPOLITAN ATLANTA; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; HEALTH-CARE; SURVIVAL; POPULATION; INFANTS; TRANSITION; DEFECTS; DISEASE AB OBJECTIVE: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of Down syndrome (DS) among children and adolescents aged 0 to 19 years in 10 regions of the United States. METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional analysis of live-born infants with DS during 1979-2003 from 10 population-based birth defects registries in the United States. We estimated the prevalence of DS at birth and among children aged 0 to 19 years in each region and in all regions pooled. The prevalence of DS among children and adolescents was calculated overall and according to age group, race/ethnicity, infant gender, and presence of a major heart defect. RESULTS: From 1979 through 2003, the prevalence of DS at birth increased by 31.1%, from 9.0 to 11.8 per 10 000 live births in 10 US regions. In 2002, the prevalence among children and adolescents (0-19 years old) was 10.3 per 10 000. The prevalence of DS among children in a given age group consistently increased over time but decreased with age within a given birth cohort. The pooled prevalence of DS among children and adolescents was lower among non-Hispanic black individuals and other racial/ethnic groups compared with non-Hispanic white individuals; it was also lower among females than males. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides prevalence estimates of DS among children and adolescents from 10 US regions. These estimates varied according to region, race/ethnicity, and gender, suggesting possible variation in prevalence at birth or in survival rates on the basis of these characteristics. Pediatrics 2009;124:1565-1571 C1 [Shin, Mikyong; Kucik, James E.; Lu, Chengxing; Siffel, Csaba; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shin, Mikyong; Lu, Chengxing] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Besser, Lilah M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept City & Reg Planning, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Siffel, Csaba] Comp Sci Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shin, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mshin@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 103 Z9 106 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2009 VL 124 IS 6 BP 1565 EP 1571 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-0745 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 524SE UT WOS:000272162400008 PM 19948627 ER PT J AU Yano, J Yachandra, VK AF Yano, Junko Yachandra, Vittal K. TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Photosystem II; Water oxidation; Oxygen evolution; Manganese cluster; X-ray spectroscopy; EXAFS; XANES; X-ray dichroism ID OXYGEN-EVOLVING COMPLEX; PHOTOSYNTHETIC MN4CA CLUSTER; PHOTOSYSTEM-II MEMBRANES; MANGANESE CLUSTER; OXIDATION-STATES; STRONTIUM EXAFS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; FINE-STRUCTURE; WATER; CALCIUM AB This review gives a brief description of the theory and application of X-ray absorption spectroscopy, both X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), especially, pertaining to photosynthesis. The advantages and limitations of the methods are discussed. Recent advances in extended EXAFS and polarized EXAFS using oriented membranes and single crystals are explained. Developments in theory in understanding the XANES spectra are described. The application of X-ray absorption spectroscopy to the study of the Mn(4)Ca cluster in Photosystem II is presented. C1 [Yano, Junko; Yachandra, Vittal K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yachandra, VK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jyano@lbl.gov; vkyachandra@lbl.gov FU NIH [GM 55302]; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences of the Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL); Advanced Light Source (ALS); Advanced Photon Source (APS); National Center for Research Resources (NCRR); DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX The research presented here was supported by the NIH Grant GM 55302, and by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences of the Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Synchrotron facilities were provided by the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL), the Advanced Light Source (ALS), and the Advanced Photon Source (APS) operated by DOE OBES. The SSRL Biomedical Technology program is supported by NIH, the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), and the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research. NR 40 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 9 U2 94 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 102 IS 2-3 BP 241 EP 254 DI 10.1007/s11120-009-9473-8 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 519UV UT WOS:000271795400013 PM 19653117 ER PT J AU Tiede, DM Mardis, KL Zuo, XB AF Tiede, David M. Mardis, Kristy L. Zuo, Xiaobing TI X-ray scattering combined with coordinate-based analyses for applications in natural and artificial photosynthesis SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE X-ray scattering; Photosynthesis; Artificial photosynthesis; Solution structure; Supramolecular chemistry; Molecular dynamics; Structure-function ID PHOTOACTIVE YELLOW PROTEIN; SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; MANGANESE-STABILIZING SUBUNIT; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; FUNCTIONAL DYNAMICS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; PHOTOSYSTEM-II AB Advances in X-ray light sources and detectors have created opportunities for advancing our understanding of structure and structural dynamics for supramolecular assemblies in solution by combining X-ray scattering measurement with coordinate-based modeling methods. In this review the foundations for X-ray scattering are discussed and illustrated with selected examples demonstrating the ability to correlate solution X-ray scattering measurements to molecular structure, conformation, and dynamics. These approaches are anticipated to have a broad range of applications in natural and artificial photosynthesis by offering possibilities for structure resolution for dynamic supramolecular assemblies in solution that can not be fully addressed with crystallographic techniques, and for resolving fundamental mechanisms for solar energy conversion by mapping out structure in light-excited reaction states. C1 [Tiede, David M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mardis, Kristy L.] Chicago State Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, Chicago, IL 60628 USA. [Zuo, Xiaobing] NCI, Prot Nucle Acid Interact Sect, Struct Biophys Lab, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Tiede, DM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM tiede@anl.gov; kmardis@csu.edu; zuox@mail.nih.gov RI Zuo, Xiaobing/F-1469-2010; OI Mardis, Kristy/0000-0003-2633-9304; Zuo, Xiaobing/0000-0002-0134-4804 FU Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science Foundation [HRD0413000]; National Institutes of Health [1SC2GM083717] FX This study was supported by the Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under contract numbers DE-AC02-06CH11357 (D.M.T. and work at APS Sector 12), National Science Foundation IL-LSAMP grant HRD0413000, and National Institutes of Health Grant 1SC2GM083717 (K.L.M.). The software program, solX, used for coordinated based X- ray scattering calculations is available by request to D. M. T. or X. Z. NR 78 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 102 IS 2-3 BP 267 EP 279 DI 10.1007/s11120-009-9475-6 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 519UV UT WOS:000271795400015 PM 19636808 ER PT J AU Kothe, G Thurnauer, MC AF Kothe, Gerd Thurnauer, Marion C. TI What you get out of high-time resolution electron paramagnetic resonance: example from photosynthetic bacteria SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Conformational gating; Electron transfer mechanism; Purple photosynthetic bacteria; Quantum oscillations; Spin-correlated radical pair; Structure of charge separated state; Time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance; Ubiquinone A ID CORRELATED RADICAL PAIRS; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES R-26; TRANSIENT EPR SPECTROSCOPY; QUANTUM BEAT OSCILLATIONS; CHARGE-SEPARATED STATE; HIGH-FIELD EPR; SUBSTITUTED REACTION CENTERS; INDUCED STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; W-BAND EPR; SPIN POLARIZATION AB The primary energy conversion steps of natural photosynthesis proceed via light-induced radical ion pairs as short-lived intermediates. Time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments of photosynthetic reaction centers monitor the key charge separated state between the oxidized primary electron donor and reduced quinone acceptor, e.g., P (865) (+) Q (A) (-) of purple photosynthetic bacteria. The time-resolved EPR spectra of P (865) (+) Q (A) (-) are indicative of a spin-correlated radical pair that is created from the excited singlet state of P (865) in an ultra-fast photochemical reaction. Importantly, the spin-correlated radical pair nature of the charge separated state is a common feature of all photosynthetic reaction centers, which gives rise to several interesting spin phenomena such as quantum oscillations, observed at short delay times after optical excitation. In this review, we describe details of the quantum oscillation phenomenon and present a complete analysis of the data obtained from the charge separated state of purple bacteria, P (865) (+) Q (A) (-) . The analysis and simulation of the quantum oscillations yield the three-dimensional structure of P (865) (+) Q (A) (-) in the photosynthetic membrane on a nanosecond time scale after light-induced charge separation. Comparison with crystallographic data reveals that the position of Q (A) (-) is essentially the same as in the X-ray structure. However, the head group of Q (A) (-) has undergone a 60A degrees rotation in the ring plane relative to its orientation in the crystal structure. The results are discussed within the framework of the previously suggested conformational gating mechanism for electron transfer from Q (A) (-) to the secondary quinone acceptor Q (B). C1 [Kothe, Gerd] Univ Freiburg, Dept Phys Chem, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. [Thurnauer, Marion C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kothe, G (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, Dept Phys Chem, Albertstr 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. EM gerd.kothe@physchem.uni-freiburg.de FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); DFG [SPP 1051]; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences [W-31-109-Eng-38] FX We would like to thank our coworkers whose contributions are essential for our time-resolved EPR research of the photosynthetic systems: M. Bechtold, T. Berthold, U. Heinen, G. Link, J. Lalevee, J.R. Norris, E. Ohmes, O.G. Poluektov, S. Schlesselman, J. Tang, L. Utschig, and S. Weber. Research in the Freiburg laboratory was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) and by the DFG priority program "High-Field EPR in Biology, Chemistry and Physics'' (SPP 1051). Work at Argonne, cited in this article, was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under contract W-31-109-Eng-38. NR 85 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 102 IS 2-3 BP 349 EP 365 DI 10.1007/s11120-009-9419-1 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 519UV UT WOS:000271795400021 PM 19350413 ER PT J AU Sproviero, EM Newcomer, MB Gascon, JA Batista, ER Brudvig, GW Batista, VS AF Sproviero, Eduardo M. Newcomer, Michael B. Gascon, Jose A. Batista, Enrique R. Brudvig, Gary W. Batista, Victor S. TI The MoD-QM/MM methodology for structural refinement of photosystem II and other biological macromolecules SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Quantum mechanics; Molecular mechanics; Photosystem II; EXAFS; MoD-QM/MM ID OXYGEN-EVOLVING COMPLEX; EXTENDED X-RAY; PHOTOSYNTHETIC WATER OXIDATION; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; QUANTUM MECHANICS/MOLECULAR MECHANICS; BRIDGED MANGANESE COMPLEXES; MIXED-VALENCE INTERACTIONS; TRANSITION-METAL DIMERS; QUASI-NEWTON METHODS; NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE AB Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) hybrid methods are currently the most powerful computational tools for studies of structure/function relations and structural refinement of macrobiomolecules (e.g., proteins and nucleic acids). These methods are highly efficient, since they implement quantum chemistry techniques for modeling only the small part of the system (QM layer) that undergoes chemical modifications, charge transfer, etc., under the influence of the surrounding environment. The rest of the system (MM layer) is described in terms of molecular mechanics force fields, assuming that its influence on the QM layer can be roughly decomposed in terms of electrostatic interactions and steric hindrance. Common limitations of QM/MM methods include inaccuracies in the MM force fields, when polarization effects are not explicitly considered, and the approximate treatment of electrostatic interactions at the boundaries between QM and MM layers. This article reviews recent advances in the development of computational protocols that allow for rigorous modeling of electrostatic interactions in extended systems beyond the common limitations of QM/MM hybrid methods. We focus on the moving-domain QM/MM (MoD-QM/MM) methodology that partitions the system into many molecular domains and obtains the electrostatic and structural properties of the whole system from an iterative self-consistent treatment of the constituent molecular fragments. We illustrate the MoD-QM/MM method as applied to the description of photosystem II as well as in conjunction with the application of spectroscopically constrained QM/MM optimization methods, based on high-resolution spectroscopic data (extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra, and exchange coupling constants). C1 [Sproviero, Eduardo M.; Newcomer, Michael B.; Gascon, Jose A.; Brudvig, Gary W.; Batista, Victor S.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Batista, Enrique R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Batista, VS (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Chem, POB 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM victor.batista@yale.edu RI Gascon, Jose /N-5702-2016 OI Gascon, Jose /0000-0002-4176-9030 FU National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC); NSF ECCS [0404191]; DOE [DE-FG02-07ER15909]; NIH [2R01-GM043278, GM32715]; US-Israel BSF [R08164] FX V. S. Batista acknowledges a generous allocation of DOE supercomputer time from the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) and financial support from the Grants NSF ECCS # 0404191, DOE DE-FG02-07ER15909, NIH 2R01-GM043278 and the US-Israel BSF R08164. G. W. Brudvig acknowledges support from NIH GM32715. NR 83 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 102 IS 2-3 BP 455 EP 470 DI 10.1007/s11120-009-9467-6 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 519UV UT WOS:000271795400031 PM 19633920 ER PT J AU Maroni, VA Obradors, X AF Maroni, Victor A. Obradors, Xavier TI Special Issue Perspectives on Flux Pinning in the MBCO Coated Conductor Preface SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Maroni, Victor A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Obradors, Xavier] Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. RP Maroni, VA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM maroni@anl.gov; obradors@icmab.es RI Obradors, Xavier/A-8146-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 469 IS 23-24 BP 2015 EP 2015 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2009.09.009 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533KZ UT WOS:000272823900001 ER PT J AU Chen, ZJ Kametani, F Gurevich, A Larbalestier, D AF Chen, Zhijun Kametani, Fumitake Gurevich, Alex Larbalestier, David TI Pinning, thermally activated depinning and their importance for tuning the nanoprecipitate size and density in high J(c) YBa2Cu3O7-x films SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE YBCO; Coated conductor; Pinning; Nanoprecipitate; Thermally activated depinning; Critical current density ID NANOPARTICLE DISPERSIONS; CRITICAL CURRENTS; SUPERCONDUCTOR; WIRE; MECHANISMS; DEPOSITION AB YBa2Cu3O7-x (Y123) films with quantitatively controlled artificial nanoprecipitate pinning centers were grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and characterized by transport over wide temperature (T) and magnetic field (H) ranges and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The critical current density J(c) was found to be determined by the interplay of strong vortex pinning and thermally activated depinning (TAD), which together produced a non-monotonic dependence of J(c) on c-axis pin spacing d(c). At low T and H,J(c) increased with decreasing d(c), reaching the very high J(c) similar to 48 MA/cm(2) similar to 20% of the depairing current density J(d) at 10 K, self-field and d(c) similar to 10 nm, but at higher T and H when TAD effects become significant, J(c) was optimized at larger d(c) because longer vortex segments confined between nanoprecipitates are less prone to thermal fluctuations. We conclude that precipitates should extend at least several coherence lengths along vortices in order to produce irreversibility fields H-irr(77 K) greater than 7 T and maximum bulk pinning forces F-p,F-max(77 K) greater than 7-8 GN/m(3) (values appropriate for H parallel to the c-axis). Our results show that there is no universal pin array that optimizes J(c) at all T and H. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Zhijun; Kametani, Fumitake; Gurevich, Alex; Larbalestier, David] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Chen, ZJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM zchen@anl.gov RI Chen, Zhijun/D-2871-2009; Gurevich, Alex/A-4327-2008; Larbalestier, David/B-2277-2008 OI Gurevich, Alex/0000-0003-0759-8941; Larbalestier, David/0000-0001-7098-7208 FU US Department of Energy FX We would like to thank Aixia Xu for assistance with some of the transport measurements, as well as Aixia Xu and Jan Jaroszynski for many discussions of pinning in the low temperature limit. The work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Electricity Transmission and Distribution. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 469 IS 23-24 BP 2021 EP 2028 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2009.08.013 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533KZ UT WOS:000272823900003 ER PT J AU Wang, H Foltyn, SR Civale, L Maiorov, B Jia, QX AF Wang, H. Foltyn, S. R. Civale, L. Maiorov, B. Jia, Q. X. TI Attenuation of interfacial pinning enhancement in YBCO using a PrBCO buffer layer SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Interface; Flux pinning; Y-based Cuprate; Cuprate ID COATED CONDUCTORS; FILMS; THICKNESS AB Numerous experimental results have suggested that the J(c) of YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7) (YBCO) films is significantly higher near the film-substrate interface than in the remainder of the film. We previously proposed that this effect is due to interfacial pinning enhancement caused by stress and the resulting misfit dislocations at the heteroepitaxial interface. To test this hypothesis we have used a non-superconducting PrBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) (PrBCO) buffer layer to minimize the lattice mismatch with YBCO. We find that the PrBCO layers lower J(c) of the 0.4 mu m YBCO films in a predictable way, and that, if sufficiently thick (similar to 0.5 mu m), they eliminate interfacial enhancement altogether. Our interpretation of this result is that the defects responsible for interfacial enhancement of flux pinning originate at the bottom of the non-superconducting PrBCO layer, which screens the pinning centers from vortices in YBCO. This result demonstrates that the pinning enhancement arises from stress at the film-substrate interface. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Wang, H.; Foltyn, S. R.; Civale, L.; Maiorov, B.; Jia, Q. X.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, H (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM wangh@ece.tamu.edu RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014; OI Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209; Maiorov, Boris/0000-0003-1885-0436; Civale, Leonardo/0000-0003-0806-3113 FU Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE), US Department of Energy; National Science Foundation (NSF) [0846504]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-07-1-0108, FA9550-09-1-0114] FX This work was supported by the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE), US Department of Energy. H. Wang's effort at Texas A&M University was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF 0846504) and Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-07-1-0108 and FA9550-09-1-0114). NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 469 IS 23-24 BP 2033 EP 2036 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2009.08.014 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533KZ UT WOS:000272823900005 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Specht, ED Cantoni, C Christen, DK Thompson, JR Sinclair, JW Goyal, A Zuev, YL Aytug, T Paranthaman, MP Chen, Y Selvamanickam, V AF Zhang, Y. Specht, E. D. Cantoni, C. Christen, D. K. Thompson, J. R. Sinclair, J. W. Goyal, A. Zuev, Y. L. Aytug, T. Paranthaman, M. P. Chen, Y. Selvamanickam, V. TI Magnetic field orientation dependence of flux pinning in (Gd,Y)Ba2Cu3O7-x coated conductor with tilted lattice and nanostructures SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Flux pinning; Coated conductor; Critical current density; Anisotropy; Extended nanoparticle defects ID INCLINED SUBSTRATE DEPOSITION; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA THIN-FILMS; CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; COLUMNAR DEFECTS; ANISOTROPY; OXIDE; SUPERCONDUCTOR AB The dependence of the critical current density (J(c)) on the orientation of an applied magnetic field was studied for a prototype (Gd,Y)Ba2Cu3O7-x (GdYBCO) coated conductor fabricated by MCCVD on an IBAD-MgO template. Additional rare-earth cations (Y and Gd) and Zr were incorporated into the superconducting film to form (Y,Gd)(2)O-3 and BaZrO3 nanoparticles extended nearly parallel to the a-b planes and to the c-axis, respectively, to enhance the flux pinning. In-field measurement of J(c) was carried out with electrical current flowing either along or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tape, while a maximum Lorentz force configuration was always maintained. Details in the angular dependence of J(c) were related to the unique structure of the film, specifically the tilt in the GdYBCO lattice and the tilts in the extended (Y,Gd)(2)O-3 and BaZrO3 nanoparticles. XRD and TEM were used to study the structure of the coated conductor. The effect of the misalignment between the external field H and the internal field B on the angular dependence of J(c) is discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Y.; Specht, E. D.; Cantoni, C.; Christen, D. K.; Thompson, J. R.; Goyal, A.; Zuev, Y. L.; Aytug, T.; Paranthaman, M. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Thompson, J. R.; Sinclair, J. W.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Chen, Y.; Selvamanickam, V.] SuperPower Inc, Schenectady, NY 12304 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM zhangyf@ornl.gov RI Sinclair, John/E-7692-2011; Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015; Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009; Cantoni, Claudia/G-3031-2013 OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531; Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163; Cantoni, Claudia/0000-0002-9731-2021 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Research sponsored by the US Department of Energy - Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, Superconductivity Program for Electric Power Systems under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 35 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 469 IS 23-24 BP 2044 EP 2051 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2009.08.007 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533KZ UT WOS:000272823900007 ER PT J AU Ortalan, V Herrera, M Rupich, MW Browning, ND AF Ortalan, V. Herrera, M. Rupich, M. W. Browning, N. D. TI Three dimensional analyses of flux pinning centers in Dy-doped YBa2Cu3O7-x coated superconductors by STEM tomography SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Coated superconductors; Flux pinning; Scanning transmission electron microscopy; Electron tomography ID ELECTRON TOMOGRAPHY; THIN-FILMS; TWIN BOUNDARIES; CRITICAL CURRENTS; PROCESSED YBCO; Z-CONTRAST; HTS WIRE; MOD YBCO; RESOLUTION; MICROSCOPY AB In order to enhance the superconductive properties of the high temperature superconductors, nanoparticles acting as pinning centers can be intentionally introduced into the structure by chemical doping. In this study, a Dy-doped YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) coated conductor, prepared by a metal organic decomposition process, was investigated to determine the size, composition and 3D distribution of the nanoparticles. It was found that the addition of Dy results in the formation of a high density of secondary phase nanoparticles of composition (YsDy1-s)(2)Cu2O5 with s similar to 0.6. A tomographic tilt series was acquired by using a scanning transmission electron microscope to analyze the interaction between the particles and the structural defects and to determine the 3D distribution of nanoparticles. For the investigated sample volume (0.06 mu m(3)), 71 particles were located with a particle size distribution ranging between 13 and 135 nm with an average size of similar to 30 nm. The distribution uniformity, position and the size of the particles are observed to be dependent on the interaction of the particles with the twin boundaries. It is observed that the larger particles are generally located on more than one twin boundary, moreover, the particle size is smaller on the twin boundaries shared by several particles. This suggests that the growth of the particles is determined by fast twin boundary diffusion and the formation of the large particles might be prevented by altering the temperature-time parameters of the production processing to enhance the flux pinning characteristic of the superconductors by achieving a more uniform size of flux pinning centers. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ortalan, V.; Herrera, M.; Browning, N. D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Rupich, M. W.] Amer Superconductor Corp, Westborough, MA 01581 USA. [Browning, N. D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Mat Earth & Life Sci Directorate, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ortalan, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM vortalan@ucdavis.edu OI Herrera Collado, Miriam/0000-0002-2325-5941; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X FU NSF [DMR-04557660]; European Union [MOIF-CF-2006-21423] FX This work was supported in part by NSF Grant No. DMR-04557660 and the European Union under contract MOIF-CF-2006-21423. NR 53 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 469 IS 23-24 BP 2052 EP 2059 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2009.08.012 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533KZ UT WOS:000272823900008 ER PT J AU Weinstein, R Parks, D Sawh, RP Mayes, B Gandini, A Goyal, A Chen, Y Selvamanickam, V AF Weinstein, R. Parks, D. Sawh, R. -P. Mayes, B. Gandini, A. Goyal, A. Chen, Y. Selvamanickam, V. TI Effects on J(c) of pinning center morphology for multiple-in-line-damage in coated conductor and bulk, melt-textured HTS SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Critical current density in coated conductor; Critical current density in bulk melt-textured YBCO; Discontinuities in columnar pinning; Pinning center morphology effects; Negative vs. positive pinning center effects; Coated conductor compared to melt-textured YBCO ID COLUMNAR DEFECTS; HEAVY-IONS; YBA2CU3O7 CRYSTALS; DEPENDENCE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; TEMPERATURE; BEHAVIOR; TRACKS; FIELDS AB The properties of discontinuous aligned pinning centers (PCs) created by high-energy heavy-ions are compared for bulk melt-textured and coated conductor HTS. Properties of PCs, which increase J(c) (pinning potential and entanglement), and negative properties which decrease J(c) (e.g., decreased T-c and percolation paths) are evaluated. Mechanisms are proposed to explain the very large increases in Jc resulting from multiple-in-line-damage (MILD) compared to continuous columnar pinning centers (CCPC). In particular, a mechanism which results in fluxoid entanglement, even for parallel (unsplayed) PCs, is discussed. The same mechanism is found to also account for restoration of much of the pinning potential expected to be lost due to the gaps in MILD PCs. It also accounts for the fact that at high fluence, J(c) increases as fluence is increased, instead of decreasing as expected. The very low self-field in coated conductor permits separation of the negative and positive effects of PCs. It is found that parameters developed to quantify the negative effects in bulk melt-textured YBCO, by 63 GeV U-238 ions, successfully describe damage to 2.1 mu m thick coated conductor by 1 GeV Ru-44 ions. Coated conductor at 77 K and self-field is generally known to have J(c) about 100 times that of melt-textured YBCO. However, at 77 K and applied field of 1 T, when both forms of HTS are processed with comparable numbers of near-optimum MILD PCs, the difference in Jc is reduced to a factor of 1.3-2. Whereas J(c) for melt-textured YBCO increased sharply, by a factor of up to 16.8 for high-fluence MILD PCs, J(c) in coated conductor increased by a smaller factor of 2.5-3.0. Nevertheless, 2.1 mu m thick coated conductor, with near-optimum MILD PCs, exhibits J(c) = 543 kA/cm(2) at 77 K and applied field of 1.0 T, and I-c = 114 A/cm-width of conductor. This is the highest value we find in the literature. The phenomenology developed indicates that for optimum MILD PCs in coated conductor, J(c) similar to 700 +/- 70 kA/cm(2) should be achievable at 77 K. 1.0 T. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Weinstein, R.; Parks, D.; Sawh, R. -P.; Mayes, B.; Gandini, A.] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Weinstein, R.; Parks, D.; Sawh, R. -P.; Mayes, B.; Gandini, A.; Selvamanickam, V.] Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Goyal, A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chen, Y.; Selvamanickam, V.] SuperPower Inc, Schenectady, NY 12304 USA. RP Weinstein, R (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Phys, 632 Sci & Res Bldg 1, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM Weinstein@uh.edu FU U.S. Army Research Office; Welch Foundation [E-1380]; State of Texas via the Texas Center for Superconductivity at UH; U.S. Department of Energy FX We thank the staffs of the GSI and ATLAS accelerators for providing very stable beams which made these experiments feasible. The Houston group acknowledges with thanks the support by the U.S. Army Research Office, the Welch Foundation under Grant E-1380, and the State of Texas via the Texas Center for Superconductivity at UH. This work was also partially supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Electricity Delivery and Reliability-Superconductivity Program. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 469 IS 23-24 BP 2068 EP 2076 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2009.08.015 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533KZ UT WOS:000272823900010 ER PT J AU Airila, MI Aho-Mantila, L Brezinsek, S Coad, JP Kirschner, A Likonen, J Matveev, D Rubel, M Strachan, JD Widdowson, A Wiesen, S AF Airila, M. I. Aho-Mantila, L. Brezinsek, S. Coad, J. P. Kirschner, A. Likonen, J. Matveev, D. Rubel, M. Strachan, J. D. Widdowson, A. Wiesen, S. CA JET EFDA Contributors TI ERO modelling of local deposition of injected C-13 tracer at the outer divertor of JET SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Plasma-Facing Materials and Components for Fusion Applications CY MAY, 2009 CL Julich, GERMANY ID SCRAPE-OFF LAYER; TRANSPORT; EROSION; CARBON AB The 2004 tracer experiment of JET with the injection of (CH4)-C-13 into H-mode plasma at the outer divertor has been modelled with the Monte Carlo impurity transport code ERO. EDGE2D solutions for inter-ELM and ELM-peak phases were used as plasma backgrounds. Local two-dimensional (2D) deposition patterns at the vertical outer divertor target plate were obtained for comparison with post-mortem surface analyses. ERO also provides emission profiles for comparison with radially resolved spectroscopic measurements. Modelling indicates that enhanced re-erosion of deposited carbon layers is essential in explaining the amount of local deposition. Assuming negligible effective sticking of hydrocarbons, the measured local deposition of 20-34% is reproduced if re-erosion of deposits is enhanced by a factor of 2.5-7 compared to graphite erosion. If deposits are treated like the substrate, the modelled deposition is 55%. Deposition measurements at the shadowed area around injectors can be well explained by assuming negligible re-erosion but similar sticking behaviour there as on plasma-wetted surfaces. C1 [Airila, M. I.; Likonen, J.] VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, Assoc Euratom Tekes, Espoo 02044, Finland. [Aho-Mantila, L.] TKK Helsinki Univ Technol, Assoc Euratom Tekes, Helsinki, Finland. [Brezinsek, S.; Kirschner, A.; Matveev, D.; Wiesen, S.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Assoc Euratom FZJ, Inst Energieforsch Plasmaphys, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Julich, Germany. [Rubel, M.] Royal Inst Technol, Assoc Euratom VR, Alfven Lab, Stockholm, Sweden. [Strachan, J. D.] Princeton Univ, PPPL, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [JET EFDA Contributors] JET EFDA, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RP Airila, MI (reprint author), VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, Assoc Euratom Tekes, POB 1000, Espoo 02044, Finland. EM markus.airila@vtt.fi RI Airila, Markus/F-6369-2011; Brezinsek, Sebastijan/B-2796-2017; OI Brezinsek, Sebastijan/0000-0002-7213-3326; Kirschner, Andreas/0000-0002-3213-3225 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL T138 AR 014021 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2009/T138/014021 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 538QN UT WOS:000273199200022 ER PT J AU Kolasinski, RD Shimada, M Buchenauer, DA Causey, RA Otsuka, T Clift, WM Shea, JM Allen, TR Calderoni, P Sharpe, JP AF Kolasinski, R. D. Shimada, M. Buchenauer, D. A. Causey, R. A. Otsuka, T. Clift, W. M. Shea, J. M. Allen, T. R. Calderoni, P. Sharpe, J. P. TI Characterization of surface morphology and retention in tungsten materials exposed to high fluxes of deuterium ions in the tritium plasma experiment SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Plasma-Facing Materials and Components for Fusion Applications CY MAY, 2009 CL Julich, GERMANY ID LOW-ENERGY; BLISTER FORMATION; FACING MATERIALS; HIGH FLUENCES; BEHAVIOR AB Under appropriate conditions, exposing tungsten to a high flux D plasma creates near-surface blisters and other changes in surface morphology. We have characterized the sizes of blisters formed at different temperatures (147 degrees C <= T(surface) <= 704 degrees C) and performed a surface analysis to elucidate factors that influence blister formation. Tungsten targets that were exposed to low energy (70 eV) D ions at a flux of 1.1 x 10(22) m(-2) s(-1) in the tritium plasma experiment (TPE) were considered. We used AES to analyze the surface for evidence of implanted impurities. Blister diameters and heights were quantified using SEM imagery and vertical scanning interferometry. Given the likelihood of D precipitation in blisters, we expect that the data obtained here could be incorporated into a computational model to better simulate the diffusion and desorption of D in W. With this in mind, we present an analysis of thermal desorption profiles showing the release of D from the surface. C1 [Kolasinski, R. D.; Buchenauer, D. A.; Causey, R. A.; Clift, W. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Hydrogen & Met Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Shimada, M.; Calderoni, P.; Sharpe, J. P.] Idaho Natl Lab, Fus Safety Program, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. [Otsuka, T.] Kyushu Univ, Interdisciplinary Grad Sch Engn Sci, Higashi Ku, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan. [Shea, J. M.; Allen, T. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Kolasinski, RD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Hydrogen & Met Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM rkolasi@sandia.gov OI Allen, Todd/0000-0002-2372-7259; Shimada, Masashi/0000-0002-1592-843X; Calderoni, Pattrick/0000-0002-2316-6404 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL T138 AR 014042 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2009/T138/014042 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 538QN UT WOS:000273199200043 ER PT J AU Pitts, RA Kukushkin, A Loarte, A Martin, A Merola, M Kessel, CE Komarov, V Shimada, M AF Pitts, R. A. Kukushkin, A. Loarte, A. Martin, A. Merola, M. Kessel, C. E. Komarov, V. Shimada, M. TI Status and physics basis of the ITER divertor SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Plasma-Facing Materials and Components for Fusion Applications CY MAY, 2009 CL Julich, GERMANY ID OPERATION; EDGE AB The ITER divertor design is the culmination of years of physics and engineering effort, building confidence that this critical component will satisfy the requirements and meet the challenge of burning plasma operation. With 54 cassette assemblies, each weighing similar to 9 tonnes, nearly 3900 actively cooled high heat flux elements rated to steady-state surface power flux densities of 10 MW m(-2) and a total of similar to 60 000 carbon fibre composite monoblocks and similar to 260 000 tungsten monoblocks/flat tiles, the ITER divertor will be the largest and most advanced of its kind ever constructed. Both the ITER Design Review and subsequent follow-up activities have led to a number of modifications to the device, including the divertor design, significantly improving ITER's operational flexibility. This paper outlines the salient features of the final divertor design, with emphasis on the physics rationale that has defined the design choices and on the performance of the resulting configuration. C1 [Pitts, R. A.; Kukushkin, A.; Loarte, A.; Martin, A.; Merola, M.; Komarov, V.; Shimada, M.] ITER Org, F-13067 St Paul Les Durance, France. [Kessel, C. E.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Pitts, RA (reprint author), ITER Org, CS 90 046, F-13067 St Paul Les Durance, France. EM richard.pitts@iter.org NR 26 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 18 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL T138 AR 014001 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2009/T138/014001 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 538QN UT WOS:000273199200002 ER PT J AU Rudakov, DL Wong, CPC Litnovsky, A Wampler, WR Boedo, JA Brooks, NH Fenstermacher, ME Groth, M Hollmann, EM Jacob, W Krasheninnikov, SI Krieger, K Lasnier, CJ Leonard, AW McLean, AG Marot, M Moyer, RA Petrie, TW Philipps, V Smirnov, RD Stangeby, PC Watkins, JG West, WP Yu, JH AF Rudakov, D. L. Wong, C. P. C. Litnovsky, A. Wampler, W. R. Boedo, J. A. Brooks, N. H. Fenstermacher, M. E. Groth, M. Hollmann, E. M. Jacob, W. Krasheninnikov, S. I. Krieger, K. Lasnier, C. J. Leonard, A. W. McLean, A. G. Marot, M. Moyer, R. A. Petrie, T. W. Philipps, V. Smirnov, R. D. Stangeby, P. C. Watkins, J. G. West, W. P. Yu, J. H. TI Overview of the recent DiMES and MiMES experiments in DIII-D SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Plasma-Facing Materials and Components for Fusion Applications CY MAY, 2009 CL Julich, GERMANY ID MATERIALS EVALUATION SYSTEM; CARBON DUST; D DIVERTOR; D TOKAMAK; DETACHMENT; DEPOSITION; MIRRORS; EROSION; GAPS; ITER AB Divertor and midplane material evaluation systems (DiMES and MiMES) in the DIII-D tokamak are used to address a variety of plasma-material interaction (PMI) issues relevant to ITER. Among the topics studied are carbon erosion and re-deposition, hydrogenic retention in the gaps between plasma-facing components (PFCs), deterioration of diagnostic mirrors from carbon deposition and techniques to mitigate that deposition, and dynamics and transport of dust. An overview of the recent experimental results is presented. C1 [Rudakov, D. L.; Boedo, J. A.; Hollmann, E. M.; Moyer, R. A.; Smirnov, R. D.; Yu, J. H.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Wong, C. P. C.; Brooks, N. H.; Leonard, A. W.; Petrie, T. W.; West, W. P.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Litnovsky, A.; Philipps, V.] Forschungszentrum Julich, EURATOM Assoc, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Wampler, W. R.; Watkins, J. G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Fenstermacher, M. E.; Groth, M.; Lasnier, C. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Jacob, W.; Krasheninnikov, S. I.; Krieger, K.] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, EURATOM Assoc, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [McLean, A. G.; Stangeby, P. C.] Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, Toronto, ON M3H 5T6, Canada. [Marot, M.] Univ Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. RP Rudakov, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM rudakov@fusion.gat.com RI Smirnov, Roman/B-9916-2011; Groth, Mathias/G-2227-2013; Krieger, Karl/F-9762-2014; Marot, Laurent/A-5834-2008; OI Smirnov, Roman/0000-0002-9114-5330; Krieger, Karl/0000-0003-0427-8184; Marot, Laurent/0000-0002-1529-9362; Jacob, Wolfgang/0000-0003-3504-142X NR 22 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL T138 AR 014007 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2009/T138/014007 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 538QN UT WOS:000273199200008 ER PT J AU Wampler, WR Doerner, RP AF Wampler, W. R. Doerner, R. P. TI Deuterium retention in tungsten from exposure to plasma SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Plasma-Facing Materials and Components for Fusion Applications CY MAY, 2009 CL Julich, GERMANY ID HIGH FLUENCES; HIGH-FLUX; ION-BEAM; HYDROGEN; IRRADIATION; RELEASE; TANTALUM; METALS; DAMAGE AB Experiments are described which characterize retention of deuterium in tungsten resulting from exposure to plasma at fluences up to 10(22) Datoms cm(-2). The influence of displacement damage on deuterium retention is investigated for damage levels up to 0.6 displacements per atom (dpa) produced by 12MeV silicon ion irradiation. Near-surface retention associated with precipitation and blistering was seen in both damaged and undamaged material. Trapping at displacement damage was also observed. These experiments determined the number of traps produced versus dpa, and the rate at which they are filled during exposure to plasma. These results indicate that the increase in tritium inventory in the ITER divertor due to trapping at neutron damage should be relatively small due to the shallow depth of penetration of tritium to traps at lower temperatures (<200 degrees C) and the annealing of displacement damage at higher temperatures (>500 degrees C). C1 [Wampler, W. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Doerner, R. P.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Wampler, WR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM wrwampl@sandia.gov NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 EI 1402-4896 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL T138 AR 014037 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2009/T138/014037 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 538QN UT WOS:000273199200038 ER PT J AU Girit, C Bouchiat, V Naaman, O Zhang, YB Crommie, MF Zettl, A Siddiqi, I AF Girit, Caglar Bouchiat, Vincent Naaman, Ofer Zhang, Yuanbo Crommie, M. F. Zettl, A. Siddiqi, Irfan TI Current-phase relation in graphene and application to a superconducting quantum interference device SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Winterschool on Electronic Properties of Novel Materials CY MAR 14, 2009 CL Kirchberg, GERMANY SP Verein Forder Winterschulen, Verein Durchfuhr Int Wintersch Elect Properties Novel Mat ID JOSEPHSON-JUNCTIONS; SUSPENDED GRAPHENE AB Graphene exhibits unique electrical properties on account of its reduced dimensionality and neutrino-like "massless Dirac fermion" quasiparticle spectrum. When contacted with two superconducting electrodes, graphene can support Cooper pair transport, resulting in the well-known Josephson effect. The current-phase relation in a ballistic graphene Josephson junction is unique, and could provide a signature for the detection of ballistic Dirac fermions. This relation can be measured experimentally either directly via incorporation of graphene in an RF superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) or indirectly via a dc-SQUID. We calculate the [GRAPHICS] expected flux modulation of the switching current in the case of the dc-SQUID and compare the results to a previous experiment. Further experiments investigating the current-phase relation in graphene are promising for the observation of ballistic Dirac fermions. (C) 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Girit, Caglar; Zhang, Yuanbo; Crommie, M. F.; Zettl, A.; Siddiqi, Irfan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Girit, Caglar; Crommie, M. F.; Zettl, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bouchiat, Vincent] UJF, Inst Neel, CNRS, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. [Siddiqi, Irfan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Quantum Nanoelect Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zettl, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM azettl@berkeley.edu; irfan_siddiqi@berkeley.edu RI Girit, Caglar/D-4845-2014; Siddiqi, Irfan/E-5548-2015; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Girit, Caglar/0000-0001-8953-9261; Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-1-0774]; Miller Institute FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 and the Office of Naval Research under grant N00014-07-1-0774. Y. Z. acknowledges a postdoctoral fellowship and V. B. a visiting professor fellowship from the Miller Institute, UC Berkeley NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 21 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 EI 1521-3951 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 246 IS 11-12 SI SI BP 2568 EP 2571 DI 10.1002/pssb.200982331 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 534NJ UT WOS:000272904100037 ER PT J AU Colgan, J Griffin, DC Ballance, CP Pindzola, MS AF Colgan, J. Griffin, D. C. Ballance, C. P. Pindzola, M. S. TI Total cross sections for the double photoionization of Li from the ground and excited states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PHOTO-DOUBLE-IONIZATION; R-MATRIX; HELIUM; LITHIUM; EXCITATION; SINGLE AB Two nonperturbative approaches are used to calculate the total cross sections for the double photoionization of Li from its ground and first excited states. From the ground state, both the time-dependent close coupling and R matrix with pseudostate approaches find reasonable agreement with experimental data, and from the first excited state (where no measurements are available), the two approaches are also in reasonable agreement. C1 [Colgan, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Griffin, D. C.] Rollins Coll, Dept Phys, Winter Pk, FL 32789 USA. [Ballance, C. P.; Pindzola, M. S.