FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Vollmayr, B Mahlstedt, MM Henn, FA AF Vollmayr, Barbara Mahlstedt, Magdalena M. Henn, Fritz A. TI Neurogenesis and depression: what animal models tell us about the link SO EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE learned helplessness; animal model; depression; neurogenesis ID ADULT HIPPOCAMPAL NEUROGENESIS; CELL-PROLIFERATION; MAJOR DEPRESSION; DENTATE GYRUS; TREE SHREWS; STRESS; BEHAVIOR; BRAIN; ANTIDEPRESSANTS AB There is growing evidence that stress causes a decrease of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and antidepressant treatment in turn stimulates the cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus. This has led to the hypothesis that a decreased neurogenesis might be linked to the pathophysiology of major depression. The article reviews the relationship of depressive-like behavior and neurogenesis in three animal models of depression with high validity: learned helplessness, chronic mild stress and chronic psychosocial stress of the tree shrew. All animal models provide evidence that stress which can lead to depressive-like behavior, in parallel causes a decrease of neurogenesis; vice versa, antidepressant treatment is able to revert not only behavioral changes but also to normalize neurogenesis. But the animal models argue against the notion that decreases of neurogenesis are the cause or the consequence of depressive-like behavior since depressive-like behavior can occur without impairments in neurogenesis and decreasing neurogenesis does not neccessarily lead to depressive-like behavior. This suggests that neurogenesis does not directly control affect but is tightly connected to the modulation of affect by stress and antidepressant measures. C1 Univ Heidelberg, Cent Inst Mental Hlth, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany. Univ Nottingham, Sch Pharm, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Directorial Serv, New York, NY USA. RP Vollmayr, B (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, Cent Inst Mental Hlth, J5, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany. EM barbara.vollmayr@zi-mannheim.de NR 24 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 5 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI DARMSTADT PA PO BOX 10 04 62, D-64204 DARMSTADT, GERMANY SN 0940-1334 J9 EUR ARCH PSY CLIN N JI Eur. Arch. Psych. Clin. Neurosci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 257 IS 5 BP 300 EP 303 DI 10.1007/s00406-007-0734-2 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 202YO UT WOS:000248941200007 PM 17401725 ER PT J AU Boyle, TJ Ottley, LAM Brewer, LN Sigman, J Clem, PG Richardson, JJ AF Boyle, Timothy J. Ottley, Leigh Anna M. Brewer, Luke N. Sigman, Jennifer Clem, Paul G. Richardson, Jacob J. TI Structurally characterized erbium alkoxides for use as an amphoteric dopant in PErZT ceramic thin film and nanoparticles SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ceramics; perovskites; nanomaterials; lanthanide alkoxides; PZT ID X-RAY STRUCTURES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; OXIDE NANOCRYSTALS; PRECURSORS; COMPLEXES; ER; ARYLOXIDES; FAMILY; SERIES; ND AB A family of erbium alkoxides [Er(OR)(3)] was prepared from the reaction of Er[N(SiMe3)(2))](3) with a series of alcohols (HOR) in selected solvents and Cr-yStdllographically characterized as: [Er(mu-Onep)(2)(Onep)](4), (1), [Er-4(mu(4)-O)(mu(3)-Onep)(mu-Onep)(5)-(Onep)(4)(py)3] (3), Er3(P3-OtBU)2(V-OtBU)3(OtBU)4(HOtBU)2 (4), Er-3(mu(3)-O)(mu-OtBu)(4)(OtBu)(3)(py)(3) (7), Er(dmp)(3)(solv)(3) [solv = thf (9), py (10)], [Er(eta-dip)(dip)(2)](2) (11), Er(dip)(3)(thf)(2) (12), [Er(mu-OH)(dbP)(2)(thf)](2) (15), Er(dip)(3)(py)(2) (16), [Er(mu-tps)(tPS)(2)](2) (17), Er(tPS)(3)(solv)(3) [solv = thf (18) and (py) (19)] where Onep = neopentoxide (OCH(2)CMeA OtBu = tertbutoxide (OCMe3), dmp = 2,6-dimethylphenoxide [OC6H3(Me)(2)-2,6], dip = 2,6-diisopropylphenoxide [OC6H3(CHMe2)(2)-2,6], dbp = 2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxide [OC6H3(CMe3)2-2,61, tps = trip henylsiloxide [OSi(C6H5)(3)], tol = toluene, thf = tetrahydrofuran, and py = pyridine. The structures observed and data collected for the Er family of compounds are, in general, consistent with those reported previously for the Dy congeners over the range of solvated mono-, di-, tri-, and tetranuclear species. Representative members of the Er(OR)(3) precursors were used for the production of a PErZT precursor solution, which was subsequently used to generate thin films and nanoparticles. Further, these select Er precursors were used to generate Er2O3 nanoparticles. The full characterization of this family of compounds is reported along with the results of the materials investigations. ((c) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007). C1 Adv Mat Lab, Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87105 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Boyle, TJ (reprint author), Adv Mat Lab, Sandia Natl Labs, 1001 Univ Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87105 USA. EM tjboyie@Sandia.gov RI Richardson, Jacob/B-7535-2009 OI Richardson, Jacob/0000-0003-2733-9736 NR 46 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1434-1948 J9 EUR J INORG CHEM JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. PD AUG PY 2007 IS 24 BP 3805 EP 3815 DI 10.1002/ejie.200700314 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 207BL UT WOS:000249226500006 ER PT J AU Harp, MG Radicioni, E Edgecock, R Ellis, M Robbins, S Soler, FJP Gossling, C Bunyatov, S Krasnoperov, A Popov, B Serdiouk, V Tereschenko, V Di Capua, E Vidal-Sitjes, G Arce, P Artamonov, A Giani, S Gilardoni, S Gorbunov, P Grant, A Grossheim, A Gruber, P Ivanchenko, V Kayis-Topaksu, A Panman, J Papadopoulos, I Pasternak, J Tcherniaev, E Tsukerman, I Veenhof, R Wiebusch, C Zucchelli, P Blondel, A Borghi, S Campanelli, M Morone, MC Prior, G Schroeter, R Engel, R Meurer, C Kato, I Gastaldi, U Mills, GB Graulich, JS Gregoire, G Kirsanov, M Bonesini, M Ferri, F Paganoni, M Paleari, F Bagulya, A Grichine, V Polukhina, N Palladino, V Coney, L Schmitz, D Barr, G De Santo, A Pattison, C Zuber, K Bobisut, F Gibin, D Guglielmi, A Mezzetto, M Dumarchez, J Vannucci, F Dore, U Orestano, D Pastore, F Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Booth, C Buttar, C Hodgson, P Howlett, L Bogomilov, M Chizhov, M Kolev, D Tsenov, R Piperov, S Temnikov, P Apollonio, M Chimenti, P Giannini, G Santin, G Burguet-Castell, J Cervera-Villanueva, A Gomez-Cadenas, JJ Martin-Albol, J Novella, P Sorel, M Tornero, A AF Harp, M. G. Radicioni, E. Edgecock, R. Ellis, M. Robbins, S. Soler, F. J. P. Goessling, C. Bunyatov, S. Krasnoperov, A. Popov, B. Serdiouk, V. Tereschenko, V. Di Capua, E. Vidal-Sitjes, G. Arce, P. Artamonov, A. Giani, S. Gilardoni, S. Gorbunov, P. Grant, A. Grossheim, A. Gruber, P. Ivanchenko, V. Kayis-Topaksu, A. Panman, J. Papadopoulos, I. Pasternak, J. Tcherniaev, E. Tsukerman, I. Veenhof, R. Wiebusch, C. Zucchelli, P. Blondel, A. Borghi, S. Campanelli, M. Morone, M. C. Prior, G. Schroeter, R. Engel, R. Meurer, C. Kato, I. Gastaldi, U. Mills, G. B. Graulich, J. S. Gregoire, G. Kirsanov, M. Bonesini, M. Ferri, F. Paganoni, M. Paleari, F. Bagulya, A. Grichine, V. Polukhina, N. Palladino, V. Coney, L. Schmitz, D. Barr, G. De Santo, A. Pattison, C. Zuber, K. Bobisut, F. Gibin, D. Guglielmi, A. Mezzetto, M. Dumarchez, J. Vannucci, F. Dore, U. Orestano, D. Pastore, F. Tonazzo, A. Tortora, L. Booth, C. Buttar, C. Hodgson, P. Howlett, L. Bogomilov, M. Chizhov, M. Kolev, D. Tsenov, R. Piperov, S. Temnikov, P. Apollonio, M. Chimenti, P. Giannini, G. Santin, G. Burguet-Castell, J. Cervera-Villanueva, A. Gomez-Cadenas, J. J. Martin-Albol, J. Novella, P. Sorel, M. Tornero, A. CA HARP Collaboration TI Measurement of the production of charged pions by protons on a tantalum target SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINO FLUX; HARP EXPERIMENT; CHORUS EXPERIMENT; NOMAD EXPERIMENT; CERN PS; PERFORMANCE; CONSTRUCTION; CALORIMETER; ALGORITHMS; COLLISIONS AB A measurement of the double-differential cross-section for the production of charged pions in proton-tantalum collisions emitted at large angles from the incoming beam direction is presented. The data were taken in 2002 with the HARP detector in the T9 beam line of the CERN PS. The pions were produced by proton beams in a momentum range from 3 GeV/c to 12 CeV/c hitting a tantalum target with a thickness of 5% of a nuclear interaction length. The angular and momentum range covered by the experiment (100 MeV/c <= p <= 800 MeV/c and 0.35 rad <= theta < 2.15 rad) is of particular importance for the design of a neutrino factory. The produced particles were detected using a small-radius cylindrical time projection chamber (TPC) placed in a solenoidal magnet. Track recognition, momentum determination and particle identification were all performed based on the measurements made with the TPC. An elaborate system of detectors in the beam line ensured the identification of the incident particles. Results are shown for the double-differential cross-sections d(2)sigma/dpd theta at four incident proton beam momenta (3 GeV/c, 5 GeV/c, 8 GeV/c and 12 GeV/c). In addition, the pion yields within the acceptance of typical neutrino factory designs are shown as a function of beam momentum. The measurement of these yields within a single experiment eliminates most systematic errors in the comparison between rates at different beam momenta and between positive and negative pion production. C1 Univ Stud Sezione, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bari, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Chilton, England. Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, Dortmund, Germany. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Univ Stud Sezione, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Ferrara, Italy. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. Forschungszentrum, Inst Phys, Karlsruhe, Germany. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan. Lab Nazl Legnaro, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Legnaro, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. UCL, Inst Phys Nucl, Louvain, Belgium. Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. Univ Stud Sezione, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Milan, Italy. Russian Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. Univ Naples Federico II, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Naples, Italy. Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. Univ Oxford, Nucl & Astrophys Lab, Oxford, England. Univ Stud Sezione, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 05 06, LPNHE, Paris, France. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Roma I, Rome, Italy. Univ Stud Sezione, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Roma 3, Rome, Italy. Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. Sofia Univ St Kliment Ohridski, Fac Phys, Sofia, Bulgaria. Inst Nucl Energy Res, Acad Sci, Sofia, Bulgaria. Univ Stud Sezione, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, CSIC, Valencia, Spain. FNAL, Batavia, IL USA. Codian Ltd, Slough, Berks, England. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ London, Imperial Coll, London, England. Univ Cantabria, Perm Inst Fis, Santander, Spain. ITEP, Moscow, Russia. SpinX Technol, Geneva, Switzerland. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Ecoanalitica, Moscow, Russia. Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, Aachen, Germany. Sezione Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Ferrara, Italy. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. LBL, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ London, Royal Holloway, London, England. Univ Sussex, Brighton, E Sussex, England. ESA, Estec, Noordwijk, Netherlands. RP Harp, MG (reprint author), Univ Stud Sezione, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bari, Italy. EM gomez@mail.cern.ch RI Morone, Maria Cristina/P-4407-2016; Temnikov, Petar/L-6999-2016; Booth, Christopher/B-5263-2016; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Graulich, Jean-Sebastien/B-4806-2009; Buttar, Craig/D-3706-2011; Chimenti, Pietro/F-9898-2012; Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Prior, Gersende/I-8191-2013; Bagulya, Alexander/D-4273-2014; Novella, Pau/K-2845-2014; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/L-2003-2014; Grichine, Vladimir/M-8526-2015; Polukhina, Natalia/E-1610-2014; Soler, Paul/E-8464-2011; Tcherniaev, Evgueni/G-3453-2016 OI Morone, Maria Cristina/0000-0002-0200-0632; Temnikov, Petar/0000-0002-9559-3384; Prior, Gersende/0000-0002-6058-1420; Booth, Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Sorel, Michel/0000-0003-2141-9508; Martin-Albo, Justo/0000-0002-7318-1469; Schmitz, David/0000-0003-2165-7389; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Chimenti, Pietro/0000-0002-9755-5066; Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Novella, Pau/0000-0002-0923-3172; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8224-7714; Soler, Paul/0000-0002-4893-3729; Tcherniaev, Evgueni/0000-0002-3685-0635 NR 47 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2007 VL 51 IS 4 BP 787 EP 824 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-007-0361-0 PG 38 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 230IH UT WOS:000250869700003 ER PT J AU Cheng, M Christ, N Jung, C Karsch, F Mawhinney, R Petreczky, P Petrov, K AF Cheng, M. Christ, N. Jung, C. Karsch, F. Mawhinney, R. Petreczky, P. Petrov, K. TI Flavor symmetry breaking and scaling for improved staggered actions in quenched QCD SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; MASSES AB We present a study of the flavor symmetry breaking in the pion spectrum for the p4-improved fermion action. Three different variants of the p4 action - p4fat3, p4fat7, and p4fat7tad - are compared to the Asqtad and naive staggered actions. To study the pattern of symmetry breaking, we measure all 15 pion masses in the four-flavor staggered theory. The measurements are done on a quenched gauge background, generated using a one-loop improved Symanzik action with beta = 10/g(2) = 7.40, 7.75, and 8.00, corresponding to lattice spacings of approximately alpha = 0.31 fm, 0.21 fm, and 0.14 fm. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Cheng, M (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM michaelc@phys.columbia.edu NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2007 VL 51 IS 4 BP 875 EP 881 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-007-0336-1 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 230IH UT WOS:000250869700010 ER PT J AU Enberg, R Pire, B Szymanowski, L Wallon, S AF Enberg, R. Pire, B. Szymanowski, L. Wallon, S. TI BFKL resummation effects in gamma*gamma* -> rho rho SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Correction C1 Ecole Polytech, CPHT, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Liege, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. Univ Paris 11, LPT, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Enberg, R (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, CPHT, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. EM REnberg@lbl.gov RI Pire, Bernard/I-3994-2013; OI Enberg, Rikard/0000-0003-0452-0671 NR 2 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 2007 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1015 EP 1015 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-007-0375-7 PG 1 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 230IH UT WOS:000250869700025 ER PT J AU Moses, EI Bonanno, RE Haynam, CA Kauffman, RL MacGowan, BJ Patterson, RW Sawicki, RH Van Wonterghem, BM AF Moses, E. I. Bonanno, R. E. Haynam, C. A. Kauffman, R. L. MacGowan, B. J. Patterson, R. W. Sawicki, R. H. Van Wonterghem, B. M. TI The national ignition facility: path to ignition in the laboratory SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article ID FUSION AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a 192-beam laser facility presently tinder construction at LLNL. When completed, NIF will be a 1.8-MJ, 500-TW ultraviolet laser system. Its missions are to obtain fusion ignition and to perform high energy density experiments in support of the US nuclear weapons stockpile. Four of the NIF beams have been commissioned to demonstrate laser performance and to commission the target area including target and beam alignment and laser timing. During this time, NIF demonstrated on a single-beam basis that it will meet its performance goals and demonstrated its precision and flexibility for pulse shaping, pointing, timing and beam conditioning. It also performed four important experiments for Inertial Confinement Fusion and High Energy Density Science. Presently, the project is installing production hardware to complete the project in 2009 with the goal to begin ignition experiments in 2010. Art integrated plan has been developed including the NIF operations, user equipment such as diagnostics and cryogenic target capability, and experiments and calculations to meet this goal. This talk will provide NIF status, the plan to complete NIF, and the path to ignition. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Moses, EI (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM moses1@11n1.gov NR 9 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD AUG PY 2007 VL 44 IS 2 BP 215 EP 218 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2006-00106-3 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 190IZ UT WOS:000248053800003 ER PT J AU Haan, SW Herrmann, MC Salmonson, JD Amendt, PA Callahan, DA Dittrich, TR Edwards, MJ Jones, OS Marinak, MM Munro, DH Pollaine, SM Spears, BK Suter, LJ AF Haan, S. W. Herrmann, M. C. Salmonson, J. D. Amendt, P. A. Callahan, D. A. Dittrich, T. R. Edwards, M. J. Jones, O. S. Marinak, M. M. Munro, D. H. Pollaine, S. M. Spears, B. K. Suter, L. J. TI Update on design simulations for NIF ignition targets, and the rollup of all specifications into an error budget SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference o Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP, 2005 CL Biarritz, FRANCE ID FACILITY; EQUATION AB Targets intended to produce ignition on NIF are being simulated and the simulations are used to set specifications for target fabrication and other program elements. Recent design work has focused on designs that assume only 1.0 MJ of laser energy instead of the previous 1.6 MJ. To perform with less laser energy, the hohlraum has been redesigned to be more efficient than previously, and the capsules are slightly smaller. Three hohlraum designs are being examined: gas fill, SiO2 foam fill, and SiO2 lined. All have a cocktail wall, and shields mounted between the capsule and the laser entrance holes. Two capsule designs are being considered. One has a graded doped Be(Cu) ablator. and the other graded doped CH(Ge). Both can perform acceptably with recently demonstrated ice layer quality, and with recently demonstrated outer surface roughness. Complete tables of specifications are being prepared for both targets, to be completed this fiscal year. All the specifications are being rolled together into an error budget indicating adequate margin for ignition with the new designs. The dominant source of error is hohlraum asymmetry at intermediate modes 4-8, indicating the importance of experimental techniques to measure and control this asymmetry. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Haan, SW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM haan1@llnl.gov NR 21 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD AUG PY 2007 VL 44 IS 2 BP 249 EP 258 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2007-00163-0 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 190IZ UT WOS:000248053800008 ER PT J AU Tabak, M AF Tabak, M. TI On the path to fusion energy - Teller lecture 2005 SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article ID DISTRIBUTED RADIATOR TARGET; HEAVY-ION BEAMS; IGNITION ENERGY; POWER-PLANT; HIGH-GAIN; 2 SIDES; DESIGN; DRIVEN; COMPRESSION; EFFICIENCY AB There is a need to develop alternate energy sources in the coming century because fossil fuels will become depleted and their use may lead to global climate change. Inertial fusion can become such an energy source, but significant progress must be made before its promise is realized. The high-density approach to inertial fusion suggested by Nuckolls et al. leads reaction chambers compatible with civilian power production. Methods to achieve the good control of hydrodynamic stability and implosion symmetry required to achieve these high fuel densities will be discussed. Fast Ignition, a technique that achieves fusion ignition by igniting fusion fuel after it is assembled, will be described along with its gain curves. Fusion costs of energy for conventional hotspot ignition will be compared with those of Fast Ignition and their capital costs compared with advanced fission plants. Finally, techniques that may improve possible Fast Ignition gains by an order of magnitude and reduce driver scales by an order of magnitude below conventional ignition requirements are described. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Tabak, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mail Stop L-015, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM tabak1@llnl.gov NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD AUG PY 2007 VL 44 IS 2 BP 265 EP 272 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2006-00199-6 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 190IZ UT WOS:000248053800010 ER PT J AU Landen, OL Glenzer, SH Froula, DH Dewald, EL Suter, LJ Schneider, MB Hinkel, DE Fernandez, JC Kline, JL Goldman, SR Braun, DG Celliers, PM Moon, SJ Robey, HS Lanier, NE Glendinning, SG Blue, BE Wilde, BH Jones, OS Schein, J Divol, L Kalantar, DH Campbell, KM Holder, JP McDonald, JW Niemann, C Mackinnon, AJ Collins, GW Bradley, DK Eggert, JH Hicks, DC Gregori, G Kirkwood, RK Young, BK Foster, JM Hansen, JF Perry, TS Munro, DH Baldis, HA Grim, GP Heeter, RF Hegelich, MB Montgomery, DS Rochau, GA Olson, RE Turner, RE Workman, JB Berger, RL Cohen, BI Kruer, WL Langdon, AB Langer, SH Meezan, NB Rose, HA Still, CH Williams, EA Dodd, ES Edwards, MJ Monteil, MC Stevenson, RM Thomas, BR Coker, RF Magelssen, CR Rosen, PA Stry, PE Woods, D Weber, SV Young, PE Alvarez, S Armstrong, G Bahr, R Bourgade, JL Bower, D Celeste, J Chrisp, M Compton, S Cox, J Constantin, C Costa, R Duncan, J Ellis, A Emig, J Gautier, C Greenwood, A Griffith, R Holdner, F Holtmeier, G Hargrove, D James, T Kamperschroer, J Kimbrough, J Landon, M Lee, FD Malone, R May, M Montelongo, S Moody, J Ng, E Nikitin, A Pellinen, D Piston, K Poole, M Rekow, V Rhodes, M Shepherd, R Shiromizu, S Voloshin, D Warrick, A Watts, P Weber, F Young, P Arnold, P Atherton, L Bardsley, G Bonanno, R Borger, T Bowers, M Bryant, R Buckman, S Burkhart, S Cooper, F Dixit, SN Erbert, G Eder, DC Ehrlich, RE Felker, B Fornes, J Frieders, G Gardner, S Gates, C Gonzalez, M Grace, S Hall, T Haynam, CA Heestand, G Henesian, MA Hermann, M Hermes, G Huber, S Jancaitis, K Johnson, S Kauffman, B Kelleher, T Kohut, T Koniges, AE Labiak, T Latray, D Lee, A Lund, D Mahavandi, S Manes, KR Marshall, C McBride, J McCarville, T McGrew, L Mcnapace, J Mertens, E Murray, J Neumann, J Newton, A Opsahl, P Padilla, E Parham, T Parrish, G Petty, C Polk, M Powell, C Reinbachs, I Rinnert, R Riordan, B Ross, G Robert, V Tobin, M Sailors, S Saunders, R Schmitt, M Shaw, M Singh, M Spaeth, M Stephens, A Tietbohl, G Tuck, J Van Wonterghem, BM Vidal, R Wegner, PJ Whitman, P Williams, K Winward, K Work, K Wallace, R Nobile, A Bono, M Day, B Elliott, J Hatch, D Louis, H Manzenares, R O'Brien, D Papin, P Pierce, T Rivera, G Ruppe, J Sandoval, D Schmidt, D Valdez, L Zapata, K MacGowan, BJ Eckart, MJ Hsing, WW Springer, PT Hammel, BA Moses, EI Miller, GH AF Landen, O. L. Glenzer, S. H. Froula, D. H. Dewald, E. L. Suter, L. J. Schneider, M. B. Hinkel, D. E. Fernandez, J. C. Kline, J. L. Goldman, S. R. Braun, D. G. Celliers, P. M. Moon, S. J. Robey, H. S. Lanier, N. E. Glendinning, S. G. Blue, B. E. Wilde, B. H. Jones, O. S. Schein, J. Divol, L. Kalantar, D. H. Campbell, K. M. Holder, J. P. McDonald, J. W. Niemann, C. Mackinnon, A. J. Collins, G. W. Bradley, D. K. Eggert, J. H. Hicks, D. C. Gregori, G. Kirkwood, R. K. Young, B. K. Foster, J. M. Hansen, J. F. Perry, T. S. Munro, D. H. Baldis, H. A. Grim, G. P. Heeter, R. F. Hegelich, M. B. Montgomery, D. S. Rochau, G. A. Olson, R. E. Turner, R. E. Workman, J. B. Berger, R. L. Cohen, B. I. Kruer, W. L. Langdon, A. B. Langer, S. H. Meezan, N. B. Rose, H. A. Still, C. H. Williams, E. A. Dodd, E. S. Edwards, M. J. Monteil, M.-C. Stevenson, R. M. Thomas, B. R. Coker, R. F. Magelssen, C. R. Rosen, P. A. Stry, P. E. Woods, D. Weber, S. V. Young, P. E. Alvarez, S. Armstrong, G. Bahr, R. Bourgade, J.-L. Bower, D. Celeste, J. Chrisp, M. Compton, S. Cox, J. Constantin, C. Costa, R. Duncan, J. Ellis, A. Emig, J. Gautier, C. Greenwood, A. Griffith, R. Holdner, F. Holtmeier, G. Hargrove, D. James, T. Kamperschroer, J. Kimbrough, J. Landon, M. Lee, F. D. Malone, R. May, M. Montelongo, S. Moody, J. Ng, E. Nikitin, A. Pellinen, D. Piston, K. Poole, M. Rekow, V. Rhodes, M. Shepherd, R. Shiromizu, S. Voloshin, D. Warrick, A. Watts, P. Weber, F. Young, P. Arnold, P. Atherton, L. Bardsley, G. Bonanno, R. Borger, T. Bowers, M. Bryant, R. Buckman, S. Burkhart, S. Cooper, F. Dixit, S. N. Erbert, G. Eder, D. C. Ehrlich, R. E. Felker, B. Fornes, J. Frieders, G. Gardner, S. Gates, C. Gonzalez, M. Grace, S. Hall, T. Haynam, C. A. Heestand, G. Henesian, M. A. Hermann, M. Hermes, G. Huber, S. Jancaitis, K. Johnson, S. Kauffman, B. Kelleher, T. Kohut, T. Koniges, A. E. Labiak, T. Latray, D. Lee, A. Lund, D. Mahavandi, S. Manes, K. R. Marshall, C. McBride, J. McCarville, T. McGrew, L. Mcnapace, J. Mertens, E. Murray, J. Neumann, J. Newton, A. Opsahl, P. Padilla, E. Parham, T. Parrish, G. Petty, C. Polk, M. Powell, C. Reinbachs, I. Rinnert, R. Riordan, B. Ross, G. Robert, V. Tobin, M. Sailors, S. Saunders, R. Schmitt, M. Shaw, M. Singh, M. Spaeth, M. Stephens, A. Tietbohl, G. Tuck, J. Van Wonterghem, B. M. Vidal, R. Wegner, P. J. Whitman, P. Williams, K. Winward, K. Work, K. Wallace, R. Nobile, A. Bono, M. Day, B. Elliott, J. Hatch, D. Louis, H. Manzenares, R. O'Brien, D. Papin, P. Pierce, T. Rivera, G. Ruppe, J. Sandoval, D. Schmidt, D. Valdez, L. Zapata, K. MacGowan, B. J. Eckart, M. J. Hsing, W. W. Springer, P. T. Hammel, B. A. Moses, E. I. Miller, G. H. TI The first target experiments on the national ignition facility SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference o Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP, 2005 CL Biarritz, FRANCE ID STIMULATED RAMAN-SCATTERING; LASER-HEATED HOHLRAUMS; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; PHYSICS BASIS; PLASMA; BEAM; BACKSCATTER; SYSTEM; DRIVE; LIGHT AB A first set of shock timing, laser-plasma interaction, hohlraum energetics and hydrodynamic experiments have been performed using the first 4 beams of the National Ignition Facility (NIF), in support of indirect drive Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) and High Energy Density Physics (HEDP). In parallel, a robust set of optical and X-ray spectrometers, interferometer, calorimeters and imagers have been activated. The experiments have been undertaken with laser powers and energies of up to 8 TW and 17 kJ in flattop and shaped 1-9 ns pulses focused with various beam smoothing options. The experiments have demonstrated excellent agreement between measured and predicted laser-target coupling in foils and hohlraums, even when extended to a longer pulse regime unattainable at previous laser facilities, validated the predicted effects of beam smoothing oil intense laser beam propagation in long scale-length plasmas and begun to test 3D codes by extending the study of laser driven hydrodynamic jets to 3D geometries. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Atom Weapons Estab, Chilton, England. Bechtel Nevada, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Commiss Energie Atom, Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Landen, OL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM landen1@llnl.gov RI Collins, Gilbert/G-1009-2011; Fernandez, Juan/H-3268-2011; Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Perry, Theodore/K-3333-2014; OI Fernandez, Juan/0000-0002-1438-1815; Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Perry, Theodore/0000-0002-8832-2033; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 NR 61 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD AUG PY 2007 VL 44 IS 2 BP 273 EP 281 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2006-00111-6 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 190IZ UT WOS:000248053800011 ER PT J AU Miles, PC Hildingsson, L Hultqvist, A AF Miles, Paul C. Hildingsson, Leif Hultqvist, Anders TI The influence of fuel injection and heat release on bulk flow structures in a direct-injection, swirl-supported diesel engine SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Application of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics CY JUN 26-29, 2006 CL Lisbon, PORTUGAL AB Particle image velocimetry is applied to measure the vertical (r-z) plane flow structures in a light-duty direct-injection diesel engine with a realistic piston geometry. The measurements are corrected for optical distortions due to the curved piston bowl walls and the cylindrical liner. Mean flow fields are presented and contrasted for operation both with and without fuel injection and combustion. For operation with combustion, the two-dimensional divergence of the measured mean velocity fields is employed as a qualitative indicator of the locations of mean heat release. In agreement with numerical simulations, dual-vortex, vertical plane mean flow structures that may enhance mixing rates are formed approximately mid-way through the combustion event. Late in the cycle a toroidal vortex forms outside the bowl mouth. Imaging studies suggest that soot and partially oxidized fuel trapped within this vortex are slow to mix with surrounding fluid; moreover, the vortex impedes mixing of fluid exiting the bowl with air within the squish volume. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lund Inst Technol, Lund, Sweden. RP Miles, PC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM pcmiles@sandia.gov; leif.hildingsson@vok.lth.se; anders.hultqvist@vok.lth.se NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD AUG PY 2007 VL 43 IS 2-3 BP 273 EP 283 DI 10.1007/s00348-007-0281-7 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 202IF UT WOS:000248894500013 ER PT J AU Li, J Romine, MF Ward, MJ AF Li, Jun Romine, Margaret F. Ward, Mandy J. TI Identification and analysis of a highly conserved chemotaxis gene cluster in Shewanella species SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Shewanella oneidensis; Vibrio cholerae; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; chemotaxis ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; FACULTATIVE ANAEROBE; MYXOCOCCUS-XANTHUS; ELECTRON-ACCEPTOR; PUTREFACIENS; REDUCTION; ONEIDENSIS; MANGANESE; SEQUENCE; GROWTH AB A conserved cluster of chemotaxis genes was identified from the genome sequences of fifteen Shewanella species. An in-frame deletion of the cheA-3 gene, which is located in this cluster, was created in S. oneidensis MR-1 and the gene shown to be essential for chemotactic responses to anaerobic electron acceptors. The CheA-3 protein showed strong similarity to Vibrio cholerae CheA-2 and R aeruginosa CheA-1, two proteins that are also essential for chemotaxis. The genes encoding these proteins were shown to be located in chemotaxis gene clusters closely related to the cheA-3-containing cluster in Shewanella species. The results of this study suggest that a combination of gene neighborhood and homology analyses may be used to predict which cheA genes are essential for chemotaxis in groups of closely related microorganisms. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ward, MJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM mjward@jhu.edu OI Romine, Margaret/0000-0002-0968-7641 NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 273 IS 2 BP 180 EP 186 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00810.x PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 200ZF UT WOS:000248800600008 PM 17590227 ER PT J AU Kunz, TH Arnett, EB Erickson, WP Hoar, AR Johnson, GD Larkin, RP Strickland, MD Thresher, RW Tuttle, MD AF Kunz, Thomas H. Arnett, Edward B. Erickson, Wallace P. Hoar, Alexander R. Johnson, Gregory D. Larkin, Ronald P. Strickland, M. Dale Thresher, Robert W. Tuttle, Merlin D. TI Ecological impacts of wind energy development on bats: questions, research needs, and hypotheses SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review ID MORTALITY; POPULATIONS; ORIENTATION; MINNESOTA; HABITAT AB At a time of growing concern over the rising costs and long-term environmental impacts of the use of fossil fuels and nuclear energy, wind energy has become an increasingly important sector of the electrical power industry, largely because it has been promoted as being emission-free and is supported by government subsidies and tax credits. However, large numbers of bats are killed at utility-scale wind energy facilities, especially along forested ridgetops in the eastern United States. These fatalities raise important concerns about cumulative impacts of proposed wind energy development on bat populations. This paper summarizes evidence of bat fatalities at wind energy facilities in the US, makes projections of cumulative fatalities of bats in the Mid-Atlantic Highlands, identifies research needs, and proposes hypotheses to better inform researchers, developers, decision makers, and other stakeholders, and to help minimize adverse effects of wind energy development. C1 Boston Univ, Ctr Ecol & Conservat Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Bat Conservat Int, Austin, TX USA. Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Cheyenne, WY USA. US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hadley, MA USA. Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Kunz, TH (reprint author), Boston Univ, Ctr Ecol & Conservat Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM kunz@bu.edu NR 65 TC 188 Z9 202 U1 9 U2 121 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 5 IS 6 BP 315 EP 324 DI 10.1890/1540-9295(2007)5[315:EIOWED]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 196GA UT WOS:000248468500017 ER PT J AU Taylor, G AF Taylor, Gary TI Recent developments in electron cyclotron emission research on magnetically confined plasmas SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating CY MAY 09-12, 2006 CL Santorini, GREECE DE electron cyclotron emission; plasma diagnostics; microwave emission ID BERNSTEIN WAVE EMISSION; FUSION TEST REACTOR; SCANNING HETERODYNE RECEIVER; EXPERIMENTAL TOKAMAK-UPGRADE; PRINCETON LARGE TORUS; SPHERICAL-TORUS; TEMPERATURE-FLUCTUATIONS; SAWTOOTH CRASHES; BALLOONING MODES; IMAGING-SYSTEM AB Electron cyclotron emission (ECE) has been an important diagnostic for measuring the temporal evolution of the electron temperature profile in magnetically confined plasma devices for more than 25 years. Recent advances in ECE measurements, such as two-dimensional ECE imaging and ECE intensity correlation techniques, have provided detailed information on sawtooth reconnection, neoclassical tearing mode behavior, electron heat transport, fast electron dynamics, and fast particle-driven Alfven eigenmodes. ECE spectral analysis is benefiting from improved ECE modeling and significant increases in computational power that allow fast, real-time, temperature measurements. Mode-converted electron Bernstein wave emission (EBE) diagnostics are being developed to study overdense (omega(pe) >> omega(ce)) plasmas, a regime where conventional ECE diagnostics cannot be applied and one commonly encountered in high-beta devices, such as the spherical torus and reversed-field pinch. While ECE diagnostic techniques are now well established on many existing magnetically confined plasmas, significant challenges lie ahead for applying ECE techniques to reactor-grade plasmas such as ITER, where T-e(0) is expected to reach 20 to 40 keV. This paper reviews the recent advances in ECE, electron cyclotron absorption, and EBE diagnostics and discusses the challenges for ECE measurements on ITER. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Taylor, G (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM gtaylor@pppl.gov NR 117 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 52 IS 2 BP 119 EP 133 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 199FS UT WOS:000248682200003 ER PT J AU Bae, YS Na, YS Oh, YK Kwon, M Bak, JS Lee, GS Jeong, JH Park, SI Cho, MH Namkung, W Ellis, RA Park, H Sakamoto, K Takahashi, K Yamamoto, T AF Bae, Y. S. Na, Y. S. Oh, Y. K. Kwon, M. Bak, J. S. Lee, G. S. Jeong, J. H. Park, S. I. Cho, M. H. Namkung, W. Ellis, R. A. Park, H. Sakamoto, K. Takahashi, K. Yamamoto, T. TI Status of KSTAR electron cyclotron heating system SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating CY MAY 09-12, 2006 CL Santorini, GREECE DE KSTAR; ECH; preionization ID IMPROVED H-MODE; START-UP; ASDEX UPGRADE; CURRENT DRIVE; DIII-D; TOKAMAK; PREIONIZATION; PLASMAS; POWER; ITER AB An 84-GHz, 500-kW electron cyclotron (EC) heating (ECH) system is under installation for ECH-assisted start-up in the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) facility. An 84-GHz, 500-kW gyrotron, and 1.5-MVA power supply system have been installed at KSTAR, and the initial test of the gyrotron has been carried out with a short-pulse condition of 20 As and maximum beam parameters of 80 kV and 25 A that generate an output radio-frequency (rf) power of 500 kW. The planned 2-s-long operation with 500-kW rf output power is beginning with a long-pulse test of the gyrotron power supply. The launcher system was fabricated in collaboration with Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. It will inject 500-kW rf power into the KSTAR plasma with a highly flexible steering mirror system, allowing toroidal and poloidal beam deposition scans. KSTAR will employ 170-GHz EC current drive (CD) in ITER-relevant experiments such as the suppression of the neoclassical tearing modes and the creation of an electron internal transport barrier. The Japan Atomic Energy Agency will provide a 170-GHz, I-MW gyrotron on loan in 2008 in accordance with a Korea-Japan fusion collaboration agreement, and it will be used for the 170-GHz, 1-MW ECCD system in 2010. This paper describes the current status of the installation and initial conditioning tests of the 84-GHz gyrotron system as well as the development plan of the 170-GHz ECH and CD system. Also, this paper discusses the CD efficiency and the steering range of the second-harmonic X-mode injection at 170 GHz and 5 MW from an equatorial launcher. C1 Natl Fus Res Ctr, Taejon 305333, South Korea. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. RP Bae, YS (reprint author), Natl Fus Res Ctr, Taejon 305333, South Korea. EM ysbae@nfrc.re.kr NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 52 IS 2 BP 321 EP 333 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 199FS UT WOS:000248682200022 ER PT J AU Khodiyar, VK Maltais, LJ Sneddon, KMB Smith, JR Shimoyama, M Cabral, F Dumontet, C Dutcher, SK Harvey, RJ Lafanechere, L Murray, JM Nogales, E Piquemal, D Stanchi, F Povey, S Lovering, RC AF Khodiyar, Varsha K. Maltais, Lois J. Sneddon, Katherine M. B. Smith, Jennifer R. Shimoyama, Mary Cabral, Fernando Dumontet, Charles Dutcher, Susan K. Harvey, Robert J. Lafanechere, Laurence Murray, John M. Nogales, Eva Piquemal, David Stanchi, Fabio Povey, Sue Lovering, Ruth C. TI A revised nomenclature for the human and rodent alpha-tubulin gene family SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID DATABASE; MOUSE; EXPRESSION AB \An essential component of micrombules, alpha-tubulin is also a multigene family in many species. An orthology-based nomenclature for this gene family has previously been difficult to assign due to incomplete genome builds and the high degree of sequence similarity between members of this family. Using the current genome builds, sequence analysis of human, mouse, and rat alpha-tubulin genes has enabled an updated nomenclature to be generated. This revised nomenclature provides a unified language for the discussion of these genes in mammalian species; it has been approved by the gene nomenclature committees of the three species and is supported by researchers in the field. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 UCL, Dept Biol, HUGO Gene Nomenclature Comm, London NW1 2HE, England. Jackson Lab, Mouse Genom Nomenclature Comm, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Bioinformat Res Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Integrat Biol & Pharmacol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Lyon 1, Fac Med, Lab Cytol Anal, Unite Inst Natl Sante & Rech Med 590, F-69373 Lyon 08, France. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacol, London WC1N1AX, England. CEA Grenoble, Inst Rech Technol & Sci Vivant, Ctr Criblage Mol Bioact, F-38054 Grenoble, France. Univ Penn, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Skuld Tech Labs, Ctr Bioinformat, Montpellier, France. Ctr A Lacassagne, CNRS, UMR6543, Inst Signaling Dev Biol & Canc Res, Nice, France. RP Khodiyar, VK (reprint author), UCL, Dept Biol, HUGO Gene Nomenclature Comm, Wolfson House,4 Stephenson Way, London NW1 2HE, England. EM nome@galton.ucl.ac.uk RI Lafanechere, Laurence/N-7474-2013; OI Khodiyar, Varsha/0000-0002-2743-6918; Piquemal, David/0000-0002-5870-4276 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [1P41HG003345-01, HG000330]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL64541]; Wellcome Trust [072955/Z/03/Z] NR 19 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD AUG PY 2007 VL 90 IS 2 BP 285 EP 289 DI 10.1016/j.ygeno.2007.04.008 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 193YV UT WOS:000248312000013 PM 17543498 ER PT J AU Polyakov, VB Clayton, RN Horita, J Mineev, SD AF Polyakov, V. B. Clayton, R. N. Horita, J. Mineev, S. D. TI Equilibrium iron isotope fractionation factors of minerals: Reevaluation from the data of nuclear inelastic resonant X-ray scattering and Mossbauer spectroscopy SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-OF-STATES; CO-SUBSTITUTED MAGNETITES; PARTITION-FUNCTION RATIOS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE PHASE; FE-ISOTOPE; STABLE-ISOTOPE; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; EXPERIMENTAL CALIBRATION; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; CASSITERITE SNO2 AB We have critically reevaluated equilibrium iron isotope fractionation factors for oxide and sulfide minerals using recently acquired data obtained by Mossbauer spectroscopy and inelastic nuclear resonant X-ray scattering (INRXS) synchrotron radiation. Good agreement was observed in the iron beta-factors of metallic iron (alpha-Fe) and hematite calculated using both Mossbauer- and INRXS-derived data, which supports the validity and reliability of the calculations. Based on this excellent agreement, we suggest the use of the present data on the iron beta-factors of hematite as a reference. The previous Mossbauer-derived iron beta-factor for magnetite has been modified significantly based on the Fe-sublattice density of states obtained from the INRXS experiments. This resolves the disagreement between naturally observed iron isotope fractionation factors for mineral pairs involving magnetite and those obtained from the calculated -factors. The correctness of iron beta-factor for pyrite has been corroborated by the good agreement with experimental data of sulfur isotope geothermometers of pyrite-galena and pyrite-sphalerite. A good correlation between the potential energy of the cation site, the oxidation state of iron and the iron beta-factor value has been established. Specifically, ferric compounds, which have a higher potential energy of iron than ferrous compounds, have higher beta-factors. A similar dependence of beta-factors on the oxidation state and potential energy could be extended to other transition metals. Extremely low values of INRXS-derived iron beta-factors for troilite and Fe3S significantly widen the range of iron beta-factors for covalently bonded compounds. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Expt Mineral, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. UralPlatinum Holding Ltd, Moscow 111021, Russia. RP Polyakov, VB (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Expt Mineral, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia. EM polyakov@iem.ac.ru RI Polyakov, Veniamin/N-9747-2015 OI Polyakov, Veniamin/0000-0002-6718-580X NR 91 TC 112 Z9 116 U1 5 U2 39 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 BP 3833 EP 3846 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2007.05.019 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 195SG UT WOS:000248431400010 ER PT J AU Auzende, AL Badro, J Ryerson, FJ AF Auzende, A-L. Badro, J. Ryerson, F. J. TI Iron partitioning and the selfoxidation of the lower mantle SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 IPGP, IMPMC, Dept Mineral, Paris, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM auzende@impmc.jussieu.fr; badro@impmc.jussieu.fr; ryerson@llnl.gov RI Badro, James/A-6003-2011 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A45 EP A45 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900105 ER PT J AU Boily, JF AF Boily, Jean-Francois TI Temperature-programmed desorption of oxalate from the goethite surface SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM boily@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A105 EP A105 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900224 ER PT J AU Brown, GE Slowey, A Jew, A Kim, CS Lowry, GV Shaw, S Gustin, MS Rytuba, JJ AF Brown, G. E., Jr. Slowey, A. Jew, A. Kim, C. S. Lowry, G. V. Shaw, S. Gustin, M. S. Rytuba, J. J. TI Speciation of mercury in mining environments SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. US Geol Survey, Geol Div, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Chapman Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Orange, CA 92866 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. Univ Nevada, Dept Environm & Resource Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM gordon@pangea.stanford.edu; aslowey@usgs.gov; adamjew@stanford.edu; cskim@chapman.edu; glowry@andrew.cmu.edu; s.shaw@see.leeds.ac.uk; mgustin@cabnr.unr.edu; jrytuba@mojave.wr.usgs.gov RI Shaw, Sam/D-6869-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A126 EP A126 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900266 ER PT J AU Buss, HL Webb, SM Sak, PB Brantley, SL AF Buss, Heather L. Webb, Samuel M. Sak, Peter B. Brantley, Susan L. TI Mineral weathering rates coupled to bedrock fracturing and saprolite formation SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Dickinson Coll, Dept Geol, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM hlbuss@usgs.gov; samwebb@slac.stanford.edu; sakp@dickinson.edu; brantley@eesi.psu.edu RI Buss, Heather/M-1693-2013; Webb, Samuel/D-4778-2009 OI Webb, Samuel/0000-0003-1188-0464 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A138 EP A138 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900290 ER PT J AU Cervini-Silva, J Fernandez, P Gilbert, B Hernandez, M Guzman, J Chavira, E AF Cervini-Silva, Javiera Fernandez, Pilar Gilbert, Benjamin Hernandez, Marisa Guzman, Jose Chavira, Elizabeth TI Stability of nanoparticles in the presence of biological material and their toxicity SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geog, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Mat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RI Gilbert, Benjamin/E-3182-2010 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 BP A155 EP A155 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900322 ER PT J AU Cetiner, Z Xiong, YL Ozkan, SG AF Cetiner, Ziya Xiong, Yongliang Ozkan, Safak Gokhan TI Experimental determination of equilibrium solubility quotients of the natural colemanite in NaCl solutions up to 2.0 m SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Canakkale 18 Mart Univ, Dept Geol Engn, TR-17010 Canakkale, Turkey. Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. Istanbul Univ, Fac Engn, Min Engn Dept, TR-34320 Istanbul, Turkey. EM ziyac@comu.edu.tr; yxiong@sandia.gov; sgozkan@istanbul.edu.tr RI Ozkan, Safak/A-8959-2015 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 BP A155 EP A155 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900323 ER PT J AU Chan, CS Emerson, D Fakra, S Edwards, KJ AF Chan, Clara S. Emerson, David Fakra, Sirine Edwards, Katrina J. TI Formation of biomineralized stalks by a marine iron-oxidizing bacterium SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. Amer Type Culture Collect, Manassas, VA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM cchan@whoi.edu; demerson@gmu.edu; sfakra@lbl.gov; kje@usc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A158 EP A158 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900329 ER PT J AU Christensen, JN Cliff, SS VanCuren, RA Perry, KD DePaolo, DJ AF Christensen, John N. Cliff, Steven S. VanCuren, Richard A. Perry, Kevin D. DePaolo, Donald J. TI Using isotopes to track intercontinental dust transport: Building a bridge from Hefei, China to California, Spring 2002 SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Calif Air Resources Board, Div Res, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Meteorol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jnchristensen@lbl.gov; sscliff@ucdavis.edu; rvancure@arb.ca.gov; perry@met.utah.edu; depaolo@eps.berkeley.edu RI Christensen, John/D-1475-2015 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A172 EP A172 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900357 ER PT J AU Dahn, R Vespa, M Shuh, DK Tyliszczak, T Wieland, E AF Daehn, R. Vespa, M. Shuh, D. K. Tyliszczak, T. Wieland, E. TI Soft x-ray scanning transmission spectromicroscopy of cementitious materials SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Grenoble 1, F-38041 Grenoble, France. EM rainer.daehn@psi.ch RI Daehn, Rainer/I-2406-2016 OI Daehn, Rainer/0000-0001-7629-8470 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A197 EP A197 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900406 ER PT J AU Danielson, LR Righter, K Leinenweber, K Wang, Y AF Danielson, L. R. Righter, K. Leinenweber, K. Wang, Y. TI In situ high P-T melting and phase equilibria experiments on the Allende meteorite SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, APS, GSECARS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lisa.r.danielson@nasa.gov; kevin.righter-1@nasa.gov; kurtl@asu.edu; wang@cars.uchicago.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A200 EP A200 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900412 ER PT J AU Davis, AM Veryovkin, IV Pellin, MJ Savina, MR AF Davis, A. M. Veryovkin, I. V. Pellin, M. J. Savina, M. R. TI The ion nanoprobe: A new instrument for isotopic and chemical analysis at the few-nanometer scale SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Chicago Ctr Coschem, Chicago, IL USA. EM a-davis@uchicago.edu; verigo@anl.gov; pellin@anl.gov; msavina@anl.gov RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A205 EP A205 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900423 ER PT J AU DePaolo, DJ Lu, GP AF DePaolo, Donald J. Lu, Guoping TI Kinetic isotope eEffects in snow crystal growth: Lattice-Boltzman approach SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A218 EP A218 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900448 ER PT J AU Edwards, KJ Marcus, MA Toner, B Santelli, CM AF Edwards, K. J. Marcus, M. A. Toner, B. Santelli, C. M. TI Evaluation of oxidation state and potential for bio-signatures in Fe-bearing minerals in deep-sea minerals using spectroscopic approaches SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM kje@usc.edu; mamarcus@lbl.gov; btoner@whoi.edu; csantelli@whoi.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A249 EP A249 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900510 ER PT J AU Ferrier, KL Kirchner, JWK Finkel, RC AF Ferrier, K. L. Kirchner, J. W. K. Finkel, R. C. TI Chemical weathering rates inferred from cosmogenic radionuclides and immobile element enrichment: Measurements in the Idaho Batholith SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ferrier@eps.berkeley.edu; kirchner@eps.berkeley.edu; finkell@llnl.gov RI Kirchner, James/B-6126-2009 OI Kirchner, James/0000-0001-6577-3619 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A276 EP A276 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900565 ER PT J AU Gilbert, B AF Gilbert, Benjamin TI Surface and electronic structure effects on interfacial charge transfer at iron oxide nanoparticle surfaces SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Earth Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bgilbert@lbl.gov RI Gilbert, Benjamin/E-3182-2010 NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A323 EP A323 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900658 ER PT J AU Hausrath, EM Navarre-Sitchler, AK Sak, PB Steefel, C Brantley, SL AF Hausrath, E. M. Navarre-Sitchler, A. K. Sak, P. B. Steefel, C. Brantley, S. L. TI Basalt weathering rates on Earth and the duration of water on Mars SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Dickinson Coll, Dept Geol, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM emh191@psu.edu RI Steefel, Carl/B-7758-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A387 EP A387 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789900784 ER PT J AU Hendy, EJ Lanzirotti, A Rasbury, T Lough, J AF Hendy, E. J. Lanzirotti, A. Rasbury, T. Lough, J. TI Trace element distributions and coral skeleton micromorphology following a bleaching event SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Bristol, Dept Earth Sci, Bristol BS8 1TH, Avon, England. Univ Chicago, CARS, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Australian Inst Marine Sci, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia. EM e.hendy@bristol.ac.uk; lanzirotti@bnl.gov; erasbury@notes.cc.sunysb.edu; j.lough@aims.gov.au RI Lough, Janice/L-1682-2013; Hendy, Erica/H-4488-2016 OI Hendy, Erica/0000-0001-5949-4349 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A395 EP A395 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901006 ER PT J AU Hofmann, A Liang, L AF Hofmann, A. Liang, L. TI Ferrihydrite in porous media - An inner-sphere complexation and transport approach to describe multiple reactions and predict colloid mobilization SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Sci & Tech Lille Flandres Artois, CNRS, UMR 8110, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM annette.hofmann@univ-lille1.fr; liangl@ornl.gov RI Valley, John/B-3466-2011; Liang, Liyuan/O-7213-2014 OI Valley, John/0000-0003-3530-2722; Liang, Liyuan/0000-0003-1338-0324 NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A411 EP A411 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901038 ER PT J AU Horita, J Polyakov, VB Cole, DR AF Horita, J. Polyakov, V. B. Cole, D. R. TI Calcite-water oxygen isotope fractionation at elevated temperatures: Experimental and theoretical study on the effect of pressure and dissolved NaCl SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RAS, Inst Expt Mineral, Moscow, Russia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RAS, Inst Expt Mineral, Moscow, Russia. EM horitaj@ornl.gov; polyakov@iem.ac.ru; coledr@ornl.gov RI Polyakov, Veniamin/N-9747-2015 OI Polyakov, Veniamin/0000-0002-6718-580X NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A416 EP A416 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901048 ER PT J AU Juillot, F Morin, G Benedetti, M Hazemann, JL Proux, O Bellin, S Briois, V Brown, GE Calas, G AF Juillot, F. Morin, G. Benedetti, M. Hazemann, J. L. Proux, O. Bellin, S. Briois, V. Brown, G. E., Jr. Calas, G. TI Speciation and long-term sequestering of Zn in a naturally enriched soil SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7590, IMPMC,IPGP, Paris, France. Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 5545, LGE,IPGP, Paris, France. ESRF, Grenoble, France. Source OPtimisee Lumiere Energie Intermediaire LU, SOLEIL, Gif Sur Yvette, France. Stanford Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SSRL, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RI Benedetti, Marc/A-5463-2011; Calas, Georges/B-2445-2012 OI Benedetti, Marc/0000-0003-1075-8205; Calas, Georges/0000-0003-0525-5734 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A453 EP A453 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901122 ER PT J AU Kharaka, YK Thordsen, JJ Hovorka, SD Cole, DR Phelps, TJ Bullen, TD AF Kharaka, Y. K. Thordsen, J. J. Hovorka, S. D. Cole, D. R. Phelps, T. J. Bullen, T. D. TI Potential environmental issues of CO2 storage in saline aquifers: Geochemical results from the Frio Brine pilot tests, Texas, USA SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 USGS, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Univ Texas, BEG, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM ykharaka@usgs.gov; susan.hovorka@beg.utexas.edu; coledr@ornl.gov RI Chisholm, Stephanie/A-3540-2012 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A481 EP A481 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901177 ER PT J AU Labotka, TC DeAngelis, MT Cole, DR Fayek, M Riciptui, LR Ushikubo, T Kita, NT Valley, JW AF Labotka, T. C. DeAngelis, M. T. Cole, D. R. Fayek, M. Riciptui, L. R. Ushikubo, T. Kita, N. T. Valley, J. W. TI O isotope exchange during the breakdown of dolomite: An experimental study SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Geol Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geol & Geophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM labotka@utk.edu RI Valley, John/B-3466-2011 OI Valley, John/0000-0003-3530-2722 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A534 EP A534 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901283 ER PT J AU Learman, DR Bose, S Wigginton, NS Brown, SD Hochella, MF AF Learman, D. R. Bose, S. Wigginton, N. S. Brown, S. D. Hochella, M. F., Jr. TI Reduction of hematite nanoparticles by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Virginia Tech, NanoBioEarth Grp, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Wigginton, Nicholas/F-1747-2011; Brown, Steven/A-6792-2011 OI Wigginton, Nicholas/0000-0001-9161-6131; Brown, Steven/0000-0002-9281-3898 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A551 EP A551 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901318 ER PT J AU Lee, VE DePaolo, DJ Christensen, JN AF Lee, Victoria E. DePaolo, Donald J. Christensen, John N. TI U-series comminution ages: Depositional age and transport times for non-marine sediments SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Isotope Geochem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vlee@eps.berkeley.edu RI Christensen, John/D-1475-2015 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A558 EP A558 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901331 ER PT J AU Lentini, CJ Reinsch, BC Gilbert, B Kim, CS AF Lentini, C. J. Reinsch, B. C. Gilbert, B. Kim, C. S. TI Influence of nanoscale iron oxyhydroxide growth on metal sorption/desorption mechanisms SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Chapman Univ, Dept Chem, Orange, CA USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. EM lenti100@chapman.edu RI Reinsch, Brian/D-8897-2012; Gilbert, Benjamin/E-3182-2010 OI Reinsch, Brian/0000-0003-1516-3382; NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A561 EP A561 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901337 ER PT J AU Lesher, CE Wang, Y Gaudio, S Clark, A Rivers, M AF Lesher, C. E. Wang, Y. Gaudio, S. Clark, A. Rivers, M. TI P-V-T equation of state of glasses and melts by X-ray microtomography and absorption SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, GSECARS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM celesher@ucdavis.edu RI Lesher, Charles/A-2468-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A563 EP A563 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901342 ER PT J AU Machesky, M Ridley, M Wesolowski, D Palmer, D Predota, M Vlcek, L Kubicki, J Sofo, J Bandura, A Zhang, Z Fenter, P AF Machesky, Michael Ridley, Moira Wesolowski, David Palmer, Donald Predota, Milan Vlcek, Lukas Kubicki, James Sofo, Jorge Bandura, Andrei Zhang, Zhan Fenter, Paul TI The rutile (110)-electrolyte solution interface to 250 degrees C: A surface complexation synthesis of titration, ab initio, MD, and X-ray spectroscopic results SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Lubbock, TX USA. Univ S Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice 37004, Czech Republic. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA 16804 USA. St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 198904, Russia. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Predota, Milan/A-2256-2009; Sofo, Jorge/J-4415-2012; Vlcek, Lukas/N-7090-2013; Sofo, Jorge/B-4344-2014; Bandura, Andrei/I-2702-2013; Zhang, Zhan/A-9830-2008 OI Predota, Milan/0000-0003-3902-0992; Sofo, Jorge/0000-0003-4513-3694; Vlcek, Lukas/0000-0003-4782-7702; Sofo, Jorge/0000-0003-4513-3694; Bandura, Andrei/0000-0003-2816-0578; Zhang, Zhan/0000-0002-7618-6134 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A609 EP A609 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901433 ER PT J AU Maher, K Steefel, CI Stonestrom, DA White, AF AF Maher, Kate Steefel, Carl I. Stonestrom, David A. White, Art F. TI Control of chemical weathering rates by secondary mineral precipitation: a reactive transport approach for understanding soil genesis SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kmaher@usgs.gov RI Stonestrom, David/E-9125-2011; Steefel, Carl/B-7758-2010 OI Stonestrom, David/0000-0001-7883-3385; NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A613 EP A613 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901441 ER PT J AU McKinley, JP Zachara, JM Heald, SM AF McKinley, J. P. Zachara, J. M. Heald, S. M. TI Microscale controls on contaminants at the Hanford Site SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM james.mckinley@pnl.gov; John.Zachara@pnl.gov; heald@aps.anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A646 EP A646 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901508 ER PT J AU Miot, J Benzerara, K Banerjee, NR Menguy, N Tyliszczak, T Brown, GE Guyot, F AF Miot, J. Benzerara, K. Banerjee, N. R. Menguy, N. Tyliszczak, T. Brown, G. E., Jr. Guyot, F. TI Study at the nanoscale of the alteration of submarine basaltic glass from the Ontong Java Plateau SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Lab Mineral, UMR 7590, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM karim.benzerara@impmc.jussieu.fr RI MENGUY, Nicolas/F-5607-2012 OI MENGUY, Nicolas/0000-0003-4613-2490 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A671 EP A671 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901557 ER PT J AU Moore, J Lichtner, PC White, AF Brantley, SL AF Moore, J. Lichtner, P. C. White, A. F. Brantley, S. L. TI Using reactive transport models and chronosequence data to elucidate differences between laboratory and field mineral dissolution rates SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Penn State Univ, Ctr Environm Kinet Anal, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM joelmoore@psu.edu; lichtner@lanl.gov; afwhite@usgs.gov; brantley@essc.psu.edu RI Moore, Joel/G-7626-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A683 EP A683 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901582 ER PT J AU Navarre-Sitchler, A Steefel, C Hausrath, E Brantley, S AF Navarre-Sitchler, A. Steefel, C. Hausrath, E. Brantley, S. TI Influence of porosity on basalt weathering rates from the clast to watershed scale SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Ctr Environm Kinet Anal, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM anavarre@geosc.psu.edu RI Steefel, Carl/B-7758-2010 NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A707 EP A707 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901630 ER PT J AU Ohnuki, T Yoshida, T Ozaki, T Sakamoto, F Kozai, N Nankawa, T Suzuki, Y Francis, AJ AF Ohnuki, T. Yoshida, T. Ozaki, T. Sakamoto, F. Kozai, N. Nankawa, T. Suzuki, Y. Francis, A. J. TI Interactions of heavy elements with microorganisms SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokyo 3191195, Japan. Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A734 EP A734 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901683 ER PT J AU Ona-Nguema, G Morin, G Wang, Y Juillot, F Guyot, F Calas, G Brown, GE AF Ona-Nguema, G. Morin, G. Wang, Y. Juillot, F. Guyot, F. Calas, G. Brown, G. E., Jr. TI As(V)-bearing lepidocrocite and green rust reduction by Shewanella putrefaciens: Evidence for Fe(II) carbonate hydroxide formation SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Paris 06, IPGP, UMR7590, IMPMC, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Univ Paris 07, F-75221 Paris, France. Stanford Univ, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SLAC, Stanford Synchrotorn Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM onanguem@impmc.jussieu.fr; morin@impmc.jussieu.fr; yuheng@impmc.jussieu.fr; juillot@impmc.jussieu.fr; guyot@impmc.jussicu.fr; calas@impmc.jussieu.fr; gordon@pangea.stanford.edu RI Calas, Georges/B-2445-2012 OI Calas, Georges/0000-0003-0525-5734 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A740 EP A740 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901695 ER PT J AU Pearce, C Coker, V Pattrick, R Law, N Charnock, J Lloyd, J Zuckermann, R AF Pearce, Carolyn Coker, Victoria Pattrick, Richard Law, Nicolas Charnock, John Lloyd, Jonathan Zuckermann, Ronald TI Investigating the biogenic synthesis of chalcogenide-based nanomaterials SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Manchester, SEAES, Manchester, Lancs, England. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA USA. EM carolyn.pearce@manchester.ac.uk; vicky.coker@manchester.ac.uk; richard.pattrick@manchester.ac.uk; nicholas.law@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk; john.chamock@manchester.ac.uk; jon.lloyd@manchester.ac.uk; rnzuckermann@lbl.gov RI Coker, Victoria/B-4181-2012 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A768 EP A768 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901751 ER PT J AU Pena, J Bargar, JR Sposito, G AF Pena, Jasquelin Bargar, John R. Sposito, Garrison TI Influence of transition metal cations on the formation and reactivity of biogenic Mn oxides SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM jpena@nature.berkeley.edu; bargar@slac.stanford.edu; gsposito@nature.berkeley.edu NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A774 EP A774 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901763 ER PT J AU Phillips, BR Coltice, N Bertrand, H Ricard, Y Rey, P AF Phillips, B. R. Coltice, N. Bertrand, H. Ricard, Y. Rey, P. TI Supercontinental warming, plumes, and mantle evolution SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Lyon, Lab Sci Terre, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France. Univ Lyon 1, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France. Univ Sydney, Sch Geosci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM benp@lanl.gov; coltice@univ-lyon1.fr; herve.bertrand@ens-lyon.fr; ricard@ens-lyon.fr; prey@geosci.usyd.edu.au NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A786 EP A786 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901788 ER PT J AU Polyakov, VB Horita, J Cole, DR Chialvo, AA AF Polyakov, V. B. Horita, J. Cole, D. R. Chialvo, A. A. TI Novel corresponding - states principle approach for calculating the isotopic properties of water under elevated temperatures and pressures SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 RAS, Inst Expt Mineral, Chernogolovka, Moscow, Russia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM polyakov@iem.ac.ru; horitaj@ornl.gov; coledr@ornl.gov; chialvoaa@ornl.gov RI Polyakov, Veniamin/N-9747-2015 OI Polyakov, Veniamin/0000-0002-6718-580X NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A802 EP A802 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901820 ER PT J AU Predota, M Vlcek, L Machesky, ML Wesolowski, DJ Cummings, PT AF Predota, M. Vlcek, L. Machesky, M. L. Wesolowski, D. J. Cummings, P. T. TI Adsorption and dynamics of ions at rutile and cassiterite surfaces SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY ID ELECTRIC DOUBLE-LAYER; WATER INTERFACE C1 Univ S Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Chem Proc Fundamentals, CR-16502 Prague, Czech Republic. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM predota@icpf.cas.cz; lukas.vlcek@vanderbilt.edu; machesky@uiuc.edu; wesolowskid@ornl.gov; peter.cummings@vanderbilt.edu RI Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013; Vlcek, Lukas/N-7090-2013 OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216; Vlcek, Lukas/0000-0003-4782-7702 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A808 EP A808 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901832 ER PT J AU Redden, G Fujita, Y Fang, YL Scheibe, TD Tartakovsky, AM Beig, M Smith, RW AF Redden, G. Fujita, Y. Fang, Yi-Lin Scheibe, T. D. Tartakovsky, A. M. Beig, M. Smith, R. W. TI Controlling and predicting subsurface calcium carbonate precipitation for capture of inorganic contaminants SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RI Fang, Yilin/J-5137-2015; Fujita, Yoshiko/S-2007-2016 OI Fujita, Yoshiko/0000-0002-4472-4102 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A824 EP A824 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902020 ER PT J AU Ridley, MK Machesky, ML Blom, DA Allard, LF Hackley, VA AF Ridley, Moipa K. Machesky, Michael L. Blom, Douglas A. Allard, Lawrence F. Hackley, Vincent A. TI Surface structural modeling at the solid-solution interface of nanocrystalline anatase SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM moira.ridley@ttu.edu; machesky@uiuc.edu; blomda@ornl.gov; allardlfjr@ornl.gov; vince.hackley@nist.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A842 EP A842 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902056 ER PT J AU Rosenqvist, J Vlcek, L Manontov, E Machesky, ML Cummings, PT Wesolowski, DJ AF Rosenqvist, J. Vlcek, L. Manontov, E. Machesky, M. L. Cummings, P. T. Wesolowski, D. J. TI Surface charge, ion adsorption and molecular dynamics at the alpha-SnO2/water interface SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. EM rosenqvistjk@ornl.gov; lukas.vlcek@vanderbilt.edu; mamontove@ornl.gov; machesky@uiuc.edu; peter.cummings@vanderbilt.edu; wesolowskid@ornl.gov RI Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013; Vlcek, Lukas/N-7090-2013 OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216; Vlcek, Lukas/0000-0003-4782-7702 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A851 EP A851 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902073 ER PT J AU Sani, RK Peyton, BM Ginn, T Dohnalkova, A AF Sani, R. K. Peyton, B. M. Ginn, T. Dohnalkova, A. TI Interactions of uranium with Fe(III)-(hydr)oxides under sulfate reducing conditions SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. PNNL, Richland, WA USA. EM rajesh.sani@sdsmt.edu; bpeyton@coe.montana.edu; trginn@ucdavis.edu; Alice.Dohnalkova@pni.gov RI Peyton, Brent/G-5247-2015 OI Peyton, Brent/0000-0003-0033-0651 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A874 EP A874 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902120 ER PT J AU Schofield, E Bernier-Latmani, R Veeramani, H Sharp, J Clark, DL Conradon, SD Bargar, JR AF Schofield, Eleanor Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan Veeramani, Harish Sharp, Josh Clark, David L. Conradon, Steven D. Bargar, John R. TI Structural chemistry of cationdoped bacteriogenic UO2 SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, ADSMS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM eleanors@slac.stanford.edu; rizlan.bernier-latmani@epfl.ch; harish.veeramani@epfl.ch; jonathan.sharp@epfl.ch; bargar@slac.stanford.edu RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011; Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan/E-4398-2011 OI Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan/0000-0001-6547-722X NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A902 EP A902 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902176 ER PT J AU Steefel, C Li, L AF Steefel, C. Li, L. TI Interpreting reaction rates at the field scale SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM CISteefel@lbl.gov RI Steefel, Carl/B-7758-2010 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A968 EP A968 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902308 ER PT J AU Suzuki, Y Nankawa, T Ozaki, T Ohnuki, T Francis, AJ AF Suzuki, Y. Nankawa, T. Ozaki, T. Ohnuki, T. Francis, A. J. TI Reduction of U(VI) by Shewanella putrefaciens in the presence of organic acids SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Res Grp Hevey Element Biogeochem, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191194, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM suzuki.yoshinori@jaea.go.jp; ajfrancis@bnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A989 EP A989 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902350 ER PT J AU Thrane, K Connelly, JN Bizzarro, M Borg, L Ulfbeck, D Meyer, B The, LS AF Thrane, K. Connelly, J. N. Bizzarro, M. Borg, L. Ulfbeck, D. Meyer, B. The, L.-S. TI Excess Hf-176 in early crystallised meteorites SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY ID LU-176 DECAY CONSTANT; SYSTEM C1 Univ Copenhagen, Geol Inst, DK-1168 Copenhagen, Denmark. Univ Texas, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. EM kthrane@geol.ku.dk NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A1020 EP A1020 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902412 ER PT J AU Tschauner, O Kiefer, B Liu, HZ AF Tschauner, Oliver Kiefer, Boris Liu, Haozhe TI Crystalchemical aspects and polymorphism in post-perovskite SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, High Pressure Sci & Engn Ctr, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, HPCAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Liu, Haozhe/E-6169-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A1039 EP A1039 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902450 ER PT J AU Turchyn, AV DePaolo, DJ Steefel, CI Schrag, DP AF Turchyn, Alexandra V. DePaolo, Donald J. Steefel, Carl I. Schrag, Daniel P. TI Effect of rapid diagenetic calcite deposition on carbonate associated sulfate and calcium isotopes SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Steefel, Carl/B-7758-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A1042 EP A1042 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902455 ER PT J AU Ulrich, KU Singh, A Dixon, SF Schofield, E Bargar, JR Giammar, DE AF Ulrich, K.-U. Singh, A. Dixon, S. F. Schofield, E. Bargar, J. R. Giammar, D. E. TI Uranium(IV) oxide surface reactivity SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. EM k.ulrich@seas.wustl.edu; bargar@slac.stanford.edu; giammar@wustl.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A1047 EP A1047 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902465 ER PT J AU Ushikubo, T Page, FZ Kita, NT Riciput, LR Valley, JW AF Ushikubo, T. Page, F. Z. Kita, N. T. Riciput, L. R. Valley, J. W. TI Sub-mu m size high precision analysis of delta O-18 in zircon by SIMS SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geol & Geophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM ushi@geology.wisc.edu RI Valley, John/B-3466-2011; Page, F. Zeb/N-4563-2014 OI Valley, John/0000-0003-3530-2722; Page, F. Zeb/0000-0002-2100-0806 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A1048 EP A1048 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902468 ER PT J AU van Groos, PGK Esser, BK Williams, R Hunt, JR AF van Groos, Paul G. Koster Esser, Bradley K. Williams, Ross Hunt, James R. TI Identifying environmental sources of mercury using stable mercury isotopes SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Sci Div, Chem Mat & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA. EM pkostervangroos@berkeley.edu RI Esser, Bradley/G-4283-2010 OI Esser, Bradley/0000-0002-3219-4298 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A516 EP A516 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789901247 ER PT J AU Wang, YH Morin, G Ona-Nguema, G Menguy, N Guyot, F Hazemann, JL Calas, G Brown, GE AF Wang, Yuheng Morin, Guillaume Ona-Nguema, Georges Menguy, Nicolas Guyot, Francois Hazemann, Jean-Louis Calas, Georges Brown, Gordon E., Jr. TI Mechanisms of arsenic scavenging by iron (hydr)oxides in anoxic environments SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Univ Paris 06, UMR 7590, CNRS, IMPMC, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Univ Paris 07, IPGP, F-75221 Paris, France. Stanford Univ, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA USA. EM yuheng.wang@impmc.jussieu.fr; guillaume.morin@impmc.jussieu.fr; gordon@pangea.stanford.edu RI Calas, Georges/B-2445-2012; MENGUY, Nicolas/F-5607-2012 OI Calas, Georges/0000-0003-0525-5734; MENGUY, Nicolas/0000-0003-4613-2490 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A1089 EP A1089 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902549 ER PT J AU Wigginton, NS Rosso, KM Shi, L Lower, BH Hochella, MF AF Wigginton, Nicholas S. Rosso, Kevin M. Shi, Liang Lower, Brian H. Hochella, Michael F., Jr. TI Insights into enzymatic reduction of metal-oxides from single-molecule tunneling studies of multiheme cytochromes SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY AUG, 2007 CL Cologne, GERMANY C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM wigginto@vt.edu RI Wigginton, Nicholas/F-1747-2011 OI Wigginton, Nicholas/0000-0001-9161-6131 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 15 SU S BP A1112 EP A1112 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200VC UT WOS:000248789902596 ER PT J AU Babich, LP Donskoy, EN Roussel-Dupre, RA AF Babich, L. P. Donskoy, E. N. Roussel-Dupre, R. A. TI Study of relativistic electron avalanche enhancement in the atmosphere at low overvoltages due to avalanche bremsstrahlung SO GEOMAGNETISM AND AERONOMY LA English DT Article ID RUNAWAY AIR-BREAKDOWN; THUNDERSTORM; EQUATION AB An effective technique for numerical simulation, using the Monte Carlo technique, of the kinetics of relativistic runaway electron (RE) avalanche and its bremsstrahlung in a dense gas in the external electric field, based on successive generations of REs multiplied due to electron impact, and bremsstrahlung, which is the source of the next RE generation, has been developed. This technique is especially effective at low overvoltages (delta) relative to a relativistic minimum of the drag force (218 keV m(-1) atm(-1)). It has been indicated that the characteristic time of avalanche enhancement is slightly smaller than the time obtained during the previous studies. The numerical simulation of an avalanche in the air has been performed for delta = 1.5. It has been indicated that the processes of secondary RE generation by bremsstrahlung substantially contribute to the rate of avalanche development. In spite of participation of photons, avalanche is concentrated in a relatively small volume, with similar to 1% of electrons outside this volume, which indicates that the feedback mechanism in the development of ascending atmospheric discharges is actual. C1 All Russia Res Inst Expt Phys VNIIEF, Russian Fed Nucl Ctr, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS 0436, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Babich, LP (reprint author), All Russia Res Inst Expt Phys VNIIEF, Russian Fed Nucl Ctr, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0016-7932 EI 1555-645X J9 GEOMAGN AERONOMY+ JI Geomagn. Aeron. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 47 IS 4 BP 515 EP 524 DI 10.1134/S0016793207040135 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 201SY UT WOS:000248854100013 ER PT J AU Droppo, JG AF Droppo, J. G. TI Directional frequency correction for the star meteorological joint frequency computer program SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE modeling; meteorological; accidents; nuclear; accidents; power reactor; accidents; transport AB Atmospheric dispersion computer programs are widely used to simulate air and surface exposures from airborne and deposited radionuclides. For longer-term emissions (i.e., occurring for a year or longer), many of these models use joint frequency tables, which summarize the frequency of occurrence of specific ranges of wind speed and direction as a function of stability categories to define the atmospheric dispersion conditions. This paper addresses directional limitations of a computer code, STAR (STability ARray), that has been historically used to generate these joint frequency tables. As part of an effort to provide an updated version of the STAR code, directional limitations were found stemming from the manner in which the reported direction data are stored in joint frequency data tables. The STAR code provides tabular frequency summaries based on sixteen 22.5degree wind direction sectors. Surface observation data in the CD-144 format from the United States National Oceanographic and Oceanic Administration (NOAA) is read by the STAR program. For 1964 and later years the wind direction has been reported in CD-144 datasets as 10-degree increments instead of the 22.5-degree sector direction codes used in prior years. When 10-degree data are input, the process by which the STAR code puts each wind direction occurrence into the 22.5-degree sectors results in a consistent positive bias for cardinal direction sectors (north, south, east, and west), and a consistent negative bias for all the other sectors. Individual entries in the joint frequencies summaries with high wind frequencies tend to be overestimated by up to about 30% or underestimated down to about -10%. A larger range of changes is seen for entries with lower wind frequencies. To avoid these errors, it is recommended that joint frequencies generated by the STAR program be checked for this directional bias. If the NOAA observational data are for 1964 or later years and generated by the original EPA STAR program, it is likely that the bias will be in the dataset. To be certain, it is best to regenerate the STAR data summary using a revised version of the STAR program (STARR) or an alterative program that better handles the binning of wind directions. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99301 USA. RP Droppo, JG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99301 USA. EM james.droppo@pnl.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 93 IS 2 BP 151 EP 156 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000259970.34358.15 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 189TU UT WOS:000248012200007 PM 17622819 ER PT J AU Donnelly, EH Farfan, EB Parker, DD AF Donnelly, Elizabeth H. Farfan, Eduardo B. Parker, Denise D. TI Potential nuclear and radiological incidents: A summary for clinicians SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE accidents, nuclear; emergencies, radiological; education; emergency planning AB Most clinicians will go their entire career without seeing a patient who has been involved in a nuclear or radiological incident, and many health care professionals feel ill equipped to respond to such incidents. To add to this difficulty, the medical response that is most appropriate for such an event varies, depending on the type of incident. As part of an effort to address these and other challenges for the medical community, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has developed a quick-reference table for clinicians (based on the consensus of numerous stakeholders) that summarizes the key differences between various types of potential nuclear and radiological incidents in relation to some key medical response concerns. This paper is not intended for a clinical audience, but rather presents the table and describes the framework upon which the table is based, providing the health physics community with a clinical perspective of these events. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. WriteSolutions, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Donnelly, EH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM edonnelly@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 93 IS 2 SU S BP S134 EP S138 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000264486.83701.0f PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 193LE UT WOS:000248274700006 PM 17630638 ER PT J AU Lynch, TP AF Lynch, Timothy P. TI A historically significant shield for in vivo measurements SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE operational topic; shielding; historical profiles; radiation protection AB Due to the ubiquitous nature of ionizing radiation, in vivo measurement systems designed to measure low levels of radio-nuclides in people are usually enclosed within a high-density shield. Lead, steel, earth, and water are just some of the materials that have been and are being used to shield the detectors from radiations of cosmic, atmospheric, man-made, and terrestrial origin. At many Department of Energy sites, the counting room shields are constructed of pre-World War II steel to reduce the background levels in order to perform measurements that have low minimum detectable activities. The pre-World War II steel is commonly called low background steel in the in vivo industry vernacular. The low background descriptor comes from the fact the steel was manufactured prior to the beginning of atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons in the 1940's. Consequently, tire steel is not likely to be contaminated with fission or activation products from fallout. For high energy photons (600 keV < E < 1500 keV), 30 cm of steel shielding significantly reduces the measured background radiation levels. This is the story of the unique steel that began as the hull of the U.S.S. Indiana and now forms a shielded room at the In Vivo Radiobioassay and Research Facility in Richland, Washington. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lynch, TP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM tim.lynch@pnl.gov NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 93 IS 2 SU S BP S119 EP S123 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000259867.85459.b2 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 193LE UT WOS:000248274700003 PM 17630635 ER PT J AU Sullivan, PT AF Sullivan, Patrick T. TI "Sometimes, when it gets too hot, you need to look in the kitchen," the legacy fuel coupon transfer project at Brookhaven national laboratory SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE operational topics; waste disposal; waste storage; radiation protection AB This paper describes the activities that were involved with transferring, packaging, and shipping sixteen legacy fuel coupons and the unusual techniques employed. After remaining on the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) Isotopes and Special Material (ISM) Group's inventory for several years, the fuel coupons were finally deemed waste in 2004. The fuel coupons were originally destined for the Hanford Site and were packaged according to Hanford's disposal criteria. After losing the Hanford Site disposal option shortly after packaging the coupons, the Savannah River Site (SRS) became the next option. The fuel coupons would be sent to SRS and stored in an underwater storage facility. This outlet required that the fuel coupons be repackaged and placed into a Shielded Inner Storage Can (SISC for transfer into the SRS storage pool. Because the initial package had not been envisioned to require any repackaging, the resulting effort required many nontraditional techniques. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sullivan, PT (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000,Bldg 860, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM sulli@bnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 93 IS 2 SU S BP S128 EP S133 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000263396.32991.5c PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 193LE UT WOS:000248274700005 PM 17630637 ER PT J AU Timm, J Li, B Daniels, MG Bhattacharya, T Reyor, LL Allgaier, R Kuntzen, T Fischer, W Nolan, BE Duncan, J zur Wiesch, JS Kim, AY Frahm, N Brander, C Chung, RT Lauer, GM Korber, BT Allen, TM AF Timm, Joerg Li, Bin Daniels, Marcus G. Bhattacharya, Tanmoy Reyor, Laura L. Allgaier, Rachel Kuntzen, Thomas Fischer, Will Nolan, Brian E. Duncan, Jared Schulze zur Wiesch, Julian Kim, Arthur Y. Frahm, Nicole Brander, Christian Chung, Raymond T. Lauer, Georg M. Korber, Bette T. Allen, Todd M. TI Human leukocyte antigen-associated sequence polymorphisms in hepatitis C virus reveal reproducible immune responses and constraints on viral evolution SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CD8(+) T-CELLS; IN-VITRO PROLIFERATION; ESCAPE MUTATIONS; HCV INFECTION; LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSE; DOMINANT INFLUENCE; HIV POLYMORPHISMS; HLA; TYPE-1; PERSISTENCE AB CD8(+) T cell responses play a key role in governing the outcome of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and viral evolution enabling escape from these responses may contribute to the inability to resolve infection. To more comprehensively examine the extent of CD8 escape and adaptation of HCV to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I restricted immune pressures on a population level, we sequenced all non-structural proteins in a cohort of 70 chronic HCV genotype la-infected subjects (28 subjects with HCV monoinfection and 42 with HCV/human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] coinfection). Linking of sequence polymorphisms with HLA allele expression revealed numerous HLA-associated polymorphisms across the HCV proteome. Multiple associations resided within relatively conserved regions, highlighting attractive targets for vaccination. Additional mutations provided evidence of HLA-driven fixation of sequence polymorphisms, suggesting potential loss of some CD8 targets from the population. In a subgroup analysis of mono- and co-infected subjects some associations lost significance partly due to reduced power of the utilized statistics. A phylogenetic analysis of the data revealed the substantial influence of founder effects upon viral evolution and HLA associations, cautioning against simple statistical approaches to examine the influence of host genetics upon sequence evolution of highly variable pathogens. Conclusion: These data provide insight into the frequency and reproducibility of viral escape from CD8(+) T cell responses in human HCV infection, and clarify the combined influence of multiple forces shaping the sequence diversity of HCV and other highly variable pathogens. C1 Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Partners AIDS Res Ctr,Infect Dis Div, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Gastrointestinal Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Allen, TM (reprint author), 149 13th St, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. EM tallen2@partners.org RI Fischer, Will/B-1323-2013; Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/J-8956-2013; Allen, Todd/F-5473-2011; OI Fischer, Will/0000-0003-4579-4062; Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/0000-0002-1060-652X; Brander, Christian/0000-0002-0548-5778; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI067926, AI066345, P01 AI061734, P01 AI061734-02, R01 AI067926, U19 AI066345] NR 42 TC 73 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD AUG PY 2007 VL 46 IS 2 BP 339 EP 349 DI 10.1002/hep.21702 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 196SF UT WOS:000248501600010 PM 17559151 ER PT J AU Gatti, D Maki, A Chesler, EJ Kirova, R Kosyk, O Lu, L Williams, RW Perkins, A Langston, MA Threadgill, DW Rusyn, I AF Gatti, Daniel Maki, Akira Chesler, Elissa J. Kirova, Roumyana Kosyk, Oksana Lu, Lu Williams, Robert W. Perkins, Andy Langston, Michael A. Threadgill, David W. Rusyn, Ivan TI Genome-level analysis of genetic regulation of liver gene expression networks SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICE; MOUSE; IDENTIFICATION; SERPINS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; METABOLISM; MICROSOMES; RESISTANCE; PARADIGM; STRAINS AB The liver is the primary site for the metabolism of nutrients, drugs, and chemical agents. Although metabolic pathways are complex and tightly regulated, genetic variation among individuals, reflected in variations in gene expression levels, introduces complexity into research on liver disease. This study dissected genetic networks that control liver gene expression through the combination of large-scale quantitative mRNA expression analysis with genetic mapping in a reference population of BXD recombinant inbred mouse strains for which extensive single-nucleotide polymorphism, haplotype, and phenotypic data are publicly available. We profiled gene expression in livers of naive mice of both sexes from C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, B6D2F1, and 37 BXD strains using Agilent oligonucleotide microarrays. These data were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for variations in the expression of about 19,000 transcripts. We identified polymorphic local and distant QTLs, including several loci that control the expression of large numbers of genes in liver, by comparing the physical transcript position with the location of the controlling QTL. Conclusion: The data are available through a public web-based resource (www.genenetwork.org) that allows custom data mining, identification of coregulated transcripts and correlated phenotypes, cross-tissue, and cross-species comparisons, as well as testing of a broad array of hypotheses. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Hlth Sci Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Nantong Univ, Key Lab Nerve Regenerat, Nantong, Peoples R China. Univ Tennessee, Dept Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. RP Rusyn, I (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, CB 7431, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM iir@unc.edu RI Langston, Michael/A-9484-2011; Rusyn, Ivan/S-2426-2016; Threadgill, David/N-4425-2013; OI Threadgill, David/0000-0003-3538-1635; Williams, Robert/0000-0001-8924-4447 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA013499, AA013513, AA014425, AA016258, R01 AA016258, U01 AA013499, U01 AA013513]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES010126, ES011391, P30 ES010126, U19 ES011391] NR 42 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD AUG PY 2007 VL 46 IS 2 BP 548 EP 557 DI 10.1002/hep.21682 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 196SF UT WOS:000248501600033 PM 17542012 ER PT J AU Song, YS Luo, W Tang, LG Hu, BT AF Song, Yu-Shou Luo, Wei Tang, Li-Guang Hu, Bi-Tao TI The application of fission fragments chamber in direct measurement of heavy a hypernucear lifetime SO HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS-CHINESE EDITION LA English DT Article DE hypernuclei lifetime; FFC; computer simulation ID LAMBDA-HYPERON; WEAK DECAY; B-11-LAMBDA HYPERNUCLEI; C-12-LAMBDA; C-12(LAMBDA); COLLISIONS AB In this paper a new method to measure the lifetime of heavy hypernuclei is introduced, and the main device used in the measurement-fission fragment chamber (FFC)-is tested by a Cf-252 spontaneous source at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab). The chamber has a single-module timing resolution of similar to 163ps. Based on the timing resolution tested, our computer simulation predicts that the error of the measured lifetime is about 9.6ps. C1 Lanzhou Univ, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Hu, BT (reprint author), Lanzhou Univ, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. EM hubt@lzu.edu.cn NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCIENCE CHINA PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 0254-3052 J9 HIGH ENERG PHYS NUC JI High Energy Phys. Nucl. Phys.-Chin. Ed. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 31 IS 8 BP 755 EP 759 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 195IJ UT WOS:000248405400011 ER PT J AU Miller, EK AF Miller, E. K. TI The incremental far field and degrees of freedom of the sinusoidal current filament SO IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION MAGAZINE LA English DT Article DE electromagnetic fields; electromagnetic radiation; antenna radiation patterns; antenna theory; wire antennas; degrees of freedom; sinusoidal current filament; singular values; far field ID PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; CHARACTERISTIC MODES; CONDUCTING BODIES; ANTENNA SYNTHESIS; RADIATION; ELECTROMAGNETICS; DIPOLE AB From where radiation originates for a specified current source or PEC boundary seems not to be as well-understood or agreed-upon as many other aspects of electromagnetics. Two propositions are explored in this article that relate to this issue. One is that if some incremental portion of a source distribution increases (changes) the total far field at any observation angle, then by definition radiation originates from that portion of the source distribution. The other is that the greater the number of degrees of freedom in a radiation pattern, the greater will be the proportion of the source distribution that actually radiates. These issues are explored here in terms of the radiation from a sinusoidal current filament. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lincoln, CA 95648 USA. RP Miller, EK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, 597 Rust Ranch Lane, Lincoln, CA 95648 USA. EM e.miller@ieee.org NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1045-9243 EI 1558-4143 J9 IEEE ANTENN PROPAG M JI IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 49 IS 4 BP 13 EP 21 DI 10.1109/MAP.2007.4385592 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 226LM UT WOS:000250590600003 ER PT J AU Monroe, C Sterk, JD Stick, D AF Monroe, Christopher Sterk, Jonathan D. Stick, Daniel TI The Trap - Toward a chip-based quantum computer SO IEEE SPECTRUM LA English DT Article C1 Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Monroes Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Monroe, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Monroe, Christopher/G-8105-2011 NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9235 J9 IEEE SPECTRUM JI IEEE Spectr. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 44 IS 8 BP 36 EP 43 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 197NR UT WOS:000248563100015 ER PT J AU Basilio, LI Chen, RL Williams, JT Jackson, DR AF Basilio, Lorena I. Chen, Richard L. Williams, Jeffery T. Jackson, David R. TI A new planar dual-band GPS antenna designed for reduced susceptibility to low-angle multipath SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE choke ring antennas; dual-band antennas; Global Positioning System (GPS); microstrip antennas; multipath interference AB A new Global Positioning System (GPS) microstrip patch antenna designed for dual-band (L1/L2) operation is introduced. The antenna design is based on the reduced-surface-wave (RSW) concept and, as a result, is much less susceptible to low-angle multipath interference effects than some of the more commonly-used high-precision GPS antennas. In this-paper, the radiation characteristics of this new design will be compared to a dual-band choke-ring and a dual-band pinwheel antenna. In addition to having the advantages typically associated with microstrip patch antennas, this planar dual-band antenna lacks the design complications associated with the frequently-used stacked-patch method for realizing dual-band microstrip antenna performance. Thus, the simplicity of the design, together with the reduced horizon and backside radiation levels and excellent circular polarization characteristics indicate that this new antenna design is a promising candidate for dual-band, high-precision applications. C1 [Basilio, Lorena I.; Chen, Richard L.; Williams, Jeffery T.; Jackson, David R.] Univ Houston, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Basilio, Lorena I.] Sandia Natl Labs, Electromagnet & Plasma Phys Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Basilio, LI (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Electromagnet & Plasma Phys Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 12 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 55 IS 8 BP 2358 EP 2366 DI 10.1109/TAP.2007.901818 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 248EB UT WOS:000252133500025 ER PT J AU Harris, JR Anaya, RM Blackfield, D Chen, YJ Falabella, S Hawkins, S Holmes, C Paul, AC Sampayan, S Sanders, DM Watson, JA Caporaso, GJ Krogh, M AF Harris, J. R. Anaya, R. M. Blackfield, D. Chen, Y.-J. Falabella, S. Hawkins, S. Holmes, C. Paul, A. C. Sampayan, S. Sanders, D. M. Watson, J. A. Caporaso, G. J. Krogh, M. TI Multilayer high-gradient insulators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION LA English DT Article DE insulator testing; flashover; pulse power systems; accelerators ID VACUUM AB High voltage systems operated in vacuum require insulating materials to maintain spacing between conductors held at different potentials, and may be used to maintain a nonconductive vacuum boundary. Traditional vacuum insulators generally consist of a single material, but insulating structures composed of alternating layers of dielectric and metal can also be built. These "High-Gradient Insulators" have been experimentally shown to withstand higher voltage gradients than comparable conventional insulators. As a result, they have application to a wide range of high-voltage vacuum systems where compact size is important. This paper describes ongoing research on these structures, as well as the current theoretical understanding driving this work. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Missouri, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. RP Harris, JR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1070-9878 J9 IEEE T DIELECT EL IN JI IEEE Trns. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 14 IS 4 BP 796 EP 802 DI 10.1109/TDEI.2007.4286509 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 196YY UT WOS:000248520800006 ER PT J AU Zhang, W Ng, W Pai, C Sandberg, J Tan, Y Tian, Y AF Zhang, W. Ng, W. Pai, C. Sandberg, J. Tan, Y. Tian, Y. TI A simplified model for parameter estimation and circuit analysis of inductive-adder modulator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION LA English DT Article DE impedance; modeling; pulsed power systems; transmission line theory AB In this paper, we propose a simplified model for easy estimation of design parameters and quick analysis of fast pulsed inductive adder modulators. Analytical method is used to deduct the simplified circuit model. This model offers an easy way to understand the behavior of the inductive-adder modulator circuits and provides designers a helpful tool to estimate critical parameters such as pulse rise time, system impedance, number of adder stages, etc. Computer simulations demonstrate that parameter estimation based on simplified circuit model is fairly accurate as compared to original circuit. Further more, this approach can be used in early stage of system development to assist the feasibility study of the project and to aid geometry selection and parameter selection of critical components. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhang, W (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1070-9878 J9 IEEE T DIELECT EL IN JI IEEE Trns. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 14 IS 4 BP 913 EP 920 DI 10.1109/TDEI.2007.4286525 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 196YY UT WOS:000248520800022 ER PT J AU Sullivan, JS Stanley, JR AF Sullivan, J. S. Stanley, J. R. TI 6H-SiC photoconductive switches triggered at below bandgap wavelengths SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION LA English DT Article DE photoconducting devices; photoconductivity; light triggered switches; semiconductor switches; silicon carbide ID DEVICES AB Semi-institating silicon carbide (SiC) is an attractive material for application as high voltage, photoconductive semiconductor switches (PCSS) due to its large bandgap, high critical electric field strength, high electron saturation velocity and high thermal conductivity. The critical field strength of 300 MV/m for 6H-SiC makes it particularly attractive for compact, high voltage, fast switching applications. To realize the benefits of the high bulk electric field strength of SiC and diffuse switch current, carriers must be excited throughout the bulk of the photo switch. Photoconducting switches with opposing electrodes were fabricated on "a" plane, vanadium compensated, semiinsulating, 6H-SiC substrates. The PCSS devices were switched by optically exciting deep extrinsic levels lying within the 6H-SiC bandgap. The SiC photoswitches were tested up to a bias voltage of 11000 V with a corresponding peak current of 150 A. The 6H-SiC substrates withstood average electric fields up to 27 MV/m. Minimum PCCS dynamic resistances of 2 and 10 Q were obtained with 13 mJ optical pulses at 532 and 1064 nm wavelengths, respectively. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sullivan, JS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 7 TC 16 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1070-9878 J9 IEEE T DIELECT EL IN JI IEEE Trns. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 14 IS 4 BP 980 EP 985 DI 10.1109/TDEI.2007.4286537 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 196YY UT WOS:000248520800034 ER PT J AU Zhao, G Joshi, RP Lakdawala, VK Hjalmarson, HP AF Zhao, G. Joshi, R. P. Lakdawala, V. K. Hjalmarson, H. P. TI Electro-thermal simulation studies for pulsed voltage induced energy absorption and potential failure in microstructured ZnO varistors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION LA English DT Article DE energy absorption; ZnO varistor; electro-thermal failure; voronoi network; high voltage pulsing ID ZINC-OXIDE VARISTORS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SURGE ARRESTERS; BREAKDOWN; CERAMICS; TEMPERATURE; MODEL; SEMICONDUCTORS; NONUNIFORMITY; CONDUCTIVITY AB A time-dependent, two-dimensional model is used to study internal heating effects and possible device failure in ZnO varistors in response to a high-voltage pulse. The physics and qualitative trends discussed here should hold for materials with internal microstructured grain boundaries. Our analysis is based on an electro-thermal, random Voronoi network. It allows for the dynamic predictions of internal failure and to track the progression of hot-spots and thermal stresses. Results here show that application of high voltage pulses can lead to the attainment of Bi2O3 melting temperatures in the grain boundaries and an accelerated progression towards failure. Comparisons between uniform and normally distributed barrier breakdown voltage showed relatively small difference. Physically, this is shown to be associated with the applied bias regime and grain size. It is argued that reduction in grain size would help lower the maximum internal stress. This is thus a desirable feature, and would also work to enhance the hold-off voltage for a given sample size. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Zhao, G (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RI Albe, Karsten/F-1139-2011 NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1070-9878 J9 IEEE T DIELECT EL IN JI IEEE Trns. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1007 EP 1015 DI 10.1109/TDEI.2007.4286541 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 196YY UT WOS:000248520800038 ER PT J AU Schultz, LJ Blanpied, GS Borozdin, KN Fraser, AM Hengartner, NW Klimenko, AV Morris, CL Orum, C Sossong, MJ AF Schultz, Larry J. Blanpied, Gary S. Borozdin, Konstantin N. Fraser, Andrew M. Hengartner, Nicolas W. Klimenko, Alexei V. Morris, Christopher L. Orum, Chris Sossong, Michael J. TI Statistical reconstruction for cosmic ray muon tomography SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE expectation maximization (EM); homeland security; iterative methods; tomography ID IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION; RADIOGRAPHY; SCATTERING AB Highly penetrating cosmic ray unions constantly shower the earth at a rate of about 1 muon per cm(2) per minute. We have developed a technique which exploits the multiple Coulomb scattering of these particles to perform nondestructive inspection without the use of artificial radiation. In prior work [1]-[3], we have described heuristic methods for processing union data to create reconstructed images. In this paper, we present a maximum likelihood/expectation maximization tomographic reconstruction algorithm designed for the technique. This algorithm borrows much from techniques used in medical imaging, particularly emission tomography, but the statistics of muon scattering dictates differences. We describe the statistical model for multiple scattering, derive the reconstruction algorithm, and present simulated examples. We also propose methods to improve the robustness of the algorithm to experimental errors and events departing from the statistical model. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Passport Syst Inc, Acton, MA 01720 USA. RP Schultz, LJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM schultz@lanl.gov OI Morris, Christopher/0000-0003-2141-0255; Hengartner, Nicolas/0000-0002-4157-134X NR 13 TC 63 Z9 68 U1 2 U2 16 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1057-7149 EI 1941-0042 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 16 IS 8 BP 1985 EP 1993 DI 10.1109/TIP.2007.901239 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 192HR UT WOS:000248192300005 PM 17688203 ER PT J AU Mandal, KC Kang, SH Choi, M Kargar, A Harrison, MJ McGregor, DS Bolotnikov, AE Carini, GA Camarda, GC James, RB AF Mandal, Krishna C. Kang, Sung H. Choi, Michael Kargar, Alireza Harrison, Mark J. McGregor, Douglas S. Bolotnikov, A. E. Carini, G. A. Camarda, G. C. James, R. B. TI Characterization of low-defect Cd0.9Zn0.1Te and CdTe crystals for high-performance Frisch,Collar detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA DE Cd0.9Zn0.1Te; CdTe; Frisch-collar; low defect density; semiconductor detectors ID CDZNTE; EPITAXY; GROWTH AB Low dislocation density; high-purity, and low inclusion concentration Cd0.9Zn0.1Te (CZT) and CdTe crystals were grown by a vertical Bridgman technique using in-house zone refined precursors. The grown crystals were sequentially processed using optimized chemo-mechanical processes to fabricate planar and Frisch collar detectors. Infrared transmission and scanning electron microscopy studies have shown that EIC grown CZT and CdTe crystals have significantly lower Te inclusions and defect densities than commercially available spectrometer grade crystals. The charge transport properties (electron and hole mobility-lifetime products, mu tau(e) & mu tau(h)) of various detectors have been evaluated by Hecht analysis. The detectors have been tested for spectral response using 59.5 and 662 keV gamma-ray sources. The CZT detectors with planar electrodes showed 2.6% FWHM at 662 keV. By adding a Frisch collar, the detectors' spectra improved significantly. The Frisch collar detectors proved to be very promising for assembling large-area arrays with excellent energy resolution at relatively low manufacturing cost. C1 EIC Labs Inc, Norwood, MA 02062 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, SMART Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mandal, KC (reprint author), EIC Labs Inc, Norwood, MA 02062 USA. EM kmandal@eiclabs.com RI Kang, Sung/B-1084-2010 OI Kang, Sung/0000-0002-9156-3348 NR 14 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 54 IS 4 BP 802 EP 806 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.902371 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 203MB UT WOS:000248977600009 ER PT J AU Chen, H Awadalla, SA Mackenzie, J Redden, R Bindley, G Bolotnikov, AE Camarda, GS Carini, G AF Chen, Henry Awadalla, Salah A. Mackenzie, Jason Redden, Robert Bindley, Glenn Bolotnikov, A. E. Camarda, G. S. Carini, G. TI Characterization of traveling heater method (THM) grown Cd(0.9)Zn(0.1)Te crystals SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors/ 2006 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE CdZnTe; CZT; homeland security; medical; imaging; optical deep level transient spectroscopy (ODLTS); pixellated detectors; Te inclusion; traveling heater method ID CADMIUM-ZINC TELLURIDE; NUCLEAR RADIATION DETECTORS; DEEP LEVELS; CDZNTE; CONTACTS; CDTE; SPECTROSCOPY; PERFORMANCE; ETCHANTS; SURFACES AB High-performance semi-ingulating single crystals of n-type Cd(0.9)Zn(0.1)Te (CZT) were grown using the traveling heater method (THM). X-ray and gamma-ray detector configurations fabricated from this material have a room-temperature mean energy resolution of 4.3% FWHM for a (57)Co source (122 keV) and uniform pixel-to-pixel response on monolithic 20 x 20 x 5 mm(3) pixellated detectors. Energy resolution of < 1% FWHM for (137)Cs (662 keV) has been measured on virtual Frisch-grid 4 x 4 x 11 mm(3) devices useful for homeland security applications. Additional characterization techniques including mobility-lifetime measurements, infrared microscopy, X-ray topography, and OPTICAL Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy (ODLTS) have demonstrated the superior quality of this THM CZT. C1 Redlen Technol, Sidney, BC V8L 5Y8, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11793 USA. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Redlen Technol, Sidney, BC V8L 5Y8, Canada. EM henry.chen@redlen.com; bolotnik@bnl.gov NR 36 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 5 U2 18 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 54 IS 4 BP 811 EP 816 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.902369 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 203MB UT WOS:000248977600011 ER PT J AU Bolotnikov, AE Camarda, GS Carini, GA Cui, Y Kohman, KT Li, L Salomon, MB James, RB AF Bolotnikov, A. E. Camarda, G. S. Carini, G. A. Cui, Y. Kohman, K. T. Li, L. Salomon, M. B. James, R. B. TI Performance-limiting defects in CdZnTe detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors/ 2006 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE CdZnTe; semiconductor detectors; Te inclusions AB We studied the effects of small, < 20 mu m, Te inclusions on the energy resolution of CdZnTe gamma-ray detectors using a highly collimated X-ray beam and gamma-rays, and modeled them via a simplified geometrical approach. Previous reports demonstrated that Te inclusions of about a few microns in diameter degraded the charge-transport properties and uniformity of CdZnTe detectors. The goal of this work was to understand the extent to which randomly distributed Te-rich inclusions affect the energy resolution of CZT detectors, and to define new steps to overcome their deleterious effects. We used a phenomenological model, which depends on several adjustable parameters, to reproduce the experimentally measured effects of inclusions on energy resolution. We also were able to bound the materials-related problem and predict the enhancement in performance expected by reducing the size and number of Te inclusions within the crystals. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11793 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Yinnel Tech Inc, South Bend, IN 46619 USA. RP Bolotnikov, AE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11793 USA. EM bolotnik@bnl.gov NR 17 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 17 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 54 IS 4 BP 821 EP 827 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.894555 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 203MB UT WOS:000248977600013 ER PT J AU Luke, PN Amman, M AF Luke, Paul N. Amman, Mark TI Room-temperature replacement for ge detectors - Are we there yet? SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors/ 2006 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE gamma-ray detectors; semiconductor detectors; room-temperature gamma-ray detectors ID SEMICONDUCTOR-DETECTORS; COPLANAR ELECTRODES; RADIATION DETECTORS; ENERGY RESOLUTION; CDZNTE DETECTORS; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; FANO FACTOR; PERFORMANCE; CHARGE; TECHNOLOGY AB The search for a semiconductor detector capable of room-temperature operation with similar performance to liquid-nitrogen-cooled Ge detectors has been going on for several decades. The main challenge is in achieving the very high degree of spatial uniformity in the detector response that is needed for high-resolution gamma-ray detection. There exist two distinct paths that one can take to meet this goal. One path is to develop materials with near-perfect charge transport properties similar to that of Ge. This, requires materials with high mobilities and lifetimes for both electrons and holes, which means extremely low concentrations of electrically-active and carrier-trapping defects. The other path is to employ special device technologies that can provide a highly uniform detector response given the charge transport properties of existing room-temperature semiconductor materials. Many types of device structures and readout techniques have been proposed and investigated, but only a few have the potential to achieve near-Ge spectral performance. We will discuss the basic material and device requirements, the obtainable performance, the state of the technology, and the challenges of these different approaches. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Luke, PN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pniuke@lbl.gov; Mark-Amman@lbl.gov NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 54 IS 4 BP 834 EP 842 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.903184 PN 1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 203MB UT WOS:000248977600015 ER PT J AU Zhang, F He, Z Seifert, CE AF Zhang, Feng He, Zhong Seifert, Carolyn E. TI A prototype three-dimensional position, sensitive CdZnTe detector array SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors/ 2006 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE CdZnTe; detector array; gamma-ray spectrometer; position sensitive; three-dimensional (3-D) ID GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETERS; READOUT ELECTRONICS; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; SPECTROSCOPY AB A new CdZnTe gamma-ray spectrometer system that employs two layers of modular detector arrays is being developed under the collaboration between the University of Michigan and the Pacific Northwest National Labaratory (PNNL). Each layer can accommodate up to three by three 3-dimensional position sensitive CdZnTe gamma-ray spectrometers. This array system is based on the newly developed VAS_UM/TAT4 ASIC readout electronics. Each of the nine detector modules consists of a pixellated CdZnTe detector and a VAS_UM/TAT4 ASIC front-end board. Each 1.5 x 1.5 x 1.0 cm(3) CdZnTe detector employs an array of 11 by 11 pixellated anodes and a planar cathode. The energy depositions and 3-dimensional positions of individual interactions of each incident gamma ray can be obtained from pulse amplitude, location of each pixel anode and the drift time of electrons. Ten detectors were tested individually and half of them achieved resolution of < 1.0% FWHM at 662 keV for single-pixel events (similar to 30% of all 662 keV full energy deposition events). Two of them were tested in a simple array to verify that the upgrade to an array system does not sacrifice the performance of individual detectors. Experimental results of individual detectors and a two-detector array system are presented, and possible causes for several worse performing detectors are discussed. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, F (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM zhangf@umich.edu; carolyn.seifert@pnl.gov; carolyn.seifert@pnl.gov RI Chang, Yong/B-3541-2009 NR 19 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 54 IS 4 BP 843 EP 848 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.902354 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 203MB UT WOS:000248977600016 ER PT J AU Cui, YG Bolotnikov, AE Camarda, GS Carini, GA De Geronimo, G O'Connor, P James, RB Kargar, A Harrison, MJ McGregor, DS AF Cui, Yonggang Bolotnikov, Aleksey E. Camarda, Giuseppe S. Carini, Gabriella A. De Geronimo, Gianluigi O'Connor, Paul James, Ralph B. Kargar, Alireza Harrison, Mark Jason McGregor, Douglas S. TI Readout system for Arrays of frisch-ring CdZnTe detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors CY OCT 29-NOV 04, 2006 CL San Diego, CA DE cdZnTe; data acquisition system; Frisch-ring detector ID SEMICONDUCTOR RADIATION DETECTOR; PERFORMANCE AB Frisch-ring CdZnTe detectors have demonstrated good energy resolution for identifying isotopes, < 1% FWHM at 662 keV, and good efficiency for detecting gamma rays. To facilitate the application of this detector in radiation detection, we are designing a portable device that can incorporate with an 8 x 8 Frisch-ring detector Array. A prototype system has been designed, which includes detector modules, front-end electronics, signal processing circuit, USB interface and high-voltage power supply. This paper describes the design and assembly of the detector modules and the structure of the prototype system. Some test results are also reported. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Cui, YG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ycui@bnl.gov; mcgregor@ksu.edu NR 12 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 54 IS 4 BP 849 EP 853 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.903174 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 203MB UT WOS:000248977600017 ER PT J AU Schwank, JR Paillet, P AF Schwank, James R. Paillet, Philippe TI Comments by the editors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. CEA, Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Schwank, JR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 54 IS 4 BP 886 EP 886 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.904075 PN 2 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 203MC UT WOS:000248977700002 ER PT J AU Dodd, PE Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Ferlet-Cavrois, V Paillet, P Baggio, J Hash, GL Felix, JA Hirose, K Saito, H AF Dodd, P. E. Schwank, J. R. Shaneyfelt, M. R. Ferlet-Cavrois, V. Paillet, P. Baggio, J. Hash, G. L. Felix, J. A. Hirose, K. Saito, H. TI Heavy ion energy effects in CMOS SRAMs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th European Workshop on Radiation and its Effects on Components and Systems CY SEP 27-29, 2006 CL Athens, GREECE DE indirect ionization; integrated circuit reliability; nuclear reactions; radiation effects; radiation hardness assurance; single event effects; single event latchup; single event upset. ID SINGLE-EVENT UPSET; NUCLEAR-REACTIONS; TECHNOLOGIES AB The impact of heavy ion energy on SEU and SEL in commercial and radiation-hardened CMOS SRAMs is explored. Provided the ion range is large enough for the ions to reach the sensitive device region, standard low-energy heavy ion testing is conservative with respect to high-energy heavy ions, at least for LETs above the threshold for direct ionization-induced upsets. However, below the threshold LET for direct ionization-induced effects we find some differences between low- and high-energy tests. These differences are attributed to the effects of nuclear reaction-induced secondary particles. Implications for hardness assurance testing and error rate calculations are discussed. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. CEA, DIF, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. RP Dodd, PE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM pedodd@sandia.gov; hirose@pub.isac.ac.jp NR 16 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 54 IS 4 BP 889 EP 893 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.893425 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 203MC UT WOS:000248977700003 ER PT J AU Schwank, JR Sexton, FW Shaneyfelt, MR Fleetwood, DM AF Schwank, J. R. Sexton, F. W. Shaneyfelt, M. R. Fleetwood, D. M. TI Total ionizing dose hardness assurance issues for high dose rate environments SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th European Workshop on Radiation and its Effects on Components and Systems CY SEP 27-29, 2006 CL Athens, GREECE DE dose rate effects; electron radiation; hardness assurance; IC degradation; LINAC radiation; proton radiation; total dose radiation; transistor degradation ID TRANSIENT RADIATION UPSET; MOS CAPACITORS; X-RAY; TRANSISTORS; IRRADIATIONS; CHARGE; ICS AB Transistors and ICs were irradiated at dose rates from 0.2 to 2 x 10(9) rad(SiO2)/s using a wide range of radiation sources. The mechanisms causing parametric IC failure varied with dose rate. At low dose rates from 0.2 to 100 rad(SiO2)/s, parametric IC failure in these devices was dominated by radiation-induced degradation of the gate oxide transistors. At dose rates from 1.8 x 10(3) to 10(3) rad(SiO2)/s, parametric IC degradation was dominated by large increases in radiation-induced parasitic field oxide leakage current. At very high dose rates of 2 x 10(9) rad(SiO2)/s, no parametric failure was observed due to debiasing effects caused by rail-span collapse. These differences in dose rate response can make hardness assurance testing for high dose rate environments very challenging. Simple '' overtests '' at dose rates from 50 to 300 rad(SiO2)/s may greatly underestimate the radiation hardness of ICs in high dose rate environments. Because the failure mechanism may vary with dose rate, circuit design, and/or device technology, the best procedure for ensuring IC radiation hardness in greater than 300 rad(SiO2)/s environments is to use radiation sources that mimic the system environment. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Schwank, JR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM schwanjr@sandia.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1042 EP 1048 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.893000 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 203MC UT WOS:000248977700027 ER PT J AU Cellere, G Paccagnella, A Visconti, A Bonanomi, M Beltrami, S Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Paillet, P AF Cellere, Giorgio Paccagnella, Alessandro Visconti, Angelo Bonanomi, Mauro Beltrami, S. Schwank, Jim R. Shaneyfelt, Marty R. Paillet, Philippe TI Total ionizing dose effects in NOR and NAND flash memories SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th European Workshop on Radiation and its Effects on Components and Systems CY SEP 27-29, 2006 CL Athens, GREECE DE floating gate memories; proton irradiation; total; ionizing dose ID RADIATION; CELLS; ENERGY AB We irradiated floating gate (FG) memories with NOR and NAND architecture by using different TID sources, including 2 MeV, 98 MeV, and 105 MeV protons, X-rays, and gamma-rays. Two classes of phenomena are responsible for charge loss from pro-grammed FGs: the first is charge generation, recombination, and transport in the dielectrics, while the second is the emission of electrons above the oxide band. Charge loss from programmed FGs irradiated with protons of different energy closely tracks results from gamma-rays, whereas the use of X-rays results in dose enhancement effects. C1 Univ Padua, DEI, I-35100 Padua, Italy. STMicroelect, FRM Adv R&D, I-20041 Agrate Brianza, MI, Italy. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. CEA DIF, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. RP Cellere, G (reprint author), Univ Padua, DEI, I-35100 Padua, Italy. EM giorgio.cellere@ieee.org; paccag@dei.unipd.it; angelo.visconti@st.com; mauro.bonanomi@st.com; schwanjr@sandia.gov; shaneymr@sandia.gov; philippe.paillet@cea.fr NR 29 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1066 EP 1070 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.901199 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 203MC UT WOS:000248977700031 ER PT J AU Pfund, DM Runkle, RC Anderson, KK Jarman, KD AF Pfund, David Michael Runkle, Robert C. Anderson, Kevin K. Jarman, Kenneth D. TI Examination of count-starved gamma spectra using the method of spectral comparison ratios SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE anomaly detection; gamma-ray spectral analysis; gamma-ray spectroscopy; radiation monitoring AB We discuss the determination of energy region (bin) boundaries and decision metrics for gamma-ray spectra, acquired using a mid-resolution detector, that are useful for detecting illicit sources at low total counts. The bins are designed to produce the lowest minimum detectable counts, using a spectral comparison ratio technique at a given false-positive rate for a specified population of benign-source spectra. Spectra from the benign source population consist of observations taken by a detector on a moving vehicle, as would be obtained during a search for a missing or hidden source. Raw counts in bins are transformed into a vector of background-corrected count differences. Bin boundaries are determined to yield large values of a standardized length of this vector for benign-plus-benchmark sources by applying an optimization technique. The objective function includes penalties for overlap with the spectral features of naturally occurring radioactive materials. We compare estimated minimum detectable count values for such bins applied to depleted uranium and barium-133 sources with those based on gross counting, and we examine the effect of nuisance potassium-, radium- an thorium-dominated sources. Using this methodology, we demonstrate that energy bins may be chosen to be sensitive to special nuclear materials, improving the likelihood of detection in low-count or masked-source searches. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pfund, DM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM david.pfund@pnl.gov; robert.runkle@pnl.gov; kevin.anderson@pnl.gov; kj@pnl.gov RI Jarman, Kenneth/B-6157-2011; OI Jarman, Kenneth/0000-0002-4396-9212; Anderson, Kevin/0000-0001-5613-5893 NR 10 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1232 EP 1238 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.901202 PN 3 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 203MD UT WOS:000248977800007 ER PT J AU Robinson, SM Kaye, WR Schweppe, JE Siciliano, ER AF Robinson, Sean M. Kaye, Willy R. Schweppe, John E. Siciliano, Edward R. TI Optimal background attenuation for fielded radiation detection systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE background reduction; radiation detectors; radiation monitoring; shielding; terrestrial background AB Radiation detectors are often placed in positions difficult to shield from the effects of terrestrial background. This is particularly true in the case of Radiation Portal Monitor (RPM) systems, as their wide viewing angle and outdoor installations make them susceptible to terrestrial background from the surrounding area. A low background is desired in most cases, especially when attempting to extract a weak signal. The problem of shielding a generalized RPM from terrestrial background is considered, to provide strong guidance to the designers of RPM systems. Various detector and shielding scenarios are modeled with the Monte-Carlo N Particle (MCNP) computer code. Amounts of nominal-density shielding needed to attenuate the terrestrial background to varying degrees are given, along with optimal shielding geometry to be used in areas where natural shielding is limited, and where radiation detection must occur in the presence of natural background. Common shielding solutions such as steel plating are evaluated based on the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the benefits are weighed against the incremental cost. The greatest SNR increases for a generalized system are gained by shielding the internal detector cavity, direct shielding of the ground between the detectors, and the addition of collimators as long as are possible without changing the detector locations, or unnecessarily reducing the field of view. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Radiat Portal Monitor Project, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Robinson, SM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Radiat Portal Monitor Project, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sean.robinson@pnl.gov; john.schweppe@pnl.gov; edward.siciliano@pnl.go NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1279 EP 1284 DI 10.1109/TNS.2007.901196 PN 3 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 203MD UT WOS:000248977800014 ER PT J AU Peratt, AL Eastman, TE AF Peratt, Anthony L. Eastman, Timothy E. TI Special issue on space and cosmic plasma SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Perot Syst Corp, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Peratt, AL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 BP 741 EP 744 DI 10.1109/TPS.2007.905079 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 199MT UT WOS:000248700600001 ER PT J AU Peratt, AL McGovern, J Qoyawayma, AH Van der Sluijs, MA Peratt, MG AF Peratt, Anthony L. McGovern, John Qoeyawayma, Alfred H. Van der Sluijs, Marinus Anthony Peratt, Mathias G. TI Characteristics for the occurrence of a high-current Z-pinch aurora as recorded in antiquity part II: Directionality and source SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE archaeoastronomy; aurora; dense plasma focus (DPF); global information systems; magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instability; petroglyph; plasma; plasma universe; Z-pinch ID MAGNETOSPHERE-IONOSPHERE INTERACTIONS; DENSE-PLASMA; PICTOGRAPHS; FOCUS; CAVE AB The discovery that objects from the Neolithic or Early Bronze Age carry patterns associated with high-current Z-pinches provides a possible insight into the origin and meaning of these ancient symbols produced by humans. Part I deals with the comparison of graphical and radiation data from high-current Z-pinches to petroglyphs, geoglyphs, and megaliths. Part I focused primarily, but not exclusively, on petroglyphs of some 84 different morphologies: pictures found in laboratory experiments and carved on rock. These corresponded to. mankind's visual observations of ancient aurora as might be produced if the solar wind had increased (T. Gold) at times between one and two orders of magnitude, millennia ago. Part II focuses on the source of light and its temporal change from a current-increasing Z-pinch or dense-plasma-focus aurora. Orientation and field-of-view data are given as surveyed and contributed from 139 countries, from sites and fields containing several millions of these objects. This information allows a reconstruction of the auroral form presumably associated with extreme geomagnetic storms and shows, based on existent geophysical evidence, plasma flow inward at Earth's south polar axis. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Penn, Museum Archaeol & Anthropol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Inst Epigraph & Aboriginal Recordings, Georgetown, SA 5472, Australia. Qoyawayma Ceram & Epigraph, Prescott, AZ 86301 USA. Mythopedia, London, England. Raytheon Corp, Network Commun Syst, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA. RP Peratt, AL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM alp@ieeetps.org NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 BP 778 EP 807 DI 10.1109/TPS.2007.902630 PN 1 PG 30 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 199MT UT WOS:000248700600008 ER PT J AU Morimiya, O Struve, KW AF Morimiya, Osami Struve, Kenneth W. TI Special issue on electrical discharges in vacuum SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Nippon Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Saitama 3458501, Japan. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Morimiya, O (reprint author), Nippon Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Saitama 3458501, Japan. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SI SI BP 854 EP 855 DI 10.1109/TPS.2007.904539 PN 2 PG 2 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 199MZ UT WOS:000248701200001 ER PT J AU Goncharov, AA Brown, IG AF Goncharov, Alexey A. Brown, Ian G. TI Plasma devices based on the plasma lens - A review of results and applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd IEEE International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum CY SEP 25-29, 2006 CL Matsue, JAPAN SP IEEE Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc DE heavy ion beams; ion manipulation; ion treatment and cleaning; plasma devices; plasma lens; plasma optics ID HEAVY-ION BEAMS; LARGE-AREA AB We review some novel developments of the electrostatic plasma lens and some new plasma devices based on the plasma-optical idea of magnetic insulation of electrons and equipotentialization along magnetic field lines. The plasma lens configuration of crossed electric and magnetic fields provides an attractive and simple method in establishing a stable plasma discharge at low pressure and has been used to develop some cost-effective low-maintenance plasma devices for ion cleaning, surface activation, and polishing of substrates prior to film deposition. Recent embodiments of these devices use permanent magnets and possess considerable flexibility with respect to spatial configuration. C1 NASU, Inst Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Goncharov, AA (reprint author), NASU, Inst Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. EM gonchar@iop.kiev.ua; igbrown@lbl.gov NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SI SI BP 986 EP 991 DI 10.1109/TPS.2007.902624 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 199MZ UT WOS:000248701200021 ER PT J AU Ivanov, VV Sotnikov, VI Sarkisov, G Astanovitskiy, AL Laca, PJ Cowan, TE Jones, B Deeney, C Oliver, BV Mehlhorn, TA Leboeuf, JNG AF Ivanov, V. V. Sotnikov, Vladimir I. Sarkisov, Gennady Astanovitskiy, A. L. Laca, P. J. Cowan, T. E. Jones, Brent Deeney, Christopher Oliver, Bryan V. Mehlhorn, Thomas A. Leboeuf, Jean-Noel G. TI Experimental study of the dynamics of large- and small-scale structures in the plasma column of wire array Z-pinches SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE flute modes; plasma turbulence; wire array; Z-pinches ID X-RAY POWER; IMPLOSIONS; INSTABILITY; PHYSICS; MODES AB The dynamics of large- and small-scale plasma structures is investigated in the precursor of 1-MA wire array Z-pinches by laser probing diagnostics. It is found that plasma streams from the wires induce density perturbations in the precursor. Small-scale perturbations and large-scale cells arise in the nonlinear stage before implosion. The spatial and temporal scales of the observed structures are in agreement with the theoretical investigation for current-driven excitation of electromagnetic flute modes. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Nevada Terawatt Facil, Reno, NV 89506 USA. Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Pulsed Power Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Radiog Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Ivanov, VV (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Nevada Terawatt Facil, Reno, NV 89506 USA. EM ivanov@physics.unr.edu RI Cowan, Thomas/A-8713-2011 OI Cowan, Thomas/0000-0002-5845-000X NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1170 EP 1177 DI 10.1109/TPS.2007.902130 PN 3 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 199NE UT WOS:000248701700020 ER PT J AU Smith, JC Milligan, MR DeMeo, EA Parsons, B AF Smith, J. Charles Milligan, Michael R. DeMeo, Edgar A. Parsons, Brian TI Utility wind integration and operating impact state of the art SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE wind ancillary service impacts; wind energy; wind integration AB In only six years, from 2000 to 2006, wind energy has,become a-significant resource on many electric utility systems, with nearly 74 000 MW of nameplate capacity installed worldwide at the end of 2006. Wind energy is now "utility scale" and can affect utility system planning and operations for both generation and transmission. The utility industry in general, and transmission system operators in particular, are beginning to take note. At the end of 2005, the Power Engineering Society (PES) published a special issue of its Power & Energy Magazine that focused on integrating wind into the power system. This paper provides a summary and update on many of the salient points from that special issue about the current state of knowledge regarding utility wind integration issues. C1 Util Wind Integrat Grp, Reston, VA 20195 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Renewable Energy Consulting Serv, Palo Alto, CA 94306 USA. RP Smith, JC (reprint author), Util Wind Integrat Grp, Reston, VA 20195 USA. EM jcharlessmith@comcast.net; michael_milligan@nrel.gov; edemeo@earthlink.net; brian_parsons@nrel.gov NR 22 TC 185 Z9 195 U1 1 U2 20 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0885-8950 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 22 IS 3 BP 900 EP 908 DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2007.901598 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 194NW UT WOS:000248352100002 ER PT J AU Zhou, N Pierre, JW Trudnowski, DJ Guttromson, RT AF Zhou, Ning Pierre, John W. Trudnowski, Daniel J. Guttromson, Ross T. TI Robust RLS methods for online estimation of power system electromechanical modes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE autoregressive; electromechanical mode; identification; power system parameter estimation; power system small; signal stability; robust recursive least square (RRLS) ID AMBIENT DATA; IDENTIFICATION; SIGNALS AB This paper proposes a robust recursive least square (RRLS) algorithm for online identification of power system modes based on measurement data. The measurement data can be either ambient or ringdown. Also, the mode estimation is provided in real-time. The validity of the proposed RRLS algorithm is demonstrated with both simulation data from a 17-machine model and field measurement data from a wide area measurement system (WAMS). Comparison with the conventional recursive least square (RLS) and least mean square (LMS) algorithms shows that the proposed RRLS algorithm can identify the modes from the combined ringdown and ambient signals with outliers and missing data in real-time without noticeable performance degradation. An adaptive detrend algorithm is also proposed to remove the signal trend based on the RRLS algorithm. It is shown that the algorithm can keep up with the measurement data flow and work online to provide real-time mode estimation. C1 Univ Wyoming, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. Univ Montana, Dept Engn, Butte, MT 59701 USA. RP Zhou, N (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ning.zhou@pnl.gov; pierre@uwyo.edu; DTrudnowski@mtech.edu; ross.guttromson@pnl.gov NR 18 TC 76 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0885-8950 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 22 IS 3 BP 1240 EP 1249 DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2007.901104 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 194NW UT WOS:000248352100040 ER PT J AU Mendell, MJ AF Mendell, M. J. TI Indoor residential chemical emissions as risk factors for-respiratory and allergic effects in children: a review SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Review ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; INTERIOR SURFACE MATERIALS; PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW; 3.0 PPM FORMALDEHYDE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; HOUSE-DUST; ASTHMA SYMPTOMS; AIRWAY SYMPTOMS; MITE ALLERGEN; BUILDING CHARACTERISTICS AB Most research into effects of residential exposures on respiratory health has focused on allergens, moisture/mold, endotoxin, or combustion products. A growing body of research from outside the US; however, has associated chemical emissions from common indoor materials with risk of asthma, allergies, and pulmonary infections. This review summarizes 21 studies in the epidemiologic literature on associations between indoor residential chemical emissions, or emission-related materials or activities, and respiratory health or allergy in infants or children. Associations, some strong, were reported between many risk factors and respiratory or allergic effects. Risk factors identified most frequently included formaldehyde or particleboard, phthalates or plastic materials, and recent painting. Findings for other risk factors, such as aromatic and aliphatic chemical compounds, were limited but suggestive. Elevated risks were also reported for renovation and cleaning activities, new furniture, and carpets or textile wallpaper. Reviewed studies were entirely observational, limited in size, and variable in quality, and specific risk factors identified may only be indicators for correlated, truly causal exposures. Nevertheless, overall evidence suggests a new class of residential risk factors for adverse respiratory effects, ubiquitous in modern residences, and distinct from those currently recognized. It is important to confirm and quantify any risks, to motivate and guide necessary preventive actions. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mendell, MJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd MS 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mjmendell@lbl.gov RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015 OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284 NR 103 TC 162 Z9 168 U1 9 U2 60 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0905-6947 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD AUG PY 2007 VL 17 IS 4 BP 259 EP 277 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2007.00478.x PG 19 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 201QX UT WOS:000248848800002 PM 17661923 ER PT J AU Fisk, WJ Lei-Gomez, Q Mendell, MJ AF Fisk, W. J. Lei-Gomez, Q. Mendell, M. J. TI Meta-analyses of the associations of respiratory health effects with dampness and mold in homes SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY-SCHOOL CHILDREN; ADULT-ONSET ASTHMA; INDOOR ENVIRONMENT; BUILDING DAMPNESS; RISK-FACTORS; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; PARENTAL ATOPY; SYMPTOMS; EXPOSURES AB The Institute of Medicine (TOM) of the National Academy of Sciences recently completed a critical review of the scientific literature pertaining to the association of indoor dampness and mold contamination with adverse health effects. In this paper, we report the results of quantitative meta-analyses of the studies reviewed in the TOM report plus other related studies. We developed point estimates and confidence intervals (CIs) of odds ratios (ORs) that summarize the association of several respiratory and asthma-related health outcomes with the presence of dampness and mold in homes. The ORs and CIs from the original studies were transformed to the log scale and random effect models were applied to the log ORs and their variance. Models accounted for the correlation between multiple results within the studies analyzed. Central estimates of ORs for the health outcomes ranged from 1.34 to 1.75. CIs (95%) excluded unity in nine of 10 instances, and in most cases the lower bound of the CI exceeded 1.2. Based on the results of the meta-analyses, building dampness and mold are associated with approximately 30-50% increases in a variety of respiratory and asthma-related health outcomes. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Indoor Environm Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fisk, WJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Indoor Environm Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd 90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wjfisk@lbl.gov RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015; feng, yongzhong/F-5090-2012 OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284; feng, yongzhong/0000-0002-5202-4368 NR 41 TC 237 Z9 242 U1 11 U2 47 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0905-6947 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD AUG PY 2007 VL 17 IS 4 BP 284 EP 296 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2007.00475.x PG 13 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 201QX UT WOS:000248848800004 PM 17661925 ER PT J AU Hodgson, AI Destaillats, H Sullivan, DP Fisk, WJ AF Hodgson, A. I. Destaillats, H. Sullivan, D. P. Fisk, W. J. TI Performance of ultraviolet photocatalytic oxidation for indoor air cleaning applications SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; GAS-PHASE; TIO2; ETHANOL; WATER; PHOTODEGRADATION; VOCS; PURIFICATION; DEGRADATION; ADSORPTION AB Ultraviolet photocatalytic oxidation (UVPCO) systems for removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from air are being considered for use in office buildings. Here, we report an experimental evaluation of a UVPCO device with tungsten oxide modified titanium dioxide (TiO2) as the photocatalyst. The device was challenged with complex VOC mixtures. One mixture contained 27 VOCs characteristic of office buildings and another comprised 10 VOCs emitted by cleaning products, in both cases at realistic concentrations (low ppb range). VOC conversion efficiencies varied widely, usually exceeded 20%, and were as high as similar to 80% at about 0.03 s residence time. Conversion efficiency generally diminished with increased airflow rate, and followed the order: alcohols and glycol ethers > aldehydes, ketones, and terpene hydrocarbons > aromatic and alkane hydrocarbons > halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons. Conversion efficiencies correlated with the Henry's law constant more closely than with other physicochemical parameters. An empirical model based on the Henry's law constant and the gas-phase reaction rate with hydroxyl radical provided reasonable estimates of pseudo-first order photocatalytic reaction rates. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, formic acid and acetic acid were produced by the device due to incomplete mineralization of common VOCs. Formaldehyde outlet/inlet concentration ratios were in the range 1.9-7.2. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Environm Energy Technol Div, Dept Indoor Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Hodgson, AI (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Environm Energy Technol Div, Dept Indoor Environm, 1 Cyclotron Rd 90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM athedgson@lbl.gov RI Destaillats, Hugo/B-7936-2013 NR 48 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 7 U2 72 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0905-6947 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD AUG PY 2007 VL 17 IS 4 BP 305 EP 316 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2007.00479.x PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 201QX UT WOS:000248848800006 PM 17661927 ER PT J AU Schaber, JA Triffo, WJ Suh, SJ Oliver, JW Hastert, MC Griswold, JA Auer, M Hamood, AN Rumbaugh, KP AF Schaber, J. Andy Triffo, W. Jeffrey Suh, Sang Jin Oliver, Jeffrey W. Hastert, Mary Catherine Griswold, John A. Auer, Manfred Hamood, Abdul N. Rumbaugh, Kendra P. TI Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms biofilms in acute infection independent of cell-to-cell signaling SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID QUORUM-SENSING SIGNALS; BURN WOUND INFECTIONS; BACTERIAL BIOFILMS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TWITCHING MOTILITY; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; MOUSE MODEL; EXPRESSION; VIRULENCE; ALGINATE AB Biofilms are bacterial communities residing within a polysaccharide matrix that are associated with persistence and antibiotic resistance in chronic infections. We show that the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms biofilms within 8 h of infection in thermally injured mice, demonstrating that biofilms contribute to bacterial colonization in acute infections as well. Using light, electron, and confocal scanning laser microscopy, P. aeruginosa biofilms were visualized within burned tissue surrounding blood vessels and adipose cells. Although quorum sensing (QS), a bacterial signaling mechanism, coordinates differentiation of biofilms in vitro, wild-type and QS-deficient P. aeruginosa strains formed similar biofilms in vivo. Our findings demonstrate that P. aeruginosa forms biofilms on specific host tissues independently of QS. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Bioengn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Rumbaugh, KP (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, 3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. EM kendra.rumbaugh@ttuhsc.edu NR 39 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 75 IS 8 BP 3715 EP 3721 DI 10.1128/IAI.00586-07 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 194PB UT WOS:000248355200005 PM 17562773 ER PT J AU Erdelyi, G Mehrer, H Imre, AW Lograsso, TA Schlagel, DL AF Erdelyi, G. Mehrer, H. Imre, A. W. Lograsso, T. A. Schlagel, D. L. TI Self-diffusion in Ni2MnGa SO INTERMETALLICS LA English DT Article DE magnetic intermetallics; ternary alloy systems; diffusion; phase transformations; shape-memory effects ID HEUSLER ALLOYS; ORDERED ALLOYS; B2 STRUCTURE; NICKEL; INTERMETALLICS AB Lattice self-diffusion of Ni-63, Ga-67, and Mn-54 tracers was studied in the ferromagnetic Ni2MnGa shape-memory alloy. The composition of the monocrystalline alloy was slightly Ni-rich (Ni53.7Mn21.1Ga25.2) and the direction of diffusion was perpendicular to the (100) plane. In the B2' and L2(1) structures, the diffusion coefficients of the transition metal components are close to each other within a factor of 2. Gallium diffuses in the L2(1) structure 2-4 orders of magnitude slower. At about 1100 K, a change of the slope was detected on the Arrhenius plots of the transitional metal components. This sharp change is due to the L2(1)-B2' transformation. The Ga diffusivity seems not to be affected by the transformation. Interestingly, the diffusion activation energy of Mn and Ni is definitely higher in the B2' phase. The diffusion trends observed in B2' and L2(1) structures are explained qualitatively in the framework of a six-jump-cycle (6JC) mechanism. In the L2(1) structure one can define Ga-migrating and transition metal migrating cycles. These cycles result in rather different activation energies for the diffusion of transition metal atoms and for Ga atoms in the L2(1) structure. In the B2' structure, however, all components (Ni, Mn, Ga) should take part in every type of six-jump cycle, resulting in similar diffusion parameters for all 3 components. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Debrecen, Dept Solid State Phys, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Univ Munster, Inst Mat Phys, D-4400 Munster, Germany. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Erdelyi, G (reprint author), Univ Debrecen, Dept Solid State Phys, POB 2, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. EM erdelyi@tigris.unideb.hu RI Imre, Arpad/A-5329-2008 NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-9795 EI 1879-0216 J9 INTERMETALLICS JI Intermetallics PD AUG PY 2007 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1078 EP 1083 DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2007.01.001 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 190NH UT WOS:000248065300013 ER PT J AU Ma, D Cao, H Chang, YA AF Ma, D. Cao, H. Chang, Y. A. TI Identifying bulk metallic glass-formers from multi-component eutectics SO INTERMETALLICS LA English DT Article DE glasses, metallic; phase diagram, prediction ID FORMING ALLOYS AB Multi-component eutectics are potentially bulk metallic glass (BMG)-formers, making their compositions the best starting points in the development of BMGs. Here we formulate a thermodynamic strategy to pin down BMG-formers from invariant eutectic compositions calculated using a Calphad approach. Taking Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni as a model system, we demonstrate that 4 out of 14 thermodynamically predicted eutectics are BMG-formers, and, more strikingly, 2 of them are associated with the experimentally observed Zr-Cu-rich and Ti-Cu-rich BMG-forming regions. A variety of new amorphous alloys are also expected by tailoring the compositions of the other 2 BMG-forming eutectics. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Ma, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM dongma@ornl.gov RI Ma, Dong/G-5198-2011 OI Ma, Dong/0000-0003-3154-2454 NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-9795 J9 INTERMETALLICS JI Intermetallics PD AUG PY 2007 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1122 EP 1126 DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2007.01.006 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 190NH UT WOS:000248065300019 ER PT J AU Tan, H Huang, Y Liu, C Ravichandran, G Paulino, GH AF Tan, Henry Huang, Young Liu, Cheng Ravichandran, Guruswami Paulino, Glaucio H. TI Constitutive behaviors of composites with interface debonding: the extended Mori-Tanaka method for uniaxial tension SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE LA English DT Article DE interface debonding; size effect; Mori-Tanaka method; composites; cohesive law ID INTERNAL-BOND MODEL; INTERSONIC CRACK-PROPAGATION; FILLED ELASTOMERS; BRITTLE MATERIALS; CONTINUUM MODEL; SIMULATION; FRACTURE; SOLIDS; DAMAGE; INCLUSIONS AB Debonding of particle/matrix interfaces can significantly affect the macroscopic behavior of composite materials. We have used a nonlinear cohesive law for particle/matrix interfaces to study the effect of interface debonding on the macroscopic behavior of particle-reinforced composite materials subject to uniaxial tension. The Mori-Tanaka method, which is suitable for composites with high particle volume fraction, is extended to account for interface debonding. At a fixed particle volume fraction, small particles lead to the hardening behavior of the composite while large particles yield softening. The interface sliding may contribute significantly to the macroscopic behavior of the composite. C1 [Tan, Henry] Univ Manchester, Sch Mech Aerosp & Civil Engn, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England. [Huang, Young] Northwestern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Huang, Young] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Liu, Cheng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ravichandran, Guruswami] CALTECH, Grad Aeronaut Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Paulino, Glaucio H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Tan, H (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Mech Aerosp & Civil Engn, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England. EM henry.tan@manchester.ac.uk; huang9@uiuc.edu RI Paulino, Glaucio/A-2426-2008; Huang, Yonggang/B-6998-2009 NR 32 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-9429 J9 INT J FRACTURE JI Int. J. Fract. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 146 IS 3 BP 139 EP 148 DI 10.1007/s10704-007-9155-5 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 245ZE UT WOS:000251976500002 ER PT J AU Schefer, RW Houf, WG Williams, TC Bourne, B Colton, J AF Schefer, R. W. Houf, W. G. Williams, T. C. Bourne, B. Colton, J. TI Characterization of high-pressure, underexpanded hydrogen-jet flames SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE hydrogen; turbulent jet; combustion; hydrogen flames ID DIFFUSION FLAMES; DECAY AB Measurements were performed to characterize the dimensional and radiative properties of large-scale, vertical hydrogen-jet flames. This data is relevant to the safety scenario of a sudden leak in a high-pressure hydrogen containment vessel and will provide a technological basis for determining hazardous length scales associated with unintended hydrogen releases at storage and distribution centers. Jet flames originating from high-pressure sources up to 413 bar (6000 psi) were studied to verify the application of correlations and scaling laws based on lower-pressure subsonic and choked-flow jet flames. These higher pressures are expected to be typical of the pressure ranges in future hydrogen storage vessels. At these pressures the flows exiting the jet nozzle are categorized as underexpanded jets in which the flow is choked at the jet exit. Additionally, the gas behavior departs from that of an ideal-gas and alternate formulations for non-ideal gas must be introduced. Visible flame emission was recorded on video to evaluate flame length and structure. Radiometer measurements allowed determination of the radiant heat flux characteristics. The flame length results show that lower-pressure engineering correlations, based on the Froude number and a non-dimensional flame length, also apply to releases up to 413 bar (6000 psi). Similarly, radiative heat flux characteristics of these high-pressure jet flames obey scaling laws developed for low-pressure, smaller-scale flames and a wide variety of fuels. The results verify that such correlations can be used to a priori predict dimensional characteristics and radiative heat flux from a wide variety of hydrogen-jet flames resulting from accidental releases. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Schefer, RW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM rwsche@sandia.gov RI Schefer, Jurg/G-3960-2012 NR 16 TC 62 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD AUG PY 2007 VL 32 IS 12 BP 2081 EP 2093 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.08.037 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 214LM UT WOS:000249739100061 ER PT J AU Miller, SF Blau, PJ Shih, AJ AF Miller, Scott F. Blau, Peter J. Shih, Albert J. TI Tool wear in friction drilling SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MACHINE TOOLS & MANUFACTURE LA English DT Article DE tool wear; friction drilling; wear measurement; chipless hole making ID COMPOSITE; ALUMINUM AB This study investigates the tool wear in friction drilling, a nontraditional hole-making process. In friction drilling, a rotating conical tool uses the heat generated by friction to soften and penetrate a thin workpiece and create a bushing without generating chips. The wear of a conical tungsten carbide tool used for friction drilling a low carbon steel workpiece is studied. Tool wear characteristics are quantified by measuring its weight change, detecting changes in its shape with a coordinate measuring machine, and making observations of wear damage using scanning electron microscopy. Energy dispersive spectrometry is applied to analyze the change in chemical composition of the tool surface due to drilling. In addition, the thrust force and torque during drilling and the hole size are measured periodically to monitor the effects of tool wear. Results indicate that the carbide tool is durable, showing minimal tool wear after drilling 11,000 holes, but observations also indicate the progressively severe abrasive grooving on the tool tip. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Shih, AJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM shiha@umich.edu NR 11 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0890-6955 J9 INT J MACH TOOL MANU JI Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 47 IS 10 BP 1636 EP 1645 DI 10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2006.10.009 PG 10 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 225NZ UT WOS:000250525900014 ER PT J AU Zhang, WN Ren, YY Wong, CY AF Zhang, Wei-Ning Ren, Yan-Yu Wong, Cheuk-Yin TI Pion elliptic flow and hbt interferometry in a granular quark-gluon plasma droplet model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; COLLABORATION; PREDICTIONS; PERSPECTIVE; MATTER AB We use a model of quark-gluon plasma granular droplets that evolve hydrodynamically to investigate pion elliptic flow and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry. We find that the data of pion transverse momentum spectra, elliptic flows, and HBT radii in root(NN)-N-S = 200 GeV Au + Au collisions at RHIC can be described well by an expanding source of granular droplets with an anisotropic velocity distribution. C1 [Zhang, Wei-Ning; Ren, Yan-Yu] Harbin Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Harbin 150006, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Wei-Ning] Dalian Univ Technol, Dept Phys, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China. [Wong, Cheuk-Yin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wong, Cheuk-Yin] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Zhang, WN (reprint author), Harbin Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Harbin 150006, Peoples R China. EM weiuingzh@hotmail.com; reuyauyu@126.com; wougc@ornl.gov OI Wong, Cheuk-Yin/0000-0001-8223-0659 NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 EI 1793-6608 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 1832 EP 1838 DI 10.1142/S0218301307007076 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700009 ER PT J AU Zuo, JX Cai, XZ Chen, JH Ma, GL Ma, YG AF Zuo, J. X. Cai, X. Z. Chen, J. H. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. TI Anisotropic flows of Omega baryon due to parton cascades SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; PHI-MESON PRODUCTION; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; COLLECTIVE FLOW; MODEL AB The directed flow upsilon(1), elliptic flow upsilon(2) and the fourth order anisotropic flow upsilon(4) of Omega, p, K and pi have been studied in the framework a parton cascade model, namely A Multi-Phase Transport (AMPT) model for Au-197 + Au-197 collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 200 GeV. Transverse momentum (p(T)) dependence of upsilon(2) and upsilon(4) and rapidity dependence of upsilon(1) are presented. The results show that the upsilon(2) of Omega obeys the constituent quark number scaling which has been observed for other mesons and baryons. It is seen that upsilon(4)/upsilon(2)(2) is scaled better by 1.2 than 0.5. The comparisons of Omega elliptic flow upsilon(2) among the default version of AMPT, the melting version of AMPT and RQMD model calculation shows that parton scattering process is important to reproduce the sizeable upsilon(2), and the string melting AMPT model preferably reproduces Omega elliptic flow upsilon(2). C1 [Zuo, J. X.; Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Div Nucl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Zuo, J. X.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zuo, JX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Div Nucl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. EM zuojiaxu@sinap.ac.cn; caixz@sinap.ac.cn; ygma@sinap.ac.cn RI Ma, Guo-Liang/B-4166-2012 NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 1870 EP 1876 DI 10.1142/S0218301307007131 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700015 ER PT J AU Mironov, C Castro, M Constantin, P Kunde, GJ Vogt, R AF Mironov, Camelia Castro, Maria Constantin, Paul Kunde, Gerd J. Vogt, Ramona TI Probing the quark-gluon plasma at the LHC with Z(0)-tagged jets in CMS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; COLLABORATION AB An important tool in quark-gluon plasma studies at RHIC has been the measurement of dijets investigated via leading hadron correlations. With much higher rates for hard processes at the Large Hadron Collider, studies of Z(0)-tagged jets become possible. A clear experimental signature is provided by the measurement of muon pairs from the Z(0) decays, for which CMS is an ideally suited detector. Instead of measuring back-to-back correlations of two strongly interacting particles, one side is replaced by an electromagnetic probe which propagates through the plasma undisturbed and provides a measurement of the energy of the initial hard scattering. We propose to use lepton-pair tagged jets to study medium-induced partonic energy loss and to measure in-medium parton fragmentation functions. The lepton pairs from semileptonic decays of heavy meson pairs (BB and DD) are a background source for the tagged dilepton-jet signal. We present the calculated signal rates (using PYTHIA) and background rates (using HVQMNR). We also discuss strategies for maximizing the signal-to-background ratio. C1 [Mironov, Camelia; Castro, Maria; Constantin, Paul; Kunde, Gerd J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Vogt, Ramona] Laurence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vogt, Ramona] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Vogt, Ramona] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Mironov, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cmironov@lanl.gov; vogt@lbl.gov NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 1950 EP 1956 DI 10.1142/S0218301307007283 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700028 ER PT J AU Jia, JY AF Jia, Jiangyong CA PHENIX Collaboration TI pi(0)-h correlation in Cu+Cu at root(NN)-N-S=200 GeV SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID JET CORRELATION; PHENIX AB We present the results of the two-particle Delta phi correlation between high PT pi(0) and charged hadrons in Cu+Cu collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 200 GeV. Clear away-side jet signals are seen in central Cu+Cu collisions at all associated hadron PT, albeit suppressed by factor of 2 above 2 GeV/c. This level is similar to the suppression seen for inclusive hadrons at high PT (> 7 GeV/c). However, this agreement is argued to be the result of a cancellation between a flatter away-side parton spectra due to the requirement of high PT triggers and a bigger energy loss due to a longer path length traversed by the away-side jet. C1 [Jia, Jiangyong] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Jia, Jiangyong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11976 USA. RP Jia, JY (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM jjia@bnl.gov NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 2000 EP 2004 DI 10.1142/S0218301307007362 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700036 ER PT J AU Tannenbaum, MJ AF Tannenbaum, M. J. TI Why the x(E) distribution triggered by a leading particle does not measure the fragmentation function but does measure the ratio of the transverse momenta of the away-side jet to the trigger-side jet SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ AB Hard-scattering of point-like constituents (or partons) in p-p collisions was discovered at the CERN-ISR1 in 1972 by measurements utilizing inclusive single or pairs of hadrons with large transverse momentum (PT). Due to the steeply falling power-law PT spectrum of the hard-scattered partons, the inclusive single particle (e.g. pi(0)) PTt spectrum from parton fragmentation to a jet is dominated by trigger fragments with large z(t) similar to 0.7-0.8, where z(t) = pT(t)/p(Tjet) is the fragmentation variable. It was generally assumed, following Feynman, Field and Fox,(2) as shown by data from the CERN-ISR experiments, that the pT(a) distribution of away side hadrons from a single particle trigger [with pTt], corrected for zt, would be the same as that from a jet-trigger and follow the same fragmentation function as observed in e(+)e(-) or DIS. PHENIX3 attempted to measure the fragmentation function from the away side x(E) similar to pT(a)/pT(t) distribution of charged particles triggered by a pi(0) in p-p collisions at RHIC and showed by explicit calculation that the xE distribution is actually quite insensitive to the fragmentation function. Illustrations of the original arguments and ISR results will be presented. Then the lack of sensitivity to the fragmentation function will be explained, and an analytic formula for the xE distribution given, in terms of incomplete Gamma functions, for the case where the fragmentation function is exponential. The away-side distribution in this formulation has the nice property that it both exhibits xE scaling and is directly sensitive to the ratio of the away jet PT, to that of the trigger jet, pTt, and thus can be used, for example, to measure the relative energy loss of the two jets from a hard-scattering which escape from the medium in A+A collisions. Comparisons of the analytical formula to RHIC measurements will be presented, including data from STAR(4,5) and PHENIX,(3,6) leading to some interesting conclusions. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tannenbaum, MJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, 510c, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mjt@bnl.gov OI Tannenbaum, Michael/0000-0002-8840-5314 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 2011 EP 2017 DI 10.1142/S0218301307007386 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700038 ER PT J AU Yan, L Zhuang, PF Xu, N AF Yan, Li Zhuang, Pengfei Xu, Nu TI Charm quark thermalization in quark-gluon plasma SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS AB The charm quark thermalization in quark-gluon plasma is described by a transport model in relaxation time approximation. Combining the transport equation for charm quarks with the hydrodynamic description for the medium, we calculated the charm quark transverse momentum distribution and discussed its dependence on the relaxation time. C1 [Yan, Li; Zhuang, Pengfei] Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Xu, Nu] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yan, L (reprint author), Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 2048 EP 2054 DI 10.1142/S0218301307007441 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700044 ER PT J AU Longacre, RS AF Longacre, R. S. CA Star Collaboration TI Observation of Delta phi Delta eta scaled correlation signals which increase with centrality of AuAu collisions at root(NN)-N-S=200 GeV SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID ANGULAR-CORRELATIONS; MODEL AB We show the preliminary charged-particle pair correlation analyses presented in a poster session at the 2006 International (quark Matter Conference in Shanghai China. The correlation analysis space of Delta phi (azimuth) and Delta eta (pseudo-rapidity) are considered as a function of centrality for minimum bias Au + Au collisions in the mid-transverse momentum range in the STAR detector. The analyses involve unlike-sign charge pairs and like-sign charge pairs, which are transformed into charge-dependent (CD) signals and charge-independent (CI) signals. We use a multiplicity scale to compare the different centralities. We find the signals increase with increasing centrality. A model featuring dense gluonic hot spots as first proposed by van Hove predicts that the observables under investigation would have sensitivity to such a substructure should it occur. A blast wave model including multiple hot spots motivates the selection of transverse momenta in the range 0.8 GeV/c < pt < 4.0 GeV/c. C1 [Longacre, R. S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Longacre, RS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 EI 1793-6608 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 2149 EP 2153 DI 10.1142/S021830130700760X PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700060 ER PT J AU Sakaguchi, T AF Sakaguchi, Takao CA PHENIX Collaboration TI System size and energy dependence of high p(T) hadron production measured with PHENIX experiment at RHIC SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ AB PHENIX has measured high transverse momentum (p(T)) identified hadrons in different collision species and energies in the last five RHIC runs. The systematic study of the high p(T) hadron production provides an idea on interaction of hard scattered partons and the matter created in relativistic heavy ion collision. The eta/pi(0) ratio is measured in Au + Au collisions, which gives a hint on the system thermalization and particle production. A future measurement of hadron and photon measurement is discussed. C1 [Sakaguchi, Takao] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sakaguchi, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 2166 EP 2173 DI 10.1142/S0218301307007635 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700063 ER PT J AU Enokizono, A AF Enokizono, Akitomo CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Pair momentum and centrality dependences of 3-D HBT radii of charged pions measured by RHIC-PHENIX SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ AB We report recent HBT measurements of charged pions in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at root(NN)-N-S - 62.4 GeV by PHENIX at RHIC. The 3-D correlation functions are measured for several centrality and pair momentum regions and 3-D HBT radii are obtained by a traditional Gaussian fit function. By comparing the pion 3-D HBT radii with those measured in Au+Au collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 200 GeV, we investigate systematic differences in the 3-D HBT radii as functions of centrality and pair momentum for different collision species and energies. C1 [Enokizono, Akitomo] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Enokizono, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-305,7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM enokizono2@llnl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 2216 EP 2221 DI 10.1142/S0218301307007714 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700071 ER PT J AU Mitsutani, K Kitazawa, M Kunihiro, T Nemoto, Y AF Mitsutani, Kazuya Kitazawa, Masakiyo Kunihiro, Teiji Nemoto, Yukio TI Further analysis of excitations of quarks at finite temperature - Mass effect and pole structure SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID TRANSITION; MATTER AB We calculate the spectral function of the massive quark at finite temperature (T) using a Yukawa model and show that the peak in the negative energy region among the three-peaks found in a previous work for the massless quark is largely suppressed. To explore the underlying mechanism of this behavior, we also investigate the pole structure of the retarded Green function of the quark. We will show the result only for the massless quark. We find the residues of the poles corresponding the three-peaks are all comparable at T similar to m(b). We also show that the multi-peak structure of the quark spectra is well described in the pole approximation which indicates that the quasi-paricle picture is valid in this T region. C1 [Mitsutani, Kazuya; Kunihiro, Teiji] Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Kitazawa, Masakiyo] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Nemoto, Yukio] Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. RP Mitsutani, K (reprint author), Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. EM kazuya@yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp; kitazawa@quark.phys.bul.gov; kunihiro@yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp; nemoto@hkeu.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 2263 EP 2268 DI 10.1142/S0218301307007787 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700078 ER PT J AU Brown, D Vogt, R AF Brown, David Vogt, Ramona TI Hend: A database for high-energy nuclear data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ AB We propose to develop a high-energy heavy-ion experimental database and make it accessible to the scientific community through an on-line interface. The database will be searchable and cross-indexed with relevant publications, including published detector descriptions. It should eventually contain all published data from older heavy-ion programs such as the Bevalac, AGS, SPS and FNAL fixed-target programs, as well as published data from current programs at RHIC and new facilities at GSI (FAIR), KEK/Tsukuba and the LHC collider. This data includes all proton-proton, proton-nucleus to nucleus-nucleus collisions as well as other relevant systems and all measured observables. Such a database would have tremendous scientific payoff as it makes systematic studies easier and allows simpler benchmarking of theoretical models to a broad range of experiments. To enhance the utility of the database, we propose periodic data evaluations and topical reviews. These reviews would provide an alternative and impartial mechanism to resolve discrepancies between published data from rival experiments and between theory and experiment. Since this database will be a community resource, it requires the high-energy nuclear physics community's financial and manpower support. C1 [Brown, David] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Vogt, Ramona] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vogt, Ramona] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Brown, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM brown170@llnl.gov; RLVogt@lbl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 2370 EP 2374 DI 10.1142/S0218301307007957 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700095 ER PT J AU Hidaka, Y Kitazawa, M AF Hidaka, Yoshimasa Kitazawa, Masakiyo TI Spectrum of soft mode with thermal mass of quarks above critical temperature SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID HOT GAUGE-THEORIES; GLUON PLASMA; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; AMPLITUDES; COLLISIONS; MATTER AB We study effects of a thermal-quark mass and Landau damping of quarks on the chiral phase transition and its soft modes at finite temperature. For this purpose we employ a simple model with the quark propagator obtained in the hard thermal loop approximation. We show that the chiral phase transition is second order even if quark have a finite thermal mass, and the thermal mass suppresses the chiral condensate. We argue that mesonic spectra have a large width due to scattering between gluons and quarks, and the van Hove singularity at threshold.(1). C1 [Hidaka, Yoshimasa; Kitazawa, Masakiyo] RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hidaka, Y (reprint author), RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM hidaka@quark.phy.bul.gov; kitazawa@quark.phy.bul.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 2394 EP 2399 DI 10.1142/S0218301307007994 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700099 ER PT J AU David, G AF David, Gabor TI Electromagnetic probes at RHIC-II SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ DE direct photon; dielectron; quark-gluon plasma; relativistic heavy ion collisions ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; COLLISIONS; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE AB We will summarize how future measurements of electromagnetic probes at the upgraded Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC-II), in connection with theoretical analysis, can advance our understanding of strongly interacting matter at high energy densities and temperatures. Electromagnetic probes have already played a very important role at SPS and RHIC to date. We will try to identify key physics objectives and observables that remain to be addressed. These include measuring the initial temperature and examining the transition properties via continuum radiation, studying the energy loss mechanism in the medium, the system size evolution via photon-photon correlations as well as medium modifications of vector mesons via low-mass dileptons. We will argue that detector upgrades, increased experimental precision, order of magnitude higher statistics than currently achievable, as well as a detailed scan of colliding species and energies are necessary to allow for sufficient discrimination power in theoretical interpretations. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP David, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7-8 BP 2549 EP 2554 DI 10.1142/S0218301307008239 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 249YR UT WOS:000252267700123 ER PT J AU Bronevetsky, G de Supinski, BR AF Bronevetsky, Greg de Supinski, Bronis R. TI Complete formal specification of the OpenMP memory model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PARALLEL PROGRAMMING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Worksho on OpenMP (IWOMP) CY JUN 12-15, 2006 CL Reims, FRANCE DE OpenMP; parallel programming; formal systems; theorem proving AB OpenMP [OpenMP Architecture Review Board. OpenMP application program interface, version 2.5] is an important API for shared memory programming, combining shared memory's potential for performance with a simple programming interface. Unfortunately, OpenMP lacks a critical tool for demonstrating whether programs are correct: a formal memory model. Instead, the current official definition of the OpenMP memory model (the OpenMP 2.5 specification [OpenMP Architecture Review Board. OpenMP application program interface, version 2.5]) is in terms of informal prose. As a result, it is impossible to verify OpenMP applications formally since the prose does not provide a formal consistency model that precisely describes how reads and writes on different threads interact. We expand on our previous work that focused on the formal verification of OpenMP programs through a formal memory model [Greg Bronevetsky and Bronis de Supinski. Formal specification of the memory model. In International Workshop on OpenMP (IWOMP), (2006)]. As in that work, our formalization, which is derived from the existing prose model [OpenMP Architecture Review Board. OpenMP application program interface, version 2.5], provides a two-step process to verify whether an observed OpenMP execution is conformant. This paper extends the model to cover the entire specification. In addition to this formalization, our contributions include a discussion of ambiguities in the current prose-based memory model description. Although our formal model may not capture the current informal memory model perfectly, in part due to these ambiguities, our model reflects our understanding of the informal model's intent. We conclude with several examples that may indicate areas of the OpenMP memory model that need further refinement, however it is specified. Our goal is to motivate the OpenMP community to adopt those refinements eventually, ideally through a formal model, in later OpenMP specifications. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Bronevetsky, G (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM bronevetsky@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7458 J9 INT J PARALLEL PROG JI Int. J. Parallel Program. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 BP 335 EP 392 DI 10.1007/s10766-007-0051-4 PG 58 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 192UK UT WOS:000248228500002 ER PT J AU Edwards, JV Howley, P Davis, R Mashchak, A Goheen, SC AF Edwards, J. Vincent Howley, Phyllis Davis, Rachel Mashchak, Andrew Goheen, Steven C. TI Protease inhibition by oleic acid transfer from chronic wound dressings to albumin SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Article DE occlusive wound dressings; oleic acid; cationic proteases; cotton; albumin; micelles; chronic wounds ID HUMAN NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE; DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS; IN-VITRO; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PRESSURE ULCERS; FATTY-ACIDS; LEG ULCERS; COTTON; CELLULOSE AB High elastase and cathepsin G activities have been observed in chronic wounds to inhibit healing through degradation of growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix proteins. Oleic acid is a non-toxic elastase inhibitor. Cotton wound dressing material was characterized as a transfer carrier for affinity uptake of oleic acid by albumin under conditions mimicking chronic wounds. The mechanism of oleic acid uptake from cotton and binding by albumin was examined with both intact dressings and cotton fiber-designed chromatography. Raman spectra of the albumin-oleic acid complexes under liquid equilibrium conditions revealed fully saturated albumin-oleic acid complexes with a 1:1 weight ratio of albumin:oleic acid. Liquid-solid equilibrium conditions revealed oleic acid transfer from cotton to albumin at 27 mole equivalents of oleic acid per mole albumin. Comparing oleic acid formulated wound dressings for dose dependent ability to lower elastase activity, we found cotton gauze > hydrogel > hydrocolloid. In contrast, the cationic serine protease cathepsin G was inhibited by oleic acid within a narrow range of oleic acid-cotton formulations. 2% albumin was sufficient to transfer quantities of oleic acid necessary to achieve a significant elastase-lowering effect. Oleic acid bound to cotton wound dressings may have promise in the selective lowering of cationic serine protease activity useful in topical application for chronic inflammatory pathogenesis. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Cotton Textile Chem Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Natl Secur Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Edwards, JV (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Cotton Textile Chem Res Unit, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM vedwards@srre.ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5173 J9 INT J PHARM JI Int. J. Pharm. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 340 IS 1-2 BP 42 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.03.018 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 202KZ UT WOS:000248901800007 PM 17570626 ER PT J AU Popa, R Weber, PK Pett-Ridge, J Finzi, JA Fallon, SJ Hutcheon, ID Nealson, KH Capone, DG AF Popa, Radu Weber, Peter K. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Finzi, Juliette A. Fallon, Stewart J. Hutcheon, Ian D. Nealson, Kenneth H. Capone, Douglas G. TI Carbon and nitrogen fixation and metabolite exchange in and between individual cells of Anabaena oscillarioides SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cyanobacteria; heterocyst; nitrogen fixation; nitrogenase; Anabaena ID BLUE-GREEN-ALGA; SP STRAIN-CA; CYLINDRICA; CYANOBACTERIUM; HETEROCYSTS; FTSZ; GAS; DIVISION; LOCALIZATION; PROTEIN AB Filamentous nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria are key players in global nutrient cycling, but the relationship between CO2- and N-2-fixation and intercellular exchange of these elements remains poorly understood in many genera. Using high-resolution nanometer-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) in conjunction with enriched (HCO3-)-C-13 and N-15(2) incubations of Anabaena oscillarioides, we imaged the cellular distributions of C, N and P and C-13 and N-15 enrichments at multiple time points during a diurnal cycle as proxies for C and N assimilation. The temporal and spatial distributions of the newly fixed C and N were highly heterogeneous at both the intra- and inter-cellular scale, and indicative of regions performing active assimilation and biosynthesis. Subcellular components such as the neck region of heterocycts, cell division septae and putative cyanophycin granules were clearly identifiable by their elemental composition. Newly fixed nitrogen was rapidly exported from heterocysts and was evenly allocated among vegetative cells, with the exception of the most remote vegetative cells between heterocysts, which were N limited based on lower 15N enrichment. Preexisting functional heterocysts had the lowest levels of 13C and 15N enrichment, while heterocysts that were inferred to have differentiated during the experiment had higher levels of enrichment. This innovative approach, combining stable isotope labeling and NanoSIMS elemental and isotopic imaging, allows characterization of cellular development (division, heterocyst differentiation), changes in individual cell composition and cellular roles in metabolite exchange. C1 Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst, Chem Mat & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA. Portland State Univ, Dept Biol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Capone, DG (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, 3616 Trousdale Pkwy, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM capone@usc.edu RI Fallon, Stewart/G-6645-2011 OI Fallon, Stewart/0000-0002-8064-5903 NR 24 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 3 U2 32 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 1 IS 4 BP 354 EP 360 DI 10.1038/ismej.2007.44 PG 7 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 206XN UT WOS:000249216300010 PM 18043646 ER PT J AU Tang, CC Lynch, PA Cheary, RW Clark, SM AF Tang, C. C. Lynch, P. A. Cheary, R. W. Clark, S. M. TI An in situ method for the study of strain broadening using synchrotron X-ray diffraction SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID 2-CIRCLE POWDER DIFFRACTOMETER; PLASTICALLY DEFORMED-CRYSTALS; COPPER SINGLE-CRYSTALS; NON-CUBIC MATERIALS; DISLOCATION CONTRAST; HEXAGONAL CRYSTALS; PROFILE ANALYSIS; GRAIN-SIZE; POLYCRYSTALS; ARRANGEMENT AB A tensonometer for stretching metal foils has been constructed for the study of strain broadening in X-ray diffraction line profiles. This device, which is designed for use on powder diffractometers and was tested on Station 2.3 at Daresbury Laboratory, allows in situ measurements to be performed on samples under stress. It can be used for data collection in either transmission or reflection modes using either symmetric or asymmetric diffraction geometries. As a test case, measurements were carried out on an 18 mu m-thick copper foil experiencing strain levels of up to 5% using both symmetric reflection and symmetric transmission diffraction. All the diffraction profiles displayed peak broadening and asymmetry which increased with strain. The measured profiles were analysed by the fundamental-parameters approach using the TOPAS peak-fitting software. All the observed broadened profiles were modelled by convoluting a refineable diffraction profile, representing the dislocation and crystallite size broadening, with a fixed instrumental profile predetermined using high-quality LaB6 reference powder. The deconvolution process yielded 'pure' sample integral breadths and asymmetry results which displayed a strong dependence on applied strain and increased almost linearly with applied strain. Assuming crystallite size broadening in combination with dislocation broadening arising from f.c.c. a/2 < 110 >{111} dislocations, the variation of mechanical property with strain has been extracted. The observation of both peak asymmetry and broadening has been interpreted as a manifestation of a cellular structure with cell walls and cell interiors possessing high and low dislocation densities. C1 Diamond Light Source Chilton, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxon, England. CSIRO, Mfg & Mat Technol, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. Univ Technol Sydney, Dept Appl Phys, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Clark, SM (reprint author), Diamond Light Source Chilton, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxon, England. EM smclark@lbl.gov RI Clark, Simon/B-2041-2013 OI Clark, Simon/0000-0002-7488-3438 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 20 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 40 BP 642 EP 649 DI 10.1107/S0021889807016299 PN 4 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 190RU UT WOS:000248077500001 ER PT J AU Mccoy, AJ Grosse-Kunstleve, RW Adams, PD Winn, MD Storoni, LC Read, RJ AF McCoy, Airlie J. Grosse-Kunstleve, Ralf W. Adams, Paul D. Winn, Martyn D. Storoni, Laurent C. Read, Randy J. TI Phaser crystallographic software SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-GRAPHICS PROJECT; FAST TRANSLATION FUNCTIONS; FREQUENCY NORMAL-MODES; HEAVY-ATOM METHOD; MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; ANOMALOUS SCATTERERS; REPLACEMENT; LIKELIHOOD; SEARCH; CCP4 AB Phaser is a program for phasing macromolecular crystal structures by both molecular replacement and experimental phasing methods. The novel phasing algorithms implemented in Phaser have been developed using maximum likelihood and multivariate statistics. For molecular replacement, the new algorithms have proved to be significantly better than traditional methods in discriminating correct solutions from noise, and for single-wavelength anomalous dispersion experimental phasing, the new algorithms, which account for correlations between F+ and F-, give better phases (lower mean phase error with respect to the phases given by the refined structure) than those that use mean F and anomalous differences Delta F. One of the design concepts of Phaser was that it be capable of a high degree of automation. To this end, Phaser (written in C++) can be called directly from Python, although it can also be called using traditional CCP4 keyword-style input. Phaser is a platform for future development of improved phasing methods and their release, including source code, to the crystallographic community. C1 Univ Cambridge, Inst Med Res, Dept Haematol, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. RP Mccoy, AJ (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Inst Med Res, Dept Haematol, Wellcome Trust MRC Bldg,Hills Rd, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England. EM ajm201@cam.ac.uk RI Read, Randy/L-1418-2013; Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Read, Randy/0000-0001-8273-0047; Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [B19543]; NIGMS NIH HHS [P01 GM063210] NR 71 TC 7044 Z9 7068 U1 33 U2 236 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 40 BP 658 EP 674 DI 10.1107/S0021889807021206 PN 4 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 190RU UT WOS:000248077500003 PM 19461840 ER PT J AU Avdeev, M Jorgensen, J Short, S Von Dreele, RB AF Avdeev, Maxim Jorgensen, James Short, Simine Von Dreele, Robert B. TI On the numerical corrections of time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction data SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID RIETVELD REFINEMENT AB Time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction data for NIST Standard Reference Materials have been used to study the adequacy of the peak profile model obtained from a convolution of back-to-back exponentials with a pseudo-Voigt function that is widely used in Rietveld refinement. It is shown that, while the empirical models for d-spacing (wavelength) dependence of Gaussian and Lorentzian components of the pseudo-Voigt function and rise exponent are satisfactory, the behavior of the decay exponent and peak positions demonstrate significant deviations, which can be corrected by numerical methods. The practical side of this process as implemented in GSAS and FULLPROF and the effect of the corrections on the Rietveld analysis results are discussed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, APS IPNS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. RP Von Dreele, RB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, APS IPNS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM vondreele@anl.gov RI Avdeev, Maxim/A-5625-2008 OI Avdeev, Maxim/0000-0003-2366-5809 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 40 BP 710 EP 715 DI 10.1107/S0021889807030014 PN 4 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 190RU UT WOS:000248077500008 ER PT J AU Jeong, IK Hur, N Proffen, T AF Jeong, Il-Kyoung Hur, N. Proffen, Th. TI High-temperature structural evolution of hexagonal multiferroic YMnO3 and YbMnO3 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MEMORY; FILM AB Neutron powder diffraction studies on the structural evolution of hexagonal multiferroic YMnO3 and YbMnO3 from 1000 K to 1400 K, and from 1000 K to 1350 K, respectively, are presented. The temperature evolution of diffraction patterns suggests that YMnO3 undergoes a phase transition to a non-polar structure above 1200 K, while YbMnO3 remains ferroelectric up to 1350 K. Detailed structural parameters were obtained as a function of temperature from Rietveld refinements. Based on this result, the distinct differences in temperature behaviour between YMnO3 and YbMnO3, and the origin of the ferroelectricity in these hexagonal multiferroics are discussed. C1 Pusan Natl Univ, Res Ctr Dielect & Adv Matter Phys, Pusan 609735, South Korea. Inha Univ, Dept Phys, Inchon, South Korea. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jeong, IK (reprint author), Pusan Natl Univ, Res Ctr Dielect & Adv Matter Phys, Pusan 609735, South Korea. EM jeong@pusan.ac.kr RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Hur, Namjung/G-3752-2013; Proffen, Thomas/B-3585-2009 OI Proffen, Thomas/0000-0002-1408-6031 NR 20 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 23 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 40 BP 730 EP 734 DI 10.1107/S0021889807025101 PN 4 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 190RU UT WOS:000248077500012 ER PT J AU Tjioe, E Heller, WT AF Tjioe, Elina Heller, William T. TI ORNL_SAS: software for calculation of small-angle scattering intensities of proteins and protein complexes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MODELS; MACROMOLECULES; SIMULATION; PARTICLES; CRYSTAL; PROGRAM; SYSTEMS; ALPHA AB The program ORNL_SAS calculates solution small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering intensity profiles from a wide variety of structures, including atomic-resolution models of proteins and protein complexes, low-resolution models defined in any manner, or combinations of both. ORNL_SAS is capable of simultaneously generating multiple intensity profiles, such as a contrast-variation series, and evaluating the quality of the fit of the model profiles to experimental data in a single run of the program. The capabilities of the widely applicable approach make it possible to use ORNL_SAS as the intensity calculation engine of model-building applications for small-angle scattering data. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Struct Mol Biol & Chem Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee Knoxville, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Heller, WT (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Struct Mol Biol & Chem Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hellerwt@ornl.gov NR 31 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 14 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 40 BP 782 EP 785 DI 10.1107/S002188980702420X PN 4 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 190RU UT WOS:000248077500021 ER PT J AU Akasheh, F Zbib, HM Hirth, JP Hoagland, RG Misra, A AF Akasheh, F. Zbib, H. M. Hirth, J. P. Hoagland, R. G. Misra, A. TI Interactions between glide dislocations and parallel interfacial dislocations in nanoscale strained layers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NANOLAYERED METALLIC COMPOSITES; MISFIT DISLOCATION; THIN-FILMS; THREADING DISLOCATIONS; MULTILAYER STRUCTURES; EPITAXIAL LAYER; SURFACE STEPS; MECHANISMS; DEFORMATION; STABILITY AB Plastic deformation in nanoscale multilayered structures is thought to proceed by the successive propagation of single dislocation loops at the interfaces. Based on this view, we simulate the effect of predeposited interfacial dislocation on the stress (channeling stress) needed to propagate a new loop parallel to existing loops. Single interfacial dislocations as well as finite parallel arrays are considered in the computation. When the gliding dislocation and the predeposited interfacial array have collinear Burgers vectors, the channeling stress increases monotonically as the density of dislocations in the array increases. In the case when their Burgers vectors are inclined at 600, a regime of perfect plasticity is observed which can be traced back to an instability in the flow stress arising from the interaction between the glide dislocation and a single interfacial dislocation dipole. This interaction leads to a tendency for dislocations of alternating Burgers vectors to propagate during deformation leading to nonuniform arrays. Inclusion of these parallel interactions in the analysis improves the strength predictions as compared with the measured strength of a Cu-Ni multilayered system in the regime where isolated glide dislocation motion controls flow, but does not help to explain the observed strength saturation when the individual layer thickness is in the few nanometer range. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Akasheh, F (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM fakasheh@mail.wsu.edu RI Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012; Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012 NR 38 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 034314 DI 10.1063/1.2757082 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600091 ER PT J AU Antipov, S Spentzouris, L Liu, W Gai, W Power, JG AF Antipov, S. Spentzouris, L. Liu, W. Gai, W. Power, J. G. TI Wakefield generation in meta material-loaded waveguides SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WAKE-FIELD; DIELECTRIC MEDIUM; RADIATION; CERENKOV; INDEX; MEDIA AB Metarnaterials (MTMs) are artificial structures made of periodic elements and are designed to obtain specific electromagnetic properties. As long as the periodicity and the size of the elements are much smaller than the wavelength of interest, an artificial structure can be assigned a permittivity and permeability, just like natural materials. Metarnaterials can be customized to have the permittivity and permeability desired for a particular application. When the permittivity and permeability are made simultaneously negative in some frequency range, the metarnaterial is called double-negative or left-handed and has some unusual properties. For example, Cherenkov radiation (CR) in a left-handed metarnaterial is backward; radiated energy propagates in the opposite direction to particle velocity. This property can be used to improve the design of particle detectors. Waveguides loaded with metarnaterials are of interest because the metarnaterials can change the dispersion relation of the waveguide significantly. Slow backward waves, for example, can be produced in a MTM-loaded waveguide without corrugations. In this paper we present theoretical studies of waveguides loaded with an anisotropic and dispersive medium(metamaterial). The dispersion relation of a MTM-loaded waveguide has several interesting frequency bands which are described. We present a universal method to simulate wakefield (CR) generation in a waveguide loaded with a dispersive and anisotropic medium. This method allows simulation of different waveguide cross sections, any transverse beam distribution, and any physical dispersion, of the medium. The method is benchmarked against simple cases, which can be theoretically calculated. Results show excellent agreement. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Antipov, S (reprint author), IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM antipov@anl.gov NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 034906 DI 10.1063/1.2767640 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600115 ER PT J AU Bolme, CA McGrane, SD Moore, DS Funk, DJ AF Bolme, C. A. McGrane, S. D. Moore, D. S. Funk, D. J. TI Single shot measurements of laser driven shock waves using ultrafast dynamic ellipsometry SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; LITHIUM-FLUORIDE CRYSTALS; SPECTRAL INTERFEROMETRY; PHASE-TRANSITION; THIN-FILMS; TIME; AMPLITUDE; PULSES; COMPRESSION; VELOCITIES AB Ultrafast dynamic ellipsometry, a diagnostic that measures both the shock-induced optical effects and the motion of shocked materials, has been implemented in a single shot form. This is accomplished using chirped pulse interferometry and probing the sample at two angles with both sand p-polarized light. The application of single shot ultrafast dynamic ellipsometry should prove important in future studies of shocked transparent materials and metals because it allows concurrent determination of the initial and shocked optical constants, shock and particle velocities, and the picosecond time dependence of these properties with a higher signal-to-noise ratio and less stringent sample requirements than multishot methods. The ability to infer both the initial and shocked refractive indices of the material eliminates the need for performing extra experiments to calibrate the window, greatly simplifying the analysis and making each shot a self-contained experiment. The implementation of this diagnostic is described, and its utility is demonstrated on a shocked thin film of polycarbonate. Analysis of the data employs a multilayer thin film model to calculate the reflectance as a function of the time-dependent layer thicknesses and optical properties. Hugoniot data for the thin film polycarbonate is presented along with the effect of shock compression on the refractive index, which is consistent with the Gladstone-Dale relation. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bolme, CA (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM cbolme@lanl.gov RI Moore, David/C-8692-2013; OI Mcgrane, Shawn/0000-0002-2978-3980; Bolme, Cynthia/0000-0002-1880-271X NR 33 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 033513 DI 10.1063/1.2767376 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600030 ER PT J AU Buttner, M Wang, HJ Dongare, AM Shiflet, GJ Reinke, P Oelhafen, P Mun, BS Gu, XJ Poon, SJ AF Buettner, M. Wang, H.-J. Dongare, A. M. Shiflet, G. J. Reinke, P. Oelhafen, P. Mun, B. S. Gu, X. J. Poon, S. J. TI Photoemission study of ternary to penternary Fe-based metallic glasses: Chemical analysis of surface and bulk SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY PHOTOEMISSION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; THIN-FILMS; BORON; ALLOYS; SPECTRA; CRYSTALLINE; STABILITY; OXYGEN AB Bulk metallic glasses consisting of Fe, Mo, Cr, C, B, and Er have been investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, aimed to elucidate the local atomic structure of the amorphous phase. In order to examine the electronic properties of this class of material, photon energy dependent measurements in combination with argon-ion irradiation were employed to identify and separate surface and bulk contributions to the spectra. The core levels suggest the presence of a carbon-rich surface layer with oxidized boron and metals, and metal carbides and borides in the bulk. Exposure to molecular oxygen and annealing experiments probe the chemical reactivity of the material. Formation of boron oxides at comparably low temperatures (300 degrees C) might have consequences for the stability of the amorphous phase. We observe variations in binding energy of the Fe 3p core level with respect to the alloy composition, which indicate changes in the chemical state of iron. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Buttner, M (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 395 McCormick Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM mb2sw@virginia.edu RI Buttner, Michael/A-2958-2008; Dongare, Avinash/A-3470-2009; Mun, Bongjin /G-1701-2013; OI Buttner, Michael/0000-0002-8351-6015; Dongare, Avinash/0000-0003-3189-3588 NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 033501 DI 10.1063/1.2764047 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600018 ER PT J AU Chandra, H Potter, BG Jamison, GM Thomes, WJ AF Chandra, H. Potter, B. G., Jr. Jamison, G. M. Thomes, W. J., Jr. TI Vacuum-ultraviolet spectroscopy measurement of poly(methylphenylsilylene) photosensitivity SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; POLYSILANES; PHOTOELECTRON AB Photoinduced optical absorption changes in the vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) spectral range have been measured in poly(methylphenylsilylene) thin films under varied excitation photon energies and local atmospheric environments. Spectral changes in resonances associated with both the linear chain Si-Si backbone and the side groups of the hybrid structure are consistent with the photodisruption of backbone topology. These effects are more pronounced under a higher energy photon exposure (5.10 eV) resonant with the fundamental pi-pi* transition of the phenyl moiety. An aerobic environment also favors more dramatic bleaching of VUV absorption in these materials. Finally, the present study enables a Kramers-Kronig analysis of absorption change from the visible to the VUV. These results do not adequately describe the photoinduced refractive index changes measured at 632.8 nm via ellipsometry, indicating the presence of other contributions to the index modifications observed. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Chandra, H (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM haripinc@email.arizona.edu NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 033110 DI 10.1063/1.2761843 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600010 ER PT J AU Fleming, I Fulton, CC Lucovsky, G Rowe, JE Ulrich, MD Luning, J AF Fleming, I. Fulton, C. C. Lucovsky, G. Rowe, J. E. Ulrich, M. D. Luening, J. TI Local bonding analysis of the valence and conduction band features of TiO2 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 110 SURFACES; PHOTOEMISSION; TRANSITION; OXIDES; STATES; SPECTROSCOPY; RUTILE AB An analysis of the valence and conduction band electronic structure of TiO2 as studied by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) and x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) using synchrotron radiation is reported. Valence band spectra from UPS have been deconvolved using a five-peak model. The spectra are interpreted based on the peak assignments to the XAS data and the symmetries of the valence band states. The interpretation is consistent with theoretical calculations of molecular orbitals found in the literature. The removal of the d-state degeneracies that arise from a collective Jahn-Teller splitting of the crystal field Split t(2g) and e(g) states is observed and scales with the conduction band results from the absorption data. These Jahn-Teller derived energy separations are present in the O K-1, and Ti L-3 spectra but are not resolved in the photoemission valence band spectra. Two defect states are clearly observed similar to 0.7 and 2.0 eV above the valence band edge and are attributed to the presence of oxygen atom vacancies that are described in terms of Ti3+ states. (c) 2007 2007. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Div Phys, Army Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Fleming, I (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM lbflemin@unity.nesu.edu NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 27 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 033707 DI 10.1063/1.2764004 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600045 ER PT J AU Kazakevich, GM Pavlov, VM Kuznetsov, GI Jeong, YU Park, SH Lee, BC AF Kazakevich, Grigory M. Pavlov, Viatcheslav M. Kuznetsov, Gennady I. Jeong, Young Uk Park, Seong Hee Lee, Byung Cheol TI Internal injection for a microtron driving a terahertz free electron laser SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETRON-BASED MICROTRON; FIR FEL; DRIVEN AB A terahertz free electron laser (FEL) driven by a high-current classical S-band 12-orbit microtron with internal injection and a magnetron-based radio frequency system has been developed. The laboratory-size, inexpensive facility is widely tunable in the terahertz range. This makes it attractive for application in research laboratories and universities. Stability and reliability in operation of such microtron-based FEL is determined generally by the microtron injection system. Operation of the injection system employing a thermionic cathode has been analyzed. The analysis was performed using two-dimensional tracking simulations in which we considered bombardment of the cathode emitting surface with the back-streaming electrons. The analysis showed that the bombardment causes pulse overheating of the emitting surface and, as a result, an increase of beam loading of the accelerating cavity during the macropulse. The phenomenon affects the intrapulse stability of the accelerated current and the FEL operation. The analysis and measurements show how to optimize the microtron operation minimizing affects of the back-streaming electrons. The developed injection system based on LaB6 thermionic cathode provides operation of the widely tunable terabertz FEL in the ordinary regime with radiated macropulse power of 40-50 W at the pulse duration of 2-4 mu s. The standard deviation of the lasing macropulse energy is less; than 10% for long-time operation. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon 305600, South Korea. RP Kazakevich, GM (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM gkazakevitch@yahoo.com NR 12 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 034507 DI 10.1063/1.2767250 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600099 ER PT J AU Mewes, T Mewes, CKA Nazaretski, E Kim, J Fong, KC Obukhov, Y Pelekhov, DV Wigen, PE Hammel, PC AF Mewes, T. Mewes, C. K. A. Nazaretski, E. Kim, J. Fong, K. C. Obukhov, Y. Pelekhov, D. V. Wigen, P. E. Hammel, P. C. TI Detection of higher order modulation harmonics in magnetic resonance force microscopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LINES AB Magnetic resonance force microscopy measurements of the electron spin resonance of a thin film of 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl were performed using a low doped silicon cantilever with a high coercivity SmCo particle glued to its end. The low doping level enables amplitude modulation of the microwave field with only small spurious driving of the cantilever. Besides amplitude modulation we use frequency modulation of the microwave field at integer fractions of the cantilever resonance frequency leading to derivative signals up to the fourth derivative of the amplitude modulation response signal. The influence of the modulation depth on the line shape of the first derivative response is also presented. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Mewes, T (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Box 870209, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM tmewes@ua.edu RI Mewes, Tim/B-4796-2009; Hammel, P Chris/O-4845-2014 OI Mewes, Tim/0000-0001-6166-9427; Hammel, P Chris/0000-0002-4138-4798 NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 033911 DI 10.1063/1.2761779 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600061 ER PT J AU Mihajlovic, G Xiong, P von Molnar, S Field, M Sullivan, GJ AF Mihajlovic, Goran Xiong, Peng von Molnar, Stephan Field, Mark Sullivan, Gerard J. TI InAs quantum well Hall devices for room-temperature detection of single magnetic biomolecular labels SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LOW-FREQUENCY NOISE; GIANT MAGNETORESISTIVE SENSORS; SPIN-VALVE SENSORS; BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS; THERMAL AGITATION; MAGNETOMETRY; NANOPARTICLE; CONDUCTORS; BIOSENSOR; REGIME AB Hall sensors with cross width of similar to 1 mu m were fabricated from InAs/AlSb quantum well semiconductor heterostructures containing two-dimensional electron gas. The room-temperature device characteristics were examined by Hall effect and electronic noise measurements along with analytical calculations. In the low-frequency range, from 20 Hz to 1.6 kHz, the noise-equivalent magnetic field resolution was found to be limited by I If and generation-recombination noise from 22 to 3.5 mu T / root Hz. The corresponding noise-equivalent magnetic moment resolution reached 10(6)mu(B)/ root Hz at similar to 700 Hz and was even lower at higher frequencies. Using a phase-sensitive measurement technique, detection of a single 1.2 mu m diameter bead, suitable for biological applications, was achieved with a signal to noise ratio of similar to 33.3 dB, as well as detection of six 250 nm beads with a signal to noise of similar to 2.3 dB per bead. The work demonstrates the efficacy of InAs quantum well Hall devices for application in high sensitivity detection of single magnetic biomolecular labels. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Florida State Univ, MARTECH, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Teledyne Sci Co LLC, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA. RP Mihajlovic, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mihajlovic@an1.gov NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 034506 DI 10.1063/1.2767385 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600098 ER PT J AU Teeter, G AF Teeter, Glenn TI X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy measurements of Cu-doped CdTe(111)-B: Observation of temperature-reversible Cu(x)Te precipitation and effect on ionization potential SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CDTE/CDS SOLAR-CELLS; BACK-CONTACT FORMATION; THIN-FILMS; CADMIUM TELLURIDE; P-CDTE; DIFFUSION; SURFACE; INTERFACE; STABILITY; THICKNESS AB Temperature-programmed x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (TP-XPS) and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) measurements of CdTe(111)-B are used to probe changes to the surface electronic structure that accompany heavy Cu dopant levels and Cu(x)Te precipitation. UPS measurements reveal that the ionization potential of the heavily Cu-doped substrate is only slightly smaller than that of the undoped material. Also, temperature-reversible Cu(x)Te precipitation is observed, which lowers the ionization potential of the surface from 5.7 eV to 4.8 eV. These results suggest that interfacial Cu(x)Te precipitation might play a key role in ohmic-contact formation in CdTe-based photovoltaic devices. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Teeter, G (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd,Mail Stop 3218, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM glenn_teeter@nrel.gov NR 54 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 034504 DI 10.1063/1.2759876 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600096 ER PT J AU Terronesa, G AF Terronesa, Guillermo TI Elastic stability and the onset of plastic flow in accelerated solid plates SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; HEAVY-ION; SIMULATIONS; PRESSURE; GROWTH; SHELLS; MATTER AB For accelerated incompressible, ideal elastoplastic plates of finite thickness with a preformed sinusoidal perturbation at the interface, we investigate the stability behavior encompassing neutral and most-unstable modes, stable oscillatory modes, and the onset of plastic flow. We show that the largest perturbation wavelength that can maximize the growth rate corresponds to a finite thickness plate. For elastically stable configurations, stress gradients that arise as a result of the interfacial disturbance can lead to the formation of counter-rotating particle displacement trajectories that tessellate the extent of the plate. By computing the spatiotemporal evolution of the stress tensor, we are able to construct the boundaries that demarcate the transition from elastically stable oscillatory modes to the onset of plastic flow based on the von Mises yield criterion. Earlier estimates of these boundaries for thick plates differ qualitatively and quantitatively from the present results, in which the common simplifying assumptions of thin-plate theory were not invoked. We show that multimodal solutions are necessary to accurately represent the actual oscillatory behavior of the stress tensor, which in general is not time periodic, that thin-plate bimodal solutions are unable to capture. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Strateg Comp Div, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Terronesa, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Strateg Comp Div, Div Appl Phys, MS T086, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM terrones@lanl.gov OI Terrones, Guillermo/0000-0001-8245-5022 NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 034908 DI 10.1063/1.2764208 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600117 ER PT J AU Trichy, GR Chakraborti, D Narayan, J Zhou, H AF Trichy, G. R. Chakraborti, D. Narayan, J. Zhou, H. TI Growth, characterization, and magnetic properties of FePt nanodots on Si (100) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; NANOPARTICLES; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE; COPT AB We report on the pulsed laser deposition of epitaxial FePt nanodots onto Si (100) substrates using TiN as a template buffer. X-ray diffraction studies show that the FePt nanodots are primarily oriented along the [001] direction and show L1(0) ordering with order parameter (S) equal to 0.75. The composition of the nanodots was determined by Rutherford backscattering and was found to be Fe41Pt59, Cross sectional transmission electron microscopy revealed the following epitaxial relationship: FePt (001) 001 parallel to TiN (100) 001)parallel to Si (100) 001 parallel to. Plan view transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the FePt nanodots are well separated and have an average size of IS nm. Selected area electron diffraction patterns along the 110 and 001 zone axes were analyzed to study the L1(0) order in the FePt nanodots. Room temperature magnetic hysteresis measurements showed that the islands are predominantly magnetized in the perpendicular direction with higher coercivity (H-c(perpendicular to)=3200 Oe) as compared to the parallel direction (H-c(parallel to)=1000 Oe). These values of coercivity at room temperature are highly desirable for information storage applications. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Trichy, GR (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Room 3030, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM trgopina@ncsu.edu RI Narayan, Jagdish/D-1874-2009 NR 22 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 033901 DI 10.1063/1.2761832 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600051 ER PT J AU Wong-Ng, W Vaudin, MD Otani, M Lowhorn, ND Hu, YF Li, Q He, B AF Wong-Ng, W. Vaudin, M. D. Otani, M. Lowhorn, N. D. Hu, Y. F. Li, Q. He, B. TI Texture and phase analysis of a Ca3CO4O9/Si (100) thermoelectric film SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION; CA3CO2O6 AB This paper reports the texture analysis as well as them identification of two crystalline phases between a thin film of monoclinic Ca3Co4O9 and a cubic (100) Si substrate, using a diffractometer equipped with a two-dimensional area detector. No reflections other than 00l were observed in the symmetric configuration using an x-ray powder diffraction scan (Bragg-Brentano geometry). Pole figures collected for six reflections using asymmetric configurations did not show ab-plane epitaxial relationships between the film and the substrate. These results establish the Ca3Co4O9 fiber texture of the film with the (001) pole parallel to the surface normal. Single-crystal-like second phases, CaCoSi2O6 and CoO, presumably the interface reaction products of Ca3Co4O9 with the substrate Si, were identified. The near four-fold symmetry and the similar intensity displayed by the 220 reflection from the CaCoSi2O6 structure indicated an epitaxial relation between CaCoSi2O6 and Si, with four symmetry-induced variants being generated with approximately equal volume fractions. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Bruker AXS Inc, Madison, WI 53711 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wong-Ng, W (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM winnie.wong-rg@nist.gov NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 AR 033520 DI 10.1063/1.2767613 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 207GW UT WOS:000249240600037 ER PT J AU Mukhopadhyay, A Redding, AM Joachimiak, MP Arkin, AP Borglin, SE Dehal, PS Chakraborty, R Geller, JT Hazen, TC He, Q Joyner, DC Martin, VJJ Wall, JD Yang, ZK Zhou, J Keasling, JD AF Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila Redding, Alyssa M. Joachimiak, Marcin P. Arkin, Adam P. Borglin, Sharon E. Dehal, Paramvir S. Chakraborty, Romy Geller, Jil T. Hazen, Terry C. He, Qiang Joyner, Dominique C. Martin, Vincent J. J. Wall, Judy D. Yang, Zamin Koo Zhou, Jizhong Keasling, Jay D. TI Cell-wide responses to low-oxygen exposure in Desulfovibrio vulgatis Hildenborough SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; OXIDATIVE STRESS PROTECTION; CYTOCHROME BD OXIDASE; VULGARIS HILDENBOROUGH; SUPEROXIDE REDUCTASE; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS; TRANSCRIPTOMIC ANALYSIS; STREPTOCOCCUS-PYOGENES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI AB The responses of the anaerobic, sulfate-reducing organism Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough to low-oxygen exposure (0.1% O-2) were monitored via transcriptomics and proteomics. Exposure to 0.1% O-2 caused a decrease in the growth rate without affecting viability. Concerted upregulation of the predicted peroxide stress response regulon (PerR) genes was observed in response to the 0.1% O-2 exposure. Several of the candidates also showed increases in protein abundance. Among the remaining small number of transcript changes was the upregulation of the predicted transmembrane tetraheme cytochrome c(3) complex. Other known oxidative stress response candidates remained unchanged during the low-O-2 exposure. To fully understand the results of the 0.1% O-2 exposure, transcriptomics and proteomics data were collected for exposure to air using a similar experimental protocol. In contrast to the 0.1% O-2 exposure, air exposure was detrimental to both the growth rate and viability and caused dramatic changes at both the transcriptome and proteome levels. Interestingly, the transcripts of the predicted PerR regulon genes were downregulated during air exposure. Our results highlight the differences in the cell-wide responses to low and high O-2 levels in D. vulgaris and suggest that while exposure to air is highly detrimental to D. vulgaris, this bacterium can successfully cope with periodic exposure to low O-2 levels in its environment. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Virtual Inst Microbial Stress & Survival, Berkeley, CA USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Columbia, MO USA. Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Berkeley Ctr Synth Biol, 717 Potter St, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM keasling@berkeley.edu RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; He, Qiang/G-9061-2011; Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Chakraborty, Romy/D-9230-2015; Borglin, Sharon/I-1013-2016; Hazen, Terry/C-1076-2012 OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; He, Qiang/0000-0002-7155-6474; Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Chakraborty, Romy/0000-0001-9326-554X; Hazen, Terry/0000-0002-2536-9993 NR 59 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 189 IS 16 BP 5996 EP 6010 DI 10.1128/JB.00368-07 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 197VO UT WOS:000248584800023 PM 17545284 ER PT J AU Zhao, HB Holladay, JE Kwak, JH Zhang, ZC AF Zhao, Haibo Holladay, Johnathan E. Kwak, Ja Hun Zhang, Z. Conrad TI A new route to improved glucose yields in cellulose hydrolysis SO JOURNAL OF BIOBASED MATERIALS AND BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE cellulose; trifluoroacetic acid; TFA; crystallinity; decrystallization; glucose; hydrolysis; amorphous; XRD; FTIR ID TRIFLUOROACETIC-ACID; SUBSTITUTED CELLULOSE; CELL-WALL; NMR; CRYSTALLINITY; FIBER AB Cellulose decrystallization was nearly complete at 0 degrees C in less than 2 hours. TFA used for cellulose decrystallization was recycled via a vacuum process. The residual TFA in cellulose was diluted by adding water to form a 0.5% TFA solution and used as a catalyst for hydrolysis. The glucose yield reached 63% in 30 minutes at 175 degrees C in a batch reactor. This yield was four times higher than that from the hydrolysis of untreated cellulose using 0.5% H2SO4 under identical conditions. Alternatively, the residual TFA can be completely removed by washing with water leaving the regenerated cellulose in a highly amorphous state. Regenerated amorphous cellulose is much more reactive than untreated cellulose in hydrolysis reactions. C1 [Zhao, Haibo; Holladay, Johnathan E.; Kwak, Ja Hun; Zhang, Z. Conrad] Inst Interfacial Catalys, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, ZC (reprint author), Inst Interfacial Catalys, Pacific NW Natl Lab, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Kwak, Ja Hun/J-4894-2014 NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1556-6560 J9 J BIOBASED MATER BIO JI J. Biobased Mater. Bioenergy PD AUG PY 2007 VL 1 IS 2 BP 210 EP 214 DI 10.1166/jbmb.2007.024 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 265DS UT WOS:000253339900004 ER PT J AU Li, H Khor, KA Chow, V Cheang, P AF Li, H. Khor, Khiam Aik Chow, V. Cheang, P. TI Nanostructural characteristics, mechanical properties, and osteoblast response of spark plasma sintered hydroxyapatite SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A LA English DT Article DE hydroxyapatite; spark plasma sintering; nanostructures; Young's modulus; fracture toughness; osteoblast cell ID IN-VIVO; CERAMIC COATINGS; PHOSPHATE; BONE; BEHAVIOR; ALUMINA; TEMPERATURE; IMPLANTS; ADHESION; YOUNGS AB This study aimed to fabricate bulk nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) pellets with improved properties using spark plasma sintering (SPS) for orthopedic applications. Spray-dried nanostructured HA (nSD-HA) powders were consolidated using the rapid SPS processing. The SPS processed nSD-HA was characterized using Raman spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Mechanical properties of the consolidates were also evaluated through indentation approach. The nanostructures (-80 nm in grain size) of the starting powders were successfully retained after the SPS processing operated at 950 degrees C with < 15 min holding time. The SPS consolidated nSD-HA showed promising mechanical properties, similar to 118 GPa for Young's modulus, and up to 2.22 MPa m 0.5 for fracture toughness. SPS holding time showed minor influence on the phases of the pellets. Furthermore, the spheroidized nanostructured HA retained the HA structure after the SPS consolidation. Preliminary cytotoxicity and cell attachment studies were also carried out using a human osteoblast cell line hFOB 1.19. Enhanced cell attachment and proliferation on the nanostructured pellets were revealed. The presence of the nanostructures accounts mainly for the enhanced mechanical properties and promoted proliferation of the osteoblast cells. This study suggests that the SPS technique is an appropriate process for fabrication of bulk nSD-HA from nanostructured powder. (c) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Khor, Khiam Aik] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Khor, Khiam Aik] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Chem & Biomed Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Li, H (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore. EM hli1@bnl.gov RI Khor, Khiam Aik (Michael)/B-6929-2009; Khor, Khiam Aik/G-2827-2010; OI KHOR, Khiam/0000-0003-1954-8423 NR 33 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1549-3296 EI 1552-4965 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES A JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A PD AUG PY 2007 VL 82A IS 2 BP 296 EP 303 DI 10.1002/jbm.a.31143 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 187GW UT WOS:000247836600005 PM 17274029 ER PT J AU Dellinger, JG Cesarano, J Jamison, RD AF Dellinger, Jennifer G. Cesarano, Joseph, III Jamison, Russell D. TI Robotic deposition of model hydroxyapatite scaffolds with multiple architectures and multiscale porosity for bone tissue engineering SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A LA English DT Article DE bone graft; bone tissue engineering; hydroxyapatite; solid free form fabrication; scaffold ID POROUS HYDROXYAPATITE; MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2; PERIODIC STRUCTURES; CANCELLOUS BONE; PORE-SIZE; IN-VIVO; CERAMICS; IMPLANTS; BEHAVIOR; INGROWTH AB Model hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds with porosities spanning multiple length scales were fabricated by robocasting, a solid freeform fabrication technique based on the robotic deposition of colloidal pastes. Scaffolds of various architectures including periodic, radial, and superlattice structures were constructed. Macropores (100-600 mu m) were designed by controlling the arrangement and spacing between rods of HA. Micropores (1-30 mu m) and submicron pores (less than 1 mu m) were produced within the rods by including polymer microsphere porogens in the HA pastes and by controlling the sintering of the scaffolds. These model scaffolds may be used to systernatically study the effects of scaffold porosity on bone ingrowth processes both in vitro and in vivo. (c) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Sch Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Jamison, RD (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Sch Engn, 601 W Main St, PO Box 843068, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM rjamison@vcu.edu NR 67 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 3 U2 29 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1549-3296 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES A JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A PD AUG PY 2007 VL 82A IS 2 BP 383 EP 394 DI 10.1002/jbm.a.31072 PG 12 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 187GW UT WOS:000247836600014 PM 17295231 ER PT J AU Zhou, J Huang, M Niu, X Soboyejo, WO AF Zhou, J. Huang, M. Niu, X. Soboyejo, W. O. TI Substrate creep on the fatigue life of a model dental multilayer structure SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Hertzian contact; dental materials; adhesive resin; polycarbonate; creep; fatigue; slow crack growth ID Y-TZP; BRITTLE COATINGS; CONTACT DAMAGE; CERAMICS; STRENGTH; DEFORMATION; RELIABILITY; PERFORMANCE; CRACKING; FAILURE AB In this article, we investigated the effects of substrate creep on the fatigue life of a model dental multilayer structure, in which a top glass layer was bonded to a polycarbonate substrate through a dental adhesive. The top glass layers were ground using 120 or 600 grit sand papers before bonding to create different subsurface crack sizes and morphologies. The multilayer structures were tested under cyclic Hertzian contact loading to study crack growth and obtain fatigue life curves. The experiment results showed that the fatigue lives of the multilayer structures were impaired by increasing crack sizes in the subsurfaces. They were also significantly reduced by the substrate creep when tested at relatively low load levels, i.e. P-m < 60 N (P-m is the maximum magnitude of cyclic load). But at relatively high load levels, i.e. P-m > 65 N,slow crack growth was the major failure mechanism. A modeling study was then carried out to explore the possible failure mechanisms over a range of load levels. It is found that fatigue life at relatively low load levels can be better estimated by considering the substrate creep effect. (C) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Inst Sci & Technol Mat, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Zhou, J (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Inst Sci & Technol Mat, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM zhou5@llnl.gov RI Niu, Xinrui/G-6543-2011; Huang, Min/B-9269-2008 OI NIU, Xinrui/0000-0001-9965-4423; Huang, Min/0000-0002-1282-1573 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [P01 DE10956] NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1552-4973 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES B JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 82B IS 2 BP 374 EP 382 DI 10.1002/jbm.b.30742 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 192II UT WOS:000248194100012 PM 17245742 ER PT J AU Shekhter, RI Gorelik, LY Jonson, M Galperin, YM Vinokur, VM AF Shekhter, R. I. Gorelik, L. Y. Jonson, M. Galperin, Y. M. Vinokur, V. M. TI Nanomechanical shuttle transfer of electrons SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND THEORETICAL NANOSCIENCE LA English DT Review DE nanoelectromechanics; single electronics; electron shuttling; noise; quantum transport ID COULOMB-BLOCKADE NANOSTRUCTURES; BARRIER TUNNELING STRUCTURES; SUSPENDED CARBON NANOTUBES; PARITY-INDUCED SUPPRESSION; SINGLE-COOPER-PAIR; COUNTING STATISTICS; QUANTUM SHUTTLE; SHOT-NOISE; ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS; DISPLACEMENT CURRENT AB Small metal particles embedded in a material subject to an external electric field can contribute to the conductance by mechanically transporting charge. This was already demonstrated in Millikan's pioneering experiment that proved that charge is quantized. While the effect of charge quantization can be pronounced for submicron conducting particles and lead to Coulomb blockade of W tunnelling, the nanomechanical aspect of single-electron tunnelling becomes prominent only in 5 nanometer-size self-assembled structures. The coupling between mechanical deformations and LU electronic charge transport in composite materials with nanoscale components gives rise to a new class of phenomena-nanoelectromechanical transport-and opens up a new route in nanotechnology. The interplay between the electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom is especially important in nanocomposites consisting of materials with very different elastic properties. A typical system of this kind is a single-electron transistor (SET) with cleformable tunnel barriers, a so called Nano-Electro-Mechanic.al SET (NEM-SET). The new kind of electron transport in this and other types of nanodevices is referred to as "shuttle transport" of electrons, which implies that electrons is transferred between metallic leads via a movable small-sized cluster. The present review is devoted to the fundamental aspects of shuttle transport and to a description of major developments in the theoretical and experimental research in the field. Prospective applications of this exciting phenomenon that remarkably combines traditional mechanics of materials with the most advanced effects of quantum physics, will also be touched upon. C1 Gothenburg Univ, Dept Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Chalmers, Dept Appl Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shekhter, RI (reprint author), Gothenburg Univ, Dept Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RI Galperin, Yuri/A-1851-2008; Jonson, Mats/D-6545-2011 OI Galperin, Yuri/0000-0001-7281-9902; NR 151 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1546-1955 EI 1546-1963 J9 J COMPUT THEOR NANOS JI J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 4 IS 5 BP 860 EP 895 PG 36 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 215QI UT WOS:000249823700004 ER PT J AU Weaver, ML Qiu, SR Hoyer, JR Casey, WH Nancollas, GH De Yoreo, JJ AF Weaver, Matthew L. Qiu, S. Roger Hoyer, John R. Casey, William H. Nancollas, George H. De Yoreo, James J. TI Inhibition of calcium oxalate monohydrate growth by citrate and the effect of the background electrolyte SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE atomic force microscopy; biocrystallization; impurities; surface processes; growth from solutions; calcium compounds ID HYPERACTIVE ANTIFREEZE PROTEIN; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; CRYSTALLIZATION; PYROPHOSPHATE; AGGREGATION; DISSOLUTION; MODULATION; MICROSCOPY; EXISTENCE; UROPONTIN AB Pathological mineralization is a common phenomenon in broad range of plants and animals. In humans, kidney stone formation is a well-known example that afflicts approximately 10% of the population. Of the various calcium salt phases that comprise human kidney stones, the primary component is calcium oxalate monohydrate (CONI). Citrate, a naturally occurring molecule in the urinary system and a common therapeutic agent for treating stone disease, is a known inhibitor of COM. Understanding the physical mechanisms of citrate inhibition requires quantification of the effects of both background electrolytes and citrate on COM step kinetics. Here we report the results of an in situ AFM study of these effects, in which we measure the effect of the electrolytes LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, and CsCl, and the dependence of step speed on citrate concentration for a range of COM supersaturations. We find that varying the background electrolyte results in significant differences in the measured step speeds and in step morphology, with KCl clearly producing the smallest impact and NaCl the largest. The kinetic coefficient for the former is nearly three times larger than for the latter, while the steps change from smooth to highly serrated when KCl is changed to NaCl. The results on the dependence of step speed on citrate concentration show that citrate produces a dead zone whose width increases with citrate concentration as well as a continual reduction in kinetic coefficient with increasing citrate level. We relate these results to a molecular-scale view of inhibition that invokes a combination of kink blocking and step pinning. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the classic step-pinning model of Cabrera and Vermilyea (C-V model) does an excellent job of predicting the effect of citrate on COM step kinetics provided the model is reformulated to more realistically account for impurity adsorption, include an expression for the Gibbs-Thomson effect that is correct for all supersaturations, and take into account a reduction in kinetic coefficient through kink blocking. The detailed derivation of this reformulated C-V model is presented and the underlying materials parameters that control its impact are examined. Despite the fact that the basic C-V model was proposed nearly 50 years ago and has seen extensive theoretical treatment, this study represents the first quantitative and molecular scale experimental confirmation for any crystal system. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP De Yoreo, JJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM deyoreol@llnl.gov NR 47 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 4 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 306 IS 1 BP 135 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2007.04.053 PG 11 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 203GM UT WOS:000248963100022 ER PT J AU Silling, SA Epton, M Weckner, O Xu, J Askari, E AF Silling, S. A. Epton, M. Weckner, O. Xu, J. Askari, E. TI Peridynamic states and constitutive modeling SO JOURNAL OF ELASTICITY LA English DT Article DE peridynamic; material model; constitutive model; nonlocal elasticity; fracture; plastic flow ID LONG-RANGE FORCES; MECHANICS; BAR AB A generalization of the original peridynamic framework for solid mechanics is proposed. This generalization permits the response of a material at a point to depend collectively on the deformation of all bonds connected to the point. This extends the types of material response that can be reproduced by peridynamic theory to include an explicit dependence on such collectively determined quantities as volume change or shear angle. To accomplish this generalization, a mathematical object called a deformation state is defined, a function that maps any bond onto its image under the deformation. A similar object called a force state is defined, which contains the forces within bonds of all lengths and orientation. The relation between the deformation state and force state is the constitutive model for the material. In addition to providing a more general capability for reproducing material response, the new framework provides a means to incorporate a constitutive model from the conventional theory of solid mechanics directly into a peridynamic model. It also allows the condition of plastic incompressibility to be enforced in a peridynamic material model for permanent deformation analogous to conventional plasticity theory. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Multiscale Dynam Mat Modeling Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Boeing Co, Math Grp, Washington, DC USA. RP Silling, SA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Multiscale Dynam Mat Modeling Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM sasilli@sandia.gov NR 20 TC 216 Z9 227 U1 11 U2 54 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0374-3535 J9 J ELASTICITY JI J. Elast. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 88 IS 2 BP 151 EP 184 DI 10.1007/s10659-007-9125-1 PG 34 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 201BK UT WOS:000248806300004 ER PT J AU Mandal, KC Kang, SH Choi, M Wei, J Zheng, L Zhang, H Jellison, GE Groza, M Burger, A AF Mandal, Krishna C. Kang, Sung Hoon Choi, Michael Wei, Jiuan Zheng, Lili Zhang, Hui Jellison, Gerald E. Groza, Michael Burger, Arnold TI Component overpressure growth and characterization of high-resistivity CdTe crystals for radiation detectors SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-IV Materials CY OCT 10-12, 2006 CL Newport Beach, CA DE CdTe; component overpressure; crystal growth; Bridgman; radiation detectors ID GAMMA-RAY DETECTORS; CL-DOPED CDTE; CDZNTE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SPECTROMETERS; CD0.9ZN0.1TE; SIMULATION; ZINC AB Spectrometer-grade CdTe single crystals with resistivities higher than 10(9) Omega cm have been grown by the modified Bridgman method using zone-refined precursor materials (Cd and Te) under a Cd overpressure. The grown CdTe crystals had good charge-transport properties (mu tau(e) = 2 x 10(-3) CM2 V-1, mu tau(h) = 8 x 10(-5) CM2 V-1) and significantly reduced Te precipitates compared with crystals grown without Cd overpressure. The crystal growth conditions for the Bridgman system were optimized by computer modeling and simulation, using modified MASTRAPP program, and applied to crystal diameters of 14 mm (0.55"), 38 mm. (1.5"), and 76 mm (3"). Details of the CdTe crystal growth operation, structural, electrical, and optical characterization measurements, detector fabrication, and testing using (241)AM (60 keV) and Cs-137 (662 keV) sources are presented. C1 EIC Labs Inc, Norwood, MA 02062 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mech Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Fisk Univ, Ctr Excellence Phys & Chem Mat, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. RP Mandal, KC (reprint author), EIC Labs Inc, 111 Downey St, Norwood, MA 02062 USA. EM kmandal@eiclabs.com RI Kang, Sung/B-1084-2010 OI Kang, Sung/0000-0002-9156-3348 NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 36 IS 8 BP 1013 EP 1020 DI 10.1007/s11664-007-0164-y PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 207MK UT WOS:000249255000033 ER PT J AU Vesper, S McKinstry, C Ashley, P Haugland, R Yeatts, K Bradham, K Svendsen, E AF Vesper, Stephen McKinstry, Craig Ashley, Peter Haugland, Richard Yeatts, Karin Bradham, Karen Svendsen, Erik TI Quantitative PCR analysis of molds in the dust from homes of asthmatic children in North Carolina SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID FUNGI; WATER AB The vacuum bag (VB) dust from the homes of 19 asthmatic children in North Carolina (NC) was analyzed by mold specific quantitative PCR. These results were compared to the analysis of the VB dust from 176 homes in the HUD, American Healthy Home Survey of homes in the US. The Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) was calculated for each of the homes. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of the ERMI values in the homes of the NC asthmatic children was 16.4 (6.77), compared to the HUD survey VB ERMI value mean and SD of 11.2 (6.72), and was significantly greater (t-test, p = 0.003) in the NC asthmatic children's homes. The molds Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus fumigatus, and the Eurotium Group were the primary species in the NC homes of asthmatics, making the ERMI values significantly higher (P < 0.02 for each). Vacuum bag dust analysis may be a useful method for estimating the mold burden in a home. C1 US EPA, NERL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Dept Housing & Urban Dev, Washington, DC USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, CEMLAB, Chapel Hill, NC USA. US EPA, NHEERL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Vesper, S (reprint author), US EPA, NERL, 26 W ML King Ave,ML 314, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Vesper.stephen@epa.gov RI Svendsen, Erik/J-2671-2015 OI Svendsen, Erik/0000-0003-3941-0907 NR 15 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 9 IS 8 BP 826 EP 830 DI 10.1039/b704359g PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 206EA UT WOS:000249165500014 PM 17671663 ER PT J AU Lioy, PJ Vallero, D Foley, G Georgopoulos, P Heiser, J Watson, T Reynolds, M Daloia, J Tong, S Isukapalli, S AF Lioy, Paul J. Vallero, Daniel Foley, Gary Georgopoulos, Panos Heiser, John Watson, Tom Reynolds, Michael Daloia, James Tong, Sai Isukapalli, Sastry TI A personal exposure study employing scripted activities and paths in conjunction with atmospheric releases of perfluorocarbon tracers in Manhattan, New York SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE personal exposure; perfluorocarbon tracers; emission sources and urban populations; neighborhood activities; emergency responders AB A personal exposure study was conducted in New York City as part of the Urban Dispersion Program ( UDP). It examined the contact of individuals with four harmless perflourocarbon tracers ( PFT) released in Midtown Manhattan with approval by city agencies at separate locations, during two types of experiments, completed during each release period. Two continuous 1 h release periods separated by a 1.5 h ventilation time were completed on 3 October 2005. Stationary site and personal exposure measurements were taken during each period, and the first half hour after the release ended. Two types of scripted exposure activities are reported: Outdoor Source Scale, and Outdoor Neighborhood Scale; requiring 1- and 10- min duration samples, respectively. The results showed that exposures were influenced by the surface winds, the urban terrain, and the movements of people and vehicles typical in urban centers. The source scale exposure data indicated that local conditions significantly affected the distribution of each tracer, and consequently the exposures. The highest PFT exposures resulted from interaction of the scripted activities with local surface conditions. The range measured for 1- min exposures were large with measured values exceeding 5000 ppqv ( parts per quadrillion by volume). The neighborhood scale measurements quantified exposures at distances up to seven blocks away from the release points. Generally, but not always, the PFT levels returned quickly to zero indicating that after cessation of the emissions the concentrations decrease rapidly, and reduce the intensity of local exposures. The near source and neighborhood personal exposure route results provided information to establish a baseline for determining how a release could affect both the general public and emergency responders, and evaluate the adequacy of re- entry or exit strategies from a local area. Finally, the data also show that local characteristics can produce "hot spots''. C1 UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, EOHSI, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. US EPA, NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. US EPA Reg 2, Edison, NJ USA. RP Lioy, PJ (reprint author), UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, EOHSI, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd,Room 301, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM plioy@eohsi.rutgers.edu RI Lioy, Paul/F-6148-2011 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES005022, ES05022-1551] NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 17 IS 5 BP 409 EP 425 DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500567 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 199CS UT WOS:000248674400001 PM 17505505 ER PT J AU Yanco, HA Keyes, B Drury, JL Nielsen, CW Few, DA Bruemmer, DJ AF Yanco, Holly A. Keyes, Brenden Drury, Jill L. Nielsen, Curtis W. Few, Douglas A. Bruemmer, David J. TI Evolving interface design for robot search tasks SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEEE International Workshop on Safety, Security and Rescue Robots/6th Performance Metrics for Intelligent Systems CY AUG, 2006 CL Nat Inst Stand Tech, Gaithersburg, MD SP IEEE HO Nat Inst Stand Tech ID RESCUE AB This paper describes two steps in the evolution of human-robot interaction designs developed by the University of Massachusetts Lowell (UML) and the Idaho National Laboratory to support urban search and rescue tasks. Usability tests were conducted to compare the two interfaces, one of which emphasized three-dimensional mapping while the other design emphasized the video feed. We found that participants desired a combination of the interface design approaches. As a result, the UML system was changed to augment its heavy emphasis on video with a map view of the area immediately around the robot. The changes were tested in a follow-up user study and the results from that experiment suggest that performance, as measured by the number of collisions with objects in the environment and time on task, is better with the new interaction techniques. Throughout the paper, we describe how we applied human-computer interaction principles and techniques to benefit the evolution of the human-robot interaction designs. While the design work is situated in the urban search and rescue domain, the results can be generalized to domains that involve other search or monitoring tasks using remotely located robots. (c) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Comp Sci, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Mitre Corp, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Yanco, HA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Comp Sci, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM holly@cs.uml.edu; bkeyes@mitre.org; jldrury@mitre.org; David.Bruemmer@inl.gov NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1556-4959 EI 1556-4967 J9 J FIELD ROBOT JI J. Field Robot. PD AUG-SEP PY 2007 VL 24 IS 8-9 BP 779 EP 799 DI 10.1002/rob.20215 PG 21 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA 214PS UT WOS:000249751200009 ER PT J AU Phillips, EH Goff, F Kyle, PR McIntosh, WC Dunbar, NW Gardner, JN AF Phillips, Erin H. Goff, Fraser Kyle, Philip R. McIntosh, William C. Dunbar, Nelia W. Gardner, Jamie N. TI The Ar-40/Ar-39 age constraints on the duration of resurgence at the Valles caldera, New Mexico SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID JEMEZ VOLCANIC FIELD; AR-40-AR-39 LASER PROBE; CERRO TOLEDO RHYOLITE; SILICIC MAGMA CHAMBER; RIO-GRANDE RIFT; LONG-VALLEY; YELLOWSTONE CALDERA; EXCESS ARGON; K-AR; MOUNTAINS AB [1] The Ar-40/(39) Ar ages for rocks from the Valles caldera, New Mexico, imply that resurgent uplift of the caldera floor occurred within 27 +/- 27 ka of caldera collapse. The structural resurgent dome of the Valles caldera was uplifted approximately 1000 m above the surrounding caldera floor during resurgence. The upper Bandelier Tuff, which yields an age of 1.256 +/- 0.010 Ma (2 sigma; ages relative to Fish Canyon tuff sanidine at 28.02 Ma), is the lower constraint on the timing of resurgence. The oldest postcollapse ring fracture dome, Cerro del Medio, is the upper time constraint and yields an age of 1.229 +/- 0.017 Ma for one of its oldest flow lobes. Therefore resurgent uplift probably occurred within 54 ka, at a minimum rate of 1.9 cm/yr. Sanidine phenocrysts from rhyolites of the postcollapse intracaldera Deer Canyon and Redondo Creek members yield Ar-40/(39) Ar single-crystal laser fusion ages ranging from 1.229 +/- 0.013 Ma to 1.283 +/- 0.017 Ma (Deer Canyon Member; n = 8) and 1.208 +/- 0.017 Ma to 1.239 +/- 0.017 Ma (Redondo Creek Member; n = 4). With one exception from each unit, these ages are statistically indistinguishable from the upper Bandelier Tuff, indicating that eruption of these postcollapse rhyolites probably commenced shortly after caldera formation. Melt inclusion hosted excess argon was not found to have a measurable effect on the age of sanidine from the upper Bandelier Tuff or the Deer Canyon Member. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, New Mexico Bureau Geol & Mineral Resources, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Phillips, EH (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. NR 57 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 112 IS B8 AR B08201 DI 10.1029/2006JB004511 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 198CJ UT WOS:000248604300003 ER PT J AU Dumitru, A Iancu, E Portugal, L Soyez, G Triantafyllopoulos, DN AF Dumitru, Adrian Iancu, Edmond Portugal, Licinio Soyez, Gregory Triantafyllopoulos, Dionysis N. TI Pomeron loop and running coupling erects in high energy QCD evolution SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE deep inelastic scattering; parton model; QCD ID NONLINEAR GLUON EVOLUTION; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; SMALL-X EVOLUTION; DIMENSIONAL MODEL; FRONT PROPAGATION; SATURATION SCALE; GAUGE THEORIES; BFKL POMERON; EQUATION AB Within the framework of a (1+1)-dimensional model which mimics evolution and scattering in QCD at high energy, we study the influence of the running of the coupling on the high-energy dynamics with Pomeron loops. We find that the particle number fluctuations are strongly suppressed by the running of the coupling, by at least one order of magnitude as compared to the case of a fixed coupling, for all the rapidities that we have investigated, up to Y = 200. This reflects the slowing down of the evolution by running coupling effects, in particular, the large rapidity evolution which is required for the formation of the saturation front via diffusion. We conclude that, for all energies of interest, processes like deep inelastic scattering or forward particle production can be reliably studied within the framework of a mean-field approximation (like the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation) which includes running coupling effects. C1 Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. CEA, DSM, SPhT, Serv Phys Theor Saclay, F-1191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. ECT, I-38050 Trento, Italy. RP Dumitru, A (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, Max Von Laue Str 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. EM dumitru@th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de; edmond.iancu@cea.fr; licinio@if.ufrj.br; G.Soyez@ulg.ac.be; dionysis@ect.it RI Triantafyllopoulos, Dionysios/J-2052-2014 OI Triantafyllopoulos, Dionysios/0000-0002-0952-4201 NR 64 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 IS 8 AR 062 PG 28 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 207NQ UT WOS:000249258200036 ER PT J AU Ganor, OJ Hashimoto, A Jue, S Kim, BS Ndirango, A AF Ganor, Ori J. Hashimoto, Akikazu Jue, Sharon Kim, Bom Soo Ndirango, Anthony TI Aspects of Puff Field theory SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE AdS-CFT correspondence; non-commutative geometry; gauge-gravity correspondence ID CLOSED STRING THEORY; MAGNETIC-FIELD; MODELS AB We describe some features of the recently constructed "Puff Field Theory," and present arguments in favor of it being a field theory decoupled from gravity. We construct its supergravity dual and calculate the entropy of this theory in the limit of large 't Hooft coupling. We also determine the leading irrelevant operator that governs its deviation from N= 4 super Yang-Mills theory. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Ganor, OJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, 366 LeConte Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM origa@socrates.berkeley.edu; aki@physics.wisc.edu; sljue@socrates.Berkeley.edu; bskim@socrates.Berkeley.edu; andirang@socrates.Berkeley.edu NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 IS 8 AR 035 PG 29 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 207NQ UT WOS:000249258200063 ER PT J AU Ibe, M Kitano, R AF Ibe, Masahiro Kitano, Ryuichiro TI Sweet spot supersymmetry SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE supersymmetric standard model; supersymmetric phenomenology; cosmology of theories beyond the SM ID LARGE HADRON COLLIDER; LIGHTEST HIGGS BOSON; STANDARD MODEL; MINIMAL SUPERGRAVITY; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; PARTICLE PHYSICS; GAUGE MEDIATION; CP CONSERVATION; POLONYI PROBLEM; DARK-MATTER AB We find that there is no supersymmetric flavor/CP problem, mu-problem, cosmological moduli/gravitino problem or dimension four/five proton decay problem in a class of supersymmetric theories with O(1) GeV gravitino mass. The cosmic abundance of the non-thermally produced gravitinos naturally explains the dark matter component of the universe. A mild hierarchy between the mass scale of supersymmetric particles and electroweak scale is predicted, consistent with the null result of a search for the Higgs boson at the LEP-II experiments. A relation to the strong CP problem is addressed. We propose a parametrization of the model for the purpose of collider studies. The scalar tau lepton is the next to lightest supersymmetric particle in a theoretically favored region of the parameter space. The lifetime of the scalar tau is of O(1000) seconds with which it is regarded as a charged stable particle in collider experiments. We discuss characteristic signatures and a strategy for confirmation of this class of theories at the LHC experiments. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Ibe, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM ibe@slac.stanford.edu; kitano@slac.stanford.edu NR 115 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 IS 8 AR 016 PG 46 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 207NQ UT WOS:000249258200082 ER PT J AU Pierce, A Thaler, J AF Pierce, Aaron Thaler, Jesse TI Natural Dark Matter from an unnatural Higgs boson and new colored particles at the TeV scale SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS; STANDARD MODEL; SEARCH; PHYSICS AB The thermal relic abundance of Dark Matter motivates the existence of new electroweak scale particles, independent of naturalness considerations. However, most unnatural Dark Matter models do not ensure the presence of new particles charged under SU(3)(C), resulting in challenging LHC phenomenology. Here, we present a class of models with scalar electroweak doublet Dark Matter that require a host of colored particles at the TeV scale. In these models, the Higgs boson is apparently fine-tuned, but the Dark Matter doublet is kept light without any additional fine-tuning. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ranball Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pierce, A (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ranball Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM atpierce@umich.edu; jthaler@jthaler.net OI Thaler, Jesse/0000-0002-2406-8160 NR 39 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 IS 8 AR 026 DI 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/08/026 PG 21 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 207NQ UT WOS:000249258200072 ER PT J AU Yen, F dela Cruz, C Lorenz, B Galstyan, E Sun, YY Gospodinov, M Chu, CW AF Yen, F. dela Cruz, C. Lorenz, B. Galstyan, E. Sun, Y. Y. Gospodinov, M. Chu, C. W. TI Magnetic phase diagrams of multiferroic hexagonal RMnO3 (R = Er, Yb, Tm, and Ho) SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POWDER DIFFRACTION DATA; EARTH MANGANESE OXIDES; EVOLUTION; HOMNO3; YMNO3 AB The magnetic phase diagrams of RMnO3 (R = Er, Yb, Tm, Ho) are investigated up to 14 T via magnetic and dielectric measurements. The stability range of the atomic force microscopy order below the Neel temperature of the studied RMnO3 extends to far higher magnetic fields than previously assumed. Magnetic irreversibility indicating the presence of a spontaneous magnetic moment is found near 50 K for R = Er, Yb, and Tm. At very low temperatures and low magnetic fields, the phase boundary defined by the ordering of the rare-earth moments is resolved. The sizable dielectric anomalies observed along all phase boundaries are evidence for strong spin-lattice coupling in the hexagonal RMnO3. In HoMnO3 the strong magnetoelastic distortions are investigated in more detail via magnetostriction experiments up to 14 T. The results are discussed based on existing data on magnetic symmetries and the interactions among the Mn-spins, the rare-earth moments, and the lattice. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Yen, F (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM fyen18@hotmail.com RI Yen, Fei/C-8713-2015; dela Cruz, Clarina/C-2747-2013 OI Yen, Fei/0000-0003-2295-3040; dela Cruz, Clarina/0000-0003-4233-2145 NR 29 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 8 U2 38 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 22 IS 8 BP 2163 EP 2173 DI 10.1557/JMR.2007.0271 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 196ZF UT WOS:000248521500017 ER PT J AU Xu, B Zhang, WF Liu, XY Yin, J Liu, ZG AF Xu, B. Zhang, W. F. Liu, X. Y. Yin, J. Liu, Z. G. TI The electronic structure and the photoluminescence property of the photocatalyst BaZn1/3Nb2/3O3 SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID VISIBLE-LIGHT IRRADIATION; WATER; DYNAMICS; OXIDES; BA2+; SR2+; CA2+; CDS; TA; NI AB The photocatalyst BaZn1/3Nb2/3O3 with ABO(3) perovskite structure has been synthesized by using a solid-state reaction process. It was characterized by x-ray diffraction and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The luminescence band centers around 285 nm and shows a large Stokes shift compared with the excitation spectrum, indicating a strong electron-phonon interaction in the photocatalyst BaZn1/3Nb2/3O3, The electronic structure of BaZn1/3Nb2/3O3 was calculated by using the pseudopotential method of the density function theory. It shows that the conduction band should be mainly composed of the Nb 4d states, and the valence band should be mainly composed of the O 2p state. The densities of the O 2p states and the Zn 4s states at the bottom of the conduction band are very low. The Zn 4s states show an expanded structure, which was proposed to be helpful for the migration of the photoexcited carriers, thus favoring the photocatalytic activity of BaZn1/3Nb2/3O3. C1 Nanjing Univ, Natl Lab Solid State Microstruct, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. Henan Univ, Dept Phys, Kaifeng 475001, Peoples R China. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yin, J (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Natl Lab Solid State Microstruct, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. EM jyin@nju.edu.cn NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 22 IS 8 BP 2185 EP 2188 DI 10.1557/JMR.2007.0276 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 196ZF UT WOS:000248521500020 ER PT J AU Jiang, XM Schaller, RD Lee, SB Pietryga, JM Klimov, VI Zakhidov, AA AF Jiang, Xiaomei Schaller, Richard D. Lee, Sergey B. Pietryga, Jeffrey M. Klimov, Victor I. Zakhidov, Anvar A. TI PbSe nanocrystal/conducting polymer solar cells with an infrared response to 2 micron SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HYBRID PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; QUANTUM DOTS; CARRIER MULTIPLICATION; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; EFFICIENCY; COMPOSITES; NANOPARTICLES; MORPHOLOGY; INJECTION AB uWe investigated the photovoltaic response of nanocomposites made of colloidal, infrared-sensitive, PbSe nanocrystals (NCs) of various sizes and conjugated polymers of either regioregular poly (3-hexylthiophene) (RR-P3HT) or poly(2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV). The conduction and valence energy levels of PbSe NCs were determined by cyclic voltammetry and revealed type 11 heterojunction alignment with respect to energy levels in RR-P3HT for smaller NC sizes. Devices composed of NCs and RR-P3HT show good diode characteristics and sizable photovoltaic response in a spectral range from the ultraviolet to the infrared. Using these materials, we have observed photovoltaic response at wavelengths as far to the infrared as 2 mu m (0.6 eV), which is desirable due to potential benefits of carrier multiplication (or multi-exciton generation) from a single junction photovoltaic. Under reverse bias, the devices also exhibit good photodiode responses over the same spectral region. C1 Univ Texas, Nanotech Inst, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Plextron Inc, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA. Univ Texas, Nanotech Inst, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. RP Jiang, XM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Nanotech Inst, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. EM xjiang@cas.usf.edu OI Zakhidov, Anvar/0000-0003-3983-2229; Klimov, Victor/0000-0003-1158-3179 NR 38 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 26 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 22 IS 8 BP 2204 EP 2210 DI 10.1557/JMR.2007.0289 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 196ZF UT WOS:000248521500023 ER PT J AU Farmer, JC Haslam, JJ Day, SD Lian, T Saw, CK Hailey, PD Choi, JS Rebak, RB Yang, N Payer, JH Perepezko, JH Hildal, K Lavernia, EJ Ajdelsztajn, L Branagan, DJ Buffa, EJ Aprigliano, LF AF Farmer, J. C. Haslam, J. J. Day, S. D. Lian, T. Saw, C. K. Hailey, P. D. Choi, J-S. Rebak, R. B. Yang, N. Payer, J. H. Perepezko, J. H. Hildal, K. Lavernia, E. J. Ajdelsztajn, L. Branagan, D. J. Buffa, E. J. Aprigliano, L. F. TI Corrosion resistance of thermally sprayed high-boron iron-based amorphous-metal coatings: Fe49.7Cr17.7Mn1.9Mo7.4W1.6B15.2C3.8Si2.4 SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR; GLASSES; ALLOYS AB An iron-based amorphous metal, Fe49.7Cr17.7Mn1.9Mo7.4W1.6B15.2C3.8Si2.4 (SAM2X5), with very good corrosion resistance has been developed, This material was prepared as a melt-spun ribbon, as well as gas atomized powder and a thermal-spray coating. During electrochemical testing in several environments, including seawater at 90 degrees C, the passive film stability was found to be comparable to that of high-performance nickel-based alloys and superior to that of stainless steels, based on electrochemical measurements of the passive film breakdown potential and general corrosion rates. This material also performed very well in standard salt fog tests. Chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and tungsten (W) provided corrosion resistance, and boron (B) enabled glass formation. The high boron content of this particular amorphous metal made it an effective neutron absorber and suitable for criticality control applications. This material and its parent alloy maintained corrosion resistance up to the glass transition temperature and remained in the amorphous state during exposure to relatively high neutron doses. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NanoSteel Co, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. Strateg Anal, Arlington, VA USA. RP Farmer, JC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM farmer4@llnl.gov RI Lavernia, Enrique/I-6472-2013; OI Lavernia, Enrique/0000-0003-2124-8964; Rebak, Raul/0000-0002-8070-4475 NR 35 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 9 U2 47 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 22 IS 8 BP 2297 EP 2311 DI 10.1557/JMR.2007.0291 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 196ZF UT WOS:000248521500034 ER PT J AU Sankir, M Kim, YS Pivovar, BS McGrath, JE AF Sankir, M. Kim, Yu Seung Pivovar, Bryan S. McGrath, James E. TI Proton exchange membrane for DMFC and H-2/air fuel cells: Synthesis and characterization of partially fluorinated disulfonated poly(arylene ether benzonitrile) copolymers SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE proton exchange membrane; direct methanol fuel cell; fluorination; poly(arylene ether sulfone); poly(arylene ether benzonitrile); disulfonated random copolymers ID NAFION MEMBRANES; PERFORMANCE; WATER; PEM AB Partially fluorinated disulfonated poly(arylene ether benzonitrile) random or statistical copolymers were synthesized by direct nucleophilic substitution copolymerization reactions. The 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile and 3,3'-disulfonated 4,4'-difluorodiphenyl sulfone (SDFDPS) and controlled amounts of 4,4'-biphenol and hexafluoroisopropylidene diphenol (hexafluorobisphenol A, 6F) were used to produce partially fluorinated disulfortated copolymers with various degrees of fluorination (0-100 mol% 6F). NMR analysis coupled with titration of sulfonated moieties confirmed both chemical structure and copolymer composition. The copolymers produced ductile films and intrinsic viscosity analyses indicated high molecular weight copolymers were obtained. Several basic PEM parameters such as water uptake, proton conductivity and methanol permeabilities were controlled and presented as tunable properties which were a function of molecular structure. This was achieved by controlling of the chemical composition. Water uptake of membranes and cell resistance of MEAs were lowered by partial fluorination. The influence of this on desirably improving the interface in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC)s was demonstrated. A delamination failure mechanism was proposed for the hydrocarbon membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) due to the large difference between water uptake of the catalyst layer and membrane and this was verified by a reduction in high frequency resistance (HFR) and enhanced durability for the partially fluorinated systems. A new term defined as water uptake corrected relative selectivity was introduced which better correlated with DMFC performance. Expression of the ion exchange capacity (IEC) on a volume basis was described and is suggested as an improvement relative to the usual weight basis analysis. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Macromol & Interfaces Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. TOBB Univ Econ & Technol, TR-06560 Ankara, Turkey. RP McGrath, JE (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM jmcgrath@vt.edu NR 19 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 299 IS 1-2 BP 8 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2007.04.004 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 195RX UT WOS:000248430400002 ER PT J AU Ma, Z Overbury, SH Dai, S AF Ma, Zhen Overbury, Steven H. Dai, Sheng TI Au/MxOy/TiO(2)catalysts for CO oxidation: Promotional effect of main-group, transition, and rare-earth metal oxide additives SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS A-CHEMICAL LA English DT Review DE gold catalysis; CO oxidation; titania; metal oxide; additive; sintering ID SUPPORTED AU CATALYSTS; WATER-GAS SHIFT; GOLD CATALYSTS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; AU/AL2O3 CATALYSTS; MESOPOROUS SILICA; AU/TIO2 CATALYST; AU/MOX/AL2O3 CATALYSTS; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION AB Au/TiO2 catalysts are active for CO oxidation, but they suffer from high-temperature sintering of the gold particles, and few attempts have been made to promote or stabilize Au/TiO2, Our recent communication addressed these issues by loading gold onto Al2O3/TiO2 prepared via surface-sol-gel processing of Al(sec-OC4H9)(3) on TiO2 [W.F. Yan, S.M. Malturin, Z.W. Pan, S.H. Overbury, S. Dai, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 (2005) 10480-104811. In our current full paper, Au/Al2O3/TiO2, catalysts were prepared alternatively by thermal decomposition of Al(NO3)(3) on TiO2 followed by loading gold, and the influences of the decomposition temperature and Al2O3 content were systematically surveyed. This facile method was subsequently extended to the preparation of a battery of metal oxide-modified Au/TiO2, catalysts virtually not reported. It was found that Au/TiO2 modified by CaO, NiO, ZnO, Ga2O3, Y2O3, ZrO2, La2O3, Pr2O3, Nd2O3, Sm2O3, EU2O3, Gd2O3, Dy2O3, Ho2O3, Er2O3, or Yb2O3 could retain significant activity at ambient temperature even after aging in O-2-He at 500 degrees C, whereas unmodified Au/TiO2, lost its activity. Moreover, some 200 degrees C-calcined promoted catalysts showed high activity even at about - 100 degrees C. The deactivation and regeneration of some of these new catalysts were studied. This work furnished novel catalysts for further fundamental and applied research. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@onrl.gov RI Ma, Zhen/F-1348-2010; Overbury, Steven/C-5108-2016; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Ma, Zhen/0000-0002-2391-4943; Overbury, Steven/0000-0002-5137-3961; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 104 TC 82 Z9 86 U1 6 U2 97 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-1169 EI 1873-314X J9 J MOL CATAL A-CHEM JI J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 273 IS 1-2 BP 186 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.molcata.2007.04.007 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 192CI UT WOS:000248178000027 ER PT J AU Narayan, J Pant, P Wei, W Narayan, RJ Budai, JD AF Narayan, J. Pant, P. Wei, W. Narayan, R. J. Budai, J. D. TI Nanostructured GaN nucleation layer for light-emitting diodes SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gallium nitride; nanostructured nucleation layer; light emitting diodes (LEDs); domain matching epitaxy ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SAPPHIRE; GROWTH AB This paper addresses the formation of nanostructured gallium nitride nucleation (NL) or initial layer (IL), which is necessary to obtain a smooth surface morphology and reduce defects in h-GaN layers for light-emitting diodes and lasers. From detailed X-ray and HR-TEM studies, researchers determined that this layer consists of nanostructured grains with average grain size of 25 nm, which are separated by small-angle grain boundaries (with misorientation similar to 1 degrees), known as subgrain boundaries. Thus NL is considered to be single-crystal layer with mosaicity of about 1 degrees. These nc grains are mostly faulted cubic GaN (c-GaN) and a small fraction of unfaulted c-GaN. This unfaulted Zinc-blencle c-GaN, which is considered a nonequilibrium phase, often appears as embedded or occluded within the faulted c-GaN. The NL layer contained in-plane tensile strain, presumably arising from defects due to island coalescence during Volmer-Weber growth. The 10L X-ray scans showed c-GaN fraction to be over 63% and the rest h-GaN. The NL layer grows epitaxially with the (0001) sapphire substrate by domain matching epitaxy, and this epitaxial relationship is remarkably maintained when c-GaN converts into h-GaN during high-temperature growth. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. UNC, Dept Biomed Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Narayan, J (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, EB-1,Centennial Campus, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Narayan, Jagdish/D-1874-2009; Narayan, Roger/J-2789-2013; Budai, John/R-9276-2016 OI Narayan, Roger/0000-0002-4876-9869; Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306 NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2719 EP 2725 DI 10.1166/jnn.2007.670 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 187YA UT WOS:000247884000018 PM 17685288 ER PT J AU Bollen, J Nelson, ML Geisler, G Araujo, R AF Bollen, Johan Nelson, Michael L. Geisler, Gary Araujo, Raquel TI Usage derived recommendations for a video digital library SO JOURNAL OF NETWORK AND COMPUTER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE usage analysis; recommender systems video.; open video project ID CONSTRAINED SPREADING ACTIVATION; INFORMATION-RETRIEVAL AB We describe a minimalist methodology to develop usage-based recommender systems for multimedia digital libraries. A prototype recommender system based on this strategy was implemented for the Open Video Project, a digital library of videos that are freely available for download. Sequential patterns of video retrievals are extracted from the project's web download logs and analyzed to generate a network of video relationships. A spreading activation algorithm locates video recommendations by searching for associative paths connecting query-related videos. We evaluate the performance of the resulting system relative to an item-based collaborative filtering technique operating on user profiles extracted from the same log data. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Res Lib, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Univ Texas, Sch Informat, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Bollen, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Res Lib, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jbollen@lanl.gov; mln@cs.odu.edu; raraujo@cs.odu.edu OI Nelson, Michael/0000-0003-3749-8116 NR 43 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1084-8045 J9 J NETW COMPUT APPL JI J. Netw. Comput. Appl. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 30 IS 3 BP 1059 EP 1083 DI 10.1016/j.jnca.2005.12.009 PG 25 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 185PQ UT WOS:000247723300014 ER PT J AU Bloom, EE Busby, JT Duty, CE Maziasz, PJ McGreevy, TE Nelson, BE Pint, BA Tortorelli, PF Zinkle, SJ AF Bloom, E. E. Busby, J. T. Duty, C. E. Maziasz, P. J. McGreevy, T. E. Nelson, B. E. Pint, B. A. Tortorelli, P. F. Zinkle, S. J. TI Critical questions in materials science and engineering for successful development of fusion power SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; LIQUID LITHIUM; STRUCTURAL-MATERIALS; FERRITIC STEELS; STAINLESS-STEEL; ALLOYS; IRRADIATION; CORROSION; BLANKET; COMPATIBILITY AB It is the general conclusion of all national programs that the development of high-performance reduced-activation structural materials is essential for the successful development of fusion power. In this paper, the experience gleaned from previous programs to develop materials for high temperature structural applications is used to identify and discuss some of the most critical issues that must be addressed in the development of candidate materials for fusion structural applications. Critical issues discussed include radiation-induced solute segregation and implications on phase stability in the development of high-performance alloys/ceramics; the effects of very large amounts of helium on mechanical properties and the implications for alloy design/development; development of high temperature design methodology and incorporation of radiation effects into this methodology; the effects of radiation damage on flow localization, and the implications and approach to control the phenomena; and considerations of mass transfer and corrosion in complex fusion systems. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V\. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Busby, JT (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM busbyjt@ornl.gov RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008; Tortorelli, Peter/E-2433-2011; OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335; Maziasz, Philip/0000-0001-8207-334X; Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 69 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.02.007 PN A PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000002 ER PT J AU Stoller, RE Wiffen, FWB Tanigawa, H AF Stoller, Roger E. Wiffen, F. W. Bill Tanigawa, Hiroyasu TI Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) - Preface SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. RP Stoller, RE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Bldg 4500S,MS-6138,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM rkn@ornl.gov RI Stoller, Roger/H-4454-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP XI EP XII DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.02.015 PN A PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000001 ER PT J AU Barabash, V Peacock, A Fabritsiev, S Kalinin, G Zinkle, S Rowcliffe, A Rensman, JW Tavassoli, AA Marmy, P Karditsas, PJ Gillemot, F Akiba, M AF Barabash, V. Peacock, A. Fabritsiev, S. Kalinin, G. Zinkle, S. Rowcliffe, A. Rensman, J.-W. Tavassoli, A. A. Marmy, P. Karditsas, P. J. Gillemot, F. Akiba, M. CA ITER Int Team TI Materials challenges for ITER - Current status and future activities SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; IN-VESSEL COMPONENTS; IRRADIATION; ALLOYS AB ITER will be the first experimental fusion facility, which brings together the key physical, material and technological issues related to development of fusion reactors. The design of ITER is complete and the construction will start soon. This paper discusses the main directions of the project oriented materials activity and main challenges related to selection of materials for the ITER components. For each application in ITER the main materials issues were identified and these issues were addressed in the dedicated ITER R&D program. The justification of materials performance was fully documented, which allows traceability and reliability of design data. Several examples are given to illustrate the main achievements and recommendations from the recently updated ITER Materials Properties Handbook. The main ongoing and future materials activities are described. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 ITER Int Team, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EFDA Close Support Unit, D-85748 Garching, Germany. DV Efremov Sci Res Inst Electrophys Apparatus, St Petersburg 196641, Russia. ENES, Moscow 101000, Russia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NRG, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands. CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Assoc EURATOM Confederat Suisse, EPFL, CRPP, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. UKAEA Fus Assoc, EURATOM, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. AEKI Atom Res Inst, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary. JAEA, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. RP Barabash, V (reprint author), ITER Int Team, Boltsmannstr 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM valdimir.barabash@iter.org OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 26 TC 65 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 21 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.017 PN A PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000004 ER PT J AU Baluc, N Gelles, DS Jitsukawa, S Kimura, A Klueh, RL Odette, GR van der Schaaf, B Yu, JN AF Baluc, N. Gelles, D. S. Jitsukawa, S. Kimura, A. Klueh, R. L. Odette, G. R. van der Schaaf, B. Yu, Jinnan TI Status of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel development SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA AB Recent research results obtained in Europe, Japan, China and the USA on reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels are reviewed. The present status of different RAFM steel products (plate, powder HIPped steel, many types of fusion and diffusion welds, unirradiated and irradiated states) is sufficient to present a strong case for the use of the steels in ITER test blanket modules. For application in DEMO, more research is needed, including the use of the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) in order to quantify the effects of large amounts of transmutation products, such as helium and hydrogen. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 EPFL, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. JAEA, Tokai, Ibaraki 31911, Japan. Kyoto Univ, IAE, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. NRG, Petten, Netherlands. CIAE, Beijing 102413, Peoples R China. RP Baluc, N (reprint author), EPFL, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, ODGA 110, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. EM nadine.baluc@psi.ch NR 39 TC 122 Z9 128 U1 6 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 33 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.036 PN A PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000005 ER PT J AU Tanigawa, H Sakasegawa, H Hashimoto, N Klueh, RL Ando, M Sokolov, MA AF Tanigawa, H. Sakasegawa, H. Hashimoto, N. Klueh, R. L. Ando, M. Sokolov, M. A. TI Irradiation effects on precipitation and its impact on the mechanical properties of reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic steels SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID HFIR AB It was previously reported that reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic steels (RAFs) showed a variety of changes in ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) and yield stress after irradiation at 573 K up to 5 dpa. The precipitation behavior of the irradiated steels was examined and the presence of irradiation induced precipitation which works as if it was forced to reach the thermal equilibrium state at irradiation temperature 573 K. In this study, transmission electron microscopy was performed on extraction replica specimens to analyze the size distribution of precipitates. It turned out that the hardening level multiplied by the square root of the average block size showed a linear dependence on the extracted precipitate weight. This dependence suggests that the difference in irradiation hardening between RAFs was caused by different precipitation behavior on block, packet and prior austenitic grain boundaries during irradiation. The simple Hall-Petch law could be applicable for interpreting this dependence. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tanigawa, H (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. EM tanigawa.hiroyasu@jaea.go.jp RI HASHIMOTO, Naoyuki/D-6366-2012 NR 7 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 42 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.167 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000006 ER PT J AU Klueh, RL Hashimoto, N Maziasz, PJ AF Klueh, R. L. Hashimoto, N. Maziasz, P. J. TI New nano-particle-strengthened ferritic/martensitic steels by conventional thermo-mechanical treatment SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MARTENSITIC STEEL; CREEP AB For increased fusion power plant efficiency, steels for operation at 650 degrees C and higher are sought. Based on the science of precipitate strengthening, a thermo-mechanical treatment (TMT) was developed that increased the strength from room temperature to 700 degrees C of commercial nitrogen-containing steels and new steels designed for the TMT. At 700 degrees C increases in yield stress of 80 and 200% were observed for a commercial steel and a new steel, respectively, compared to commercial normalized-and-tempered steels. Creep-rupture strength was similarly improved. Depending on the TMT, precipitates were up to eight-times smaller at a number density four orders of magnitude greater than those in a conventionally heat treated steel of similar composition. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Klueh, RL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008,MS 6138, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM kluehrl@ornl.gov RI HASHIMOTO, Naoyuki/D-6366-2012; OI Maziasz, Philip/0000-0001-8207-334X NR 15 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 48 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.001 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000007 ER PT J AU Kimura, A Kasada, R Kohyama, A Tanigawa, H Hirose, T Shiba, K Jitsukawa, S Ohtsuka, S Ukai, S Sokolov, MA Klueh, RL Yamamoto, T Odette, GR AF Kimura, Akihiko Kasada, Ryuta Kohyama, Akira Tanigawa, Hiroyasu Hirose, Takanori Shiba, Kiyoyuki Jitsukawa, Shiro Ohtsuka, Satoshi Ukai, Shigeharu Sokolov, M. A. Klueh, R. L. Yamamoto, Takuya Odette, G. R. TI Recent progress in US-Japan collaborative research on ferritic steels R&D SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID ACTIVATION FERRITIC/MARTENSITIC STEELS; CHARPY IMPACT PROPERTIES; CR-2-PERCENT W STEEL; MARTENSITIC STEELS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ALLOY COMPOSITION; V-NOTCH; IRRADIATION; HELIUM; DESIGN AB The mechanisms of irradiation embrittlement of two Japanese RAFSs were different from each other. The larger DBTT shift observed in F82H is interpreted by means of both hardening effects and a reduction of cleavage fracture stress by M23C6 carbides precipitation along lath block and packet boundaries, while that of JLF-1 is due to only the hardening effect. Dimensional change measurement during in-pile creep tests revealed the creep strain of F82H was limited at 300 degrees C. Performance of the weld bond under neutron irradiation will be critical to determine the life time of blanket structural components. Application of the ODS steels, which are resistant to corrosion in supercritical pressurized water, to the water-cooled blanket is essential to increase thermal efficiency of the blanket systems beyond DEMO. The coupling of RAFS and ODS steel could be effective to realize a highly efficient fusion blanket. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan. Japan Nucl Cycle Dev Inst, Oarai, Ibaraki, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA USA. RP Kimura, A (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. EM Kimura@iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp RI Kasada, Ryuta/D-6350-2011 OI Kasada, Ryuta/0000-0002-5641-6158 NR 30 TC 47 Z9 51 U1 7 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 60 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.013 PN A PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000009 ER PT J AU Sokolov, MA Tanigawa, H Odette, GR Shiba, K Klueh, RL AF Sokolov, M. A. Tanigawa, H. Odette, G. R. Shiba, K. Klueh, R. L. TI Fracture toughness and Charpy impact properties of several RAFMS before and after irradiation in HFIR SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID SHIFTS AB As part of the development of candidate reduced-activation ferritic steels for fusion applications, several steels, namely F82H, 9Cr-2WVTa steels and F82H weld metal, are being investigated in the joint DOE-JAEA collaboration program. Within this program, three capsules containing a variety of specimen designs were irradiated at two design temperatures in the ORNL High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR). Two capsules, RB-11J and RB-12J, were irradiated in the HFIR removable beryllium positions with europium oxide (Eu2O3) thermal neutron shields in place. Specimens were irradiated up to 5 dpa. Capsule JP25 was irradiated in the HFIR target position to 20 dpa. The design temperatures were 300 degrees C and 500 degrees C. Precracked third-sized V-notch Charpy (3.3 x 3.3 x 25.4 mm) and 0.18 T DC(T) specimens were tested to determine transition and ductile shelf fracture toughness before and after irradiation. The master curve methodology was applied to evaluate the fracture toughness transition temperature, To. Irradiation induced shifts of To and reductions of J(Q) were compared with Charpy V-notch impact properties. Fracture toughness and Charpy shifts were also compared to hardening results. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Sokolov, MA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sokolovm@ornl.gov NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 68 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.165 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000010 ER PT J AU Wakai, E Ando, M Sawai, T Tanigawa, H Taguchi, T Stoller, RE Yamamoto, T Kato, Y Takada, F AF Wakai, E. Ando, M. Sawai, T. Tanigawa, H. Taguchi, T. Stoller, R. E. Yamamoto, T. Kato, Y. Takada, F. TI Effect of heat treatments on tensile properties of F82H steel irradiated by neutrons SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID ACTIVATION FERRITIC/MARTENSITIC STEELS; REDUCED-ACTIVATION; MARTENSITIC STEELS; MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR; TEMPERATURE; HFIR; EMBRITTLEMENT; ALLOYS AB The dependence of irradiation hardening of F82H steel on tempering conditions was examined by JMTR and HFIR irradiation experiments. The JMTR and HFIR irradiations were performed to 2 dpa at 250 degrees C and 5 dpa at 300 degrees C, respectively. Irradiation hardening measured at 25-400 degrees C depended strongly on tempering conditions, and it basically increased with temperature and time of tempering. The increment of yield stress due to irradiation was negligible at 500 degrees C in the specimens tempered at 750 degrees C for 0.5-10 h, but was measured to be 130-200 MPa in the specimens tempered at 780 and 800 degrees C for 0.5 h. Irradiation hardening of F82H that was heat treated to produce a weld-like material was also examine. The weld-like material was annealed at 800, 860 and 920 degrees C for 0.5 h, and,then continuously annealed at 700 degrees C. The level of irradiation hardening depended on the heat treatment conditions. From these results, it is suggested that the control of heat treatments such as tempering is useful to resist irradiation hardening and embrittlement. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Wakai, E (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Agcy, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. EM wakai.eiichi@jaea.go.jp RI Stoller, Roger/H-4454-2011; Wakai, Eiichi/L-1099-2016 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 74 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.164 PN A PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000011 ER PT J AU Dvoriashin, AM Porollo, SI Konobeev, YV Budylkin, NI Mironova, EG Ioltukhovskiy, AG Leontyeva-Smirnova, MV Garner, FA AF Dvoriashin, A. M. Porollo, S. I. Konobeev, Yu. V. Budylkin, N. I. Mironova, E. G. Ioltukhovskiy, A. G. Leontyeva-Smirnova, M. V. Garner, F. A. TI Mechanical properties and microstructure of three Russian ferritic/martensitic steels irradiated in BN-350 reactor to 50 dpa at 490 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA AB Ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steels are being considered for application in fusion reactors, intense neutron sources, and accelerator-driven systems. While EP-450 is traditionally used with sodium coolants in Russia, EP-823 and EI-852 steels with higher silicon levels have been developed for reactor facilities using lead-bismuth coolant. To determine the influence of silicon additions on short-term mechanical properties and microstructure, ring specimens cut from cladding tubes of these three steels were irradiated in sodium at 490 degrees C in the BN-350 reactor to 50 dpa. Post-irradiation tensile testing and microstructural examination show that EI-852 steel (1.9 wt% Si) undergoes severe irradiation embrittlement. Microstructural investigation showed that the formation of near-continuous X-phase precipitates on grain boundaries is the main cause of the embrittlement. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Obninsk Phys & Power Engn Inst, State Sci Ctr Russian Federat, Obninsk, Russia. AA Bochvar All Russia Res Inst Inorgan Mat, State Sci Ctr Russian Federat, Moscow, Russia. RP Garner, FA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Frank.garner@pnl.gov NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 92 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.161 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000014 ER PT J AU Klueh, RL Sokolov, MA AF Klueh, R. L. Sokolov, M. A. TI Mechanical properties of irradiated 9Cr-2WVTa steel with and without nickel SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID POSTIRRADIATION TENSILE BEHAVIOR; DOPED FERRITIC STEELS; REDUCED-ACTIVATION; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; MARTENSITIC STEELS; 12CR-1MOVW STEELS; IMPACT PROPERTIES; 9CR-1MOVNB; MICROSTRUCTURE; EMBRITTLEMENT AB Tensile and Charpy specimens of normalized-and-tempered ORNL 9Cr-2WVTa reduced-activation steel and that steel composition containing 2% Ni (9Cr-2VVVTa-2Ni) were irradiated at 376-405 degrees C in the experimental breeder reactor (EBR-II) to 23-33 dpa. Steels were irradiated in two tempered conditions: 1 h at 700 degrees C and 1 h at 750 degrees C. The mechanical properties before and after irradiation of the 9Cr-2WVTa-2Ni steel were quite similar to those of the 9Cr-2WVTa steel, indicating no adverse effect of the nickel. Neither of the steels showed excessive hardening or a large increase in ductile-brittle transition temperature. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Klueh, RL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM kluehrl@ornl.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 102 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.160 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000016 ER PT J AU Ando, M Li, M Tanigawa, H Grossbeck, ML Kim, S Sawai, T Shiba, K Kohno, Y Kohyama, A AF Ando, M. Li, M. Tanigawa, H. Grossbeck, M. L. Kim, S. Sawai, T. Shiba, K. Kohno, Y. Kohyama, A. TI Creep behavior of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steels irradiated at 573 and 773 K up to 5 dpa SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID FUSION HEATS; PCA; DISLOCATIONS; 9CR-1MO AB The irradiation creep behavior of F82H and several variants of JLF-l steel has been measured at 573 and 773 K up to 5 dpa using helium-pressurized creep tubes irradiated in HFIR. These tubes were pressurized with helium to hoop stress levels of 0-400 MPa at the irradiation temperature. The results for F82H and JLF-1 with a 400 MPa hoop stress showed small creep strains (<0.25%) after irradiation at 573 K. The irradiation creep strain at 573 K in these steels is linearly dependent on the applied stress at stress levels below 250 MPa. However, at higher hoop stress levels, the creep strain becomes nonlinear. At 773 K, the irradiation creep strain of F82H is linearly dependent on the applied stress level below 100 MPa. At higher stress levels, the creep strain increased strongly. The creep compliance coefficients for F82H and JLF-1 are consistent with the values obtained for other steels. These data contribute to the materials database for ITER test blanket design work. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. Muroran Inst Technol, Muroran, Hokkaido 0508585, Japan. EM ando.masami@jaea.go.jp NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 122 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.157 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000020 ER PT J AU Hoelzer, DT Bentley, J Sokolov, MA Miller, MK Odette, GR Alinger, MJ AF Hoelzer, D. T. Bentley, J. Sokolov, M. A. Miller, M. K. Odette, G. R. Alinger, M. J. TI Influence of particle dispersions on the high-temperature strength of ferritic alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA AB Four ferritic alloys based on the composition Fe-l4Cr-3W-0.4Ti (nominal wt%) were developed with a predominant dispersion of either oxide particles or nano-size Y-, Ti-, O-rich clusters, or nanoclusters (NC). Tensile specimens machined from the alloys were tested at room temperature and at temperatures ranging from similar to 360 degrees C to 800 degrees C in air using a strain rate of 10(-3) s(-1). The results showed that the high-temperature strength of the NC strengthened alloys was significantly better than that of the oxide strengthened alloys. The room temperature yield strengths of the two alloys containing the NC were 1469 MPa and 1261 MPa while the yield strengths of the two oxide dispersion alloys were 819 MPa (Y-Ti-oxides) and 583 MPa (Ti-oxides). However, the ductility of the oxide strengthened alloys was better than that of the NC strengthened alloys. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hoelzer, DT (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hoelzerd@ornl.gov RI Hoelzer, David/L-1558-2016 NR 12 TC 127 Z9 136 U1 1 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 166 EP 172 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.151 PN A PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000028 ER PT J AU Miao, P Odette, GR Yamamoto, T Alinger, M Hoelzer, D Gragg, D AF Miao, P. Odette, G. R. Yamamoto, T. Alinger, M. Hoelzer, D. Gragg, D. TI Effects of consolidation temperature, strength and microstructure on fracture toughness of nanostructured ferritic alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID STEELS; EVOLUTION; TENSILE; MA957 AB Fully consolidated nanostructured ferritic alloys (NFAs) were prepared by attritor milling pre-alloyed Fe-14Cr-3W-0.4Ti and 0.3 wt% Y2O3 powders, followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIPing) at 1000 degrees C or 1150 degrees C at 200 MPa foi 4 h. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed similar bimodal distributions of fine and coarse ferrite grains in both cases. However, as expected, the alloy microhardness decreased with increasing in HIPing temperature. Three point bend tests on single edge notched specimens, with a nominal root radius rho = 0.15 mm, were used to measure the notch, fracture toughness, K,,, as a function of test temperature. The K,, curves were found to be similar for both processing conditions. It appears that the coarser ferrite grains control cleavage fracture, in a way that is independent of alloy strength and HIPing temperature. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Miao, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM p.miao@engincering.ucsb.edu RI Hoelzer, David/L-1558-2016 NR 13 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 208 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.144 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000035 ER PT J AU Sokolov, MA Hoelzer, DT Stoller, RE McClintock, DA AF Sokolov, M. A. Hoelzer, D. T. Stoller, R. E. McClintock, D. A. TI Fracture toughness and tensile properties of nano-structured ferritic steel 12YWT SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA AB The oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steels are being developed and investigated for fission and fusion structural applications in Japan, Europe, and the United States. In this paper, the fracture toughness and tensile properties of an ODS steel with nominal composition Fe-12Cr-2.5W-0.4Ti-0.25Y(2)O(3) (designated 12YWT) were investigated and compared to commercial reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels. Small, 1.6-mm thick and 3.2-mm wide, 3-point bend specimens were used for fracture toughness characterization of this steel. Specimens were fatigue pre-cracked to initial crack length (a) to width ( W) ratio of 0.45 and tested quasi-statically in the temperature range from -50 degrees C to 550 degrees C. Specimens tested up to 50 degrees C exhibited elastic-plastic cleavage fracture that was typical for the transition region in ferritic steels. The master curve transition temperature, To, for the 12YWT alloy was determined to be 102 degrees C. Specimens tested at 100 degrees C and higher exhibited ductile stable crack growth. In these cases, the J-integral at the onset of stable crack growth (J(Ic)) was determined from the J-R curves. Their equivalent values in terms of stress intensity factor, K-JIc, were about 93 MPa root m at 100 degrees C and decreased to 53 MPa root m at 550 degrees C. This study showed that oxide dispersion strengthening resulted in significant decreases in the toughness properties compared to commercial RAFM steels, although appreciable level of toughness was still retained. Tensile tests were performed at temperatures between room temperature and 800 degrees C. As expected, this material exhibited very high yield strength, similar to 1300 MPa, at room temperature. For comparison, the yield strength of commercial RAFM steels is about 550 MPa. Yield strength of 12YWT decreases as test temperature increases and at 800 degrees C it is about 323 MPa. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sokolov, MA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sokolovm@ornl.gov RI Stoller, Roger/H-4454-2011; Hoelzer, David/L-1558-2016; OI McClintock, David/0000-0002-9292-8951 NR 5 TC 32 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 213 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.143 PN A PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000036 ER PT J AU Oda, T Oya, Y Tanaka, S Weber, WJ AF Oda, Takuji Oya, Yasuhisa Tanaka, Satoru Weber, William J. TI Validation of potential models for Li2O in classical molecular dynamics simulation SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID LITHIUM-OXIDE; DIFFUSION; LIALO2 AB Four Buckingham-type pairwise potential models for Li2O were assessed by molecular static and dynamics simulations. In the static simulation, all models afforded acceptable agreement with experimental values and ab initio calculation results for the crystalline properties. Moreover, the superionic phase transition was realized in the dynamics simulation. However, the Li diffusivity and the lattice expansion were not adequately reproduced at the same time by any model. When using these models in future radiation simulation, these features should be taken into account, in order to reduce the model dependency of the results. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tokyo, Dept Quantum Engn & Syst Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138565, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Radioisotope Ctr, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Oda, T (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Quantum Engn & Syst Sci, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1138565, Japan. EM oda@flanker.q.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 263 EP 268 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.139 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000045 ER PT J AU Stoller, RE Walker, FJ Specht, ED Nicholson, DM Barabash, RI Zschack, P Ice, GE AF Stoller, R. E. Walker, F. J. Specht, E. D. Nicholson, D. M. Barabash, R. I. Zschack, P. Ice, G. E. TI Diffuse X-ray scattering measurements of point defects and clusters in iron SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DISLOCATION LOOPS; ALPHA-IRON; COPPER; DAMAGE; TEMPERATURE; SIMULATIONS; RADIATION; CASCADES; METALS AB The nature of residual damage from atomic displacement cascades in iron has been investigated by diffuse X-ray scattering. A single crystal iron sample was irradiated at -60 degrees C in the High Flux Isotope Reactor at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory to a fluence of 1 x 10(23) n/m(2) (E > 0.1 MeV), or similar to 0.01 dpa. Diffuse X-ray scattering measurements were carried out at the Advanced Photon Source at the Argonne National Laboratory on three specimens: unirradiated, as-irradiated, and irradiated and annealed for one hour at 450 degrees C (IA). The specimens were cooled to similar to 40 K to minimize thermal diffuse scattering. Subsequent measurements of the specimen lattice parameter were completed at ORNL. The diffuse scattering in the as-irradiated specimen was dominated by interstitial defect clusters exhibiting a tetragonal distortion consistent with a (100) type defect. Substantial recovery of this defect component was observed following the anneal at 450 degrees C. A lattice parameter increase was observed following irradiation, which is also consistent with a substantial population of interstitial type defects. A net lattice parameter decrease was observed in the IA specimen, indicating loss of the interstitial defects with a residual population of vacancy-type defects. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Stoller, RE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM rkn@oml.gov RI Stoller, Roger/H-4454-2011; Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009; OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163; Walker, Frederick/0000-0002-8094-249X NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 269 EP 275 DI 10.1016/j.jnuemat.2007.03.019 PN A PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000046 ER PT J AU Zhou, Z Dudarev, SL Jenkins, ML Sutton, AP Kirk, MA AF Zhou, Z. Dudarev, S. L. Jenkins, M. L. Sutton, A. P. Kirk, M. A. TI Diffraction imaging and diffuse scattering by small dislocation loops SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID COLUMN APPROXIMATION; SIMULATIONS; CONTRAST; IMAGES AB Defining the limits of visibility of small defect clusters and dislocation loops, and optimal diffraction conditions for electron microscope imaging remains one of the central problems of electron microscopy of irradiated materials. Using computer image simulations based on the propagation-interpolation algorithm for solving the Howie-Basinski equations, we investigate the relation between the actual and the 'observed' size of small loops, the part played by many-beam dynamical diffraction effects, and limitations of electron microscope imaging in identifying the structure of small defects. We also discuss the link between real-space imaging and diffuse scattering by small dislocation loops. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 EURATOM, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Oxford OX1 3PH, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dudarev, SL (reprint author), EURATOM, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. EM sergei.dudarev@ukaea.org.uk NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 305 EP 310 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.135 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000052 ER PT J AU Heinisch, HL Gao, F Kurtz, RJ AF Heinisch, H. L. Gao, F. Kurtz, R. J. TI Atomistic modeling of helium interacting with screw dislocations in alpha-Fe SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID VACANCY CLUSTERS; EMBRITTLEMENT; STEELS; IRON; HE AB Formation energies, binding energies, and migration energies of interstitial He atoms in and near the core of an a/2(111) screw dislocation in alpha-Fe are determined in atomistic simulations using molecular statics employing conjugate gradient relaxation and the dimer method for determining saddle point energies. The set of interatomic potentials employed is the same as used in many recent static and dynamic He-Fe simulations. Interstitial He atoms have a maximum positive binding energy of about 1 eV to the screw dislocation core relative to interstitial He atoms in the perfect crystal, which is about half that of binding energies of He to the edge dislocation. However, interstitial He atoms diffuse along the screw dislocation core with a migration energy of 0.4-0.5 eV, which is the same range as migration energies of interstitial He atoms along the edge dislocation. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Heinisch, HL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, P8-15,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM hl.heinisch@pnl.gov RI Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012 NR 20 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 311 EP 315 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.035 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000053 ER PT J AU Heinisch, HL Trinkaus, H Singh, BN AF Heinisch, H. L. Trinkaus, H. Singh, B. N. TI Kinetic Monte Carlo studies of the reaction kinetics of crystal defects that diffuse one-dimensionally with occasional transverse migration SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID CASCADE DAMAGE CONDITIONS; INTERSTITIAL CLUSTERS; DISLOCATION LOOPS; ALPHA-FE; BCC IRON; EVOLUTION; ACCUMULATION; METALS; GLIDE AB The reaction kinetics of the various species of mobile defects in irradiated materials are crucially dependent on the dimensionality of their migration. Sink strengths for one-dimensionally (1D) gliding interstitial loops undergoing occasional direction changes have been described analytically and confirmed by kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations. Here we report on KMC simulations investigating a different transition from 1D to 3D diffusion of 1D gliding loops for which. their 1D migration is interrupted by occasional 2D migration due to conservative climb by dislocation core diffusion within a plane transverse to their 1D glide direction. Their transition from 1D to 3D kinetics is significantly different from tha, due to direction changes. The KMC results are compared to an analytical description of this diffusion mode in the form o. a master curve relating the 1D normalized sink strength to the frequency of disturbance of 1D migration. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Riso Natl Lab, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. RP Heinisch, HL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, P8-15,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM hl.heinisch@pnl.gov NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 332 EP 337 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.034 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000057 ER PT J AU Miyamoto, M Ono, K Arakawa, K Birtcher, RC AF Miyamoto, M. Ono, K. Arakawa, K. Birtcher, R. C. TI Effects of cascade damages on the dynamical behavior of helium bubbles in Cu SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID IN-SITU OBSERVATION; BROWNIAN-MOTION; IRRADIATION; COPPER; IONS AB Effects of cascade damage on the behavior of helium bubbles in copper have been studied. To examine the dynamical response of the helium bubbles to irradiation with high energy self ions, in situ TEM observations during irradiation with 400 keV Cu+ at room temperature and 830 K were carried out. Intermittent motion of bubbles of a few nm was observed at room temperature where the bubble was thermally immobile. At high temperature, in addition to Brownian type motions, rapid motion of rather long distances of about 10nm was observed. The detailed analysis of the frequency and distance of these motions suggested the direct interaction of helium bubbles with sub-cascades and secondary defects. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Shimane Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Matsue, Shimane 6908504, Japan. Osaka Univ, UHV Microscopy Ctr, Osaka 5650871, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Miyamoto, M (reprint author), Shimane Univ, Dept Mat Sci, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 6908504, Japan. EM miyamoto@riko.shimane-u.ac.jp NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 350 EP 354 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.129 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000060 ER PT J AU Seletskaia, T Osetskiy, YN Stoller, RE StockS, GM AF Seletskaia, T. Osetskiy, Yu. N. Stoller, R. E. Stocks, G. M. TI Development of a Fe-He interatomic potential based on electronic structure calculations SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID HELIUM; IRON AB A new empirical Fe-He potential has been developed by fitting results obtained from first-principles calculations. Both the formation and relaxation energies of single He defects and small He clusters were accounted for in the fitting process. The new potential consists of a repulsive pair-potential term and a three-body interaction term, and was applied in combination with three commonly used iron interatomic potentials, and a potential describing the behavior of helium in vacuum. As an application of the new potential, the stability of He-vacancy clusters at zero temperature was evaluated. The calculated results were similar for all three Fe potentials, and the new potentials provide results that are more consistent with ab initio calculations than those obtained from previous Fe-He potentials. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Stoller, RE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Bldg 4500S,MS-6138,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM rkn@ornl.gov RI Stoller, Roger/H-4454-2011; Stocks, George Malcollm/Q-1251-2016; OI Stocks, George Malcollm/0000-0002-9013-260X; Osetskiy, Yury/0000-0002-8109-0030 NR 13 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 355 EP 360 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.018 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000061 ER PT J AU Yamamoto, T Odette, GR Miao, P Hoelzer, DT Bentley, J Hashimoto, N Tanigawa, H Kurtz, RJ AF Yamamoto, T. Odette, G. R. Miao, P. Hoelzer, D. T. Bentley, J. Hashimoto, N. Tanigawa, H. Kurtz, R. J. TI The transport and fate of helium in nanostructured ferritic alloys at fusion relevant He/dpa ratios and dpa rates SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID IRRADIATION; STEELS; EMBRITTLEMENT AB A novel in situ Ni-59(n,alpha) reaction He-implanter technique is described, that can be used to characterize the effect of the He/dpa ratio on microstructural evolution and changes in the flow properties of various materials at fusion relevant conditions. :Irradiations in the high flux isotope reactor resulted in alpha-implantation from 1 to 5 mu m thick NiAl coatings on TEM discs producing a uniform He concentration of 5-50 appin He/dpa to a depth of 5-8 mu m. Initial post-irradiation TEM observacions of MA957 irradiated to 9 dpa and 380 appin He at 500 degrees C provide strong evidence for the existence of a high density of small <= 1 nm size bubbles trapped on nano-scale YTiO clusters. In contrast, similar irradiations of Eurofer 97, described in a companion paper, produce a lower number density of larger cavities, which may be a mixture of bubbles and voids.,(c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Yamamoto, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM yamataku@engineering.ucsb.edu RI HASHIMOTO, Naoyuki/D-6366-2012; Hoelzer, David/L-1558-2016 NR 21 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 399 EP 410 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.047 PN A PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000069 ER PT J AU Kurtz, RJ Odette, GR Yamamoto, T Gelles, DS Miao, P Oliver, BM AF Kurtz, R. J. Odette, G. R. Yamamoto, T. Gelles, D. S. Miao, P. Oliver, B. M. TI The transport and fate of helium in martensitic steels at fusion relevant He/dpa ratios and dpa rates SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA AB Understanding, modeling and managing the effects of He and displacement damage on microstructural evolution and property changes are primary objectives of fusion materials research. We recently implemented an approach for producing controlled He-to-dpa ratios under neutron irradiation using a novel a-implantation technique. Thin 1-4 mu m NiAl coatings were deposited on Eurofer-97 TEM discs to produce a uniform He deposition zone of 6-8 mu m. The test matrix is aimed at characterizing the transport, fate and consequences of He and He-to-dpa ratio variation on alloys with a wide range of starting microstructure. We explore the effect He-to-dpa ratio and temperature on the microstructure of conventionally processed Eurofer-97. Bubbles were found at all irradiation temperatures, with estimated maximum diameters of similar to 12, 6.9 and 1.4 nm at 500 degrees C (similar to 9 dpa and 372 appm He), 400 degrees C (similar to 3.9 dpa and 82 appm He) and 300 degrees C (similar to 3.9 dpa and 89 appm He), respectively. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Kurtz, RJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,Mail Stop P8-15, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM rj.kurtz@pnl.gov NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 417 EP 422 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.121 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000071 ER PT J AU Gao, F Heinisch, HL Kurtz, RJ AF Gao, F. Heinisch, H. L. Kurtz, R. J. TI Diffusion of He interstitial and di-He cluster at grain boundaries in alpha-Fe SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID REACTOR STRUCTURAL-MATERIALS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; HELIUM; DEFECTS AB A systematic molecular dynamics study of the diffusion mechanisms of He interstitial and di-He cluster at two representative interfaces has been carried out in alpha-Fe. The diffusion coefficient of a He interstitial and the effective migration energies were determined. The He atom diffuses along the Sigma 11 grain boundary one-dimensionally along specific directions, while it migrates two-dimensionally at low temperatures, and three-dimensionally at higher temperatures, in the Sigma 3 grain boundary. The di-He interstitial cluster can migrate rapidly along the 13 interface at low temperatures, but not at the Sigma 11 interface. It has been observed that a di-He interstitial cluster can kick out a self interstitial atom (SIA) at high temperatures, forming a He2V complex. The SIA migrates rapidly near interfaces, whereas the He2V complex is immobile at the temperatures considered. This small cluster may serve as the smallest nucleation for the formation of helium bubbles at interfaces. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gao, F (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM fei.gao@pnl.gov RI Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012 NR 15 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 446 EP 450 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.021 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000076 ER PT J AU Deo, CS Okuniewski, MA Srivilliputhur, SG Maloy, SA Baskes, MI James, MR Stubbins, JF AF Deo, Chaitanya S. Okuniewski, Maria A. Srivilliputhur, Srinivasan G. Maloy, Stuart A. Baskes, Mike I. James, Michael R. Stubbins, James F. TI The effects of helium on irradiation damage in single crystal iron SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID MARTENSITIC STEELS; VACANCY CLUSTERS; PURE METALS; GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; SIMULATION; NEUTRON; LANSCE AB Fusion systems have a major issue with the relatively large amounts of helium (He) which are generated during the irradiation damage process. The effect of helium on the accumulation of defects and defect clusters and the influence of the resulting microstructure on physical and mechanical properties has been the focus of a large number of experimental and modeling studies over the past twenty years. The present work is part of an effort to quantify these effects in ways that were not possible in earlier studies. This is accomplished through systematic and coordinated computational modeling and experiments. The modeling approach employs both molecular dynamics (MD) and kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations to study the dynamic evolution of helium and defect clusters in bee iron over relevant time scales. The kMC model follows the transport or evolution of the major defect entities in the material. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Nucl Plasma & Radiol Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Stubbins, JF (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Nucl Plasma & Radiol Engn, 214 Nucl Engn Lab,103 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM jstubbin@uiuc.edu RI Maloy, Stuart/A-8672-2009 OI Maloy, Stuart/0000-0001-8037-1319 NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 451 EP 456 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.117 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000077 ER PT J AU Sokojov, MA Tanigawa, H AF Sokojov, M. A. Tanigawa, H. TI Application of the master curve to inhomogeneous ferritic/martensitic steel SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA AB Three sizes of fracture toughness specimens of F82H steel were tested to verify the master curve concept. Specimens were tested at several temperatures in the transition region with at least four tests at each temperature to allow application of the Weibull statistic/master curve analysis procedure. The largest specimens were 1 T C(T) compact specimens. Broken halves of 1 T C(T) specimens were later used to machine and test smaller, 0.4 T C(T) and 0.18 T DC(T), specimens more suitable for irradiation experiments. The scatter of fracture toughness was rather high relative to scatter predicted by conventional master curve concept, but was similar for larger and smaller specimens. It was assumed that this material exhibited inhomogeneity of fracture toughness. Random inhomogeneity analysis provides a very good description of the scatter of fracture toughness data of F82H steel. At the same time, values of To derived using conventional and random inhomogeneity analyses are similar. TEM and SEM analysis helped identify microstructural features that might be responsible for such behavior. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. RP Sokojov, MA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sokolovm@ornl.gov NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 587 EP 592 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.105 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000100 ER PT J AU Sokolov, MA Kimura, A Tanigawa, H Jitsukawa, S AF Sokolov, M. A. Kimura, A. Tanigawa, H. Jitsukawa, S. TI Fracture toughness characterization of JLF-1 steel after irradiation in HFIR to 5 dpa SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID 300 DEGREES-C AB Fracture toughness specimens of the ferritic-martensitic steel JLF-I were investigated before and after irradiation at two different temperatures in the High Flux Isotope Reactor. Small (12.5 mm in diameter with thickness of 4.6 mm) disk-shaped compact tension specimens were irradiated at average temperatures of similar to 250 degrees C and 377 degrees C to similar to 4 dpa. Small, 3.33 x 3.33 x 25 mm, pre-cracked Charpy specimens were irradiated at similar to 300 'C and 500 degrees C to 5 dpa. Transition fracture toughness was evaluated in terms of the reference temperature T-0 for each irradiation temperature and dose and compared to unirradiated T-0. Current fracture toughness shifts compared with T-0 shifts of F82H and 9Cr2WVTa steels irradiated at similar conditions. The present results show that JLF-1, F82H, and 9Cr-2VvTVTa steels have very similar resistance to radiation embrittlement after doses of 4-5 dpa in the temperature range from 250 'C to 500 'C. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. RP Sokolov, MA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sokolovm@ornl.gov NR 13 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 644 EP 647 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.100 PN A PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000110 ER PT J AU Byun, TS Lara-Curzio, E Lowden, RA Snead, LL Katoh, Y AF Byun, T. S. Lara-Curzio, E. Lowden, R. A. Snead, L. L. Katoh, Y. TI Miniaturized fracture stress tests for thin-walled tubular SiC specimens SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE REACTOR; ELASTOMERIC INSERTS; FUEL-PARTICLES; STRENGTH; PERFORMANCE; PREDICTION; COMPONENTS; COATINGS; BEHAVIOR AB Two testing methods have been developed for miniaturized tubular specimens to evaluate the fracture stress of chemically vapor deposited (CVD) SiC coatings in nuclear fuel particles. In the first method hoop stress is applied to a thin-valled tubular specimen by internal pressurization using a polyurethane insert. The second method is a crushing technique, n which tubular specimen is fractured by diametrical compressive loading. Tubular SiC specimens with a wall thickness of about 100 pm and inner diameters of about 0.9 mm (SiC-A) and I turn (SiC-B) were extracted from surrogate nuclear fuels and tested using the two test methods. Mean fracture stresses of 239, 263, and 283 MPa were measured for SiGA and SiG 3 by internal pressurization, and SiGA by diametrical loading, respectively. In addition, size effects in the fracture stress vere investigated using tubular alumina specimens with various sizes. A significant size effect was found in the experimenal data and was also predicted by the effective area-based scaling method. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Byun, TS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM byunts@ornl.gov OI Katoh, Yutai/0000-0001-9494-5862 NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 653 EP 658 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.014 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000112 ER PT J AU Katoh, Y Snead, LL Henager, CH Hasegawa, A Kohyama, A Riccardi, B Hegeman, H AF Katoh, Y. Snead, L. L. Henager, C. H., Jr. Hasegawa, A. Kohyama, A. Riccardi, B. Hegeman, H. TI Current status and critical issues for development of SiC composites for fusion applications SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID SILICON-CARBIDE COMPOSITES; SUBCRITICAL CRACK-GROWTH; TRANSVERSE THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; CERAMIC-MATRIX COMPOSITES; SIC/SIC COMPOSITES; SICF/SIC COMPOSITES; CVISICF/SIC COMPOSITES; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION AB Silicon carbide (SiC)-based ceramic composites have been studied for fusion applications for more than a decade. The potential for these materials have been widely discussed and is now understood to be (1) the ability to operate in temperature regimes much higher than for metallic alloys, (2) an inherent low level of long-lived radioisotopes that reduces the radiological burden of the structure, and (3) perceived tolerance against neutron irradiation up to high temperatures. This paper reviews the recent progress in development, characterization, and irradiation effect studies for SiC composites for fusion energy applications. It also makes the case that SiC composites are progressing from the stage of potential viability and proof-of-principle to one where they are ready for system demonstration, i.e., for flow channel inserts in Pb-Li blankets. Finally, remaining general and specific technical issues for SiC composite development for fusion applications are identified. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Tohoku Univ, Dept Quantum Sci & Energy Engn, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. EFDA CSU Garching, D-85748 Garching, Germany. NRG, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands. RP Katoh, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008,MS-6138, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM katohy@ornl.gov OI Katoh, Yutai/0000-0001-9494-5862; Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803 NR 88 TC 175 Z9 186 U1 14 U2 69 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 659 EP 671 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.032 PN A PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000113 ER PT J AU Snead, LL Katoh, Y Connery, S AF Snead, L. L. Katoh, Y. Connery, S. TI Swelling of SiC at intermediate and high irradiation temperatures SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID DOSE NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; BETA-SILICON CARBIDE; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; CERAMIC MATERIALS; COMPOSITES; DEFECT; AMORPHIZATION; STABILITY; HELIUM AB This paper presents results from a neutron irradiation campaign on CVD SiC carried out in the High Flux Isotope Reactor. Materials were irradiated in a range of temperature from 200 to 1500 degrees C and from a fraction of a dpa to similar to 6 dpa. Data on swelling and room temperature thermal conductivity are presented. The swelling behavior below similar to 800 degrees C agrees well with the literature values. Data in the range of 1000-1600 degrees C indicates that swelling increases as the dose is increased from 2 dpa to 6 dpa, at higher-swelling with increasing irradiation temperature. Any peak in void swelling apparently occurs at irradiation temperature > 1500 degrees C (> 0.6T(m)). In the 1100-1200 degrees C temperature range, volumetric swelling is apparently at a minimum though increases from similar to 0.2% to similar to 0.4% as dose increases from similar to 2 dpa to similar to 6 dpa. The maximum swelling was found to be similar to 1.5% at the maximum dose and temperature of this study, similar to 6 dpa and similar to 1500 degrees C. Room temperature thermal conductivity data over the entire temperature range are presented and a direct correlation between the thermal defect resistance and swelling is seen for materials irradiated at temperature less than 800 degrees C. Above 1000 'C the correlation between swelling and thermal defect resistance breaks down indicating a changing microstructure at high temperature to a microstructure less effective at scattering phonons on a swelling-normalized basis. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Snead, LL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM SneadLL@ornl.gov OI Katoh, Yutai/0000-0001-9494-5862 NR 52 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 677 EP 684 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.097 PN A PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000115 ER PT J AU Nozawa, T Katoh, Y Snead, LL AF Nozawa, T. Katoh, Y. Snead, L. L. TI The effects of neutron irradiation on shear properties of monolayered PyC and multilayered PyC/SiC interfaces of SiC/SiC composites SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES; PULL-OUT STRESSES; SILICON-CARBIDE; MATRIX COMPOSITES; FUEL PARTICLE; SIC FIBERS; INTERPHASES; TEMPERATURE; CVI AB The effect of neutron irradiation on mechanical properties at the fiber/matrix interface of SiC/SiC composites was evaluated. The materials investigated were Hi-Nicalon' Type-S fiber reinforced chemically vapor infiltrated SiC matrix,composites with varied interphases: monolayered pyrolytic carbon (PyC) or multilayered PyC/SiC. The neutron fluence vas 7.7 x 10(25) n/m(2) (E > 0. 1 MeV), and the irradiation temperature was 800 degrees C. Interfacial shear properties were evaluated)y the fiber push-out test method. A modified shear-lag model was applied to analyze the interfacial shear parameters. Test :results indicate that the interfacial debond shear strength and the interfacial friction stress for the multilayer composites xere significantly degraded by irradiation. Nevertheless, the multilayer composites retained sufficient interfacial shear properties so that overall composite strength after neutron irradiation was unaffected. The actual mechanism of interphase property decrease for the multilayer composites is unknown. The interfacial shear properties of the irradiated monolayer -omposites appear unaffected. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Nozawa, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008,MS-6138, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM nozawat@ornl.gov OI Katoh, Yutai/0000-0001-9494-5862 NR 21 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 685 EP 691 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.096 PN A PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000116 ER PT J AU Taguchi, T Igawa, N Miwa, S Wakai, E Jitsukawa, S Snead, LL Hasegawa, A AF Taguchi, T. Igawa, N. Miwa, S. Wakai, E. Jitsukawa, S. Snead, L. L. Hasegawa, A. TI Effect of displacement damage up to 50 dpa on microstructural development in SiC/SiC composites SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID SICF/SIC COMPOSITES; BEAM-IRRADIATION; FUSION; HYDROGEN; HELIUM; ISSUES; TEMPERATURE; CRYSTALS; IONS AB The effect of displacement damage up to 50 dpa on microstructural development in SiC/SiC composites with Hi-Nicalon Type S SiC fiber was investigated. He bubbles were observed in the matrix of SiC/SiC composites irradiated to more than 10 dpa in ion irradiations at 1000 degrees C. The average size of He bubbles increased with increasing displacement damage. Almost all the He bubbles were formed at the grain boundaries in the matrix irradiated to 10 dpa. On the other hand, He bubbles were also formed within the grains of the matrix irradiated to 50 dpa. The matrix irradiated to 50 dpa in a fusion reactor relevant condition had the largest average size of He bubbles. The average size of He bubbles in the matrix irradiated to 50 dpa decreased with increasing the amount of implanted H to more than a fusion reactor relevant condition. He bubbles were formed in fibers irradiated to more than 10 dpa. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. RP Taguchi, T (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. EM taguchi.tomitsugu@jaea.go.jp RI Wakai, Eiichi/L-1099-2016 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 698 EP 702 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.094 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000118 ER PT J AU Ozawa, K Nozawa, T Katoh, Y Hinoki, T Kohyama, A AF Ozawa, K. Nozawa, T. Katoh, Y. Hinoki, T. Kohyama, A. TI Mechanical properties of advanced SiC/SiC composites after neutron irradiation SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID CERAMIC-MATRIX COMPOSITES; SILICON-CARBIDE; CONSTITUENT PROPERTIES; HYSTERESIS MEASUREMENTS; FIBER COMPOSITES; TENSILE; STRENGTH AB The effect of neutron irradiation on tensile properties in advanced 2D-SiC/SiC composites was evaluated. The composites used were composed of a SiC matrix obtained by the forced-flow chemical vapor infiltration (FCVI) process and either Tyranno (TM) SA Grade-3 or Hi-Nicalon (TM) Type-S fibers with single-layered PyC coating as the interphase. Neutron irradiation fluence and temperature were 3.1 x 10(25) n/m(2) (E > 0.1 MeV) and 1.2 x 10(26) n/m(2) at 740-750 degrees C. Tensile properties were evaluated by cyclic tensile test, and hysteresis loop analysis was applied in order to evaluate interfacial properties. Both composites exhibited excellent irradiation resistance in ultimate and proportional limit tensile stresses. From the hysteresis loop analysis, the level of interfacial sliding stress decreased significantly after irradiation to 1.5 x 1026 n/m(2) at 750 degrees C. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Kyoto, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. RP Ozawa, K (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Kyoto, Japan. EM kazumi@iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp OI Katoh, Yutai/0000-0001-9494-5862 NR 20 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 713 EP 718 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.033 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000121 ER PT J AU Henager, CH AF Henager, Charles H., Jr. TI Swelling and time-dependent crack growth in SiC/SiC composites SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; CVISICF/SIC COMPOSITES; CERAMIC COMPOSITES; STRESS-ANALYSIS; MODEL; FIBERS; IRRADIATION; BEHAVIOR; CREEP AB SiC continuous-fiber composites are considered for nuclear applications but concern has centered on the differential materials response of the fiber, fiber/matrix interphase (fiber coating), and matrix. In our study, a continuous-fiber composite is simulated by four concentric cylinders to explore the magnitude of radial stresses when irradiation swelling of the various components is incorporated. The outputs of this model were input into a time-dependent crack-bridging model to predict crack growth rates in an environment where thermal and irradiation creep of SiGbased fibers is considered. Under assumed Coulomb friction the fiber-matrix sliding stress decreases with increasing dose and then increases once the pyrocarbon swelling reaches 'turn around'. This causes an initial increase in crack growth rate and higher stresses in crack bridging fibers at higher doses. An assumed irradiation creep law for fine-grained SiC fibers is shown to dominate the radiation response. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Henager, CH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,MS-P8-15, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chuck.henager@pnl.gov OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 742 EP 747 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.088 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000126 ER PT J AU Keng, HT Li, SW Wu, SW Kai, JJ Chen, FR Katoh, Y Kohyama, A AF Keng, H. T. Li, S. W. Wu, S. W. Kai, Ji-Jung Chen, Fu-Rong Katoh, Yutai Kohyama, A. TI Cavity formation in Tyranno-SA SiCf/SiC composite irradiated with multiple-ion beam at elevated temperatures SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID SILICON-CARBIDE COMPOSITES; HELIUM; HYDROGEN; FIBERS AB The microstructural evolution of Tyranno-SA SiCf/SiC composite irradiated at 800 degrees C and 1000 degrees C was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The irradiation was performed using multiple-ion beam in order to simulate the D-T fusion reactor environment. In this study, we irradiated SiCr/SiC composite made from advanced SiC fibers namely, Tyranno-SA, using dual-ion beam (6 MeV Si3+ and 1.13 MeV He+) and triple-ion beam (6 MeV Si3+, 800 keV He+) and 280 keV H+). The effects of He and H atoms on the cavity formation during irradiation are discussed. Cavities were found mainly on the grain boundary of SiCi-/SiC composite, and cavity coarsening was observed after higher temperature (1000 degrees C irradiation. Hydrogen atoms in the SiCr/SiC composite will enhance cavity nucleation. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Engn & Syst Sci, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. RP Kai, JJ (reprint author), Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Engn & Syst Sci, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. EM jjkai@ess.nthu.edu.tw OI KAI, Ji-jung/0000-0001-7848-8753; Katoh, Yutai/0000-0001-9494-5862 NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 753 EP 757 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.087 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000128 ER PT J AU Katoh, Y Snead, LL Hinoki, T Kondo, S Kohyama, A AF Katoh, Y. Snead, L. L. Hinoki, T. Kondo, S. Kohyama, A. TI Irradiation creep of high purity CVD silicon carbide as estimated by the bend stress relaxation method SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID SIC FIBERS; REACTORS; DESIGN AB The bend stress relaxation technique was applied for an irradiation creep study of high purity, chemically vapor-deposited beta-phase silicon carbide (CVD SiC) ceramic. A constant bend strain was applied to thin strip samples during neutron irradiation to fluences 0.2-4.2 dpa at various temperatures in the range similar to 400 to similar to 1080 degrees C. Irradiation creep strain at < 0.7 dpa exhibited only a weak dependence on irradiation temperature. However, the creep strain dependence on fluence was non-linear due to the early domination of the initial transient creep, and a transition in creep behavior was found between similar to 950 and similar to 1080 degrees C. Steady-state irradiation creep compliances of polycrystalline CVD SiC at doses > 0.7 dpa were estimated to be 2.7(+/- 2.6) x 10(-7) and 1.5(+/- 0.8) X 10(-6) (MPa dpa)(-1) at similar to 600 to similar to 950 degrees C and similar to 1080 degrees C, respectively, whereas linear-averaged creep compliances of 1-2 x 10(-6) (MPa dpa)(-1) were obtained for doses of 0.6-0.7 dpa at all temperatures. Monocrystalline 3C SiC samples exhibited significantly smaller transient creep strain and greater subsequent deformation when loaded along < 011 > direction. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. RP Katoh, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008,MS-6138, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM katohy@ornl.gov OI Katoh, Yutai/0000-0001-9494-5862 NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 758 EP 763 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.086 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000129 ER PT J AU Kondo, S Kohyama, A Hinoki, T AF Kondo, S. Kohyama, A. Hinoki, T. TI Anisotropic evolution of Frank loops in ion-irradiated silicon carbide SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; NUCLEATION AB Frank loop evolution in highly damaged polycrystalline cubic silicon carbide irradiated with 5.1 MeV Si2+ ions at 1673 K was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Individual TEM images of Frank loops formed on each {111} plane revealed that their population strongly depended upon their orientation with respect to the incident beam direction. However, no significant difference in loop growth rates was observed between each habit plane. The anisotropic loop evolution has not been reported for neutron-irradiated SiC. Our examination shows that a grain, containing {111} planes nearly parallel to the irradiated surface, was largely strained toward the free surface by the preferential formation of Frank loops on the plane. Compressive stress following the anisotropic swelling in ion-irradiated specimen may affect the loop evolution. The possible mechanism of the anisotropic loop evolution observed here is accounted for by the stress induced preferential nucleation of Frank loops. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. RP Kondo, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM kondos1@orn1.gov NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 764 EP 768 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.085 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000130 ER PT J AU Katoh, Y Nozawa, T Snead, LL Hinoki, T AF Katoh, Y. Nozawa, T. Snead, L. L. Hinoki, T. TI Effect of neutron irradiation on tensile properties of unidirectional silicon carbide composites SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID CERAMIC-MATRIX COMPOSITES; CONSTITUENT PROPERTIES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BEHAVIOR; PROGRESS; FIBERS AB Tensile properties of unidirectionally reinforced Hi-Nicalon (TM) Type S SiC fiber, chemically vapor-infiltrated (CVI) SiG matrix composites, with either pyrolytic carbon (PyC) or multilayered PyC/SiC interphase, were characterized following neutron irradiations to the maximum fluence of 7.7 x 1025 n/m(2) at 380 and 800 degrees C. The stress-strain behavior of the multilayered interphase composites remained unmodified after irradiation. The PyC interphase composite increased in ultimate tensile stress and strain to failure following neutron irradiation, whereas the proportional limit stress exhibited a slight decrease. Potential mechanisms for these changes include accommodation of misfit stress through irradiation creep, reduced interfacial friction, and differential swelling among individual composite constituents. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Katoh, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM katohy@ornl.gov OI Katoh, Yutai/0000-0001-9494-5862 NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 774 EP 779 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.083 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000132 ER PT J AU Muroga, T Chen, JM Chernov, VM Fukumoto, K Hoelzer, DT Kurtz, RJ Nagasaka, T Pint, BA Satou, M Suzuki, A Watanabe, H AF Muroga, T. Chen, J. M. Chernov, V. M. Fukumoto, K. Hoelzer, D. T. Kurtz, R. J. Nagasaka, T. Pint, B. A. Satou, M. Suzuki, A. Watanabe, H. TI Review of advances in development of vanadium alloys and MHD insulator coatings SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID CR-TI ALLOYS; LIQUID LITHIUM; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; V-4CR-4TI ALLOY; PRECIPITATION BEHAVIOR; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; RECENT PROGRESS; FUSION; MICROSTRUCTURE; FABRICATION AB Recent progress in the development of low activation vanadium alloys and MHD insulator coatings for a Li-self coolec blanket is reviewed. Research progress in vanadium alloys is highlighted by technology for fabricating creep tubes comparison of thermal creep in vacuum and Li, understanding impurity transfer between vanadium alloys and Li and its impact on mechanical properties, behavior of hydrogen and hydrogen isotopes, low dose irradiation effects on weld joints, and exploration for advanced vanadium alloys. Major remaining issues for vanadium alloys are thermal and irradiation creep, helium effects on high-temperature mechanical properties and radiation effects on low-temperature fracture properties. Er(2)O(3) showed good compatibility with Li, and is promising as a MHD insulator coating on vanadium alloys. Significant progress in coating technology for this material has been made. Recent efforts are focused on multi-layer. and in-situ coatings. Tests under flowing lithium conditions with a temperature gradient are necessary for quantitative examination of coating performance. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Inst Fus Sci, Gifu 5095292, Japan. SW Inst Phys, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. AA Bochvar Inorgan Mat Res Inst, Moscow, Russia. Univ Fukui, Grad Sch Nucl Power & Energy Safety Engn, Fukui 9108507, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Engn, Naka, Ibaraki 3191188, Japan. Kyushu Univ, Res Inst Appl Mech, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan. RP Muroga, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Fus Sci, Gifu 5095292, Japan. EM muroga@nifs.ac.jp RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008; Chernov, Vyacheslav/F-1470-2014; Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Hoelzer, David/L-1558-2016 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335; NR 41 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 780 EP 787 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.082 PN A PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000133 ER PT J AU Li, M Nagasaka, T Hoelzer, DT Grossbeck, ML Zinkle, SJ Muroga, T Fukumoto, K Matsui, H Narui, M AF Li, Meimei Nagasaka, T. Hoelzer, D. T. Grossbeck, M. L. Zinkle, S. J. Muroga, T. Fukumoto, K. Matsui, H. Narui, M. TI Biaxial thermal creep of two heats of V4Cr4Ti at 700 and 800 degrees C in a liquid lithium environment SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID V-4CR-4TI AB This paper presents biaxial thermal creep results for the vanadium alloy V4Cr4Ti in liquid lithium using US Heat 832665 and two batches of tubing made from NIFS-Heat-2. The tests were performed at 700 and 800 degrees C over a stress range of 30-120 MPa using pressurized tube specimens. Lithium environments changed C, N and 0 concentrations in V4Cr4Ti. Oxygen removal from the alloy to lithium was small when there was a significant pickup of nitrogen during exposures. The creep response of V4Cr4Ti was characterized by an inverted primary creep followed by a secondary creep or an accelerating creep up to creep rupture. A normal primary creep was also observed in US Heat 832665 when tested at 700 degrees C and 120 MPa. Improved creep rupture properties were observed in the JP-NIFS-Heat-2 specimens compared to the US-NIFSHeat-2 specimens. Creep response of V4Cr4Ti is apparently dependent on the heat, tubing production, and stress and temperature conditions. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Natl Inst Fus Sci, Gifu 5095292, Japan. Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Fukui, NPESE, Bunkyo Ku, Fukui 9108507, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Mat Res Inst, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Int Res Ctr Nucl Mat Sci, Oarai, Ibaraki 3111313, Japan. RP Li, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008,MS 6138, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM lim1@ornl.gov RI Hoelzer, David/L-1558-2016; OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 788 EP 793 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.081 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000134 ER PT J AU Li, M Hashimoto, N Byun, TS Snead, LL Zinkle, SJ AF Li, Meimei Hashimoto, N. Byun, T. S. Snead, L. L. Zinkle, S. J. TI Defect cluster formation and radiation hardening in molybdenum neutron-irradiated at 80 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID DISLOCATION LOOPS; BCC METALS; DAMAGE; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION; FCC AB Molybdenum was neutron-irradiated near 80 degrees C to doses of 7.2 x 10(-5), 7.2 x 10(-4), 7.2 x 10(-3), 0.072 and 0.28 dpa. Post;irradiation examination included electrical resistivity and tensile properties measured at room temperature. Microstructure of irradiated specimens was examined by TEM and the defect cluster density and cluster mean size were characterized. Measurements of electrical resistivity and cluster density showed sublinear defect accumulation behavior. The mean size of visible defect clusters increased with increasing dose. Yield stress decreased at 7.2 x 10(-5) and 7.2 x 10(-4) dpa, then increased significantly with increasing dose up to 0.072 dpa and saturated. It appeared that there was a transition in hardening from weak obstacles to strong obstacles. It is suggested that the formation of sessile defect clusters in neutron-irradiated Mo is mainly associated with diffusive nucleation and growth rather than in-cascade clustering. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Li, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008,MS 6138, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM lim1@ornl.gov RI HASHIMOTO, Naoyuki/D-6366-2012; OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 817 EP 822 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.049 PN A PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000139 ER PT J AU Rowdiffe, AF Hoelzer, DT Kurtz, RJ Young, CM AF Rowdiffe, A. F. Hoelzer, D. T. Kurtz, R. J. Young, C. M. TI Oxidation behavior of a V-4Cr-4Ti alloy during the commercial processing of thin-wall tubing SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA AB Because of the high solubility and mobility of oxygen in vanadium, composition control during the fabrication of thin (0.25 mm) wall tubing from vanadium alloys by cold drawing and annealing, presents a technological challenge. During intermediate annealing at 1000 degrees C in the 10(-4) Torr vacuum regime, oxygen penetration into the tube wall is controlled by the development of a semi-protective surface oxide (linear-parabolic oxidation conditions); oxygen-hardened surface layers lead to a high incidence of surface cracking during the final stages of cold drawing. In the 10(-5) Torr regime, under linear kinetic oxidation conditions, rapid oxygen penetration results in unacceptably high levels of oxygen pick-up (similar to 1500 wppm). In the 10(-7) Torr vacuum regime, molecular impingement rates are reduced to the point where overall oxygen pick-up is reduced to < 100 wppm. Improved cleaning/gettering procedures also restrict carbon and nitrogen pick-up to very low levels. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. Century Tubes Inc, San Diego, CA 92126 USA. RP Rowdiffe, AF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, MS 6136, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM afr@goeaston.net RI Hoelzer, David/L-1558-2016 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 839 EP 843 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.073 PN A PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000143 ER PT J AU Gelles, DS Toloczko, MB Kurtz, RJ AF Gelles, D. S. Toloczko, M. B. Kurtz, R. J. TI Thermal creep mechanisms in V-4Cr-4Ti pressurized tube specimens SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID HARPER-DORN CREEP; LOW STRESSES AB Pressurized thermal creep tubes of V-4Cr-4Ti have been examined following testing in the range 650-800 degrees C for tests lasting similar to 10(4) h to provide comparison with tests on similar tubes following irradiation. It is found in all cases that creep results from dislocation motion. But the mechanism changes with increasing temperature and lower stress from one controlled by the climb and interaction of individual dislocations, to one controlled by sub-grain boundary structure that is created by relaxation of the interacting dislocations to lower energy planar arrays. This change in mechanism corresponds to a change from power law creep to Newtonian creep such that the stress exponent drops from similar to 4 to similar to 1. Although it is possible to explain the Newtonian response as Nabarro-Herring or Coble creep, it appears more likely that behavior is due to Harper-Dorn creep, in which case the change in response occurs at the Peierls stress. () 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gelles, DS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS P8-15,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ds_gelles@pnl.gov NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 869 EP 875 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.067 PN A PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204GX UT WOS:000249033000149 ER PT J AU Sekimura, N Okita, T Garner, FA AF Sekimura, N. Okita, T. Garner, F. A. TI Influence of carbon addition on neutron-induced void swelling of Fe-l5Cr-16Ni-0.25Ti model alloy SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; IRRADIATION CREEP; STEELS AB Addition of 0.05 wt% C to a model Fe-15Cr-16Ni-0.25Ti quaternary model alloy leads to a reduction in neutron-induced swelling at 430 degrees C. The transient regime of swelling is prolonged by carbon addition, most strongly at lower dpa rates. Contrary to the swelling behavior observed in carbon-free Fe-15Cr-16Ni and Fe-15Cr-16Ni-0.25Ti model alloys irradiated in the same experiment, Fe-15Cr-16Ti-0.25Ti-0.05C does not exhibit a strong dependence of swelling on dpa rate. It appears that carbon's role, while not yet well-defined, operates via a solute-based or TiC complex mechanism rather than by a precipitate-based mechanism. A model is proposed whereby carbon stabilizes loop microstructures against unfaulting. where unfaulting is known to be a prerequisite to formation of the glissile dislocation network needed to establish a high swelling rate. This stabilization is proposed to counteract the tendency of loop unfaulting to occur more strongly at low dpa rates. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Quantum Engn & Syst Sci, Tokyo, Japan. RP Garner, FA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM frank.garner@pnl.gov NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 897 EP 903 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.065 PN B PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500001 ER PT J AU Edwards, DJ Singh, BN Tahtinen, S AF Edwards, D. J. Singh, B. N. Taehtinen, S. TI Effect of heat treatments on precipitate microstructure and mechanical properties of a CuCrZr alloy SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID COPPER-ALLOYS; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; CHROMIUM AB The precipitate microstructure of prime aged CuCrZr was coarsened by overaging to see if the larger precipitates could prevent the initiation of plastic flow localization in irradiated CuCrZr. A number of tensile and fracture toughness specimens of prime aged CuCrZr alloy were given overaging treatments at 873 K for 1, 2 and 4 h. A subset of these specimens were irradiated with fission neutrons in the BR-2 reactor at Mol (Belgium) at 333 K and 573 K to a dose level of similar to 0.3 dpa. Both unirradiated and irradiated tensile specimens were tested at 295 K, 333 K and 573 K. Fracture toughness tests were carried out at 293, 333 and 573 K. Transmission electron microscopy was used to investigate the effects of overaging, subsequent irradiation and the effect of deformation. The results indicate that the overaging treatment of 873 K for I h produced a precipitate microstructure that improved the plastic instability, overall ductility and fracture toughness. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mat Struct & Performance Grp, Richland, WA 99354 USA. Riso Natl Lab, Mat Res Dept, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. VTT Ind Syst, Espoo, Finland. RP Edwards, DJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mat Struct & Performance Grp, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM dan.edwards@pnl.gov NR 7 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 904 EP 909 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.064 PN B PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500002 ER PT J AU Portnykh, IA Kozv, AV Panchenko, VL Chernov, VM Garner, FA AF Portnykh, I. A. Kozv, A. V. Panchenko, V. L. Chernov, V. M. Garner, F. A. TI The mechanism of stress influence on swelling of 20% cold-worked 16Cr15Ni2MoTiMnSi steel SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA AB Argon-pressurized tubes of 20% cold-worked 16Cr15Ni2MoTiMnSi steel were irradiated at hoop stresses of 0, 100 and 200 MPa at similar to 740 K in the BN-600 fast reactor to 108 dpa. Following nondestructive measurements of strain, density measurements and microscopy were conducted, Voids were categorized into three types depending on their association with other microstructural features. Stress enhanced the nucleation of all void types, but nucleation of voids associated with dislocations was increased the most. Swelling increased as a consequence, even though the average size of each type void decreases. Swelling measured by TEM and density change gave identical results. A stress-enhanced void nucleation model is presented to explain these results. It invokes collection and diffusion of helium-vacancy complexes in dislocation cores and intersections to produce void nuclei, followed by stress-induced breakaway of the pinned dislocation to reach new obstacles and initiate the next sequence of helium collection and void nucleation. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 FSUE Inst Nucl Mat, Zarechnyi 624250, Russia. AA Bochvar Inorgan Mat Res Inst, Moscow 123060, Russia. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Portnykh, IA (reprint author), FSUE Inst Nucl Mat, Zarechnyi 624250, Russia. EM Portnykh@uraltc.ru RI Chernov, Vyacheslav/F-1470-2014 NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 925 EP 929 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.257 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500006 ER PT J AU Okita, T Sato, T Sekimura, N Iwai, T Garner, FA AF Okita, T. Sato, T. Sekimura, N. Iwai, T. Garner, F. A. TI The synergistic influence of temperature and displacement rate on microstructural evolution of ion-irradiated Fe-15Cr-16Ni model austenitic alloy SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID CHARGED-PARTICLE; NEUTRON AB An experimental investigation of microstructural evolution has been conducted on Fe-15Cr-16Ni irradiated with 4,0 MeV nickel ions. Irradiations proceeded to dose levels ranging from similar to 0.2 to similar to 17 dpa at temperatures of 300, 400, 500 and 600 degrees C at dpa rates of 1 x 10(-4), 4 x 10(-4) and 1 x 10(-3) dpa/s. The swelling was found to monotonically increase with decreases in dpa rate at every irradiation condition studied. The earliest and most sensitive component of microstructure to both temperature and especially dpa rate was found to be the Frank loops. The second most sensitive component was found to be the void microstructure, which co-evolves with the loop and dislocation microstructure. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Quantum Engn & Syst Sci, Tokyo 1138654, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Nucl Sci & Technol Res Ctr, Tokyo 1138654, Japan. RP Garner, FA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ftank.garner@pni.gov NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 930 EP 934 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.061 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500007 ER PT J AU Neustroev, VS Boev, EV Garner, FA AF Neustroev, V. S. Boev, E. V. Garner, F. A. TI Low-temperature mechanical properties of Fe-0.06C-18Cr-10Ni-0.4Ti austenitic steel determined using ring-pull tensile tests and microhardness measurements SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID YIELD-STRESS; REACTOR AB Irradiated austenitic stainless steels removed from Russian water-cooled VVERs experience irradiation temperatures and He/dpa conditions that are very similar to steels to be used in ITER. Data are presented on the radiation hardening of the Russian analog of AISI 321 at 0.2-15 dpa in the range of 285-320 degrees C. The Russian variant of the ring-pull tensile test was used to obtain mechanical property data. Microhardness tests on the ring specimens provide useful information throughout the deformed regions, but at high hardening levels caution must be exercised before application of a widely accepted hardness-yield stress correlation to prediction of tensile properties. Low-nickel austenitic steels are very prone to form deformation martensite, a phase that increases strongly with the larger deformation levels characteristic of microhardness tests, especially when compared to the 0.2% deformation used to define yield stress. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Res Inst Atom Reactors, Dimitrovgrad, Russia. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Garner, FA (reprint author), Res Inst Atom Reactors, Dimitrovgrad, Russia. EM Frank.garner@pn1.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 935 EP 939 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.052 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500008 ER PT J AU Gilbert, ER Garner, FA AF Gilbert, E. R. Garner, F. A. TI The influence of cold-work level on the irradiation creep and swelling of AISI 316 stainless steel irradiated as pressurized tubes in the EBR-II fast reactor SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID FFTF; PCA AB Pressurized tubes of AISI 316 stainless steel irradiated in the P-1 experiment in the EBR-II fast reactor have been measured to determine the dependence of irradiation-induced strains resulting from plastic deformation, irradiation creep, void swelling and precipitation. It is shown that the Soderberg relation predicting no axial creep strains in biaxially-loaded tubes is correct for both plastic and creep strains. Swelling strains are shown to be isotropically distributed both for stress-free and stress-affected swelling, while precipitation strains are somewhat anisotropic in their distribution. When corrected for stress-enhancement of swelling, the derived irradiation creep strains appear to be identical for both annealed and 20% cold-worked specimens, and also for tubes strained by rise to power increases in pressure. For relatively small creep strains it is often difficult to separate the creep and non-creep components of deformation. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Garner, FA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,M-S P8-15, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM frank.garner@pnl.gov NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 954 EP 959 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.059 PN B PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500011 ER PT J AU Hashimoto, N Byun, TS AF Hashimoto, N. Byun, T. S. TI Deformation-induced martensite formation and dislocation channeling in neutron-irradiated 316 stainless steel SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID STAINLESS-STEEL; LOW-TEMPERATURE; METALS; TRANSFORMATIONS; MICROSTRUCTURE AB The deformed microstructure in 316 stainless steel (316SS) after neutron irradiation in the range of 65-100 degrees C to 0.78 dpa was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Deformation-induced martensite transformation and dislocation channeling were observed at irradiation dose higher than 0.1 dpa. Estimation of the resolved shear stress (RSS) associated with each dislocation channel indicated a tendency for the RSS and channel width to be greatest when the angle between tensile axis and slip plane normal is around 45 degrees. Furthermore, channel width increased with increasing RSS, indicating that the most extensive localized channel deformation tends to occur at a high RSS level. Deformation-induced martensite phase was found at various strain levels even at room temperature and tends to be exhibited mainly at intersections of channels. This suggests that a very high stress could lead to the gamma -> alpha martensite formation by the spreading of a Shockley partial dislocation over successive < 111 >(fcc) planes. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hashimoto, N (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008,BLDG 4500S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hashimoton@ornl.gov RI HASHIMOTO, Naoyuki/D-6366-2012 NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 960 EP 965 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.204 PN B PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500012 ER PT J AU Wu, XL Pan, X Singh, BN Li, MM Stubbins, JF AF Wu, Xianglin Pan, Xiao Singh, Bachu N. Li, Meimei Stubbins, James F. TI Hold-time effects on the fatigue life of CuCrZr alloys for fusion applications SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID HEAT-FLUX APPLICATIONS; COPPER-ALLOYS; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; DISPERSION AB The fatigue and creep-fatigue response of copper alloys is of interest due to the cyclic thermal-mechanical loading processes a fusion first wall will experience during operation. Creep-fatigue experiments were performed on a CuCrZr alloy with an overaged heat treatment at room temperature to determine the effects on fatigue life of a 10 s hold period applied at the maximum tension and compression points in the fatigue loading cycle. The hold period produced a reduction in the number of cycles to failure. This reduction was largest at the lowest strain amplitudes and the longest fatigue lives, the region of most interest for component design. Stress relaxation was observed during the hold periods even at room temperature where thermally-activated creep processes are not expected. The large reduction in fatigue life is apparently due to a change in the crack initiation mode from transgranular with no hold period to intergranular with a hold period. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Nucl Plasma & Radiol Engn, Nucl Engn Lab 214, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Riso Natl Lab, Mat Res Dept, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Stubbins, JF (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Nucl Plasma & Radiol Engn, Nucl Engn Lab 214, 103 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM jstubbin@uiuc.edu NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 984 EP 989 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.055 PN B PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500016 ER PT J AU Maksimkin, OP Tsai, KV Turubarova, LG Doronina, T Garner, FA AF Maksimkin, O. P. Tsai, K. V. Turubarova, L. G. Doronina, T. Garner, F. A. TI Vold swelling of AISI 321 analog stainless steel irradiated at low dpa rates in the BN-350 reactor SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; TEMPERATURE; BOR-60 AB In several recently published studies conducted on a Soviet analog of AISI 321 stainless steel irradiated in either fast reactors or light water reactors, it was shown that the void swelling phenomenon extended to temperatures as low as similar to 300 degrees C or less, when produced by neutron irradiation at dpa rates in the range 10(-7)-10(-8) dpa/s. Other studies yielded similar results for AISI 316 and the Russian analog of AISI 316. In the current study a blanket assembly duct from BN-350, constructed from the Soviet analog of AISI 321, also exhibits swelling at dpa rates on the order of 10(-8) dpa/s, with voids seen as low as 281 degrees C and only 0.65 dpa. It appears that low-temperature swelling occurs at low dpa rates in 300 series stainless steels in general, and also occurs during irradiations conducted in either fast or in mixed spectrum reactors as shown in other studies. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. RP Garner, FA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM frank.garner@pni.gov RI Maksimkin, Oleg/M-8820-2015 NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 990 EP 994 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.170 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500017 ER PT J AU Henager, CH Shin, Y Bium, Y Giannuzzi, LA Kempshall, BW SchwarZ, M AF Henager, C. H., Jr. Shin, Y. Bium, Y. Giannuzzi, L. A. Kempshall, B. W. SchwarZ, M. TI Coatings and joining for SiC and SiC-composites for nuclear energy systems SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID HELIUM GAS-PERMEABILITY; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; SILICON OXYCARBIDES; SICF/SIC COMPOSITES; BLANKET COMPONENT; FUSION-REACTOR; ISSUES; ENVIRONMENTS; OXIDATION; CERAMICS AB Coatings and joining materials for SiC and SiG-based composites for nuclear energy systems are being developed using preceramic polymers filled with reactive and inert powders, and using solid-state reactions. Polymer-filled joints and coatings start with a poly(hydridomethylsiloxane) precursor, such that mixtures of Al/Al2O3/Polymer form a hard oxide coating, coatings made with Al/SiC mixtures form a mixed oxide-carbide coating, while coatings made with SiC/polymer form a porous, hard carbide coating. Joints made from such mixtures have shear strengths range from 15 to 50 MPa depending on the applied pressure and joint composition. The strongest joints were obtained using tape cast ribbons of Si/TiC powders such that a solid state displacement reaction at 1473 K and 1673 K using 30 MPa applied pressure resulted in shear streneths of 50 MPa, which exceeds the shear strength of SiC/SiC composite materials. However, the polymer joints are much easier to apply and could be considered for field repair. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. FEI Co, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. Univ Cent Florida & NanoSpect Inc, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Henager, CH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,MS P8-15, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chuck.henager@pnl.gov OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803 NR 29 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 4 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 1139 EP 1143 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.189 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500045 ER PT J AU Pint, BA Moser, JL Tortorelli, PF AF Pint, B. A. Moser, J. L. Tortorelli, P. F. TI Investigation of Pb-Li compatibility issues for the dual coolant blanket concept SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID ALUMINIDE COATINGS; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; FUSION-REACTORS; PB-17LI; LITHIUM; METALS; STEEL; ALLOY AB one proposed blanket concept uses advanced ferritic alloys and a SiC/SiC composite flow channel insert with both Pb-17 at.%Li and He coolants. As the first step in determining the long-term compatibility of SiC/SiC in Pb-Li, specimens of high-purity, chemical vapor deposited (CVD) SiC were exposed in capsules for up to 5000 h at 800 degrees C and 1000 h at 1200 degrees C. Dissolved Si was detected in the Pb-Li after the highest temperature exposures suggesting that SiC may be limited to < 1100 degrees C in Pb-Li. Aluminide coatings are being considered for corrosion resistant coatings for the tubing between the first wall and the heat exchanger. Initial results indicate that, in Pb-Li at 700 degrees C, FeCrAl, Fe3Al and NiAl form a protective alumina layer which reduces dissolution compared to type 316 stainless steel. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pint, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pintba@ornl.gov RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008; Tortorelli, Peter/E-2433-2011 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335; NR 21 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 1150 EP 1154 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.206 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500047 ER PT J AU Pint, BA Moser, JL Jankowski, A Hayes, J AF Pint, B. A. Moser, J. L. Jankowski, A. Hayes, J. TI Compatibility of multi-layer, electrically insulating coatings for vanadium-lithium blankets SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID LIQUID-METAL BLANKETS; RECENT PROGRESS; COOLED BLANKETS; HEAT-TRANSFER; ALLOYS; FUSION; MHD; ISSUES; ENVIRONMENTS; CORROSION AB The objective of this work is to demonstrate that a multi-layer, electrically insulating coating will acceptably reduce the magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) pressure losses in a lithium-cooled blanket. Coatings of Er2O3 or Y2O3 with an overlying coating of vanadium have been fabricated by physical vapor deposition. Coatings have demonstrated acceptable as received resistivity at 800 degrees C in vacuum and at 600 degrees C in contact with Li. When the Y2O3 coating was completely covered with a 10 mu m vanadium layer, it survived exposure to Li for 100 h at 800 degrees C without degradation. The interaction between V alloys and Li at <= 800 degrees C is now the critical compatibility issue and a loop test is being constructed. New ceramic materials based on the Y-Ti-O system also are being explored. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Pint, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pintba@ornl.gov RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335 NR 27 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 1165 EP 1169 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.208 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500050 ER PT J AU Fukada, S Simpson, MF Anderl, RA Sharpe, JP Katayama, K Smolik, GR Oya, Y Terai, T Okuno, K Hara, M Petti, DA Tanaka, S Sze, DK Sagara, A AF Fukada, S. Simpson, M. F. Anderl, R. A. Sharpe, J. P. Katayama, K. Smolik, G. R. Oya, Y. Terai, T. Okuno, K. Hara, M. Petti, D. A. Tanaka, S. Sze, D.-K. Sagara, A. TI Reaction rate of beryllium with fluorine ion for Flibe redox control SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID MOLTEN-SALT FLIBE; HYDROGEN-FLUORIDE; TRITIUM; BLANKET; SOLUBILITIES; DEUTERIUM; BEHAVIOR; BREEDER; LI2BEF4 AB An experimental effort to apply Flibe (a mixed molten salt of 2LiF + BeF2) to a self-cooled liquid blanket of a fusion reactor was carried out under a Japan-US collaboration called JUPITER-II. Maintaining Flibe under a reducing atmosphere is a key issue to transform TF to T-2 with a faster reaction rate compared with the residence time in blanket. One of the tasks was to clarify whether or not the redox control of Flibe can be achieved with Be. The dissolution rate of a Be rod and the reaction rate of Be + 2HF = BeF2 + H, in Flibe were experimentally determined. Sufficiently fast rates of the Be dissolution and the reduction reaction of HF to H, were clarified by our redox control experiment. Close agreement was obtained between experiments and our simplified complete-mixing model. In particular, the reaction between Be and a F(-)ion immediately after their contact was found to be limited by diffusion of the F- ion. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Kyushu Univ, Higashi Ku, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. Shizuoka Univ, Shizuoka 4228529, Japan. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Coll, San Diego, CA USA. Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan. Toyama Univ, Toyama 9308555, Japan. RP Fukada, S (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, Higashi Ku, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan. EM sfukada@nucl.kyushu-u.ac.jp NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 1190 EP 1196 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.218 PN B PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500055 ER PT J AU Bekris, N Coad, JP Skinner, CH Gentile, CA Damm, E Nagele, W AF Bekris, N. Coad, J. P. Skinner, C. H. Gentile, C. A. Damm, E. Naegele, W. TI Thermal release rate of tritium trapped in bulk and plasma exposed surfaces of carbon specimens obtained from JET divertor SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID 1ST WALL; TILES; PROFILES; TFTR AB Tritium co-deposition with carbon in the colder remote areas of the JET vessel immobilises a substantial amount of the fuel and increases the tritium inventory of the machine. A well defined physical or chemical description of these co-deposits is still not available. Therefore they are reported in the literature as a carbonaccous amorphous C:H layer, and unfortunately sometimes as a 'diamond-like film' referring to their SP3 hybridisation. From the present study it appears that the gas-solid reactions taking place during the thermal treatment of carbon samples involves various tritiated hydrocarbon species having one or two carbon atoms in their structure like methyl (-CH3) or ethyl (-CH2CH3), having practically all bonds saturated with heavier hydrogen isotopes. The thermal response of the samples was also investigated by laser irradiation. During the laser scans the co-deposited layers reach high temperatures, sometimes exceeding 2300 degrees C, releasing all co-deposited tritium to the gas phase. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 EURATOM, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Tritium Lab, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EURATOM, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Bekris, N (reprint author), EURATOM, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Tritium Lab, Bau 451,Postfach 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RI Bekris Dr, Nicolas/F-9104-2014 OI Bekris Dr, Nicolas/0000-0003-3621-9082 NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 1254 EP 1259 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.254 PN B PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500067 ER PT J AU Wong, CPC Chernov, V Kimura, A Katoh, Y Morley, N Muroga, T Song, KW Wu, YC Zmitko, M AF Wong, C. P. C. Chernov, V. Kimura, A. Katoh, Y. Morley, N. Muroga, T. Song, K. W. Wu, Y. C. Zmitko, M. TI ITER-Test blanket module functional materials SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID SILICON-CARBIDE COMPOSITES; LIQUID LITHIUM; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; TRITIUM PERMEATION; INSULATOR COATINGS; IRRADIATION; TEMPERATURE; STABILITY; FUSION; STEEL AB Solid breeder and liquid breeder blanket concepts are being developed for testing in ITER. In addition to fundamental investigations on the use of reduced activation ferritic/ferritic-martensitic steels (RAFMS) or V-alloys as the structural material, tritium breeder and neutron multiplier materials, and corresponding corrosion issues, there are three classes of functional materials being developed. Performance of these functional materials will significantly impact the performance of respective blanket concepts. Two classes of materials are related to the self-cooled liquid breeder design concepts. The first class is MHD coatings for the self-cooled Li breeder concepts. The second class is for flow channel inserts (FCI) for the dual coolant PbLi concepts. The third class of functional material is tritium permeation barrier material commonly needed for solid and liquid breeder blanket concepts. A description and the development status of these functional materials are described in this paper. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. AA Bochvar Inorgan Mat Res Inst, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Kyoto, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki, Japan. Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Yuseong, South Korea. Inst Plasma Res, Hefei, CAS, Peoples R China. EFDA, Close Support Unit, Garching, Germany. RP Wong, CPC (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, MS 13-254,POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM wongc@fusion.gat.com RI Chernov, Vyacheslav/F-1470-2014; OI Katoh, Yutai/0000-0001-9494-5862 NR 41 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 5 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 1287 EP 1292 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.241 PN B PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500072 ER PT J AU Nygren, RE Youchison, DL Hollis, KJ AF Nygren, R. E. Youchison, D. L. Hollis, K. J. TI Features of plasma sprayed beryllium armor for the ITER first wall SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA AB Two water-cooled mockups with CuCrZr heat sinks and plasma sprayed beryllium (PS Be) armor, 5 and 10 mm thick respectively. were fabricated at Los Alamos National Laboratory and thermally cycled at Sandia at 1 and 2 MW/m(2). The castellated surface of the CuCrZr mechanically locked the armor. The resulting PS Be morphology controlled cracking during thermal cycling. Post test examinations showed transverse cracks perpendicular to the surface of the armor that would relieve thermal stresses but not degrade heat transfer. The mockups and two others previously produced for the European Fusion Development Agreement had somewhat porous armor, with a thermal conductivity estimated to be about 1/4 that of fully dense beryllium, due to the low (600-650 degrees C) substrate temperature during deposition specifically requested by EFDA to avoid subsequent heat treating of CuCrZr. Some melting of the armor was expected and observed in the tests. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Nygren, RE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1129, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM renygre@sandia.gov OI Youchison, Dennis/0000-0002-7366-1710 NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 1325 EP 1329 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.244 PN B PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500078 ER PT J AU Zucchetti, M El-Guebaly, LA Forrest, RA Marshall, TD Taylor, NP Tobita, K AF Zucchetti, M. El-Guebaly, L. A. Forrest, R. A. Marshall, T. D. Taylor, N. P. Tobita, K. TI The feasibility of recycling and clearance of active materials from fusion power plants SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID WASTE MANAGEMENT; DESIGNS; ISSUES AB In order to minimize the quantity of active materials that require long-term storage, arising during operation and after fusion power plant decommissioning, maximum use should be made of both recycling within the nuclear industry and clearance. For the latter, revised limits have been recently issued at the international level and in the US and Europe. In this paper the implications for fusion materials of these new levels are considered. Concerning recycling, power plant studies have employed criteria based solely on radiological parameters. Reviews of remote procedures currently used within the nuclear industry suggest that these criteria have been unduly conservative and should be revised. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Politecn Torino, DENER, EURATOM, ENEA Fus Assoc, I-10129 Turin, Italy. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon, Oxon, England. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Zucchetti, M (reprint author), Politecn Torino, DENER, EURATOM, ENEA Fus Assoc, Corso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy. EM massimo.zucchetti@polito.it RI Zucchetti, Massimo/P-9229-2016 OI Zucchetti, Massimo/0000-0003-4457-3321 NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 1355 EP 1360 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.03.248 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500083 ER PT J AU Linke, J Escourbiac, F Mazul, IV Nygren, R Rodig, M Schlosser, J Suzuki, S AF Linke, J. Escourbiac, F. Mazul, I. V. Nygren, R. Roedig, M. Schlosser, J. Suzuki, S. TI High heat flux testing of plasma facing materials and components - Status and perspectives for ITER related activities SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID INTERACTION ISSUES; DIVERTOR; EDGE; ELMS; TUBE AB A broad spectrum of high heat flux test facilities are being used worldwide to investigate the thermal response of plasma facing materials and components to fusion relevant thermal loads. These tests cover both normal operation scenarios with cyclic thermal loads and power densities in the range of several MW m(-2) and transient heat load tests to simulate short events such as edge localized modes, plasma disruptions and vertical displacement events. There is an urgent need for reliable quality control methods and non-destructive analyses during the procurement phase of ITER; most of these techniques are based on heat flux methods. To quantify irradiation induced property changes and to evaluate the overall performance of neutron irradiated components, miniaturized plasma facing components have been irradiated in fission reactors and post-irradiation tested. Furthermore, in-pile tests have been carried out in order to study the synergetic effects of heat loads and neutron loads. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, EURATOM Assoc, D-52425 Julich, Germany. DV Efremov Sci Res Inst Electrophys Apparatus, St Petersburg 189631, Russia. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. CEN Cadarache, Commiss Energie Atom, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. JAEA, Dept Thermonucl Fus Res, Naka, Ibaraki 31101, Japan. RP Linke, J (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, EURATOM Assoc, Postfach 1913,IEF-2, D-52425 Julich, Germany. EM j.linke@fz-juelich.de NR 17 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 1422 EP 1431 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.04.028 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500095 ER PT J AU Kunz, CL Causey, RA Clift, M Wampler, WR Cowgill, DF AF Kunz, C. L. Causey, R. A. Clift, M. Wampler, W. R. Cowgill, D. F. TI Removal of the codeposited carbon layer using He-O glow discharge SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID PLASMA-FACING COMPONENTS; TOKAMAK; FILMS; TILES; TFTR; HYDROGEN AB In this study we examine the combination of a He-O glow discharge with heating as a possible technique to remove deuterium from TFTR tiles. Samples were cut from a relatively large area containing a uniform codeposited layer of deuterium and carbon. Auger/SEM was used to generate micrographs of each of the samples. The samples were also examined using Rutherford backscattering to determine the near surface composition. Individual samples were then exposed to a He-O glow discharge while being heated. After the exposure, the samples were returned for Auger/SEM and RBS of the same areas examined prior to the exposure. Comparing the samples before and after exposure revealed that the amount of the codeposited layer removed was significantly less than I pm. Removal rates this low would suggest that He-O glow discharge with heating is insufficient to remove the thick layers predicted for ITER in a timely fashion. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kunz, CL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM clkunz@sandia.gov NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 1512 EP 1515 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.04.013 PN B PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500112 ER PT J AU Cabellos, O Sanz, J Garcia-Herranz, N Diaz, S Reyes, S Piedloup, S AF Cabellos, O. Sanz, J. Garcia-Herranz, N. Diaz, S. Reyes, S. Piedloup, S. TI Transmutation analysis of realistic low-activation steels for magnetic fusion reactors and IFMIF SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-12) CY DEC 07-12, 2005 CL Santa Barbara, CA ID POWER AB A comprehensive transmutation study has been performed for steels considered in the selection of structural materials for magnetic and inertial fusion reactors for the international fusion materials irradiation facility (IFMIF) neutron irradiation environment, as well as in the international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) and a fusion demonstration reactor (DEMO) for comparison purposes. An element-by-element transmutation approach is used in the study, addressing the generation of: (1) H and He and (2) solid transmutants. The IEAF-2001 activation library and the activation code ACAB were applied in the IFMIF transmutation analysis, after proving the applicability of ACAB for transmutation calculations in intermediate energy systems. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Politecn Madrid, Inst Nucl Fus, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. Univ Nacl Educ Distancia, Dept Power Engn, Madrid, Spain. UPM, Dept Nucl Engn, Madrid, Spain. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. ENSTA, Paris, France. RP Cabellos, O (reprint author), Univ Politecn Madrid, Inst Nucl Fus, C Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. EM cabellos@din.upm.es RI Garcia-Herranz, Nuria/H-9963-2015 OI Garcia-Herranz, Nuria/0000-0002-0760-2974 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 367 BP 1562 EP 1567 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.04.023 PN B PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 204ZW UT WOS:000249083500121 ER PT J AU DeNardo, GL Natarajan, A Hok, S Perkins, J Cosman, M DeNardo, SJ Lightstone, FC Mirick, GR Miers, LA Balhorn, RL AF DeNardo, Gerald L. Natarajan, Arutselvan Hok, Saphon Perkins, Julie Cosman, Monique DeNardo, Sally J. Lightstone, Felice C. Mirick, Gary R. Miers, Laird A. Balhorn, Rodney L. TI Pharmacokinetic characterization in xenografted mice of a series of first-generation mimics for HLA-DR antibody, Lym-1, as carrier molecules to image and treat lymphoma SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE antibody; lymphoma; PET; imaging; therapy ID NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; HIGH-AFFINITY LIGANDS; RELAPSED LOW-GRADE; PHASE-II TRIAL; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; FRACTIONATED RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY; I-131-LYM-1 ANTIBODY; BIODISTRIBUTION; TOXICITY; PROTEINS AB Despite their large size, antibodies (Abs) are suitable carriers to deliver systemic radiotherapy, often molecular image-based, for lymphoma and leukemia. Lym-1 Ab has proven to be an effective radioisotope carrier, even in small amounts, for targeting human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR), a surface membrane protein overexpressed on B-cell lymphoma. Pairs of molecules (referred to as ligands), shown by computational and experimental methods to bind to each of 2 sites within the Lym-1 epitopic region, have been linked to generate small (<2 kDa) molecules (referred to as selective high-affinity ligands [SHALs]) to mimic the targeting properties of Lym-1 Ab. Methods: A lysine-polyethylene glycol (PEG) backbone was used to synthetically link 2 of the following ligands: deoxycholate, 5-leuenkephalin, triiodothyronine, thyronine, dabsyl-L-valine, and N-benzoyl-L-arginyl-4amino-benzoic acid to generate a series of 13 bidentate SHALs with a biotin or 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-NN',N '',N'''-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) chelate attached to the linker. These SHALs have been assessed for their selectivity in binding to HLA-DR10-expressing cells and for their pharmacokinetics and tissue biodistribution in mice. Biotinylated versions of these SHALs discriminated cell lines positive for HLA-DR10 expression with near-nanomolar affinity. The DOTA versions of 4 SHALs were labeled with In-111 for pharmacokinetic studies in mice with HLA-DR10-expressing malignant Raji xenografts. Results: The bidentate, biotinylated, and DOTA-SHALs were synthesized in high-purity, multimilligram amounts. Mean radiochemical and product yields and purities were 90%, 75%, and 90% at mean specific activities of 3.9 MBq/mu g (105 mu Ci/mu g) for the In-111-labeled SHALs. As expected, rapid blood clearance and tumor targeting were observed. The pharmacokinetics of the SHALs was influenced by the component ligands. Biliary clearance, kidney localization, and serum receptor binding contributed to less favorable tumor targeting. Conclusion: A series of SHALs was readily synthesized in multimilligram amounts and showed the expected selective binding in vitro. Better selection of the SHAL components should provide second-generation SHALs with improved properties to fulfill the substantial potential of these novel molecular carriers for targeting. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Canc, Sacramento, CA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP DeNardo, GL (reprint author), Mol Canc Inst, 1508 Alhambra Blvd,Room 3100, Sacramento, CA 95816 USA. EM gldenardo@ucdavis.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [P01-CA47829] NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 48 IS 8 BP 1338 EP 1347 DI 10.2967/jnumed.107.041095 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 197VJ UT WOS:000248584300032 PM 17631545 ER PT J AU Blade, LM Yencken, MS Wallace, ME Catalano, JD Khan, A Topmiller, JL Shulman, SA Martinez, A Crouch, KG Bennett, JS AF Blade, L. M. Yencken, M. Story Wallace, M. E. Catalano, J. D. Khan, A. Topmiller, J. L. Shulman, S. A. Martinez, A. Crouch, K. G. Bennett, J. S. TI Hexavalent chromium exposures and exposure-control technologies in American enterprise: Results of a NIOSH field research study SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE chromium; engineering controls; exposure assessment; exposure controls; field study; hexavalent chromium AB The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted 21 field surveys it selected industries to characterize workers' exposures to hexavalent chromium-containing airborne particulate and to evaluate existing technologies for controlling these exposures. Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is a respiratory irritant and chronic inhalation may cause lung cancer. Primary evaluation methods included collection of full work shift, personal breathing-zone (PBZ) air samples for Cr(VI), measurement of ventilation system parameters, and documentation of processes and work practices. This study emphasized evaluation of engineering exposure control measures, so PBZ exposures were measured on the outside of personal protective equipment, for example, respirators. Field surveys were conducted in two chromium electroplating facilities, including one where full-shift PBZ exposures to Cr(VI) ranged from 3.0 to 16 times the 1 mu g/m(3) NIOSH recommended exposure limit (REL) despite several engineering controls on the plating tanks. At a painting and coating facility that used Cr(VI)-containing products, full-shift exposures of painters and helpers (2.4 to 55 mu g/m(3)) exceeded the REL, but LEV effectiveness was limited. Other operations evaluated included welding in construction; metal cutting operations on chromium-containing materials in ship breaking; chromate-paint removal with abrasive blasting; atomized alloy-spray coating; foundry operations; printing; and the manufacture of refractory brick, colored glass, prefabricated concrete products, and treated wood products. NIOSH researchers concluded that, in many of the evaluated processes, Cr(VI) exposures at or below the current NIOSH REL are achievable. However, for some processes, it is nuclear whether controlling exposures to this range is consistently achievable without respirator use. Some operations involving the application of coatings and finishes may be among those most difficult to control to this range. Most operations judged to be moderately difficult to control to this range involve joining and cutting metals with relatively high chromium content. Nonetheless, exposures in a wide variety of other processes were judged more easily controllable to the current REL or below, or were found to be minimal, including some operations meeting the general descriptions named above but with different specific operating parameters producing lower Cr(VI) exposures. C1 NIOSH, CDC, DARTEPHB, Robert A Taft Labs, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. Battelle Ctr Publ Hlth Res, Seattle, WA USA. Battelle Ctr Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Blade, LM (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, DARTEPHB, Robert A Taft Labs, MS-R5,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM lmbl@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 4 IS 8 BP 596 EP 618 DI 10.1080/15459620701463183 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 190TO UT WOS:000248083700007 PM 17577750 ER PT J AU Vesper, S McKinstry, C Haugland, R Wymer, L Bradham, K Ashley, P Cox, D Dewalt, G Friedman, W AF Vesper, Stephen McKinstry, Craig Haugland, Richard Wymer, Larry Bradham, Karen Ashley, Peter Cox, David Dewalt, Gray Friedman, Warren TI Development of an environmental relative moldiness index for US homes SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE PCR ANALYSIS; AIRBORNE FUNGI; OUTDOOR AIR; ASTHMA; PROPAGULES; BUILDINGS; DUSTBORNE; CHILDREN; WATER; DUST AB Objective: The objective of this study, was to establish a national relative moldiness index for homes in the United States. Methods: As part of the Housing and Urban Development's American Healthy Homes Survey, dust samples were collected by vacuuming 2 m(2) in the bedrooms plus 2 m(2) in the living rooms from a nationally, representative 1096 homes in the United States using the Mitest sampler. Five milligrams of sieved (300 mu m pore, nylon mesh) dust was analyzed by mold-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction for the 36 indicator species in 1096 samples. Results: On the basis of this standardized national sampling and analysis, an "Environmental Relative Moldiness Index" was created with values ranging from about -10 to 20 or above (lowest to highest). vi Conclusions: The Environmental Relative Moldiness Index scale may be useful for home mold-burden estimates in epidemiological studies. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. Dept Housing & Urban Dev, Washington, DC USA. Quan Tech, Arlington, VA USA. RP Vesper, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W ML King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM vesper.stephen@epa.gov NR 19 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 3 U2 17 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 49 IS 8 BP 829 EP 833 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181255e98 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 200OF UT WOS:000248772000002 PM 17693779 ER PT J AU Gorbarenko, SA Goldberg, EL Kashgarian, M Velivetskaya, TA Zakharkov, SP Pechnikov, VS Bosin, AA Psheneva, OY Ivanova, ED AF Gorbarenko, Sergey Alexandrovich Goldberg, Evgenia L'vovich Kashgarian, Michaele Velivetskaya, Tat'yana Alekseevna Zakharkov, Sergey Petrovich Pechnikov, Vladimir Stepanovich Bosin, Alexandr Anatol'evich Psheneva, Olga Yur'evna Ivanova, Elena Diamilevna TI Millennium scale environment changes of the Okhotsk sea during last 80 kyr and their phase relationship with global climate changes SO JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Okhotsk Sea; productivity; climate; millennial scale regional and global changes; synchronicity ID SANTA-BARBARA BASIN; GREENLAND ICE-CORE; NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC; BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA; NORTH-ATLANTIC; PALEONTOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; PLANKTONIC-FORAMINIFERA; QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS; RAPID-DETERMINATION; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN AB The paper presents the records of several paleoproductivity proxies (PP) (biogenic opal and Ba (Si_bio, Ba_bio), organic carbon (C_org) and carbonate Ca_carb, chlorin and benthic foraminifera abundance (BFA)) in sediments of the Okhotsk Sea for the last 80 kyr with a resolution of similar to 100-300 years. The sediment age model was based on the AMS 14 C data, records of benthic foraminifera 3180, paleointensity of the Earth's geomagnetic field and magnetic susceptibility. PP values demonstrate series of severe prolonged productivity drops in the Okhotsk Sea followed by a sharp increase during the last glaciation. On the basis of quantitative estimations of the paleoproductivity in the Okhotsk Sea during the cold MIS 2 and warm Holocene (Gorbarenko and Goldberg, 2005), it is suggested that the millennium scale relationship in productivity-climate changes of this basin was similar: an increase in the sea's productivity was related with regional climate warming and vice-versa. The PP records of productivity/climate oscillations in the Okhotsk Sea during MIS 2-4 occurred contemporaneously with the North Atlantic cold Heinrich events (HE) and Greenland Dansgaard-Oyeshger interstadial (DOI). Observed successions of prolonged climate cooling events followed by rapid, abrupt warming are similar to climate and environmental oscillations in the N. Atlantic and Greenland, that confirms the millennium-scale climate changes synchronicities in the Northern Hemisphere including the far NW Pacific, the hydrology and climate conditions of which are close to those of the Okhotsk Sea. Synchronism of the N. Hemisphere severe cooling (including the Okhotsk Sea) with the Antarctic warming suggests that mechanisms of the "seesaw" effect (Blunier and Brook, 2001) in the low latitude heat redistribution between high latitudes of both hemispheres were more complicated than direct NADW formation forcing and encompasses the global atmospheric reorganization. Within the PP used a closer connection in the Okhotsk Sea millennium oscillations was observed for the C_org, BFA and chlorin; Ba_bio increases more closely to DOI. Si_bio variability does not show any evident correlation with productivity changes. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Pacific Oceanol Inst, Far E Div, Vladivostok 690041, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Limnol, Siberian Branch, Irkutsk, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr AMS, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Far E Geol Inst, Far E Div, Vladivostok 690022, Russia. Far Eastern State Univ, Vladivostok, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, Far E Div, Pacific Inst Geog, Vladivostok 690041, Russia. RP Gorbarenko, SA (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Pacific Oceanol Inst, Far E Div, Baltiyskaya Str 43, Vladivostok 690041, Russia. EM gorbarenko@poi.dvo.ru RI Kashgarian, Michaele/E-1665-2011; OI Kashgarian, Michaele/0000-0001-7824-8418; Bosin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-3994-2623 NR 81 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PI TOKYO PA 2003 SANSEI JIYUGAOKA HAIMU, 5-27-19 OKUSAWA, SETAGAYA-KU, TOKYO, 158-0083, JAPAN SN 0916-8370 J9 J OCEANOGR JI J. Oceanogr. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 63 IS 4 BP 609 EP 623 DI 10.1007/s10872-007-0054-1 PG 15 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 184LO UT WOS:000247643100006 ER PT J AU Zhang, XH Freschl, JL Schopf, JM AF Zhang, Xuehai Freschl, Jeffrey L. Schopf, Jennifer M. TI Scalability analysis of three monitoring and information systems: MDS2, R-GMA, and Hawkeye SO JOURNAL OF PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE distributed systems; Grid performance study; monitoring and information systems; performance analysis ID SEARCH ENGINE AB Monitoring and information system (MIS) implementations provide data about available resources and services within a distributed system, or Grid. A comprehensive performance evaluation of an MIS can aid in detecting potential bottlenecks, advise in deployment, and help improve future system development. In this paper, we analyze and compare the performance of three implementations in a quantitative manner: the Globus Toolkit((R)) Monitoring and Discovery Service (MDS2), the European DataGrid Relational Grid Monitoring Architecture (R-GMA), and the Condor project's Hawkeye. We use the NetLogger toolkit to instrument the main service components of each MIS and conduct four sets of experiments to benchmark their scalability with respect to the number of users, the number of resources, and the amount of data collected. Our study provides quantitative measurements comparable across all systems. We also find performance bottlenecks and identify how they relate to the design goals, underlying architectures, and implementation technologies of the corresponding MIS, and we present guidelines for deploying MISs in practice. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Comp Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schopf, JM (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM hai@cs.uchicago.edu; jfreschl@cs.wisc.edu; jms@mcs.anl.gov NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0743-7315 J9 J PARALLEL DISTR COM JI J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 67 IS 8 BP 883 EP 902 DI 10.1016/j.jpdc.2007.03.006 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 199JF UT WOS:000248691300001 ER PT J AU Zhu, MX Wu, QS Rao, NS Iyengar, S AF Zhu, Mengxia Wu, Qishi Rao, Nageswara S. V. Iyengar, Sitharama TI Optimal pipeline decomposition and adaptive network mapping to support distributed remote visualization SO JOURNAL OF PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE remote visualization; distributed computing; visualization pipeline; bandwidth measurement; dynamic programming; network mapping AB This paper discusses algorithmic and implementation aspects of a distributed remote visualization system that optimally decomposes and adaptively maps the visualization pipeline to a wide-area shared or dedicated network. The first node of the system typically generates or stores raw data sets, and a remote client resides on the last node equipped with a display device ranging from a personal desktop to a powerwall. Intermediate nodes include workstations, clusters, or rendering engines, which can be located anywhere on the network. We employ a regression method to estimate the effective bandwidth of a transport path. Based on link measurements, node characteristics, and module properties, we strategically organize visualization pipeline modules into groups and dynamically assign the groups to various network nodes to achieve minimal total delay or maximal frame rate. We propose polynomial-time algorithms using the dynamic programming method to compute optimal solutions for the problems of pipeline decomposition and network mapping under different constraint conditions. The proposed remote visualization system is implemented and deployed at several geographically distributed nodes for experimental testing. The proposed decomposition and mapping scheme is generic and can be applied to other distributed applications whose computing components form a linear arrangement. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Memphis, Dept Comp Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. So Illinois Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Wu, QS (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Dept Comp Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. EM mengxia@cs.siu.edu; qishiwu@memphis.edu; raons@ornl.gov; iyengar@bit.csc.Isu.edu OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0743-7315 J9 J PARALLEL DISTR COM JI J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 67 IS 8 BP 947 EP 956 DI 10.1016/j.jpdc.2007.04.007 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 199JF UT WOS:000248691300005 ER PT J AU Ahmadi, G Ji, C Smith, DH AF Ahmadi, Goodarz Ji, Chuang Smith, Duane H. TI Natural gas production from hydrate dissociation: An axisymmetric model SO JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE hydrate; natural gas production; hydrate dissociation; numerical model ID POROUS-MEDIA; DECOMPOSITION; RESERVOIR; WELL AB This paper describes an axisymmetric model for natural gas production from the dissociation of methane hydrate in a confined reservoir by a depressurizing well. During the hydrate dissociation, heat and mass transfer in the reservoir are analyzed. The system of governing equations is solved by a finite difference scheme. For different well pressures and reservoir temperatures, distributions of temperature and pressure in the reservoir, as well as the natural gas production from the well are evaluated. The numerical results are compared with those obtained by a linearization method. It is shown that the gas production rate is a sensitive function of well pressure. The simulation results are compared with the linearization approach and the shortcomings of the earlier approach are discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. Natl Energy Technol Lab, Dept Energy, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Ahmadi, G (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. EM ahmadi@clarkson.edu; cji@marshbellofram.com; Duane.Smith@netl.doe.gov NR 23 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-4105 J9 J PETROL SCI ENG JI J. Pet. Sci. Eng. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 58 IS 1-2 BP 245 EP 258 DI 10.1016/j.petrol.2007.01.001 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 202SR UT WOS:000248924300019 ER PT J AU Li, YW Montano, PA Barbiellini, B Mijnarends, PE Kaprzyk, S Bansil, A AF Li, Yinwan Montano, P. A. Barbiellini, B. Mijnarends, P. E. Kaprzyk, S. Bansil, A. TI Spin moment over 10-300 K and delocalization of magnetic electrons above the Verwey transition in magnetite SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE magnetic materials; ab initio calculations; phase transitions ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE PHASE; FE3O4; POINT AB In order to probe the magnetic ground state, we have carried out temperature-dependent magnetic Compton scattering experiments on an oriented single crystal of magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)), together with the corresponding first-principles band theory computations to gain insight into the measurements. An accurate value of the magnetic moment mu(S) associated with unpaired spins is obtained directly over the temperature range of 10-300 K. its is found to be non-integral and to display an anomalous behavior with the direction of the external magnetic field near the Verwey transition. These results reveal how the magnetic properties enter the Verwey energy scale via spin-orbit coupling and the geometrical frustration of the spinel structure, even though the Curie temperature of magnetite is in excess of 800 K. The anisotropy of the magnetic Compton profiles increases through the Verwey temperature T, and indicates that magnetic electrons in the ground state of magnetite become delocalized on Fe B-sites above T,. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. US DOE, Sci User Facilit Div, Washington, DC 20585 USA. Delft Univ Technol, Fac Sci Appl, Dept Radiat Radionuclides & Reactors, Delft, Netherlands. Acad Min & Met, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RP Barbiellini, B (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM bba@neu.edu RI Barbiellini, Bernardo/K-3619-2015 OI Barbiellini, Bernardo/0000-0002-3309-1362 NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD AUG PY 2007 VL 68 IS 8 BP 1556 EP 1560 DI 10.1016/j.jpcs.2007.03.037 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 201YH UT WOS:000248868000015 ER PT J AU Bauchle, B Cheng, Y Csernai, LP Magas, VK Strottman, DD Van, P Zetenyi, M AF Bauchle, Bjorn Cheng, Yun Csernai, Laszlo P. Magas, Volodymyr K. Strottman, Daniel D. Van, Peter Zetenyi, Miklos TI Fluid dynamics as a diagnostic tool for heavy-ion collisions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID 3RD FLOW COMPONENT; QGP SIGNAL; HYDRODYNAMICS; MODEL AB Ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at an energy root(NN)-N-s = 65 GeV are studied in a three-dimensional fluid dynamical model. The results of a hydrodynamical evolution using the PIC-method are shown. The importance and diagnostic value of a proper reaction plane determination is emphasized, and the time development of collective observables is presented. C1 Univ Bergen, Dept Phys, Sect Theoret Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Barcelona, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87454 USA. RP Bauchle, B (reprint author), Univ Bergen, Dept Phys, Sect Theoret Phys, Allegaten 55, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. EM baeuchle@th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de; csernai@ift.uib.no RI Zetenyi, Miklos/A-6588-2013; Magas, Volodymyr/J-8599-2016; Van, Peter/F-8579-2010 OI Zetenyi, Miklos/0000-0003-2370-5612; Magas, Volodymyr/0000-0003-3701-8362; Van, Peter/0000-0002-9396-4073 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S1077 EP S1081 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S160 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400161 ER PT J AU Blyth, SL AF Blyth, Sarah-Louise CA STAR Collaboration TI Centrality dependence of the N(Omega)/N(phi) ratios and phi v(2) - a test of thermalization in Au plus Au collisions at RHIC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; MESON PRODUCTION AB We present the centrality dependence of the N( Omega)/ N( phi) ratios and phi upsilon(2) measured in Au+Au collisions at v root(NN)-N-S = 200 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The results are compared to measurements of other identified particles and recombination model expectations in order to gain insight into the partonic collectivity and possible thermalization of the produced medium. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Blyth, SL (reprint author), Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, ZA-7708 Rondebosch, South Africa. EM slblyth@lbl.gov NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S933 EP S936 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S129 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400130 ER PT J AU Casalderrey-Solana, J AF Casalderrey-Solana, J. TI Mach cones in quark gluon plasma SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID ENERGY; FLOW AB The experimental azimuthal dihadron distributions at RHIC show a double peak structure in the away side (Delta phi = pi +/- 1.2 rad) for intermediate p(t) particles. A variety of models have appeared trying to describe this modification. We will review most of them, with special emphasis on the conical flow scenario in which the observed shape is a consequence of the emission of sound by a supersonic high momentum particle propagating in the quark gluon plasma. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Casalderrey-Solana, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JCasalderrey-Solana@lbl.gov OI Casalderrey Solana, Jorge/0000-0002-5241-0154 NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S345 EP S352 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S21 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400022 ER PT J AU Fries, RJ AF Fries, Rainer J. TI Early time evolution of high-energy heavy-ion collisions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; DENSITY; NUCLEUS; GLASMA; QCD AB We solve the Yang - Mills equations in the framework of the McLerran - Venugopalan model for small times tau after a collision of two nuclei. An analytic expansion around tau = 0 leads to explicit results for the field strength and the energy - momentum tensor of the gluon field at early times. We then discuss constraints for the energy density, pressure and flow of the plasma phase that emerges after thermalization of the gluon field. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fries, RJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM rjfries@comp.tamu.edu NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S851 EP S854 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S111 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400112 ER PT J AU Fujii, H Gelis, F Venugopalan, R AF Fujii, H. Gelis, F. Venugopalan, R. TI Heavy flavour production in pA collisions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; Q(Q)OVER-BAR BOUND-STATE; OPEN CHARM PRODUCTION; LARGE NUCLEI; QUARK AB Heavy-quark production in high-energy proton-nucleus (pA) collisions is described in the framework of the colour glass condensate. k(perpendicular to) factorization is broken even at leading order albeit a more general factorization in pA holds at this order in terms of two-, three- and four-point correlators of Wilson lines in the nuclear target. The x-evolution of these correlators is computed in the large A and large N mean-field limit of the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation. We show results for heavy-quark production at RHIC and LHC energies. C1 Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys, Tokyo 1538902, Japan. CEA DSM SPhT Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fujii, H (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys, Tokyo 1538902, Japan. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S937 EP S941 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S130 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400131 ER PT J AU Hirano, T Heinz, U Kharzeev, D Lacey, R Nara, Y AF Hirano, T. Heinz, U. Kharzeev, D. Lacey, R. Nara, Y. TI Elliptic flow from a hybrid CGC, full 3D hydro and hadronic cascade model SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID COLLISIONS; COLLABORATION AB We investigate the robustness of the discovery of the perfect fluid through comparison of hydrodynamic calculations with the elliptic flow coefficient nu(2) at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. Employing the Glauber model for initial entropy density distributions, the centrality dependence of nu(2) is reasonably reproduced by using an ideal fluid description of the early QGP stage followed by a hadronic cascade in the late hadronic stage. On the other hand, initial conditions based on the colour glass condensate model are found to generate larger elliptic flow due to larger initial eccentricity epsilon. We further predict nu(2)/epsilon at a fixed impact parameter as a function of collision energy root s(NN) up to the LHC energy. C1 Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Hirano, T (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. EM hirano@phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp NR 22 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S879 EP S882 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S117 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400118 ER PT J AU Horner, MJ AF Horner, M. J. CA STAR Collaboration TI Low- and intermediate-p(T) di-hadron distributions in Au plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV from STAR SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ AB We present a study of low- and intermediate-p(T) correlated azimuthal angular distributions in Au+Au collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 200 GeV from STAR. The near side associated yields in Au+Au collisions are found to be strongly enhanced, due to contributions from large Delta eta. The enhancement is reduced for high p(T)(trig). We show a strong broadening and enhancement of the away-side yield. The evolution of the away-side shape may be explained as the sum of a broad structure from bulk response and a narrow peak from jet fragmentation. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Horner, MJ (reprint author), Univ Cape Town, UCT CERN Res Ctr, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. EM mjhorner@lbl.gov NR 11 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S995 EP S998 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S142 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400143 ER PT J AU Kang, ZB Qiu, JW AF Kang, Zhong-Bo Qiu, Jian-Wei TI Nuclear modification to parton distribution functions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; HADRONIC SCATTERING; POWER CORRECTIONS; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; COLLISIONS AB We introduce a generalized definition of parton distribution functions (PDFs) for a more consistent all- order treatment of power corrections. We present a new set of modified DGLAP evolution equations for nuclear PDFs, and show that the resummed alpha(s)A(1/3)/Q(2)-type of leading nuclear size enhanced power corrections significantly slow down the growth of gluon density at small-x, and drive the slope of parton evolution to zero, a necessary condition for parton saturation. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kang, ZB (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kangzb@iastate.edu; jwq@iastate.edu RI Kang, Zhongbo/P-3645-2014 NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S607 EP S610 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S54 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400055 ER PT J AU Karsch, F AF Karsch, Frithjof CA RBC-Bielefeld Collaboration TI Transition temperature in QCD with physical light and strange quark masses SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ AB We present results from a calculation of the transition temperature in QCD with two light (up, down) and one heavier (strange) quark mass as well as for QCD with three degenerate quark masses. Furthermore, we discuss first results from an ongoing calculation of the QCD equation of state with almost realistic light and strange quark masses. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Karsch, F (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM karsch@bnl.gov NR 12 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S627 EP S630 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S59 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400060 ER PT J AU Kharzeev, DE AF Kharzeev, D. E. TI Theoretical issues in J/psi suppression SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; IN-IN COLLISIONS; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; HEAVY QUARKS; VACUUM; CHARMONIUM; RESONANCE; LEPTONS; PHOTONS; PSIONS AB Two decades ago Matsui and Satz suggested that Debye screening in the quark-gluon plasma would result in J/psi suppression in heavy ion collisions. Much has happened in the subsequent years, and the picture of quark-gluon plasma at present is rapidly evolving-what does it imply for the J/psi suppression? What are the recent RHIC and SPS results trying to tell us? What else has to be done? This talk is an attempt to address these questions. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kharzeev, DE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM kharzeev@bnl.gov NR 48 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S445 EP S452 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S33 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400034 ER PT J AU Lee, JH AF Lee, J. H. CA BRAHMS Collaboration TI Particle suppression at high-x(F) in Au plus Au collisions at RHIC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID BRAHMS EXPERIMENT; MATTER AB Measurements of x(F)-dependent nuclear modification factors of charged mesons and protons in Au+Au collisions at root s=200 and 62.4 GeV at RHIC are presented. Particle suppression at high-x(F) is discussed in the context of kinematic constraints of particle production competing with dynamically induced nuclear modification mechanisms. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Lee, JH (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jhlee@bnl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S611 EP S614 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S55 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400056 ER PT J AU Leitch, MJ AF Leitch, M. J. TI RHIC results on J/psi SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; P-A COLLISIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; PHENIX EXPERIMENT; CU+CU COLLISIONS; P+P COLLISIONS; LARGE NUCLEI; SUPPRESSION; DEPENDENCE; QUARK AB Quarkonia (J/psi, psi', Upsilon) production provides a sensitive probe of gluon distributions and their modification in nuclei and is a leading probe of the hot-dense (deconfined) matter created in high-energy collisions of heavy ions. We will discuss the current understanding of the production process and of the cold-nuclear-matter effects that modify this production in nuclei in the context of recent p+p and p(d)+A quarkonia measurements. Then we will review the latest results for nucleus-nucleus collisions from RHIC, and together with the baseline results from d+A and p+p collisions, discuss several alternative explanations for the observed suppressions and future prospects for distinguishing these different pictures. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Leitch, MJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, P-25,MS H846, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM leitch@lanl.gov NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S453 EP S462 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S34 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400035 ER PT J AU Liu, F Lu, Y AF Liu, F. Lu, Y. TI Elliptic flow in a hadron transport model SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; COLLECTIVE FLOW; ANISOTROPIC FLOW; DYNAMICS; PB AB We present elliptic flow upsilon(2) as a function of freeze-out time, transverse momentum for pi, K, nucleon, Lambda, Xi and Omega in Au+Au collisions at root(NN)-N-s = 200 GeV within two transport approaches (RQMD and UrQMD). The presence of mass ordering and NCQ scaling in the string-hadron model suggests that hadronic interactions do contribute to the observed particle-type dependence of upsilon(2) as well. C1 Cent China Normal Univ, IOPP, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liu, F (reprint author), Cent China Normal Univ, IOPP, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. EM fliu@iopp.ccnu.edu.cn; YLu@lbl.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S1073 EP S1076 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S159 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400160 ER PT J AU Maezawa, Y Aoki, S Ejiri, S Hatsuda, T Ishii, N Kanaya, K Ukita, N AF Maezawa, Y. Aoki, S. Ejiri, S. Hatsuda, T. Ishii, N. Kanaya, K. Ukita, N. TI Thermodynamics of two-flavour lattice QCD with an improved Wilson quark action at non-zero temperature and density SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ AB We report the current status of our systematic studies of the QCD thermodynamics by lattice QCD simulations with two flavours of improved Wilson quarks. We evaluate the critical temperature of two-flavour QCD in the chiral limit at a zero chemical potential and show the preliminary result. Also we discuss fluctuations at non-zero temperature and density by calculating the quark number and isospin susceptibilities and their derivatives with respect to the chemical potential. C1 Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577, Japan. RP Maezawa, Y (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. EM maezawa@nt.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp RI Hatsuda, Tetsuo/C-2901-2013 NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S651 EP S654 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S65 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400066 ER PT J AU McLerran, L AF McLerran, Larry TI Theory summary: Quark matter 2006 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID COLLABORATION; COLLISIONS AB I report on the theoretical developments discussed in Quark Matter 2006. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Riken Brookhaven Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McLerran, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S583 EP S592 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S50 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400051 ER PT J AU Milov, A Anderson, W Azmoun, B Chi, CY Drees, A Dubey, A Durham, M Fraenkel, Z Harder, J Hemmick, T Hutter, R Jacak, B Kamin, J Kozlov, A Naglis, M O'Connor, P Pisani, R Radeka, V Ravinovich, I Sakaguchi, T Sharma, D Sickles, A Stoll, S Tserruya, I Yu, B Woody, C AF Milov, A. Anderson, W. Azmoun, B. Chi, C-Y Drees, A. Dubey, A. Durham, M. Fraenkel, Z. Harder, J. Hemmick, T. Hutter, R. Jacak, B. Kamin, J. Kozlov, A. Naglis, M. O'Connor, P. Pisani, R. Radeka, V. Ravinovich, I. Sakaguchi, T. Sharma, D. Sickles, A. Stoll, S. Tserruya, I. Yu, B. Woody, C. TI Construction and expected performance of the hadron blind detector for the PHENIX experiment at RHIC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID AU COLLISIONS AB A new hadron blind detector (HBD) for electron identification in high density hadron environment has been installed in the PHENIX experiment at RHIC in the fall of 2006. The HBD will identify low momentum electron-positron pairs to reduce the combinatorial background in the e(+) e(-) mass spectrum, mainly in the region below 1 GeV/c(2). The HBD is a windowless proximity-focusing Cherenkov detector with a radiator length of 50 cm, a CsI photocathode and three layers of gas electron multipliers (GEM). Pure CF4 is used as a radiator and a detector gas. This proceeding describes the construction details and the expected performance of the HBD. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Nevis Columbia Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Milov, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM amilov@bn1.gov NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S701 EP S704 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S77 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400078 ER PT J AU Mitchell, JT AF Mitchell, J. T. CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Scaling properties of fluctuation and correlation results from PHENIX SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID COLLISIONS; GEV/C AB Recent surveys of multiplicity fluctuations, transverse momentum fluctuations and two-particle azimuthal correlations are presented for several collision systems as a function of centrality and transverse momentum. Both multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations exhibit a power-law scaling as a function of the number of participants that is independent of the collision system. Although these observations are consistent with critical behaviour, the critical exponent eta measured using azimuthal correlations is seen to be independent of centrality and collision system. Also observed in the azimuthal correlations is a displaced away-side peak in central Au+Au collisions when the pairs are restricted to low transverse momentum. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mitchell, JT (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000,Bldg 510C, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mitchell@bnl.gov NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S911 EP S914 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S124 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400125 ER PT J AU Mocsy, A AF Mocsy, Agnes TI The eta(c) above deconfinement SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID QUARKONIA AB In this paper I discuss the pseudoscalar charmonium spectral function and correlator as obtained using a screened potential. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mocsy, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mocsy@bnl.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S745 EP S748 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S87 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400088 ER PT J AU Mohanty, B AF Mohanty, Bedangadas CA STAR Collaboration TI Properties of particle production at large transverse momentum in Au plus Au and Cu plus Cu collisions at RHIC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID RESISTIVE PLATE CHAMBERS; SPECTRA; PROTON AB We present the incident energy and system size dependence of the p(T) spectra for pi(+/-), p and (P) over bar using Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 62.4 and 200 GeV in the STAR experiment at RHIC. Through these measurements in the p(T) range of 0.2 < p(T) < 10 GeV/ c we conduct a systematic study of the beam energy, system size and particle species dependence of nuclear modification factors and address specific predictions from the quark coalescence models regarding the beam energy dependence of baryon enhancement in the intermediate p(T) (2 < p(T) < 6 GeV/ c) region. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mohanty, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bmohanty@lbl.gov OI Mohanty, Bedangadas/0000-0001-9610-2914 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S793 EP S796 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S97 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400098 ER PT J AU Nouicer, R AF Nouicer, Rachid CA PHOBOS Collaboration TI Elliptic flow and initial eccentricity in Cu plus Cu and Au plus Au collisions at RHIC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; CENTRALITY DEPENDENCE; SYSTEM SIZE; SIGNATURE AB We present a systematic study of elliptic flow as a function of centrality, pseudorapidity, transverse momentum and energy for Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions from the PHOBOS experiment. New data on elliptic flow in Cu+Cu collisions at root s(NN) = 22.4 GeV are shown. Elliptic flow scaled by participant eccentricity is found to be similar for both systems when collisions with the same number of participants or the same average area density are compared. This similarity is observed over a wide range in pseudorapidity and transverse momentum, indicating that participant eccentricity is the relevant quantity for generating the azimuthal asymmetry leading to the observed elliptic flow. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Nouicer, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rachid.nouicer@bnl.gov NR 13 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S887 EP S891 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S119 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400120 ER PT J AU Putschke, J AF Putschke, Joern CA STAR Collaboration TI Intra-jet correlations of high-p(t) hadrons from STAR SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ AB Systematic measurements of pseudorapidity (Delta eta) and azimuthal (Delta phi) correlations between high- p(t) charged hadrons in root s(NN)=200 GeV Au+Au collisions are presented. An enhancement of correlated yield at large Delta eta on the near side is observed. This effect persists up to trigger p(t)(trig) similar to 9 GeV/c, indicating that it is associated with jet production. A more detailed analysis suggests distinct short-range and long-range components in the correlation. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Putschke, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jhputschke@lbl.gov NR 17 TC 119 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S679 EP S683 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S72 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400073 ER PT J AU Randrup, J AF Randrup, Jorgen TI Exploring hot and baryon-dense matter with nucleus-nucleus collisions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ AB The interest in hot and baryon-dense matter has recently intensified because of the prospects for exploring this phase region by a downgraded RHIC and the future FAIR. The baryon excess, the spatial irregularity of the system and its rapid evolution, and particularly the presence of a phase transition, pose interesting theoretical challenges that must be addressed in the development of the transport models required for the planning and interpretation of the experiments. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Randrup, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Randrup@LBL.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S261 EP S267 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S11 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400012 ER PT J AU Rose, A AF Rose, A. CA STAR Collaboration TI The STAR heavy flavour tracker SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ AB In order to understand the partonic EOS of matter created at RHIC, one needs to study both the collectivity of the produced matter and the degree of thermalization. We propose to address this physics through the study of heavy flavour hadrons in high-energy nuclear collisions at RHIC. The heavy flavour tracker (HFT), a tracking upgrade of the STAR experiment, is being designed to provide an unambiguous measurement of charm hadrons through the direct reconstruction of hadronic decays. These measurements require high accuracy space points near the collision vertex. The current design of our detector uses a novel CMOS-based sensor, allowing for a low-mass and high-resolution detector element. We provide rate estimations for D-0 v(2) measurements in Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rose, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 70R319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aarose@1b1.gov NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S715 EP S718 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S80 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400081 ER PT J AU Ruan, L AF Ruan, Lijuan CA STAR Collaboration TI Physics with identified particles at STAR SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; D+AU COLLISIONS; HADRON SPECTRA; FLOW; P+P AB New physics results with identified particles at STAR are presented. Measurements at low p(T) address bulk properties of the collision, while those at high p(T) address jet energy loss in the bulk matter produced. Between these extremes, measurements at intermediate p(T) address the interplay between jets and the bulk. We highlight: measurements of upsilon(2) fluctuations as a new, sensitive probe of the initial conditions and the equation of state; correlations involving multi-strange particles, along with ratios of identified particles to test coalescence as a mechanism of particle production at intermediate p(T); three particle azimuthal correlation to search for conical emission; and the energy and particle-type dependence of hadron production at high p(T) to study quark and gluon jet energy loss. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ruan, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS 70R319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ljruan@lbl.gov NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S199 EP S206 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S04 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400005 ER PT J AU Samios, NP AF Samios, N. P. TI RHIC: the early years SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ AB The history of the realization of the RHIC accelerator complex is reviewed including, physics, machine, political, organizational and community issues. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Samios, NP (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM samios@bnl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S181 EP S189 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S02 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400003 ER PT J AU Sickles, A AF Sickles, Anne CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Identified particle jet correlations from PHENIX SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ AB Two-particle azimuthal correlations have been shown to be a powerful probe for extracting novel features of the interaction between hard scattered partons and the medium produced in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. At intermediate p(T), 2-5 GeV/c, jets have been shown to be significantly modified in both particle composition and angular distribution compared to p+p collisions. We present recent PHENIX results from Au+Au collisions for a variety of p(T) and particle combinations. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sickles, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S685 EP S688 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S73 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400074 ER PT J AU Sorensen, P AF Sorensen, P. CA STAR Collaboration TI Elliptic flow fluctuations in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; SYSTEM SIZE; COLLABORATION; DEPENDENCE; ENERGY AB We report first measurements of elliptic flow (nu(2)) fluctuations for the STAR collaboration at middle rapidity in root s(NN) = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions. We analyse the multiplicity dependence of the flow vector length distribution to disentangle non-flow correlations from nu(2) fluctuations. We find that the width of the nu(2) distribution is approximately 36% of the mean nu(2) and, within errors, independent of collision centrality. This value coincides with eccentricity fluctuations, apparently leaving little room for other sources of fluctuations. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sorensen, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391 NR 26 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S897 EP S901 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S121 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400122 ER PT J AU Steinberg, P AF Steinberg, P. CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Heavy ion physics at the LHC with the ATLAS detector SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID PLUS AU COLLISIONS AB The ATLAS detector at CERN will provide a high-resolution longitudinally segmented calorimeter and precision tracking for the upcoming study of heavy ion collisions at the LHC (root(NN)-N-S = 5520 GeV). The calorimeter covers |eta| < 5 with both electromagnetic and hadronic sections, while the inner detector spectrometer covers |eta| < 2.5. ATLAS will study a full range of observables necessary to characterize the hot and dense matter formed at the LHC. Global measurements (particle multiplicities, collective flow) will provide access into its thermodynamic and hydrodynamic properties. Measuring complete jets out to 100's of GeV will allow detailed studies of energy loss and its effect on jets. Quarkonia will provide a handle on deconfinement mechanisms. ATLAS will also study the structure of the nucleon and nucleus using forward physics probes and ultraperipheral collisions, both enabled by segmented zero degree calorimeters. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Steinberg, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM peter.steinberg@bnl.gov NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S527 EP S534 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S43 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400044 ER PT J AU Tang, AH AF Tang, A. H. TI Collective dynamics at RHIC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID ANISOTROPIC FLOW; COLLISIONS AB The property of the 'perfect liquid' created at RHIC is probed with anisotropic flow measurements. Different initial conditions and their consequences on flow measurements are discussed. The collectivity is shown to be achieved fast and early. The thermalization is investigated with the ratio of upsilon(4) / upsilon(2)(2). Measurements from three sectors of soft physics (HBT, flow and strangeness) are shown to have a simple, linear, length scaling. Directed flow is found to be independent of system size. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tang, AH (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM aihong@bnl.gov NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S277 EP S285 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S13 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400014 ER PT J AU van Leeuwen, M AF van Leeuwen, M. TI Quark matter 2006: high-p(T) and jets SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID AZIMUTHAL CORRELATIONS; AU COLLISIONS; PHENIX; HADRON; INTERMEDIATE-P(T); PARTICLES; STAR AB An overview of new experimental results on high-p(T) particle production and jets in heavy ion collisions from the Quark Matter 2006 conference is presented. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP van Leeuwen, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mvanleeuwen@lbl.gov NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S559 EP S566 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S47 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400048 ER PT J AU Venugopalan, R AF Venugopalan, Raju TI Multiparticle production in the Glasma at NLO and plasma instabilities SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; STRONG EXTERNAL SOURCES; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; ENERGY DENSITY; CONDENSATE AB We discuss the relation between multi-particle production in the Glasma at next-to-leading order and the physics of plasma instabilities. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Venugopalan, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM raju@bnl.gov NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S615 EP S618 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S56 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400057 ER PT J AU Vitev, I Adil, A van Hees, H AF Vitev, I. Adil, A. van Hees, H. TI Novel heavy flavour suppression mechanisms in the QGP SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID ENERGY-LOSS AB We revisit the question of the measured, unexpectedly large, heavy flavour suppression, R-AA(p(T)) << 1, in nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC and compare two new theoretical approaches to the D- and B-meson quenching. In the first model, radiative energy loss, collisional energy loss and heavy quark-resonance interactions are combined to evaluate the drag and diffusion coefficients in the quark-gluon plasma and the mixed phase. These are applied in a relativistic Fokker-Planck equation to simulate the heavy c- and b-quark suppression rate and elliptic flow v(2)(p(T)). In the second model, the fragmentation probability for heavy quarks and the medium-induced decay probability for heavy hadrons are derived. These are implemented in a set of coupled rate equations that describe the attenuation of the observable spectra from the collisional dissociation of heavy mesons in the QGP. An improved description of the non-photonic electron RAA(p(T)) at RHIC can be obtained. In contrast to previous results, the latter approach predicts suppression of B-mesons comparable to that of D-mesons at transverse momenta as low as p(T) similar to 10 GeV. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret & Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Vitev, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret & Phys Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM ivitev@lanl.gov NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S769 EP S773 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S92 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400093 ER PT J AU Vogt, R Lourenco, C Leitch, MJ AF Vogt, R. Lourenco, C. Leitch, M. J. TI Cold nuclear matter effects on J/psi and psi ' production SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID DYNAMICAL PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS AB We present an overview of cold nuclear matter effects on charmonium production at SPS and RHIC energies, including nuclear effects on the parton distribution functions and final-state nuclear absorption. A good understanding of these effects, present in proton-nucleus (p+A) and d+Au data, is crucial to establish a robust reference baseline with respect to which the nucleus-nucleus (A+A) data can be compared when searching for modifications signalling new physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Vogt, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S759 EP S762 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S90 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400091 ER PT J AU Xiao, ZG Dong, X Liu, F Luo, XF Wu, KJ Xu, HS Xu, N Zhan, WL AF Xiao, Z. G. Dong, X. Liu, F. Luo, X. F. Wu, K. J. Xu, H. S. Xu, N. Zhan, W. L. TI The equation of state study in UU collisions at CSR, Lanzhou SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID MATTER AB The cooling storage ring, to be built at Lanzhou, will be able to deliver heavy ion beams up to uranium up to 0.52 GeV/u. It is expected to make considerable contribution to nuclear EOS study in the high net baryon-density region. With a relativistic transport model, we performed simulations for U+U collisions with different orientations. It is shown that by combining the forward neutron multiplicity and an event-wise elliptic flow selection, it is possible to identify the tip - tip and body - body head-on collisions. The effective identification of these two extreme configurations will allow us to study the EOS at the highest baryon density in the U+U collisions. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xiao, ZG (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. EM xiaozg@impcas.ac.cn RI Dong, Xin/G-1799-2014; XIAO, Zhigang/C-3788-2015 OI Dong, Xin/0000-0001-9083-5906; NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S915 EP S919 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S125 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400126 ER PT J AU Zhang, BW Wang, XN Zhang, BW AF Zhang, Ben-Wei Wang, Xin-Nian Schaefer, Andreas TI Quark-quark double scattering in nuclei with the twist-expansion approach SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID MULTIPLE PARTON SCATTERING; MODIFIED FRAGMENTATION FUNCTIONS; ENERGY-LOSS; ENVIRONMENT; QCD AB With generalized factorization of twist-4 processes, we calculate quark-quark double scattering in eA DIS scattering. It is shown that quark-quark double scattering gives different modifications to quark and anti-quark fragmentation functions. We demonstrate that this difference may account for the significant differences between the multiplicity ratios for positive and negative hadrons as observed by HERMES. C1 Huazhong Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-8400 Regensburg, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, BW (reprint author), Huazhong Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S809 EP S812 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S101 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400102 ER PT J AU Zhang, HZ Owens, JF Wang, EK Wang, XN AF Zhang, Hanzhong Owens, J. F. Wang, Enke Wang, Xin-Nian TI A NLO analysis on fragility of dihadron tomography in high energy AA collisions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID HADRON SPECTRA AB The dihadron spectra in high energy AA collisions are studied within the NLO pQCD parton model with jet quenching taken into account. The high p(T) dihadron spectra are found to be contributed not only by jet pairs close and tangential to the surface of the dense matter, but also by punching-through jets survived at the centre while the single hadron high p(T) spectra are only dominated by 'surface emission'. Consequently, the suppression factor of such high-p(T) hadron pairs is found to be more sensitive to the initial gluon density than the single hadron suppression factor. C1 Huazhong Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, HZ (reprint author), Huazhong Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. EM zhanghz@iopp.ccnu.edu.cn OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S801 EP S804 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S99 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400100 ER PT J AU Zhuang, PF Yan, L Xu, N AF Zhuang, Pengfei Yan, Li Xu, Nu TI J/psi continuous regeneration and suppression in quark-gluon plasma SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Necleus-Nucleus Collisions CY NOV 14-20, 2006 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Chinese Acad Sci, Cent China Normal Univ ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; SHORT-DISTANCE ANALYSIS; CHARMONIUM PRODUCTION; PSI' SUPPRESSION; ANOMALOUS J/PSI; COLLABORATION; COALESCENCE; SYSTEMS; GEV/C; SPS AB We investigate the competition between J/psi suppression and regeneration in heavy ion collisions at RHIC energy. The J/psi transport equation, with both gain and loss terms that are controlled by the pQCD processes g + J/psi <-> c + (c) over bar, together with the hydrodynamic evolution is solved in a self-consistent manner. Nuclear modification factor R-AA and elliptic flow v(2) are presented and compared with the RHIC data. C1 Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhuang, PF (reprint author), Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM zhuangpf@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn NR 36 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI BP S487 EP S494 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/S38 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400039 ER PT J AU Ma, YG Wang, EK Cai, X Huang, HZ Wang, XN Zhu, ZY AF Ma, Yu-Gang Wang, En-Ke Cai, Xu Huang, Huan-Zhong Wang, Xin-Nian Zhu, Zhi-Yuan TI Quark Matter 2006 conference SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai, Peoples R China. Cent China Normal Univ, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. Univ Calif, Oakland, CA 94607 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ma, YG (reprint author), Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai, Peoples R China. OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 8 SI SI DI 10.1088/0954-3899/34/8/E01 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 193CN UT WOS:000248251400001 ER PT J AU Luo, Q Hixson, KK Callister, SJ Lipton, MS Morris, BEL Krumholz, LR AF Luo, Qingwei Hixson, Kim K. Callister, Steven J. Lipton, Mary S. Morris, Brandon E. L. Krumholz, Lee R. TI Proteome analysis of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G20 mutants using the accurate mass and time (AMT) tag approach SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G20; accurate mass and time (AMT) tag; proteome of mutants; regulatory genes ID NUCLEOID-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; VULGARIS HILDENBOROUGH; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TRANSFER-RNA; TRANSCRIPTOMIC ANALYSIS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; STRESS; SPECTROMETRY AB Abundance values obtained from direct LC-MS analyses were used to compare the proteomes of six transposon-insertion mutants of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G20, the lab strain (G20(lab)) and a sediment-adapted strain (G20(sediment)). Three mutations were in signal transduction histidine kinases, and three mutations were in other regulatory proteins. The high-throughput accurate mass and time (AMT) tag proteomic approach was utilized to analyze the proteomes. A total of 1318 proteins was identified with high confidence, approximately 35% of all predicted proteins in the D. desulfuricans G20 genome. Proteins from all functional categories were identified. Significant differences in the abundance of 30 proteins were detected between the G20(lab) strain and the G20(sediment) strain. Abundances of proteins for energy metabolism, ribosomal synthesis, membrane biosynthesis, transport, and flagellar synthesis were affected in the mutants. Specific examples of proteins down-regulated in mutants include a putative tungstate transport system substrate-binding protein and several proteins related to energy production, for example, 2-oxoacid:acceptor oxidoreductase, cytochrome c-553, and formate acetyltransferase. In addition, several signal transduction mechanism proteins were regulated in one mutant, and the abundances of ferritin and hybrid cluster protein were reduced in another mutant. However, the similar abundance of universal stress proteins, heat shock proteins, and chemotaxis proteins in the mutants revealed that regulation of chemotactic behavior and stress regulation might not be observed under our growth conditions. This study provides the first proteomic overview of several sediment fitness mutants of G20, and evidence for the difference between lab strains and sediment-adapted strains at the protein level. C1 Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Krumholz, LR (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, 770 Vleet Oval,GLCH 136, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM krumholz@ou.edu RI Luo, Quanzhou/B-4908-2011 NR 73 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 6 IS 8 BP 3042 EP 3053 DI 10.1021/pr070127o PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 199GC UT WOS:000248683200012 PM 17602684 ER PT J AU Hervey, WJ Strader, MB Hurst, GB AF Hervey, W. Judson, IV Strader, Michael Brad Hurst, Gregory B. TI Comparison of digestion protocols for microgram quantities of enriched protein samples SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE trypsin; digestion; proteolysis; acetonitrile; mass spectrometry; liquid chromatography; ribosome; microtubule-associated protein ID AQUEOUS SOLVENT SYSTEMS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-PALUSTRIS; ENZYMATIC DIGESTION; COMPLEX-MIXTURES; YEAST PROTEOME; IDENTIFICATION; PURIFICATION; SURFACTANT; PEPTIDES AB Standard biochemical techniques that are used for protein enrichments, such as affinity isolation and density gradient centrifugation, frequently yield high-nanogram to low-microgram quantities at a significant expenditure of resources and time. The characterization of selected protein enrichments by the "shotgun" mass spectrometry approach is often compromised by the lack of effective and efficient in-solution proteolysis protocols specifically tailored for these small quantities of proteins. This study compares the results of five different digestion protocols that were applied to 2.5 mu g portions of protein isolates from two disparate sources: Rhodopseudomonas palustris 70S ribosomal proteins, and Bos taurus microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). Proteolytic peptides produced according to each protocol in each type of protein isolate were analyzed by one-dimensional liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The effectiveness of each digestion protocol was assessed on the basis of three parameters: number of peptide identifications, number of protein identifications, and sequence coverage. The two protocols using a solvent containing 80% acetonitrile (CH3CN) for trypsin digestions performed as well as, and in some instances better than, protocols employing other solvents and chaotropes in both types of protein isolates. A primary advantage of the 80% CH3CN protocol is that it requires fewer sample manipulation steps. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Hurst, GB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hurstgb@ornl.gov OI Hurst, Gregory/0000-0002-7650-8009 NR 33 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 EI 1535-3907 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 6 IS 8 BP 3054 EP 3061 DI 10.1021/pr070159b PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 199GC UT WOS:000248683200013 PM 17616116 ER PT J AU Denef, VJ Shah, MB VerBerkmoes, NC Hettich, RL Banfield, JF AF Denef, Vincent J. Shah, Manesh B. VerBerkmoes, Nathan C. Hettich, Robert L. Banfield, Jillian F. TI Implications of strain- and species-level sequence divergence for community and isolate shotgun proteomic analysis SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE proteomics; strain variation; community genomics; metagenomics; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; Leptospirillum; modeling; sequence divergence; evolution ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; METAGENOMIC ANALYSIS; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION; GENOME SEQUENCE; YEAST PROTEOME; METABOLISM; BACTERIA; INSIGHTS; DATABASE AB The recent surge in microbial genomic sequencing, combined with the development of high-throughput liquid chromatography-mass-spectrometry-based (LC/LC-MS/MS) proteomics, has raised the question of the extent to which genomic information of one strain or environmental sample can be used to profile proteomes of related strains or samples. Even with decreasing sequencing costs, it remains impractical to obtain genomic sequence for every strain or sample analyzed. Here, we evaluate how shotgun proteomics is affected by amino acid divergence between the sample and the genomic database using a probability-based model and a random mutation simulation model constrained by experimental data. To assess the effects of nonrandom distribution of mutations, we also evaluated identification levels using in silico peptide data from sequenced isolates with average amino acid identities (AAI) varying between 76 and 98%. We compared the predictions to experimental protein identification levels for a sample that was evaluated using a database that included genomic information for the dominant organism and for a closely related variant (95% AAI). The range of models set the boundaries at which half of the proteins in a proteomic experiment can be identified to be 77-92% AAI between orthologs in the sample and database. Consistent with this prediction, experimental data indicated loss of half the identifiable proteins at 90% AAI. Additional analysis indicated a 6.4% reduction of the initial protein coverage per 1% amino acid divergence and total identification loss at 86% AAI. Consequently, shotgun proteomics is capable of cross-strain identifications but avoids most cross-species false positives. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Denef, VJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vdenef@berkeley.edu; jbanfield@berkeley.edu RI Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016 OI Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X NR 38 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 6 IS 8 BP 3152 EP 3161 DI 10.1021/pr0701005 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 199GC UT WOS:000248683200023 PM 17602579 ER PT J AU Povinec, PP Pham, MK Sanchez-Cabeza, JA Barci-Funel, G Bojanowski, R Boshkova, T Burnett, WC Carvalho, F Chapeyron, B Cunha, IL Dahlgaard, H Galabov, N Fifield, LK Gastaud, J Geering, JJ Gomez, IF Green, N Hamilton, T Ibanez, FL Ibn Majah, M John, M Kanisch, G Kenna, TC Kloster, M Korun, M Kwong, LLW La Rosa, J Lee, SH Levy-Palomo, I Malatova, M Maruo, Y Mitchell, P Murciano, IV Nelson, R Nouredine, A Oh, JS Oregioni, B Le Petit, G Pettersson, HBL Reineking, A Smedley, PA Suckow, A van der Struijs, TDB Voors, PI Yoshimizu, K Wyse, E AF Povinec, P. P. Pham, M. K. Sanchez-Cabeza, J. A. Barci-Funel, G. Bojanowski, R. Boshkova, T. Burnett, W. C. Carvalho, F. Chapeyron, B. Cunha, I. L. Dahlgaard, H. Galabov, N. Fifield, L. K. Gastaud, J. Geering, J.-J. Gomez, I. F. Green, N. Hamilton, T. Ibanez, F. L. Ibn Majah, M. John, M. Kanisch, G. Kenna, T. C. Kloster, M. Korun, M. Kwong, L. Liong Wee La Rosa, J. Lee, S.-H. Levy-Palomo, I. Malatova, M. Maruo, Y. Mitchell, P. Murciano, I. V. Nelson, R. Nouredine, A. Oh, J.-S. Oregioni, B. Le Petit, G. Pettersson, H. B. L. Reineking, A. Smedley, P. A. Suckow, A. van der Struijs, T. D. B. Voors, P. I. Yoshimizu, K. Wyse, E. TI Reference material for radionuclides in sediment IAEA-384 (Fangataufa Lagoon sediment) SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CERTIFIED REFERENCE MATERIAL; PACIFIC-OCEAN; IRISH SEA; SEAWATER; WATER; PU AB A reference material designed for the determination of anthropogenic and natural radionuclides in sediment, IAEA-384 (Fangataufa Lagoon sediment), is described and the results of certification are presented. The material has been certified for 8 radionuclides (K-40, Co-60, Eu-155, Th-230, U-238, Pu-238, Pu239+240 and Am-241). Information values are given for 12 radionuclides (Sr-90, Cs-137, Pb-210 (Po-210), Ra-226, Ra-228, Th-232, U-234, U-235, Pu-239, Pu-240 and Pu-241). Less reported radionuclides include Th-228, U-236, Np-239 and Pu-242. The reference material may be used for quality management of radioanalytical laboratories engaged in the analysis of radionuclides in the environment, as well as for the development and validation of analytical methods and for training purposes. The material is available from IAEA in 100 g units. C1 IAEA, Marine Environm Lab, Monaco, Monaco. Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, SK-84248 Bratislava, Slovakia. Univ Nice, Lab Radiochim & RadioEcol, F-06108 Nice, France. Inst Oceanog, PL-81957 Sopot, Poland. Univ Sofia, Fac Phys, Sofia 1146, Bulgaria. Florida State Univ, Dept Oceanog, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Inst Tecnol & Nucl, P-2685953 Sacavem, Portugal. Crii RAD, F-26000 Valence, France. CNEN, IPEN, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Riso Natl Lab, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Natl Inst Meteorol & Hydrol, Pleven 5800, Bulgaria. Australian Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Inst Radiophys Appl, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Environm Radiat Protect Dept, Havana 6195, Cuba. Natl Radiol Protect Board, Didcot OX11 0RQ, Oxon, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Basque Country, Dept Ingn Nucl & Mecan Fluidos, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain. CNESTEN, Rabat, Morocco. Fed Res Ctr Fisheries, Inst Fisheries Ecol, D-22589 Hamburg, Germany. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. Senatsverwaltung & Stadtentwicklung & Umweltshutz, D-14050 Berlin, Germany. Nucl Inst Jozef Stefan, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia. Natl Inst Publ Hlth, CS-10042 Prague 10, Czech Republic. JNC Tokai Works, Hlth & Safety Div, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191994, Japan. Univ Coll Dublin, Dept Expt Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. Univ Politecn Barcelona, Inst Tecn Energet, Barcelona 08028, Spain. Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. Ctr Rech Nucl Alger, Lab Etud Impact Radiol, Algiers, Algeria. Univ Southampton, Southampton Oceanog Ctr, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England. CEA, DASE, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Linkoping Univ Hosp, Dept Radiat Phys, S-58185 Linkoping, Sweden. Univ Gottingen, Zent Isotopenlab, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. Directorate Fisheries Res, CEFAS, Lowestoft NR33 OHT, Suffolk, England. Joint Geol Res Inst, D-30631 Hannover, Germany. RIKILT, NL-6700 AE Wageningen, Netherlands. NRG, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands. Japan Chem Anal Ctr, Chiba 2630002, Japan. RP Povinec, PP (reprint author), IAEA, Marine Environm Lab, MC 98000, Monaco, Monaco. EM povinec@fmph.uniba.sk RI Suckow, Axel/E-3295-2012; Carvalho, Fernando/K-3486-2013; Sanchez-Cabeza, J. A./Q-2394-2016; OI Suckow, Axel/0000-0002-6237-2198; Sanchez-Cabeza, J. A./0000-0002-3540-1168; Povinec, Pavel/0000-0003-0275-794X; Carvalho, Fernando da Piedade/0000-0002-6639-6138 NR 18 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 273 IS 2 BP 383 EP 393 DI 10.1007/s10967-007-6898-4 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 189QK UT WOS:000248003400020 ER PT J AU Kopyrin, AA Fomichev, AA Afonin, MA Todd, TA AF Kopyrin, A. A. Fomichev, A. A. Afonin, M. A. Todd, T. A. TI New methodological approach to investigation of kinetics of REE extraction in nonstationary conditions SO JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS LA English DT Article DE kinetics; extraction; non-stationary; rare earths AB The influence of periodical oscillations of the temperature on extraction and stripping processes in the extraction systems was studied. Two extraction systems were investigated: (1) 6 mol . L-1 NaNO3-Nd(NO3)(3)-Pr(NO3)(3)-TBP-kerosene and (2) [Nd(NO3)(3) center dot 3TBP]-[Pr(NO3)(3) center dot 3TBP]-kerosene - 0.1 mol . L (-1) HNO3. Mathematical modeling of the nonstationary membrane extraction has been enhanced by including the dependence of the extraction rate constants on temperature. The values of activation energy for direct and reverse extraction and stripping reactions of Pr and Nd were calculated from experimental temporal dependencies of metal concentration and temperature by solving the reverse kinetics problem using the proposed mathematical model. A series of experiments with periodical oscillations of the temperature on the extraction system for the separation of rare earth elements (REE) using bulk liquid membrane between two extractors were performed. The mathematical model adequately describes the experimental data. The optimization of the extraction process for separation of REE by liquid membrane, under the influence of periodical oscillation of the temperature, was made based on the extraction rate constants and activation energies. The optimal conditions of separation by liquid membrane were found: frequency and amplitude of thermal oscillations, liquid membrane flow rate, and optimal ratio between organic and aqueous phase in extractors. C1 St Petersburg Inst Technol, St Petersburg 190013, Russia. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Todd, TA (reprint author), St Petersburg Inst Technol, 26 Moskovsky Av, St Petersburg 190013, Russia. EM kopyrin@lti-gti.ru RI Afonin, Mikhail/E-5962-2014 OI Afonin, Mikhail/0000-0001-7993-9528 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU METALLURGICAL INDUSTRY PRESS PI BEIJING PA 2 XINJIEKOUWAI DAJIE, BEIJING 100088, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1002-0721 J9 J RARE EARTH JI J. Rare Earths PD AUG PY 2007 VL 25 IS 4 BP 385 EP 391 DI 10.1016/S1002-0721(07)60442-6 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied SC Chemistry GA 207NF UT WOS:000249257100001 ER PT J AU James, M Avdeev, M Barnes, P Morales, L Wallwork, K Withers, R AF James, Michael Avdeev, Maxim Barnes, Paris Morales, Liliana Wallwork, Kia Withers, Ray TI Orthorhombic superstructures within the rare earth strontium-doped cobaltate perovskites: Ln(1-x)Sr(x)CoO(3-delta) (Ln = Y3+, Dy3+-Yb3+; 0.750 <= x <= 0.875) SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE strontium-doped cobaltate; neutron diffraction; perovskite superstructure; phase diagram; oxygen vacancy ordering ID OXYGEN-DEFICIENT PEROVSKITES; SPIN-STATE-TRANSITION; OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PHASE-DIAGRAM; MAGNETORESISTANCE; LA1-XSRXCOO3; SYSTEM AB A combination of electron, synchrotron X-ray and neutron powder diffraction reveals a new orthorhombic structure type within the Sr-doped rare earth perovskite cobaltates Ln(1-x) SrxCoO3-delta (Ln = Y3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+). Electron diffraction shows a C-centred cell based on a 2 root 2a(p) x 4a(p) x 4 root 2a(p) superstructure of the basic perovskite unit. Not all of these very weak satellite reflections are evident in the synchrotron X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data and the average structure of each member of this series could only be refined based on Cmma symmetry and a 2 root 2a(p) x 4a(p) x 2 root 2a(p) cell. The nature of structural and magnetic ordering in these phases relies on both oxygen vacancy and cation distribution. A small range of solid solution exists where this orthorhombic structure type is observed, centred roughly around the compositions Ln(0.2)Sr(0.8)CoO(3-delta). In the case of Yb3+ the pure orthorhombic phase was only observed for 0.850 <= x <= 0.875. Tetragonal (14/mmm; 2a(p) x 2a(p) x 4a(p)) superstructures were observed for compositions having higher or lower Sr-doping levels, or for compounds with rare earth ions larger than Dy3+. These orthorhombic phases show mixed valence (3+/4+) cobalt oxidation states between 3.2+ and 3.3+. DC magnetic susceptibility measurements show an additional magnetic transition for these orthorhombic phases compared to the associated tetragonal compounds with critical temperatures > 330 K. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Chem, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP James, M (reprint author), Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Bldg 87,PMB 1, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. EM mja@ansto.gov.au RI Withers, Ray/H-8309-2014; James, Michael/A-8960-2011; Avdeev, Maxim/A-5625-2008 OI Withers, Ray/0000-0001-9017-2233; Avdeev, Maxim/0000-0003-2366-5809 NR 42 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 180 IS 8 BP 2233 EP 2247 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2007.04.029 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 206LX UT WOS:000249186100007 ER PT J AU Alvarez, G Nukala, PKVV D'Azevedo, E AF Alvarez, Gonzalo Nukala, Phani K. V. V. D'Azevedo, Eduardo TI Fast diagonalization of evolving matrices: application to spin-fermion models SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT LA English DT Article DE Anderson model (theory); disordered systems (theory); phase transformations (theory); Hubbard and related models (theory) ID MONTE-CARLO ALGORITHM AB Large scale simulation of the colossal magnetoresistance e. effect in manganites using spin- fermion models is often hampered due to the high computational cost associated with computing the eigenvalues of each of the successive Hamiltonian matrices. Consequently, current spin- fermion model simulations contain no more than 63 sites or the equivalent for lower dimensions. This imposes severe limitations on the kinds of physical systems that can be studied; for example, the Mn spin concentration in diluted semiconductors has to be high enough to be numerically tractable, and the study of many band systems becomes computationally difficult. This study presents an algorithm that directly updates the spectrum of a successive Hamiltonian matrix on the basis of the spectrum of the previous Hamiltonian matrix. This eigenvalue updating algorithm signi. cantly reduces the computational bottleneck involved in recomputing the spectrum of the Hamiltonian matrices each time a local configurational change is accepted, thereby allowing the simulation of much larger lattice system sizes. The serial version of the algorithm is an order of magnitude faster than the approaches based on direct diagonalization. In addition, this algorithm is amenable to parallel computation and retains excellent accuracy even after many updates. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Alvarez, G (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM alvarezcampg@ornl.gov; nukala@ornl.gov; dazevedoef@ornl.gov NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-5468 J9 J STAT MECH-THEORY E JI J. Stat. Mech.-Theory Exp. PD AUG PY 2007 AR P08007 DI 10.1088/1742-5468/2007/08/P08007 PG 14 WC Mechanics; Physics, Mathematical SC Mechanics; Physics GA 207UW UT WOS:000249277600010 ER PT J AU Hastings, MB AF Hastings, M. B. TI An area law for one-dimensional quantum systems SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT LA English DT Article DE rigorous results in statistical mechanics; entanglement in extended quantum systems (theory) ID RELATIVE ENTROPY; STATES AB We prove an area law for the entanglement entropy in gapped onedimensional quantum systems. The bound on the entropy grows surprisingly rapidly with the correlation length; we discuss this in terms of properties of quantum expanders and present a conjecture on matrix product states which may provide an alternate way of arriving at an area law. We also show that, for gapped, local systems, the bound on Von Neumann entropy implies a bound on R ' enyi entropy for su. ciently large a < 1 and implies the ability to approximate the ground state by a matrix product state. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hastings, MB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hastings@lanl.gov NR 19 TC 252 Z9 252 U1 2 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-5468 J9 J STAT MECH-THEORY E JI J. Stat. Mech.-Theory Exp. PY 2007 AR P08024 DI 10.1088/1742-5468/2007/08/P08024 PG 14 WC Mechanics; Physics, Mathematical SC Mechanics; Physics GA 207UW UT WOS:000249277600027 ER PT J AU Kozma, B Hastings, MB Korniss, G AF Kozma, Balazs Hastings, Matthew B. Korniss, G. TI Diffusion processes on small-world networks with distance dependent random links SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT LA English DT Article DE phase diagrams (theory); renormalization group; Brownian motion; random graphs; networks ID NONEQUILIBRIUM SURFACE GROWTH; COMPLEX NETWORKS; PARALLEL ALGORITHMS; RESISTOR NETWORKS; ISING-MODEL; SYSTEMS; BETWEENNESS; SIMULATIONS; STATISTICS; DYNAMICS AB We considered diffusion driven processes on small- world networks with distance dependent random links. The study of diffusion on such networks is motivated by transport on randomly folded polymer chains, synchronization problems in task- completion networks, and gradient driven transport on networks. Changing the parameters of the distance dependence, we found a rich phase diagram, with di. fferent transient and recurrent phases in the context of random walks on networks ( or with di. fferent smooth and rough phases in the context of noisy task- completion landscapes). We performed the calculations in two limiting cases: in the case of rapid network update, where the rearrangement of the random links is fast, and in the quenched case, where the link rearrangement is slow compared to the motion of the random walker or the surface. It has been well established that in a large class of interacting systems, adding an arbitrarily small density of, possibly long range, quenched random links to a regular lattice interaction topology will give rise to mean-. field- like behaviour ( i. e., the small- world- like random links can be treated in a mean-. field fashion). In some cases, however, mean-. field scaling breaks down in ' low dimensional' smallworld networks, where random links are added to a low dimensional regular structure. Examples of such cases are the common di. usion and the Edwards Wilkinson process, the main subjects of this paper. This breakdown can be understood by treating the random links perturbatively, where the mean-. field prediction appears as the lowest order term of a naive perturbation expansion. The asymptotic analytic results are also confirmed numerically by employing exact numerical diagonalization of the network Laplacian. Further, we construct a finite size scaling framework for the relevant observables, capturing the crossover behaviours infinite networks. This work provides a detailed account of the self-consistent perturbative and renormalization approaches briefly introduced in our earlier work. C1 Univ Paris 11, Phys Theor Lab, CNRS, UMR 8627, F-91405 Orsay, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Kozma, B (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, Phys Theor Lab, CNRS, UMR 8627, Batiment 210, F-91405 Orsay, France. EM kozmab@th.u-psud.fr; hastings@lanl.gov; korniss@rpi.edu RI Korniss, Gyorgy/A-7360-2011 NR 80 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-5468 J9 J STAT MECH-THEORY E JI J. Stat. Mech.-Theory Exp. PD AUG PY 2007 AR P08014 DI 10.1088/1742-5468/2007/08/P08014 PG 65 WC Mechanics; Physics, Mathematical SC Mechanics; Physics GA 207UW UT WOS:000249277600017 ER PT J AU Woschitz, H Gassner, G Ruland, R AF Woschitz, Helmut Gassner, Georg Ruland, Robert TI SLAC vertical comparator for the calibration of digital levels SO JOURNAL OF SURVEYING ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE calibration; digital techniques; measuring instruments; surveys AB Digital levels replaced spirit levels in most fields of precise height measurements because of the automation of the height readings. Three manufacturers offer digital levels with a single reading resolution of 10 p,m, and for all of them systematic effects are known. In Europe several facilities for system calibration of digital levels using vertical comparators were established within the last decade. However, there still was no system calibration facility in North America. In order to guarantee the accuracy required for the alignment of experiments at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAG) a calibration facility for the system calibration of digital levels was built. In this paper the setup of the SLAG vertical comparator is described in detail and its standard uncertainty is derived. In order to perform traditional rod calibration of conventional line-scaled rods, a CCD camera was integrated into the SLAG comparator. The CCD camera setup is also briefly described. To demonstrate the capabilities of the comparator, results of system and rod calibration are shown. C1 Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Graz Univ Technol, Inst Engn Geodesy & Measurement Syst, A-8010 Graz, Austria. RP Gassner, G (reprint author), Stanford Univ, SLAC, POB 20450,MS 21, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM gassner@slac.stanford.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9453 J9 J SURV ENG-ASCE JI J. Surv. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 2007 VL 133 IS 3 BP 144 EP 150 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9453(2007)133:3(144) PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 200LW UT WOS:000248765900009 ER PT J AU Nakagawa, S Schoenberg, MA AF Nakagawa, Seiji Schoenberg, Michael A. TI Poroelastic modeling of seismic boundary conditions across a fracture SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 76th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Exploration-Geophysicists CY OCT 01-05, 2006 CL New Orleans, LA SP Soc Explorat Geophysicists ID PARTIAL GAS SATURATION; ELASTIC-WAVES; FREQUENCY RANGE; POROUS ROCKS; WHITE MODEL; FLUID-FLOW; ATTENUATION; PERMEABILITY; PROPAGATION; DISPERSION AB Permeability of a fracture can affect how the fracture interacts with seismic waves. To examine this effect, a simple mathematical model that describes the poroelastic nature of wave-fracture interaction is useful. In this paper, a set of boundary conditions is presented which relate wave-induced particle velocity (or displacement) and stress including fluid pressure across a compliant, fluid-bearing fracture. These conditions are derived by modeling a fracture as a thin porous layer with increased compliance and finite permeability. Assuming a small layer thickness, the boundary conditions can be derived by integrating the governing equations of poroelastic wave propagation. A finite jump in the stress and velocity across a fracture is expressed as a function of the stress and velocity at the boundaries. Further simplification for a thin fracture yields a set of characteristic parameters that control the seismic response of single fractures with a wide range of mechanical and hydraulic properties. These boundary conditions have potential applications in simplifying numerical models such as finite-difference and finite-element methods to compute seismic wave scattering off nonplanar (e.g., curved and intersecting) fractures. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nakagawa, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM snakagawa@lbl.gov RI Nakagawa, Seiji/F-9080-2015 OI Nakagawa, Seiji/0000-0002-9347-0903 NR 38 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 122 IS 2 BP 831 EP 847 DI 10.1121/1.2747206 PG 17 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 198RB UT WOS:000248644100015 PM 17672634 ER PT J AU Wei, X Ugurlu, O Akinc, M AF Wei, Xiang Ugurlu, Ozan Akinc, Mufit TI Hydrolysis of alpha-tricalcium phosphate in simulated body fluid and dehydration behavior during the drying process SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE; FORMATION IN-VITRO; HYDROXYAPATITE; CEMENT; TEMPERATURE; TRANSFORMATION; TRANSITION; APATITE; BONE AB The hydrolysis of a-tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP) in a simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 degrees C was investigated. The hydration rate was found to be slower in SBF than that in deionized water. The concentration of ions in SBF was monitored by ICP. The hydrolysis product, which was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infra red, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, was determined to be carbonate-containing, calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CO3-CDHAp) with Mg2+, Na+, and Cl- impurities similar to the biological apatite. An amorphous layer on the alpha-TCP surface was found to be the precursor of the apatite phase, which may either form crystalline apatite or may decompose back to alpha-TCP at a lower temperature. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Akinc, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM makinc@iastate.edu NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 90 IS 8 BP 2315 EP 2321 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01682.x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 194YL UT WOS:000248379600002 ER PT J AU Nie, X Chen, WW Sun, X Templeton, DW AF Nie, Xu Chen, Weinong W. Sun, Xin Templeton, D.W. TI Dynamic failure of borosilicate glass under Compression/Shear loading experiments SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SODA-LIME GLASS; SMALL STEEL SPHERES; SILICON-CARBIDE; UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION; STRENGTH; IMPACT; SHEAR; CERAMICS; WAVES; CONFINEMENT AB Dynamic compression/shear experiments on a borosilicate glass at an average strain rate of 250 s(-1) are conducted using a modified version of a split Hopkinson pressure bar. Instead of applying confining pressure, cuboid specimens with the material axis inclining to the loading direction at different angles (0 degrees, 3 degrees, 5 degrees, and 7 degrees) are used to generate higher shear stresses. A highspeed digital camera, synchronized with the loading stress pulse, is used to record the dynamic crack initiation and propagation. Experimental results show that the equivalent stress at failure decreases with increasing shear portion in the stress. Digital images show that the cracks initiate randomly in the right specimen, whereas cracks initiate from the stress-concentrated corners in the inclined specimens. Subsequent crack propagation, despite specimen inclination angles, is along the specimen axis rather than the compressive loading direction. C1 Purdue Univ, AAE Sch, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Purdue Univ, MSE Sch, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. US Army Tank & Automot Res & Dev, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Chen, WW (reprint author), Purdue Univ, AAE Sch, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM wchen@purdue.edu NR 27 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 90 IS 8 BP 2556 EP 2562 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01819.x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 194YL UT WOS:000248379600040 ER PT J AU Fluegel, A AF Fluegel, Alexander TI Global model for calculating room-temperature glass density from the composition SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB A large silicate glass density database including 6719 compositions, obtained from SciGlass((c)) and other published sources, was systematically analyzed for agreement among room-temperature density data reported in the literature in 1030 different studies from various investigators. It was found that the literature data agree very well. Using just 101 of the initial 6719 degrees of freedom, 99.8% of the measured density data variance could be reproduced by an empirical polynomial model. The standard error of the developed model was 0.019 g/cm(3). C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Fluegel, A (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM fluegel@gmx.com NR 9 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 90 IS 8 BP 2622 EP 2625 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01751.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 194YL UT WOS:000248379600051 ER PT J AU Zhai, HJ Li, SD Wang, LS AF Zhai, Hua-Jin Li, Si-Dian Wang, Lai-Sheng TI Boronyls as key structural units in boron oxide clusters: B(BO)(2)(-) and B(BO)(3)(-) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; AB-INITIO; SOLID ARGON; B2O2; BO2; THERMOCHEMISTRY; OXIDATION; SPECTRA; OXYGEN AB Even though BO- is isoelectronic with CN-, the chemistry of BO- is relatively unknown. Here we report the first combined photoelectron spectroscopy and computational evidence that BO is a robust inorganic ligand that governs structural and electronic properties in B3O2- and B4O3-. Both anions yield similar and simple vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra. Theoretical calculations reveal that B3O2- possesses a linear OBBBO- structure (D-infinity h, (3)Sigma(g)) and B4O3- is a triangular B(BO)(3)(-) cluster (D-3h, (2)A(2)' '), which can be viewed as two and three boronyls bonded to a single B atom, respectively. The current finding suggests that boronyls may be key structural units in boron-rich boron oxide cluster and they can be used to design novel boronyl compounds. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99354 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat & Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Xinzhou Teachers Univ, Shanxi 034000, Peoples R China. RP Li, SD (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, 2710 Univ Dr,Richland, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM lisidian@yahoo.com; ls.wang@pnl.gov NR 19 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 129 IS 30 BP 9254 EP + DI 10.1021/ja072611y PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 193NQ UT WOS:000248281100004 PM 17622148 ER PT J AU Keating, GA Bogen, KT Chan, JM AF Keating, Garrett A. Bogen, Kenneth T. Chan, June M. TI Development of a meat frequency questionnaire for use in diet and cancer studies SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HETEROCYCLIC AMINE CONTENT; FOOD-FREQUENCY; COOKED FOODS; VARYING DEGREES; COOKING; VALIDATION; TEMPERATURE; ASSESSMENTS; PRODUCTS; VALIDITY AB Objective: To develop a meat frequency questionnaire to assess dietary heterocyclic amine intake. The meat frequency questionnaire is designed to obtain information on meat types, cooking methods, and doneness preferences that predict heterocyclic amine concentrations in different meats. Design: Total and specific meat intakes were determined by a standard food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and compared with that determined by the meat frequercy questionnaire. Subjects/setting: Three-hundred fourteen African-American males participating in a clinic-based study of prostate disease and heterocyclic amine intake were administered the two questionnaires in a cancer education center prior to undergoing screening evaluations for prostate disease. Main outcome measures: Fried, broiled, and grilled vs total meat intake was assessed using the meat frequency questionnaire vs FFQ, respectively. Specific meat items included in the meat frequency questionnaire were evaluated as factors potentially explaining discrepancies in meat intake estimated using the two questionnaires. Seasonal variation in meat intake was also examined. Statistical analysis: Correlation coefficients for intake of total meat and individual meat groups determined by FFQ vs meat frequency questionnaire were calculated. Seasonal differences in meat and estimated heterocyclic amine intakes were evaluated by t test, adjusted for multiple comparisons. Results: Meat intakes determined by the two questionnaires were well-correlated (Pearson r=0.69); however, total meat assessed by the meat frequency questionnaire exceeded total meat assessed by the FFQ in 30% of participants. Total energy and intake of heterocyclic amine-associated meat were greatest when the meat frequency questionnaire was administered during winter months. Conclusions: The heterocyclic amine meat frequency questionnaire provided a fractional measure of total meat intake and identified specific heterocyclic amine-containing meat items underreported in a standard FFQ. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Keating, GA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Box 808,L-396, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM keating2@llnl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA55861-01] NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 107 IS 8 BP 1356 EP 1362 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2007.05.011 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 197TE UT WOS:000248578600017 PM 17659903 ER PT J AU Gill, MK Kemblowski, MW Mckee, M AF Gill, M. Kashif Kemblowski, Mariush W. McKee, Mae TI Soil moisture data assimilation using support vector machines and ensemble Kalman filter SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE support vector machines; ensemble Kalman filter; statistical methods; optimization; inverse problem; soil moisture ID MODEL; PARAMETERS AB A hybrid data assimilation (DA) methodology that combines two state-of-the-art techniques, support vector machines (SVMs) and ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), is applied for soil moisture DA in this work. The SVM methodology provides a statistically sound and robust approach to solving the inverse problem, and thus to building statistical models. EnKF is an extension of the Kalman Filter (KF), a well-known tool in prediction updating. In the present research, ground measurements were used to build a SVM-type soil moisture predictor. Subsequent observations and their statistics were assimilated to update predictions from the SVM model by coupling it with EnKF. In this way, both model predictions and ground data, as well as their statistics, are fused thus minimizing the prediction error and making the predictions and observations statistically consistent. The results are shown for two approaches; one in which update is done at every time step and the other which assumes that data is only available at alternate time steps (in window of 10 time steps) and hence update is performed at those occasions. The SVM-EnKF coupling is shown to improve soil moisture forecasts in an example using data from the Soil Climate Analysis Network site at Ames, Iowa. C1 Utah State Univ, Utah Water Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Gill, MK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM kashif@cc.usu.edu NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1004 EP 1015 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 199FU UT WOS:000248682400016 ER PT J AU Romero, LA Dickey, FM AF Romero, Louis A. Dickey, Fred M. TI Theory of optimal beam splitting by phase gratings. I. One-dimensional gratings SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION EFFICIENCY; DAMMANN GRATINGS; ELEMENTS; INTENSITY; DESIGN AB We give an analytical basis for the theory of optimal beam splitting by one-dimensional gratings. In particular, we use methods from the calculus of variations to derive analytical expressions for the optimal phase function. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Romero, LA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM lromero@sandia.gov NR 26 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 24 IS 8 BP 2280 EP 2295 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.24.002280 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA 191OI UT WOS:000248140300016 PM 17621332 ER PT J AU Romero, LA Dickey, FM AF Romero, Louis A. Dickey, Fred M. TI Theory of optimal beam splitting by phase gratings. II. Square and hexagonal gratings SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article AB We use the calculus of variations to give a general theory for finding optimal square and hexagonal phase gratings for doing beam splitting. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Romero, LA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM lromero@sandia.gov NR 12 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 24 IS 8 BP 2296 EP 2312 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.24.002296 PG 17 WC Optics SC Optics GA 191OI UT WOS:000248140300017 PM 17621333 ER PT J AU Ardavan, H Ardavan, A Singleton, J Fasel, J Schmidt, A AF Ardavan, Houshang Ardavan, Arzhang Singleton, John Fasel, Joseph Schmidt, Andrea TI Morphology of the nonspherically decaying radiation beam generated by a rotating superluminal source SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID POLARIZATION CURRENTS; DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS; ELECTROMAGNETIC-RADIATION; GIANT PULSES; CRAB PULSAR; PLASMA; LIGHT AB We consider the nonspherically decaying radiation field that is generated by a polarization current with a superluminally rotating distribution pattern in vacuum, a field that decays with the distance R-P from its source as R-P(-1/2), instead of R-P(-1). It is shown (i) that the nonspherical decay of this emission remains in force at all distances from its source independently of the frequency of the radiation, (ii) that the part of the source that makes the main contribution toward the value of the nonspherically decaying field has a filamentary structure whose radial and azimuthal widths become narrower (as R-P(-2) and R-P(-3), respectively) the farther the observer is from the source, (iii) that the loci on which the waves emanating from this filament interfere constructively delineate a radiation subbeam that is nondiffracting in the polar direction, (iv) that the cross-sectional area of each nondiffracting subbeam increases as R-P, instead of R-P(2), so that the requirements of conservation of energy P are met by the nonspherically decaying radiation automatically, and (v) that the overall radiation beam within which the field decays nonspherically consists, in general, of the incoherent superposition of such coherent nondiffracting subbeams. These findings are related to the recent construction and use of superluminal sources in the laboratory and numerical models of the emission from them. We also briefly discuss the relevance of these results to the giant pulses received from pulsars. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RP Singleton, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jsingle@lonl.gov OI Schmidt, Andrea/0000-0002-5017-1030 NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 24 IS 8 BP 2443 EP 2456 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.24.002443 PG 14 WC Optics SC Optics GA 191OI UT WOS:000248140300033 PM 17621349 ER PT J AU Wunderlich, B AF Wunderlich, B. TI Thermal analysis of macromolecules - A personal review SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Technical Conference of the North-American-Thermal-Analysis-Society CY AUG 06-09, 2006 CL Bowling Green, KY SP N Amer Thermal Anal Soc DE DSC; fifty-year review; macromolecules; molecular motion; nonequilibrium; phases; thermal analysis; thermodynamics; TMDSC ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; TEMPERATURE-MODULATED CALORIMETRY; GLASS-TRANSITION REGION; EXTENDED-CHAIN CRYSTALS; LINEAR HIGH POLYMERS; HEAT-CAPACITY MEASUREMENTS; MOLECULE SINGLE-CRYSTALS; STATE C-13 NMR; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; SEMIFLEXIBLE MESOGEN 1-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-2-(2-METHYL-4-HYDROXYPHENYL)ETHANE AB This review traces the development of thermal analysis over the last 50 years as it was experienced and contributed to by the author. The article touches upon the beginning of calorimetry and thermal analysis of polymers, the development of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), single-run DSC, and other special instrumentations, up to the recent addition of modulation to calorimetry and superfast calorimetry. Many new words and phrases have been introduced to the field by the author and his students, leaving a trail of the varied interests over 50 years. It began with cold crystallization and more recently the terms oriented, intermediate phase, glass transitions of crystals, and decoupled chain segments were coined. In-between the following phenomena were named and studied: extended-chain crystals, irreversible thermodynamics of melting of polymer crystals, zero-entropy-production melting, dynamic differential thermal analysis (DDTA), the rule of constant increase of C (p) per mobile bead within a molecule at the glass transition temperature, superheating of polymer crystals, melting kinetics, crystallization during polymerization, chin-folding principle, molecular nucleation, rigid amorphous phase, system of classifying molecules, macroconformations, amorphous defects, rules for the entropy of fusion based on molecular shape and flexibility, single-molecule single-crystals, systems for classifying phases and mesophases including condis phases, and the globally metastable semicrystalline polymers with reversible, local subsystems. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM Wunderlich@CharterTN.net NR 398 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-6150 EI 1588-2926 J9 J THERM ANAL CALORIM JI J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 89 IS 2 BP 321 EP 356 DI 10.1007/s10973-006-8219-5 PG 36 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 192AB UT WOS:000248172000003 ER PT J AU Burnham, K Weese, RK Wemhoff, AP Maienschein, JL AF Burnham, K. Weese, R. K. Wemhoff, A. P. Maienschein, J. L. TI A historical and current perspective on predicting thermal cookoff behavior SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Technical Conference of the North-American-Thermal-Analysis-Society CY AUG 06-09, 2006 CL Bowling Green, KY SP N Amer Thermal Anal Soc DE chemical kinetics; energetic materials; explosives; thermal explosions; thermal ignition ID DECOMPOSITION; HMX AB Prediction of thermal explosions using chemical kinetic models dates back nearly a century. However, it has only been within the past 25 years that kinetic models and digital computers made reliable predictions possible. Two basic approaches have been used to derive chemical kinetic models for high explosives: [1] measurement of the reaction rate of small samples by mass loss (thermogravimetric analysis, TG), heat release (differential scanning calorimetry, DSC), or evolved gas analysis (mass spectrometry, infrared spectrometry, etc.) or [2] inference from larger-scale experiments measuring the critical temperature (T(m), lowest T for self-initiation), the time to explosion as a function of temperature, and sometimes a few other results, such as temperature profiles. Some of the basic principles of chemical kinetics involved are outlined, and major advances in these two approaches through the years are reviewed. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Burnham, K (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM burnham1@llnl.gov NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-6150 J9 J THERM ANAL CALORIM JI J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 89 IS 2 BP 407 EP 415 DI 10.1007/s10973-006-8161-6 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 192AB UT WOS:000248172000013 ER PT J AU Erickson, KL AF Erickson, K. L. TI Thermal decomposition mechanisms common to polyurethane, epoxy, poly(diallyl phthalate), polycarbonate and poly(phenylene sulfide) SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Technical Conference of the North-American-Thermal-Analysis-Society CY AUG 06-09, 2006 CL Bowling Green, KY SP N Amer Thermal Anal Soc DE decomposition; epoxy; polycarbonate; poly(diallyl phthalate); poly(phenylene sulphide); polyurethane ID STEP KINETICS APPROXIMATION; CURING CYCLE SELECTION; MODEL-FREE KINETICS; POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE); THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS; ACTIVATION-ENERGIES; DIAMINE SYSTEM; DEGRADATION; POLYMERS; COPOLYMERS AB Thermal decomposition of polyurethane, epoxy, poly(diallyl phthalate), polycarbonate, and poly(phenylene sulfide) was examined using a combination of thermal and chemical analysis techniques. Thermal gravimetric analysis with simultaneous analysis of evolved gases by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and gas chromatography coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to obtain rate data, determine enthalpy changes, and identify decomposition products. Examination of the evolved decomposition products indicated a common set of chain scission mechanisms involving the aromatic moieties in each of the polymer materials studied. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Erickson, KL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM klerick@sandia.gov NR 69 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-6150 J9 J THERM ANAL CALORIM JI J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 89 IS 2 BP 427 EP 440 DI 10.1007/s10973-006-8218-6 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 192AB UT WOS:000248172000015 ER PT J AU Weese, RK Burnham, AK Turner, HC Tran, TD AF Weese, R. K. Burnham, A. K. Turner, Heidi C. Tran, T. D. TI Exploring the physical, chemical and thermal characteristics of a new potentially insensitive high explosive RX-55-AE-5 SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Technical Conference of the North-American-Thermal-Analysis-Society CY AUG 06-09, 2006 CL Bowling Green, KY SP N Amer Thermal Anal Soc DE coefficient of thermal expansion; energetic materials; insensitive explosives; specific heat capacity; thermal conductivity; thermal decomposition kinetics ID CONDUCTIVITY; EXPANSION; TATB AB Current work at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) includes both understanding properties of old explosives and measuring properties of new ones. The necessity to know and understand the properties of energetic materials is driven by the need to improve performance and enhance stability to various stimuli, such as thermal, friction and impact insult. This paper will concentrate on the physical properties of RX-55-AE-5, which is formulated from heterocyclic explosive, 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide, LLM-105, and 2.5% Viton A. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to measure a specific heat capacity, C-p, of approximate to 0.950 J g(-1) degrees C-1, and a thermal conductivity, kappa, of approximate to 0.475 W m(-1) degrees C-1. The LLNL kinetics modeling code Kinetics05 and the Advanced Kinetics and Technology Solutions (AKTS) code thermokinetics were both used to calculate Arrhenius kinetics for decomposition of LLM-105. Both obtained an activation energy barrier E approximate to 180 kJ mol(-1) for mass loss in an open pan. Thermal mechanical analysis, TMA, was used to measure the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The CTE for this formulation was calculated to be approximate to 61 mu m m(-1) degrees C-1. Impact, spark, friction are also reported. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Burnham, AK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, POB 808,L-282, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM burnham1@llnl.gov NR 18 TC 9 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-6150 J9 J THERM ANAL CALORIM JI J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 89 IS 2 BP 465 EP 473 DI 10.1007/s10973-006-8163-4 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 192AB UT WOS:000248172000020 ER PT J AU Pitchimani, R Zheng, W Simon, SL Hope-Weeks, LJ Burnham, AK Weeks, BL AF Pitchimani, R. Zheng, W. Simon, S. L. Hope-Weeks, L. J. Burnham, A. K. Weeks, B. L. TI Thermodynamic analysis of pure and impurity doped pentaerythritol tetranitrate crystals grown at room temperature SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Technical Conference of the North-American-Thermal-Analysis-Society CY AUG 06-09, 2006 CL Bowling Green, KY SP N Amer Thermal Anal Soc DE activation energy; evaporation rate; pure and doped PETN; TG ID TAILOR-MADE ADDITIVES; MOLECULAR-CRYSTALS; MORPHOLOGY AB Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) powders are used to initiate other explosives. During long-term storage, changes in powder properties can cause changes in the initiation performance. Changes in the morphology and surface area of aging powders are observed due to sublimation and growth of PETN crystals through coarsening mechanisms, (e.g. Ostwald ripening, sintering, etc.). In order to alleviate the sublimation of PETN crystals under service conditions, stabilization methods such as thermal cycling and doping with certain impurities during or after the crystallization of PETN have been proposed. In this report we present our work on the effect of impurities on the morphology and activation energy of the PETN crystals. The pure and impurity doped crystals of PETN were grown from supersaturated acetone solution by solvent evaporation technique at room temperature. The difference in the morphology of the impurity-doped PETN crystal compared to pure crystal was examined by optical microscopy. The changes in the activation energies and the evaporation rates are determined by thermogravimetry (TG). Our activation energies of evaporation agree with earlier reported enthalpies of vaporization. The morphology and activation energy of PETN crystals doped with Ca, Na, and Fe cations are similar to that for pure PETN crystal, whereas the Zn-ion-doped PETN crystals have different morphology and decreased activation energy. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Weeks, BL (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Box 43121, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM Brandon.Weeks@ttu.edu RI Simon, Sindee/M-9372-2013; Weeks, Brandon/P-6331-2014 OI Simon, Sindee/0000-0001-7498-2826; Weeks, Brandon/0000-0003-2552-4129 NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-6150 EI 1572-8943 J9 J THERM ANAL CALORIM JI J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 89 IS 2 BP 475 EP 478 DI 10.1007/s10973-006-8462-9 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 192AB UT WOS:000248172000021 ER PT J AU Burnham, AK Dinh, LN AF Burnham, A. K. Dinh, L. N. TI A comparison of isoconversional and model-fitting approaches to kinetic parameter estimation and application predictions SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Technical Conference of the North-American-Thermal-Analysis-Society CY AUG 06-09, 2006 CL Bowling Green, KY SP N Amer Thermal Anal Soc DE ICTAC; isoconversional kinetics; kinetic models; model fitting ID COMPUTATIONAL ASPECTS; ACTIVATION-ENERGY; THERMAL-STABILITY; DECOMPOSITION; PROJECT; PART AB A variety of isoconversional and model fitting approaches, all of which use multiple heating schedules, are used to analyze selected data from the ICTAC kinetics and lifetime projects as well as additional simulated data sets created for this work. The objective is to compare the accuracy and suitability of various approaches for various types of chemical reactions. The various simulated data sets show that model fitting and isoconversional methods have comparable reliability for extrapolation outside the range of calibration. First, there is as much variability in prediction for various isoconversional methods as there is between isoconversional methods as a group and different plausible explicit models. Of the three isoconversional models investigated, the Friedman method is usually the most accurate. This is particularly true for energetic materials that have a drop in apparent activation energy in the latter stages of reaction, which leads to a delayed onset of rapid autocatalysis at lower temperatures. It is difficult to determine a priori whether isoconversional or model fitting approaches will give more accurate predictions. The greatest reliability is attained by using both the isoconversional and model fitting approaches on a combination of isothermal and constant heating rate data. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Burnham, AK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM burnham1@llnl.gov NR 20 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-6150 J9 J THERM ANAL CALORIM JI J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 89 IS 2 BP 479 EP 490 DI 10.1007/s10973-006-8486-1 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 192AB UT WOS:000248172000022 ER PT J AU Hopkins, WA Hopkins, LB Unrine, JM Snodgrass, J Elliot, JD AF Hopkins, William A. Hopkins, Laralea B. Unrine, Jason M. Snodgrass, Joel Elliot, James D. TI Mercury concentrations in tissues of osprey from the Carolinas, USA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE claw; feathers; kidney; liver; mercury; molt; osprey; Pandion haliaetus; South Carolina; talon ID EASTERN-UNITED-STATES; PANDION-HALIAETUS; CHEMICAL FORM; DIETARY METHYLMERCURY; FATHEAD MINNOWS; NECROPSY DATA; BIRDS; SEABIRDS; ACCUMULATION; FEATHERS AB Mercury (Hg) contamination is believed to be one of the most significant pollution hazards to wildlife in the southeastern United States, yet comprehensive studies of Hg contamination of piscivorous raptors are rare in this region. We analyzed total Hg (THg) concentration in tissues of 39 osprey (Pandion baliaetus) primarily from coastal counties of South Carolina, USA, to describe tissue distribution of Hg and to determine whether age or sex influenced Hg accumulation. To determine whether Hg poses health risks to osprey breeding in this region, we also measured selenium in all tissues and the percentage of THg that was methylated in a subset of individuals. Osprey with adult plumage tended to have higher and more variable Hg concentrations in their tissues than younger birds. Whereas highest concentrations of Hg were found in liver and kidney of older birds, chicks had highest concentrations in keratinized tissues. Mercury concentrations were correlated between feathers and soft tissues, but talon concentrations of Hg were better correlated with organs than to feathers in most cases. Contrary to previous studies on birds, we found no relationship between Hg concentration in primary feathers and the sequence in which the feather was molted. We attribute this observation to the irregular and protracted molting pattern of osprey. Also contrary to other studies, feather concentrations of Hg were considerably lower than concentrations in liver and kidney. Osprey with high concentrations of Hg in their livers and kidneys accumulated as much as 99% of it as Hg(II), suggesting that demethylation and sequestration of Hg(II) may be even more critical to mitigating adverse effects than it is for other birds that eliminate most of their Hg burden in feathers. In addition, selenium was co-sequestered with Hg in the liver and kidneys and may further mitigate any adverse effects. Based on these findings, we suggest that most osprey in this region are not currently at risk of Hg toxicosis, but recommend that additional ecotoxicological studies be performed to monitor risk to osprey in this coastal region facing heavy development. We also suggest that concentrations of Hg in talon and claw may serve as important indicators of previous exposure and provide useful information for natural resource managers seeking to assess health risks to birds. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Int Ctr Birds Prey, Charleston, SC 29402 USA. Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. RP Hopkins, WA (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 100 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM hopkinsw@vt.edu RI Snodgrass, Joel/C-5288-2016 NR 58 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 71 IS 6 BP 1819 EP 1829 DI 10.2193/2006-016 PG 11 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 198VK UT WOS:000248655400011 ER PT J AU Ishii, Y Noguchi, H Matsuda, Y Takeda, M Walker, SA Komistek, RD AF Ishii, Yoshinori Noguchi, Hideo Matsuda, Yoshikazu Takeda, Mitsuhiro Walker, Scott A. Komistek, Richard D. TI Effect of knee laxity on in vivo kinematics of meniscal-bearing knee prostheses SO KNEE LA English DT Article DE meniscal-bearing knee; kinematics; laxity; arthrometer ID CONDYLAR LIFT-OFF; FLUOROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; SCREW-HOME; ARTHROPLASTY; REPLACEMENTS AB Introduction: This Study determined the relationship between the in vivo kinematics and joint laxity of mobile-bearing knees. Materials and niethods: Ten subjects who were judged clinically successful after a posterior-cruciate-ligament-retaining mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasty were analyzed under dynamic conditions using fluoroscopy, following a quantitative evaluation of coronal and sagittal laxity using Telos and KT-2000 arthrometers under static conditions. Results: Under static conditions, the anteroposterior laxity averaged 10.3 mm at 30 degrees of flexion, and 8.3 mm at 75 degrees. Abduction and adduction at full extension averaged 3.7 and 4.4 mm, respectively. Under dynamic conditions, 7/10 subjects demonstrated posterior femoral rollback of their lateral condyle moving from full extension to maximum knee flexion, and 8/10 experienced normal axial rotation patterns during deep knee bend activity. Furthermore, 7/10 subjects exhibited screw-home motion. 4/10 subjects experienced greater than 1.0 mm of condylar liftoff. Conclusion: We could not predict a consistent relationship between the laxity and kinematics. The activity of the muscles and ligamentous tension under dynamic conditions might have a much greater effect on the kinematics with currently used prosthetic designs than the laxity of ligamentous structures under static conditions. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ishii Orthopaed & Rehabil Clin, Gyoda, Saitama 3610037, Japan. Rocky Mt Musculoskeletal Res Lab, Denver, CO USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Ishii, Y (reprint author), Ishii Orthopaed & Rehabil Clin, 1089 Shimo Oshi, Gyoda, Saitama 3610037, Japan. EM ishii@sakitama.or.jp NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0968-0160 J9 KNEE JI Knee PD AUG PY 2007 VL 14 IS 4 BP 269 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.knee.2007.04.002 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 202MS UT WOS:000248906400003 PM 17566742 ER PT J AU DiMambro, J Koech, IK Moore, DG Spencer, FW AF DiMambro, Joseph Koech, Isaac K. Moore, David G. Spencer, Floyd W. TI Investigating the performance of aged fluorescent penetrant materials SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article C1 Airworthiness Assurance NDI Validat Ctr, Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP DiMambro, J (reprint author), Airworthiness Assurance NDI Validat Ctr, Sandia Natl Labs, 3260 Spirit Dr SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM jdimamb@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 65 IS 8 BP 795 EP 798 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 197CH UT WOS:000248530600002 ER PT J AU Shin, Y Blackwood, JM Bae, IT Arey, BW Exarhos, GJ AF Shin, Yongsoon Blackwood, Jade M. Bae, In-Tae Arey, Bruce W. Exarhos, Gregory J. TI Synthesis and stabilization of selenium nanoparticles on cellulose nanocrystal SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE selenium; cellulose nanocrystal; nanomaterials; surface reduction ID TRIGONAL SE; NANOCOMPOSITES; MICROFIBRILS; SUSPENSIONS; REDUCTION AB Selenium nanoparticles of 10-20 nm in diameter have been prepared using cellulose nanocrystal (CNXL) as a reducing and structure-directing agent under hydrothermal conditions. Na2SeO3 was reduced to form elemental selenium nanoparticles under hydrothermal conditions. During the hydrothermal process (120-160 degrees C, CNXL rods were mainly maintained and selenium nanoparticles were interfacially bound to the CNXL surface. The reaction temperature affects the sizes of interfacially bound selenium nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were employed to characterize interfacially bound selenium nanoparticles on CNXL surface. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Shin, Y (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K2-44, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM yongsoon.shin@pnl.gov NR 21 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 3 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 61 IS 21 BP 4297 EP 4300 DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2007.01.091 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 200SJ UT WOS:000248782800017 ER PT J AU Miura, E Kato, H Ogata, T Nishiyama, N Specht, ED Shiraishi, T Inoue, A Hisatsune, K AF Miura, Eri Kato, Hidemi Ogata, Toshiaki Nishiyama, Nobuyuki Specht, Eliot D. Shiraishi, Takanobu Inoue, Akihisa Hisatsune, Kunihiro TI Mechanical property and corrosion resistance evaluations of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy brazed with bulk metallic glasses SO MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE bulk metallic glass; brazing filler; titanium-aluminum-niobium alloy; biomaterial; infrared joining; degradation test; artificial saliva; joint strength ID BRAZING FILLER METALS; BEHAVIOR; TITANIUM; TI; NB AB Exploitation of metallic glass as new brazing filler for Ti-based biomedical alloy was attempted. Ti-6Al-7Nb was used as a brazed material, and candidates of bulk metallic glass brazing filler were CU60Hf25Ti15, Mg65Cu25Gd10, Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 and Pd40Cu30P20Ni10. Convergence infrared-ray brazing was conducted for brazing Ti-6Al-7Nb/metallic glass in Ar atmosphere. After brazing, hardness measurement, X-ray tomography, cross-sectional observation, artificial saliva immersion test and tensile test were performed to evaluate brazability, mechanical property and corrosion resistance of the obtained brazing joints. The results of brazing using these metallic glass fillers show that all the metallic glasses were brazable to Ti-6Al-7Nb except for Mg65Cu25Gd10. Mg65Cu25Gd10, Cu60Hf25Ti15 and their-joints collapsed rapidly during immersion test. Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 joint was the best in terms of degradation resistance; however, tensile strength was inferior to the conventional one. Pd40Cu30Ni10P20 filler and Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 filler and their joints did not show any collapse or tarnish during the immersion test. Pd40Cu30Ni10P20 joint showed the excellent properties in terms of both corrosion resistance and tensile strength, which were superior to a joint brazed using Ti-15Cu-25Ni conventional filler. X-ray tomograph indicates that fracture tends to occur in the vicinity of the brazing interface after tensile test. The brazed metallic glass fillers were fully crystallized, excluding Pd40Cu30Ni10P20 filler. Pd40Cu30Ni10P20 brazed filler contained maple-leaf like primary dendrite, peritectoid and a few microns interfacial reaction layer in glassy matrix. The results indicated that Pd40Cu30Ni10P20 is promising brazing filler for dental or biomaterial devices. C1 Nagasaki Univ, Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Div Dent & Biomed Mat Sci, Nagasaki 8528588, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Nagasaki Univ, Sch Dent, Nagasaki 8528588, Japan. RIMCOF Tohoku Univ Lab, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Miura, E (reprint author), Nagasaki Univ, Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Div Dent & Biomed Mat Sci, Nagasaki 8528588, Japan. RI Miura-Fujiwara, Eri/A-1023-2010; Kato, Hidemi/B-2492-2015; Nishiyama, Nobuyuki/C-8228-2015; Inoue, Akihisa/E-5271-2015; Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Miura-Fujiwara, Eri/0000-0002-7672-3534; Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 13 PU JAPAN INST METALS PI SENDAI PA 1-14-32, ICHIBANCHO, AOBA-KU, SENDAI, 980-8544, JAPAN SN 1345-9678 EI 1347-5320 J9 MATER TRANS JI Mater. Trans. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 48 IS 8 BP 2235 EP 2243 DI 10.2320/matertrans.MER2007612 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 211GH UT WOS:000249511800048 ER PT J AU Chowell, G Diaz-Duenas, P Miller, JC Alcazar-Velazco, A Hyman, JM Fenimore, PW Castillo-Chavez, C AF Chowell, G. Diaz-Duenas, P. Miller, J. C. Alcazar-Velazco, A. Hyman, J. M. Fenimore, P. W. Castillo-Chavez, C. TI Estimation of the reproduction number of dengue fever from spatial epidemic data SO MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE dengue; dengue hemorrhagic fever; spatial epidemic data; mathematical model; stage progression; reproduction number; Colima; Mexico ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; AEDES-AEGYPTI; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; VIRUS; MEXICO; BRAZIL; DETERMINANTS; SEROTYPES; DYNAMICS AB Dengue, a vector-borne disease, thrives in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. A retrospective analysis of the 2002 dengue epidemic in Colima located on the Mexican central Pacific coast is carried out. We estimate the reproduction number from spatial epidemic data at the level of municipalities using two different methods: (1) Using a standard dengue epidemic model and assuming pure exponential initial epidemic growth and (2) Fitting a more realistic epidemic model to the initial phase of the dengue epidemic curve. Using Method 1, we estimate an overall mean reproduction number of 3.09 (95% Cl: 2.34,3.84) as well as local reproduction numbers whose values range from 1.24 (1.15,1.33) to 4.22 (2.90,5.54). Using Method 11, the overall mean reproduction number is estimated to be 2.0 (1.75,2.23) and local reproduction numbers ranging from 0.49 (0.0, 1.0) to 3.30 (1.63,4.97). Method I systematically overestimates the reproduction number relative to the refined Method II, and hence it would overestimate the intensity of interventions required for containment. Moreover, optimal intervention with defined resources demands different levels of locally tailored mitigation. Local epidemic peaks occur between the 24th and 35th week of the year, and correlate positively with the final local epidemic sizes (p = 0.92, P-value < 0.001). Moreover, final local epidemic sizes are found to be linearly related to the local population size (P-value < 0.001). This observation supports a roughly constant number of female mosquitoes per person across urban and rural regions. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies & Math Modeling, Anal Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Inst Mexicano Seguro Social, Colima 28010, Mexico. Arizona State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Chowell, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies & Math Modeling, Anal Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chowell@lanl.gov RI Chowell, Gerardo/A-4397-2008; Chowell, Gerardo/F-5038-2012; Castillo-Chavez, Carlos/E-1412-2014; Miller, Joel/C-4229-2015; Barley, Kamal/F-9579-2011 OI Chowell, Gerardo/0000-0003-2194-2251; Castillo-Chavez, Carlos/0000-0002-1046-3901; Miller, Joel/0000-0003-4426-0405; Barley, Kamal/0000-0003-1874-9813 NR 51 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0025-5564 J9 MATH BIOSCI JI Math. Biosci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 208 IS 2 BP 571 EP 589 DI 10.1016/j.mbs.2006.11.011 PG 19 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 205WU UT WOS:000249146100013 PM 17303188 ER PT J AU Molloy, S Frisch, J McCormick, D May, J Ross, M Smith, T Eddy, N Nagaitsev, S Rechenmacher, R Piccoli, L Baboi, N Hensler, O Petrosyan, L Napoly, O Paparella, R Simon, C AF Molloy, Stephen Frisch, Josef McCormick, Douglas May, Justin Ross, Marc Smith, Tonee Eddy, Nathan Nagaitsev, Sergei Rechenmacher, Ron Piccoli, Luciano Baboi, Nicoleta Hensler, Olaf Petrosyan, Lyudvig Napoly, Olivier Paparella, Rita Simon, Claire TI High precision SC cavity alignment measurements with higher order modes SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE higher order modes; BPM; superconducting cavity AB Experiments at the FLASH linac at DESY have demonstrated that the higher order modes (HOMs) induced in superconducting cavities can be used to provide a variety of beam and cavity diagnostics. The centres of the cavities can be determined from the beam orbit which produces minimum power in the dipole HOM modes. The phase and amplitude of the dipole modes can be used as a high resolution beam position monitor. For most superconducting accelerators, the existing HOM couplers provide the necessary signals, and the downmix and digitizing electronics are straightforward, similar to those for a conventional BPM. C1 SLAC, Stanford, CA USA. FNAL, Batavia, IL USA. DESY, Hamburg, Germany. CEA, DSM DAPNIA, Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Molloy, S (reprint author), SLAC, Stanford, CA USA. EM smolloy@slac.stanford.edu NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-0233 EI 1361-6501 J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL JI Meas. Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 18 IS 8 BP 2314 EP 2319 DI 10.1088/0957-0233/18/8/004 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 192VE UT WOS:000248230700006 ER PT J AU Bingert, JF Henrie, BL Worthington, DL AF Bingert, J. F. Henrie, B. L. Worthington, D. L. TI Three-dimensional characterization of incipiently spalled tantalum SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY; QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERIZATION; DUCTILE FRACTURE; DAMAGE EVOLUTION; DYNAMIC FAILURE; MODEL; MICROSTRUCTURES; BEHAVIOR; GROWTH; VISUALIZATION AB Three-dimensional (3-D) characterization techniques have been applied to quantitatively assess shock-induced damage in an incipiently spalled tantalum plate. A significant sample volume was imaged and volumetrically reconstructed via serial sectioning techniques. An analysis of segmented void damage revealed distributions regarding void size, morphology, spatial variations, and nearest-neighbor distances (NNDs). The latter two distributions highlight the necessity of 3-D data sets to capture the feature statistics. Very limited correlation was observed between void size and clustering tendency. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was applied to investigate spatial relationships between the damage features and the relative levels of induced plasticity. Large variations in microstructural character were found between different intervoid regions, independent of ligament width. The use of intragranular misorientation deviation (IMD) maps in two and three dimensions reveals surprisingly contiguous and complex plastic linkages not obviously predicted from the void-dominated damage field. Overall, 3-D characterization of shock-damaged material is shown to provide statistics and insight regarding the true damage field unobtainable from two-dimensional (2-D) data sets, and will provide meaningfully improved data for predictive damage models. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Stanley Associates Inc, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Design Inst, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Bingert, JF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bingert@lanl.gov NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 9 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 38A IS 8 BP 1712 EP 1721 DI 10.1007/s11661-007-9216-4 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 197RL UT WOS:000248573800005 ER PT J AU Wright, SI Nowell, MM Bingert, JF AF Wright, Stuart I. Nowell, Matthew M. Bingert, John F. TI A comparison of textures measured using X-ray and electron backscatter diffraction SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INDIVIDUAL ORIENTATION MEASUREMENTS; POLE FIGURES; THIN-FILMS; EBSD; RECRYSTALLIZATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; ALLOYS; SHEET AB Shortly after the initial development of an automated technique for measuring individual crystallographic orientations using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), several studies were undertaken to estimate the number of single orientation measurements necessary to achieve the statistics of more conventional texture measurement techniques such as pole figure measurement using X-ray diffraction. Since those early studies, the speed of modern EBSD systems has increased by nearly two orders of magnitude. Thus, the question of statistical reliability relative to X-ray diffraction measurements deserves revisiting. This investigation reconsiders the statistical variances between textures measured using individual orientation measurements and those measured using X-ray diffraction. In particular, textures measured by EBSD and X-ray diffraction in rolled stainless steel and in threaded steel rods are compared. Using comparisons of intensities in the orientation distribution functions (ODFs), volume fractions of key texture components and observed sample symmetry suggest that approximately 10,000 grain orientations need to be sampled in these materials of moderate texture strength. C1 EDAX TSL, Draper, UT 84020 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wright, SI (reprint author), EDAX TSL, Draper, UT 84020 USA. EM stuart.wright@ametek.com NR 46 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 10 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 38A IS 8 BP 1845 EP 1855 DI 10.1007/s11661-007-9226-2 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 197RL UT WOS:000248573800017 ER PT J AU Borg, L Gaffney, A DePaolo, D AF Borg, L. Gaffney, A. DePaolo, D. TI Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic systematics of NWA 032 SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys ID LUNAR VOLCANISM C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM borg5@llnl.gov RI Gaffney, Amy/F-8423-2014 OI Gaffney, Amy/0000-0001-5714-0029 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A22 EP A22 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800027 ER PT J AU Brownlee, DE Joswiak, D Matrajt, G Gainsforth, Z Butterworth, A Fakra, AS Marcus, MA Snead, C Westphal, AJ AF Brownlee, D. E. Joswiak, D. Matrajt, G. Gainsforth, Z. Butterworth, A. Fakra, A. S. Marcus, M. A. Snead, C. Westphal, A. J. TI Coordinated mineralogical autopsy of a fragment-rich comet particle collected by stardust SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys C1 Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A25 EP A25 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800033 ER PT J AU Dominguez, G Trigo-Rodriguez, JM Burchell, MJ Horz, F Llorca, J Tsou, P Anderson, B AF Dominguez, Gerardo Trigo-Rodriguez, Josep M. Burchell, Mark J. Horz, Fred Llorca, Jordi Tsou, Peter Anderson, Bill TI Analysis of factors contributing to bulbous capture tracks from cometary dust particles in Stardust aerogel collector SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys ID IMPACT C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. CSIC, Inst Space Sci, Barcelona 08193, Spain. IEEC, Barcelona 08034, Spain. Univ Kent, Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England. NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. Univ Politecn Catalunya, Inst Tecn Energet, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dynam & Energet Mat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gdominguez@ucsd.edu RI Llorca, Jordi/M-8134-2014 OI Llorca, Jordi/0000-0002-7447-9582 NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A37 EP A37 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800056 ER PT J AU Grant, PG Ishii, H Tsou, P Bradley, JP AF Grant, P. G. Ishii, H. Tsou, P. Bradley, J. P. TI A new method for the determination of the density of stardust aerogel with scanning transmission ion microscopy SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A59 EP A59 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800101 ER PT J AU Heber, VS Baur, H Burnett, DS Reisenfeld, DB Wieler, R Wiens, RC AF Heber, V. S. Baur, H. Burnett, D. S. Reisenfeld, D. B. Wieler, R. Wiens, R. C. TI Light noble gas composition of different solar wind regimes: results from genesis SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys C1 ETH, Isotope Geol & Mineral Resources, NW C, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. LANL, Space & Atmospher Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM heber@erdw.ethz.ch RI Wieler, Rainer/A-1355-2010; Reisenfeld, Daniel/F-7614-2015 OI Wieler, Rainer/0000-0001-5666-7494; NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A63 EP A63 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800109 ER PT J AU Jadhav, M Savina, MP Knight, KB Levine, J Pellin, MJ Amari, S Marhas, KK Zinner, E Maruoka, T Gallino, R AF Jadhav, M. Savina, M. P. Knight, K. B. Levine, J. Pellin, M. J. Amari, S. Marhas, K. K. Zinner, E. Maruoka, T. Gallino, R. TI NanoSIMS and RIMS isotopic studies of high-density graphite grains from Orgueil SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys C1 Washington Univ, Lab Space Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago Ctr Cosmochem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058572, Japan. EM manavijadhav@wustl.edu RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008; Maruoka, Teruyuki/B-3165-2014 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768; Maruoka, Teruyuki/0000-0001-5142-4151 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A76 EP A76 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800134 ER PT J AU Kearsley, AT Burche, MJ Wozniakiewicz, PJ Cole, MJ Graham, GA Blum, J Poppe, T AF Kearsley, A. T. Burche, M. J. Wozniakiewicz, P. J. Cole, M. J. Graham, G. A. Blum, J. Poppe, T. TI Complex craters on stardust aluminum foils: Experimental simulation of comet dust impact by porous aggregate particles SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys C1 Nat Hist Museum, London SW7 5BD, England. Univ Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BP, England. LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Geophys & Extraterr Phys, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. EM antk@nhm.ac.uk RI Blum, Jurgen/B-5590-2011 OI Blum, Jurgen/0000-0003-1531-737X NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A80 EP A80 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800143 ER PT J AU Kita, NT Hutcheon, ID Huss, GR Goodrich, CA AF Kita, N. T. Hutcheon, I. D. Huss, G. R. Goodrich, C. A. TI Al-26-Mg-26 and Mn-53-Cr-53 age of a feldspathic lithology in polymict ureilites SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys ID CLASTS; INCLUSIONS C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geol & Geophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Kingsborough Comm Coll, Dept Phys Sci, Brooklyn, NY USA. EM noriko@geology.wisc.edu NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A83 EP A83 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800149 ER PT J AU Kress, ME Tielens, AGGM Frenklach, M AF Kress, M. E. Tielens, A. G. G. M. Frenklach, M. TI The "soot line": Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in primitive chondrites as tracers of nebular conditions SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys C1 San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Ames, IA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mkress@science.sjsu.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A89 EP A89 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800160 ER PT J AU Lee, JY Wacker, JF Marti, K AF Lee, Jee-Yon Wacker, John F. Marti, Kurt TI Elemental and Xe isotopic structures in enstatite meteorites SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jiyonlee@ucsd.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A93 EP A93 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800169 ER PT J AU Paque, JM Ishii, HA Toppani, A Beckett, JR Bradley, JP Burnett, DS Teslich, N Moberlychan, W AF Paque, J. M. Ishii, H. A. Toppani, A. Beckett, J. R. Bradley, J. P. Burnett, D. S. Teslich, N. Moberlychan, W. TI Origin of boundary clinopyroxenes between spinel and melilite in type B1CAIs SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys C1 CALTECH, Div Geol & Plant Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. LLNL, Inst Geophys Planet Phys, Livermore, CA 94557 USA. Ctr Spectrometrie Nucl & Spectrometrie Masse, F-91405 Orsay, France. EM julie@paque.com NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A121 EP A121 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800225 ER PT J AU Veryovkin, IV Tripa, CE Savina, MR Pellin, MJ Burnett, DS AF Veryovkin, I. V. Tripa, C. E. Savina, M. R. Pellin, M. J. Burnett, D. S. TI Depth profiling of genesis solar wind collectors with laser post-ionization SNMS SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM verigo@anl.gov RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A156 EP A156 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800295 ER PT J AU Westphal, AJ Bajt, S Butterworth, AL Fakra, S Gainsforth, Z Marcus, MA Martin, MC Snead, CJ Tyliszczak, T AF Westphal, A. J. Bajt, S. Butterworth, A. L. Fakra, S. Gainsforth, Z. Marcus, M. A. Martin, M. C. Snead, C. J. Tyliszczak, T. TI Synchrotron-based organics and mineralogical survey of three stardust tracks SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 70th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 13-17, 2007 CL Tucson, AZ SP Meteorit Soc, Univ Arizona Lunar & Planetary Lab, Univ Arizona Dept Geosci, Univ Arizona Coll Sci, Life & Planets Astrobiol Ctr, NSF Arizona AMS Lab, SW Meteorite Ctr, Steward Observ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Planetary Sci Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Lockheed Martin, Cameca, New Wave, Planetary Studies Fdn, Thermo Finnigan, Univ Arizona Press, Tucson Visitors & Convent Bur, Univ Arizona Dept Phys ID COMET 81P/WILD-2 C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, SSL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. EM westphal@ssl.berkeley.edu RI Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 SU S BP A163 EP A163 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 200HZ UT WOS:000248755800309 ER PT J AU Andreeva, IS Pechurkina, NI Morozova, OV Ryabchikova, EI Belikov, SI Puchkova, LI Emel'yanova, EK Torok, T Repin, VE AF Andreeva, I. S. Pechurkina, N. I. Morozova, O. V. Ryabchikova, E. I. Belikov, S. I. Puchkova, L. I. Emel'yanova, E. K. Torok, T. Repin, V. E. TI The new eubacterium Roseomonas baikalica sp nov isolated from core samples collected by deep-hole drilling of the bottom of Lake Baikal SO MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE novel microorganism; phenotypic and genomic analysis; Lake Baikal; sedimentary rocks ID ACID; MICROORGANISMS; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTIONS; EXTRACTION; SEDIMENTS; BACTERIA; FRESH AB Microbiological analysis of samples of sedimentary rocks from various eras of the geological history of the Baikal rift has enabled us to isolate a large number of microorganisms that can be classified into new, previously undescribed species. The present work deals with the identification and study of the morphological, biochemical, and physiological properties of one such strain, Che 82, isolated from sample C-29 of 3.4-3.5 Maold sedimentary rocks taken at a drilling depth of 146.74 m. As a result of our investigations, strain Che 82 is described as a new bacterial species, Roseomonas baikalica sp. nov., belonging to the genus Roseomonas within the family Methylobacteriaceae, class Alphaproteobacteria. C1 Vektor State Res Ctr Virol & Biotechnol SRC VB Ve, Koltsov 630559, Novosibirsk Obl, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Inst Chem Biol & Fundamental Med, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Limnol, Siberian Div, Irkutsk 664033, Russia. LBNL Berkley, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Andreeva, IS (reprint author), Vektor State Res Ctr Virol & Biotechnol SRC VB Ve, Koltsov 630559, Novosibirsk Obl, Russia. EM andreeva@vector.nsc.ru RI Ryabchikova, Elena /G-3089-2013; OI Ryabchikova, Elena /0000-0003-4714-1524; Belikov, Sergei/0000-0001-7206-8299 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0026-2617 J9 MICROBIOLOGY+ JI Microbiology PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 4 BP 487 EP 493 DI 10.1134/S0026261707040157 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 201TQ UT WOS:000248855900015 ER PT J AU Panessa-Warren, BJ Tortora, GT Warren, JB AF Panessa-Warren, Barbara J. Tortora, George T. Warren, John B. TI High resolution FESEM and TEM reveal bacterial spore attachment SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE field emission scanning electron microscopy; Clostridium and Bacillus spores; spore attachment; human cells; transmission electron microscopy ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; CLOSTRIDIUM-SPOROGENES; GERMINATION; EXOSPORIUM; IDENTIFICATION; BIFERMENTANS; CONSERVATION; APPENDAGES; RESISTANCE; DIFFICILE AB Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies in the 1960s and early 1970s using conventional thin section and freeze fracture methodologies revealed ultrastructural bacterial spore appendages. However, the limited technology at that time necessitated the time-consuming process of imaging serial sections and reconstructing each structure. Consequently, the distribution and function of these appendages and their possible role in colonization or pathogenesis remained unknown. By combining high resolution field emission electron microscopy with TEM images of identical bacterial spore preparations, we have been able to obtain images of intact and sectioned Bacillus and Clostridial spores to clearly visualize the appearance, distribution, resistance (to trypsin, chloramphenicol, and heat), and participation of these structures to facilitate attachment of the spores to glass, agar, and human cell substrates. Current user-friendly commercial field emission scanning electron microscopes (FESEMs), permit high resolution imaging, with high brightness guns at lower accelerating voltages for beam sensitive intact biological samples, providing surface images at TEM magnifications for making direct comparisons. For the first time, attachment structures used by pathogenic, environmental, and thermophile bacterial spores could be readily visualized on intact spores to reveal how specific appendages and outer spore coats participated in spore attachment, colonization, and invasion. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Univ Hosp, Clin Microbiol Lab, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Hlth Technol & Management, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Instrumentat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Panessa-Warren, BJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci, Bldg 480, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM bpanessa@bnl.gov NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 13 IS 4 BP 251 EP 266 DI 10.1017/S1431927607070651 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 195UE UT WOS:000248436600003 PM 17637074 ER PT J AU Drzymala, J Tyson, D Wheelock, TD AF Drzymala, J. Tyson, D. Wheelock, T. D. TI Presentation of particle beneficiation test results on an equal basis when yield and recovery are involved SO MINERALS & METALLURGICAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE particle beneficiation; separation curve; mineral separation; coal preparation AB Particle beneficiation tests are often conducted to determine how the recovery of a key component of a particle mixture varies with overall product yield, i.e., the separation curve. The results can be misleading when an attempt is made to determine the effect of feed grade by comparing separation curves representing different feed grades or key component concentrations. This is a shortcoming of the conventional recovery versus yield diagram, which may not appear to be affected by feed concentration. To overcome this shortcoming, a method is presented for transforming and normalizing the recovery and yield coordinates so that the separation curves representing different feed concentrations are directly comparable. C1 Wroclaw Tech Univ, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Biol & Chem Engn, Ames, IA USA. RP Drzymala, J (reprint author), Wroclaw Tech Univ, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MINING METALLURGY EXPLORATION INC PI LITTLETON PA 8307 SHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA SN 0747-9182 J9 MINER METALL PROC JI Miner. Metall. Process. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 24 IS 3 BP 145 EP 151 PG 7 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 202XE UT WOS:000248936900004 ER PT J AU Simonsen, L Viboud, C Grenfell, BT Dushoff, J Jennings, L Smit, M Macken, C Hata, M Gog, J Miller, MA Holmes, EC AF Simonsen, Lone Viboud, Cecile Grenfell, Bryan T. Dushoff, Jonathan Jennings, Lance Smit, Marita Macken, Catherine Hata, Mami Gog, Julia Miller, Mark A. Holmes, Edward C. TI The genesis and spread of reassortment human influenza A/H3N2 viruses conferring adamantane resistance SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE influenza virus; adamantane resistance; reassortment; hitch-hiking. natural selection ID LYMPHOCYTE ESCAPE MUTANTS; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; A VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; H3N2 VIRUSES; STRATEGIES; NUCLEOPROTEIN; SUBSTITUTION; EVOLUTION; REVEALS AB A dramatic rise in the frequency of resistance to adamantane drugs by influenza A (H3N2) viruses has occurred in recent years-from similar to 2% to similar to 90% in multiple countries worldwide-and associated with a single S31N amino acid replacement in the viral matrix M2 protein. To explore the emergence and spread of these adamantane resistant viruses we performed a phylogenetic analysis of recently sampled complete A/H3N2 genome sequences. Strikingly, all adamantane resistant viruses belonged to a single lineage (the "N-lineage") characterized by 17 amino acid replacements across the viral genome. Further, our analysis revealed that the genesis of the N-lineage was due to a 4+4 segment reassortment event involving 2 distinct lineages of influenza A/H3N2 virus. A subsequent study of hemagglutinin HA1 sequences suggested that the N-lineage was circulating widely in Asia during 2005, and then dominated the Northern hemisphere 2005-2006 season in Japan and the USA. Given the infrequent use of adamantane drugs in many Countries, as well as the decades of use in the US associated with little drug resistance, we propose that the globally increasing frequency of adamantane resistance is more likely attributable to its interaction with fitness enhancing mutations at other genomic sites rather than to direct drug selection pressure. This implies that adamantanes may not be useful for treatment and prophylaxis against influenza viruses in the long term. More generally, these findings illustrate that drug selection pressure is not the sole factor determining the evolution and maintenance of drug resistance in human pathogens. C1 NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Fogarty Int Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Canterbury Hlth Labs, Christchurch, New Zealand. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Aichi Prefectural Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Microbiol, Nagoya, Aichi 462, Japan. Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England. RP Holmes, EC (reprint author), NIAID, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM ech15@psu.edu OI Simonsen, Lone/0000-0003-1535-8526; Holmes, Edward/0000-0001-9596-3552 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM071508] NR 33 TC 111 Z9 115 U1 1 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0737-4038 J9 MOL BIOL EVOL JI Mol. Biol. Evol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 24 IS 8 BP 1811 EP 1820 DI 10.1093/molbev/msm103 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 201QT UT WOS:000248848400028 PM 17522084 ER PT J AU Jaitly, G Bonneil, E Jaitly, N Pomies, C Marcantonio, M Drogaris, P Thibault, P AF Jaitly, G. Bonneil, E. Jaitly, N. Pomies, C. Marcantonio, M. Drogaris, P. Thibault, P. TI Profiling unlabeled peptide ions: A versatile approach to quantitative proteomics and to mapping of post-translational modifications SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jaitly, G.; Bonneil, E.; Pomies, C.; Drogaris, P.; Thibault, P.] Univ Montreal, Inst Res Immunol & Canc, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Jaitly, N.] Univ Montreal, Dept Chem, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Thibault, P.] Univ Montreal, Dept Biochem, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Marcantonio, M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD AUG PY 2007 VL 6 IS 8 SU S BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 264OX UT WOS:000253299000004 ER PT J AU Dong, M Liu, H Allen, S Hall, S Fisher, S Hazen, T Geller, J Singer, M Yang, L Jin, J Biggin, M Witkowska, HE AF Dong, M. Liu, H. Allen, S. Hall, S. Fisher, S. Hazen, T. Geller, J. Singer, M. Yang, L. Jin, J. Biggin, M. Witkowska, H. E. TI Methodological refinements in iTRAQ reagent-based" tagless" strategy of identification and purification of soluble protein complexes in bacteria SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dong, M.; Fisher, S.; Hazen, T.; Geller, J.; Singer, M.; Yang, L.; Jin, J.; Biggin, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Liu, H.; Allen, S.; Hall, S.; Fisher, S.; Witkowska, H. E.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Cell & Tissue Biol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Dong, M.; Liu, H.; Allen, S.; Hall, S.; Fisher, S.; Hazen, T.; Geller, J.; Singer, M.; Yang, L.; Jin, J.; Biggin, M.; Witkowska, H. E.] Virtual Inst Microbial Stress & Survival, Berkeley, CA USA. RI Hazen, Terry/C-1076-2012 OI Hazen, Terry/0000-0002-2536-9993 NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD AUG PY 2007 VL 6 IS 8 SU S BP 23 EP 23 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 264OX UT WOS:000253299000022 ER PT J AU Wu, S Lourette, N Tolic, N Zhao, R Manes, N Estep, R Wong, S Adkins, J Smith, R Ljiljana, PT AF Wu, S. Lourette, N. Tolic, N. Zhao, R. Manes, N. Estep, R. Wong, S. Adkins, J. Smith, R. Ljiljana, P. -T. TI Proteome profiling using an integrated top-down and bottom-up strategy SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wu, S.; Lourette, N.; Tolic, N.; Zhao, R.; Manes, N.; Adkins, J.; Smith, R.; Ljiljana, P. -T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA USA. [Estep, R.; Wong, S.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Vaccine & Gene Therapy Inst, Beaverton, OR USA. RI Manes, Nathan/E-2817-2012 OI Manes, Nathan/0000-0001-6701-3314 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD AUG PY 2007 VL 6 IS 8 SU S BP 64 EP 64 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 264OX UT WOS:000253299000110 ER PT J AU Anderson, JC Voigt, CA Arkin, AP AF Anderson, J. Christopher Voigt, Christopher A. Arkin, Adam P. TI Environmental signal integration by a modular AND gate SO MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE genetic circuit; logic gate; signal integration; synthetic biology ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; NETWORKS; BACTERIA; SYSTEM; EVOLUTION; BIOLOGY AB Microorganisms use genetic circuits to integrate environmental information. We have constructed a synthetic AND gate in the bacterium Escherichia coli that integrates information from two promoters as inputs and activates a promoter output only when both input promoters are transcriptionally active. The integration occurs via an interaction between an mRNA and tRNA. The first promoter controls the transcription of a T7 RNA polymerase gene with two internal amber stop codons blocking translation. The second promoter controls the amber suppressor tRNA supD. When both components are transcribed, T7 RNA polymerase is synthesized and this in turn activates a T7 promoter. Because inputs and outputs are promoters, the design is modular; that is, it can be reconnected to integrate different input signals and the output can be used to drive different cellular responses. We demonstrate this modularity by wiring the gate to integrate natural promoters (responding to Mg2+ and AI-1) and using it to implement a phenotypic output (invasion of mammalian cells). A mathematical model of the transfer function is derived and parameterized using experimental data. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, QB3 Calif Inst Quantitat Biol Res, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Howard Hughes Med Inst,Phys Biosci Div, Dept Bioengn,QB3 Calif Inst Quantitat Biol Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Voigt, CA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, QB3 Calif Inst Quantitat Biol Res, Box 2540,Room 408C,1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. EM cavoigt@picasso.ucsf.edu RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008 OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931 FU NEI NIH HHS [EY016546, PN1 EY016546, PN2 EY016546]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI067699, R01 AI067699, R56 AI067699] NR 33 TC 175 Z9 176 U1 4 U2 40 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1744-4292 J9 MOL SYST BIOL JI Mol. Syst. Biol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 3 AR 133 DI 10.1038/msb4100173 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 207AJ UT WOS:000249223700001 PM 17700541 ER PT J AU Martinson, ABF Elam, JW Hupp, JT Pellin, MJ AF Martinson, Alex B. F. Elam, Jeffrey W. Hupp, Joseph T. Pellin, Michael J. TI ZnO nanotube based dye-sensitized solar cells SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; ENERGY-CONVERSION; ANODIC ALUMINA; RECOMBINATION; FILMS; DYNAMICS; LIFETIME; ARRAYS AB We introduce high surface area ZnO nanotube photoanodes templated by anodic aluminum oxide for use in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Atomic layer deposition is utilized to coat pores conformally, providing a direct path for charge collection over tens of micrometers thickness. Compared to similar ZnO-based devices, ZnO nanotube cells show exceptional photovoltage and fill factors, in addition to power efficiencies up to 1.6%. The novel fabrication technique provides a facile, metal-oxide general route to well-defined DSSC photoanodes. C1 Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hupp, JT (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM J-hupp@northwestern.edu RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008; Hupp, Joseph/K-8844-2012; Wei, Zhanhua/D-7544-2013; OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768; Hupp, Joseph/0000-0003-3982-9812; Wei, Zhanhua/0000-0003-2687-0293; Martinson, Alex/0000-0003-3916-1672 NR 25 TC 546 Z9 561 U1 35 U2 367 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2183 EP 2187 DI 10.1021/nl070160+ PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800003 PM 17602535 ER PT J AU Yu, Z McKnight, TE Ericson, MN Melechko, AV Simpson, ML Morrison, B AF Yu, Zhe McKnight, Timothy E. Ericson, M. Nance Melechko, Anatoli V. Simpson, Michael L. Morrison, Barclay, III TI Vertically aligned carbon nanofiber arrays record electrophysiological signals from hippocampal slices SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SOURCE DENSITY ANALYSIS; LARGE-SCALE SYNTHESIS; SILICON-BASED ARRAYS; MICROELECTRODE ARRAY; BRAIN-SLICES; BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTIONALIZATION; FIBER MICROELECTRODE; ELECTRODES; STIMULATION AB Vertically aligned carbon nanofiber (VACNF) electrode arrays were tested for their potential application in recording neuro-electrophysiological activity. We report, for the first time, stimulation and extracellular recording of spontaneous and evoked neuroelectrical activity in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures with ultramicroelectrode VACNF arrays. Because the electrodes are carbon-based, these arrays have potential advantages over metal electrodes and could enable a variety of future applications as precise, informative, and biocompatible neural interfaces. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Monolith Syst Dev Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Morrison, B (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, 1210 Amsterdam Ave,351 Engn Terrace, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM bm2119@columbia.edu RI Morrison, Barclay/B-7132-2008; Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; McKnight, Tim/H-3087-2011; Yu, Zhe/K-6180-2013; Ericson, Milton/H-9880-2016 OI Morrison, Barclay/0000-0001-7676-0864; Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; McKnight, Tim/0000-0003-4326-9117; Yu, Zhe/0000-0002-1401-2294; Ericson, Milton/0000-0002-6628-4865 FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01EB006316]; NINDS NIH HHS [1R21NS052794] NR 72 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2188 EP 2195 DI 10.1021/nl070291a PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800004 PM 17604402 ER PT J AU Tretiak, S AF Tretiak, Sergei TI Triplet state absorption in carbon nanotubes: A TD-DFT study SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXCITONS; MOLECULES; DYNAMICS AB We predict properties of triplet excited states in single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT). We show that the lowest triplet state energy in CNTs to be about 0.2-0.3 eV lower than the lowest singlet state energies. Like in pi-conjugated polymers, the lowest CNT triplets are spatially localized. These states show strong optical absorption at about 0.5-0.6 eV to the higher lying delocalized triplet states. These results demonstrate striking similarity of the electronic features between CNTs and pi-conjugated polymers and provide explicit guidelines for spectroscopic detection of CNT triplet states. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, CINT, CNLS, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tretiak, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CINT, CNLS, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM serg@lanl.gov RI Tretiak, Sergei/B-5556-2009 OI Tretiak, Sergei/0000-0001-5547-3647 NR 35 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2201 EP 2206 DI 10.1021/nl070355h PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800006 PM 17497817 ER PT J AU Hooker, JM Datta, A Botta, M Raymond, KN Francis, MB AF Hooker, Jacob M. Datta, Ankona Botta, Mauro Raymond, Kenneth N. Francis, Matthew B. TI Magnetic resonance contrast agents from viral capsid shells: A comparison of exterior and interior cargo strategies SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-RELAXIVITY; SURFACE MODIFICATION; PROTEIN CAGE; MRI; GD; NANOPARTICLES; COORDINATION; CONJUGATION; ATTACHMENT; COMPLEXES AB Two high-relaxivity nanoscale magnetic resonance contrast agents have been built using bacteriophage MS2 as a biomolecular scaffold. Protein capsid shells were functionalized on either the exterior or interior surface to display multiple copies of an aldehyde functional group. Subsequently, similar to 90 heteropodal bis(hydroxypyridonate)terephthalamide ligands were attached to these sites through oxime condensation reactions. Upon complexation with Gd3+, contrast agents with ionic relaxivities of up to 41.6 mM(-1) s(-1) (30 MHz, 25 degrees C) and total molecular relaxivities of up to 3900 mM(-1) s(-1) (30 MHz, 25 degrees C) were produced. Capsids sequestering the Gd-chelates on the interior surface (attached through tyrosine residues) not only provided higher relaxivities than their exterior functionalized counterparts (which relied on lysine modification) but also exhibited improved water solubility and capsid stability. The attachment functional cargo to the interior surface is envisioned to minimize its influences on biodistribution, yielding significant advantages for tissue targeting by additional groups attached to the capsid exterior. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Piemonte Orientale, Dipartimento Sci Ambiente & Vita, Alessandria, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Francis, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM francis@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Botta, Mauro/E-9049-2011; OI Hooker, Jacob/0000-0002-9394-7708; Botta, Mauro/0000-0003-4192-355X FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01-HL69832]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM072700-01] NR 26 TC 99 Z9 100 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2207 EP 2210 DI 10.1021/nl070512c PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800007 PM 17630809 ER PT J AU Calarco, R Meijers, RJ Debnath, RK Stoica, T Sutter, E Luth, H AF Calarco, Raffaella Meijers, Ralph J. Debnath, Ratan K. Stoica, Toma Sutter, Eli Luth, Hans. TI Nucleation and growth of GaN nanowires on Si(111) performed by molecular beam epitaxy SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INAS NANOWIRES; NANOWHISKERS; NANOCOLUMNS AB GaN nanowires (NWs) have been grown on Si(111) substrates by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE). The nucleation process of GaN-NWs has been investigated in terms of nucleation density and wire evolution with time for a given set of growth parameters. The wire density increases rapidly with time and then saturates. The growth period until the nucleation of new nanowires is terminated can be defined as the nucleation stage. Coalescence of closely spaced nanowires reduces the density for long deposition times. The average size of the well-nucleated NWs shows linear time dependence in the nucleation stage. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy measurements of alternating GaN and AlN layers give valuable information about the length and radial growth rates for GaN and AlN in NWs. C1 Res Ctr Julich GmbH, Inst Bio & Nanosyst IBN 1, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Res Ctr Julich GmbH, Ctr Nanoelect Syst Informat Technol, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Calarco, R (reprint author), Res Ctr Julich GmbH, Inst Bio & Nanosyst IBN 1, D-52425 Julich, Germany. EM r.calarco@fz-juelich.de RI Calarco, Raffaella/B-8218-2011; Debnath, Ratan/D-3629-2012; Debnath, Ratan/B-4678-2016 OI Debnath, Ratan/0000-0003-1343-7888 NR 15 TC 174 Z9 174 U1 3 U2 57 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2248 EP 2251 DI 10.1021/nl0707398 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800015 PM 17602537 ER PT J AU Kim, ZH Ahn, SH Liu, B Leone, SR AF Kim, Zee Hwan Ahn, Sung-Hyun Liu, Bing Leone, Stephen R. TI Nanometer-scale dielectric imaging of semiconductor nanoparticles: Size-dependent dipolar coupling and contrast reversal SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEAR-FIELD MICROSCOPY; OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; SPECTROSCOPY; ENHANCEMENT; SCATTERING; PROBES; SIGNAL; GAN AB Scattering-type apertureless near-field microscopy (ANSOM) provides high-resolution dielectric maps of indium gallium nitride (InGaN) semiconductor nanoparticles at visible (633 nm) wavelengths. A specific size-dependent contrast reversal is observed in the ANSOM images of InGaN nanoparticles grown on a layer of gallium nitride (GaN). Model calculations demonstrate that the observed contrast reversal is the result of the competition between the tip-particle versus tip-substrate dipolar coupling. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Korea Univ, Dept Chem, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Korea Univ, Ctr Electro & Photo Respons Mol, Seoul 136701, South Korea. RP Leone, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM srl@uclink.berkeley.edu RI Kim, Zee Hwan/A-9273-2010; Ahn, Sung-hyun/D-2884-2012 OI Ahn, Sung-hyun/0000-0002-3769-3467 NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2258 EP 2262 DI 10.1021/nl070753k PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800017 PM 17608441 ER PT J AU Shen, X Allen, PB Muckerman, JT Davenport, JW Zheng, JC AF Shen, Xiao Allen, Philip B. Muckerman, James T. Davenport, James W. Zheng, Jin-Cheng TI Wire versus tube: Stability of small one-dimensional ZnO nanostructures SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; CATALYTIC GROWTH; NANOTUBES; FABRICATION; NANOCABLES; PARAMETERS; ARRAYS; ROUTE AB This paper presents first-principles calculations for ultrasmall ZnO one-dimensional nanostructures. The calculations were done on ZnO nanowires and single-walled nanotubes with n atoms per periodic unit, where one periodic unit is made up of two ZnO layers. The calculations show that, for small n, a single-walled nanotube has lower energy than a nanowire. A crossover point near n = 38 is predicted. Vibrations and vibrational entropy of competing structures is discussed. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Computat Sci Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Shen, X (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM xshen@ic.sunysb.edu RI Zheng, JC/G-3383-2010; Muckerman, James/D-8752-2013 OI Zheng, JC/0000-0002-6292-3236; NR 33 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2267 EP 2271 DI 10.1021/nl070788k PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800019 PM 17608442 ER PT J AU Huang, JY AF Huang, J. Y. TI In situ observation of quasimelting of diamond and reversible graphite-diamond phase transformations SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; CARBON NANOTUBES; ELEMENTAL CARBON; GOLD PARTICLES; LIQUID CARBON; TEMPERATURE; PARAMETERS; DIAGRAM; ONIONS AB Because of technique difficulties in achieving the extreme high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) simultaneously, direct observation of the structures of carbon at extreme HPHT conditions has not been possible. Banhart and Ajayan discovered remarkably that carbon onions can act as nanoscopic pressure cells to generate high pressures. By heating carbon onions to similar to 700 degrees C and under electron beam irradiation, the graphite-to-diamond transformation was observed in situ by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, the highest achievable temperature in a TEM heating holder is less than 1000 degrees C. Here we report that, by using carbon nanotubes as heaters and carbon onions as high-pressure cells, temperatures higher than 2000 degrees C and pressures higher than 40 GPa were achieved simultaneously in carbon onions. At such HPHT conditions and facilitated by electron beam irradiation, the diamond formed in the carbon onion cores frequently changed its shape, size, orientation, and internal structure and moved like a fluid, implying that it was in a quasimelting state. The fluctuation between the solid phase of diamond and the fluid/amorphous phase of diamond-like carbon, and the changes of the shape, size, and orientation of the solid diamond, were attributed to the dynamic crystallization of diamond crystal from the quasimolten state and the dynamic graphite-diamond phase transformations. Our discovery offers unprecedented opportunities to studying the nanostructures of carbon at extreme conditions in situ and at an atomic scale. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, CINT, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Huang, JY (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, CINT, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jhuang@sandia.gov RI Huang, Jianyu/C-5183-2008 NR 39 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2335 EP 2340 DI 10.1021/nl0709975 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800031 PM 17628113 ER PT J AU Brown, S Musfeldt, JL Mihut, I Betts, JB Migliori, A Zak, A Tenne, R AF Brown, S. Musfeldt, J. L. Mihut, I. Betts, J. B. Migliori, A. Zak, A. Tenne, R. TI Bulk vs nanoscale WS2: Finite size effects and solid-state lubrication SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FULLERENE-LIKE NANOPARTICLES; CARBON NANOTUBES; INORGANIC NANOTUBES; HEAT AB To investigate phonon confinement in nanoscale metal dichalcogenides, we measured the low-temperature specific heat of layered and nanoparticle WS2. Below 9 K, the specific heat of the nanoparticles deviates from that of the bulk counterpart. Further, it deviates from the usual T (3) dependence below 4 K due to finite size effects that eliminate long wavelength acoustic phonons and interparticle-motion entropy. This separation of nanoscale effects from T-3 dependence can be modeled by assuming that the phonon density of states is flexible, changing with size and shape. We invoke relationships between the low-temperature T (3) phonon term, Young's modulus, and friction coefficient to assess the difference in the tribological properties. On the basis of this analysis, we conclude that the improved lubrication properties of the nanoparticles are extrinsic. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA NHMFL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Nanomat Ltd, IL-74140 Ness Ziona, Israel. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Mat & Interfaces, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Musfeldt, JL (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM musfeldt@utk.edu RI Stroe, Izabela/B-3790-2010 NR 24 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2365 EP 2369 DI 10.1021/nl0710147 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800036 PM 17637015 ER PT J AU Schrier, J Demchenko, DO Wang, LW AF Schrier, Joshua Demchenko, Denis O. Wang, Lin-Wang TI Optical properties of ZnO/ZnS and ZnO/ZnTe heterostructures for photovoltaic applications SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYBRID SOLAR-CELLS; ZNO NANOROD ARRAYS; ZINC-OXIDE; CONJUGATED POLYMER; NANOTUBE ARRAYS; FIELD-EMISSION; QUANTUM DOTS; CORE-SHELL; NANOSTRUCTURES; HETEROJUNCTION AB Although ZnO and ZnS are abundant, stable, and environmentally benign, their band gap energies (3.44, 3.72 eV, respectively) are too large for optimal photovoltaic efficiency. By using band-corrected pseudopotential density functional theory calculations, we study how the band gap, optical absorption, and carrier localization can be controlled by forming quantum-well-like and nanowire-based heterostructures of ZnO/ZnS and ZnO/ZnTe. In the case of ZnO/ZnS core/shell nanowires, which can be synthesized using existing methods, we obtain a band gap of 2.07 eV, which corresponds to a Shockley-Quiesser efficiency limit of 23%. On the basis of these nanowire results, we propose that ZnO/ZnS core/shell nanowires can be used as photovoltaic devices with organic polymer semiconductors as p-channel contacts. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schrier, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jschrier@lbl.gov RI Schrier, Joshua/B-6838-2009; wang, bo/F-9600-2014; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 58 TC 273 Z9 278 U1 27 U2 302 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2377 EP 2382 DI 10.1021/nl071027k PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800038 PM 17645365 ER PT J AU Souza, AG Meunier, V Terrones, M Sumpter, BG Barros, EB Villalpando-Paez, F Mendes, J Kim, YA Muramatsu, H Hayashi, T Endo, M Dresselhaus, MS AF Souza Filho, Antonio G. Meunier, Vincent Terrones, Mauricio Sumpter, Bobby G. Barros, Eduardo B. Villalpando-Paez, Federico Mendes Filho, Josue Kim, Yoong Ahm Muramatsu, Hiroyuki Hayashi, Takuya Endo, Morinobu Dresselhaus, Mildred S. TI Selective tuning of the electronic properties of coaxial nanocables through exohedral doping SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CARBON NANOTUBES AB The electronic properties of exohedrally doped double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) have been investigated using density functional theory and resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) measurements. First-principles calculations elucidate the effects of exohedral doping on the M@S and S@M systems, where a metallic (M) tube is either inside or outside a semiconducting (S) one. The results demonstrate that metallic nanotubes are extremely sensitive to doping even when they are inner tubes, in sharp contrast to semiconducting nanotubes, which are not affected by doping when the outer shell is a metallic nanotube (screening effects). The theoretical predictions are in agreement with RRS data on Br-2- and H2SO4-doped DWNTs. These results pave the way to novel nanoscale electronics via exohedral doping. C1 Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Fis, BR-60455900 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37922 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37922 USA. IPICyT, Adv Mat Dept, San Luis Potosi 78216, Mexico. Tohoku Univ, Dept Mat, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Shinshu Univ, Fac Engn, Nagano 3808553, Japan. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Souza, AG (reprint author), Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Fis, BR-60455900 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. EM agsf@fisica.ufc.br RI Villalpando, Federico/A-5791-2009; Muramatsu, Hiroyuki/B-8800-2011; Meunier, Vincent/F-9391-2010; BARROS, EDUARDO/A-4555-2013; Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013; Mendes Filho, Josue/K-7083-2013; UFC, DF/E-1564-2017; Universidade Federal do Ceara, Physics Department/J-4630-2016; Terrones, Mauricio/B-3829-2014; Souza, Antonio/D-8978-2011 OI Muramatsu, Hiroyuki/0000-0003-0332-6703; Meunier, Vincent/0000-0002-7013-179X; Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355; Universidade Federal do Ceara, Physics Department/0000-0002-9247-6780; Barros, Eduardo Bede/0000-0001-9210-9166; Souza, Antonio/0000-0003-3802-1168 NR 18 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2383 EP 2388 DI 10.1021/nl0710351 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800039 PM 17602599 ER PT J AU Yang, TH Yee, CK Amweg, ML Singh, S Kendall, EL Dattelbaum, AM Shreve, AP Brinker, CJ Parikh, AN AF Yang, Tsung-Han (Calvin) Yee, Chanel K. Amweg, Meri L. Singh, Seema Kendall, Eric L. Dattelbaum, Andrew M. Shreve, Andrew P. Brinker, C. Jeffrey Parikh, Atul N. TI Optical detection of ion-channel-induced proton transport in supported phospholipid bilayers SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MESOPOROUS THIN-FILMS; MEMBRANES; NANOSTRUCTURES; MONOLAYERS; GRAMICIDIN; MECHANISM; SENSORS; PORES; MODEL AB The integration of ion-channel transport functions with responses derived from nanostructured and nanoporous silica mesophase materials is demonstrated. Patterned thin-film mesophases consisting of alternating hydrophilic nanoporous regions and hydrophobic nanostructured regions allow for spatially localized proton transport via selective dimerization of gramicidin in lipid bilayers formed on the hydrophilic regions. The adjoining hydrophobic mesostructure doped with a pH sensitive dye reports the transport. The ease of integrating functional membranes and reporters through the use of patterned mesophases should enable high throughput studies of membrane transport. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biomed Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Shreve, AP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM anparikh@ucdavis.edu RI PARIKH, ATUL/D-2243-2014 OI PARIKH, ATUL/0000-0002-5927-4968 NR 31 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2446 EP 2451 DI 10.1021/nl071184j PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800049 PM 17629349 ER PT J AU Beard, MC Knutsen, KP Yu, PR Luther, JM Song, Q Metzger, WK Ellingson, RJ Nozik, AJ AF Beard, Matthew C. Knutsen, Kelly P. Yu, Pingrong Luther, Joseph M. Song, Qing Metzger, Wyatt K. Ellingson, Randy J. Nozik, Arthur J. TI Multiple exciton generation in colloidal silicon nanocrystals SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EFFICIENCY CARRIER MULTIPLICATION; QUANTUM DOTS; ABSORPTION; PBSE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; CHARGE AB Multiple exciton generation (MEG) is a process whereby multiple electron-hole pairs, or excitons, are produced upon absorption of a single photon in semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) and represents a promising route to increased solar conversion efficiencies in single-junction photovoltaic cells. We report for the first time MEG yields in colloidal Si NCs using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. We find the threshold photon energy for MEG in 9.5 nm diameter Si NCs (effective band gap equivalent to E-g = 1.20 eV) to be 2.4 +/- 0.1E(g) and find an exciton-production quantum yield of 2.6 +/- 0.2 excitons per absorbed photon at 3.4E(g). While MEG has been previously reported in direct-gap semiconductor NCs of PbSe, PbS, PbTe, CdSe, and InAs, this represents the first report of MEG within indirect-gap semiconductor NCs. Furthermore, MEG is found in relatively large Si NCs (diameter equal to about twice the Bohr radius) such that the confinement energy is not large enough to produce a large blue-shift of the band gap (only 80 meV), but the Coulomb interaction is sufficiently enhanced to produce efficient MEG. Our findings are of particular importance because Si dominates the photovoltaic solar cell industry, presents no problems regarding abundance and accessibility within the Earth's crust, and poses no significant environmental problems regarding toxicity. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Innovalight Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Appl Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Chem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Beard, MC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM matt_beard@nrel.gov; randy_ellingson@nrel.gov; anozik@nrel.gov RI Ellingson, Randy/H-3424-2013; Nozik, Arthur/A-1481-2012; Nozik, Arthur/P-2641-2016; OI BEARD, MATTHEW/0000-0002-2711-1355 NR 25 TC 537 Z9 544 U1 18 U2 241 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 7 IS 8 BP 2506 EP 2512 DI 10.1021/nl071486l PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 198WI UT WOS:000248657800059 PM 17645368 ER PT J AU Niyogi, D Chang, HI Chen, F Gu, LH Kumar, A Menon, S Pielke, RA AF Niyogi, Dev Chang, Hsin-I Chen, Fei Gu, Lianhong Kumar, Anil Menon, Surabi Pielke, Roger A., Sr. TI Potential impacts of aerosol-land-atmosphere interactions on the Indian monsoonal rainfall characteristics SO NATURAL HAZARDS LA English DT Article DE Asian monsoon; aerosols; land use; land-surface feedback; precipitation; radiation feedback ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; GREENHOUSE GASES; VOLCANIC-ERUPTIONS; SULFATE AEROSOLS; SOLAR-RADIATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SURFACE; SIMULATIONS; EVAPORATION; EXCHANGE AB Aerosols can affect the cloud-radiation feedback and the precipitation over the Indian monsoon region. In this paper, we propose that another pathway by which aerosols can modulate the multi-scale aspect of Indian monsoons is by altering the land-atmosphere interactions. The nonlinear feedbacks due to aerosol/diffuse radiation on coupled interactions oiler the Indian monsoon region are studied by: (1) reviewing recent field measurements and modeling studies, (2) analyzing the MODIS and AERONET aerosol optical depth datasets, and (3) diagnosing the results from sensitivity experiments using a mesoscale modeling system. The results of this study suggest that the large magnitude of aerosol loading and its impact on land-atmosphere interactions can significantly influence the mesoscale monsoonal characteristics in the Indo-Ganges Basin. C1 Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Niyogi, D (reprint author), Purdue Univ, 915 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. EM dniyogi@purdue.edu RI Pielke, Roger/A-5015-2009; Chen, Fei/B-1747-2009; Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014 OI Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738 NR 35 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0921-030X J9 NAT HAZARDS JI Nat. Hazards PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 IS 2 BP 345 EP 359 DI 10.1007/s11069-006-9085-y PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 194HZ UT WOS:000248336700009 ER PT J AU Simpson, M Warrior, H Raman, S Aswathanarayana, PA Mohanty, UC Suresh, R AF Simpson, Matthew Warrior, Hari Raman, Sethu Aswathanarayana, P. A. Mohanty, U. C. Suresh, R. TI Sea-breeze-initiated rainfall over the east coast of India during the Indian southwest monsoon SO NATURAL HAZARDS LA English DT Article DE sea breeze; monsoon; mesoscale circulation ID SCALE FLOW; FLORIDA; CONVECTION; MODEL AB Sea-breeze-initiated convection and precipitation have been investigated along the east coast of India during the Indian southwest monsoon season. Sea-breeze circulation was observed on approximately 70-80% of days during the summer months (June-August) along the Chennai coast. Average sea-breeze wind speeds are greater at rural locations than in the urban region of Chennai. Sea-breeze circulation was shown to be the dominant mechanism initiating rainfall during the Indian southwest monsoon season. Approximately 80% of the total rainfall observed during the southwest monsoon over Chennai is directly related to convection initiated by sea-breeze circulation. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Indian Inst Technol, Kharagpur 721302, W Bengal, India. Indian Inst Technol, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India. Indian Inst Technol, New Delhi, India. Indian Meteorol Dept, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Simpson, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,L103, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM msimpson@llnl.gov NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0921-030X J9 NAT HAZARDS JI Nat. Hazards PD AUG PY 2007 VL 42 IS 2 BP 401 EP 413 DI 10.1007/s11069-006-9081-2 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 194HZ UT WOS:000248336700013 ER PT J AU Orchard, S Salwinski, L Kerrien, S Montecchi-Palazzi, L Oesterheld, M Stumpflen, V Ceol, A Chatr-Aryamontri, A Armstrong, J Woollard, P Salama, JJ Moore, S Wojcik, J Bader, GD Vidal, M Cusick, ME Gerstein, M Gavin, AC Superti-Furga, G Greenblatt, J Bader, J Uetz, P Tyers, M Legrain, P Fields, S Mulder, N Gilson, M Niepmann, M Burgoon, L De Las Rivas, J Prieto, C Perreau, VM Hogue, C Mewes, HW Apweiler, R Xenarios, I Eisenberg, D Cesareni, G Hermjakob, H AF Orchard, Sandra Salwinski, Lukasz Kerrien, Samuel Montecchi-Palazzi, Luisa Oesterheld, Matthias Stuempflen, Volker Ceol, Arnaud Chatr-aryamontri, Andrew Armstrong, John Woollard, Peter Salama, John J. Moore, Susan Wojcik, Jerome Bader, Gary D. Vidal, Marc Cusick, Michael E. Gerstein, Mark Gavin, Anne-Claude Superti-Furga, Giulio Greenblatt, Jack Bader, Joel Uetz, Peter Tyers, Mike Legrain, Pierre Fields, Stan Mulder, Nicola Gilson, Michael Niepmann, Michael Burgoon, Lyle De Las Rivas, Javier Prieto, Carlos Perreau, Victoria M. Hogue, Chris Mewes, Hans-Werner Apweiler, Rolf Xenarios, Ioannis Eisenberg, David Cesareni, Gianni Hermjakob, Henning TI The minimum information required for reporting a molecular interaction experiment (MIMIx) SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERACTION DATABASE; PROTEIN; RESOURCE; UPDATE AB A wealth of molecular interaction data is available in the literature, ranging from large-scale datasets to a single interaction confirmed by several different techniques. These data are all too often reported either as free text or in tables of variable format, and are often missing key pieces of information essential for a full understanding of the experiment. Here we propose MIMIx, the minimum information required for reporting a molecular interaction experiment. Adherence to these reporting guidelines will result in publications of increased clarity and usefulness to the scientific community and will support the rapid, systematic capture of molecular interaction data in public databases, thereby improving access to valuable interaction data. C1 European Bioinformat Inst, European Mol Biol Lab, Cambridge, England. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Genom & Proteom, US Dept Energy, Los Angeles, CA USA. Natl Res Ctr Environm & Hlth, GSF Forschungszentrum Umwelt & Gesundheit, Inst Bioinformat, Neuherberg, Germany. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Mol Biol, Rome, Italy. GlaxoSmithkline R&D, Stevenage, Herts, England. Natl Univ Singapore, Clin Res Ctr, Singapore 117548, Singapore. Merck Serono Int SA, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Toronto, Banting & Best Dept Med Res, Toronto, ON, Canada. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Canc Syst Biol, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Canc Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Mol Biophys & Biochem, New Haven, CT USA. EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany. Austrian Acad Sci, Ctr Mol Med, CeMM, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Baltimore, MD USA. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Leopoldshafen, Inst Toxicol & Genet, Karlsruhe, Germany. Mt Sinai Hosp, Samuel Lunenfeld Res Inst, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. Inst Biol & Technol Saclay, Commiss Energie Atom, Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Washington, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Genome Sci & Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Cape Town, Inst Infect Dis & Mol Med, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa. Univ Maryland, Maryland Biotechnol Inst, Rockville, MD USA. Univ Giessen, D-35390 Giessen, Germany. Toxicogenom Informat & Solut, Lansing, MI USA. Univ Salamanca, Ctr Invest Canc, Canc Res Ctr, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. Consejo Super Invest Cient, Salamanca, Spain. Univ Melbourne, Ctr Neurosci, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. RP Orchard, S (reprint author), European Bioinformat Inst, European Mol Biol Lab, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, England. EM orchard@ebi.ac.uk RI Bader, Joel/A-1818-2009; Bader, Gary/C-1176-2009; Hogue, Christopher/B-6726-2008; 2007, Secribsal/A-1556-2012; Uetz, Peter/A-7119-2012; Ceol, Arnaud/H-3386-2012; De Las Rivas, Javier/G-5936-2014; Superti-Furga, Giulio/F-4755-2015; Prieto, Carlos/G-2382-2016; OI Gavin, Anne-Claude/0000-0003-4917-2340; Orchard, Sandra/0000-0002-8878-3972; Burgoon, Lyle/0000-0003-4977-5352; Hermjakob, Henning/0000-0001-8479-0262; Xenarios, Ioannis/0000-0002-3413-6841; Bader, Joel/0000-0002-6020-4625; Bader, Gary/0000-0003-0185-8861; Uetz, Peter/0000-0001-6194-4927; Ceol, Arnaud/0000-0001-9533-4246; De Las Rivas, Javier/0000-0002-0984-9946; Superti-Furga, Giulio/0000-0002-0570-1768; Prieto, Carlos/0000-0001-8178-9768; Kerrien, Samuel/0000-0002-3013-0469; Apweiler, Rolf/0000-0001-7078-200X NR 21 TC 160 Z9 162 U1 2 U2 14 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 25 IS 8 BP 894 EP 898 DI 10.1038/nbt1324 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 199WL UT WOS:000248725800027 PM 17687370 ER PT J AU Oprea, TI Tropsha, A Faulon, JL Rintoul, MD AF Oprea, Tudor I. Tropsha, Alexander Faulon, Jean-Loup Rintoul, Mark D. TI Systems chemical biology SO NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID HIGH-THROUGHPUT; DRUG DISCOVERY; PROTEIN; CHEMOINFORMATICS; CLASSIFICATION; INFORMATION; PREDICTION; NETWORKS; CELLS AB The increasing availability of data related to genes, proteins and their modulation by small molecules has provided a vast amount of biological information leading to the emergence of systems biology and the broad use of simulation tools for data analysis. However, there is a critical need to develop cheminformatics tools that can integrate chemical knowledge with these biological databases and simulation approaches, with the goal of creating systems chemical biology. C1 Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Div Biocomp, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Pharm, Lab Mol Modeling, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Oprea, TI (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Div Biocomp, 2703 Frontier NE,MSC11 6145, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM toprea@salud.unm.edu RI Oprea, Tudor/A-5746-2011; Tropsha, Alexander/G-6245-2014 OI Oprea, Tudor/0000-0002-6195-6976; FU NHGRI NIH HHS [P20 HG003898, P20-HG003898]; NIMH NIH HHS [U54 MH074425, U54 MH074425-01] NR 33 TC 91 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1552-4450 EI 1552-4469 J9 NAT CHEM BIOL JI Nat. Chem. Biol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 3 IS 8 BP 447 EP 450 DI 10.1038/nchembio0807-447 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 193VB UT WOS:000248302200006 PM 17637771 ER PT J AU Pandit, B Sarkozy, A Pennacchio, LA Carta, C Oishi, K Martinelli, S Pogna, EA Schackwitz, W Ustaszewska, A Landstrom, A Bos, JM Ommen, SR Esposito, G Lepri, F Faul, C Mundel, P Siguero, JPL Tenconi, R Selicorni, A Rossi, C Mazzanti, L Torrente, I Marino, B Digilio, MC Zampino, G Ackerman, MJ Dallapiccola, B Tartaglia, M Gelb, BD AF Pandit, Bhaswati Sarkozy, Anna Pennacchio, Len A. Carta, Claudio Oishi, Kimihiko Martinelli, Simone Pogna, Edgar A. Schackwitz, Wendy Ustaszewska, Anna Landstrom, Andrew Bos, J. Martijn Ommen, Steve R. Esposito, Giorgia Lepri, Francesca Faul, Christian Mundel, Peter Siguero, Juan P. Lopez Tenconi, Romano Selicorni, Angelo Rossi, Cesare Mazzanti, Laura Torrente, Isabella Marino, Bruno Digilio, Maria C. Zampino, Giuseppe Ackerman, Michael J. Dallapiccola, Bruno Tartaglia, Marco Gelb, Bruce D. TI Gain-of-function RAF1 mutations cause Noonan and LEOPARD syndromes with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY; PHENOTYPE CORRELATION; GERMLINE MUTATIONS; SIGNALING PATHWAY; COSTELLO-SYNDROME; PTPN11 MUTATIONS; TRANSGENIC MICE; HUMAN CANCER; C-RAF; B-RAF AB Noonan and LEOPARD syndromes are developmental disorders with overlapping features, including cardiac abnormalities, short stature and facial dysmorphia. Increased RAS signaling owing to PTPN11, SOS1 and KRAS mutations causes similar to 60% of Noonan syndrome cases(1-6), and PTPN11 mutations cause 90% of LEOPARD syndrome cases7. Here, we report that 18 of 231 individuals with Noonan syndrome without known mutations (corresponding to 3% of all affected individuals) and two of six individuals with LEOPARD syndrome without PTPN11 mutations have missense mutations in RAF1, which encodes a serine- threonine kinase that activates MEK1 and MEK2. Most mutations altered a motif flanking Ser259, a residue critical for autoinhibition of RAF1 through 14-3-3 binding. Of 19 subjects with a RAF1 mutation in two hotspots, 18 (or 95%) showed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), compared with the 18% prevalence of HCM among individuals with Noonan syndrome in general. Ectopically expressed RAF1 mutants from the two HCM hotspots had increased kinase activity and enhanced ERK activation, whereas non-HCM-associated mutants were kinase impaired. Our findings further implicate increased RAS signaling in pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. C1 CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Ctr Mol Cardiol, New York, NY 10029 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Genet & Genom Sci, New York, NY 10029 USA. CSS Mendel Inst, I-00198 Rome, Italy. CSS, Ist Ricovero & Cura Carattere Sci, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Expt Med, I-00198 Rome, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. US Dept Energy Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Ist Super Sanita, Dipartimento Biol Cellulare & Neurosci, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Mol Pharmacol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. Hosp Materno Infantil, Malaga 29011, Spain. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Pediat, I-35128 Padua, Italy. Univ Milan, Pediat Clin, I-20122 Milan, Italy. Univ Bologna, Policlin S Orsola Malpighi, Dipartimento Pediat, I-40138 Bologna, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Policlin Umberto I, Dipartimento Pediat, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Osped Bambino Gesu, I-00165 Rome, Italy. Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Ist Clin Pediat, I-00168 Rome, Italy. RP Tartaglia, M (reprint author), CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Ctr Mol Cardiol, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM mtartaglia@iss.it; bruce.gelb@mssm.edu RI Faul, Christian/D-1549-2011; Carta, Claudio/A-7305-2013; Landstrom, Andrew/A-9221-2017; Dallapiccola, Bruno/K-8692-2016; OI Landstrom, Andrew/0000-0002-1878-9631; Lepri, Francesca Romana/0000-0001-5331-0473; Dallapiccola, Bruno/0000-0002-5031-1013; Tartaglia, Marco/0000-0001-7736-9672 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL066681, HL074728, HL71207]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD01294, HD042569]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK57683]; NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM072474]; Telethon [GGP04172, GGP07115] NR 30 TC 298 Z9 316 U1 1 U2 13 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 39 IS 8 BP 1007 EP 1012 DI 10.1038/ng2073 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 195XX UT WOS:000248446900019 PM 17603483 ER PT J AU Black, CT AF Black, Charles T. TI Nanowire arrays build themselves SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT News Item ID BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; GRAPHOEPITAXY; ALIGNMENT AB A combination of self-assembly techniques has been used to pattern ordered metallic nanowire arrays on silicon substrates in a versatile process that could prove useful for semiconductor electronics and sensing applications. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Black, CT (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ctblack@bnl.gov NR 8 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 19 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 2 IS 8 BP 464 EP 465 DI 10.1038/nnano.2007.244 PG 2 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 204RY UT WOS:000249062900006 PM 18654339 ER PT J AU Wang, HW Ramey, VH Westermann, S Leschziner, AE Welburn, JPI Nakajima, Y Drubin, DG Barnes, G Nogales, E AF Wang, Hong-Wei Ramey, Vincent H. Westermann, Stefan Leschziner, Andres E. Welburn, Julie P. I. Nakajima, Yuko Drubin, David G. Barnes, Georjana Nogales, Eva TI Architecture of the Dam1 kinetochore ring complex and implications for microtubule-driven assembly and force-coupling mechanisms SO NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPINDLE MICROTUBULES; HELICAL STRUCTURES; BUDDING YEAST; BINDING SITE; UCSF CHIMERA; RECONSTRUCTION; ATTACHMENT; INTERFACE; INTEGRITY; MAPS AB The Dam1 kinetochore complex is essential for chromosome segregation in budding yeast. This ten-protein complex self-assembles around microtubules, forming ring-like structures that move with depolymerizing microtubule ends, a mechanism with implications for cellular function. Here we used EM-based single-particle and helical analyses to define the architecture of the Dam1 complex at 30-A resolution and the self-assembly mechanism. Ring oligomerization seems to be facilitated by a conformational change upon binding to microtubules, suggesting that the Dam1 ring is not preformed, but self-assembles around kinetochore microtubules. The C terminus of the Dam1p protein, where most of the Aurora kinase Ipl1 phosphorylation sites reside, is in a strategic location to affect oligomerization and interactions with the microtubule. One of Ipl1's roles might be to fine-tune the coupling of the microtubule interaction with the conformational change required for oligomerization, with phosphorylation resulting in ring breakdown. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nogales, E (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Life Sci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM enogales@lbl.gov NR 33 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1545-9985 J9 NAT STRUCT MOL BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 14 IS 8 BP 721 EP 726 DI 10.1038/nsmb1274 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 197KY UT WOS:000248555400010 PM 17643123 ER PT J AU Teuscher, C Triesch, J AF Teuscher, Christof Triesch, Jochen TI To each his own: The caregiver's role in a computational model of gaze following SO NEUROCOMPUTING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Development and Learning (ICDL 2004) CY OCT 20-22, 2004 CL La Jolla, CA DE gaze following; shared attention; temporal difference learning; reinforcement learning; computational model ID JOINT ATTENTION; AUTISM; LANGUAGE; INFANT; CHILDREN; ROBOT AB We investigate a computational model of the emergence of gaze following that is based on a generic basic set of mechanisms. Whereas much attention has been focused so far on the study of the infant's behavior, we systematically analyze the caregiver and show that he plays a crucial role in the development of gaze following in our model, especially for infant models with simulated developmental disorders such as autism and Williams syndrome. We first create two reference infant parameter sets and test their behavior with a simple standard caregiver. Based on these findings we then propose new caregiver models and evaluate them oil normally developing infants and on infants with simulated developmental disorders. Further, we investigate if and how a pair of infants (with and without simulated developmental disorders) might learn gaze following from scratch, without a mature caregiver. The findings of this paper suggest the pivotal role the caregiver plays for the infant in developing gaze following, that his predictability is the most important criterion, and that different infant models require particular caregivers for gaze following to emerge optimally. Our simulations are consistent with Leekam's finding, that autistics can learn to follow gaze through a contingent presentation of rewarding visual stimuli, but that a lack of motivation may impede learning. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Adv Comp Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Cognit Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Teuscher, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Adv Comp Lab, CCS-1,MS-B287, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM christof@teuscher.ch; triesch@ucsd.edu NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-2312 EI 1872-8286 J9 NEUROCOMPUTING JI Neurocomputing PD AUG PY 2007 VL 70 IS 13-15 SI SI BP 2166 EP 2180 DI 10.1016/j.neucom.2006.02.023 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 185XZ UT WOS:000247745000003 ER PT J AU Blagoev, KB Mihaila, B Travis, BJ Alexandrov, LB Bishop, AR Ranken, D Posse, S Gasparovic, C Mayer, A Aine, CJ Ulbert, I Morita, M Muller, W Connor, J Halgren, E AF Blagoev, K. B. Mihaila, B. Travis, B. J. Alexandrov, L. B. Bishop, A. R. Ranken, D. Posse, S. Gasparovic, C. Mayer, A. Aine, C. J. Ulbert, I. Morita, M. Muller, W. Connor, J. Halgren, E. TI Modelling the magnetic signature of neuronal tissue SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Article DE modelling; neural currents; MRI; MEG; neuroelectrophysiology ID MRI DETECTION; ASSOCIATION CORTEX; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; HUMAN BRAIN; IN-VIVO; CURRENTS; FIELD; POTENTIALS; SLICES; MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY AB Neuronal communication in the brain involves electrochemical currents, which produce magnetic fields. Stimulus-evoked brain responses lead to changes in these fields and can be studied using magneto- and electro-encephalography (MEG/EEG). In this paper we model the spatiotemporal distribution of the magnetic field of a physiologically idealized but anatomically realistic neuron to assess the possibility of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for directly mapping the neuronal currents in the human brain. Our results show that the magnetic field several centimeters from the centre of the neuron is well approximated by a dipole source, but the field close to the neuron is not, a finding particularly important for understanding the possible contrast mechanism underlying the use of MRI to detect and locate these currents. We discuss the importance of the spatiotemporal characteristics of the magnetic field in cortical tissue for evaluating and optimizing an experiment based on this mechanism and establish an upper bound for the expected MRI signal change due to stimulus-induced cortical response. Our simulations show that the expected change of the signal magnitude is 1.6% and its phase shift is 1 degrees. An unexpected finding of this work is that the cortical orientation with respect to the external magnetic field has little effect on the predicted MRI contrast. This encouraging result shows that magnetic resonance contrast directly based on the neuronal currents present in the cortex is theoretically a feasible imaging technique. MRI contrast generation based on neuronal currents depends on the dendritic architecture and we obtained high-resolution optical images of cortical tissue to discuss the spatial structure of the magnetic field in grey matter. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. MIND Inst, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Commun & Comp Network Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Psychiat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Neurosci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Neurol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Neurol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Radiol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, MGN NMR Ctr, Charlestown, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Charlestown, MA 02169 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Neurosurg, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Brain Imaging Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Neurosci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Radiol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Blagoev, KB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM krastan@lanl.gov RI Ulbert, Istvan/F-2213-2010; Gasparovic, Charles/E-7289-2010; Mihaila, Bogdan/D-8795-2013; Alexandrov, Ludmil/B-6582-2014 OI Mihaila, Bogdan/0000-0002-1489-8814; Alexandrov, Ludmil/0000-0003-3596-4515 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS44623, R01 NS044623] NR 42 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 37 IS 1 BP 137 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.04.033 PG 12 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 197AY UT WOS:000248526700014 PM 17544300 ER PT J AU Martin, MJ AF Martin, M. J. TI Nuclear data sheets for A=208 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Review ID GIANT-DIPOLE RESONANCE; INELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; PARTICLE-HOLE STATES; ISOBARIC ANALOG STATES; GAMOW-TELLER RESONANCE; HIGH-SPIN STATES; CHARGE-EXCHANGE REACTIONS; CAPTURE GAMMA-RAYS; LOW-LYING STATES; PHOTONEUTRON CROSS-SECTIONS AB Detailed level schemes, decay schemes, and the experimental data on which they are based are presented for all nuclei with mass number A=208. The experimental data are evaluated; inconsistencies and discrepancies are noted; and adopted values for level and y-ray energies, gamma intensities, as well as for other nuclear properties are given. This evaluation replaces the A=208 evaluation published by M. J. Martin in Nuclear Data Sheets 47, 797 (1986). C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Martin, MJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 655 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD AUG PY 2007 VL 108 IS 8 BP 1583 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nds.2007.07.001 PG 222 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 205HB UT WOS:000249103500001 ER PT J AU Yu, SS Logan, BG Barnard, JJ Bieniosek, FM Briggs, RJ Cohen, RH Coleman, JE Davidson, RC Friedman, A Gilson, EP Grisham, LR Grote, DP Henestroza, E Kaganovich, ID Covo, MK Kishek, RA Kwan, JW Lee, EP Leitner, MA Lund, SM Molvik, AW Olson, CL Qin, H Roy, PK Sefkow, A Seidl, PA Startsev, EA Vay, JL Waldron, WL Welch, DR AF Yu, S. S. Logan, B. G. Barnard, J. J. Bieniosek, F. M. Briggs, R. J. Cohen, R. H. Coleman, J. E. Davidson, R. C. Friedman, A. Gilson, E. P. Grisham, L. R. Grote, D. P. Henestroza, E. Kaganovich, I. D. Covo, M. Kireeff Kishek, R. A. Kwan, J. W. Lee, E. P. Leitner, M. A. Lund, S. M. Molvik, A. W. Olson, C. L. Qin, H. Roy, P. K. Sefkow, A. Seidl, P. A. Startsev, E. A. Vay, J-L. Waldron, W. L. Welch, D. R. TI Heavy-ion-fusion-science: summary of US progress SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS; SOLENOID TRANSPORT; ELECTRON-CLOUDS; SIMULATIONS; MATTER; BEAMS; NEUTRALIZATION; FACILITY; CHAMBER; PLASMA AB Over the past two years noteworthy experimental and theoretical progress has been made towards the top-level scientific question for the US programme on heavy-ion-fusion-science and high energy density physics: 'How can heavy-ion beams be compressed to the high intensity required to create high energy density matter and fusion conditions?' New results in transverse and longitudinal beam compression, high-brightness transport and beam acceleration will be reported. Central to this campaign is final beam compression. With a neutralizing plasma, we demonstrated transverse beam compression by an areal factor of over 100 and longitudinal compression by a factor of > 50. We also report on the first demonstration of simultaneous transverse and longitudinal beam compression in plasma. High beam brightness is key to high intensity on target, and detailed experimental and theoretical studies on the effect of secondary electrons on beam brightness degradation are reported. A new accelerator concept for near-term low-cost target heating experiments was invented, and the predicted beam dynamics validated experimentally. We show how these scientific campaigns have created new opportunities for interesting target experiments in the warm dense matter regime. Finally, we summarize progress towards heavy-ion fusion, including the demonstration of a compact driver-size high-brightness ion injector. For all components of our high intensity campaign, the new results have been obtained via tightly coupled efforts in experiments, simulations and theory. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Walnut Creek, CA 94597 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Voss Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. RP Yu, SS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ssyu@lbl.gov NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 2007 VL 47 IS 8 BP 721 EP 727 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/47/8/001 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 205WN UT WOS:000249145400001 ER PT J AU Hole, MJ Hudson, SR Dewar, RL AF Hole, M. J. Hudson, S. R. Dewar, R. L. TI Equilibria and stability in partially relaxed plasma-vacuum systems SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELDS; RELAXATION AB We develop a multiple interface variational model, comprising multiple Taylor-relaxed plasma regions separated by ideal MHD barriers. The magnetic field in each region is Beltrami, del x B = mu B, and the pressure constant. Between regions the pressure, field strength, and rotational transform may have step changes at the ideal barrier. A principle motivation is the development of a mathematically rigorous ideal MHD model to describe intrinsically 3D equilibria, with nonzero internal pressure, using robust KAM surfaces as the barriers. This article chiefly addresses whether the stability of two interface configurations with continuous rotational transform, but vanishing interface separation, is different from the stability of a single interface configuration with jump in the rotational transform. To make the problem analytically tractable, we derive the equilibria and stability of a multi-interface plasma in a periodic cylinder, generalizing the cylindrical treatment of Kaiser and Uecker (2004 Q. J. Mech. Appl. Math. 57 1-17). For two interfaces with no jump in rotational transform, we show that one eigenmode has in-phase interface displacements, and an eigenvalue that converges to the single barrier case in the limit of vanishing interface width. The complementary eigenmode is out-of-phase, and highly unstable. Physically, the unstable eigenmode is driven by the parallel current, and caused by the high shear required to match the different rotational transform on each interface. In the limit that the interface separation vanishes, the shear and parallel current density become infinite, and the parallel current between the interfaces nonzero. Surfaces with out-of-phase displacements will then collide, unless the amplitude goes to zero as the interface separation goes to zero. These results suggest the hypothesis that KAM barriers with different irrational rotational transform on either side may be allowable without violating nonlinear stability. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Hole, MJ (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM matthew.hole@anu.edu.au RI Dewar, Robert/B-1300-2008; Hudson, Stuart/H-7186-2013 OI Dewar, Robert/0000-0002-9518-7087; Hudson, Stuart/0000-0003-1530-2733 NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 2007 VL 47 IS 8 BP 746 EP 753 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/47/8/004 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 205WN UT WOS:000249145400004 ER PT J AU Raman, R Mueller, D Jarboe, TR Nelson, BA Bell, MG Ono, M Bigelow, T Kaita, R LeBlanc, B Lee, KC Maqueda, R Menard, J Paul, S Roquemore, L AF Raman, R. Mueller, D. Jarboe, T. R. Nelson, B. A. Bell, M. G. Ono, M. Bigelow, T. Kaita, R. LeBlanc, B. Lee, K. C. Maqueda, R. Menard, J. Paul, S. Roquemore, L. TI Non-inductive solenoid-less plasma current startup in NSTX using transient CHI SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID COAXIAL HELICITY INJECTION; SUSTAINMENT; TOKAMAK AB Coaxial helicity injection (CHI) has been successfully used in the National Spherical Torus Experiment for a demonstration of closed flux current generation without the use of the central solenoid. The favourable properties of the spherical torus (ST) arise from its very small aspect ratio. However, small aspect ratio devices have very restricted space for a substantial central solenoid. Thus methods for initiating the plasma current without relying on induction from a central solenoid are essential for the viability of the ST concept. CHI is a promising candidate for solenoid-free plasma startup in a ST. The method has now produced closed flux current up to 160 kA verifying the high current capability of this method in a large ST built with conventional tokamak components. C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Nova Photon, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Raman, R (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 2007 VL 47 IS 8 BP 792 EP 799 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/47/8/009 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 205WN UT WOS:000249145400009 ER PT J AU Xu, XQ Xiong, Z Dorr, MR Hittinger, JA Bodi, K Candy, J Cohen, BI Cohen, RH Colella, P Kerbel, GD Krasheninnikov, S Nevins, WM Qin, H Rognlien, TD Snyder, PB Umansky, MV AF Xu, X. Q. Xiong, Z. Dorr, M. R. Hittinger, J. A. Bodi, K. Candy, J. Cohen, B. I. Cohen, R. H. Colella, P. Kerbel, G. D. Krasheninnikov, S. Nevins, W. M. Qin, H. Rognlien, T. D. Snyder, P. B. Umansky, M. V. TI Edge gyrokinetic theory and continuum simulations SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID TOKAMAK TURBULENCE; PLASMAS; CONFINEMENT; TRANSPORT; EQUATIONS; DYNAMICS AB The following results are presented from the development and application of TEMPEST, a fully nonlinear (full-f) five-dimensional (3d2v) gyrokinetic continuum edge-plasma code. (1) As a test of the interaction of collisions and parallel streaming, TEMPEST is compared with published analytic and numerical results for endloss of particles confined by combined electrostatic and magnetic wells. Good agreement is found over a wide range of collisionality, confining potential and mirror ratio, and the required velocity space resolution is modest. (2) In a large-aspect-ratio circular geometry, excellent agreement is found for a neoclassical equilibrium with parallel ion flow in the banana regime with zero temperature gradient and radial electric field. (3) The four-dimensional (2d2v) version of the code produces the first self-consistent simulation results of collisionless damping of geodesic acoustic modes and zonal flow (Rosenbluth-Hinton residual) with Boltzmann electrons using a full-f code. The electric field is also found to agree with the standard neoclassical expression for steep density and ion temperature gradients in the plateau regime. In divertor geometry, it is found that the endloss of particles and energy induces parallel flow stronger than the core neoclassical predictions in the SOL. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Xu, XQ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM xxu@llnl.gov NR 27 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 8 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 2007 VL 47 IS 8 BP 809 EP 816 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/47/8/011 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 205WN UT WOS:000249145400011 ER PT J AU Dimits, AM Nevins, WM Shumaker, DE Hammett, GW Dannert, T Jenko, R Pueschel, MJ Dorland, W Cowley, SC Leboeuf, JN Rhodes, TL Candy, J Estrada-Mila, C AF Dimits, A. M. Nevins, W. M. Shumaker, D. E. Hammett, G. W. Dannert, T. Jenko, R. Pueschel, M. J. Dorland, W. Cowley, S. C. Leboeuf, J. N. Rhodes, T. L. Candy, J. Estrada-Mila, C. TI Gyrokinetic simulations of ETG and ITG turbulence SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID GRADIENT MODE TURBULENCE; DRIVEN TURBULENCE; TOKAMAK EDGE; ZONAL FLOWS; TRANSPORT; PLASMA; CONFINEMENT; DISCHARGES; GENERATION; WAVES AB We report on the resolution of a significant discrepancy between published continuum-code simulations and subsequent global particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of electron-temperature-gradient (ETG) turbulence. Our investigations, using gyrokinetic delta f-PIC- and continuum-code simulations and analytical theory, strongly support the conclusion from the earlier continuum-code simulations that ETG turbulence can drive the electron thermal conductivity chi(e) large enough to be significant in some tokamaks. A successful ETG-turbulence benchmark between delta f-PIC and continuum codes for ETG turbulence has also been completed. Scans in the magnetic shear show an abrupt transition to a high-chi(e) state as the shear is increased from the benchmark value of s = 0.1 to above s = 0.4. When nonadiabatic ions are used, this abrupt transition is absent, and chi(e) reaches values consistent with transport analyses of DIII-D, JET, JT60-U and NSTX discharges. The balances of zonal-flow driving and damping terms in late-time quasi-steady phase of ITG turbulence have been unfolded using a new run-time gyrokinetic-simulation diagnostic. The zonal flow level is set by a balance of large driving and damping terms which almost cancel each other. The driving is found to be mostly by the Reynolds stress, while the dissipation is mostly by the linear (transit-time) damping terms. It is also shown that useful zonal-flow-balance information can be obtained with spatially localized samples at as few as four poloidal locations. Real-geometry simulations have been undertaken, using the nonlinear delta f-PIC gyrokinetic code SUMMIT/PG3EQ_NC, of the DIII-D 'Cyclone' shot #81499 and of shot #118561, which had broad-wavenumber-range density fluctuation measurements. Real geometry is found to have a significant effect on the transport rates, even though the effect on the linear growth rates is often modest. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Plainsboro, NJ 08536 USA. Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Dimits, AM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM dimits1@llnl.gov RI Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011; Dorland, William/B-4403-2009 OI Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647; Dorland, William/0000-0003-2915-724X NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 2007 VL 47 IS 8 BP 817 EP 824 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/47/8/012 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 205WN UT WOS:000249145400012 ER PT J AU Casper, TA Jayakumar, RJ Allen, SL Holcomb, CT LoDestro, LL Makowski, MA Pearlstein, LD Berk, HL Greenfield, CM Luce, TC Petty, CC Politzer, PA Wade, MR AF Casper, T. A. Jayakumar, R. J. Allen, S. L. Holcomb, C. T. LoDestro, L. L. Makowski, M. A. Pearlstein, L. D. Berk, H. L. Greenfield, C. M. Luce, T. C. Petty, C. C. Politzer, P. A. Wade, M. R. TI Evidence for anomalous effects on the current evolution in the tokamak hybrid operating scenarios SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID DIII-D TOKAMAK; ITER; PERFORMANCE; DISCHARGES; TRANSPORT; PHYSICS AB Alternatives to the usual picture of advanced tokamak (AT) discharges are those that form when anomalous thermal conductivity and/or resistivity alter plasma current and pressure profiles to achieve stationary characteristics through self-organizing mechanisms where a measure of desired AT features is maintained without external current-profile control. Regimes exhibiting these characteristics are those where the safety factor (q) evolves to a stationary profile with the on-axis and minimum q similar to 1. Operating scenarios with fusion performance exceeding H-mode at the same plasma current and where the inductively driven current density achieves a stationary configuration with either small or nonexisting sawteeth should enhance the performance of ITER and future burning plasma experiments. We present simulation results of anomalous current-profile formation and evolution using theory-based hyper-resistive models. These simulations are stimulated by experimental observations with which we compare and contrast the simulated evolution. We find that the hyper-resistivity is sufficiently strong to modify the current-profile evolution to achieve conditions consistent with experimental observations. Modelling these anomalous effects is important for developing a capability to scale current experiments to future burning plasmas. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX USA. Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Casper, TA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM casper1@llnl.gov NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 2007 VL 47 IS 8 BP 825 EP 832 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/47/8/013 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 205WN UT WOS:000249145400013 ER PT J AU Snyder, PB Burrell, KH Wilson, HR Chu, MS Fenstermacher, ME Leonard, AW Moyer, RA Osborne, TH Umansky, M West, WP Xu, XQ AF Snyder, P. B. Burrell, K. H. Wilson, H. R. Chu, M. S. Fenstermacher, M. E. Leonard, A. W. Moyer, R. A. Osborne, T. H. Umansky, M. West, W. P. Xu, X. Q. TI Stability and dynamics of the edge pedestal in the low collisionality regime: physics mechanisms for steady-state ELM-free operation SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID QUIESCENT-H-MODE; MHD STABILITY; LOCALIZED MODES; DIII-D; MAGNETIC PERTURBATIONS; TOROIDAL ROTATION; NEWCOMB EQUATION; PLASMAS; CONFINEMENT; INSTABILITIES AB Understanding the physics of the edge pedestal and edge localized modes (ELMs) is of great importance for ITER and the optimization of the tokamak concept. The peeling-ballooning model has quantitatively explained many observations, including ELM onset and pedestal constraints, in the standard H-mode regime. The ELITE code has been developed to efficiently evaluate peeling-ballooning stability for comparison with observation and predictions for future devices. We briefly review recent progress in the peeling-ballooning model, including experimental validation of ELM onset and pedestal height predictions, and nonlinear 3D simulations of ELM dynamics, which together lead to an emerging understanding of the physics of the onset and dynamics of ELMs in the standard intermediate to high collisionality regime. We also discuss new studies of the apparent power dependence of the pedestal, and studies of the impact of sheared toroidal flow. Recently, highly promising low collisionality regimes without ELMs have been discovered, including the quiescent H-mode (QH) and resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) regimes. We present recent observations from the DIII-D tokamak of the density, shape and rotation dependence of QH discharges, and studies of the peeling-ballooning stability in this regime. We propose a model of the QH-mode in which the observed edge harmonic oscillation (EHO) is a saturated kink/peeling mode which is destabilized by current and rotation, and drives significant transport, allowing a near steady-state edge plasma. The model quantitatively predicts the observed density dependence and qualitatively predicts observed mode structure, rotation dependence and outer gap dependence. Low density RMP discharges are found to operate in a similar regime, but with the EHO replaced by an applied magnetic perturbation. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Snyder, PB (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM snyder@fusion.gat.com NR 33 TC 118 Z9 118 U1 5 U2 33 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 2007 VL 47 IS 8 BP 961 EP 968 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/47/8/030 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 205WN UT WOS:000249145400030 ER PT J AU Sontag, AC Sabbagh, SA Zhu, W Menard, JE Bell, RE Bialek, JM Bell, MG Gates, DA Glasser, AH LeBlanc, BP Shaing, KC Stutman, D Tritz, KL AF Sontag, A. C. Sabbagh, S. A. Zhu, W. Menard, J. E. Bell, R. E. Bialek, J. M. Bell, M. G. Gates, D. A. Glasser, A. H. LeBlanc, B. P. Shaing, K. C. Stutman, D. Tritz, K. L. TI Investigation of resistive wall mode stabilization physics in high-beta plasmas using applied non-axisymmetric fields in NSTX SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID SPHERICAL-TORUS-EXPERIMENT; TOKAMAKS; ROTATION; INSTABILITIES; DISSIPATION; FREQUENCY; FEEDBACK AB The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) offers an operational space characterized by high-beta (beta(t) = 39%, beta(N) > 7, beta(N)/beta(no-wall)(N) > 1.5) and low aspect ratio (A > 1.27) to leverage the plasma parameter dependences of RWM stabilization and plasma rotation damping physics giving greater confidence for extrapolation to ITER. Significant new capability for RWM research has been added to the device with the commissioning of a set of six non-axisymmetric magnetic field coils, allowing generation of fields with dominant toroidal mode number, n, of 1-3. These coils have been used to study the dependence of resonant field amplification on applied field frequency and RWM stabilization physics by reducing the toroidal rotation profile below its steady-state value through non-resonant magnetic braking. Modification of plasma rotation profiles shows that rotation outside q = 2.5 is not required for passive RWM stability and there is large variation in the RWM critical rotation at the q = 2 surface, both of which are consistent with distributed dissipation models. C1 Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Sontag, AC (reprint author), Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM asontag@pppl.gov RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015; OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 29 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 2007 VL 47 IS 8 BP 1005 EP 1011 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/47/8/035 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 205WN UT WOS:000249145400035 ER PT J AU Hooper, EB Hill, DN McLean, HS Romero-Talamas, CA Wood, RD AF Hooper, E. B. Hill, D. N. McLean, H. S. Romero-Talamas, C. A. Wood, R. D. TI Achieving high flux amplification in a gun-driven, flux-core spheromak SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID HELICITY INJECTION; SPHEX SPHEROMAK; MAGNETIC HELICITY; INTELLIGENT SHELL; N=1 MODE; PLASMA; OPERATION; SUSTAINMENT; RELAXATION; EQUILIBRIA AB A new means of operating flux-core spheromaks with possibly increased stability, confinement and pulse length is analysed by a resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model. High amplification of the bias poloidal flux, required to minimize ohmic losses, is achieved by reducing the bias rapidly in a plasma formed at a lower amplification. The plasma separatrix is predicted to expand and incorporate the removed bias flux maintaining the total poloidal flux within the spheromak's flux-conserving wall. MHD energy on open magnetic field lines is reduced, reducing magnetic fluctuation levels. A means of experimental verification is suggested that may point the way to fusion-relevant spheromaks. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hooper, EB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 2007 VL 47 IS 8 BP 1064 EP 1070 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/47/8/042 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 205WN UT WOS:000249145400042 ER PT J AU Jeon, D AF Jeon, Dong-o TI Benchmarking of multiparticle phase scan and acceptance scan techniques for the Spallation Neutron Source linac SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE benchmarking; high-intensity beam; drift tube linac; acceptance scan; phase scan AB The importance of accurately setting the RF field amplitude and phase, called the RF set-point is well recognized for a high intensity proton linac such as the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) linac. Techniques such as phase scan and acceptance scan have been used to determine RF set-points. However, benchmarking study of phase scan and acceptance scan techniques based on experiment was never undertaken before. The benchmarking study demonstrated that the multiparticle phase scan technique based on realistic tracking produces RF set-points consistent with those obtained from the acceptance scan technique. Previous work of phase scan type was based on single-particle tracking and the RF set-point from the single-particle phase scan sometimes did not agree well with either that from the multiparticle phase scan or that from the acceptance scan. The analysis based on multiparticle phase scan showed an accurate agreement between the measurement and simulation even when the beam bunch is rather long (the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) beam bunch length entering the SNS Drift Tube linac tank 1 is about 27 degrees). (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SNS Project, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jeon, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SNS Project, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jeond@ornl.gov RI Jeon, Dong-O/S-2137-2016 OI Jeon, Dong-O/0000-0001-6482-5878 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 578 IS 2 BP 379 EP 384 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2007.06.003 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 202UY UT WOS:000248930700003 ER PT J AU Flatt, B Green, M Wodin, J DeVoe, R Fierlinger, P Gratta, G LePort, F Diez, MM Neilson, R O'Sullivan, K Pocar, A Waldman, S Baussan, E Breidenbach, M Conley, R Fairbank, W Farine, J Hall, C Hall, K Hallman, D Hargrove, C Hauger, M Hodgson, J Juget, F Leonard, DS Mackay, D Martin, Y Mong, B Odian, A Ounalli, L Piepke, A Prescott, CY Rowson, PC Skarpaasc, K Schenker, D Sinclair, D Strickland, V Virtue, C Vuilleuimier, JL Vullleuimier, JM Wamba, K Weber, P AF Flatt, B. Green, M. Wodin, J. DeVoe, R. Fierlinger, P. Gratta, G. LePort, F. Diez, M. Montero Neilson, R. O'Sullivan, K. Pocar, A. Waldman, S. Baussan, E. Breidenbach, M. Conley, R. Fairbank, W., Jr. Farine, J. Hall, C. Hall, K. Hallman, D. Hargrove, C. Hauger, M. Hodgson, J. Juget, F. Leonard, D. S. Mackay, D. Martin, Y. Mong, B. Odian, A. Ounalli, L. Piepke, A. Prescott, C. Y. Rowson, P. C. Skarpaasc, K. Schenker, D. Sinclair, D. Strickland, V. Virtue, C. Vuilleuimier, J.-L. Vullleuimier, J. M. Wamba, K. Weber, P. TI A linear RFQ ion trap for the enriched xenon observatory SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE RFQ trap; EXO; fluorescence spectroscopy AB The design, construction, and performance of a linear radio-frequency ion trap (RFQ) intended for use in the Enriched Xenon Observatory (EXO) are described. EXO aims to detect the neutrinoless double-beta decay of Xe-136 to Ba-136. To suppress possible backgrounds EXO will complement the measurement of decay energy and, to some extent, topology of candidate events in a Xe filled detector with the identification of the daughter nucleus (Ba-136). The ion trap described here is capable of accepting, cooling, and confining individual Ba ions extracted from the site of the candidate double-beta decay event. A single trapped ion can then be identified, with a large signal-to-noise ratio, via laser spectroscopy. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Neuchatel, Inst Phys, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Laurentian Univ, Dept Phys, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada. Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RP Flatt, B (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM flatt@stanford.edu RI Green, Matthew/F-3497-2011; OI Green, Matthew/0000-0002-1958-8030 NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 578 IS 2 BP 399 EP 408 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2007.05.123 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 202UY UT WOS:000248930700005 ER PT J AU LePort, F Pocar, A Bartoszek, L Devoe, R Fierlinger, P Flatt, B Gratta, G Green, M Koffas, T Diez, MM Neilson, R O'Sullivan, K Waldman, S Wodin, J Woisard, D Baussan, E Breidenbach, M Conley, R Fairbank, W Farine, J Hall, C Hall, K Hallman, D Hargrove, C Hodgson, J Jeng, S Leonard, DS Mackay, D Martin, Y Odian, A Ounalli, L Piepke, A Prescott, CY Rowson, PC Skarpaas, K Schenker, D Sinclair, D Stekhanov, V Strickland, V Virtue, C Vuilleumier, JL Vuilleumier, JM Wamba, K Weber, P AF LePort, F. Pocar, A. Bartoszek, L. DeVoe, R. Fierlinger, P. Flatt, B. Gratta, G. Green, M. Koffas, T. Diez, M. Montero Neilson, R. O'Sullivan, K. Waldman, S. Wodin, J. Woisard, D. Baussan, E. Breidenbach, M. Conley, R. Fairbank, W., Jr. Farine, J. Hall, C. Hall, K. Hallman, D. Hargrove, C. Hodgson, J. Jeng, S. Leonard, D. S. Mackay, D. Martin, Y. Odian, A. Ounalli, L. Piepke, A. Prescott, C. Y. Rowson, P. C. Skarpaas, K. Schenker, D. Sinclair, D. Stekhanov, V. Strickland, V. Virtue, C. Vuilleumier, J.-L. Vuilleumier, J.-M. Wamba, K. Weber, P. TI A liquid xenon ionization chamber in an all-fluoropolymer vessel SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE PTFE; fluoropolymer; double beta decay; xenon; EXO; low background ID SCINTILLATION EFFICIENCY; GAMMA-RAYS; TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE; PERFORMANCE; PARTICLES; PYROLYSIS; PRODUCTS; EXPOSURE; RECOILS; ENERGY AB A novel technique has been developed to build vessels for liquid xenon ionization detectors entirely out of an ultra-clean fluoropolymer. One such detector was operated inside a welded, He leak tight, all-fluoropolymer chamber. The measured energy resolution for 570 keV gamma rays is sigma/E = 5.1 % at a drift field of 1.5 kV/cm, in line with the best values obtained for ionization only detectors run in LXe using conventional, metal vessels. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Appl Plast Technol Inc, Bristol, RI USA. Univ Neuchatel, Inst Phys, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Laurentian Univ, Dept Phys, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada. Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. RP Pocar, A (reprint author), CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. EM pocar@stanford.edu RI Green, Matthew/F-3497-2011; OI Green, Matthew/0000-0002-1958-8030 NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 578 IS 2 BP 409 EP 420 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2007.05.259 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 202UY UT WOS:000248930700006 ER PT J AU Moon, BS Yoo, DS Hwang, IK Chung, CE Holcomb, DE AF Moon, B. S. Yoo, D. S. Hwang, I. K. Chung, C. E. Holcomb, D. E. TI Flux measurements in a nuclear research reactor by using an aluminum nitride detector SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article DE flux detector; aluminum nitride; research reactor; irradiation facility; flux measurement; EGS4 calculations AB A small polycrystalline aluminium nitride detector with a thickness of 381 mu m was used to measure a 200,000 Ci Co-60 source and to measure the flux in a research reactor where the neutron flux is about 10(14)/cm(2) s, which is nearly the same order as in the commercial power plant. If the applied voltage is greater than or equal to 2000 V and if the measurements are done in a short period of time so that the heat energy does not build up in the aluminium nitride, then the measured electric current is linearly proportional to the input flux. It is assumed of course that the energy spectrum of the input flux remains constant. This linearity relation is illustrated by the results of a measurement in which the reactor power has been controlled so that the flux becomes a step function. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Changwon Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Chang Won 641773, South Korea. Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Dept Instrumentat & Control Human Factors, Taejon 305600, South Korea. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Dept Nucl Reactor Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Moon, BS (reprint author), Changwon Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Chang Won 641773, South Korea. EM bsmoon@changwon.ac.kr OI Holcomb, David/0000-0001-8263-4661 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 262 IS 1 BP 65 EP 68 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.285 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200QV UT WOS:000248778800012 ER PT J AU Del McDaniel, F Doyle, BL AF Del McDaniel, Floyd Doyle, Barney L. TI Jerome Lewis Duggan - Dedication SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Univ N Texas, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Del McDaniel, F (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Denton, TX 76203 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP IX EP XI DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.065 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100002 ER PT J AU von Reden, K Zhang, M Meigs, M Sichel, E Fang, SL Baughman, RH AF von Reden, Karl Zhang, Mei Meigs, Martha Sichel, Enid Fang, Shaoli Baughman, Ray H. TI Carbon nanotube foils for electron stripping in tandem accelerators SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE nanoscale materials; transport phenomena; thin films; charged particle beams; charge transfer ID SINGLE AB Carbon nanotube technology has rapidly advanced in recent years, making it possible to create meter-long, similar to 4 cm wide films of multi-walled tubes of less than 3 mu g/cm(2) areal density in a bench top open-air procedure. The physical properties of individual carbon nanotubes have been well established, equaling or surpassing electrical and thermal conductivity and mechanical strength of most other materials, graphite in particular. The handling and transport of such nanotube films, dry-mounted self-supporting on metal frames with several cm(2) of open area, is problem-free: the aerogel films having a volumetric density of about 1.5 mg/cm(3) survived the trip by car and air from Dallas to Oak Ridge without blemish. In this paper we will present the results of first tests of these nanotube films as electron stripper media in a tandem accelerator. The tests were performed in the Model 25 URC tandem accelerator of the Holifield radioactive ion beam facility (HRIBF) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We will discuss the performance of nanotube films in comparison with chemical vapor deposition and laser-ablated carbon foils. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. UT Dallas, NanoTech Inst, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, HRIBF, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP von Reden, K (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. OI von Reden, Karl/0000-0001-6413-9018 NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 44 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.023 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100013 ER PT J AU Reinhold, CO Seliger, M Minami, T Schultz, DR Burgdorfer, J Lamour, E Rozet, JP Vernhet, D AF Reinhold, C. O. Seliger, M. Minami, T. Schultz, D. R. Burgdoerfer, J. Lamour, E. Rozet, J.-P. Vernhet, D. TI Quantum and classical transport of excited states of ions SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE ion-solid interactions; transport; radiative decay; decoherence ID 800-MEV H-IONS; THIN FOILS; COLLISIONS; SOLIDS; H-0 AB We study the dynamics of the internal state of fast ions traversing amorphous foils using an approach that incorporates the interaction with the radiation field and the complex array of collisions with particles in the solid within the framework of system-reservoir interactions. We have developed from first principles a quantum master equation describing the dynamics of the internal states, including both sinks (electron loss) and sources (electron capture). We illustrate signatures of coherences in experimental findings and discuss the applicability of the quantum and classical linear limits. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Div Theory, Inst Phys, A-8010 Graz, Austria. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Univ Paris 06, Inst NanoSci Paris, CNRS, UMR 75 88, F-75015 Paris, France. RP Reinhold, CO (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM reinhold@ornl.gov OI Reinhold, Carlos/0000-0003-0100-4962 NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 125 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.075 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100033 ER PT J AU Havener, CC Galutschek, E Rejoub, R Seely, DG AF Havener, C. C. Galutschek, E. Rejoub, R. Seely, D. G. TI Ion-atom merged-beams measurements SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE merged-beams; charge transfer ID ENERGY-ELECTRON CAPTURE; CHARGE-TRANSFER; HYDROGEN AB The ion-atom merged-beams apparatus at Oak Ridge National Laboratory measures benchmark total charge-transfer cross sections for a variety of multicharged ions with atomic H from keV/u down to meV/u center-of-mass collision energies. The apparatus has recently been upgraded and moved to the new high voltage platform where a permanent magnet ECR ion source provides intense high-velocity ion beams. Upgrades to the merged-beams apparatus include more accurate beam profiles and a shortened merge path to increase the angular acceptance of the apparatus. An observed factor of four decrease in the angular divergence of the ion beam translates into access to lower collision energies with higher resolution. The higher velocity ion beams will enable charge transfer measurements with heavier ions, and measurements with both H and D at eV/u energies and below to directly observe the isotope effect. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Albion Coll, Dept Phys, Albion, MI 49224 USA. RP Havener, CC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM havenercc@ornl.gov NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 129 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.103 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100034 ER PT J AU Rolles, D Pesic, ZD Perri, M Bilodeau, RC Ackerman, GD Rude, BS Kilcovne, ALD Bozek, JD Berrah, N AF Rolles, D. Pesic, Z. D. Perri, M. Bilodeau, R. C. Ackerman, G. D. Rude, B. S. Kilcovne, A. L. D. Bozek, J. D. Berrah, N. TI A velocity map imaging spectrometer for electron-ion and ion-ion coincidence experiments with synchrotron radiation SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE photoionization; fragmentation; imaging; velocity map; coincidence ID FRAGMENT IONS; MOLECULES; PHOTOIONIZATION; IONIZATION; DYNAMICS; PHOTOELECTRON; CO2 AB We have built a velocity map imaging (VMI) spectrometer optimized for angle-resolved photoionization experiments with synchrotron radiation (SR) in the VUV and soft X-ray range. The spectrometer is equipped with four electrostatic lenses that focus the charged photoionization products onto a position-sensitive multi-hit delay-line anode. The use of two additional electrostatic lens elements as compared to the standard design of Eppink and Parker [A.T.J.B. Eppink, D.H. Parker, Rev. Sci. Instr. 68 (1997) 3477] provides better focusing of an extended interaction region, which is crucial for most SR applications. Furthermore, the apparatus is equipped with a second micro-channel plate detector opposite to the VMI spectrometer, enabling electron-ion coincidence experiments and thereby mass-resolved ion spectroscopy independent of the time structure of the synchrotron radiation. First results for the photofragmentation Of CO2 molecules are presented. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94024 USA. RP Rolles, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM DRolles@lbl.gov RI Rolles, Daniel/C-2384-2008; Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Perri, Mark/E-9176-2010; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010; Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013; OI Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238; Bilodeau, Rene/0000-0001-8607-2328 NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 170 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.186 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100044 ER PT J AU Schneider, D McDonald, J Zielbauer, B Ursescu, D Spillmann, U Stohlker, T Kuhl, T Schenkel, T Andler, G Lindroth, E Schuch, R AF Schneider, D. McDonald, J. Zielbauer, B. Ursescu, D. Spillmann, U. Stoehlker, Th. Kuehl, T. Schenkel, T. Andler, G. Lindroth, E. Schuch, R. TI Electromagnetically confined plasma target for interaction studies with intense laser fields SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE EBIT; ultrahigh intensity lasers; plasma target ID BEAM ION-TRAP; DOUBLE-IONIZATION; MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS; PENNING TRAP; HELIUM AB The paper describes a novel application of an electron beam ion trap as a plasma target facility for intense laser-plasma interaction studies. The low density plasma target (similar to 10(13)/cm(3)) is confined in a mobile cryogenic electromagnetic charged particle trap, with the magnetic confinement field of 1-3 T maintained by a superconducting magnet. Ion plasmas for a large variety of ion species and charge states are produced and maintained within the magnetic field and the space-charge of an energetic electron beam in the "electron beam ion trap" (EBIT) geometry. Intense laser beams (optical lasers, X-ray lasers and upcoming "X-ray free electron lasers" (XFEL)) provide strong time varying electromagnetic fields (> 10(12) V/cm in femto- to nano-second pulses) for interactions with electromagnetically confined neutral/non-neutral plasmas. Experimental scenarios with intense photon fields on ionization/excitation processes, the ionization balance, as well as photon polarization effects and tests with intense lasers that utilize the ion plasma target are outlined. A first test of the plasma target with the PHELIX high intensity laser at GSI is described. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. GSI Darmstadt, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Stockholm, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Schneider, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM schneider2@llnl.gov RI Ursescu, Daniel/F-2216-2010; Kuhl, Thomas/C-2243-2012; Lindroth, Eva/I-2715-2013 OI Ursescu, Daniel/0000-0002-0612-670X; Kuhl, Thomas/0000-0001-6306-4579; Lindroth, Eva/0000-0003-3444-1317 NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 239 EP 243 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.102 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100061 ER PT J AU Vane, CR Krause, HF AF Vane, C. R. Krause, H. F. TI Atomic collisions at ultrarelativistic energies SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE relativistic collisions; electron capture; ionization ID POSITRON PAIR PRODUCTION; RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-IONS; 6.4-TEV SULFUR IONS; ELECTRON-CAPTURE; COULOMB COLLISIONS; SINGLE IONIZATION; FIXED TARGETS; PB IONS; DISTRIBUTIONS; HELIUM AB At ultrarelativistic energies, atomic collisions between heavy, highly-charged atoms produce extremely intense, rapidly varying electromagnetic fields that, in turn, give rise to very large ionization cross sections, diminished normal three-body electron capture cross sections, and copious lepton pair formation. Availability of beams of ultrarelativistic heavy ions at the CERN SPS enabled experimental studies of a variety of basic atomic collision phenomena in gases and solids, including radiative electron capture and electron capture from pair production, total energy loss, ionization and electron loss to continuum, and ion channeling. Results of some of these measurements and comparisons with theoretical treatments will be presented, as well as a number of remaining puzzles presented by the data. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Vane, CR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 2008,Bldg 6010,MS 6372, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vanecr@ornl.gov NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 244 EP 247 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.093 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100062 ER PT J AU Reijonen, J AF Reijonen, J. TI Neutron generators developed at LBNL for homeland security and imaging applications SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE neutron generator; D-D fusion reaction; T-T fusion reaction; RF-ion source AB The Plasma and Ion Source Technology Group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has developed various types of advanced neutron generators for wide range of applications. The latest developments include a T-T fusion reaction based point neutron generator for Tensor Technology Inc. for airport cargo screening and a single beam, D-D fusion based axial neutron generator for neutron imaging applications for Adelphi Technology Inc. These neutron generators utilize RF-induction discharge to ionize the deuterium/tritium gas. This discharge method provides high plasma density for high output current, high atomic species from molecular gases, long life operation and versatility for various discharge chamber geometries. Stability of the discharge allows for accurate modeling of the beam dynamics in accelerator section of these neutron generators. Current status of the neutron generator development with experimental data will be presented. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 EO Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Reijonen, J (reprint author), EO Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 5R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jreijonen@lbl.gov NR 7 TC 27 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 272 EP 276 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.192 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100070 ER PT J AU Sampayan, S Caporaso, G Chen, YJ Falabella, S Guethlein, G Harris, JR Hawkins, S Holmes, C Krogh, M Nelson, S Nunnally, W Paul, AC Poole, B Rhodes, M Sanders, D Selenes, K Shaklee, K Sitaraman, S Sullivan, J Wang, L Watson, J AF Sampayan, S. Caporaso, G. Chen, Y. J. Falabella, S. Guethlein, G. Harris, J. R. Hawkins, S. Holmes, C. Krogh, M. Nelson, S. Nunnally, W. Paul, A. C. Poole, B. Rhodes, M. Sanders, D. Selenes, K. Shaklee, K. Sitaraman, S. Sullivan, J. Wang, L. Watson, J. TI Applications of ultra-compact accelerator technologies for homeland security SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE pulsed accelerator; computerized tomography; luggage inspection AB We report on a technology development to address explosive detector system throughout with increased detection probability. The system we proposed and are studying consists of a pixelized X-ray based pre-screener and a pulsed neutron source quantitative post verifier. Both technologies are derived from our compact accelerator development program for the Department of Energy Radiography Mission that enables gradients > 10 MV/m. For the pixelized X-ray source panel technology, we have performed initial integration and testing. For the accelerator, we are presently integrating and testing cell modules. For the verifier, we performed MCNP calculations that show good detectability of military and multi-part liquid threat systems. We detail the progress of our overall effort, including research and modeling to date, recent high voltage test results and concept integration. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Missouri, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. TPL Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA. High Gradient Innovat, Brighton, MA USA. RP Sampayan, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM sampayan1@llnl.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 281 EP 285 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.244 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100072 ER PT J AU Ludewigt, BA Bleuel, DL Hoff, MD Kwan, JW Li, D Ratti, A Staples, JW Virostek, SP Wells, RP AF Ludewigt, B. A. Bleuel, D. L. Hoff, M. D. Kwan, J. W. Li, D. Ratti, A. Staples, J. W. Virostek, S. P. Wells, R. P. TI Accelerator-driven neutron source for cargo screening SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE neutron source; RFQ-accelerator; deuterium gas target AB Advanced neutron interrogation systems for screening sea-land cargo containers for shielded special nuclear materials (SNM) require a high-yield neutron source to achieve the desired detection probability, false alarm rate, and throughput. The design of an acceleratordriven neutron source is described that utilizes the D(d,n) He-3 reaction to produce a forward directed beam of up to 8.5 MeV neutrons. The key components of the neutron source are a high-current radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator and a neutron production gas target. The 5.1 in long, 200 MHz RFQ accelerates a 40 mA deuteron beam from a microwave-driven ion source coupled to an electrostatic low energy beam transport (LEBT) system to 6 MeV. At a 5% duty factor, the time-average D+ beam current on target is 1.5 mA. A thin entrance window has been designed for the deuterium gas target that can withstand the high beam power and the gas,pressure. The source will be capable of delivering a flux > 1 X 10(7) n/(cm(2) s) at a distance of 2.5 m from the target and will allow full testing and demonstration of a cargo screening system based on neutron stimulated SNM signatures. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ludewigt, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Bernhard_Ludewigt@lbl.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 303 EP 306 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.136 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100077 ER PT J AU Norman, DR Jones, JL Blackburn, BW Haskell, KJ Johnson, JT Watson, SM Hunt, AW Spaulding, R Harmon, F AF Norman, Daren R. Jones, James L. Blackburn, Brandon W. Haskell, Kevin J. Johnson, James T. Watson, Scott M. Hunt, Alan W. Spaulding, Randy Harmon, Frank TI Time-dependent delayed signatures from energetic photon interrogations SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE photonuclear; nuclear materials detection; explosives detection; gamma-ray spectroscopy; HPGe detector; time-dependent signatures AB Pulsed photonuclear interrogation environments generated by 8-24 MeV electron linac are rich with time-dependent, material-specific, radiation signatures. Nitrogen-based explosives and nuclear materials can be detected by exploiting these signatures in different delayed-time regions. Numerical and experimental results presented in this paper show the unique time and energy dependence of these signatures. It is shown that appropriate delayed-time windows are essential to acquire material-specific signatures in pulsed photonuclear assessment environments. These developments demonstrate that pulsed, high-energy, photon-inspection environments can be exploited for time-dependent, material-specific signatures through the proper operation of specialized detectors and detection methods. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. RP Norman, DR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Daren.Norman@inl.gov RI Johnson, James/B-9689-2017 OI Johnson, James/0000-0002-3434-4413 NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 316 EP 320 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.288 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100080 ER PT J AU Jones, JL Blackburn, BW Watson, SM Norman, DR Hunt, AW AF Jones, J. L. Blackburn, B. W. Watson, S. M. Norman, D. R. Hunt, A. W. TI High-energy photon interrogation for nonproliferation applications SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE active interrogation; pulsed photonuclear assessment (PPA); high-energy photons; delayed neutrons ID CARGO AB There is an immediate need for technologies that can successfully address homeland security challenges related to the inspection of commercial rail, air and maritime-cargo container inspections for nuclear and radiological devices. The pulsed photonuclear assessment (PPA) technology, developed through collaboration between Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and the Idaho Accelerator Center (IAC) has demonstrated the ability to detect shielded/unshielded nuclear material primarily through the analysis of delayed neutrons and gamma-rays produced via photonuclear reactions. Because of current food irradiation limitations, however, most active photon (i.e. bremsstrahlung) interrogation studies have been performed with electron beam energies at or below 10 MeV. While this energy limit currently applies to cargo inspections, the World Health Organization has indicated that higher energy electron beam operations could be considered for future operations. Clinical applications using photon energies well in excess of 10 MeV are already well established. Notwithstanding the current limitation of 10 MeV, there is a definite advantage in using higher photon energies for cargo inspections. At higher energies, several phenomena contribute to increased sensitivity in regards to detecting shielded nuclear material. Two of the most important are: (1) increased ability for source photons to penetrate shielding; and (2) enhanced signature production via increased (gamma,n) and (gamma,f) cross-sections in materials such as 235 U and Pu-239 directly leading to faster inspection throughput. Experimental assessments have been conducted for various electron beam energies from 8 to 25 MeV. Increases of up to three orders of magnitude in delayed signatures have been measured over these energy ranges. Through the continued investigation into PPA-based inspection applications using photon energies greater than 10 MeV, higher detection sensitivities with potentially lower delivered dose to cargo and increased throughput may be realized. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Idaho State Univ, Idaho Acceleratoe Ctr, Pocatello, ID 83201 USA. RP Jones, JL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM james.jones@inl.gov NR 10 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 326 EP 330 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.293 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100082 ER PT J AU Hall, JM Asztalos, S Biltoft, P Church, J Descalle, MA Luu, T Manatt, D Mauger, G Norman, E Petersen, D Pruet, J Prussin, S Slaughter, D AF Hall, J. M. Asztalos, S. Biltoft, P. Church, J. Descalle, M.-A. Luu, T. Manatt, D. Mauger, G. Norman, E. Petersen, D. Pruet, J. Prussin, S. Slaughter, D. TI The Nuclear Car Wash: Neutron interrogation of cargo containers to detect hidden SNM SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE cargo screening; special nuclear materials; neutron sources; neutron-induced fission; beta-delayed gamma-rays; scintillation detectors ID RAYS FOLLOWING FISSION; GAMMA-RAYS AB LLNL is actively involved in the development of advanced technologies for use in detecting threats in sea-going cargo containers, particularly the presence of hidden special nuclear materials (SNM). The "Nuclear Car Wash" (NCW) project presented here uses a high-energy (En approximate to 3.5-7.0 MeV) neutron probe to scan a container and then takes high-energy (E-gamma >= 2.5 MeV), beta-delayed gamma-rays emitted during the subsequent decay of any short-lived, neutron-induced fission products as a signature of fissionable material. The components of the proposed system (e.g. neutron source, gamma detectors, etc.) will be discussed along with data processing schemes, possible threat detection metrics and potential interference signals. Results from recent laboratory experiments using a prototype system at LLNL will also be presented. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hall, JM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM jmhall@llnl.gov NR 13 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 337 EP 340 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.263 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100084 ER PT J AU Blackburn, BW Jones, JL Moss, CE Mihalczo, JT Hunt, AW Harmon, F Watson, SM Johnson, JT AF Blackburn, B. W. Jones, J. L. Moss, C. E. Mihalczo, J. T. Hunt, A. W. Harmon, F. Watson, S. M. Johnson, J. T. TI Utilization of actively-induced, prompt radiation emission for nonproliferation applications SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE active interrogation; photonuclear; prompt emissions; nonproliferation AB The pulsed photonuclear assessment (PPA) technique, which has demonstrated the ability to detect shielded nuclear material, is based on utilizing delayed neutrons and photons between accelerator pulses. While most active interrogation systems have focused on delayed neutron and gamma-ray signatures, there is an increasing need to bring faster detection and acquisition capabilities to field inspection applications. This push for decreased interrogation times, increased sensitivity, and mitigation of false positives requires that detection systems take advantage of all available information. Collaborative research between Idaho National Lab (INL), Idaho State University's Idaho Accelerator Center (IAC), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), has focused on exploiting actively-induced, prompt radiation signatures from nuclear material within a pulsed photonuclear environment. To date, these prompt emissions have not been effectively exploited due to difficulties in detection and signal processing inherent in the prompt regime as well as an overall poor understanding of the magnitude and yields of these emissions. Exploitation of prompt radiation (defined as during an accelerator pulse/photofission event and/or immediately after (< 1 mu s)) has the potential to dramatically reduce interrogation times since neutron yields are more than two orders of magnitude greater than delayed emissions. Recent preliminary experiments conducted at the IAC suggest that it is indeed possible to extract prompt neutron information within a pulsed photon environment. Successful exploitation of prompt emissions is critical for the development of an improved robust, high-throughput, low target dose inspection system for detection of shielded nuclear materials. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. RP Blackburn, BW (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,MS 2802, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. EM brandon.blackburn@inl.gov RI Johnson, James/B-9689-2017 OI Johnson, James/0000-0002-3434-4413 NR 8 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 341 EP 346 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.272 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100085 ER PT J AU Kerr, P Rowland, M Dietrich, D Stoeffl, W Wheeler, B Nakae, L Howard, D Hagmann, C Newby, J Porter, R AF Kerr, Phil Rowland, Mark Dietrich, Dan Stoeffl, Wolfgang Wheeler, Boyd Nakae, Les Howard, Doug Hagmann, Chris Newby, Jason Porter, Robert TI Active detection of small quantities of shielded highly-enriched uranium using low-dose 60-kev neutron interrogation SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE active neutron interrogation; pulse-shape discrimination; neutron-induced fission AB Active interrogation with low-energy neutrons provides a search technique for highly-enriched uranium concealed in cargo. We describe the technique and show initial results using a low-dose 60-keV neutron beam. This technique produces a clear induced fission signal in the presence of small quantities of U-235. The technique has been validated with low-Z and high-Z cargo materials. The technique uses a forward-directed beam of 60-keV neutrons to induce fission in 235U. Detection of the fast fission neutrons with pulse-shape discriminating scintillators is then the signature for 235 U. The beam of neutrons is generated with a 1.93 MeV proton beam impinging on a natural lithium target. The proton beam is produced by a radio-frequency quadrupole LINAC. The 60 keV neutron beam is forward-directed because the Li-7(p,n) reaction is just above threshold for a proton energy of 1.93 MeV. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Kerr, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,L-186, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kerrl2@llnl.gov OI Newby, Robert/0000-0003-3571-1067 NR 2 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 347 EP 350 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.190 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100086 ER PT J AU Church, JA Slaughter, DR Asztalos, S Biltoft, P Descalle, MA Hall, J Luu, T Manatt, D Mauger, J Norman, EB Petersen, D Prussin, S AF Church, J. A. Slaughter, D. R. Asztalos, S. Biltoft, P. Descalle, M.-A. Hall, J. Luu, T. Manatt, D. Mauger, J. Norman, E. B. Petersen, D. Prussin, S. TI Signals and interferences in the nuclear car wash SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE active neutron interrogation; n-induced fission; beta-delayed radiation; plastic scintillators; SNM ID GAMMA-RAYS; FISSION AB The screening of sea-going cargo containers for highly enriched uranium (HEU) and other fissile material is a challenging problem. This is due in part to the cargo itself, which acts as an attenuator to any radiation that might signal its presence. In the nuclear car wash, beta-delayed high-energy gamma-rays following neutron-induced fission are utilized as this signal. The delayed gamma-rays above 3 MeV are highly penetrating and have energies above natural background radiation. In addition, the half-lives of most fission products emitting gamma-rays at these energies are less than 160 s, making it feasible to construct decay curves on a time scale which preserves the flow of commerce through the port. A particular goal of the project is to understand the rate of false alarms. To this end, experiments are underway to investigate possible interferences, and to understand variations in the overall gamma-ray background. The experiments and preliminary results are discussed. Work performed under the auspices of the DOE by the UC LLNL W7405Eng4,UCRL-PROC-224803. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Church, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,L-186, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM church4@llnl.gov NR 4 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 351 EP 355 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.264 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100087 ER PT J AU Hutcheson, A Angell, CT Becker, JA Boswell, M Crowell, AS Dashdorj, D Fallin, B Fotiades, N Howell, CR Karwowski, HJ Kelley, JH Kiser, M Macri, RA Nelson, RO Pedroni, RS Tonchec, AP Tornow, W Vieira, DJ Weisel, GJ Wilhelmy, JB AF Hutcheson, A. Angell, C. T. Becker, J. A. Boswell, M. Crowell, A. S. Dashdorj, D. Fallin, B. Fotiades, N. Howell, C. R. Karwowski, H. J. Kelley, J. H. Kiser, M. Macri, R. A. Nelson, R. O. Pedroni, R. S. Tonchec, A. P. Tornow, W. Vieira, D. J. Weisel, G. J. Wilhelmy, J. B. TI Pulsed and monoenergetic beams for neutron cross-section measurements using activation and scattering techniques at Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE neutron-induced reactions; in-beam measurements; clover detectors; U-235(n,2n); Am-238(n,2n); Am-241(n,2n) AB In support of the Stewardship Science Academic Alliances initiative, an experimental program has been developed at Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) to measure (n,xn) cross-sections with both in-beam and activation techniques with the goal of improving the partial cross-section database for the NNSA Stockpile Stewardship Program. First experimental efforts include excitation function measurements on U-235,U-238 and (241)AM using pulsed and monoenergetic neutron beams with E-n = 5-15 MeV. Neutron-induced partial cross-sections were measured by detecting prompt gamma rays from the residual nuclei using various combinations of clover and planar HPGe detectors in the TUNL shielded neutron source area. Complimentary activation measurements using DC neutron beams have also been performed in open geometry in our second target area. The neutron-induced activities were measured in the TUNL low-background counting area. In this presentation, we include detailed information about the irradiation procedures and facilities and preliminary data on first measurements using this capability. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. Penn State Atloona, Altoona, PA 16601 USA. RP Hutcheson, A (reprint author), Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, POB 90308, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM hutch@tunl.duke.edu OI Angell, Christopher/0000-0003-0333-6557; Fotiadis, Nikolaos/0000-0003-1410-3871 NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 369 EP 372 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.097 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100091 ER PT J AU Sterbentz, JW Jones, JL Yoon, WY Norman, DR Haskell, KJ AF Sterbentz, J. W. Jones, J. L. Yoon, W. Y. Norman, D. R. Haskell, K. J. TI Benchmark validation comparisons of measured and calculated delayed neutron detector responses for a pulsed photonuclear assessment technique SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE photonuclear; active interrogation; nuclear material detection; benchmark data AB An MCNPX-based calculational methodology has been developed to numerically simulate the complex electron-photon-neutron transport problem for the active interrogation system known as the pulsed photonuclear assessment (PPA) technique. The PPA technique uses a pulsed electron accelerator to generate bremsstrahlung photons in order to fission nuclear materials. Delayed neutron radiation is then detected with helium-3 neutron detectors as evidence of the nuclear material presence. Two experimental tests were designed, setup and run to generate experimental data for benchmarking purposes. The first test irradiated depleted uranium in air, and the second test, depleted uranium in a simulated cargo container (plywood pallet), using 10 MeV electron pulses. Time-integrated, post-flash, delayed neutron counts were measured and compared to calculated count predictions in order to benchmark the calculational methodology and computer models. Comparisons between the experimental measurements and numerical predictions of the delayed neutron detector responses resulted in reasonable experiment/calculated ratios of 1.42 and 1.06 for the two tests. High-enriched uranium (HEU) predictions were also made with the benchmarked models. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Sterbentz, JW (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM James.Sterbentz@inl.gov NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 373 EP 377 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.274 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100092 ER PT J AU Morse, DH Antolak, AJ Doyle, BL AF Morse, Daniel H. Antolak, Arlyn J. Doyle, Barney L. TI Photofission in uranium by nuclear reaction gamma-rays SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE photofission; proton; gamma; uranium ID CROSS-SECTIONS AB The ideal photon source for active interrogation of fissile materials would use monoenergetic photons to minimize radiation dose to surroundings. The photon energy would be high enough to produce relatively large photofission signals, but below the photoneutron threshold for common cargo materials in order to reduce background levels. To develop such a source, we are investigating the use of low-energy, proton-induced nuclear reactions to generate monochromatic, MeV-energy gamma-rays. Of particular interest are the nuclear resonances at 163 keV for the B-11(p,gamma)(12) C reaction producing 11.7 MeV gamma-rays, 340 keV for the F-19(p,alpha gamma)(16) O reaction producing 6.13 MeV photons, and 441 keV for the Li-7(p,gamma)Be-8 reaction producing 14.8 and 17.7 MeV photons. A 700 keV Van de Graaff ion accelerator was used to test several potential (p,gamma) materials and the gamma-ray yields from these targets were measured with a 5 '' x 5 '' NaI detector. A pulsed proton beam from the accelerator was used to induce prompt (neutron) and delayed (neutron and gamma-ray) photofission signals in uranium which were measured with 3 He and Nal detectors. We show that the accelerator data is in good agreement with Monte Carlo radiation transport calculations and published results. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Morse, DH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS9403, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM dhmorse@sandia.gov NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 378 EP 381 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.271 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100093 ER PT J AU Merrill, F Harmon, F Hunt, A Mariam, F Morley, K Morris, C Saunders, A Schwartz, C AF Merrill, Frank Harmon, Frank Hunt, Alan Mariam, Fesseha Morley, Kevin Morris, Christopher Saunders, Alexander Schwartz, Cynthia TI Electron radiography SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE radiography; charged particle radiography; electron AB The technique of charged particle radiography has been developed and proved with 800 MeV protons at LANSCE and 24 GeV protons at the AGS. Recent work at Los Alamos National Laboratory in collaboration with the Idaho Accelerator Center has extended this diagnostic technique to electron radiography through the development of an inexpensive and portable electron radiography system. This system has been designed to use 30 MeV electrons to radiograph thin static and dynamic objects. The system consists of a 30 MeV electron linear accelerator coupled to a quadrupole lens magnifier constructed from permanent magnet quadrupoles. The design features and commissioning results of this radiography system are presented. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, Pocatello, ID 83201 USA. RP Merrill, F (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM fmerrill@lanl.gov OI Morris, Christopher/0000-0003-2141-0255; Merrill, Frank/0000-0003-0603-735X NR 3 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 382 EP 386 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.127 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100094 ER PT J AU Hausladen, PA Bingham, PR Neal, JS Mullens, JA Mihalczo, JT AF Hausladen, P. A. Bingham, P. R. Neal, J. S. Mullens, J. A. Mihalczo, J. T. TI Portable fast-neutron radiography with the nuclear materials identification system for fissile material transfers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE associated-particle technique AB The nuclear materials identification system (NMIS) has historically been used with a Cf-252 source for bulk interrogation of highly enriched uranium and plutonium. Recently, a portable associated-particle sealed-tube neutron generator (APSTNG) has been added as an interrogation source. This paper reports results from using the NMIS with the neutron generator to perform transmission radiography. In particular, the use of associated-particle techniques allows low-dose imaging to be performed simultaneously with traditional measurements, without physical collimation, and in high background environments. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hausladen, PA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hausladenpa@ornl.gov RI Neal, John/R-8203-2016 OI Neal, John/0000-0001-8337-5235 NR 6 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 387 EP 390 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.206 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100095 ER PT J AU DeSimone, DJ Haertling, C Tesmer, JR Wang, YQ AF DeSimone, D. J. Haertling, C. Tesmer, J. R. Wang, Y. Q. TI Measurement of the D(p,p)D cross section at laboratory backward angles of 151 degrees and 167 degrees SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE elastic scattering cross section; deuterium; proton scattering AB Elastic backscattering spectrometry was completed to determine proton-deuterium scattering cross sections for the D(p,p)D reaction. An ErD2 thin film on a substrate of Kovar was used for the measurements with a proton beam at energies of 1.9-3.0 MeV and laboratory scattering angles of 167 degrees and 151 degrees. Within the energy range used, the measured differential scattering cross section (mb/sr) showed no significant angular dependence between these two angles, and only a slight dependence on beam energy. However, the laboratory cross section to Rutherford ratios (sigma/sigma(R)) increased linearly with beam energy at both angles; as beam energy increased from 1.9 to 3.0 MeV, the cross section ratio (sigma/sigma(R)) increased from 83.4 to 185.5 at 151 degrees and from 548.5 to 1178.4 at 167 degrees. Our data agreed reasonably well with a set of literature values obtained at laboratory scattering angles of 150 degrees, 153 degrees, and 170 degrees. Finally, we have attempted to clarify confusion in the literature resulting from conversions between different angular systems as well as conversions between measured cross section values and cross section to Rutherford ratios. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Nonproliferat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP DeSimone, DJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Nonproliferat Div, MIS B228,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM desimone@lanl.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 405 EP 408 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.027 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100099 ER PT J AU Reed, RA Vizkelethy, G Pellish, JA Sierawski, B Warren, KM Porter, M Wilkinson, J Marshall, PW Niu, G Cressler, JD Schrimpf, RD Tipton, A Weller, RA AF Reed, Robert A. Vizkelethy, Gyorgy Pellish, Jonathan A. Sierawski, Brian Warren, Kevin M. Porter, Mark Wilkinson, Jeff Marshall, Paul W. Niu, Guofu Cressler, John D. Schrimpf, Ronald D. Tipton, Alan Weller, Robert A. TI Applications of heavy ion microprobe for single event effects analysis SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE radiation effects in semiconductors; focused ion beam ID NM CMOS TECHNOLOGY; CHARGE COLLECTION; CIRCUIT AB The motion of ionizing-radiation-induced rogue charge carriers in a semiconductor can create unwanted voltage and current conditions within a microelectronic circuit. If sufficient unwanted charge or current occurs on a sensitive node, a variety of single event effects (SEEs) can occur with consequences ranging from trivial to catastrophic. This paper describes the application of heavy ion microprobes to assist with calibration and validation of SEE modeling approaches. (c) 2007 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Stevenson Ctr 5635, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Inst Space & Def Elect, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Medtron Microelect Ctr, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA. Medtronic, CRDM Device Technol, Minneapolis, MN 55432 USA. NASA Consultant, Brookneal, VA 24528 USA. Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36894 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Reed, RA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Stevenson Ctr 5635, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM robert.reed@vanderbilt.edu RI Pellish, Jonathan/A-8591-2008; Wilkinson, Jeff/D-6309-2011; Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013; OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701; , Jeff/0000-0001-6454-0477 NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 443 EP 446 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.163 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100108 ER PT J AU Antolak, AJ Morse, DH Grant, PG Kotula, PG Doyle, BL Richardson, CB AF Antolak, Arlyn J. Morse, Daniel H. Grant, Patrick G. Kotula, Paul G. Doyle, Barney L. Richardson, Charles B. TI Particulate characterization by PIXE multivariate spectral analysis SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE ion beam analysis; multivariate statistical analysis; particulate analysis ID MICROANALYSIS; LIVERMORE; IMAGES AB Obtaining particulate compositional maps from scanned PIXE (proton-induced X-ray emission) measurements is extremely difficult due to the complexity of analyzing spectroscopic data collected with low signal-to-noise at each scan point (pixel). Multivariate spectral analysis has the potential to analyze such data sets by reducing the PIXE data to a limited number of physically realizable and easily interpretable components (that include both spectral and image information). We have adapted the AXSIA (automated expert spectral image analysis) program, originally developed by Sandia National Laboratories to quantify electron-excited X-ray spectroscopy data, for this purpose. Samples consisting of particulates with known compositions and sizes were loaded onto Mylar and paper filter substrates and analyzed by scanned micro-PIXE. The data sets were processed by AXSIA and the associated principal component spectral data were quantified by converting the weighting images into concentration maps. The results indicate automated, nonbiased, multivariate statistical analysis is useful for converting very large amounts of data into a smaller, more manageable number of compositional components needed for locating individual particles-of-interest on large area collection media. Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Antolak, AJ (reprint author), POB 969,MS9403, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM antolak@sandia.gov RI Kotula, Paul/A-7657-2011 OI Kotula, Paul/0000-0002-7521-2759 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 470 EP 474 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.286 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100114 ER PT J AU Huddle, JR Grant, PG Ludington, AR Foster, RL AF Huddle, James R. Grant, Patrick G. Ludington, Alexander R. Foster, Robert L. TI Ion beam-induced luminescence SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE ion beam-induced luminescence AB Ion beam-induced luminescence (IBIL) is a technique for materials analysis. An ion beam is used to excite atoms in a target, and visible light emitted from the target material is analyzed with a fiber-optic spectrometer. Since visible light results from outer-shell transitions, IBIL can give information about the nature of chemical bonds in materials, which methods such as PIXE and RBS cannot. We have bombarded various materials, not all of which are transparent, with 2-3 MeV protons, and have collected spectra over the wavelength range of 300-1000 nm. In this paper, we compare IBIL and photon-induced spectra for YAG. We find that the IBIL spectra contain emission lines not present in the photon-induced spectra. We suspect that this is because the selection rules for proton-induced excitation are less stringent than for photon-induced. If this is true, then (1) IBIL may be an inherently more powerful analytical technique than photon-induced spectroscopic methods and (2) some of the states created by ion bombardment may be metastable, so that IBIL might lead to a new laser pumping scheme. Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Huddle, JR (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, 572-C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM huddle@usna.edu NR 4 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 475 EP 476 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.025 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100115 ER PT J AU Jones, KW Kerkar, PB Mahajan, D Lindquist, WB Feng, H AF Jones, K. W. Kerkar, P. B. Mahajan, D. Lindquist, W. B. Feng, H. TI Microstructure of natural hydrate host sediments SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE methane hydrate; tetrahydrofuran hydrate; Sediments; microstructure; synchrotron-computed microtomography AB There is worldwide interest in the study of natural gas hydrate because of its potential impact on world energy resources, control on seafloor stability, significance as a drilling hazard and probable impact on climate as a reservoir of a major greenhouse gas. Gas hydrates can (a) be free floating in the sediment matrix, (b) contact, but do not cement, existing sediment grains, or (c) actually cement and stiffen the bulk sediment. Seismic surveys, often used to prospect for hydrates over a large area, can provide knowledge of the location of large hydrate concentrations because the hydrates within the sediment pores modify seismic properties. The ability to image a sample at the grain scale and to determine the porosity, permeability and seismic profile is of great interest since these parameters can help in determining the location of hydrates with certainty. We report here on an investigation of the structure of methane hydrate sediments at the grain-size scale using the synchrotron radiation-based computed microtomography (CMT) technique. Work has started on the measurements of the changes occurring as tetrahydrofuran hydrate, a surrogate for methane hydrate, is formed in the sediment. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11793 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Adv Energy Res & Technol Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Montclair State Univ, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. RP Jones, KW (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11793 USA. EM jones@bnl.gov NR 7 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 504 EP 507 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.032 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100121 ER PT J AU Veryovkin, IV Calaway, WF Tripa, CE Pellin, MJ AF Veryovkin, Igor V. Calaway, Wallis F. Tripa, C. Emil Pellin, Michael J. TI Mass spectrometry on the nanoscale with ion sputtering based techniques: What is feasible SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE mass spectrometry; laser post-ionization; SIMS; SNMS; useful yield ID RESONANCE IONIZATION AB The potential of ion sputtering based mass spectrometry applied to materials characterization on the nanometer scale is discussed. Analytical approaches and required instrumental capabilities are outlined, and the current state-of-the-art is summarized. A new generation of analytical instruments specifically optimized for laser post-ionization secondary neutral mass spectrometry has been developed at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). Experimentally verified (or anticipated after near-future upgrades) analytical capabilities of these instruments, capable of quantitative analysis at the nanometer-scale, are reported and compared to secondary ion mass spectrometry. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Veryovkin, IV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM verigo@anl.gov RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768 NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 508 EP 511 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.058 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100122 ER PT J AU Demkowicz, MJ Wang, YQ Hoagland, RG Anderoglu, O AF Demkowicz, M. J. Wang, Y. Q. Hoagland, R. G. Anderoglu, O. TI Mechanisms of He escape during implantation in CuNb multilayer composites SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE radiation damage; implantation; ERD; nanostructure; multilayers AB CuNb multilayer composites with layer thicknesses as small as 4 nm have shown remarkable resistance to radiation damage at room temperature. The technological importance of these materials, however, depends on their radiation damage resistance properties at elevated temperatures. We investigated the degree of retention of 33 keV He-4(+) implanted at temperatures ranging from 490 degrees C to 660 degrees C in CuNb multilayer composites with layer thicknesses from 4 nm to 100 nm. Analysis by elastic recoil detection (ERD) with 12 MeV C-12(3+) beam demonstrates that the fraction of retained He decreases with increasing temperature and decreasing layer thickness, suggesting that interfaces between neighboring Cu and Nb layers serve as pathways for fast diffusion of implanted He out of the CuNb multilayer composites. Atomic-scale simulations of radiation damage cascades indicate that this property stems from the ability of CuNb interfaces to quickly absorb defects created during these cascades. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct Property Relat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Demkowicz, MJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct Property Relat Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM demkowicz@lanl.gov RI Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012 NR 6 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 524 EP 528 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.110 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100126 ER PT J AU Greco, R Luce, A Wang, YQ Shao, L AF Greco, Richard Luce, Alex Wang, Yongqiang Shao, Lin TI A technique to measure stopping power difference between channeled and non-channeled ions in crystalline solids SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE rutherford backscattering spectrometry; stopping power; channeling stopping power; energy loss; ion beam analysis ID SI AB For high accuracy in energy-depth conversion in channeling Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) analysis, the precise knowledge of the channeling stopping powers of helium ions in crystalline solids is demanded. Here, we propose a novel approach to measure the stopping power difference between channeled and random He ions in silicon. In this technique, energies of incident He ions are adjusted such that the detector measured energies of ions which are backscattered from a buried maker in silicon are the same for the channeled and random incident ions. Therefore, the amount of energy adjustments for the incident beams represents the difference in energy loss between channeled and random ions in their inward paths. The technique avoids the use of a self-standing thin film which is normally required in stopping power measurements. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Ion Beam Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM rgreco@lanl.gov NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 538 EP 540 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.033 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100129 ER PT J AU Todd, DS Leitner, D Leitner, M Maruyama, R Vetter, PA Xu, KN AF Todd, D. S. Leitner, D. Leitner, M. Maruyama, R. Vetter, P. A. Xu, K. N. TI Design of the low energy astrophysics research facility CLAIRE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE nuclear astrophysics; low energy beam transport ID SIMULATION AB A novel nuclear astrophysics facility, CLAIRE (Center for Low Energy Astrophysics and Interdisciplinary REsearch), is being designed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to address the need for precise fusion cross section measurements at near-solar energies (similar to 20 keV). At these low energies, fusion cross sections decrease exponentially with energy and are expected to approach femtobarn levels or less. In order to measure such small cross sections, the CLAIRE facility will incorporate a versatile accelerator capable of transporting high current (> 100 mA), low energy (50-300 keV) ion beams with a tight focus (< 1 cm) to a cooled, dense gas-jet target. The conceptual design for this accelerator is discussed, and simulations of both beam extraction and transport are presented. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Todd, DS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 88R0192, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dstodd@lbl.gov RI Maruyama, Reina/A-1064-2013 OI Maruyama, Reina/0000-0003-2794-512X NR 10 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 544 EP 548 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.040 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100131 ER PT J AU Usov, IO Wang, YQ Li, Q Zhu, YT DePaula, RF Arendt, PN AF Usov, I. O. Wang, Y. Q. Li, Q. Zhu, Y. T. DePaula, R. F. Arendt, P. N. TI Impurity elements study of carbon nanotubes fabricated by chemical vapor deposition SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE carbon nanotubes; impurities; PIXE; RBS ID CATALYST TRACES; CVD AB It is widely known that materials properties are very sensitive to the presence of impurity elements. In this study we performed Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) and particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis of impurity elements in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) fabricated by chemical vapor deposition. Impurities such as O, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar, Ti, Cr and Fe were found. The O was uniformly distributed and the most abundant impurity in CNTs. Sources of contamination were investigated and it was suggested that the presence of Si, S, Cl, Ti and Cr can be eliminated. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Usov, IO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM iusov@lanl.gov RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 574 EP 577 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.173 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100138 ER PT J AU Han, BX Southon, JR Roberts, ML von Reden, KF AF Han, B. X. Southon, J. R. Roberts, M. L. von Reden, K. F. TI Computer simulation of MC-SNICS for performance improvements SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE sputter ion sources; MC-SNICS; computer simulation; accelerator mass spectrometry AB Increasing ion source current output while keeping the beam emittance small is a key for improving measurement throughput and quality of an accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system. The NEC MC-SNICS ion sources have widely been used for AMS around the world. In this work, a computer simulation study on MC-SNICS ion source was carried out using the code PBGUNS. The primary Cs+ beam is simulated as space-charge limited emission from the ionizer surface. The secondary negative ion beam is simulated in the presence of the space-charge induced by both the primary and the secondary beam. Two different configurations of the MC-SNICS have been studied: the original factory version and the UC Irvine modified version. The latter has a 0.668 in. radius spherical ionizer and an immersion lens at cathode potential with the original Cs focus lens removed. Simulation showed that the modified version provides more intense and better focused Cs+ beam at the cathode target, hence higher negative ion production from the sample by sputtering. The new arrangement of Einzel-preacceleration section of the MC-SNICS at UC Irvine was also simulated and discussed. Simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental observations made at UC Irvine. Hints for selection of an immersion lens geometry have been obtained. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Natl Ocean Sci AMS Facil, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Keck Carbon Cycle AMS Facil, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Han, BX (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hanb@ornl.gov OI von Reden, Karl/0000-0001-6413-9018 NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 588 EP 593 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.060 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100141 ER PT J AU Swenson, DR Wu, AT Degenkolb, E Insepov, Z AF Swenson, D. R. Wu, A. T. Degenkolb, E. Insepov, Z. TI Gas cluster ion beam surface treatments for reducing field emission and breakdown of electrodes and SRF cavities SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE cluster-surface interactions; gas cluster ion beam; RF breakdown; superconducting RF cavity; field emission ID SUPERCONDUCTING CAVITIES; ACCELERATORS; IMPACTS AB Sub-micron-scale surface roughness and contamination cause field emission that can lead to high-voltage breakdown of electrodes, and these are limiting factors in the development of high gradient RF technology. We are studying various Gas Cluster Ion Beam (GCIB) treatments to smooth, clean, etch and/or chemically alter electrode surfaces to allow higher fields and accelerating gradients, and to reduce the time and cost of conditioning high-voltage electrodes. For this paper, we have processed Nb, stainless steel and Ti electrode materials using beams of Ar, O-2, or NF3 + O-2 Clusters with accelerating potentials up to 35 kV. Using a scanning field emission microscope (SFEM), we have repeatedly seen a dramatic reduction in the number of field emission sites on Nb coupons treated with GCIB. Smoothing effects on stainless steel and Ti substrates, evaluated using SEM and AFM imaging, show that 200-nm-wide polishing scratch marks are greatly attenuated. A 150-mm diameter GCIB-treated stainless steel electrode has shown virtually no DC field emission current at gradients over 20 MV/m. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Epion Corp, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. Jefferson Natl Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Swenson, DR (reprint author), Epion Corp, 37 Manning Rd, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. EM dswenson@epion.com RI Insepov, Zinetula/L-2095-2013 OI Insepov, Zinetula/0000-0002-8079-6293 NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 630 EP 633 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.277 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100151 ER PT J AU Insepov, Z Hassanein, A Norem, J Swenson, DR AF Insepov, Z. Hassanein, A. Norem, J. Swenson, D. R. TI Advanced surface polishing using gas cluster ion beams SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE surface smoothening; grain boundaries; GCIB; rf-cavity breakdown ID RF BREAKDOWN AB The gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) treatment can be an important treatment for mitigation of the Q-slope in superconducting cavities. The existing surface smoothening methods were analyzed and a new surface polishing method was proposed based on employing extra-large gas cluster ions (X-GCIB). (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Epion Corp, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. RP Insepov, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM insepov@an1.gov RI Insepov, Zinetula/L-2095-2013 OI Insepov, Zinetula/0000-0002-8079-6293 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 664 EP 668 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.134 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100159 ER PT J AU Ghisleni, R Shao, L Lucca, DA Doan, V Nastasi, M Dong, J Mehner, A AF Ghisleni, R. Shao, L. Lucca, D. A. Doan, V. Nastasi, M. Dong, J. Mehner, A. TI Effects of heat treatment and ion irradiation on hybrid organic/inorganic sol-gel derived thin films SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE ion irradiation; heat treatment; sol-gel; hybrid organic/inorganic; thin films ID SI-BASED POLYMERS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; COATINGS; CERAMICS; LAYERS AB Hybrid organic/inorganic modified silicate thin films were synthesized by sol-gel processing from tetracthoxysilane (TEOS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) precursors and spin-coated onto (100) Si substrates. A comparison was made of films which were heat treated at temperatures ranging from 300 degrees C to 800 degrees C and a film which was first heat treated at 300 degrees C and subsequently irradiated using 2 MeV He+ ions with a fluence of 3 x 10(15) ions/cm(2). Nanoindentation was used to measure the hardness and reduced elastic modulus, both of which exhibited an order of magnitude increase after irradiation. The increase in hardness and reduced elastic modulus of the irradiated film was accompanied by a 50% reduction in H concentration. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was also employed to examine the changes in C, O and Si composition resulting from heat treatment and ion irradiation. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Phys & Applicat, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Stiftung Inst Werkstofftech, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. RP Lucca, DA (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, 218 Engn N, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM lucca@ceat.okstate.edu RI Ghisleni, Rudy/E-7884-2010 NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 708 EP 710 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.045 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100169 ER PT J AU Yu, ZQ Zhang, Y Wang, CM Shutthanandan, V Lyubinetsk, IV Engelhard, MH Saraf, L McCready, DE Henager, CH Nachimuthu, P Thevuthasan, S AF Yu, Z. Q. Zhang, Y. Wang, C. M. Shutthanandan, V. Lyubinetsk, I. V. Engelhard, M. H. Saraf, Ln. McCready, D. E. Henager, C. H., Jr. Nachimuthu, P. Thevuthasan, S. TI Synthesis and characterization of compositionally graded Si1-xGex layers on Si substrate SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE Rutherford backscattering spectrometry; channeling; Si1-xGex thin films; molecular beam epitaxy ID STRAIN; SUPERLATTICES; ALLOYS; GROWTH AB Thin film of silicon germanium (Si1-xGex) with tailored composition was grown on Si(100) substrate at 650 degrees C in an ultrahigh vacuum molecular beam epitaxy system. The quality of the film was investigated by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) in random and channeling geometries, glancing angle X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoetectron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. The nominal x-value ranged from 0 to 0.14. RBS/channeling measurements indicate that the strain associated with lattice mismatch is compressive in the film. The film shows island growth, which is driven by interface misfit dislocation. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Nanjing Normal Univ, Dept Chem, Nanjing 210097, Peoples R China. RP Thevuthasan, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Theva@pnl.gov RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 723 EP 726 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.139 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100173 ER PT J AU Rout, B Dymnikov, AD Zachry, DP Eschenazi, EV Wang, YQQ Greco, RR Glass, GA AF Rout, Bibhudutta Dymnikov, Alexander D. Zachry, Daniel P. Eschenazi, Elia V. Wang, Yongqiang Q. Greco, Richard R. Glass, Gary A. TI High energy heavy ion beam lithography in silicon SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE P-beam; lithography; silicon; heavy ion; KOH ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MICROFABRICATION AB As high energy ions travel through a crystalline semiconductor materials they produce damage along the path which results in resistance to some of the wet chemical etching. A series of preliminary experiments have been performed at the Louisiana Accelerator Center (LAC) to examine the feasibility of irradiating high energy (keV-MeV) ions such as protons, xenon and gold through microscale masked structures on crystalline (n-type) Si substrates followed by wet chemical etch with KOH for attaining deep micromachining in Si. The results of these experiments are reported. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ SW Louisiana, Louisiana Accelerator Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. Univ Sci Philadelphia, Dept Math Phys & Comp Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rout, B (reprint author), Univ SW Louisiana, Louisiana Accelerator Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. EM bibhu@louisiana.edu NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 731 EP 735 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.121 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100175 ER PT J AU Fassbender, M Arzumanov, A Jamriska, DJ Lyssukhin, SN Trellue, H Waters, LS AF Fassbender, M. Arzumanov, A. Jamriska, D. J. Lyssukhin, S. N. Trellue, H. Waters, L. S. TI Proton beam simulation with MCNPX: Gallium metal activation estimates below 30 MeV relevant to the bulk production of Ge-68 and Zn-65 SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE MCNP-X; proton beam simulation; Ge-68; Zn-65 production; thick target yield; particle fluence modeling; chemical separation; anion exchange; Ge-68/Ga generator AB Several gallium metal targets containing Ga metal encapsulated in Nb shells were irradiated in a 30 MeV cyclotron beam. Proton and secondary neutron beam fluences as well as radionuclide activity formation were modeled using MCNP-X in combination with CINDER90. Targets were chemically processed using two anion exchange steps. Good agreement between measured radiochemical yields and MCNPX/CINDER estimates was observed. The separation principle introduced in this work was utilized for a small Ge-68/Ga generator column for Ga-68 labeling purposes. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Alma Ata 050032, Kazakhstan. RP Fassbender, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM mifa@lanl.gov NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 742 EP 746 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.099 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100178 ER PT J AU Kreiner, AJ Kwan, JW Burlon, AA Di Paolo, H Henestroza, E Minsky, DM Valda, AA Debray, ME Somacal, H AF Kreiner, A. J. Kwan, J. W. Burlon, A. A. Di Paolo, H. Henestroza, E. Minsky, D. M. Valda, A. A. Debray, M. E. Somacal, H. TI A Tandem-electrostatic-quadrupole for accelerator-based BNCT SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE accelerator-based BNCT; Tandem-ESQ; (7)Li(p, n) reaction ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY; BRAIN-TUMORS; BEAMS AB A project to develop a Tandem-electrostatic-quadrupole (TESQ) accelerator for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy (AB-BNCT) is described. A folded Tandem, with 1.25 MV terminal voltage, combined with an electrostatic quadrupole (ESQ) chain is being proposed. The project goal is a machine capable of delivering 30 mA of 2.5 MeV protons to be used in conjunction with a neutron production target based on the (7)Li(p, n)(7) Be reaction slightly beyond its resonance at 2.25 MeV. This machine is conceptually shown to be capable of accelerating a 30 mA proton beam to 2.5 MeV. These are the specifications needed to produce sufficiently intense and clean epithermal neutron beams, based on the (7)Li(p, n)(7) Be reaction, to perform BNCT treatment for deep-seated tumors in less than an hour. This electrostatic machine is the technologically simplest and cheapest solution for optimized AB-BNCT. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Dept Fis, RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ San Martin, Escuela Ciencia & Tecnol, San Martin, Argentina. Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Kreiner, AJ (reprint author), Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Dept Fis, Villa Martelli, RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM kreiner@tandar.cnea.gov.ar NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 751 EP 754 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.055 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100180 ER PT J AU Caporaso, GJ Sampayan, S Chen, YJ Harris, J Hawkins, S Holmes, C Krogh, M Nelson, S Nunnally, W Paul, A Poole, B Rhodes, M Sanders, D Selenes, K Sullivan, J Wang, L Watson, J AF Caporaso, G. J. Sampayan, S. Chen, Y. -J. Harris, J. Hawkins, S. Holmes, C. Krogh, M. Nelson, S. Nunnally, W. Paul, A. Poole, B. Rhodes, M. Sanders, D. Selenes, K. Sullivan, J. Wang, L. Watson, J. TI Compact accelerator concept for proton therapy SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE pulsed accelerator; proton therapy; high gradient; dielectric wall accelerator AB A new type of compact induction accelerator is under development at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory that promises to increase the average accelerating gradient by at least an order of magnitude over that of existing induction machines. The machine is based on the use of high gradient vacuum insulators, advanced dielectric materials and switches and is being developed as a compact flash X-ray radiography source. Research describing an extreme variant of this technology aimed at proton therapy for cancer will be presented. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Missouri, Rolla, MS USA. Univ Missouri, Columbia, MS USA. TPL Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA. RP Caporaso, GJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-645, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM caporaso1@Ilnl.gov NR 6 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 777 EP 781 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.187 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100186 ER PT J AU Schueller, MJ Alexoff, DL Schlyer, DJ AF Schueller, Michael John Alexoff, David L. Schlyer, David James TI Separating long-lived metal ions from F-18 during (H2O)-O-18 recovery SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE fluorine-18; radiochemistry AB Cyclotron targets for the production of [F-18]-fluoride usually use a thin metal window to contain the O-18-enriched water during irradiation. This window is activated by the proton beam, and undesired radioisotopes can enter the target water. A pre-packaged strong anion exchange resin is commonly used for [O-18]-water recovery. A two-column method has been developed which delivers >95% of the [F-18]-fluoride for radiosynthesis while rejecting >99.9% of the contaminants. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Schueller, MJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, 57 Cornell St, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mschueller@bnl.gov NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 795 EP 799 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.193 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100190 ER PT J AU Ludewigt, BA Wells, RP Reijonen, J AF Ludewigt, B. A. Wells, R. P. Reijonen, J. TI High-yield D-T neutron generator SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE neutron generator; neutron interrogation; RF-driven ion source AB A high-yield D-T neutron generator has been developed for neutron interrogation in homeland security applications such as cargo screening. The generator has been designed as a sealed tube with a performance goal of producing 5 x 10 (11)n/s over a long lifetime. The key generator components developed are a radio-frequency (RF) driven ion source and a beam-loaded neutron production target that can handle a beam power of 10 M The ion source can provide a 100 mA D+/T+ beam current with a high fraction of atomic species and can be pulsed up to frequencies of several kilohertz for pulsed neutron generator operation. Testing in D-D operation has been started. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ludewigt, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Bernhard-Ludewigt@lbl.gov NR 11 TC 15 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 830 EP 834 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.246 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100199 ER PT J AU Chichester, DL Brainard, J Schwoebel, PR Hertz, KL Holland, C AF Chichester, D. L. Brainard, J. Schwoebel, P. R. Hertz, K. L. Holland, C. TI Development of a field desorption ion source for neutron generator applications SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE field desorption; ion source; neutron tube; neutron generator ID VACUUM MICROELECTRONICS; EMISSION; IONIZATION AB Field desorption is a process in which external electric fields are used to promote the ionization and ejection of atoms chemisorbed on the outer surface of an electrode. This process occurs in the presence of a high electric field (10-40 V/nm) and can be used to desorb hydrogen or its isotopes from a metal substrate, producing 100% atomic ions in the high field region surrounding the emitting surface. Electrostatic modeling and simulations have been performed to study design parameters for nanoscale metal desorption tips intended to be used in a high density emitter arrays as a field desorption ion source within a sealed tube neutron generator. The radius of the emission tip and the proximity of the emitting cone to the edge of the gate hole are of particular importance; for maximal desorption region fields the optimal position of the emission tip is within the plane of the gate film. An important design challenge is to ensure fields at the tip are sufficient for desorption while ensuring fields at the gate are not large enough for electron emission. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Chichester, DL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, MS-3840,POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM David.Chichester@INL.gov NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 835 EP 838 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.105 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100200 ER PT J AU Seabury, EH Blackburn, BW Chichester, DL Wharton, CJ Caffrey, AJ AF Seabury, E. H. Blackburn, B. W. Chichester, D. L. Wharton, C. J. Caffrey, A. J. TI Comparison of DD, DT and Cf-252 neutron excitation of light and medium mass nuclei for field PGNAA applications SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE PGNAA; neutron activation analysis; neutron generator AB Prompt Gamma Ray Neutron activation analysis can offer significant cost and safety advantages in the identification of explosives and toxic chemicals. As an example, the US military examined over a thousand suspect chemical munitions with Idaho National Laboratory's PINS Chemical Assay System last year. PGNAA requires, of course, a neutron source to excite the atomic nuclei of the item under test via neutron capture and inelastic neutron scattering reactions and the choice of neutron source can drastically affect PGNAA system performance. We have carried out Monte Carlo and laboratory experiments comparing DD, DT and Cf-252 neutrons incident on light and medium mass chemical elements, toward optimizing the design of future neutron-generator-based PGNAA systems for field use. We report the excitation of (n,gamma) and (n,n') gamma rays from these elements by each type of neutron source. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Seabury, EH (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID USA. EM Seabury@ini.gov RI Caffrey, Augustine/C-2005-2009 NR 3 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 839 EP 844 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.235 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100201 ER PT J AU Chichester, DL Blackburn, BW AF Chichester, D. L. Blackburn, B. W. TI Radiation fields from neutron generators shielded with different materials SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE neutron generator; neutron shielding; health physics AB As a general guide for assessing radiological conditions around a DT neutron generator numerical modeling has been performed to assess neutron and photon dose profiles for a variety of shield materials ranging from I to 100 cm thick. In agreement with accepted radiation safety practices high-Z materials such as bismuth and lead have been found to be ineffective biological shield materials, owing in part to the existence of (n,2n) reaction channels available with 14.1 MeV DT neutrons, while low-Z materials serve as effective shields for these sources. Composite materials such as a mixture of polyethylene and bismuth, or regular concrete, are ideal shield materials for neutron generator radiation because of their ability to attenuate internally generated photon radiation resulting from neutron scattering and capture within the shields themselves. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM David.Chichester@INL.gov NR 10 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 845 EP 849 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.222 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100202 ER PT J AU Rau, C Crecea, V Liu, W Richter, CP Peterson, KM Jemian, PR Neuhusler, U Schneider, G Yu, X Braun, PV Chiang, TC Robinson, IK AF Rau, C. Crecea, V. Liu, W. Richter, C.-P. Peterson, K. M. Jemian, P. R. Neuhaeusler, U. Schneider, G. Yu, X. Braun, P. V. Chiang, T.-C. Robinson, I. K. TI Synchrotron-based imaging and tomography with hard X-rays SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE in-line phase contrast; hard x-ray microscopy; cone-beam imaging; tomography; synchrotron radiation AB Hard X-ray imaging with synchrotron radiation is a powerful tool to study opaque materials on the micro- and nano-lengthscales. Different imaging methods are available with an instrument recently built at Sector 34 of the Advanced Photon Source. In-line phase contrast imaging is performed with micrometer resolution. Increased spatial resolution is achieved using cone-beam geometry. The almost parallel beam is focused with a Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror system. The focal spot serves as a diverging secondary source. An X-ray magnified image of the sample is projected on the detector. For imaging and tomography with sub-100 nm resolution, an X-ray full-field microscope has been built. It uses a Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror (KB) as a condenser optic, followed by a micro-Fresnel zone plate (FZP) as an objective lens. The zone plates presently provide 50-85 nm spatial resolution when operating the microscope with photon energy between 6 and 12 keV. Tomography experiments have been performed with this new device. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. BESSY, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. RP Rau, C (reprint author), Diamond Light Source Ltd, Didcot OX 11 0DE, Oxon, England. EM christoph.rau@diamond.ac.uk RI Chiang, Tai/H-5528-2011 NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X EI 1872-9584 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 850 EP 854 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.053 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100203 ER PT J AU Flege, JI Vescovo, E Nintzel, G Lewis, LH Hulbert, S Sutter, P AF Flege, J. I. Vescovo, E. Nintzel, G. Lewis, L. H. Hulbert, S. Sutter, P. TI A new soft x-ray photoemission microscopy beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE low-energy electron microscopy; photoemission electron microscopy; Synchrotron radiation ID LEEM AB We report the present status of a newly installed low-energy electron microscopy and photoelectron microscopy end station at beamline U5UA at the National Synchrotron Light Source. In first test experiments on sub-monolayer Au coverages deposited on Ru(0001) we demonstrate core-level and valence band photoelectron imaging with a lateral resolution of about 65 nm at a field of view of 10 Pin. In contrast to other installations for photoelectron microscopy, the new NSLS end station uses illumination under normal incidence. The implications of this geometry for different applications are discussed. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Flege, JI (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jiflege@bnl.gov RI Flege, Jan Ingo/J-6354-2012 OI Flege, Jan Ingo/0000-0002-8346-6863 NR 7 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 855 EP 858 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.095 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100204 ER PT J AU Tompsett, GA Panzarella, BA Conner, WC Bennett, S Jones, KW AF Tompsett, Geoffrey A. Panzarella, Bernard A. Conner, W. Curtis Bennett, Steven Jones, Keith W. TI In situ SAXS and WAXS of zeolite microwave synthesis SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE synchrotron radiation; catalysis; zeolite synthesis; microwave; x-ray scattering ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; SMALL-ANGLE; PRECURSORS; CRYSTALLIZATION; GROWTH; GELS AB In situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) studies were carried out during microwave and conventional synthesis of zeolites using a custom waveguide reactor. In situ SAXS studies showed that the crystallization of NaY zeolite was preceded by a reorganization of nano-sized particles in their precursor solutions or gets. In situ WAXS was used to observe the rate of formation of crystalline zeolite products. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem Engn, Goessmann Lab159, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tompsett, GA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem Engn, Goessmann Lab159, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM tompsett@ecs.umass.edu NR 15 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 863 EP 866 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.224 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100206 ER PT J AU Chemerisov, SD Jonah, CD Chen, H Jean, YC Schrader, DM Hunt, AW AF Chemerisov, Sergey D. Jonah, Charles D. Chen, Hongmin Jean, Yanching C. Schrader, David M. Hunt, Alan W. TI Positron yield as a function of energy at APosS - The argonne positron source SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE slow positron production; Positron yield AB The development of the Argonne Positron Source (APosS) at the Argonne National Laboratory low-energy electron linac is discussed. We describe the measurement of the yield of slow positrons as a function of electron-beam energy and compare these results with theoretical calculations. Those results were used to establish the optimal regime for positron production. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. Marquette Univ, Dept Chem, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA. Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. RP Chemerisov, SD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM chemerisov@anl.gov NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 904 EP 907 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.010 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100216 ER PT J AU Norman, DR Jones, JL Blackburn, BW Fisher, A Watson, SM Haskell, KJ Hunt, AW Balzer, M AF Norman, Daren R. Jones, James L. Blackburn, Brandon W. Fisher, Allen Watson, Scott M. Haskell, Kevin J. Hunt, Alan W. Balzer, Mark TI Radiation safety aspects for pulsed photonuclear assessment techniques in outdoor operations SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE radiation safety regulations; electron linac; numerical models; dosimetry ID RADIOACTIVITY; INDUCTION AB As many pulsed photonuclear assessment (PPA) technologies are being developed for contraband detection within cargo container configurations, the radiation safe operation of linacs for outdoor operations needs to be addressed. Idaho National Laboratory along with the Idaho Accelerator Center are conducting field operations with high energy linacs in open outdoor configurations. The relevant information pertaining to the radiation regulations and dosimetry studies for these configurations will be presented for a prototypical 10 MeV PPA nuclear material detection system. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. RP Norman, DR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Daren.Norman@inl.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 913 EP 917 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.297 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100218 ER PT J AU Gunsing, F Abbondanno, U Aerts, G Alvarez, H Alvarez-Velarde, F Andriamonje, S Andrzejewski, J Assimakopoulos, P Audouin, L Badurek, G Baumann, P Becvar, F Berthoumieux, E Calvino, F Cano-Ott, D Capote, R de Albornoz, AC Cennini, P Chepel, V Chiaveri, E Colonna, N Cortes, G Couture, A Cox, J Dahlfors, M David, S Dillman, I Dolfini, R Domingo-Pardo, C Dridi, W Duran, I Eleftheriadis, C Ferrant, L Ferrari, A Ferreira-Marques, R Frais-Koelbl, H Fujii, K Furman, W Goncalves, I Gonzalez-Romero, E Goverdovski, A Gramegna, F Griesmayer, E Guerrero, C Haas, B Haight, R Heil, M Herrera-Martinez, A Igashira, M Isaev, S Jericha, E Kappeler, F Kadi, Y Karadimos, D Karamanis, D Kerveno, M Ketlerov, V Koehler, P Konovalov, V Kossionides, E Krticka, M Lampoudis, C Leeb, H Lindote, A Lopes, I Lozano, M Lukic, S Marganiec, J Marques, L Marrone, S Martinez, T Massimi, C Mastinu, P Mengoni, A Milazzo, PM Moreau, C Mosconi, M Neves, F Oberhummer, H O'Brien, S Oshima, M Pancin, J Papachristodoulou, C Papadopoulos, C Paradela, C Patronis, N Pavlik, A Pavlopoulos, P Perrot, L Pigni, MT Plag, R Plompen, A Plukis, A Poch, A Pretel, C Quesada, J Rauscher, T Reifarth, R Rosetti, M Rubbia, C Rudolf, G Rullhusen, P Salgado, J Sarchiapone, L Savvidis, I Stephan, C Tagliente, G Tain, JL Tassan-Got, L Tavora, L Terlizzi, R Vannini, G Vaz, P Ventura, A Villamarin, D Vincente, MC Vlachoudis, V Vlastou, R Voss, F Walter, S Wendler, H Wiescher, M Wisshak, K AF Gunsing, F. Abbondanno, U. Aerts, G. Alvarez, H. Alvarez-Velarde, F. Andriamonje, S. Andrzejewski, J. Assimakopoulos, P. Audouin, L. Badurek, G. Baumann, P. Becvar, F. Berthoumieux, E. Calvino, F. Cano-Ott, D. Capote, R. de Albornoz, A. Carrillo Cennini, P. Chepel, V. Chiaveri, E. Colonna, N. Cortes, G. Couture, A. Cox, J. Dahlfors, M. David, S. Dillman, I. Dolfini, R. Domingo-Pardo, C. Dridi, W. Duran, I. Eleftheriadis, C. Ferrant, L. Ferrari, A. Ferreira-Marques, R. Frais-Koelbl, H. Fujii, K. Furman, W. Goncalves, I. Gonzalez-Romero, E. Goverdovski, A. Gramegna, F. Griesmayer, E. Guerrero, C. Haas, B. Haight, R. Heil, M. Herrera-Martinez, A. Igashira, M. Isaev, S. Jericha, E. Kaeppeler, F. Kadi, Y. Karadimos, D. Karamanis, D. Kerveno, M. Ketlerov, V. Koehler, P. Konovalov, V. Kossionides, E. Krticka, M. Lampoudis, C. Leeb, H. Lindote, A. Lopes, I. Lozano, M. Lukic, S. Marganiec, J. Marques, L. Marrone, S. Martinez, T. Massimi, C. Mastinu, P. Mengoni, A. Milazzo, P. M. Moreau, C. Mosconi, M. Neves, F. Oberhummer, H. O'Brien, S. Oshima, M. Pancin, J. Papachristodoulou, C. Papadopoulos, C. Paradela, C. Patronis, N. Pavlik, A. Pavlopoulos, P. Perrot, L. Pigni, M. T. Plag, R. Plompen, A. Plukis, A. Poch, A. Pretel, C. Quesada, J. Rauscher, T. Reifarth, R. Rosetti, M. Rubbia, C. Rudolf, G. Rullhusen, P. Salgado, J. Sarchiapone, L. Savvidis, I. Stephan, C. Tagliente, G. Tain, J. L. Tassan-Got, L. Tavora, L. Terlizzi, R. Vannini, G. Vaz, P. Ventura, A. Villamarin, D. Vincente, M. C. Vlachoudis, V. Vlastou, R. Voss, F. Walter, S. Wendler, H. Wiescher, M. Wisshak, K. CA n TOF Collaboration TI Status and outlook of the neutron time-of-flight facility SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE neutrons; time-of-flight; CERN; spallation; n_TOF ID N-TOF; CERN; DETECTOR; ELEMENTS; CAPTURE; BEAM AB The neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN, fully operational since 2002, combines a high instantaneous neutron flux with high energy resolution. The wide energy range and the high neutron flux per time-of-flight burst result in a much enhanced signal to background ratio for neutron capture of radioactive isotopes and makes this facility well suited for the measurement of high quality neutron-induced reaction cross-sections. Neutrons are created by spallation reactions induced by a pulsed 20 GeV/c proton beam impinging on a lead target. A 5 cm water slab surrounding the lead target serves as a coolant and at the same time as a moderator of the spallation neutron spectrum, providing a wide energy spectrum from 0.1 eV to about 250 MeV. By the end of 2005, a first phase of data taking has been successfully terminated. Fission and capture experiments have been performed on a variety of isotopes of interest for nuclear astrophysics, advanced nuclear technologies and for basic nuclear physics. The instrumentation developed for this facility consists of parallel plate avalanche counter and fission ionization chamber detectors for the fission experiments and of low mass C6D6 detectors and a 4 pi BaF2 total absorption calorimeter for capture experiments. A new data acquisition system, based on sampling of the detector signals, has been developed to cope with the high count rates and to minimize the effective dead time to only a few tens of nanosecond. A second phase of data taking is planned to start in 2007, after an upgrade of the spallation target. On the longer term, the construction of a flight path at 20 in resulting in an increased neutron flux of about a factor of 100 opens new possibilities. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CEA Saclay, DSM DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Inst Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. Univ Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Technol, Madrid, Spain. Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. IPN, CNRS, IN2P3, Orsay, France. CNRS, IN2P3 IReS, Strasbourg, France. Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ Politecn Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. IAEA, Nucl Data Sect, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. Univ Seville, Seville, Spain. Inst Tecnol & Nucl, Lisbon, Portugal. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Coimbra, LIP, P-3000 Coimbra, Portugal. Univ Coimbra, Dept Fis, P-3000 Coimbra, Portugal. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Politecn Cataluna, Barcelona, Spain. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Inst Kernphys, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular, CSIC, E-46003 Valencia, Spain. Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Inst Phys & Power Engn, Obninsk, Russia. Lab Nazl Legnaro, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Legnaro, Italy. CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, Bordeaux, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo 152, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NCSR Demokritos, Athens, Greece. Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Sez INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 31911, Japan. Natl Tech Univ Athens, GR-10682 Athens, Greece. Univ Vienna, Inst Isotopeforschung & Kernphys, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. Pole Univ Leonard de Vinci, Paris, France. CEC JRC IRMM, Geel, Belgium. Univ Basel, Dept Phys & Astron, Basel, Switzerland. ENEA, Bologna, Italy. RP Gunsing, F (reprint author), CEA Saclay, DSM DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM gunsing@cea.fr RI Mengoni, Alberto/I-1497-2012; Guerrero, Carlos/L-3251-2014; Gonzalez Romero, Enrique/L-7561-2014; Pretel Sanchez, Carme/L-8287-2014; Martinez, Trinitario/K-6785-2014; Capote Noy, Roberto/M-1245-2014; Massimi, Cristian/B-2401-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Alvarez Pol, Hector/F-1930-2011; Massimi, Cristian/K-2008-2015; Paradela, Carlos/J-1492-2012; Gramegna, Fabiana/B-1377-2012; Calvino, Francisco/K-5743-2014; Vaz, Pedro/K-2464-2013; Lopes, Isabel/A-1806-2014; Patronis, Nikolaos/A-3836-2008; Rauscher, Thomas/D-2086-2009; Cortes, Guillem/B-6869-2014; Tain, Jose L./K-2492-2014; Cano Ott, Daniel/K-4945-2014; Quesada Molina, Jose Manuel/K-5267-2014; Jericha, Erwin/A-4094-2011; Ventura, Alberto/B-9584-2011; Lindote, Alexandre/H-4437-2013; Neves, Francisco/H-4744-2013; OI Marques, Rui/0000-0003-3549-8198; Mengoni, Alberto/0000-0002-2537-0038; Pavlik, Andreas/0000-0001-7526-3372; Goncalves, Isabel/0000-0002-1997-955X; Paradela Dobarro, Carlos/0000-0003-0175-8334; Chepel, Vitaly/0000-0003-0675-4586; Guerrero, Carlos/0000-0002-2111-546X; Gonzalez Romero, Enrique/0000-0003-2376-8920; Martinez, Trinitario/0000-0002-0683-5506; Capote Noy, Roberto/0000-0002-1799-3438; Massimi, Cristian/0000-0001-9792-3722; Alvarez Pol, Hector/0000-0001-9643-6252; Massimi, Cristian/0000-0003-2499-5586; Gramegna, Fabiana/0000-0001-6112-0602; Calvino, Francisco/0000-0002-7198-4639; Vaz, Pedro/0000-0002-7186-2359; Lopes, Isabel/0000-0003-0419-903X; Rauscher, Thomas/0000-0002-1266-0642; Cano Ott, Daniel/0000-0002-9568-7508; Quesada Molina, Jose Manuel/0000-0002-2038-2814; Jericha, Erwin/0000-0002-8663-0526; Ventura, Alberto/0000-0001-6748-7931; Lindote, Alexandre/0000-0002-7965-807X; Neves, Francisco/0000-0003-3635-1083; Lozano Leyva, Manuel Luis/0000-0003-2853-4103; Koehler, Paul/0000-0002-6717-0771; Domingo-Pardo, Cesar/0000-0002-2915-5466 NR 30 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X EI 1872-9584 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 925 EP 929 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.096 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100221 ER PT J AU Agvaanluvsan, U Becker, JA Macri, RA Parker, W Wilk, P Wu, CY Bredeweg, TA Esch, E Haight, RC O'Donnell, JM Reifarth, R Rundberg, RS Schwantes, JM Ullmann, JL Vielra, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wouters, JM Mitchell, GE Sheets, S Becvar, F Krticka, M AF Agvaanluvsan, U. Becker, J. A. Macri, R. A. Parker, W. Wilk, P. Wu, C. Y. Bredeweg, T. A. Esch, E. Haight, R. C. O'Donnell, J. M. Reifarth, R. Rundberg, R. S. Schwantes, J. M. Ullmann, J. L. Vielra, D. J. Wilhelmy, J. B. Wouters, J. M. Mitchell, G. E. Sheets, S. Becvar, F. Krticka, M. TI Progress on the europium neutron capture study using DANCE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE neutron capture; neutron resonances; statistical ID CROSS-SECTIONS; DETECTOR; EU-153 AB The accurate measurement of neutron capture cross sections of the Eu isotopes is important for many reasons including nuclear astrophysics and nuclear diagnostics. Neutron capture excitation functions of Eu-151.153 targets were measured recently using a 4 pi gamma-ray calorimeter array DANCE located at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center for E-n = 0.1-100 keV. The progress on the data analysis efforts is given in the present paper. The gamma-ray multiplicity distributions for the Eu targets and Be backing are significantly different. The gamma-ray multiplicity distribution is found to be the same for different neutron energies for both Eu-153 and Eu-153. The statistical simulation to model the gamma-ray decay cascade is summarized. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Charles Univ Prague, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. RP Agvaanluvsan, U (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 700 E Ave,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM agvaanluvsanl@llnl.gov RI Schwantes, Jon/A-7318-2009; Wilk, Philip/B-5954-2008; OI Esch, Ernst/0000-0002-5179-0415 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 934 EP 937 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.107 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100223 ER PT J AU Cizewski, JA Hatarik, R Jones, KL Pain, SD Thomas, JS Johnson, MS Bardayan, DW Blackmon, JC Smith, MS Kozub, RL AF Cizewski, J. A. Hatarik, R. Jones, K. L. Pain, S. D. Thomas, J. S. Johnson, M. S. Bardayan, D. W. Blackmon, J. C. Smith, M. S. Kozub, R. L. TI (d,p gamma) Reactions and the surrogate reaction technique SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE radioactive ion beams; neutron-rich nuclei; direct neutron transfer reactions; neutron-capture reactions ID CROSS-SECTIONS; ISOTOPES AB Neutron-capture reactions on neutron-rich nuclei are important to understand r-process nucleosynthesis, as well as applied needs such as stewardship science and nuclear energy. Because of the short half-lives of these species, it is not possible to measure these reactions directly with neutron beams on unstable targets. The (d,p gamma) reaction with radioactive ion beams has been proposed as a surrogate reaction for (n,gamma). Experiments to develop (d,p gamma) techniques with radioactive ion beams and to demonstrate the efficacy of the (d,p gamma) reaction as a surrogate for (n,gamma) are discussed. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. RP Cizewski, JA (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. EM cizewski@physics.rutgers.edu RI Jones, Katherine/B-8487-2011; Pain, Steven/E-1188-2011 OI Jones, Katherine/0000-0001-7335-1379; Pain, Steven/0000-0003-3081-688X NR 12 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 938 EP 940 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.028 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100224 ER PT J AU Jewett, C Baktash, C Bardayan, D Blackmon, J Chipps, K Galindo-Uribarri, A Greife, U Gross, C Jones, K Liang, F Livesay, J Kozub, R Nesaraja, C Radford, D Sarazin, F Smith, MS Thomas, J Yu, CH AF Jewett, C. Baktash, C. Bardayan, D. Blackmon, J. Chipps, K. Galindo-Uribarri, A. Greife, U. Gross, C. Jones, K. Liang, F. Livesay, J. Kozub, R. Nesaraja, C. Radford, D. Sarazin, F. Smith, M. S. Thomas, J. Yu, C.-H. TI Excited states in Mg-22 via the C-12(12C 2n)Mg-22 reaction SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE excited states; astrophysically relevant AB The C-12(C-12,2n)Mg-22 reaction was measured with the CLARION array and the RMS separator at the Holifield Facility of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This experiment was performed to gather more information on the excited states in Mg-22, which might be of relevance to recent radioactive ion beam measurements of the astrophysically important Na-21(p,gamma)Mg-22 reaction. The results are compared to direct measurements, transfer experiments and a competing experiment performed with Gammasphere. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Greife, U (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM ugreife@mines.edu RI Jones, Katherine/B-8487-2011; radford, David/A-3928-2015; OI Jones, Katherine/0000-0001-7335-1379; Nesaraja, Caroline/0000-0001-5571-8341; Chipps, Kelly/0000-0003-3050-1298 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 945 EP 947 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.022 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100226 ER PT J AU Dashdorj, D Mitchell, GE Kawano, T Becker, JA Agvaanluvsan, U Chadwick, MB Cooper, JR Devlin, M Fotiades, N Garrett, PE Nelson, RO Wu, CY Younes, W AF Dashdorj, D. Mitchell, G. E. Kawano, T. Becker, J. A. Agvaanluvsan, U. Chadwick, M. B. Cooper, J. R. Devlin, M. Fotiades, N. Garrett, P. E. Nelson, R. O. Wu, C. Y. Younes, W. TI Neutron induced inelastic cross-sections of Sm-150 for E-n=1-35 MeV SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE gamma-ray production cross-section; pre-equilibrium reaction; GEANIE; feshbach-kerman-koonin; sm-150 ID MULTISTEP COMPOUND; STATISTICAL-THEORY AB Cross-section measurements were made of prompt gamma-ray production as a function of incident neutron energy (En = 1-35 MeV) on an enriched (95.6%) Sm-150 sample. Energetic neutrons were delivered by the Los Alamos National Laboratory spallation neutron source located at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) facility. The prompt-reaction gamma-rays were detected with the large-scale Compton-suppressed germanium array for neutron induced excitations (GEANIE). Neutron energies were determined by the time-of-flight technique. The gamma-ray excitation functions were converted to partial gamma-ray cross-sections taking into account the dead-time correction, target thickness, detector efficiency and neutron flux (monitored with an in-line fission chamber). Partial gamma-ray cross-sections were predicted using the Hauser-Feshbach statistical reaction code GNASH. Above E-n similar to 8 MeV, the pre-equilibrium reaction process dominates the inelastic reaction. The spin-distribution transferred in pre-equilibrium neutron induced reactions was calculated using the quantum mechanical theory of Feshbach, Kerman and Koonin (FKK). These pre-equilibrium spin distributions were incorporated into a new version of GNASH and the gamma-ray production cross-sections were calculated and compared with experimental data. The difference in the partial gamma-ray cross-sections using spin-distributions with and without pre-equilibrium effects is discussed. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dashdorj, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM dashdorj1@llnl.gov RI Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 948 EP 952 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.161 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100227 ER PT J AU Danon, Y Romano, C Thompson, J Watson, T Haight, RC Wender, SA Vieira, DJ Bond, E WilhelMy, JB O'Donnell, JM Michaudon, A Bredeweg, TA Schurman, T Rochman, D Granier, T Ethvignot, T Taieb, J Becker, JA AF Danon, Y. Romano, C. Thompson, J. Watson, T. Haight, R. C. Wender, S. A. Vieira, D. J. Bond, E. WilhelMy, J. B. O'Donnell, J. M. Michaudon, A. Bredeweg, T. A. Schurman, T. Rochman, D. Granier, T. Ethvignot, T. Taieb, J. Becker, J. A. TI Measurements with the high flux lead slowing-down spectrometer at LANL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE lead-slowing-down spectrometer; lithium; alpha; cross section; neutron reactions ID NEUTRON-INDUCED FISSION; CROSS-SECTION AB A Lead Slowing-Down Spectrometer (LSDS) was recently installed at LANL [D. Rochman, R.C. Haight, J.M. O'Donnell, A. Michaudon, S.A. Wender, D.J. Vieira, E.M. Bond, T.A. Bredeweg, A. Kronenberg, J.B. Wilhelmy, T. Ethvignot, T. Granier, M. Petit, Y. Danon, Characteristics of a lead slowing-down spectrometer coupled to the LANSCE accelerator, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 550 (2005) 397]. The LSDS is comprised of a cube of pure lead 1.2 m on the side, with a spallation pulsed neutron source in its center. The LSDS is driven by 800 MeV protons with a time-averaged current of up to 1 mu A, pulse widths of 0.05-0.25 mu s and a repetition rate of 20-40 Hz. Spallation neutrons are created by directing the proton beam into an air-cooled tungsten target in the center of the lead cube. The neutrons slow down by scattering interactions with the lead and thus enable measurements of neutron-induced reaction rates as a function of the slowing-down time, which correlates to neutron energy. The advantage of an LSDS as a neutron spectrometer is that the neutron flux is 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than a standard time-of-flight experiment at the equivalent flight path, 5.6 m. The effective energy range is 0.1 eV to 100 keV with a typical energy resolution of 30% from 1 eV to 10 keV The average neutron flux between 1 and 10 keV is about 1.7 x 10(9) n/cm(2)/s/mu A. This high flux makes the LSDS an important tool for neutron-induced cross section measurements of ultra-small samples (nanograms) or of samples with very low cross sections. The LSDS at LANL was initially built in order to measure the fission cross section of the short-lived metastable isotope of U-235, however it can also be used to measure (n,alpha) and (n,p) reactions. Fission cross section measurements were made with samples of U-235, U-236, U-238 and Pu-239. The smallest sample measured was 10 ng of Pu-239. Measurement of (n,alpha) cross section with 760 ng of Li-6 was also demonstrated. Possible future cross section measurements include fission and (n,p) and (n,alpha) reaction in radioactive samples. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NNDC, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CEA, DAM, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Danon, Y (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM danony@rpi.edu RI Danon, Yaron/B-5159-2009; OI Rochman, Dimitri/0000-0002-5089-7034; Wender, Stephen/0000-0002-2446-5115; Bond, Evelyn/0000-0001-7335-4086 NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 953 EP 955 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.013 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100228 ER PT J AU Pardo, RC Savard, G Baker, S Davids, C Moore, EF Vondrasek, R Zinkann, G AF Pardo, Richard C. Savard, Guy Baker, Sam Davids, Cary Moore, E. Frank Vondrasek, Rick Zinkann, Gary TI Radioactive beams from Cf-252 fission using a gas catcher and an ECR charge breeder at ATLAS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE radioactive beams; gas catcher; charge breeder; isobar separator; neutron-rich isotopes; fission fragments AB The Californium Rare Ion Breeder 'Upgrade (CARIBU) for the ATLAS facility is under construction. The facility will use Cf-252 fis- sion fragments thermalized and collected into a low-energy particle beam by a helium gas catcher. In order to reaccelerate these beams an existing ATLAS ECR ion source is being reconfigured as a charge breeder source. A lCi Cf-252 source will provide sufficient yield to deliver beams of Up to similar to 10(6) far-from-stability ions per second on target. The facility design, expected performance and the project status will be presented in this paper. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Pardo, RC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM pardo@phy.anl.gov NR 10 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 965 EP 968 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.132 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100231 ER PT J AU Bleuel, DL McMahan, MA Ahle, L Barquest, BR Cerny, J Heilbronn, LH Jewett, CC AF Bleuel, D. L. McMahan, M. A. Ahle, L. Barquest, B. R. Cerny, J. Heilbronn, L. H. Jewett, C. C. TI Characterization of a tunable quasi-monoenergetic neutron beam from deuteron breakup SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE deuteron breakup; neutron; thin target ID COULOMB DISSOCIATION; HEAVY NUCLEI AB A neutron irradiation facility is being developed at the 88-inch cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for the purposes of measuring neutron reaction cross sections on radioactive targets and for radiation effects testing. Applications are of benefit to stockpile stewardship, nuclear astrophysics, next generation advanced fuel reactors and cosmic radiation biology and electronics in space. The facility will supply a tunable, quasi-monoenergetic neutron beam in the range of 10-30 MeV or a white neutron source, produced by. deuteron breakup reactions on thin and thick targets, respectively. Because the deuteron breakup reaction has not been well studied at intermediate incident deuteron energies, above the target Coulomb barrier and below 56 MeV, a detailed characterization was necessary of the neutron spectra produced by thin targets. Neutron time-of-flight (TOF) methods have been used to measure the neutron spectra produced on thin targets of low-Z (titanium) and high-Z (tantalum) materials at incident deuteron energies of 20 MeV and 29 MeV at 0 degrees. Breakup neutrons at both energies from low-Z targets appear to peak at roughly half of the available kinetic energy, while neutrons from high-Z interactions peak somewhat lower in energy, owing to the increased proton energy due to breakup within the Coulomb field. Furthermore, neutron spectra appear narrower for high-Z targets. These centroids are consistent with recent preliminary proton energy measurements using silicon telescope detectors conducted at LBNL, though there is a notable discrepancy with spectral widths. Prospects for producing a tunable, quasi-monoenergetic neutron facility of 10(6)-10(8) n/cm(2)/s at LBNL are promising. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bleuel, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dibleuel@lbl.gov RI Heilbronn, Lawrence/J-6998-2013 OI Heilbronn, Lawrence/0000-0002-8226-1057 NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 974 EP 979 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.125 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100233 ER PT J AU Covo, MK Molvik, AW Friedman, A Cohen, R Vay, JL Bieniosek, F Baca, D Seidl, PA Logan, G Vujic, JL AF Covo, Michel Kireeff Molvik, Arthur W. Friedman, Alex Cohen, Ronald Vay, Jean-Luc Bieniosek, Frank Baca, David Seidl, Peter A. Logan, Grant Vujic, Jasmina L. TI Electron cloud measurements in heavy-ion driver for HEDP and inertial fusion energy SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE electron cloud; diagnostics; retarding field analyzer; heavy-ion beam; high-current accelerator; inertial fusion ID BEAMS AB The high-current experiment (HCX) at LBNL is a driver scale single beam injector that provides a 1 MeV K+ ion beam current of 0.18 A for 5 mu s. It transports high-current beams with large fill factor (ratio of the maximum beam envelope radius to the beam pipe radius) and low emittance growth that are required to keep the cost of the power plant competitive and to satisfy the target requirements of focusing ion beams to high-power density. Beam interaction with the background gas and walls desorbs electrons that can multiply and accumulate, creating an electron cloud. This ubiquitous effect grows at higher fill factors and degrades the quality of the beam. We review simulations and diagnostics tools used to measure electron production, accumulation and its properties. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Heavy Fus Sci Virtual Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Heavy Fus Sci Virtual Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Covo, MK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Heavy Fus Sci Virtual Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kireeffcovo1@llnl.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 980 EP 985 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.278 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100234 ER PT J AU Bredeweg, TA Fowler, MM Becker, JA Bond, EM Chadwick, MB Clement, RRC Esch, E Ethvignot, T Granier, T Jandel, M Macri, RA O'Donnell, JM Relfarth, R Rundberg, RS Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wouters, JM Wu, CY AF Bredeweg, T. A. Fowler, M. M. Becker, J. A. Bond, E. M. Chadwick, M. B. Clement, R. R. C. Esch, Ea. Ethvignot, T. Granier, T. Jandel, M. Macri, R. A. O'Donnell, J. M. Relfarth, R. Rundberg, R. S. Ullmann, J. L. Vieira, D. J. Wilhelmy, J. B. Wouters, J. M. Wu, C. Y. TI Simultaneous measurement of (n,gamma) and (n, fission) cross sections with the DANCE 4 pi BaF2 array SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE neutron capture; neutron-induced fission; gamma-ray calorimeter ID LUJAN-CENTER AB We have recently begun a program of high precision measurements of the key production and destruction reactions of important radiochemical diagnostic isotopes, including several isotopes of uranium, plutonium and americium. The detector for advanced neutron capture experiments (DANCE), a 4 pi BaF2 array located at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, will be used to measure the neutron capture cross sections for most of the isotopes of interest. However, neutron capture measurements on many of the actinides are complicated by the presence of prompt gamma-rays arising from low energy neutron-induced fission, which competes with neutron capture to varying degrees. Previous measurements of U-235 Using the DANCE array have shown that we can partially resolve capture from fission events based on total gamma-ray calorimetry (i.e. total gamma-ray energy versus gamma-ray multiplicity). The addition of a dedicated fission-tagging detector to the DANCE array has greatly improved our ability to separate these two competing processes. In addition to higher quality neutron capture data, the addition of a fission-tagging detector offers a means to determine the capture-to-fission ratio (sigma(gamma)/sigma(f)) in a single measurement, which should reduce the effect of systematic uncertainties. We are currently using a dual parallel-plate avalanche counter (PPAC) with the target material electro-deposited directly on the center cathode foil. This design provides a high efficiency for detecting fission fragments and allows loading of pre-assembled target/detector assemblies into the neutron beam line at DANCE. Results from tests of the fission-tag detector, as well as preliminary results from measurements on U-235 and Cf-252 that utilized the fission-tag detector will be presented. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. CEA DAM, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. RP Bredeweg, TA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM toddb@lanl.gov OI Esch, Ernst/0000-0002-5179-0415; Bond, Evelyn/0000-0001-7335-4086 NR 4 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 986 EP 989 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.226 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100235 ER PT J AU Souliotis, GA Botvina, AS Shetty, DV Keksis, AL Jandel, M Veselsky, M Yennello, SJ AF Souliotis, G. A. Botvina, A. S. Shetty, D. V. Keksis, A. L. Jandel, M. Veselsky, M. Yennello, S. J. TI Properties of hot nuclear fragments formed in multifragmentation and their astrophysical implications SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE symmetry energy; hot nuclei; multifragmentation; supernova nucleosynthesis ID PHASE-TRANSITION; NEUTRON-STARS; PHYSICS; ISOSPIN; MATTER; ENERGY AB The process of nuclear multifragmentation leads to thermodynamic conditions akin to those encountered in the collapse/explosion of massive stars. Thus, the knowledge obtained from studying multifragmentation may be applied to describe matter distribution in supernova. Along these lines, the present study focuses on the symmetry energy of hot fragments produced in the multifragmentation of neutron-rich systems following collisions near the Fermi energy. The experiments consist of high-resolution mass spectrometric measurements of the isotopic and velocity distributions of heavy projectile fragments. The data were systematically compared to calculations with the Statistical Multifragmentation Model (SMM). The study indicates a gradual decrease of the symmetry energy coefficient from the standard value of similar to 25 MeV in the compound nucleus regime (E*/A < 2 MeV) towards similar to 15 MeV in the bulk multifragmentation regime (E*/A > 4 MeV). The isotopic distributions of the hot fragments are very wide and extend towards or beyond the neutron drip-line. These findings may have important implications to the composition and evolution of hot astrophysical environments, such as core-collapse supernova and the course of the ensuing nucleosynthesis processes, such as the r-process. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, RU-117312 Moscow, Russia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, C INC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Bratislava, Slovakia. EM soulioti@comp.tamu.edu RI Yennello, Sherry/B-5803-2015 OI Yennello, Sherry/0000-0003-3963-5217 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X EI 1872-9584 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 996 EP 999 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.185 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100238 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Campisi, IE Henderson, SD AF Zhang, Y. Campisi, I. E. Henderson, S. D. CA Commissioning Team TI The commissioning of the SNS superconducting linac SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE superconducting linac; lorentz force detuning; beam dynamics AB The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) superconducting linac has been commissioned in 2005 with an output beam energy tuned up to 950 MeV and a peak beam current of approximately 40 mA. Some of the most important contributions to the successful beam commissioning of the world's first pulsed proton SC linac are discussed in this paper, including cryomodule commissioning, numerical modeling for beam acceleration and transport in the accelerator, as well as the development of superconducting linac tune-up algorithms. Beam commissioning results and some beam dynamics studies of the SNS linac are also briefly described. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Res Accelerator Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Res Accelerator Div, POB 2008,MS 6461, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM zhangyn@ornl.gov NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1036 EP 1039 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.170 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100247 ER PT J AU Tarvainen, O Kawai, Y Alton, GD Suorninen, P Koivisto, H AF Tarvainen, O. Kawai, Y. Alton, G. D. Suorninen, P. Koivisto, H. TI Electron heating with broadband microwave radiation: A new method for improving the performances of conventional B-minimum electron cyclotron resonance ion sources SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE ECR ion source; broadband microwave radiation AB The charge-state enhancing effects of broadband microwave radiation are demonstrated by comparing the charge-state distributions and intensities of Arq+ ion beams, extracted from a conventional B-minimum geometry, 6.4 GHz ECR ion source, when operated with traveling-wave-tube (TWT) amplified microwave signals generated, respectively, from a "white" noise generator (WNG, bandwidth: 200 MHz) and a conventional narrow-bandwidth local oscillator (LO, bandwidth: similar to 1.5 MHz). Clear enhancement (factors > 2) is obtained for high-charge-state Ar ion beam intensities, produced with broadband radiation, over those obtained with narrow-bandwidth radiation at the same power level. The high-charge-states (q > 9) exhibit an anomalous, abrupt increase in intensity at an optimum pressure while the total X-ray count and plasma potential suddenly dip at approximately the same pressure, seemingly in correlation. These effects are not understood in terms of rf adsorption or principal charge-state limiting atomic physics phenomena. Future experiments are proposed for evaluating the full potential of the broadband heating method enhancing the high-charge-state ion beam capabilities of conventional minimum-B ECR ion sources. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. AccSys Technol, Pleasanton, CA 94566 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Jyvaskyla JYFL, Dept Phys, FIN-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. RP Tarvainen, O (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS H817, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tarvainen@lani.gov NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1044 EP 1047 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.143 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100249 ER PT J AU Liu, MX AF Liu, Ming X. TI Overview of the latest d plus Au results from RHIC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE heavy ion collisions; parton distribution; nuclear medium effects ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION; QUARK AB The latest results of high PT particle production in the asymmetric d + Au collisions at RHIC is reviewed. We discuss the roles of the cold nuclear matter effects such as gluon shadowing and saturation, parton energy loss and coherent final states interactions on the light and heavy flavor particle productions in d + Au collisions at root S-NN =200 GeV. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Liu, MX (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, P-25, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mliu@lanl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1061 EP 1062 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.255 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100253 ER PT J AU Nouicer, R AF Nouicer, Rachid CA PHENIX Collaboration TI PHENIX upgrade: Novel stripixel detector for heavy quark detection and proton spin structure measurements at RHIC energies SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE PHENIX; silicon stripixel sensor; 2D position sensitivity; sensor tests; radiation damage ID COLLISIONS AB New design of silicon stripixel sensor has been developed at BNL for PHENIX upgrade. The sensor is a single-sided, DC-coupled, two-dimensional position sensitive device with good position resolution. This design is simpler for sensor fabrication and signal processing than the conventional double-sided strip sensor. HPK has produced pre-production stripixel sensors with thickness of 625 pm. The quality assurance tests show that the very low leakage current 0.12 nA per strip allows the use of the SVX4 chip. A long term stability test shows that the leakage current is stable over a long period of time. The study of the effects of irradiation on the performance of the stripixel sensor has been made using p+p collisions at 200 GeV at PHENIX, 14 MeV neutron and 20 MeV proton beams. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Nouicer, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rachid.nouicer@bnl.gov NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1067 EP 1071 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.265 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100255 ER PT J AU Kinney, ER Sichtermann, EP AF Kinney, Edward R. Sichtermann, Ernst P. TI A new high-energy electron-ion collider: High precision QCD structure and beyond SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE electron-hadron scattering; nucleon structure AB A new high-energy electron-ion collider is discussed which will allow unprecedented study of the quark and gluon structure of the proton as well as nuclei. Using polarized beams one will be able to explore the polarized quark and gluon distributions of the nucleon at the few percent level, especially the strange and light quark sea components. Collider kinematics and excellent detection capabilities will enable careful study of the process by which a fast colored quark materializes into a group of energetic hadrons without color. Collisions with heavy nuclei, never before achieved at high center-of-mass energies, will allow the study of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at extremes of gluon density. In addition to the physics program, the existing accelerator options under consideration are presented, as well as the current design of the interaction region spectrometer. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Colorado, Nucl Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Sichtermann, EP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM EPSichtennann@lbl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1072 EP 1074 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.123 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100256 ER PT J AU Escher, JE Dietrich, FS Forssen, C AF Escher, Jutta E. Dietrich, Frank S. Forssen, Christian TI Surrogate nuclear reaction methods for astrophysics SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE compound nucleus; cross section; indirect method; surrogate method; s-process ID FISSION CROSS-SECTIONS AB A brief outline of the Surrogate reaction method, an indirect approach for determining compound-nuclear reaction cross sections, is given. The assumptions introduced in the analysis of a typical Surrogate experiment are discussed and prospects for using the Surrogate method to obtain cross sections relevant to the astrophysical s-process are considered. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Escher, JE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-414, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM escher1@llnl.gov RI Forssen, Christian/C-6093-2008; Escher, Jutta/E-1965-2013 OI Forssen, Christian/0000-0003-3458-0480; NR 13 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X EI 1872-9584 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1075 EP 1078 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.223 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100257 ER PT J AU Pietri, S Regan, PH Podolyak, Z Rudolph, D Steer, S Garnsworthy, AB Werner-Malento, E Hoischen, R Gorska, M Gerl, J Wollersheim, HJ Kojouharov, I Schaffner, H Becker, F Bednarczyk, P Caceres, L Doornenbal, P Geissel, H Grebosz, J Kelic, A Kurz, N Montes, F Prokopowicz, W Saito, T Tashenov, S Heinz, A Pfutzner, M Kurtukian-Nieto, T Benzoni, G Hellstrom, M Jungclaus, A Simpson, J Andersson, LL Atanasova, L Balabanski, D Bentley, MA Blank, B Blazhev, A Brandau, C Brown, JR Bruce, AM Camera, F Catford, WN Cullen, IJ Dombradi, Z Estevez, E Fahlander, C Gelletly, W Ilie, G Johansson, EK Jolie, J Jones, GA Kmiecik, M Kondev, FG Lalkovski, S Liu, Z Maj, A Myalski, S Shizuma, T Simons, AJ Schwertel, S Walker, PM Wieland, O AF Pietri, S. Regan, P. H. Podolyak, Zs. Rudolph, D. Steer, S. Garnsworthy, A. B. Werner-Malento, E. Hoischen, R. Gorska, M. Gerl, J. Wollersheim, H. J. Kojouharov, I. Schaffner, H. Becker, F. Bednarczyk, P. Caceres, L. Doornenbal, P. Geissel, H. Grebosz, J. Kelic, A. Kurz, N. Montes, F. Prokopowicz, W. Saito, T. Tashenov, S. Heinz, A. Pfuetzner, M. Kurtukian-Nieto, T. Benzoni, G. Hellstrom, M. Jungclaus, A. Simpson, J. Andersson, L. -L. Atanasova, L. Balabanski, D. Bentley, M. A. Blank, B. Blazhev, A. Brandau, C. Brown, J. R. Bruce, A. M. Camera, F. Catford, W. N. Cullen, I. J. Dombradi, Zs. Estevez, E. Fahlander, C. Gelletly, W. Ilie, G. Johansson, E. K. Jolie, J. Jones, G. A. Kmiecik, M. Kondev, F. G. Lalkovski, S. Liu, Z. Maj, A. Myalski, S. Shizuma, T. Simons, A. J. Schwertel, S. Walker, P. M. Wieland, O. TI Recent results in fragmentation isomer spectroscopy with rising SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE gamma-ray spectroscopy; nuclear isomers; nuclear structure ID PROJECTILE FRAGMENTATION; ISOTOPES; STATES AB The first results from the stopped beam RISING experimental campaign performed at the GSI laboratory in Darmstadt, Germany, are presented. RISING (Rare Isotope Investigations at GSI) constitutes a major new experimental program in European nuclear structure physics research aimed at using relativistic energy (typically around I GeV per nucleon) projectile fragmentation reactions to populate nuclei with highly exotic proton-to-neutron ratios compared to the line of beta stability. In its high-efficiency 'stopped beam' configuration, the RISING gamma-ray spectrometer consists of 105 individual, large volume germanium crystals which view a focal plane in which the exotic nuclei are brought to rest (i.e. 'stopped'). Here, decays from metastable or 'isomeric' states with half-lives in the nano to milliseconds range can be observed, often providing the first spectroscopic information on these exotic nuclear species. This paper introduces the physics aims of the stopped RISING collaboration and presents some technical details on the RISING detector array. Results of initial commissioning experiments are also shown and details of the planned future experimental program are given. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Yale Univ, WNSL, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. GSI Darmstadt, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Jagiellonian Univ, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Univ Santiago de Compostela, E-15706 Santiago De Compostela, Spain. Univ Milan, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. CCLRC Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Univ Sofia, Fac Phys, BG-1164 Sofia, Bulgaria. Univ Camerino, Dipartimento Fis, I-62032 Camerino, Italy. Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO1 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. Univ Cologne, IKP, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. Univ Brighton, Sch Engn, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. Inst Nucl Res, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Energy Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Kyoto 6190215, Japan. Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-8046 Garching, Germany. RP Pietri, S (reprint author), Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. EM s.pietri@surrey.ac.uk RI Atanasova, Liliya/A-6506-2009; Gerl, Juergen/A-3255-2011; Wieland, Oliver/G-1784-2011; Dombradi, Zsolt/B-3743-2012; Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Kurtukian-Nieto, Teresa/J-1707-2014; Bruce, Alison/K-7663-2016; OI Kurtukian-Nieto, Teresa/0000-0002-0028-0220; Bruce, Alison/0000-0003-2871-0517; Camera, Franco/0000-0003-1731-4834; benzoni, giovanna/0000-0002-7938-0338 NR 12 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1079 EP 1083 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.219 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100258 ER PT J AU Garrett, PE Andreyev, A Austin, RAE Ball, GC Bandyopadhyay, D Becker, JA Boston, AJ Boston, HC Chakrawarthy, RS Churchman, R Cline, D Cooper, RJ Cross, D Dashdorj, D Demand, GA Dimmock, MR Drake, T Finlay, P Gagnon, K Gallant, AT Green, KL Grint, AN Grinyer, GF Hackman, G Harkness, LJ Hayes, AB Kanungo, R Kulp, WD Leach, KG Lee, G Leslie, JR Maharaj, R Martin, JP Mattoon, C Mills, WJ Morton, AC Nelson, L Newman, O Nolan, PJ Padilla-Rodal, E Pearson, CJ Phillips, AA Porter-Peden, M Ressler, JJ Ruiz, C Sarazin, F Schumaker, MA Scraggs, DP Strange, MD Subramanian, M Svensson, CE Waddington, JC Wan, J Whitbeck, A Williams, SJ Wood, JL Wong, JC Wu, CY Zganjar, EF AF Garrett, P. E. Andreyev, A. Austin, R. A. E. Ball, G. C. Bandyopadhyay, D. Becker, J. A. Boston, A. J. Boston, H. C. Chakrawarthy, R. S. Churchman, R. Cline, D. Cooper, R. J. Cross, D. Dashdorj, D. Demand, G. A. Dimmock, M. R. Drake, T. Finlay, P. Gagnon, K. Gallant, A. T. Green, K. L. Grint, A. N. Grinyer, G. F. Hackman, G. Harkness, L. J. Hayes, A. B. Kanungo, R. Kulp, W. D. Leach, K. G. Lee, G. Leslie, J. R. Maharaj, R. Martin, J.-P. Mattoon, C. Mills, W. J. Morton, A. C. Nelson, L. Newman, O. Nolan, P. J. Padilla-Rodal, E. Pearson, C. J. Phillips, A. A. Porter-Peden, M. Ressler, J. J. Ruiz, C. Sarazin, F. Schumaker, M. A. Scraggs, D. P. Strange, M. D. Subramanian, M. Svensson, C. E. Waddington, J. C. Wan, J. Whitbeck, A. Williams, S. J. Wood, J. L. Wong, J. C. Wu, C. Y. Zganjar, E. F. TI The TRIUMF nuclear structure program and TIGRESS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE nuclear structure; radioactive decay; gamma-ray spectrometers; conversion electron spectrometer; radioactive ion beams ID CLOVER DETECTOR; SHELL STRUCTURE AB The isotope separator and accelerator (ISAC) facility located at the TRIUMF laboratory in Vancouver, Canada, is one of the world's most advanced isotope separator on-line-type radioactive ion beam facilities. An extensive gamma-ray spectroscopy programme at ISAC is centred around two major research facilities: (i) the 8 pi gamma-ray spectrometer for P-delayed gamma-ray spectroscopy experiments with the low-energy beams from ISAC-I, and (ii) the next generation TRIUMF-ISAC gamma-ray escape suppressed spectrometer (TIGRESS) for in-beam experiments with the accelerated radioactive-ion beams. An overview of these facilities and recent results from the diverse programme of nuclear structure and fundamental interaction studies they support is presented. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. St Marys Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Garrett, PE (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM pgarrett@physics.uoguelph.ca RI Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010; Morton, Colin/K-1561-2015; OI Morton, Colin/0000-0003-0214-7551; Gallant, Aaron/0000-0001-7445-9656; Leach, Kyle/0000-0002-4751-1698 NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1084 EP 1088 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.258 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100259 ER PT J AU Greife, U Livesay, J Jewett, C Chipps, K Sarazin, F Bardayan, D Blackmon, J Nesaraja, C Smith, MS Champagne, A Fitzgerald, R Jones, K Thomas, J Kozub, R Buchmann, L Caggiano, J Hunter, D Hutcheon, D Olin, A Ottewell, D Rogers, J Ruiz, C Ruprecht, G Trinczek, M Vockenhuber, C Bishop, S D'Auria, J Lamay, M Liu, W Wrede, C Chatterjee, ML Chen, AA Pearson, J Engel, S Laird, AM Gigliotti, D Hussein, A AF Greife, U. Livesay, J. Jewett, C. Chipps, K. Sarazin, F. Bardayan, D. Blackmon, J. Nesaraja, C. Smith, M. S. Champagne, A. Fitzgerald, R. Jones, K. Thomas, J. Kozub, R. Buchmann, L. Caggiano, J. Hunter, D. Hutcheon, D. Olin, A. Ottewell, D. Rogers, J. Ruiz, C. Ruprecht, G. Trinczek, M. Vockenhuber, C. Bishop, S. D'Auria, J. Lamay, M. Liu, W. Wrede, C. Chatterjee, M. L. Chen, A. A. Pearson, J. Engel, S. Laird, A. M. Gigliotti, D. Hussein, A. TI Recent results of experiments with radioactive Na-21 and Be-7 ion beams SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE radioactive ion beams; astrophysically relevant ID DRAGON FACILITY; ENERGY-LEVELS; ISAC AB We report here on experiments with radioactive Na-21 and Be-7 beams performed by Colorado School of Mines students at the ISAC facility of TRIUMF and the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) of ORNL. At TRIUMF, the DRAGON recoil separator and its segmented BGO array were used to investigate higher energy resonances in the reaction H(Na-21, gamma)Mg-22. Using the HRIBF we performed an experiment with a Be-7 ion beam to measure scattering off Hydrogen and Carbon. Both elastic Be-7 + p scattering and for the first time resonant inelastic scattering Be-7(p, p')Be-7* were observed. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata 700009, W Bengal, India. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Dept Phys, D-4630 Bochum, NRW, Germany. Dept Phys, York, N Yorkshire, England. Univ No British Columbia, Dept Phys, Prince George, BC V2L 5P2, Canada. RP Greife, U (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM ugreife@mines.edu RI Jones, Katherine/B-8487-2011; Fitzgerald, Ryan/H-6132-2016; OI Jones, Katherine/0000-0001-7335-1379; Nesaraja, Caroline/0000-0001-5571-8341; Chipps, Kelly/0000-0003-3050-1298 NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X EI 1872-9584 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1089 EP 1093 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.055 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100260 ER PT J AU Souiotis, GA Keksis, AL Stein, BC Veselsky, M Jandel, M Shetty, DV Soisson, SN Wuenschel, S Yennello, SJ AF Souiotis, G. A. Keksis, A. L. Stein, B. C. Veselsky, M. Jandel, M. Shetty, D. V. Soisson, S. N. Wuenschel, S. Yennello, S. J. TI Rare isotope production in the Fermi energy regime and application to the Texas A&M RIB Upgrade SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE production of rare isotope beams (RIB); neutron-rich nuclides; deep-inelastic collisions ID FRAGMENTATION; MOMENTUM; KR-86; BEAMS AB An overview of recent efforts to produce and separate neutron-rich rare isotopes in quasielastic and deep-inelastic collisions around and below the Fermi energy is presented. The experiments have been performed at the Cyclotron Institute of Texas A&M University employing beams from the K500 Superconducting Cyclotron. Two magnetic separators were used: the MARS recoil separator and the Superconducting Solenoid Line (BigSol Line). In these efforts we observed an enhanced production of neutron-rich nuclides in comparison with high-energy fragmentation mechanisms. This trend has been attributed to the role of the N/Z ratio and the nuclear periphery of the target. From a practical viewpoint, we conclude that reactions below or around the Fermi energy offer a novel way to access very neutron-rich rare isotopes. The experience obtained in the production of rare isotope beams (RIB) below the Fermi energy will be exploited in the ongoing RIB Upgrade of the Cyclotron Institute that will involve production, stopping and reacceleration of rare isotopes. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Bratislava, Slovakia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, C INC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Souiotis, GA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM soulioti@comp.tamu.edu RI Yennello, Sherry/B-5803-2015 OI Yennello, Sherry/0000-0003-3963-5217 NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X EI 1872-9584 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1094 EP 1097 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.184 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100261 ER PT J AU Grzywacz, R Gross, CJ Korgul, A Liddick, SN Mazzocchi, C Page, RD Rykaczewski, K AF Grzywacz, R. Gross, C. J. Korgul, A. Liddick, S. N. Mazzocchi, C. Page, R. D. Rykaczewski, K. TI Rare isotope discoveries with digital electronics SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE alpha decay; charged particle spectroscopy ID RADIOACTIVITY AB The discovery of the new isotopes Xe-109 and Te-105 was enabled by the application of a new experimental method using selective pulse shape storage from silicon detectors with digital signal processing electronics. Essential data processing algorithms were developed, which are able to find unique nuclear decay signatures, such as overlapping alpha decay induced signals. An experiment using this method led to the simultaneous detection of isotopes with dramatically different half lives T-1/2(Xe-109) = 13(2) ms and T-1/2(Te-105) = 620(70) ns. The ground state decay energies have been measured to be E-alpha(Xe-109) = 4062(7) keV and E-alpha(Te-105) = 4703(5) keV via observation of correlated events in the decay chain Xe-109, Te-105 Sn-101. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. RP Grzywacz, R (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, 401 Nielsen Phys Bldg,1408 Circle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM rgrzywac@utk.edu NR 16 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1103 EP 1106 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.234 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100263 ER PT J AU Urrego-Blanco, JP Bingham, CR van den Brandt, B Galindo-Uribarri, A del Campo, JG Hautle, P Konter, JA Padilla-Rodal, E Schmelzbach, PA AF Urrego-Blanco, J. P. Bingham, C. R. van den Brandt, B. Galindo-Uribarri, A. del Campo, J. Gomez Hautle, P. Konter, J. A. Padilla-Rodal, E. Schmelzbach, P. A. TI Recent progress in the development of a polarized proton target for reactions with radioactive ion beams SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE radioactive ion beams; resonant elastic scattering; dyamic nuclear polarization ID DYNAMIC NUCLEAR-POLARIZATION; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; FOILS AB Polarization observables in nuclear reactions with stable beams have provided important information concerning structural properties of nuclei and reaction mechanisms and hold great promise in the context of exotic nuclei. We report on the development of a polarized target based on plastic foils of 20-200 mu m thickness to be used with radioactive ion beams. The operation of such a target requires a moderately high magnetic field and very low temperatures. The plastic foil is placed inside a chamber attached to the mixing chamber of a He-3-He-4 dilution refrigerator. Cooling of the foil is achieved via a superfluid film of He-4 that can be supplied through two capillaries. The chamber has two thin, highly uniform silicon nitride windows. An NMR coil is attached to the target to monitor the polarization. Results of a first test to characterize the target system, using the elastic scattering of 38 MeV C-12 by protons in inverse kinematics are presented. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. RP Urrego-Blanco, JP (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM jurregob@utk.edu RI Hautle, Patrick/C-1044-2012 OI Hautle, Patrick/0000-0002-0502-8278 NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1112 EP 1116 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.257 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100265 ER PT J AU Jandel, M Bredeweg, TA Couture, A Fowler, MM Bond, EM Chadwick, MB Clement, RRC Esch, EI O'Donnell, JM Reifarth, R Rundberg, RS Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wouters, JM Macri, RA Wu, CY Becker, JA AF Jandel, M. Bredeweg, T. A. Couture, A. Fowler, M. M. Bond, E. M. Chadwick, M. B. Clement, R. R. C. Esch, E. I. O'Donnell, J. M. Reifarth, R. Rundberg, R. S. Ullmann, J. L. Vieira, D. J. Wilhelmy, J. B. Wouters, J. M. Macri, R. A. Wu, C. Y. Becker, J. A. TI GEANT4 simulations of the DANCE array SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE GEANT4; actinides; neutron capture; neutron induced fission; cross section; gamma-ray calorimetry AB The detector for advanced neutron capture experiments (DANCE) at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is used for neutron capture cross sections measurements. Its high granularity of 160 BaF2 detectors in a 4 pi geometry allows for highly efficient detection of prompt gamma-rays following a neutron capture. The performance of the detector was simulated using the GEANT4 Monte Carlo code. The model includes all 160 BaF2 crystals with realistic dimensions and geometry. The (LiH)-Li-6 shell, beam pipe, crystal wrapping material, aluminum holders, photomultiplier material and materials of the calibration sources were included in the simulation. Simulated gamma-ray energy and total gamma-ray energy spectra gated on cluster and crystal multiplicities were compared to measured data using Y-88, Co-60, Na-22 calibration sources. Good agreement was achieved. A total efficiency and peak-to-total ratio as a function of gamma-ray energy was established for mono-energetic gamma-rays. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, C NR, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Jandel, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, C NR, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mjandel@lanl.gov OI Esch, Ernst/0000-0002-5179-0415; Bond, Evelyn/0000-0001-7335-4086 NR 8 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1117 EP 1121 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.252 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100266 ER PT J AU Pain, SD Cizewski, JA Hatarik, R Jones, KL Thomas, JS Bardayan, DW Blackmon, JC Nesaraja, CD Smith, MS Kozub, RL Johnson, MS AF Pain, S. D. Cizewski, J. A. Hatarik, R. Jones, K. L. Thomas, J. S. Bardayan, D. W. Blackmon, J. C. Nesaraja, C. D. Smith, M. S. Kozub, R. L. Johnson, M. S. TI Development of a high solid-angle silicon detector array for measurement of transfer reactions in inverse kinematics SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE radioactive ion beams; neutron-rich nuclei; neutron transfer reactions; silicon detectors AB The development of high quality radioactive beams, such as those at the HRIBF at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, has made possible the measurement of transfer reactions in inverse kinematics on unstable nuclei. Measurement of (d,p) reactions on neutron-rich nuclei yield data on the evolution of nuclear structure away from stability, and are of astrophysical interest due to the proximity of suggested nuclear burning paths in the astrophysical r-process in supernovae. Experimentally, (d,p) reactions on heavy (Z = 50) fission fragments are complicated by the strongly inverse kinematics, and the relatively low beam intensities. Consequently, ejectile detection with high resolution in position and energy, a high dynamic range and a high solid angular coverage is required. The Oak Ridge Rutgers University Barrel Array (ORRUBA) is a new silicon detector array currently under construction, optimized for the measurement of (d,p) reactions in inverse kinematics. It consists of two rings of silicon detectors, providing a high solid angular coverage for angles symmetrically forward and backward of 90 degrees. Resistive strip detectors are used to obtain high precision position and energy measurement of reaction ejectiles. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pain, SD (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Bldg 6025, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM painsd@ornl.gov RI Jones, Katherine/B-8487-2011; Pain, Steven/E-1188-2011; OI Jones, Katherine/0000-0001-7335-1379; Pain, Steven/0000-0003-3081-688X; Nesaraja, Caroline/0000-0001-5571-8341 NR 5 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1122 EP 1125 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.289 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100267 ER PT J AU Shumard, B Henderson, DJ Rehm, KE Tang, XD AF Shumard, B. Henderson, D. J. Rehm, K. E. Tang, X. D. TI Making MUSIC: A multiple sampling ionization chamber SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE ionization chamber; MUSIC; atlas; gating grid AB A multiple sampling ionization chamber (MUSIC) was developed for use in conjunction with the Atlas scattering chamber (ATSCAT). This chamber was developed to study the (alpha,p) reaction in stable and radioactive beams. The gas filled ionization chamber is used as a target and detector for both particles in the outgoing channel (p + beam particles for elastic scattering or p + residual nucleus for (alpha, p) reactions). The MUSIC detector is followed by a Si array to provide a trigger for anode events. The anode events are gated by a gating grid so that only (alpha,p) reactions where the proton reaches the Si detector result in an anode event. The MUSIC detector is a segmented ionization chamber. The active length of the chamber is 11.95 in. and is divided into 16 equal anode segments (3.5 in. x 0.70 in. with 0.3 in. spacing between pads). The dead area of the chamber was reduced by the addition of a Delrin snout that extends 0.875 in. into the chamber from the front face, to which a mylar window is affixed. 0.5 in. above the anode is a Frisch grid that is held at ground potential. 0.5 in. above the Frisch grid is a gating grid. The gating grid functions as a drift electron barrier, effectively halting the gathering of signals. Setting two sets of alternating wires at differing potentials creates a lateral electric field which traps the drift electrons, stopping the collection of anode signals. The chamber also has a reinforced mylar exit window separating the Si array from the target gas. This allows protons from the (alpha,p) reaction to be detected. The detection of these protons opens the gating grid to allow the drift electrons released from the ionizing gas during the (alpha,p) reaction to reach the anode segment below the reaction. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shumard, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Bldg 203 H-113, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shumard@phy.anl.gov RI Tang, Xiaodong /F-4891-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1126 EP 1128 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.179 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100268 ER PT J AU Zhang, X Li, N Anderoglu, O Wang, H Swadener, JG Hochbauer, T Misra, A Hoagland, RG AF Zhang, X. Li, Nan Anderoglu, O. Wang, H. Swadener, J. G. Hoechbauer, T. Misra, A. Hoagland, R. G. TI Nanostructured Cu/Nb multilayers subjected to helium ion-irradiation SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE ion radiation effects; nanocrystalline materials; structure and morphology (thickness,crystalline,orientation and texture); TEM ID DIFFRACTION CONTRAST; METALS; BUBBLES; MOLYBDENUM; KINETICS; GROWTH; VOIDS; FCC AB Helium ion-irradiation experiments have been performed in single layer Cu films, Nb films and Cu/Nb multilayer films with layer thickness varying from 2.5 nm to 100 nm each layer. Peak helium concentration approaches a few atomic percent with 6-9 displacement-per-atom in Cu and Nb. He bubbles were observed in single layer Cu and Nb films, as well as in Cu 100 nm/Nb 100 nm multilayers with helium bubbles aligned along layer interfaces. Helium bubbles are not resolved via transmission electron microscopy in Cu 2.5 nm/ Nb 2.5 nm multilayers. These studies indicate that layer interface may play an important role in annihilating ion-irradiation induced defects such as vacancies and interstitials and have implications in improving the radiation tolerance of metallic materials using nanostructured multilayers. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM zhangx@tamu.edu RI Li, Nan /F-8459-2010; Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012; Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012; Zhang, Xinghang/H-6764-2013; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014; OI Li, Nan /0000-0002-8248-9027; Zhang, Xinghang/0000-0002-8380-8667; Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209; Swadener, John G/0000-0001-5493-3461 NR 30 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1129 EP 1132 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.098 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100269 ER PT J AU Yu, KM Scarpulla, MA Farshchi, R Dubon, OD Walukiewicz, W AF Yu, K. M. Scarpulla, M. A. Farshchi, R. Dubon, O. D. Walukiewicz, W. TI Synthesis of highly mismatched alloys using ion implantation and pulsed laser melting SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE highly mismatched alloys; dilute nitrides; pulsed laser melting; ion implantation ID SOLAR-CELLS; THIN-FILMS; EFFICIENCY; BAND AB Highly mismatched alloys (HMAs) are dilute alloys whose fundamental properties are dramatically modified through the substitution of a relatively small fraction (up to similar to 5%) of host atoms with a very different element. Specific examples are dilute III-V nitrides (e.g. GaNxAs1-x,) and II-VI oxides (e.g. ZnO(x)Tel(1-x)) in which the conduction bands are strongly modified by the anticrossing interaction between localized states of O or N and the extended states of the semiconductor matrix. Using a highly non-equilibrium method: the combination of ion implantation and pulsed laser melting (II-PLM) we have synthesized a wide variety of III-N-x-V1-x and II-O-VI1-x alloys with N or O content up to 2%. The structural and optical properties of these HMAs have been systematically investigated. In particular, we demonstrated that the Zn1-yMnyOxTe1-y dilute oxide is a multiband alloy that can be used for the realization of the single junction, high efficiency intermediate band solar cells. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Elect Mat Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yu, KM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Elect Mat Program, MS2-200,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kmyu@lbl.gov RI Scarpulla, Michael/C-7941-2009; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Scarpulla, Michael/0000-0002-6084-6839 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1150 EP 1154 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.033 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100274 ER PT J AU Wang, H Araujo, R Swadener, JG Wang, YQ Zhang, X Fu, EG Cagin, T AF Wang, H. Araujo, R. Swadener, J. G. Wang, Y. Q. Zhang, X. Fu, E. G. Cagin, T. TI Ion irradiation effects in nanocrystalline TiN coatings SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE TiN; nanocrystalline; thin film; ion irradiation effects; TEM ID NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CERAMICS; DEFECTS; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Nitride materials and coatings have attracted extensive research interests for various applications in advanced nuclear reactors due to their unique combination of physical properties, including high temperature stability, excellent corrosion resistance, superior mechanical property and good thermal conductivity. In this paper, the ion irradiation effects in nanocrystalline TiN coatings as a function of grain size are reported. TiN thin films (thickness of 100 nm) with various grain sizes (8-100 nm) were prepared on Si substrates by a pulsed laser deposition technique. All the samples were irradiated with He-4(+) ions to high fluences at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution TEM on the ion-irradiated samples show that damage accumulation in the TiN films reduces as the grain size reduces. Electrical resistivity of the ion-irradiated films increases slightly compared with the as-deposited ones. These observations demonstrate a good radiation-tolerance property of nanocrystalline TiN films. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem Engn, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Wang, H (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM wangh@ece.tamu.edu RI Zhang, Xinghang/H-6764-2013; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014; OI Zhang, Xinghang/0000-0002-8380-8667; Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209; Swadener, John G/0000-0001-5493-3461 NR 22 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1162 EP 1166 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.248 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100277 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Jensen, J Possnert, G Grove, DA Bae, IT Weber, WJ AF Zhang, Y. Jensen, J. Possnert, G. Grove, D. A. Bae, In-Tae Weber, W. J. TI Stopping power measurements of He ions in Si and SiC by time-of-flight spectrometry SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 20-25, 2006 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence Livemore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Lab, Univ N Texas, AccSys Technol Inc, Comecer SRL, Natl Electrostat Corp, Synergy Vacuum DE electronic stopping power; energy loss; time-of-flight ID HEAVY-IONS; DETECTOR RESPONSE; CARBON-IONS; RESOLUTION; SILICON; IRRADIATION; EVOLUTION AB A straightforward approach is introduced to determine electronic stopping powers of He ions in Si and SiC over a continuous range of energies. In transmission geometry, the energy loss of He ions in self-supporting stopping foils of Si and SiC is measured using a time-offlight (TOF) set-up. The energy of individual ions prior to impingement on the foil is determined from its TOF data; the exit energy after the stopping foil is measured using a Si detector, for which every channel has been calibrated using the TOF data without the stopping foil present. The measured stopping powers demonstrate excellent repeatability of this experimental approach and good reliability as compared with previous data from the literature and theoretical predictions. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Uppsala, Div Ion Phys, S-75105 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Yanwen.Zhang@pnl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 2007 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 1180 EP 1183 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.276 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 200SW UT WOS:000248784100281 ER PT J AU Logan, J Wang, GJ Telang, F Fowler, JS Alexoff, D Zabroski, J Jayne, M Hubbard, B King, P Carter, P Shea, C Xu, Y Muench, L Schlyer, D Learned-Coughlin, S Cosson, V Volkow, ND Ding, YS AF Logan, Jean Wang, Gene-Jack Telang, Frank Fowler, Joanna S. Alexoff, David Zabroski, John Jayne, Millard Hubbard, Barbara King, Payton Carter, Pauline Shea, Colleen Xu, Youwen Muench, Lisa Schlyer, David Learned-Coughlin, Susan Cosson, Valerie Volkow, Nora D. Ding, Yu-Shin TI Imaging the norepinephrine transporter in humans with (S,S)-[C-11]O-methyl reboxetine and PET: problems and progress SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE [C-11](S,S)-MRB; PET; norepinephrine transporter; atomoxetine ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; H-3 DESMETHYLIMIPRAMINE BINDING; NONHUMAN PRIMATE BRAIN; LOCUS-COERULEUS; ENANTIOMERIC RESOLUTION; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; UPTAKE SITES; RAT-BRAIN; NORADRENALINE; RADIOLIGAND AB Results from human studies with the PET radiotracer (S,S)-[C-11]O-methyl reboxetine ([C-11](S,S)-MRB), a ligand targeting the norepinephrine transporter (NET), are reported. Quantification methods were determined from test/retest studies, and sensitivity to pharmacological blockade was tested with different doses of atomoxetine (ATX), a drug that binds to the NET with high affinity (K-i=2-5 nM). Methods: Twenty-four male subjects were divided into different groups for serial 90-min PET studies with [C-11](S,S)-MRB to assess reproducibility and the effect of blocking with different doses of ATX (25, 50 and 100 mg, po). Region-of-interest uptake data and arterial plasma input were analyzed for the distribution volume (DV). Images were normalized to a template, and average parametric images for each group were formed. Results: [C-11](S,S)-MRB uptake was highest in the thalamus (THL) and the midbrain (MBR) [containing the locus coeruleus (LC)] and lowest for the caudate nucleus (CDT). The CDT, a region with low NET, showed the smallest change on ATX treatment and was used as a reference region for the DV ratio (DVR). The baseline average DVR was 1.48 for both the THL and MBR with lower values for other regions [cerebellum (CB), 1.09; cingulate gyrus (CNG) 1.07]. However, more accurate information about relative densities came from the blocking studies. MBR exhibited greater blocking than THL, indicating a transporter density similar to 40% greater than THL. No relationship was found between DVR change and plasma ATX level. Although the higher dose tended to induce a greater decrease than the lower dose for MBR (average decrease for 25 mg=24 +/- 7%; 100 mg=31 +/- 11%), these differences were not significant. The different blocking between MBR (average decrease=28 +/- 10%) and THL (average decrease= 1 +/- 7 : 10%) given the same baseline DVR indicates that the CDT is not a good measure for non-NET binding in both regions. Threshold analysis of the difference between the average baseline DV image and the average blocked image showed the expected NET distribution with the MBR (LC) and hypothalamus > THL > CNG and CB, as well as a significant change in the supplementary motor area. DVR reproducibility for the different brain regions was similar to 10%, but intersubject variability was large. Conclusions: The highest density of NETs was found in the MBR where the LC is located, followed by THL, whereas the lowest density was found in basal ganglia (lowest in CDT), consistent with the regional localization of NETs in the nonhuman primate brain. While all three doses of ATX were found to block most regions, no significant differences between doses were found for any region, although the average percent change across subjects of the MBR did correlate with ATX dose. The lack of a dose effect could reflect a low signal-to-noise ratio coupled with the possibility that a sufficient number of transporters were blocked at the lowest dose and further differences could not be detected. However, since the lowest (25 mg) dose is less than the therapeutic doses used in children for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(similar to 1.0 mg/kg/day), this would suggest that there may be additional targets for ATX's therapeutic actions. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Diagnost Radiol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Logan, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM logan@bnl.gov OI Logan, Jean/0000-0002-6993-9994 FU Intramural NIH HHS; NIBIB NIH HHS [EB002630]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA-019062] NR 41 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0969-8051 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 34 IS 6 BP 667 EP 679 DI 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2007.03.013 PG 13 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 206AW UT WOS:000249157300010 PM 17707807 ER PT J AU Carjan, N Talou, P Serot, O AF Carjan, N. Talou, P. Serot, O. TI Emission of scission neutrons in the sudden approximation SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE nuclear fission; scission neutrons; sudden approximation ID SPONTANEOUS FISSION AB At a certain finite neck radius during the descent of a fissioning nucleus from the saddle to the scission point, the attractive nuclear forces can no more withstand the repulsive Coulomb forces producing the neck rupture and the sudden absorption of the neck stubs by the fragments. At that moment, the neutrons, although still characterized by their pre-scission wave functions, find themselves in the newly created potential of their interaction with the separated fragments. Their wave functions become wave packets with components in the continuum. The probability to populate such states gives evidently the emission probability of neutrons at scission. In this way, we have studied scission neutrons for the fissioning nucleus U-236, using two-dimensional realistic nuclear shapes. Both the emission probability and the distribution of the emission points relative to the fission fragments strongly depend on the quantum numbers of the pre-scission state from which the neutron is emitted. In particular, it was found that states with Omega pi = 1/2+ dominate the emission. Depending on the assumed pre- and post-scission configurations and on the emission-barrier height, 30 to 50% of the total scission neutrons are emitted from 1/2+ states. Their emission points are concentrated in the region between the newly separated fragments. The upper limit for the total number of neutrons per scission event is predicted to lie between 0.16 and 1.73 (depending on the computational assumptions). (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CEN Cadarache, DEN DER SPRC LEPh, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. Univ Bordeaux 1, F-33175 Gradignan, France. CNRS, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Nucl Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Talou, P (reprint author), CEN Cadarache, DEN DER SPRC LEPh, Bat 230, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. EM patrick.talou@cea.fr NR 14 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 792 IS 1-2 BP 102 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2007.05.006 PG 20 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 204SD UT WOS:000249063400004 ER PT J AU Mommsen, RK AF Mommsen, R. K. TI B-c and excited B States - a Tevatron review SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on B-Physics at Hadron Machines CY SEP 25-29, 2006 CL Oxford, ENGLAND ID HEAVY MESONS; DETECTOR AB In this paper, recent results from the CDF and Dempty set experiments on heavy flavor spectroscopy are reported. Both experiments use up to 1.1fb(-1) of data delivered by the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. C1 Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Mommsen, RK (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 170 BP 172 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2007.05.024 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 201SJ UT WOS:000248852600028 ER PT J AU Hurth, T AF Hurth, T. TI Rare decays as a probe for new physics SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on B-Physics at Hadron Machines CY SEP 25-29, 2006 CL Oxford, ENGLAND ID MINIMAL FLAVOR VIOLATION; CP VIOLATION; B-DECAYS; ISOSPIN ANALYSIS; K-DECAY; PI-K; ASYMMETRY; SUPERSYMMETRY; ELECTROWEAK; MODEL AB We discuss the indirect search for new degrees of freedom beyond the Standard Model, within flavour physics. In particular, we analyse the minimal flavour violation hypothesis and its phenomenological implications, especially the large-tan beta scenario in supersymmetric models, and also compare it with the constrained minimal flavour violation scenario. Moreover, we briefly discuss some recent progress in inclusive b --> s transitions and present a status report of the so-called K pi puzzle. C1 CERN, Dept Phys, Theory Unit, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Hurth, T (reprint author), CERN, Dept Phys, Theory Unit, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 170 BP 185 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2007.05.036 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 201SJ UT WOS:000248852600030 ER PT J AU Lin, CJ AF Lin, C. -J. TI Rare decay searches at the Tevatron SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on B-Physics at Hadron Machines CY SEP 25-29, 2006 CL Oxford, ENGLAND ID MU(+) MU(-); B-S; MODELS AB We present the current status of the rare B decay searches B-s(0) --> mu(+)mu(-), B-0 --> mu(+)mu(-), B+ --> K+mu(+)mu(-), B-0 --> K-*0 mu(+)mu(-), and B-s(0) --> empty set mu(+)mu(-) at the Tevatron. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Lin, CJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500 MS318, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 170 BP 205 EP 209 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2007.05.049 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 201SJ UT WOS:000248852600033 ER PT J AU Reisert, B AF Reisert, B. TI Charm production studies at CDF SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on B-Physics at Hadron Machines CY SEP 25-29, 2006 CL Oxford, ENGLAND ID ROOT S=1.8 TEV; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; J/PSI AB The upgraded Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF II) has a high bandwidth available for track based triggers. This capability, in conjunction with an integrated luminosity in excess of 1 fb(-1), enables detailed studies of charm hadron production. CDF is now releasing first measurements of the prompt charm meson pair cross-sections, which give access to QCD mechanisms by which charm quarks are produced in proton anti-proton collisions. Recent results on the spin alignment of J/psi and psi(2S) as well as on the relative production of the chi(c1)(P1) and chi(c2)(1P) challenge our understanding of the fragmentation of charm quarks into charmonium states. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Reisert, B (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500,MS 318, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RI Russ, James/P-3092-2014 OI Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155 NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 170 BP 243 EP 247 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2007.05.053 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 201SJ UT WOS:000248852600039 ER PT J AU Einziger, RE Beyer, C AF Einziger, Robert E. Beyer, Carl TI Characteristics and behavior of high-burnup fuel that may affect the source terms for cask accidents SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE high-burnup spent fuel; storage; transportation ID SEM AB Current risk assessments of spent fuel in storage and transportation casks use the properties of light water reactor fuel below 45 GWd/t U. Fuel is being driven to higher burnups that may influence the source term in cask accidents. To achieve these burnups the manufacturers are introducing new assembly designs and cladding alloys. As a result, at the higher burnups (>= 50 GWd/t U) some of the characteristics of the fuel pellets, cladding, and assembly design used in the safety analysis have changed. The fuel pellet has developed a fine-grained, Pu-rich rim zone on its exterior surface. The source term may increase by up to three orders of magnitude over that expected from the particulate size distribution based on the fracture of the body of the pellets. The actual increase will depend on the fracture characteristics of the rim and number of fracture sites in the cladding. The cladding may acquire hydrogen contents up to 700 parts per million by weight during the increased exposure. Embrittlement of the cladding with subsequent loss of ductility may occur, especially if there is hydride reorientation. As a result, there may be a greater propensity for fracture of the rods upon impact, with subsequent release of fuel particulate and gas. Significantly improved source terms can be developed if additional data on fuel rim fracture as a function of impact energy, the dependence of cladding ductility for Zircaloy and the newer cladding alloys as a function of hydride reorientation, and release characteristics for fractured rods are obtained. Chalk River unidentified deposit spallation characteristics only make a significant contribution to the source term if the rods do not fracture in the accident or if a fire-only accident occurs. C1 US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Einziger, RE (reprint author), US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM REE1@NRC.gov NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 159 IS 2 BP 134 EP 146 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 195TL UT WOS:000248434700002 ER PT J AU Schley, RS Telschow, KL Walter, JB Cottle, DL AF Schley, R. S. Telschow, K. L. Walter, J. B. Cottle, D. L. TI Real-time measurement of material elastic properties in a high gamma irradiation environment SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE in situ laser ultrasonics; high radiation measurements; laser acoustics AB This paper describes the first noncontact elastic vibration measurements of an object in a high gamma radiation field. Using a laser-coupled resonant ultrasound technique, the vibration modes of an Inconel hollow capped cylinder were measured as the gamma radiation field was increased to 10(4) Gy/h. This measurement technique allowed shifts in the resonant frequency of the sample's vibration modes to be tracked over a 170-h period. The vibration mode frequencies changed in a manner consistent with the temperature dependence of the elastic stiffness coefficients of the material. These results demonstrate the efficacy of the laser approach for real-time resonant ultrasound measurements in this severely hostile nuclear environment. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Schley, RS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Robert.Schley@inl.gov RI Schley, Robert/B-9124-2017 OI Schley, Robert/0000-0001-8907-6535 NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 159 IS 2 BP 202 EP 207 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 195TL UT WOS:000248434700007 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, SA Yazdy, MM Carmichael, SL Jamieson, DJ Canfield, MA Honein, MA AF Rasmussen, Sonja A. Yazdy, Mahsa M. Carmichael, Suzan L. Jamieson, Denise J. Canfield, Mark A. Honein, Margaret A. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Maternal thyroid disease as a risk factor for craniosynostosis SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th Annual DW Smith Workshop on Malformations and Morphogenesis CY SEP 08-13, 2006 CL Lake Arrowhead, CA ID BIRTH-DEFECTS PREVENTION; GRAVES-DISEASE; PREMATURE CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS; NEONATAL THYROTOXICOSIS; STIMULATING ANTIBODY; PREGNANCY; HYPERTHYROIDISM; COMPLICATION; FETAL; GUIDELINES AB Objective: To study the relationship between maternal thyroid disease and craniosynostosis using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multisite, case-control study. Methods: Case infants (n=431) were identified through population-based birth defects surveillance systems at eight sites and had craniosynostosis verified by radiographic imaging. Control infants (n=4,094) consisted of a random sample of live births with no major birth defects from the same population as the case infants. Information on thyroid disease was based on self-report: mothers who reported either a thyroid disorder or use of a medication to treat a thyroid disorder during pregnancy were considered to have thyroid disease. Using an unconditional logistic regression model, we considered potential confounding factors (maternal age, race or ethnicity, smoking, body mass index, preexisting diabetes, plurality, gravidity, family history, infant sex). Results: Among case mothers, 19 (4.4%) were classified as having thyroid disease, compared with 65 (1.6%) of control mothers. Maternal thyroid disease was associated with craniosynostosis after controlling for maternal age (adjusted odds ratio 2.47, 95% confidence interval 1.46-4.18), the only factor that remained significant in the final model. Conclusion: These data provide additional evidence that maternal thyroid disease (most likely Graves' disease) or its treatment is associated with craniosynostosis. Given the frequency of maternal thyroid disease, this association warrants further investigation. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Birth Defects Ctr & Dev Disabilities, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. ORISE Fellowship Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Calif Birth Defects Monitoring Program, March Dimes Birth Defect Fdn, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Birth Defects Ctr & Dev Disabilities, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov RI Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013; OI Yazdy, Mahsa/0000-0002-7415-5350; Rasmussen, Sonja/0000-0002-0574-4928 NR 44 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 110 IS 2 BP 369 EP 377 DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000270157.88896.76 PN 1 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 193QY UT WOS:000248290500021 PM 17666613 ER PT J AU Phuoc, TX Chen, RH AF Phuoc, Tran X. Chen, Ruey-Hung TI Use of laser-induced spark for studying ignition stability and unburned hydrogen escaping from laminar diluted hydrogen diffusion jet flames SO OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE diluted diffusion flame; hydrogen; unburned hydrogen; laser ignition; ignition liftoff; flame stabilization; LIBS ID FUEL LEWIS NUMBER; TO-AIR RATIO; NONPREMIXED JET; NITRIC-OXIDE; INSTABILITY; EXTINCTION; CHEMISTRY; MIXTURE AB Ignition and unburned hydrogen escaping from hydrogen jet diffusion flames diluted with nitrogen up to 70% were experimentally studied. The successful ignition locations were about 2/3 of the flame length above the jet exit for undiluted flames and moved much closer to the exit for diluted flames. For higher levels of dilution or higher flow rates, there existed a region within which a diluted hydrogen diffusion flame can be ignited and burns with a stable liftoff height. This is contrary to previous findings that pure and diluted hydrogen jet diffusion cannot achieve a stable lifted flame configuration. With liftoff, the flame is noisy and short with significant amount of unburned hydrogen escaping into the product gases. If ignition is initiated below this region, the flame propagates upstream quickly and attaches to the burner rim. Results from measurements of unburned hydrogen in the combustion products showed that the amount of unburned hydrogen increased as the nitrogen dilution level was increased. Thus, hydrogen diffusion flame diluted with nitrogen cannot burn completely. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Phuoc, TX (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940,MS 84-340, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM tran@netl.doe.gov NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-8166 J9 OPT LASER ENG JI Opt. Lasers Eng. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 45 IS 8 BP 834 EP 842 DI 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2007.03.002 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 187PP UT WOS:000247860600002 ER PT J AU Achermann, M Shuford, KL Schatz, GC Dahanayaka, DH Bumm, LA Klimov, VI AF Achermann, M. Shuford, K. L. Schatz, G. C. Dahanayaka, D. H. Bumm, L. A. Klimov, V. I. TI Near-field spectroscopy of surface plasmons in flat gold nanoparticles SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METAL NANOPARTICLES AB We use near-field interference spectroscopy with a broadband femtosecond, white-light probe to study local surface plasmon resonances in flat gold nanoparticles (FGNPs). Depending on nanoparticle dimensions, local near-field extinction spectra exhibit none, one, or two resonances in the range of visible wavelengths (1.6 - 2.6 eV). The measured spectra can be accurately described in terms of interference between the field emitted by the probe aperture and the field reradiated by driven FGNP surface plasmon oscillations. The measured resonances are in good agreement with those predicted by calculations using discrete dipole approximation. We observe that the amplitudes of these resonances are dependent upon the spatial position of the near-field probe, which indicates the possibility of spatially selective excitation of specific plasmon modes. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73069 USA. RP Achermann, M (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM achermann@physics.umass.edu; klimov@lanl.gov RI Bumm, Lloyd/B-5738-2011; Achermann, Marc/A-1849-2011; Shuford, Kevin/L-2435-2014; OI Achermann, Marc/0000-0002-3939-9309; Klimov, Victor/0000-0003-1158-3179 NR 10 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 32 IS 15 BP 2254 EP 2256 DI 10.1364/OL.32.002254 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 205BF UT WOS:000249087200062 PM 17671601 ER PT J AU Koshelev, IK Paulikas, AP Beno, M Jennings, G Linton, J Grimsditch, M Uran, S Veal, BW AF Koshelev, I. K. Paulikas, A. P. Beno, M. Jennings, G. Linton, J. Grimsditch, M. Uran, S. Veal, B. W. TI Chromium-oxide growth on Fe-Cr-Ni alloy studied with grazing-emission X-ray fluorescence SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE grazing emission X-ray fluorescence; chromia scale; scale growth ID TEMPERATURE OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; REACTIVE ELEMENT; SCALE; ADHESION AB Using grazing-emission X-ray fluorescence (GEXRF), isothermal oxidation of the alloys 55Fe-25Cr-20Ni and 55Fe-25Cr-20Ni(+0.3Y) (wt.%) were studied as a function of oxidation time at 750 degrees C in O-2. In addition, the effect of thermal cycling was studied. Using GEXRF, oxide thickness, the Cr-depletion zone in the substrate, and Fe and Ni concentrations in the oxide were monitored as a function of oxidation time. Scanning-electron microscopy was used to independently measure the Cr-depletion zone. Raman spectroscopy was used to measure the concentration of Fe2O3 appearing in the oxides in early oxidation (less than 2 h). Both GEXRF and Raman measurements show that the thermally-grown chromium oxide purifies with extended oxidation; initially abundant Fe2O3 became undetectable after 2 h of oxidation. However, the total Fe concentration was still similar to 3% after 2 h but systematically decreased with further oxidation. Thermal cycling had no effect on these results. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Veal, BW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM veal@anl.gov NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 68 IS 1-2 BP 37 EP 51 DI 10.1007/s11085-007-9053-2 PG 15 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 188PK UT WOS:000247931600004 ER PT J AU Byeon, JW Liu, J Hopkins, M Fischer, W Garimella, N Park, KB Brady, MP Radovic, M El-Raghy, T Sohn, YH AF Byeon, J. W. Liu, J. Hopkins, M. Fischer, W. Garimella, N. Park, K. B. Brady, M. P. Radovic, M. El-Raghy, T. Sohn, Y. H. TI Microstructure and residual stress of alumina scale formed on Ti2AlC at high temperature in air SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE Ti2AlC; coefficient of thermal expansion; ternary carbide; oxidation; residual stress; photoluminescence spectroscopy; transmission electron microscopy ID LIQUID REACTION SYNTHESIS; OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; GROWTH STRESS; OXIDE SCALE; TI3SIC2; CERAMICS; TI3ALC2; CARBIDE; STRAIN AB Ti2AlC ternary carbide is being explored for various high temperature applications due to its strength at high temperatures, excellent thermal-shock resistance, and high electrical conductivity. A potential advantage of Ti2AlC over conventional Al2O3-forming materials is the near-identical coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of Ti2AlC and alpha-Al2O3, which could result in superior spallation resistance and make Ti2AlC a promising option for applications ranging from bondcoats for thermal barrier coatings to furnace heating elements. In this study, isothermal and cyclic oxidation were performed in air to examine the oxidation behavior of Ti2AlC. Isothermal oxidation was performed at 1000, 1200 and 1400 degrees C for up to 25 h and cyclic oxidation consisted of 1,000 1-hour cycles at 1200 degrees C. Characteristics of the oxide scale developed in air, including mass change, residual stress in the alpha-Al2O3 scale, phase constituents and microstructure, were examined as functions of time and temperature by thermogravimetry, photostimulated luminescence, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy via focused ion beam in situ lift-out. Above a continuous and adherent alpha-Al2O3 layer, a discontinuous-transient rutile-TiO2 scale was identified in the oxide scale developed at 1000 and 1200 degrees C, while a discontinuous-transient Al2TiO5 scale was identified at 1400 degrees C. The continuous alpha-Al(2)O(3)scale thickened to more than 15 mu m after 25 h of isothermal oxidation at 1400 degrees C, and after 1,000 1-hour cycles at 1200 degrees C, yet remained adherent and protective. The compressive residual stress determined by photoluminescence for the alpha-Al2O3 scale remained under 0.65 GPa for the specimens oxidized up to 1400 degrees C for 25 hours. The small magnitude of the compressive residual stress may be responsible the high spallation-resistance of the protective alpha-Al2O3 scale developed on Ti2AlC, despite the absence of reactive element additions. C1 Univ Cent Florida, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. Orange Cty Publ Sch, Univ High Sch, Cent Florida Space Sci Inst NSF, Res Experience Teachers RET Program, Orlando, FL USA. Andong Natl Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Andong, South Korea. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. 3 one 2 LLC, Voorhees, NJ USA. RP Sohn, YH (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM ysohn@mail.ucf.edu RI Brady, Michael/A-8122-2008; Sohn, Yongho/A-8517-2010 OI Brady, Michael/0000-0003-1338-4747; Sohn, Yongho/0000-0003-3723-4743 NR 34 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 4 U2 25 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 68 IS 1-2 BP 97 EP 111 DI 10.1007/s11085-007-9063-0 PG 15 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 188PK UT WOS:000247931600008 ER PT J AU Billah, A Wang, B Awwal, AAS AF Billah, Abdur Wang, Bin Awwal, Abdul A. S. TI Topology based placement of multicast capable nodes for supporting efficient multicast communication in WDM optical networks SO PHOTONIC NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE WDM mesh network; multicast; sparse splitting capability; multicast capable node placement ID WAVELENGTH-ROUTED NETWORKS AB Most existing algorithms for the problem of optical signal splitter placement or multicast splitting-capable node placement in a WDM network are based on the performance of attempting a large set of randomly generated multicast sessions in the network. Experiments show that placement of multicast capable nodes based on their importance for routing one set of multicast sessions may not be a right choice for another set of multicast sessions. In this work, we propose placement algorithms that are based on network topology and the relative importance of a node in routing multicast sessions, which is measured by our proposed metrics. Since a network topology is fixed once given, the proposed algorithms are essentially network traffic independent. We evaluate the proposed placement algorithms given static sets of multicast sessions as well as under dynamic traffic conditions, which are routed using our splitter constrained multicast routing algorithm. Our results show that the proposed algorithms perform better, compared to existing algorithms. C1 Wright State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Wang, B (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. EM bin.wang@wright.edu NR 14 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1387-974X J9 PHOTONIC NETW COMMUN JI Photonic Netw. Commun. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 14 IS 1 BP 35 EP 47 DI 10.1007/s11107-006-0043-0 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Optics; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Optics; Telecommunications GA 205FZ UT WOS:000249100700004 ER PT J AU Barat, K AF Barat, Ken TI Eye safety the laser lab SO PHOTONICS SPECTRA LA English DT Article C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Barat, K (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. EM kbarat@lbl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LAURIN PUBL CO INC PI PITTSFIELD PA BERKSHIRE COMMON PO BOX 1146, PITTSFIELD, MA 01202 USA SN 0731-1230 J9 PHOTONIC SPECTRA JI Photon. Spect. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 41 IS 8 BP 77 EP 78 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA 202XP UT WOS:000248938100017 ER PT J AU Pu, J Yang, L Zu, XT Gao, F AF Pu, J. Yang, L. Zu, X. T. Gao, F. TI A molecular dynamics study of helium bubble stability during high-energy displacement cascades in alpha-iron SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE molecular dynamics; He bubble; displacement cascade; alpha-Fe ID VACANCY CLUSTERS; EVOLUTION; GROWTH; DAMAGE; FE AB The interactions of high-energy displacement cascades with helium bubbles in alpha-Fe are investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. Initial bubbles with volumes 212 and 636 angstrom(3) are considered, and the helium-to-vacancy (He/V) ratio in the bubbles varies from 0.5 to 3. Primary knock-on atom (PKA) energy, E-p, is up to 40 keV. The results show that the change of nm-sized He bubbles due to displacement cascades does not depend much on the bubble size, but rather on the He/V ratio and the recoil energy. For the initial He/V ratio less than 1, the size of the bubbles decreases with increasing PKA energy, but the He/V ratio increases. However, for the initial He/V ratio of 3, the size of the bubbles increases, and the He/V ratio decreases with PKA energy. For the initial He/V ratio of 1, the ratio of the small bubble decreases slightly, but the ratio of the large bubble remains unchanged for lower PKA energy, and increases slightly for higher PKA energy. The reasons for these observed phenomena have been explained. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. China W Normal Univ, Sch Phys & Elect Informat, Nanchong 637002, Peoples R China. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zu, XT (reprint author), Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. EM xiaotaozu@yahoo.com RI Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012 NR 17 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 398 IS 1 BP 65 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2007.04.091 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 202VT UT WOS:000248932900013 ER PT J AU Mathis, JE Christen, HM AF Mathis, John E. Christen, Hans M. TI Factors that influence particle formation during pulsed electron deposition of YBCO precursors SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE pulsed electron deposition; PED; particles; YBCO ID GOLD NANOPARTICLES; LASER ABLATION; THIN-FILMS; BEAM; TRANSITION; DENSITY AB Pulsed electron deposition (PED) is an attractive alternative to pulsed laser deposition (PLD) for growing thin films because of PED's relatively low cost. A potential problem with PED, however, is the generation of particulates that interfere with film growth. The influence of ambient pressure and accelerating potential on the number of and size of particulates appearing on the surface of films was investigated for the barium fluoride-based YBCO precursor process. It was found that the size of the particulates varies exponentially with accelerating voltage. The size of the particulates can be reduced to less than 100 nm by increasing the ambient pressure beyond that required for optimum deposition rate. The ability to control the size of particulates could make PED useful for technical applications where the generation of sub-micron sized materials is desired. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mathis, JE (reprint author), Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, 600 S Clyde Morris Blvd, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 USA. EM mathisjo@erau.edu RI Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013 OI Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469 NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD AUG 1 PY 2007 VL 459 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2007.04.221 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 192JX UT WOS:000248198900010 ER PT J AU Macek, JH AF Macek, J. H. TI Efimov states: what are they and why are they important? SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID LARGE SCATTERING LENGTH; 3-BODY RECOMBINATION; EXCITED-STATES; ENERGY-LEVELS; SYSTEMS; COLLISIONS; PARTICLES; FORCES; TRIMER; ATOMS AB The interaction of two atoms at energies in the microkelvin range is mainly characterized by one parameter, namely, the s-wave scattering length. Efimov showed that when the scattering length was effectively infinite, i.e. much larger than the natural length scale of the atoms, a large number of three-body bound states could form even when the two-body system supported only one weakly bound state, or possibly none at all. The states are bound in an effective 1/R-2 potential and therefore form a series with a characteristic energy spacing. These states are called Efimov states and are conceptually important since they indicate a new way to form aggregates of particles. They bear some relation to vibrationally bound states of three atoms. The theory of these states and their relation to vibrational binding is reviewed in light of recent experimental measurements. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37496 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Macek, JH (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, 401 Nielsen Phys Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37496 USA. EM jmacek@utk.edu NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 2 BP C3 EP C11 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/76/2/N01 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 205FW UT WOS:000249100400014 ER PT J AU Green, M Wodin, J Devoe, R Fierlinger, P Flatt, B Gratta, G LePort, F Diez, MM Neilson, R O'Sullivan, K Pocar, A Waldman, S Leonard, DS Piepke, A Hargrove, C Sinclair, D Strickland, V Fairbank, W Hall, K Mong, B Moe, M Farine, J Hallman, D Virtue, C Baussan, E Martin, Y Schenker, D Vuilleumier, JL Vuilleumier, JM Weber, P Breidenbach, M Conley, R Hall, C Hodgson, J Mackay, D Odian, A Prescott, CY Rowson, PC Skarpaas, K Wamba, K AF Green, M. Wodin, J. Devoe, R. Fierlinger, P. Flatt, B. Gratta, G. LePort, F. Diez, M. Montero Neilson, R. O'Sullivan, K. Pocar, A. Waldman, S. Leonard, D. S. Piepke, A. Hargrove, C. Sinclair, D. Strickland, V. Fairbank, W., Jr. Hall, K. Mong, B. Moe, M. Farine, J. Hallman, D. Virtue, C. Baussan, E. Martin, Y. Schenker, D. Vuilleumier, J.-L. Vuilleumier, J.-M. Weber, P. Breidenbach, M. Conley, R. Hall, C. Hodgson, J. Mackay, D. Odian, A. Prescott, C. Y. Rowson, P. C. Skarpaas, K. Wamba, K. TI Observation of single collisionally cooled trapped ions in a buffer gas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID BEAMS/ AB Individual Ba ions are trapped in a gas-filled linear ion trap and observed with a high signal-to-noise ratio by resonance fluorescence. Single-ion storage times of similar to 5 min (similar to 1 min) are achieved using He (Ar) as a buffer gas at pressures in the range 8x10(-5)-4x10(-3) torr. Trap dynamics in buffer gases are experimentally studied in the simple case of single ions. In particular, the cooling effects of light gases such as He and Ar and the destabilizing properties of heavier gases such as Xe are studied. A simple model is offered to explain the observed phenomenology. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Laurentian Univ, Dept Phys, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada. Univ Neuchatel, Inst Phys, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Waldman, S (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Green, Matthew/F-3497-2011; OI Green, Matthew/0000-0002-1958-8030 NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 2 AR 023404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.76.023404 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 205ZY UT WOS:000249154900087 ER PT J AU Pindzola, MS Robicheaux, F Colgan, J AF Pindzola, M. S. Robicheaux, F. Colgan, J. TI Electron-impact double ionization of helium at high energies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article AB Electron-impact double-ionization cross sections for the helium atom are calculated by direct solution of a nine-dimensional Schrodinger equation using a time-dependent close-coupling method. Previous calculations are extended to higher incident electron energies using a simple factor-of-2 reduction in the mesh spacing for the three-dimensional radial lattice. The recent calculations, computationally more than an order of magnitude more difficult, are found to be in good agreement with experiment from threshold to beyond the peak of the cross section at 275 eV. C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pindzola, MS (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 8 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 2 AR 024704 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.76.024704 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 205ZY UT WOS:000249154900171 ER PT J AU Xie, XH Wickenhauser, M Boutu, W Merdji, H Salieres, P Scrinzi, A AF Xie, Xinhua Wickenhauser, M. Boutu, W. Merdji, H. Salieres, P. Scrinzi, A. TI Subcycle dynamics in the laser ionization of molecules SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HIGH-ORDER HARMONICS; FIELD; PULSES; TIME AB The time and momentum distributions of electron emission from a molecule during a single laser cycle are calculated by solving a two-dimensional time-dependent Schrodinger equation. The momentum distributions strongly depend on the orbital symmetry and orientation of the molecular axis. Field-induced internal dynamics of the molecule can shift electron emission and recollision times through a large part of the laser cycle, which leads to corresponding variations of high-harmonic emission times and to the appearance of even harmonics. C1 Vienna Univ Technol, Photon Inst, Vienna, Austria. CEA, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. SLAC, Stanford PULSE Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Scrinzi, A (reprint author), Vienna Univ Technol, Photon Inst, Vienna, Austria. EM scrinzi@tuwien.ac.at RI Xie, Xinhua/A-9342-2008; Xie, Xinhua/C-1783-2008; SALIERES, Pascal/L-7776-2014 OI Xie, Xinhua/0000-0002-1964-4370; Xie, Xinhua/0000-0002-1964-4370; SALIERES, Pascal/0000-0001-5899-8246 NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 2 AR 023426 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.76.023426 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 205ZY UT WOS:000249154900109 ER PT J AU Akrap, A Barisic, N Forro, L Mandrus, D Sales, BC AF Akrap, A. Barisic, N. Forro, L. Mandrus, D. Sales, B. C. TI High-pressure resistivity and thermoelectric power in Yb14MnSb11 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERROMAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTOR; CURIE-TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; YTTERBIUM AB We report the electrical transport properties of Yb14MnSb11, resistivity and thermoelectric power under pressures up to 2.3 GPa. In both transport coefficients we can follow the ferromagnetic transition, which shows a shift from the ambient pressure value of 52 K to lower temperatures and eventually saturation at 49 K for p>2.0 GPa. The high values of thermopower and its linear temperature dependence down to 100 K demonstrate that the system is a bad metal. Anomalies in the thermopower below the ferromagnetic transition are rather sensitive to pressure. Our experimental observations are consistent with the model of an underscreened Kondo lattice. C1 Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Phys Mat Complexe, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Akrap, A (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Phys Mat Complexe, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RI Akrap, Ana/G-1409-2013; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014; Barisic, Neven/E-4246-2015 OI Akrap, Ana/0000-0003-4493-5273; NR 23 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 8 AR 085203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.085203 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AD UT WOS:000249155400044 ER PT J AU Bangura, AF Goddard, PA Singleton, J Tozer, SW Coldea, AI Ardavan, A McDonald, RD Blundell, SJ Schlueter, JA AF Bangura, A. F. Goddard, P. A. Singleton, J. Tozer, S. W. Coldea, A. I. Ardavan, A. McDonald, R. D. Blundell, S. J. Schlueter, J. A. TI Angle-dependent magnetoresistance oscillations due to magnetic breakdown orbits SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ONE-DIMENSIONAL METALS; DIAMOND-ANVIL CELL; FERMI-SURFACE; ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTORS; QUANTUM INTERFERENCE; FIELDS; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)(2)CU(NCS)(2); PRESSURE; TEMPERATURE; CONDUCTORS AB We present experimental evidence for a hitherto unconfirmed type of angle-dependent magnetoresistance oscillation caused by magnetic breakdown. The effect was observed in the organic superconductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu(NCS)(2) using hydrostatic pressures of up to 9.8 kbar and magnetic fields of up to 33 T. In addition, we show that similar oscillations are revealed in ambient-pressure measurements, provided that the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations are suppressed either by elevated temperatures or filtering of the data. These results provide a compelling validation of Pippard's semiclassical picture of magnetic breakdown [Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 270, 1 (1962)]. C1 Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bangura, AF (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RI Coldea, Amalia/C-1106-2013; McDonald, Ross/H-3783-2013; Goddard, Paul/A-8638-2015; OI McDonald, Ross/0000-0002-0188-1087; Goddard, Paul/0000-0002-0666-5236; Mcdonald, Ross/0000-0002-5819-4739 NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 5 AR 052510 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.052510 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AA UT WOS:000249155100025 ER PT J AU Berbil-Bautista, L Krause, S Bode, M Wiesendanger, R AF Berbil-Bautista, L. Krause, S. Bode, M. Wiesendanger, R. TI Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy of ferromagnetic Dy(0001)/W(110) films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID IDEAL EPITAXIAL CONFIGURATIONS; RARE-EARTH-METALS; SURFACE-STATE; ANALYTICAL SELECTION; DOMAIN-WALLS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS; X-RAY AB Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (SP-STS) are employed to investigate the contrast mechanism and the magnetic structure of Dy films epitaxially grown on W(110). While relatively complicated tip preparation procedures were necessary in the past, we now obtain magnetic contrast by bringing the tip in gentle contact with a ferromagnetic Dy film. Maximum contrast is observed at bias voltages around -0.9 V. Since highly polarized sample states are not available at the corresponding binding energy, we suggest that an unoccupied tip state is responsible for the strong magnetic contrast. SP-STS measurements show three-, four-, or sixfold magnetic contrast. This result can be explained by random azimuthal orientations of the tip magnetization with respect to the sample's easy axis. Images of the magnetic domain structure show a stripe domain pattern which consists of about 40 nm wide domains, the magnetization directions of which alternate by 60 degrees. This result is a clear proof that the Dy(0001) surface exhibits ferromagnetic order. The domain walls are identified as Neel walls with a width of 2-5 nm. C1 Univ Hamburg, Inst Appl Phys, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Hamburg, Microstruct Res Ctr, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. RP Berbil-Bautista, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ljberbil-bautista@lbl.gov RI Krause, Stefan/C-8491-2009; Wiesendanger, Roland/P-9726-2016; Bode, Matthias/S-3249-2016 OI Wiesendanger, Roland/0000-0002-0472-4183; Bode, Matthias/0000-0001-7514-5560 NR 55 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 6 AR 064411 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.064411 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AB UT WOS:000249155200064 ER PT J AU Bester, G Reuter, D He, L Zunger, A Kailuweit, P Wieck, AD Zeitler, U Maan, JC Wibbelhoff, O Lorke, A AF Bester, G. Reuter, D. He, Lixin Zunger, A. Kailuweit, P. Wieck, A. D. Zeitler, U. Maan, J. C. Wibbelhoff, O. Lorke, A. TI Experimental imaging and atomistic modeling of electron and hole quasiparticle wave functions in InAs/GaAs quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; STATES AB We present experimental magnetotunneling results and atomistic pseudopotential calculations of quasiparticle electron and hole wave functions of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots. The combination of a predictive theory along with the experimental results allows us to gain direct insight into the quantum states. We monitor the effects of (i) correlations, (ii) atomistic symmetry, and (iii) piezoelectricity on the confined carriers and (iv) observe a peculiar charging sequence of holes that violates the Aufbau principle. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany. High Field Magnet Lab, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. Univ Duisburg Essen, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany. RP Bester, G (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Maan, Jan Cornelis/D-4952-2012; Bester, Gabriel/I-4414-2012; Zeitler, Uli/D-4344-2012; Lorke, Axel/A-1170-2013; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; Wieck, Andreas Dirk/C-5129-2009 OI Bester, Gabriel/0000-0003-2304-0817; Zeitler, Uli/0000-0002-5293-2673; Lorke, Axel/0000-0002-0405-7720; Wieck, Andreas Dirk/0000-0001-9776-2922 NR 26 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 7 AR 075338 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.075338 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AC UT WOS:000249155300118 ER PT J AU Booth, CH Bauer, ED Daniel, M Wilson, RE Mitchell, JN Morales, LA Sarrao, JL Allen, PG AF Booth, C. H. Bauer, E. D. Daniel, M. Wilson, R. E. Mitchell, J. N. Morales, L. A. Sarrao, J. L. Allen, P. G. TI Quantifying structural damage from self-irradiation in a plutonium superconductor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-DAMAGE; DELTA-PLUTONIUM; ION-IRRADIATION; TEMPERATURE; SPECTRA AB The 18.5 K superconductor PuCoGa5 has many unusual properties, including those due to damage induced by self-irradiation. The superconducting transition temperature decreases sharply with time, suggesting a radiation-induced Frenkel defect concentration much larger than predicted by current radiation damage theories. Extended x-ray absorption fine-structure measurements demonstrate that while the local crystal structure in fresh material is well ordered, aged material is disordered much more strongly than expected from simple defects, consistent with strong disorder throughout the damage cascade region. These data highlight the potential impact of local lattice distortions relative to defects on the properties of irradiated materials and underscore the need for more atomic-resolution structural comparisons between radiation damage experiments and theory. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wilson, RE (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Booth, Corwin/A-7877-2008; Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Wilson, Richard/H-1763-2011; Mitchell, Jeremy/E-2875-2010; OI Wilson, Richard/0000-0001-8618-5680; Mitchell, Jeremy/0000-0001-7109-3505; Bauer, Eric/0000-0003-0017-1937 NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 6 AR 064530 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.064530 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AB UT WOS:000249155200118 ER PT J AU Choi, J Wu, J Wu, YZ Won, C Scholl, A Doran, A Owens, T Qiu, ZQ AF Choi, J. Wu, J. Wu, Y. Z. Won, C. Scholl, A. Doran, A. Owens, T. Qiu, Z. Q. TI Effect of atomic steps on the interfacial interaction of FeMn/Co films grown on vicinal Cu(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY; THIN-FILMS; SURFACE; ALLOYS; MODEL; CO AB FeMn/Co ultrathin films were epitaxially grown on vicinal Cu(001) and investigated by using photoemission electron microscopy and surface magneto-optical Kerr effect. The FeMn antiferromagnetic order increases the Co coercivity and switches the Co magnetization easy axis from the in-plane [110] axis to the in-plane [100] axis. To separate the effects of atomic steps along different orientations, we modify the [110] and [100] step densities by growing the FeMn/Co film on vicinal Cu(001) with steps parallel to [110] and [100] axes. We find that the [110] steps weaken the Co coercivity enhancement, while the [100] steps enhance the Co coercivity enhancement. This result supports the mechanism that the Co in-plane magnetization switching is due to the spin pinning of the FeMn at the [100]-type atomic steps. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Fudan Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 130701, South Korea. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Choi, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI wu, YiZheng/O-1547-2013; Wu, yizheng/P-2395-2014; Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012; Qiu, Zi Qiang/O-4421-2016 OI Wu, yizheng/0000-0002-9289-1271; Qiu, Zi Qiang/0000-0003-0680-0714 NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 5 AR 054407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.054407 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AA UT WOS:000249155100078 ER PT J AU Da Silva, JLF Stampfl, C AF Da Silva, Juarez L. F. Stampfl, Catherine TI Nature of Xenon adsorption on graphite: On-top versus hollow site preference SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL GRAPHITE; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS; XE ATOMS; SURFACE; GAS; MONOLAYER; GEOMETRY; RAY AB We study the interaction between Xe adatoms and the graphite (0001) surface employing all-electron density-functional theory calculations. Xe adatoms prefer to adsorb in the hollow site, which is consistent with a recent dynamical low-energy electron diffraction intensity analysis. We explain the hollow site preference as a consequence of the greater polarization of Xe adatoms at the hollow site, as well as of the surface C atoms, and hence a greater induced dipole moment, which provides a larger contribution to the attractive interaction. As a consequence, Xe adatoms get closer to the surface in the hollow site. The above-mentioned mechanisms of the interaction between Xe atoms and graphite (0001) are, thus, very similar to the picture recently proposed for rare-gas adatoms on close-packed metal surfaces. C1 Humboldt Univ, Inst Chem, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Da Silva, JLF (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Da Silva, Juarez L. F./B-5961-2008; Da Silva, Juarez L. F./D-1779-2011 OI Da Silva, Juarez L. F./0000-0003-0645-8760 NR 47 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 8 AR 085301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.085301 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AD UT WOS:000249155400053 ER PT J AU Das, S Zong, X Niazi, A Ellern, A Yan, JQ Johnston, DC AF Das, S. Zong, X. Niazi, A. Ellern, A. Yan, J. Q. Johnston, D. C. TI Crystallography, magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and electrical resistivity of heavy-fermion LiV2O4 single crystals grown using a self-flux technique SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL OXIDE; THERMAL-EXPANSION; COMPOUND LIV2O4; SPINEL; FRUSTRATION; TRANSPORT; BEHAVIOR; LIQUID AB Magnetically pure spinel compound LiV2O4 is a rare d-electron heavy fermion. Measurements on single crystals are needed to clarify the mechanism for the heavy-fermion behavior in the pure material. In addition, it is known that small concentrations (< 1 mol %) of magnetic defects in the structure strongly affect the properties, and measurements on single crystals containing magnetic defects would help to understand the latter behaviors. Herein, we report flux growth of LiV2O4 and preliminary measurements to help resolve these questions. The magnetic susceptibility of some as-grown crystals show a Curie-like upturn at low temperatures, showing the presence of magnetic defects within the spinel structure. The magnetic defects could be removed in some of the crystals by annealing them at 700 degrees C. A very high specific heat coefficient gamma=450 mJ/mol K-2 was obtained at a temperature of 1.8 K for a crystal containing a magnetic defect concentration n(defect)=0.5 mol %. A crystal with n(defect)=0.01 mol % showed a residual resistivity ratio of 50. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Das, S (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Zong, Xiaopeng/F-1529-2011 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 5 AR 054418 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.054418 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AA UT WOS:000249155100089 ER PT J AU Demsar, J Gozar, A Thorsmolle, VK Taylor, AJ Bozovic, I AF Demsar, J. Gozar, A. Thorsmolle, V. K. Taylor, A. J. Bozovic, I. TI Long-lived near-infrared photoinduced absorption in LaSrAlO4 excited with visible light SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CHARGE-CARRIERS; SRLAALO4; ANISOTROPY; CRYSTALS; POLARONS; FILMS AB Here, we report on studies of photoinduced carrier dynamics in LaSrAlO4. In samples annealed in a reductive atmosphere, intense illumination by sub-band-gap photons results in strong photoinduced absorption (PIA) centered at about 0.7 eV. As a function of temperature, PIA disappears above 200 K, but at 4 K, it has a lifetime of several hours. The nonlinear dependence of PIA on light fluence enables "writing" or "erasing" this optical memory effect by using visible and infrared photons, respectively. Our results can be explained within a three-level scheme and are discussed in a scenario that involves trapping of photoexcited electrons at oxygen-vacancy sites. C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Univ Konstanz, Dept Phys, D-78457 Constance, Germany. RP Demsar, J (reprint author), Jozef Stefan Inst, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. RI Demsar, Jure/B-5578-2008; Thorsmolle, Verner/M-1095-2015; Demsar, Jure/F-7243-2016 OI Demsar, Jure/0000-0003-4551-7444; Thorsmolle, Verner/0000-0002-5890-4403; NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 5 AR 054304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.054304 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AA UT WOS:000249155100066 ER PT J AU Galperin, YM Altshuler, BL Bergli, J Shantsev, D Vinokur, V AF Galperin, Y. M. Altshuler, B. L. Bergli, J. Shantsev, D. Vinokur, V. TI Non-Gaussian dephasing in flux qubits due to 1/f noise SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL DIFFUSION DECAY; LOW-TEMPERATURES; GLASSES; DECOHERENCE; FLUCTUATORS; MOLECULES; SYSTEMS; METALS; ECHOES; SINGLE AB Recent experiments by Yoshihara [Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 167001 (2006)] provided information on decoherence of the echo signal in Josephson-junction flux qubits at various bias conditions. These results were interpreted assuming a Gaussian model for the decoherence due to 1/f noise. Here we revisit this problem on the basis of the exactly solvable spin-fluctuator model reproducing detailed properties of the 1/f noise interacting with a qubit. We consider the time dependence of the echo signal and conclude that the results based on the Gaussian assumption need essential reconsideration. C1 Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Univ Oslo, Ctr Adv Mat & Nanotechnol, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. NEC Res Inst, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Galperin, YM (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, POB 1048, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. EM iouri.galperine@fys.uio.no RI Galperin, Yuri/A-1851-2008; Bergli, Joakim/A-1707-2008 OI Galperin, Yuri/0000-0001-7281-9902; NR 36 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 6 AR 064531 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.064531 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AB UT WOS:000249155200119 ER PT J AU Highland, M Gundrum, BC Koh, YK Averback, RS Cahill, DG Elarde, VC Coleman, JJ Walko, DA Landahl, EC AF Highland, M. Gundrum, B. C. Koh, Yee Kan Averback, R. S. Cahill, David G. Elarde, V. C. Coleman, J. J. Walko, D. A. Landahl, E. C. TI Ballistic-phonon heat conduction at the nanoscale as revealed by time-resolved x-ray diffraction and time-domain thermoreflectance SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SCATTERING; TRANSPORT; FILMS; EXPANSION; DYNAMICS; GAAS; FLOW AB We use time-resolved measurements of the evolution of surface and buried layer temperatures to quantify the contribution of ballistic phonons to heat transport on nanometer length scales. A laser pulse heats a 100 nm thick Al film which cools by conduction into a GaAs substrate. The top 120-250 nm of the GaAs substrate is doped with In to create a buried layer with a distinct lattice constant. The cooling of the Al film is monitored by time-domain thermoreflectance and, in the second set of experiments, the heating and cooling of the GaAs:In buried layer are monitored by time-resolved x-ray diffraction. The combination of these data shows that thermal transport by ballistic phonons accounts for nearly 20% of the heat flow across the buried layer on nanosecond time scales. C1 Univ Illinois, Frederick Seiz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Highland, M (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Frederick Seiz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Koh, Yee Kan/A-8893-2010; Cahill, David/B-3495-2014 OI Koh, Yee Kan/0000-0002-4156-6209; NR 23 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 7 AR 075337 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.075337 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AC UT WOS:000249155300117 ER PT J AU Hodak, M Wang, S Lu, W Bernholc, J AF Hodak, Miroslav Wang, Shuchun Lu, Wenchang Bernholc, J. TI Implementation of ultrasoft pseudopotentials in large-scale grid-based electronic structure calculations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; APPROXIMATION; FORMALISM; COPPER AB An implementation of Vanderbilt ultrasoft pseudopotentials in real-space grid-based electronic structure calculations is presented. Efficient utilization of these pseudopotentials requires the use of different grids for (i) wave functions, (ii) charge density, and (iii) sharply peaked operators within the atomic core radii. High-order interpolation between the various grids is important for accuracy, as is high-order discretization for the differential operators. However, efficiency is also of paramount importance, especially when parallelizing over hundreds or thousands of processors. We describe algorithms and procedures used to achieve an effective implementation in the real-space multigrid code, and provide test results for first-row diatomics, bulk transition metals, and energy-conserving quantum molecular dynamics of water. The code parallelizes efficiently over several thousands of processors on modern parallel supercomputers, such as the Cray XT3 and XT4. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Ctr High Performance Simulat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hodak, M (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Ctr High Performance Simulat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 8 AR 085108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.085108 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AD UT WOS:000249155400020 ER PT J AU Jackson, DD McCall, SK Karki, AB Young, DP AF Jackson, D. D. McCall, S. K. Karki, A. B. Young, D. P. TI Unconventional ferrimagnetic ordering of Ce in the anisotropic metal CeCrSb3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; LN=LA-ND; LACRSB3; FERROMAGNET; GDCRSB3; SM; CR AB We report on the magnetization and electrical resistivity on single crystals of CeCrSb3, a ferromagnetic metal with large anisotropy. It undergoes two ferromagnetic transitions: the first is at T-Cr=115 K due to the electrons from the Cr ions and the second is a gradual alignment of the Ce3+ 4f electrons between 48 and 18 K. The Cr moments behave similarly in LaCrSb3, with the easy axis along the b axis. Below 48 K, the Ce moments begin to align along the c axis, and as the applied field increases, their effect on the magnetization increases in importance, resulting in nearly linear behavior of M-c(T) for H=30 kG. At 5 K, the saturation moment along the c axis is 3.28 mu(B)/f.u., and along the b axis, the magnetization saturates to 1.29 mu(B)/f.u., the difference being only 7% less than the predicted Hund's rule value for Ce3+, indicating that the 4f moments have fully aligned along the c axis. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Jackson, DD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI McCall, Scott/G-1733-2014 OI McCall, Scott/0000-0002-7979-4944 NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 6 AR 064408 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.064408 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AB UT WOS:000249155200061 ER PT J AU Janssen, Y Chang, S Kreyssig, A Kracher, A Mozharivskyj, Y Misra, S Canfield, PC AF Janssen, Y. Chang, S. Kreyssig, A. Kracher, A. Mozharivskyj, Y. Misra, S. Canfield, P. C. TI Magnetic phase diagram of Ce2Fe17 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ITINERANT-ELECTRON-SYSTEMS; X-RAY DICHROISM; Y-FE COMPOUNDS; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; RARE-EARTH; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; SOLUTION GROWTH; SOLID-SOLUTIONS AB Rare-earth-based permanent-magnet materials rich in iron have relatively low ferromagnetic ordering temperatures. This is believed to be due to the presence of antiferromagnetic exchange interactions, besides the ferromagnetic interactions responsible for the magnetic order. The magnetic properties of Ce2Fe17 are anomalous. Instead of ferromagnetic, it is antiferromagnetic, and instead of one ordering temperature, it shows two, at the Neel temperature T-N similar to 208 K and at T-t similar to 124 K. Ce2Fe17, doped by 0.5% Ta, also shows two ordering temperatures, one to an antiferromagnetic phase, at T-N similar to 214 K, and one to a ferromagnetic phase, at T-0 similar to 75 K. In order to clarify this behavior, single-crystalline samples were prepared by solution growth and characterized by electron microscopy, single-crystal x-ray diffraction, temperature-dependent specific heat, and magnetic field and temperature-dependent electrical resistivity and magnetization. From these measurements, magnetic H-T phase diagrams were determined for both Ta-doped Ce2Fe17 and undoped Ce2Fe17. These phase diagrams can be very well described in terms of a theory that gives magnetic phase diagrams of systems with competing antiferro- and ferromagnetism. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. McMaster Univ, Dept Chem, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Janssen, Y (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 62 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 5 AR 054420 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.76.054420 PG 17 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AA UT WOS:000249155100091 ER PT J AU Jaramillo, E Sewell, TD Strachan, A AF Jaramillo, Eugenio Sewell, Thomas D. Strachan, Alejandro TI Atomic-level view of inelastic deformation in a shock loaded molecular crystal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BCC TRANSITION-METALS; OCTAHYDRO-1,3,5,7-TETRANITRO-1,3,5,7-TETRAZOCINE HMX; CYCLOTETRAMETHYLENE TETRANITRAMINE; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; DISLOCATIONS; STRENGTH; SHEAR; PLASTICITY AB We use molecular dynamics to characterize the atomic-level mechanisms of plastic deformation in an organic molecular crystal under dynamical loading, namely, alpha-octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine shocked in the [100] direction. Plasticity for weak shocks is governed by dislocations with Burgers vectors b=1/2 < 101 > gliding on {101} planes. As the shock strength is increased, we observe a gradual transition to a regime dominated by nanoscale shear bands that does not exhibit a preferred crystallographic slip and where the material becomes locally amorphous. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Jaramillo, E (reprint author), Texas A&M Int Univ, Dept Biol & Chem, Laredo, TX 78041 USA. EM sewell@lanl.gov; strachan@purdue.edu NR 32 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 4 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 6 AR 064112 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.064112 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AB UT WOS:000249155200027 ER PT J AU Jellison, GE Hunn, JD Lee, HN AF Jellison, G. E., Jr. Hunn, J. D. Lee, Ho Nyung TI Measurement of optical functions of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite in the visible SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED ELLIPSOMETRY; BAND STRUCTURE; ANISOTROPY; CONSTANTS AB The spectroscopic dielectric functions of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) are determined at nine different wavelengths from 405 to 750 nm (3.06-1.65 eV). This determination is made on the basis of two ellipsometry measurements: (1) Standard ellipsometry measurements are performed on HOPG with the c axis perpendicular to the sample surface, and (2) two-modulator generalized ellipsometry microscope (2-MGEM) measurements are performed on HOPG cut and polished such that the c axis is parallel to the sample surface. Both the ordinary and extraordinary complex dielectric functions show nonzero absorption throughout the observed spectral range, while the ordinary dielectric function shows Drude-like behavior at longer wavelengths. From this, it can be concluded that graphite is metallic for visible light polarized parallel to the graphene planes, but acts more as a semiconductor or semimetal for visible light polarized perpendicular to the graphene planes. The 2-MGEM technique can also be used to generate images of the diattenuation, retardation, and direction of the principal axis. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jellison, GE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Lee, Ho Nyung/K-2820-2012 OI Lee, Ho Nyung/0000-0002-2180-3975 NR 24 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 4 U2 34 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 8 AR 085125 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.085125 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AD UT WOS:000249155400037 ER PT J AU Kaneshita, E Martin, I Bishop, AR AF Kaneshita, E. Martin, I. Bishop, A. R. TI Commensurate-incommensurate transition and associated collective modes in the stripe state of cuprates near 1/8 hole-doping SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PEIERLS-HUBBARD MODEL; CHARGE; LA1.85SR0.15CUO4; ORDER AB We analyze the anomalous behavior in hole-doped cuprates near 1/8 doping in terms of the commensurate-incommensurate transition of a stripe phase. Based on an effective Ginzburg-Landau theory appropriate for weak pinning, we calculate the commensurate-incommensurate transition point and the energies of the phason and amplitudon collective modes. Using experimentally available parameters, we estimate the phason gap (pinning frequency), the conductivity, and the contribution of the phason mode to the dielectric function. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kaneshita, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 5 AR 054507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.054507 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AA UT WOS:000249155100131 ER PT J AU Khalifah, P Ohkubo, I Sales, BC Christen, HM Mandrus, D Cerne, J AF Khalifah, P. Ohkubo, I. Sales, B. C. Christen, H. M. Mandrus, D. Cerne, J. TI Composition dependence of the anomalous Hall effect in CaxSr1-xRuO3 films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; CARUO3 AB A series of 12 epitaxial films was grown across the entire range of the solid solution CaxSr1-xRuO3 in order to systematically examine the behavior of the anomalous Hall effect in this system. While all samples in this series are known from bulk studies to behave as Curie-Weiss paramagnets at high temperatures, samples with less than 70% Ca also order ferromagnetically with a maximal Curie temperature (T-C) of similar to 160 K for pure SrRuO3. Temperature (T) and magnetic field (H) dependent transport measurements were used in tandem with mean field simulations of sample magnetization (M) to track the composition and temperature dependence of the ordinary (R-o) and anomalous (R-s) parts of the Hall resistivity (rho(H)) in this system using the standard relation rho(H)=RoB+R(s)4 pi M. In the high-temperature Curie-Weiss paramagnetic regime, the only temperature dependence of the Hall resistivity comes from the anomalous portion, allowing the ordinary and anomalous contributions to rho(H) to be estimated via Curie-Weiss type fits. R-s was observed to be positive and nearly T independent at high temperatures (>200 K) and smoothly increased with increasing Ca content in this regime. In all ferromagnetic samples, R-s decreased significantly on cooling below T-C in response to magnetic ordering, actually changing sign for samples with <= 20% Ca. This behavior is consistent with a two-component behavior of R-s, with the two different regimes (above T-C and below T-C) resulting from substantial changes in the band structure of this itinerant ferromagnet on crossing T-C. The symmetric behavior of the anomalous Hall effect around the ferromagnetic -> paramagnetic quantum phase transition is perhaps an indicator of hidden magnetic order in CaRuO3. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, MSTD Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Chem, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. RP Khalifah, P (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RI Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014; OHKUBO, Isao/B-9553-2013 OI Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469; OHKUBO, Isao/0000-0002-4187-0112 NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 5 AR 054404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.054404 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AA UT WOS:000249155100075 ER PT J AU Klironomos, AD Meyer, JS Hikihara, T Matveev, KA AF Klironomos, A. D. Meyer, J. S. Hikihara, T. Matveev, K. A. TI Spin coupling in zigzag Wigner crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM POINT CONTACTS; NEAREST-NEIGHBOR INTERACTIONS; CONDUCTANCE QUANTIZATION; LINEAR CHAIN; EXCHANGE; WIRES; POLARIZATION; LATTICE AB We consider interacting electrons in a quantum wire in the case of a shallow confining potential and low electron density. In a certain range of densities, the electrons form a two-row (zigzag) Wigner crystal whose spin properties are determined by nearest and next-nearest neighbor exchange as well as by three- and four-particle ring exchange processes. The phase diagram of the resulting zigzag spin chain has regions of complete spin polarization and partial spin polarization in addition to a number of unpolarized phases, including antiferromagnetism and dimer order as well as a novel phase generated by the four-particle ring exchange. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Hokkaido Univ Sapporo, Dept Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. RP Klironomos, AD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Klironomos, Alexios/B-4153-2008; Hikihara, Toshiya/A-1771-2013; Meyer, Julia/G-4690-2016 OI Klironomos, Alexios/0000-0002-3577-1740; NR 58 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 7 AR 075302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.075302 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AC UT WOS:000249155300082 ER PT J AU Knoke, GT Niazi, A Hill, JM Johnston, DC AF Knoke, G. T. Niazi, A. Hill, J. M. Johnston, D. C. TI Synthesis, structure, and ferromagnetism of the oxygen defect pyrochlore system Lu2V2O7-x (x=0.40-0.65) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; SPIN-GLASS; BEHAVIOR; LIV2O4; OXIDE AB A fcc oxygen defect pyrochlore structure system Lu2V2O7-x with x=0.40-0.65 was synthesized from the known fcc ferromagnetic semiconductor pyrochlore compound Lu2V2O7 which can be written as Lu2V2O6O' with two inequivalent oxygen sites O and O-'. Rietveld x-ray diffraction refinements show significant Lu-V antisite disorder for x greater than or similar to 0.5. The lattice parameter versus x (including x=0) shows a distinct maximum at x similar to 0.4. We propose that these observations can be explained if the oxygen defects are on the O-' sublattice of the structure. The magnetic susceptibility versus temperature exhibits Curie-Weiss behavior above 150 K for all x, with a Curie constant C that increases with x as expected in an ionic model. However, the magnetization measurements also show that the (ferromagnetic) Weiss temperature theta and the ferromagnetic ordering temperature T-C both strongly decrease with increasing x instead of increasing as expected from C(x). The T-C decreases from 73 K for x=0 to 21 K for x=0.65. Furthermore, the saturation moment at a field of 5.5 T at 5 K is nearly independent of x, with the value expected for a fixed spin 1/2 per V. The latter three observations suggest that Lu2V2O7-x may contain localized spin 1/2 vanadium moments in a metallic background that is induced by oxygen defect doping, instead of being a semiconductor as suggested by the C(x) dependence. We present evidence of magnetic granularity in Lu2V2O7-x with increasing x, due to the random distribution of oxygen vacancies and associated Lu-V antisite mixing. For x=0.65, isothermal magnetization versus magnetic field M(H) and low-field M(T) measurements indicate the formation of interacting nanoscopic ferromagnetic domains below T-C. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Knoke, GT (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 27 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 5 AR 054439 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.054439 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AA UT WOS:000249155100110 ER PT J AU Kolesnikov, AI Antonov, VE Markushkin, YE Natkaniec, I Sakharov, MK AF Kolesnikov, A. I. Antonov, V. E. Markushkin, Yu. E. Natkaniec, I. Sakharov, M. K. TI Lattice dynamics of alpha-AlH3 and alpha-AlD3 by inelastic neutron scattering: High-energy band of optical bond-stretching vibrations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM-HYDRIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; DEFECT AB Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectra of trigonal alpha-AlH3 and alpha-AlD3 have been measured in a wide range (5-150 meV) of energy transfers with a much better statistical accuracy than previously using the inverted-geometry NERA-PR spectrometer at JINR, Dubna. The studied energy interval covers the range of low-frequency lattice vibrations and a broad band of optical H vibrations. By using a direct-geometry HRMECS spectrometer at ANL, Argonne, the AlH3 hydride was also examined by INS at energy transfers up to 315 meV in the regime of small momentum transfers. This significantly enhanced the contribution from the one-phonon neutron scattering and allowed an observation and accurate examination of one more, high-energy band of optical H vibrations predicted theoretically [C. Wolverton , Phys. Rev. B 69, 144109 (2004)]. Combining the obtained experimental data, the entire spectrum of phonon density of states was reconstructed for both alpha-AlH3 and alpha-AlD3. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow District, Russia. Bochvar All Russian Sci Res Inst Inorgan Mat, Moscow 123060, Russia. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Dubna 141980, Russia. H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. RP Kolesnikov, AI (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM akolesnikov@anl.gov RI Sakharov, Mikhail/A-2570-2010; Kolesnikov, Alexander/I-9015-2012 OI Kolesnikov, Alexander/0000-0003-1940-4649 NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 6 AR 064302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.064302 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AB UT WOS:000249155200047 ER PT J AU Koshelev, AE AF Koshelev, A. E. TI Electrodynamics of the Josephson vortex lattice in high-temperature superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PARALLEL MAGNETIC-FIELDS; COUPLED LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; INTERLAYER PHASE COHERENCE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL WHISKERS; PLASMA RESONANCE; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; SURFACE IMPEDANCE; MIXED-STATE; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; MODE AB We studied the response of the Josephson vortex lattice in layered superconductors to the high-frequency c-axis electric field. We found a simple relation connecting the dynamic dielectric constant with the perturbation of the superconducting phase, induced by oscillating electric field. Numerically solving equations for the oscillating phases, we computed the frequency dependences of the loss function at different magnetic fields, including regions of both dilute and dense Josephson vortex lattices. The overall behavior is mainly determined by the c-axis and in-plane dissipation parameters, which are inversely proportional to the anisotropy. The cases of weak and strong dissipations are realized in Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(x) and underdoped YBa(2)Cu(3)O(x), respectively. The main feature of the response is the Josephson-plasma-resonance peak. In the weak-dissipation case, additional satellites appear in the dilute regime in the higher-frequency region due to the excitation of the plasma modes with the wave vectors set by the lattice structure. In the dense-lattice limit, the plasma peak moves to a higher frequency, and its intensity rapidly decreases, in agreement with experiment and analytical theory. The behavior of the loss function at low frequencies is well described by the phenomenological theory of vortex oscillations. In the case of very strong in-plane dissipation, an additional peak in the loss function appears below the plasma frequency. Such peak has been observed experimentally in underdoped YBa(2)Cu(3)O(x). It is caused by the frequency dependence of the in-plane contribution to losses rather than a definite mode of phase oscillations. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Koshelev, AE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 56 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 5 AR 054525 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.054525 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AA UT WOS:000249155100149 ER PT J AU Kowalski, PM Mazevet, S Saumon, D Challacombe, M AF Kowalski, P. M. Mazevet, S. Saumon, D. Challacombe, M. TI Equation of state and optical properties of warm dense helium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INTERACTION-INDUCED POLARIZABILITY; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WHITE-DWARF ATMOSPHERES; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; EXACT-EXCHANGE; INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SHOCK COMPRESSION; FUNCTIONAL THEORY; GREENS-FUNCTION AB We investigate the physical properties of warm dense helium under the conditions found in the atmospheres of cool white dwarfs using both a chemical model and ab initio simulations. A chemical model is developed for the low-ionization limit that includes the species He, He+, He-2(+), and electrons, and interactions between them. The ab initio calculations consist in quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) simulations. We use the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to calculate the equation of state and the electrical and optical properties within the linear response theory. We further use an exact exchange hybrid (PBE0) density functional as well as the GW approximation to estimate the uncertainties on the electrical and optical properties resulting from the GGA approximation. While both the chemical model and the QMD simulations are in excellent agreement with the measured equation of state, a qualitative discrepancy exists with the measured conductivity. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rurh Univ Bochum, Lehrstuhl Theoret Chem, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. CEA, Dept Phys Theoret & Appl, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kowalski, PM (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RI Kowalski, Piotr/L-7411-2013 OI Kowalski, Piotr/0000-0001-6604-3458 NR 75 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 7 AR 075112 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.075112 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AC UT WOS:000249155300049 ER PT J AU Kreyssig, A Chang, S Janssen, Y Kim, JW Nandi, S Yan, JQ Tan, L McQueeney, RJ AF Kreyssig, A. Chang, S. Janssen, Y. Kim, J. W. Nandi, S. Yan, J. Q. Tan, L. McQueeney, R. J. TI Crystallographic phase transition within the magnetically ordered state of Ce2Fe17 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; RARE-EARTH; PRESSURE; SYSTEM; X=0 AB X-ray diffraction experiments were performed on polycrystalline and single-crystal specimens of Ce2Fe17 at temperatures between 10 and 300 K. Below T-t=118 +/- 2 K, additional weak superstructure reflections were observed in the antiferromagnetically ordered state. The superstructure can be described by a doubling of the chemical unit cell along the c direction in hexagonal notation with the same space group R(3) over bar m as the room-temperature structure. The additional antiferromagnetic satellite reflections observed in earlier neutron diffraction experiments can be conclusively related to the appearance of this superstructure. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kreyssig, A (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI McQueeney, Robert/A-2864-2016 OI McQueeney, Robert/0000-0003-0718-5602 NR 24 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2007 VL 76 IS 5 AR 054421 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.76.054421 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 206AA UT WOS:000249155100092 ER EF