FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT B AU Foster, CA Schechter, DE Willms, RS Dogruel, D Baylor, L AF Foster, C. A. Schechter, D. E. Willms, R. Scott Dogruel, David Baylor, Larry GP IEEE TI A continuous cryogenic diffusion pump for fusion reactors SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE vacuum; cryopump; fusion; tritium; helium; diffusion pump AB A pumping system designed to pump magnetic fusion reactors has been operated pumping deuterium, hydrogen and hydrogen-helium mixtures. A 500 mm bore liquid helium cooled "snail" cryocondensation pump was used to pump the hydrogen species. The snail pump is equipped with a unique regeneration head which continuously removes the hydrogen ice from the cryocondensation surfaces while the pump is in operation. The hydrogen ice is evaporated inside the snail head and pumped with a 500 m(3)/h roots blower. The snail cryopump is attached to a 500 mm bore x 3 m long liquid nitrogen cooled entrance duct. The "cold duct" provides several important functions of the pumping system, it: 1) provides the conduit between the diverter and the cryopump, 2) pre-cools the gases allowing the elimination of a restrictive entrance baffle, 3) reduces the molecular mean free path allowing the duct to operate in the fluid flow regime. The fluid flow regime increases conductance and allows compression of the helium stream by diffusive drag. With the large compression of the helium, it can be pumped with a conventional turbomolecular pump. The cryopump effectively strips the hydrogen species from the helium stream before it enters the turbomolecular pump. The pumping system thereby separates the hydrogen and helium streams. Mass flow controllers were used to inject the hydrogen (deuterium) and helium into a standard AVS test dome fitted with a capacitance manometer. Pure hydrogen was pumped at flow rates from 1.7 to 67.4 Pam(3)/s (the limit of the flow system) with the test dome pressure varying from 0.1 to 0.52 Pa, the effective pumping speed varied from 17 to 129 m(3)/s which is in good agreement with Poiseuille flow. Deuterium was pumped at rates up to 33.6 P am(3)/s, at 0.39 Pa, pumping speed 86 m(3)/s. Pure helium was pumped to 0.32 Pa m(3)/s at .49 Pa, pumping speed 0.67 m(3)/s. Hydrogen with 1% helium was pumped to 32.7 Pa m(3)/s at 0.52 Pa, effective pumping speed of both species was 63 m(3)/s. The helium compression varied from 31 up to 93 at the maximum flow. The flow was limited by the pumping capacity of the turbomolecular pumps. The design of the pumping systems, the test results and comparisons to fluid flow theory is presented. C1 [Foster, C. A.; Schechter, D. E.] Cryogen Appl F Inc, Clinton, TN 37716 USA. [Willms, R. Scott; Dogruel, David] LANL, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Baylor, Larry] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Foster, CA (reprint author), Cryogen Appl F Inc, Clinton, TN 37716 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 328 EP 331 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700074 ER PT B AU Lumia, M Gentile, C Timberlake, J AF Lumia, M. Gentile, C. Timberlake, J. GP IEEE TI Improving removable thin films used for the abatement and mitigation of beryllium SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB The use of removable thin films for the abatement of hazardous particulates has many advantages. The easy removal and securing of materials, such as, broken glass, lead, beryllium, uranium, and biological agents, to name a few. Removable thin films are designed to trap and fix in the film's matrix by adhesion. Thin films can be applied to an existing contaminated area to fix and capture the particulates for removal. The nature of the removable thin films, after sufficient cure time, is such that it can typically be removed as one continuous: entity. The removable thin films can be applied to almost any surface type with a high success rate of removal. C1 [Lumia, M.; Gentile, C.; Timberlake, J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lumia, M (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76CH03073] FX This work was funded by the United States Department of Energy contract number DE-AC02-76CH03073. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 336 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700076 ER PT B AU Migliori, S Frattolillo, A Combs, SK Baylor, LR Rovet, G Bornbarda, F Foust, R Fehling, DT McGill, JM Caughman, JBO Thomas, JC AF Migliori, S. Frattolillo, A. Combs, S. K. Baylor, L. R. Rovet, G. Bornbarda, F. Foust, R. Fehling, D. T. McGill, J. M. Caughman, J. B. O. Thomas, J. C. GP IEEE TI The compact, multiple barrel high speed pellet injector for the ignitor experiment SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE ignitor; pellet injector; high speedpellet injector ID ABLATION; PLASMA AB A four barrel, double stage pellet injector for the Ignitor experiment. is under construction in collaboration between the ENEA Laboratory at Frascati and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The goal is to reach pellet velocities up to 4 km/s. Innovative concepts at the basis of the injector design considerably reduce the requirements on the expansion volumes necessary to prevent the propulsion gas to reach the plasma chamber. The full four barrels, double stage gun and gas removal system have been built and tested, while the design and construction of the pellet injector vacuum chamber, cryogenic system, gun barrels and pellet diagnostics is underway at ORNL, where the final assembly and testing of the complete system will be carried out. C1 [Migliori, S.; Frattolillo, A.; Bornbarda, F.] CR Frascati, ENEA, Frascati, Italy. [Combs, S. K.; Foust, R.; Fehling, D. T.; McGill, J. M.; Caughman, J. B. O.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Rovet, G.] CRIOTEC IMPIANTI, Chivasso, Italy. [Bornbarda, F.; Thomas, J. C.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Migliori, S (reprint author), CR Frascati, ENEA, Frascati, Italy. RI Thomas, John/A-2764-2009; Caughman, John/R-4889-2016 OI Thomas, John/0000-0002-3162-0152; Caughman, John/0000-0002-0609-1164 FU ENEA of Italy; US DOE FX Work supported in part by ENEA of Italy and by the US DOE. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 338 EP 341 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700077 ER PT B AU McCarthy, KJ Combs, SK Baylor, LR Caughman, JBO Fehling, DT Foust, CR McGill, JM Carmona, JM Hidalgo, C Sedano, L Rasmussen, DA AF McCarthy, K. J. Combs, S. K. Baylor, L. R. Caughman, J. B. O. Fehling, D. T. Foust, C. R. McGill, J. M. Carmona, J. M. Hidalgo, C. Sedano, L. Rasmussen, D. A. GP IEEE TI A compact flexible pellet injector for the TJ-II stellarator SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE component; stellarator; diagnostics; pellets; fuelling; hydrogen ID TECHNOLOGY; SYSTEM AB A compact multi-barrel pellet injector system is being developed for the TJ-II stellarator. Its design is based on the system currently installed at the MST facility (Univ. Winconsin) and will provide maximum flexibility at minimal cost, while also allowing for future upgrades. It is a four-barrel system destined for use both as an active plasma diagnostic and as a plasma fueling source. In order to achieve both objectives it will be sufficiently flexible to allow frozen hydrogen pellets with diameters from 0.4 to 1 mm to be formed and accelerated to velocities between 100 and 1000 m s(-1). However, floor space restrictions and nearest-neighbor considerations limits the overall length to < 1.7 m (mechanical punch end to final guide tube interfaces). This will be done by redesigns of the MST gun barrel, vacuum coupling, gas dump and guide tube sectors. Finally, the system is completed by stand-alone instrumentation and controls, as well as LabView controlled gas manifolds. C1 [McCarthy, K. J.; Carmona, J. M.; Hidalgo, C.; Sedano, L.] CIEMAT, Lab Nacl Fus, Av Complutense 22, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Combs, S. K.; Baylor, L. R.; Caughman, J. B. O.; Fehling, D. T.; Foust, C. R.; McGill, J. M.; Rasmussen, D. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP McCarthy, KJ (reprint author), CIEMAT, Lab Nacl Fus, Av Complutense 22, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RI Caughman, John/R-4889-2016 OI Caughman, John/0000-0002-0609-1164 FU Instituto de Estudios de la Energia; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Educacion [FTN2004-04319] FX JMC is supported by a scholarship from the Instituto de Estudios de la Energia. This work is partially funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Educacion under Project FTN2004-04319. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 342 EP 345 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700078 ER PT B AU Combs, SK Baylor, LR Caughman, JBO Fehling, DT Foust, CR Maruyama, S McGilla, JM Rasmussen, DA AF Combs, S. K. Baylor, L. R. Caughman, J. B. O. Fehling, D. T. Foust, C. R. Maruyama, S. McGilla, J. M. Rasmussen, D. A. GP IEEE TI Experimental study of pellet delivery to the ITER inner wall through a curved guide tube at steady-state pressure SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE pellet injection; inner wall; curved guide tube; plasma; ITER ID HIGH-FIELD-SIDE; INJECTION TECHNOLOGY AB Injection of solid hydrogen pellets from the magnetic high-field side will be the primary technique for depositing fuel particles into the core of International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) burning plasmas. This injection scheme will require the use of a curved guide tube to route the pellets from the acceleration device, under the divertor, and to the inside wall launch location. In an initial series of pellet tests in support of ITER, single 5.3-mm-diam cylindrical D-2 pellets were shot through a mock-up of the planned ITER curved guide tube. Those data showed that the pellet speed had to be limited to approximate to 300 m/s for reliable delivery of intact pellets. Also, microwave cavity mass detectors located upstream and downstream of the test tube indicated that approximate to 10% of the pellet mass was lost in the guide tube at 300 m/s. The tube base pressure for that test series was approximate to 10(-4) torr. However, for steady-state pellet fueling on ITER, the guide tube will operate at an elevated pressure due to the pellet erosion in the tube. Assuming the present design values for ITER pellet fueling rates/vacuum pumping and a 10% pellet mass loss during flight in the tube, calculations suggest a steady-state operating pressure in the range of 10-20 torr. Thus, experiments to ascertain the pellet integrity and mass loss under these conditions have been carried out. Also, some limited test data were collected at a tube pressure of approximate to 100 torr. No significant detrimental effects have been observed at the higher tube pressures. The new test results are presented and compared to the baseline data previously reported. C1 [Combs, S. K.; Baylor, L. R.; Caughman, J. B. O.; Fehling, D. T.; Foust, C. R.; McGilla, J. M.; Rasmussen, D. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Maruyama, S.] ITER Intl Team, Garching Joint Work Site, Garching 85748, Germany. RP Combs, SK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Caughman, John/R-4889-2016 OI Caughman, John/0000-0002-0609-1164 FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory; LLC; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-000R22725] FX Research sponsored by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-000R22725 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 346 EP 349 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700079 ER PT B AU Baylor, LR Combs, SK Jernigan, TC Houlberg, WA Maruyama, S Owens, LW Parks, PB Rasmussen, DA AF Baylor, L. R. Combs, S. K. Jernigan, T. C. Houlberg, W. A. Maruyama, S. Owens, L. W. Parks, P. B. Rasmussen, D. A. GP IEEE TI Pellet fueling of ITER burning plasmas SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE pellet; fueling; ITER ID INJECTION AB Pellet injection, is the primary technique planned for fueling of ITER burning plasmas. Efficient fueling with D-T is a requirement for achieving high fusion gain and it cannot be achieved with gas fueling alone. Injection of pellets from the inner wall has been shown on present day tokamaks to provide efficient fueling and is planned for use on ITER. Modeling of the fueling deposition from inner wall pellet injection using the Parks ExB drift model indicates that pellets have the capability to fuel well inside the separatrix. Gas fueling calculations show very poor fueling efficiency due to the high density and wide scrape off layer. Isotopically mixed D-T pellets can provide efficient tritium fueling that will minimize tritium wall loading when compared to gas puffing. C1 [Baylor, L. R.; Combs, S. K.; Jernigan, T. C.; Houlberg, W. A.; Owens, L. W.; Rasmussen, D. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Maruyama, S.] ITER Cent Team, Garching, Germany. [Parks, P. B.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Baylor, LR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory; LLC; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-FG02-04ER54758] FX The authors wish to thank Dr. S.L. Milora for many useful discussions and support of this work. This work was supported by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed by UTBattelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 and also under contract DE-FG02-04ER54758. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 350 EP 353 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700080 ER PT B AU Soukhanovskii, VA Kugel, HW Kaita, R Roquemore, AL Bell, M Blanchard, W Bush, C Gemhardt, R Gettelfinger, G Gray, T Majeski, R Menard, J Provost, T Sichta, P Raman, R AF Soukhanovskii, V. A. Kugel, H. W. Kaita, R. Roquemore, A. L. Bell, M. Blanchard, W. Bush, C. Gemhardt, R. Gettelfinger, G. Gray, T. Majeski, R. Menard, J. Provost, T. Sichta, P. Raman, R. GP IEEE TI Supersonic gas injector for plasma fueling SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab ID MOLECULAR-BEAM INJECTION; HL-1M TOKAMAK; BEHAVIOR AB A supersonic gas injector (SGI) has been developed for fueling and diagnostic applications on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). It is comprised of a graphite converging-diverging Laval nozzle and a commercial piezoelectric gas valve mounted on a movable probe at a low field side midplane port location. Also mounted on the probe is a diagnostic package: a Langmuir probe, two thermocouples and five pick-up coils for measuring toroidal, radial, vertical magnetic field components and magnetic fluctuations at the location of the SGI tip. The SGI flow rate is up to 4 x 10(21) particles/s, comparable to conventional NSTX gas injectors. The nozzle operates in a pulsed regime at room temperature and a reservoir gas pressure up to 0.33 MPa. The deuterium jet Mach number of about 4, and the divergence half-angle of 5 degrees - 25 degrees have been measured in laboratory experiments simulating NSTX environment. In initial NSTX experiments reliable operation of the SGI and all mounted diagnostics at distances 1-20 cm from the plasma separatrix has been demonstrated. The SGI has been used for fueling of ohmic and 2-4 MW NBI heated L- and H-mode plasmas. Fueling efficiency in the range 0.1 - 0.3 has been obtained from the plasma,electron inventory analysis. C1 [Soukhanovskii, V. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Kugel, H. W.; Kaita, R.; Roquemore, A. L.; Blanchard, W.; Gemhardt, R.; Gettelfinger, G.; Gray, T.; Majeski, R.; Menard, J.; Provost, T.; Sichta, P.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [Bush, C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Raman, R.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA USA. RP Soukhanovskii, VA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. FU U.S. DoE [W-7405-Eng-48, DE-AC02-76CH03073] FX We thank T. Czeizinger, J. Desandro, R. Feder, J. Gething, L. Guttadora, J. Kukon, D. Labrie, T. Holoman, and J. Winston for technical support. Prof. A. J. Smits and Dr S. Zaidi (Princeton University) are acknowledged for the nozzle design. NSTX team is acknowledged for plasma, NBI and diagnostic operations. This work is supported by U.S. DoE under Contracts No. W-7405-Eng-48 and DE-AC02-76CH03073. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 354 EP 357 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700081 ER PT B AU Tsai, CC Gabriel, TA Haines, JR Rasmussen, DA AF Tsai, C. C. Gabriel, T. A. Haines, J. R. Rasmussen, D. A. GP IEEE TI Graphite sublimation tests for target development for the Muon Collider/Neutrino factory SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB Graphite sublimation tests have been conducted in a high-temperature oven, which is operated either in high vacuum or in an 1-atm cover gas of helium (or argon). Preliminary data of the sublimation rate of graphite foils at similar to 2400 K in vacuum are consistent with theoretical prediction. Additional tests of graphite rods (15 mm in diameter and 300 mm long) have been conducted in high vacuum and in cover gases of helium as well as argon. The sublimation mass lose rate at 2350 K is 1.7 mg/h for static argon cover gas (> 1 atm) and 0.78 mg/h for static helium cover gas. These values of sublimation mass loss rate for cover gas cases are lower than that of 5.8 mg/h in high vacuum. This unique approach of using cover gas to reduce sublimation rate could allow a robust radiatively cooled graphite target for the Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory as proposed in the conceptual design study. In this paper, the results of graphite sublimation tests, including the test setup and test procedure, are presented and discussed. C1 [Tsai, C. C.; Gabriel, T. A.; Haines, J. R.; Rasmussen, D. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS-6169, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tsai, CC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS-6169, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-000R22725] FX Research was sponsored by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-000R22725. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 377 EP 379 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700087 ER PT B AU Ebisawa, N Akino, N Grisham, L Hanada, M Honda, A Inoue, T Kawai, M Kazawa, M Kikuchi, K Komata, M Mogaki, K Noto, K Okano, F Ohga, T Oshima, K Takenouchi, T Tanai, Y Umeda, N Usui, K Yamazaki, H Yamamoto, T Ikeda, Y AF Ebisawa, N. Akino, N. Grisham, L. Hanada, M. Honda, A. Inoue, T. Kawai, M. Kazawa, M. Kikuchi, K. Komata, M. Mogaki, K. Noto, K. Okano, F. Ohga, T. Oshima, K. Takenouchi, T. Tanai, Y. Umeda, N. Usui, K. Yamazaki, H. Yamamoto, T. Ikeda, Y. GP IEEE TI Recent activities of negative ion based NBI system on JT-60U SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE negative ion; NBI; JT-60U; feedback control; filament; voltage holding; FRP AB The pulse duration of the negative ion based NBI system has been extended from 10 s to 25 s to study long pulse plasmas on JT-60U. A feedback control technique has been demonstrated to keep the are power constant by controlling the filament voltage for long pulse operation. Thus it was clearly observed that the negative ion beam current increased with the temperature of the plasma grid at constant arc power. A tapered filament is employed to improve its durability for the next operational campaign. Moreover, a high voltage holding test indicates that the reduction in the outgassing from the FRP (fiberglass-reinforced plastic) insulator may be a key to suppress the breakdowns in the ion source. C1 [Ebisawa, N.; Akino, N.; Hanada, M.; Honda, A.; Inoue, T.; Kawai, M.; Kazawa, M.; Kikuchi, K.; Komata, M.; Mogaki, K.; Noto, K.; Okano, F.; Ohga, T.; Oshima, K.; Takenouchi, T.; Tanai, Y.; Umeda, N.; Usui, K.; Yamazaki, H.; Yamamoto, T.; Ikeda, Y.] Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. [Grisham, L.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Ebisawa, N (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 401 EP 404 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700092 ER PT B AU Hosea, J Brunkhorst, C Fredd, E Goulding, RH Greenough, N Kung, C Rasmussen, DA Swain, DW Wilson, JR AF Hosea, J. Brunkhorst, C. Fredd, E. Goulding, R. H. Greenough, N. Kung, C. Rasmussen, D. A. Swain, D. W. Wilson, J. R. GP IEEE TI RF sources for the iter ion cyclotron heating and current drive system SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE ITER; ion cyclotron; source AB The RF source requirements for the ITER ion cyclotron (IC) heating and current drive system are very challenging - 20 MW CW power into an antenna load with a VSWR of up to 2 over the frequency range of 35 - 65 MHz. For the two present antenna designs under consideration, 8 sources providing 2.5 MW each are to be employed. For these sources, the outputs of two final power amplifiers (FPAs), using the high power CPI 4CM2500KG tube, are combined with a 1801 hybrid combiner to easily meet the ITER IC source requirements - 2.5 MW is supplied at a VSWR of 2 at similar to 70% of the maximum tube power available in class B operation. The cylindrical cavity configuration for the FPAs is quite compact so that the 8 combined sources fit into the space allocated at the ITER site with room to spare. The source configuration is described in detail and its projected operating power curves are presented. Although the CPI tube has been shown to be stable under high power operating conditions on many facilities, a test of the combined FPA source arrangement is in preparation using existing high power 30 MHz amplifiers to assure that this configuration can be made robustly stable for all phases at a VSWR up to 2. The possibility of using 12 sources to feed a suitably modified antenna design is also discussed in the context of providing flexibility for specifying the final IC antenna design. C1 [Hosea, J.; Brunkhorst, C.; Fredd, E.; Greenough, N.; Kung, C.; Wilson, J. R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Goulding, R. H.; Rasmussen, D. A.; Swain, D. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hosea, J (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM jhosea@pppl.gov FU Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory under DOE [DE-ACO2-76CH03073]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory under DOE [DE-AC05-000R22725] FX Work supported at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory under DOE Contract No. DE-ACO2-76CH03073 and at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory under DOE contract DE-AC05-000R22725. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 425 EP 428 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700098 ER PT B AU Kessel, CE Budny, RV Indireshkumar, K AF Kessel, C. E. Budny, R. V. Indireshkumar, K. GP IEEE TI Simulation and analysis of the hybrid operating mode in ITER SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab ID TOKAMAKS; TRANSPORT; STABILITY; REGIME; PLASMA AB The hybrid operating mode in ITER is examined with OD systems analysis, 1.5D discharge scenario simulations using TSC and TRANSP, and the ideal MHD stability is discussed. The hybrid mode has the potential to provide very long pulses and significant neutron fluence if the physics regime can be produced in ITER. This paper reports progress in establishing the physics basis and engineering limitation for the hybrid mode in ITER. C1 [Kessel, C. E.; Budny, R. V.; Indireshkumar, K.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08534 USA. RP Kessel, CE (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08534 USA. FU DOE [DE-AC02-76-CH03073] FX Supported DOE Contract DE-AC02-76-CH03073 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 429 EP 432 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700099 ER PT B AU Baity, FW Pinsker, RI Fredd, EH Greenough, NL Horton, AR Martin, WC AF Baity, F. W. Pinsker, R. I. Fredd, E. H. Greenough, N. L. Horton, A. R. Martin, W. C. GP IEEE TI Vulnerability of feedthroughs operated at a low-impedance point on DIII-D SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE DIII-D; RF heating; vacuum feedthrough; arc protection AB Two vacuum feedthrough ceramics failed in separate incidents on DIII-D when operating at high power with the feedthrough near a low-voltage point in the transmission line. In each case a sustained arc in the feedthrough was not detected by the arc protection circuit because the impedance seen by directional couplers upstream was nearly the same as that observed with no arc. A different are detection methodology is needed when operating with the vacuum feedthrough at a low-voltage point than the more usual situation with the vacuum feedthrough at high-voltage. C1 [Baity, F. W.; Pinsker, R. I.; Fredd, E. H.; Greenough, N. L.; Horton, A. R.; Martin, W. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS-6169, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Pinsker, R. I.; Martin, W. C.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA USA. [Fredd, E. H.; Greenough, N. L.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Baity, FW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS-6169, Oak Ridge, TN USA. FU U.S. Dept . of Energy under contract [DE-AC05-000R22725] FX Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Dept. of Energy under contract DE-AC05-000R22725. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 437 EP 440 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700101 ER PT B AU Terry, DR Parker, R Liptac, J Kanojia, A Johnson, D Koert, P Wallace, G Beals, D Vieira, R Basse, N Wukitch, S Burke, W Beck, W Grimes, M Gwinn, D Bernabei, S Greenough, N Wilson, JR AF Terry, D. R. Parker, R. Liptac, J. Kanojia, A. Johnson, D. Koert, P. Wallace, G. Beals, D. Vieira, R. Basse, N. Wukitch, S. Burke, W. Beck, W. Grimes, M. Gwinn, D. Bernabei, S. Greenough, N. Wilson, J. R. GP IEEE TI Commissioning of the lower hybrid current drive system on alcator C-mod SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB A Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD) system has been developed for current profile control of advanced tokamak experiments on Alcator C-Mod. LHCD along with Ion Cyclotron Radio Frequency (ICRF) heating will be used to develop regimes with high confinement, high beta(n) and high bootstrap fraction and extend them to quasi-steady-state conditions. This paper will describe the commissioning and initial operation of the LHCD system that includes a 50kV, 208A pulsed-power supply, twelve 250kW Klystron transmitters, a 96 waveguide launcher and required control, protection and data acquisition systems. C1 [Terry, D. R.; Parker, R.; Liptac, J.; Kanojia, A.; Johnson, D.; Koert, P.; Wallace, G.; Beals, D.; Vieira, R.; Basse, N.; Wukitch, S.; Burke, W.; Beck, W.; Grimes, M.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Grimes, M.] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA USA. [Gwinn, D.] Bagley Assoc, Lowell, MA USA. [Bernabei, S.; Greenough, N.; Wilson, J. R.] PPPL, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Terry, DR (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. FU U.S. DOE Cooperative [DE-FC02-99ER54512] FX Work is funded by U.S. DOE Cooperative Grant No. DE-FC02-99ER54512. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 448 EP 451 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700104 ER PT B AU Mueller, D Bell, MG Chrzanowski, J Gates, D Menard, J Raman, R Jarboe, TR Nelson, BA Maqueda, RJ Schaffer, MJ AF Mueller, D. Bell, M. G. Chrzanowski, J. Gates, D. Menard, J. Raman, R. Jarboe, T. R. Nelson, B. A. Maqueda, R. J. Schaffer, M. J. GP IEEE TI Design, installation and performance of the new insulator for NSTX CHI experiments SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE Coaxial Helicity Injection; Spherical Torus ID COAXIAL HELICITY INJECTION; SPHERICAL TORUS; CURRENT DRIVE; SUSTAINMENT; TOKAMAK AB Coaxial Helicity Injection (CHI), a non-inductive method to initiate plasma and generate toroidal plasma current, is being investigated in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). The center stack and outer vacuum vessel are separated by insulating gaps at the top and bottom of the slim central column so that a high voltage (up to 2 kV) can be applied between them from a pulsed power supply or a capacitor bank to initiate an arc discharge. In the presence of a suitable poloidal magnetic field, the discharge is initiated at the lower gap (the injector gap) and because of the strong toroidal field develops a helical structure resulting in substantial toroidal plasma current being driven. In NSTX, up to 390 kA of toroidal current has been generated for an injected current of 25 kA. The early investigations of CHI however frequently developed arcs across the insulator at the top of the machine (the absorber gap), which terminated the desired discharge. This arcing greatly restricted the operational space available for CHI studies. During 2002, the absorber region was modified to suppress these arcs. The new design includes a new ceramic insulator on the high field side of the absorber region with a much longer tracking distance between conducting elements at the different potentials. Furthermore, two new coils were installed near the absorber to provide the ability to minimize the poloidal field connecting the center stack and outer vacuum vessel. During the subsequent experimental campaign, CHI operation was less prone to arcing in the absorber and those arcs that did occur did not terminate the main discharge. C1 [Mueller, D.; Bell, M. G.; Chrzanowski, J.; Gates, D.; Menard, J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Raman, R.; Jarboe, T. R.; Nelson, B. A.] Univ Washington, Washington, DC USA. [Maqueda, R. J.] Nova Photon, Princeton, NJ USA. [Schaffer, M. J.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA USA. RP Mueller, D (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 460 EP 463 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700107 ER PT B AU Ku, LP AF Ku, L. P. CA ARIES-CS Team GP IEEE TI Reactor configuration development for ARIES-CS SO 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE stellarator; quasi-axisymmetry; fusion reactor; low aspect ratio; equilibrium flux surfaces ID STELLARATORS; TRANSPORT AB New compact, quasi-axially symmetric stellarator configurations have been developed as part of the ARIES-CS reactor studies. These new configurations have good plasma confinement and transport properties, including low losses of alpha particles and good integrity of flux surfaces at high beta. We summarize the recent progress by showcasing two attractive classes of configurations - configurations with judiciously chosen rotational transforms to avoid undesirable effects of low order resonances on the flux surface integrity and configurations with very small aspect ratios (similar to 2.5) that have excellent quasi-axisymmetry and low field ripples. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Ku, LP (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 468 EP 471 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700109 ER PT B AU Ku, LP AF Ku, L. P. CA ARIES-CS Team GP IEEE TI Modular coil design for the ultra-low aspect ratio quasi-axially symmetric stellarator MHH2 SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE stellarator; quasi-axisymmetry; fusion reactor; low aspect ratio; coil design ID TRANSPORT AB A family of two field-period quasi-axisymmetric stellarators generally known as MHH2 with aspect ratios of only similar to 2.5 was found. These configurations have low field ripples and excellent confinement of alpha particles. This discovery raises the hope that a compact stellarator reactor may eventually be designed with the property of tokamak transport and stellarator stability. In this paper we demonstrate that smooth modular coils may be designed for this family of configurations that not only yield plasmas with good physics properties but also possess engineering properties desirable for compact power producing reactors. We show designs featuring 16 modular coils with ratios of major radius to minimum coil-plasma separation similar to 5.5, major radius to minimum coil-coil separation similar to 10 and the maximum field in coil bodies to the field on axis similar to 2 for 0.2 m(2) conductors. These coils is expected to allow plasmas operated at 5% beta with alpha energy loss < 10% for a reactor of major radius < 9 in at 5 T. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Ku, LP (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 472 EP 475 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700110 ER PT B AU Modesto, MA Morrow, CW Lindgren, ER Vigil, VL AF Modesto, M. A. Morrow, C. W. Lindgren, E. R. Vigil, V. L. GP IEEE TI Thermohydraulic analysis of the Z-pinch power plant primary cycle SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB In this paper, we investigate the thermohydraulic characteristics of the Z-Pinch Power Plant (ZIFE) primary cycle. The generation of electric energy using a power cycle is possible only if a minimum operating temperature is achieved and maintained in the primary cycle. Many energy losses are associated with the operation of the primary cycle. These thermal and pressure losses have a direct impact on the development of the Concentrated Thermal Energy Source (CTES) temperature profile. It also affects the component performance and the net electric energy generation. The effect of some important thermal and pressure losses is evaluated and their impact on the CTES temperature profile is estimated. The energy losses are grouped and presented as a percent of the total energy input. The temperature profile is modeled using two different approaches. The results of these models are used to determine the time needed to reach steady state conditions. The major components of the primary cycle are: the CTES, the main heat exchanger (MHX), and the piping system. Lithium is a required component of the liquid wall for breeding the tritium fuel required to sustain the process. In this study Flibe is selected to serve as the heat transport media. Flibe is a 2:1 mixture of the salts lithium fluoride (LiF) and beryllium fluoride (BeF2). Thermohydraulic analyses were performed for each component. The outcome of the two models can be used as two limiting cases to establish the correct time to start the energy generation. These preliminary results serve as the basis for future research toward the development of a general thermohydraulic model of the ZIFE power plant. C1 [Modesto, M. A.; Morrow, C. W.; Lindgren, E. R.; Vigil, V. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0748, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Modesto, MA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0748, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mamodes@sandia.govy FU Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 492 EP 495 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700115 ER PT B AU Johnson, D Young, KM Boivin, R Allen, S Costley, A Walker, C AF Johnson, David Young, Kenneth M. Boivin, Rejean Allen, Steve Costley, Alan Walker, Chris GP IEEE TI The US role in ITER diagnostics SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE ITER; diagnostics AB There are similar to 40 specialized diagnostics planned to measure the many plasma parameters needed for research on ITER. The US played a key role in this planning effort and is gearing up to play a major role in providing these systems. This paper gives a brief status of diagnostic planning for ITER and summarizes the challenges posed by the ITER environment. It then describes the 16% of the ITER diagnostic hardware provisionally allocated for development in the US, and explains key elements of that development. C1 [Johnson, David; Young, Kenneth M.] PPPL, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Boivin, Rejean] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA USA. [Allen, Steve] LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. [Costley, Alan; Walker, Chris] ITER Int Team, Naka, Ibaraki, Japan. [Costley, Alan; Walker, Chris] ITER Int Team, Garching, Germany. RP Johnson, D (reprint author), PPPL, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 500 EP 505 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700117 ER PT B AU Nishino, N Kaita, R Roquemore, L Maqueda, R Zweben, S Bush, C Johnson, D Kugel, H Maingi, R Soukhanovskii, V AF Nishino, N. Kaita, R. Roquemore, L. Maqueda, R. Zweben, S. Bush, C. Johnson, D. Kugel, H. Maingi, R. Soukhanovskii, V. CA NSTX Team GP IEEE TI NSTX boundary plasma measurement by fast camera and interpretations SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE keywords-component; NSTX; fast camera; ELM; edge turbulence; filament; fluctuation; ITER relevant ID H-MODE PEDESTAL; EDGE-LOCALIZED MODES; BALLOONING MODES; ELMS; TOKAMAK; STABILITY AB Edge localized modes (ELMs), edge turbulence and other fluctuations in the edge region of NSTX plasma are observed by fast cameras. ELMs categorized as Type 1, 111, and V are found in NSTX and other MARFE-like activity is seen near the center stack in double null plasmas. Edge turbulence filaments are almost always found in NSTX. An interpretation of ELM images, which shows a complex ELMs structure, is presented. C1 [Nishino, N.] Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. [Kaita, R.; Roquemore, L.; Zweben, S.; Johnson, D.; Kugel, H.] PPPL, Princeton, NJ USA. [Maqueda, R.] Nova Photon, Princeton, NJ USA. [Bush, C.; Maingi, R.] ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Soukhanovskii, V.] LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. RP Nishino, N (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. FU DOE; MEXT FX N.N. truly appreciate the support of DOE and MEXT. The authors acknowledge other collaborators of PPPL, ORNL, LLNL, DIII-D, LANL, Nova Photonics, Tokyo Univ., Hyogo Univ., Kyushu Univ., Kyoto Univ. Tsukuba Univ. and NIFS. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 511 EP 516 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700119 ER PT B AU Feder, R Ellis, R Johnson, D Park, H Lee, HG AF Feder, R. Ellis, R. Johnson, D. Park, H. Lee, H. G. GP IEEE TI Conceptual design studies of the KSTAR Bay-Nm cassette and Thomson Scattering optics SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB A Multi-Channel Thomson Scattering System viewing the edge and core of the KSTAR plasma will be installed at the midplane port Bay-N. An engineering design study was undertaken at PPPL in collaboration with the Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) to determine the optimal optics and cassette design. Design criteria included environmental, mechanical and optical factors. All of the optical design options have common design features; the Thomson Scattering laser, an in-vacuum shutter, a quartz heat shield and primary vacuum window, a set of optical elements and a fiber optic bundle. Neutron radiation damage was a major factor in the choice of competing lens-based and mirror-based optical designs. Both the mirror based design and the lens design are constrained by physical limits of the Bay-N cassette and interference with the Bay-N micro-wave launcher. The cassette will contain the optics and a rail system for maintenance of the optics. C1 [Feder, R.; Ellis, R.; Johnson, D.; Park, H.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Lee, H. G.] Korea Basic Sci Inst, Natl Fus R&D Ctr, Taejon 30533, South Korea. RP Feder, R (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. FU Korean Basic Science Institute; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073] FX The collaboration between Princeton Plasma Physics and the KSTAR team has been a fruitful experience for the authors. Dr. H.G. Lee from the Korean Basic Science Institute has been a patient and gracious sponsor for the Thomson Scattering diagnostic and cassette design. This project is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 540 EP 543 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700126 ER PT B AU Feder, R Mazzucato, E Munsat, T Park, H Smith, DR Ellis, R Labik, G Priniski, C AF Feder, R. Mazzucato, E. Munsat, T. Park, H. Smith, D. R. Ellis, R. Labik, G. Priniski, C. GP IEEE TI Mechanical design of the NSTX High-k Scattering Diagnostic SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB The NSTX High-k Scattering Diagnostic measures small-scale density fluctuations by the heterodyne detection of waves scattered from a millimeter wave probe beam at 280 GHz and gimel=1.07 mm To enable this measurement, major alterations were made to the NSTX vacuum vessel and Neutral Beam armor. Close collaboration between the PPPL physics and engineering staff resulted in a flexible system with steerable launch and detection optics that can position the scattering volume either near the magnetic axis (p approximate to .1) or near the edge (p approximate to .8). 150 feet of carefully aligned corrugated waveguide was installed for injection of the probe beam and collection of the scattered signal in to the detection electronics. C1 [Feder, R.; Mazzucato, E.; Munsat, T.; Park, H.; Smith, D. R.; Ellis, R.; Labik, G.; Priniski, C.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Feder, R (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073] FX The High-k Scattering installation involved staff from almost every department at PPPL. Personnel in Procurement, Quality Assurance, Health Physics and Accounting provided valuable assistance. The installation would not have been possible without the efforts of PPPL machinists, welders, vacuum technicians and electricians. This project is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 544 EP 547 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700127 ER PT B AU DePasquale, S Greenough, N AF DePasquale, S. Greenough, N. GP IEEE TI Spectral analysis and archival of NSTX data using a high speed digitizer SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB Digitally speaking, things have sped up considerably since the introduction of CAMAC in 1969. Although CAMAC is still very much alive and well as a workhorse in the physics research laboratory community, more and more physicists and engineers have been turning to commercially available, computer-based digitizers for their sampling needs. Increases in sampling rates and bandwidth have allowed us to use one such digitizer in acquiring National Spherical Taurus (NSTX) data here at PPPL. This paper will highlight some of the engineering design techniques employed in putting this card to use. C1 [DePasquale, S.; Greenough, N.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP DePasquale, S (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. FU US DOE [DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073] FX Work supported by US DOE, Contract DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 548 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700128 ER PT B AU Sichta, P Dong, J Lawson, JE Oliaro, G Wertenbaker, J AF Sichta, P. Dong, J. Lawson, J. E. Oliaro, G. Wertenbaker, J. GP IEEE TI Development of a Universal Networked Timer at NSTX SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE data acquisition; network; timing AB A new Timing and Synchronization System component, the Universal Networked Timer (UNT), is under development at the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). The UNT is a second generation multifunction timing device that emulates the timing functionality and electrical interfaces originally provided by various CAMAC modules. The UNT features Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology which allows each of its eight channels to be dynamically programmed to emulate a specific type of CAMAC module. The timer is compatible with the existing NSTX clock system but will also support a (future) clock system with extended performance. To assist system designers and collaborators, software will be written to integrate the UNT with EPICS, MDSplus, and LabVIEW. This paper will describe the timing capabilities, hardware design, programming/software support, and the current status of the Universal Networked Timer at NSTX. C1 [Sichta, P.; Dong, J.; Lawson, J. E.; Oliaro, G.; Wertenbaker, J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Sichta, P (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. FU US Department of Energy by Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory [DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073] FX Work performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 550 EP 553 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700129 ER PT B AU Kung, CC Kramer, GJ Johnson, E Solomon, W Nazikian, R AF Kung, C. C. Kramer, G. J. Johnson, E. Solomon, W. Nazikian, R. GP IEEE TI Circuit design to stabilize the reflectometer local oscillator signals SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab ID FUSION PLASMAS; TOKAMAK AB Reflectometry, which uses the microwave radar technique to probe the magnetically confined fusion plasmas, is a very powerful tool to observe the density fluctuations in the fusion plasmas. Typically, two or more microwave beams of different frequencies are used to study the plasma density fluctuations. The frequency separation between these two beams of the PPPL designed reflectometer system upgrade on the DIII-D tokamak can be varied over 18 GHz. Due to the performance of the associated electronics, the local oscillator (LO) power level at the LO port of the I/Q demodulator suffers more than 12 dB of power fluctuations when the frequency separation is varied. Thus, the I/Q demodulator performance is impaired. In order to correct this problem, a power leveling circuit is introduced in the PPPL upgrade. According to the test results, the LO power fluctuation was regulated to be within 1 dB for greater than 16 dB of input power variation over the full dynamic bandwidth of the receiver. C1 [Kung, C. C.; Kramer, G. J.; Johnson, E.; Solomon, W.; Nazikian, R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kung, CC (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. FU US DOE [DE-AC02-76CH03073]; US DOE Cooperative [DE-FC02-99ER54512] FX Work supported by US DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03073 and US DOE Cooperative Agreement DE-FC02-99ER54512 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 554 EP 557 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700130 ER PT B AU Jernigan, TC Baylor, LA Combs, SK Humphreys, DA Parks, PB Wesley, JC AF Jernigan, T. C. Baylor, L. A. Combs, S. K. Humphreys, D. A. Parks, P. B. Wesley, J. C. GP IEEE TI Massive gas injection systems for disruption mitigation on the DIII-D tokamak SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab ID VALVE AB Injection of massive quantities of deuterium or noble gases (> 10(22) molecules) has proven to be very effective at mitigating the deleterious effects of disruptions in the DIII-D tokamak [1,2]. Both the heat load to the divertor and the halo current forces to the first wall were reduced by more than a factor of four. Total electron densities (free and bound) of similar to 10(21) m(-3) have been achieved, close to densities required to prevent avalanche multiplication of runaway electron currents during the fast plasma current ramp down that injection produces. Two gas injection configurations used in experiments in the period 2001-2005 will be described. Both configurations use a fast operating (open/close similar to 0.5 ms) solenoid valve [3] with an orifice diameter of 4 mm. The maximum flow rate in helium is 5 x 10(4) Pa m(3)/s at a reservoir pressure of 7 MPa. A new valve [4] with an orifice diameter of 20 mm will be tested when DIII-D resumes operation in 2006. The new valve, with a theoretical flow of 25 times the original valve, has flow capabilities that approach those required for ITER. Calculations show that a set of four such valves can reach the no-avalanche density in ITER in similar to 0.25 t(CQ) where t(CQ), similar to 30 ms, is the 'fastest-possible' plasma current quench time. While there are still-open questions about the mechanisms whereby injected neutral gas and free and bound electrons penetrate (or are mixed) into the core of a high-temperature plasma, it is clear that massive gas injection can easily and reliably provide sufficient mass flow to minimize disruption damage in large reactor-scale tokamaks. The relatively long current decay times inherent in such devices will make it feasible for injection valves to be located external to the blanket modules, in regions of relatively low magnetic field. It will be necessary, however, to provide a relatively high-conductance 'injection tube' path from the valve to the plasma surface. Trade offs of many system design factors including gas flow rise time, neutron streaming and damage to the valve seat and actuator and valve and driver reliability and in-situ maintainability will have to be made to determine the most suitable configuration. The principal open physics question is what is the mixing mechanism which transports the impurities to the plasma interior and how fast and effective will it be in a reactor-scale plasma. C1 [Jernigan, T. C.; Baylor, L. A.; Combs, S. K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS-6169, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Humphreys, D. A.; Parks, P. B.; Wesley, J. C.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Jernigan, TC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS-6169, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FC02-04ER54698] FX This work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under DE-FC02-04ER54698. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 567 EP 569 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700133 ER PT B AU Ramakrishnan, S Neumeyer, C Marsala, R Hatcher, R Baker, E AF Ramakrishnan, S. Neumeyer, C. Marsala, R. Hatcher, R. Baker, E. GP IEEE TI Power supply for NSTX resistive wall mode coils SO 21ST IEEE/NPSS SYMPOSIUM ON FUSION ENGINEERING - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) has been designed and installed in the existing facilities at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL). Most of the hardware, plant facilities, auxiliary sub-systems, and power systems originally used for the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) have been used with suitable modifications to reflect NSTX needs. Until 2004, the NSTX power system was feeding twelve (12) circuits in the machine. In 2004, Resistive Wall Mode (RWM) Coils were installed in the machine to suppress resistive wall modes and to correct error fields. There are six of these coils installed around the machine on the mid-plane. Since these coils need fast and accurate controls, a Switching Power Amplifier (SPA) has been procured, installed and commissioned along with other circuit components. One of the existing thyristor rectifiers is used as the DC source to the SPA. The controls for the RWM have been integrated into the overall computer control of the DC power systems for NSTX. This paper describes the RWM power supply for NSTX. C1 [Ramakrishnan, S.; Neumeyer, C.; Marsala, R.; Hatcher, R.; Baker, E.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Ramakrishnan, S (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. FU USDOE [DE-AC02-76-CH03073] FX Work Supported by USDOE Contract #DE-AC02-76-CH03073. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 602 EP 605 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700142 ER PT B AU Camp, R AF Camp, R. GP IEEE TI Electrical safety and arc flash protection SO 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering - SOFE 05 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering CY SEP 26-29, 2005 CL Knoxville, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB Over the past four years, the Electrical Safety Program at PPPL has evolved in addressing changing regulatory requirements and lessons learned from accident events, particularly in regards to are flash hazards and implementing NFPA 70E requirements. This presentation will discuss PPPL's approaches to the areas of electrical hazards evaluation, both shock and are flash; engineered solutions for hazards mitigation such as remote racking of medium voltage breakers, operational changes for hazards avoidance, targeted personnel training and hazard appropriate personal protective equipment. Practical solutions for nominal voltage identification and zero voltage checks for iockout/tagout will also be covered. Finally, we will review the value of a comprehensive electrical drawing program, employee attitudes expressed as a personal safety work ethic, integrated safety management, and sustained management support for continuous safety improvement. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Camp, R (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 1-4244-0149-6 PY 2006 BP 638 EP 640 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BFD55 UT WOS:000241188700151 ER PT S AU Yan, GH Eidenbenz, S AF Yan, Guanhua Eidenbenz, Stephan BE Wener, B TI Bluetooth worms: Models, dynamics, and defense implications SO 22ND ANNUAL COMPUTER SECURITY APPLICATIONS CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS SE Annual Computer Security Applications Conference - Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference CY DEC 11-15, 2006 CL Miami Beach, FL SP IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE AB Recent occurrences of mobile worms like Cabir, Mabir and CommWarrior have created growing concerns over the security of data stored on mobile devices such as cell phones and PDAs. These worms have in common that they all use Bluetoothicommunication as their infection channel. In order to prepare effective defense strategies against such worms, we study, the nature, characteristics, and spreading dynamics of Bluetooth worms in the safe environment of simulation. Our key findings are: (i) Mobility may not boost the Bluetooth worm propagation; instead, link instability owing to it-,has negative impact on the worm spreading speed; (ii) The inherent capacity constraints imposed by the wireless channel (e.g. interference) and the specifics of the Bluetooth protocol, can significantly slow down the Bluetooth worm propagation; (iii) Intelligently designed wor7ns can improve their propagation speed to a noticeable degree by strategically selecting worm model parameters or exploiting out-of-band propagation capabilities. C1 [Yan, Guanhua; Eidenbenz, Stephan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS-5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yan, GH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS-5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ghyan@lanl.gov; eidenben@lanl.gov NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1063-9527 BN 978-0-7695-2716-1 J9 ANN COMPUT SECURITY PY 2006 BP 245 EP + DI 10.1109/ACSAC.2006.18 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BFS19 UT WOS:000244223600022 ER PT S AU Gorinsky, S Rao, NSV AF Gorinsky, Sergey Rao, Nageswara S. V. GP IEEE TI Dedicated channels as an optimal network support for effective transfer of massive data SO 25TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1-7, PROCEEDINGS IEEE INFOCOM 2006 SE IEEE INFOCOM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE INFOCOM 2006 Conference/25th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications CY APR 23-29, 2006 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP IEEE, Natl Sci Fdn, US DOE, ENext, Microsoft Res, Nokia, intel, Telefonica, IBM, Google, Minist Educ & Ciencia, i2cat, Univ Politecn Catalunya, Fdn Barcelona Digital, Turisme Barcelona, DURSI, Generalitat Catalunya AB Instantaneous Fair Sharing (IFS) is a traditional network ideal prescribing to share the network capacity among competing applications fairly during any infinitesimal time interval. In this paper, we argue that IFS is an inappropriate ideal for the application of massive data transfers where the primary goal is to minimize message transfer times. We propose an alternative paradigm of Virtual Finish Time First (ViFi) scheduling that dedicates the entire capacity to one message at a time in the order of message finish times under IFS. Unlike Shortest Remaining Time First and other earlier algorithms for dedicated scheduling, ViFi provides a remarkable guarantee of delivering each message no later than under IFS. Our analysis and simulations show the dedicated ViFi scheduling offers significant reductions in the average transfer time. The above properties make ViFi a promising approach for resource allocation in emerging dedicated-channel networks that enable advance reservation of end-to-end channels between hosts. C1 [Gorinsky, Sergey] Washington Univ, Dept CSE, Appl Res Lab, 1 Brookings Dr,Campus Box 1045, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Rao, Nageswara S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Com Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gorinsky, S (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept CSE, Appl Res Lab, 1 Brookings Dr,Campus Box 1045, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM gorinsky@wustl.edu; raons@ornl.gov FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; DARPA [MIPR K153]; NSF [ANI-0229969, ANI-0335185] FX This research was made possible at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by funds provided by the U.S. DOE (contract DE-AC05-00OR22725), DARPA (MIPR K153), and NSF (grants ANI-0229969 and ANI-0335185). The author at Washington University in St. Louis is thankful to Christoph Jechlitschek, Maxim Podlesny, and Manfred Georg for their assistance and discussions NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-166X BN 978-1-4244-0221-2 J9 IEEE INFOCOM SER PY 2006 BP 3012 EP 3016 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIG95 UT WOS:000259418001120 ER PT S AU Rao, NSV Wu, QS Ding, S Carter, SM Wing, WR Banerjee, A Ghosal, D Mukherjee, B AF Rao, Nageswara S. V. Wu, Qishi Ding, Song Carter, Steven M. Wing, William R. Banerjee, Amitabha Ghosal, Dipak Mukherjee, Biswanath GP IEEE TI Control plane for advance bandwidth scheduling in ultra high-speed networks SO 25TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1-7, PROCEEDINGS IEEE INFOCOM 2006 SE IEEE INFOCOM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE INFOCOM 2006 Conference/25th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications CY APR 23-29, 2006 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP IEEE, Natl Sci Fdn, US DOE, ENext, Microsoft Res, Nokia, intel, Telefonica, IBM, Google, Minist Educ & Ciencia, i2cat, Univ Politecn Catalunya, Fdn Barcelona Digital, Turisme Barcelona, DURSI, Generalitat Catalunya AB A control-plane architecture for supporting advance reservation of dedicated bandwidth channels on a switched network infrastructure is described including the front-end web interface, user and token management scheme, bandwidth scheduler, and signaling daemon. A path computation algorithm for bandwidth scheduling is proposed based on an extension of Bellman-Ford algorithm to an algebraic structure on sequences of disjoint non-negative real intervals. An implementation of this architecture for UltraScience Net is briefly described. C1 [Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Wu, Qishi; Ding, Song; Carter, Steven M.; Wing, William R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Banerjee, Amitabha; Ghosal, Dipak; Mukherjee, Biswanath] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Rao, NSV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU High Performance Networking Program of the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC; Defense Advanced Projects Research Agency under MIPR [K153]; National Science Foundation [ANI-0229969, ANI-0335185] FX This research is sponsored by the High Performance Networking Program of the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC, the Defense Advanced Projects Research Agency under MIPR No. K153, and by National Science Foundation Under Grants No. ANI-0229969 and No. ANI-0335185. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-166X BN 978-1-4244-0221-2 J9 IEEE INFOCOM SER PY 2006 BP 3072 EP 3076 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIG95 UT WOS:000259418001133 ER PT S AU Poirot, PE Ren, SP Nogiec, J Tsai, J AF Poirot, Pierre-Etienne Ren, Shangping Nogiec, Jerzy Tsai, Jeffrey GP IEEE COMPUTER SOC TI Separating functional and non-functional concerns through coordination:an application to reliability SO 30TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL COMPUTER SOFTWARE AND APPLICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOL 2, SHORT PAPERS/WORKSHOPS/FAST ABSTRACTS/DOCTORAL SYMPOSIUM, PROCEEDINGS SE Proceedings International Computer Software and Applications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2006 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE Comp Soc AB This paper presents a software architecture that ensures system dependability through external coordination. Under this architecture, a distributed system is decomposed into two types of entities, i.e., computational components and coordinators. The system's computational functionalities; are carried out by computational components, whereas coordinators are to coordinate these computational components to respect the system's non-functional requirements, such as reliability constraints. Coordination in the system is done implicitly through intercepting, rerouting and suppressing communications between components. Additionally, roles are introduced into the system to bridge the connection between components and coordinators. Roles abstract the non-functional behaviors shared by computational components. Thus role-based coordination is more scalable than individual component-based coordination. Additionally, the dynamicity of components is concealed from the coordinators by the roles. A proof of concept implementation is built on top of the Actor Architecture, a middleware for distributed systems based on the Actor model [1]. The results show that not only such separation is feasible, but also that the architecture allows us to better control the dependability of the system. Finally, the application developed based on the proposed model is more modularized and consequently more reusable. C1 [Poirot, Pierre-Etienne; Ren, Shangping] IIT, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Nogiec, Jerzy] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Poirot, PE (reprint author), IIT, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM poirpie@iit.edu; ren@iit.edu; nogiec@fnal.gov; tsai@cs.uic.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 0730-3157 BN 0-7695-2655-1 J9 P INT COMP SOFTW APP PY 2006 BP 63 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFF96 UT WOS:000241645100014 ER PT S AU Hickey, DR Wilsey, PA Hoekstra, RJ Keiter, ER Hutchinson, SA Russo, TV AF Hickey, DR Wilsey, PA Hoekstra, RJ Keiter, ER Hutchinson, SA Russo, TV GP IEEE COMPUTER SOC TI Mixed-signal simulation with the simbus backplane SO 39TH ANNUAL SIMULATION SYMPOSIUM, PROCEEDINGS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL SIMULATION SYMPOSIA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th Annual Simulation Symposium CY APR 02-06, 2006 CL Huntsville, AL SP Soc Modeling & Simulat Int AB In this paper, the Simbus Backplane is used in conjunction with SAVANT/TyVIS/WARPED, a parallel VHDL simulator and Xyce, a parallel SPICE simulation engine, to model and simulate a mixed-signal ASIC-driven charging circuit simulation. In particular, the individual components of an airbag deployment system are described and modeled in the digital and analog domains. A VHDL-based micro-controller interface is designed to control an analog charging circuit based on accelerometer output. The accelerometer and charging circuit are modeled in SPICE and interactions between the two domains are established through the Simbus Backplane. The results of this study provide evidence of the implementation possibilities available with a mixed-signal system and demonstrate the feasibility of continuing work in multi-domain simulation. C1 Clifton Labs Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45236 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Clifton Labs Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45236 USA. FU Sandia National Laboratories; Albuquerque, NM [29727] FX his work was supponed by Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM under ConUact Number 29727 .The authors thank them for their suppon. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1080-241X BN 0-7695-2559-8 J9 PROC ANNU SIMUL SYMP PY 2006 BP 223 EP + DI 10.1109/ANSS.2006.25 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEE17 UT WOS:000236909600026 ER PT S AU Suh, JO Nah, JW Tu, KN Tamura, N AF Suh, J. O. Nah, J. W. Tu, K. N. Tamura, N. GP IEEE TI Synchrotron radiation based X-ray micro-diffraction study on reliability issues of solder joints in electronic packaging technology SO 56TH ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS & TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE 2006, VOL 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS SE Electronic Components and Technology Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 56th Electronic Components and Technology Conference CY 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP Elect Components, Assembilies & Mat Assoc, Elect Ind Alliance, IEEE Components, Packaging & Mfg Technol Soc, IEEE ID PB-FREE SOLDERS; KINETICS; CU AB Orientation distribution Of Cu6Sn5 and its relationship with orientation of substrate Cu was studied with synchrotron based micro x-ray diffraction. We have obtained Laue spots both from Cu6Sn5 and Cu at the same time. From the Lane pattern, orientation distribution maps Of Cu6Sn5 and Cu were obtained. Orientations Cu6Sn5 scallops had strong dependence to that of Cu. [001] direction Of Cu6Sn5 was always parallel to [110] of Cu, to minimize misfit. It was also found that Cu6Sn5 loses its texture as reflow time increases. C1 [Suh, J. O.; Nah, J. W.; Tu, K. N.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, 6532 Boelter Hall 420 Westwood Pl, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Tamura, N.] Adv Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Suh, JO (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, 6532 Boelter Hall 420 Westwood Pl, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0569-5503 BN 1-4244-0151-8 J9 ELEC COMP C PY 2006 SI 2006 BP 1924 EP + DI 10.1109/ECTC.2006.1645924 PG 2 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BEP36 UT WOS:000238566601133 ER PT S AU Hofman, DJ Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindelf, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Chai, Z Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Hauer, M Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Khan, N Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lin, WT Manly, S Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Reed, C Roland, C Roland, G Sagerer, J Seals, H Sedykh, I Smith, CE Stankiewicz, MA Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tonjes, MB Rzupek, AT Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Vaurynovich, SS Verdier, R Veres, GI Wenger, E Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wyslouch, B AF Hofman, David J. Back, B. B. Baker, M. D. Ballintijn, M. Barton, D. S. Betts, R. R. Bickley, A. A. Bindelf, R. Budzanowski, A. Busza, W. Carroll, A. Chai, Z. Decowski, M. P. Garcia, E. Gburek, T. George, N. Gulbrandsen, K. Gushue, S. Halliwell, C. Hamblen, J. Hauer, M. Heintzelman, G. A. Henderson, C. Hollis, R. S. Holynski, R. Holzman, B. Iordanova, A. Johnson, E. Kane, J. L. Khan, N. Kulinich, P. Kuo, C. M. Lin, W. T. Manly, S. Mignerey, A. C. Nouicer, R. Olszewski, A. Pak, R. Park, I. C. Reed, C. Roland, C. Roland, G. Sagerer, J. Seals, H. Sedykh, I. Smith, C. E. Stankiewicz, M. A. Steinberg, P. Stephans, G. S. F. Sukhanov, A. Tonjes, M. B. Rzupek, A. T. Vale, C. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J. Vaurynovich, S. S. Verdier, R. Veres, G. I. Wenger, E. Wolfs, F. L. H. Wosiek, B. Wozniak, K. Wyslouch, B. CA PHOBOS Collaboration BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI PHOBOS overview SO 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma SE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys AB A brief overview of the current results and conclusions from the PHOBOS experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is given. No evidence is found for non-monotonic behavior of observables measured by PHOBOS in the RHIC energy region. Convincing evidence is found that we have created a state of matter with high energy-density, that is nearly net-baryon free and is strongly interacting. The data are found to exhibit "simple" scaling behaviors, which include extended longitudinal scaling and scaling with the number of participating nucleons. The Au+Au collision charged particle data also exhibit a remarkable factorization of collision energy and geometry. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Phys Nucl, PAN, Krakow, Poland. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Hofman, DJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. OI Holzman, Burt/0000-0001-5235-6314 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 34 EP 41 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/004 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500004 ER PT S AU Debbe, R AF Debbe, Ramiro CA BRAHMS Collaboration BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI BRAHMS overview SO 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma SE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys ID COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; WEIZSACKER-WILLIAMS FIELD; PARTON ENERGY-LOSS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; SCATTERING; GLUONS AB A brief review of BRAHMS measurements of bulk particle production in RHIC Au+Au collisions at root SNN = 200GeV is presented, together with some discussion of baryon number transport. Intermediate PT measurements in different collision systems (Au+Au, d+Au and p+p) are also discussed in the context of jet quenching and saturation of the gluon density in Au ions at RHIC energies. This report also includes preliminary results for identified particles at forward rapidities in d+Au and Au+Au collisions. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Debbe, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 42 EP 49 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/005 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500005 ER PT S AU Venugopalan, R AF Venugopalan, Raju BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI The color glass condensate: A classical effective theory of high energy QCD SO 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma SE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NONLINEAR GLUON EVOLUTION; SMALL-X; NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; SEMIHARD PROCESSES; PARTON SATURATION; QUARK PRODUCTION; PA-COLLISIONS; DENSITY QCD; EQUATION AB The Color Class Condensate is a theory of the dynamical properties of partons in the Regge limit of QCD: x(BJ) -> 0, Q(2) > A(QCD)(2) = fixed and the center of mass energy squared s -> infinity. We provide a brief introduction to the theoretical ideas underlying the Color Class Condensate. We also discuss how these ideas provide a unified framework to discuss both Deeply Inelastic Scattering (DIS), and hadronic collisions (from pp to AA) in QCD. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Venugopalan, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 70 EP 78 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/008 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500008 ER PT S AU Koch, V AF Koch, V. BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI Fluctuations and correlations in heavy ion collisions SO 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma SE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys ID BY-EVENT FLUCTUATIONS; PLUS PB COLLISIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; PARTICLE RATIOS; EQUILIBRATION; NUCLEON AB An overview of the physics of event by event fluctuations in heavy ion collisions is provided. We will discuss what the measurement of fluctuations and correlation can tell us about the system created in these collisions. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Koch, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 95 EP 102 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/011 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500011 ER PT S AU Vitev, I AF Vitev, Ivan BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI Jet quenching in relativistic heavy ion collisions SO 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS OF QUARK GLUON PLASMA SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys ID ABELIAN ENERGY-LOSS; TOMOGRAPHY; QCD AB Parton propagation in dense nuclear matter results in elastic, inelastic and coherent multiple soft scattering with the in-medium color charges. Such scattering leads to calculable modifications of the hadron production cross section that is evaluated in the framework of the perturbative QCD factorization approach. Final state medium-induced gluon bremsstrahlung is arguably the most efficient way of suppressing large transverse momentum particle production in nucleus-nucleus collisions. The observed hadronic attenuation, known as jet quenching, can be related to the properties of the medium, such as density and temperature, and carries valuable information about the early stages of heavy ion reactions. Non-Abelian energy loss in the quark-gluon plasma can be studied in much greater detail through the modification of the two particle back-to-back correlations. Perturbative calculations give good description of the redistribution of the lost energy in lower transverse momentum particles and predict significant increase of the correlation width of away-side di-hadrons. In contrast, energy loss in cold nuclear matter was found to be small but for large values of Feynman-x is expected to complement the dynamical higher twist shadowing in experimentally observable forward rapidity hadron suppression. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vitev, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Mail Stop H846, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ivitev@1an1.gov NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 119 EP 126 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/014 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500014 ER PT S AU Videbaek, F AF Videbaek, F. BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI Stopping and baryon transport in heavy ion reactions SO 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS OF QUARK GLUON PLASMA SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys ID NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; NUMBER; MECHANISM; MODEL AB In this report I will give an experimental overview on nuclear stopping in hadron collisions, and relate observations to understanding of baryon transport. Baryon number transport is not only evidenced via net-proton distributions but also by the enhancement of strange baryons near mid-rapidity. Although the focus is on high-energy data obtained from pp, and heavy ions from RHIC, relevant data from SPS and ISR will be considered. A discussion how the available data at higher energy relates and gives information on baryon junction, quark-diquark breaking will be made. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Videbaek, F (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM videbaek@bn1.gov NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 134 EP 141 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/016 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500016 ER PT S AU McLerran, L AF McLerran, L. BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI Peeking though the colored looking glass: A perspective on new directions SO 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma SE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; WEIZSACKER-WILLIAMS FIELD; SMALL-X; LARGE NUCLEUS; BFKL POMERON; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; QCD; CONDENSATE; SATURATION; EVOLUTION AB I discuss the Color Glass Condensate as a media. I argue that Pomerons, Odderons and Reggeons are the small fluctuation excitations of this media. I argue that understanding the effects of Pomeron loops leads to the idea that this media has a duality symmetry. I discuss the implications of the Color Glass Condensate for the initial conditions at RHIC. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McLerran, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 158 EP 167 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/019 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500019 ER PT S AU Xu, N AF Xu, Nu BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI Partonic collectivity in high-energy nuclear collisions SO 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma SE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; HADRON FREEZE-OUT; ROOT(S)(NN)=200 GEV; ELLIPTIC FLOW; PB COLLISIONS; ANISOTROPY; PARAMETERS; EXPANSION; MESONS; AU+AU AB After a brief introduction to the physics of high-energy nuclear collisions, we will present recent experimental results that are closely connected to the properties of the matter produced in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. Collective motion with parton degrees of freedom is called partonic collectivity. We will focus on collective observables such as transverse radial flow and elliptic flow. With experimental observations, we will demonstrate that, at RHIC, collectivity has already been developed prior to the hadronic stage. Finally, we will develop a plan for future measurements that are needed for characterization of the partonic Equation of State in high-energy nuclear collisions. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Nalt Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xu, N (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Nalt Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 243 EP 250 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/029 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500029 ER PT S AU Bass, SA AF Bass, Steffen A. BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI Review of parton recombination models SO 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma SE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys ID QUARK-ANTIQUARK RECOMBINATION; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; ELLIPTIC FLOW; AU+AU COLLISIONS; ENERGY-LOSS; FRAGMENTATION FUNCTIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; ROOT(S)(NN)=200 GEV; COALESCENCE; FLUCTUATIONS AB Parton recombination models have been very successful in explaining data taken at RHIC on hadron spectra and emission patterns in Au+Au collisions at transverse momenta above 2 GeV/c, which have exhibited features which could not be understood in the framework of basic perturbative QCD. In this article I will review the current status on recombination models and outline which future challenges need to be addressed by this class of models. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bass, SA (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. OI Bass, Steffen/0000-0002-9451-0954 NR 77 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 279 EP 288 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/033 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500033 ER PT S AU Purwar, AK AF Purwar, Anuj K. CA PHENIX Collaboration BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI Probing initial states at RHIC through particle production at forward and backward rapidities using PHENIX muon arms SO 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma SE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys AB Particle multiplicities have yielded some of the most interesting insights at RHIC (Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider). To study the initial state effects at RHIC, we need to look at the small-x region in the gold nucleus, which can be achieved by going to forward rapidities (in the deuteron going direction) for d+Au collisions at,root(s(NN)) over bar = 200 GeV. We measure charged hadrons at forward and backward rapidities using the PHENIX north and south muon arms for d+Au collisions at root(s(NN)) over bar = 200 GeV. We observe a Cronin-like enhancement on the gold going direction and a suppression on the deuteron going direction. This is qualitatively consistent with the expectation of shadowing/saturation type effects in the small-x region, which is probed at forward rapidities. However the enhancement at backward rapidities has not been explained. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, P 25 Subatom Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Purwar, AK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, P 25 Subatom Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 323 EP 327 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/040 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500040 ER PT S AU Tabaru, T AF Tabaru, Tsuguchika CA PHENIX Collaboration BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI Heavy quark and J/psi production at RHIC/PHENIX SO 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma SE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys ID PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; SINGLE ELECTRONS; CERN ISR AB Single electrons from open heavy quarks and di-leptons from J/psi mesons have been studied systematically at RHIC/PHENIX using data from p+p, d+Au and Au+Au collisions at root(s(NN)) over bar = 62.4 GeV, 130 GeV and 200 GeV. From the single electron study, the charm quark yield is found to scale with the number of binary collisions. This scaling has recently been confirmed using Au+Au collisions at 62.4 GeV. A new analysis shows that a high p(T) suppression of single electrons is observed in Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV. This suppression suggests that heavy quarks lose significant energy in the medium. A weak rapidity dependence is seen in J/psi yields from d+Au data, which can be interpreted as a cold matter effect. We report also the results of a measurement of the spin alignment of the J/psi in the p(T) range around 1.5 GeV/c. C1 RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tabaru, T (reprint author), RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 510A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 332 EP 335 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/042 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500042 ER PT S AU Randrup, J AF Randrup, Jorgen BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI Statistical production of pentaquarks in high-energy nuclear collisions SO 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma SE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys AB The production yield of exotic pentaquarks in high-energy nuclear collisions is estimated on the basis of the standard statistical description of the hadronic freeze-out. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Nstl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Randrup, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Nstl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 402 EP 405 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/057 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500057 ER PT S AU McLerran, L AF McLerran, L. BE Sinha, B Alam, JE Nayak, TK TI Exploring the quark gluon plasma with Bikash Sinha SO 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma SE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma CY FEB 08-12, 2005 CL Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Salt Lake City, UT SP Govt India, Dept Atomic Energy, Board Res Nuclear Sci HO Saha Inst Nucl Phys ID PHOTON MULTIPLICITY DETECTOR; HADRON PHASE-TRANSITION; S+AU COLLISIONS; DILEPTONS; NUGGETS; MATTER; MODEL; FLUX AB This paper presents a personal account of the scientific and professional adventures of Bikash Sinha on the occasion of the celebration of his 60'th birth anniversary held at Kolkata in February, 2005. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McLerran, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 50 BP 455 EP 471 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/50/1/070 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BGA00 UT WOS:000245728500070 ER PT S AU Vojenciak, M Souc, J Ceballos, JM Klincok, B Gomory, F Pardo, E Grilli, F AF Vojenciak, M. Souc, J. Ceballos, J. M. Klincok, B. Gomory, F. Pardo, E. Grilli, F. BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI Losses in Bi-2223/Ag tape at simultaneous action of AC transport and AC magnetic field shifted in phase SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol ID DIFFERENCE AB Investigation of AC loss under simultaneous action of transport AC and external AC field is of prime importance for reliable prediction of dissipation in electric power devices like motors/generators, transformers and transmission cables. The experimental rig allowing to perform AC loss measurement in such conditions on short (10 cm) samples of tapes from hightemperature superconductor Bi-2223/Ag has been designed and tested. Both the electrical and thermal method have been incorporated, allowing to combine better sensitivity of former one and a higher reliability of the latter one. Our main aim is to see how the AC loss depends on the phase shift between the current and the field. Such a shift could acquire rather different values in various applications. While in transformer winding, the maximum phase shift at full load will probably not exceed a few degrees, in a three phases transmission cable in tri-axial configuration it is around 120. Therefore we explored the whole range of phase shifts from 0 to 360. Surprisingly, the maxima of dissipation do not coincide with zero shift as expected from qualitative considerations. C1 [Vojenciak, M.; Souc, J.; Klincok, B.; Gomory, F.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Elect Engn, Ctr Excellence CENG, Dubravska Cesta 9, SK-84239 Bratislava, Slovakia. [Ceballos, J. M.] Univ Extremadura, Sch Ind Engn, Badajoz, Spain. [Pardo, E.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. [Grilli, F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Vojenciak, M.] Univ Zilina, Zilina, Slovakia. RP Vojenciak, M (reprint author), Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Elect Engn, Ctr Excellence CENG, Dubravska Cesta 9, SK-84239 Bratislava, Slovakia. EM elekvoje@savba.sk RI Pardo, Enric/A-7566-2008 OI Pardo, Enric/0000-0002-6375-4227 FU [APVT-20-012902] FX This work was supported in part by the APVT-20-012902 project. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 63 EP 66 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/016 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400017 ER PT S AU Eisterer, M Eckhardt, C Zehetmayer, M Weber, HW Schlachter, SI Goldacker, W Nesterenko, VF Tajima, T AF Eisterer, M. Eckhardt, C. Zehetmayer, M. Weber, H. W. Schlachter, S. I. Goldacker, W. Nesterenko, V. F. Tajima, T. BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI Influence of disorder on the superconducting properties of polycrystalline MgB2 SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol AB The influence of disorder introduced by neutron irradiation is investigated for sintered bulk material and for in-situ iron sheathed wires. We find strong enhancements of the upper critical field and a decrease of the upper critical field anisotropy. Accordingly, the irreversibility fields, defined as the fields, where the first continuous superconducting current path occurs and the resistivity disappears, are enhanced. The critical current densities increase after irradiation, especially at high magnetic fields. This enhancement is mainly caused by the changes of the reversible properties, but slight changes in flux pinnning are observed as well. C1 [Eisterer, M.; Eckhardt, C.; Zehetmayer, M.; Weber, H. W.] Osterreich Univ, Atominst, A-1020 Vienna, Austria. [Schlachter, S. I.; Goldacker, W.] Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Tech Phys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Nesterenko, V. F.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Tajima, T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Eisterer, M (reprint author), Osterreich Univ, Atominst, A-1020 Vienna, Austria. EM eisterer@ati.ac.at NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 115 EP 118 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/029 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400030 ER PT S AU Yavuz, M Boybay, MS Elbuken, C Andrews, MJ Hu, CR Ross, JH AF Yavuz, M. Boybay, M. S. Elbuken, C. Andrews, M. J. Hu, C. R. Ross, J. H. BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconducting thin films: theory and experiment SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol ID PULSED-LASER ABLATION; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; GROWTH AB The interest of this paper centers on fabrication and characterization and modeling of vortices in high temperature superconducting thin films. As a first step, the magnetic vertices of the superconducting matrix were modeled. As a second, Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O thin films were grown using Pulsed Laser Ablation (PLD) on single crystal MgO substrates as magnetic templates for the potential use for Nano and Microelectronic circuits, and were characterized by x-ray diffraction, electron, and atomic force microscopy. The third step (future work) will be observation and pinning of these vortices using Bitter decoration. C1 [Yavuz, M.; Boybay, M. S.; Elbuken, C.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Mech Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Andrews, M. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hu, C. R.; Ross, J. H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Yavuz, M (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Mech Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. EM myavuz@uwaterloo.ca NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 277 EP 280 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/069 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400070 ER PT S AU Carrillo, AE Puig, T Palau, A Obradors, X Zheng, H Chen, L Paulikas, AP Veal, BW Claus, H AF Carrillo, A. E. Puig, T. Palau, A. Obradors, X. Zheng, H. Chen, L. Paulikas, A. P. Veal, B. W. Claus, H. BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI NEW MICROCRACK NETWORK GENERATION IN TSMTG YBCO SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol ID YBA2CU3O7-Y2BACUO5 COMPOSITES; SUPERCONDUCTORS; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Melt Textured YBa2Cu3O7/Y2BaCuO5 (Y123/Y211) and Y123/Y211/CeO2 composites, have been grown by Top Seeding Melt Texturing growth (TSMTG). The initial powder mixture has been densified, through a pre-melting process carried out at 1000-1050 degrees C under O-2 atmosphere. This process leads to a strongly decreased porosity of the pellet. Afterwards, TSMTG is carried out in air atmosphere. The influence of the pre-melting process on the final microstructure has been analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microstructural analysis reveals a high microcracking density. Three well defined microcrack orientations have been detected, one parallel the (001) planes and a new class of microcrack parallel the {100} planes. The latter is being produced by the pre-melting densification process, while the usual microcrack parallel to (001) planes also prevail. The influence of the oxygenation process and the Ce additives on the development of this new class of microcrack pattern will be discussed. Finally, the influence of the new microcrack network on the critical current density will be presented. C1 [Carrillo, A. E.; Puig, T.; Palau, A.; Obradors, X.] CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Zheng, H.; Chen, L.; Paulikas, A. P.; Veal, B. W.; Claus, H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Claus, H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Carrillo, AE (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. RI Obradors, Xavier/A-8146-2012; Palau, Anna/C-2947-2014; Puig, Teresa/O-1077-2013 OI Palau, Anna/0000-0002-2217-164X; Puig, Teresa/0000-0002-1873-0488 FU MEC [MAT 2003-01584]; U.S. Department of Energy; Basic Energy Sciences-Materials Sciences; Office of Electric Transmission and Distribution; electric power technology [W-31-109-Eng-38] FX This work has been supported by the Spanish MEC (MAT 2003-01584) and by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences-Materials Sciences, and the Office of Electric Transmission and Distribution, as part of a program to develop electric power technology (Contract W-31-109-Eng-38) NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 397 EP 400 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/099 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400100 ER PT S AU Yampolskii, SV Genenko, YA Rauh, H Snezhko, AV AF Yampolskii, S. V. Genenko, Y. A. Rauh, H. Snezhko, A. V. BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI The Bean model of the critical state in a magnetically shielded superconductor filament SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol ID AC LOSSES; FIELD; WIRES; MAGNETIZATION; SHEATH; IRON; FLUX AB We study the magnetization of a cylindrical type-II superconductor filament covered by a coaxial soft-magnet sheath and exposed to an applied transverse magnetic field. Examining penetration of magnetic flux into the superconductor core of the filament on the basis of the Bean model of the critical state, we find that the presence of a non-hysteretic magnetic sheath can strongly enhance the field of full penetration of magnetic flux. The average magnetization of the superconductor/magnet heterostructure under consideration and hysteresis AC losses in the core of the filament are calculated as well. C1 [Yampolskii, S. V.; Genenko, Y. A.; Rauh, H.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Mat Wissensch, Petersenstr 30, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. [Snezhko, A. V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yampolskii, SV (reprint author), Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Mat Wissensch, Petersenstr 30, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. EM yampolsk@tgm.tu-darmstadt.de RI Genenko, Yuri/A-2663-2008 OI Genenko, Yuri/0000-0002-2943-2363 FU German Research Foundation (DFG) FX This work was supported by a research grant from the German Research Foundation (DFG). NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 576 EP 580 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/142 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400142 ER PT S AU Stavrev, S Grilli, F Dutoit, B Ashworth, S AF Stavrev, Svetlomir Grilli, Francesco Dutoit, Bertrand Ashworth, Stephen BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI Finite-element analysis and comparison of the AC loss performance of BSCCO and YBCO conductors SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; COATED CONDUCTOR; SUPERCONDUCTOR; TAPES; STRIP AB The AC loss performance of two BSCCO and two YBCO conductors of different geometry, characterized by the same self-field critical current of 150 A, is analysed and compared quantitatively. The comparison is made using the finite-element method with a non-linear B-dependent E-J relation. A new shell-region model is utilised for the simulations of thin YBCO strips. Different AC working conditions are simulated: self-field, applied external field, and combined transport current and external perpendicular field application. Magnetic field and current density profiles are investigated in order to illustrate the reasons for the loss difference in the conductors. Depending on the application, the advantages of using BSCCO or YBCO conductors with specific geometry are outlined. C1 [Stavrev, Svetlomir; Dutoit, Bertrand] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Grilli, Francesco; Ashworth, Stephen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Stavrev, S (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM Svetlomir.Stavrev@epfl.ch NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 581 EP 586 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/143 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400143 ER PT S AU Yamada, R Ambrosio, G Barzi, E Kashikin, V Kikuchi, A Novitski, I Takeuchi, T Wake, M Zlobin, A AF Yamada, R. Ambrosio, G. Barzi, E. Kashikin, V. Kikuchi, A. Novitski, I. Takeuchi, T. Wake, M. Zlobin, A. BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI Feasibility Study for 15-Tesla Magnet using Rapid-Heating Quenching and Transformation Nb3Al Strand SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol DE Nb3Al; RHQT; Rutherford cable; High Field Superconducting Accelerator Magnet ID CONDUCTORS; DIPOLE AB A new practically long copper stabilized Rapid-Heating Quenching and Transformation (RHQT) Nb3Al strand is presented, which is being developed and manufactured at the National Institute of Material Science (NIMS) in Japan. It has achieved a non-copper J(c) of 1000 A/mm(2) at 15 T at 4.2K, with a copper over non-copper ratio of 1.04, and a filament size about 50 mu m. Using this strand the feasibility study of a 15 T dipole magnet is presented. For this study a Rutherford cable with 28 Nb3Al strands of 1 mm diameter will be fabricated early in 2006. A block-type magnet is designed using ROXIE, and the stress and strain in the coil is estimated and studied with the characteristics of the Nb3Al strand. The advantages and disadvantages of the Nb3Al cable are compared with the prevailing Nb3Sn cable from the point of view of stress-strain, and possible effects on Jc due to cabling is presented. The Nb3Al coil of the magnet, which will be made by wind and react method, has to be heat treated at 800 degree C for 10 hours. As preparation for the 15 T magnet design, a series of tests on strands and Rutherford cables is presented. C1 [Yamada, R.; Ambrosio, G.; Barzi, E.; Kashikin, V.; Kikuchi, A.; Novitski, I.; Takeuchi, T.; Wake, M.; Zlobin, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Yamada, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM yamada@fnal.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 714 EP 718 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/175 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400175 ER PT S AU Green, MA Witte, H AF Green, Michael A. Witte, Holger BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI Power supply and quench protection for the MICE cooling channel magnets SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol ID SOLENOID MAGNET; THERMAL DESIGN AB This report discusses the power supply and quench protection system selected for the MICE superconducting coupling and focusing magnets. First, the MICE focusing and coupling magnet parameters are presented. Second, the report describes passive quench protection systems for these focusing and coupling magnets. Thermal quench-back from the magnet mandrel, which is a key to the MICE magnet quench protection system, is also discussed. A system of diodes and resistors is used to control the voltage to ground as the magnet quenches. Third, the report presents the magnet power supply parameters for MICE magnets. C1 [Green, Michael A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Witte, Holger] Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RP Green, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU Oxford University Physics Department; Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council of the United Kingdom; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Office of High Energy Physics, United States Department of Energy under DOE [AC02 05CH11231]; US Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration FX portion of this work was supported by the Oxford University Physics Department and the Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council of the United Kingdom. The rest of the work was done at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory with the support of the Office of High Energy Physics, United States Department of Energy under DOE contract DE AC02 05CH11231. DOE funding for the US Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration is gratefully acknowledged NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 727 EP 730 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/178 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400178 ER PT S AU Duron, J Grilli, F Antognazza, L Decroux, M Stavrev, S Dutoit, B Fischer, O AF Duron, J. Grilli, F. Antognazza, L. Decroux, M. Stavrev, S. Dutoit, B. Fischer, O. BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI Finite-element modelling of superconductors in over-critical regime with temperature dependent resistivity SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol ID FAULT CURRENT LIMITER; STRIP LINES AB In this paper, we present a new numerical model, in which both the thermal and the electromagnetic aspects of the over-critical current regime of HTS materials are taken into account. The electromagnetic and thermal equations have been implemented in finite-element-method (FEM) software in order to obtain a novel, closer to reality model for investigating the behaviour of the superconductor when the current exceeds I-c. This model has been applied for studying the behaviour of strip lines of an YBCO/Au FCL with a sapphire substrate. Simulations with currents largely exceeding I-c have been performed, showing that the total current limitation occurs only when the temperature dependence of the electrical parameters is taken into consideration. Such modelling can replace experiments with currents far exceeding I-c which may damage or destroy the studied sample or HTS device. C1 [Duron, J.; Stavrev, S.; Dutoit, B.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol Lausanne, Stn 14, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Grilli, F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST STC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Antognazza, L.; Decroux, M.; Fischer, O.] Univ Geneva, DPMC, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Duron, J (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol Lausanne, Stn 14, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM joseph.duron@epfl.ch FU Swiss National Science Foundation through the National Center of Competence; US Department of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability. FX This work has been supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation through the National Center of Competence in Research Materials with Novel Electronic Properties - MaNEP and by the US Department of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 1076 EP 1080 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/263 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400263 ER PT S AU Cantor, R Hall, A Matlachov, A AF Cantor, Robin Hall, Ad Matlachov, Andrei BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI Thin-Film Planar Gradiometer with Long Baseline SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol ID DC SQUIDS AB Gradiometers are attractive for magnetic field measurements in noisy environments. Thin-film planar gradiometers are in particular attractive for measurements of the off-diagonal components of the magnetic field gradient tensor, and they can be fabricated with high intrinsic balance owing to the precision photolithographic techniques used to fabricate these devices. We have developed a low-T-c first-order planar gradiometer with a long baseline of 4 cm. The pickup loops are series configured and connected to the input circuit of a dual washer gradiometric dc SQUID. The white rms flux noise measured in a shielded environment is 1.6 mu Phi(0)/Hz(1/2). The magnetic field sensitivity referred to one pickup loop is 2 nT/Phi(0), resulting in an rms magnetic field noise referred to one pickup loop of 3.2 fT/Hz(1/2) and an rms gradient noise of 0.8 fT/cm-Hz(1/2). Based on the lithographic methods used to fabricate the gradiometers, the expected balance level is 1 part in 24,000 or 0.004%. The gradiometer is operable without shielding in typical laboratory environments without losing lock, with an rms white noise at 10 kHz of 3.5 mu Phi(0)/Hz(1/2). C1 [Cantor, Robin; Hall, Ad] STAR Cryoelectron, 25-A Bisbee Court, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA. [Matlachov, Andrei] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biol & Quantum Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cantor, R (reprint author), STAR Cryoelectron, 25-A Bisbee Court, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA. EM rcantor@starcryo.com FU U.S. Dept. of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER84079] FX This work at STAR Cryoelectronics supported by the U.S. Dept. of Energy, Contract No. DE-FG02-04ER84079. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 1223 EP 1226 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/298 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400298 ER PT S AU Espy, MA Carr, C Sandin, JH Hanson, CJ Daniels, SG Matlachov, AN Graves, SW Ward, MD Kraus, RH Fritz, S Leslie-Pelecky, D AF Espy, M. A. Carr, C. Sandin, J. H. Hanson, C. J. Daniels, S. G. Matlachov, A. N. Graves, S. W. Ward, M. D. Kraus, R. H., Jr. Fritz, S. Leslie-Pelecky, D. BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI SQUID-Based Bioassay with Magnetic Particles in Flow SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol AB We present preliminary results for a magnetic flow spectrometer for magnetic microparticle separation, and a magnetic flow cytometer for particle identification. The application of the instrument is to high-throughput bioassay. Here we report on the first application of our magnetic spectrometer to the sorting of ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic microspheres in flow. The system is based on a permanent magnet quadrupole and separates the polymer coated magnetic microspheres based on their magnetic moments. The cryogenic section of our magnetic flow cytometer, which involves SQUID-based detection of the sorted magnetic microspheres based on their magnetic moments, has been re-engineered to permit a smaller standoff between the SQUID array and the flowing magnetic particles. We present preliminary results with the new experimental setup, with an emphasis on both spatial and signal resolution. C1 [Espy, M. A.; Carr, C.; Sandin, J. H.; Hanson, C. J.; Daniels, S. G.; Matlachov, A. N.; Graves, S. W.; Ward, M. D.; Kraus, R. H., Jr.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Fritz, S.; Leslie-Pelecky, D.] Univ Nebraska, CMRA, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Espy, MA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM espy@lanl.gov FU NIH [RR019626-01] FX The authors wish to thank Shaun Newman (Los Alamos National Laboratory) for his technical expertise. This work was funded by the NIH under Grant RR019626-01. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 1254 EP 1257 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/306 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400306 ER PT S AU Carr, C Espy, MA Urbaitis, AV Kraus, RH AF Carr, C. Espy, M. A. Urbaitis, A. V. Kraus, R. H., Jr. BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI A SQUID NDE system for the investigation of pinch welds SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol ID MICROSCOPY AB HTS SQUID NDE systems attempt to achieve both high spatial resolution and high signal sensitivity, though often the more important parameter is determined by the sample of interest. SQUID microscopes offer micron-sized resolution by either bringing the sample into very close contact with a small SQUID sensor or by using a "flux guide" that is located in the tail of the cryostat. Conventional SQUID NDE systems typically have a larger sensor cooled by a liquid cryogen ( or possibly a cryocooler) and place more import on signal resolution. Our system is a hybrid of the above ideas, developed specifically to permit the characterisation of small, irregular-shaped stainless steel samples containing pinch welds. We have investigated using a ferromagnetic flux guide with our system, but for convenience have simply attached it to the tail of the cryostat 4 mm below a washer SQUID magnetometer. To increase the signal resolution we have chosen to employ local electromagnetic shielding around the measurement system. We detail the characteristics of the system and present experimental NDE data as individual time series traces of the SQUID output for a set of samples that were fabricated using a broad range of weld parameters. C1 [Carr, C.; Espy, M. A.; Urbaitis, A. V.; Kraus, R. H., Jr.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Carr, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM carr@lanl.gov OI Urbaitis, Algis/0000-0002-8626-5987 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 1274 EP 1277 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/311 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400311 ER PT S AU Yefremenko, V Gordiyenko, E Shustakova, G Bader, SD Karapetrov, G Novosad, V AF Yefremenko, V. Gordiyenko, E. Shustakova, G. Bader, S. D. Karapetrov, G. Novosad, V. BE Weber, HW Sauerzopf, FM TI Optically activated high T-c superconducting microbolometer SO 7TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (EUCAS'05) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity CY SEP 11-15, 2005 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol ID BOLOMETERS; FILMS AB A laser beam, precisely focused on the patterned superconducting structure, was used to nucleate a resistive area that is sensitive to external thermal effects. The electron beam lithography and wet chemical etching were applied as pattern transfer processes in epitaxial Y-Ba-Cu-O films. Two different sensor designs were tested: (i) 3 millimeters long and 40 micrometers wide stripe and (ii) 1.25 millimeters long, and 50 micron wide meander-like structure. It is shown experimentally that scanning the laser beam along the stripe leads to physical displacement of the sensitive area and, therefore may be used as a basis for imaging over a broad spectral range. For example, patterning the superconducting film into a meander structure is equivalent to a two-dimensional detector array. In additional to the simplicity of the detector fabrication sequence (one step mask transfer), a clear advantage of this approach is the simplicity of the read-out process: an image is formed by registering the signal with only two electrical terminals. The proposed approach can be extended for imaging over a wide spectral range. C1 [Yefremenko, V.; Gordiyenko, E.; Bader, S. D.; Karapetrov, G.; Novosad, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gordiyenko, E.; Shustakova, G.] B Verkin Inst Low Temp Phys & En, UA-61103 Kharkov, Ukraine. RP Novosad, V (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM novosad@anl.gov RI Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015; Karapetrov, Goran/C-2840-2008 OI Karapetrov, Goran/0000-0003-1113-0137 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2006 VL 43 BP 1342 EP 1345 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/328 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BOS72 UT WOS:000277479400328 ER PT B AU Whitaker, JM Begovich, JM McCowan, OJ AF Whitaker, J. Michael Begovich, John M. McCowan, O. Janie BE Zeng, S TI Potential verification measures to strengthen the international regime SO 9th International Workshop on Separation Phenomena in Liquids and Gases, Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Separation Phenomena in Liquids and Gases CY SEP 18-21, 2006 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Tianjin Inst Chem & Phys Engn, China Natl Nat Sci Fdn, China Nucl Soc, Isotope Branch, China Nucl Grp Lanzhou Uranium Enrichment Plant, China Nucl Grp Shanxi Uranium Enrichment Plant DE verification measures; international regime; gas centrifuge enrichment plants AB This presentation identifies potential technical measures for strengthening the international international verification regime for gas centrifuge enrichment plains. It defines specific verification needs associated with the basic safeguards objectives of detecting diversion of low-enriched uranium (LEU), production of undeclared excess LEU, and production of high-enriched uranium. Detecting undeclared enrichment activities at modern facilities is a continual challenge because of the advances in cascade design and increases in plant separative capacities. To successfully meet this challenge, new and innovative approaches, methods, and equipment are required. This presentation describes a variety of technologies and measures that could potentially be deployed in the field in the next 2-5 years to address needs related to design verification, collection of representative nuclear material samples, on-site measurement capabilities, continuous process monitoring, continuous item monitoring, and inspection activities. Additionally. a strong effort is needed to ensure that safeguards requirements are effectively defined such that they can be physically integrated into the design of new enrichment facilities in a manner similar to how safely requirements are integrated. Implementing safeguards measures at existing facilities has proven to be especially difficult. Integrating the implementation of measures described in this paper directly into the design of future facilities (e.g., automatic samplers, process slip streams, in-line monitors) could greatly decrease implementation costs and improve overall safeguards effectiveness while providing means for the operator to protect sensitive, proprietary information. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Safeguards Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Whitaker, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Safeguards Grp, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY PRESS PI BEIJING PA TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY HAIDIANQU, BEIJING 100084, PEOPLES R CHINA PY 2006 BP 115 EP 121 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BGF34 UT WOS:000246419300020 ER PT J AU Rice, O Saintvictor, S Michaelides, M Thanos, P Gatley, SJ AF Rice, Onarae Saintvictor, Sandra Michaelides, Michael Thanos, Panayotis Gatley, Samuel John TI MicroPET investigation of chronic long-term neurotoxicity from heavy ion irradiation SO AAPS JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE microPET; FDG; neurotoxicity; radiation; brain ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION; GLUCOSE-UTILIZATION; SPACE RADIATION; HUMAN-BRAIN; RATS; EXPOSURE; PARTICLE; DEFICITS AB Positron emission tomography (PET) permits imaging of the regional biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of compounds labeled with short-lived positron-emitting isotopes. It has enabled evaluation of neurochemical systems in the living human brain, including effects of toxic substances. MicroPET devices allow studies of the rat brain with a spatial resolution of similar to 2 mm. This is much poorer resolution than obtained using ex vivo autoradiography. However, animals need not be euthanized before imaging, so repeat studies are possible. This in principle allows the effects of toxic insults to be followed over the lifetime of an individual animal. We used microPET to evaluate brain metabolic effects of irradiation with high-energy heavy ions (HZE radiation), a component of the space radiation environment, on regional glucose metabolism. A significant fraction of neurons would be traversed by these densely ionizing particles during a Mars mission, and there is a need to estimate human neurological risks of prolonged voyages beyond the geomagnetosphere. Rats were irradiated with 56 Fe (600 MeV/n) ions at doses up to 240 cGy. At 9 months post-irradiation we did not detect alterations in regional accumulation of the glucose analog [F-18]2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose. This may indicate that damage to the brain from HZE particles is less severe than feared. However, because radiation-induced alterations in some behaviors have been documented, it may reflect insensitivity of baseline cerebral glucose metabolism to HZE radiation. These studies will facilitate design of future studies of chronic, long-term exposure to both therapeutic and abused drugs using microPET. C1 Northeastern Univ, Ctr Drug Discovery, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Translat Neuroimaging, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NIAAA, Behav Neuropharmacol & Neuroimaging Lab Neuroimag, Intramural NIAAA Program, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gatley, SJ (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Ctr Drug Discovery, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM s.gatley@neu.edu RI Michaelides, Michael/K-4736-2013 OI Michaelides, Michael/0000-0003-0398-4917 NR 47 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENTISTS PI ARLINGTON PA 2107 WILSON BLVD, STE 700, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-3042 USA SN 1550-7416 J9 AAPS J PY 2006 VL 8 IS 3 BP E508 EP E514 DI 10.1208/aapsj080360 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 097HM UT WOS:000241437900010 PM 17025269 ER PT J AU North, MJ Collier, NT Vos, JR AF North, Michael J. Collier, Nicholson T. Vos, Jerry R. TI Experiences creating three implementations of the repast agent modeling toolkit SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MODELING AND COMPUTER SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE agent-based modeling and simulation; Java; python; Microsoft.NET AB Many agent-based modeling and simulation researchers and practitioners have called for varying levels of simulation interoperability ranging from shared software architectures to common agent communications languages. These calls have been at least partially answered by several specifications and technologies. In fact, Tanenbaum [ 1988] has remarked that the "nice thing about standards is that there are so many to choose from." Tanenbaum goes on to say that "if you do not like any of them, you can just wait for next year's model." This article does not seek to introduce next year's model. Rather, the goal is to contribute to the larger simulation community the authors' accumulated experiences from developing several implementations of an agent-based simulation toolkit. As such, this article focuses on the implementation of simulation architectures rather than agent communications languages. It is hoped that ongoing architecture standards efforts will benefit from this new knowledge and use it to produce architecture standards with increased robustness. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Ctr Complex Adapt Agent Syst Simulat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP North, MJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Ctr Complex Adapt Agent Syst Simulat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM north@anl.gov; nick.collier@varizon.net; jvos@anl.gov NR 65 TC 284 Z9 295 U1 1 U2 30 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 1049-3301 J9 ACM T MODEL COMPUT S JI ACM Trans. Model. Comput. Simul. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 16 IS 1 BP 1 EP 25 DI 10.1145/1122012.1122013 PG 25 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 116VV UT WOS:000242832500001 ER PT S AU Knize, MG AF Knize, M. G. BE Skog, K Alexander, J TI Assessing human exposure to heterocyclic aromatic amines SO ACRYLAMIDE AND OTHER HAZARDOUS COMPOUNDS IN HEAT-TREATED FOODS SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FOOD MUTAGEN PHIP; FRIED GROUND-BEEF; DONE RED MEAT; 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO<4,5-B>PYRIDINE PHIP; COOKED MEAT; HUMAN-URINE; WELL-DONE; IN-VITRO; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DIETARY EXPOSURE RP Knize, MG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM knize1@llnl.gov NR 77 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-84569-011-3 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2006 IS 132 BP 231 EP 246 DI 10.1533/9781845692018.2.231 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BNH05 UT WOS:000274536000012 ER PT J AU Niles, JC Marletta, MA AF Niles, Jacquin C. Marletta, Michael A. TI Utilizing RNA aptamers to probe a physiologically important heme-regulated cellular network SO ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO SELECTION; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATOR HAP1; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MOLECULAR-MECHANISM; PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; PROTEIN COMPLEXES; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA AB Broadly applicable strategies facilitating direct and selective modulation of the intracellular levels of physiologically important small molecules are essential for dissecting their integral and multiple roles in cellular processes. Therefore, we have been exploring the suitability of RNA aptamers for this purpose. Using the Escherichia coli heme biosynthetic pathway as a simple model of a negative feedback regulated process, we show that heme-binding RNA aptamers, developed in vitro and expressed intracellularly, induce a heme-dependent growth defect in an E. coli heme auxotroph defective in converting delta-aminolevulinic (delta-ALA) acid into downstream products. Relative to a control oligonucleotide, the aptamers also induce delta-ALA accumulation in cells grown under heme-limiting conditions. Increasing the concentration of heme in the media completely reverses both the growth defect and delta-ALA accumulation, except for two aptamers for which reversal is partial. Thus, these aptamers specifically target their cognate ligand in vivo and functionally modulate its intracellular concentration, demonstrating that RNA aptamers are useful tools for elucidating the role of heme and possibly other small molecules in regulating cellular networks. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Marletta, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM marletta@berkeley.edu RI xiaorong, yang/B-9548-2009 FU NIAID NIH HHS [5 F32 AI058646] NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1554-8929 J9 ACS CHEM BIOL JI ACS Chem. Biol. PY 2006 VL 1 IS 8 BP 515 EP 524 DI 10.1021/cb6002527 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 131UA UT WOS:000243894300019 PM 17168539 ER PT J AU Agard, NJ Baskin, JM Prescher, JA Lo, A Bertozzi, CR AF Agard, Nicholas J. Baskin, Jeremy M. Prescher, Jennifer A. Lo, Anderson Bertozzi, Carolyn R. TI A comparative study of bioorthogonal reactions with azides SO ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NONCANONICAL AMINO-ACIDS; STAUDINGER LIGATION; ALKYNE CYCLOADDITION; CLICK CHEMISTRY; LIVING ANIMALS; CELL-SURFACES; PROTEINS; STRATEGY; SYSTEMS AB Detection of metabolites and post-translational modi. cations can be achieved using the azide as a bioorthogonal chemical reporter. Once introduced into target biomolecules, either metabolically or through chemical modi. cation, the azide can be tagged with probes using one of three highly selective reactions: the Staudinger ligation, the Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, or the strain-promoted [3 + 2] cycloaddition. Here, we compared these chemistries in the context of various biological applications, including labeling of biomolecules in complex lysates and on live cell surfaces. The Cu(l)-catalyzed reaction was found to be most efficient for detecting azides in protein samples but was not compatible with live cells due to the toxicity of the reagents. Both the Staudinger ligation and the strain-promoted [3 + 2] cycloaddition using optimized cyclooctynes were effective for tagging azides on live cells. The best reagent for this application was dependent upon the specific structure of the azide. These results provide a guide for biologists in choosing a suitable ligation chemistry. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bertozzi, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM crb@berkeley.edu OI Baskin, Jeremy/0000-0003-2939-3138 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM58867] NR 30 TC 362 Z9 364 U1 14 U2 171 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1554-8929 J9 ACS CHEM BIOL JI ACS Chem. Biol. PY 2006 VL 1 IS 10 BP 644 EP 648 DI 10.1021/cb6003228 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 131UH UT WOS:000243895200017 PM 17175580 ER PT J AU Mitchell, DA Morton, SU Marletta, MA AF Mitchell, Douglas A. Morton, Sarah U. Marletta, Michael A. TI Design and characterization of an active site selective caspase-3 transnitrosating agent SO ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT FORMALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; S-NITROSYLATION; RYANODINE RECEPTOR; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; GLUTATHIONE; NITROSATION; NITROSOTHIOLS; ACTIVATION; SUBSTRATE AB The oxidative addition of nitric oxide (NO) to a thiol, S-nitrosation, is a focus of studies on cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-independent NO signaling. S-Nitrosation of the catalytic cysteine of the caspase proteases has important effects on apoptosis and consequently has received attention. Here we report on a small molecule that can directly probe the effects of S-nitrosation on the caspase cascade. This chemical tool is capable of permeating the mammalian cell membrane, selectively transnitrosating the caspase-3 active site cysteine, and halting apoptosis in cultured human T-cells. The efficacy of this reagent was compared with the commonly used reagent S-nitrosoglutathione and an esterified derivative. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. RP Marletta, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM marletta@berkeley.edu RI Mitchell, Doug/B-6349-2012; Mitchell, Douglas/C-4400-2011 OI Mitchell, Doug/0000-0002-9564-0953; NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1554-8929 J9 ACS CHEM BIOL JI ACS Chem. Biol. PY 2006 VL 1 IS 10 BP 659 EP 665 DI 10.1021/cb600393x PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 131UH UT WOS:000243895200019 PM 17168570 ER PT J AU Carrigan, RA AF Carrigan, RA TI Do potential SETI signals need to be decontaminated? SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article AB Biological contamination from space samples is a remote but accepted possibility. Signals received by searches for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) could also contain harmful information in the spirit of a computer virus, the so-called "SETI Hacker" hypothesis. Over the last four decades extraterrestrial intelligence searches have given little consideration to this possibility. Some argue that information in an extraterrestrial signal could not attack a terrestrial computer because the computer logic and code is idiosyncratic and constitutes an impenetrable firewall. Suggestions are given on how to probe these arguments. Measures for decontaminating extraterrestrial intelligence signals (ETI) are discussed. Modifications to the current SETI detection protocol may be appropriate. Beyond that, the potential character of ETI message content requires much broader discussion. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Carrigan, RA (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Box 500 MS221, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM carrigan@fnal.gov NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0094-5765 J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT JI Acta Astronaut. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 58 IS 2 BP 112 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2005.05.004 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 993JI UT WOS:000233950000005 ER PT J AU Dauter, Z AF Dauter, Z TI Current state and prospects of macromolecular crystallography SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Review ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; 3-DIMENSIONAL FOURIER SYNTHESIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE DETERMINATION; ISOMORPHOUS REPLACEMENT METHOD; ELECTRON-DENSITY MAPS; RADIATION-DAMAGE; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; ANOMALOUS DIFFRACTION; PROTEIN CRYSTALS; STRUCTURAL GENOMICS AB The current situation and possible future development of macromolecular crystallography are reviewed. The rapid progress and maturation of this field in recent years have to a large extent been made possible by the inspiration and generous support of several active structural genomics initiatives. Two tendencies can be currently observed: one which treats protein crystallography as a highly automatic tool for investigating various biological problems without the need to engage in the intricacies of the technique and a second approach where this method is applied to crystals of difficult, large and complex biological systems, requiring a deeper knowledge of various aspects of crystallography. In the near future it is expected that these two trends will coexist, developing in a parallel fashion. C1 NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, MCL, Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dauter, Z (reprint author), NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, MCL, Argonne Natl Lab, Bldg 202,9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dauter@anl.gov NR 180 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 62 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1107/S0907444905034050 PN 1 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 993AT UT WOS:000233925800001 PM 16369088 ER PT J AU Schlueter, JA Funk, RJ Geiser, U AF Schlueter, JA Funk, RJ Geiser, U TI 5-aminopyrimidine SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-STRUCTURE REPORTS ONLINE LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC-BEHAVIOR; PYRIMIDINE; 2-AMINOPYRIMIDINE; CO AB In the title compound, C4H5N3, the nearly planar 5-amino-pyrimidine molecule has twofold rotation symmetry. The crystal structure is stabilized by a hydrogen bond between the amino group and the ring N atoms, thus forming a two-dimensional network parallel to the ab plane. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schlueter, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM JASchlueter@anl.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1600-5368 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E.-Struct Rep. Online PD JAN PY 2006 VL 62 BP O339 EP O341 DI 10.1107/S1600536805042236 PN 1 PG 3 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA 000FS UT WOS:000234446900215 ER PT J AU Budayova-Spano, M Fisher, SZ Dauvergne, MT Agbandje-McKenna, M Silverman, DN Myles, DAA McKenna, R AF Budayova-Spano, M Fisher, SZ Dauvergne, MT Agbandje-McKenna, M Silverman, DN Myles, DAA McKenna, R TI Production and X-ray crystallographic analysis of fully deuterated human carbonic anhydrase II SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; CATALYTIC MECHANISM; CYTOCHROME P450CAM; MOLECULAR GRAPHICS; SITE; DIFFRACTION; RESOLUTION; EVOLUTION; ATOMS; WATER AB Human carbonic anhydrase II (HCA II) is a zinc metalloenzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration and dehydration of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate, respectively. The rate-limiting step in catalysis is the intramolecular transfer of a proton between the zinc-bound solvent (H2O/OH-) and the proton-shuttling residue His64. This distance (similar to 7.5 angstrom) is spanned by a well defined active-site solvent network stabilized by amino-acid side chains (Tyr7, Asn62, Asn67, Thr199 and Thr200). Despite the availability of high-resolution (similar to 1.0 angstrom) X-ray crystal structures of HCA II, there is currently no definitive information available on the positions and orientations of the H atoms of the solvent network or active-site amino acids and their ionization states. In preparation for neutron diffraction studies to elucidate this hydrogen-bonding network, perdeuterated HCA II has been expressed, purified, crystallized and its X-ray structure determined to 1.5 angstrom resolution. The refined structure is highly isomorphous with hydrogenated HCA II, especially with regard to the active-site architecture and solvent network. This work demonstrates the suitability of these crystals for neutron macromolecular crystallography. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. European Mol Biol Lab, Grenoble Outstn, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Univ Florida, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP McKenna, R (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, POB 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM rmckenna@ufl.edu RI myles, dean/D-5860-2016 OI myles, dean/0000-0002-7693-4964 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM25154, R01 GM025154] NR 27 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1744-3091 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 62 BP 6 EP 9 DI 10.1107/S1744309105038248 PN 1 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 996JB UT WOS:000234169100002 PM 16511248 ER PT J AU Chen, TH Xu, HF Wang, YF Qing, CS Fan, MD Chen, G AF Chen, TH Xu, HF Wang, YF Qing, CS Fan, MD Chen, G TI Structural evolvement of heating treatment of Mg/Al-LDH and preparation of mineral mesoporous materials SO ACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA-ENGLISH EDITION LA English DT Article DE hydrotalcite; layered double hydroxides; mesoporous materials ID HYDROTALCITE AB Although hydrotalcite, or layered double hydroxides (LDHs), is not a common mineral, it is an important material that can be easily synthesized in laboratory. In this study, structural evolvement and BET surface area changes of heat treated Mg/Al-LDH is evaluated by XRD, TEM and N-2-BET analyses. The results indicate that the magnesium-aluminum LDH with carbonate as interlayer anion, periclase-like oxides was formed at temperatures of 400-800 degrees C. Meanwhile, 2-3 nanometer mesoporous were formed during decomposition of LDH. However, the heat treated samples still preserve the morphology of the original LDH plates. Periclase-like formed from LDH heat treatment may re-hydrolyze and recover the structure of LDH. However, crystallinity of the recovered LDH is lower than that of the original LDH. This heat treatment will result in formation of (Mg, Al)-oxide nano-crystals and nanopores among the nano-crystals. When heating temperature exceeds 1000, the periclase-like (Mg, Al)-oxide is transformed into a composite with periclase (MgO) and spinel phases. The periclase can be re-hydrolyzed and dissolved in HCl solution. After acid treatment, the sample with a high surface area is composed of spinel nano-crystals and nanopores among them. Our results will provide a new and economic way to synthesize mesoporous materials through pathways of phase transformation of precursor materials with different composition. C1 Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Nat Resources & Environm Engn, Hefei 230009, Anhui, Peoples R China. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geol & Geophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Chen, TH (reprint author), Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Nat Resources & Environm Engn, Hefei 230009, Anhui, Peoples R China. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 14 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC CHINA PI BEIJING PA 26 BAIWANZHUANG, FUWAI, BEIJING 100037, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1000-9515 J9 ACTA GEOL SIN-ENGL JI Acta Geol. Sin.-Engl. Ed. PY 2006 VL 80 IS 2 BP 170 EP 174 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 041CJ UT WOS:000237430400002 ER PT J AU Marquis, EA Seidman, DN Asta, M Woodward, C AF Marquis, EA Seidman, DN Asta, M Woodward, C TI Composition evolution of nanoscale Al3Sc precipitates in an Al-Mg-Sc alloy: Experiments and computations SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE atom-probe tomography; ab initio calculations; Al3Sc precipitates; Mg segregation; coherent heterophase interface ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; 3-DIMENSIONAL ATOM-PROBE; WAVE BASIS-SET; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TRANSITION; INTERFACES; DIFFUSION; ALUMINUM; METALS; CREEP AB Controlling the distribution of chemical constituents within complex, structurally heterogeneous systems represents one of the fundamental challenges of alloy design. We demonstrate how the combination of recent developments in sophisticated experimental high resolution characterization techniques and ab initio theoretical methods provide the basis for a detailed level of understanding of the microscopic factors governing compositional distributions in metallic alloys. In a study of the partitioning of Mg in two-phase ternary Al-Sc-Mg alloys by atom-probe tomography, we identify a large Mg concentration enhancement at the coherent alpha-Al/Al3Sc heterophase interface with a relative Gibbsian interfacial excess of Mg with respect to Al and Sc, Gamma(Mg)(rel), equal to 1.9 +/- 0.5 atom nm(-2). The corresponding calculated value of Gamma(Mg)(rel) is similar to 1.2 atom nm(-2). Theoretical ab initio investigations establish an equilibrium driving force for Mg interfacial segregation that is primarily chemical in nature and reflects the strength of the Mg-Sc interactions in an Al-rich alloy. (c) 2005 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Phys Mat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Seidman, DN (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM d-seidman@northwestern.edu RI Seidman, David/B-6697-2009; LAI, JING/F-6526-2010; Marquis, Emmanuelle/O-5647-2014 OI Marquis, Emmanuelle/0000-0002-6476-2835 NR 39 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 54 IS 1 BP 119 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.08.035 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 991AM UT WOS:000233784500013 ER PT J AU Biner, SB AF Biner, SB TI Ductility of bulk metallic glasses and their composites with ductile reinforcements: A numerical study SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE bulk metallic glass; constitutive model; void growth; ductility; pressure sensitivity ID PRESSURE-SENSITIVE MATRICES; VOID NUCLEATION; PLASTIC-FLOW; SHEAR BANDS; INSTRUMENTED INDENTATION; DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; FRICTIONAL MATERIALS; STRONG DISCONTINUITY; ENHANCED PLASTICITY; THERMAL-STABILITY AB Yield behavior of bulk metallic glasses containing voids is elucidated by using unit-cell analyses and the relevant material parameters; and the results are compared with the available constitutive models. These analyses clearly show that caution is needed when transferring the constitutive models associated with void growth and ductile damage in usual metallic materials to bulk metallic glasses, largely because of the different deformation modes in bulk metallic glasses resulting from the pressure dependency of the yield surface and intrinsic softening behavior. With the constitutive model calibrated from the unit-cell analysis, the influences of a wide range of parameters (mechanical properties, volume fraction and morphology of ductile reinforcements) on the ductility of metallic glass composites are explored. The results indicate that, even though the ductile reinforcements may alter the evolution and morphology of the shear bands, the overall failure behavior is still controlled by the metallic glass matrix, leading to very little or no improvement in the composite ductility in comparison to the ductility of metallic glass matrix. The results are compared with experimental studies available in the literature. (c) 2005 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Biner, SB (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM sbbiner@iastate.edu NR 63 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 54 IS 1 BP 139 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.08.043 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 991AM UT WOS:000233784500015 ER PT J AU Schwarz, RB Khachaturyan, AG AF Schwarz, RB Khachaturyan, AG TI Thermodynamics of open two-phase systems with coherent interfaces: Application to metal-hydrogen systems SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE hydrides; hysteresis; coherency strain; decomposition ID PHASE-EQUILIBRIA AB We develop a thermodynamic theory for the absorption/desorption of interstitial atoms by a solid crystalline host forming a coherent mixture of two phases with different compositions of interstitial solutes. It is shown that the misfit-generated strain produces a macroscopic energy barrier between the transforming phases. The energy barrier is proportional to the macroscopic volume and thus cannot be surmounted by the thermally assisted nucleation of the new phase. The barrier splits the phase-transition pressure (temperature) into two pressures (temperatures): one during increase of pressure (cooling) and another during decrease of pressure (heating). The difference between these pressures (temperatures) determines the system hysteresis. It is also shown that the chemical potential of interstitials within the two-phase region of the coherent phase diagram is a linear function of composition rather than a constant, as is the case in the absence of coherency strains. We apply the theory to the absorption/desorption of H atoms by a metal that is free to exchange hydrogen atoms with an external source (reservoir). The theory explains the ubiquitous hysteresis in the 'plateaus' of the pressure-composition isotherms and the critical pressure-composition point for the disappearance of the hysteresis. The proposed theory is generic in the sense that it is applicable to any open interstitial systems forming coherent hydrides or other interstitial phases in the host lattice of the same symmetry. (c) 2005 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct Property Relationship Grp MST 8, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ceram & Mat Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. RP Schwarz, RB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct Property Relationship Grp MST 8, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rxzs@lanl.gov NR 19 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 54 IS 2 BP 313 EP 323 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.08.044 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 004XE UT WOS:000234785200004 ER PT J AU Biegun, A Stephan, E Kistryn, S Bodek, K Ciepal, I Deltuva, A Epelbaum, E Glockle, W Golak, J Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N Kamada, H Kis, M Klos, B Kozela, A Kuros-Zolnierczuk, J Mahjour-Shafiei, M Meissner, UG Micherdzinska, A Nogga, A Sauer, PU Skibinski, R Sworst, R Witala, H Zejma, J Zipper, W AF Biegun, A Stephan, E Kistryn, S Bodek, K Ciepal, I Deltuva, A Epelbaum, E Glockle, W Golak, J Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N Kamada, H Kis, M Klos, B Kozela, A Kuros-Zolnierczuk, J Mahjour-Shafiei, M Meissner, UG Micherdzinska, A Nogga, A Sauer, PU Skibinski, R Sworst, R Witala, H Zejma, J Zipper, W TI Three-nucleon force effects in the analyzing powers of the (d)over-right-arrowp breakup at 130 MeV SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics CY AUG 30-SEP 06, 2005 CL Piaski, POLAND SP BMBF & Res Ctr AB A measurement of the analyzing powers for the H-1((d) over right arrow pp)n breakup reaction at 130 MeV polarized deuteron beam energy was carried out at KVI Groningen. The experimental setup covered a large fraction of the phase space. Obtained tensor analyzing powers T-22 for selected kinematical configurations have been compared to theoretical predictions based on various approaches: the rigorous Faddeev calculations using the realistic nucleon-nucleon potentials with and without three nucleon force (3NF) models, predictions of the chiral perturbation theory, and coupled channel calculations with the explicit Delta degrees of freedom. In the presented configurations the results of all predictions are very close to one another and there are no significant 3NF influences. Not all of the data can be satisfactory reproduced by the theoretical calculations. C1 Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. Univ Nova Lisboa, CFN, P-1649003 Lisbon, Portugal. Div Theory, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, ITP 2, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Kernfys Versneller Inst, NL-9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands. KIT, Dept Phys, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8048550, Japan. Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Univ Bonn, ISKP, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. Forschungszentrum Julich, IKP Theorie, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Univ Hannover, ITP, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. RP Biegun, A (reprint author), Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. EM abiegun4@nuph.us.edu-pl RI Nogga, Andreas/A-3354-2008; Biegun, Aleksandra/J-8916-2013; Deltuva, Arnoldas/M-3749-2013 OI Nogga, Andreas/0000-0003-2156-748X; Deltuva, Arnoldas/0000-0002-0732-7749 NR 10 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS PI KRAKOW PA REYMONTA 4, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD JAN PY 2006 VL 37 IS 1 BP 213 EP 218 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 007NS UT WOS:000234977000023 ER PT S AU Klepeis, JE AF Klepeis, John E. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Introduction to first-principles electronic structure methods: Application to actinide materials SO ACTINIDES 2005-BASIC SCIENCE, APPLICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY SE Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID MEAN-FIELD THEORY AB The purpose of this paper is to provide an introduction for non-experts to first-principles electronic structure methods that are widely used in the field of condensed-matter physics, including applications to actinide materials. The methods I describe are based on density functional theory (DFT) within the local density approximation (LDA) and generalized gradient approximations (GGAs). In addition to explaining the meaning of this terminology I also describe the underlying theory itself in some detail in order to enable a better understanding of the relative strengths and weaknesses of the methods. I briefly mention some particular numerical implementations of DFT, including the linear muffin-tin orbital (LMTO), linear augmented plane wave (LAPW), and pseudopotential methods, as well as general methodologies that go beyond DFT and specifically address some of the weaknesses of the theory, The last third of the paper is devoted to a description of a few selected applications that illustrate the ideas discussed in the first two-thirds, including quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) simulations and applications to surfaces, impurities, and defects. I conclude by addressing the current controversy regarding magnetic DFT calculations for actinide materials. Throughout this paper particular emphasis is placed on providing the appropriate background to enable the nonexpert to gain a better appreciation of the application of first-principles electronic structure methods to the study of actinide and other materials. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Klepeis, JE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 3 EP 14 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800001 ER PT S AU Soderlind, P AF Soderlind, Per BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Phase stability in heavy f-electron metals from first-principles theory SO ACTINIDES 2005-BASIC SCIENCE, APPLICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY SE Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID 5F ELECTRONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; DELTA-PU; ALPHA-PU; PRESSURE; DELOCALIZATION; AMERICIUM; CURIUM; BERKELIUM; MAGNETISM AB The structural phase stability of heavy f-electron metals is studied by means of density functional theory (DFr). These include temperature-induced transitions in plutonium metal as well as pressure-induced transitions in the trans-plutonium metals Am, Cm, Bk, and Cf. The early actinides (Th-Np) display phases that could be rather well understood from the competition of a crystal-symmetry breaking mechanism (Peierls distortion) of the 5f states and electrostatic forces, while for the trans-plutonium metals (Am-Cf) the ground-state structures are governed by 6d bonding. We show in this paper that new physics is needed to understand the phases of the actinides in the volume range of about 15-30 A. At these volumes one would expect, from theoretical arguments made in the past, to encounter highly complex crystal phases due to a Peierls distortion. Here we argue that the symmetry reduction associated with spin polarization can make higher symmetry phases competitive. Taking this into account, DFT is shown to describe the well-known phase diagram of plutonium and also the recently discovered complex and intriguing high-pressure phase diagrams of Am and Cm. The theory is further applied to investigate the behaviors of Bk and Cf under compression. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Soderlind, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 15 EP 26 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800002 ER PT S AU Landa, A Soderlind, P AF Landa, Alex Soderlind, Per BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Relativistic effects on the equation of state of the light actinides SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; METALS AB The effect of the relativistic spin-orbit (SO) interaction on the bonding in the early actinides has been investigated by means of electronic-structure calculations. Specifically, the equation of state (EOS) for the face-centered cubic (fee) model systems of these metals has been calculated from the first-principles density-functional theory (DFT). Traditionally, the SO interaction in electronic-structure methods is implemented as a perturbation to the Hamiltonian that is solved for basis functions that explicitly do not depend on SO coupling. Here this approximation is shown to compare well with the fully relativistic Dirac treatment. It is further shown that SO coupling has a gradually increasing effect on the EOS as one proceeds through the actinides and the effect is diminished as density increases. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Landa, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 51 EP 56 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800006 ER PT S AU Joyce, JJ Wills, JM Durakiewicz, T Butterfield, MT Guziewicz, E Graham, KS Sarrao, JL Arko, AJ Bauer, ED Moore, DP Morales, LA Eriksson, O AF Joyce, J. J. Wills, J. M. Durakiewicz, T. Butterfield, M. T. Guziewicz, E. Graham, K. S. Sarrao, J. L. Arko, A. J. Bauer, E. D. Moore, D. P. Morales, L. A. Eriksson, O. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Localized and itinerant states in Pu materials SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; DELTA-PLUTONIUM; ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION; EQUILIBRIUM PROPERTIES; PHOTOEMISSION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ADSORPTION; OXIDES; LAYERS AB The electronic structure of Pu materials is examined using photoelectron spectroscopy. For delta-phase Pu metal as well as PuCoGa5 and PuIn3, the 5f electrons appear to be at the threshold between localized and itinerant character. A mixed level model computational scheme is used which results in non-magnetic solutions for the electronic structure and agrees well with the photoemission measurements. Several other computational schemes are assessed against photoemission results for delta Pu. Additional insight is provided by O-2 and H-2 dosing of the delta Pu samples and consideration of surface effects. The experimental and computational results are consistent with the 5f electrons in Pit materials exhibiting a dual nature with some fraction of the 5f levels localized and not participating in the bonding while the other fraction of 5f character is involved in bonding and hybridization with the conduction electrons. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Joyce, JJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014; Guziewicz, Elzbieta/S-4910-2016; OI Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374; Guziewicz, Elzbieta/0000-0001-6158-5258; Durakiewicz, Tomasz/0000-0002-1980-1874 NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 59 EP 68 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800007 ER PT S AU Moore, KT Soderlind, P Schwartz, AJ Laughlin, DE AF Moore, K. T. Soederlind, P. Schwartz, A. J. Laughlin, D. E. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Symmetry reduction of delta-plutonium: an electronic-structure effect SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID ALLOYS; MAGNETISM; ALUMINUM; METALS AB Using first-principles density-functional theory calculations, we show that the anomalously large anisotropy of delta-plutonium is a consequence of greatly varying bond-strengths between the 12 nearest neighbors. Employing the calculated-bond strengths, we expand the tenants of classical crystallography by incorporating anisotropy of chemical bonds, which yields a structure with the monoclinic space group Cm for delta-plutonium rather than face-centered cubic Fm3m. The reduced space group for delta-plutonium enlightens why the ground state of the metal is monoclinic, why distortions of the metal are viable, and has considerable implications for the behavior of the material as it ages. These results illustrate how an expansion of classical crystallography that accounts for anisotropic electronic structure can explain complicated materials in a novel way. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Moore, KT (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 69 EP 77 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800008 ER PT S AU Tobin, JG Moore, KT Chung, BW Wall, MA Schwartz, AJ Ebbinghaus, BB Butterfield, MT Teslich, NE Bliss, RA Morton, SA Yu, SW Komesu, T Waddill, GD Van Der Laan, G Kutepov, AL AF Tobin, J. G. Moore, K. T. Chung, B. W. Wall, M. A. Schwartz, A. J. Ebbinghaus, B. B. Butterfield, M. T. Teslich, N. E., Jr. Bliss, R. A. Morton, S. A. Yu, S. W. Komesu, T. Waddill, G. D. van der Laan, G. Kutepov, A. L. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Experimental benchmarking of Pu electronic structure SO ACTINIDES 2005-BASIC SCIENCE, APPLICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY SE Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID METALS AB The standard method to determine the band structure of a condensed phase material is to (1) obtain a single crystal with a well defined surface and (2) map the bands with angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (occupied or valence bands) and inverse photoelectron spectroscopy (unoccupied or conduction bands). Unfortunately, in the case of Pu, the single crystals of Pu are either nonexistent, very small and/or having poorly defined surfaces. Furthermore, effects such as electron correlation and a large spin-orbit splitting in the 5f states have further complicated the situation. Thus, we have embarked upon the utilization of unorthodox electron spectroscopies, to circumvent the problems caused by the absence of large single crystals of Pu with well-defined surfaces. Our approach includes the techniques of resonant photoelectron spectroscopy [I], x-ray absorption spectroscopy [1,2,3,41, electron energy loss spectroscopy [2,3,4], Fano Effect measurements [5], and Bremstrahlung Isochromat Spectroscopy [6], including the utilization of micro-focused beams to probe single-crystallite regions of polycrystalline Pu samples. [2,3,6] C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Tobin, JG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM Tobin1@LLNL.Gov RI Chung, Brandon/G-2929-2012 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 79 EP 90 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800009 ER PT S AU Chung, BW Schwartz, A Ebbinghaus, BB Fluss, MJ Haslam, JJ Blobaum, KJM Tobin, JG AF Chung, B. W. Schwartz, Aj. Ebbinghaus, B. B. Fluss, M. J. Haslam, J. J. Blobaum, K. J. M. Tobin, J. G. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Evidence for the spectroscopic signature of aging in delta-Pu(Ga) SO ACTINIDES 2005-BASIC SCIENCE, APPLICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY SE Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc AB Plutonium, because of its radioactive nature, ages from the "inside out" by means of self-irradiation damage and thus produces nanoscale internal defects. The self-irradiation induced defects come in the form of Frenkel-type defects (vacancies and self-interstitial atoms), helium in-growth, and defect clusters. At present there are neither experimental nor theoretical models describing the changes in the electronic structure caused by the aging in Pu. This fact appears to be associated primarily with the absence of reasonably convincing spectroscopic evidence of the changes. This paper demonstrates that Resonant Photoemission, a variant of Photoelectron Spectroscopy, has strong sensitivity to aging of Pu samples. The spectroscopic results are correlated with an extra-atomic screening model [1], and are shown to be the fingerprint of mesoscopic or nanoscale internal damage in the Pu physical structure. This means that a spectroscopic signature of internal damage due to aging in Pu has been established. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Chung, BW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Chung, Brandon/G-2929-2012 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 91 EP 93 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800010 ER PT S AU Nelson, EJ Allen, PG Blobaum, KJM Wall, MA Booth, CH AF Nelson, E. J. Allen, P. G. Blobaum, K. J. M. Wall, M. A. Booth, C. H. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Local structure and vibrational properties of (alpha-Pu and the alpha-U charge density wave SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; FINE-STRUCTURE SPECTROSCOPY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; LOW-TEMPERATURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; PUGA ALLOYS; URANIUM; PLUTONIUM; STATE AB The local atomic environment and vibrational properties of monoclinic alpha-Pu, orthorhombic alpha-U, and the alpha-U charge-density-wave (CDW) modulation are examined by extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS). Debye-Waller factors from temperature-dependent EXAFS measurements are fit to a correlated Debye model. The observed Pu-Pu bond Debye temperature is theta(cD)(alpha-Pu) = 162 +/- 5 K for the pure alpha-Pu phase. The temperature dependence of the U-U nearest neighbor and second nearest neighbor Debye-Waller factors exhibits a sharp discontinuity in slope near TCDW = 43 K, the transition temperature at which the charge-density wave (CDW) in alpha-U occurs. Our measurement of the CDW using EXAFS is the first observation of the structure of the CDW in polycrystalline alpha-U. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Nelson, EJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 109 EP 114 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800013 ER PT S AU Wills, JM Lizarraga, R Joyce, JJ Durakiewicz, T Sarrao, JL Morales, L Eriksson, O AF Wills, J. M. Lizarraga, R. Joyce, J. J. Durakiewicz, T. Sarrao, J. L. Morales, L. Eriksson, O. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Electronic structure calculations of electronic and structural properties of plutonium 115 compounds SO ACTINIDES 2005-BASIC SCIENCE, APPLICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY SE Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID SPIN-DENSITY APPROXIMATION; SYSTEMS; PICTURE; DELTA AB The 5f electronic states in elemental Pu and Pu compounds exhibit elements of both itinerant and localized behavior. Several first-principles calculations have been presented to describe this balance, differing in the manner in which electron correlation is included in the calculation. This paper describes a calculations performed with the Mixed Level Model (MLM), presenting calculated results for the two Pit compounds, PuRhGa(5) and PuCoGa(5). The MLM results are compared with other calculations and the differences discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Equat State & Mech Mat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wills, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Equat State & Mech Mat Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014; OI Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374; Durakiewicz, Tomasz/0000-0002-1980-1874 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 117 EP 124 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800014 ER PT S AU Bauer, ED Durakiewicz, T Butterfield, MT Guziewicz, E Joyce, JJ Olson, CG Morales, LA Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD AF Bauer, E. D. Durakiewicz, T. Butterfield, M. T. Guziewicz, E. Joyce, J. J. Olson, C. G. Morales, L. A. Sarrao, J. L. Thompson, J. D. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Electronic structure of PuCoGa5 and UCoGa5 SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID DELTA-PLUTONIUM; PU; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; CONFIGURATION; PICTURE AB The electronic structure of the Pu-based superconductor PuCoGa5 and the Pauli paramagnet UCoGa5 is investigated using photoemission spectroscopy. The photoemission data of PuCoGa5 reveal features at the Fermi energy E-F and about 1-1.5 eV below E-F indicative of itinerant and localized f-electrons, respectively. Angle-resolved spectra of UCoGa5 show two peaks at similar energies that are highly dispersive providing evidence for itinerant character of the f-electrons in this material. A comparison of the PuCoGa5 and UCoGa5 data to the spectra of alpha-Pu and delta-Pu serves to place PuCoGa5 within the context of the more general electronic structure problem in elemental Pu. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bauer, ED (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Guziewicz, Elzbieta/S-4910-2016 OI Guziewicz, Elzbieta/0000-0001-6158-5258 NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 125 EP 131 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800015 ER PT S AU Chia, EEM Lee, HJ Hur, N Bauer, ED Durakiewicz, T Averitt, RD Sarrao, JL Taylor, AJ AF Chia, Elbert E. M. Lee, H. J. Hur, Namjung Bauer, E. D. Durakiewicz, T. Averitt, R. D. Sarrao, J. L. Taylor, A. J. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Ultrafast dynamics of the itinerant antiferromagnet UNiGa5 SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID FERMI-SURFACE PROPERTIES; FEMTOSECOND SPECTROSCOPY; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PARTICLE; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; RELAXATION; MAGNETISM AB Time-resolved photoinduced reflectivity data were measured for the itinerant antiferromagnet UNiGa5 (T-N approximate to 85 K) from room temperature down to 10 K. The relaxation time tau increases sharply near T-N, which we attribute to the opening of a spin gap. In addition, at the lowest temperatures tau increases with a T-I dependence, which is similar to that shown by the heavy fermion YbAgCu4, but with no blocking of electron-phonon scattering within the DOS peak. The transient amplitude increase at T-N with a temperature dependence that is consistent with the appearance of a spin gap. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chia, EEM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Chia, Elbert/B-6996-2011 OI Chia, Elbert/0000-0003-2066-0834 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 149 EP 154 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800018 ER PT S AU McCall, S Fluss, MJ Chung, W Chapline, GF Jackson, DD McElfresh, MW AF McCall, S. Fluss, M. J. Chung, W. Chapline, G. F. Jackson, D. D. McElfresh, M. W. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Emerging magnetism arising from self damage in alpha- and delta-Pu SO ACTINIDES 2005-BASIC SCIENCE, APPLICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY SE Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID PLUTONIUM METAL; GROUND-STATE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; RESISTIVITY; IRRADIATION; ELECTRONS; HEAT; ION AB As a consequence of the unusual nature of plutonium's electronic structure, point- and extended-defects are expected to, and do exhibit extraordinary properties[1]. Low temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements on Pu and fcc-Pu(Ga) show that the magnetic susceptibility increases as a function of time, yet upon annealing the specimen returns to its initial magnetic susceptibility. This excess magnetic susceptibility (EMS) arises from the alpha-decay and U recoil damage cascades which produce vacancy and interstitials as point and extended defects. The temperature of the first annealing stage defines a temperature (< 35K) below which we are able to characterize the time and temperature evolution of the accumulating damage cascades as being a saturation function. The temperature dependence of the EMS is well described by a time independent, Curie-Weiss curve arising from a volumetric region surrounding each U damage cascade. This saturation picture also leads directly to a determination of the microscopic volume of the specimen that is affected by the frozen-in damage cascade. For our measurements in delta-Pu we calculate a diameter of the magnetically affected volume of similar to 250A per damage cascade. This should be compared with an estimated volume that encloses the damage cascade itself (determined from molecular dynamics) of -100 A. Hence, the ratio of these volumes is similar to 8. The observed anomalous magnetic behavior is likely a consequence of the highly correlated nature of the electrons. Sindlarities with defects in hole-doped superconductors suggest a general phenomenon in strongly correlated electron systems, of which Pu may be a particularly unusual or special example. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McCall, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI McCall, Scott/G-1733-2014; Chung, Brandon/G-2929-2012 OI McCall, Scott/0000-0002-7979-4944; NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 157 EP 167 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800019 ER PT S AU Blobaum, KJM Krenn, CR Wall, MA Massalski, TB Schwartz, AJ AF Blobaum, K. J. M. Krenn, C. R. Wall, M. A. Massalski, T. B. Schwartz, A. J. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Evidence of embryo formation as a precursor to the delta to alpha-prime transformation in a Pu-Ga alloy SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID RADIATION-ENHANCED DIFFUSION AB It was experimentally observed that a single Pu-2.0 at% Ga sample can be thermally cycled many times, with nearly the same amount of transformation and reversion during each cycle, provided that the sample is annealed at 375 degrees C for 8 hours and then conditioned at 25 degrees C for at least 6 hours. The ambient temperature conditioning period is crucial for obtaining the same amount of transformation to alpha-prime in each thermal cycle. Here, we present results from a series of experiments that investigate the effects of conditioning time and temperature on alpha-prime formation. When the sample is conditioned at 25 degrees C for times between 0 and 6 hours, the amount of alpha-prime formed is a function of conditioning time. For conditioning treatments between 6 and 70 hours, however, the amount of alpha-prime formed is nearly constant. Conditioning treatments at -50 degrees C, 150 degrees C, and 370 degrees C all resulted in less alpha-prime formation than the 25 degrees C treatments. We hypothesize that embryos of the thermodynamically stable alpha phase forin during the conditioning treatments, and these embryos forin alpha-prime upon subsequent cooling. This result is an indirect confirmation of the Russian Pu-Ga equilibrium phase diagram. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Blobaum, KJM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Burns, Peter/J-3359-2013 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 169 EP 174 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800020 ER PT S AU Hsiung, L Zhou, JC AF Hsiung, Luke Zhou, Jikou BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Spinodal ordering and precipitation in U-6 wt % Nb SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID ALLOYS AB A combinative approach of microhardness testing, tensile testing, and TEM microstructural analysis was employed to study the microstructure and mechanical instability of a water-quenched U-6wt.% Nb (WQ-U6Nb) alloy subjected to different aging schedules including artificial aging at 200 degrees C, 15-year natural aging at ambient temperatures, and 15-year natural aging followed by accelerative aging at 200 degrees C. The changes in mechanical property during and after the aging processes were examined using microhardness and tensile-testing methods. During the early stages of artificial aging at 200 degrees C, the microhardness of WQ-U6Nb alloy increased, i.e., age hardening, as a result of the development of nanoscale modulation caused by spinodal decomposition. Coarsening of the modulated structure occurred after a prolonged aging at 200 degrees C for 16 hours, and it led to a decrease of microhardness, i.e., age softening. Phase instability was also found to occur in WQ-U6Nb alloy that was subjected to a 15-year natural aging at ambient temperatures. The formation of partially ordered domains resulting from a spinodal modulation with an atomic-scale wavelength rendered the appearance of swirl-shape antiphase domain boundaries (APBs) observed in TEM images. Although it did not cause a significant change in microhardness, 15-year natural aging has dramatically affected the aging mechanisms of the alloy isothermally aged at 200 degrees C. Microhardness values of the NA alloy continuously increased after isothermal aging at 200 degrees C for 96 hours as a result of the phase decomposition of partially ordered domains into Nb-depleted alpha phase and Nb-enriched U3Nb ordered phase in the alloy. It is concluded that the long-term natural aging changes the transformation pathway of WQ-U6Nb, and it leads to order-disorder transformation and precipitation hardening of WQ-U6Nb alloy. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hsiung, L (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, POB 808,L-352, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 175 EP 182 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800021 ER PT S AU Shukla, P Lin, Y Minogue, EM Burrell, AK McCleskey, TM Jia, QX Lu, P AF Shukla, Piyush Lin, Yuan Minogue, Edel M. Burrell, Anthony K. McCleskey, T. Mark Jia, Quanxi Lu, Ping BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Polymer Assisted Deposition (PAD) of thin metal films: A new technique to the preparation of metal oxides and reduced metal films SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID NICKEL AB Currently, there are a variety of techniques to deposit metal thin films ranging from high vacuum techniques such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD), through to solution methods like sot-gel. While the vacuum techniques can be limited by size and cost, sol-gel can be limited be the availability of appropriate precursors. All of these techniques have the further limitation that they cannot be used to coat porous materials conformally. Polymer assisted deposition (PAD) addresses some of the limitations of sol-gel and costs of high vacuum techniques. PAD utilizes an aqueous polymer to bind a metal or metal complex that serves both to encapsulate the metal to prevent chemical reaction and maintain an even distribution of the metal in solution. Another advantage that PAD has is that the same solution can be used as precursors for the growth of metal oxide or reduced metal films. Herein, we report on the utility of PAD in preparing metal oxide films used to conformally coat porous material and reduced metal films. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shukla, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI McCleskey, Thomas/J-4772-2012; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; lin, yuan/B-9955-2013 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 183 EP 188 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800022 ER PT S AU Oudot, BJP Blobaum, KJM Wall, MA Schwartz, AJ AF Oudot, B. J. P. Blobaum, K. J. M. Wall, M. A. Schwartz, A. J. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Isothermal delta/alpha' transformation and TTT diagram in a plutonium gallium alloy SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc AB Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is used as an alternative approach to determining the time-temperature-transformation (TTT) diagram for the martensitic delta to alpha-prime transformation in a Pu-2.0 at% Ga alloy. Previous work sugests that the TTT diagram for a similar alloy exhibits an unusual double-C curve for isothermal holds of less than 100 minutes. Here, we extend this diagram to 18 hours, and confirm the double-C curve behavior. When the sample is cooled prior to the isothermal holds, the delta to alpha-prime transformation is observed as several overlapping exothermic peaks. These peaks are very reproducible; and they are believed to be the result of different kinds of delta to alpha-prime martensitic transformation. This may be due to the presence of different nucleation sites and/or different morphologies. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Oudot, BJP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 189 EP 194 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800023 ER PT S AU Caculitan, N Siekhaus, W AF Caculitan, Nina Siekhaus, Wigbert BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI The growth of epitaxial uranium oxide observed by micro-Raman spectroscopy SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID DIOXIDE AB Raman spectroscopy can be pet-formed with micrometer resolution and can thus be used to determine the dependence of oxide thickness on the substrate's grain structure or local impurity inclusions. The Raman signal amplitude emitted from an epitaxial uranium oxide layer as a function of oxide thickness has been modeled for light of 632.8 nm wavelength incident on the oxide and reflected from the uranium substrate using the optical properties determined by spectrophotornetry. The model shows that the Raman signal increases with oxide thickness and saturates at about 150 nm thickness. The model was compared with the measured Raman signal amplitude of an epitaxial uranium oxide layer growing in air with a known time dependence of oxide growth. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Caculitan, N (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 201 EP 206 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800025 ER PT S AU Blobaum, KJM Mitchell, JN Krenn, CR Wall, MA Massalski, TB Schwartz, AJ AF Blobaum, K. J. M. Mitchell, J. N. Krenn, C. R. Wall, M. A. Massalski, T. B. Schwartz, A. J. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Burst martensitic transformations in a Pu-Ga alloy SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; STABILITY AB Martensitic transformations can occur via two modes: thermoelastic and burst. In thermoelastic martensites, deformation can be accommodated elastically and transformations occur smoothly with changes in temperature or stress. Burst martensitic transformations require both elastic and plastic deformation to accommodate strain; individual martensite particles form at the speed of sound, and the overall accumulation of martensite may increase in discrete, incremental steps. Here, we examine a unique martensitic transformation and reversion in a Pu-2.0 at% Ga alloy and show evidence that they proceed via the burst mode. Upon cooling from ambient conditions, the metastable delta phase partially transforms martensitically to the alpha-prime phase with a volume contraction of 20%. This large volume change suggests a burst transformation. Furthermore, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), we observed that the alpha-prime to delta reversion proceeds in discrete increments, which appear as sharp peaks in DSC data. The DSC data is compared to similar results obtained using dilatometry and resistometry. This incremental progression is believed to be the result of autocatalytic cascades of many alpha-prime particles reverting nearly-simultaneously to the delta phase. Finite-element modeling suggests that residual stresses in the regions of reverted alpha-prime particles may catalyze (or retard) additional transformation. These stresses could initiate cascades of alphaprime particles that revert nearly-simultaneously. The cascades are likely quenched by stress and/or temperature changes resulting from the transformation itself. During the forward delta to alpha-prime transformation, burst events are not observed with the above techniques. The transformation, however, is still expected to proceed via the burst martensite mode because of the large volume changes required. Because alpha-prime must be nucleated in the delta matrix before it can grow as an individual burst, the transformation may not occur cooperatively. These individual bursts may be too small to be resolved by the above techniques, and the signal observed corresponds to a cumulative total of all the events. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Blobaum, KJM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 215 EP 220 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800027 ER PT S AU Soderholm, L Skanthakumar, S Burns, PC Forbes, T AF Soderholm, L. Skanthakumar, S. Burns, Peter C. Forbes, Tori BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Similarities between the coordination of actinide tons in solution and the structure of their related crystalline phases SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID CATION-CATION INTERACTIONS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ION; PERCHLORATE; SPECIATION; SCATTERING; COMPLEXES AB High-energy x-ray scattering (HEXS) is used to probe correlations about selected actinide ions in solution. The experiments were designed to favor homoleptic water coordination in order to compare the preferred structural environment Of UO22+, NpO2+, and Cm3+ With similar ligands. In addition to comparisons between the three actinide ions in solution, the results from the HEXS studies are also compared with known solid state structures. Marked similarities are found between near- and next-near neighbor coordination in solution and in the solid state. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Soderholm, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Burns, Peter/J-3359-2013; OI Burns, Peter/0000-0002-2319-9628 NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 295 EP 303 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800034 ER PT S AU Rao, LF Tian, GX AF Rao, Linfeng Tian, Guoxin BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Complexation of actinides with amide derivatives of oxydiacetic acid SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID DEGREES-C; EXTRACTION; URANIUM(VI) AB Complexation of Np(V), U(VI) and Nd(III) with dimethyl-3-oxa-glutaramic acid (DMOGA) and tetramethyl-3-oxa-glutaramide (TMOGA) was studied in comparison with the complexation with oxydiacetic acid (ODA). Stability constants and enthalpy of complexation were determined by potentiometry, spectrophotometry and calorimetry. Thermodynamic parameters, in conjunction with structural information of solid compounds, indicate that DMOGA and TMOGA form tridentate complexes with the ether-oxygen participating in bonding with actinide/lanthanide ions. The trends in the stability constants, enthalpy and entropy of complexation are discussed in terms of the difference in the hydration of the amide groups and carboxylate groups and the difference in the charge density of the metal ions. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rao, LF (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 305 EP 314 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800035 ER PT S AU Powell, BA Rao, LF Nash, KL Martin, L AF Powell, Brian A. Rao, Linfeng Nash, Kenneth L. Martin, Leigh BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Behavior of uranium(VI) during HEDPA leaching for aluminum dissolution in tank waste sludges SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID PH; COMPLEXATION; ADSORPTION; FE(III); AL(III) AB Batch adsorption/dissolution experiments were conducted to examine the interactions between U-233(VI) and a synthetic aluminum oxyhydroxide (boehmite,gamma-A1OOH) in 1.0M NaCl suspensions containing 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphospbonic acid (HEDPA). In the pH range 4 to 9, complexation of Al(III) by HEDPA significantly enhanced dissolution of boehmite. This phenomenon was especially pronounced in the neutral pH region where the solubility of aluminum, in the absence of complexants, is limited by the formation of sparsely soluble aluminum hydroxides. At high pH levels, dissolution of synthetic boehmite was inhibited by HEDPA, likely due to sorption of Al(III)/HEDPA complexes. Addition of HEDPA to equilibrated U(VI)-synthetic boehmite suspensions yielded an increase in the aqueous phase uranium concentration. The concentration of uranium continually increased over 59 days. Partitioning of uranium between the solid and aqueous phase was found to correlate well with HEDPA partitioning. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Powell, BA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Powell, Brian /C-7640-2011; OI Powell, Brian /0000-0003-0423-0180; Martin, Leigh/0000-0001-7241-7110 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 337 EP 342 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800038 ER PT S AU Veirs, DK AF Veirs, D. Kirk BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Gas generation from water adsorbed onto pure plutonium dioxide powder SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID H-2 PRODUCTION; RADIOLYSIS; OXIDES AB The production of H-2 from alpha-particle radiolysis of water adsorbed onto plutonium dioxide powders has been studied. Plutonium dioxide powders with specific surface areas of 1.0 and 21 m(2)/g were used. The specific surface area strongly affects the amount of water adsorbed. At water coverage between 1 and 2 monolayers the H-2 yield per unit of energy deposited into the water is found to be between 0.05 and 0.13 molecules of H-2 per 100 eV adsorbed dose (5 to 12 nmols/s W). The H-2 Yield increases to between 0.29 and 0.58 molecules per 100 eV adsorbed dose (28 to 56 nmol/s W) when the number of adsorbed monolayers of water is between 10 and 20. The latter H-2 yield is similar to that of liquid water of 0.45 molecules per 100 eV adsorbed dose. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Veirs, DK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 343 EP 348 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800039 ER PT S AU Siekhaus, WJ Nelson, A AF Siekhaus, Wigbert J. Nelson, Art BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI The optical properties of a polished uranium surface and its epitaxial oxide, and the rate of oxide growth determined by spectrophotometry SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID SEMICONDUCTORS; DIELECTRICS AB Wide-band reflectrometry and ellipsometry have been used to determine the optical properties n and k of freshly polished uranium and of the epitaxial oxide layer, and also the rate of oxide growth in air. Results for uranium metal as well as for epitaxial oxide are compared with single wavelength ellipsometry literature values. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Siekhaus, WJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 349 EP 355 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800040 ER PT S AU Hay, PJ AF Hay, P. Jeffrey BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Theoretical studies of hydrogen and water adsorption on actinide oxide surfaces SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID PLUTONIUM; H-2 AB The adsorption of H2O on UO2 and PuO2 surfaces is studied using density functional theoretical approaches. Periodic slab models are employed to represent the oxide surface in which five layers of the oxide are explicitly treated. For both oxides the dihydroxyl form corresponding to dissociated H2O is more stable than molecularly adsorbed H2O on the (111) and (110) surfaces. Adsorption of H-2 on PuO2 and Pu2O3 is also investigated where stable forms corresponding to dissociated H atoms are found. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hay, PJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 363 EP 368 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800042 ER PT S AU McNamara, B Snow, L Soderquist, C Sinkov, S Cho, H Friese, J AF McNamara, Bruce Snow, Lance Soderquist, Chuck Sinkov, Sergei Cho, Herman Friese, Judah BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI The radiation induced chemistry of the uranyl cation in carbonate-bicarbonate solutions as followed by NMR spectroscopy SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID RADIOLYSIS; COMPLEXES; PEROXIDE AB Hydrogen peroxide formed by radiolysis of carbonate-bicarbonate media was followed by C-13 NMR using dissolved (UO2)-U-233((CO3)-C-13)(3)(4-) as the alpha source (D-alpha= 12.1 Gy/hr). It is shown that the speciation of the peroxide carbonates (or other species) that are formed in the pH region 5.9 and 11.6 by titration with hydrogen peroxide are common to those formed by hydrogen peroxide generated by radiolysis. Radiolytic generation of hydrogen peroxide was followed by observing the formation of a uranyl peroxide carbonate complex. Complex formation was observed to accelerate for about 1200 hours and to terminate between 1 x 10(-4) and 5 x 10(-4) M. It is assumed that either a steady state H2O2 production rate was established in solution or that some limiting feature of the experiment was responsible for slowing the yield of product. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP McNamara, B (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 369 EP 374 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800043 ER PT S AU Trelenberg, TW Glade, SC Tobin, JG Felter, TE Hamza, AV AF Trelenberg, Thomas W. Glade, Stephen C. Tobin, James G. Felter, Thomas E. Hamza, Alex V. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Oxidation of uranium nanoparticles produced via pulsed laser ablation SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID DEPOSITION; GAAS AB An experimental apparatus designed for the synthesis, via pulsed laser deposition, and analysis of metallic nanoparticles and thin films of plutonium and other actinides was tested on depleted uranium samples. Five nanosecond pulses from a Nd:YAG laser produced films of similar to 1600 angstrom thickness that were deposited showing an angular distribution typical of thermal ablation. The films remained contiguous for many months in vacuum but blistered due to induced tensile stresses several days after exposure to air. The films were allowed to oxidize from the residual water vapor within the chamber (2 x 10(-10) Torr base pressure). The oxidation was monitored by in-situ analysis techniques including x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and followed Langmuir kinetics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Trelenberg, TW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 381 EP 386 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800045 ER PT S AU Tian, GX Rao, LF AF Tian, Guoxin Rao, Linfeng BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Optical absorption, stability and structure of NPO2+ complexes with dicarboxylic acids SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID NEPTUNIUM(V); LIGANDS; IONS AB Complexation of NpO2+ with oxalic acid (OX), 2,2'-oxydiacetic acid (ODA), 2,2'-iminodiacetic acid (IDA) and 2,2'-thiodiacetic acid (TDA), has been studied using spectrophotometry in 1 M NaClO4. Both the position and the intensity of the absorption band of NpO2+ at 980 nm are affected by the formation of NpO2+/dicarboxylate complexes, providing useful information on the complexation strength, the coordination mode and the structure of the complexes. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tian, GX (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 405 EP 410 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800049 ER PT S AU Skanthakumar, S Soderholm, L AF Skanthakumar, S. Soderholm, L. BE Sarrao, JL Schwartz, AJ Antonio, MR Burns, PC Haire, RG Nitsche, H TI Studying actinide correlations in solution using high energy x-ray scattering SO Actinides 2005-Basic Science, Applications and Technology SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Actinides-Basic Science, Applications and Technology held at the 2005 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; DIFFRACTION; THORIUM(IV); HYDROLYSIS AB High energy x-ray scattering (HEXS) is becoming a valuable tool for quantifying actinide coordination environments in solution. The technique is described with and exemplified by a study on Th speciation. A comparison of data from two samples with pHs of 0 and 3.4 show differences in the Th structural environment that can be attributed to Th colloid formation at the higher pH. A further comparison of the HEXS. data from the colloidal sample with Th L-3-edge EXAFS data on the same sample clearly demonstrates the advantage of the scattering data when looking for correlations at second-near neighbor or longer distances. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Skanthakumar, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 15 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-847-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2006 VL 893 BP 411 EP 416 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BEG55 UT WOS:000237224800050 ER PT S AU Martin, ME Wabuyele, MB Panjehpour, M Phan, MN Overholt, BF Vo-Dinh, T AF Martin, Matthew E. Wabuyele, Musundi B. Panjehpour, Masoud Phan, Mary N. Overholt, Bergein F. Vo-Dinh, Tuan BE Cohn, GE Grundfest, WS Benaron, DA VoDinh, T TI Hyperspectral fluorescence imaging system for biomedical diagnostics - art. no. 60800Q SO Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostic Systems IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostic Systems IV CY JAN 22-24, 2006 CL San Jose, CA SP SPIE DE hyperspectral imaging (HSI); synchronous luminescence (SL); SL imaging (SLI); fluorescence imaging; biomedical optics; laser-induced fluorescence ID CANCER-DIAGNOSIS; VIVO; MICROSCOPE; ESOPHAGUS AB An advanced hyper-spectral imaging (HSI) system has been developed for use in medical diagnostics. One such diagnostic, esophageal cancer is diagnosed currently through biopsy and subsequent pathology. The end goal of this research is to develop an optical-based technique to assist or replace biopsy. In this paper, we demonstrate an instrument that has the capability to optically diagnose cancer in laboratory mice. We have developed a real-time HSI system based on state-of-the-art liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF) technology coupled to an endoscope. This unique HSI technology is being developed to obtain spatially resolved images of the slight differences in luminescent properties of normal versus tumorous tissues. In this report, an in-vivo mouse study is shown. A predictive measure of cancer for the mice studied is developed and shown. It is hoped that the results of this study will lead to advances in the optical diagnosis of esophageal cancer in humans. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Biomed Photon, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Martin, ME (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Biomed Photon, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6122-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6080 BP Q800 EP Q800 AR 60800Q DI 10.1117/12.664113 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BEF85 UT WOS:000237149100016 ER PT S AU Andrews, MJ Jebrail, FF AF Andrews, M. J. Jebrail, F. F. BE Sunden, B Brebbia, CA TI Atwood number effects in buoyancy driven flows SO Advanced Computational Methods in Heat Transfer IX SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Advanced Computational Methods in Heat Transfer CY JUL, 2006 CL Ashurst, ENGLAND SP Wessex Inst Technol, Lund Univ Technol, Dev Heat Transfer Book Series DE buoyancy; Boussinesq; Atwood number; natural convection AB Consideration is given to Atwood number (non-dimensional density difference) effects in buoyancy driven flows. Buoyancy driven (natural convection) flows may be treated as Boussinesq for small Atwood number, but as Atwood number increases (> 0.1, i.e. large temperature differences) the Boussinesq approximation is no longer valid and the distinct "bubble" and "spike" geometry of Rayleigh-Taylor buoyant plumes is formed. Aside from asymmetry in the flow the Atwood number also affects key turbulent mix parameters such as the molecular mix, and heat transfer coefficients. This paper will present recent experimental work being performed in the buoyancy driven mix laboratory at Texas A&M University with air/helium as mixing components. Corresponding numerical simulations performed at Los Alamos are presented for the experiments, and future directions for the research discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Andrews, MJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS LTD PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON S04 2AA, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 1746-4471 BN 1-84564-176-0 J9 WIT TRANS ENG SCI PY 2006 VL 53 BP 259 EP 268 DI 10.2495/HT060261 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA BEX25 UT WOS:000239953800026 ER PT S AU Nakagawa, N Inanc, F Frishman, A Thompson, RB Junker, WR Ruddy, FH Dulloo, AR Beatty, JM Arlia, NG AF Nakagawa, N. Inanc, F. Frishman, A. Thompson, R. B. Junker, W. R. Ruddy, F. H. Dulloo, A. R. Beatty, J. M. Arlia, N. G. BE Lee, SS Lee, JH Park, IK Song, SJ Choi, MY TI On-line NDE and structural health monitoring for advanced reactors SO ADVANCED NONDESTRUCTUVE EVALUATION I, PTS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS SE KEY ENGINEERING MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Advanced Nondestructive Evaluation CY NOV 07-09, 2005 CL Jeki Isl, SOUTH KOREA DE on-line health monitoring; safety by design; advanced reactor designs AB This paper considers the use of on-line structural health monitoring in advanced nuclear power systems such as IRIS. The motivation for the on-line health monitoring is to prevent routine maintenance from interrupting long-term continuous reactor operation. However, the outcome of the on-line monitoring implementation has a broader impact, and amounts to a paradigm shift in maintenance strategy from outage-based maintenance to continuous real-time monitoring of operational and structural integrity. Indeed, on-line health monitoring data will provide a foundation for diagnostics and prognostics (i.e., predictive) capabilities that will detect component degradation prior to failure, thus allowing for proactive rather than reactive maintenance strategies. Specifically, this paper briefly reports on our studies on (1) on-line monitoring strategy and its benefits, (2) candidate reactor components where on-line monitoring provides maximum benefits, (3) applicable on-line NDE sensor methodologies and conceptual sensor designs, and (4) model-based sensor performance estimations. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ctr NDE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Westinghouse Elect Corp, Sci & Technol Dept, Pittsburgh, PA 15235 USA. RP Nakagawa, N (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM nakagawa@iastate.edu; finac@iastate.edu; frishman@ameslab.gov; rbthomps@iastate.edu; junkerwr@westinghouse.com; ruddyfh@westinghouse.com; dullooar@westinghouse.com; beattyjm@westinghouse.com; arliang@westinghouse.com NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI ZURICH-UETIKON PA BRANDRAIN 6, CH-8707 ZURICH-UETIKON, SWITZERLAND SN 1013-9826 BN 0-87849-412-x J9 KEY ENG MAT PY 2006 VL 321-323 BP 234 EP 239 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BFE19 UT WOS:000241427900052 ER PT S AU Hehlen, MP Epstein, RI Inoue, H AF Hehlen, Markus P. Epstein, Richard I. Inoue, Hiroyuki BE Coufal, HJ Hasan, ZU Craig, AE TI Laser cooling of rare-earth-doped solids: The next step SO Advanced Optical and Quantum Memories and Computing III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Optical and Quantum Memories and Computing III CY JAN 24-25, 2006 CL San Jose, CA DE laser cooling; optical refrigeration; ytterbium; non-radiative relaxation; ZBLAN glass ID OPTICAL REFRIGERATION; GLASSES; PURIFICATION; STATES AB A quantitative description of optical refrigeration in rare-earth doped solids in the presence of impurities is presented. The model includes the competition of radiative processes with energy migration, energy transfer to transition-metal ions, and multiphonon relaxation. The cooling efficiency is sensitive to the presence of both 3d metal ions with absorption in the near infrared and high-frequency vibrational impurities such as OH. A case study of ZBLAN:Yb3+ identifies Cu2+, Fe2+ Co2+, and OH as the most problematic species and establishes a 1-10 ppm upper limit for each of these impurities for a practical ZBLAN:Yb3+ optical cryocooler operating at 100-150 K to become feasible. The model results form the basis for an advanced strategy for the synthesis of high-purity ZBLAN:Yb3+ that exploits the potential of available purification techniques in an aqueous intermediate step. Such high-performance ZBLAN:Yb3+ is expected to enable optical cryocoolers with similar to 1% overall efficiency at 120 K and find use in a wide range of applications that require highly reliable, noise-free, and vibration-free cooling of electronic and optoelectronic components. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hehlen, MP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6172-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6130 BP U119 EP U132 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Optics SC Computer Science; Optics GA BEI11 UT WOS:000237288300013 ER PT S AU Carrigan, RA AF Carrigan, RA BE Wiedemann, H TI Channeling at extremely high bunch charges and solid state plasma acceleration SO ADVANCED RADIATION SOURCES AND APPLICATIONS SE NATO Science Series II-Mathematics Physics and Chemistry LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Advanced Radiation Sources and Applications CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2004 CL Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan, ARMENIA SP NATO Sci Comm HO Yerevan Phys Inst DE channeling; channeling radiation; accelerators ID HIGH-ENERGY; LASER; RADIATION; ELECTRONS; BEAMS; CRYSTALS; DIAMOND; SILICON AB Plasma and laser acceleration suggest possible ways to circumvent the limitations of conventional acceleration technology. The potentially high plasma densities possible in solids might produce extremely high acceleration gradients. The daunting challenges of solid state plasmas are discussed. Crystal channeling has been suggested as a mechanism to ameliorate these problems. However a high-density plasma in a crystal lattice could quench the channeling process. There is no experimental or theoretical guidance on channeling for intense charged particle beams. An experiment has been carried out at the Fermilab A0 photoinjector to observe electron channeling radiation at high bunch charges. An electron beam with up to 8 nC per electron bunch was used to investigate the electron-crystal interaction. No evidence was found of quenching of channeling at charge densities two orders of magnitude larger than in earlier experiments. Possible new channeling experiments are discussed for the much higher bunch charge densities and shorter times required to probe channeling breakdown and plasma behavior. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2609 BN 1-4020-3448-2 J9 NATO SCI SER II-MATH PY 2006 VL 199 BP 115 EP 127 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BDW73 UT WOS:000235871800010 ER PT S AU Avakian, RH Avetisyan, AE Bosted, P Dallakian, KR Darbinian, SM Ispirian, KA Kerobyan, IA AF Avakian, RH Avetisyan, AE Bosted, P Dallakian, KR Darbinian, SM Ispirian, KA Kerobyan, IA BE Wiedemann, H TI A combined high energy Moeller and Compton polarimeter SO ADVANCED RADIATION SOURCES AND APPLICATIONS SE NATO Science Series II-Mathematics Physics and Chemistry LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Advanced Radiation Sources and Applications CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2004 CL Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan, ARMENIA SP NATO Sci Comm HO Yerevan Phys Inst DE electron beam; photon beam; polarization; polarimetry AB The properties of a polarimeter designed for the measurement of the degree of polarization of longitudinally polarized electrons and of circularly polarized photons at energies 10-40 GeV, which can be used in various fixed target experiments at SLAC and Jefferson Laboratory, have been investigated. C1 Yerevan Phys Inst, Brot Alikhanyan Str 2, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. Thomas Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Yerevan Phys Inst, Brot Alikhanyan Str 2, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. EM keropyan@mail.yerphi.am NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2609 BN 1-4020-3448-2 J9 NATO SCI SER II-MATH PY 2006 VL 199 BP 351 EP + PG 2 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BDW73 UT WOS:000235871800029 ER PT J AU Madhavan, R Messina, E AF Madhavan, R. Messina, E. TI Intelligent unmanned ground vehicle navigation via information evaluation SO ADVANCED ROBOTICS LA English DT Article DE entropy; information evaluation; sensor uncertainty; unmanned ground vehicles; localization and mapping ID LOCALIZATION; LANDMARKS AB Sensor-centric navigation of unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) operating in rugged and expansive terrains requires the competency to evaluate the utility of sensor information such that it results in intelligent behavior of the vehicles. Highly imperfect, inconsistent information and incomplete a priori knowledge introduce uncertainty in such unmanned navigation systems. Understanding and quantifying uncertainty yields a measure of useful information that plays a critical role in several robotic navigation tasks such as sensor fusion, mapping, localization, path planning and control. In this article, within a probabilistic framework, the utility of estimation and information-theoretic concepts towards quantifying uncertainty using entropy and mutual information metrics in various contexts of UGV navigation via experimental results is demonstrated. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Intelligent Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Madhavan, R (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Intelligent Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM raj.madhavan@ieee.org OI Messina, Elena/0000-0002-1727-9357 NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0169-1864 EI 1568-5535 J9 ADV ROBOTICS JI Adv. Robot. PY 2006 VL 20 IS 12 BP 1375 EP 1400 DI 10.1163/156855306778960608 PG 26 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA 127CF UT WOS:000243562200004 ER PT S AU Verley, JC Mani, SS Fleming, JG El-Kady, I Khraishi, T Taha, MMR AF Verley, J. C. Mani, S. S. Fleming, J. G. El-Kady, I. Khraishi, T. Taha, M. M. Reda BE Meyendorf, N Baaklini, GY Michel, B TI Experimental demonstration of using nano-photonic crystal sensor systems for submicron damage detection, quantification, and diagnoses - art. no. 617904 SO Advanced Sensor Technologies for Nondestructive Evaluation and Structural Health Monitoring II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Sensor Technologies for Nondestructive Evaluation and Structural Health Monitoring II CY MAR 01-02, 2006 CL San Diego, CA DE nano photonic sensors; photonic bandgap; damage diagnosis; finite difference time domain AB Photonic crystals (PC) are artificially fabricated crystals with a periodicity in the dielectric function. The spectral signature of such crystals is intricately tied to their underlying crystal lattice structural parameters. A result of this is that significant spectral changes can occur if damage is induced in the photonic crystal. In this work we present preliminary experimental results that demonstrate the possible use of photonic crystals as sensors for the detection, quantification and diagnosis of sub-micron damage. The experimentally observed variation in the reflection spectra of the photonic crystals is related to the damage induced in the material. A novel damage metric, based on principles of fuzzy pattern recognition, is introduced and is used to identify and quantify micro-damage in the photonic crystal. The corresponding damage metric is also presented and discussed. The detailed fabrication steps, as well as the advantages and limitations of this new approach are also addressed. It is concluded that photonic crystals can be successfully used for micro-damage quantification. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Photon Microsyst Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Verley, JC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Photon Microsyst Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI El-Kady, Ihab/D-2886-2013; Verley, Jason/C-2026-2008 OI El-Kady, Ihab/0000-0001-7417-9814; Verley, Jason/0000-0003-2184-677X NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6232-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6179 BP 17904 EP 17904 AR 617904 DI 10.1117/12.658676 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA BEO72 UT WOS:000238491300004 ER PT S AU White, RR Allan, A Evans, S Vestrand, WT Wren, J Wozniak, P AF White, R. R. Allan, A. Evans, S. Vestrand, W. T. Wren, J. Wozniak, P. BE Lewis, H Bridger, A TI Interconnecting astronomical networks: Evolving from single networks to meta-networks - art. no. 627409 SO Advanced Software and Control for Astronomy SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Software and Control for Astronomy CY MAY 24-26, 2006 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE robotic telescope; communication; interconnection; network; servers; clients AB Over the past four years we have seen continued advancement in network technology and how those technologies are beginning to enable astronomical science. Even though some sociological aspects are hindering full cooperation between most observatories and telescopes outside of their academic or institutional connections, an unprecedented step during the summer of 2005 was taken towards creating a world-wide interconnection of astronomical assets. The Telescope Alert Operations Network System (TALONS), a centralized server/client bi-directional network developed and operated by Los Alamos National Laboratory, integrated one of its network nodes with a node from the eScience Telescopes for Astronomical Research (eSTAR), a peer-to-peer agent based network developed and operated by The University of Exeter. Each network can act independently, providing support for their direct clients, and by interconnection provide local clients with access to; outside telescope systems, software tools unavailable locally, and the ability to utilize assets far more efficiently, thereby enabling science on a world-wide scale. In this paper we will look at the evolution of these independent networks into the worlds first heterogeneous telescope network and where this may take astronomy in the future. We will also examine those key elements necessary to providing universal communication between diverse astronomical networks. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP White, RR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Wozniak, Przemyslaw/0000-0002-9919-3310 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6339-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6274 BP 27409 EP 27409 AR 627409 DI 10.1117/12.671686 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics GA BFB36 UT WOS:000240720200010 ER PT S AU Marshall, S Thaler, J Schalk, T Huffer, M AF Marshall, Stuart Thaler, Jon Schalk, Terry Huffer, Michael CA LSST Camera Team BE Lewis, H Bridger, A TI LSST camera control system - art. no. 627422 SO Advanced Software and Control for Astronomy SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Software and Control for Astronomy CY MAY 24-26, 2006 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE control system; data acquisition AB The LSST Camera Control System (CCS) will manage the activities of the various camera subsystems and coordinate those activities with the LSST Observatory Control System (OCS). The CCS comprises a set of modules (nominally implemented in software) which are each responsible for managing one camera subsystem. Generally, a control module will be a long lived "server" process running on an embedded computer in the subsystem. Multiple control modules may run on a single computer or a module may be implemented in "firmware" on a subsystem. In any case control modules must exchange messages and status data with a master control module (MCM). The main features of this approach are: (1) control is distributed to the local subsystem level; (2) the systems follow a "Master/Slave" strategy; (3) coordination will be achieved by the exchange of messages through the interfaces between the CCS and its subsystems. The interface between the camera data acquisition system and its downstream clients is also presented. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Marshall, S (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, POB 20450, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6339-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6274 BP 27422 EP 27422 AR 627422 DI 10.1117/12.673226 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics GA BFB36 UT WOS:000240720200067 ER PT S AU Baker, KL Macintosh, BA Phillion, DW Poyneer, LA Bauman, BJ AF Baker, K. L. Macintosh, B. A. Phillion, D. W. Poyneer, L. A. Bauman, B. J. BE Ellerbroek, BL Calia, DB TI Interferometric wavefront sensors for extreme adaptive optics on the Thirty Meter Telescope - art. no. 62725D SO Advances in Adaptive Optics II, Prs 1-3 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Adaptive Optics II CY MAY 24-31, 2006 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE adaptive; optics AB Direct observation of extrasolar Jovian planets will enable detailed investigation and understanding of the formation of these planet populations and also of their relative abundance. Future large telescopes, such as the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), will enable the study of such planet populations at relatively small working distances from the parent star. W e present an analysis of an extreme adaptive optics system utilizing a self-referencing phase-shifting interferometer as the primary wave-front sensor. A module of the adaptive optics system consists of a conventional Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor to provide the initial start-up of the adaptive optics system, thereby placing a significant amount of energy into the core of the point spread function which will act as the reference for the primary interferometric wave-front sensor. The interferometric-based wave-front sensor is shown to provide a significant improvement in the achievable contrast ratio compared with conventional adaptive optics systems containing Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensors. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Baker, KL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6337-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6272 BP U1757 EP U1765 AR 62725D DI 10.1117/12.672405 PN 1-3 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BEZ51 UT WOS:000240348302057 ER PT S AU Palmer, D Gavel, D Gates, E AF Palmer, David Gavel, Donald Gates, Elinor BE Ellerbroek, BL Calia, DB TI Lick Observatory Adaptive Optics wavefront sensor upgrades - art. no. 62721D SO Advances in Adaptive Optics II, Prs 1-3 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Adaptive Optics II CY MAY 24-31, 2006 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE Adaptive Optics; wavefront sensor; tip/tilt sensor; laser guide star AB The wavefront sensor camera and tip/tilt sensor APDs that were on Lick Observatory's Shane 3 Meter Adaptive Optics system were over a decade old and showing their age. They were recently upgraded. The first upgrade was to convert from quad-APDs in the laser guidestar mode natural star tip-tilt sensor to a sensitive low-noise CCD. The new CCD in this position, an 80x80 E2V CCD-39 inside a SciMeasure camera, has a low enough read noise, similar to 3 e-/pixel, that the tip/tilt measurement in closed-loop operation is photon noise limited and thus benefits from the improved quantum efficiency of the CCD. We have demonstrated on-sky up to two magnitudes of improvement in viable tip/tilt star brightness, which greatly extends the available sky coverage in the laser guidestar AO mode. Also, the increased field of view of the new tip/tilt sensor provides a much more reliable means of acquiring and locking on dim tip/tilt stars, making the whole system operationally more efficient. In the second phase of the upgrade project, the high order wavefront sensor has been replaced, also with a CCD-39 chip in a SciMeasure camera. In this paper we will describe these upgrades and present preliminary performance results. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Palmer, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6337-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6272 BP U460 EP U469 AR 62721D DI 10.1117/12.672307 PN 1-3 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BEZ51 UT WOS:000240348300044 ER PT S AU Papavasiliou, AP Olivier, SS Barbee, TW Miles, RR Walton, CC Cohn, MB Chang, K AF Papavasiliou, Alexandros P. Olivier, Scot S. Barbee, Troy W. Miles, Robin R. Walton, Chris C. Cohn, Michael B. Chang, Kevin BE Ellerbroek, BL Calia, DB TI Deformable nanolaminate optics - art. no. 62722N SO Advances in Adaptive Optics II, Prs 1-3 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Adaptive Optics II CY MAY 24-31, 2006 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE adaptive optics; active optics; deformable mirrors; lightweight optics; metal optics AB We are developing a new class of deformable optic based on electrostatic actuation of nanolaminate foils. These foils are engineered at the atomic level to provide optimal opto-mechanical properties, including surface quality, strength and stiffness, for a wide range of deformable optics. We are combining these foils, developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), with commercial metal processing techniques to produce prototype deformable optics with aperture sizes up to 10 cm and actuator spacing from I mm to I cm and with a range of surface deformation designed to be as much as 10 microns. The existing capability for producing nanolaminate foils at LLNL, coupled with the commercial metal processing techniques being used, enable the potential production of these deformable optics with aperture sizes of over I m, and much larger deformable optics could potentially be produced by tiling multiple deformable segments. In addition, based on the fabrication processes being used, deformable nanolaminate optics could potentially be produced with areal densities of less than I kg per square m for applications in which lightweight deformable optics are desirable, and deformable nanolaminate optics could potentially be fabricated with intrinsically curved surfaces, including aspheric shapes. We will describe the basic principles of these devices, and we will present details of the design, fabrication and characterization of the prototype deformable nanolaminate optics that have been developed to date. We will also discuss the possibilities for future work on scaling these devices to larger sizes and developing both devices with lower areal densities and devices with curved surfaces. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. MicroAssembly Technol, Richmond, CA 94806 USA. RP Papavasiliou, AP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6337-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6272 BP U917 EP U927 AR 62722N DI 10.1117/12.672733 PN 1-3 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BEZ51 UT WOS:000240348301028 ER PT S AU Phillion, DW AF Phillion, Donald W. BE Ellerbroek, BL Calia, DB TI Computationally efficient analytic transformation from phase psd to intensity psf - art. no. 62722E SO Advances in Adaptive Optics II, Prs 1-3 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Adaptive Optics II CY MAY 24-31, 2006 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE psd; psf AB A simple analytic form for the intensity point spread function is obtained in terms of the power spectral density function for the phase. Two fourier transforms are required to compute the psf from the psd (A third fourier transform is needed to give the fraction of the light in the core). The analytic form is an infinite sum of convolution integrals of increasing order in the psd function multiplied by the simple renormalization factor exp(-sigma boolean AND 2), where sigma A 2 is the two-dimensional integral of the psd in radians squared. Computationally, the psf is evaluated on a discrete grid in k(x)-k(y) space. This infinite sum can be evaluated at all pixels other than the zero frequency pixel by taking the two-dimensional complex fourier transform X of the psd, computing exp(X)-1, and then taking the inverse fourier transform. There is also a simple expression for the value at the zero spatial frequency pixel. Like the psd, the psf is smooth because the psf is an ensemble average over all realizations for the phase: Each realization of the phase gives an intensity speckle pattern in the focal plane. The psf is the ensemble average over all realizations. This transformation has been extensively tested for azimuthally symmetric phase psd functions by comparing the computed psf using the analytic transformation with the azimuthally averaged psf computed using a specific realization for the phase. The psd functions that were compared this way were all azimuthally symmetric, but the analytic transformation from psd to psf doesn't require this. The final result for the halo is equivalent to the result in Hardy(1) when the pupil is infinite. The derivation in this paper is simple and direct. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Phillion, DW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6337-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6272 BP U828 EP U838 AR 62722E DI 10.1117/12.673214 PN 1-3 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BEZ51 UT WOS:000240348301019 ER PT S AU Phillion, DW Baker, K AF Phillion, Donald W. Baker, Kevin BE Ellerbroek, BL Calia, DB TI Two-sided pyramid wavefront sensor in the direct phase mode SO ADVANCES IN ADAPTIVE OPTICS II, PRS 1-3 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Adaptive Optics II CY MAY 24-31, 2006 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE adaptive optics; pyramid wavefront sensor AB The two-sided pyramid wavefront sensor has been extensively simulated in the direct phase mode using a wave optics code. The two-sided pyramid divides the focal plane so that each half of the core only interferes with the speckles in its half of the focal plane. A relayed image of the pupil plane is formed at the CCD camera for each half. Antipodal speckle pairs are separated so that a pure phase variation causes amplitude variations in the two images. The phase is reconstructed from the difference of the two amplitudes by transforming cosine waves into sine waves using the Hilbert transform. There are also other corrections which have to be applied in Fourier space. The two-sided pyramid wavefront sensor performs extremely well: After two or three iterations, the phase error varies purely in y. The two-sided pyramid pair enables the phase to be completely reconstructed. Its performance has been modeled closed loop with atmospheric turbulence and wind. Both photon noise and read noise were included. The three-sided and four-sided pyramid wavefront sensors have also been studied in direct phase mode. Neither performs nearly as well as does the two-sided pyramid wavefront sensor. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Phillion, DW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6337-X J9 PROC SPIE PY 2006 VL 6272 BP U768 EP U779 AR 627228 DI 10.1117/12.671961 PN 1-3 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BEZ51 UT WOS:000240348301013 ER PT S AU Phillion, DW Olivier, SS Baker, K Seppala, L Hvisc, S AF Phillion, Donald W. Olivier, Scot S. Baker, Kevin Seppala, Lynn Hvisc, Stacie BE Ellerbroek, BL Calia, DB TI Tomographic wavefront correction for the LSST - art. no. 627213 SO Advances in Adaptive Optics II, Prs 1-3 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Adaptive Optics II CY MAY 24-31, 2006 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE active optics; tomographic wavefront correction; LSST; Large Synoptic Survey Telescope AB The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) is a three mirror modified Paul-Baker design with an 8.4m primary, a 3.4m secondary, and a 5.0m tertiary followed by a 3-element refractive corrector producing a 3.5 degree field of view. This design produces image diameters of < 0.3 arcsecond 80% encircled energy over its full field of view. The image quality of this design is sufficient to ensure that the final images produced by the telescope will be limited by the atmospheric seeing at an excellent astronomical site. In order to maintain this image quality, the deformations and rigid body motions of the three large mirrors must be actively controlled to minimize optical aberrations. By measuring the optical wavefront produced by the telescope at multiple points in the field, mirror deformations and rigid body motions that produce a good optical wavefront across the entire field may be determined. We will describe the details of the techniques for obtaining these solutions. We will show that, for the expected mirror deformations and rigid body misaligninents, the solutions that are found using these techniques produce an image quality over the field that is close to optimal. We will discuss how many wavefront sensors are needed and the tradeoffs between the number of wavefront sensors, their layout and noise sensitivity. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Phillion, DW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6337-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6272 BP U374 EP U385 AR 627213 DI 10.1117/12.673770 PN 1-3 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BEZ51 UT WOS:000240348300036 ER PT S AU Poyneer, LA Veran, JP Dillon, D Severson, S Macintosh, BA AF Poyneer, Lisa A. Veran, Jean-Pierre Dillon, Daren Severson, Scott Macintosh, Bruce A. BE Ellerbroek, BL Calia, DB TI Wavefront control for the Gemini Planet Imager - art. no. 62721N SO Advances in Adaptive Optics II, Prs 1-3 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Adaptive Optics II CY MAY 24-31, 2006 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE wavefront control; fourier reconstruction; adaptive optics; high-contrast imaging ID EXTREME ADAPTIVE OPTICS; FOURIER-TRANSFORM; CAMERA; SENSOR; CALIBRATION; SYSTEMS AB The wavefront control strategy for the proposed Gemini Planet Imager, an extreme adaptive optics coronagraph for planet detection, is presented. Two key parts of this strategy are experimentally verified in a testbed at the Laboratory for Adaptive Optics, which features a 32 x 32 MEMS device. Detailed analytic models and algorithms for Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor alignment and calibration are presented. It is demonstrated that with these procedures, the spatially filtered WFS and the Fourier Transform reconstructor can be used to flatten to the MEMS to 1 nm RMS in the controllable band. Performance is further improved using the technique of modifying the reference slopes using a measurement of the static wavefront error in the science leg. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Poyneer, LA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 700 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6337-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6272 BP U550 EP U561 AR 62721N DI 10.1117/12.672328 PN 1-3 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BEZ51 UT WOS:000240348300052 ER PT S AU Holman, HYN Martin, MC AF Holman, H. -Y. N. Martin, M. C. BE Sparks, DL TI Synchrotron radiation infrared spectromicroscopy: A noninvasive chemical probe for monitoring biogeochemical processes SO ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, VOL 90 SE Advances in Agronomy LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; ENHANCED VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; METHYLOPHILUS SP B-7741; X-RAY; IN-SITU; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; ARTHROBACTER-OXYDANS; BIPHENYL DIOXYGENASE AB A long-standing desire in biogeochemistry is to be able to examine the cycling of elements by microorganisms, as the processes are happening on surfaces of earth and environmental materials. Over the past decade, physics, engineering, and instrumentation innovations have led to the introduction of synchrotron radiation-based infrared (IR) spectromicroscopy. Spatial resolutions of less than 10 micrometers (mu m) and photon energies of less than an electron volt make synchrotron IR spectromicroscopy non-invasive and useful for following the course of biogeochemical processes on complex heterogeneous surfaces of earth and environmental materials. In this chapter, we will first briefly describe the technology and then present several examples demonstrating its application potentials in probing and imaging biogeochemical processes. (c) 2006, Elsevier Inc. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Dept Ecol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Virtual Inst Microbial Stress & Survival, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Holman, HYN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Dept Ecol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Holman, Hoi-Ying/N-8451-2014 OI Holman, Hoi-Ying/0000-0002-7534-2625 NR 292 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-2113 BN 0-12-000808-4 J9 ADV AGRON JI Adv. Agron. PY 2006 VL 90 BP 79 EP + DI 10.1016/S0065-2113(06)90003-0 PG 57 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BFA08 UT WOS:000240466600003 ER PT S AU McLaughlin, SB Kiniry, JR Taliaferro, CM Ugarte, DD AF McLaughlin, Samuel B. Kiniry, James R. Taliaferro, Charles M. Ugarte, Daniel De La Torre BE Sparks, DL TI Projecting yield and utilization potential of switchgrass as an energy crop SO ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, VOL 90 SE Advances in Agronomy LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID RADIATION USE EFFICIENCY; RESTRICTED PHENOTYPIC SELECTION; DRY-MATTER DIGESTIBILITY; MAIZE HYBRIDS; PLANT-DENSITY; LEAF PHOTOSYNTHESIS; STRESS TOLERANCE; PROGRESS; GRASSES; POPULATIONS AB The potential utilization of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) as a cellulosic energy crop was evaluated as a component of a projected future national network of biorefineries designed to increase national reliance on renewable energy from American farms. Empirical data on yields of switchgrass from a network of experimental plots were coupled with data on switchgrass physiology and switchgrass breeding progress to provide reasonable expectations for rates of improvement over current yields. Historical breeding success with maize (Zea mays L.) was found to provide a reasonable model for projected linear rates of yield improvement of switchgrass based on documented progress to date. A physiologically based crop production model, ALMANAC, and an econometric model, POLYSYS, were utilized to estimate variability in switchgrass yield and resource utilization across the eastern two-thirds of the United States. ALMANAC provided yield estimates across 27 regional soil types and 13 years of weather data to estimate variability in relative rates of production and water use between switchgrass and maize. Current and future yield projections were used with POLYSYS to forecast rates of adaptation and economic impacts on regional agricultural markets. Significant positive impacts on US markets, including significant increases in farm income and significant reduction in the need for government subsidies, were projected. This was based on expected technological progress in developing biorefineries that will significantly increase national energy self-sufficiency by producing feed protein, transportation fuel, and electrical power from cellulosic feedstocks. (c) 2006, Elsevier Inc. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Bioenergy Feedstock Dev Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Univ Tennessee, US DOE, Agr Policy Anal Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP McLaughlin, SB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Bioenergy Feedstock Dev Program, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 70 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 7 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-2113 BN 0-12-000808-4 J9 ADV AGRON JI Adv. Agron. PY 2006 VL 90 BP 267 EP 297 DI 10.1016/S0065-2113(06)90007-8 PG 31 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BFA08 UT WOS:000240466600007 ER PT S AU Carrillo-Gonzalez, R Simunek, J Sauve, S Adriano, D AF Carrillo-Gonzalez, R. Simunek, Jirka Sauve, Sebastien Adriano, Domy BE Sparks, DL TI Mechanisms and pathways of trace element mobility in soils SO ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, VOL 91 SE Advances in Agronomy LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID CONSTANT CAPACITANCE MODEL; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; BIOSOLIDS-AMENDED SOILS; CONTAMINATED SANDY SOIL; SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; HEAVY-METALS; PREFERENTIAL FLOW; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; REACTIVE TRANSPORT; SEWAGE-SLUDGE C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Colegio Postgrad, Texcoco 56230, Mexico. Univ Montreal, Analyt Environm Chem Lab, Dept Chem, Montreal, PQ H1Y 3M4, Canada. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Simunek, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RI Simunek, Jiri/F-3196-2011; Sauve, Sebastien/K-5671-2012 NR 288 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-2113 BN 978-0-12-000809-4 J9 ADV AGRON JI Adv. Agron. PY 2006 VL 91 BP 111 EP 178 DI 10.1016/S0065-2113(06)91003-7 PG 68 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BFT57 UT WOS:000244524100003 ER PT S AU Post, DE Kendall, RP Lucas, RF AF Post, Douglass E. Kendall, Richard P. Lucas, Robert F. BE Zelkowitz, MV TI The opportunities, challenges, and risks of high performance computing in computational science and engineering SO ADVANCES IN COMPUTERS, VOL 66: QUALITY SOFTWAVE DEVELOPMENT SE Advances in Computers LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AGILE METHODS; VERIFICATION; SIMULATIONS; QUALITY; CODE C1 DoD High Performance Comp Modernizat Off, Arlington, VA USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Inst Software Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Univ So Calif, Inst Informat Sci, Marina Del Rey, CA 90292 USA. RP Post, DE (reprint author), DoD High Performance Comp Modernizat Off, Arlington, VA USA. RI Post, Douglass/L-3773-2014 OI Post, Douglass/0000-0001-9271-0023 NR 90 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-2458 BN 0-12-012166-2 J9 ADV COMPUT JI Adv. Comput. PY 2006 VL 66 BP 239 EP 301 DI 10.1016/S0065-2458(05)66006-8 PG 63 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BEO96 UT WOS:000238517000006 ER PT S AU Duckworth, RC Demko, JA Gouge, MJ Urbahn, JA AF Duckworth, R. C. Demko, J. A. Gouge, M. J. Urbahn, J. A. BE Balachandran, U TI Measurement of the emissivity of clean and contaminated silver plated copper surfaces at cryogenic temperatures SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE emissivity; water degradation; silver-plated copper AB An experiment has been designed, fabricated, and conducted to measure emissivity of clean and contaminated metallic surfaces at temperatures between 25 K and 3 5 K. Samples of silver-plated copper with a total surface area of 0.25 m(2) are secured to the coldhead of a single stage cryocooler and enclosed within an effective black thermal shield, which has an effective emissivity of 0.95 and temperatures between 275 K and 280 K. From error analysis, a sample with an emissivity of 0.020 had an experimental error between +/- 0.001 and +/- 0.002. From measurement of the radiation heat transfer, the emissivity at 30 K was 45% of the emissivity that was measured at 300 K for a set of silver-plated copper samples. In addition, 110 mu g of water vapor was sufficient to increase the emissivity of the silver-plated copper between 50% and 200%. C1 [Duckworth, R. C.; Demko, J. A.; Gouge, M. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Appl Superconductiv Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Urbahn, J. A.] GE Global Res Ctr, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. RP Duckworth, RC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Appl Superconductiv Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU United States Department of Energy, Office of Distributed Energy and Electric Reliability- Superconductivity for Electric System program; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the United States Department of Energy [DEAC05-OOOR22725] FX The authors would like to thank GE generator staff for their feedback and for providing the silver-plated samples that were studied in this experiment. This work was sponsored by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Distributed Energy and Electric Reliability- Superconductivity for Electric System program. This research was performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the United States Department of Energy under contract No. DEAC05-OOOR22725. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 61 EP + PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500008 ER PT S AU Walsh, RP Toplosky, VJ Han, K Heitzenroeder, PJ Nelson, BE AF Walsh, R. P. Toplosky, V. J. Han, K. Heitzenroeder, P. J. Nelson, B. E. BE Balachandran, U TI 77 K fatigue crack growth rate of modified CF8M stainless steel castings SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE CF8M; cast stainless steel; fatigue crack growth rate; cryogenic AB The National Compact Stellerator Experiment (NCSX) is the first of a new class of stellarators [1]. The modular superconducting coils in the NCSX have complex geometry that are manufactured on cast stainless steel (modified CF8M) winding forms. Although CF8M castings have been used before at cryogenic temperature there is limited data available for their mechanical properties at low temperatures. The fatigue life behavior of the cast material is vital thus a test program to generate data on representative material has been conducted. Fatigue test specimens have been obtained from key locations within prototype winding forms to determine the 77 K fatigue crack growth rate. The testing has successfully developed a representative database that ensures confident design. The measured crack growth rates are analyzed in terms of the Paris law parameters and the crack growth properties are related to the materials microstructure. C1 [Walsh, R. P.; Toplosky, V. J.; Han, K.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Heitzenroeder, P. J.] Florida State Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Nelson, B. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Walsh, RP (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. FU USDOE [DE-AC02- 76-CHO3073] FX Special thanks to R. P. Reed (Cryogenic Materials Inc.) for advice and consultation throughout this test program. This work is supported by USDOE Contract No. DE-AC02- 76-CHO3073. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 138 EP + PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500018 ER PT S AU Barzi, E Del Frate, L Turrioni, D Johnson, R Kuchnir, M AF Barzi, E. Del Frate, L. Turrioni, D. Johnson, R. Kuchnir, M. BE Balachandran, U TI High temperature superconductors for high field superconducting magnets SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE high temperature superconductor; BSCCO; DC measurement ID PERFORMANCE; TAPE AB Ionization cooling, a method for shrinking the size of a muon beam, requires a low Z energy absorber, high field magnets, and high gradient radio frequency cavities. The use of high temperature superconductors (HTS) for the high field superconducting magnets is being considered to realize a helical muon cooling channel using hydrogen refrigeration. A test stand was set up at Fermilab to perform critical current (I.) measurements of HTS wires under externally applied perpendicular and parallel fields at various temperatures. A description of the test setup and results on (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox (BSCCO-2223) tapes and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (BSCCO-2212) round wires are presented. Finally, the engineering critical current density, J(E), of HTS and Nb3Sn were compared in the application's field and temperature range of interest. C1 [Barzi, E.; Del Frate, L.; Turrioni, D.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Johnson, R.; Kuchnir, M.] Muons Inc, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Barzi, E (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. FU DOE STTR [DE-FG02-04ER86191] FX This work is supported by DOE STTR grant DE-FG02-04ER86191 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 416 EP + PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500051 ER PT S AU Zeitlin, BA Gregory, E Marte, J Benz, M Scanlan, R Dietderich, D AF Zeitlin, B. A. Gregory, E. Marte, J. Benz, M. Scanlan, R. Dietderich, D. BE Balachandran, U TI The effect on the superconducting properties of the addition of oxygen and titanium to (Nb-1Zr)3Sn mono element internal tin (MEIT) conductors SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE superconductors; Nb3Sn ID NB3SN AB MEIT conductors fabricated with Nb-1at%Zr filaments are evaluated as to the effect of the additions of Oxygen and Titanium introduced through the tin core. The effects as a function of time and temperature are evaluated through reaction area and grain size. Current density in the reaction layer is evaluated as a function of magnetic field and the reaction variables. In the temperature range of 850 degrees C to 900 degrees C the addition of oxygen yielded the best results with layer current density of 1877 A/mm(2) at 12 T. Fabrication experience with Nb-1at%ZrOx filaments and solutions are also discussed. C1 [Zeitlin, B. A.; Gregory, E.] Supergen LLC, Sarasota, FL 34242 USA. [Marte, J.] GE Global Res, Schenectady, NY 12309 USA. [Benz, M.] Engn Horizons Int, Lincoln, NE 05443 USA. [Scanlan, R.; Dietderich, D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zeitlin, BA (reprint author), Supergen LLC, Sarasota, FL 34242 USA. FU SBIR [DEFG0201ER83331] FX The authors would like to thank Dave Sutter and Bruce Strauss of the DOE for supporting the SBIR programs in superconducting materials, and T. Pyon, M. Dormandy of Outokumpu A. S. This work is supported by SBIR grant DEFG0201ER83331 from the DOE. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 513 EP + PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500063 ER PT S AU Lietzke, AF Mattafirri, S McInturff, AD Nyman, M Dietderich, DR Gourlay, SA Sabbi, GL AF Lietzke, A. F. Mattafirri, S. McInturff, A. D. Nyman, M. Dietderich, D. R. Gourlay, S. A. Sabbi, G. L. BE Balachandran, U TI Differentiation of performance-limiting voltage transients during Nb3Sn magnet testing SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE superconducting magnets; voltage transients; instabilities; observations ID DIPOLE MAGNET; ACCELERATOR MAGNETS; FERMILAB; STRANDS; CABLES AB The Superconducting Magnet Group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has been developing high-field, brittle-superconductor, accelerator magnet technology for several years. While recent dramatic increases in Nb3Sn superconducting current density, (J(c) = 3000 A/mm(2) at 12 Tesla, 4.2 K) have facilitated the achievement of record peak dipole bore-fields (16 Tesla), the number and size of fast intra-coil flux-adjustments of the "flux-jump" variety have increased with the current density. In 2000, with state-of-the art (J(c) = 2000 A/mm(2) at 12 T) Nb3Sn conductor, the associated coil voltage transients were observed to be large enough to cause nuisance "quench-detector" magnet-protection false-alarms. Subsequent Jc increases have resulted in large enough flux-jumps to cause premature quenches in some magnets, at currents well below those predicted by their virgin strand superconducting "short-sample" measurements. This paper will examine various types of quench-onsets and their distinguishing characteristics. The associated observational techniques are briefly discussed. C1 [Lietzke, A. F.; Mattafirri, S.; McInturff, A. D.; Nyman, M.; Dietderich, D. R.; Gourlay, S. A.; Sabbi, G. L.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lietzke, AF (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy Physics, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AD03-76SF00098] FX This work was supported under contract DE-AD03-76SF00098 by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy Physics, U.S. Department of Energy. We wish to thank P. Bish, W. Lau, R. Benjegerdes, and D. Byford for testing assistance. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 550 EP + PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500068 ER PT S AU Barzi, E Del Frate, L Turrioni, D Zlobin, AV AF Barzi, E. Del Frate, L. Turrioni, D. Zlobin, A. V. BE Balachandran, U TI Effect of temperature and deformation on Nb3Sn strands instabilities SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE Nb3Sn; Rutherford cable; critical current density; magnetic instability ID STABILITY; PERFORMANCE AB The critical current of Nb3Sn strands used in Fermilab's high field magnets was measured at low and high fields under various experimental conditions using the voltage-current (V-I) and voltage-field (V-H) methods. The strands were commercially produced using Restack Rod Process (RRP) and Powder-in-Tube (PIT) technologies. Both round and deformed strands were studied. Measurements were performed at the Fermilab's Short Sample Test Facility using a 2-kA sample holder with a low contact resistivity. V-I characteristics at fields above 10-12T with a smooth transition from the superconducting to normal phase allowed determining strand critical cur-rent. V-I and V-H measurements at low fields showed premature quenches due to magnetic instability in strands with high critical current density and large effective filament size. The effects of strand deformation and RkR as well as test temperature were studied. This paper describes the Nb3Sn strand parameters, the equipment and measurement methods used, and the results of the critical current measurements at low and high fields. The effect of magnetic instabilities is analyzed for different measurement conditions and compared to the predictions of an instability model. C1 [Barzi, E.; Del Frate, L.; Turrioni, D.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Barzi, E (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. In addition the authors would like to thank Tom Van Raes for his skills and dedication in rolling and mounting the strands that are part of this study. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 566 EP + PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500070 ER PT S AU Zeller, AF DeKamp, JC DeLauter, J Ghosh, A AF Zeller, A. F. DeKamp, J. C. DeLauter, J. Ghosh, A. BE Balachandran, U TI Metal oxide CICC for radiation resistant magnets SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE radiation resistant; superconducting magnet; CICC AB The proposed Rare Isotope Accelerator and other high beam current machines have requirements that superconducting magnets operate in a high radiation environment. One solution to both the continuous heat deposition and susceptibility of the insulation to radiation damage are solved with a radiation resistant CICC. Several metal oxide insulated CICC designs have been fabricated and tested. Engineering current densities of 55 A/mm(2) at 7 T and 80 A/mm(2) at 2 T have been achieved using Nb3Sn. Different insulation systems and conduit material allow many choices in coil design. C1 [Zeller, A. F.; DeKamp, J. C.; DeLauter, J.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ghosh, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zeller, AF (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. FU National Science Foundation through Grants [PHY-01100253, -9809799]; DOE Grant [DE-FG0200ER41144] FX This work is supported in part by the National Science Foundation through Grants PHY-01100253, -9809799 and DOE Grant DE-FG0200ER41144. The assistance of Kevin Kai of Tyco Thermal Controls is gratefully acknowledged. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 575 EP + PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500071 ER PT S AU Holesinger, TG Kennison, JK Miao, H Meinesz, M Marken, KR Hong, S Campbell, S AF Holesinger, T. G. Kennison, J. K. Miao, H. Meinesz, M. Marken, K. R. Hong, S. Campbell, S. BE Balachandran, U TI The effect of alumina additions on the processing of Bi-2212 conductors SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE superconductor; Bi-2212; microscopy; composition ID CA-CU-O; CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITIES; MULTILAYER TAPES; WIRES; BI2SR2CACU2OY; GLASSES AB Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy (Bi-2212) conductors are of interest for magnet applications in high magnetic fields at 4 K. The partial melt approach affords an economical, single processing step for the conductor heat treatment. However, work remains to be done to optimize compositions and conductor performance. In this paper, the beneficial effects of alumina additions for the melt-processing of Bi-2212 conductors are reported. It is found that for conventional melt processing, the alumina additions broaden the processing window for the peak melting temperature and improve the critical current density of the conductors. With regards to the microstructure, the alumina additions appear to inhibit the growth of alkaline-earth cuprates. C1 [Holesinger, T. G.; Kennison, J. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Miao, H.; Meinesz, M.; Marken, K. R.; Hong, S.] Oxford Superconducting Technol, Carteret, NJ 07008 USA. [Campbell, S.] SCI Engineered Materials, Columbus, OH 43228 USA. RP Holesinger, TG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 683 EP + PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500084 ER PT S AU Groves, JR Arendt, PN Holesinger, TG Hammond, RH Foltyn, SR DePaula, RF Stan, L Usov, IO AF Groves, J. R. Arendt, P. N. Holesinger, T. G. Hammond, R. H. Foltyn, S. R. DePaula, R. F. Stan, L. Usov, I. O. BE Balachandran, U TI Dual ion assist beam deposition of magnesium oxide for coated conductors SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE ion beam assisted deposition; high energy electron diffraction (RHEED); ion bombardment; X-ray diffraction; Bi-axial texture; magnesium oxide ID MGO TEMPLATE LAYERS; IBAD MGO; FILMS; TAPES AB Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD) of Magnesium Oxide (MgO) has been proven to be a viable route for producing template films used to deposit high quality YBCO coated conductors on flexible polycrystalline metal substrates. Here we will discuss improvements in this process using a dual ion assist beam configuration. Dual ion assist beam deposition of MgO reduces the requirements for substrate surface finishing while maintaining comparable film quality (phi scan full-width at half-maximum values between 7 and 8 degrees). Furthermore, this adaptation of the IBAD process eliminates the degradation of MgO texture observed in thick IBAD MgO films deposited on silicon nitride. We have deposited films up to 50 nanometers thick without degradation of in-plane texture. Increasing the MgO thickness increases the chemical stability of the template layer and can eliminate the necessity for subsequent buffer layers or the application of the homoepitaxial MgO layer needed to stabilize the thin, conventional IBAD MgO layer. Initial results of subsequently deposited YBCO on these dual assist ion beam MgO templates are quite promising. C1 [Groves, J. R.; Arendt, P. N.; Holesinger, T. G.; Foltyn, S. R.; DePaula, R. F.; Stan, L.; Usov, I. O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hammond, R. H.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Groves, JR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU DOE-OE; Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Assurance FX This work is supported by DOE-OE, the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Assurance. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 735 EP + PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500091 ER PT S AU Ma, B Balachandran, U Xu, Y Hattacharya, R AF Ma, B. Balachandran, U. Xu, Y. Hattacharya, R. BE Balachandran, U TI Fabrication and characterization of YBCO coated conductors by inclined substrate deposition SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE coated conductor; inclined substrate deposition; MgO; YBCO thin films ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; BUFFER LAYERS; FILMS; TAPES AB Inclined substrate deposition (ISD) is an effective method for rapid fabrication of high-quality template layers for YBCO-coated conductors. We have deposited biaxially textured ISD-MgO films on flexible metallic tapes in a reel-to-reel system by electronbeam evaporation at rapid deposition rates, 2-10 nm(.)s(-1). Strontium ruthenium oxide (SRO) buffer and YBCO films were grown by pulsed laser deposition (LD). Pole figure analysis of a meter-long ISD-MgO tape was carried out by X-ray diffraction using a Bruker's D8 DISCOVER equipped with GADDS (general area detection diffraction system). The c-axis of the ISD-MgO film was tilted away from substrate normal. A full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of approximate to 10 degrees was observed from the phi-scan of the MgO (002) diffraction measured on samples deposited with 35 degrees inclination angle. Surface morphology measured by atomic force microscopy revealed a roof-tile shaped structure for the ISD-MgO films. Through the use of the SRO buffer, biaxial alignment in the YBCO film deposited on the ISD-MgO template was improved. The phi-scan FWHM was 5.8 degrees for the YBCO (005) diffraction. We have measured the critical transition temperature T-c = 91 K and transport critical current density J(c) > 1.6x10(6) A(.)cm(-2) at 77 K in self-field on a SRO-buffered YBCO film grown with ISD-MgO architecture. C1 [Ma, B.; Balachandran, U.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Xu, Y.; Hattacharya, R.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. RP Ma, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Ma, Beihai/I-1674-2013 OI Ma, Beihai/0000-0003-3557-2773 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research SBIR Phase II [F49620-03-C-0004]; U.S. Department of Energy [W-31-109-Eng-38] FX Work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research SBIR Phase II, Contract No. F49620-03-C-0004, and the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract W-31-109-Eng-38. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 743 EP + PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500092 ER PT S AU Bhattacharya, R Phok, S Spagnol, P Chaudhuri, T AF Bhattacharya, Raghu Phok, Sovannary Spagnol, Priscila Chaudhuri, Tapas BE Balachandran, U TI Electrodeposited biaxially textured CeO2 and CeO2 : Sm buffer layer for YBCO superconductor oxide films SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE electrodeposition; cerium oxide; samarium doped; buffer layer; superconductor ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; COATED CONDUCTORS; THICK-FILMS; DEPOSITION; TAPES; NI AB Nonvacuum electrodeposition was used to prepare biaxially textured CeO2 and Sm-doped CeO, coatings on Ni-W substrates. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (including theta/2 theta, pole figures, omega scans, and phi scans), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Full-width at half-maximum values of the omega scan and phi scan of the electrodeposited layers were better than those of the Ni-W base substrates, indicating improved biaxial texturing of the electrodeposited layers. C1 [Bhattacharya, Raghu; Phok, Sovannary; Spagnol, Priscila; Chaudhuri, Tapas] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Bhattacharya, R (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-99-GO10337] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337. We also thank Glenn Teeter, Bobby To, Kirn Jones, Yan Yanfa and Anna Duda of NREL for technical assistance, K. Marken of Oxford Instruments, and M. Paranthaman and A. Goyal of Oak Ridge National Laboratory for providing Ni-W tape. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 751 EP + PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500093 ER PT S AU Maiorov, B MacManus-Driscoll, JL Wang, H Jia, QX Arendt, P Foltyn, SR Civale, L AF Maiorov, B. MacManus-Driscoll, J. L. Wang, H. Jia, Q. X. Arendt, P. Foltyn, S. R. Civale, L. BE Balachandran, U TI Comparison of different routes for improving vortex pinning in YBa2Cu3O7 thin films and coated conductors SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE superconductivity; thin films; critical current ID HIGH CRITICAL CURRENTS; CURRENT DENSITIES AB Achieving high critical currents in YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) films on metallic polycrystalline substrates (coated conductors) is an essential step to make coated conductors a technological reality. Therefore it is extremely important to identify the vortex pinning centers responsible for the high critical current density (J(c)), to find ways to further improve the vortex pinning in these superconducting films. We present a comparative study of the angular and field dependences of J(c) for two successful approaches used to improve vortex pinning, one that introduces correlated defects and another one that increases the random pinning contribution. The correlated defects are obtained by the introduction of BaZrO3 nano-particles into the superconducting film matrix, which in turn induce c-axis correlated defects. The enhanced random pinning contribution is achieved by mixing different rare earth. The presence of additional correlated defects results in a slower J(c) field decay together with a J(c) enhancement around the c-axis region. The rare earth substitutions yield J(c) enhancements at self-field and at low fields. We show that even though at 75.5 K and intermediate field range both methods produce comparable results, at lower temperatures the correlated defects become more effective pinning the vortices, inducing higher enhancements of J(c). C1 [Maiorov, B.; MacManus-Driscoll, J. L.; Wang, H.; Jia, Q. X.; Arendt, P.; Foltyn, S. R.; Civale, L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [MacManus-Driscoll, J. L.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci & Met, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England. RP Maiorov, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014 OI Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209 FU DOE Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability FX This work is supported by the DOE Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 763 EP + PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500095 ER PT S AU Schwenterly, SW Hazelton, DW Walter, H Breuer, F AF Schwenterly, S. W. Hazelton, D. W. Walter, H. Breuer, F. BE Balachandran, U TI Thermal property measurements on bulk Bi-2212 MCP fault current limiter materials SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 52A & 52B SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE bulk Bi-2212; heat capacity ID SFCL AB in support of a collaboration between SuperPower, Inc., Nexans SuperConductors GmbH, American Electric Power Company, Inc., and EPRI to develop an HTS matrix fault current limiter, Oak Ridge National Laboratory is carrying out thermal property studies on samples of the bulk HTS elements that will be used in the device. The HTS samples are 2.5-cm-diam, 1.6-mm-wall tubes of Bi-2212 MCP, a special melt-cast 2212 material provided by Nexans. Since these tubes will have to dissipate considerable heat during a high-current fault, accurate measurements of their thermal properties are required for design and engineering analysis. Results will be reported for heat capacity tests over a range from 80 K to 300 K. C1 [Schwenterly, S. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hazelton, D. W.] SuperPower Inc, Schenectady, NY 12304 USA. [Walter, H.; Breuer, F.] Nexan Superconduct GmbH, D-50351 Hurth, Germany. RP Schwenterly, SW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability; Superconductivity Program for Electric Power Systems with UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-OOOR22725] FX Research sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, Superconductivity Program for Electric Power Systems, under contract No. DE-AC05-OOOR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0316-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 824 BP 794 EP + PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Materials Science GA BEF10 UT WOS:000237080500099 ER PT S AU Thompson, E Candia, A Craddock, WW Racine, M Weisend, JG AF Thompson, EunJoo Candia, A. Craddock, W. W. Racine, M. Weisend, J. G., II BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Failure scenarios and mitigations for the BABAR superconducting solenoid SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE failure modes; BABAR detector; cryogenic system AB The cryogenic department at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center is responsible for the operation, troubleshooting, and upgrade of the 1.5 Tesla superconducting solenoid detector for the BABAR B-factory experiment. Events that disable the detector are rare but significantly impact the availability of the detector for physics research. As a result, a number of systems and procedures have been developed over time to minimize the downtime of the detector, for example improved control systems, improved and automatic backup systems, and spares for all major components. Together they can prevent or mitigate many of the failures experienced by the utilities, mechanical systems, controls and instrumentation. In this paper we describe various failure scenarios, their effect on the detector, and the modifications made to miti-ate the effects of the failure. As a result of these modifications the reliability of the detector has increased significantly with only 3 shutdowns of the detector due to cryogenics systems over the last 2 years. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Thompson, E (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 71 EP 77 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990200009 ER PT S AU Bossert, R Ambrosio, G Andreev, N Barzi, E Carcagno, R Feher, S Kashikhin, VS Kashikhin, VV Lamm, MJ Novitski, I Pischalnikov, Y Sylvester, C Tartaglia, M Turrioni, D Yamada, R Zlobin, AV AF Bossert, R. Ambrosio, G. Andreev, N. Barzi, E. Carcagno, R. Feher, S. Kashikhin, V. S. Kashikhin, V. V. Lamm, M. J. Novitski, I. Pischalnikov, Yu. Sylvester, C. Tartaglia, M. Turrioni, D. Yamada, R. Zlobin, A. V. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Development and test of Nb3Sn cos-theta coils made of high-JC RRP strands SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE preload; witness samples; mirror; reaction; impregnation ID FERMILAB AB A series of 1-m long Nb3Sn dipole magnets have been built at Fermilab in an attempt to refine the wind-and-react technology for Nb3Sn conductor. Models have been made with MJR and PIT strand with varying degrees of success. Subsequently two new dipole "mirror" magnets based on RRP Nb3Sn coils were constructed and tested. This paper describes the design, fabrication and test results of those magnets. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Bossert, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 86 EP 93 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990200011 ER PT S AU Hicks, WR Daly, EF Preble, J Wiseman, M Rode, C AF Hicks, W. R. Daly, E. F. Preble, J. Wiseman, M. Rode, C. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Design and testing of a 2K superfluid helium heat station SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE superfluidic helium AB Three transitional cryomodules (SL21, FEL03, Renascence) have been constructed as part of an energy upgrade effort at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab). Each transitional cryomodule contains eight superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities. Within the vacuum vessel, waveguides transmit up to 13kW of RF power to the superconducting niobium cavities. The waveguides also provide the thermal transition between the room temperature ceramic RF window and the niobium fundamental power coupler (FPC), a 300K temperature gradient across similar to 20cm! The thermal performance of the waveguides is determined in part by the placement of heat stations and bellows. The original 13kW waveguide design incorporated a single 60K heat station and two bellows resulting in a total heat load (static + dynamic) to the FPC of similar to 3W per waveguide. To minimize this heat load and stabilize the FPC temperatures, a 2K superfluid helium heat station design was incorporated into the second transitional cryomodule, FEL03, installed in the JLab Free Electron Laser (FEL). The designed heat station is capable of removing up to 1.12W, with a bath temperature of 2.05K, while remaining sub-lambda. This paper describes the design, analysis and testing of the heat station. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Hicks, WR (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 113 EP 120 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990200014 ER PT S AU Haid, BJ AF Haid, B. J. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Helium pot system for maintaining sample temperature after cryocooler deactivation SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE cryocooler; constant temperature; low vibration; helium pot AB A system for maintaining a sample at a constant temperature below 10 K after deactivating the cooling source is demonstrated. In this system, the cooling source is a 4 K GM cryocooler that is joined with the sample through an extension that consists of a helium pot and a thermal resistance. Upon stopping the cryocooler, the power applied to a heater located on the sample side of the thermal resistance is decreased gradually to maintain an appropriate temperature rise across the thermal resistance as the helium pot warms. The sample temperature is held constant in this manner without the use of solid or liquid cryogens and without mechanically disconnecting the sample from the cooler. Shutting off the cryocooler significantly reduces sample motion that results from vibration and expansion/contraction of the cold-head housing. The reduction in motion permits certain procedures that are very sensitive to sample position stability, but are performed with limited duration. A proof-of-concept system was built and operated with the helium pot pressurized to the cryocooler's charge pressure. A sample with 200 mW of continuous heat dissipation was maintained at 7 K while the cryocooler operated intermittently with a duty cycle of 9.5 minutes off and 20 minutes on. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Haid, BJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 147 EP 155 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990200018 ER PT S AU Bossert, RJ AF Bossert, R. J. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Sonic helium detectors in the Fermilab Tevatron SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE sonic; resonant; concentration; detector AB In the Fermilab Tevatron cryogenic system there are many remotely located low-pressure plate relief valves that must vent large volumes of cold helium gas when magnet quenches occur. These valves can occasionally stick open or not reseat completely, resulting in a large helium loss. As such, the need exists for a detector to monitor the relief valve's discharge area for the presence of helium. Due to the quantity needed, cost is an important factor. A unit has been developed and built for this purpose that is quite inexpensive. Its operating principle is based on the speed of sound, where two closely matched tubes operate at their acoustic resonant frequency. When helium is introduced into one of these tubes, the resulting difference in acoustic time of flight is used to trigger an alarm. At present, there are 39 of these units installed and operating in the Tevatron. They have detected many minor and major helium leaks, and have also been found useful in detecting a rise in the helium background in the enclosed refrigerator buildings. This paper covers the construction, usage and operational experience gained with these units over the last several years. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Bossert, RJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 156 EP 163 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990200019 ER PT S AU Theilacker, JC White, MJ AF Theilacker, J. C. White, M. J. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Diffusion of gases in air and its affect on oxygen deficiency hazard abatement SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE diffusion; ODH; safety; asphyxiate AB Density differences between air and released gases of cryogenic systems have been used to either require special oxygen deficiency hazard (ODH) control measures, or as a means of abatement. For example, it is not uncommon to assume that helium spills will quickly collect at the ceiling of a building or enclosure and will efficiently exit at the nearest vertical penetration or vent. Oxygen concentration reduction was found to be detectable during a localized helium spill throughout the entire 6.3 km Tevatron tunnel. This prompted us to perform diffusion tests in air with common gases used at Fermilab. The tests showed that gases, more readily than expected, diffused through an air column in the direction opposing buoyancy. Test results for helium and sulfur hexafluoride are presented. A system of tests were performed to better understand how easily released gases would fully mix with air and whether they remained fully mixed. The test results have been. applied to a new system at Fermilab for ODH abatement. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Theilacker, JC (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 305 EP 312 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990200036 ER PT S AU Green, MA AF Green, M. A. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Hydrogen safety issues compared to safety issues with methane and propane SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE flammable gases and liquids; LH2; and hydrogen safety AB The hydrogen economy is not possible if the safety standards currently applied to liquid hydrogen and hydrogen gas by many laboratories are applied to devices that use either liquid or gaseous hydrogen. Methane and propane are commonly used by ordinary people without the special training. This report asks, "How is hydrogen different from flammable gasses that are commonly being used all over the world?" This report compares the properties of hydrogen, methane and propane and how these properties may relate to safety when they are used in both the liquid and gaseous state. Through such an analysis, sensible safety standards for the large-scale (or even small-scale) use of liquid and gaseous hydrogen systems can be developed. This paper is meant to promote discussion of issues related to hydrogen safety so that engineers designing equipment can factor sensible safety standards into their designs. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Green, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 319 EP 326 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990200038 ER PT S AU Hansen, BJ White, MJ AF Hansen, B. J. White, M. J. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Flare R&D for ultra pure liquid argon SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE adsorption; oxygen; argon; detector; condenser; FLARE AB FLARE (Fermilab Liquid ARgon Experiments) is an initiative to construct several liquid argon detectors to further exploit the two Fermilab neutrino beams, the operational Booster beam, and the recently completed NuMI beam. For optimum physics results, a liquid argon impurity level of less then 0.1 ppb oxygen equivalent is required. The necessary R&D program has been established and the experimental setup for the first stage is nearing completion. The purpose of the first stage is to gain experience in achieving maintaining, and monitoring ultra pure liquid argon levels. An overview of the technology and methods utilized in the FLARE R&D program are discussed. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Hansen, BJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 467 EP 474 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990200056 ER PT S AU Demko, JA Duckworth, RC Fisher, PW Gouge, MJ Rey, CM Young, MA Lindsay, D Roden, M Tolbert, J Willen, D Traeholt, C Thidemann, C AF Demko, J. A. Duckworth, R. C. Fisher, P. W. Gouge, M. J. Rey, C. M. Young, M. A. Lindsay, D. Roden, M. Tolbert, J. Willen, D. Traeholt, C. Thidemann, C. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Testing of a liquid nitrogen cooled 5-meter, 3000 a tri-axial high temperature superconducting cable system SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE superconducting cables; cryogenics; refrigerators; low temperature equipment AB The tri-axial HTS cable design uses three concentric superconducting layers for the phase conductors separated by a cold dielectric material. It offers an efficient HTS cable configuration by reducing the amount of superconductor needed, and placing all three phases in a single cryostat. Ultera and ORNL tested a 5-meter long tri-axial HTS cable and terminations designed to operate at 3 kA ac and 13.2 kV. Test results, including the thermal loads on the system, will be reported. An existing liquid nitrogen skid that circulates subcooled liquid nitrogen through the cable was initially designed for the heat loads on single phase cables at lower current ratings. The refrigeration needed for the 3 kA tri-axial cable configuration made it necessary to upgrade the nitrogen system to increase the cooling capacity. A description of the upgrades and performance of the system is provided. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Demko, JA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 790 EP 797 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990200094 ER PT S AU Weisend, JG Arnold, R Bosted, P Boyce, R Candia, A Carr, R Gao, J Jones, CE Kaminskas, W Mark, J McKeown, R Racine, M St Lorant, S Weber, T AF Weisend, J. G., II Arnold, R. Bosted, P. Boyce, R. Candia, A. Carr, R. Gao, J. Jones, C. E. Kaminskas, W. Mark, J. McKeown, R. Racine, M. St Lorant, S. Weber, T. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Liquid hydrogen target experience at SLAC SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE liquid hydrogen; targets; high energy physics ID ELECTRON-PROTON SCATTERING; MAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; LARGE MOMENTUM-TRANSFERS; INELASTIC ELECTRON; GEV-C; PHOTOPRODUCTION; (GEV/C)(2); Q(2)=1.75; DEUTERON AB Liquid hydrogen targets have played a vital role in the physics program at SLAC for the past 40 years. These targets have ranged from small "beer can" targets to the 1.5 m long E158 target that was capable of absorbing up to 800 W without any significant density changes. Successful use of these targets has required the development of thin-wall designs, liquid hydrogen pumps, remote positioning and alignment systems, safety systems, control and data acquisition systems, cryogenic cooling circuits and heat exchangers. Detailed operating procedures have been created to ensure safety and operational reliability. This paper surveys the evolution of liquid hydrogen targets at SLAC and discusses advances in several of the enabling technologies that made these targets possible. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Weisend, JG (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1043 EP 1052 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201001 ER PT S AU Jarmer, JJ Knudson, JN AF Jarmer, J. J. Knudson, J. N. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI The Los Alamos Neutron Science Center hydrogen moderator system SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE cryogenics; moderator AB At the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), spallation neutrons are produced by an 800-MeV proton beam interacting with tungsten targets. Gun-barrel-type penetrations through the heavy concrete and steel shielding that surround the targets collimate neutrons to form neutron beams used for scattering experiments. Two liquid hydrogen moderators of one-liter volume each are positioned adjacent to the neutron-production targets. Some of the neutrons that pass through a moderator interact with or scatter from protons in the hydrogen. The neutron-proton interaction reduces the energy or moderates neutrons to lower energies. Lower energy "moderated" neutrons are the most useful for some neutron scattering experiments. We provide a description of the LANSCE hydrogen-moderator system and its cryogenic performance with proton beams of up to 125 micro-amp average current. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jarmer, JJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1053 EP 1059 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201002 ER PT S AU Bross, A Cummings, MA Darve, C Ishimoto, S Klebaner, A Martinez, A Norris, B Pei, L AF Bross, A. Cummings, M. A. Darve, C. Ishimoto, S. Klebaner, A. Martinez, A. Norris, B. Pei, L. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI An update for the MuCool Test Area SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE hydrogen; absorbers; safety; controls AB Construction of a new facility known as the MuCool Test Area (MTA) has been completed at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. This facility supports research in new accelerator technologies for future endeavors such as a Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider. During the summer of 2004, an initial set of tests was completed for the filling of a convection-style liquid hydrogen absorber designed by KEK. The absorber contained 6.2 liquid liters of hydrogen and was tested for a range of heating conditions to quantify the absorber's heat exchanger performance. Future work at Fermilab includes the design, construction, and installation of a forced-flow absorber to be used with other components built to investigate the properties of a muon ionization cooling channel. A Tevatron-style refrigerator/compressor building is to be operational by spring of 2006 in support of the absorber tests and also to provide 5-K helium and liquid nitrogen to a 5-T solenoid magnet, an active element of the future test apparatus. The refrigerator will be configured in such a manner as to meet the 5 K and 14-20-K helium needs of the MTA. This paper reviews the challenges and successes of the past KEK absorber tests as well as looks into the future cryogenic capabilities and intentions of the site. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60500 USA. RP Bross, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60500 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1060 EP 1067 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201003 ER PT S AU Hogan, J Daly, EF Fischer, J Preble, J AF Hogan, J. Daly, E. F. Fischer, J. Preble, J. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Lessons learned from the Jefferson Lab - SNS cryomodule production run SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE accelerator; cryomodule; SRT; cavity; SNS; JLAB AB In light of the recent developments with the International Linear Collider (ILC), and the recommendation to utilize "Cold" technology for this future particle accelerator, this paper will present the lessons learned from the recently concluded Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cryomodule production run at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab). Over the past twenty years Jefferson Lab has worked with industry to successfully design, manufacture, test and commission more SRF cryomodules than any other entity in the United States. The knowledge gained from the design and fabrication of the SNS prototype, eleven - 0.61 (medium) beta and the twelve - 0.81 (high) beta cryomodules, will prove to be an effective asset to the ILC project. After delivery of the final production cryomodule in March 2005, design and fabrication data will be collected, evaluated and presented to make this information beneficial for future particle accelerator projects. Recommendations with respect to these findings will also be presented as an integral part of this paper. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Hogan, J (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1151 EP 1155 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201014 ER PT S AU DeGraff, B Soyars, W Martinez, A AF DeGraff, B. Soyars, W. Martinez, A. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI SCRF cryogenic operating experience at FNPL SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE Cryostat; RF cavity; test facilities; superfluid; heat load measurements; RF cavities AB The Fermilab-NICADD Photoinjector Laboratory (FNPL), a photoelectron research and development beam line, has been operational since 1998. A single TESLA 9-cell superconducting RF cavity is operated in support of this accelerator system. The superfluid cryogenic system consists of a dewar-fed liquid helium supply with up to 2 g/s vacuum pumping capacity. Helium gas is recovered to the Tevatron cryogenic system. The photoinjector static load is about 2.5 W to 1.8 K, with a typical dynamic component of about 0.5 W. The capabilities, performance, operating experience, and reliability of this superfluid cryogenic system will be discussed. An auxiliary cryogenic system for testing bare superconducting RF cavities in a vertical dewar is also available, providing a steady state capacity of about 12 W at 1.8 K for testing. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP DeGraff, B (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1164 EP 1171 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201016 ER PT S AU Soyars, W Darve, C Nicol, T Rowe, A AF Soyars, W. Darve, C. Nicol, T. Rowe, A. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Design, fabrication, and test of an SRF cryomodule prototype at Fermilab SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE cryostat; RF cavity; heat load measurements; RF cavities AB In support of the Charged Kaons at the Main Injector (CKM) experiment [1], an SRF cryomodule was designed, assembled, and tested at Fermilab. The cryomodule prototype consists of a single niobium 13-cell 3.9 GHz superconducting RF cavity installed in its horizontal cryostat. The prototype was simplified to hold an additional dummy cavity in place of a second 13-cell SRF cavity. Although this cryomodule was originally intended for beamline deflection in the CKM experiment, this first preliminary test aims to compliment existing vertical 3-cell 3.9 GHz SRF cavity testing and also to gain expertise in the field of SRF testing. The cryomodule's thermal and mechanical design is reported. The test process and instrumentation is described. The first operational cooldown with RF powering is discussed and some cryogenic results are given. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Soyars, W (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1172 EP 1178 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201017 ER PT S AU Rabehl, R Carcagno, R Feher, S Huang, Y Orris, D Pischalnikov, Y Sylvester, C Tartaglia, M AF Rabehl, R. Carcagno, R. Feher, S. Huang, Y. Orris, D. Pischalnikov, Y. Sylvester, C. Tartaglia, M. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI HTS power lead testing at the Fermilab magnet test facility SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE Test facilities; power leads; HTS; thermal insulation AB The Fermilab Magnet Test Facility has tested high-temperature superconductor (HTS) power leads for cryogenic feed boxes to be placed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) interaction regions and at the new BTeV C0 interaction region of the Fermilab Tevatron. A new test facility was designed and operated, successfully testing 20 pairs of HTS power leads for the LHC and 2 pairs of HTS power leads for the BTeV experiment. This paper describes the design and operation of the cryogenics, process controls, data acquisition, and quench management systems. Results from the facility commissioning are included, as is the performance of a new insulation method to prevent frost accumulation on the warm ends of the power leads. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Rabehl, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1261 EP 1268 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201028 ER PT S AU Kelley, JP Blind, B Jason, AJ AF Kelley, J. P. Blind, B. Jason, A. J. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Cryosystem for a proton-radiography achromat SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE cryosystem; achromat ID MAGNETS AB Performing proton radiography on thick objects using conventional linear quadrupole lenses (four quadrupoles of equal strength and alternating sign) with the beam energy available (800 MeV) at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) results in significant chromatic aberrations - on the order of a few millimeters when a resolution of < 0.5 mm is desirable. We consider the use of a second-order achromat with octupole correctors to eliminate second-order terms and minimize the third-order effects. A strawman achromat is constructed from five magnetic cells. The pool-boiling superconducting magnets in each 5.27-m long cell consist of a dipole (12 degrees bend angle), a pair of multipole packages (quadrupole, sextupole and octupole), one immediately upstream and downstream of the dipole, and an octupole package. High-temperature superconducting leads will be used with the higher current magnets (dipoles and quadrupoles). This paper describes a conceptual cryosystem for cooling the superconducting magnets of the achromat. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kelley, JP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1377 EP 1383 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201041 ER PT S AU Martinez, A Klebaner, AL Makara, JN Theilacker, JC AF Martinez, A. Klebaner, A. L. Makara, J. N. Theilacker, J. C. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Surge recovery techniques for the tevatron cold compressors SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE cold compressors; surge; centrifugal; test facilities; tevatron AB The Fermilab Tevatron cryogenic system utilizes high-speed centrifugal cold compressors, made by Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. (IHI), for high-energy operations [1]. The compressor is designed to pump 60 g/s of 3.6 K saturated helium vapor at a pressure ratio of 2.8, with an off-design range of 40 to 70 g/s and operating speeds between 40 and 95 krpm. Since initial commissioning in 1993, Tevatron transient conditions such as quench recovery have led to multiple-location machine trips as a result of the cold compressors entering the surge regime. Historically, compressors operating at lower inlet pressures and higher speeds have been especially susceptible to these machine trips and it was not uncommon to have multiple compressor trips during large multiple-house quenches. In order to cope with these events and limit accelerator down time, surge recovery techniques have been implemented in an attempt to prevent the compressors from tripping once the machine entered this surge regime. This paper discusses the different methods of surge recovery that have been employed. Data from tests performed at the Cryogenic Test Facility at Fermilab as well as actual Tevatron operational data were utilized. In order to aid in the determination of the surge region, a full mapping study was undertaken to characterize the entire pressure field of the cold compressor. These techniques were then implemented and tested at several locations in the Tevatron with some success. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Martinez, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1384 EP 1391 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201042 ER PT S AU DeGraff, B Bossert, R Martinez, A Soyars, WM AF DeGraff, B. Bossert, R. Martinez, A. Soyars, W. M. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Critical speed measurements in the Tevatron cold compressors SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE cold compressors; data acquisition system; Fermilab refrigeration system; vibrations AB The Fermilab Tevatron cryogenic system utilizes high-speed centrifugal cold compressors, manufactured by Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. (IHI), for high energy operations. Nominal operating range for these compressors is 43,000 to 85,000 rpm. Past foil bearing failures prompted investigation to determine if critical speeds for operating compressors fall within operating range. Data acquisition hardware and software settings will be discussed for measuring liftoff, first critical and second critical speeds. Several tests provided comparisons between an optical displacement probe and accelerometer measurements. Vibration data and analysis of the 20 Tevatron ring cold compressors will be presented. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP DeGraff, B (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1392 EP 1398 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201043 ER PT S AU Klebaner, AL Theilacker, JC AF Klebaner, A. L. Theilacker, J. C. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Cryogenics for the superconducting module test facility SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE test facility; superconducting; international linear collider AB A group of laboratories and universities, with Fermilab taking the lead, are constructing a superconducting cryomodule test facility (SMTF) in the Meson Detector Building (MDB) area at Fermilab. The facility will be used for testing and validating designs for both pulsed and CW systems. A multi phase approach is taken to construct the facility. For the initial phase of the project, cryogens for a single cavity cryomodule will be supplied from the existing Cryogenic Test Facility (CTF) that houses three Tevatron satellite refrigerators. The cooling capacity available for cryomodule testing at MDB results from the liquefaction capacity of the CTF cryogenic system. A cryogenic distribution system to supply cryogens from CTF to MDB is under construction. This paper describes plans, status and challenges of the initial phase of the SMTF cryogenic system. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Klebaner, AL (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1428 EP 1435 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201048 ER PT S AU Hatfield, D Casagrande, F Campisi, I Gurd, P Howell, M Stout, D Strong, H Arenius, D Creel, J Dixon, K Ganni, V Knudsen, P AF Hatfield, D. Casagrande, F. Campisi, I. Gurd, P. Howell, M. Stout, D. Strong, H. Arenius, D. Creel, J. Dixon, K. Ganni, V. Knudsen, P. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Sns cryogenic systems commissioning SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE accelerator technology; 2.1K cryogenic systems AB The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is under construction at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The cold section of the Linac consists of 81 superconducting radio frequency cavities cooled to 2.1K by a 2400 watt cryogenic refrigeration system. The major cryogenic system components include warm helium compressors with associated oil removal and gas management, 4.5K cold box, 7000L liquid helium dewar, 2.1K cold box (consisting of 4 stages of cold compressors), gaseous helium storage, helium purification and gas impurity monitoring system, liquid nitrogen storage and the cryogenic distribution transfer line system. The overall system commissioning and future plans will be presented. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SNS Project, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hatfield, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SNS Project, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1436 EP 1443 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201049 ER PT S AU Knudsen, P Ganni, V AF Knudsen, P. Ganni, V. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI Simplified helium refrigerator cycle analysis using the 'Carnot Step' SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE helium; refrigerator; liquefier; cycle; Claude; Carnot AB An analysis of the Claude form of an idealized helium liquefier for the minimum input work reveals the 'Carnot Step' for helium refrigerator cycles. As the 'Carnot Step' for a multi-stage polytropic compression process consists of equal pressure ratio stages; similarly for an idealized helium liquefier the 'Carnot Step' consists of equal temperature ratio stages for a given number of expansion stages. This paper presents the analytical basis and some useful equations for the preliminary examination of existing and new Claude helium refrigeration cycles. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Knudsen, P (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 1977 EP 1986 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201113 ER PT S AU Sidi-Yekhlef, A Than, R Tuozzolo, J Ganni, V Knudsen, P Arenius, D AF Sidi-Yekhlef, A. Than, R. Tuozzolo, J. Ganni, V. Knudsen, P. Arenius, D. BE Weisend, JG Barclay, J Breon, S Demko, J DiPirro, M Kelley, JP Kittel, P Klebaner, A Lock, J Maddocks, J Peterson, T Pfotenhauer, J Rowe, A VanSciver, S Zeller, A TI The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) refrigerator system at brookhaven national laboratory: Phase III of the system performance and operations upgrades for 2006 SO Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vols 51A and B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Cryogenic Engineering Conference 2005 CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Keystone, CO SP US DOE, Off High Energy Phys, Fermi Natl Accele Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Off Naval Res & Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE helium; plant; refrigerator; liquefier; efficiency AB An ongoing program at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) consists of improving the efficiency of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) cryogenic system and reducing its power consumption. Phase I and II of the program addressed plant operational improvements and modifications that resulted in substantial operational cost reduction and improved system reliability and stability, and a compressor input power reduction of 2 MW has been demonstrated. Phase III, now under way, consists of plans for further increasing the efficiency of the plant by adding a load "wet" turbo-expander and its associated heat exchangers at the low temperature end of the plant. This additional stage of cooling at the coldest level will further reduce the required compressor flow and therefore compressor power input. This paper presents the results of the plant characterization, as it is operating presently, as well as the results of the plant simulations of the various planned upgrades for the plant. The immediate upgrade includes the changes associated with the load expander. The subsequent upgrade will involve the resizing of expander 5 and 6 to increase their efficiencies. The paper summarizes the expected improvement in the plant efficiency and the overall reduction in the compressor power. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sidi-Yekhlef, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0317-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 823 BP 2010 EP 2017 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BEL54 UT WOS:000237990201117 ER PT S AU Segura, J Hawkins, C Soden, J AF Segura, Jaume Hawkins, Charles Soden, Jerry BE Gizopoulos, D TI Failure Mechanisms and Testing in Nanometer Technologies SO ADVANCES IN ELECTRONIC TESTING SE Frontiers in Electronic Testing LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IMPACT; PERFORMANCE C1 [Segura, Jaume] Univ Illes Balears, Dept Fis, Palma De Mallorca, Spain. [Hawkins, Charles] Univ New Mexico, Dept EECE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Soden, Jerry] Sandia Natl Labs, Failure Anal Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Segura, J (reprint author), Univ Illes Balears, Dept Fis, Palma De Mallorca, Spain. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0929-1296 BN 978-0-387-29409-4 J9 FRONT ELECTRON TEST PY 2006 VL 27 BP 43 EP 75 D2 10.1007/0-387-29409-0 PG 33 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BLX90 UT WOS:000271361200004 ER PT S AU Bock, A King, PW Blokesch, M Posewitz, MC AF Boeck, August King, Paul W. Blokesch, Melanie Posewitz, Matthew C. BE Poole, RK TI Maturation of hydrogenases SO ADVANCES IN MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY, VOL 51 SE Advances in Microbial Physiology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID DESULFOVIBRIO-VULGARIS HILDENBOROUGH; FE-ONLY HYDROGENASE; IRON-SULFUR-CLUSTER; ALGA CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; NAD-REDUCING HYDROGENASE; RALSTONIA-EUTROPHA H16; CLOSTRIDIUM-PASTEURIANUM HYDROGENASE; CARBON-MONOXIDE DEHYDROGENASE; H-2-SENSING NIFE HYDROGENASE; NICKEL-RESPONSIVE REGULATOR AB Enzymes possessing the capacity to oxidize molecular hydrogen have developed convergently leading to three classes of enzymes: [FeFe]-, [NiFe]-, and [FeS]-cluster-free hydrogenases. They differ in the composition and the structure of the active site metal centre and the sequence of the constituent structural polypeptides but they show one unifying feature, namely the existence of CN and/or CO ligands at the active site Fe. Recent developments in the analysis of the maturation of [FeFe]- and [NiFe]- hydrogenases have revealed a remarkably complex pattern of mostly novel biochemical reactions. Maturation of [FeFe]hydrogenases requires a minimum of three auxiliary proteins, two of which belong to the class of Radical-SAM enzymes and the other to the family of GTPases. They are sufficient to generate active enzyme when their genes are co-expressed with the structural genes in a heterologous host, otherwise deficient in [FeFe]-hydrogenase expression. Maturation of the large subunit of [NiFe]-hydrogenases depends on the activity of at least seven core proteins that catalyse the synthesis of the CN ligand, have a function in the coordination of the active site iron, the insertion of nickel and the proteolytic maturation of the large subunit. Whereas this core maturation machinery is sufficient to generate active hydrogenase in the cytoplasm, like that of hydrogenase 3 from Escherichia coli, additional proteins are involved in the export of the ready-assembled heterodimeric enzyme to the periplasm via the twin-arginine translocation system in the case of membrane-bound hydrogenases. A series of other gene products with intriguing putative functions indicate that the minimal pathway established for E. coli [NiFe]-hydrogenase maturation may possess even higher complexity in other organisms. C1 Univ Munich, Dept Biol 1, D-80638 Munich, Germany. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Basic Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Environm Sci & Engn Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Bock, A (reprint author), Univ Munich, Dept Biol 1, D-80638 Munich, Germany. RI Blokesch, Melanie/A-4057-2013; King, Paul/D-9979-2011; OI King, Paul/0000-0001-5039-654X; Blokesch, Melanie/0000-0002-7024-1489 NR 236 TC 210 Z9 215 U1 3 U2 45 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0065-2911 BN 0-12-027751-4 J9 ADV MICROB PHYSIOL JI Adv.Microb.Physiol. PY 2006 VL 51 BP 1 EP 71 DI 10.1016/S0065-2911(06)51001-X PG 71 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA BFK90 UT WOS:000242543000001 PM 17091562 ER PT S AU Oliferenko, AA Pisarev, SA Palyulin, VA Zefirov, NS AF Oliferenko, Alexander A. Pisarev, Sergei A. Palyulin, Vladimir A. Zefirov, Nikolai S. BE Sabin, JR Brandas, E TI Atomic charges via electronegativity equalization: Generalizations and perspectives SO ADVANCES IN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY, VOL 51 SE Advances in Quantum Chemistry LA English DT Review ID MOLECULAR ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIALS; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; POPULATION ANALYSIS; FORCE-FIELD; DENSITY; PARAMETRIZATION; EQUILIBRATION; EIGENVALUES; CHEMISTRY; FORMAMIDE AB Since the atomic point charges came into wide use as the electrostatic part of modem molecular force fields, dozens of empirical and semiempirical charge calculation methods were developed over the last few decades. Many of them employ electronegativity equalization, one of the DFT cornerstone principles. We show that algebraically all known electronegativity equalization schemes can be divided into two different groups with respect to the underlying mathematical formalism and the degree to which electronegativity is equalized. Methods of the first group are based on the generalized hardness matrix formalism and provide complete electronegativity equalization, whereas another group of methods invokes the Laplacian matrix formalism and results in a redistribution of electronegativity rather than complete equalization. A new principle of electronegativity relaxation is introduced. Electronegativity identified with electrical potential is viewed as a harmonic function satisfying a discrete Laplace equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions. A Markov chain formalism for solving such equations is developed. Some numerical results of chemical interest are discussed. Application of atomic charges in different areas of molecular modeling is over-viewed. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119992, Russia. RP Oliferenko, AA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM aleksandr.oliferenko@pnl.gov RI Zefirov, Nikolay/I-7476-2013; Palyulin, Vladimir/G-7546-2014; OI Palyulin, Vladimir/0000-0001-8792-8386; Pisarev, Sergey/0000-0003-0262-4397 NR 67 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-3276 BN 0-12-034851-9 J9 ADV QUANTUM CHEM JI Adv. Quantum Chem. PY 2006 VL 51 BP 139 EP 156 DI 10.1016/S0065-3276(06)51004-4 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA BFO43 UT WOS:000243422400004 ER PT J AU Davies, JA Dunlop, MW Perry, CH Lockwood, M Alexeev, I Taylor, MGGT Fazakerley, AN Owen, CJ Marchaudon, A Friedel, RHW Deng, XH Grande, M Daly, PW AF Davies, J. A. Dunlop, M. W. Perry, C. H. Lockwood, M. Alexeev, I. Taylor, M. G. G. T. Fazakerley, A. N. Owen, C. J. Marchaudon, A. Friedel, R. H. W. Deng, X. H. Grande, M. Daly, P. W. TI Energetic electron signatures in an active magnetotail plasma sheet SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cluster; substorm; energetic particles ID ADVANCED COMPOSITION EXPLORER; SOLAR-WIND CONTROL; CLUSTER; PARTICLE; MAGNETOSPHERE; PEACE AB Particles with energies of tens to hundreds of keV provide a powerful diagnostic of the acceleration processes that characterise the Earth's magnetosphere, in particular the highly dynamic nightside plasma sheet. Such energetic particles can be detected by the RAPID experiment, onboard the quartet of Cluster spacecraft. We present results from the study of a series of quasi-periodic, intense energetic electron signatures in the magnetotail revealed by RAPID Imaging Electron Spectrometer (IES) observations some 19 Earth radii (R-E) downtail. associated with the passage of a highly geoeffective, high-speed solar wind stream. The RAPID-IES signatures - interpreted in combination with magnetic field and lower-energy electron measurements from the FGM and PEACE experiments on Cluster, respectively, and with reference to energetic electron observations from the CEPPAD-IES instrument on Polar - are understood in terms of repeated encounters of the Cluster spacecraft with the tail plasma sheet in response to the resultant tail reconfiguration in each of a series of substorms. We consider the Cluster response for two of these substorms (identified according to the conventional expansion phase onset indicators of particle injection at geosynchronous orbit and Pi2 pulsations at Earth) in terms of two possible tail configurations in which a Near-Earth Neutral Line forms either antisunward or sunward of the Cluster spacecraft. The latter scenario, in which the reconnection X-line is assumed to form sunward of Cluster and subsequently migrate downtail such that the spacecraft become engulfed in a tailward expanding plasma sheet, is shown to be more consistent with the observations. (C) 2006 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Davies, J. A.; Dunlop, M. W.; Perry, C. H.; Lockwood, M.; Grande, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Dept Space Sci & Technol, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Alexeev, I.; Taylor, M. G. G. T.; Fazakerley, A. N.; Owen, C. J.; Marchaudon, A.] UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Friedel, R. H. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Deng, X. H.] Wuhan Univ, Dept Space Phys, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Daly, P. W.] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. RP Davies, JA (reprint author), Rutherford Appleton Lab, Dept Space Sci & Technol, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. EM j.a.davies@rl.ac.uk RI Owen, Christopher/C-2999-2008; Friedel, Reiner/D-1410-2012; dunlop, malcolm/F-1347-2010; Lockwood, Mike/G-1030-2011; Grande, Manuel/C-2242-2013 OI Owen, Christopher/0000-0002-5982-4667; Friedel, Reiner/0000-0002-5228-0281; Lockwood, Mike/0000-0002-7397-2172; Grande, Manuel/0000-0002-2233-2618 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 J9 ADV SPACE RES JI Adv. Space Res. PY 2006 VL 38 IS 8 BP 1608 EP 1614 DI 10.1016/j.asr.2006.02.012 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA V44FL UT WOS:000202988500007 ER PT J AU Mann, IR Balmain, KG Blake, JB Boteler, D Bourdarie, S Clemmons, JH Dent, ZC Degeling, AW Fedosejeves, R Fennell, JF Fraser, BJ Green, JC Jordanova, VK Kale, A Kistler, LM Knudsen, DJ Lessard, MR Loto'aniu, TM Milling, DK O'Brien, TP Onsager, TG Ozeke, LG Rae, IJ Rankin, R Reeves, GD Ridley, AJ Sofko, GJ Summers, D Thomson, I Thorne, RM Tsui, YY Unick, C Vassiliadis, D Wygant, JR Yau, AW AF Mann, I. R. Balmain, K. G. Blake, J. B. Boteler, D. Bourdarie, S. Clemmons, J. H. Dent, Z. C. Degeling, A. W. Fedosejeves, R. Fennell, J. F. Fraser, B. J. Green, J. C. Jordanova, V. K. Kale, A. Kistler, L. M. Knudsen, D. J. Lessard, M. R. Loto'aniu, T. M. Milling, D. K. O'Brien, T. P. Onsager, T. G. Ozeke, L. G. Rae, I. J. Rankin, R. Reeves, G. D. Ridley, A. J. Sofko, G. J. Summers, D. Thomson, I. Thorne, R. M. Tsui, Y. Y. Unick, C. Vassiliadis, D. Wygant, J. R. Yau, A. W. TI The outer radiation belt injection, transport, acceleration and loss satellite (ORBITALS): A Canadian small satellite mission for ILWS SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ILWS; radiation belts; ULF waves; inner magnetosphere; satellite missions ID WHISTLER-MODE CHORUS; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON MICROBURSTS; SUBAURORAL POLARIZATION STREAM; ION COMPOSITION MEASUREMENTS; WAVE-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS; INNER MAGNETOSPHERE; RESONANT DIFFUSION; CYCLOTRON WAVES; SPACE WEATHER; STORM AB The outer radiation belt injection, transport, acceleration and loss satellite (ORBITALS) is a small satellite mission proposed as a Canadian contribution to the satellite infrastructure for the International Living With a Star (ILWS) program. The ORBITALS will monitor the energetic electron and ion populations in the inner magnetosphere across a wide range of energies (keV to tens of MeV) as well as the dynamic electric and magnetic fields, waves and cold plasma environment which govern the injection, transport, acceleration and loss of these energetic and space weather critical particle populations. ORBITALS will be launched around 2010-2012 into a low-inclination GTO-like orbit which maximizes the long-lasting apogee-pass conjunctions with both the ground-based instruments of the Canadian Geospace Monitoring (CGSM) array as well as with the GOES East and West and geosynchronous communications satellites in the North American sector. Specifically, the ORBITALS will make the measurements necessary to gain fundamental new understanding of the relative importance of different physical acceleration and loss processes which are hypothesised to shape the energetic particle populations in the inner magnetosphere. The ORBITALS will also provide the raw radiation measurements at MEO altitudes necessary for the development of the next-generation of radiation belt specification models, and on-board experiments will also monitor the dose, single-event upset, and deep-dielectric charging responses of electronic components on-orbit. In this paper we outline the scientific objectives of the ORBITALS mission, discuss how the ORBITALS will lead to solutions to outstanding questions in inner magnetospheric science, and examine how the ORBITALS will complement other proposed inner magnetosphere missions in the ILWS era. (C) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of COSPAR. C1 [Mann, I. R.; Dent, Z. C.; Degeling, A. W.; Kale, A.; Loto'aniu, T. M.; Milling, D. K.; Ozeke, L. G.; Rae, I. J.; Rankin, R.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Balmain, K. G.] Univ Toronto, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Blake, J. B.; Clemmons, J. H.; Fennell, J. F.; O'Brien, T. P.] Aerosp Corp, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Boteler, D.] Geol Survey Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Fedosejeves, R.; Tsui, Y. Y.; Unick, C.] Univ Alberta, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Fraser, B. J.] Univ Newcastle, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. [Green, J. C.; Onsager, T. G.] NOAA, Space Environm Ctr, Boulder, CO USA. [Jordanova, V. K.; Kistler, L. M.; Lessard, M. R.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Knudsen, D. J.; Yau, A. W.] Univ Calgary, Dept Phys & Astron, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Reeves, G. D.] LANL, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Ridley, A. J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Sofko, G. J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Summers, D.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Math & Stat, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada. [Thomson, I.] Thomson Nielsen, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Thorne, R. M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Vassiliadis, D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Wygant, J. R.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Mann, IR (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB, Canada. EM ian.mann@ualberta.ca RI Rankin, Robert/C-5435-2013; Rae, Jonathan/D-8132-2013; Yau, Andrew/E-7007-2013; Ridley, Aaron/F-3943-2011; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011; Degeling, Alexander/F-1091-2016; OI Rankin, Robert/0000-0003-0151-6343; Jordanova, Vania/0000-0003-0475-8743; Yau, Andrew/0000-0002-8210-0392; Ridley, Aaron/0000-0001-6933-8534; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098; Degeling, Alexander/0000-0001-7338-9270; Clemmons, James/0000-0002-5298-5222 NR 94 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 EI 1879-1948 J9 ADV SPACE RES JI Adv. Space Res. PY 2006 VL 38 IS 8 BP 1838 EP 1860 DI 10.1016/j.asr.2005.11.009 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA V44FL UT WOS:000202988500039 ER PT J AU Russell, CT Capaccioni, F Coradini, A Christensen, U De Sanctis, MC Feldman, WC Jaumann, R Keller, HU Konopliv, A McCord, TB McFadden, LA McSween, HY Mottola, S Neukum, G Pieters, CM Prettyman, TH Raymond, CA Smith, DE Sykes, MV Williams, B Zuber, MT AF Russell, C. T. Capaccioni, F. Coradini, A. Christensen, U. De Sanctis, M. C. Feldman, W. C. Jaumann, R. Keller, H. U. Konopliv, A. McCord, T. B. McFadden, L. A. McSween, H. Y. Mottola, S. Neukum, G. Pieters, C. M. Prettyman, T. H. Raymond, C. A. Smith, D. E. Sykes, M. V. Williams, B. Zuber, M. T. TI Dawn discovery mission to vesta and ceres: Present status SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE vesta; ceres; discovery mission; asteroid AB Dawn, the ninth Discovery mission, is a journey to the main belt asteroids Vesta and Ceres to attempt to understand the building blocks of the solar system and the processes occurring at the solar system's earliest epoch. It does this with a spacecraft that utilizes ion propulsion to reach its targets and to maneuver into orbit about these bodies. It carries a framing camera, a visible and infrared mapping spectrometer, and a gamma ray and neutron detector. The mission has passed its critical design review and is scheduled to be launched in June 2006 with arrival at Vesta in 2011 and Ceres in 2015. (c) 2005 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Russell, C. T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Capaccioni, F.; Coradini, A.] IFSI, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Christensen, U.; Keller, H. U.] MPS, Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [De Sanctis, M. C.] IAFS, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Feldman, W. C.; Prettyman, T. H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Jaumann, R.; Mottola, S.] DLR, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Konopliv, A.; Raymond, C. A.; Williams, B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [McCord, T. B.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [McFadden, L. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McSween, H. Y.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Neukum, G.] Free Univ Berlin, D-12249 Berlin, Germany. [Pieters, C. M.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Smith, D. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Sykes, M. V.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Zuber, M. T.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Russell, CT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, 603 Charles Young Dr E,3845 Slichter Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM nina@igpp.ucla.edu RI McFadden, Lucy-Ann/I-4902-2013; De Sanctis, Maria Cristina/G-5232-2013 OI McFadden, Lucy-Ann/0000-0002-0537-9975; De Sanctis, Maria Cristina/0000-0002-3463-4437 NR 2 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 J9 ADV SPACE RES JI Adv. Space Res. PY 2006 VL 38 IS 9 BP 2043 EP 2048 DI 10.1016/j.asr.2004.12.041 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA V44FM UT WOS:000202988600025 ER PT S AU Jorgensen, AM Mozurkewich, D Murphy, J Sapantaie, M Armstrong, JT Gilbreath, GC Hindsley, R Pauls, TA Schmitt, H Hutter, DJ AF Jorgensen, Anders M. Mozurkewich, Dave Murphy, James Sapantaie, Marc Armstrong, J. Thomas Gilbreath, G. Charmaine Hindsley, Robert Pauls, Thomas A. Schmitt, Henrique Hutter, Donald J. BE Monnier, JD Scholler, M Danchi, WC TI Characterization of the NPOI fringe scanning stroke - art. no. 62684A SO Advances in Stellar Interferometry Pts 1 and 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Stellar Interferometry CY MAY 25-30, 2006 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE, Amer Astron Soc, Assoc Univ Res Astron, Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, European SE Observ, Opt Infrared Coordinat Network, Particle Phys & Astron Res Council, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Univ Florida, Univ Cent Florida, Coll Opt & Photon AB We report on the results of an experiment to characterize the fringe scanning stroke on the Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer (NPOI) Fast Delay Line (FDL) strokes. The measurements were carried out during three days April 11-13, 2005 at the NPOI site near Flagstaff, AZ. The NPOI uses a heterodyne metrology laser system in its operations. It consists of a HeNe laser with a 2 MHz heterodyne component generated by an Acousto-Optic Modulator (AOM). One polarization is used as the 2 MHz clock, and the other is sent through the feed system twice and bounces off the piezo stroke modulators. We sampled both signals at 50 MHz, and obtained stroke and cart combined motion at the frequency of the stroke modulated 2 MHz heterodyne signal. By counting zero-crossings in the reference and feed system signals, a rough position (to a wavelength) can be obtained. This can be further refined to the few-nanometer level by measuring the relative phases of the reference and feed system signals. This results in approximately 4000 positions measurements per 2 ms stroke with a precision of approximately I nm. We recorded stroke positions for approximately 500 strokes (1 s), for all but one of the six FDLs, under a variety of conditions: different stroke amplitudes, different cart speeds, and different cart positions in the FDLs. We then analyzed these data from a total of 100 tests to understand the deviation of the actual stroke from the ideal stroke. We found that the mean stroke differs from the ideal stroke, and that consecutive strokes differ from each other. We computed the effect of the non-ideal stroke on the science data. A non-ideal stroke results in leakage of fringe power between fringe frequencies. This leakage is not significant during most normal operations of the NPOI. However, when the squared visibilities of baselines on the same spectrograph differ by large amounts (a factor of 10), care should be taken. Ideally, High- and low-visibility baselines should be placed on different spectrographs. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Jorgensen, AM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6333-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6268 BP A2684 EP A2684 AR 62684A DI 10.1117/12.672839 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BEZ48 UT WOS:000240312800138 ER PT S AU Jorgensen, AM Mozurkewich, D Schmitt, H Armstrong, JT Gilbreath, GC Hindsley, R Pauls, TA Peterson, DM AF Jorgensen, Anders M. Mozurkewich, Dave Schmitt, Henrique Armstrong, J. Thomas Gilbreath, G. Charmaine Hindsley, Robert Pauls, Thomas A. Peterson, Deane M. BE Monnier, JD Scholler, M Danchi, WC TI Coherent integrations, fringe modeling, and bootstrapping with the NPOI - art. no. 62681H SO Advances in Stellar Interferometry Pts 1 and 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Stellar Interferometry CY MAY 25-30, 2006 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE, Amer Astron Soc, Assoc Univ Res Astron, Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, European SE Observ, Opt Infrared Coordinat Network, Particle Phys & Astron Res Council, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Univ Florida, Univ Cent Florida, Coll Opt & Photon ID INTERFEROMETER AB Atmospheric turbulence is a major impediment to ground-based optical interferometry. It causes fringes to move on ms time-scales, forcing very short exposures. Because of the semi-random phase shifts, the traditional approach averages exposure power spectra to build signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This incoherent average has two problems: (1) A bias of correlated noise is introduced which must be subtracted. The smaller the visibility/the fainter the target star, the more difficult bias subtraction becomes. SNR builds only slowly in this case. Unfortunately, these most difficult small visibility baselines contain most of the image information. (2) Baseline phase information is discarded. These are serious challenges to imaging with ground based optical interferometers. But if we were able to determine fringe phase, we could shift and integrate all the short exposures. We would then eliminate the bias problem, improve the SNR, and we would have preserved most of the phase information. This coherent averaging becomes possible with multi-spectral measurements. The group delay presents one option for determining phase. A more accurate approach is to use a time-dependent model of the fringe. For the most interesting low-visibility baselines, the atmospheric phase information can be bootstrapped from phase determinations on high-visibility baselines using the closure relation. The NPOI, with 32 spectral channels and a bootstrapping configuration, is well-suited for these approaches. We will illustrate how the fringe modeling approach works, compare it to the group-delay approach, and show how these approaches can be used to derive bias-free visibility amplitude and phase information. Coherent integration provides the highest signal-to-noise (SNR) improvement precisely in the situations where SNR builds most slowly using incoherent averaging. Coherent integration also produces high-SNR phase measurements which are calibration-free and thus have high real uncertainties as well. In this paper we will show how to coherently integration on NPOI data, and how to use baseline visibilities and calibrate coherently integrated visibility amplitudes. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jorgensen, AM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6333-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6268 BP H2681 EP H2681 AR 62681H DI 10.1117/12.672829 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BEZ48 UT WOS:000240312800049 ER PT J AU Iqbal, A Kashani-Poor, AK AF Iqbal, Amer Kashani-Poor, Amir-Kian TI SU (N) geometries and topological string amplitudes SO ADVANCES IN THEORETICAL AND MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DUALITY AB It has been conjectured recently that the field theory limit of the topological string partition functions, including all higher genus contributions, for the family of CY3-folds giving rise to N = 2 4D SU(N) gauge theory via geometric engineering can be obtained from gauge instanton calculus. We verify this surprising conjecture by calculating the partition functions for such local CYs using diagrammatic techniques inspired by geometric transitions. Determining the Gopakumar-Vafa invariants for these geometries to all orders in the fiber wrappings allows us to take the field theory limit. C1 Harvard Univ, Jefferson Lab, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Iqbal, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Jefferson Lab, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 30 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PRESS BOSTON, INC PI SOMERVILLE PA PO BOX 43502, SOMERVILLE, MA 02143 USA SN 1095-0761 J9 ADV THEOR MATH PHYS JI Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 10 IS 1 BP 1 EP 32 PG 32 WC Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 087TY UT WOS:000240766500001 ER PT S AU Rosten, E Cox, S AF Rosten, Edward Cox, Susan BE Bebis, G Boyle, R Parvin, B Koracin, D Remagnino, P Nefian, A Meenakshisundaram, G Pascucci, V Zara, J Molineros, J Theisel, H Malzbender, T TI Accurate extraction of reciprocal space information from transmission electron microscopy images SO ADVANCES IN VISUAL COMPUTING, PT 1 SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Visual Computing CY NOV 06-08, 2006 CL Lake Tahoe, NV SP UNR Comp Vis Lab, Desert Res Inst, NASA, Siemens, Intel, DigitalPersona, Equinox Corp, HP, nVIDA, Ford Corp, Mitsubish, UtopiaCompression ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; EM ALGORITHM AB As the study of complex systems has become dominant in physics the link between computational and physical science has become ever more important. In particular, with the rising popularity of imaging techniques in physis, the development and application of cutting edge computer vision techniques has become vital. Here we present novel image analysis methods which can be used to extract the position of features in diffraction patterns (reciprocal space) with unprecedented accuracy. The first contribution we have developed is a method for calculating the nonlinear response of photographic film by using the noise in the image enabling the extraction of accurate intensity information. This allows high-resolution (but non-linear) film to be used in place of low-resolution (but linear) CCD cameras. The second contribution is a method for accurately localising very faint features in diffraction patterns by modelling the features and using the expectation maximization algorithm directly on the image to fit them. The accuracy of this technique has been verified by testing it on synthetic data. These methods have been applied to transmission electron microscopy data, and have already enabled discoveries which would have been impossible using previously available techniques. C1 [Rosten, Edward; Cox, Susan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Rosten, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM edrosten@lanl.gov; scox@lanl.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-48628-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 4291 BP 373 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFN03 UT WOS:000243131500038 ER PT S AU Han, J Chang, H Yang, Q Barcellos-Hoff, MH Parvin, B AF Han, Ju Chang, Hang Yang, Qing Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen Parvin, Bahram BE Bebis, G Boyle, R Parvin, B Koracin, D Remagnino, P Nefian, A Meenakshisundaram, G Pascucci, V Zara, J Molineros, J Theisel, H Malzbender, T TI 3D segmentation of mammospheres for localization studies SO Advances in Visual Computing, Pt 1 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Visual Computing CY NOV 06-08, 2006 CL Lake Tahoe, NV SP UNR Comp Vis Lab, Desert Res Inst, NASA, Siemens, Intel, DigitalPersona, Equinox Corp, HP, nVIDA, Ford Corp, Mitsubish, UtopiaCompression ID IMAGE-ANALYSIS; MODEL AB Three dimensional cell culture assays have emerged as the basis of an improved model system for evaluating therapeutic agents, molecular probes, and exogenous stimuli. However, there is a gap in robust computational techniques for segmentation of image data that are collected through confocal or deconvolution microscopy. The main issue is the volume of data, overlapping subcellular compartments, and variation in scale and size of subcompartments of interest. A geometric technique has been developed to bound the solution of the problem by first localizing centers of mass for each cell and then partitioning clump of cells along minimal intersecting surfaces. An approximate solution to the center of mass is realized through iterative spatial voting, which is tolerant to variation in shape morphologies and overlapping compartments and is shown to have an excellent noise immunity. These centers of mass are then used to partition a clump of cells along minimal intersecting surfaces that are estimated by Radon transform. Examples on real data and performance of the system over a large population of data are evaluated. Although proposed strategies have been developed and tested on data collected through fluorescence microscopy, they are applicable to other problems in low level vision and medical imaging. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Automat, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Han, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-48628-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 4291 BP 518 EP 527 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFN03 UT WOS:000243131500052 ER PT S AU Chang, H Parvin, B AF Chang, Hang Parvin, Bahram BE Bebis, G Boyle, R Parvin, B Koracin, D Remagnino, P Nefian, A Meenakshisundaram, G Pascucci, V Zara, J Molineros, J Theisel, H Malzbender, T TI Segmentation of three dimensional cell culture models from a single focal plane SO Advances in Visual Computing, Pt 2 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Visual Computing CY NOV 06-08, 2006 CL Lake Tahoe, NV SP UNR Comp Vis Lab, Desert Res Inst, NASA, Siemens, Intel, DigitalPersona, Equinox Corp, HP, nVIDA, Ford Corp, Mitsubish, UtopiaCompression ID ACTIVE CONTOURS AB Three dimensional cell culture models offer new opportunities for development of computational techniques for segmentation and localization. These assays have a unique signature of a clump of cells that correspond to a functioning colony. Often the nuclear compartment is labeled and then imaged with fluorescent microscopy to provide context for protein localization. These colonies are first delineated from background using the level set method. Within each colony, nuclear regions are then bounded by their center of mass through radial voting, and a local neighborhood for each nucleus is established through Voronoi tessellation. Finally, the level set method is applied again within each Voronoi region to delineate the nuclear compartment. The paper concludes with the application of the proposed method to a dataset of experimental data demonstrating a stable solution when iterative radial voting and level set methods are used synergistically. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Automat, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Chang, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 4292 BP 586 EP 595 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFN05 UT WOS:000243132300059 ER PT S AU Tobin, KW Aykac, D Govindasamy, VP Gleason, SS Gregor, J Karnowski, TP Price, JR Wall, J AF Tobin, Kenneth W. Aykac, Deniz Govindasamy, V. Priya Gleason, Shaun S. Gregor, Jens Karnowski, Thomas P. Price, Jeffery R. Wall, Jonathan BE Bebis, G Boyle, R Parvin, B Koracin, D Remagnino, P Nefian, A Meenakshisundaram, G Pascucci, V Zara, J Molineros, J Theisel, H Malzbender, T TI Image-based informatics for preclinical biomedical research SO Advances in Visual Computing, Pt 2 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Visual Computing CY NOV 06-08, 2006 CL Lake Tahoe, NV SP UNR Comp Vis Lab, Desert Res Inst, NASA, Siemens, Intel, DigitalPersona, Equinox Corp, HP, nVIDA, Ford Corp, Mitsubish, UtopiaCompression ID RETRIEVAL; AMYLOIDOSIS AB In 2006, the New England Journal of Medicine selected medical imaging as one of the eleven most important innovations of the past 1,000 years, primarily due to its ability to allow physicians and researchers to visualize the very nature of disease. As a result of the broad-based adoption of micro imaging technologies, preclinical researchers today are generating terabytes of image data from both anatomic and functional imaging modes. In this paper we describe our early research to apply content-based image retrieval to index and manage large image libraries generated in the study of amyloid disease in mice. Amyloidosis is associated with diseases such as Alzheimer's, type 2 diabetes, chronic inflammation and myeloma. In particular, we will focus on results to date in the area of small animal organ segmentation and description for CT, SPECT, and PET modes and present a small set of preliminary retrieval results for a specific disease state in kidney CT cross-sections. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Image Sci & Machine Vis Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Siemens Preclin Solut, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Med, Knoxville, TN 37920 USA. RP Tobin, KW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Image Sci & Machine Vis Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 4292 BP 824 EP 834 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFN05 UT WOS:000243132300082 ER PT S AU Goddard, J Gee, T Wang, HL Gorbach, AM AF Goddard, James Gee, Timothy Wang, Hengliang Gorbach, Alexander M. BE Bebis, G Boyle, R Parvin, B Koracin, D Remagnino, P Nefian, A Meenakshisundaram, G Pascucci, V Zara, J Molineros, J Theisel, H Malzbender, T TI Segmentation-based registration of organs in intraoperative video sequences SO Advances in Visual Computing, Pt 2 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Visual Computing CY NOV 06-08, 2006 CL Lake Tahoe, NV SP UNR Comp Vis Lab, Desert Res Inst, NASA, Siemens, Intel, DigitalPersona, Equinox Corp, HP, nVIDA, Ford Corp, Mitsubish, UtopiaCompression AB Intraoperative optical imaging of exposed organs in visible, near-infrared, and infrared (IR) wavelengths in the body has the potential to be useful for real-time assessment of organ viability and image guidance during surgical intervention. However, the motion of the internal organs presents significant challenges for fast analysis of recorded 2D video sequences. The movement observed during surgery, due to respiration, cardiac motion, blood flow, and mechanical shift accompanying the surgical intervention, causes organ reflection in the image sequence, making optical measurements for further analysis challenging. Correcting alignment is difficult in that the motion is not uniform over the image. This paper describes a Canny edge-based method for segmentation of the specific organ or region under study, along with a moment-based registration method for the segmented region. Experimental results are provided for a set of intraoperative IR image sequences. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Image Sci & Machine Vis Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Goddard, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Image Sci & Machine Vis Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 4292 BP 835 EP 842 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFN05 UT WOS:000243132300083 ER PT S AU Gee, TF AF Gee, Timothy F. BE Bebis, G Boyle, R Parvin, B Koracin, D Remagnino, P Nefian, A Meenakshisundaram, G Pascucci, V Zara, J Molineros, J Theisel, H Malzbender, T TI On asymmetric classifier training for detector cascades SO Advances in Visual Computing, Pt 2 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Visual Computing CY NOV 06-08, 2006 CL Lake Tahoe, NV SP UNR Comp Vis Lab, Desert Res Inst, NASA, Siemens, Intel, DigitalPersona, Equinox Corp, HP, nVIDA, Ford Corp, Mitsubish, UtopiaCompression AB This paper examines the Asymmetric AdaBoost algorithm introduced by Viola and Jones for cascaded face detection. The Viola and Jones face detector uses cascaded classifiers to successively filter, or reject, non-faces. In this approach most non-faces are easily rejected by the earlier classifiers in the cascade, thus reducing the overall number of computations. This requires earlier cascade classifiers to very seldomly reject true instances of faces. To reflect this training goal, Viola and Jones introduce a weighting parameter for AdaBoost iterations and show it enforces a desirable bound. During their implementation, a modification to the proposed weighting was introduced, while enforcing the same bound. The goal of this paper is to examine their asymmetric weighting by putting AdaBoost in the form of Additive Regression as was done by Friedman, Hastie, and Tibshirani. The author believes this helps to explain the approach and adds another connection between AdaBoost and Additive Regression. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Gee, TF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 4292 BP 843 EP 850 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFN05 UT WOS:000243132300084 ER PT S AU Loss, L Bebis, G Nicolescu, M Skourikhine, A AF Loss, Leandro Bebis, George Nicolescu, Mircea Skourikhine, Alexei BE Bebis, G Boyle, R Parvin, B Koracin, D Remagnino, P Nefian, A Meenakshisundaram, G Pascucci, V Zara, J Molineros, J Theisel, H Malzbender, T TI Perceptual grouping based on iterative multi-scale tensor voting SO Advances in Visual Computing, Pt 2 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Visual Computing CY NOV 06-08, 2006 CL Lake Tahoe, NV SP UNR Comp Vis Lab, Desert Res Inst, NASA, Siemens, Intel, DigitalPersona, Equinox Corp, HP, nVIDA, Ford Corp, Mitsubish, UtopiaCompression ID INFERENCE AB We propose a new approach for perceptual grouping of oriented segments in highly cluttered images based on tensor voting. Segments are represented as second-order tensors and communicate with each other through a voting scheme that incorporates the Gestalt principles of visual perception. An iterative scheme has been devised which removes noise segments in a conservative way using multi-scale analysis and re-voting. We have tested our approach on data sets composed of real objects in real backgrounds. Our experimental results indicate that our method can segment successfully objects in images with up to twenty times more noise segments than object ones. C1 Univ Nevada, Comp Vis Lab, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Loss, L (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Comp Vis Lab, Reno, NV 89557 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 4292 BP 870 EP 881 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFN05 UT WOS:000243132300087 ER PT S AU Yashchuk, VV AF Yashchuk, Valeriy V. BE Khounsary, AM Morawe, C TI Positioning errors of pencil-beam interferometers for long trace profilers - art. no. 63170A SO Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics, Components, and Applications SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics, Components and Applications CY AUG 14-16, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE pencil-beam interferometer; long trace profiler; LTP; beam positioning; optical metrology; error reduction ID PRECISION CALIBRATION; PENTA-PRISM; IMPROVEMENTS; REDUCTION; ACCURACY; FIGURE AB We analyze the random noise and the systematic errors of the positioning of the interference patterns in the long trace profilers (LTP). The analysis, based on linear regression methods, allows the estimation of the contributions to the positioning error of a number of effects, including non-uniformity of the detector photo-response and pixel pitch, readout and dark signal noise, ADC resolution, as well as signal shot noise. The dependence of the contributions on pixel size and on total number of pixels involved in positioning is derived analytically. The analysis, when applied to the LTP II available at the ALS optical metrology laboratory, has shown that the main source for the random positioning error of the interference pattern is the read-out noise estimated to be similar to 0.2 mu rad. The photo-diode-array photo-response and pixel pitch non-uniformity determine the magnitude of the systematic positioning error and are found to be similar to 0.3 mu rad for each of the effects. Recommendations for an optimal fitting strategy, detector selection and calibration are provided. Following these recommendations will allow the reduction of the error of LTP interference pattern positioning to a level adequate for the slope measurement with 0.1-mu rad accuracy. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yashchuk, VV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6396-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6317 BP A3170 EP A3170 AR 63170A DI 10.1117/12.677956 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BFI15 UT WOS:000241972700009 ER PT S AU Yashchuk, VV Irick, SC MacDowell, AA McKinney, WR Takacs, PZ AF Yashchuk, Valeriy V. Irick, Steve C. MacDowell, Alastair A. McKinney, Wayne R. Takacs, Peter Z. BE Khounsary, AM Morawe, C TI Air convection noise of pencil-beam interferometer for long trace profiler - art. no. 63170D SO Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics, Components, and Applications SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics, Components and Applications CY AUG 14-16, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE pencil-beam interferometer; long trace profiler; air convection; laser beam; pointing stability; X-ray optics; optical metrology; error reduction ID ACCURACY; FIGURE AB In this work, we investigate the effect of air convection on laser-beam pointing noise essential for the long trace profiler (LTP). We describe this pointing error with noise power density (NPD) frequency distributions. It is shown that the NPD spectra due to air convection have a very characteristic form. In the range of frequencies from similar to 0.05 Hz to similar to 0.5 Hz, the spectra can be modeled with an inverse-power-law function. Depending on the intensity of air convection that is controlled with a resistive heater of 100 to 150 mW along a one-meter-long optical path, the power index lies between 2 and 3 at an overall rms noise of similar to 0.5 to 1 microradian. The efficiency of suppression of the convection noise by blowing air across the beam optical path is also discussed. Air-blowing leads to a white-noise-like spectrum. Air blowing was applied to the reference channel of an LTP allowing demonstration of the contribution of air convection noise to the LTP reference beam. The ability to change (with the blowing technique presented) the spectral characteristics of the beam pointing noise due to air convection allows one to investigate the contribution of the convection effect, and thus make corrections to the power spectral density spectra measured with the LTP. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yashchuk, VV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI MacDowell, Alastair/K-4211-2012 NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6396-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6317 BP D3170 EP D3170 AR 63170D DI 10.1117/12.681297 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BFI15 UT WOS:000241972700012 ER PT S AU Attenkofer, K Adams, BW AF Attenkofer, Klaus Adams, Bernhard W. BE Khounsary, AM Morawe, C TI Tunable highly efficient crystal Analyzer based on active optics SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS, COMPONENTS, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics, Components and Applications CY AUG 14-16, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE active optics; X-ray optics; X-ray fluorescence analysis; RIXS AB A crystal-optic x-ray fluorescence analyzer has been designed and tested, which combines the features of electron-Volt energy resolution, large solid angle coverage, and tunability over several thousand electron-Volts. Dependent on experimental requirements the crystal shape can be chosen within the elasticity limits of the crystal. This allows the use of the device not only for high resolution X-ray spectroscopy, but also for imaging purposes. We present the basic design, a self-alignment algorithm, and a basic discussion about the principal feasibilities and limitations of this concept. Additionally, first experimental results on ultra dilute systems and other applications will be presented. C1 [Attenkofer, Klaus; Adams, Bernhard W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Attenkofer, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-ENG-38] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under contract W-31-109-ENG-38. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6396-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2006 VL 6317 AR 63170R DI 10.1117/12.684942 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BFI15 UT WOS:000241972700022 ER PT S AU Khounsary, A Dufresne, EM Young, K Kewish, CM Jansen, AN AF Khounsary, Ali Dufresne, Eric M. Young, Kristina Kewish, Cameron M. Jansen, Andrew N. BE Khounsary, AM Morawe, C TI Beryllium and lithium X-ray lenses at the APS SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS, COMPONENTS, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics, Components and Applications CY AUG 14-16, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE focusing; X-ray lens; compound refractive lens; CRL; lithium; beryllium; gain ID COMPOUND LENSES; REFRACTIVE LENSES; OPTICS AB Compound refractive lenses (CRLs) are arrays of concave lenslets used to focus X-rays. For a given incident X-ray beam energy, the focal length of a CRL depends on the material and shape of the individual lenslets, and in particular is inversely related to the number of lenslets in the array. The throughput of a lens array is heavily affected by absorption of the X-rays in the lens. For this reason, it is necessary to employ low-atomic-number materials and fabricate the lenses as thin as possible, especially for low to moderate X-ray energy range (similar to 5-20 keV) photons. Lithium and beryllium are two of the best candidate materials for X-ray lenses due to their relatively high (real decrement) index of refraction and low X-ray absorption. Lithium is very malleable, however, and reacts strongly with moisture in the air, requiring a special fabrication environment and housing. Beryllium, on the other hand, is a solid metal and is easy to machine and handle. This paper summarizes the recent work at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) on parabolic lithium and cylindrical beryllium lenses. These lenses have been tested on APS X-ray beamlines. Their performance in terms of the focal size and gain is described and further improvements including tighter manufacturing tolerances and thinner lens walls are discussed. C1 [Khounsary, Ali; Dufresne, Eric M.; Young, Kristina; Kewish, Cameron M.; Jansen, Andrew N.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Khounsary, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Kewish, Cameron/H-5103-2011; Jansen, Andrew/Q-5912-2016 OI Kewish, Cameron/0000-0001-6242-7059; Jansen, Andrew/0000-0003-3244-7790 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-ENG-38] FX The authors wish to acknowledge contributions to this work made by, J.-I. Yum, L. Assoufid, Q. Jun, A. Macrander, J.Cremer, and N. Pereira. This work is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6396-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2006 VL 6317 AR 63170Q DI 10.1117/12.684350 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BFI15 UT WOS:000241972700021 ER PT S AU Kjornrattanawanich, B Windt, DL Uspenskii, YA Seely, JF AF Kjornrattanawanich, B. Windt, D. L. Uspenskii, Y. A. Seely, J. F. BE Khounsary, AM Morawe, C TI Optical constants determination of neodymium and gadolinium in the 3 nm to 100 nm wavelength range SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS, COMPONENTS, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics, Components and Applications CY AUG 14-16, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE optical constants; rare earth; Nd; Gd; multilayers; extreme ultraviolet; solar imager AB The optical constants (n, k) of the wavelength-dependent index of refraction N = n+ik = 1-delta+ik of Nd (Neodymium) and Gd (Gadolinium) are determined in the wavelength range of 3 nm to 100 nm by the transmittance method using synchrotron radiation. Nd and Gd films with thicknesses ranging from 5 nm to 180 nm were fabricated on Si photodiodes (which served as the coating substrates as well as the detectors) and capped with Si layers to protect these reactive rare earth elements from oxidation. The imaginary part (k) obtained directly from the transmittance measurement is used in the derivation of the real part (delta) of the complex index of refraction N through the Kramers-Kronig integral. The measured optical constants are used in the design of currently developed Nd- and Gd-based multilayers for solar imaging applications. Our results on Nd and Gd optical constants and the reflectance of some Nd- and Gd-based multilayers are presented. C1 [Kjornrattanawanich, B.; Windt, D. L.; Uspenskii, Y. A.; Seely, J. F.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Univ Space Res Assoc, Beamline X24C, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kjornrattanawanich, B (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Univ Space Res Assoc, Beamline X24C, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Uspenskii, Yurii/L-6205-2015 FU U. S. Office of the Naval Research; NASA FX This work was funded by the U. S. Office of the Naval Research and the grant from NASA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6396-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2006 VL 6317 AR 63170U DI 10.1117/12.681952 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BFI15 UT WOS:000241972700025 ER PT S AU Liu, C Conley, R Macrander, AT AF Liu, Chians Conley, R. Macrander, A. T. BE Khounsary, AM Morawe, C TI Film stress studies and the multilayer Laue lens project SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS, COMPONENTS, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics, Components and Applications CY AUG 14-16, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE thin films; multilayers; film stress; sputter deposition ID PROFILE COATINGS; THIN-FILMS AB A Multilayer Laue Lens (MLL) is a new type of linear zone plate, made by sectioning a planar depth-graded multilayer and used in Laue transmission diffraction geometry, for nanometer-scale focusing of hard x-rays. To produce an MLL, a depth-graded multilayer consisting of thousands of layers with a total thickness of tens of microns is needed. Additionally, the multilayer wafer has to be sectioned and polished to a thickness of similar to 10 to 25 microns to yield a diffracting grating to focus x-rays. The multilayers must have both low stress and good adhesion to survive the subsequent cutting and polishing processes, as well as sharp interfaces and accurate layer placement. Several partial MLLs using WSi2/Si multilayers with precise zone-plate structures have been successfully fabricated. A W/Si multilayer with the same structure, however, cracked and peeled off from the Si substrate after it was grown. Here we report results of our film stress studies of dc magnetron-sputtered WSi2, W, and Mo thin films and WS(i)2/Si, W/Si, and Mo/Si multilayers grown on Si(100) substrates. The stress measurements were carried out using a stylus profiler to measure the curvatures of 2-inch-diameter, 0.5-mm-thick Si(100) wafers before and after each coating. The physical origins of the stress and material properties of these systems will be discussed. C1 [Liu, Chians; Conley, R.; Macrander, A. T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Liu, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM cliu@aps.anl.gov RI Conley, Ray/C-2622-2013 FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-ENG-38] FX This work is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6396-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2006 VL 6317 AR 63170J DI 10.1117/12.687074 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BFI15 UT WOS:000241972700016 ER PT S AU MacDowell, A Fakra, S Morrison, G AF MacDowell, A. Fakra, S. Morrison, G. BE Khounsary, AM Morawe, C TI Thermal and mechanical joints to cryo-cooled silicon monochromator crystals SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS, COMPONENTS, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics, Components and Applications CY AUG 14-16, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE cryo-cooled monochromator; cry-cooled joints; cryo-mechanical joint AB We describe the performance of various materials used as the thermal interface between silicon to silicon and silicon to copper joints when operated at similar to 120K and loaded with similar to 20 watts of thermal power. We find that only the indium based silicon-to-silicon joint is reliable. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP MacDowell, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI MacDowell, Alastair/K-4211-2012 FU Office of Energy Research, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX We thank A.M.Khounsary for useful discussions and encouragement to publish the list of failure results of this work. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6396-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2006 VL 6317 AR 63171F DI 10.1117/12.697083 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BFI15 UT WOS:000241972700041 ER PT S AU Narayanan, S Shu, DM Sandy, A Sprung, M Preissner, C Sullivan, J AF Narayanan, Suresh Shu, Deming Sandy, Alec Sprung, Michael Preissner, Curt Sullivan, Joseph BE Khounsary, AM Morawe, C TI Design and characterization of an UHV compatible artificial channel cut monochromator SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS, COMPONENTS, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics, Components and Applications CY AUG 14-16, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE x-ray optics; synchrotron radiation; x-ray monochromator; coherent x-ray scattering AB We present design and characterization results of a novel ultra-high-vacuum-compatible artificial channel-cut monochromator that has been installed at the undulator beamline 8-ID-I at the Advanced Photon Source. The monochromator has been designed to meet the challenging stability and optical requirements of the x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy program hosted at this beamline. In particular, the device incorporates a novel in-vacuum sine-bar drive mechanism for the combined pitch motion of the two crystals and a flexure-based high-stiffness weak-link mechanism for fine tuning the pitch and roll of the second crystal relative to the first crystal. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Narayanan, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-ENG-38] FX A significant portion of the construction costs of the monochromator was provided by an APS X-Ray Operations and Research Beamline Competition Award that we gratefully acknowledge. We appreciate the expert technical assistance of R. Ranay, D. Nocher, M. Muscia and H. Gibson. We are thankful to Nadir Nimrod of Nanomotion, Aaron Dietrich and Evan Reed of ACS-Tech80 and Bryan Sheldon of Minarik Automation for technical support with the motion and control system. Use of the APS was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6396-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2006 VL 6317 AR 63171D DI 10.1117/12.690296 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BFI15 UT WOS:000241972700039 ER PT S AU Tommasini, R Koch, JA Izumi, N Welser, LA Mancini, RC Delettrez, J Regan, SP Smalyuk, V AF Tommasini, Riccardo Koch, Jeffrey A. Izumi, Nobuhiko Welser, Leslie A. Mancini, Roberto C. Delettrez, Jacques Regan, Sean P. Smalyuk, Vladimir BE Khounsary, AM Morawe, C TI Narrow-band X-ray imaging for core temperature and density maps retrieval of direct drive implosions SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS, COMPONENTS, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics, Components and Applications CY AUG 14-16, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE AB We present recent results using multi-monochromatic X-ray imaging of direct drive implosions at the OMEGA laser facility. An array of pinholes coupled to a flat multilayer mirror provides multi-spectral images distributed over a wide spectral range. Using Argon as a dopant in the DD-filled plastic shells produces emission images in the Ar He-beta and Ly-beta spectral regions. When used in conjunction with gated imaging detectors the instrument provides images with spatial resolution of similar to 10 mu m and temporal resolution of similar to 50ps. A special algorithm has been developed to reconstruct narrow-band images, which will allow the retrieval of temperature, and density maps of the core as it evolves through peak compression. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Tommasini, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM tommasini2@llnl.gov RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565 FU DOE-NLUF [DE-FG52-2005NA26012]; [W-7405-Eng-48] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract W-7405-Eng-48, and DOE-NLUF Grant No. DE-FG52-2005NA26012 to the University of Nevada, Reno. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6396-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2006 VL 6317 AR 631716 DI 10.1117/12.681271 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BFI15 UT WOS:000241972700034 ER PT S AU Scholes, GD Fleming, GR AF Scholes, Gregory D. Fleming, Graham R. BE Berry, RS Jortner, J TI ENERGY TRANSFER AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC LIGHT HARVESTING SO ADVENTURES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS SE Advances in Chemical Physics LA English DT Review ID PIGMENT-PROTEIN COMPLEXES; ECHO PEAK SHIFT; ELECTRONIC POPULATION ANALYSIS; BACTERIAL REACTION CENTERS; RAMAN EXCITATION PROFILES; B800-850 ANTENNA COMPLEX; MOLECULAR WAVE FUNCTIONS; SINGLET EXCITED-STATES; CHARGE-TRANSFER STATE; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES C1 [Scholes, Gregory D.] Univ Toronto, Lash Miller Chem Labs, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. [Fleming, Graham R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fleming, Graham R.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Scholes, GD (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Lash Miller Chem Labs, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. FU Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX The work at Berkeley was supported in its entirety by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC03-76SF00098. We are grateful to Dr. Mary Gress for her support of our work. The ideas and results described here represent contributions from many colleagues and co-workers. Our debt to the following people is great: Brent Krueger, Peter Walla, Chao-Ping (Cherri) Hsu, Jenny Yom, Xanthipe Jordanides, Ana Damjanovic, Harsha Vaswani, Nancy Holt, Ying-Zhong Ma, Patricia Linden, John Kennis, Ritesh Agarwal, Bradley Prall, Abbas Rizvi, Mino Yang, Martin Head-Gordon, Petra Fromme, Krishna Niyogi, and Jeffrey Reimers. NR 162 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 26 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 3RD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 0065-2385 BN 978-0-471-73842-8 J9 ADV CHEM PHYS JI Adv. Chem. Phys. PY 2006 VL 132 BP 57 EP + PG 85 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BJK13 UT WOS:000266621500002 ER PT J AU Eatough, DJ Anderson, RR Martello, DV Modey, WK Mangelson, NE AF Eatough, Delbert J. Anderson, Richard R. Martello, Donald V. Modey, William K. Mangelson, Nolan E. TI Apportionment of ambient primary and secondary PM2.5 during a 2001 summer intensive study at the NETL Pittsburgh site using PMF2 and EPA UNMIX SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Particulate Matter Supersites Program and Related Studies CY FEB, 2005 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Assoc Aerosol Res, US EPA ID PARTICULATE ORGANIC MATERIAL; FACTOR-ANALYTIC MODELS; SAMPLING SYSTEM; AEROSOL; PARTICLES; CARBON; BOSS AB Apportionment of primary and secondary pollutants during a July 2001 intensive study at the National Energy Technology Laboratory is reported. PM2.5 was apportioned into primary and secondary contributions using PMF2, and results were compared with apportionment based on UNMIX 2.3. Input to PMF2 included PM2.5 mass data from four per 24 hour PC-BOSS filters and TEOM, NOx, NO2, O-3, non-volatile, semi-volatile, and volatile organic material, elemental carbon, sulfate, and PIXE determined trace metals. Nine factors were identified in the PMF analysis. Six factors were associated with primary particles from crustal, mobile (gasoline and diesel), and three local sources high in trace metals. Three factors were associated with secondary sources. Two were associated with local emissions dominated by organic material, one was dominated by transported ammonium sulfate. UNMIX was able to identify the two major mobile sources, major local secondary source and transported secondary source. The three major sources of PM2.5 were identified as secondary transported material (dominated by ammonium sulfate) from west and southwest (46%), secondary material formed during mid-day photochemical processes (21%), and primary emissions from diesel (10%) and gasoline (8%) mobile sources. The other five sources accounted for the remaining 15% of the PM2.5. These findings are consistent with the majority of secondary ammonium sulfate in the Pittsburgh area resulting from distant transport, and so decoupled from local activity involving organic pollutants in the metropolitan area. In contrast, the major local secondary sources were dominated by organic material. C1 Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA. US DOE, Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL USA. RP Eatough, DJ (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, C100 Benson Sci Bldg, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM delbert_eatough@byu.edu NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 2006 VL 40 IS 10 BP 925 EP 940 DI 10.1080/02786820600796616 PG 16 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 076JT UT WOS:000239954300017 ER PT B AU De Vries, WH Becker, RH AF De Vries, Wim H. Becker, Robert H. BE Gaskell, CM McHardy, IM Peterson, BM Sergeev, SG TI Long-term optical quasar variability SO AGN VARIABILITY FROM X-RAYS TO RADIO WAVES SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Acative Galactic Nuclei Variability from X-rays to Radio Waves CY JUN 14-16, 2004 CL Crimean Astrophys Observ, Crimea, UKRAINE HO Crimean Astrophys Observ ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS; SKY SURVEY; ACCRETION; MODELS AB We have used a large sample of 41,391 spectroscopically confirmed quasars, taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 2 (DR2) and from the 2dF QSO Redshift Survey, to investigate the long term optical variability of quasars. The recent DR2 photometric information for the quasars can be combined with re-calibrated archival survey data to extend the variability time baseline towards similar to 50 years. Based on structure function analysis, we conclude that quasar variability is intrinsic to the AGNs, and is caused by chromatic outbursts / flares with a limited luminosity range and varying time-scales, which have an asymmetric overall light-curve shape. Currently the model that has the most promise of fitting the observations is based on accretion-disk instabilities. C1 [De Vries, Wim H.; Becker, Robert H.] Univ Calif Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [De Vries, Wim H.; Becker, Robert H.] Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP De Vries, WH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI White, Richard/A-8143-2012 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-583812-28-0 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2006 VL 360 BP 29 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BGF83 UT WOS:000246502800005 ER PT J AU Metcalfe, G Rudman, M Brydon, A Graham, LJW Hamilton, R AF Metcalfe, G Rudman, M Brydon, A Graham, LJW Hamilton, R TI Composing chaos: An experimental and numerical study of an open duct mixing flow SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE mixing; dispersion; viscous; non-Newtonian; chaos ID FINITE-ELEMENT SIMULATION; STATIC MIXER; ECCENTRIC CYLINDERS; 3-DIMENSIONAL FLOW; HEAT-TRANSFER; STOKES FLOWS; LAMINAR-FLOW; ADVECTION; DESIGN; ENHANCEMENT AB By using a programmed sequence of boundary motions to introduce flow reorientation to a steady, laminar axial flow in an open duct, we develop a novel device to investigate and exploit chaotic advection of viscously dominated (low Reynolds number) flows. The design and operation of the Rotated Arc Mixer (RAM) is discussed. Among other things, the RAM can effect good continuous mixing of viscous materials without use of any internal elements; moreover, the RAM has several control parameters to tune the chaotic advection, making it flexible for applications and theoretical developments. Numerical methods to discover the robust parameter regions where chaos covers the entire flow domain, and how these parameters change with fluid properties is also discussed. Poincare sections, dye advection and residence time calculations are presented for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. Experiments, including advection field, velocity field and residence-time measurements, confirm all aspects of the device for Newtonian fluids. (c) 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 52: 9-28, 2006. C1 CSIRO, Highett, Vic 3190, Australia. RP Metcalfe, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM guy.metcalfe@csiro.au RI Metcalfe, Guy/C-1332-2008; Rudman, Murray/C-6737-2008; Whitford, Linda/C-2470-2009; Graham, Lachlan/G-3926-2012 OI Metcalfe, Guy/0000-0003-4679-8663; Rudman, Murray/0000-0002-5649-4180; NR 61 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 52 IS 1 BP 9 EP 28 DI 10.1002/aic.10640 PG 20 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 995LX UT WOS:000234102900002 ER PT S AU Dubbert, DF Sweet, AD Sloan, GR Doerry, AW AF Dubbert, Dale F. Sweet, April D. Sloan, George R. Doerry, Armin W. BE Henry, DJ TI Results of the sub-thirty-pound, high resolution "miniSAR" demonstration - art. no. 62090C SO Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) Systems and Applications III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) Systems and Applications III CY APR 19-20, 2006 CL Kissimmee, FL SP SPIE DE SAR; miniaturized radar; UAV sensors; image AB Sandia-developed SAR systems are well known for their real-time, high quality, high resolution imagery. One such system, the General Atomics Lynx radar, has been successfully demonstrated on medium-payload UAVs, including the Predator and Fire Scout. Previously, Sandia reported on its system concept and roadmap for SAR miniaturization, including details of the miniSAR program. This paper and its companions provide an update for miniSAR and discuss the results of the successful May 2005 demonstration of the 26 pound, 4-inch resolution system. Accordingly, the miniSAR system and software implementation and performance are reviewed. Additionally, future plans for miniSAR and the Sandia SAR/GMTI miniaturization efforts are discussed, such as the currently planned miniSAR demonstration onboard a small-payload UAV. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dubbert, DF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6265-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6209 BP C2090 EP C2090 AR 62090C DI 10.1117/12.666727 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BES15 UT WOS:000239241600011 ER PT S AU Theiler, J Glocer, K AF Theiler, James Glocer, Karen BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI Sparse linear filters for detection and classification in hyperspectral imagery - art. no. 62330H SO Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XII Pts 1 and 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XII CY APR 17-20, 2006 CL Kissimmee, FL DE matched filter; hyperspectral imagery; adaptive signal detection ID BAND SELECTION; FEATURE-EXTRACTION; BOUND ALGORITHM; SYSTEMS; BRANCH; REGRESSION AB We investigate the use of convex optimization to identify sparse linear filters in hyperspectral. imagery. A linear filter is sparse if a large fraction of its coefficients are zero. A sparse linear filter can be advantageous because it only needs to access a subset of the available spectral channels, and it can be applied to high-dimensional data more cheaply than a standard linear detector. Finding good sparse filters is nontrivial because there is a combinatorially large number of discrete possibilities from which to choose the optimal subset of nonzero coefficients. But, by converting the optimality criterion into a convex loss function, and by employing an L1 penalty, one can obtain sparse solutions that are globally optimal. We investigate the performance of these sparse filters as a function of their sparsity, and compare the convex optimization approach with more traditional alternatives for feature selection. The methodology is applied both to the adaptive matched filter for weak signal detection, and to the Fisher linear discriminant for terrain categorization. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Theiler, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6289-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6233 BP H2330 EP H2330 AR 62330H DI 10.1117/12.665994 PN 1&2 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BES78 UT WOS:000239353500017 ER PT S AU Quick, CR Petrin, RR AF Quick, C. R. Petrin, R. R. BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI MWIR plume radiance phenomenology technical note SO Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XII Pts 1 and 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XII CY APR 17-20, 2006 CL Kissimmee, FL AB Gaseous plume detection in the LWIR (thermal infrared) region of the spectrum (7-14 mu m) with the use of hyper-spectral imaging sensors is a rapidly advancing technology.(1-2) There are many industrial pollutants that have unique or strong absorption/emission signatures in the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) region of the spectrum. The C-H vibrational frequency modes of hydrocarbons are clustered in the 3-4 mu m region. Until recently the use of the MWIR region has been hampered, in part, by a lack of detailed and quantitative characterization of the phenomenology influencing the at-sensor radiance.(3) The goal of this paper is to increase understanding of this phenomenology and thus the utility of the MWIR spectral region for industrial pollution monitoring applications. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Quick, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6289-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6233 BP U589 EP U603 PN 1&2 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BES78 UT WOS:000239353500057 ER PT S AU Theiler, J Foy, BR Fraser, AM AF Theiler, James Foy, Bernard R. Fraser, Andrew M. BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI Nonlinear signal contamination effects for gaseous plume detection in hyperspectral imagery SO Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XII Pts 1 and 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XII CY APR 17-20, 2006 CL Kissimmee, FL DE matched filter; hyperspectral imagery; adaptive signal detection; clutter; signal contamination AB When a matched filter is used for detecting a weak target in a cluttered background (such as a gaseous plume in a hyperspectral image), it is important that the background clutter be well-characterized. A statistical characterization can be obtained from the off-plume pixels of a hyperspectral image, but if on-plume pixels are inadvertently included, then that background characterization will be contaminated. In broad area search scenarios, where detection is the central aim, it is by definition unknown which pixels in the scene are on-plume, so some contamination is inevitable. In general, the contaminated background degrades the ability of the matched-filter to detect that signal. This could be a practical problem in plume detection. A linear analysis suggests that the effect is limited, and actually vanishes in some cases. In this study, we take into account the Beer's Law nonlinearity of plume absorption, and we investigate the effect of that nonlinearity on the signal contamination. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Theiler, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6289-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6233 BP U668 EP U679 PN 1&2 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BES78 UT WOS:000239353500064 ER PT S AU Smartt, HA Tyo, JS AF Smartt, Heidi A. Tyo, J. Scott BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI Classification of hyperspectral spatial/spectral patterns using Gauss-Markov random fields SO ALGORITHMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY XII PTS 1 AND 2 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XII CY APR 17-20, 2006 CL Kissimmee, FL DE hyperspectral classification; Gauss-Markov random fields; hyperspectral texture ID IMAGERY AB Hyperspectral imaging sensors capture digital images in hundreds of contiguous spectral bands, allowing remote material identification. Most algorithms for identifying materials characterize the materials according to spectral information only, ignoring potentially valuable spatial relationships. This paper investigates the use of integrated spatial and spectral information for characterizing materials. It examines the specific situation where a set of pixels has resolution such that it contains spatial patterns of mixed pixels. An autoregressive Gauss-Markov random field (GMRF) is used to model the predictability of a target pixel from neighboring pixels. At the resolution of interest, the GMRF model can successfully classify spatial patterns of aircraft and a residential area from the HYDICE airborne sensor Desert Radiance field collection at Davis Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Smartt, HA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800 MSO404, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM hasmart@sandia.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6289-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2006 VL 6233 AR 62330I DI 10.1117/12.666041 PN 1&2 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BES78 UT WOS:000239353500018 ER PT S AU Jakowatz, CV Doren, N AF Jakowatz, Charles V., Jr. Doren, Neall BE Zelnio, EG Garber, FD TI Comparison of polar formatting and back-projection algorithms for spotlight-mode SAR image formation - art. no. 62370H SO Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery XIII CY APR 17-20, 2006 CL Kissimmee, FL SP SPIE DE SAR image formation; spotlight-mode SAR; polar formatting algorithm; PFA; convolution/back-projection algorithm; CBP AB The convolution/back-projection (CBP) algorithm has recently once again been touted as the "gold standard" for spotlight-mode SAR image formation, as it is proclaimed to achieve better image quality than the well-known and often employed polar formatting algorithm (PFA)(1). In addition, it has been suggested that PFA is less flexible than CBP in that PFA can only compute the SAR image on one grid and PFA cannot add or subtract pulses from the imaging process. The argument for CBP acknowledges the computational burden of CBP compared to PFA, but asserts that the increased image accuracy and flexibility of the formation process is warranted, at least in some imaging scenarios. Because CBP can now be sped up by the proper algorithm design, it becomes, according to this line of analysis, the clear algorithm of choice for SAR image formation. In this paper we reject the above conclusion by showing that PFA and CBP achieve the same image quality, and that PFA has complete flexibility, including choice of imaging plane, size of illuminated beam area to be imaged, resolution of the image, and others. We demonstrate these claims via formation of both simulated and real SAR imagery using both algorithms. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Jakowatz, CV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800 MS 1207, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6293-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6237 BP H2370 EP H2370 AR 62370H DI 10.1117/12.673249 PG 7 WC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BEX14 UT WOS:000239925300015 ER PT S AU Jakowatz, CV Wahl, DE AF Jakowatz, Charles V., Jr. Wahl, Daniel E. BE Zelnio, EG Garber, FD TI Correction of propagation-induced defocus effects in certain spotlight-mode SAR collections - art. no. 62370I SO Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery XIII CY APR 17-20, 2006 CL Kissimmee, FL SP SPIE DE SAR autofocus; spotlight-mode SAR; phase gradient autofocus (PGA); propagation effects; atmospheric turbulence; Kolmogorov turbulence model AB While the chief cause of defocus in airborne spotlight-mode imagery is uncompensated errors in the measurement of the aircraft position as it traverses the synthetic aperture, another physical phenomenon can cause blurring in the formed SAR image as well. This is the injection of phase errors into the collected SAR phase history data by random fluctuations in the index of refraction as the microwave pulses propagate through an atmosphere that contains irregularities in the tropospheric water vapor distribution. In this paper, we show that in SAR imagery collected under certain conditions, these phase errors can be detected and corrected using a robust autofocus algorithm such as Phase Gradient Autofocus (PGA). The phase errors are confirmed as having been propagation-induced by demonstrating that they exhibit a power-law spectrum described by Tatarski, based on the turbulence model of Kolmogorov. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Jakowatz, CV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800 MS 1207, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6293-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6237 BP I2370 EP I2370 AR 62370I DI 10.1117/12.673302 PG 6 WC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BEX14 UT WOS:000239925300016 ER PT S AU Darling, AE Treangen, TJ Zhang, LX Kuiken, C Messeguer, X Perna, NT AF Darling, Aaron E. Treangen, Todd J. Zhang, Louxin Kuiken, Carla Messeguer, Xavier Perna, Nicole T. BE Bucher, P Moret, BME TI Procrastination leads to efficient filtration for local multiple alignment SO ALGORITHMS IN BIOINFORMATICS, PROCEEDINGS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2006) CY SEP 11-13, 2006 CL Zurich, SWITZERLAND SP Int Soc Computat Biol, European Assoc Theoret Comp Sci, Eidgenoss Tech Hochschule Zurich ID HOMOLOGY SEARCH; SEQUENCE; ELEMENTS; DATABASE; GENOMES; SEEDS AB We describe an efficient local multiple alignment filtration heuristic for identification of conserved regions in one or more DNA sequences. The method incorporates several novel ideas: (1) palindromic spaced seed patterns to match both DNA strands simultaneously, (2) seed extension (chaining) in order of decreasing multiplicity, and (3) procrastination when low multiplicity matches are encountered. The resulting local multiple alignments may have nucleotide substitutions and internal gaps as large as w characters in any occurrence of the motif. The algorithm consumes O(wN) memory and O(wN log wN) time where N is the sequence length. We score the significance of multiple alignments using entropy-based motif scoring methods. We demonstrate the performance of our filtration method on Alu-repeat rich segments of the human genome and a large set of Hepatitis C virus genomes. The GPL implementation of our algorithm in C++ is called procrastAligner and is freely available from http://gel.ahabs.wisc.edu/procrastination C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Comp Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Tech Univ Catalonia, Dept Comp Sci, Barcelona, Spain. Univ Wisconsin, Genome Ctr, Dept Anim Hlth & Biomed Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Math, Singapore 117548, Singapore. Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Math, Los Alamos, NM USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, T10 Theoret Biol Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Darling, AE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Comp Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM darling@cs.wisc.edu; treangen@lsi.upc.edu RI Zhang, Louxin /M-4865-2016 OI Zhang, Louxin /0000-0003-0260-824X NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-39583-0 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 4175 BP 126 EP 137 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Computer Science GA BFI95 UT WOS:000242125600012 ER PT S AU Durbin, TL Sanders, TH AF Durbin, Tracie L. Sanders, Thomas H., Jr. BE Poole, WJ Wells, MA Lloyd, DJ TI Modeling dissolution in aluminum alloys using a sharp-interface front-tracking method SO ALUMINIUM ALLOYS 2006, PTS 1 AND 2: RESEARCH THROUGH INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY SE MATERIALS SCIENCE FORUM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Aliminium Alloys (ICAA-10) CY JUL 09-13, 2006 CL Vancouver, CANADA DE dissolution; modeling; front-tracking; sharp-interface; multi-component aluminum alloy ID KINETICS AB Aluminum alloy microstructures are highly segregated upon solidification. The alloy may then be exposed to various thermal and mechanical treatments to homogenize the microstructure. Microstructure development is highly dependent on all of the processing steps the alloy experiences. Ultimately, the macroscopic properties of the alloy depend strongly on the microstructure. Therefore, a quantitative understanding of the microstructural changes that occur during thermal and mechanical processing is fundamental to predicting alloy properties. In particular, the microstructure becomes more homogeneous and secondary phases are dissolved during thermal treatments. Robust physical models for the kinetics of particle dissolution are necessary to predict the most efficient thermal treatment. The dissolution of these soluble phases and diffusion of solute out into the aluminum matrix is important to the final strength of the alloy. A new algorithm has recently been developed [1] for solving secondary phase dissolution in aluminum alloys. Dissolution is treated as a diffusion-limited moving-boundary phase-change problem. The immersed-boundary front-tracking method of Juric and Shin [2] has been altered to incorporate some aspects of the ghost-fluid method. This new algorithm, termed the "sharp-interface" method is applied to dissolution of secondary phases in dilute multi-component aluminum alloys in one and two dimensions. The sharp-interface method is shown to agree well with the dissolution behavior of precipitates in aluminum alloys when compared to published experimental results. Additionally, the sharp-interface method is shown to perform better than similar models found in the literature. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Durbin, TL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0902, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM tldurbi@sandia.gov; tom.sanders@mse.gatech.edu NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI ZURICH-UETIKON PA BRANDRAIN 6, CH-8707 ZURICH-UETIKON, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 0-87849-408-1 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2006 VL 519-521 BP 1429 EP 1434 PN 1-2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BEZ41 UT WOS:000240309000227 ER PT J AU Lajeunesse, SD Dilustro, JJ Sharitz, RR Collins, BS AF Lajeunesse, SD Dilustro, JJ Sharitz, RR Collins, BS TI Ground layer carbon and nitrogen cycling and legume nitrogen inputs following fire in mixed pine forests SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE fire frequency; ground layer biomass; herbaceous legumes; mixed pine forests; nitrogen; soil texture ID ACETYLENE-REDUCTION ASSAY; NATIVE HERBACEOUS LEGUMES; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; LONGLEAF PINE; WIREGRASS SAVANNAS; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; VEGETATION; NUTRIENT; MINERALIZATION AB Many mixed pine forests in the southeastern United States undergo prescribed burning to promote open pine savannas. In these systems, soil texture can influence fire's effect on vegetation and nutrient cycling. Our objectives were to examine fire and soil texture effects on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools in ground layer vegetation. We measured biomass and tissue nutrient concentrations and estimated legume N inputs via N-2 fixation in frequently burned sandy and clayey sites that were in the first and second seasons following a prescribed fire in 2002 (B02) or had been unburned since 2000 (BOO). Mean belowground biomass was significantly greater on sandy than on clayey sites. Total aboveground mean biomass did not differ significantly between BOO and B02 sites, but grasses had greater aboveground biomass in clayey than in sandy sites. Carbon and N pools (measured in grams per square meter) in grasses were greater in clayey than in sandy sites, yet grasses had greater tissue concentrations of C (as a percentage) in sandy sites. Legumes showed significant interaction effects between soil texture and fire frequency for tissue C and N pools, above- and belowground biomass, and acetylene reduction activities. Results suggest that soil texture can influence fire effects on ground layer vegetation in southeastern mixed pine forests. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Sharitz, RR (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM sharitz@srel.edu NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 11 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 93 IS 1 BP 84 EP 93 DI 10.3732/ajb.93.1.84 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 002BJ UT WOS:000234586100008 ER PT J AU Chowell, G Rivas, AL Smith, SD Hyman, JM AF Chowell, G Rivas, AL Smith, SD Hyman, JM TI Identification of case clusters and counties with high infective connectivity in the 2001 epidemic of foot-and-mouth disease in Uruguay SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; GREAT-BRITAIN; LANDSCAPE; SPREAD; ASSOCIATION; DISPERSAL; PATTERNS; MODEL; UK AB Objective-To evaluate the influence of individual spatial units (ie, counties) on the epidemic spread of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus. Sample Population-163 counties in Uruguay where there was an outbreak of FMD between April 23 and July 11, 2001. Procedure-A geographically referenced database was created, and the distance between counties (13,203 county pairs), road density of counties (163 counties), and time when cases were reported in those counties (11 weeks of the epidemic) were considered to assess global spatial and spatial-temporal autocorrelation, determine the contribution of links connecting pairs of counties with infected animals, and allow us to hypothesize the influence for spread during the epidemic for counties with greater than the mean infective link contributions. Results-Case clusters were indicated by the Moran / and Mantel tests during the first 6 weeks of the epidemic. Spatial lags between pairs of counties with infected animals revealed case clustering before and after vaccination was implemented. Temporal lags predicted autocorrelation for up to 3 weeks. Link indices identified counties expected to facilitate epidemic spread. If control measures had been implemented in counties with a high index link (identifiable as early as week 1 of the epidemic); they could have prevented (by week 11 of the epidemic) at least 2.5 times as many cases per square kilometer than the same measures implemented in counties with average link indices. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Analysis of spatial autocorrelation and infective link indices may identify network conditions that facilitate (or prevent) disease spread. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Biol Stat & Computat Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Cornell Univ, Inst Resource Informat Syst, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rivas, AL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Biol Stat & Computat Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Chowell, Gerardo/A-4397-2008; Chowell, Gerardo/F-5038-2012 OI Chowell, Gerardo/0000-0003-2194-2251 NR 43 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 67 IS 1 BP 102 EP 113 DI 10.2460/ajvr.67.1.102 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 002AY UT WOS:000234585000015 PM 16426219 ER PT J AU Seaman, SJ Dyar, MD Marinkovic, N Dunbar, NW AF Seaman, SJ Dyar, MD Marinkovic, N Dunbar, NW TI An FTIR study of hydrogen in anorthoclase and associated melt inclusions SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE water; FTIR spectroscopy; anorthoclase; Mt. Erebus ID NATURAL QUARTZ CRYSTALS; BASALTIC GLASSES; MOLAR ABSORPTIVITIES; RHYOLITIC GLASSES; WATER CONTENTS; H2O; DIFFUSION; VOLCANO; OH; PLAGIOCLASE AB High-resolution Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been used to document the presence of hydrogen, to estimate its concentration, and to document its oxygen speciation in anortho-clase crystals and associated melt inclusions from Mount Erebus, Antarctica. Synchrotron-generated infrared radiation, 100 to 1000 times brighter than globar-generated infrared radiation, permits rapid collection of maps that depict relative intensities of a chosen FTIR band across the mapped area. Spectra and/or compositional maps showing variations in water concentration were collected from anorthoclase megacrysts and melt inclusions in the megacrysts. Studies of anorthoclase megacrysts involved collection of spectra from three mutually perpendicular sections cut from the crystals. FTIR spectra of anorthoclase crystals are characterized by a broad absorption band at approximately 3200 cm(-1) in the mid-IR range. The universal mass absorption coefficient for mid-IR range feldspar spectra, established by Johnson and Rossman (2003), was used for quantitative estimates of water concentrations in the feldspar crystals based on integrated area under the 3200 cm(-1) band. Water concentration in the anorthoclase sample was approximately 126 ppm, with an overall error of approximately +/- 30%. FTIR spectra of melt inclusions are characterized by a broad asymmetric absorption band at similar to 3550 cm(-1) that was used to calculate total water concentration. The absence of a band at 1630 cm-(1) suggests that water in the melt inclusions occurs as OH- rather than as molecular H2O. Absorption coefficients established by Mandeville et al. (2002) for H species in glass were used to calculate water concentrations in the melt inclusions. Melt inclusions in the Mt. Erebus anorthoclase have water concentrations ranging from 0.12 to 0.39 wt%, with an overall error of approximately 15%. The ratio of water in anorthoclase crystals to water in the melt from which the crystals formed, based on this study, and at these low melt water Concentrations, is approximately 1: 10. However, water concentration varies significantly from one melt inclusion to another, possibly suggesting initial melt water heterogeneity. Maps of water concentration show that variations in water concentration within melt inclusions are associated with fractures that cut the melt inclusions and in some cases do not extend out into surrounding crystals or into crystal inclusions. Thin (similar to 50 mu m thick) zones of elevated water concentrations on the boundaries of the crystals in contact with melt inclusions suggest that water has diffused into the crystals from the melt inclusions. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. Mt Holyoke Coll, Dept Earth & Environm, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Seaman, SJ (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. EM sjs@geo.umass.edu RI Marinkovic, Nebojsa/A-1137-2016 OI Marinkovic, Nebojsa/0000-0003-3579-3453 NR 49 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 12 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 EIGHTEENTH ST, NW SUITE 601, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 91 IS 1 BP 12 EP 20 DI 10.2138/am.2006.1765 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 001IX UT WOS:000234527900002 ER PT J AU Icenhower, JP Strachan, DM McGrail, BP Scheele, RA Rodriguez, EA Steele, JL Legore, VL AF Icenhower, JP Strachan, DM McGrail, BP Scheele, RA Rodriguez, EA Steele, JL Legore, VL TI Dissolution kinetics of pyrochlore ceramics for the disposition of plutonium SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE crystal structure; radiation damage; kinetics; dissolution rate; phase transition; amorphization; XRD data ID PU DISPOSITION; ZIRCONOLITE; SOLUBILITY; SYNROC; DAMAGE; WASTE; DURABILITY; TITANATES; MINERALS; PHASES AB Single-pass flow-through (SPFT) experiments were conducted on a set of non-radioactive Ti-based ceramics at 90 degrees C and pH = 2 to 12. The specimens contained 27.9 to 35.8 wt% CeO2 as a surrogate for UO2 and PuO2. Compositions were formulated as TiO2-saturated pyrochlore (CeP1) and pyrochlore-rich baseline (CePB 1) ceramic waste forms. Pyrochlore + Hf-rutile and pyrochlore + perovskite + Hf-rutile constituted the major phases in the CeP1 and CePB1 ceramics, respectively. Results from dissolution experiments between pH = 2 to 12 indicate a shallow pH-dependence with an ill-defined minimum. Element release rates determined from experiments over a range of sample surface areas (S) and flow rates (q) indicate that dissolution rates become independent of q/S values at 10(-8) to 10(-7) m/s Dissolution rates dropped sharply at lower values of q/S, indicating rates that are subject to solution saturation effects as dissolved constituents become concentrated. Forward dissolution rates were 1.3(0.30) x 10(-3) and 5.5(1.3) x 10(-3) g/m(2.)d for CeP1 and CePB1 ceramics, respectively. Dissolution rates obtained in other laboratories compare well to the findings of this study, once the rate data are placed in the context of solution saturation state. These results make progress toward an evaluation of CeO2 as a surrogate for UO2 and PuO2 as well as establishing a baseline for comparison with radiation-damaged specimens. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Icenhower, JP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999 K6-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM denis.strachan@pnl.gov RI Icenhower, Jonathan/E-8523-2011 NR 49 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 17 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 EIGHTEENTH ST, NW SUITE 601, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 91 IS 1 BP 39 EP 53 DI 10.2138/am.2006.1709 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 001IX UT WOS:000234527900006 ER PT J AU Wellman, DM Icenhower, JP Gamerdinger, AP Forrester, SW AF Wellman, DM Icenhower, JP Gamerdinger, AP Forrester, SW TI Effects of pH, temperature, and aqueous organic material on the dissolution kinetics of meta-autunite minerals, (Na, Ca)(2-1)[(UO2)(PO4)](2)center dot 3H(2)O SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE autunite; dissolution; kinetics; uranium; organic material ID GIBBS FREE-ENERGIES; URANYL PHOSPHATES; URANIUM-COMPOUNDS; SOILS; THERMOCHEMISTRY; THERMODYNAMICS; ENTHALPIES; SOLUBILITY; SPECIATION; COMPLEXES AB Autunite-group minerals have been frequently identified in contaminated sediments as the long-term controlling phase of U. Under these conditions, the mobility of U in subsurface pore waters is limited by the rate of dissolution of autunite and meta-autunite group minerals, X-3-n((n)*) [(UO2)(PO4)](2)center dot xH(2)O, where X = Ca or Na. Single-pass flow-through (SPFT) tests were conducted to quantify the dissolution kinetics of natural Ca meta-autumite, Ca[(UO2)(PO4)](2)center dot 3H(2)O, and synthetic Na meta-autunite, Na-2[(UO2)(PO4)](2)center dot 3H(2)O, as a function of pH (7-10) and temperature (5-70 degrees C) in the presence and absence of aqueous organic material. The data indicate that release of U and P are non-stoichiometric over the range of experimental conditions investigated. In a 0.1 MNH4OH buffer solution, acquisition of valid dissolution rate data was limited by uramphite solubility, NH4[(UO2)(PO4)](2)center dot xH(2)O. Dissolution rates obtained in a 0.01 M TRIS [tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane] buffered solution increased by a factor of similar to 100x over the pH interval of 7 to 10 (eta = 0.90 +/- 0.08), irrespective of temperature. At constant pH the rate data showed a minor increase with temperature. Data from experiments using a more concentrated 0.05 M TRIS buffer exhibited a similar to 35-fold increase in rates compared to those in a 0.01 M TRIS buffer at constant temperature and pH. The difference in release rate between interlayer cation (Na+ or Ca2+) and U is similar to 10000 in neutral solutions; however, the difference diminishes to similar to 10 at higher pH values. The combination of structural dissolution and ion exchange explain these trends in interlayer cation behavior. Data presented here illustrate the significance of pH and dissolved organic material on the dissolution of autunite minerals. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Geol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Wellman, DM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dawn.wellman@pnl.gov RI Icenhower, Jonathan/E-8523-2011 NR 46 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 13 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 EIGHTEENTH ST, NW SUITE 601, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 91 IS 1 BP 143 EP 158 DI 10.2138/am.2006.1807 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 001IX UT WOS:000234527900019 ER PT J AU Wang, J Liu, GD Lin, YH AF Wang, J Liu, GD Lin, YH TI Amperometric choline biosensor fabricated through electrostatic assembly of bienzyme/polyelectrolyte hybrid layers on carbon nanotubes SO ANALYST LA English DT Article ID DIRECT ELECTROCHEMISTRY; DEPOSITION TECHNIQUE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; ONLINE BIOSENSORS; MULTILAYER FILM; ENZYME SENSORS; ELECTRODE; LACTATE; GLUCOSE; POLYCATION AB We report a flow injection amperometric choline biosensor based on the electrostatic assembly of the choline oxidase (ChO) enzyme and a bienzyme of ChO and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) onto multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) modified glassy carbon (GC) electrodes. These choline biosensors were fabricated by immobilization of enzymes on the negatively charged MWCNT surface through alternately assembling a cationic poly(diallydimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) layer and an enzyme layer. Using this layer-by-layer assembling approach, a bioactive nanocomposite film of PDDA/ChO/PDDA/HRP/PDDA/CNT (ChO/HRP/CNT) and PDDA/ChO/PDDA/CNT (ChO/CNT) was fabricated on the GC surface. Owing to the electrocatalytic effect of carbon nanotubes, the measurement of faradic responses resulting from enzymatic reactions has been realized at low potential with acceptable sensitivity. The ChO/HRP/CNT biosensor is more sensitive than the ChO/CNT one. Experimental parameters affecting the sensitivity of biosensors, e. g., applied potential, flow rate, etc., were optimized and potential interference was examined. The response time for this choline biosensor is fast ( few seconds). The linear range of detection for the choline biosensor is from 5.0 x 10(-5) to 5.0 x 10(-3) M and the detection limit is about 1.0 x 10(-5) M. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lin, YH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM yuehe.lin@pnl.gov RI Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011 OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587 NR 43 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 14 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0003-2654 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PY 2006 VL 131 IS 4 BP 477 EP 483 DI 10.1039/b516038c PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 025RG UT WOS:000236284000003 PM 16568162 ER PT J AU Wang, Q Baker, GA Baker, SN Colon, LA AF Wang, Qian Baker, Gary A. Baker, Sheila N. Colon, Luis A. TI Surface confined ionic liquid as a stationary phase for HPLC SO ANALYST LA English DT Article ID CAPILLARY-ZONE-ELECTROPHORESIS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SEPARATION; SOLVENTS; RETENTION; ADDITIVES AB Trimethoxysilane "ionosilane'' derivatives of room temperature ionic liquids based on alkylimidazolium bromides were synthesized for attachment to silica support material. The derivatives 1-methyl-3-(trimethoxysilylpropyl) imidazolium bromide and 1-butyl-3(trimethoxysilylpropyl) imidazolium bromide were used to modify the surface of 3 mm diameter silica particles to act as the stationary phase for HPLC. The modified particles were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and C-13 and Si-29 NMR spectroscopies. The surface modification procedure rendered particles with a surface coverage of 0.84 mu mol m(-2) for the alkylimidazolium bromide. The ionic liquid moiety was predominantly attached to the silica surface through two siloxane bonds of the ionosilane derivative (63%). Columns packed with the modified silica material were tested under HPLC conditions. Preliminary evaluation of the stationary phase for HPLC was performed using aromatic carboxylic acids as model compounds. The separation mechanism appears to involve multiple interactions including ion exchange, hydrophobic interaction, and other electrostatic interactions. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Innovations, Knoxville, TN 37934 USA. RP Colon, LA (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, 578 NS Complex, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. EM lacolon@buffalo.edu RI Baker, Gary/H-9444-2016; OI Baker, Gary/0000-0002-3052-7730; Colon, Luis/0000-0001-7087-123X NR 34 TC 106 Z9 109 U1 3 U2 45 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0003-2654 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PY 2006 VL 131 IS 9 BP 1000 EP 1005 DI 10.1039/b607337a PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 077VN UT WOS:000240059500005 PM 17047799 ER PT J AU Glatfelter, A Stephenson, N Bai, S Dybowski, C Perry, DL AF Glatfelter, Alicia Stephenson, Nicole Bai, Shi Dybowski, Cecil Perry, Dale L. TI Quantitative determination of lead in mixtures of lead(II) halides using solid-state Pb-207 NMR spectroscopy SO ANALYST LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; C-13 NMR AB We demonstrate a multi-spectrum technique for facile, quantitative determination of lead in solid materials using solid-state Pb-207 NMR that avoids the major problem of uniform excitation across a wide spectral range; the method can be employed without chemical separation or other chemical manipulations and without any prior sample preparation, resulting in a non-destructive analysis, and producing results that are in agreement with gravimetric analyses of mixed samples of the lead halides. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dybowski, C (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0003-2654 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PY 2006 VL 131 IS 11 BP 1207 EP 1209 DI 10.1039/b609870c PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 098MP UT WOS:000241526800003 PM 17066187 ER PT J AU Yantasee, W Fryxell, GE Lin, YH AF Yantasee, Wassana Fryxell, Glen E. Lin, Yuehe TI Voltammetric analysis of europium at screen-printed electrodes modified with salicylamide self-assembled on mesoporous silica SO ANALYST LA English DT Article ID ADSORPTIVE COMPLEX WAVE; TRACE DETERMINATION; MERCURY-FREE; CARBON ELECTRODES; STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY; SUPPORTS SAMMS; ACTINIDE SEQUESTRATION; RARE-EARTHS; MONOLAYERS; LEAD AB Mercury-free sensors for europium (Eu3+) assay based on the chemical modification of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) with self-assembled salicylamide on mesoporous silica (Sal-SAMMS) have been developed. The preconcentration of Eu3+ at SAMMS-based sensors utilizes the binding affinity of the salicylamide and Eu3+, accomplished at open circuit potential without electrolyte and solution de-gassing. Optimal Eu detection was obtained after 3 - 5 min preconcentration in Eu solution (pH 2 - 6), electrolysis at -0.9 V for 60 s in a new medium (0.1 - 0.2 M NH4Cl, pH 3.5), followed by a square-wave voltammetric detection of Eu in the same electrolyte. Attributed to the strong covalent bonding of the functional groups on mesoporous silica and silane cross-linking, the SAMMS-modified SPCEs with a built-in 3-electrode system can be re-used for tens of measurements with minimal degradation, enabling the establishment of the calibration curve and lowering the costs. A linear calibration curve was found in the range of 75 to at least 500 ppb Eu3+ after 5 min preconcentration. The experimental detection limit was 10 ppb after 10 min preconcentration, which can be improved with increased preconcentration time. Reproducibility (% RSD) of 100 ppb Eu2+ was 10% for a single sensor and 10% for 5 sensors, which can be improved through the precision of sensor manufacturing, in which SAMMS modification can be made in-situ. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lin, YH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Yuehe.Lin@pnl.gov RI Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011 OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587 NR 38 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0003-2654 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PY 2006 VL 131 IS 12 BP 1342 EP 1346 DI 10.1039/b609211j PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 108DI UT WOS:000242220100011 PM 17124543 ER PT J AU Song, S Singh, AK AF Song, S Singh, AK TI On-chip sample preconcentration for integrated microfluidic analysis SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID TOTAL ANALYSIS SYSTEMS; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; DEVICES; PROTEINS; MEMBRANES; STACKING; GRADIENT C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Biosyst Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Hanyang Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Seoul, South Korea. RP Singh, AK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biosyst Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM simonsong@hanyang.ac.kv; aksingh@sandia.gov NR 23 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 384 IS 1 BP 41 EP 43 DI 10.1007/s00216-005-0206-3 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 007NM UT WOS:000234976400011 PM 16333599 ER PT J AU Strader, MB Tabb, DL Hervey, WJ Pan, CL Hurst, GB AF Strader, MB Tabb, DL Hervey, WJ Pan, CL Hurst, GB TI Efficient and specific trypsin digestion of microgram to nanogram quantities of proteins in organic-aqueous solvent systems SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TANDEM AFFINITY PURIFICATION; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-PALUSTRIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TOP-DOWN; IDENTIFICATION; COMPLEXES; PEPTIDES; DATABASE AB Mass spectrometry-based identification of the components of multiprotein complexes often involves solution-phase proteolytic digestion of the complex. The affinity purification of individual protein complexes often yields nanogram to low-microgram amounts of protein, which poses several challenges for enzymatic digestion and protein identification. We tested different solvent systems to optimize trypsin digestions of samples containing limited amounts of protein for subsequent analysis by LC-MS-MS. Data collected from digestion of 10-, 2-, 1 -, and 0.2-mu g portions of a protein standard mixture indicated that an organic-aqueous solvent system containing 80% acetonitrile consistently provided the most complete digestion, producing more peptide identifications than the other solvent systems tested. For example, a 1-h digestion in 80% acetonitrile yielded over 52% more peptides than the overnight digestion of 1 mu g of a protein mixture in purely aqueous buffer. This trend was also observed for peptides from digested ribosomal proteins isolated from Rhodopseudomonas palustris. In addition to improved digestion efficiency, the shorter digestion times possible with the organic solvent also improved trypsin specificity, resulting in smaller numbers of semitryptic peptides than an overnight digestion protocol using an aqueous solvent. The technique was also demonstrated for an affinity-isolated protein complex, GroEL. To our knowledge, this report is the first using mass spectrometry data to show a linkage between digestion solvent and trypsin specificity. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Genome Anal & Syst Modeling Grp, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hurst, GB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hurstgb@ornl.gov RI Pan, Chongle/C-6960-2008; OI Hurst, Gregory/0000-0002-7650-8009; Tabb, David/0000-0001-7223-578X NR 39 TC 120 Z9 120 U1 4 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 1 PY 2006 VL 78 IS 1 BP 125 EP 134 DI 10.1021/ac051348l PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 998IP UT WOS:000234312300024 PM 16383319 ER PT J AU Winter, EM Groves, JT AF Winter, EM Groves, JT TI Surface binding affinity measurements from order transitions of lipid membrane-coated colloidal particles SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SOLID SUPPORTED MEMBRANES; PLASMON RESONANCE; CHOLERA-TOXIN; RECEPTORS; BILAYERS; GANGLIOSIDE; MICROARRAYS; MICROSCOPY; DIFFUSION; PROTEINS AB Lipid bilayers can be assembled onto the surface of colloidal silica particles to form a continuous and fluid supported membrane coating. In this configuration, the collective behavior of the colloidal dispersion is governed by interactions between particles and exhibits a sensitive dependency on chemical features of the membrane surface. Protein binding to membrane surface receptors can trigger macroscopic changes in the colloidal order, which provides a label-free readout of such binding events. Here, the relationship between order in the colloidal dispersion and the surface concentration of bound protein is characterized quantitatively in terms of the radial pair distribution function. Using parallel fluorescence measurements for comparison, we construct a scalar measure of the distribution function that exhibits linear proportionality with surface protein binding. Ibis is used to determine binding affinity based only on observations of the colloidal distribution. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Groves, JT (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JTGroves@lbl.gov NR 26 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 1 PY 2006 VL 78 IS 1 BP 174 EP 180 DI 10.1021/ac0514927 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 998IP UT WOS:000234312300030 PM 16383325 ER PT J AU Hilty, C Lowery, TJ Wemmer, DE Pines, A AF Hilty, C Lowery, TJ Wemmer, DE Pines, A TI Spectrally resolved magnetic resonance imaging of a xenon biosensor SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE biosensors; cage compounds; imaging agents; magnetic resonance imaging; xenon ID LASER-POLARIZED XE-129; FUNCTIONALIZED XENON; NMR; DELIVERY C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hilty, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hilty@berkeley.edu RI Hilty, Christian/C-1892-2015 OI Hilty, Christian/0000-0003-2539-2568 NR 14 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 1 BP 70 EP 73 DI 10.1002/anie.200502693 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 997CZ UT WOS:000234223900007 ER PT J AU Yuhas, BD Zitoun, DO Pauzauskie, PJ He, RR Yang, PD AF Yuhas, BD Zitoun, DO Pauzauskie, PJ He, RR Yang, PD TI Transition-metal doped zinc oxide nanowires SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE doping; nanostructures; nanowires; semiconductors ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; ZNO THIN-FILMS; QUANTUM DOTS; ORIGIN; CO2; SPECTROSCOPY; NANORODS; SPECTRA; BATIO3; GROWTH C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, PD (reprint author), Univ Montpellier 2, LAMMI Bat 15,Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. EM p_yang@berkeley.edu RI Pauzauskie, Peter/A-1316-2014 NR 28 TC 151 Z9 156 U1 3 U2 54 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 3 BP 420 EP 423 DI 10.1002/anie.200503172 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 002IG UT WOS:000234604400012 PM 16342314 ER PT J AU Huang, X Zhai, HJ Waters, T Li, J Wang, LS AF Huang, X Zhai, HJ Waters, T Li, J Wang, LS TI Experimental and theoretical characterization of superoxide complexes [W2O6(O-2(-))] and [W3O9(O-2(-))]: Models for the interaction of O-2 with reduced W sites on tungsten oxide surfaces SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE density functional calculations; O-O activation; oxygen; photoelectron spectroscopy; tungsten ID TRANSITION-METAL CLUSTERS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; BASIS-SETS; AB-INITIO; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; METHANE ACTIVATION; CATALYSTS; MOLECULES; OXIDATION; DENSITY C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99354 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, MS K1-96,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jun.li@pnl.gov; ls.wang@pnl.gov RI Li, Jun/E-5334-2011 OI Li, Jun/0000-0002-8456-3980 NR 39 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 4 BP 657 EP 660 DI 10.1002/anie.200503652 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 004RF UT WOS:000234769200030 PM 16345108 ER PT J AU Chandra, RA Douglas, ES Mathies, RA Bertozzi, CR Francis, MB AF Chandra, RA Douglas, ES Mathies, RA Bertozzi, CR Francis, MB TI Programmable cell adhesion encoded by DNA hybridization SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE cell adhesion; chemical biology; DNA recognition; glycoproteins; Staudinger ligation ID ARRAYS; ATTACHMENT; SURFACES; BILAYERS; SHAPE C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Sci Mat, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Joint Grad Grp Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Francis, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM francis@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Douglas, Erik/B-4274-2008 NR 31 TC 82 Z9 84 U1 4 U2 22 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 6 BP 896 EP 901 DI 10.1002/ANIE.200502421 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 011CY UT WOS:000235246600005 PM 16370010 ER PT J AU Kimura, RH Tran, AT Camarero, JA AF Kimura, RH Tran, AT Camarero, JA TI Biosynthesis of the cyclotide Kalata B1 by using protein splicing SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE bioorganic chemistry; biosynthesis; circular peptides; protein engineering; protein ligation ID CHEMICAL LIGATION; CYSTINE-KNOT; CIRCULAR PROTEINS; IN-VIVO; PEPTIDES; CYCLIZATION; DISCOVERY; END C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Biol & Nucl Sci Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Camarero, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Biol & Nucl Sci Div, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM camarero1@llnl.gov RI Camarero, Julio/A-9628-2015 NR 23 TC 73 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 6 BP 973 EP 976 DI 10.1002/anie.200503882 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 011CY UT WOS:000235246600027 PM 16381044 ER PT J AU Zettsu, N McLellan, JM Wiley, B Yin, YD Li, ZY Xia, YN AF Zettsu, N McLellan, JM Wiley, B Yin, YD Li, ZY Xia, YN TI Synthesis, stability, and surface plasmonic properties of rhodium multipods, and their use as substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE nanostructures; Raman spectroscopy; rhodium; surface plasmon resonance ID SHAPE-CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS; POLYOL SYNTHESIS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; ANISOTROPIC GROWTH; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GOLD NANOCRYSTALS; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; PLATINUM; NANOSTRUCTURES; SIZE C1 Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Lab Opt Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Xia, YN (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM xia@chem.washington.edu RI Wiley, Benjamin/A-7003-2008; Yin, Yadong/D-5987-2011; Xia, Younan/E-8499-2011; Zettsu, Nobuyuki/H-9250-2016 OI Yin, Yadong/0000-0003-0218-3042; Zettsu, Nobuyuki/0000-0003-2838-3165 NR 37 TC 91 Z9 93 U1 4 U2 52 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 8 BP 1288 EP 1292 DI 10.1002/anie.200503174 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 013MG UT WOS:000235412800027 PM 16416480 ER PT J AU Chen, BL Liang, CD Yang, J Contreras, DS Clancy, YL Lobkovsky, EB Yaghi, OM Dai, S AF Chen, BL Liang, CD Yang, J Contreras, DS Clancy, YL Lobkovsky, EB Yaghi, OM Dai, S TI A microporous metal-organic framework for gas-chromatographic separation of alkanes SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE alkanes; gas chromatography; metal-organic frameworks; microporous materials; sorption ID HETEROGENEOUS ASYMMETRIC HYDROGENATION; COORDINATION POLYMERS; POROUS MATERIAL; HYBRID SOLIDS; CHANNELS; SORPTION; STORAGE; DESIGN; ADSORPTION; NETWORK C1 Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Chem, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Chem, Mat Design & Discovery Grp, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Cornell Univ, Baker Lab, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Chen, BL (reprint author), Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Chem, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. EM banglin@utpa.edu; dais@ornl.gov RI Chen, Banglin/F-5461-2010; Liang, Chengdu/G-5685-2013; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015; OI Chen, Banglin/0000-0001-8707-8115; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Yaghi, Omar/0000-0002-5611-3325 NR 48 TC 860 Z9 866 U1 25 U2 233 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1390 EP 1393 DI 10.1002/anie.200502844 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 016OD UT WOS:000235628700009 PM 16425335 ER PT J AU Lewis, JC Wu, JY Bergman, RG Ellman, JA AF Lewis, JC Wu, JY Bergman, RG Ellman, JA TI Microwave-promoted rhodium-catalyzed arylation of heterocycles through C-H bond activation SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE arylation; C-H activation; heterocycles; phosphane ligands; rhodium ID METAL-COMPLEXES; ARYL C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bergman, RG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bergman@cchem.berkeley.edu; jellman@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Ellman, Jonathan/C-7732-2013 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM069559] NR 32 TC 104 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 10 BP 1589 EP 1591 DI 10.1002/anie.200504289 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 018GP UT WOS:000235752600016 PM 16444794 ER PT J AU Gaunt, AJ Scott, BL Neu, MP AF Gaunt, AJ Scott, BL Neu, MP TI A molecular actinide-tellurium bond and comparison of bonding in [M-III{N(TePiPr2)2}3] (M = U, La) SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE actinides; chalcogens; coordination modes; lanthanides; uranium ID SINGLE-SOURCE PRECURSORS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; LANTHANIDE; SE; COMPLEXES; TE; CHEMISTRY; CLEAVAGE; ELEMENTS; LIGANDS C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, CSIC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Neu, MP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, CSIC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mneu@lanl.gov RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017; OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396; Gaunt, Andrew/0000-0001-9679-6020 NR 30 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 10 BP 1638 EP 1641 DI 10.1002/anie.200503372 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 018GP UT WOS:000235752600029 PM 16463285 ER PT J AU Kwon, Y Coleman, MA Camarero, JA AF Kwon, Y Coleman, MA Camarero, JA TI Selective immobilization of proteins onto solid supports through split-intein-mediated protein trans-splicing SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE bioorganic chemistry; biosensors; immobilization; protein engineering; proteomics ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; STAUDINGER LIGATION; ARRAYS; AFFINITY; PCC6803 C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Biol & Nucl Sci Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Camarero, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Biol & Nucl Sci Div, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM camarero1@llnl.gov RI Camarero, Julio/A-9628-2015; OI Coleman, Matthew/0000-0003-1389-4018 NR 33 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 11 BP 1726 EP 1729 DI 10.1002/anie.200503475 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 022KN UT WOS:000236054800013 PM 16470557 ER PT J AU Yu, Y Bond, AD Leonard, PW Vollhardt, KPC Whitener, GD AF Yu, Y Bond, AD Leonard, PW Vollhardt, KPC Whitener, GD TI Syntheses, structures, and reactivity of radial oligocyclopentadienyl metal complexes: Penta(ferrocenyl)cyclopentadienyl and congeners SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE carbocations; cyclopentadienyl ligands; metal-metal interactions; palladium; radialenes ID PENTAMETHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL CATION; ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; CARBONYL-COMPLEXES; LIGAND; STABILITY; FERROCENE; RING; CYCLOPENTADIENES C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ So Denmark, Dept Chem, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark. RP Vollhardt, KPC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kpcv@berkeley.edu NR 61 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 11 BP 1794 EP 1799 DI 10.1002/anie.200504047 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 022KN UT WOS:000236054800032 PM 16470902 ER PT J AU Kiplinger, JL Pool, JA Schelter, EJ Thompson, JD Scott, BL Morris, DE AF Kiplinger, JL Pool, JA Schelter, EJ Thompson, JD Scott, BL Morris, DE TI Actinide-mediated cyclization of 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene: Synthesis and characterization of self-assembled trinuclear thorium and uranium macrocycles SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE metallomacrocycles; self-assembly; tetracyanobenzene; thorium; uranium ID CENTERED TEMPLATE REACTIONS; H BOND ACTIVATION; 1ST EXAMPLE; COMPLEXES; SPECTROSCOPY; REACTIVITY; DERIVATIVES C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kiplinger, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kiplinger@lanl.gov; demorris@lanl.gov RI Schelter, Eric/E-2962-2013; Morris, David/A-8577-2012; Kiplinger, Jaqueline/B-9158-2011; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Kiplinger, Jaqueline/0000-0003-0512-7062; Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 38 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 13 BP 2036 EP 2041 DI 10.1002/anie.200504306 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 026XQ UT WOS:000236377000007 PM 16491507 ER PT J AU Link, DR Grasland-Mongrain, E Duri, A Sarrazin, F Cheng, ZD Cristobal, G Marquez, M Weitz, DA AF Link, DR Grasland-Mongrain, E Duri, A Sarrazin, F Cheng, ZD Cristobal, G Marquez, M Weitz, DA TI Electric control of droplets in microfluidic devices SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE droplets; high-throughput screening; microfluidics; microreactors ID HIGH-THROUGHPUT; SYSTEM; SCALE; ELECTROPHORESIS; CHIP; FLOW C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Harvard Univ, DEAS, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Philip Morris USA Res Ctr, INEST Grp, Richmond, VA 23234 USA. RP Link, DR (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dlink@raindancetechnologies.com NR 30 TC 331 Z9 336 U1 11 U2 148 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 16 BP 2556 EP 2560 DI 10.1002/anie.200503540 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 032ZO UT WOS:000236815700014 PM 16544359 ER PT J AU Stamenkovic, V Mun, BS Mayrhofer, KJJ Ross, PN Markovic, NM Rossmeisl, J Greeley, J Norskov, JK AF Stamenkovic, V Mun, BS Mayrhofer, KJJ Ross, PN Markovic, NM Rossmeisl, J Greeley, J Norskov, JK TI Changing the activity of electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction by tuning the surface electronic structure SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE alloys; density functional calculations; electrochemistry; oxygen; platinum ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ALLOY SURFACES; METAL-SURFACES; TRANSITION-METAL; FUEL-CELLS; CO; SEGREGATION; CATALYSIS; ADSORPTION; MONOLAYER C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Phys, Ctr Atom Scale Mat Phys, NanoDTU, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Norskov, JK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM norskov@fysik.dtu.dk RI Mayrhofer, Karl/D-4166-2009; Rossmeisl, Jan/A-5714-2011; Mun, Bongjin /G-1701-2013; Norskov, Jens/D-2539-2017 OI Rossmeisl, Jan/0000-0001-7749-6567; Norskov, Jens/0000-0002-4427-7728 NR 35 TC 779 Z9 786 U1 68 U2 483 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 18 BP 2897 EP 2901 DI 10.1002/anie.200504386 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 042HK UT WOS:000237518600015 PM 16596688 ER PT J AU Yan, WF Brown, S Pan, ZW Mahurin, SM Overbury, SH Dai, S AF Yan, WF Brown, S Pan, ZW Mahurin, SM Overbury, SH Dai, S TI Ultrastable gold nanocatalyst supported by nanosized non-oxide substrate SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE gold; lanthanum; nanoparticles; oxidation; supported catalysts ID CARBON-MONOXIDE OXIDATION; LOW-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; WATER-GAS SHIFT; CO OXIDATION; CATALYTIC PERFORMANCE; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; MESOPOROUS SILICA; AU/TIO2 CATALYSTS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; METAL-OXIDES C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Overbury, Steven/C-5108-2016; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015; OI Overbury, Steven/0000-0002-5137-3961; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Pan, Zhengwei/0000-0002-3854-958X NR 58 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 4 U2 55 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 22 BP 3614 EP 3618 DI 10.1002/anie.200503808 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050DP UT WOS:000238068000008 PM 16639762 ER PT J AU Tao, A Sinsermsuksakul, P Yang, PD AF Tao, Andrea Sinsermsuksakul, Prasert Yang, Peidong TI Polyhedral silver nanocrystals with distinct scattering signatures SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE colloids; nanostructures; silver; surface plasmon resonancet ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; METAL NANOPARTICLES; PLASMON RESONANCE; SHAPE; GOLD; SPECTROSCOPY; PARTICLES; CRYSTAL; CUBES; SIZE C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Div Sci Mat, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, PD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Div Sci Mat, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM p_yang@berkeley.edu NR 21 TC 436 Z9 449 U1 17 U2 180 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 28 BP 4597 EP 4601 DI 10.1002/anie.200601277 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 064HN UT WOS:000239079900009 PM 16791902 ER PT J AU Takeuchi, Y Segawa, M Fujisawa, H Omata, K Lodwig, SN Unkefer, CJ AF Takeuchi, Yoshio Segawa, Masaru Fujisawa, Hidehito Omata, Kenji Lodwig, Siegfried N. Unkefer, Clifford J. TI The CFTA method: A reliable procedure for the determination of the absolute configuration of chiral primary amines by H-1 NMR spectroscopic analysis SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE CFTA diastereomers; configuration determination; NMR spectroscopy; reactivity ID ENANTIOMERIC EXCESS DETERMINATION; TOLYLACETIC ACID CFTA; CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; MOSHER METHOD; SECONDARY ALCOHOLS; NMR APPLICATION; ESTERS; REAGENT; AMIDES; AGENT C1 Toyama Univ, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Toyama 9300194, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Chem, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Takeuchi, Y (reprint author), Toyama Univ, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Toyama 9300194, Japan. EM takeuchi@pha.u-toyama.ac.jp FU NIBIB NIH HHS [5P41 EB 002166] NR 21 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 28 BP 4617 EP 4619 DI 10.1002/anie.200600157 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 064HN UT WOS:000239079900014 PM 16789033 ER PT J AU Bondarchuk, O Huang, X Kim, J Kay, BD Wang, LS White, JM Dohnalek, Z AF Bondarchuk, Oleksandr Huang, Xin Kim, Jooho Kay, Bruce D. Wang, Lai-Sheng White, J. M. Dohnalek, Zdenek TI Formation of monodisperse (WO3)(3) clusters on TiO2(110) SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE heterogeneous catalysis; scanning probe microscopy; surface analysis; transition metals ID MODEL CATALYST; SURFACE; DEPOSITION; VANADIA; APPEARANCE; PARTICLES; FILMS; STM; MGO; CO C1 Univ Texas, Texas Mat Inst, Ctr Mat Chem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP White, JM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Texas Mat Inst, Ctr Mat Chem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM jmwhite@mail.utexas.edu; Zdenek.Dohnalek@pnl.gov OI Dohnalek, Zdenek/0000-0002-5999-7867; Bondarchuk, Oleksandr/0000-0001-7380-8930 NR 23 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 5 U2 46 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 29 BP 4786 EP 4789 DI 10.1002/anie.200600837 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 067EM UT WOS:000239284500012 PM 16795101 ER PT J AU Long, DL Kogerler, P Parenty, ADC Fielden, J Cronin, L AF Long, De-Liang Kogerler, Paul Parenty, Alexis D. C. Fielden, John Cronin, Leroy TI Discovery of a family of isopolyoxotungstates [H4W19O62](6-) encapsulating a {WO6} moiety within a {W-18} Dawson-like cluster cage SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE cluster compounds; electronic structure; polyoxometalates; self-assembly; tungsten ID CELTIC-RING ISOPOLYOXOTUNGSTATE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CATALYTIC CYCLE; POLYOXOTUNGSTATE; HETEROPOLYANION; PARATUNGSTATE; CHEMISTRY C1 Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Long, DL (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. EM longd@chem.gla.ac.uk; l.cronin@chem.gla.ac.uk RI Cronin, Leroy/B-7752-2008; Long, Deliang/C-3500-2011; Kogerler, Paul/H-5866-2013 OI Cronin, Leroy/0000-0001-8035-5757; Kogerler, Paul/0000-0001-7831-3953 NR 49 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 29 BP 4798 EP 4803 DI 10.1002/anie.200504600 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 067EM UT WOS:000239284500016 PM 16807961 ER PT J AU Gilmore, JM Scheck, RA Esser-Kahn, AP Joshi, NS Francis, MB AF Gilmore, Joshua M. Scheck, Rebecca A. Esser-Kahn, Aaron P. Joshi, Neel S. Francis, Matthew B. TI N-terminal protein modification through a biomimetic transamination reaction SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE bioconjugation; bioorganic chemistry; oximes; protein modifications ID PYRIDOXAL-PHOSPHATE ENZYMES; SURFACE MODIFICATION; LIGATION; OXIME; ATTACHMENT; PEPTIDES C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Francis, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM francis@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 28 TC 170 Z9 170 U1 9 U2 84 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 32 BP 5307 EP 5311 DI 10.1002/anie.200600368 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 075VK UT WOS:000239913400012 PM 16847857 ER PT J AU Han, WQ Wu, LJ Stein, A Zhu, YM Misewich, J Warren, J AF Han, Wei-Qiang Wu, Lijun Stein, Aaron Zhu, Yimei Misewich, James Warren, John TI Oxygen-deficiency-induced superlattice structures of chromia nanobelts SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE chromium; nanostructures; oxides; superlattices; twinning ID OXIDE NANOBELTS; NANOWIRES C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Han, WQ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM whan@bnl.gov RI Han, WQ/E-2818-2013 NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 39 BP 6554 EP 6558 DI 10.1002/anie.200602383 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 095NH UT WOS:000241314100032 PM 16960913 ER PT J AU Bontchev, RP Nyman, M AF Bontchev, Ranko P. Nyman, May TI Evolution of polyoxoniobate cluster anions SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE cluster compounds; niobium; polyoxometalates; solid-state structures ID VANADIUM-OXIDE CLUSTERS; RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; METAL-OXIDE; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; SOLID-STATE; BUILDING-BLOCKS; GIANT CLUSTER; FRAMEWORK; HETEROPOLYNIOBATES; CHEMISTRY C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Nyman, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0754, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mdnyman@sandia.gov NR 43 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 40 BP 6670 EP 6672 DI 10.1002/anie.200602200 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 097UM UT WOS:000241474500015 PM 16986204 ER PT J AU Tok, JBH Chuang, FYS Kao, MC Rose, KA Pannu, SS Sha, MY Chakarova, G Penn, SG Dougherty, GM AF Tok, Jeffrey B. -H. Chuang, Frank Y. S. Kao, Michael C. Rose, Klint A. Pannu, Satinderpall S. Sha, Michael Y. Chakarova, Gabriela Penn, Sharron G. Dougherty, George M. TI Metallic striped nanowires as multiplexed immunoassay platforms for pathogen detection SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE biological warfare; immunoassays; magnetic properties; nanotechnology; transition metals ID BIOTERRORISM; SEPARATIONS; NANORODS C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Nanoplex Technol Inc, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. Univ Calif Davis, NSF, Ctr Biophoton Sci & Technol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Tok, JBH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM tok2@llnl.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI065359] NR 19 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 41 BP 6900 EP 6904 DI 10.1002/anie.200601104 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 099ZT UT WOS:000241637500029 PM 16888828 ER PT J AU Lee, H Habas, SE Kweskin, S Butcher, D Somorjai, GA Yang, PD AF Lee, Hyunjoo Habas, Susan E. Kweskin, Sasha Butcher, Derek Somorjai, Gabor A. Yang, Peidong TI Morphological control of catalytically active platinum nanocrystals SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE heterogeneous catalysis; morphology control; nanostructures; platinum; surfactants ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; GOLD NANORODS; SHAPE CONTROL; LIQUID-PHASE; NANOPARTICLES; SURFACTANT; NANOWIRES; CATALYSTS; GROWTH; NANOSTRUCTURES C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, PD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM p_yang@uclink.berkeley.edu RI Lee, Hyunjoo/G-8034-2012 OI Lee, Hyunjoo/0000-0002-4538-9086 NR 34 TC 453 Z9 458 U1 30 U2 268 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 46 BP 7824 EP 7828 DI 10.1002/anie.200603068 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 113KB UT WOS:000242595700038 PM 17089428 ER PT J AU Oh, E Lee, D Kim, YP Cha, SY Oh, DB Kang, HA Kim, J Kim, HS AF Oh, Eunkeu Lee, Dohoon Kim, Young-Pil Cha, Seung Youp Oh, Doo-Beyong Kang, Hyun Ah Kim, Jungbae Kim, Hak-Sung TI Nanoparticle-based energy transfer for rapid and simple detection of protein glycosylation SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE carbohydrates; energy transfer; glycoproteins; gold nanoparticles; quantum dots ID QUANTUM DOTS; HANSENULA-POLYMORPHA; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; GLUCOSE-OXIDASE; FLUORESCENCE; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; GLYCOPROTEINS; PARTICLES; AFFINITY C1 Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Sci Biol, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Korea Res Inst Biosci & Biotechnol, Prot Therapeut Ctr, Taejon 305600, South Korea. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kim, HS (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Sci Biol, Taejon 305701, South Korea. EM hskim76@kaist.ac.kr RI Kim, Young-Pil/A-5437-2009; Kim, Hak-Sung/C-1929-2011 OI Kim, Young-Pil/0000-0001-7234-1320; NR 26 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 2 U2 37 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 47 BP 7959 EP 7963 DI 10.1002/anie.200601948 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 116CX UT WOS:000242781200014 PM 17080470 ER PT J AU Song, YJ Garcia, RM Dorin, RM Wang, HR Qiu, Y Shelnutt, JA AF Song, Yujiang Garcia, Robert M. Dorin, Rachel M. Wang, Haorong Qiu, Yan Shelnutt, John A. TI Synthesis of platinum nanocages by using liposomes containing photocatalyst molecules SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE liposomes; nanostructures; platinum; porphyrinoids; templating ID HOLLOW SPHERES; CORE-SHELL; NANOPARTICLES; NANOSTRUCTURES; GOLD; NANOSPHERES; FABRICATION; NANOBOXES; PALLADIUM; CRYSTALS C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Shelnutt, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM jasheln@unm.edu RI Song, Yujiang/A-8700-2009; Shelnutt, John/A-9987-2009 OI Shelnutt, John/0000-0001-7368-582X NR 35 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 5 U2 54 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 48 BP 8126 EP 8130 DI 10.1002/anie.200602403 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 118GD UT WOS:000242929500009 PM 17066399 ER PT J AU Gerdts, CJ Tereshko, V Yadav, MK Dementieva, I Collart, F Joachimiak, A Stevens, RC Kuhn, P Kossiakoff, A Ismagilov, RF AF Gerdts, Cory J. Tereshko, Valentina Yadav, Maneesh K. Dementieva, Irina Collart, Frank Joachimiak, Andrzej Stevens, Raymond C. Kuhn, Peter Kossiakoff, Anthony Ismagilov, Rustem F. TI Time-controlled microfluidic seeding in nL-volume droplets to separate nucleation and growth stages of protein crystallization SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE crystal growth; microfluidics; nucleation; protein structures ID FREE INTERFACE DIFFUSION; X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; KINETICS C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60615 USA. Univ Chicago, Inst Biophys Dynam, Chicago, IL 60615 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60615 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cellular Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Univ Chicago, Pritzker Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Inst Mol Pediat Sci, Chicago, IL 60615 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Midw Ctr Struct Genom, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ismagilov, RF (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, 5735 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60615 USA. EM r-ismagilov@uchicago.edu RI Stevens, Raymond/K-7272-2015; OI Stevens, Raymond/0000-0002-4522-8725; Collart, Frank/0000-0001-6942-4483 FU NCI NIH HHS [Y1-CO-1020]; NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR007707, RR07707]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI266200400058C]; NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB001903]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM074961, U54 GM074961, Y1-GM-1104] NR 30 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 3 U2 29 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 48 BP 8156 EP 8160 DI 10.1002/anie.200602946 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 118GD UT WOS:000242929500017 PM 17099920 ER PT J AU Wang, Q Zakeeruddin, SM Wang, DY Exnar, I Gratzel, M AF Wang, Qing Zakeeruddin, Shaik M. Wang, Deyu Exnar, Ivan Graetzel, Michael TI Redox targeting of insulating electrode materials: A new approach to high-energy-density batteries SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE electrochemistry; energy storage; lithium-ion batteries; redox chemistry ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; COMPLEXES; ADDITIVES; MEMBRANES; CENTERS; CELLS C1 Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Photon & Interfaces, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. HPL SA, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Gratzel, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Denver, CO USA. EM michael.graetzel@epfl.ch RI Wang, Qing/G-6475-2010; Graetzel, Michael/G-4870-2011; Zakeeruddin, Shaik Mohammed/D-3244-2014; Deyu, Wang/J-9496-2014 OI Wang, Qing/0000-0002-0263-3579; NR 20 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 24 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 48 BP 8197 EP 8200 DI 10.1002/anie.200602891 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 118GD UT WOS:000242929500029 PM 17109454 ER PT J AU Zielasek, V Jurgens, B Schulz, C Biener, J Biener, MM Hamza, AV Baumer, M AF Zielasek, Volkniar Juergens, Birte Schulz, Christian Biener, Juergen Biener, Monika M. Hamza, Alex V. Baeumer, Marcus TI Gold catalysts: Nanoporous gold foams SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE carbon monoxide; catalysis; gold; nanostructures; surface chemistry ID VAPOR-PHASE EPOXIDATION; CO OXIDATION; NANOPARTICLES; SILVER; OXYGEN; ADSORPTION; HYDROGEN; SUPPORT; PROPENE; XPS C1 Univ Bremen, Inst Angew & Phys Chem, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nanoscale Synth & Characterizat Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Baumer, M (reprint author), Univ Bremen, Inst Angew & Phys Chem, Leobener Str NW2, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. EM mbaeumer@uni-bremen.de RI SHANG, Jintang/A-3715-2012; Baumer, Marcus/S-5441-2016 OI Baumer, Marcus/0000-0002-8620-1764 NR 30 TC 274 Z9 280 U1 16 U2 158 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2006 VL 45 IS 48 BP 8241 EP 8244 DI 10.1002/anie.200602484 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 118GD UT WOS:000242929500042 PM 17099919 ER PT J AU Cottrell, RL Ansari, S Khandpur, P Gupta, R Hughes-Jones, R Chen, M McIntosh, L Leers, F AF Cottrell, RL Ansari, S Khandpur, P Gupta, R Hughes-Jones, R Chen, M McIntosh, L Leers, F TI Characterization and evaluation of TCP and UDP-based transport on real networks SO ANNALES DES TELECOMMUNICATIONS-ANNALS OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE TCP/IP; Internet protocol; transmission protocol; throughput; performance evaluation; high rate; long distance transmission AB Standard TCP (Reno TCP) does not perforin well on fast long distance networks, due to its AIMD congestion control algorithm. In this paper we consider the effectiveness of various alternatives, in particular with respect to their applicability to a production environment. We then characterize and evaluate the achievable throughput, stability, and intra-protocol fairness of different TCP stacks (Scalable, HSTCP, HTCP, Fast TCP, Reno, BICTCP, HSTCP-LP and LTCP) and a UDP based application level transport protocol (UDTV2) on both production and testbed networks. The characterization is made with respect to both the transient traffic (entry and exit of different streams) and the steady state traffic on production Academic and Research networks, using paths with RTTS differing by a factor of 10. We also report on measurements made with 10 Gbit/sec NICS with and without TCP Offload Engines, on 10 Gbit/s dedicated paths set up for SC2004. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Chelsio, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA. Sun Microsyst Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Cottrell, RL (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM cottrell@slac.stanford.edu; parakram@slac.stanford.edu; ruchig@slac.stanford.edu; r.hughes-jones@man.ac.uk; mike.chen@chelsio.com; larry.mcintosh@sun.com; frank.leers@sun.com NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU PRESSES POLYTECHNIQUES ET UNIVERSITAIRES ROMANDES PI LAUSANNE PA EPFL-ECUBLENS, CENTRE MIDI, CH-1015 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0003-4347 J9 ANN TELECOMMUN JI Ann. Telecommun.-Ann Telecommun. PD JAN-FEB PY 2006 VL 61 IS 1-2 BP 5 EP 20 PG 16 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA 029DT UT WOS:000236539400002 ER PT J AU Rao, NSV Wu, Q Carter, SM Wing, WR AF Rao, NSV Wu, Q Carter, SM Wing, WR TI High-speed dedicated channels and experimental results with Hurricane protocol SO ANNALES DES TELECOMMUNICATIONS-ANNALS OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE dedicated line; transmission protocol; high rate; experimental result; computer network; throughput; scientific application; long distance transmission AB Networks are currently being deployed to provide dedicated channels to support large data transfers and stable control flow needed in large-scale scientific applications. We present experimental results on application-level throughputs achievable on such channels using a range of hosts and dedicated connections. These results high-light the throughput limitations in several cases due to host issues, including disk and file system speeds, processor scheduling and loads, and complexity of internal data paths. We characterize such effects using the notion of host-bandwidth, which must be considered together with the connection-bandwidth in designing and optimizing transport protocols for dedicated channels. We propose a new transport protocol implementation, named Hurricane, to achieve high utilization of dedicated channels. While the overall protocol is quite similar to existing UDP-based protocols, new parameters, such as group size of NACKs, are identified and carefully optimized to achieve high channel utilization. Our end hosts consist of workstations, a cluster and Cray XI supercomputer Between two workstations, we consider: (A) 1 Gbps layer 3 connection of several hundred miles, and (B) 10 Gbps layer 2 connection of several thousand miles. Between Cray XI and the cluster we consider: (C) 450 Mbps layer 3 channel provisioned by policy, and (D) 1 Gbps layer 2 connection provisioned over an MPLS tunnel. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rao, NSV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM raons@ornl.gov; wuqn@ornl.gov; scarter@ornl.gov; wrw@ornl.gov OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU PRESSES POLYTECHNIQUES ET UNIVERSITAIRES ROMANDES PI LAUSANNE PA EPFL-ECUBLENS, CENTRE MIDI, CH-1015 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0003-4347 J9 ANN TELECOMMUN JI Ann. Telecommun.-Ann Telecommun. PD JAN-FEB PY 2006 VL 61 IS 1-2 BP 21 EP 45 PG 25 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA 029DT UT WOS:000236539400003 ER PT J AU Wang, H Luhr, H Ma, SY Weygand, J Skoug, RM Yin, F AF Wang, H Luhr, H Ma, SY Weygand, J Skoug, RM Yin, F TI Field-aligned currents observed by CHAMP during the intense 2003 geomagnetic storm events SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE LA English DT Article DE ionosphere; auroral ionosphere; magnetospheric physics; current systems; magnetosphere/ionosphere interactions ID MAGNETIC STORMS; AURORAL OVAL; SUBSTORMS; TRIAD AB This study concentrates on the characteristics of field-aligned currents (FACs) in both hemispheres during the extreme storms in October and November 2003. High-resolution CHAMP magnetic data reflect the dynamics of FACs during these geomagnetic storms, which are different from normal periods. The peak intensity and most equator-ward location of FACs in response to the storm phases are examined separately for both hemispheres, as well as for the dayside and nightside. The corresponding large-scale FAC peak densities arc, on average, enhanced by about a factor of 5 compared to the quiet-time FACs' strengths. And the FAC densities on the dayside are, on average, 2.5 times larger in the Southern (summer) than in the Northern (winter) Hemisphere, while the observed intensities on the nightside are comparable between the two hemispheres. Solar wind dynamic pressure is correlated with the FACs strength on the dayside. However, the latitudinal variations of the FACs are compared with the variations in D-st and the interplanetary magnetic field component B-z, in order to determine how these parameters control the large-scale FACs' configuration in the polar region. We have determined that (1) the equator-ward shift of FACs on the dayside is directly controlled by the southward IMF B-z and there is a saturation of the latitudinal displacement for large value of negative B, In the winter hemisphere this saturation occurs at higher latitudes than in the summer hemisphere. (2) The equatorward expansion of the nightside FACs is delayed with respect to the solar wind input. The poleward recovery of FACs on the nightside is slower than on the dayside. The latitudinal variations on the nightside are better described by the variations of the D-SI index. (3) The latitudinal width of the FAC region on the nightside spreads over a wide range of about 25 degrees in latitude. C1 Wuhan Univ, Dept Space Phys, Coll Elect Informat, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. GeoForschungsZentrum, Potsdam, Germany. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Wuhan Univ, Dept Space Phys, Coll Elect Informat, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. EM h.wang@whu.edu.cn NR 40 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 0992-7689 EI 1432-0576 J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY JI Ann. Geophys. PY 2006 VL 24 IS 1 BP 311 EP 324 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 030CM UT WOS:000236610900022 ER PT J AU Nykyri, K Grison, B Cargill, PJ Lavraud, B Lucek, E Dandouras, I Balogh, A Cornilleau-Wehrlin, N Reme, H AF Nykyri, K. Grison, B. Cargill, P. J. Lavraud, B. Lucek, E. Dandouras, I. Balogh, A. Cornilleau-Wehrlin, N. Reme, H. TI Origin of the turbulent spectra in the high-altitude cusp: Cluster spacecraft observations SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE LA English DT Article DE magnetospheric physics; magnetopause, cusp and boundary layers; plasma waves and instabilities; space plasma physics; nonlinear phenomena; turbulence ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; LOW-LATITUDE RECONNECTION; ION-CYCLOTRON WAVES; POLAR CUSP; EARTHS MAGNETOSPHERE; STAFF EXPERIMENT; BERNSTEIN WAVES; NORTHWARD IMF; BOUNDARY; PLASMA AB High-resolution magnetic field data from Cluster Flux Gate Magnetometer (FGM) and the Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Field Fluctuations (STAFF) instruments are used to study turbulent magnetic field fluctuations during the high-altitude cusp crossing on 17 March 2001. Despite the quiet solar wind conditions, the cusp was filled with magnetic field turbulence whose power correlates with the field-aligned ion plasma flux. The magnetic field wave spectra shows power law behavior with both double and single slopes with break in the spectra usually occurring in the vicinity of the local ion cyclotron frequency. Strong peaks in the wave power close to local ion cyclotron frequency were sometimes observed, with secondary peaks at higher harmonics indicative of resonant processes between protons and the waves. We show that the observed spectral break point may be caused partly by damping of obliquely propagating kinetic Alfven (KAW) waves and partly by cyclotron damping of ion cyclotron waves. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London, England. UVSQ, CNRS, CETP, F-78140 Velizy Villacoublay, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. RP Nykyri, K (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London, England. EM k.nykyri@ic.ac.uk RI Grison, Benjamin/G-9440-2014; OI Grison, Benjamin/0000-0002-3440-6856; Dandouras, Iannis/0000-0002-7121-1118; Nykyri, Katariina/0000-0002-6905-9487 NR 48 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 7 PU EUROPEAN GEOSCIENCES UNION PI KATLENBURG-LINDAU PA MAX-PLANCK-STR 13, 37191 KATLENBURG-LINDAU, GERMANY SN 0992-7689 J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY JI Ann. Geophys. PY 2006 VL 24 IS 3 BP 1057 EP 1075 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 064FK UT WOS:000239074400018 ER PT J AU Cachorro, VE Vergaz, R de Frutos, AM Vilaplana, JM Henriques, D Laulainen, N Toledano, C AF Cachorro, V. E. Vergaz, R. de Frutos, A. M. Vilaplana, J. M. Henriques, D. Laulainen, N. Toledano, C. TI Study of desert dust events over the southwestern Iberian Peninsula in year 2000: two case studies SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE LA English DT Article DE atmospheric composition and structure; aerosols and particles; pollution; urban and regional; troposphere; composition and chemistry ID AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; SKY RADIANCE MEASUREMENTS; SAHARAN DUST; MINERAL DUST; AFRICAN DUST; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; CLIMATE RESPONSE; MACE HEAD; AERONET; OZONE AB Strong desert dust events occurring in 2000 over the southwestern Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula are detected and evaluated by means of the TOMS Aerosol Index (A.I.) at three different sites, Funchal (Madeira Island, Portugal), Lisboa (Portugal) and El Arenosillo (Huelva, Spain). At the El Arenosillo station, measurements from an AERONET Cimel sunphotometer allow a more precise retrieval of the spectral AOD and the derived alpha Angstrom coefficient. After using different threshold values of these parameters, we conclude that it is difficult to establish reliable and robust criteria for an automatic estimation of the number of dust episodes and the total number of dusty days per year. As a result, additional information, such as airmass trajectories, were used to improve the estimation, from which reasonable results were obtained (although some manual editting was still needed). A detailed characterization of two selected desert dust episodes, a strong event in winter and another of less intensity in summer, was carried out using AOD derived from Brewer spectrometer measurements. Size distribution parameters and radiative properties, such as arefractive index and the aerosol single scattering albedo derived from Cimel data, were analyzed in detail for one of these two case studies. Although specific to this dust episode, the retrieved range of values of these parameters clearly reflect the characteristics of desert aerosols. Back-trajectory analysis, synoptic weather maps and satellite images were also considered together, as supporting data to assess the aerosol desert characterization in this region of study. C1 Univ Valladolid, GOA, UVA, Grupo Opt Atmosfer, Valladolid, Spain. ESAT EL Arenosillo INTA, Huelva, Spain. Inst Meteorol Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal. PNNL, Richland, WA USA. RP Cachorro, VE (reprint author), Univ Valladolid, GOA, UVA, Grupo Opt Atmosfer, Valladolid, Spain. EM chiqui@baraja.opt.cie.uva.es RI Toledano, Carlos/J-3672-2012; OI Toledano, Carlos/0000-0002-6890-6648; Henriques, Diamantino/0000-0003-2026-2342; Cachorro, Victoria/0000-0002-4627-9444; VERGAZ, RICARDO/0000-0002-2304-129X NR 75 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS PUBLICATIONS PI KATHLENBURG-LINDAU PA MAX-PLANCK-STR 13, KATHLENBURG-LINDAU, 37191, GERMANY SN 0992-7689 J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY JI Ann. Geophys. PY 2006 VL 24 IS 6 BP 1493 EP 1510 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 073EA UT WOS:000239724500003 ER PT J AU Williams, JD MacDonald, E McCarthy, M Peticolas, L Parks, GK AF Williams, J. D. MacDonald, E. McCarthy, M. Peticolas, L. Parks, G. K. TI Parallel electric fields inferred during a pulsating aurora SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE LA English DT Article DE magnetospheric physics; auroral phenomena; energetic particles, precipitating; energetic particles, trapped ID MODULATION; IONOSPHERE; ORIGIN AB A sounding rocket, equipped to study pulsating aurora launched from Poker Flat, Alaska on 13 March 1997 at 10:20:31 UT, measured electron precipitation over the range similar to 10eV to 500 keV covering pitch-angles from 0 to 180 degrees. Data show electrons with energies < 1 keV are mostly secondaries produced below the rocket altitude by the higher energy precipitated electrons. We observed nearly equal fluxes of up and down going electrons for energies < 1 keV at altitudes from 265 to 380km. Electron transport simulation results indicate the secondaries produced by the more energetic electrons will have two times higher flux in the upward direction as compared to the downward direction. Our observations of nearly equal fluxes of up and downgoing electrons over a large range of altitudes is consistent with the presence of an electric potential above the rocket that reflects the upgoing electrons back toward the rocket where they are detected as downward going electrons. The strength of the potential is estimated to be 1.5 +/- 0.5 kV and its location is no greater than 5000 km above the rocket. Finally, the inferred potential drop exists independently of the presence of pulsations. C1 Univ Montana, Dept Phys & Astron, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Williams, JD (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Phys & Astron, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM john2.williams@umontana.edu NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 0992-7689 EI 1432-0576 J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY JI Ann. Geophys. PY 2006 VL 24 IS 7 BP 1829 EP 1837 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 082DP UT WOS:000240367200006 ER PT J AU Nykyri, K Otto, A Lavraud, B Mouikis, C Kistler, LM Balogh, A Reme, H AF Nykyri, K. Otto, A. Lavraud, B. Mouikis, C. Kistler, L. M. Balogh, A. Reme, H. TI Cluster observations of reconnection due to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at the dawnside magnetospheric flank SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE LA English DT Article DE magnetospheric physics; magnetopause, cusp and boundary layers; plasma waves and instabilities; space plasma physics; magnetic reconnection transport processes; turbulence ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; FLUX-TRANSFER EVENTS; GEOTAIL OBSERVATIONS; PLASMA SHEET; SOLAR-WIND; MAGNETOTAIL BOUNDARY; EARTHS MAGNETOSPHERE; MAGNETOPAUSE; WAVES; VORTICES AB On 3 July 2001, the four Cluster satellites traversed along the dawnside magnetospheric flank and observed large variations in all plasma parameters. The estimated magnetopause boundary normals were oscillating in the z-direction and the normal component of the magnetic field showed systematic similar to 2-3 min bipolar variations for 1 h when the IMF had a small positive b(z)-component and a Parker-spiral orientation in the x, y-plane. Brief similar to 33 s intervals with excellent deHoffman Teller frames were observed satisfying the Walen relation. Detailed comparisons with 2D MHD simulations indicate that Cluster encountered rotational discontinuities generated by Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. We estimate a wave length of similar to 6 R(E) and a wave vector with a significant z-component. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, Toulouse, France. RP Nykyri, K (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM k.nykyri@ic.ac.uk OI Nykyri, Katariina/0000-0002-6905-9487 NR 44 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 3 PU COPERNICUS PUBLICATIONS PI KATHLENBURG-LINDAU PA MAX-PLANCK-STR 13, KATHLENBURG-LINDAU, 37191, GERMANY SN 0992-7689 J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY JI Ann. Geophys. PY 2006 VL 24 IS 10 BP 2619 EP 2643 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 110TA UT WOS:000242402000018 ER PT J AU Taubenschuss, U Rucker, HO Kurth, WS Cecconi, B Zarka, P Dougherty, MK Steinberg, JT AF Taubenschuss, U. Rucker, H. O. Kurth, W. S. Cecconi, B. Zarka, P. Dougherty, M. K. Steinberg, J. T. TI Linear prediction studies for the solar wind and Saturn kilometric radiation SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE LA English DT Article DE magnetospheric physics; solar windmagnetosphere interactions; radio science; magnetosphere physics; radio astronomy ID RADIO ASTRONOMY OBSERVATIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; EMISSION; JUPITER; AURORAE; SHOCKS; EARTH; AU AB The external control of Saturn kilometric radiation (SKR) by the solar wind has been investigated in the frame of the Linear Prediction Theory (LPT). The LPT establishes a linear filter function on the basis of correlations between input signals, i.e. time profiles for solar wind parameters, and output signals, i.e. time profiles for SKR intensity. Three different experiments onboard the Cassini spacecraft (RPWS, MAG and CAPS) yield appropriate data sets for compiling the various input and output signals. The time period investigated ranges from DOY 202 to 326, 2004 and is only limited due to limited availability of CAPS plasma data for the solar wind. During this time Cassini was positioned mainly on the morning side on its orbit around Saturn at low southern latitudes. Four basic solar wind quantities have been found to exert a clear influence on the SKR intensity profile. These quantities are: the solar wind bulk velocity, the solar wind ram pressure, the magnetic field strength of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and the y-component of the IMF. All four inputs exhibit nearly the same level of efficiency for the linear prediction indicating that all four inputs are possible drivers for triggering SKR. Further-more, they act at completely different lag times ranging from similar to 13 h for the ram pressure to similar to 52 h for the bulk velocity. The lag time for the magnetic field strength is usually beyond similar to 40 h and the lag time for the y-component of the magnetic field is located around 30 h. Considering that all four solar wind quantities are interrelated in a corotating interaction region, only the influence of the ram pressure seems to be of reasonable relevance. An increase in ram pressure causes a substantial compression of Saturn's magnetosphere leading to tail collapse, injection of hot plasma from the tail into the outer magnetosphere and finally to an intensification of auroral dynamics and SKR emission. So, after the onset of magnetospheric compression at least similar to 1.2 rotations of the planet elapse until intensified SKR emission is visible in a Cassini-RPWS dynamic spectrum. C1 Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Space Res, A-8042 Graz, Austria. Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Observ Paris, Lab Etud Spatiales & Instrumentat Astrophys, F-92195 Meudon, France. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Taubenschuss, U (reprint author), Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Space Res, A-8042 Graz, Austria. EM ulrich.taubenschuss@oeaw.ac.at RI Taubenschuss, Ulrich/E-3739-2015; OI Kurth, William/0000-0002-5471-6202 NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 0992-7689 J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY JI Ann. Geophys. PY 2006 VL 24 IS 11 BP 3139 EP 3150 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 125GS UT WOS:000243431000029 ER PT J AU Lavraud, B Thomsen, MF Wing, S Fujimoto, M Denton, MH Borovsky, JE Aasnes, A Seki, K Weygand, JM AF Lavraud, B. Thomsen, M. F. Wing, S. Fujimoto, M. Denton, M. H. Borovsky, J. E. Aasnes, A. Seki, K. Weygand, J. M. TI Observation of two distinct cold, dense ion populations at geosynchronous orbit: local time asymmetry, solar wind dependence and origin SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE LA English DT Article DE magnetospheric physics; magnetospheric configuration and dynamics; plasma sheet; space plasma physics; transport processes ID MAGNETOSPHERIC PLASMA ANALYZER; MAGNETIC-FIELD; GEOTAIL OBSERVATIONS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SHEET MATERIAL; TAIL; ACCESS; PRECIPITATION; MAGNETOTAIL; SPACECRAFT AB We report on the observation of two distinct cold (T-i < 5 keV), dense (N-i > 2 cm(-3)) ion populations at geosynchronous orbit. A statistical study was performed on measurements from the geosynchronous Los Alamos plasma instruments, for the period 1990-2004, and complemented by corresponding large-scale plasma sheet data obtained by mapping DMSP observations in the tail. The first population, which has previously been reported in several studies, is observed in the midnight region of geosynchronous orbit. The second population, which has drawn less attention, is detected on the dawn side of geosynchronous orbit. No such cold, dense population is observed on the dusk side of geosynchronous orbit on a frequent basis. The temporal evolution of various plasma parameters as a function of local time shows that the two populations appear at geosynchronous orbit as distinct populations, since the appearance of a midnight population is not usually associated with that of a dawn population, and vice versa. The midnight ion population is typically observed after the IMF has been northward for some time and is convected inward toward geosynchronous orbit after an observed mild southward turning of the average IMF. It is interpreted that the source of the midnight population is the cold, dense plasma sheet (CDPS). The dawn-side cold and dense ion population is associated with previously strong southward IMF and consequently occurs during substantial geomagnetic activity. These events are typically observed around the end of the main phase of the corresponding Dst decrease, down to -50 nT on average. It is unlikely that this dawn population is simply the low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL) moving closer to Earth because (1) no symmetric dusk population is observed and (2) on average a small sunward flow (similar to 15 km/s) is observed for those events. The cold, dense population at dawn is thus observed during active times (based on D-st, K-p and A(E) indices) in comparison with the midnight case. However, since the dawn population is observed only around the end of the main D, decrease, it is concluded that this population does not typically contribute to the D-st decrease during the main phase. This population may rather be transported to geosynchronous orbit by means of a compression and convection enhancement in the magnetosphere, with a preferential access from the dawn flank with no apparent counterpart at dusk. DMSP data suggest that a cold and dense plasma source is mainly present at dawn. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 152, Japan. Univ Lancaster, Dept Commun Syst, Lancaster, England. Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Aichi, Japan. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Lavraud, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lavraud@lanl.gov OI Denton, Michael/0000-0002-1748-3710 NR 46 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 0992-7689 J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY JI Ann. Geophys. PY 2006 VL 24 IS 12 BP 3451 EP 3465 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 135IS UT WOS:000244147900022 ER PT J AU Cai, X Henderson, MG Clauer, CR AF Cai, X. Henderson, M. G. Clauer, C. R. TI A statistical study of magnetic dipolarization for sawtooth events and isolated substorms at geosynchronous orbit with GOES data SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE LA English DT Article DE magnetospheric physics; magnetosheath; magnetospheric configuration and dynamics; storms and sub-storms ID MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS; SYNCHRONOUS ORBIT; MAGNETOPAUSE; SIGNATURES; DYNAMICS; ALTITUDE AB We investigate whether the dipolarization process during sawtooth events is global or not through an examination of the local time distribution of the magnetic tilt angle (i.e. the angle between the B vector and the equatorial plane in dipole VDH coordinates) at geostationary orbit. From the statistical analysis of 207 individual teeth and 212 isolated substorms, we find that individual teeth follow a dipolarization pattern similar to that observed for isolated substorms. The dipolarization for individual teeth initiates in the sector between 22:00 magnetic local time (MLT) and 00:00 MLT. Then the dipolarization expands both eastward and westward. However, relative to isolated substorms, we find that the nightside magnetosphere is much more stretched prior to the onset, and the change of the tilt angle during the dipolarization process is much larger during individual teeth. The magnetic dipolarization is seen over a wider local time sector during individual teeth than during isolated substorms. However, the magnetic dipolarization is rarely observed near local noon during individual teeth. This suggests that the magnetic dipolarization process during individual teeth is still confined primarily to the nightside. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Cai, X (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM xcai@umich.edu RI Henderson, Michael/A-3948-2011 OI Henderson, Michael/0000-0003-4975-9029 NR 23 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 0992-7689 EI 1432-0576 J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY JI Ann. Geophys. PY 2006 VL 24 IS 12 BP 3481 EP 3490 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 135IS UT WOS:000244147900024 ER PT S AU Briand, D Campbell, JE AF Briand, Daniel Campbell, James E. GP IEEE TI Real time consequence engine SO ANNUAL RELIABILITY AND MAINTAINABILITY SYMPOSIUM, 2007 PROCEEDINGS SE Reliability and Maintainability Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 53rd Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS) CY JAN 22-25, 2007 CL Orlando, FL DE consequence analysis; health management; prognostics; PHM AB This paper presents a brief overview of a prognostics and health management (PHM) system, the basic capabilities and architecture of the Real Time Consequence Engine (RTCE), and how the RTCE fits into a PHM system. Also, examples of consequence analysis results as applied to a past prototype development effort and the results of ongoing modification efforts to RTCE are presented. By varying operational settings, maintenance schedules, and other parameters of interest, the RTCE can be used to examine the consequences of such actions in terms of common performance metrics; such as, mean time between failures (MTBF), mean time to repair (MTTR), system availability, maintenance cost, downtime cost, etc. In its final form, the RTCE will provide the capability to evaluate the potential cost / benefit of an embedded PHM system, which is considered to be a precursor to implementing a PHM system; and, provide the capability for real-time consequence analysis, which is typically viewed as the final step in the development of a complete PHM system. C1 [Briand, Daniel; Campbell, James E.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800 MS 1011, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Briand, D (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800 MS 1011, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dbriand@sandia.gov; jecampb@sandia.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-144X BN 978-0-7803-9766-8 J9 P REL MAINT S PY 2006 BP 53 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGS99 UT WOS:000250381800010 ER PT S AU Briand, D Campbell, JE Huzurbazar, AV AF Briand, Daniel Campbell, James E. Huzurbazar, Aparna V. GP IEEE TI Updating a user friendly combined lifetime failure distribution SO ANNUAL RELIABILITY AND MAINTAINABILITY SYMPOSIUM, 2007 PROCEEDINGS SE Reliability and Maintainability Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 53rd Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS) CY JAN 22-25, 2007 CL Orlando, FL DE consequence analysis; health management; prognostics; PHM AB The Sandia National Laboratories' developed (C) under baro (m) under bar bined (L) under bar ifecycle (CMBL) distribution provides an application friendly method for characterizing a component's failure or lifecycle distribution. This paper explores methods for updating the CMBL distribution as new data become available. The initial results obtained in applying Method 1, a Bayesian sequential updating methodology, to the CMBL distribution shows some promise. However, additional research is needed for the updating process involved with the random portion of the curve. Future evaluation of Methods 2 and 3 should also provide greater flexibility in the use of the CMBL distribution and with some generalizing modifications, should apply to other sectional time-to-failure (TTF) failure models. The method developed in this effort for updating the CMBL distribution and other TTF distributions, should be valuable in enhancing maintenance planning and real-time situational awareness processes. This method, used in enterprise level and prognostics and health management (PHM) modeling, should more accurately help provide instant feedback on the current status of equipment; provide tactical assessment of the readiness of equipment for the next campaign; identify parts, services, etc. that are likely to be required during the next campaign; provide a realistic basis for scheduling and optimizing equipment maintenance schedules; and help ensure that the useful life of expensive components is maximized while reducing the incidence of unplanned maintenance. C1 [Briand, Daniel; Campbell, James E.; Huzurbazar, Aparna V.