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Colgan, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858 FU DOE; NSF FX The Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC5206NA25396. A portion of this work was performed through DOE grants to Rollins College and DOE and NSF grants to Auburn University. The computational work was carried out at the National Center for Computational Sciences in Oak Ridge, TN and the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center in Oakland, CA. NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 063414 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.80.063414 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 539DN UT WOS:000273233800113 ER PT J AU Harris, AL Peacher, JL Madison, DH Colgan, J AF Harris, A. L. Peacher, J. L. Madison, D. H. Colgan, J. TI Four-body model for transfer excitation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; TRANSFER IONIZATION PROCESS; MOMENTUM WAVE-FUNCTION; GROUND-STATE HE; ELECTRON-CAPTURE; CHARGE-EXCHANGE; HELIUM; IMPACT; ATOMS; COLLISIONS AB We present here a four-body model for transfer-excitation collisions, which we call the four-body transfer-excitation (4BTE) model. Each two-body interaction is explicitly included in the 4BTE model, allowing us to study the effects of individual two-body interactions. We apply our model to fully differential cross sections for proton+helium collisions, and study the effect of the incident projectile-atom interaction, the scattered projectile-ion interaction, the projectile-nuclear interaction, and electron correlation within the target atom. C1 [Harris, A. L.; Peacher, J. L.; Madison, D. H.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. [Colgan, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Harris, AL (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. OI Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858 FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0757749]; Texas Advanced Computing Center [TG-MCA07S029]; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC5206NA25396] FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant No. PHY-0757749) and TeraGrid resources provided by the Texas Advanced Computing Center (Grant No. TG-MCA07S029). The Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC5206NA25396. We would also like to thank Roberto Rivarola, Michael Schulz, and Tom Kirchner for helpful discussions. NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 062707 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.80.062707 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 539DN UT WOS:000273233800083 ER PT J AU Tao, L Vanroose, W Reps, B Rescigno, TN McCurdy, CW AF Tao, Liang Vanroose, W. Reps, B. Rescigno, T. N. McCurdy, C. W. TI Long-time solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation for an atom in an electromagnetic field using complex coordinate contours SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID INTENSE; BREAKUP; SCATTERING; OPERATORS; ENERGIES; DYNAMICS; SYSTEM; WIDTHS; WAVES AB We demonstrate that exterior complex scaling (ECS) can be used to impose outgoing wave boundary conditions exactly on solutions of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation for atoms in intense electromagnetic pulses using finite grid methods. The procedure is formally exact when applied in the appropriate gauge and is demonstrated in a calculation of high-harmonic generation in which multiphoton resonances are seen for long pulse durations. However, we also demonstrate that while the application of ECS in this way is formally exact, numerical error can appear for long-time propagations that can only be controlled by extending the finite grid. A mathematical analysis of the origins of that numerical error, illustrated with an analytically solvable model, is also given. C1 [Tao, Liang; Rescigno, T. N.; McCurdy, C. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Chem Sci & Ultrafast Xray Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vanroose, W.; Reps, B.] Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [McCurdy, C. W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [McCurdy, C. W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Tao, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Chem Sci & Ultrafast Xray Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Vanroose, Wim/J-4292-2013 OI Vanroose, Wim/0000-0001-8349-1391 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [PHY-0604628]; Universiteit Antwerpen Starting Grant; FWO-Flanders [G.0174.08] FX Work at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the University of California Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and was supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences. C. W. M. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (Grant No. PHY-0604628). W. V. is supported by Universiteit Antwerpen Starting Grant and acknowledges support from FWO-Flanders (Grant No. G.0174.08). NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 063419 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.80.063419 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 539DN UT WOS:000273233800118 ER PT J AU Vine, DJ Williams, GJ Abbey, B Pfeifer, MA Clark, JN de Jonge, MD McNulty, I Peele, AG Nugent, KA AF Vine, D. J. Williams, G. J. Abbey, B. Pfeifer, M. A. Clark, J. N. de Jonge, M. D. McNulty, I. Peele, A. G. Nugent, K. A. TI Ptychographic Fresnel coherent diffractive imaging SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PHASE RETRIEVAL ALGORITHM; MICROSCOPY; ILLUMINATION; OBJECTS AB This paper reports improved reconstruction of complex wave fields from extended objects. The combination of ptychography with Fresnel diffractive imaging results in better reconstructions with fewer iterations required to convergence than either method considered separately. The method is applied to retrieve the projected thickness of a gold microstructure and comparative results using ptychography and Fresnel diffractive imaging are presented. C1 [Vine, D. J.; Williams, G. J.; Abbey, B.; Nugent, K. A.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Abbey, B.] Univ Oxford, Dept Engn & Sci, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Pfeifer, M. A.; Clark, J. N.; Peele, A. G.] La Trobe Univ, Dept Phys, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia. [de Jonge, M. D.] Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. [McNulty, I.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL USA. RP Vine, DJ (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. EM dvine@unimelb.edu.au RI Pfeifer, Mark/C-4132-2011; de Jonge, Martin/C-3400-2011; Williams, Garth/H-1606-2012; Nugent, Keith/J-2699-2012; Abbey, Brian/D-3274-2011; Nugent, Keith/I-4154-2016 OI Nugent, Keith/0000-0003-1522-8991; Abbey, Brian/0000-0001-6504-0503; Nugent, Keith/0000-0002-4281-3478 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 24 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 063823 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.80.063823 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 539DN UT WOS:000273233800174 ER PT J AU Barabash, SV Chepulskii, RV Blum, V Zunger, A AF Barabash, Sergey V. Chepulskii, Roman V. Blum, Volker Zunger, Alex TI First-principles determination of low-temperature order and ground states of Fe-Ni, Fe-Pd, and Fe-Pt SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE density functional theory; ground states; iron alloys; magnetic moments; magnetic structure; nickel alloys; palladium alloys; platinum alloys ID L1(0)-DISORDER PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; TRANSITION-METAL; CHEMICAL ORDER; ALLOY SYSTEMS; DIAGRAM; IRON; INSTABILITIES; TETRATAENITE; SIMULATIONS AB While the binary Fe-X (X=Ni,Pd,Pt) alloys are among the most widely applied bimetallics, open questions remain regarding whether and which of their compounds are stable at low T. Based on density-functional theory and first-principles cluster expansions that are "filtered" against structural and magnetic bistabilities, we assess all three systems. We (i) review the stability of the known phases; (ii) predict phases unstable with respect to bcc-fcc mixtures but stable if restricted to fcc; and, (iii) remarkably, predict previously unknown stable phases. This pinpoints where more definitive low-T experiments should find new stable compounds. C1 [Barabash, Sergey V.; Chepulskii, Roman V.; Blum, Volker; Zunger, Alex] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Barabash, SV (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; Blum, Volker/J-6591-2012 OI Blum, Volker/0000-0001-8660-7230 FU DOE, Office of Science [DE-AC3699GO10337] FX This work was supported under NREL Contract No. DE-AC3699GO10337 by DOE, Office of Science. We thank M. Mehl and A. Ardell for fruitful discussions. NR 52 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 36 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 22 AR 220201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.220201 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BN UT WOS:000273228500005 ER PT J AU Berbil-Bautista, L Krause, S Bode, M Badia-Majos, A de la Fuente, C Wiesendanger, R Arnaudas, JI AF Berbil-Bautista, Luis Krause, Stefan Bode, Matthias Badia-Majos, Antonio de la Fuente, Cesar Wiesendanger, Roland Ignacio Arnaudas, Jose TI Nanoscale spin structures dominated by magnetoelastic interactions around dislocation cores as seen via spin-polarized STM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE dysprosium; edge dislocations; exchange interactions (electron); magnetic anisotropy; magnetic structure; magnetic thin films; magnetoelastic effects; metallic thin films; micromagnetics; scanning tunnelling microscopy; screw dislocations; storage media ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; FERROMAGNETS; DEFECTS; DYSPROSIUM AB We report on studies of spin structures that appear around screw and edge dislocations in Dy (0001) films grown on W (110) substrates. By means of spin-polarized scanning-tunneling microscopy, we have observed the formation of vortexlike and lobe-shaped magnetic structures. We have studied the effect of fundamental dislocations in micromagnetic simulations by including the magnetoelastic interactions in addition to the usually considered energy terms which arise from the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the exchange energies. Starting from actual physical parameter values for Dy, our calculations are in qualitative and quantitative agreement with the size and the shape of the spin structures experimentally observed. C1 [Berbil-Bautista, Luis] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Krause, Stefan; Wiesendanger, Roland] Univ Hamburg, Inst Appl Phys, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. [Bode, Matthias] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Badia-Majos, Antonio; de la Fuente, Cesar; Ignacio Arnaudas, Jose] Univ Zaragoza, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, Zaragoza 50071, Spain. [Badia-Majos, Antonio; de la Fuente, Cesar] Univ Zaragoza, Inst Ciencia Mat Aragon, Zaragoza 50071, Spain. [Badia-Majos, Antonio; de la Fuente, Cesar] CSIC, Zaragoza 50071, Spain. [Ignacio Arnaudas, Jose] Univ Zaragoza, Inst Nanociencia Aragon, Zaragoza 50071, Spain. RP Berbil-Bautista, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Krause, Stefan/C-8491-2009; Arnaudas, Jose/B-4702-2008; Wiesendanger, Roland/P-9726-2016; Bode, Matthias/S-3249-2016; OI Arnaudas, Jose/0000-0002-2624-6004; Wiesendanger, Roland/0000-0002-0472-4183; Bode, Matthias/0000-0001-7514-5560; /0000-0002-8753-2397 FU DFG [SFB 668, BO1468/17-1]; Spanish MCyT [NAN2004-09183-C10-10]; MEC [MTM2006-10531]; DGA [E81, PI049/08]; DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Financial support from the DFG (SFB 668 and grant BO1468/17-1), the ERC Advanced Grant " FURORE," the Spanish MCyT Project No. NAN2004-09183-C10-10, the MEC Project No. MTM2006-10531, the DGA Grants No. E81 and No. PI049/08, and the DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 is gratefully acknowledged. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 241408 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.241408 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200035 ER PT J AU Da Silva, JLF Walsh, A Wei, SH AF Da Silva, Juarez L. F. Walsh, Aron Wei, Su-Huai TI Theoretical investigation of atomic and electronic structures of Ga2O3(ZnO)(6) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE ab initio calculations; absorption coefficients; crystal structure; density functional theory; electronic density of states; energy gap; field effect transistors; gallium compounds; photovoltaic cells; thin film transistors; transmission electron microscopy; twin boundaries; wide band gap semiconductors ID TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDES; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; HOMOLOGOUS COMPOUNDS; PHASE-RELATIONSHIPS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; THIN-FILMS; SYSTEM; SEMICONDUCTORS AB Transparent conducting oxides (TCO) are widely used in technological applications ranging from photovoltaics to thin-film transparent field-effect transistors. In this work we report a first-principles investigation, based on density-functional theory, of the atomic and electronic properties of Ga2O3(ZnO)(6) (GZO(6)), which is a promising candidate to be used as host oxide for wide band gap TCO applications. We identify a low-energy configuration for the coherent distribution of the Ga and Zn atoms in the cation positions within the experimentally reported orthorhombic GZO(6) structure. Four Ga atoms are located in four-fold sites, while the remaining 12 Ga atoms in the unit cell form four shared Ga agglomerates (a motif of four atoms). The Zn atoms are distributed in the remaining cation sites with effective coordination numbers from 3.90 to 4.50. Furthermore, we identify the natural formation of twin-boundaries in GZO(6), which can explain the zigzag modulations observed experimentally by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy in GZO(n) (n=9). Due to the intrinsic twin-boundary formation, polarity inversion in the ZnO tetrahedrons is present which is facilitated by the formation of the Ga agglomerates. Our analysis shows that the formation of fourfold Ga sites and Ga agglomerates are stabilized by the electronic octet rule, while the distribution of Ga atoms and the formation of the twin-boundary help alleviate excess strain. Finally we identify that the electronic properties of GZO(6) are essentially determined by the electronic properties of ZnO, i.e., there are slight changes in the band gap and optical absorption properties. C1 [Da Silva, Juarez L. F.; Wei, Su-Huai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Da Silva, Juarez L. F.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Walsh, Aron] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England. RP Da Silva, JLF (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Walsh, Aron/A-7843-2008; Da Silva, Juarez L. F./D-1779-2011; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016 OI Walsh, Aron/0000-0001-5460-7033; Da Silva, Juarez L. F./0000-0003-0645-8760; NR 83 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 44 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214118 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214118 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200039 ER PT J AU Dinca, SA Schiff, EA Egaas, B Noufi, R Young, DL Shafarman, WN AF Dinca, S. A. Schiff, E. A. Egaas, B. Noufi, R. Young, D. L. Shafarman, W. N. TI Hole drift mobility measurements in polycrystalline CuIn1-xGaxSe2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE cadmium compounds; copper compounds; electric admittance; gallium compounds; hole mobility; indium compounds; photoconductivity; semiconductor thin films; solar cells; ternary semiconductors ID HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; CUINSE2 SINGLE-CRYSTALS; FILM SOLAR-CELLS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT; THIN-FILMS; ADMITTANCE MEASUREMENTS; CUGASE2; ABSORPTION AB We present temperature-dependent hole drift mobility measurements on polycrystalline CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) thin films incorporated into solar-cell structures. The drift mobilities were determined from photocarrier time-of-flight measurements in a depletion region at the top interface with cadmium sulfide. 12 cells, originating in two laboratories, were examined. The drift mobilities ranged from 0.02 to 0.7 cm(2)/Vs at room temperature and were weakly temperature dependent in the range of 100-300 K. These drift mobilities are at the low end of the range of hole mobilities reported from previous Hall effect and admittance measurements for varying CIGS materials. We found approximately a square-root correlation between the width of the depletion layer in our samples and the magnitude of the drift mobility. Both the magnitude and the temperature dependence of the drift mobility are consistent with results in amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon that have been modeled using a disorder-induced transport edge. The source of nanometer-scale disorder in these CIGS materials is not noncrystallinity; chemical composition fluctuations are one alternative source of disorder. The correlation of the depletion-width and drift mobility measurements in CIGS may be evidence for a broader effect of disorder in these materials in both reducing the carrier drift mobility and generating acceptor defects near the valence bandedge. Hole drift mobilities are sensitive to disorder-induced traps near the valence bandedge. Our temperature-dependence measurements indicate that the width of the corresponding valence bandtail is less than 20 meV. Previous optical-absorption spectroscopy showed that Urbach tails in similar CIGS samples are generally 20 meV or wider, which indicates that the valence bandtail does not typically determine the Urbach tails. C1 [Dinca, S. A.; Schiff, E. A.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Egaas, B.; Noufi, R.; Young, D. L.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Shafarman, W. N.] Univ Delaware, Inst Energy Convers, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Dinca, SA (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. OI Schiff, Eric/0000-0002-4104-7038 FU National Renewable Energy Laboratory [NDJ-2-30630-24, XAT-4-33624-01] FX This research was supported by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory under Contracts No. NDJ-2-30630-24 (Syracuse University) and No. XAT-4-33624-01 (University of Delaware). We thank David Cohen (University of Oregon) for several discussions. NR 78 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 35 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 23 AR 235201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.235201 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BQ UT WOS:000273228800054 ER PT J AU Fan, W Huang, S Cao, J Ertekin, E Barrett, C Khanal, DR Grossman, JC Wu, J AF Fan, W. Huang, S. Cao, J. Ertekin, E. Barrett, C. Khanal, D. R. Grossman, J. C. Wu, J. TI Superelastic metal-insulator phase transition in single-crystal VO2 nanobeams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE atomic force microscopy; beams (structures); elasticity; free energy; metal-insulator transition; nanostructured materials; solid-state phase transformations; vanadium compounds ID VANADIUM DIOXIDE; ORGANIZATION; NANOWIRES; DOMAINS AB We investigated external-stress-induced metal-insulator phase transitions in cantilevered single-crystal VO2 nanobeams at variable temperatures using a combined theoretical and experimental approach. An atomic force microscope was used to measure the force-displacement curve of the nanobeams, which showed nonlinearity that signifies activation and expansion of domains of a new phase out of the old one. Superelasticity of the VO2 nanobeam and supersaturation of the phase transition were clearly observed and quantified within the general theory of first-order phase transitions. Phase field modeling was employed to understand the energetics of the domain formation. C1 [Fan, W.; Huang, S.; Cao, J.; Barrett, C.; Khanal, D. R.; Wu, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fan, W.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Thermal Sci & Energy Engn, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Cao, J.; Barrett, C.; Khanal, D. R.; Wu, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ertekin, E.; Wu, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Nanosci & Nanoengn Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ertekin, E.; Grossman, J. C.] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Wu, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wuj@berkeley.edu RI Cao, Jinbo/C-7537-2009; Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; Ertekin, Elif/D-6764-2013 OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; FU National Science Foundation [EEC-0425914]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Focus Center Research Program on Materials, Structures, and Devices (FCRP/MSD) FX The sample preparation in this work was supported by National Science Foundation under Grant No. EEC-0425914 and the device fabrication and characterization by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. J.C.G. and E. E. acknowledge funding by the Focus Center Research Program on Materials, Structures, and Devices (FCRP/MSD). NR 21 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 241105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.241105 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200005 ER PT J AU Glatz, A Beloborodov, IS AF Glatz, Andreas Beloborodov, I. S. TI Thermoelectric performance of granular semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE grain size; granular materials; nanostructured materials; semiconductor doping; semiconductor materials; thermoelectric power ID DISORDERED SEMICONDUCTORS; SYSTEMS; DEVICES; POWER AB We study the effects of doping and confinement on the thermoelectric properties of nanocrystalline semiconductors. We calculate the thermopower and figure of merit for temperatures less than the charging energy. For weakly coupled semiconducting grains it is shown that the figure of merit is optimized for grain sizes of order 5 nm for typical materials, and that its value can be larger than one. Using the similarities between granular semiconductors and electron or Coulomb glasses allows for a quantitative description of inhomogeneous semiconducting thermoelectrics. C1 [Glatz, Andreas] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Beloborodov, I. S.] Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Phys & Astron, Northridge, CA 91330 USA. RP Glatz, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX A. G. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under the Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 245440 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.245440 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200144 ER PT J AU Goodrich, RG Young, DP Harrison, N Capan, C Fisk, Z AF Goodrich, R. G. Young, D. P. Harrison, N. Capan, C. Fisk, Z. TI Fermi surfaces changes in La1-xSmxB6 and Ce1-xCaxB6 studied using the de Haas-van Alphen effect and magnetic susceptibility SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE calcium compounds; carrier mean free path; cerium compounds; conduction bands; de Haas-van Alphen effect; doping; effective mass; Fermi surface; lanthanum compounds; magnetic susceptibility; magnetic transitions; magnetisation; samarium compounds ID PHASE-IV; CEXLA1-XB6; FIELDS; LAB6; CEB6 AB We have made measurements of the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect and the magnetic susceptibility of La1-xSmxB6 for x=0, 0.05, and 0.10 and Ce1-xCaxB6 for x=0 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05 in order to see changes in the Fermi surface (FS) volume with doping using lower valence substitutions for La and Ce. The FS volume decrease in La1-xSmxB6 is found to be directly proportional to the decrease in the number of electrons contributing to the boron-based conduction band by the decrease in valence of the divalent element. Two overlapping pieces of FS in the same portion of the Brillouin zone are seen to decrease in volume to the extent that they no longer overlap. In the case of Ce1-xCaxB6 the combination of increased disorder decreasing the mean-free path due to doping and heavy effective masses results in the damping of the dHvA oscillations and no signals are observed above x=0.05. Due to the mixed valence of the Ce atoms the volume decrease is not proportional to the percent valence change. Additional magnetic-susceptibility and magnetization measurements show the changing magnetic phase diagram in Ce1-xCaxB6. In the antiferroquadrapolar state of all of the Ce1-xCaxB6 samples the near-zero applied field magnetization is seen to increase with decreasing temperature terminating in a transition to the antiferromagnetic state. C1 [Goodrich, R. G.; Young, D. P.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Harrison, N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Capan, C.; Fisk, Z.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Goodrich, RG (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA. OI Harrison, Neil/0000-0001-5456-7756 FU National Science Foundation; State of Florida; NSF [DMR-0503361, DMR-0449022] FX The work at the NHMFL was performed under the auspices of the National Science Foundation and the State of Florida. R.G.G. was supported directly by the NSF while Z.F. acknowledges Grant No. NSF-DMR-0503361 and D.P.Y. acknowledges Grant No. NSF-DMR-0449022. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 23 AR 233101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.233101 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BQ UT WOS:000273228800001 ER PT J AU Graf, D Stillwell, R Murphy, TP Park, JH Kano, M Palm, EC Schlottmann, P Bourg, J Collar, KN Cooley, JC Lashley, JC Willit, J Tozer, SW AF Graf, D. Stillwell, R. Murphy, T. P. Park, J. -H. Kano, M. Palm, E. C. Schlottmann, P. Bourg, J. Collar, K. N. Cooley, J. C. Lashley, J. C. Willit, J. Tozer, S. W. TI Fermi surface of alpha-uranium at ambient pressure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE charge density waves; de Haas-van Alphen effect; effective mass; Fermi surface; high-pressure effects; uranium ID CHARGE-DENSITY-WAVE; PHASE-TRANSITION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB We have performed de Haas-van Alphen measurements of the Fermi surface of alpha-uranium single crystals at ambient pressure within the alpha(3) charge-density wave (CDW) state from 0.020-10 K and magnetic fields to 35 T using torque magnetometry. The angular dependence of the resulting frequencies and the effective masses were measured. The observation of quantum oscillations within the alpha(3) CDW state gives insight into the effect of the charge-density waves on the Fermi surface. We observed no signature of superconductivity in either transport or magnetization down to 0.020 K at ambient pressure. C1 [Graf, D.; Stillwell, R.; Murphy, T. P.; Park, J. -H.; Kano, M.; Palm, E. C.; Tozer, S. W.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Schlottmann, P.; Bourg, J.; Collar, K. N.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Cooley, J. C.; Lashley, J. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Willit, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Graf, D (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RI Cooley, Jason/E-4163-2013; Schlottmann, Pedro/G-1579-2013 FU DOE/NNSA [DE-FG52-06NA26193]; NSF [DMR-0654118]; DOE [DE-FG02-98ER45707] FX The authors would like to thank Jim Schirber and Jim Smith for useful discussions and historical notes and Vaughn Williams and Robert Schwartz for technical support. Support for this work was provided by the DOE/NNSA under Grant No. DE-FG52-06NA26193. This work was performed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory which is supported by NSF Cooperative Agreement No. DMR-0654118 and by the State of Florida. P. S. is supported by the DOE under Grant No. DE-FG02-98ER45707. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 241101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.241101 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200001 ER PT J AU Gu, RY Antropov, VP AF Gu, R. Y. Antropov, V. P. TI Quantum spin effects and magnetic short-range order above the Curie temperature SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE Curie temperature; ferromagnetic materials; Green's function methods; Heisenberg model; iron; short-range order; spin dynamics; spin waves ID GREEN-FUNCTION THEORY; 2-DIMENSIONAL HEISENBERG-MODEL; LOCAL-BAND THEORY; ITINERANT FERROMAGNETISM; BCC IRON; DYNAMICS; EXCITATIONS; PHASE; ANTIFERROMAGNET; DEPENDENCE AB Using the quantum Heisenberg model calculations with the Green's function technique generalized for arbitrary spins, we found that for a system of small spins, the quantum spin effects induce the additional magnetic short-range order and strongly affect physical properties of magnets. For instance, the spin waves in the present consideration can appear as a result of short-range spin fluctuations and do not require long-range magnetic order. Our spin dynamics investigation even indicates that these quantum spin effects favor the persistence of propagating spin-wave-like excitations above the Curie temperature. These model studies are relevant to itinerant magnets and suggest the increasing influence of quantum spin effects on the magnetic short-range order with a decrease in quantum spin value. The modified expression for the Curie temperature in ferromagnets is obtained. C1 [Gu, R. Y.; Antropov, V. P.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Gu, RY (reprint author), Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. FU Department of Energy-Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX V.A. is thankful to Sergei Antropov for useful comments. Work at the Ames Laboratory was supported by Department of Energy-Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214405 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200050 ER PT J AU Gupta, M Gupta, RP Singh, DJ AF Gupta, Michele Gupta, Raju P. Singh, D. J. TI (MnH9)(2-) salts with high hydrogen contents and unusual bonding: Density functional calculations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE barium compounds; bonds (chemical); crystal structure; density functional theory; hydrogen storage; potassium compounds; rhenium compounds; thermodynamic properties ID POTASSIUM RHENIUM HYDRIDE; AB-INITIO; TRANSITION-METALS; STORAGE MATERIALS; DIFFRACTION; K2REH9; TI AB The compounds BaReH9 and K2ReH9 are the prototypical members of a family of hydrides described as salts of (ReH9)(2-) anions. The structures reflect highly unusual chemistry with short H-H distances and at the same time very high ninefold coordination of Re by hydrogen atoms. This is of interest because of the resulting high hydrogen-to-metal ratios, 4.5 in BaReH9 and 3 in K2ReH9. Here we use density functional calculations to investigate possible new members of this family including both Re and Mn compounds. We find that although SrReH9 and CaReH9 have not been synthesized these are very likely to be stable compounds that may be prepared in a similar manner as the Ba analog. We also find that the manganese counterparts, including K2MnH9, are also likely to be stable and have thermodynamic properties consistent with requirements for hydrogen storage. C1 [Gupta, Michele] Univ Paris 11, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Gupta, Raju P.] Ctr Etud Nucl Saclay, Serv Rech Met Phys, F-91190 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Singh, D. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37881 USA. RP Gupta, M (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, Batiment 415, F-91405 Orsay, France. FU DOE, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering FX We are grateful to IDRIS (Institut du Developpement et de Ressources en Informatique) for providing us the computational facilities for this work. Work at ORNL is supported by DOE, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. D.J.S. is grateful for the hospitality of the Universite de Paris-Sud, where a portion of this work was done. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 23 AR 235103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.235103 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BQ UT WOS:000273228800024 ER PT J AU Harrison, N Sebastian, SE AF Harrison, N. Sebastian, S. E. TI Dirac nodal pockets in the antiferromagnetic parent phase of FeAs superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE antiferromagnetic materials; effective mass; Fermi surface; fermion systems; graphene; high-temperature superconductors; iron compounds; localised states; spin density waves; strontium compounds ID GRAPHENE AB We show that previously measured small Fermi-surface pockets within the antiferromagnetic phase of SrFe(2)As(2) and BaFe(2)As(2) are consistent with a Dirac dispersion modulated by interlayer hopping, giving rise to a Dirac point in k space and a cusp in the magnetic field angle-dependent magnetic quantum oscillation frequencies. These findings support the existence of a nodal spin-density wave in these materials, which could play an important role in protecting the metallic state against localization effects. We show that further angle-dependent measurements of the cyclotron effective mass and quantum oscillation amplitude can potentially be used to explore the properties of the quasiparticles close to the Dirac point. The speed of the Dirac fermions in SrFe(2)As(2) and BaFe(2)As(2) is found to be 14-20 times slower than in graphene, suggesting that the pnictides provide a laboratory for exploring quantized Dirac fermions with a much smaller energy scale, making them more likely to be affected by interactions. C1 [Harrison, N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Sebastian, S. E.] Univ Cambridge, Cavevdish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. RP Harrison, N (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Harrison, Neil/0000-0001-5456-7756 FU U. S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation; State of Florida through the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Trinity College (University of Cambridge); Royal Society FX This work is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, the National Science Foundation, and the State of Florida through the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Trinity College (University of Cambridge), and the Royal Society. We acknowledge helpful discussions with M. Johannes. NR 14 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 22 AR 224512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.224512 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BN UT WOS:000273228500086 ER PT J AU He, C Eisenberg, S Jan, C Zheng, H Mitchell, JF Leighton, C AF He, C. Eisenberg, S. Jan, C. Zheng, H. Mitchell, J. F. Leighton, C. TI Heat capacity study of magnetoelectronic phase separation in La1-xSrxCoO3 single crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE Debye temperature; doping; electron correlations; electronic structure; Hall effect; lanthanum compounds; metal-insulator transition; percolation; phase separation; specific heat; strongly correlated electron systems; strontium ID SPIN-STATE-TRANSITION; MAGNETIC ORDER; LACOO3; MANGANITES; TRANSPORT; INSULATOR; MAGNETORESISTANCE; LA0.5SR0.5COO3; LA1-XCAXCOO3; ITINERANT AB We present a detailed investigation of the specific heat (0.35 < T < 270 K) and ordinary Hall effect (300 K) in La1-xSrxCoO3 single crystals at 11 doping values in the range 0.00 < x < 0.30. The data reveal a considerable amount of information on the nature of the percolation transition, the crystal and electronic structures, and, most significantly, the magnetoelectronic phase inhomogeneity that has attracted such attention in this material. The observations include a discontinuity in Debye temperature accompanying the insulator-metal transition, direct evidence for the percolative nature of this transition, and a large electron mass enhancement in the metallic state, likely due to strong electron correlation effects. The various contributions to the heat capacity are shown to provide a detailed picture of the phase-separated state and its evolution with doping and are discussed in light of prior neutron-scattering and heat capacity data. This doping dependence provides strong evidence that the phase separation is restricted to a well-defined doping range, 0.04 < x < 0.22, in agreement with a recently proposed model. C1 [He, C.; Eisenberg, S.; Jan, C.; Leighton, C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Zheng, H.; Mitchell, J. F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Leighton, C (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM leighton@umn.edu FU DOE [DE-FG02-06ER46275]; NSF [DMR-0804432] FX Work at UMN was supported by DOE (Grant No. DE-FG02-06ER46275) (specifically the neutron-scattering data), NSF (Grant No. DMR-0804432) and used shared facilities from the NSF MRSEC. We would like to thank M. Hoch (National High Field Magnetic Laboratory) and S. El-Khatib (UMN and NIST) for useful discussions. NR 70 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214411 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214411 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200056 ER PT J AU Henager, C Morris, JR AF Henager, Chuck, Jr. Morris, James R. TI Atomistic simulation of CdTe solid-liquid coexistence equilibria SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE cadmium compounds; heat of fusion; II-VI semiconductors; interface structure; liquid semiconductors; liquid structure; melting; melting point; phase equilibrium; potential energy functions; short-range order ID INTERFACIAL FREE-ENERGY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; EPITAXIAL CRYSTAL-GROWTH; MELTING LINES; DEFECTS; TELLURIDES; CADMIUM; PHASES AB Atomistic simulations of CdTe using a Stillinger-Weber (SW) interatomic potential were undertaken to model the solid-liquid phase equilibria of this important compound semiconductor. Although this potential has been used by others to study liquid CdTe and vapor-liquid interface, it is based on fitting parameters optimized only for the zincblende solid. It has not been fully explored as a potential for solid-liquid phase equilibria until this work. This research reports an accurate determination of the melting temperature, T-M=1305 K near P=0, the heat of fusion at melting, and on the relative phase densities with a particular emphasis on the melting line. The SW potential for CdTe predicts a liquid with a density slightly less than that of the solid and, hence, the pressure-temperature melting line has a positive slope. The pair-correlation structure of the liquid is determined and favorably compared to neutron-scattering data and to ab initio simulations. The liquid-solid interface is discussed using density profiles and a short-range order parameter for models having principal orientations along << 100 >>, << 110 >>, and << 111 >> crystallographic directions. C1 [Henager, Chuck, Jr.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Morris, James R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Henager, C (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chuck.henager@pnl.gov RI Morris, J/I-4452-2012; OI Morris, J/0000-0002-8464-9047; Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803 FU Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation; Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development [NA-22]; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR- 22725]; UT-Battelle FX PNNL is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No. DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. This work was funded at PNNL by the Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation, Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development (NA-22). At ORNL this research has been sponsored by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR- 22725 with UT-Battelle. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 245309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.245309 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200088 ER PT J AU Hu, RW Bozin, ES Warren, JB Petrovic, C AF Hu, Rongwei Bozin, Emil S. Warren, J. B. Petrovic, C. TI Superconductivity, magnetism, and stoichiometry of single crystals of Fe1+y(Te1-xSx)(z) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE electrical resistivity; iron compounds; magnetic anisotropy; magnetic moments; magnetic superconductors; magnetic susceptibility; percolation; spin density waves; stoichiometry; tellurium compounds; vacancies (crystal) ID SPIN; PURITY; SYSTEM; PHASE; HEAT AB We report synthesis of high-quality Fe1+y(Te1-xSx)(z) single crystals and a comprehensive study of structural, magnetic, and transport properties. We demonstrate the very small upper critical field anisotropy of Fe1+y(Te1-xSx)(z), gamma(H)=H-c2(c)/H-c2(perpendicular to c). The value of gamma(H) reaches 1.05 at T=0.65T(C) for Fe1.12Te0.83S0.11 while still maintaining large values of upper critical field. There is high sensitivity to material stoichiometry which includes vacancies on the Te(S) site. Our results reveal competition and coexistence of magnetic order and percolative superconductivity for x >= 0.03 while zero resistivity is achieved for x >= 0.1. C1 [Hu, Rongwei; Bozin, Emil S.; Petrovic, C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Bozin, Emil S.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Warren, J. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hu, RW (reprint author), US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Bozin, Emil/E-4679-2011; Hu, Rongwei/E-7128-2012; Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009 OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881 FU U. S. Department of Energy by Brookhaven Science Associates [DE-Ac0298CH10886]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DEAC02-06CH11357]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U. S. Department of Energy FX We are grateful for helpful discussions with Paul Canfield, Sergey Bud'ko, Simon Billinge, and Myron Strongin. This work was carried out at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Brookhaven Science Associates (Grant No. DE-Ac0298CH10886). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DEAC02-06CH11357. This work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U. S. Department of Energy. NR 52 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214514 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214514 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200089 ER PT J AU Jozwiak, C Graf, J Zhou, SY Bostwick, A Rotenberg, E Zheng, H Mitchell, JF Lanzara, A AF Jozwiak, C. Graf, J. Zhou, S. Y. Bostwick, A. Rotenberg, Eli Zheng, H. Mitchell, J. F. Lanzara, A. TI Bilayer splitting and c-axis coupling in bilayer manganites showing colossal magnetoresistance SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE Brillouin zones; colossal magnetoresistance; doping; Fermi level; ferromagnetic materials; lanthanum compounds; magnetic thin films; photoemission; strontium compounds ID COMPTON-PROFILE MEASUREMENT; EQUAL-TO 0.50; LAYERED MANGANITE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; QUASI-PARTICLE; ORBITAL STATE; FERMI-SURFACE; LA2-2XSR1+2XMN2O7; OXIDES AB By performing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of the bilayer colossal magnetoresistive (CMR) manganite, La2-2xSr1+2xMn2O7, we provide the complete mapping of the Fermi-level spectral weight topology. Clear and unambiguous bilayer splitting of the in-plane 3d(x)(2)-y(2) band, mapped throughout the Brillouin zone, and the full mapping of the 3d(3z)(2)-r(2) band are reported. Peculiar doping and temperature dependencies of these bands imply that as transition from the ferromagnetic metallic phase approaches, either as a function of doping or temperature, coherence along the c-axis between planes within the bilayer is lost, resulting in reduced interplane coupling. These results suggest that interplane coupling plays a large role in the CMR transition. C1 [Jozwiak, C.; Zhou, S. Y.; Lanzara, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jozwiak, C.; Graf, J.; Zhou, S. Y.; Lanzara, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bostwick, A.; Rotenberg, Eli] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zheng, H.; Mitchell, J. F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jozwiak, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alanzara@lbl.gov RI Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009; Zhou, Shuyun/A-5750-2009; Bostwick, Aaron/E-8549-2010 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844; FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. DOE Office of Science-Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC0206CH11357] FX We would like to thank D.-H. Lee and E. Artacho for very useful discussions. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The ARPES work was performed at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Sample growth was performed at Argonne National Laboratory and is supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Science-Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science under Contract No. DE-AC0206CH11357. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 23 AR 235111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.235111 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BQ UT WOS:000273228800032 ER PT J AU Khajetoorians, AA Zhu, WG Kim, J Qin, SY Eisele, H Zhang, ZY Shih, CK AF Khajetoorians, Alexander Ako Zhu, Wenguang Kim, Jisun Qin, Shengyong Eisele, Holger Zhang, Zhenyu Shih, Chih-Kang TI Adsorbate-induced restructuring of Pb mesas grown on vicinal Si(111) in the quantum regime SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE ab initio calculations; adsorption; caesium alloys; density functional theory; lead alloys; nanostructured materials; nucleation; scanning electron microscopy; silicon ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; SURFACES; ALLOYS; ARRAYS; ENERGY; STATES; STEP; AG AB Using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the adsorption of a minute amount of Cs on a Pb mesa grown in the quantum regime can induce dramatic morphological changes in the mesa, characterized by the appearance of populous monatomic-layer-high Pb nanoislands on top of the mesa. The edges of the Pb nanoislands are decorated with Cs adatoms, and the nanoislands preferentially nucleate and grow on the quantum mechanically unstable regions of the mesa. Furthermore, first-principles calculations within density-functional theory show that the Pb atoms forming these nanoislands were expelled by the adsorbed Cs atoms via a kinetically accessible place-exchange process when the Cs atoms alloyed into the top layer of the Pb mesa. C1 [Khajetoorians, Alexander Ako; Kim, Jisun; Qin, Shengyong; Shih, Chih-Kang] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Zhu, Wenguang; Zhang, Zhenyu] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Zhu, Wenguang; Zhang, Zhenyu] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Eisele, Holger] Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Festkorperphys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. RP Khajetoorians, AA (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Inst Appl Phys, Hamburg, Germany. EM shih@physics.utexas.edu RI Kim, Jisun/A-8774-2014; Khajetoorians, Alexander/F-9698-2015; Zhu, Wenguang/F-4224-2011; Qin, Shengyong/A-7348-2012 OI Kim, Jisun/0000-0002-5810-1512; Zhu, Wenguang/0000-0003-0819-595X; FU NSF-FRG [DMR-0606485]; NSF-IGERT [DGE-0549417]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; DMSE Program; USDOE [DE-FG02-05ER46209]; Welch Foundation; Texas Advanced Research Program FX We thank Z. Q. Qiu at UC Berkeley and Y. Wu at Fudan University for fruitful discussions. This work was funded by NSF-FRG under Grant No. DMR-0606485, NSF-IGERT under Grant No. DGE-0549417, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and the DMSE Program, Grant No. DE-FG02-05ER46209 of USDOE, the Welch Foundation, and the Texas Advanced Research Program. The calculations were performed at NERSC of DOE. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 245426 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.245426 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200130 ER PT J AU Khan, M Gschneidner, KA Pecharsky, VK AF Khan, Mahmud Gschneidner, K. A., Jr. Pecharsky, V. K. TI Multiple magnetic ordering phenomena evaluated by heat capacity measurements in Er1-xTbxAl2 Laves-phase alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE aluminium alloys; erbium alloys; ferromagnetic materials; magnetic transitions; magnetocaloric effects; magnetoelastic effects; specific heat; terbium alloys ID QUADRUPOLAR; TRANSITIONS; ALUMINUM AB Heat capacity measurements in zero and applied magnetic fields have been performed on a series of Er1-xTbxAl2 pseudobinary Laves-phase alloys. Different anomalies that change with Tb concentrations have been observed. These anomalies represent multiple magnetic ordering phenomena, similar to those reported in Er1-xPrx and Er1-xDyxAl2 alloys. In common, all alloys contain mixtures of lanthanide metals with opposite signs of the second-order Steven's operators, which were believed to cause competition between the magnetoelastic, crystalline electric field, and quadrupolar effects. This competition gives rise to the observed multiple magnetic ordering transitions in Er1-xPrx and Er1-xDyxAl2 alloys. Tb and Er also have opposite signs of second-order Steven's factors, and therefore the observed anomalies in the Er1-xTbxAl2 alloys may also be interpreted in terms of competing quadrupolar, magnetoelastic, and crystalline electric field effects. The magnetocaloric properties of the Er1-xTbxAl2 alloy system have also been evaluated. C1 [Khan, Mahmud; Gschneidner, K. A., Jr.; Pecharsky, V. K.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Gschneidner, K. A., Jr.; Pecharsky, V. K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Khan, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University of Science and Technology [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Science; U.S. DOE FX The Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University of Science and Technology under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. This work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the Office of Science of the U.S. DOE. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 22 AR 224408 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.224408 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BN UT WOS:000273228500054 ER PT J AU Kim, TH Jin, R Walker, LR Howe, JY Pan, MH Wendelken, JF Thompson, JR Sefat, AS McGuire, MA Sales, BC Mandrus, D Li, AP AF Kim, T-H Jin, R. Walker, L. R. Howe, J. Y. Pan, M. H. Wendelken, J. F. Thompson, J. R. Sefat, A. S. McGuire, M. A. Sales, B. C. Mandrus, D. Li, A. P. TI Probing microscopic variations of superconductivity on the surface of Ba(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2 single crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE barium compounds; cobalt compounds; high-temperature superconductors; iron compounds; scanning electron microscopy; scanning tunnelling microscopy; superconducting transition temperature; surface composition; surface conductivity; X-ray chemical analysis ID CRITICAL CURRENTS AB The spatially resolved electrical transport properties have been studied on the surface of optimally doped superconducting Ba(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2 single crystal by using a four-probe scanning tunneling microscopy. While some nonuniform contrast appears near the edge of the cleaved crystal, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals mostly uniform contrast. For the regions that showed uniform SEM contrast, a sharp superconducting transition at T-C=22.1 K has been observed with a transition width Delta T-C=0.2 K. In the nonuniform contrast region, T-C is found to vary between 19.6 and 22.2 K with Delta T-C from 0.3 to 3.2 K. The wavelength dispersive x-ray spectroscopy reveals that Co concentration remains 7.72% in the uniform region, but changes between 7.38% and 7.62% in the nonuniform region. Thus the variations of superconductivity are associated with local compositional change. C1 [Kim, T-H; Pan, M. H.; Wendelken, J. F.; Li, A. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Jin, R.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Walker, L. R.; Howe, J. Y.; Thompson, J. R.; Sefat, A. S.; McGuire, M. A.; Sales, B. C.; Mandrus, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Thompson, J. R.; Li, A. P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Li, AP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM apli@ornl.gov RI McGuire, Michael/B-5453-2009; Kim, Tae-Hwan/A-5636-2010; Li, An-Ping/B-3191-2012; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014; Howe, Jane/G-2890-2011; Sefat, Athena/R-5457-2016 OI McGuire, Michael/0000-0003-1762-9406; Kim, Tae-Hwan/0000-0001-5328-0913; Li, An-Ping/0000-0003-4400-7493; Sefat, Athena/0000-0002-5596-3504 FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Division of Scientific User Facilities; Eugene P. Wigner Program FX This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and the Shared Research Equipment (SHaRE) user facility, which are sponsored by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Division of Scientific User Facilities (T. H. K., L. R. W., J. Y. H., M. H. P, J. F. W., an A. P. L.) and the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering (R. J., J. R. T., M. A. M., B. C. S., and D. M.), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy. Financial support is acknowledged from the Eugene P. Wigner Program (A. S. and M. A. M). NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214518 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214518 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200093 ER PT J AU Kjall, JA Essin, AM Moore, JE AF Kjaell, Jonas A. Essin, Andrew M. Moore, Joel E. TI Magnetic phase diagram of a spin-1 condensate in two dimensions with dipole interaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE ferromagnetic materials; ground states; magnetic moments; magnetic transitions; radiation pressure ID BOSE; SYMMETRY AB Several new features arise in the ground-state phase diagram of a spin-1 condensate trapped in an optical trap when the magnetic-dipole interaction between the atoms is taken into account along with confinement and spin precession. The boundaries between the regions of ferromagnetic and polar phases move as the dipole strength is varied and the ferromagnetic phases can be modulated. The magnetization of the ferromagnetic phase perpendicular to the field becomes modulated as a helix winding around the magnetic field direction with a wavelength inversely proportional to the dipole strength. This modulation should be observable for current experimental parameters in Rb-87. Hence the much-sought supersolid state with broken continuous translation invariance in one direction and broken global U(1) invariance, occurs generically as a metastable state in this system as a result of dipole interaction. The ferromagnetic state parallel to the applied magnetic field becomes striped in a finite system at strong dipolar coupling. C1 [Kjaell, Jonas A.; Essin, Andrew M.; Moore, Joel E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Moore, Joel E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kjall, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Moore, Joel/O-4959-2016 OI Moore, Joel/0000-0002-4294-5761 FU ARO; Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation; WIN FX The authors thank Subroto Mukerjee, Dan Stamper-Kurn, Mukund Vengalattore, Kater Murch, Jennie Guzman, Andre Wenz, Ari Turner, and Ashvin Vishwanath for useful comments and acknowledge support from ARO through the OLE program (J. K. and J. E. M), Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation (J. K.) and WIN (A. E.). NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 22 AR 224502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.224502 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BN UT WOS:000273228500076 ER PT J AU Kogan, VG AF Kogan, V. G. TI Pair breaking in iron pnictides SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE barium compounds; BCS theory; specific heat; superconducting critical field; superconducting materials; superconducting transition temperature ID ANISOTROPIC SUPERCONDUCTORS; IMPURITIES AB The puzzling features of the slopes of the upper critical field at the critical temperature T(c), H(c2)(')(T(c))proportional to T(c), and of the specific heat jump Delta C proportional to T(c)(3) of iron-pnictides are interpreted as caused by a strong pair-breaking. C1 [Kogan, V. G.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kogan, V. G.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kogan, VG (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX Numerous discussions and help of my colleagues S. Bud'ko, Ni Ni, P. Canfield, J. Schmalian, Junhua Zhang, R. Prozorov, M. Tanatar, R. Mints, and J. Clem are appreciated. The work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. NR 26 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214532 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214532 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200107 ER PT J AU Lau, GC Klimczuk, T Ronning, F McQueen, TM Cava, RJ AF Lau, G. C. Klimczuk, T. Ronning, F. McQueen, T. M. Cava, R. J. TI Magnetic properties of the garnet and glass forms of Mn3Al2Si3O12 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE aluminium compounds; frustration; garnets; magnetic susceptibility; manganese compounds; specific heat; vitrification ID ATOMIC DISPLACEMENT PARAMETERS; SPESSARTINE MN3AL2SI3O12; CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; SPIN-GLASS AB The magnetic susceptibilities and specific heats of the crystalline garnet and glass forms of Mn3Al2Si3O12 are reported. This allows a direct comparison of the degree of magnetic frustration of the triangle-based garnet lattice and the structurally disordered solid at the same composition for isotropic spin 5/2 Mn2+ (3d(5)). The results show that the glass phase shows more pronounced signs of magnetic frustration than the crystalline phase. Through comparison of the specific heats of Ca3Al2Si3O12 (grossular) and Mn3Al2Si3O12 (spessartine) garnets, information is provided concerning the anomalous extra specific heat in the latter material. C1 [Lau, G. C.; McQueen, T. M.; Cava, R. J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Klimczuk, T.; Ronning, F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Klimczuk, T.] Gdansk Univ Technol, Fac Appl Phys & Math, PL-80952 Gdansk, Poland. RP Lau, GC (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Klimczuk, Tomasz/M-1716-2013; OI Klimczuk, Tomasz/0000-0003-2602-5049; Ronning, Filip/0000-0002-2679-7957 FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Program [DMR0703095] FX The research at Princeton was supported by the solid-state chemistry program of the NSF under Grant No. DMR0703095. The work at Los Alamos was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE. T. M. M. gratefully acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Program. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214414 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214414 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200059 ER PT J AU Le Tacon, M Forrest, TR Ruegg, C Bosak, A Walters, AC Mittal, R Ronnow, HM Zhigadlo, ND Katrych, S Karpinski, J Hill, JP Krisch, M McMorrow, DF AF Le Tacon, M. Forrest, T. R. Rueegg, Ch. Bosak, A. Walters, A. C. Mittal, R. Ronnow, H. M. Zhigadlo, N. D. Katrych, S. Karpinski, J. Hill, J. P. Krisch, M. McMorrow, D. F. TI Inelastic x-ray scattering study of superconducting SmFeAsO1-xFy single crystals: Evidence for strong momentum-dependent doping-induced renormalizations of optical phonons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE doping; fluorine; iron compounds; lattice dynamics; phonon dispersion relations; samarium compounds; superconducting materials; X-ray scattering ID IRON; COMPOUND AB We report inelastic x-ray scattering experiments on the lattice dynamics in SmFeAsO and superconducting SmFeAsO0.60F0.35 single crystals. Particular attention was paid to the dispersions along the [100] direction of three optical modes close to 23 meV, polarized out of the FeAs planes. Remarkably, two of these modes are strongly renormalized upon fluorine doping. These results provide significant insight into the energy and momentum dependence of the coupling of the lattice to the electron system and underline the importance of spin-phonon coupling in the superconducting iron pnictides. C1 [Le Tacon, M.; Bosak, A.; Walters, A. C.; Krisch, M.] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. [Le Tacon, M.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Mittal, R.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Solid State Phys, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Ronnow, H. M.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Quantum Magnetism, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Zhigadlo, N. D.; Katrych, S.; Karpinski, J.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Solid State Phys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Hill, J. P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Forrest, T. R.; Rueegg, Ch.; Walters, A. C.; McMorrow, D. F.] UCL, London Ctr Nanotechnol, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Forrest, T. R.; Rueegg, Ch.; Walters, A. C.; McMorrow, D. F.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. RP Le Tacon, M (reprint author), European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France. RI McMorrow, Desmond/C-2655-2008; Le Tacon, Mathieu/D-8023-2011; Hill, John/F-6549-2011; Ruegg, Christian/A-3476-2012; BOSAK, Alexei/J-7895-2013; Ronnow, Henrik/A-4953-2009 OI McMorrow, Desmond/0000-0002-4947-7788; Le Tacon, Mathieu/0000-0002-5838-3724; Ruegg, Christian/0000-0003-0139-7786; Ronnow, Henrik/0000-0002-8832-8865 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Materials Science [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Swiss National Science Foundation (NCCR MaNEP); Royal Society; EPSRC FX This project was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Materials Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886, by the Swiss National Science Foundation (NCCR MaNEP), the Royal Society, and EPSRC. The authors are grateful to J. v. d. Brink, A. Yaresko, and D. Inosov for useful conversations, and to J. Noffsinger for providing us his DFT calculation. NR 24 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 22 AR 220504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.220504 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BN UT WOS:000273228500020 ER PT J AU Lin, PV Camino, FE Goldman, VJ AF Lin, Ping V. Camino, F. E. Goldman, V. J. TI Superperiods in interference of e/3 Laughlin quasiparticles encircling filling 2/5 fractional quantum Hall island SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE Aharonov-Bohm effect; anyons; Fabry-Perot interferometers; quantum Hall effect; tunnelling ID ELECTROMAGNETIC POTENTIALS; MAGNETIC-FLUX; STATISTICS; INTERFEROMETER; CHARGE; STATES; HIERARCHY; ANYONS AB We report experiments in a large, 2.5 mu m diameter Fabry-Perot quantum Hall interferometer with two tunneling constrictions. Interference fringes are observed as conductance oscillations as a function of applied magnetic field (the Aharonov-Bohm flux through the electron island) or a global backgate voltage (electronic charge in the island). Depletion is such that in the fractional quantum Hall regime, filling 1/3 current-carrying chiral edge channels pass through constrictions when the island filling is 2/5. The interferometer device is calibrated with fermionic electrons in the integer quantum Hall regime. In the fractional regime, we observe magnetic flux and charge periods 5h/e and 2e, respectively, corresponding to creation of ten e/5 Laughlin quasiparticles in the island. These results agree with our prior report of the superperiods in a much smaller interferometer device. The observed experimental periods are interpreted as imposed by anyonic statistical interaction of fractionally charged quasiparticles. C1 [Lin, Ping V.; Goldman, V. J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Camino, F. E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Lin, PV (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RI Lin, Ping/A-5624-2017 OI Lin, Ping/0000-0002-3310-6384 FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0555238] FX Stimulating discussions with D. V. Averin, P. Bonderson, D. E. Feldman, E. Fradkin, B. I. Halperin, T. H. Hanson, S. A. Kivelson, J. M. Leinaas, C. Nayak, K. Shtengel, S. H. Simon, A. Stern, and F. Wilczek are gratefully acknowledged. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-0555238. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 23 AR 235301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.235301 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BQ UT WOS:000273228800062 ER PT J AU Louca, D Kamazawa, K Proffen, T AF Louca, Despina Kamazawa, K. Proffen, T. TI Formation of local electric dipoles with no unique polar axis in Tb3Fe5O12 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE ferroelectric transitions; garnets; magnetic transitions; magnetoelectric effects; neutron diffraction; permittivity; terbium compounds ID TERBIUM IRON-GARNET; NEUTRON DIFFRACTION; MAGNETOSTRICTION; POLARIZATION; TEMPERATURE AB Using neutron scattering and the pair-density-function analysis, we investigated, the local atomic structure of the ferrimagnetic dielectric Tb3Fe5O12 garnet. Pronounced magnetic diffuse scattering is observed at high temperatures that gradually decreases with cooling as the Tb spins take on an ordered structure at about 50 K. In the temperature range where the dielectric (epsilon) constant is enhanced, a volume striction is observed from the diffraction measurements under a magnetic field that couples the magnetic response to the dielectric properties. At the same time, large oxygen displacements, on the order of 0.1-0.2 A degrees, are observed starting first at 90 K that persist up to 550 K, resulting in the formation of electric dipoles. However, they are not ordered and the lack of a unique polar axis in the hyperkagome structure may be linked to the absence of a polarized phase in this system. If it were present, the system could have a high ferroelectric transition temperature. C1 [Louca, Despina; Kamazawa, K.] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Proffen, T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Louca, D (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Proffen, Thomas/B-3585-2009 OI Proffen, Thomas/0000-0002-1408-6031 NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214406 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200051 ER PT J AU Lucas, MS Delaire, O Winterrose, ML Swan-Wood, T Kresch, M Halevy, I Fultz, B Hu, JZ Lerche, M Hu, MY Somayazulu, M AF Lucas, M. S. Delaire, O. Winterrose, M. L. Swan-Wood, T. Kresch, M. Halevy, I. Fultz, B. Hu, Jingzhu Lerche, M. Hu, M. Y. Somayazulu, M. TI Effects of vacancies on phonon entropy of B2 FeAl SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE ab initio calculations; aluminium alloys; entropy; Gruneisen coefficient; high-pressure effects; iron alloys; phonons; vacancies (crystal); vibrational modes; X-ray scattering ID NUCLEAR RESONANT SCATTERING; ELASTIC STIFFNESS COEFFICIENTS; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND FEAL; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; IRON-ALUMINUM ALLOYS; DENSITY-OF-STATES; AB-INITIO; DISORDERED NI3AL; VIBRATIONAL ENTROPY AB The phonon density of states (DOS) and phonon entropy of B2 FeAl were determined as functions of the Fe site vacancy concentration using several scattering techniques and were computed from first principles. Measurements at elevated temperature and pressure were performed to explore volume effects, test the usefulness of the quasiharmonic (QH) approximation, and provide comparison for the first-principles calculations. The average temperature and pressure dependencies of phonons were consistent with the QH model. The decrease in specific volume associated with the introduction of vacancies causes a stiffening of the DOS that was captured well with the experimentally determined Gruumlneisen parameter. Features associated with vacancies in the DOS are not well explained by this model, however, especially in the gap between the acoustic and optic branches. First-principles calculations indicated that these modes are primarily associated with vibrations of Al atoms in the first-nearest-neighbor shell of the vacancy, with some vibration amplitude also involving the second-nearest-neighbor Fe atoms. At the vacancy concentrations of study, the phonon entropy of vacancy formation was found to be approximately -1.7k(B)/atom, about half as large and of opposite sign as the configurational entropy of vacancy formation. C1 [Lucas, M. S.; Delaire, O.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Winterrose, M. L.; Swan-Wood, T.; Kresch, M.; Halevy, I.; Fultz, B.] CALTECH, WM Keck Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hu, Jingzhu] Univ Chicago, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Lerche, M.; Hu, M. Y.; Somayazulu, M.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. RP Lucas, MS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy; BES-Materials Science [W-31-109-Eng-38]; Department of Energy through the Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-Eng-38]; DOE-BES; DOE-NNSA (CDAC); NSF; DOD TACOM; W. M. Keck Foundation; DOE-BES [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank C. T. Liu for providing us with the samples for inelastic neutron scattering. This work was benefited from the use of the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source at Argonne National Laboratory. This facility is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, BES-Materials Science, under Contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38. This work was supported by the Department of Energy through the Basic Energy Sciences Grant No. DE-FG02-03ER46055 and DOE BES-MS Grant No. W-31-109-ENG-38. Portions of this work were performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. The use of the HPCAT facility was supported by DOE-BES, DOE-NNSA (CDAC), NSF, DOD TACOM, and the W. M. Keck Foundation. The use of the APS was supported by DOE-BES under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214303 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200045 ER PT J AU Mafra, DL Malard, LM Doorn, SK Htoon, H Nilsson, J Neto, AHC Pimenta, MA AF Mafra, D. L. Malard, L. M. Doorn, S. K. Htoon, Han Nilsson, J. Castro Neto, A. H. Pimenta, M. A. TI Observation of the Kohn anomaly near the K point of bilayer graphene SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE electronic structure; electron-phonon interactions; graphene; infrared spectra; phonon dispersion relations; Raman spectra; soft modes; tight-binding calculations; visible spectra ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; BAND-STRUCTURE; GRAPHITE AB The dispersion of electrons and phonons near the K point of bilayer graphene was investigated in a resonant Raman study using different laser excitation energies in the near-infrared and visible range. The electronic structure was analyzed within the tight-binding approximation, and the Slonczewski-Weiss-McClure parameters were obtained from the analysis of the dispersive behavior of the Raman features. A softening of the phonon branches was observed near the K point and results evidence the Kohn anomaly and the importance of considering electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions to correctly describe the phonon dispersion in graphene systems, confirming the theoretical predictions by Lazzeri. C1 [Mafra, D. L.; Malard, L. M.; Pimenta, M. A.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Fis, BR-30123970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Doorn, S. K.; Htoon, Han] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Htoon, Han] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Nilsson, J.] Leiden Univ, Inst Lorentz, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Castro Neto, A. H.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Mafra, DL (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Fis, BR-30123970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. RI Pimenta, Marcos/F-2122-2010; Nilsson, Johan/A-3507-2009; Mafra, Daniela/F-7442-2012; Malard, Leandro/B-2292-2013; Medicina Molecular, Inct/J-8737-2013; Castro Neto, Antonio/C-8363-2014; OI Nilsson, Johan/0000-0002-4612-3001; Htoon, Han/0000-0003-3696-2896; Castro Neto, Antonio/0000-0003-0613-4010; , /0000-0003-2015-611X FU DOE [FG02-08ER46512]; ONR [MURI N0001409-1-1063] FX This work was supported by Rede Nacional de Pesquisa em Nanotubos de Carbono- MCT and the Brazilian Agencies CNPq and FAPEMIG. Resonance Raman studies in the nearinfrared range were conducted at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, jointly operated by Los Alamos and Sandia National Laboratories. A. H. C. N. acknowledges DOE grant DE-FG02-08ER46512 and ONR grant MURI N0001409-1-1063. NR 38 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 241414 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.241414 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200041 ER PT J AU Marcet, S Ouellet-Plamondon, C Klem, JF Francoeur, S AF Marcet, S. Ouellet-Plamondon, C. Klem, J. F. Francoeur, S. TI Single nitrogen dyad magnetoluminescence in GaAs SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE crystal field interactions; crystal symmetry; excitons; gallium arsenide; g-factor; III-V semiconductors; light polarisation; magnetic field effects; nitrogen; oscillator strengths; photoluminescence; semiconductor doping ID EXCITONS; SEMICONDUCTORS; PAIRS; GAP AB We report on the excitonic luminescence from two nearby nitrogen atoms (a dyad) in GaAs with and without an external magnetic field. The data are analyzed using a Hamiltonian taking into account the effects of the exchange interaction, the crystal field, and the Zeeman interaction and allowing the evaluation of the relative oscillator strength of the optical transitions and their polarization. Without the external magnetic field, we determine the exchange and crystal-field parameters characterizing the four excitonic states observed from dyads oriented along [110] or [110] and find that it is necessary to reduce the symmetry of all the terms involved in the Hamiltonian to the symmetry of the dyads (C(2v)). As expected from two smaller atoms, the parameters indicate a dyad under tensile strain. Although the degeneracy of all excitonic states is already lifted, the magnetic field allows a closer examination of the nature of these states. The small diamagnetic shift of 1.99 +/- 0.06 mu eV T(-2) is consistent with a strong localization of the electron to the nitrogen dyad and the g factor of the electron is an intermediate value between that of a free electron in GaAs and a perfectly localized electron. C1 [Marcet, S.; Ouellet-Plamondon, C.; Francoeur, S.] Ecole Polytech, Dept Genie Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada. [Klem, J. F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Marcet, S (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, Dept Genie Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada. EM sebastien.francoeur@polymtl.ca RI Francoeur, Sebastien/E-6614-2011 OI Francoeur, Sebastien/0000-0002-6129-7026 FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to acknowledge Sandia which is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Co., for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 245404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.245404 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200108 ER PT J AU Mattsson, TR Sandberg, N Armiento, R Mattsson, AE AF Mattsson, T. R. Sandberg, N. Armiento, R. Mattsson, A. E. TI Quantifying the anomalous self-diffusion in molybdenum with first-principles simulations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE ab initio calculations; molecular dynamics method; molybdenum; self-diffusion; vacancies (crystal) ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ELECTRON-GAS; METALS; TRANSITION; VACANCIES AB First-principles molecular-dynamics simulations based on a recently developed exchange-correlation functional show that self-diffusion in the refractory metal molybdenum is associated with strongly temperature-dependent activation energies for vacancy formation and migration. While static calculations of self-diffusion rates based on transition-state theory deviate systematically from experiments, with up to two orders of magnitude, the current results are accurate to within a mean deviation of 4 over the experimental range in temperature. C1 [Mattsson, T. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, HEDP Theory, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Sandberg, N.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Armiento, R.] Univ Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. RP Mattsson, TR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, HEDP Theory, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Mattsson, Thomas/B-6057-2009; Armiento, Rickard/E-1413-2011 OI Armiento, Rickard/0000-0002-5571-0814 FU Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We thank Goran Grimvall for discussions and Odd Runevall for doing some of the verification calculations. We also thank Georg Kresse for the early opportunity to employ VASP 5.1 and Paul Kent for sharing code modifications for the Cray XT4 platform Red Storm at Sandia High Performance Computing. R. A. gratefully acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. The work was supported by the NNSA Science Campaigns (T.R.M.) and the Advanced Simulation & Computing Campaign (A.E.M.) at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Co., for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 22 AR 224104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.224104 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BN UT WOS:000273228500034 ER PT J AU McMahan, AK Scalettar, RT Jarrell, M AF McMahan, A. K. Scalettar, R. T. Jarrell, M. TI Screening of 4f moments and delocalization in the compressed light rare earths SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE cerium; density functional theory; Fermi level; fluctuations; localised states; neodymium; praseodymium; spin-orbit interactions ID ALPHA-GAMMA-TRANSITION; MEAN-FIELD THEORY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; SPIN-DENSITY APPROXIMATION; KONDO VOLUME-COLLAPSE; HIGH-PRESSURE PHASE; EQUATION-OF-STATE; PRASEODYMIUM METAL; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CE COMPOUNDS AB Spin and charge susceptibilities and the 4f(n), 4f(n-1), and 4f(n+1) configuration weights are calculated for compressed Ce (n=1), Pr (n=2), and Nd (n=3) metals at 632 K using dynamical mean-field theory combined with the local-density approximation. At ambient and larger volumes these trivalent rare earths are pinned at sharp 4f(n) configurations, their 4f moments assume atomic-limiting values, are unscreened, and the 4f charge fluctuations are small indicating little f state density near the Fermi level. Under compression there is dramatic screening of the moments and an associated increase in both the 4f charge fluctuations and static charge susceptibility. These changes coincide with growing weights of the 4f(n-1) configurations, which it is argued are better measures of delocalization than the 4f(n+1) weights which are compromised by an increase in the number of 4f electrons caused by rising 6s and 6p bands. This process is continuous and prolonged as a function of volume, with striking similarity among the three rare earths, aside from the effects moderating and shifting to smaller volumes for the heavier members. While the present calculations have been carried out at 632 K for reasons of computational expense, tests of the temperature sensitivities are used to indicate the kind of modest changes expected at room temperature. C1 [McMahan, A. K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Scalettar, R. T.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Jarrell, M.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP McMahan, AK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 65 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 23 AR 235105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.235105 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BQ UT WOS:000273228800026 ER PT J AU Micklitz, T Norman, MR AF Micklitz, T. Norman, M. R. TI Nature of spectral gaps due to pair formation in superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE BCS theory; fluctuations in superconductors; high-temperature superconductors; photoelectron spectra; superconducting critical field; superconducting energy gap ID FLUCTUATIONS; STATE; OSCILLATIONS; PSEUDOGAP AB Several phenomenological self-energies have been presented to describe the pseudogap in cuprates. Here, we offer a derivation of the self-energy in two dimensions due to pair formation and compare it to photoemission data. We then use our results to address several questions of interest, including the existence of magneto-oscillations in the presence of the pseudogap and the two-length-scale nature of vortices in underdoped cuprates. C1 [Micklitz, T.; Norman, M. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Micklitz, T (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013 FU U.S. DOE, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Work was supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank Mohit Randeria, Todadri Senthil, and Patrick Lee for discussions. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 22 AR 220513 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.220513 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BN UT WOS:000273228500029 ER PT J AU Morozovska, AN Eliseev, EA Li, YL Svechnikov, SV Maksymovych, P Shur, VY Gopalan, V Chen, LQ Kalinin, SV AF Morozovska, Anna N. Eliseev, Eugene A. Li, Yulan Svechnikov, Sergei V. Maksymovych, Peter Shur, V. Y. Gopalan, Venkatraman Chen, Long-Qing Kalinin, Sergei V. TI Thermodynamics of nanodomain formation and breakdown in scanning probe microscopy: Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire approach SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE dielectric polarisation; electric domain walls; elongation; ferroelectric coercive field; ferroelectric thin films; ferroelectric transitions; nucleation; scanning probe microscopy; thermodynamics ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; FERROELECTRIC DOMAIN-STRUCTURES; THIN-FILMS; PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; RELAXOR FERROELECTRICS; POLARIZATION REVERSAL; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; BARIUM TITANATE; SURFACE; FIELD AB Thermodynamics of tip-induced nanodomain formation in scanning probe microscopy of ferroelectric films and crystals is studied using the analytical Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire approach and phase-field modeling. The local redistribution of polarization induced by the biased probe apex is analyzed including the effects of polarization gradients, field dependence of dielectric properties, intrinsic domain-wall width, and film thickness. The polarization distribution inside a "subcritical" nucleus of the domain preceding the nucleation event is shown to be "soft" (i.e., smooth without domain walls) and localized below the probe, and the electrostatic field distribution is dominated by the tip. In contrast, polarization distribution inside a stable domain is "hard" (i.e., sharp contrast with delineated domain walls) and the spontaneous polarization reorientation takes place inside a localized spatial region, where the absolute value of the resulting electric field is larger than the thermodynamic coercive field. The calculated coercive biases corresponding to formation of switched domains are in a good agreement with available experimental results for typical ferroelectric materials. The microscopic origin of the observed domain-tip elongation in the region where the probe electric field is much smaller than the intrinsic coercive field is the positive depolarization field in front of the moving-counter domain wall. For infinitely thin domain wall the depolarization field outside the semiellipsoidal domain tip is always higher than the intrinsic coercive field that must initiate the local domain breakdown through the sample depth while the domain length is finite in the energetic approach evolved by Landauer and Molotskii (we refer the phenomenon as Landauer-Molotskii paradox). Our approach provides the solution of the paradox: the domain vertical growth should be accompanied by the increase in the charged domain-wall width. C1 [Morozovska, Anna N.; Svechnikov, Sergei V.] Inst Semicond Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. [Eliseev, Eugene A.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Problems Mat Sci, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine. [Li, Yulan; Gopalan, Venkatraman; Chen, Long-Qing] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Maksymovych, Peter; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Shur, V. Y.] Ural State Univ, Inst Phys & Appl Math, Ekaterinburg 620083, Russia. RP Morozovska, AN (reprint author), Inst Semicond Phys, 41 Pr Nauki, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. EM morozo@i.com.ua; sergei2@ornl.gov RI Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Chen, LongQing/I-7536-2012; Maksymovych, Petro/C-3922-2016 OI Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Chen, LongQing/0000-0003-3359-3781; Maksymovych, Petro/0000-0003-0822-8459 FU Ministry of Science and Education of Ukraine [UU30/004]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0908718, DMR-0820404]; National Academy of Science of Ukraine; joint Russian-Ukrainian [NASU N 17-Ukr_a, RFBR N 08-02-90434]; Division of Scientific User Facilities, U. S. DOE FX Research sponsored by Ministry of Science and Education of Ukraine (Grant No. UU30/004) and National Science Foundation (Grants No. DMR-0908718 and No. DMR-0820404 (.A.N.M. and S. V. S. gratefully acknowledge financial support from National Academy of Science of Ukraine, joint Russian-Ukrainian under Grants No. NASU N 17-Ukr_a and No. RFBR N 08-02-90434. The research is supported in part (S.V.K.) by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U. S. DOE. NR 84 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 27 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214110 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214110 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200031 ER PT J AU Nath, R Furukawa, Y Borsa, F Kaul, EE Baenitz, M Geibel, C Johnston, DC AF Nath, R. Furukawa, Y. Borsa, F. Kaul, E. E. Baenitz, M. Geibel, C. Johnston, D. C. TI Single-crystal P-31 NMR studies of the frustrated square-lattice compound Pb-2(VO)(PO4)(2) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE antiferromagnetic materials; chemical shift; critical exponents; crystal structure; ferromagnetic materials; frustration; high-temperature effects; hyperfine interactions; lead compounds; long-range order; magnetic moments; magnetic susceptibility; magnetisation; Neel temperature; nuclear spin-lattice relaxation; spin fluctuations; X-Y model ID SPIN CORRELATIONS; HEISENBERG-MODEL; RELAXATION; PB2VO(PO4)(2); ANTIFERROMAGNET; MAGNETIZATION; EXCHANGE AB The static and dynamic properties of V4+ spins (S=1/2) in the frustrated square-lattice compound Pb-2(VO)(PO4)(2) were investigated by means of magnetic susceptibility chi and P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shift (K) and P-31 nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T-1 measurements on a single crystal. This compound exhibits long-range antiferromagnetic order below T-N similar or equal to 3.65 K. NMR spectra above T-N show two distinct lines corresponding to two inequivalent P sites present in the crystal structure. The observed asymmetry in hyperfine coupling constant for the in-plane (P1) P site directly points toward a distortion in the square lattice at the microscopic level, consistent with the monoclinic crystal structure. The nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor exchange couplings were estimated by fitting K versus temperature T by a high-temperature series expansion for the spin susceptibility of the frustrated square lattice to be J(1)/k(B)=(-5.4 +/- 0.5) K (ferromagnetic) and J(2)/k(B)=(9.3 +/- 0.6) K (antiferromagnetic), respectively. 1/(T1T chi) is almost T independent at high temperatures due to random fluctuation of spin moments. Below 20 K, the compound shows an enhancement of 1/(T1T chi) which arises from a growth of antiferromagnetic spin correlations above T-N. Below T-N and for the field applied along the c axis, the NMR spectrum for the P1 site splits into two satellites and the spacing between them increases monotonically with decreasing T which is a direct evidence of a columnar antiferromagnetic ordering with spins lying in the ab plane. This type of magnetic ordering is consistent with expectation from the J(2)/J(1)similar or equal to-1.72 ratio. The critical exponent beta=0.25 +/- 0.02 estimated from the temperature dependence of the sublattice magnetization as measured by P-31 NMR at 11.13 MHz is close to the value (0.231) predicted for the two-dimensional XY model. C1 [Nath, R.; Furukawa, Y.; Borsa, F.; Johnston, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Nath, R.; Furukawa, Y.; Borsa, F.; Johnston, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Nath, R.; Kaul, E. E.; Baenitz, M.; Geibel, C.] Max Planck Inst Chem Phys Fester Stoffe, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. [Borsa, F.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis A Volta, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. RP Nath, R (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res, Sch Phys, Thiruvananthapuram 695016, Kerala, India. RI Nath, Ramesh/C-9345-2011; Baenitz, Michael/E-4085-2016 FU Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX We thank P. Carretta, A. A. Tsirlin, and F. Becca for fruitful discussions and correspondence. Work at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, under Contact No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 56 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214430 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214430 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200075 ER PT J AU Nordlund, D Ogasawara, H Andersson, KJ Tatarkhanov, M Salmeron, M Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A AF Nordlund, D. Ogasawara, H. Andersson, K. J. Tatarkhanov, M. Salmeron, M. Pettersson, L. G. M. Nilsson, A. TI Sensitivity of x-ray absorption spectroscopy to hydrogen bond topology SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE hydrogen bonds; molecular clusters; molecule-surface impact; monolayers; ruthenium; surface structure; water; X-ray absorption spectra ID LIQUID WATER; CU(110); ICE; ADSORPTION; PHASES AB We demonstrate the sensitivity of x-ray absorption spectroscopy to hydrogen bonding using as experimental model system water on Ru(0001). We stepwise go from fully broken to complete H-bond network by varying the morphology from isolated monomers via two-dimensional clusters to a saturated monolayer as probed by scanning tunneling microscopy. The sensitivity of x-ray absorption to the symmetry of H bonding is further elucidated for the amino (-NH2) group in glycine adsorbed on Cu(110) where the E vector is parallel either to the NH donating an H bond or to the non-H-bonded NH. We show that the pre-edge in the x-ray absorption spectrum is associated with an asymmetric hydrogen-bonding situation while the postedge is directly associated with hydrogen bond formation. The results give further evidence for the much debated interpretation of the various spectral features of liquid water and demonstrate the general applicability of x-ray absorption spectroscopy to analyze H-bonded systems. C1 [Nordlund, D.; Ogasawara, H.; Andersson, K. J.; Nilsson, A.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Ogasawara, H.; Nilsson, A.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Andersson, K. J.; Pettersson, L. G. M.; Nilsson, A.] Stockholm Univ, FYSIKUM, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Tatarkhanov, M.; Salmeron, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Salmeron, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nilsson, A (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM nilsson@slac.stanford.edu RI Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Nordlund, Dennis/A-8902-2008; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013; Ogasawara, Hirohito/D-2105-2009; OI Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Nordlund, Dennis/0000-0001-9524-6908; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934; Ogasawara, Hirohito/0000-0001-5338-1079; Andersson, Klas J./0000-0002-6064-5658 FU National Science Foundation (U.S.) [CHE-0809324, CHE-0431425]; Swedish Research Council; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (U.S.) under Grants No. CHE-0809324 and No. CHE-0431425 and the Swedish Research Council. Portions of this research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The STM work was supported by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 23 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 23 AR 233404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.233404 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BQ UT WOS:000273228800015 ER PT J AU Ogitsu, T Benedict, LX Schwegler, E Draeger, EW Prendergast, D AF Ogitsu, Tadashi Benedict, Lorin X. Schwegler, Eric Draeger, Erik W. Prendergast, David TI First-principles calculations of solid and liquid aluminum optical absorption spectra near the melting curve: Ambient and high-pressure results SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE ab initio calculations; alumina; optical conductivity; ultraviolet spectra ID BRILLOUIN-ZONE; INTERBAND ABSORPTION; POLYVALENT METALS; ELECTRON; DENSITY; EQUILIBRATION; GAAS AB We present ab initio calculations of the linear optical conductivity of heated Al at ambient pressure and at the conditions relevant for shock melting (P similar to 125 GPa, T similar to 5000 K). It is shown that the visible and near-UV optical spectrum is very sensitive to the phase (fcc solid versus liquid) of Al for both P=0 and 125 GPa. The ambient-P results confirm an earlier prediction and the results of a recent experiment while the high-(P,T) results allow us to conclude that in situ measurements of optical constants should be able to diagnose the shock melting of Al. C1 [Ogitsu, Tadashi; Benedict, Lorin X.; Schwegler, Eric; Draeger, Erik W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Prendergast, David] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ogitsu, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Schwegler, Eric/F-7294-2010; Prendergast, David/E-4437-2010; Schwegler, Eric/A-2436-2016 OI Schwegler, Eric/0000-0003-3635-7418 FU U.S. Department of Energy at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We thank L. H. Yang and E. D. Chisolm for helpful discussions and contributions during the early stages of the study, and N.C. Holmes, J. H. Nguyen, J. R. Patterson, D. Orlikowski, Y. Ping, and A. Ng for their encouragement throughout our investigation. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214105 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200026 ER PT J AU Panguluri, RP Santos, TS Moodera, JS Nadgorny, B AF Panguluri, Raghava P. Santos, T. S. Moodera, J. S. Nadgorny, B. TI Reply to "Comment on 'Half-metallicity in europium oxide conductively matched with silicon' " SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Editorial Material DE electron spin polarisation; europium compounds; silicon ID ANDREEV REFLECTION; SPIN POLARIZATION AB In a recent paper [R. P. Panguluri , Phys. Rev. B 78, 125307 (2008)] we measured the spin polarization of europium oxide in direct contact with highly conductive silicon. In this Reply we address the issues raised in the preceding Comment [A. Schmehl Phys. Rev. B80, 237301 (2009)] by discussing the rationale behind the choice of experimental geometries. We argue that the choice of geometries is primarily determined by the objectives of the measurements. While the main goal of our work was to determine the spin polarization of polycrystalline EuO1-x fabricated on a conductive Si substrate, the aim of A. Schmehl , Nature Mater. 6, 882 (2007) was to perform the spin-polarization measurements of epitaxial LaxEuO1-x on an insulating YAlO3 substrate. From this perspective, the statement in our paper was fully justified. C1 [Panguluri, Raghava P.; Nadgorny, B.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Santos, T. S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Moodera, J. S.; Nadgorny, B.] MIT, Francis Bitter Natl Magnet Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Panguluri, RP (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 23 AR 237302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.237302 PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BQ UT WOS:000273228800134 ER PT J AU Petkovic, A Vinokur, VM Nattermann, T AF Petkovic, Aleksandra Vinokur, Valerii M. Nattermann, Thomas TI Transport properties of clean and disordered Josephson-junction arrays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE creep; critical currents; fluctuations in superconductors; Josephson effect; Kosterlitz-Thouless transition; mixed state; superconducting thin films ID 2-DIMENSIONAL XY-MODEL; SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS; POSITIONAL DISORDER; VORTEX DYNAMICS; VORTICES; ABSENCE; DISSIPATION; REENTRANCE; TRANSITION; STATE AB We investigate the influence of quantum fluctuations and weak disorder on the vortex dynamics in a two-dimensional superconducting Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless system. The temperature below which quantum fluctuations dominate the vortex creep is determined and the transport in this quantum regime is described. The crossover from quantum to classical regime is discussed and the quantum correction to the classical current-voltage relation is determined. It is found that weak disorder can effectively reduce the critical current as compared to that in the clean system. C1 [Petkovic, Aleksandra; Nattermann, Thomas] Univ Cologne, Inst Theoret Phys, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Petkovic, Aleksandra; Vinokur, Valerii M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Petkovic, A (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Inst Theoret Phys, Zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; SFB [608]; AvH Foundation FX We are delighted to thank R. Fazio and Z. Ristivojevic for useful discussion. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science through Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357; the authors would like to acknowledge support from the SFB 608 (A. P. and T.N.) and the AvH Foundation (V. M. V.). NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 212504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.212504 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200019 ER PT J AU Podolsky, D Chandrasekharan, S Vishwanath, A AF Podolsky, Daniel Chandrasekharan, Shailesh Vishwanath, Ashvin TI Phase transitions of S=1 spinor condensates in an optical lattice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE boson systems; disclinations; Kosterlitz-Thouless transition; magnetic anisotropy; magnetic transitions; nematic liquid crystals; optical lattices; superfluidity AB We study the phase diagram of spin-one polar condensates in a two-dimensional optical lattice with magnetic anisotropy. We show that the topological binding of vorticity to nematic disclinations allows for a rich variety of phase transitions. These include Kosterlitz-Thouless-like transitions with a superfluid stiffness jump that can be experimentally tuned to take a continuous set of values, and a cascaded Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, characterized by two divergent length scales. For higher integer spin bosons S, the thermal phase transition out of the planar polar phase is strongly affected by the parity of S. C1 [Podolsky, Daniel] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Podolsky, Daniel; Vishwanath, Ashvin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chandrasekharan, Shailesh] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Vishwanath, Ashvin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Podolsky, D (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RI Podolsky, Daniel/D-5576-2013; OI Podolsky, Daniel/0000-0001-6428-2957; Chandrasekharan, Shailesh/0000-0002-3711-4998 NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214513 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214513 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200088 ER PT J AU Prendergast, D Louie, SG AF Prendergast, David Louie, Steven G. TI Bloch-state-based interpolation: An efficient generalization of the Shirley approach to interpolating electronic structure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE Bethe-Salpeter equation; Brillouin zones; density functional theory; eigenvalues and eigenfunctions; electronic structure; interpolation; pseudopotential methods ID AB-INITIO CALCULATION; WANNIER FUNCTIONS; HOLE EXCITATIONS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; INSULATORS; SEMICONDUCTORS; ABSORPTION; MOLECULES; SPECTRA; LENGTH AB We present an efficient generalization of the k-space interpolation scheme for electronic structure presented by Shirley [Phys. Rev. B 54, 16464 (1996)]. The method permits the construction of a compact k-dependent Hamiltonian using a numerically optimal basis derived from a coarse-grained set of effective single-particle electronic-structure calculations (based on density-functional theory in this work). We provide some generalizations of the initial approach which reduce the number of required initial electronic-structure calculations, enabling accurate interpolation over the entire Brillouin zone based on calculations at the zone center only for large systems. We also generalize the representation of nonlocal Hamiltonians, leading to a more efficient implementation which permits the use of both norm-conserving and ultrasoft pseudopotentials in the input calculations. Numerically interpolated electronic eigenvalues with accuracy that is within 0.01 eV can be produced at very little computational cost. Furthermore, accurate eigenfunctions-expressed in the optimal basis-provide easy access to useful matrix elements for simulating spectroscopy and we provide details for computing optical transition amplitudes. The approach is also applicable to other theoretical frameworks such as the Dyson equation for quasiparticle excitations or the Bethe-Salpeter equation for optical responses. C1 [Prendergast, David; Louie, Steven G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Louie, Steven G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Prendergast, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dgprendergast@lbl.gov RI Prendergast, David/E-4437-2010 FU National Science Foundation [DMR0439768]; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We are grateful to the following people for stimulating discussions: Feliciano Giustino, Jeffrey B. Neaton, Robert F. Berger, and Pierre Darancet. This work was supported by National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR0439768 and by the Director, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 through the LBNL Chemical Sciences Division and The Molecular Foundry. Calculations were performed on: Franklin provided by DOE at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC); Lawrencium provided by High Performance Computing Services, IT Division, LBNL; and Nano at the Molecular Foundry. NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 23 AR 235126 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.235126 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BQ UT WOS:000273228800047 ER PT J AU Reeves, RV White, JDE Dufresne, EM Fezzaa, K Son, SF Varma, A Mukasyan, AS AF Reeves, Robert V. White, Jeremiah D. E. Dufresne, Eric M. Fezzaa, Kamel Son, Steven F. Varma, Arvind Mukasyan, Alexander S. TI Microstructural transformations and kinetics of high-temperature heterogeneous gasless reactions by high-speed x-ray phase-contrast imaging SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE chemical reactions; crystal microstructure; elemental semiconductors; melting; nucleation; silicon; solid-state phase transformations; tungsten; X-ray imaging ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; GROWTH-KINETICS; COMBUSTION; MICROTOMOGRAPHY; SYSTEM; MICROSCOPY AB Heterogeneous gasless reactive systems, including high-energy density metal-nonmetal compositions, have seen increasing study due to their various applications. However, owing to their high reaction temperature, short reaction time, and small scale of heterogeneity, investigation of their reaction mechanisms and kinetics is very difficult. In this study, microstructural changes and the kinetics of product layer growth in the W-Si system was investigated using a high-speed x-ray phase-contrast imaging technique. Using the Advanced Photon Source of Argonne National Laboratory, this method allowed direct imaging of irreversible reactions in the W-Si reactive system at frame rates up to 36 000 frames per second with 4 mu s exposure and spatial resolution of 10 mu m. Details of the Si melt and reactions between W and Si, that are unable to be viewed with visible-light imaging, were revealed. These include processes such as the initiation of nucleated melting and other physical phenomena that provide insight into the mixing of reactants and subsequent reaction. Through the use of this imaging technique and future optimization in the imaging process, a model for accurately identifying kinetics of chemical reactions, both spatially and temporally, is also proposed. C1 [Reeves, Robert V.; Son, Steven F.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [White, Jeremiah D. E.; Mukasyan, Alexander S.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Dufresne, Eric M.; Fezzaa, Kamel] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Varma, Arvind] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Reeves, RV (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Mukasyan, Alexander/K-1784-2013; OI Mukasyan, Alexander/0000-0001-8866-0043; Son, Steven/0000-0001-7498-2922 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Naval Research [N0014-07-1-0969] FX S. Kharatyan is acknowledged for his help with utilizing the CAE setup in these experiments. Also, J. Wang is acknowledged for helpful discussions regarding the design of the optical system in these experiments. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N0014-07-1-0969 with Clifford Bedford as the Program Manager. NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 22 AR 224103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.224103 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BN UT WOS:000273228500033 ER PT J AU Reznik, D Lokshin, K Mitchell, DC Parshall, D Dmowski, W Lamago, D Heid, R Bohnen, KP Sefat, AS McGuire, MA Sales, BC Mandrus, DG Subedi, A Singh, DJ Alatas, A Upton, MH Said, AH Cunsolo, A Shvyd'ko, Y Egami, T AF Reznik, D. Lokshin, K. Mitchell, D. C. Parshall, D. Dmowski, W. Lamago, D. Heid, R. Bohnen, K. -P. Sefat, A. S. McGuire, M. A. Sales, B. C. Mandrus, D. G. Subedi, A. Singh, D. J. Alatas, A. Upton, M. H. Said, A. H. Cunsolo, A. Shvyd'ko, Yu. Egami, T. TI Phonons in doped and undoped BaFe2As2 investigated by inelastic x-ray scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE arsenic alloys; barium alloys; density functional theory; doping; ground states; iron alloys; magnetic domains; phonons ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB We measured phonon frequencies and linewidths in doped and undoped BaFe2As2 single crystals by inelastic x-ray scattering and compared our results with density functional theory calculations. In agreement with previous work, the calculated frequencies of some phonons depended on whether the ground state was magnetic or not and, in the former case, whether phonon wave vector was parallel or perpendicular to the magnetic ordering wave vector. The experimental results agreed better with the magnetic calculation than with zero Fe moment calculations, except the peak splitting expected due to magnetic domain twinning was not observed. Furthermore, phonon frequencies were unaffected by the breakdown of the magnetic ground state due to either doping or increased temperature. Based on these results we propose that phonons strongly couple not to the static order, but to high frequency magnetic fluctuations. C1 [Reznik, D.; Lamago, D.; Heid, R.; Bohnen, K. -P.] Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Festkorperphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Lokshin, K.; Dmowski, W.; Egami, T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Mitchell, D. C.; Parshall, D.; Subedi, A.; Egami, T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Lamago, D.] CEA Saclay, Lab Leon Brillouin, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Sefat, A. S.; McGuire, M. A.; Sales, B. C.; Mandrus, D. G.; Subedi, A.; Singh, D. J.; Egami, T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Alatas, A.; Upton, M. H.; Said, A. H.; Cunsolo, A.; Shvyd'ko, Yu.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60192 USA. RP Reznik, D (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Festkorperphys, POB 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RI McGuire, Michael/B-5453-2009; Singh, David/I-2416-2012; Cunsolo, Alessandro/C-7617-2013; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014; Sefat, Athena/R-5457-2016 OI McGuire, Michael/0000-0003-1762-9406; Sefat, Athena/0000-0002-5596-3504 FU Department of Energy EPSCoR [DE-FG02-08ER46528]; Basic Energy Science Division of the Department of Energy; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; NSF [0115852] FX This research was supported in part by the Department of Energy EPSCoR, under Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER46528, and by the Basic Energy Science Division of the Department of Energy. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Work at ORNL was supported by DOE, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. The construction of HERIX was partially supported by the NSF under Grant No. DMR-0115852. The authors benefited from discussions with L. Pintschovius, I. I. Mazin, T. Yildirim, R. Mittal, A. Q. R. Baron, D. N. Argyriou, E. W. Plummer, P. Dai, G. Sawatzky, Y. Uemura, and S. Maekawa. NR 21 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214534 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214534 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200109 ER PT J AU Siegel, DA Zhou, SY El Gabaly, F Schmid, AK McCarty, KF Lanzara, A AF Siegel, D. A. Zhou, S. Y. El Gabaly, F. Schmid, A. K. McCarty, K. F. Lanzara, A. TI Three-fold diffraction symmetry in epitaxial graphene and the SiC substrate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE buffer layers; crystal symmetry; epitaxial layers; graphene; low energy electron diffraction; monolayers; silicon compounds; thin films ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; GRAPHITE FILMS; RU(0001) AB The crystallographic symmetries and spatial distribution of stacking domains in graphene films on 6H-SiC(0001) have been studied by low-energy electron diffraction and dark-field imaging in a low-energy electron microscope. We find that the graphene diffraction spots from two and three atomic layers of graphene have three-fold symmetry consistent with AB (Bernal or rhombohedral) stacking of the layers. On the contrary, graphene diffraction spots from the buffer layer and monolayer graphene have apparent six-fold symmetry, although the three-fold nature of the satellite spots indicates a more complex periodicity in the graphene sheets. C1 [Siegel, D. A.; Zhou, S. Y.; Lanzara, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Siegel, D. A.; Zhou, S. Y.; Schmid, A. K.; Lanzara, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [El Gabaly, F.; McCarty, K. F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lanzara, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alanzara@lbl.gov RI Zhou, Shuyun/A-5750-2009; McCarty, Kevin/F-9368-2012 OI McCarty, Kevin/0000-0002-8601-079X FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC03-76SF00098, DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National Science Foundation FX We thank D.- H. Lee for useful discussions. LEEM measurements and sample growth were supported by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contracts No. DEAC03-76SF00098 (LBL) and DE-AC04-94AL85000 (SNL). Sample growth was also supported by the MRSEC project through the National Science Foundation. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 241407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.241407 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200034 ER PT J AU Starodub, E Maier, S Stass, I Bartelt, NC Feibelman, PJ Salmeron, M McCarty, KF AF Starodub, E. Maier, S. Stass, I. Bartelt, N. C. Feibelman, P. J. Salmeron, M. McCarty, K. F. TI Graphene growth by metal etching on Ru(0001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE density functional theory; edge dislocations; electron microscopy; etching; graphene; island structure; ruthenium; scanning tunnelling microscopy ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; PT(111); DECOMPOSITION; SURFACE; RECONSTRUCTION; ADSORPTION AB Low-energy electron microscopy reveals a mode of graphene growth on Ru(0001) in which Ru atoms are etched from a step edge and injected under a growing graphene sheet. Based on density-functional calculations, we propose a model wherein injected Ru atoms form metastable islands under the graphene. Scanning tunneling microscopy reveals that dislocation networks exist near step edges, consistent with some of the injected atoms being incorporated into the topmost Ru layer, thereby increasing its density. C1 [Starodub, E.; Bartelt, N. C.; McCarty, K. F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Maier, S.; Stass, I.; Salmeron, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stass, I.] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Expt Phys, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Feibelman, P. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP McCarty, KF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mccarty@sandia.gov RI McCarty, Kevin/F-9368-2012; Bartelt, Norman/G-2927-2012; Maier, Sabine/B-5917-2008 OI McCarty, Kevin/0000-0002-8601-079X; Maier, Sabine/0000-0001-9589-6855 FU U. S. DOE [DE-AC04-94AL85000, DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering of the U. S. DOE under Contracts No. DE-AC04-94AL85000 (SNL) and No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (LBL) NR 28 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 38 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 23 AR 235422 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.235422 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BQ UT WOS:000273228800118 ER PT J AU Sutter, P Sadowski, JT Sutter, E AF Sutter, Peter Sadowski, Jerzy T. Sutter, Eli TI Graphene on Pt(111): Growth and substrate interaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE band structure; charge exchange; diffusion; doping; epitaxial growth; epitaxial layers; graphene; interface structure; monolayers; platinum; substrates; surface segregation; thermal stresses ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FEW-LAYER GRAPHENE; EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MONOLAYER GRAPHITE; LARGE-AREA; CARBON; FILMS; MICROSCOPY; PLATINUM AB In situ low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) of graphene growth combined with measurements of the graphene structure and electronic band structure has been used to study graphene on Pt(111). Growth by carbon segregation produces macroscopic monolayer graphene domains extending continuously across Pt(111) substrate steps and bounded by strongly faceted edges. LEEM during cooling from the growth temperature shows the propagation of wrinkles in the graphene sheet, driven by thermal stress. The lattice mismatch between graphene and Pt(111) is accommodated by moireacute structures with a large number of different rotational variants, without a clear preference for a particular interface geometry. Fast and slow growing graphene domains exhibit moireacute structures with small [e.g., (3x3)(G), (6x6)R2(G), and (2x2)R4(G)] and large unit cells [e.g., (44x44)R15(G), (52x52)R14(G), and (8x8)(G)], respectively. A weak substrate coupling, suggested by the growth and structural properties of monolayer graphene on Pt(111), is confirmed by maps of the band structure, which is close to that of isolated graphene aside from minimal hole doping due to charge transfer from the metal. Finally, the decoupled graphene monolayer on Pt(111) appears impenetrable to carbon diffusion, which self-limits the graphene growth at monolayer thickness. Thicker graphene domains, which can form at boundaries between monolayer domains, have been used to characterize the properties of few-layer graphene on Pt(111). C1 [Sutter, Peter; Sadowski, Jerzy T.; Sutter, Eli] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sutter, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Sadowski, Jerzy/0000-0002-4365-7796 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH1-886] FX We would like to thank E. Vescovo for technical support and M. S. Hybertsen for helpful discussions. Work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH1-886. NR 51 TC 307 Z9 311 U1 19 U2 258 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 245411 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.245411 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200115 ER PT J AU Tao, JM Tretiak, S Zhu, JX AF Tao, Jianmin Tretiak, Sergei Zhu, Jian-Xin TI Prediction of excitation energies for conjugated polymers using time-dependent density functional theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE conducting polymers; density functional theory; ground states; triplet state ID LIGHT-EMITTING OLIGOQUINOLINES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; APPROXIMATION; MOLECULES; ABSORPTION; OLIGOMERS; DYNAMICS; SPECTRA; SINGLET; MODEL AB Excitation energies of light-emitting conjugated polymers have been investigated with time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) within the adiabatic approximation. Our calculations show that the accuracy of the calculated TDDFT excitation energies largely depends on the dihedral angles obtained by the ground-state DFT geometry optimization. We find that, when the DFT torsional dihedral angles are close to experimental estimates, the TDDFT excitation energies agree well with experiments. This trend is observed based on calculations of eight different polymeric systems considered here. We further show that while hybrid density functionals can respect the thumb rule of E(T)approximate to 2E(S)/3, where E(S) is the singlet-singlet excitation energy and E(T) the singlet-triplet excitation energy, nonhybrid functionals do not. C1 [Tao, Jianmin; Tretiak, Sergei; Zhu, Jian-Xin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Tao, Jianmin; Tretiak, Sergei; Zhu, Jian-Xin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Tretiak, Sergei] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tao, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Tretiak, Sergei/B-5556-2009; OI Tretiak, Sergei/0000-0001-5547-3647; Zhu, Jianxin/0000-0001-7991-3918 FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; LANL LDRD program FX The authors thank Richard Martin and John Perdew for valuable discussion and suggestions. This work was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U. S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 and was supported by the LANL LDRD program. NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 23 AR 235110 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.235110 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BQ UT WOS:000273228800031 ER PT J AU Turner, AM Wang, F Vishwanath, A AF Turner, Ari M. Wang, Fa Vishwanath, Ashvin TI Kinetic magnetism and orbital order in iron telluride SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE high-temperature superconductors; iron compounds; magnetism; photoelectron spectra; solid-state phase transformations AB Iron telluride (FeTe), a relative of the iron-based high-temperature superconductors, displays unusual magnetic order and structural transitions. Here, we explore the idea that strong correlations may play an important role in these materials. We argue that the unusual orders observed in FeTe can be understood from a picture of correlated local moments with orbital degeneracy, coupled to a small density of itinerant electrons. A component of the structural transition is attributed to orbital, rather than magnetic ordering, introducing a strongly anisotropic character to the system along the diagonal directions of the iron lattice. Double exchange interactions couple the diagonal chains leading to the observed ordering wave vector. The incommensurate order in samples with excess iron arises from electron doping in this scenario. The strong anisotropy of physical properties in the ordered phase should be detectable by transport in single domains. Predictions for ARPES, inelastic neutron scattering and hole/electron doping studies are also made. C1 [Turner, Ari M.; Wang, Fa; Vishwanath, Ashvin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wang, Fa; Vishwanath, Ashvin] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Turner, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Wang, Fa/D-3817-2015 OI Wang, Fa/0000-0002-6220-5349 FU LBNL [DOE-504108] FX We thank Eugene Demler for thoughtful conversations, and acknowledge support from LBNL DOE-504108. NR 23 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 7 U2 44 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 22 AR 224504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.224504 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BN UT WOS:000273228500078 ER PT J AU Xiao, HY Gao, F Weber, WJ AF Xiao, H. Y. Gao, Fei Weber, W. J. TI Ab initio investigation of phase stability of Y2Ti2O7 and Y2Zr2O7 under high pressure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE ab initio calculations; crystal defects; crystal structure; high-pressure solid-state phase transformations ID RADIATION-DAMAGE; RE2TI2O7 RE; WASTE FORM; PYROCHLORE; OXIDES; AMORPHIZATION; ZIRCONATE; PLUTONIUM; SOLIDS; GD AB The phase stabilities of Y2Ti2O7 and Y2Zr2O7 under high pressure were investigated by ab initio methods. Pyrochlore-structured Y2Ti2O7 and defect-fluorite Y2Zr2O7 exhibit different responses to high pressure. Both the defect-fluorite and defect-cotunnite structures are energetically more stable at high pressure in Y2Ti2O7, but comparison with experimental results suggest that only the transformation to the defect-fluorite structure is kinetically favored. For Y2Zr2O7, the defect-fluorite phase should undergo a structural transformation to the defect-cotunnite state under high pressure. C1 [Xiao, H. Y.; Gao, Fei; Weber, W. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Weber, WJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM bill.weber@pnl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Xiao, Haiyan/A-1450-2012; Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; FU Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX This research was supported by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. We would like to thank Fuxiang Zhang for helpful discussion of the work. The research was performed using the supercomputer resources at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 42 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 37 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 212102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.212102 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200002 ER PT J AU Yates, KA Behan, AJ Neal, JR Score, DS Blythe, HJ Gehring, GA Heald, SM Branford, WR Cohen, LF AF Yates, Karen A. Behan, Anthony J. Neal, James R. Score, David S. Blythe, Harry J. Gehring, Gillian A. Heald, Steve M. Branford, Will R. Cohen, Lesley F. TI Spin-polarized transport current in n-type codoped ZnO thin films measured by Andreev spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE aluminium; ferromagnetic materials; II-VI semiconductors; magnetic thin films; manganese; point contact spectroscopy; semiconductor thin films; semimagnetic semiconductors; spin polarised transport; wide band gap semiconductors; zinc compounds ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; MN-DOPED ZNO; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; TRANSITION; SEMICONDUCTORS; SPINTRONICS; MAGNETISM; ORIGIN; SYSTEM AB We use point-contact Andreev-reflection measurements to determine the spin polarization of the transport current in pulse laser deposited thin films of ZnO with 1% Al and with and without 2% Mn. Only films with Mn are ferromagnetic and show spin polarization of the transport current of up to 55 +/- 0.5% at 4.2 K, in sharp contrast to measurements of the nonmagnetic films without Mn where the polarization is consistent with zero. Our results imply strongly that ferromagnetism in these Al-doped ZnO films requires the presence of Mn. C1 [Yates, Karen A.; Branford, Will R.; Cohen, Lesley F.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Behan, Anthony J.; Neal, James R.; Score, David S.; Blythe, Harry J.; Gehring, Gillian A.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. [Heald, Steve M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yates, KA (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Dept Phys, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2AZ, England. RI Branford, Will/K-4375-2012 OI Branford, Will/0000-0002-4821-4097 FU EPSRC; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work is supported by EPSRC for work done both at Imperial College London and Sheffield. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 245207 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.245207 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200071 ER PT J AU Yoshida, T Komiya, S Zhou, XJ Tanaka, K Fujimori, A Hussain, Z Shen, ZX Ando, Y Eisaki, H Uchida, S AF Yoshida, T. Komiya, Seiki Zhou, X. J. Tanaka, K. Fujimori, A. Hussain, Z. Shen, Z. -X. Ando, Yoichi Eisaki, H. Uchida, S. TI Zn-impurity effects on quasiparticle scattering in La2-xSrxCuO4 studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE antiferromagnetic materials; copper compounds; electrical resistivity; electronic structure; Fermi level; Fermi surface; fluctuations in superconductors; high-temperature superconductors; lanthanum compounds; photoelectron spectra; quasiparticles; strontium compounds; superconducting energy gap ID SUPERCONDUCTORS; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA AB Angle-resolved photoemission measurements were performed on Zn-doped La2-xSrxCuO4 to investigate the effects of Zn impurities on the low-energy electronic structure. The Zn-impurity-induced increase in the quasiparticle width in momentum distribution curves (MDCs) is approximately isotropic on the entire Fermi surface and energy independent near the Fermi level (E-F). The increase in the MDC width is consistent with the increase in the residual resistivity due to the Zn impurities if we assume the carrier number to be 1-x for x=0.17 and the Zn impurity to be a potential scatterer close to the unitarity limit. For x=0.03, the residual resistivity is found to be higher than that expected from the MDC width, and the effects of antiferromagnetic fluctuations induced around the Zn impurities are discussed. The leading edges of the spectra near (pi,0) for x=0.17 are shifted toward higher energies relative to E-F with Zn substitution, indicating a reduction in the superconducting gap. C1 [Yoshida, T.; Fujimori, A.; Uchida, S.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Komiya, Seiki] Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. [Zhou, X. J.; Tanaka, K.; Shen, Z. -X.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Zhou, X. J.; Tanaka, K.; Shen, Z. -X.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hussain, Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ando, Yoichi] Osaka Univ, Inst Sci & Ind Res, Osaka 5670047, Japan. [Eisaki, H.] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan. RP Yoshida, T (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RI Ando, Yoichi/B-8163-2013 OI Ando, Yoichi/0000-0002-3553-3355 FU Ministry of Education, Science, Culture, Sports and Technology, Japan; KAKENHI [19674002, 20030004] FX We are grateful to Y. Yanase for enlightening discussions. This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research in Priority Area "Invention of Anomalous Quantum Materials" and a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists from the Ministry of Education, Science, Culture, Sports and Technology, Japan. Y. A. was supported by KAKENHI Contracts No. 19674002 and No. 20030004. ALS is operated by the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Science. SSRL is operated by the DOE Office of Basic Energy Science Divisions of Chemical Sciences and Material Sciences. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 245113 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.245113 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200057 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Camacho, J Cao, H Chen, YP Khodas, M Kharzeev, DE Tsvelik, AM Valla, T Zaliznyak, IA AF Zhang, L. Camacho, J. Cao, H. Chen, Y. P. Khodas, M. Kharzeev, D. E. Tsvelik, A. M. Valla, T. Zaliznyak, I. A. TI Breakdown of the N=0 quantum Hall state in graphene: Two insulating regimes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE electrical resistivity; graphene; Landau levels; quantum Hall effect; Wigner crystal ID CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE; ELECTRON; FIELD AB We studied the unusual quantum Hall effect (QHE) near the charge neutrality point in high-mobility graphene sample for magnetic fields up to 18 T. We observe breakdown of the delocalized QHE transport and strong increase in resistivities rho(xx),vertical bar rho(xy)vertical bar with decreasing Landau-level filling for nu < 2, where we identify two insulating regimes. First, rho(xx,xy) increases nearly exponentially within the range of several resistance quanta R(K), while the Hall effect gradually disappears and the off-diagonal resistivity rho(xy) eventually becomes independent of the direction of magnetic field, consistent with the Hall insulator with local transport. Then, at a filling nu approximate to 1/2, there is a cusp in rho(xx)(nu) and an onset of even faster growth with the decreasing nu, indicating transition to a collective insulator state. A likely candidate for this state is a pinned Wigner crystal. C1 [Zhang, L.; Camacho, J.; Khodas, M.; Tsvelik, A. M.; Valla, T.; Zaliznyak, I. A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, CMPMSD, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Cao, H.; Chen, Y. P.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Khodas, M.; Kharzeev, D. E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zaliznyak, IA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, CMPMSD, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM zaliznyak@bnl.gov RI Chen, Yong/K-7017-2012; Cao, Helin/B-5908-2013; Cao, Helin/G-5521-2012; Zaliznyak, Igor/E-8532-2014; Zhang, Liyuan/L-8616-2016 OI Chen, Yong/0000-0002-7356-4179; Zaliznyak, Igor/0000-0002-9886-3255; Zhang, Liyuan/0000-0001-7968-3294 FU U. S. DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Purdue University; Miller Family Endowment; NSF [DMR-0084173]; State of Florida FX We thank I. Childres, J.-H. Park, and E. Palm for help with the measurements and S. Suchalkin, Z. Jiang, M. Strongin, D. Abanin, and A. Shytov for discussions. We also thank F. Camino, A. Stein, and D. Nykypanchuk for help at the Brookhaven Center for Functional Nanomaterials, where our samples were prepared. This work was supported by the U. S. DOE under the Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Partial support by Purdue University and Miller Family Endowment is gratefully acknowledged. Work at the NHMFL is also supported by the NSF through Grant No. DMR-0084173 and by the State of Florida. NR 20 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 241412 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.241412 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200039 ER PT J AU Zhang, LJ Singh, DJ AF Zhang, Lijun Singh, D. J. TI Density functional study of the electronic structure and magnetism of LaFeAsO alloyed with Zn SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE alloying; density functional theory; doping profiles; electronic structure; Fermi level; high-temperature superconductors; iron compounds; lanthanum compounds; magnetic moments; proximity effect (superconductivity); superconducting semiconductors; zinc compounds ID WAVE METHOD; IRON; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB We report first-principles supercell investigations of LaFe1-xZnxAsO. These are discussed in relation to existing experimental data on Zn-doped LaFeAsO. As expected, Zn occurs in a d(10) configuration in the alloy, similar to the pure Zn compound LaZnAsO. This is highly disruptive to the electronic structure of LaFeAsO near the Fermi energy, which is heavily derived from Fe d states. This favors localization and the formation of local moments on the Fe atoms near the Zn. C1 [Zhang, Lijun; Singh, D. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zhang, LJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Zhang, Lijun/F-7710-2011; Singh, David/I-2416-2012 FU Department of Energy, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering FX We are grateful for helpful discussions with M. H. Du and C. Felser. This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. NR 42 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214530 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214530 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200105 ER PT J AU Zhang, XW Trimarchi, G d'Avezac, M Zunger, A AF Zhang, Xiuwen Trimarchi, Giancarlo d'Avezac, Mayeul Zunger, Alex TI Long-range order instead of phase separation in large lattice-mismatch isovalent AX-BX systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE ab initio calculations; barium compounds; beryllium compounds; boron compounds; enthalpy; heat of formation; III-V semiconductors; indium compounds; internal stresses; lithium compounds; long-range order; phase separation; potassium compounds; strontium compounds; wide band gap semiconductors ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; STRUCTURE PREDICTION; III-V; DIAGRAMS; LITHIUM AB Large atomic size mismatch between compounds discourages their binding into a common lattice because of the ensuing cost in strain energy. This central paradigm in the theory of isovalent alloys long used to disqualify alloys with highly mismatched components from technological use is clearly broken by the occurrence of stable spontaneous long-range order in mixtures of alkali halides with as much as 40% size mismatch (e.g., LiF-CsF). Our theoretical analysis of these failures uncovered a different design principle for stable alloys: very large atomic size mismatch can lead to spontaneous ordering if the large (small) components have the ability to raise (lower) their coordination number (CN) within the mixed phase. This heuristic design principle has led us to explore via first-principles structure search a few very largely mismatched binary systems whose components have a propensity for CN disproportionation. We find ordered structures for BeO-BaO (37% size mismatch) and BeO-SrO (30%), and ordering in LiCl-KCl (20%), whereas BN-InN (33%) is found to lower its positive formation enthalpy by similar to 60% when CN disproportionation is allowed. This new design principle could be used to explore phases unsuspected to order by the common paradigm of strain instability. C1 [Zhang, Xiuwen; Trimarchi, Giancarlo; d'Avezac, Mayeul; Zunger, Alex] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zhang, XW (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; ZHANG, XIUWEN/K-7383-2012; Trimarchi, Giancarlo/A-8225-2010; OI Trimarchi, Giancarlo/0000-0002-0365-3221; d'Avezac, Mayeul/0000-0002-2615-8397 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX A. Z. learned about ordering in highly mismatched alkali halides7 from discussions with Linus Pauling. X. Z. thanks Jennifer Chan for useful insight on the decomposition of formation enthalpies. This work was funded in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 to NREL, and in part by the Center for Inverse-Band Design of the Energy Frontier Research Center. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 241202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.241202 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200011 ER PT J AU Zheludev, A Garlea, VO Tsvelik, A Regnault, LP Habicht, K Kiefer, K Roessli, B AF Zheludev, A. Garlea, V. O. Tsvelik, A. Regnault, L. -P. Habicht, K. Kiefer, K. Roessli, B. TI Excitations from a chiral magnetized state of a frustrated quantum spin liquid SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE antiferromagnetic materials; copper compounds; frustration; magnetic structure; magnetic transitions; magnons; neutron diffraction; quasiparticles; soft modes; spin dynamics; spin systems ID LADDERS; S=1/2 AB We study excitations in weakly interacting pairs of quantum spin ladders coupled through geometrically frustrated bonds. The ground state is a disordered spin liquid that at high fields is replaced by an ordered chiral helimagnetic phase. The spectra observed by high-field inelastic neutron scattering experiments on the prototype compound Sul-Cu(2)Cl(4) are qualitatively different from those in the previously studied frustration-free spin liquids. Beyond the critical field H(c)=3.7 T, the soft mode that drives the quantum phase transition spawns two separate excitations: a gapless Goldstone mode and a massive magnon. Additional massive quasiparticles are clearly visible below H(c), but are destroyed in the ordered phase. In their place one observes a sharply bound excitation continuum. C1 [Roessli, B.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Neutron Scattering Lab, Villigen, Switzerland. [Roessli, B.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Zheludev, A.; Garlea, V. O.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Tsvelik, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Regnault, L. -P.] CEA Grenoble, INAC, SPSMS, MDN, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Habicht, K.; Kiefer, K.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. RP Zheludev, A (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Neutron Scattering Lab, Villigen, Switzerland. RI Kiefer, Klaus/J-3544-2013; Garlea, Vasile/A-4994-2016; Habicht, Klaus/K-3636-2013 OI Kiefer, Klaus/0000-0002-5178-0495; Garlea, Vasile/0000-0002-5322-7271; Habicht, Klaus/0000-0002-9915-7221 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-98 CH 10886] FX The work at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. U.S. DOE ORNL is operated by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. A. M. T. acknowledges the support from U.S. DOE under contract number DE-AC02-98 CH 10886. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 21 AR 214413 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.214413 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BK UT WOS:000273228200058 ER PT J AU Zhou, JS Goodenough, JB Yan, JQ Cheng, JG Matsubayashi, K Uwatoko, Y Ren, Y AF Zhou, J. -S. Goodenough, J. B. Yan, J. -Q. Cheng, J. -G. Matsubayashi, K. Uwatoko, Y. Ren, Y. TI Orbital hybridization in RVO3 perovskites: A high-pressure study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE dysprosium compounds; fluctuations; high-pressure solid-state phase transformations; lanthanum compounds; phonons; spin-orbit interactions; thermal conductivity; yttrium compounds ID YVO3 AB The RVO3 perovskites undergo orbital ordering and orbital-flipping transitions as well as a spin ordering transition. However, the existing model of orbital ordering fails to explain the thermal conductivity, which remains poor and glassy in the orbitally ordered phase. The phonon thermal conductivity is restored only below a first-order orbital-flipping transition. Orbital ordering induces a specific lattice distortion, which makes uniaxial pressure suitable to distinguish and verify all possible orbital and spin orderings in orthorhombic RVO3. We have made a systematic study of orbital/spin transitions in single-crystal samples of RVO3 (R=Dy, Y1-xLax) under uniaxial and hydrostatic pressure. Comparison of the uniaxial and hydrostatic pressure effects on the spin/orbital-flipping transition permits us to identify orbital fluctuations due to the hybridization of t(2) and et orbitals in the type-G orbitally ordered phase. C1 [Zhou, J. -S.; Goodenough, J. B.; Cheng, J. -G.] Univ Texas Austin, Texas Mat Inst, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Yan, J. -Q.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Matsubayashi, K.; Uwatoko, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. [Ren, Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhou, JS (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Texas Mat Inst, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM jszhou@mail.utexas.edu RI Cheng, Jinguang/A-8342-2012; Matsubayashi, Kazuyuki/F-7696-2013; OI Goodenough, John Bannister/0000-0001-9350-3034 FU NSF [DMR 0904282]; Robert A Welch foundation [F-1066]; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan [21340092] FX This work was supported by NSF (Grant No. DMR 0904282) and the Robert A Welch foundation (Grant No. F-1066) in USA and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant No. 21340092) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 22 AR 224422 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.224422 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BN UT WOS:000273228500068 ER PT J AU Abelev, BI Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Benedosso, F Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bnzarov, I Bombara, M Bonner, BE Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Burton, TP Bystersky, M Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cormier, TM Cosentino, MR Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Dash, S Daugherity, M De Silva, LC Dedovich, TG DePhillips, M Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Feng, A Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gangadharan, DR Ganti, MS Garcia-Solis, EJ Geromitsos, A Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Grube, B Guertin, SM Guimaraes, KSFF Gupta, A Gupta, N Guryn, W Haag, B Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Harris, JW He, W Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Iordanova, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jakl, P Jena, C Jin, F Jones, CL Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Khodyrev, VY Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klein, SR Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Konzer, J Kopytine, M Koralt, I Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Krus, M Kuhn, C Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, N Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Liu, L Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mohanty, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okada, H Okorokov, V Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Pile, P Planinic, M Ploskon, MA Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakai, S Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shabetai, A Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Shi, XH Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Tram, VN Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, X Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xie, W Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, Y Xu, Z Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, Y Zhong, C Zhou, J Zhu, X Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zuo, JX AF Abelev, B. I. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Anderson, B. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barannikova, O. Barnby, L. S. Baudot, J. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Benedosso, F. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bnzarov, I. Bombara, M. Bonner, B. E. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Burton, T. P. Bystersky, M. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cormier, T. M. Cosentino, M. R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Dash, S. Daugherity, M. De Silva, L. C. Dedovich, T. G. DePhillips, M. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Dunlop, J. C. Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta Efimov, L. G. Elhalhuli, E. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Erazmus, B. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Fachini, P. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Feng, A. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gaillard, L. Gangadharan, D. R. Ganti, M. S. Garcia-Solis, E. J. Geromitsos, A. Geurts, F. Ghazikhanian, V. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. Grosnick, D. Grube, B. Guertin, S. M. Guimaraes, K. S. F. F. Gupta, A. Gupta, N. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hallman, T. J. Hamed, A. Harris, J. W. He, W. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hippolyte, B. Hirsch, A. Hjort, E. Hoffman, A. M. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Hollis, R. S. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Iordanova, A. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jakl, P. Jena, C. Jin, F. Jones, C. L. Jones, P. G. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kajimoto, K. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Khodyrev, V. Yu. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Kocoloski, A. Koetke, D. D. Konzer, J. Kopytine, M. Koralt, I. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Kravtsov, V. I. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kuhn, C. Kumar, L. Kurnadi, P. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, C. -H. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, N. Li, Y. Lin, G. Lindenbaum, S. J. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, J. Liu, L. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Love, W. A. Lu, Y. Ludlam, T. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Mangotra, L. K. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. Matulenko, Yu. A. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mischke, A. Mohanty, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Netrakanti, P. K. Ng, M. J. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Okada, H. Okorokov, V. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Peitzmann, T. Perevoztchikov, V. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Phatak, S. C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Ploskon, M. A. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Ridiger, A. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Rose, A. Roy, C. Ruan, L. Russcher, M. J. Sahoo, R. Sakai, S. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarsour, M. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shabetai, A. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shi, X. -H. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Sorensen, P. Sowinski, J. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Tram, V. N. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Vigdor, S. E. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xie, W. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, Y. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zuo, J. X. CA STAR Collaboration TI Long range rapidity correlations and jet production in high energy nuclear collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; RIDGE AB The STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider presents a systematic study of high-transverse-momentum charged-di-hadron correlations at small azimuthal pair separation Delta phi in d+Au and central Au+Au collisions at s(NN)=200 GeV. Significant correlated yield for pairs with large longitudinal separation Delta eta is observed in central Au+Au collisions, in contrast to d+Au collisions. The associated yield distribution in Delta eta x Delta phi can be decomposed into a narrow jet-like peak at small angular separation which has a similar shape to that found in d+Au collisions, and a component that is narrow in Delta phi and depends only weakly on Delta eta, the "ridge." Using two systematically independent determinations of the background normalization and shape, finite ridge yield is found to persist for trigger p(t)>6 GeV/c, indicating that it is correlated with jet production. The transverse-momentum spectrum of hadrons comprising the ridge is found to be similar to that of bulk particle production in the measured range (2 < p(t)< 4 GeV/c). C1 [Abelev, B. I.; Barannikova, O.; Betts, R. R.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Iordanova, A.; Kauder, K.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Bombara, M.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Gaillard, L.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Christie, W.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ludlam, T.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Das, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Liu, H.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Biritz, B.; Cendejas, R.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Guertin, S. M.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Kurnadi, P.; Sakai, S.; Staszak, D.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, CZ-11519 Prague, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Bystersky, M.; Chaloupka, P.; Jakl, P.; Jena, C.; Kapitan, J.; Kouchpil, V.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Dash, S.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Phatak, S. C.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [He, W.; Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Sowinski, J.; Vigdor, S. E.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Baudot, J.; Hippolyte, B.; Kuhn, C.; Shabetai, A.] Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. [Bhasin, A.; Dogra, S. M.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, N.; Mangotra, L. K.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bnzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneev, R.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. [Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Chen, J. H.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kopytine, M.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Yang, Y.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Grebenyuk, O.; Hjort, E.; Jacobs, P.; Kikola, D. P.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Ploskon, M. A.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Ritter, H. G.; Rose, A.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Tram, V. N.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hoffman, A. M.; Jones, C. L.; Kocoloski, A.; Leight, W.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Sakuma, T.; Surrow, B.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Tarnowsky, T.; Wang, H.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Ridiger, A.; Strikhanov, M.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Lindenbaum, S. J.] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Benedosso, F.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Benedosso, F.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Chajecki, Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Khodyrev, V. Yu.; Kravtsov, V. I.; Matulenko, Yu. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Konzer, J.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C. -H.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Cosentino, M. R.; Guimaraes, K. S. F. F.; Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Jin, F.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shi, X. -H.; Tian, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zuo, J. X.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Geromitsos, A.; Kabana, S.; Roy, C.; Sahoo, R.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Sarsour, M.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Daugherity, M.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Kajimoto, K.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Yue, Q.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; Cormier, T. M.; De Silva, L. C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Feng, A.; Li, N.; Liu, F.; Liu, L.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/H-4587-2016; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013 OI Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/0000-0003-0578-9533; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; NR 32 TC 175 Z9 177 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 064912 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064912 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700065 ER PT J AU Ahmad, I Chasman, RR AF Ahmad, I. Chasman, R. R. TI Neutron single-particle states above the N=164 subshell in Cf-251(98) and Cm-249(96) studied by neutron transfer reactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LEVELS; ELEMENTS; NUCLEI; FM-255 AB Single-particle state assignments in Cf-251 and Cm-249 at similar to 1 MeV excitation have been deduced from cross sections previously measured for the Cf-250(d,p)Cf-251 and Cm-248(He-4,He-3)Cm-249 reactions. The assignments are supported by observed cross-section signatures and intraband level spacings. The observed energies of these single-particle states, after pairing effects are removed, are in good agreement with values calculated using a Woods-Saxon single-particle potential. Neutron level diagrams, showing level spacings as a function of nu(2),nu(4), and nu(6), are extended to include neutron orbitals above N=164. C1 [Ahmad, I.; Chasman, R. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ahmad, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank S. Zhu for his help in data analysis. We are indebted for the use of 248Cm and 250Cf to the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy, through the transplutonium element production facilities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 064315 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064315 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700025 ER PT J AU Apollonio, M Artamonov, A Bagulya, A Barr, G Blondel, A Bobisut, F Bogomilov, M Bonesini, M Booth, C Borghi, S Bunyatov, S Burguet-Castell, J Catanesi, MG Cervera-Villanueva, A Chimenti, P Coney, L Di Capua, E Dore, U Dumarchez, J Edgecock, R Ellis, M Ferri, F Gastaldi, U Giani, S Giannini, G Gibin, D Gilardoni, S Gorbunov, P Gossling, C Gomez-Cadenas, JJ Grant, A Graulich, JS Gregoire, G Grichine, V Grossheim, A Guglielmi, A Howlett, L Ivanchenko, A Ivanchenko, V Kayis-Topaksu, A Kirsanov, M Kolev, D Krasnoperov, A Martin-Albo, J Meurer, C Mezzetto, M Mills, GB Morone, MC Novella, P Orestano, D Palladino, V Panman, J Papadopoulos, I Pastore, F Piperov, S Polukhina, N Popov, B Prior, G Radicioni, E Schmitz, D Schroeter, R Skoro, G Sorel, M Tcherniaev, E Temnikov, P Tereschenko, V Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Tsenov, R Tsukerman, I Vidal-Sitjes, G Wiebusch, C Zucchelli, P AF Apollonio, M. Artamonov, A. Bagulya, A. Barr, G. Blondel, A. Bobisut, F. Bogomilov, M. Bonesini, M. Booth, C. Borghi, S. Bunyatov, S. Burguet-Castell, J. Catanesi, M. G. Cervera-Villanueva, A. Chimenti, P. Coney, L. Di Capua, E. Dore, U. Dumarchez, J. Edgecock, R. Ellis, M. Ferri, F. Gastaldi, U. Giani, S. Giannini, G. Gibin, D. Gilardoni, S. Gorbunov, P. Goessling, C. Gomez-Cadenas, J. J. Grant, A. Graulich, J. S. Gregoire, G. Grichine, V. Grossheim, A. Guglielmi, A. Howlett, L. Ivanchenko, A. Ivanchenko, V. Kayis-Topaksu, A. Kirsanov, M. Kolev, D. Krasnoperov, A. Martin-Albo, J. Meurer, C. Mezzetto, M. Mills, G. B. Morone, M. C. Novella, P. Orestano, D. Palladino, V. Panman, J. Papadopoulos, I. Pastore, F. Piperov, S. Polukhina, N. Popov, B. Prior, G. Radicioni, E. Schmitz, D. Schroeter, R. Skoro, G. Sorel, M. Tcherniaev, E. Temnikov, P. Tereschenko, V. Tonazzo, A. Tortora, L. Tsenov, R. Tsukerman, I. Vidal-Sitjes, G. Wiebusch, C. Zucchelli, P. CA HARP Collaboration TI Comparison of large-angle production of charged pions with incident protons on cylindrical long and short targets SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINO FLUX; PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION; OF-FLIGHT SYSTEM; HARP EXPERIMENT; GEV/C PROTONS; CERN PS; PHYSICS PERFORMANCE; POSITIVE PIONS; PI(+/-); CALIBRATION AB The HARP Collaboration has presented measurements of the double-differential pi(+/-) production cross section in the range of momentum 100 MeV/c <= p <= 800 MeV/c and angle 0.35 rad <=theta <= 2.15 rad with proton beams hitting thin nuclear targets. In many applications the extrapolation to long targets is necessary. In this article the analysis of data taken with long (one interaction length) solid cylindrical targets made of carbon, tantalum, and lead is presented. The data were taken with the large-acceptance HARP detector in the T9 beam line of the CERN proton synchrotron. The secondary pions were produced by beams of protons with momenta of 5, 8, and 12GeV/c. The tracking and identification of the produced particles were performed using a small-radius cylindrical time projection chamber placed inside a solenoidal magnet. Incident protons were identified by an elaborate system of beam detectors. Results are obtained for the double-differential yields per target nucleon d(2)sigma/dpd theta. The measurements are compared with predictions of the MARS and GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulations. C1 [Artamonov, A.; Giani, S.; Gilardoni, S.; Gorbunov, P.; Grant, A.; Grossheim, A.; Ivanchenko, A.; Ivanchenko, V.; Kayis-Topaksu, A.; Panman, J.; Papadopoulos, I.; Tcherniaev, E.; Tsukerman, I.; Wiebusch, C.; Zucchelli, P.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Apollonio, M.; Chimenti, P.; Giannini, G.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Apollonio, M.; Chimenti, P.; Giannini, G.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. [Bagulya, A.; Grichine, V.; Polukhina, N.] Russian Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Inst Phys FIAN, Moscow, Russia. [Barr, G.] Univ Oxford, Nucl & Astrophys Lab, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Blondel, A.; Borghi, S.; Morone, M. C.; Prior, G.; Schroeter, R.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Blondel, A.; Borghi, S.; Morone, M. C.; Prior, G.; Schroeter, R.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Bobisut, F.; Gibin, D.; Guglielmi, A.; Mezzetto, M.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. [Bobisut, F.; Gibin, D.; Guglielmi, A.; Mezzetto, M.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Bogomilov, M.; Kolev, D.; Tsenov, R.] Sofia Univ St Kliment Ohridski, Fac Phys, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Bonesini, M.; Ferri, F.] Sez INFN Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Booth, C.; Howlett, L.; Skoro, G.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Bunyatov, S.; Krasnoperov, A.; Popov, B.; Tereschenko, V.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Dubna, Russia. [Burguet-Castell, J.; Cervera-Villanueva, A.; Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Martin-Albo, J.; Novella, P.; Sorel, M.] Univ Valencia, E-46003 Valencia, Spain. [Burguet-Castell, J.; Cervera-Villanueva, A.; Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Martin-Albo, J.; Novella, P.; Sorel, M.] CSIC, IFIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Madrid, Spain. [Catanesi, M. G.; Radicioni, E.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bari, Italy. [Coney, L.; Schmitz, D.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Di Capua, E.; Vidal-Sitjes, G.] Univ Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Di Capua, E.; Vidal-Sitjes, G.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Ferrara, Italy. [Dore, U.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Dore, U.] Sez INFN Roma I, Rome, Italy. [Dumarchez, J.] Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, Paris, France. [Dumarchez, J.] Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, Paris, France. [Edgecock, R.; Ellis, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Gastaldi, U.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. [Goessling, C.] Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. [Graulich, J. S.; Gregoire, G.] UCL, Inst Phys Nucl, Louvain, Belgium. [Kirsanov, M.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Meurer, C.] Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Phys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Mills, G. B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Tonazzo, A.; Tortora, L.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. [Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Tonazzo, A.; Tortora, L.] Univ Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Palladino, V.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Palladino, V.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Naples, Italy. [Piperov, S.; Temnikov, P.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria. RP Panman, J (reprint author), CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. EM jaap.panman@cern.ch RI Booth, Christopher/B-5263-2016; Grichine, Vladimir/M-8526-2015; Tcherniaev, Evgueni/G-3453-2016; Morone, Maria Cristina/P-4407-2016; Temnikov, Petar/L-6999-2016; Skoro, Goran/F-3642-2010; Chimenti, Pietro/F-9898-2012; Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Prior, Gersende/I-8191-2013; Bagulya, Alexander/D-4273-2014; Novella, Pau/K-2845-2014; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/L-2003-2014; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014; Polukhina, Natalia/E-1610-2014 OI Prior, Gersende/0000-0002-6058-1420; Booth, Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Sorel, Michel/0000-0003-2141-9508; Martin-Albo, Justo/0000-0002-7318-1469; Schmitz, David/0000-0003-2165-7389; Tcherniaev, Evgueni/0000-0002-3685-0635; Morone, Maria Cristina/0000-0002-0200-0632; Temnikov, Petar/0000-0002-9559-3384; Chimenti, Pietro/0000-0002-9755-5066; Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Novella, Pau/0000-0002-0923-3172; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8224-7714; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045; NR 53 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 065204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.065204 PG 30 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700070 ER PT J AU Apollonio, M Artamonov, A Bagulya, A Barr, G Blondel, A Bobisut, F Bogomilov, M Bonesini, M Booth, C Borghi, S Bunyatov, S Burguet-Castell, J Catanesi, MG Cervera-Villanueva, A Chimenti, P Coney, L Di Capua, E Dore, U Dumarchez, J Edgecock, R Ellis, M Ferri, F Gastaldi, U Giani, S Giannini, G Gibin, D Gilardoni, S Gorbunov, P Gossling, C Gomez-Cadenas, JJ Grant, A Graulich, JS Gregoire, G Grichine, V Grossheim, A Guglielmi, A Howlett, L Ivanchenko, A Ivanchenko, V Kayis-Topaksu, A Kirsanov, M Kolev, D Krasnoperov, A Martin-Albo, J Meurer, C Mezzetto, M Mills, GB Morone, MC Novella, P Orestano, D Palladino, V Panman, J Papadopoulos, I Pastore, F Piperov, S Polukhina, N Popov, B Prior, G Radicioni, E Schmitz, D Schroeter, R Skoro, G Sorel, M Tcherniaev, E Temnikov, P Tereschenko, V Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Tsenov, R Tsukerman, I Vidal-Sitjes, G Wiebusch, C Zucchelli, P AF Apollonio, M. Artamonov, A. Bagulya, A. Barr, G. Blondel, A. Bobisut, F. Bogomilov, M. Bonesini, M. Booth, C. Borghi, S. Bunyatov, S. Burguet-Castell, J. Catanesi, M. G. Cervera-Villanueva, A. Chimenti, P. Coney, L. Di Capua, E. Dore, U. Dumarchez, J. Edgecock, R. Ellis, M. Ferri, F. Gastaldi, U. Giani, S. Giannini, G. Gibin, D. Gilardoni, S. Gorbunov, P. Goessling, C. Gomez-Cadenas, J. J. Grant, A. Graulich, J. S. Gregoire, G. Grichine, V. Grossheim, A. Guglielmi, A. Howlett, L. Ivanchenko, A. Ivanchenko, V. Kayis-Topaksu, A. Kirsanov, M. Kolev, D. Krasnoperov, A. Martin-Albo, J. Meurer, C. Mezzetto, M. Mills, G. B. Morone, M. C. Novella, P. Orestano, D. Palladino, V. Panman, J. Papadopoulos, I. Pastore, F. Piperov, S. Polukhina, N. Popov, B. Prior, G. Radicioni, E. Schmitz, D. Schroeter, R. Skoro, G. Sorel, M. Tcherniaev, E. Temnikov, P. Tereschenko, V. Tonazzo, A. Tortora, L. Tsenov, R. Tsukerman, I. Vidal-Sitjes, G. Wiebusch, C. Zucchelli, P. CA HARP Collaboration TI Large-angle production of charged pions with incident pion beams on nuclear targets SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINO FLUX; PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION; OF-FLIGHT SYSTEM; HARP EXPERIMENT; GEV/C PROTONS; CERN PS; POSITIVE PIONS; PERFORMANCE; PI(+/-); CALIBRATION AB Measurements of the double-differential pi(+/-) production cross section in the range of momentum 100 <= p <= 800 MeV/c and angle 0.35 <=theta <= 2.15 rad using pi(+/-) beams incident on beryllium, aluminum, carbon, copper, tin, tantalum, and lead targets are presented. The data were taken with the large-acceptance hadron production (HARP) detector in the T9 beam line of the CERN Proton Synchrotron. The secondary pions were produced by beams in a momentum range from 3 to 12.9GeV/c hitting a solid target with a thickness of 5% of a nuclear interaction length. The tracking and identification of the produced particles was performed using a small-radius cylindrical time projection chamber placed inside a solenoidal magnet. Incident particles were identified by an elaborate system of beam detectors. Results are obtained for the double-differential cross sections d(2)sigma/dp d theta at six incident-beam momenta. Data at 3,5,8, and 12GeV/c are available for all targets, while additional data at 8.9 and 12.9GeV/c were taken in positive particle beams on Be and Al targets, respectively. The measurements are compared with several generators of GEANT4 and the MARS Monte Carlo simulation. C1 [Artamonov, A.; Giani, S.; Gilardoni, S.; Gorbunov, P.; Grant, A.; Grossheim, A.; Ivanchenko, A.; Ivanchenko, V.; Kayis-Topaksu, A.; Panman, J.; Papadopoulos, I.; Tcherniaev, E.; Tsukerman, I.; Wiebusch, C.; Zucchelli, P.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Apollonio, M.; Chimenti, P.; Giannini, G.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Apollonio, M.; Chimenti, P.; Giannini, G.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. [Bagulya, A.; Grichine, V.; Polukhina, N.] Russian Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Inst Phys FIAN, Moscow, Russia. [Barr, G.] Univ Oxford, Nucl & Astrophys Lab, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Blondel, A.; Borghi, S.; Morone, M. C.; Prior, G.; Schroeter, R.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Bobisut, F.; Gibin, D.; Guglielmi, A.; Mezzetto, M.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. [Bobisut, F.; Gibin, D.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Bogomilov, M.; Kolev, D.; Tsenov, R.] Sofia Univ St Kliment Ohridski, Fac Phys, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Bonesini, M.; Ferri, F.] Sez INFN Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Booth, C.; Howlett, L.; Skoro, G.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Bunyatov, S.; Krasnoperov, A.; Popov, B.; Tereschenko, V.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Burguet-Castell, J.; Cervera-Villanueva, A.; Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Martin-Albo, J.; Novella, P.; Sorel, M.] CSIC, IFIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Madrid, Spain. [Burguet-Castell, J.; Cervera-Villanueva, A.; Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Martin-Albo, J.; Novella, P.; Sorel, M.] Univ Valencia, E-46003 Valencia, Spain. [Catanesi, M. G.; Radicioni, E.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bari, Italy. [Coney, L.; Schmitz, D.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Di Capua, E.; Vidal-Sitjes, G.] Univ Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Di Capua, E.; Vidal-Sitjes, G.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Ferrara, Italy. [Dore, U.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Dore, U.] Sez INFN Roma I, Rome, Italy. [Dumarchez, J.] Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, Paris, France. [Dumarchez, J.] Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, Paris, France. [Edgecock, R.; Ellis, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Gastaldi, U.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. [Goessling, C.] Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. [Graulich, J. S.; Gregoire, G.] UCL, Inst Phys Nucl, Louvain, Belgium. [Kirsanov, M.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Meurer, C.] Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Phys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Mills, G. B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Tonazzo, A.; Tortora, L.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. [Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Tonazzo, A.] Univ Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Palladino, V.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Palladino, V.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Naples, Italy. [Piperov, S.; Temnikov, P.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria. RP Panman, J (reprint author), CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. EM jaap.panman@cern.ch RI Novella, Pau/K-2845-2014; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/L-2003-2014; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014; Polukhina, Natalia/E-1610-2014; Grichine, Vladimir/M-8526-2015; Tcherniaev, Evgueni/G-3453-2016; Morone, Maria Cristina/P-4407-2016; Temnikov, Petar/L-6999-2016; Skoro, Goran/F-3642-2010; Chimenti, Pietro/F-9898-2012; Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Prior, Gersende/I-8191-2013; Bagulya, Alexander/D-4273-2014; Booth, Christopher/B-5263-2016; OI Novella, Pau/0000-0002-0923-3172; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8224-7714; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045; Tcherniaev, Evgueni/0000-0002-3685-0635; Morone, Maria Cristina/0000-0002-0200-0632; Temnikov, Petar/0000-0002-9559-3384; Chimenti, Pietro/0000-0002-9755-5066; Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Prior, Gersende/0000-0002-6058-1420; Booth, Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Sorel, Michel/0000-0003-2141-9508; Martin-Albo, Justo/0000-0002-7318-1469; Schmitz, David/0000-0003-2165-7389 FU Institut Interuniversitaire des Sciences Nucleaires; Interuniversitair Instituut voor Kernwetenschappen (Belgium); Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia [FPA2003-06921-c02-02]; Generalitat Valenciana [GV00-054-1]; CERN (Geneva, Switzerland); German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (Germany); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italy); INR RAS (Moscow); Russian Foundation for Basic Research [08-02-00018]; Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (UK); Swiss National Science Foundation; Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation FX We gratefully acknowledge the help and support of the PS beam staff and the numerous technical collaborators who contributed to the detector design, construction, commissioning, and operation. In particular, we thank G. Barichello, R. Brocard, K. Burin, V. Carassiti, F. Chignoli, D. Conventi, G. Decreuse, M. Delattre, C. Detraz, A. Domeniconi, M. Dwuznik, F. Evangelisti, B. Friend, A. Iaciofano, I. Krasin, D. Lacroix, J.-C. Legrand, M. Lobello, M. Lollo, J. Loquet, F. Marinilli, J. Mulon, L. Musa, R. Nicholson, A. Pepato, P. Petev, X. Pons, I. Rusinov, M. Scandurra, E. Usenko, and R. van der Vlugt for their support in the construction of the detector. The Collaboration acknowledges themajor contributions and advice of M. Baldo-Ceolin, L. Linssen, M. T. Muciaccia, and A. Pullia during the construction of the experiment. The Collaboration is indebted to V. Ableev, P. Arce, F. Bergsma, P. Binko, E. Boter, C. Buttar, M. Calvi, M. Campanelli, C. Cavion, A. Chukanov, A. De Min, M. Doucet, D. Dullmann, R. Engel, V. Ermilova, W. Flegel, P. Gruber, Y. Hayato, P. Hodgson, A. Ichikawa, I. Kato, O. Klimov, T. Kobayashi, D. Kustov, M. Laveder, M. Mass, H. Meinhard, T. Nakaya, K. Nishikawa, M. Paganoni, F. Paleari, M. Pasquali, J. Pasternak, C. Pattison, M. Placentino, S. Robbins, G. Santin, V. Serdiouk, S. Simone, A. Tornero, S. Troquereau, S. Ueda, A. Valassi, F. Vannucci, and K. Zuber for their contributions to the experiment and to P. Dini for help in MC production. We acknowledge the contributions of V. Ammosov, G. Chelkov, D. Dedovich, F. Dydak, M. Gostkin, A. Guskov, D. Khartchenko, V. Koreshev, Z. Kroumchtein, I. Nefedov, A. Semak, J. Wotschack, V. Zaets, and A. Zhemchugov to the work described in this paper. The experiment was made possible by grants from the Institut Interuniversitaire des Sciences Nucleaires and the Interuniversitair Instituut voor Kernwetenschappen (Belgium), Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Grant FPA2003-06921-c02- 02, and Generalitat Valenciana, Grant GV00-054-1, CERN (Geneva, Switzerland), the German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (Germany), the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italy), INR RAS (Moscow), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant 08-02-00018) and the Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (UK). We gratefully acknowledge their support. This work was supported in part by the Swiss National Science Foundation and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation in the framework of the program SCOPES - Scientific co-operation between Eastern Europe and Switzerland. NR 55 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 065207 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.065207 PG 25 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700073 ER PT J AU Bender, M Bennaceur, K Duguet, T Heenen, PH Lesinski, T Meyer, J AF Bender, M. Bennaceur, K. Duguet, T. Heenen, P. -H. Lesinski, T. Meyer, J. TI Tensor part of the Skyrme energy density functional. II. Deformation properties of magic and semi-magic nuclei SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-STAR DENSITIES; SUBSHELL CLOSURE; SELF-CONSISTENT; MASS REGION; SHAPE COEXISTENCE; 0(+) STATES; ZR NUCLEI; ISOTOPES; ZR-96; IDENTIFICATION AB We study systematically the impact of the time-even tensor terms of the Skyrme energy density functional, i.e., terms bilinear in the spin-current tensor density, on deformation properties of closed-shell nuclei corresponding to 20,28,40,50,82, and 126 neutron or proton shell closures. We compare results obtained with three different families of Skyrme parametrizations whose tensor terms have been adjusted on properties of spherical nuclei: (i) TIJ interactions proposed in the first article of this series [T. Lesinski , Phys. Rev. C 76, 014312 (2007)] that were constructed through a complete readjustment of the rest of the functional and (ii) parametrizations whose tensor terms have been added perturbatively to existing Skyrme interactions, with or without readjusting the spin-orbit coupling constant. We analyze in detail the mechanisms at play behind the impact of tensor terms on deformation properties and how studying the latter can help screen out unrealistic parametrizations. It is expected that findings of the present article are to a large extent independent of remaining deficiencies of the central and spin-orbit interactions and will be of great value for the construction of future, improved energy functionals. C1 [Bender, M.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Bender, M.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Bennaceur, K.; Lesinski, T.; Meyer, J.] Univ Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France. [Bennaceur, K.; Lesinski, T.; Meyer, J.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Duguet, T.] Ctr Etud Saclay, SPhN, CEA, F-911191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Duguet, T.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Duguet, T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Heenen, P. -H.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, PNTPM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Lesinski, T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Lesinski, T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bender, M (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. RI Bender, Michael/B-9004-2009; Bennaceur, Karim/O-1680-2016 OI Bennaceur, Karim/0000-0002-6722-491X FU "Interuniversity Attraction Pole" (IUAP) of the Belgian Scientific Policy Office [P6/23]; US National Science Foundation [PHY-0456903]; US Department of Energy (University of Tennessee) [DE-FG02-96ER40963, DE-FG02-07ER41529, DE-AC0500OR22725] FX This work was supported by the "Interuniversity Attraction Pole" (IUAP) of the Belgian Scientific Policy Office under project P6/23; by the US National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-0456903, and by the US Department of Energy under Contract Nos. DE-FG02-96ER40963, DE-FG02-07ER41529 (University of Tennessee), and DE-AC0500OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC (Oak Ridge National Laboratory). NR 85 TC 85 Z9 88 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 064302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064302 PG 30 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700012 ER PT J AU Blaschke, D Sandin, F Klahn, T Berdermann, J AF Blaschke, D. Sandin, F. Klahn, T. Berdermann, J. TI Sequential deconfinement of quark flavors in neutron stars SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DIRAC-BRUECKNER APPROACH; R-MODE INSTABILITY; EQUATION-OF-STATE; NUCLEAR-MATTER; STRANGE STARS; COLOR SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; BULK VISCOSITY; CONDENSATION; 4U-1636-536 AB A scenario is suggested in which the three light quark flavors are sequentially deconfined under increasing pressure in cold asymmetric nuclear matter as found, for example, in neutron stars. The basis for this analysis is a chiral quark matter model of Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) type with diquark pairing in the spin-1 single-flavor, spin-0 two-flavor, and three-flavor channels. Nucleon dissociation sets in at about the saturation density, n(0), when the down-quark Fermi sea is populated (d-quark drip line) because of the flavor asymmetry induced by beta equilibrium and charge neutrality. At about 3n(0), u-quarks appear and a two-flavor color superconducting (2SC) phase is formed. The s-quark Fermi sea is populated only at still higher baryon density, when the quark chemical potential is of the order of the dynamically generated strange quark mass. Two different hybrid equations of state (EOSs) are constructed using the Dirac-Brueckner Hartree-Fock (DBHF) approach and the EOS of Shen [H. Shen, H. Toki, K. Oyamatsu, and K. Sumiyoshi, Nucl. Phys. A637, 435 (1998)] in the nuclear matter sector. The corresponding hybrid star sequences have maximum masses of 2.1 and 2.0 M-circle dot, respectively. Two- and three-flavor quark-matter phases exist only in gravitationally unstable hybrid star solutions in the DBHF case, whereas the Shen-based EOSs produce stable configurations with a 2SC phase component in the core of massive stars. Nucleon dissociation via d-quark drip could act as a deep crustal heating process, which apparently is required to explain superbursts and cooling of x-ray transients. C1 [Blaschke, D.; Klahn, T.] Univ Wroclaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-50204 Wroclaw, Poland. [Blaschke, D.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Bogoliubov Lab Theoret Phys, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. [Sandin, F.] Univ Liege, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Sandin, F.] Lulea Univ Technol, EISLAB, S-97187 Lulea, Sweden. [Klahn, T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Berdermann, J.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. RP Blaschke, D (reprint author), Univ Wroclaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-50204 Wroclaw, Poland. EM blaschke@ift.uni.wroc.pl; fredrik.sandin@gmail.com; thomas@ift.uni.wroc.pl; jens.berdermann@desy.de FU Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [N N 202 0953 33, N N 202 2318 37]; Russian Fund for Basic Research [08-02-01003-a]; Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS); CompStar, a Research Networking Programme of the European Science Foundation FX D. B. is supported in part by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education under Grants No. N N 202 0953 33 and N N 202 2318 37 and by the Russian Fund for Basic Research under Grant No. 08-02-01003-a. T. K. is grateful for partial support from the Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The work of F. S. was supported by the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS). D. B. and F. S. acknowledge support from CompStar, a Research Networking Programme of the European Science Foundation. NR 62 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 065807 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.065807 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700084 ER PT J AU Chipps, KA Bardayan, DW Nesaraja, CD Smith, MS Blackmon, JC Chae, KY Moazen, BH Pittman, ST Greife, U Hatarik, R Peters, WA Kozub, RL Shriner, JF Matei, C Pain, SD AF Chipps, K. A. Bardayan, D. W. Nesaraja, C. D. Smith, M. S. Blackmon, J. C. Chae, K. Y. Moazen, B. H. Pittman, S. T. Greife, U. Hatarik, R. Peters, W. A. Kozub, R. L. Shriner, J. F., Jr. Matei, C. Pain, S. D. TI The F-17(p,gamma)Ne-18 resonant cross section SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DARESBURY RECOIL SEPARATOR; HOT CNO CYCLE; NE-20(P,T)NE-18 REACTION; NOVA NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; ENERGY LEVELS; NE-18; F-17(P; SHELL; STATE AB We directly measure the F-17(p,gamma)Ne-18 resonant reaction using a mixed beam of F-17 and O-17 at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The astrophysically important 3(+) resonance at similar to 600 keV above the proton threshold in Ne-18 is found to have a partial width Gamma(gamma)=56 +/- 24(stat)+/- 30(sys) meV, in reasonable agreement with the theoretically predicted width. A 2 sigma upper limit on the direct capture of S(E)<= 65 keV b is determined at an energy of 800 keV. Experimental techniques and astrophysical implications are discussed. C1 [Chipps, K. A.; Greife, U.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Chipps, K. A.; Hatarik, R.; Peters, W. A.] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Bardayan, D. W.; Nesaraja, C. D.; Smith, M. S.; Pain, S. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Blackmon, J. C.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Chae, K. Y.; Moazen, B. H.; Pittman, S. T.; Pain, S. D.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kozub, R. L.; Shriner, J. F., Jr.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Matei, C.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Chipps, KA (reprint author), Univ York, Heslington YO10 5DD, England. RI Pain, Steven/E-1188-2011; Peters, William/B-3214-2012; Matei, Catalin/B-2586-2008 OI Chipps, Kelly/0000-0003-3050-1298; Pain, Steven/0000-0003-3081-688X; Peters, William/0000-0002-3022-4924; Matei, Catalin/0000-0002-2254-3853 FU US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-FG03-93ER40789, DE-FG02-96ER40990, DE-FG0296ER40955] FX ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. This work was also supported in part by the US DOE under Contract DE-FG03-93ER40789 with the Colorado School of Mines and Contracts DE-FG02-96ER40990 and DE-FG0296ER40955 with Tennessee Technological University. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 065810 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.065810 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700087 ER PT J AU Coquard, L Pietralla, N Ahn, T Rainovski, G Bettermann, L Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Leske, J Lister, CJ Moller, O Rother, W Werner, V Zhu, S AF Coquard, L. Pietralla, N. Ahn, T. Rainovski, G. Bettermann, L. Carpenter, M. P. Janssens, R. V. F. Leske, J. Lister, C. J. Moeller, O. Rother, W. Werner, V. Zhu, S. TI Robust test of E(5) symmetry in Xe-128 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEI; EXCITATIONS; DECAY AB Low-lying collectively excited states of Xe-128 were investigated by gamma-ray spectroscopy following the C-12(Xe-128,Xe-128(*))C-12 projectile Coulomb excitation reaction. Nineteen absolute E2 transition strengths were obtained including the first measurement of the critical B(E2) decays from the second and third J(pi)=0(+) states. These data are compared with the theoretical predictions of the critical point symmetry E(5) and allow us to conclude that Xe-128 is not an E(5) nucleus as previously suggested, leaving Xe-130 as the most likely candidate among the Xe isotopes. C1 [Coquard, L.; Pietralla, N.; Ahn, T.; Leske, J.; Moeller, O.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. [Ahn, T.; Werner, V.] Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Rainovski, G.] St Kliment Ohridski Univ Sofia, Fac Phys, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria. [Bettermann, L.; Rother, W.] Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphys, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Carpenter, M. P.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Lister, C. J.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Coquard, L (reprint author), Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, Petersenstr 30, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Ahn, Tan/C-9158-2016; Rainovski, Georgi/A-3450-2008; Werner, Volker/C-1181-2017 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Ahn, Tan/0000-0003-2249-7399; Rainovski, Georgi/0000-0002-1729-0249; Werner, Volker/0000-0003-4001-0150 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DFG [Pi 393/2-1, SFB 634]; German-Bulgarian exchange program [D/08/02055, DO02-25]; Helmholtz International Center; Bulgarian NSF [DO 02-219] FX We would like to thank the staff at ANL for their support during the experiments and A. Poves, F. Iachello, J. Jolie, A. Dewald, and P. von Brentano for discussions. Thisworkwas partially supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357, by the DFG under Grant Nos. Pi 393/2-1 and SFB 634, by the German-Bulgarian exchange program under Grant Nos. D/08/02055 and DO02-25, and by the Helmholtz International Center for FAIR. G. R. acknowledges support from the Bulgarian NSF under contract DO 02-219. NR 24 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 061304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.061304 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700004 ER PT J AU Garnsworthy, AB Regan, PH Pietri, S Sun, Y Xu, FR Rudolph, D Gorska, M Caceres, L Podolyak, Z Steer, SJ Hoischen, R Heinz, A Becker, F Bednarczyk, P Doornenbal, P Geissel, H Gerl, J Grawe, H Grebosz, J Kelic, A Kojouharov, I Kurz, N Montes, F Prokopwicz, W Saito, T Schaffner, H Tachenov, S Werner-Malento, E Wollersheim, HJ Benzoni, G Blank, B Brandau, C Bruce, AM Camera, F Catford, WN Cullen, IJ Dombradi, Z Estevez, E Gelletly, W Ilie, G Jolie, J Jones, GA Jungclaus, A Kmiecik, M Kondev, FG Kurtukian-Nieto, T Lalkovski, S Liu, Z Maj, A Myalski, S Pfutzner, M Schwertel, S Shizuma, T Simons, AJ Walker, PM Wieland, O AF Garnsworthy, A. B. Regan, P. H. Pietri, S. Sun, Y. Xu, F. R. Rudolph, D. Gorska, M. Caceres, L. Podolyak, Zs. Steer, S. J. Hoischen, R. Heinz, A. Becker, F. Bednarczyk, P. Doornenbal, P. Geissel, H. Gerl, J. Grawe, H. Grebosz, J. Kelic, A. Kojouharov, I. Kurz, N. Montes, F. Prokopwicz, W. Saito, T. Schaffner, H. Tachenov, S. Werner-Malento, E. Wollersheim, H. J. Benzoni, G. Blank, B. Brandau, C. Bruce, A. M. Camera, F. Catford, W. N. Cullen, I. J. Dombradi, Zs. Estevez, E. Gelletly, W. Ilie, G. Jolie, J. Jones, G. A. Jungclaus, A. Kmiecik, M. Kondev, F. G. Kurtukian-Nieto, T. Lalkovski, S. Liu, Z. Maj, A. Myalski, S. Pfuetzner, M. Schwertel, S. Shizuma, T. Simons, A. J. Walker, P. M. Wieland, O. TI Isomeric states in neutron-deficient A similar to 80-90 nuclei populated in the fragmentation of Ag-107 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-IONS; PROTON DRIP-LINE; RISING CAMPAIGN; HIGH-SPIN; EXCITED-STATES; T-Z=1 NUCLEI; SHELL-MODEL; RP-PROCESS; SYSTEMATICS; DECAY AB The relativistic projectile fragmentation of a 750 MeV per nucleon beam of Ag-107 was used to populate isomeric states in neutron-deficient nuclei around A=80-90. Reaction products were separated and unambiguously identified using the GSI FRagment Separator (FRS) and its ancillary detectors. At the final focal plane, the fragments were slowed from relativistic energies by means of an aluminium degrader and implanted in a passive stopper in the center of the high-efficiency, high-granularity Stopped Rare Isotope Spectroscopic INvestigation at GSI (RISING) germanium array. This allowed the identification of excited states in the N=Z nuclei Tc-86(43) and, for the first time, Nb-82(41). Isomeric states have also been identified for the first time in Tc-87,Tc-88, and a previously unreported isomer was observed in Nb-84. Experimental results are presented along with a discussion on the structure of these nuclei based on interpretations provided by several theoretical models. C1 [Garnsworthy, A. B.; Regan, P. H.; Pietri, S.; Podolyak, Zs.; Steer, S. J.; Brandau, C.; Catford, W. N.; Cullen, I. J.; Gelletly, W.; Jones, G. A.; Liu, Z.; Shizuma, T.; Simons, A. J.; Walker, P. M.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. [Garnsworthy, A. B.; Heinz, A.] Yale Univ, WNSL, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Sun, Y.] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Xu, F. R.] Peking Univ, Dept Tech Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Rudolph, D.; Hoischen, R.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Gorska, M.; Caceres, L.; Hoischen, R.; Becker, F.; Bednarczyk, P.; Doornenbal, P.; Geissel, H.; Gerl, J.; Grawe, H.; Grebosz, J.; Kelic, A.; Kojouharov, I.; Kurz, N.; Montes, F.; Prokopwicz, W.; Saito, T.; Schaffner, H.; Tachenov, S.; Wollersheim, H. J.] GSI, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Caceres, L.; Jungclaus, A.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Teor, E-28050 Madrid, Spain. [Bednarczyk, P.; Grebosz, J.; Kmiecik, M.; Maj, A.; Myalski, S.] Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Werner-Malento, E.; Pfuetzner, M.] Warsaw Univ, IEP, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Benzoni, G.; Camera, F.; Wieland, O.] Univ Milan, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Benzoni, G.; Camera, F.; Wieland, O.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Blank, B.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Bruce, A. M.; Lalkovski, S.] Univ Brighton, Sch Environm & Technol, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. [Dombradi, Zs.] Inst Nucl Res, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. [Estevez, E.; Kurtukian-Nieto, T.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, E-15705 Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Ilie, G.; Jolie, J.] Univ Cologne, IKP, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Ilie, G.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Jungclaus, A.] CSIC, Inst Estructura Mat, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. [Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lalkovski, S.] Univ Sofia St Kliment Ohridsk, Fac Phys, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Schwertel, S.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-80290 Munich, Germany. [Shizuma, T.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Kizu, Kyoto 6190215, Japan. [Simons, A. J.] Atom Weap Estab, Aldermaston RG7 4PR, Berks, England. RP Garnsworthy, AB (reprint author), TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. EM garns@triumf.ca RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Gerl, Juergen/A-3255-2011; Wieland, Oliver/G-1784-2011; Dombradi, Zsolt/B-3743-2012; Xu, Furong/K-4178-2013; Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Kurtukian-Nieto, Teresa/J-1707-2014; Bruce, Alison/K-7663-2016; Sun, Yang/P-2417-2015 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; Kurtukian-Nieto, Teresa/0000-0002-0028-0220; Bruce, Alison/0000-0003-2871-0517; FU EPSRC (UK); STFC (UK); The Swedish Research Council; The Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [P03B03030, N N202 309135]; Bulgarian Science Fund [VUF06/05]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-91ER-40609, DE-AC0206CH11357]; Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia [FPA2005-00696, FPA2007-66069]; German Federal Ministry of Education; Hungarian Scientific Research Fund [K68801, 06KY205I]; EURONS (European Commision) [506065]; Chinese Major State Basic Development Program [2007CB815005]; Natural Science Foundation of China [10875077]; AWE plc; Nexia Solutions Ltd, BNFL FX The excellent work of the GSI accelerator and ion source technical staff is gratefully acknowledged. This work was sponsored by the EPSRC (UK) and STFC (UK), The Swedish Research Council, The Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Grant Nos. P03B03030 and N N202 309135), the Bulgarian Science Fund VUF06/05, the US Department of Energy (Grant Nos. DE-FG02-91ER-40609 and DE-AC0206CH11357), the Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia (Project Nos. FPA2005-00696 and FPA2007-66069), the German Federal Ministry of Education, the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (Contract No. K68801), research under Grant No. 06KY205I, and EURONS (European Commision Contract No. 506065). Y. S. acknowledges funding from the Chinese Major State Basic Development Program through Grant No. 2007CB815005 and the Natural Science Foundation of China under Contract No. 10875077. P. M. W. acknowledges funding from the AWE plc. A. B. G. would also like to thank Nexia Solutions Ltd, a subsidiary of BNFL, for financial support. NR 59 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 064303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064303 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700013 ER PT J AU Kamano, H Julia-Diaz, B Lee, TSH Matsuyama, A Sato, T AF Kamano, H. Julia-Diaz, B. Lee, T. -S. H. Matsuyama, A. Sato, T. TI Double and single pion photoproduction within a dynamical coupled-channels model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEON RESONANCE REGION; MESON PRODUCTION; EXCITATION; PROTON AB Within a dynamical coupled-channels model that has already been fixed by analyzing the data of the pi N ->pi N and gamma N ->pi N reactions, we present the predicted double pion photoproduction cross sections up to the second resonance region, W < 1.7 GeV. The roles played by the different mechanisms within our model in determining both the single and double pion photoproduction reactions are analyzed, focusing on the effects attributable to the direct gamma N ->pi pi N mechanism, the interplay between the resonant and nonresonant amplitudes, and the coupled-channels effects. The model parameters that can be determined most effectively in the combined studies of both the single and double pion photoproduction data are identified for future studies. C1 [Kamano, H.; Julia-Diaz, B.; Lee, T. -S. H.; Matsuyama, A.; Sato, T.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, EBAC, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Julia-Diaz, B.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Julia-Diaz, B.] Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Lee, T. -S. H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Matsuyama, A.] Shizuoka Univ, Dept Phys, Shizuoka 4228529, Japan. [Sato, T.] Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5600043, Japan. RP Kamano, H (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, EBAC, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RI Julia-Diaz, Bruno/E-5825-2010 OI Julia-Diaz, Bruno/0000-0002-0145-6734 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics Division [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Jefferson Science Associates [DE-AC05-06OR23177]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [20540270]; CPAN Consolider INGENIO CSD 2007-0042 (Spain) [FIS2008-1661]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors thank Dr. V. Mokeev for sending the invariant mass distribution data from CLAS. This work is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics Division, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 and Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, under which Jefferson Science Associates operates the Jefferson Lab; by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C) 20540270; and by a CPAN Consolider INGENIO CSD 2007-0042 Contract and Grant No. FIS2008-1661 (Spain). This work used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 24 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 065203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.065203 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700069 ER PT J AU Kisiel, A Brown, DA AF Kisiel, A. Brown, D. A. TI Efficient and robust calculation of femtoscopic correlation functions in spherical harmonics directly from the raw pairs measured in heavy-ion collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DECONVOLUTION AB We present the formalism for calculating the femtoscopic correlation function directly in spherical harmonics. The numerator and denominator are stored as a set of one-dimensional histograms representing the spherical harmonic decompositions of each. We present the formalism to calculate the correlation function from them directly, without going to any three-dimensional histogram. We discuss the practical implementation of the method and we provide an example of its use. We also discuss the stability of the method in the presence of angular holes in the underlying data (e.g., from experimental acceptance). C1 [Kisiel, A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Brown, D. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kisiel, A (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; US NSF [PHY-0653432] FX The authors thank Andrew Glenn for his careful reading of the manuscript. This work performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344 and US NSF Grant No. PHY-0653432. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 064911 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064911 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700064 ER PT J AU Ollier, J Simpson, J Wang, X Riley, MA Aguilar, A Teal, C Paul, ES Nolan, PJ Petri, M Rigby, SV Thomson, J Unsworth, C Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Zhu, S Hartley, DJ Darby, IG Ragnarsson, I AF Ollier, J. Simpson, J. Wang, X. Riley, M. A. Aguilar, A. Teal, C. Paul, E. S. Nolan, P. J. Petri, M. Rigby, S. V. Thomson, J. Unsworth, C. Carpenter, M. P. Janssens, R. V. F. Kondev, F. G. Lauritsen, T. Zhu, S. Hartley, D. J. Darby, I. G. Ragnarsson, I. TI Ultrahigh-spin spectroscopy of Er-159,Er-160: Observation of triaxial strongly deformed structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE-HOLE EXCITATIONS; HIGH ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; WOBBLING EXCITATIONS; ROTATIONAL BANDS; NUCLEI; SUPERDEFORMATION; SHAPES; ER-160; MODE AB Three weakly populated high-spin rotational bands associated with the gamma decay of Er-159 and Er-160 were observed in fusion-evaporation reactions involving a beam of Ca-48 at an energy of 215 MeV incident on a Cd-116 target. The gamma decays were detected using the highly efficient Gammasphere spectrometer. The discovery of these bands, which extend discrete-line spectroscopy in these nuclei to ultrahigh spin of similar to 60h, is consistent with recent observations of high-spin collective structures in isotopes of Er, Yb, and Tm around N=90. Cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations suggest that these bands may arise from well-deformed triaxial configurations with either positive or negative gamma deformation. C1 [Ollier, J.; Simpson, J.] STFC Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. [Wang, X.; Riley, M. A.; Aguilar, A.; Teal, C.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Paul, E. S.; Nolan, P. J.; Petri, M.; Rigby, S. V.; Thomson, J.; Unsworth, C.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Carpenter, M. P.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Kondev, F. G.; Lauritsen, T.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Carpenter, M. P.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Kondev, F. G.; Lauritsen, T.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hartley, D. J.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Darby, I. G.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ragnarsson, I.] Lund Univ, LTH, Div Math Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Ollier, J (reprint author), STFC Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Petri, Marina/H-4630-2016 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Petri, Marina/0000-0002-3740-6106 FU United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council; State of Florida; National Science Foundation [PHY-0554762]; US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-96ER40963]; Swedish Science Research Council FX We thank Paul Morrall from STFC Daresbury Laboratory for preparing the targets and the staff at Argonne National Laboratory for their excellent support. This work is supported by the United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council, the State of Florida, the National Science Foundation under Contract No. PHY-0554762, the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract Nos. DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-FG02-96ER40963, and the Swedish Science Research Council. NR 37 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 064322 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064322 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700032 ER PT J AU Rzaca-Urban, T Genevey, J Materna, T Urban, W Smith, AG Pinston, JA Simpson, GS Sadowski, MP Koster, U Faust, H Bail, A Mathieu, L Serot, O Michel-Sendis, F Ahmad, I AF Rzaca-Urban, T. Genevey, J. Materna, T. Urban, W. Smith, A. G. Pinston, J. A. Simpson, G. S. Sadowski, M. P. Koester, U. Faust, H. Bail, A. Mathieu, L. Serot, O. Michel-Sendis, F. Ahmad, I. TI Near-yrast structure of Cs-142 and Cs-144 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-RICH; OCTUPOLE DEFORMATION; SPONTANEOUS FISSION; ROTATIONAL BANDS; 1ST OBSERVATION; EXCITED-STATES; LARGE ARRAYS; HEAVY-IONS; EXCITATIONS; PRODUCTS AB Excited states in Cs-142 and Cs-144, populated in the spontaneous fission of Cm-248 and Cf-252 and in thermal neutron-induced fission of U-235 and Am-242 were studied by means of gamma spectroscopy using the EUROGAM2 and Gammasphere multidetector Ge arrays and the LOHENGRIN fission-fragment separator, respectively. In Cs-142, a band and an isomer with a half-life of T-1/2=11(3) ns have been identified. Spins and parities have been proposed for excited levels in this nucleus. In Cs-144 excited levels have been observed. A T-1/2=1.1(1) mu s isomer was found with a gamma cascade, which probably feeds this isomer. There is also an indication of a nanosecond isomer in Cs-144. Quasiparticle-rotor model calculations done in this work allowed proton-neutron configurations to be proposed for levels in Cs-142 and Cs-144. C1 [Rzaca-Urban, T.; Urban, W.; Sadowski, M. P.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Genevey, J.; Pinston, J. A.; Simpson, G. S.] Univ Grenoble 1, LPSC, CNRS, Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble,IN2P3, F-38026 Grenoble, France. [Materna, T.; Urban, W.; Simpson, G. S.; Koester, U.; Faust, H.] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. [Smith, A. G.] Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Bail, A.; Mathieu, L.; Serot, O.] CEN Cadarache, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. [Michel-Sendis, F.] CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Ahmad, I.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Rzaca-Urban, T (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Ulica Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DEAC-02-06CH11357] FX This work was partly supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DEAC-02-06CH11357. The authors are indebted to the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy, for the use of 248Cm through the transplutonium element production facilities at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 064317 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064317 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700027 ER PT J AU Williams, M Applegate, D Bellis, M Meyer, CA Adhikari, KP Anghinolfi, M Baghdasaryan, H Ball, J Battaglieri, M Bedlinskiy, I Berman, BL Biselli, AS Briscoe, WJ Brooks, WK Burkert, VD Careccia, SL Carman, DS Cole, PL Collins, P Crede, V D'Angelo, A Daniel, A De Vita, R De Sanctis, E Deur, A Dey, B Dhamija, S Dickson, R Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dugger, M Dupre, R El Alaoui, A Elouadrhiri, L Eugenio, P Fedotov, G Fegan, S Fradi, A Gabrielyan, MY Garcon, M Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Girod, FX Gohn, W Golovatch, E Gothe, RW Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guler, N Guo, L Hafidi, K Hakobyan, H Hanretty, C Hassall, N Hicks, K Holtrop, M Ilieva, Y Ireland, DG Ishkhanov, BS Isupov, EL Jawalkar, SS Jo, HS Johnstone, JR Joo, K Keller, D Khandaker, M Khetarpal, P Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Krahn, Z Kubarovsky, V Kuleshov, SV Kuznetsov, V Livingston, K Lu, HY Mayer, M McAndrew, J McCracken, ME McKinnon, B Mirazita, M Mokeev, V Moreno, B Moriya, K Morrison, B Munevar, E Nadel-Turonski, P Nepali, CS Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niroula, MR Niyazov, RA Osipenko, M Ostrovidov, AI Paris, M Park, K Park, S Pasyuk, E Pereira, SA Perrin, Y Pisano, S Pogorelko, O Pozdniakov, S Price, JW Procureur, S Protopopescu, D Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Rosner, G Rossi, P Sabatie, F Saini, MS Salamanca, J Salgado, C Schott, D Schumacher, RA Seraydaryan, H Sharabian, YG Smith, ES Sober, DI Sokhan, D Stepanyan, SS Stoler, P Strakovsky, II Strauch, S Taiuti, M Tedeschi, DJ Tkachenko, S Ungaro, M Vineyard, MF Voutier, E Watts, DP Weygand, DP Wood, MH Zhang, J Zhao, B AF Williams, M. Applegate, D. Bellis, M. Meyer, C. A. Adhikari, K. P. Anghinolfi, M. Baghdasaryan, H. Ball, J. Battaglieri, M. Bedlinskiy, I. Berman, B. L. Biselli, A. S. Briscoe, W. J. Brooks, W. K. Burkert, V. D. Careccia, S. L. Carman, D. S. Cole, P. L. Collins, P. Crede, V. D'Angelo, A. Daniel, A. De Vita, R. De Sanctis, E. Deur, A. Dey, B. Dhamija, S. Dickson, R. Djalali, C. Dodge, G. E. Doughty, D. Dugger, M. Dupre, R. El Alaoui, A. Elouadrhiri, L. Eugenio, P. Fedotov, G. Fegan, S. Fradi, A. Gabrielyan, M. Y. Garcon, M. Gilfoyle, G. P. Giovanetti, K. L. Girod, F. X. Gohn, W. Golovatch, E. Gothe, R. W. Griffioen, K. A. Guidal, M. Guler, N. Guo, L. Hafidi, K. Hakobyan, H. Hanretty, C. Hassall, N. Hicks, K. Holtrop, M. Ilieva, Y. Ireland, D. G. Ishkhanov, B. S. Isupov, E. L. Jawalkar, S. S. Jo, H. S. Johnstone, J. R. Joo, K. Keller, D. Khandaker, M. Khetarpal, P. Kim, W. Klein, A. Klein, F. J. Krahn, Z. Kubarovsky, V. Kuleshov, S. V. Kuznetsov, V. Livingston, K. Lu, H. Y. Mayer, M. McAndrew, J. McCracken, M. E. McKinnon, B. Mirazita, M. Mokeev, V. Moreno, B. Moriya, K. Morrison, B. Munevar, E. Nadel-Turonski, P. Nepali, C. S. Niccolai, S. Niculescu, G. Niculescu, I. Niroula, M. R. Niyazov, R. A. Osipenko, M. Ostrovidov, A. I. Paris, M. Park, K. Park, S. Pasyuk, E. Pereira, S. Anefalos Perrin, Y. Pisano, S. Pogorelko, O. Pozdniakov, S. Price, J. W. Procureur, S. Protopopescu, D. Ricco, G. Ripani, M. Ritchie, B. G. Rosner, G. Rossi, P. Sabatie, F. Saini, M. S. Salamanca, J. Salgado, C. Schott, D. Schumacher, R. A. Seraydaryan, H. Sharabian, Y. G. Smith, E. S. Sober, D. I. Sokhan, D. Stepanyan, S. S. Stoler, P. Strakovsky, I. I. Strauch, S. Taiuti, M. Tedeschi, D. J. Tkachenko, S. Ungaro, M. Vineyard, M. F. Voutier, E. Watts, D. P. Weygand, D. P. Wood, M. H. Zhang, J. Zhao, B. CA CLAS Collaboration TI Partial wave analysis of the reaction gamma p -> p omega and the search for nucleon resonances SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID POLARIZED PHOTONS; PHOTOPRODUCTION; OMEGA AB An event-based partial wave analysis (PWA) of the reaction gamma p -> p omega has been performed on a high-statistics dataset obtained using the CLAS at Jefferson Lab for center-of-mass energies from threshold up to 2.4 GeV. This analysis benefits from access to the world's first high-precision spin-density matrix element measurements, available to the event-based PWA through the decay distribution of omega ->pi(+)pi(-)pi(0). The data confirm the dominance of the t-channel pi(0) exchange amplitude in the forward direction. The dominant resonance contributions are consistent with the previously identified states F(15)(1680) and D(13)(1700) near threshold, as well as the G(17)(2190) at higher energies. Suggestive evidence for the presence of a J(P)=5/2(+) state around 2 GeV, a "missing" state, has also been found. Evidence for other states is inconclusive. C1 [Collins, P.; Dugger, M.; Morrison, B.; Pasyuk, E.; Ritchie, B. G.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Price, J. W.] Calif State Univ Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA 90747 USA. [Wood, M. H.] Canisius Coll, Buffalo, NY 14208 USA. [Klein, F. J.; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Sober, D. I.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Ball, J.; Garcon, M.; Girod, F. X.; Procureur, S.; Sabatie, F.] CEA, Ctr Saclay, Serv Phys Nucl, Irfu, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Doughty, D.] Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Gohn, W.; Joo, K.; Ungaro, M.; Zhao, B.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Dhamija, S.; Gabrielyan, M. Y.; Schott, D.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Crede, V.; Eugenio, P.; Hanretty, C.; Ostrovidov, A. I.; Park, S.; Saini, M. S.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Berman, B. L.; Briscoe, W. J.; Ilieva, Y.; Munevar, E.; Strakovsky, I. I.; Strauch, S.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Fegan, S.; Hassall, N.; Ireland, D. G.; Johnstone, J. R.; Livingston, K.; McKinnon, B.; Protopopescu, D.; Rosner, G.; Watts, D. P.] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Cole, P. L.; Salamanca, J.] Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [De Sanctis, E.; Mirazita, M.; Pereira, S. Anefalos; Rossi, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Anghinolfi, M.; Battaglieri, M.; De Vita, R.; Osipenko, M.; Ricco, G.; Ripani, M.; Taiuti, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [D'Angelo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [El Alaoui, A.; Fradi, A.; Guidal, M.; Jo, H. S.; Moreno, B.; Niccolai, S.; Perrin, Y.; Pisano, S.; Voutier, E.] Inst Phys Nucl, F-91406 Orsay, France. [Bedlinskiy, I.; Kuleshov, S. V.; Pogorelko, O.; Pozdniakov, S.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, RU-117259 Moscow, Russia. [Elouadrhiri, L.; Giovanetti, K. L.; Niculescu, G.; Niculescu, I.] James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Holtrop, M.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Daniel, A.; Hicks, K.; Keller, D.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Adhikari, K. P.; Baghdasaryan, H.; Careccia, S. L.; Dodge, G. E.; Guler, N.; Klein, A.; Mayer, M.; Nepali, C. S.; Niroula, M. R.; Seraydaryan, H.; Tkachenko, S.; Zhang, J.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Gilfoyle, G. P.] Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. [D'Angelo, A.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Fedotov, G.; Golovatch, E.; Ishkhanov, B. S.; Isupov, E. L.; Mokeev, V.] Skobeltsyn Nucl Phys Inst, RU-119899 Moscow, Russia. [Djalali, C.; Gothe, R. W.; Ilieva, Y.; Lu, H. Y.; Park, K.; Strauch, S.; Tedeschi, D. J.; Wood, M. H.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Brooks, W. K.; Burkert, V. D.; Carman, D. S.; Deur, A.; Doughty, D.; Elouadrhiri, L.; Guo, L.; Kubarovsky, V.; Mokeev, V.; Niyazov, R. A.; Paris, M.; Sharabian, Y. G.; Smith, E. S.; Weygand, D. P.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Brooks, W. K.; Hakobyan, H.; Kuleshov, S. V.] Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Valparaiso, Chile. [Baghdasaryan, H.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [Griffioen, K. A.; Jawalkar, S. S.] Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Williams, M.; Applegate, D.; Bellis, M.; Meyer, C. A.; Biselli, A. S.; Dey, B.; Dickson, R.; Krahn, Z.; McCracken, M. E.; Moriya, K.; Schumacher, R. A.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Dupre, R.; Hafidi, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60441 USA. [McAndrew, J.; Sokhan, D.] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Biselli, A. S.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06824 USA. [Kim, W.; Kuznetsov, V.; Park, K.; Stepanyan, S. S.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Khandaker, M.; Salgado, C.] Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. [Khetarpal, P.; Kubarovsky, V.; Niyazov, R. A.; Stoler, P.; Ungaro, M.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Vineyard, M. F.] Union Coll, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. [Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Williams, M (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. RI Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015; Osipenko, Mikhail/N-8292-2015; Zhang, Jixie/A-1461-2016; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; D'Angelo, Annalisa/A-2439-2012; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; El Alaoui, Ahmed/B-4638-2015; Ireland, David/E-8618-2010; Lu, Haiyun/B-4083-2012; Protopopescu, Dan/D-5645-2012; Isupov, Evgeny/J-2976-2012; Ishkhanov, Boris/E-1431-2012; Zhao, Bo/J-6819-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013 OI Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975; Osipenko, Mikhail/0000-0001-9618-3013; Bellis, Matthew/0000-0002-6353-6043; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; D'Angelo, Annalisa/0000-0003-3050-4907; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Ireland, David/0000-0001-7713-7011; Zhao, Bo/0000-0003-3171-5335; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570 FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-87ER40315, DE-AC05-84ER40150]; National Science Foundation; Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; French Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); Korean Science and Engineering Foundation FX We thank the staff of the Accelerator and the Physics Divisions at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility who made this experiment possible. This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy (under Grant No. DE-FG02-87ER40315), the National Science Foundation, the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, the French Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), and the Korean Science and Engineering Foundation. The Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) operated Jefferson Lab under US DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-84ER40150 during this work. NR 27 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 065209 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.065209 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700075 ER PT J AU Williams, M Applegate, D Bellis, M Meyer, CA Adhikari, KP Anghinolfi, M Baghdasaryan, H Ball, J Battaglieri, M Bedlinskiy, I Berman, BL Biselli, AS Bookwalter, C Briscoe, WJ Brooks, WK Burkert, VD Careccia, SL Carman, DS Cole, PL Collins, P Crede, V D'Angelo, A Daniel, A De Vita, R De Sanctis, E Deur, A Dey, B Dhamija, S Dickson, R Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dugger, M Dupre, R El Alaoui, A Elouadrhiri, L Eugenio, P Fedotov, G Fegan, S Fradi, A Gabrielyan, MY Garcon, M Gevorgyan, N Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Girod, FX Gohn, W Golovatch, E Gothe, RW Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guo, L Hafidi, K Hakobyan, H Hanretty, C Hassall, N Hicks, K Holtrop, M Ilieva, Y Ireland, DG Ishkhanov, BS Isupov, EL Jawalkar, SS Jo, HS Johnstone, JR Joo, K Keller, D Khandaker, M Khetarpal, P Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Krahn, Z Kubarovsky, V Kuleshov, SV Kuznetsov, V Livingston, K Lu, HY Mayer, M McAndrew, J McCracken, ME McKinnon, B Mikhailov, K Mirazita, M Mokeev, V Moreno, B Moriya, K Morrison, B Moutarde, H Munevar, E Nadel-Turonski, P Nepali, CS Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niroula, MR Niyazov, RA Osipenko, M Ostrovidov, AI Paris, M Park, K Park, S Pasyuk, E Pereira, SA Perrin, Y Pisano, S Pogorelko, O Pozdniakov, S Price, JW Procureur, S Protopopescu, D Raue, BA Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Rosner, G Rossi, P Sabatie, F Saini, MS Salamanca, J Salgado, C Schott, D Schumacher, RA Seraydaryan, H Sharabian, YG Smith, ES Sober, DI Sokhan, D Stepanyan, SS Stoler, P Strakovsky, II Strauch, S Taiuti, M Tedeschi, DJ Tkachenko, S Ungaro, M Vineyard, MF Voutier, E Watts, DP Weinstein, LB Weygand, DP Wood, MH Zhang, J Zhao, B AF Williams, M. Applegate, D. Bellis, M. Meyer, C. A. Adhikari, K. P. Anghinolfi, M. Baghdasaryan, H. Ball, J. Battaglieri, M. Bedlinskiy, I. Berman, B. L. Biselli, A. S. Bookwalter, C. Briscoe, W. J. Brooks, W. K. Burkert, V. D. Careccia, S. L. Carman, D. S. Cole, P. L. Collins, P. Crede, V. D'Angelo, A. Daniel, A. De Vita, R. De Sanctis, E. Deur, A. Dey, B. Dhamija, S. Dickson, R. Djalali, C. Dodge, G. E. Doughty, D. Dugger, M. Dupre, R. El Alaoui, A. Elouadrhiri, L. Eugenio, P. Fedotov, G. Fegan, S. Fradi, A. Gabrielyan, M. Y. Garcon, M. Gevorgyan, N. Gilfoyle, G. P. Giovanetti, K. L. Girod, F. X. Gohn, W. Golovatch, E. Gothe, R. W. Griffioen, K. A. Guidal, M. Guo, L. Hafidi, K. Hakobyan, H. Hanretty, C. Hassall, N. Hicks, K. Holtrop, M. Ilieva, Y. Ireland, D. G. Ishkhanov, B. S. Isupov, E. L. Jawalkar, S. S. Jo, H. S. Johnstone, J. R. Joo, K. Keller, D. Khandaker, M. Khetarpal, P. Kim, W. Klein, A. Klein, F. J. Krahn, Z. Kubarovsky, V. Kuleshov, S. V. Kuznetsov, V. Livingston, K. Lu, H. Y. Mayer, M. McAndrew, J. McCracken, M. E. McKinnon, B. Mikhailov, K. Mirazita, M. Mokeev, V. Moreno, B. Moriya, K. Morrison, B. Moutarde, H. Munevar, E. Nadel-Turonski, P. Nepali, C. S. Niccolai, S. Niculescu, G. Niculescu, I. Niroula, M. R. Niyazov, R. A. Osipenko, M. Ostrovidov, A. I. Paris, M. Park, K. Park, S. Pasyuk, E. Pereira, S. Anefalos Perrin, Y. Pisano, S. Pogorelko, O. Pozdniakov, S. Price, J. W. Procureur, S. Protopopescu, D. Raue, B. A. Ricco, G. Ripani, M. Ritchie, B. G. Rosner, G. Rossi, P. Sabatie, F. Saini, M. S. Salamanca, J. Salgado, C. Schott, D. Schumacher, R. A. Seraydaryan, H. Sharabian, Y. G. Smith, E. S. Sober, D. I. Sokhan, D. Stepanyan, S. S. Stoler, P. Strakovsky, I. I. Strauch, S. Taiuti, M. Tedeschi, D. J. Tkachenko, S. Ungaro, M. Vineyard, M. F. Voutier, E. Watts, D. P. Weinstein, L. B. Weygand, D. P. Wood, M. H. Zhang, J. Zhao, B. CA CLAS Collaboration TI Differential cross sections and spin density matrix elements for the reaction gamma p -> p omega SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID POLARIZED PHOTONS; VECTOR-MESONS; PHOTOPRODUCTION; OMEGA AB High-statistics differential cross sections and spin-density matrix elements for the reaction gamma p -> p omega have been measured using the CEBAF large acceptance spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Lab for center-of-mass (c.m.) energies from threshold up to 2.84 GeV. Results are reported in 112 10-MeV wide c.m. energy bins, each subdivided into cos theta(omega)(c.m.) bins of width 0.1. These are the most precise and extensive omega photoproduction measurements to date. A number of prominent structures are clearly present in the data. Many of these have not previously been observed due to limited statistics in earlier measurements. C1 [Collins, P.; Dugger, M.; Morrison, B.; Pasyuk, E.; Ritchie, B. G.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Price, J. W.] Calif State Univ Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA 90747 USA. [Wood, M. H.] Canisius Coll, Buffalo, NY 14208 USA. [Klein, F. J.; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Sober, D. I.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Ball, J.; Garcon, M.; Girod, F. X.; Moutarde, H.; Procureur, S.; Sabatie, F.] CEA, Ctr Saclay, Serv Phys Nucl, Irfu, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Doughty, D.] Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Gohn, W.; Joo, K.; Ungaro, M.; Zhao, B.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Dhamija, S.; Gabrielyan, M. Y.; Raue, B. A.; Schott, D.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Bookwalter, C.; Crede, V.; Eugenio, P.; Hanretty, C.; Ostrovidov, A. I.; Park, S.; Saini, M. S.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Berman, B. L.; Briscoe, W. J.; Ilieva, Y.; Munevar, E.; Strakovsky, I. I.; Strauch, S.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Fegan, S.; Hassall, N.; Ireland, D. G.; Johnstone, J. R.; Livingston, K.; McKinnon, B.; Protopopescu, D.; Rosner, G.; Watts, D. P.] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Cole, P. L.; Salamanca, J.] Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [De Sanctis, E.; Mirazita, M.; Pereira, S. Anefalos; Rossi, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Anghinolfi, M.; Battaglieri, M.; De Vita, R.; Osipenko, M.; Ricco, G.; Ripani, M.; Taiuti, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [D'Angelo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [El Alaoui, A.; Fradi, A.; Guidal, M.; Jo, H. S.; Moreno, B.; Niccolai, S.; Perrin, Y.; Pisano, S.; Voutier, E.] Inst Phys Nucl, F-91406 Orsay, France. [Bedlinskiy, I.; Kuleshov, S. V.; Mikhailov, K.; Pogorelko, O.; Pozdniakov, S.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, RU-117259 Moscow, Russia. [Giovanetti, K. L.; Niculescu, G.; Niculescu, I.] James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Kim, W.; Kuznetsov, V.; Park, K.; Stepanyan, S. S.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Daniel, A.; Hicks, K.; Keller, D.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Adhikari, K. P.; Baghdasaryan, H.; Careccia, S. L.; Dodge, G. E.; Klein, A.; Mayer, M.; Nepali, C. S.; Niroula, M. R.; Seraydaryan, H.; Tkachenko, S.; Weinstein, L. B.; Zhang, J.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Gilfoyle, G. P.] Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. [D'Angelo, A.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Fedotov, G.; Golovatch, E.; Ishkhanov, B. S.; Isupov, E. L.; Mokeev, V.] Skobeltsyn Nucl Phys Inst, RU-119899 Moscow, Russia. [Djalali, C.; Gothe, R. W.; Ilieva, Y.; Lu, H. Y.; Park, K.; Strauch, S.; Tedeschi, D. J.; Wood, M. H.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Brooks, W. K.; Burkert, V. D.; Carman, D. S.; Deur, A.; Doughty, D.; Elouadrhiri, L.; Guo, L.; Kubarovsky, V.; Mokeev, V.; Niyazov, R. A.; Paris, M.; Raue, B. A.; Sharabian, Y. G.; Smith, E. S.; Weygand, D. P.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Brooks, W. K.; Hakobyan, H.; Kuleshov, S. V.] Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Valparaiso, Chile. [Baghdasaryan, H.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [Griffioen, K. A.; Jawalkar, S. S.] Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Williams, M.; Applegate, D.; Bellis, M.; Meyer, C. A.; Biselli, A. S.; Dey, B.; Dickson, R.; Krahn, Z.; McCracken, M. E.; Moriya, K.; Schumacher, R. A.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Dupre, R.; Hafidi, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60441 USA. [McAndrew, J.; Sokhan, D.] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Biselli, A. S.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06824 USA. [Holtrop, M.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Khandaker, M.; Salgado, C.] Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. [Khetarpal, P.; Kubarovsky, V.; Niyazov, R. A.; Stoler, P.; Ungaro, M.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Vineyard, M. F.] Union Coll, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. [Gevorgyan, N.; Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Williams, M (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. RI Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015; Osipenko, Mikhail/N-8292-2015; Zhang, Jixie/A-1461-2016; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; El Alaoui, Ahmed/B-4638-2015; Ireland, David/E-8618-2010; Lu, Haiyun/B-4083-2012; Protopopescu, Dan/D-5645-2012; Isupov, Evgeny/J-2976-2012; Ishkhanov, Boris/E-1431-2012; Zhao, Bo/J-6819-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; D'Angelo, Annalisa/A-2439-2012 OI Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975; Osipenko, Mikhail/0000-0001-9618-3013; Bellis, Matthew/0000-0002-6353-6043; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Ireland, David/0000-0001-7713-7011; Zhao, Bo/0000-0003-3171-5335; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; D'Angelo, Annalisa/0000-0003-3050-4907 FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-87ER40315, DE-AC05-84ER40150]; National Science Foundation; Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; French Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); Korean Science and Engineering Foundation FX We thank the staff of the Accelerator and the Physics Divisions at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility who made this experiment possible. This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy (under Grant No. DE-FG02-87ER40315), the National Science Foundation, the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, the French Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), and the Korean Science and Engineering Foundation. The Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) operated Jefferson Lab under US DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-84ER40150 during this work. NR 25 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 065208 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.065208 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700074 ER PT J AU Yadav, RB Ma, WC Hagemann, GB Amro, H Bracco, A Carpenter, MP Domscheit, J Frattini, S Hartley, DJ Herskind, B Hubel, H Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Million, B Odegard, S Riedinger, LL Schmidt, KA Siem, S Sletten, G Varmette, PG Wilson, JN Zhang, YC AF Yadav, R. B. Ma, W. C. Hagemann, G. B. Amro, H. Bracco, A. Carpenter, M. P. Domscheit, J. Frattini, S. Hartley, D. J. Herskind, B. Huebel, H. Janssens, R. V. F. Khoo, T. L. Kondev, F. G. Lauritsen, T. Lister, C. J. Million, B. Odegard, S. Riedinger, L. L. Schmidt, K. A. Siem, S. Sletten, G. Varmette, P. G. Wilson, J. N. Zhang, Y. C. TI High-spin proton alignments and coexisting coupling schemes in Hf-168 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HIGH ROTATIONAL FREQUENCY; RARE-EARTH NUCLEI; TRIAXIAL SUPERDEFORMATION; WOBBLING EXCITATIONS; BARRIER PENETRATION; SPECTROSCOPY; DECAY; BANDS; ISOMERS; LU-167 AB High-spin states in Hf-168 were populated in the Zr-96(Ge-76,4n) reaction and the decay gamma rays measured with the Gammasphere spectrometer array. Previously known bands were extended to significantly higher spins and seven new bands were established. The results were interpreted within the framework of the cranked shell model with the help of comparisons with neighboring nuclei. The observation of full alignment in band crossings at a rotational frequency h omega similar to 0.55 MeV revealed that these crossings are associated with proton alignments involving h(11/2) and h(9/2) orbitals. The characteristics of one strongly coupled high-K band indicate that the deformation-aligned configuration is built on the same six quasiparticles that constitute the high-spin structure of a rotationally aligned band. This leads to the coexistence of two coupling schemes, deformation and rotation alignment, in six-quasiparticle structures involving the same orbitals. C1 [Yadav, R. B.; Ma, W. C.; Amro, H.; Varmette, P. G.; Zhang, Y. C.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hagemann, G. B.; Herskind, B.; Schmidt, K. A.; Sletten, G.; Varmette, P. G.; Wilson, J. N.] Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Bracco, A.; Frattini, S.; Million, B.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Carpenter, M. P.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Khoo, T. L.; Lauritsen, T.; Lister, C. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Domscheit, J.; Huebel, H.] Univ Bonn, Helmholtz Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Hartley, D. J.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Odegard, S.; Siem, S.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Riedinger, L. L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Yadav, RB (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 064306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064306 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700016 ER PT J AU Aaltonen, T Adelman, J Gonzalez, BA Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Annovi, A Antos, J Apollinari, G Apresyan, A Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asaadi, J Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Aurisano, A Azfar, F Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barria, P Bartos, P Bauer, G Beauchemin, PH Bedeschi, F Beecher, D Behari, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bizjak, I Blair, RE Blocker, C Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Boisvert, V Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Boveia, A Brau, B Bridgeman, A Brigliadori, L Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Budd, S Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Buzatu, A Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calancha, C Camarda, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canelli, F Canepa, A Carls, B Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carrillo, S Carron, S Casal, B Casarsa, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cavaliere, V Cavalli-Sforza, M Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chang, SH Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Choudalakis, G Chung, K Chung, WH Chung, YS Chwalek, T Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, A Clark, D Compostella, G Convery, ME Conway, J Corbo, M Cordelli, M Cox, CA Cox, DJ Crescioli, F Almenar, CC Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Cully, JC Dagenhart, D Datta, M Davies, T de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S Deisher, A De Lorenzo, G Dell'Orso, M Deluca, C Demortier, L Deng, J Deninno, M d'Errico, M Di Canto, A di Giovanni, GP Di Ruzza, B Dittmann, JR D'Onofrio, M Donati, S Dong, P Dorigo, T Dube, S Ebina, K Elagin, A Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Ershaidat, N Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferrazza, C Field, R Flanagan, G Forrest, R Frank, MJ Franklin, M Freeman, JC Furic, I Gallinaro, M Galyardt, J Garberson, F Garcia, JE Garfinkel, AF Garosi, P Genser, K Gerberich, H Gerdes, D Gessler, A Giagu, S Giakoumopoulou, V Giannetti, P Gibson, K Gimmell, JL Ginsburg, CM Giokaris, N Giordani, M Giromini, P Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Golossanov, A Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Gresele, A Grinstein, S Grosso-Pilcher, C Group, RC Grundler, U da Costa, JG Gunay-Unalan, Z Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Han, BY Han, JY Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, D Hare, M Harr, RF Hartz, M Hatakeyama, K Hays, C Heck, M Heinrich, J Henderson, C Herndon, M Heuser, J Hewamanage, S Hidas, D Hill, CS Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hou, S Houlden, M Hsu, SC Huffman, BT Hughes, RE Hurwitz, M Husemann, U Hussein, M Huston, J Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A James, E Jang, D Jayatilaka, B Jeon, EJ Jha, MK Jindariani, S Johnson, W Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Jung, JE Junk, TR Kamon, T Kar, D Karchin, PE Kato, Y Kephart, R Ketchum, W Keung, J Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, HW Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kimura, N Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knuteson, B Kondo, K Kong, DJ Konigsberg, J Korytov, A Kotwal, AV Kreps, M Kroll, J Krop, D Krumnack, N Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhr, T Kulkarni, NP Kurata, M Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, M Lander, RL Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lazzizzera, I LeCompte, T Lee, E Lee, HS Lee, JS Lee, SW Leone, S Lewis, JD Lin, CJ Linacre, J Lindgren, M Lipeles, E Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, C Liu, T Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Lovas, L Lucchesi, D Lueck, J Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lys, J Lysak, R MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Makhoul, K Maksimovic, P Malde, S Malik, S Manca, G Manousakis-Katsikakis, A Margaroli, F Marino, C Marino, CP Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Martinez-Ballarin, R Mastrandrea, P Mathis, M Mattson, ME Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P McNulty, R Mehta, A Mehtala, P Menzione, A Mesropian, C Miao, T Mietlicki, D Miladinovic, N Miller, R Mills, C Milnik, M Mitra, A Mitselmakher, G Miyake, H Moed, S Moggi, N Mondragon, MN Moon, CS Moore, R Morello, MJ Morlock, J Fernandez, PM Mulmenstadt, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Mussini, M Nachtman, J Nagai, Y Naganoma, J Nakamura, K Nakano, I Napier, A Nett, J Neu, C Neubauer, MS Neubauer, S Nielsen, J Nodulman, L Norman, M Norniella, O Nurse, E Oakes, L Oh, SH Oh, YD Oksuzian, I Okusawa, T Orava, R Osterberg, K Griso, SP Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Papadimitriou, V Papaikonomou, A Paramanov, AA Parks, B Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Peiffer, T Pellett, DE Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pianori, E Pinera, L Pitts, K Plager, C Pondrom, L Potamianos, K Poukhov, O Prokoshin, F Pronko, A Ptohos, F Pueschel, E Punzi, G Pursley, J Rademacker, J Rahaman, A Ramakrishnan, V Ranjan, N Redondo, I Renton, P Renz, M Rescigno, M Richter, S Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rodriguez, T Rogers, E Rolli, S Roser, R Rossi, M Rossin, R Roy, P Ruiz, A Russ, J Rusu, V Rutherford, B Saarikko, H Safonov, A Sakumoto, WK Santi, L Sartori, L 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Spreitzer, T. Squillacioti, P. Stanitzki, M. St Denis, R. Stelzer, B. Stelzer-Chilton, O. Stentz, D. Strologas, J. Strycker, G. L. Suh, J. S. Sukhanov, A. Suslov, I. Taffard, A. Takashima, R. Takeuchi, Y. Tanaka, R. Tang, J. Tecchio, M. Teng, P. K. Thom, J. Thome, J. Thompson, G. A. Thomson, E. Tipton, P. Ttito-Guzman, P. Tkaczyk, S. Toback, D. Tokar, S. Tollefson, K. Tomura, T. Tonelli, D. Torre, S. Torretta, D. Totaro, P. Tourneur, S. Trovato, M. Tsai, S. -Y. Tu, Y. Turini, N. Ukegawa, F. Uozumi, S. van Remortel, N. Varganov, A. Vataga, E. Vazquez, F. Velev, G. Vellidis, C. Vidal, M. Vila, I. Vilar, R. Vogel, M. Volobouev, I. Volpi, G. Wagner, P. Wagner, R. G. Wagner, R. L. Wagner, W. Wagner-Kuhr, J. Wakisaka, T. Wallny, R. Wang, S. M. Warburton, A. Waters, D. Weinberger, M. Weinelt, J. Wester, W. C., III Whitehouse, B. Whiteson, D. Wicklund, A. B. Wicklund, E. Wilbur, S. Williams, G. Williams, H. H. Wilson, P. Winer, B. L. Wittich, P. Wolbers, S. Wolfe, C. Wolfe, H. Wright, T. Wu, X. Wuerthwein, F. Xie, S. Yagil, A. Yamamoto, K. Yamaoka, J. Yang, U. K. Yang, Y. C. Yao, W. M. Yeh, G. P. Yi, K. Yoh, J. Yorita, K. Yoshida, T. Yu, G. B. Yu, I. Yu, S. S. Yun, J. C. Zanetti, A. Zeng, Y. Zhang, X. Zheng, Y. Zucchelli, S. CA CDF Collaboration TI Measurement of the inclusive isolated prompt photon cross section in pp collisions at s=1.96 TeV using the CDF detector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SILICON VERTEX DETECTOR; PROTON INTERACTIONS; COLLIDER AB A measurement of the cross section for the inclusive production of isolated photons by the CDF experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron collider is presented. The measurement covers the pseudorapidity region |eta(gamma)|< 1.0 and the transverse energy range E-T(gamma)> 30 GeV and is based on 2.5 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity. The sample is almost a factor of 7 larger than those used for recent published results and extends the E-T(gamma) coverage by 100 GeV. 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[Bromberg, C.; Campanelli, M.; Gunay-Unalan, Z.; Hussein, M.; Huston, J.; Miller, R.; Tollefson, K.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Azfar, F.; Farrington, S.; Hays, C.; Huffman, B. T.; Linacre, J.; Malde, S.; Oakes, L.; Rademacker, J.; Renton, P.] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Chen, Y. C.; Hou, S.; Mitra, A.; Teng, P. K.; Tsai, S. -Y.; Wang, S. M.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. [Antos, J.; Bartos, P.; Lovas, L.; Lysak, R.; Tokar, S.] Inst Expt Phys, Kosice 04001, Slovakia. RP Aaltonen, T (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Div High Energy Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RI Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/K-2432-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Moon, Chang-Seong/J-3619-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Grinstein, Sebastian/N-3988-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; unalan, zeynep/C-6660-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Zeng, Yu/C-1438-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014 OI Turini, Nicola/0000-0002-9395-5230; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/0000-0003-1105-6678; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Gallinaro, Michele/0000-0003-1261-2277; Moon, Chang-Seong/0000-0001-8229-7829; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; unalan, zeynep/0000-0003-2570-7611; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; FU U. S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation; Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Council of the Republic of China; Swiss National Science Foundation; A. P. Sloan Foundation; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; World Class University Program; National Research Foundation of Korea; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et Physique des Particules/CNRS; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion; Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010, Spain; Slovak R D Agency; Academy of Finland FX We thank the Fermilab staff and the technical staffs of the participating institutions for their vital contributions. This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy and National Science Foundation; the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; the National Science Council of the Republic of China; the Swiss National Science Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; the World Class University Program, the National Research Foundation of Korea; the Science and Technology Facilities Council and the Royal Society, United Kingdom; the Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et Physique des Particules/CNRS; the Russian Foundation for Basic Research; the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, and Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010, Spain; the Slovak R& D Agency; and the Academy of Finland. 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Zverev, E. G. CA D0 Collaboration TI Determination of the strong coupling constant from the inclusive jet cross section in pp collisions at s=1.96 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; QCD AB We determine the strong coupling constant alpha(s) and its energy dependence from the p(T) dependence of the inclusive jet cross section in pp collisions at s=1.96 TeV. The strong coupling constant is determined over the transverse momentum range 50 < p(T)< 145 GeV. Using perturbative QCD calculations to order O(alpha(3)(s)) combined with O(alpha(4)(s)) contributions from threshold corrections, we obtain alpha(s)(M-Z)=0.1161(-0.0048)(+0.0041). This is the most precise result obtained at a hadron-hadron collider. C1 [Abazov, V. M.; Alexeev, G. D.; Golovanov, G.; Kharzheev, Y. N.; Malyshev, V. L.; Otero y Garzon, G. J.; Piegaia, R.; Tanasijczuk, A.; Tokmenin, V. V.; Vertogradov, L. S.; Yatsunenko, Y. A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Otero y Garzon, G. 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RI Ancu, Lucian Stefan/F-1812-2010; Fisher, Wade/N-4491-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/F-9057-2014; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Kozelov, Alexander/J-3812-2014; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Boos, Eduard/D-9748-2012; bu, xuebing/D-1121-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Perfilov, Maxim/E-1064-2012; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012 OI Christoudias, Theodoros/0000-0001-9050-3880; Williams, Mark/0000-0001-5448-4213; Belanger-Champagne, Camille/0000-0003-2368-2617; Ancu, Lucian Stefan/0000-0001-5068-6723; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/0000-0002-7161-2616; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; FU DOE; NSF (USA); CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); FASI, Rosatom; RFBR (Russia); CNPq; FAPERJ; FAPESP; FUNDUNESP (Brazil); DAE; DST (India); Colciencias (Colombia); CONACyT (Mexico); KRF; KOSEF (Korea); CONICET; UBACyT (Argentina); FOM (The Netherlands); STFC; Royal Society (United Kingdom); MSMT; GACR (Czech Republic); CRC; CFI; NSERC; WestGrid Project (Canada); BMBF; DFG (Germany); SFI (Ireland); Swedish Research Council (Sweden); CAS; CNSF (China) FX We thank Graeme Watt for helpful discussions. We thank the staffs at Fermilab and collaborating institutions, and acknowledge support from the DOE and NSF (USA); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); FASI, Rosatom, and RFBR (Russia); CNPq, FAPERJ, FAPESP, and FUNDUNESP (Brazil); DAE and DST (India); Colciencias (Colombia); CONACyT (Mexico); KRF and KOSEF (Korea); CONICET and UBACyT (Argentina); FOM (The Netherlands); STFC and the Royal Society (United Kingdom); MSMT and GACR (Czech Republic); CRC Program, CFI, NSERC, and WestGrid Project (Canada); BMBF and DFG (Germany); SFI (Ireland); the Swedish Research Council (Sweden); and CAS and CNSF (China). NR 26 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 111107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.111107 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000007 ER PT J AU Abelev, BI Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Benedosso, F Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bonner, BE Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bridgeman, A Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Chung, P Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Dash, S Leyva, AD Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG DePhillips, M Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Ganti, MS Garcia-Solis, EJ Geromitsos, A Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Grube, B Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gupta, N Guryn, W Haag, B Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Iordanova, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jakl, P Jena, C Jin, F Jones, CL Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klein, SR Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Kopytine, M Koralt, I Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Krus, M Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, N Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, Z Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mitrovski, MK Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okada, H Okorokov, V Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Pile, P Planinic, M Ploskon, MA Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Rehberg, JM Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakai, S Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Tram, VN Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, X Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wingfield, E Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xie, W Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhou, J Zhou, W Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Abelev, B. I. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Anderson, B. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barannikova, O. Barnby, L. S. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Benedosso, F. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bonner, B. E. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bridgeman, A. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Chung, P. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Dash, S. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. DePhillips, M. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Dunlop, J. C. Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta Efimov, L. G. Elhalhuli, E. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Erazmus, B. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Fachini, P. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Ganti, M. S. Garcia-Solis, E. J. Geromitsos, A. Geurts, F. Ghazikhanian, V. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. Grosnick, D. Grube, B. Guertin, S. M. Gupta, A. Gupta, N. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hallman, T. J. Hamed, A. Han, L. -X. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hjort, E. Hoffman, A. M. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Hollis, R. S. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Iordanova, A. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jakl, P. Jena, C. Jin, F. Jones, C. L. Jones, P. G. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kajimoto, K. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Kocoloski, A. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Kopytine, M. Koralt, I. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kumar, L. Kurnadi, P. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, C. -H. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, N. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Lin, G. Lindenbaum, S. J. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, J. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Love, W. A. Lu, Y. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Mangotra, L. K. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. Matulenko, Yu. A. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mischke, A. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Netrakanti, P. K. Ng, M. J. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Okada, H. Okorokov, V. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Peitzmann, T. Perevoztchikov, V. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Phatak, S. C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Ploskon, M. A. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Rehberg, J. M. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Rose, A. Roy, C. Ruan, L. Russcher, M. J. Sahoo, R. Sakai, S. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Sorensen, P. Sowinski, J. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Tram, V. N. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wingfield, E. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xie, W. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, W. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. TI Longitudinal double-spin asymmetry and cross section for inclusive neutral pion production at midrapidity in polarized proton collisions at s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; NUCLEON; PHOTOPRODUCTION; MOMENTUM; HADRONS; JET AB We report a measurement of the longitudinal double-spin asymmetry A(LL) and the differential cross section for inclusive pi(0) production at midrapidity in polarized proton collisions at s=200 GeV. The cross section was measured over a transverse momentum range of 1 < p(T)< 17 GeV/c and found to be in good agreement with a next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculation. The longitudinal double-spin asymmetry was measured in the range of 3.7 < p(T)< 11 GeV/c and excludes a maximal positive gluon polarization in the proton. The mean transverse momentum fraction of pi(0)'s in their parent jets was found to be around 0.7 for electromagnetically triggered events. C1 [Abelev, B. I.; Barannikova, O.; Betts, R. R.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Iordanova, A.; Kauder, K.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Bridgeman, A.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Jones, P. G.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Das, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Liu, H.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.; Salur, S.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Biritz, B.; Cendejas, R.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Guertin, S. M.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Kurnadi, P.; Sakai, S.; Staszak, D.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.; Xu, W.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Kollegger, T.; Mitrovski, M. K.; Rehberg, J. M.; Schuster, T. R.; Stock, R.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. [Bielcikova, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Chung, P.; Jakl, P.; Kapitan, J.; Kouchpil, V.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Prague 25068, Czech Republic. [Dash, S.; Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Phatak, S. C.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Sowinski, J.; Stevens, J. R.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Bhasin, A.; Dogra, S. M.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, N.; Mangotra, L. K.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneev, R.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kopytine, M.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Fersch, R. G.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Yang, Y.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Grebenyuk, O.; Hjort, E.; Jacobs, P.; Kikola, D. P.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Ploskon, M. A.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Powell, C. B.; Ritter, H. G.; Rose, A.; Sakrejda, I.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Tram, V. N.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Hoffman, A. M.; Jones, C. L.; Kocoloski, A.; Leight, W.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Sakuma, T.; Seele, J.; Surrow, B.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Tarnowsky, T.; Wang, H.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Lindenbaum, S. J.] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Benedosso, F.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.] NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Benedosso, F.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Chajecki, Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Chajecki, Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Matulenko, Yu. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C. -H.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Li, X.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhou, W.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Han, L. -X.; Jin, F.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Tian, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Geromitsos, A.; Kabana, S.; Roy, C.; Sahoo, R.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Kajimoto, K.; Li, L.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.; Wingfield, E.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Yue, Q.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Li, N.; Li, Z.; Liu, F.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014 OI Mohanty, Bedangadas/0000-0001-9610-2914; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323 FU U. S. NSF; Sloan Foundation,; DFG; CNRS/IN2P3; STFC; EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM; NWO of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; Russian Ministry of Science and Technology; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U. S. DOE Office of Science, the U. S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe,'' CNRS/IN2P3, STFC and EPSRC of the United Kingdom, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NWO of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Korea Research Foundation, Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, Russian Ministry of Science and Technology, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 35 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 111108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.111108 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000008 ER PT J AU Abelev, BI Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Benedosso, F Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bnzarov, I Bonner, BE Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bridgeman, A Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Burton, TP Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCDB Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Chung, P Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Dash, S De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG DePhillips, M Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Ganti, MS Garcia-Solis, EJ Geromitsos, A Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Grube, B Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gupta, N Guryn, W Haag, B Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Iordanova, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jakl, P Jena, C Jin, F Jones, CL Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Khodyrev, VY Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klein, SR Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Kopytine, M Koralt, I Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Krus, M Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, N Li, X Li, Y Li, Z Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mitrovski, MK Mohanty, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okada, H Okorokov, V Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Pile, P Planinic, M Ploskon, MA Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Rehberg, JM Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakai, S Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Tram, VN Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, X Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xie, W Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, Y Zhong, C Zhou, J Zhou, W Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Abelev, B. I. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Anderson, B. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barannikova, O. Barnby, L. S. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Benedosso, F. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bnzarov, I. Bonner, B. E. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bridgeman, A. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Burton, T. P. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Chung, P. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Dash, S. De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. DePhillips, M. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Dunlop, J. C. Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta Efimov, L. G. Elhalhuli, E. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Erazmus, B. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Fachini, P. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Ganti, M. S. Garcia-Solis, E. J. Geromitsos, A. Geurts, F. Ghazikhanian, V. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. Grosnick, D. Grube, B. Guertin, S. M. Gupta, A. Gupta, N. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hallman, T. J. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hjort, E. Hoffman, A. M. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Hollis, R. S. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Iordanova, A. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jakl, P. Jena, C. Jin, F. Jones, C. L. Jones, P. G. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kajimoto, K. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Khodyrev, V. Yu. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Kocoloski, A. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Kopytine, M. Koralt, I. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Kravtsov, V. I. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kumar, L. Kurnadi, P. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, C-H. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, N. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Lin, G. Lindenbaum, S. J. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, J. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Love, W. A. Lu, Y. Ludlam, T. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Mangotra, L. K. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. Matulenko, Yu. A. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mischke, A. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohanty, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Netrakanti, P. K. Ng, M. J. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Okada, H. Okorokov, V. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Peitzmann, T. Perevoztchikov, V. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Phatak, S. C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Ploskon, M. A. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Rehberg, J. M. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Rose, A. Roy, C. Ruan, L. Russcher, M. J. Sahoo, R. Sakai, S. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Sorensen, P. Sowinski, J. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Tram, V. N. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xie, W. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, Y. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, W. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y-H. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. TI Longitudinal spin transfer to Lambda and Lambda hyperons in polarized proton-proton collisions at s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHARGED CURRENT INTERACTIONS; PP COLLISIONS; (LAMBDA)OVER-BAR POLARIZATION; BARYON PRODUCTION; NOMAD EXPERIMENT; SCATTERING; DECAYS; DEEP AB The longitudinal spin transfer, D-LL, from high energy polarized protons to Lambda and Lambda hyperons has been measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions at s=200 GeV with the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The measurements cover pseudorapidity, eta, in the range |eta|< 1.2 and transverse momenta, p(T), up to 4 GeV/c. The longitudinal spin transfer is found to be D-LL=-0.03 +/- 0.13(stat)+/- 0.04(syst) for inclusive Lambda and D-LL=-0.12 +/- 0.08(stat)+/- 0.03(syst) for inclusive Lambda hyperons with <>=0.5 and << p(T)>>=3.7 GeV/c. The dependence on eta and p(T) is presented. C1 [Abelev, B. I.; Barannikova, O.; Betts, R. R.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Iordanova, A.; Kauder, K.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Bridgeman, A.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ludlam, T.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Ng, M. J.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Das, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Liu, H.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Biritz, B.; Cendejas, R.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Guertin, S. M.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Kurnadi, P.; Sakai, S.; Staszak, D.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.; Xu, W.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Cherney, M.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Chung, P.; Jakl, P.; Kapitan, J.; Kouchpil, V.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] AS CR, Inst Nucl Phys, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Kollegger, T.; Mitrovski, M. K.; Rehberg, J. M.; Schuster, T. R.; Stock, R.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. [Dash, S.; Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Phatak, S. C.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Sowinski, J.; Stevens, J. R.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Bhasin, A.; Dogra, S. M.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, N.; Mangotra, L. K.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bnzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneev, R.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kopytine, M.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Fersch, R. G.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Yang, Y.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Grebenyuk, O.; Hjort, E.; Jacobs, P.; Kikola, D. P.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Ploskon, M. A.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Ritter, H. G.; Rose, A.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Tram, V. N.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Hoffman, A. M.; Jones, C. L.; Kocoloski, A.; Leight, W.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Sakuma, T.; Seele, J.; Surrow, B.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Tarnowsky, T.; Wang, H.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Lindenbaum, S. J.] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Benedosso, F.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.] NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Benedosso, F.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Chajecki, Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Plyku, D.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Khodyrev, V. Yu.; Kravtsov, V. I.; Matulenko, Yu. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C-H.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Xu, Q. H.; Zhou, W.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X.; Jin, F.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Tian, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y-H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Geromitsos, A.; Kabana, S.; Roy, C.; Sahoo, R.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hoffmann, G. W.; Kajimoto, K.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Yue, Q.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Li, N.; Li, Z.; Liu, F.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014 OI Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991 FU Offices of NP and HEP; U. S. NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG; CNRS [CNRS/IN2P3]; STFC; EPSRC of the United Kingdom; PESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China, GA; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM; NOWof The Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic Of Croatia; Russian Ministry of Science and Technology; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U. S. DOE Office of Science, the U. S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe,'' CNRS/IN2P3, STFC, and EPSRC of the United Kingdom, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NOWof The Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the Korea Research Foundation, the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic Of Croatia, the Russian Ministry of Science and Technology, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 111102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.111102 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000002 ER PT J AU Ahn, C Kim, C Linder, EV AF Ahn, Changrim Kim, Chanju Linder, Eric V. TI Dark energy properties in DBI theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB The Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) action from string theory provides several new classes of dark energy behavior beyond quintessence due to its relativistic kinematics. We constrain parameters of natural potentials and brane tensions with cosmological observations as well as showing how to design these functions for a desired expansion history. We enlarge the attractor solutions, including new ways of obtaining cosmological constant behavior, to the case of generalized DBI theory with multiple branes. An interesting novel signature of DBI attractors is that the sound speed is driven to zero, unlike for quintessence where it is the speed of light. C1 [Ahn, Changrim; Kim, Chanju; Linder, Eric V.] Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Universe, Seoul 120750, South Korea. [Ahn, Changrim; Kim, Chanju; Linder, Eric V.] Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 120750, South Korea. [Linder, Eric V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Linder, Eric V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ahn, C (reprint author), Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Universe, Seoul 120750, South Korea. FU World Class University [R32-2008-000-10130-0]; NRF [2005-0049409]; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work has been supported by the World Class University Grant No. R32-2008-000-10130-0. C. K. has been supported in part by the NRF through CQUeST with Grant No. 2005-0049409. E. L. has been supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 12 AR 123016 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.123016 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DI UT WOS:000273233300027 ER PT J AU Angle, J Aprile, E Arneodo, F Baudis, L Bernstein, A Bolozdynya, A Coelho, LCC Dahl, CE DeViveiros, L Ferella, AD Fernandes, LMP Fiorucci, S Gaitskell, RJ Giboni, KL Gomez, R Hasty, R Kastens, L Kwong, J Lopes, JAM Madden, N Manalaysay, A Manzur, A McKinsey, DN Monzani, ME Ni, K Oberlack, U Orboeck, J Plante, G Santorelli, R dos Santos, JMF Shagin, P Shutt, T Sorensen, P Schulte, S Winant, C Yamashita, M AF Angle, J. Aprile, E. Arneodo, F. Baudis, L. Bernstein, A. Bolozdynya, A. Coelho, L. C. C. Dahl, C. E. DeViveiros, L. Ferella, A. D. Fernandes, L. M. P. Fiorucci, S. Gaitskell, R. J. Giboni, K. L. Gomez, R. Hasty, R. Kastens, L. Kwong, J. Lopes, J. A. M. Madden, N. Manalaysay, A. Manzur, A. McKinsey, D. N. Monzani, M. E. Ni, K. Oberlack, U. Orboeck, J. Plante, G. Santorelli, R. dos Santos, J. M. F. Shagin, P. Shutt, T. Sorensen, P. Schulte, S. Winant, C. Yamashita, M. CA XENON10 Collaboration TI Constraints on inelastic dark matter from XENON10 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LIQUID XENON; NUCLEAR RECOILS; SCINTILLATION; LUMINESCENCE; DETECTOR; ARGON AB It has been suggested that dark matter particles which scatter inelastically from detector target nuclei could explain the apparent incompatibility of the DAMA modulation signal (interpreted as evidence for particle dark matter) with the null results from CDMS-II and XENON10. Among the predictions of inelastically interacting dark matter are a suppression of low-energy events, and a population of nuclear recoil events at higher nuclear recoil equivalent energies. This is in stark contrast to the well-known expectation of a falling exponential spectrum for the case of elastic interactions. We present a new analysis of XENON10 dark matter search data extending to E(nr)=75 keV nuclear recoil equivalent energy. Our results exclude a significant region of previously allowed parameter space in the model of inelastically interacting dark matter. In particular, it is found that dark matter particle masses m(chi)greater than or similar to 150 GeV are disfavored. C1 [Angle, J.; Manalaysay, A.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Angle, J.; Baudis, L.; Ferella, A. D.; Manalaysay, A.] Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Aprile, E.; Giboni, K. L.; Monzani, M. E.; Plante, G.; Santorelli, R.; Yamashita, M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Arneodo, F.; Ferella, A. D.] Gran Sasso Natl Lab, I-67010 Laquila, Italy. [Bernstein, A.; Madden, N.; Sorensen, P.; Winant, C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Bolozdynya, A.; Shutt, T.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Coelho, L. C. C.; Fernandes, L. M. P.; Lopes, J. A. M.; dos Santos, J. M. F.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, P-3004516 Coimbra, Portugal. [Dahl, C. E.; Kwong, J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [DeViveiros, L.; Fiorucci, S.; Gaitskell, R. J.] Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Gomez, R.; Oberlack, U.; Shagin, P.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Hasty, R.; Kastens, L.; Manzur, A.; McKinsey, D. N.; Ni, K.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Orboeck, J.; Schulte, S.] Univ Aachen, Dept Phys, Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. RP Angle, J (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM pfs@llnl.gov RI Yamashita, Masaki/A-4300-2011; Coelho, Luis/F-4493-2012; Fiorucci, Stefano/I-1251-2012; Arneodo, Francesco/B-8076-2013; de Viveiros, Luiz/M-9205-2013; matias-lopes, jose/H-6074-2012; dos Santos, Joaquim/B-3058-2015; Arneodo, Francesco/E-5061-2015; Fernandes, Luis/E-2372-2011; Santorelli, Roberto/L-6017-2015; Coelho, Luis/D-9295-2014 OI Baudis, Laura/0000-0003-4710-1768; dos Santos, Joaquim Marques Ferreira/0000-0002-8841-6523; Ferella, Alfredo Davide/0000-0002-6006-9160; Dahl, Carl Eric/0000-0003-1637-2346; Coelho, Luis/0000-0001-6205-9479; Arneodo, Francesco/0000-0002-1061-0510; de Viveiros, Luiz/0000-0002-7038-2361; matias-lopes, jose/0000-0002-6366-2963; Arneodo, Francesco/0000-0002-1061-0510; Fernandes, Luis/0000-0002-7061-8768; Santorelli, Roberto/0000-0002-0012-2644; Coelho, Luis/0000-0001-6205-9479 FU NSF [PHY-03-02646, PHY-04-00596]; CAREER [PHY-0542066]; DOE [DE-FG02-91ER40688]; NIH [RR19895]; SNF [20-118119]; FCT [POCI/FIS/60534/2004]; Volkswagen Foundation FX The authors would like to thank N. Weiner for insight and discussions on inelastic dark matter. This work also benefitted from discussions during the "New Paradigms for Dark Matter'' workshop at the University of California, Davis, December 5-6, 2008. We gratefully acknowledge support from NSF Grants No. PHY-03-02646 and No. PHY-04-00596, CAREER Grant No. PHY-0542066, DOE Grant No. DE-FG02-91ER40688, NIH Grant No. RR19895, SNF Grant No. 20-118119, FCT Grant No. POCI/FIS/60534/2004 and the Volkswagen Foundation. NR 35 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 115005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.115005 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000075 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Poireau, V Prencipe, E Prudent, X Tisserand, V Tico, JG Grauges, E Martinelli, M Palano, A Pappagallo, M Eigen, G Stugu, B Sun, L Battaglia, M Brown, DN Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Lynch, G Osipenkov, IL Tackmann, K Tanabe, T Hawkes, CM Soni, N Watson, AT Koch, H Schroeder, T Asgeirsson, DJ Fulsom, BG Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Barrett, M Khan, A Randle-Conde, A Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Buzykaev, AR Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Todyshev, KY Bondioli, M Curry, S Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Lund, P Mandelkern, M Martin, EC Stoker, DP Atmacan, H Gary, JW Liu, F Long, O Vitug, GM Yasin, Z Sharma, V Campagnari, C Hong, TM Kovalskyi, D Mazur, MA Richman, JD Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Martinez, AJ Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Wang, L Winstrom, LO Cheng, CH Doll, DA Echenard, B Fang, F Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Ongmongkolkul, P Piatenko, T Porter, FC Andreassen, R Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Mishra, K Sokoloff, MD Bloom, PC Ford, WT Gaz, A Hirschauer, JF Nagel, M Nauenberg, U Smith, JG Wagner, SR Ayad, R Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Feltresi, E Hauke, A Jasper, H Karbach, TM Merkel, J Petzold, A Spaan, B Wacker, K Kobel, MJ Nogowski, R Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Bernard, D Latour, E Verderi, M Clark, PJ Playfer, S Watson, JE Andreotti, M Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cecchi, A Cibinetto, G Fioravanti, E Franchini, P Luppi, E Munerato, M Negrini, M Petrella, A Piemontese, L Santoro, V Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Pacetti, S Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Rama, M Zallo, A Contri, R Guido, E Lo Vetere, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Tosi, S Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Adametz, A Marks, J Schenk, S Uwer, U Bernlochner, FU Klose, V Lacker, HM Lueck, T Volk, A Bard, DJ Dauncey, PD Tibbetts, M Behera, PK Charles, MJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Dong, L Eyges, V Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Gao, YY Gritsan, AV Guo, ZJ Arnaud, N Bequilleux, J D'Orazio, A Davier, M Derkach, D da Costa, JF Grosdidier, G Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Malaescu, B Pruvot, S Roudeau, P Schune, MH Serrano, J Sordini, V Stocchi, A Wormser, G Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bingham, I Burke, JP Chavez, CA Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Payne, DJ Touramanis, C Bevan, AJ Clarke, CK Di Lodovico, F Sacco, R Sigamani, M Cowan, G Paramesvaran, S Wren, AC Brown, DN Davis, CL Denig, AG Fritsch, M Gradl, W Hafner, A Alwyn, KE Bailey, D Barlow, RJ Jackson, G Lafferty, GD West, TJ Yi, JI Anderson, J Chen, C Jawahery, A Roberts, DA Simi, G Tuggle, JM Dallapiccola, C Salvati, E Cowan, R Dujmic, D Fisher, PH Henderson, SW Sciolla, G Spitznagel, M Yamamoto, RK Zhao, M Patel, PM Robertson, SH Schram, M 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Yi, J. I. Anderson, J. Chen, C. Jawahery, A. Roberts, D. A. Simi, G. Tuggle, J. M. Dallapiccola, C. Salvati, E. Cowan, R. Dujmic, D. Fisher, P. H. Henderson, S. W. Sciolla, G. Spitznagel, M. Yamamoto, R. K. Zhao, M. Patel, P. M. Robertson, S. H. Schram, M. Biassoni, P. Lazzaro, A. Lombardo, V. Palombo, F. Stracka, S. Cremaldi, L. Godang, R. Kroeger, R. Sonnek, P. Summers, D. J. Zhao, H. W. Simard, M. Taras, P. Nicholson, H. De Nardo, G. Lista, L. Monorchio, D. Onorato, G. Sciacca, C. Raven, G. Snoek, H. L. Jessop, C. P. Knoepfel, K. J. LoSecco, J. M. Wang, W. F. Corwin, L. A. Honscheid, K. Kagan, H. Kass, R. Morris, J. P. Rahimi, A. M. Sekula, S. J. Wong, Q. K. Blount, N. L. Brau, J. Frey, R. Igonkina, O. Kolb, J. A. Lu, M. Rahmat, R. Sinev, N. B. Strom, D. Strube, J. Torrence, E. Castelli, G. Gagliardi, N. Margoni, M. Morandin, M. Posocco, M. Rotondo, M. Simonetto, F. Stroili, R. Voci, C. Sanchez, P. del Amo Ben-Haim, E. Bonneaud, G. R. Briand, H. Chauveau, J. Hamon, O. Leruste, Ph. 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L. Leith, D. W. G. S. Li, S. Lindquist, B. Luitz, S. Luth, V. Lynch, H. L. MacFarlane, D. B. Marsiske, H. Messner, R. Muller, D. R. Neal, H. Nelson, S. O'Grady, C. P. Ofte, I. Perl, M. Ratcliff, B. N. Roodman, A. Salnikov, A. A. Schindler, R. H. Schwiening, J. Snyder, A. Su, D. Sullivan, M. K. Suzuki, K. Swain, S. K. Thompson, J. M. Va'vra, J. Wagner, A. P. Weaver, M. West, C. A. Wisniewski, W. J. Wittgen, M. Wright, D. H. Wulsin, H. W. Yarritu, A. K. Young, C. C. Ziegler, V. Chen, X. R. Liu, H. Park, W. Purohit, M. V. White, R. M. Wilson, J. R. Bellis, M. Burchat, P. R. Edwards, A. J. Miyashita, T. S. Ahmed, S. Alam, M. S. Ernst, J. A. Pan, B. Saeed, M. A. Zain, S. B. Soffer, A. Spanier, S. M. Wogsland, B. J. Eckmann, R. Ritchie, J. L. Ruland, A. M. Schilling, C. J. Schwitters, R. F. Wray, B. C. Drummond, B. W. Izen, J. M. Lou, X. C. Bianchi, F. Gamba, D. Pelliccioni, M. Bomben, M. Bosisio, L. Cartaro, C. Della Ricca, G. Lanceri, L. Vitale, L. Azzolini, V. Lopez-March, N. Martinez-Vidal, F. Milanes, D. A. Oyanguren, A. Albert, J. Banerjee, Sw. Bhuyan, B. Choi, H. H. F. Hamano, K. King, G. J. Kowalewski, R. Lewczuk, M. J. Nugent, I. M. Roney, J. M. Sobie, R. J. Gershon, T. J. Harrison, P. F. Ilic, J. Latham, T. E. Mohanty, G. B. Puccio, E. M. T. Band, H. R. Chen, X. Dasu, S. Flood, K. T. Pan, Y. Prepost, R. Vuosalo, C. O. Wu, S. L. CA BABAR Collaboration TI B meson decays to charmless meson pairs containing eta or eta' mesons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QCD FACTORIZATION; PERTURBATIVE QCD; STANDARD MODEL; PENGUIN DECAYS; PARAMETERS; PHYSICS; LIGHT AB We present updated measurements of the branching fractions for B-0 meson decays to eta K-0, eta eta, eta phi, eta omega, eta K-'(0), eta(')eta('), eta(')phi, and eta(')omega, and branching fractions and CP-violating charge asymmetries for B+ decays to eta pi(+), eta K+, eta(')pi(+), and eta K-'(+). The data represent the full data set of 467x10(6) BB pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Besides large signals for the four charged B decay modes and for B-0 ->eta K-'(0), we find evidence for three B-0 decay modes at greater than 3.0 sigma significance. We find B(B-0 ->eta K-0)=(1.15(-0.38)(+0.43)+/- 0.09)x10(-6), B(B-0 ->eta omega)=(0.94(-0.30)(+0.35)+/- 0.09)x10(-6), and B(B-0 ->eta(')omega)=(1.01(-0.38)(+0.46)+/- 0.09)x10(-6), where the first (second) uncertainty is statistical (systematic). For the B+->eta K+ decay mode, we measure the charge asymmetry A(ch)(B+->eta K+)=-0.36 +/- 0.11 +/- 0.03. C1 [Aubert, B.; Karyotakis, Y.; Lees, J. P.; Poireau, V.; Prencipe, E.; Prudent, X.; Tisserand, V.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, IN2P3, LAPP, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Tico, J. Garra; Grauges, E.] Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, Dept ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. 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[Carpinelli, M.] Univ Sassari, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Peruzzi, I. M.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Univ Savoie, CNRS, IN2P3, LAPP, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Stracka, Simone/M-3931-2015; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Pappagallo, Marco/R-3305-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Oyanguren, Arantza/K-6454-2014; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; White, Ryan/E-2979-2015; OI Corwin, Luke/0000-0001-7143-3821; Lanceri, Livio/0000-0001-8220-3095; Ebert, Marcus/0000-0002-3014-1512; Hamel de Monchenault, Gautier/0000-0002-3872-3592; Carpinelli, Massimo/0000-0002-8205-930X; Sciacca, Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072; Adye, Tim/0000-0003-0627-5059; Lafferty, George/0000-0003-0658-4919; Martinelli, Maurizio/0000-0003-4792-9178; Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Stracka, Simone/0000-0003-0013-4714; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Pappagallo, Marco/0000-0001-7601-5602; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Oyanguren, Arantza/0000-0002-8240-7300; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; White, Ryan/0000-0003-3589-5900; Strube, Jan/0000-0001-7470-9301; Chen, Chunhui /0000-0003-1589-9955; Bellis, Matthew/0000-0002-6353-6043 FU U. S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada); Commissariat a 'l'Energie Atomique; Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (France); Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Germany); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italy); Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter; Research Council of Norway; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia (Spain); Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom); European Union; A. P. Sloan Foundation FX We are grateful for the extraordinary contributions of our PEP- II colleagues in achieving the excellent luminosity and machine conditions that have made this work possible. The success of this project also relies critically on the expertise and dedication of the computing organizations that support BABAR. The collaborating institutions wish to thank SLAC for its support and the kind hospitality extended to them. This work is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy and National Science Foundation, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada), the Commissariat a 'l'Energie Atomique and Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (France), the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Germany), the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italy), the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (The Netherlands), the Research Council of Norway, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia (Spain), and the Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie IEF program (European Union) and the A. P. Sloan Foundation. NR 58 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 112002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.112002 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000015 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Poireau, V Prencipe, E Prudent, X Tisserand, V Tico, JG Grauges, E Martinelli, M Palano, A Pappagallo, M Eigen, G Stugu, B Sun, L Battaglia, M Brown, DN Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Lynch, G Osipenkov, IL Tackmann, K Tanabe, T Hawkes, CM Soni, N Watson, AT Koch, H Schroeder, T Asgeirsson, DJ Fulsom, BG Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Barrett, M Khan, A Randle-Conde, A Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Buzykaev, AR Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Todyshev, KY Bondioli, M Curry, S Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Lund, P Mandelkern, M Martin, EC Stoker, DP Abachi, S Buchanan, C Atmacan, H Gary, JW Liu, F Long, O Vitug, GM Yasin, Z Zhang, L Sharma, V Campagnari, C Hong, TM Kovalskyi, D Mazur, MA Richman, JD Beck, 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Schalk, T. Schumm, B. A. Seiden, A. Winstrom, L. O. Cheng, C. H. Doll, D. A. Echenard, B. Fang, F. Hitlin, D. G. Narsky, I. Piatenko, T. Porter, F. C. Andreassen, R. Mancinelli, G. Meadows, B. T. Mishra, K. Sokoloff, M. D. Bloom, P. C. Ford, W. T. Gaz, A. Hirschauer, J. F. Nagel, M. Nauenberg, U. Smith, J. G. Wagner, S. R. Ayad, R. Soffer, A. Toki, W. H. Wilson, R. J. Feltresi, E. Hauke, A. Jasper, H. Karbach, T. M. Merkel, J. Petzold, A. Spaan, B. Wacker, K. Kobel, M. J. Nogowski, R. Schubert, K. R. Schwierz, R. Volk, A. Bernard, D. Bonneaud, G. R. Latour, E. Verderi, M. Clark, P. J. Playfer, S. Watson, J. E. Andreotti, M. Bettoni, D. Bozzi, C. Calabrese, R. Cecchi, A. Cibinetto, G. Fioravanti, E. Franchini, P. Luppi, E. Munerato, M. Negrini, M. Petrella, A. Piemontese, L. Santoro, V. Baldini-Ferroli, R. Calcaterra, A. de Sangro, R. Finocchiaro, G. Pacetti, S. Patteri, P. Peruzzi, I. M. Piccolo, M. Rama, M. Zallo, A. Contri, R. Guido, E. Lo Vetere, M. Monge, M. R. Passaggio, S. Patrignani, C. Robutti, E. Tosi, S. Chaisanguanthum, K. S. Morii, M. Adametz, A. Marks, J. Schenk, S. Uwer, U. Bernlochner, F. U. Klose, V. Lacker, H. M. Bard, D. J. Dauncey, P. D. Tibbetts, M. Behera, P. K. Charles, M. J. Mallik, U. Cochran, J. Crawley, H. B. Dong, L. Eyges, V. Meyer, W. T. Prell, S. Rosenberg, E. I. Rubin, A. E. Gao, Y. Y. Gritsan, A. V. Guo, Z. J. Arnaud, N. Bequilleux, J. D'Orazio, A. Davier, M. Derkach, D. da Costa, J. Firmino Grosdidier, G. Le Diberder, F. Lepeltier, V. Lutz, A. M. Malaescu, B. Pruvot, S. Roudeau, P. Schune, M. H. Serrano, J. Sordini, V. Stocchi, A. Wormser, G. Lange, D. J. Wright, D. M. Bingham, I. Burke, J. P. Chavez, C. A. Fry, J. R. Gabathuler, E. Gamet, R. Hutchcroft, D. E. Payne, D. J. Touramanis, C. Bevan, A. J. Clarke, C. K. Di Lodovico, F. Sacco, R. Sigamani, M. Cowan, G. Paramesvaran, S. Wren, A. C. Brown, D. N. Davis, C. L. Denig, A. G. Fritsch, M. Gradl, W. Hafner, A. Alwyn, K. E. Bailey, D. Barlow, R. J. Jackson, G. Lafferty, G. D. West, T. J. Yi, J. I. Anderson, J. Chen, C. Jawahery, A. Roberts, D. A. Simi, G. Tuggle, J. M. Dallapiccola, C. Salvati, E. Saremi, S. Cowan, R. Dujmic, D. Fisher, P. H. Henderson, S. W. Sciolla, G. Spitznagel, M. Yamamoto, R. K. Zhao, M. Patel, P. M. Robertson, S. H. Schram, M. Lazzaro, A. Lombardo, V. Palombo, F. Stracka, S. Bauer, J. M. Cremaldi, L. Godang, R. Kroeger, R. Summers, D. J. Zhao, H. W. Simard, M. Taras, P. Nicholson, H. De Nardo, G. Lista, L. Monorchio, D. Onorato, G. Sciacca, C. Raven, G. Snoek, H. L. Jessop, C. P. Knoepfel, K. J. LoSecco, J. M. Wang, W. F. Corwin, L. A. Honscheid, K. Kagan, H. Kass, R. Morris, J. P. Rahimi, A. M. Regensburger, J. J. Sekula, S. J. Wong, Q. K. Blount, N. L. Brau, J. Frey, R. Igonkina, O. Kolb, J. A. Lu, M. Rahmat, R. Sinev, N. B. Strom, D. Strube, J. Torrence, E. Castelli, G. Gagliardi, N. Margoni, M. Morandin, M. Posocco, M. Rotondo, M. Simonetto, F. Stroili, R. Voci, C. Sanchez, P. del Amo Ben-Haim, E. Briand, H. Chauveau, J. Hamon, O. Leruste, Ph. Marchiori, G. Ocariz, J. Perez, A. Prendki, J. Sitt, S. Gladney, L. Biasini, M. Manoni, E. Angelini, C. Batignani, G. Bettarini, S. Calderini, G. Carpinelli, M. Cervelli, A. Forti, F. Giorgi, M. A. Lusiani, A. Morganti, M. Neri, N. Paoloni, E. Rizzo, G. Walsh, J. J. Pegna, D. Lopes Lu, C. Olsen, J. Smith, A. J. S. Telnov, A. V. Anulli, F. Baracchini, E. Cavoto, G. Faccini, R. Ferrarotto, F. Ferroni, F. Gaspero, M. Jackson, P. D. Gioi, L. Li Mazzoni, M. A. Morganti, S. Piredda, G. Renga, F. Voena, C. Ebert, M. Hartmann, T. Schroeder, H. Waldi, R. Adye, T. Franek, B. Olaiya, E. O. Wilson, F. F. Emery, S. Esteve, L. de Monchenault, G. Hamel Kozanecki, W. Vasseur, G. Yeche, Ch. Zito, M. Allen, M. T. Aston, D. Bartoldus, R. Benitez, J. F. Cenci, R. Coleman, J. P. Convery, M. R. Dingfelder, J. C. Dorfan, J. Dubois-Felsmann, G. P. Dunwoodie, W. Field, R. C. Gabareen, A. M. Graham, M. T. Grenier, P. Hast, C. Innes, W. R. Kaminski, J. Kelsey, M. H. Kim, H. Kim, P. Kocian, M. L. Leith, D. W. G. S. Li, S. Lindquist, B. Luitz, S. Luth, V. Lynch, H. L. MacFarlane, D. B. Marsiske, H. Messner, R. Muller, D. R. Neal, H. Nelson, S. O'Grady, C. P. Ofte, I. Perl, M. Ratcliff, B. N. Roodman, A. Salnikov, A. A. Schindler, R. H. Schwiening, J. Snyder, A. Su, D. Sullivan, M. K. Suzuki, K. Swain, S. K. Thompson, J. M. Va'vra, J. Wagner, A. P. Weaver, M. West, C. A. Wisniewski, W. J. Wittgen, M. Wright, D. H. Wulsin, H. W. Yarritu, A. K. Yi, K. Young, C. C. Ziegler, V. Chen, X. R. Liu, H. Park, W. Purohit, M. V. White, R. M. Wilson, J. R. Burchat, P. R. Edwards, A. J. Miyashita, T. S. Ahmed, S. Alam, M. S. Ernst, J. A. Pan, B. Saeed, M. A. Zain, S. B. Spanier, S. M. Wogsland, B. J. Eckmann, R. Ritchie, J. L. Ruland, A. M. Schilling, C. J. Schwitters, R. F. Wray, B. C. Drummond, B. W. Izen, J. M. Lou, X. C. Bianchi, F. Gamba, D. Pelliccioni, M. Bomben, M. Bosisio, L. Cartaro, C. Della Ricca, G. Lanceri, L. Vitale, L. Azzolini, V. Lopez-March, N. Martinez-Vidal, F. Milanes, D. A. Oyanguren, A. Albert, J. Banerjee, Sw. Bhuyan, B. Choi, H. H. F. Hamano, K. King, G. J. Kowalewski, R. Lewczuk, M. J. Nugent, I. M. Roney, J. M. Sobie, R. J. Gershon, T. J. Harrison, P. F. Ilic, J. Latham, T. E. Mohanty, G. B. Puccio, E. M. T. Band, H. R. Chen, X. Dasu, S. Flood, K. T. Pan, Y. Prepost, R. Vuosalo, C. O. Wu, S. L. CA BABAR Collaboration TI Time-dependent amplitude analysis of B-0 -> K-S(0)pi(+)pi(-) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CP ASYMMETRIES; B-DECAYS; VIOLATION AB We perform a time-dependent amplitude analysis of B-0 -> K-S(0)pi(+)pi(-) decays to extract the CP violation parameters of f(0)(980)K-S(0) and rho(0)(770)K-S(0) and the direct CP asymmetry of K*+(892)pi(-). The results are obtained from a data sample of (383 +/- 3)x10(6) BB decays, collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory at SLAC. We find two solutions, with an equivalent goodness-of-fit. Including systematic and Dalitz plot model uncertainties, the combined confidence interval for values of the CP parameter beta(eff) in B-0 decays to f(0)(980)K-S(0) is 18 degrees K*+(892)pi(-) and B-0 -> K*-(892)pi(+), excludes the interval -137 degrees l(+)nu(l)gamma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FACTORIZATION; HEAVY AB We present a search for the radiative leptonic decay B+-> l(+)nu(l)gamma, where l=e, mu, using a data sample of 465x10(6) BB pairs collected by the BABAR experiment. In this analysis, we fully reconstruct the hadronic decay of one of the B mesons in Upsilon(4S)-> B+B- decays, then search for evidence of B+-> l(+)nu(l)gamma in the rest of the event. We observe no significant evidence of signal decays and report model-independent branching fraction upper limits of B(B+-> e(+)nu(e)gamma)< 17x10(-6), B(B+->mu(+)nu(mu)gamma)< 24x10(-6), and B(B+-> l(+)nu(l)gamma)< 15.6x10(-6) (l=e or mu), all at the 90% confidence level. 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A.; Morganti, S.; Piredda, G.; Renga, F.; Voena, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Baracchini, E.; Faccini, R.; Ferroni, F.; Gaspero, M.; Renga, F.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Ebert, M.; Hartmann, T.; Schroeder, H.; Waldi, R.] Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. [Adye, T.; Franek, B.; Olaiya, E. O.; Wilson, F. F.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Emery, S.; Esteve, L.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Kozanecki, W.; Vasseur, G.; Yeche, Ch.; Zito, M.] CEA, Ctr Saclay, SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Allen, M. T.; Aston, D.; Bartoldus, R.; Benitez, J. F.; Cenci, R.; Coleman, J. P.; Convery, M. R.; Dingfelder, J. C.; Dorfan, J.; Dubois-Felsmann, G. P.; Dunwoodie, W.; Field, R. C.; Sevilla, M. Franco; Gabareen, A. M.; Graham, M. T.; Grenier, P.; Hast, C.; Innes, W. R.; Kaminski, J.; Kelsey, M. H.; Kim, H.; Kim, P.; Kocian, M. L.; Leith, D. W. G. S.; Li, S.; Lindquist, B.; Luitz, S.; Luth, V.; Lynch, H. L.; MacFarlane, D. B.; Marsiske, H.; Messner, R.; Muller, D. R.; Neal, H.; Nelson, S.; O'Grady, C. P.; Ofte, I.; Perl, M.; Ratcliff, B. N.; Roodman, A.; Salnikov, A. A.; Schindler, R. H.; Schwiening, J.; Snyder, A.; Su, D.; Sullivan, M. K.; Suzuki, K.; Swain, S. K.; Thompson, J. M.; Va'vra, J.; Wagner, A. P.; Weaver, M.; West, C. A.; Wisniewski, W. J.; Wittgen, M.; Wright, D. H.; Wulsin, H. W.; Yarritu, A. K.; Young, C. C.; Ziegler, V.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. [Chen, X. R.; Liu, H.; Park, W.; Purohit, M. V.; White, R. M.; Wilson, J. R.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Burchat, P. R.; Edwards, A. J.; Miyashita, T. S.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ahmed, S.; Alam, M. S.; Ernst, J. A.; Pan, B.; Saeed, M. A.; Zain, S. B.] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Soffer, A.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Spanier, S. M.; Wogsland, B. J.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Eckmann, R.; Ritchie, J. L.; Ruland, A. M.; Schilling, C. J.; Schwitters, R. F.; Wray, B. C.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Drummond, B. W.; Izen, J. M.; Lou, X. C.] Univ Texas Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Bianchi, F.; Gamba, D.; Pelliccioni, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bianchi, F.; Gamba, D.; Pelliccioni, M.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bomben, M.; Bosisio, L.; Cartaro, C.; Della Ricca, G.; Lanceri, L.; Vitale, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bomben, M.; Bosisio, L.; Cartaro, C.; Della Ricca, G.; Lanceri, L.; Vitale, L.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Azzolini, V.; Lopez-March, N.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Milanes, D. A.; Oyanguren, A.] Univ Valencia, IFIC, CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. [Albert, J.; Banerjee, Sw.; Bhuyan, B.; Choi, H. H. F.; Hamano, K.; King, G. J.; Kowalewski, R.; Lewczuk, M. J.; Nugent, I. M.; Roney, J. M.; Sobie, R. J.] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. [Gershon, T. J.; Harrison, P. F.; Ilic, J.; Latham, T. E.; Mohanty, G. B.; Puccio, E. M. T.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Band, H. R.; Chen, X.; Dasu, S.; Flood, K. T.; Pan, Y.; Prepost, R.; Vuosalo, C. O.; Wu, S. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Carpinelli, M.] Univ Sassari, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Univ Savoie, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Stracka, Simone/M-3931-2015; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Pappagallo, Marco/R-3305-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Oyanguren, Arantza/K-6454-2014; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; White, Ryan/E-2979-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009 OI Raven, Gerhard/0000-0002-2897-5323; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Stracka, Simone/0000-0003-0013-4714; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Pappagallo, Marco/0000-0001-7601-5602; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Oyanguren, Arantza/0000-0002-8240-7300; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; White, Ryan/0000-0003-3589-5900; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747 FU DOE; NSF (USA); NSERC (Canada); CEA; CNRS-IN2P3 (France); BMBF; DFG (Germany); INFN (Italy); FOM (The Netherlands); NFR (Norway); MES (Russia); MEC (Spain); STFC (United Kingdom); European Union; A. P. Sloan Foundation FX We are grateful for the excellent luminosity and machine conditions provided by our PEP-II colleagues, and for the substantial dedicated effort from the computing organizations that support BABAR. The collaborating institutions wish to thank SLAC for its support and kind hospitality. This work is supported by the DOE and NSF (USA), NSERC (Canada), CEA and CNRS-IN2P3 (France), BMBF and DFG (Germany), INFN (Italy), FOM (The Netherlands), NFR (Norway), MES (Russia), MEC (Spain), and STFC (United Kingdom). Individuals have received support from the Marie Curie EIF (European Union) and the A. P. Sloan Foundation. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 111105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.111105 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000005 ER PT J AU Awad, A Das, SR Ghosh, A Oh, JH Trivedi, SP AF Awad, Adel Das, Sumit R. Ghosh, Archisman Oh, Jae-Hyuk Trivedi, Sandip P. TI Slowly varying dilaton cosmologies and their field theory duals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ADS/CFT CORRESPONDENCE; RENORMALIZATION; ENERGY; TENSOR; LIMIT AB We consider a deformation of the AdS(5)xS(5) solution of IIB supergravity obtained by taking the boundary value of the dilaton to be time dependent. The time dependence is taken to be slowly varying on the anti-de Sitter (AdS) scale thereby introducing a small parameter epsilon. The boundary dilaton has a profile which asymptotes to a constant in the far past and future and attains a minimum value at intermediate times. We construct the supergravity (sugra) solution to first nontrivial order in epsilon, and find that it is smooth, horizon-free, and asymptotically AdS(5)xS(5) in the far future. When the intermediate values of the dilaton becomes small enough the curvature becomes of order the string scale and the sugra approximation breaks down. The resulting dynamics is analyzed in the dual SU(N) gauge theory on S(3) with a time dependent coupling constant which varies slowly. When N epsilon < 1, we find that a quantum adiabatic approximation is applicable, and use it to argue that at late times the geometry becomes smooth AdS(5)xS(5) again. When N epsilon 1, we formulate a classical adiabatic perturbation theory based on coherent states which arises in the large N limit. For large values of the 't Hooft coupling this reproduces the supergravity results. For small 't Hooft coupling the coherent state calculations become involved and we cannot reach a definite conclusion. We argue that the final state should have a dual description which is mostly smooth AdS(5) space with the possible presence of a small black hole. C1 [Awad, Adel] British Univ Egypt, Ctr Theoret Phys, Sherouk City 11837, Egypt. [Awad, Adel] Ain Shams Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Cairo 11566, Egypt. [Das, Sumit R.; Ghosh, Archisman; Oh, Jae-Hyuk] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Trivedi, Sandip P.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Trivedi, Sandip P.] Stanford Inst Theoret Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Trivedi, Sandip P.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Awad, A (reprint author), British Univ Egypt, Ctr Theoret Phys, POB 43, Sherouk City 11837, Egypt. EM adel@pa.uky.edu; das@pa.uky.edu; archisman.ghosh@uky.edu; jaehyukoh@uky.edu; trivedi.sp@gmail.com OI Awad, Adel/0000-0001-8454-5865 NR 50 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 12 AR 126011 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.126011 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DI UT WOS:000273233300171 ER PT J AU Barenboim, G Lykken, JD AF Barenboim, Gabriela Lykken, Joseph D. TI MINOS and CPT-violating neutrinos SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID OSCILLATIONS; SEARCH; LSND; REACTOR; PHYSICS; LIMITS AB We review the status of CPT violation in the neutrino sector. Apart from LSND, current data favors three flavors of light stable neutrinos and antineutrinos, with both halves of the spectrum having one smaller mass splitting and one larger mass splitting. Oscillation data for the smaller splitting are consistent with CPT. For the larger splitting, current data favor an antineutrino mass-squared splitting that is an order of magnitude larger than the corresponding neutrino splitting, with the corresponding mixing angle less than maximal. This CPT-violating spectrum is driven by recent results from MINOS, but is consistent with other experiments if we ignore LSND. We describe an analysis technique which, together with MINOS running optimized for muon antineutrinos, should be able to conclusively confirm the CPT-violating spectrum proposed here, with as little as 3 times the current data set. If confirmed, the CPT-violating neutrino mass-squared difference would be an order of magnitude less than the current most-stringent upper bound on CPT violation for quarks and charged leptons. C1 [Barenboim, Gabriela] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Dept Fis Teor, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. [Barenboim, Gabriela] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. [Lykken, Joseph D.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Barenboim, G (reprint author), Univ Valencia, CSIC, Dept Fis Teor, Carrer Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. EM gabriela.barenboim@uv.es; lykken@fnal.gov NR 62 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 113008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.113008 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000025 ER PT J AU Bousso, R Yang, IS AF Bousso, Raphael Yang, I-Sheng TI Global-local duality in eternal inflation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID STATIONARY UNIVERSE; COSMOLOGY AB We prove that the light-cone time cutoff on the multiverse defines the same probabilities as a causal patch with initial conditions in the longest-lived metastable vacuum. This establishes the equivalence of two measures of eternal inflation which naively appear very different (though both are motivated by holography). The duality can be traced to an underlying geometric relation which we identify. C1 [Bousso, Raphael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bousso, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics; National Science Foundation [0349351]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We are grateful to B. Freivogel for very helpful discussions. This work was supported by the Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics, by a CAREER grant (award No. 0349351) of the National Science Foundation, and by the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 57 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 12 AR 124024 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.124024 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DI UT WOS:000273233300093 ER PT J AU Cheng, HY Chua, CK AF Cheng, Hai-Yang Chua, Chun-Khiang TI QCD factorization for charmless hadronic B-s decays revisited SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CP VIOLATION; BRANCHING FRACTIONS; STANDARD MODEL; MESON DECAYS; HEAVY-QUARK; POLARIZATION; PHYSICS; PI; ASYMMETRIES; PUZZLE AB Branching fractions and CP-violating asymmetries of charmless B-s -> PP, VP, VV decays (P and V denoting pseudoscalar and vector mesons, respectively) are reexamined in the framework of QCD factorization (QCDF). We take into account subleading power corrections to the penguin annihilation topology and to color-suppressed tree amplitudes that are crucial for resolving the CP puzzles and rate deficit problems with penguin-dominated two-body decays and color-suppressed tree-dominated pi(0)pi(0) and rho(0)pi(0) modes in the B-u,B-d sector. Many of the B-s -> h(1)h(2) decays can be related to B-d -> h(1)h(2) ones via U-spin or SU(3) symmetry. Some useful model-independent relations can be derived and tested. Mixing-induced CP asymmetries for many of the penguin-dominated decays are predicted to be very small in the standard model. They are sensitive to new physics and offer rich possibilities of new discoveries. Measurements of direct CP-violating asymmetries can be used to discriminate QCDF from other competing approaches such as pQCD and soft-collinear effective theory. C1 [Cheng, Hai-Yang] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Cheng, Hai-Yang] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Chua, Chun-Khiang] Chung Yuan Christian Univ, Dept Phys, Chungli 320, Taiwan. RP Cheng, HY (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. FU National Science Council of R.O.C. [NSC97-2112-M-001-004-MY3, NSC972112-M-033-002-MY3]; National Center for Theoretical Science FX We are grateful to Cai-Dian Lu r and Amarjit Soni for discussions. One of us (H. Y. C.) wishes to thank the Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory for hospitality. This research was supported in part by the National Science Council of R.O.C. under Grants No. NSC97-2112-M-001-004-MY3 and No. NSC972112-M-033-002-MY3, and by the National Center for Theoretical Science. NR 97 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 114026 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.114026 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000056 ER PT J AU Cheng, HY Chua, CK AF Cheng, Hai-Yang Chua, Chun-Khiang TI Revisiting charmless hadronic B-u,B-d decays in QCD factorization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID B-MESON DECAYS; PI-K DECAYS; PERTURBATIVE QCD; CP ASYMMETRIES; HEAVY-QUARK; SUM-RULE; PUZZLE; PHYSICS; POLARIZATION; VIOLATION AB Within the framework of QCD factorization, we consider two different types of power correction effects in order to resolve the CP puzzles and rate deficit problems with penguin-dominated two-body decays of B mesons and color-suppressed tree-dominated pi(0)pi(0) and rho(0)pi(0) modes: penguin annihilation and soft corrections to the color-suppressed tree amplitude. We emphasize that the electroweak penguin solution to the B -> K pi CP puzzle via new physics is irrelevant for solving the CP and rate puzzles related to tree-dominated decays. While some channels, e.g. K-pi(+), K-rho(0), pi(+)pi(-), rho(+/-)pi(-/+) need penguin annihilation to induce the correct magnitudes and signs for their CP violation, some other decays such as B--> K-pi(0), pi(-)eta, K-eta and B-0 -> K-*0 eta, pi(0)pi(0) require the presence of both power corrections to account for the measured CP asymmetries. In general, QCD factorization predictions for the branching fractions and direct CP asymmetries of B -> PP, VP, VV decays are in good agreement with experiment. The predictions of perturbaive QCD and soft-collinear effective theory are included for comparison. C1 [Cheng, Hai-Yang] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Cheng, Hai-Yang] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Chua, Chun-Khiang] Chung Yuan Christian Univ, Dept Phys, Chungli 320, Taiwan. RP Cheng, HY (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. FU National Science Council [NSC97-2112-M001- 004-MY3, NSC97-2112-M-033-002-MY3] FX We are grateful to C.-H. Chen, C.-W. Chiang, H.-n. Li, T.-N. Pham, and A. Soni for valuable discussions. One of us (H. Y. C.) wishes to thank the hospitality of the Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory. This research was supported in part by the National Science Council of R. O. C. under Grant Nos. NSC97-2112-M001- 004-MY3 and NSC97-2112-M-033-002-MY3. NR 180 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 114008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.114008 PG 33 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000038 ER PT J AU Cholis, I Goodenough, L Hooper, D Simet, M Weiner, N AF Cholis, Ilias Goodenough, Lisa Hooper, Dan Simet, Melanie Weiner, Neal TI High energy positrons from annihilating dark matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID COSMIC-RAY POSITRONS; SUBHALO POPULATIONS; ELECTRONS; PAMELA; SPECTRA; GALAXY; PROPAGATION; SIGNATURES; FRACTION; PROTONS AB Results from the PAMELA experiment indicate the presence of an excess of cosmic ray positrons above 10 GeV. In this paper, we consider the possibility that this signal is the result of dark matter annihilations taking place in the halo of the Milky Way. Rather than focusing on a specific particle physics model, we take a phenomenological approach and consider a variety of masses and two-body annihilation modes, including W(+)W(-), Z(0)Z(0), bb, tau(+)tau(-), mu(+)mu(-), and e(+)e(-). We also consider a range of diffusion parameters consistent with current cosmic ray data. We find that the significant upturn in the positron fraction above 10 GeV can be explained by dark matter annihilation to leptons, although very large annihilation cross sections and/or boost factors arising from inhomogeneities in the local dark matter distribution are required to produce the observed intensity of the signal. We comment on explanations for the large annihilation rate needed to explain the data and additionally on constraints from gamma rays, synchrotron emission, and cosmic ray antiproton measurements. C1 [Cholis, Ilias; Goodenough, Lisa; Weiner, Neal] NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Hooper, Dan; Simet, Melanie] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Hooper, Dan; Simet, Melanie] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Cholis, I (reprint author), NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, 4 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA. RI Simet, Melanie/A-3415-2016; OI Simet, Melanie/0000-0001-8823-8926; Cholis, Ilias/0000-0002-3805-6478 FU U. S. Department of Energy; NASA [NAG510842]; NSF [PHY-0449818]; DOE OJI [DE-FG02-06ER41417] FX We thank D. Finkbeiner and G. Dobler for helpful discussions. D. H. and M. S. are supported by the U. S. Department of Energy and by NASA Grant No. NAG510842. N. W. is supported by NSF CAREER Grant No. PHY-0449818, and I. C., L. G,. and N. W. are supported by DOE OJI Grant No. DE-FG02-06ER41417. NR 89 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 12 AR 123511 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.123511 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DI UT WOS:000273233300042 ER PT J AU Domokos, SK Grigoryan, HR Harvey, JA AF Domokos, Sophia K. Grigoryan, Hovhannes R. Harvey, Jeffrey A. TI Photoproduction through Chern-Simons term induced interactions in holographic QCD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FORM-FACTORS; MESON PHOTOPRODUCTION; SPIN OBSERVABLES; VECTOR-MESONS; HIGH-ENERGIES; BARYONS; PHYSICS; DECAY; PION AB We employ both top-down and bottom-up holographic dual models of QCD to calculate vertex functions and couplings that are induced by the five-dimensional Chern-Simons term. We use these couplings to study the photoproduction of f(1) mesons. The Chern-Simons-term-induced interaction leads to a simple relation between the polarization of the incoming photon and the final state f(1) meson which should allow a clear separation of this interaction from competing processes. C1 [Domokos, Sophia K.; Harvey, Jeffrey A.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Domokos, Sophia K.; Harvey, Jeffrey A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Grigoryan, Hovhannes R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Domokos, SK (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. FU NSF [PHY-00506630, 0529954]; DOE ONP [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX J. H. would like to thank J. Dudek, C. Hill, R. Hill, and J. Rosner for a number of helpful discussions. H. G. thanks T. S. Lee for valuable comments and the EFI for hospitality. This work was supported in part by NSF Grants No. PHY-00506630 and No. 0529954 and by DOE ONP Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 115018 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.115018 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000088 ER PT J AU Fiore, R Jenkovszky, LL Magas, VK Melis, S Prokudin, A AF Fiore, R. Jenkovszky, L. L. Magas, V. K. Melis, S. Prokudin, A. TI Exclusive J/Psi electroproduction in a dual model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID VIRTUAL-COMPTON-SCATTERING; VECTOR-MESON-DOMINANCE; MANDELSTAM ANALYTICITY; HERA; PHOTOPRODUCTION; AMPLITUDE AB Exclusive J/Psi electroproduction is studied in the framework of the analytic S-matrix theory. The differential and integrated elastic cross sections are calculated using the modified dual amplitude with Mandelstam analyticity model. The model is applied to the description of the available experimental data and proves to be valid in a wide region of the kinematical variables s, t, and Q(2). Our amplitude can be used also as a universal background parametrization for the extraction of tiny resonance signals. C1 [Fiore, R.] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. [Fiore, R.] Inst Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Cosenza, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. [Jenkovszky, L. L.] Ukrainian Natl Acad Sci, BITP, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. [Magas, V. K.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Melis, S.] Univ Piemonte Orientale, DiSTA, I-15100 Alessandria, Italy. [Melis, S.; Prokudin, A.] INFN, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Prokudin, A.] Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis Teor, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Prokudin, A.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Fiore, R (reprint author), Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. RI Magas, Volodymyr/J-8599-2016 OI Magas, Volodymyr/0000-0003-3701-8362 FU MICINN (Spain) [FIS2008-01661]; Generalitat de Catalunya (Spain) [2009SGR-1289]; CPAN [CSD2007-00042]; European Community [227431]; Ministero Italiano dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita della Ricerca; DOE [DE-AC05-060R23177] FX We thank F. Paccanoni for fruitful and enlightening discussions. The work of L. J. was supported by the program "Fundamental Properties of Physical Systems under Extreme Conditions'' of the Astronomy and Physics Department, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. V. M. acknowledges the support from the MICINN (Spain) under Contract No. FIS2008-01661; from the Generalitat de Catalunya (Spain), Contract No. 2009SGR-1289; from CPAN Contract No. CSD2007-00042 del ProgramaConsolider-Ingenio 2010; and from the European Community-Research Infrastructure Integrating Activity "Study of Strongly Interacting Matter'' (acronym HadronPhysics2, Grant No. 227431) under the Seventh Framework Programme of EU. The work was supported in part by the Ministero Italiano dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita della Ricerca. L. J. thanks the Department of Theoretical Physics of the University of Calabria and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, where part of this work was done, for their warm hospitality and support. This work was supported by DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-060R23177, under which Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, operates Jefferson Laboratory. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 116001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.116001 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000091 ER PT J AU Gubler, P Jido, D Kojo, T Nishikawa, T Oka, M AF Gubler, Philipp Jido, Daisuke Kojo, Toru Nishikawa, Tetsuo Oka, Makoto TI Possible quantum numbers of the pentaquark Theta(+)(1540) in QCD sum rules SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE PHYSICS; BARYON; EXPLANATION; PREDICTION; DECUPLET; STATES AB The QCD sum rule technique is employed to investigate pentaquark states with strangeness S=+1 and IJ(pi)=0(1/2 +/-), 1(1/2 +/-), 0(3/2 +/-), 1(3/2 +/-). Throughout the calculation, emphasis is laid on the establishment of a valid Borel window, which corresponds to a region of the Borel mass, where the operator product expansion converges and the presumed ground state pole dominates the sum rules. Such a Borel window is achieved by constructing the sum rules from the difference of two independent correlators and by calculating the operator product expansion up to dimension 14. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility of the contamination of the sum rules by possible KN scattering states. As a result, we conclude that the 0(3/2+) state seems to be the most probable candidate for the experimentally observed Theta(+)(1540), while we also obtain states with 0(1/2-), 1(1/2-), 1(3/2+) at somewhat higher mass regions. C1 [Gubler, Philipp; Oka, Makoto] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Jido, Daisuke] Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Kojo, Toru] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RBRC, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Nishikawa, Tetsuo] Ryotokuji Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Chiba 2798567, Japan. RP Gubler, P (reprint author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, H-27, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. EM phil@th.phys.titech.ac.jp RI Gubler, Philipp/E-3094-2015 OI Gubler, Philipp/0000-0002-0991-8462 NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 114030 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.114030 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000060 ER PT J AU Kile, J Soni, A AF Kile, Jennifer Soni, Amarjit TI Hidden MeV-scale dark matter in neutrino detectors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ANNIHILATION EMISSION; SEARCH; MASS; CONSTRAINTS; MODEL; HALO AB The possibility of direct detection of light fermionic dark matter in neutrino detectors is explored from a model-independent standpoint. We consider all operators of dimension six or lower which can contribute to the interaction fp -> e(+)n, where f is a dark Majorana or Dirac fermion. Constraints on these operators are then obtained from the f lifetime and its decays which produce visible gamma rays or electrons. We find one operator which would allow fp -> e(+)n at interesting rates in neutrino detectors, as long as m(f)less than or similar to m(pi). The existing constraints on light dark matter from relic density arguments, supernova cooling rates, and big-bang nucleosynthesis are then reviewed. We calculate the cross section for fp -> e(+)n in neutrino detectors implied by this operator, and find that Super-Kamiokande can probe the new physics scale Lambda for this interaction up to O(100 TeV). C1 [Kile, Jennifer; Soni, Amarjit] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kile, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jenkile@quark.phy.bnl.gov; soni@bnl.gov FU U. S. DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors would like to thank M. Wise for his calculation of the decay width of f -> e+e-nu, as well as numerous helpful comments and suggestions. They would also like to thank H. Davoudiasl, S. Dawson, S. Gopalakrishna, W. Marciano, C. Sturm, and M. Ramsey-Musolf for extensive discussions and helpful advice. This work is supported under U. S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 83 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 115017 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.115017 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000087 ER PT J AU Linder, EV AF Linder, Eric V. TI Exponential gravity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB We investigate a f(R) modification of gravity that is exponential in the Ricci scalar R to explain cosmic acceleration. The steepness of this dependence provides extra freedom to satisfy solar system and other curvature regime constraints. With a parameter to alleviate the usual fine-tuning of having the modification strengthen near the present, the total number of parameters is only one more than Lambda CDM. The resulting class of solutions asymptotes to w=-1 but has no cosmological constant. We calculate the dynamics in detail, examine the effect on the matter power spectrum, and provide a simple fitting form relating the two. C1 [Linder, Eric V.] Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Linder, Eric V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Linder, Eric V.] Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Universe, Seoul, South Korea. RP Linder, EV (reprint author), Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0205CH11231]; World Class Universitity in Korea [R322008-000-10130-0] FX I thank Wayne Hu and Tristan Smith for useful discussions. This work has been supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC0205CH11231, and World Class University Grant No. R322008-000-10130-0 in Korea. NR 15 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 12 AR 123528 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.123528 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DI UT WOS:000273233300059 ER PT J AU Serra, P Cooray, A Holz, DE Melchiorri, A Pandolfi, S Sarkar, D AF Serra, Paolo Cooray, Asantha Holz, Daniel E. Melchiorri, Alessandro Pandolfi, Stefania Sarkar, Devdeep TI No evidence for dark energy dynamics from a global analysis of cosmological data SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPERNOVA DATA; LIGHT CURVES; CONSTRAINTS; CONSTANT; IA; PARAMETERS; UNIVERSE; LAMBDA; MODELS; PROBE AB We use a variant of principal component analysis to investigate the possible temporal evolution of the dark energy equation of state, w(z). We constrain w(z) in multiple redshift bins, utilizing the most recent data from type Ia supernovae, the cosmic microwave background, baryon acoustic oscillations, the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, galaxy clustering, and weak lensing data. Unlike other recent analyses, we find no significant evidence for evolving dark energy; the data remain completely consistent with a cosmological constant. We also study the extent to which the time evolution of the equation of state would be constrained by a combination of current- and future-generation surveys, such as Planck and the Joint Dark Energy Mission. C1 [Serra, Paolo; Cooray, Asantha; Melchiorri, Alessandro; Pandolfi, Stefania; Sarkar, Devdeep] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Cosmol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Holz, Daniel E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Melchiorri, Alessandro; Pandolfi, Stefania] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Melchiorri, Alessandro] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Sez INFN, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Pandolfi, Stefania] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Int Ctr Relativist Astrophys, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Sarkar, Devdeep] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Serra, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Cosmol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM pserra@uci.edu RI Serra, Paolo/G-9678-2014; OI Serra, Paolo/0000-0002-7609-3931; Melchiorri, Alessandro/0000-0001-5326-6003 NR 56 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 12 AR 121302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.121302 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DI UT WOS:000273233300002 ER PT J AU Strikman, M Weiss, C AF Strikman, M. Weiss, C. TI Chiral dynamics and partonic structure at large transverse distances SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC LEPTON SCATTERING; LIGHT-QUARK SEA; N-C LIMIT; FLAVOR ASYMMETRY; NUCLEON SEA; PERTURBATION-THEORY; GOTTFRIED SUM; FORM-FACTORS; MESON CLOUD; DISTRIBUTIONS AB We study large-distance contributions to the nucleon's parton densities in the transverse coordinate (impact parameter) representation based on generalized parton distributions (GPDs). Chiral dynamics generates a distinct component of the partonic structure, located at momentum fractions x less than or similar to M-pi/M-N and transverse distances b similar to 1/M-pi. We calculate this component using phenomenological pion exchange with a physical lower limit in b (the transverse "core" radius estimated from the nucleon's axial form factor, R-core=0.55 fm) and demonstrate its universal character. This formulation preserves the basic picture of the "pion cloud" model of the nucleon's sea quark distributions, while restricting its application to the region actually governed by chiral dynamics. It is found that (a) the large-distance component accounts for only similar to 1/3 of the measured antiquark flavor asymmetry d-u at x similar to 0.1; (b) the strange sea quarks s and s are significantly more localized than the light antiquark sea; (c) the nucleon's singlet quark size for x < 0.1 is larger than its gluonic size, << b(2)>>(q+q)><< b(2)>>(g), as suggested by the t-slopes of deeply-virtual Compton scattering and exclusive J/Sigma production measured at HERA and FNAL. We show that our approach reproduces the general N-c-scaling of parton densities in QCD, thanks to the degeneracy of N and Delta intermediate states in the large-N-c limit. We also comment on the role of pionic configurations at large longitudinal distances and the limits of their applicability at small x. C1 [Strikman, M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Weiss, C.] Jefferson Lab, Ctr Theory, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Strikman, M (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 73 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 114029 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.114029 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000059 ER PT J AU Yang, YC Deng, CR Ping, JL Goldman, T AF Yang, Youchang Deng, Chengrong Ping, Jialun Goldman, T. TI S-wave QQqq state in the constituent quark model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID INTERMEDIATE RANGE ATTRACTION; COLOR SCREENING MODEL; MULTIQUARK HADRONS; HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS; BARYONS; TETRAQUARKS; DELOCALIZATION; SYSTEMS; SCATTERING; EXPANSION AB Many proposals have been put forward to explore four-quark states QQqq (Q=s, c, b; q=u, d) by experiment, so a systematic study of QQqq spectrum with different constituent quark models by a high precision, few-body method, the Gaussian expression method, is useful. Three quark models: the Bhaduri, Cohler, Nogami quark model, the chiral quark model (ChQM), and the quark delocalization color screening model are all employed for a systematic calculation of the S-wave QQqq spectrum with different color structures, using the Gaussian expression method. The results show that only the bbqq state with (I,J)=(0,1) is bound in different color structures within the different quark models. The binding energy varies from several MeV for a di-meson structure to over 100 MeV for a diquark-antidiquark structure. For the ccqq system, the state with (I,J)=(0,1) is bound in a di-meson structure, and also bound in a diquark-antidiquark structure if pseudoscalar meson exchanges are accounted for. All are weakly bound states. The mixture of diquark-antidiquark and molecular structures is discussed in the framework of quark models for the first time; ccqq with (I,J)=(0,1) is below the threshold in addition to bbqq in both the ChQM and the Bhaduri, Cohler, Nogami quark model. In the same channel, ssqq is also a possible bound state with mass around 1.4 GeV in ChQM. C1 [Yang, Youchang; Ping, Jialun] Nanjing Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210097, Peoples R China. [Yang, Youchang] Zunyi Normal Coll, Dept Phys, Zunyi 563002, Peoples R China. [Deng, Chengrong] Chongqing Jiaotong Univ, Dept Phys, Chongqing 400074, Peoples R China. [Goldman, T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yang, YC (reprint author), Nanjing Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210097, Peoples R China. EM jlping@njnu.edu.cn FU National Science Foundation of China [10775072]; Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20070319007, 1243211601028]; U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos [DEAC5206NA25396] FX We would like to thank Professor E. Hiyama for helpful discussions on GEM. The authors are very grateful to a referee's suggestion. The work is supported partly by the National Science Foundation of China under Contract No. 10775072 and the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grants No. 20070319007 and No. 1243211601028, and in part under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DEAC5206NA25396. NR 74 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 114023 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.114023 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000053 ER PT J AU Daub, EG Carlson, JM AF Daub, Eric G. Carlson, Jean M. TI Stick-slip instabilities and shear strain localization in amorphous materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article DE amorphous state; elastic constants; friction; integration; numerical analysis; phase diagrams; plastic deformation; shear strength ID BOUNDARY LUBRICATION; FRICTION; DEFORMATION; EARTHQUAKES; MOTION; DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR; RATES AB We study the impact of strain localization on the stability of frictional slipping in dense amorphous materials. We model the material using shear transformation zone (STZ) theory, a continuum approximation for plastic deformation in amorphous solids. In the STZ model, the internal state is quantified by an effective disorder temperature, and the effective temperature dynamics capture the spontaneous localization of strain. We study the effect of strain localization on stick-slip instabilities by coupling the STZ model to a noninertial spring slider system. We perform a linear stability analysis to generate a phase diagram that connects the small scale physics of strain localization to the macroscopic stability of sliding. Our calculations determine the values of spring stiffness and driving velocity where steady sliding becomes unstable and we confirm our results through numerical integration. We investigate both homogeneous deformation, where no shear band forms, and localized deformation, where a narrow shear band spontaneously forms and accommodates all of the deformation. Our results show that at a given velocity, strain localization leads to unstable frictional sliding at a much larger spring stiffness compared to homogeneous deformation, and that localized deformation cannot be approximated by a homogeneous model with a narrower material. We also find that strain localization provides a physical mechanism for irregular stick-slip cycles in certain parameter ranges. Our results quantitatively connect the internal physics of deformation in amorphous materials to the larger scale frictional dynamics of stick-slip. C1 [Daub, Eric G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Daub, Eric G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Daub, Eric G.; Carlson, Jean M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Daub, EG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM edaub@lanl.gov NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 066113 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.80.066113 PN 2 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 539BI UT WOS:000273228000025 PM 20365237 ER EF