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1011, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Briand, D (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1011, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dbriand@sandia.gov; jecampb@sandia.gov; aparna@stat.unm.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-144X BN 978-0-7803-9766-8 J9 P REL MAINT S PY 2006 BP 311 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGS99 UT WOS:000250381800055 ER PT S AU Valeev, EF AF Valeev, Edward F. BE Spellmeyer, DC TI Explicitly Correlated Approaches for Electronic Structure Computations SO ANNUAL REPORTS IN COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY, VOL 2 SE Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COUPLED-CLUSTER CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-TYPE FUNCTIONS; HELIUM-LIKE IONS; GROUND-STATE; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; CORRELATION ENERGIES; HYDROGEN MOLECULE; TRANSCORRELATED METHOD; PERTURBATION-THEORY C1 [Valeev, Edward F.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Computat Mol Sci & Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Valeev, Edward F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Valeev, EF (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Computat Mol Sci & Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1400 BN 978-0-08-046542-5 J9 ANN REP COMP CHEM PY 2006 VL 2 BP 19 EP 33 DI 10.1016/S1574-1400(06)02002-0 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Chemistry; Computer Science GA BCU02 UT WOS:000311389000003 ER PT S AU Tombola, F Pathak, MM Isacoff, EY AF Tombola, Francesco Pathak, Medha M. Isacoff, Ehud Y. TI How does voltage open an ion channel? SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY SE Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE potassium channels; voltage gating; coupling; cooperativity; lipid ID SHAKER K+ CHANNEL; GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL; GATING CHARGE DISPLACEMENT; FOCUSED ELECTRIC-FIELD; SODIUM-CHANNEL; S4 SEGMENT; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PORE DOMAIN; OPEN-STATE; INACTIVATION GATE AB Neurons transmit information through electrical signals generated by voltage-gated ion channels. These channels consist of a large superfamily of proteins that form channels selective for potassium, sodium, or calcium ions. In this review we focus on the molecular mechanisms by which these channels convert changes in membrane voltage into the opening and closing of "gates" that turn ion conductance on and off. An explosion of new studies in the last year, including the first X-ray crystal structure of a mammalian voltage-gated potassium channel, has led to radically different interpretations of the structure and molecular motion of the voltage sensor. The interpretations are as distinct as the techniques employed for the studies: crystallography, fluorescence, accessibility analysis, and electrophysiology. We discuss the likely causes of the discrepant results in an attempt to identify the missing information that will help resolve the controversy and reveal the mechanism by which a voltage sensor controls the channel's gates. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Padua, Dept Biomed Sci, I-35121 Padua, Italy. RP Isacoff, EY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tombolaf@berkeley.edu; medha@socrates.berkeley.edu; ehud@berkeley.edu RI Tombola, Francesco/C-7311-2011 FU NINDS NIH HHS [2R01NS35549-9A2] NR 153 TC 195 Z9 200 U1 6 U2 44 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 1081-0706 BN 978-0-8243-3122-1 J9 ANNU REV CELL DEV BI JI Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. PY 2006 VL 22 BP 23 EP 52 DI 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.21.020404.145837 PG 30 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 109RB UT WOS:000242325100003 PM 16704338 ER PT S AU Nelson, CM Bissell, MJ AF Nelson, Celeste M. Bissell, Mina J. TI Of extracellular matrix, scaffolds, and signaling: Tissue architecture regulates development, homeostasis, and cancer SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY SE Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE tissue context; differentiation; mammary gland; microenvironment; morphogenesis; stromal-epithelial interactions ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; RECONSTITUTED BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; BETA-CASEIN EXPRESSION; HUMAN BREAST-CANCER; GENE-EXPRESSION; BRANCHING MORPHOGENESIS; IN-VIVO; CARCINOMA CELLS; FUNCTIONAL-DIFFERENTIATION AB The microenvironment influences gene expression so that the behavior of a cell is largely determined by its interactions with the extracellular matrix, neighboring cells, and soluble local and systemic cues. We describe the essential roles of context and organ structure in directing mammary gland development and differentiated function and in determining the response to oncogenic insults, including mutations. We expand on the concept of "dynamic reciprocity" to present an integrated view of development, cancer, and aging and posit that genes are like the keys on a piano: Although they are essential, it is the context that makes the music. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nelson, CM (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cmnelson@lbl.gov; mjbissell@lbl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA057621-07, CA57621, CA64786, R01 CA057621, R01 CA064786, R01 CA064786-06, R37 CA064786] NR 163 TC 515 Z9 524 U1 7 U2 86 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 1081-0706 BN 978-0-8243-3122-1 J9 ANNU REV CELL DEV BI JI Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. PY 2006 VL 22 BP 287 EP 309 DI 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.22.010305.104315 PG 23 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 109RB UT WOS:000242325100013 PM 16824016 ER PT S AU Burchell, MJ Graham, G Kearsley, A AF Burchell, Mark J. Graham, Giles Kearsley, Anton TI Cosmic dust collection in aerogel SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES SE Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE hypervelocity; impact; comet; asteroid ID FLUX MONITOR INSTRUMENT; LOW-EARTH-ORBIT; HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT; SILICA AEROGEL; INTERPLANETARY DUST; COMET WILD-2; CAPTURE; PARTICLES; STARDUST; RETURN AB Aerogel is an ultra-low-density material that can be used to capture small particles incident upon it at speeds in excess of 1 km s(-1). This permits capture of cosmic dust in space where the high speeds usually result in destructive impact events. The performance of aerogel in laboratory impact tests is described. Completely intact capture is rare; most studies show that between 10% to 100% of the incident particle's mass is captured. However, in all cases unaltered domains were found in the particles captured in the laboratory at speeds up to 6 or 7 km s(-1). Several analytic techniques can be applied in situ to particles captured in aerogel, yielding data on the preimpact composition of the particle. Extraction techniques for removing small particles from aerogel are described, and after extraction, handling and analysis in the laboratory can proceed as for any small-sized particle. Coupled with the survival of intact regions in the captured particles, this allows detailed identification of the composition of the dust. Examples are given of current space missions using aerogel dust collectors: Data on these will soon be supplemented by cometary dust particles captured in aerogel on the NASA Stardust spacecraft. C1 Univ Kent, Sch Phys Sci, Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NR, Kent, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Nat Hist Museum, Dept Mineral, London SW7 2AZ, England. RP Burchell, MJ (reprint author), Univ Kent, Sch Phys Sci, Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NR, Kent, England. EM m.j.burchell@kent.ac.uk; graham42@llnl.gov; antk@nhm.ac.uk OI Burchell, Mark/0000-0002-2680-8943 NR 78 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 6 U2 31 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0084-6597 BN 978-0-8243-2034-8 J9 ANNU REV EARTH PL SC JI Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. PY 2006 VL 34 BP 385 EP 418 DI 10.1146/annurev.earth.34.031405.124939 PG 34 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA 054MI UT WOS:000238380600014 ER PT S AU Fong, DD Thompson, C AF Fong, Dillon D. Thompson, Carol TI In situ synchrotron X-ray studies of ferroelectric thin films SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MATERIALS RESEARCH SE Annual Review of Materials Research LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE ferroelectric phase transition; size effects; 180 degrees domains; epitaxial growth; surface scattering ID LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE; PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; DOMAIN-STRUCTURE; DEPOLARIZATION FIELD; SUBSTRATE SURFACES; STRONTIUM-TITANATE; PHASE-TRANSITION; CRYSTAL-SURFACES; ELECTRIC-FIELD; DIFFRACTION AB This paper reviews recent in situ studies of ferroelectric thin films using synchrotron X-ray scattering, with an emphasis on single-crystal perovskite films. We describe observations of thin film growth, the ferroelectric phase transition, and structural evolution during ferroelectric switching. The importance of quantitatively characterizing the internal structure of ferroelectric films under controlled electrical and mechanical boundary conditions is discussed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Fong, DD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM fong@anl.gov; cthompson@niu.edu OI Thompson, Carol/0000-0003-3832-4855 NR 102 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 20 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 1531-7331 BN 978-0-8243-1736-2 J9 ANNU REV MATER RES JI Ann. Rev. Mater. Res. PY 2006 VL 36 BP 431 EP 465 DI 10.1146/annurev.matsci.36.090804.100242 PG 35 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 074JC UT WOS:000239807500015 ER PT J AU Geesaman, DF Gelbke, CK Janssens, RVF Sherrill, BM AF Geesaman, D. F. Gelbke, C. K. Janssens, R. V. F. Sherrill, B. M. TI Physics of a rare isotope accelerator SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE SCIENCE SE Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE nuclear structure; nuclear astrophysics; radioactive-beam accelerators ID ODD ELECTROMAGNETIC MOMENTS; GROUND-STATE; MILKY-WAY; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; METAL-POOR; COULOMB DISSOCIATION; ABUNDANCE EVOLUTION; SUPERHEAVY NUCLEI; HEAVIEST ELEMENTS; CROSS-SECTION AB Major progress in nuclear research and in observations of the cosmos has made it clear that critical issues in understanding the nucleus and astrophysical processes require abundant new sources of exotic nuclei, away from the realm of the stable ones. Recent advances in accelerator and isotope-production technology make access to these rare isotopes possible. This review examines the impact of the new reach in physics provided by a rare isotope accelerator in nuclear structure, astrophysics, and searches for physics beyond the standard model. We also touch briefly on some of the benefits of these isotopes for other important societal needs. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Geesaman, DF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM geesaman@anl.gov; gelbke@nscl.msu.edu; janssens@anl.gov; sherrill@nscl.msu.edu RI Sherrill, Bradley/B-4098-2009; Sherrill, Bradley/B-3378-2011 NR 121 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 5 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0163-8998 J9 ANNU REV NUCL PART S JI Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. PY 2006 VL 56 BP 53 EP 92 DI 10.1146/annurev.nucl.55.090704.151604 PG 48 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 115KG UT WOS:000242732600003 ER PT J AU Asztalos, SJ Rosenberg, LJ van Bibber, K Sikivie, P Zioutas, K AF Asztalos, Stephen J. Rosenberg, Leslie J. van Bibber, Karl Sikivie, Pierre Zioutas, Konstantin TI Searches for astrophysical and cosmological axions SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE SCIENCE SE Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE dark matter; RF cavity; solar telescope ID ISOTHERMAL DENSITY PERTURBATIONS; COHERENT PRIMAKOFF CONVERSION; QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE; QCD PHASE-TRANSITION; EXCITED RB RYDBERG; STRONG CP PROBLEM; INVISIBLE-AXION; SOLAR AXIONS; DARK-MATTER; MAGNETIC-FIELD AB The axion, a favored dark matter candidate, is expected to have a very small mass and extraordinarily weak couplings. Although it has eluded discovery or exclusion for three decades, it remains the most compelling solution to the strong-CP problem. Axions may be detected by their resonant conversion to RF photons in a microwave cavity permeated by a magnetic field. Experiments have already set significant limits on the axion's mass and photon coupling; progress in photon detection schemes at or below the standard quantum limit will soon enable definitive searches. Similarly, axions produced in the solar burning core may be detectable by their conversion to X rays in a magnetic helioscope. Significant improvements in both mass range and sensitivity of the axion helioscope will likewise be forthcoming in the next few years. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Patras, GR-26500 Patras, Greece. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP Asztalos, SJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM asztalos1@llnl.gov; ljrosenberg@llnl.gov; vanbibber1@llnl.gov; sikivie@phys.ufl.edu; zioutas@cern.ch NR 147 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 5 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0163-8998 J9 ANNU REV NUCL PART S JI Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. PY 2006 VL 56 BP 293 EP 326 DI 10.1146/annurev.nucl.56.080805.140513 PG 42 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 115KG UT WOS:000242732600009 ER PT J AU Page, D Reddy, S AF Page, Dany Reddy, Sanjay TI Dense matter in compact stars: Theoretical developments and observational constraints SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE SCIENCE SE Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE neutron stars; phase transitions; quantum chromodynamics (QCD); superconductivity ID X-RAY TRANSIENT; MAGNETIC NEUTRON-STARS; 2-FLAVOR COLOR SUPERCONDUCTOR; 1ST-ORDER PHASE-TRANSITIONS; OPTICAL LIGHT CURVES; DIRECT URCA PROCESS; EQUATION-OF-STATE; QUARK MATTER; NUCLEAR-MATTER; MODEL ATMOSPHERES AB We review theoretical developments in studies of dense matter and its phase structure of relevance to compact stars. Observational data on compact stars, which can constrain the properties of dense matter, are presented critically and interpreted. C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Page, D (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM page@astroscu.unam.mx; reddy@lanl.gov NR 216 TC 110 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 5 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0163-8998 J9 ANNU REV NUCL PART S JI Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. PY 2006 VL 56 BP 327 EP 374 DI 10.1146/annurev.nucl.56.080805.140600 PG 52 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 115KG UT WOS:000242732600010 ER PT J AU Hocker, A Ligeti, Z AF Hoecker, Andreas Ligeti, Zoltan TI CP violation and the CKM matrix SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE SCIENCE SE Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE B physics; B-factories; flavor physics; global CKM fit; weak interaction; new physics ID UB-VERTICAL-BAR; KOBAYASHI-MASKAWA MATRIX; B-MESON DECAYS; SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; COLLINEAR EFFECTIVE THEORY; MINIMAL FLAVOR VIOLATION; INCLUSIVE SEMILEPTONIC-B; 2-LOOP QCD CORRECTIONS; EFFECTIVE-FIELD-THEORY; NEUTRAL-KAON SYSTEM AB Our knowledge of quark-flavor physics and CP violation has increased tremendously over the past five years. It is confirmed that the Standard Model correctly describes the dominant parts of the observed CP-violating and flavor-changing phenomena. Not only does CP violation provide some of the most precise constraints on the flavor sector, but several measurements performed at the B-factories achieved much better precision than expected. We review the present status of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix and CP violation, recollect the relevant experimental and theoretical inputs, display the results from the global CKM fit, and discuss their implications for the Standard Model and some of its extensions. C1 CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Hocker, A (reprint author), CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. EM Andreas.Hoecker@cern.ch; ligeti@lbl.gov NR 306 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 4 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0163-8998 J9 ANNU REV NUCL PART S JI Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. PY 2006 VL 56 BP 501 EP 567 DI 10.1146/annurev.nucl.56.080805.140456 PG 67 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 115KG UT WOS:000242732600013 ER PT S AU Elles, CG Crim, FF AF Elles, Christopher G. Crim, F. Fleming TI Connecting chemical dynamics in gases and liquids SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY SE Annual Review of Physical Chemistry LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE chemical reaction dynamics; ultrafast spectroscopy; molecular energy transfer; photodissociation; bimolecular reactions ID VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY FLOW; TIME PHOTODISSOCIATION DYNAMICS; RAMAN INTENSITY ANALYSIS; TRANSIENT ELECTRONIC ABSORPTION; FRAGMENT ROTATIONAL-DYNAMICS; HIGHLY EXCITED AZULENE; SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; SOLUTION-PHASE; TERMINAL ACETYLENES AB Modern ultrafast spectroscopic techniques provide new opportunities to study chemical reaction dynamics in liquids and hold the possibility of obtaining Much of the same detailed information available in gases. Vibrational energy transfer studies are the most advanced of the investigations and demonstrate that it is possible to observe state-specific pathways of energy flow within a vibrationally excited molecule (intramolecular vibrational relaxation) and into the surrounding solvent molecules (intermolecular energy transfer). Energy transfer in liquids and gases share many common aspects. but the presence of the solvent also alters the relaxation in both obvious and Subtle ways. Photodissociation is amenable to similarly detailed Study in liquids, and there are informative new measurements. Bimolecular reactions have received the least attention in state-resolved measurements in liquids, but the means to carry them much further now exist. Studying photodissociation and bimolecular reaction of molecules prepared with initial vibrational excitation in liquids is a realistic, but challenging, goal. C1 Univ So Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Elles, CG (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM elles@anl.gov; fcrim@chem.wisc.edu RI Elles, Christopher/C-3906-2008 NR 131 TC 92 Z9 93 U1 2 U2 47 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-426X BN 978-0-8243-1057-8 J9 ANNU REV PHYS CHEM JI Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. PY 2006 VL 57 BP 273 EP 302 DI 10.1146/annurev.physchem.57.032905.104538 PG 30 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 044JO UT WOS:000237668700010 PM 16599812 ER PT J AU Squier, TC AF Squier, TC TI Redox modulation of cellular metabolism through targeted degradation of signaling proteins by the proteasome SO ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING LA English DT Review ID MEMBRANE CA-ATPASE; METHIONINE SULFOXIDE REDUCTASE; HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN; 20 S PROTEASOME; CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT ACTIVATION; OXIDATIVELY MODIFIED CALMODULIN; I ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; MULTICATALYTIC PROTEINASE; OXIDIZED CALMODULIN; SELECTIVE DEGRADATION AB Under conditions of oxidative stress, the 20S proteasome plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis through the selective degradation of oxidized and damaged proteins. This adaptive stress response is distinct from ubiquitin-dependent pathways in that oxidized proteins are recognized and degraded in an ATPindependent mechanism, which can involve the molecular chaperone Hsp90. Like the regulatory complexes 19S and 11S REG, Hsp90 tightly associates with the 20S proteasome to mediate the recognition of aberrant proteins for degradation. In the case of the calcium signaling protein calmodulin, proteasomal degradation results from the oxidation of a single surface exposed methionine (i.e., Met(145)); oxidation of the other eight methionines has a minimal effect on the recognition and degradation of calmodulin by the proteasome. Since cellular concentrations of calmodulin are limiting, the targeted degradation of this critical signaling protein under conditions of oxidative stress will result in the downregulation of cellular metabolism, serving as a feedback regulation to diminish the generation of reactive oxygen species. The targeted degradation of critical signaling proteins, such as calmodulin, can function as sensors of oxidative stress to downregulate global rates of metabolism and enhance cellular survival. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Cell Biol & Biochem Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Cell Biol & Biochem Grp, POB 999,Mail Stop P7-53, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM thomas.squier@pnl.gov FU NIA NIH HHS [AG12993, AG17996] NR 105 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1523-0864 EI 1557-7716 J9 ANTIOXID REDOX SIGN JI Antioxid. Redox Signal. PD JAN-FEB PY 2006 VL 8 IS 1-2 BP 217 EP 228 DI 10.1089/ars.2006.8.217 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 034XK UT WOS:000236964000022 PM 16487055 ER PT J AU Wu, G Nie, L Zhang, WW AF Wu, G Nie, L Zhang, WW TI Predicted highly expressed genes in Nocardia farcinica and the implication for its primary metabolism and nocardial virulence SO ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE codon adaptation index; gene expression; Nocardia farcinica ID STREPTOMYCES-COELICOLOR A3(2); SYNONYMOUS CODON USAGE; METHYLMALONYL-COENZYME-A; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; SIGMA-FACTOR SIGMA(S); MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MONENSIN BIOSYNTHESIS; ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; RESPECTIVE CODONS AB Nocardia farcinica is a Gram positive, filamentous bacterium, and is considered an opportunistic pathogen. In this study, the highly expressed genes in N. farcinica were predicted using the codon adaptation index (CAI) as a numerical estimator of gene expressivity. Using ribosomal protein (RP) genes as references, the top similar to 10% of the genes were predicted to be the predicted highly expressed (PHX) genes in N. farcinica using a CAI cutoff of greater than 0.73. Consistent with earlier analysis of Streptomyces genomes, most of the PHX genes in N. farcinica were involved in various 'house-keeping' functions important for cell growth. However, 15 genes putatively involved in nocardial virulence were predicted as PHX genes in N. farcinica, which included genes encoding four Mce proteins, cyclopropane fatty acid synthase which is involved in the modification of cell wall which may be important for nocardia virulence, polyketide synthase PKS13 for mycolic acid synthesis and a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase involved in biosynthesis of a mycobactin-related siderophore. In addition, multiple genes involved in defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the phagocyte were predicted with high expressivity, which included alkylhydroperoxide reductase (ahpC), catalase (katG), superoxide dismutase (sodF), thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase, suggesting that combating against ROS is essential for survival of N. farcinica in host cells. The study also showed that the distribution of PHX genes in the N. farcinica circular chromosome was uneven, with more PHX genes located in the regions close to replication initiation site. The results provided the first estimates of global gene expression patterns in N. farcinica, which will be useful in guiding experimental design for further investigations. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Microbiol, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Sci Biol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. Georgetown Univ, Dept Biostat Bioinformat & Biomath, Washington, DC 20057 USA. RP Zhang, WW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Microbiol, 902 Battelle Blvd,999 Richland, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Weiwen.Zhang@pnl.gov NR 53 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-6072 J9 ANTON LEEUW INT J G JI Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek PD JAN PY 2006 VL 89 IS 1 BP 135 EP 146 DI 10.1007/s10482-005-9016-z PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 042DU UT WOS:000237508800015 PM 16496092 ER PT S AU Ozpineci, B Chinthavali, MS Tolbert, LM Kashyap, A Mantooth, HA AF Ozpineci, B Chinthavali, MS Tolbert, LM Kashyap, A Mantooth, HA GP IEEE TI A 55 kW three-phase inverter with SiIGBTs and SiC Schottky diodes SO APEC 2006: TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, VOLS 1-3 SE Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC 2006) CY MAR 19-23, 2006 CL Dallas, TX SP IEEE, PELS, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, Power Sources Manufacturers Assoc AB Silicon carbide (SIC) power devices are expected to have an impact on power converter efficiency, weight, volume, and reliability. Presently, only SiC Schottky diodes are commercially available at relatively low current ratings. Oak Ridge National Laboratory has collaborated with Cree and Semikron to build a Si IGBT-SiC Schottky diode hybrid 55kW inverter by replacing the Si pn diodes in Semikron's automotive inverter with Cree's made-to-order higher current SiC Schottky diodes. This paper presents the developed models of these diodes for circuit simulators, shows inverter test results, and compares the results to those of a similar all-Si inverter. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Elect Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1048-2334 BN 0-7803-9547-6 J9 APPL POWER ELECT CO PY 2006 BP 448 EP 454 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BEB94 UT WOS:000236635700069 ER PT S AU Olson, ER Lorenz, RD AF Olson, ER Lorenz, RD GP IEEE TI Using the dynamic behavior of superimposed fields for point field-based current sensing SO APEC 2006: TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, VOLS 1-3 SE Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC 2006) CY MAR 19-23, 2006 CL Dallas, TX SP IEEE, PELS, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, Power Sources Manufacturers Assoc AB The dynamic behavior of magnetic fields surrounding adjacent current carrying conductors is investigated for the purpose of point field-based current sensing. The influence of eddy currents on magnetic field distribution over the useful spectrum (DC to 1 MHz) is quantified using a spatiallly dependent metric, the 5% Flat Bandwidth (FBW). A comparison of field distributions at DC and 1 MHz show the origin of the FBW function, which is unique to each conductor's cross-section and nearby environment. The FBW fields for several different conductor geometries are analyzed. Superposition is used for conductor geometries that have multiple currents. A method for determining optimal field detector placement using optimization functions is introduced. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque 87123, NM USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque 87123, NM USA. EM erolson2@wisc.edu NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1048-2334 BN 0-7803-9547-6 J9 APPL POWER ELECT CO PY 2006 BP 580 EP 586 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BEB94 UT WOS:000236635700090 ER PT B AU Su, GJ AF Su, GJ GP IEEE TI Pulse-width-modulation schemes for an integrated traction and compressor drive system SO APEC 2006: Twenty-First Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, Vols 1-3 SE Annual IEEE Conference on Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC 2006) CY MAR 19-23, 2006 CL Dallas, TX SP IEEE, PELS, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, Power Sources Manufacturers Assoc DE EV/HEV traction drive; EV/HEV compressor drive; five-leg inverter; two-phase motor; zero-sequence current AB This paper presents pulse-width-modulation schemes for an integrated traction and compressor drive system for automotive applications. The integrated drive system employs a five-leg inverter to control a three-phase traction motor and a two-phase compressor motor and can significantly reduce the component count of the compressor drive for heating, ventilating and air-conditioning in fuel cell and hybrid electric vehicles. Because the common terminal of the two-phase motor is tied to the neutral point of the three-phase traction motor, PWM schemes that generate a zero-sequence voltage to the three-phase motor may produce an unwanted zero-sequence current. This paper presents PWM strategies for the two-phase motor to avoid this zero-sequence current and discusses in detail three commonly used three-phase PWM schemes. Experimental results are included to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Su, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-9547-6 J9 APPL POWER ELECT CO PY 2006 BP 640 EP 645 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BEB94 UT WOS:000236635700099 ER PT S AU Bowers, JS Hardy, DB AF Bowers, JS Hardy, DB GP IEEE TI Fault tree analysis of prismatic lithium thibnyl chloride (Li/SOC1(2)) battery cells - Phase 1 SO APEC 2006: TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, VOLS 1-3 SE Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC 2006) CY MAR 19-23, 2006 CL Dallas, TX SP IEEE, PELS, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, Power Sources Manufacturers Assoc AB This paper addresses and presents the initial key findings of a fault tree analysis, which was conducted in Phase 1 of a project to address the reliability of prismatic lithium thionyl chloride (Li/SOCl2) battery cells. These types of battery cells are typically used in a large range of battery products, from OEM applications to military applications [5], [7]. Specialized high-power, high current, high rate lithium batteries, based upon non-aqueous liquid (i.e., thionyl chloride) cathodes can be found in aerospace and military applications where high energy density is required for critical mission requirements [1], [6], [7], [10]. The initial description of the Fault Tree Analysis (i.e., the translation of the failure behavior of a physical system into a visual diagram) is covered in this paper. However, the "logic model" aspect of the FTA will be addressed in the future (i.e., in Phase 2). C1 Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA. FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04- 94AL85000] FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company for the United States Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04- 94AL85000. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1048-2334 BN 0-7803-9547-6 J9 APPL POWER ELECT CO PY 2006 BP 1276 EP 1279 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BEB94 UT WOS:000236635700196 ER PT S AU Love, NS Kamath, C AF Love, Nicole S. Kamath, Chandrika BE Tescher, AG TI An experimental comparison of block matching techniques for detection of moving objects - art. no. 63120C SO Applications of Digital Image Processing XXIX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Applications of Digital Image Processing XXIX CY AUG 15-17, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE block matching; moving object detection ID MOTION ESTIMATION; SEARCH ALGORITHM AB The detection of moving objects in complex scenes is the basis of many applications in surveillance, event detection, and tracking. Complex scenes are difficult to analyze due to camera noise and lighting conditions. Currently, moving objects are detected primarily using background subtraction algorithms, with block matching techniques as an alternative. In this paper, we complement our earlier work on the comparison of background subtraction methods by performing a similar study of block matching techniques. Block matching techniques first divide a frame of a video into blocks and then determine where each block has moved from in the preceding frame. These techniques are composed of three main components: block determination, which specifies the blocks; search methods, which specify where to look for a match; and, the matching criteria, which determine when a good match has been found. In our study, we compare various options for each component using publicly available video sequences of a traffic intersection taken under different traffic and weather conditions. Our results indicate that a simple block determination approach is significantly faster with minimum performance reduction, the three step search method detects more moving objects, and the mean-squared-difference matching criteria provides the best performance overall. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Love, NS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6391-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6312 BP C3120 EP C3120 AR 63120C DI 10.1117/12.680626 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BFG58 UT WOS:000241729400011 ER PT S AU Gofron, KJ Lazarski, K Molitsky, M Joachimiak, A AF Gofron, Kazimierz J. Lazarski, Krzysztof Molitsky, Michael Joachimiak, Andrzej BE Tescher, AG TI Biological crystal alignment using image processing - art. no. 63121W SO Applications of Digital Image Processing XXIX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Applications of Digital Image Processing XXIX CY AUG 15-17, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE crystal centering; image recognition; crystal structures; macromolecular crystallography; protein crystallography; X-ray beamline; synchrotron ID PROTEIN CRYSTALS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; AUTOMATION; BEAMLINE AB Crystal location and alignment to the x-ray beam is an enabling technology necessary for automation of the macromolecular crystallography at synchrotron beamlines. In a process of crystal structure determination, a small size x-ray synchrotron beam with FWHM as small as 70 mu m (bending magnet beamlines) and 20 gm (undulator beamlines) is focused at or downstream of the crystal sample. Protein crystals used in structure determination become smaller and approach 50 gm or less, and need to be precisely placed in the focused x-ray beam. At the Structural Biology Center the crystals are mounted on a goniostat, allowing precise crystal xyz positioning and rotations. One low and two high magnification cameras integrated into synchrotron beamline permit imaging of the crystal mounted on a goniostat. The crystals are held near liquid nitrogen temperatures using cryostream to control secondary radiation damage. Image processing techniques are used for automatic and precise placing of protein crystals in synchrotron beam. Here we are discussing automatic crystal centering process considered for Structure Biology Center utilizing several image processing techniques. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gofron, KJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6391-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6312 BP W3121 EP W3121 AR 63121W DI 10.1117/12.706125 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BFG58 UT WOS:000241729400057 ER PT J AU Brown, SD Martin, M Deshpande, S Seal, S Huang, K Alm, E Yang, YF Wu, LY Yan, TF Liu, XD Arkin, A Chourey, K Zhou, JZ Thompson, DK AF Brown, SD Martin, M Deshpande, S Seal, S Huang, K Alm, E Yang, YF Wu, LY Yan, TF Liu, XD Arkin, A Chourey, K Zhou, JZ Thompson, DK TI Cellular response of Shewanella oneidensis to strontium stress SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS; MICROBIAL REDUCTION; FE(III) OXIDE; IRON; BACTERIA; MANGANESE; PUTREFACIENS; SIDEROPHORE; RESISTANCE AB The physiology and transcriptome dynamics of the metal ion-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1 in response to nonradioactive strontium (Sr) exposure were investigated. Studies indicated that MR-1 was able to grow aerobically in complex medium in the presence of 180 mM SrCl2, but showed severe growth inhibition at levels above that concentration. Temporal gene expression profiles were generated from aerobically grown, mid-exponential-phase MR-1 cells shocked with 180 mM SrCl2, and analyzed for significant differences in mRNA abundance with reference to data for nonstressed MR-1 cells. Genes with annotated functions in siderophore biosynthesis and iron transport were among the most highly induced (> 100-fold [P < 0.05]) open reading frames in response to acute Sr stress, and a mutant (SO3032::pKNOCK) defective in siderophore production was found to be hypersensitive to SrCl2 exposure, compared to parental and wild-type strains. Transcripts encoding multidrug and heavy metal efflux pumps, proteins involved in osmotic adaptation, sulfate ABC transporters, and assimilative sulfur metabolism enzymes also were differentially expressed following Sr exposure but at levels that were several orders of magnitude lower than those for iron transport genes. Precipitate formation was observed during aerobic growth of MR-1 in broth cultures amended with 50, 100, or 150 mM SrCl2, but not in cultures of the SO3032::pKNOCK mutant or in the abiotic control. Chemical analysis of this precipitate using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and static secondary ion mass spectrometry indicated extracellular solid-phase sequestration of Sr, with at least a portion of the heavy metal associated with carbonate phases. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Cent Florida, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Virtual Inst Microbial Stress & Surv, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Thompson, DK (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 1-118 Lilly Hall Life Sci,915 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM dthomps@purdue.edu RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; Martin, Madhavi/A-5268-2011; Yang, Yunfeng/H-9853-2013; Brown, Steven/A-6792-2011; OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Yang, Yunfeng/0000-0001-8274-6196; Brown, Steven/0000-0002-9281-3898; , /0000-0002-9216-3813; Martin, Madhavi/0000-0002-6677-2180 NR 51 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 72 IS 1 BP 890 EP 900 DI 10.1128/AEM.72.1.890-900.2006 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 003DW UT WOS:000234662800112 PM 16391131 ER PT J AU Dubinskij, AA Utschig, LM Poluektov, OG AF Dubinskij, A. A. Utschig, L. M. Poluektov, O. G. TI Spin-correlated radical pairs: The differential effect in high-field ENDOR spectra SO APPLIED MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS; ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; EPR SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSFER PATHWAYS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PULSED ENDOR; ESEEM; STATES AB A complete theoretical treatment of the new effect observed in high-field (HF) time-resolved electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectra of the spin-correlated radical pair (SCRP) state is presented here. This effect was recently reported for the transient charge-separated state P(865)(+)Q(A)(-) in purple photosynthetic reaction center proteins. One characteristic feature of this new phenomenon is the presence of specific, derivative-type lines in the ENDOR spectra. These lines can be explained by taking into account both a correlation between the electron spins of the photogenerated radical pairs and weak spin-spin interactions within these pairs. This correlation separates the emissive and absorptive lines and results in a differential effect. This effect is enhanced at HF, thus simplifying the analytical description of spectral structure, symmetry features, and interaction parameter dependence. The theoretical analysis presented here demonstrates that only particular nuclei which are essentially coupled to both correlated electron spins contribute to the derivative spectra. The differential effect in SCRP ENDOR manifests remarkable sensitivity to very small "secondary" hyperfine interactions that are usually unresolved in conventional thermalized ENDOR spectra. Application of this theory to experimental SCRP ENDOR spectra will offer a unique look at the internal structure of supramolecular complexes and provide a novel approach for probing electron transfer pathways in natural and artificial photosynthetic assemblies. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Chem Phys, Moscow 109017, Russia. RP Poluektov, OG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM oleg@anl.gov NR 34 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0937-9347 EI 1613-7507 J9 APPL MAGN RESON JI Appl. Magn. Reson. PY 2006 VL 30 IS 3-4 BP 269 EP 286 DI 10.1007/BF03166201 PG 18 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 126XL UT WOS:000243548800003 ER PT J AU Maryasov, AG Bowman, MK Tsvetkov, YD AF Maryasov, A. G. Bowman, M. K. Tsvetkov, Yu. D. TI Dipole-dipole interactions of high-spin paramagnetic centers in disordered systems SO APPLIED MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article ID EIGENVALUE PROBLEM; EPR SPECTROSCOPY; RESONANCE; DISTANCES; SPECTRA; FIELD; I=1 AB Dipole-dipole interactions between distant paramagnetic centers (PCs) where at least one PC has spin S > 1/2 are examined. The results provide a basis for the application of pulsed electron-electron double resonance method to the measurement of distances between PCs involving high-spin species. A projection operator technique based on spectral decomposition of the secular Hamiltonian is used to calculate electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) line splitting caused by the dipole coupling, This allows calculation of operators projecting an arbitrary wave function onto high-spin PC eigenstates when the eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian are not known. The effective spin vectors - that is, the expectation values for vector spin operators in the PC eigenstates - are calculated. The dependence of these effective spin vectors on the external magnetic field is calculated. There is a qualitative difference between pairs having at least one integer spin (non-Kramers PC) and pairs of two half-integer (Kramers PC) spins. With the help of these effective spin vectors, the dipolar line shape of EPR lines is calculated. Analytical relations are obtained for PCs with spin S = 1/2 and 1. The dependence of Pake patterns on variations of zero-field splitting, Zeeman energy, temperature and dipolar coupling are illustrated. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Chem Kinet & Combust, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Battelle Pacific NW Labs, Struct Biol & Microimaging, Richland, WA USA. RP Maryasov, AG (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Chem Kinet & Combust, Inst Skaya Ulitsa 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. EM maryasov@kinetics.nsc.ru RI Bowman, Michael/F-4265-2011 OI Bowman, Michael/0000-0003-3464-9409 NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0937-9347 EI 1613-7507 J9 APPL MAGN RESON JI Appl. Magn. Reson. PY 2006 VL 30 IS 3-4 BP 683 EP 702 DI 10.1007/BF03166227 PG 20 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 126XL UT WOS:000243548800029 ER PT S AU Grigoriev, IV Martinez, DA Salamov, AA AF Grigoriev, Igor V. Martinez, Diego A. Salamov, Asaf A. BE Arora, DK Berka, RM Singh, GB TI Fungal Genomic Annotation SO APPLIED MYCOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, VOL 6: BIOINFORMATICS SE Applied Mycology and Biotechnology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENTS; SECRETED PROTEINS; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; WHOLE GENOMES; PSEUDOGENES; PREDICTION; EVOLUTION; DATABASE AB Sequencing technology in the last decade has advanced at an incredible pace. Currently there are hundreds of microbial genomes available with more still to come. Automated genome annotation aims to analyze this amount of sequence data in a high-throughput fashion and help researches to understand the biology of these organisms. Manual curation of automatically annotated genomes validates the predictions and set up 'gold' standards for improving the methodologies used. Here we review the methods and tools used for annotation of fungal genomes in different genome sequencing centers. C1 [Martinez, Diego A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Joint Genome Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Grigoriev, Igor V.; Salamov, Asaf A.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Martinez, DA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Joint Genome Inst, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ivgrigoriev@lbl.gov; admar@lanl.gov; AASalamov@lbl.gov NR 78 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-5334 BN 978-0-08-046132-8 J9 APPL MYCOL BIOTECH PY 2006 VL 6 BP 123 EP 142 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mycology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mycology GA BCK26 UT WOS:000310438100006 ER PT J AU Oldham, SM Scott, BL Oldham, WJ AF Oldham, SM Scott, BL Oldham, WJ TI Reaction of the N-heterocyclic carbene, 1,3-dimesityl-imidazol-2-ylidene, with a uranyl triflate complex, UO2(OTf)(2)(thf)(3) SO APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE uranyl; triflate; tetrahydrofuran; N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC); oxidation ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; IONIC LIQUIDS; COORDINATION; CHEMISTRY; U(OTF)(4) AB The N-heterocyclic carbene, 1,3-dimesityl-imidazol-2-ylidene (IMes) reacts with tetrahydrofuran (THF) in the presence of an oxidizing uranyl triflate complex, UO2(OTf)(2)(thf)(3) (-OTf = -OSO2CF3), to give 1,4-bis(1,3-dimesityl-2-imidazolium)-1,3-butadiene bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate), formally understood as the coupling product of two equivalents of IMes with [CH = CH - CH = CH](OTf)(2). Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Oldham, WJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Mail Stop J-514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM woldham@lanl.gov RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017; OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396; Oldham, Warren/0000-0002-0997-2653 NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0268-2605 EI 1099-0739 J9 APPL ORGANOMET CHEM JI Appl. Organomet. Chem. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 1 BP 39 EP 43 DI 10.1002/aoc.1008 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 003JE UT WOS:000234677100007 ER PT S AU Yang, C Gao, WG Bai, ZJ Li, XYS Lee, LQ Husbands, P Ng, EG AF Yang, C Gao, WG Bai, ZJ Li, XYS Lee, LQ Husbands, P Ng, EG BE Dongarra, J Madsen, K Wasniewski, J TI Algebraic sub-structuring for electromagnetic applications SO APPLIED PARALLEL COMPUTING: STATE OF THE ART IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on State of the Art in Scientific Computing CY JUN 20-23, 2004 CL Lyngby, DENMARK SP Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Informat & Math Modelling, High Performance Comp, Numerical Algorithms Grp Ltd, Comsol A/S Denmark, Sun Microsyst Denmark, UNI C Danish Comp Ctr Denmark, Microsoft Denmark, IBM, Denmark AB Algebraic sub-structuring refers to the process of applying matrix reordering and partitioning algorithms to divide a large sparse matrix into smaller submatrices from which a subset of spectral components are extracted and combined to form approximate solutions to the original problem. In this paper, we show that algebraic sub-structuring can be effectively used to solve generalized eigenvalue problems arising from the finite element analysis of an accelerator structure. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Yang, C (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM CYang@lbl.gov; WGGao@lbl.gov; bai@cs.ucdavis.edu; XSLi@lbl.gov; liequan@slac.stanford.edu; PJRHusbands@lbl.gov; EGNg@lbl.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-29067-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 3732 BP 364 EP 373 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEE79 UT WOS:000237003200043 ER PT S AU Hill, C DeLuca, C Balaji, V Suarez, M da Silva, A Sawyer, W Cruz, C Trayanov, A Zaslavsky, L Hallberg, R Boville, B Craig, A Collins, N Kluzek, E Michalakes, J Neckels, D Schwab, E Smithline, S Wolfe, J Iredell, M Yang, WY Jacob, R Larson, J AF Hill, C DeLuca, C Balaji, V Suarez, M da Silva, A Sawyer, W Cruz, C Trayanov, A Zaslavsky, L Hallberg, R Boville, B Craig, A Collins, N Kluzek, E Michalakes, J Neckels, D Schwab, E Smithline, S Wolfe, J Iredell, M Yang, WY Jacob, R Larson, J BE Dongarra, J Madsen, K Wasniewski, J TI Implementing applications with the Earth System Modeling Framework SO APPLIED PARALLEL COMPUTING: STATE OF THE ART IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on State of the Art in Scientific Computing CY JUN 20-23, 2004 CL Lyngby, DENMARK SP Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Informat & Math Modelling, High Performance Comp, Numerical Algorithms Grp Ltd, Comsol A/S Denmark, Sun Microsyst Denmark, UNI C Danish Comp Ctr Denmark, Microsoft Denmark, IBM, Denmark ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS AB The Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF) project is developing a standard software platform for Earth system models. The standard defines a component architecture superstructure and a support infrastructure. The superstructure allows earth scientists to develop complex software models with numerous components in a coordinated fashion. The infrastructure allows models to run efficiently on high performance computers. It offers capabilities that are commonly needed in Earth Science applications, for example, support for a broad range of discrete grids, regridding functions, and a distributed grid class which represents the data decomposition. We illustrate these features through a simplified finite-volume atmospheric model, and report the parallel performance of the underlying ESMF components. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Hill, C (reprint author), MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM sawyer@env.ethz.ch NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-29067-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 3732 BP 563 EP 572 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEE79 UT WOS:000237003200067 ER PT S AU Heroux, MA Sala, M AF Heroux, MA Sala, M BE Dongarra, J Madsen, K Wasniewski, J TI The design of Trilinos SO APPLIED PARALLEL COMPUTING: STATE OF THE ART IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on State of the Art in Scientific Computing CY JUN 20-23, 2004 CL Lyngby, DENMARK SP Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Informat & Math Modelling, High Performance Comp, Numerical Algorithms Grp Ltd, Comsol A/S Denmark, Sun Microsyst Denmark, UNI C Danish Comp Ctr Denmark, Microsoft Denmark, IBM, Denmark AB The Trilinos Project is an effort to facilitate the design, development, integration and ongoing support of mathematical software libraries within an object-oriented framework for the solution of large-scale, complex multi-physics engineering and scientific problems. Trilinos is a two-level software structure, designed around a collection of packages. Each package focuses on a particular area of research, such as linear and nonlinear solver or algebraic preconditioners, and is usually developed by a small team of experts in this particular area of research. Packages exist underneath the Trilinos top level, which provides a common look-and-feel, including configuration, documentation, licensing, and bug-tracking. In this paper we present the Trilinos design and an overview of the Trilinos packages. We discuss about the package interoperability and interdependence, and the Trilinos software engineering environment for developers. We also discuss how Trilinos facilitates high-quality software engineering practices that are increasingly required from simulation software. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Heroux, MA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM maherou@sandia.gov; msala@sandia.gov OI Heroux, Michael/0000-0002-5893-0273 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-29067-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 3732 BP 620 EP 628 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEE79 UT WOS:000237003200074 ER PT S AU Norris, B AF Norris, B BE Dongarra, J Madsen, K Wasniewski, J TI Software architecture issues in scientific component development SO APPLIED PARALLEL COMPUTING: STATE OF THE ART IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on State of the Art in Scientific Computing CY JUN 20-23, 2004 CL Lyngby, DENMARK SP Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Informat & Math Modelling, High Performance Comp, Numerical Algorithms Grp Ltd, Comsol A/S Denmark, Sun Microsyst Denmark, UNI C Danish Comp Ctr Denmark, Microsoft Denmark, IBM, Denmark AB Commercial component-based software engineering practices, such as the CORBA component model, Enterprise JavaBeans, and COM, are well established in the business computing community. These practices present an approach for managing the increasing complexity of scientific software development, which has motivated the Common Component Architecture (CCA), a component specification targeted at high-performance scientific application development. The CCA is an approach to component development that is minimal in terms of the complexity of component interface requirements and imposes a minimal performance penalty. While this lightweight specification has enabled the development of a number of high-performance scientific components in several domains, the software design process for developing component-based scientific codes is not yet well defined. This fact, coupled with the fact that component-based approaches are still new to the scientific community, may lead to an ad hoe design process, potentially resulting in code that is harder to maintain, extend, and test and may negatively affect performance. We explore some concepts and approaches based on widely accepted software architecture design principles and discuss their potential application in the development of high-performance scientific component applications. We particularly emphasize those principles and approaches that contribute to making CCA-based applications easier to design., implement, and maintain, as well as enabling dynamic adaptivity with the goal of maximizing performance. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Norris, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM norris@mcs.anl.gov NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-29067-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 3732 BP 629 EP 636 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEE79 UT WOS:000237003200075 ER PT S AU Sosonkina, M AF Sosonkina, M BE Dongarra, J Madsen, K Wasniewski, J TI Runtime software techniques for enhancing high-performance applications: An introduction SO APPLIED PARALLEL COMPUTING: STATE OF THE ART IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on State of the Art in Scientific Computing CY JUN 20-23, 2004 CL Lyngby, DENMARK SP Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Informat & Math Modelling, High Performance Comp, Numerical Algorithms Grp Ltd, Comsol A/S Denmark, Sun Microsyst Denmark, UNI C Danish Comp Ctr Denmark, Microsoft Denmark, IBM, Denmark C1 Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Sosonkina, M (reprint author), Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM masha@scl.ameslab.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-29067-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 3732 BP 690 EP 690 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEE79 UT WOS:000237003200083 ER PT S AU Sosonkina, M AF Sosonkina, Masha BE Dongarra, J Madsen, K Wasniewski, J TI Adapting distributed scientific applications to run-time network conditions SO APPLIED PARALLEL COMPUTING: STATE OF THE ART IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on State of the Art in Scientific Computing CY JUN 20-23, 2004 CL Lyngby, DENMARK SP Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Informat & Math Modelling, High Performance Comp, Numerical Algorithms Grp Ltd, Comsol A/S Denmark, Sun Microsyst Denmark, UNI C Danish Comp Ctr Denmark, Microsoft Denmark, IBM, Denmark AB High-performance applications place great demands on computation and communication resources of distributed computing platforms. If the availability of resources changes dynamically, the application performance may suffer., which is especially true for clusters. Thus, it is desirable to make an application aware of system run-time changes and to adapt it dynamically to the new conditions. We show how this may be done using a helper tool (middleware NICAN). In our experiments, NICAN implements a packet probing technique to detect contention on cluster nodes while a distributed iterative linear system solver from the pARMS package is executing. Adapting the solver to the discovered network conditions may result in faster iterative convergence. C1 Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Sosonkina, M (reprint author), Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM masha@scl.ameslab.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-29067-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 3732 BP 747 EP 755 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEE79 UT WOS:000237003200090 ER PT S AU Grigori, L Li, XYS AF Grigori, L Li, XYS BE Dongarra, J Madsen, K Wasniewski, J TI Performance analysis of parallel right-looking sparse LU factorization on two dimensional grids of processors SO APPLIED PARALLEL COMPUTING: STATE OF THE ART IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on State of the Art in Scientific Computing CY JUN 20-23, 2004 CL Lyngby, DENMARK SP Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Informat & Math Modelling, High Performance Comp, Numerical Algorithms Grp Ltd, Comsol A/S Denmark, Sun Microsyst Denmark, UNI C Danish Comp Ctr Denmark, Microsoft Denmark, IBM, Denmark AB We investigate performance characteristics for the LU factorization of large matrices with various sparsity patterns. We consider supernodal right-looking parallel factorization on a two dimensional grid of processors, making use of static pivoting. We develop a performance model and we validate it using the implementation in SuperLU_DIST, the real matrices and the IBM Power3 machine at NERSC. We use this model to obtain performance bounds on parallel computers, to perform scalability analysis and to identify performance bottlenecks. We also discuss the role of load balance and data distribution in this approach. C1 INRIA Rennes, F-35042 Rennes, France. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Grigori, L (reprint author), INRIA Rennes, Campus Univ Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes, France. EM Laura.Grigori@irisa.fr; xsli@lbl.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-29067-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 3732 BP 768 EP 777 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEE79 UT WOS:000237003200093 ER PT S AU Arbenz, P Becka, M Geus, R Hetmaniuk, U AF Arbenz, P Becka, M Geus, R Hetmaniuk, U BE Dongarra, J Madsen, K Wasniewski, J TI Towards a parallel multilevel preconditioned Maxwell eigensolver SO APPLIED PARALLEL COMPUTING: STATE OF THE ART IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on State of the Art in Scientific Computing CY JUN 20-23, 2004 CL Lyngby, DENMARK SP Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Informat & Math Modelling, High Performance Comp, Numerical Algorithms Grp Ltd, Comsol A/S Denmark, Sun Microsyst Denmark, UNI C Danish Comp Ctr Denmark, Microsoft Denmark, IBM, Denmark ID EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS; ALGORITHMS AB We report on a parallel implementation of the Jacobi-Davidson (JD) to compute a few eigenpairs of a large real symmetric generalized matrix eigenvalue problem Ax = lambda Mx, C(T)x = 0. The eigenvalue problem sterns from the design of cavities of particle accelerators. It is obtained by the finite element discretization of the time-harmonic Maxwell equation in weak form by a combination of Nedelec (edge) and Lagrange (node) elements. We found the Jacobi-Davidson (JD) method to be a very effective solver provided that a good preconditioner is available for the correction equations that have to be solved in each step of the JD iteration. The preconditioner of our choice is a combination of a hierarchical basis preconditioner and a smoothed aggregation AMG preconditioner. It is close to optimal regarding iteration count and scales with regard to memory consumption. The parallel code makes extensive use of the Trilinos software framework. C1 ETH, Inst Computat Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Arbenz, P (reprint author), ETH, Inst Computat Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-29067-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 3732 BP 831 EP 838 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEE79 UT WOS:000237003200100 ER PT J AU Yang, JJ Rawn, CJ Ji, CX Chang, YA Chen, Y Ragan, R Ohlberg, DAA Williams, RS AF Yang, JJ Rawn, CJ Ji, CX Chang, YA Chen, Y Ragan, R Ohlberg, DAA Williams, RS TI Thermal expansion coefficients of rare earth metal disilicides and their influence on the growth of disilicide nanowires SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID SILICIDE NANOWIRES; SI(001) AB The lattice parameters of rare earth metal disilicides at high temperature play a crucial role in the growth of these disilicide nanowires, which takes place at about 873 K. In the present study, the lattice parameters of Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Sc and ErxGd1-x disilicides with AlB2 structure were measured from room temperature to about 873 K by high temperature X-ray diffraction (HTXRD), from which the linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) along each crystallographic axis was determined. The influence of the CTEs on the growth of nanowires will be discussed in terms of anisotropic strain. With these CTEs, the composition of a ternary disilicide, (ErxGd1-x)Si-1.67, for example, with optimal lattice parameters at nanowire growth temperature can be engineered to meet the requirement for the growth of high-quality nanowires. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Hewlett Packard Labs, Quantum Sci Res, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Chang, YA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci, 1509 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM chang@engr.wisc.edu RI Williams, R. Stanley/A-8281-2009 OI Williams, R. Stanley/0000-0003-0213-4259 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 82 IS 1 BP 39 EP 42 DI 10.1007/s00339-005-3336-8 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 994FP UT WOS:000234016700008 ER PT J AU Papastefanou, C AF Papastefanou, C TI Residence time of tropospheric aerosols in association with radioactive nuclides SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article DE beryllium-7; lead-210; bismuth-210; polonium-210; residence time; tropospheric aerosols ID PB-210; ATMOSPHERE; PO-210; BE-7; RADON; TRANSPORT; LEAD-210; BI-210; RATIO AB The residence time of atmospheric aerosol particles is a function of various removal processes, such as dry deposition by impaction, diffusion, sedimentation and resuspension as well as wet deposition by rain drops (precipitation scavenging). Estimation of the mean-residence time of atmospheric aerosols could be based on measurements of the activities and ratios of activities of cosmic-ray produced radionuclides, such as 7 Be and the radioactive decay products of radon-222 emanated from soil into the atmosphere, such as Pb-210, Po-210 and Po-210. It was found that a mean value of about 8 days could be applied to aerosol particles in the lower atmosphere below precipitation cloud levels as resulted by the application of two different methods, i.e. the 7 Be-associated atmospheric aerosols and the radon decay product aerosols at two different locations, i.e. at Thessaloniki, Greece 40 degrees 38'N 22 degrees 58E with dry (precipitation free) climate and at Oak Ridge.. Tennessee, USA 35 degrees 58'N 84 degrees 17'W with high precipitation (wet climate), roughly at similar temperate latitudes, but the first one at East longitude and the other at West longitude, respectively. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Papastefanou, C (reprint author), Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Atom & Nucl Phys Lab, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. EM papastefanou@physics.auth.gr NR 34 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 64 IS 1 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2005.07.006 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 000YE UT WOS:000234497600013 PM 16122930 ER PT J AU Scaffidi, J Pearman, W Carter, JC Angel, SM AF Scaffidi, J Pearman, W Carter, JC Angel, SM TI Observations in collinear femtosecond-nanosecond dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; LIBS; dual-pulse LIBS; femtosecond LIBS; nanosecond LIBS; Fs-ns LIBS ID INDUCED PLASMA SPECTROSCOPY; QUANTITATIVE ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; PRE-ABLATION SPARK; IN-SITU ANALYSIS; SPECTROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; TEMPORAL DEPENDENCE; VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET; ELECTRON-DENSITY; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; STEEL ANALYSIS AB In the work reported herein, we have combined a short-lived femtosecond laser-induced plasma (LIP) and a longer-lived nanosecond LIP in a collinear pulse configuration to examine the source(s) of atomic emission and signal-to-noise enhancement in dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Initial studies indicate that the primary source of dual-pulse LIBS enhancement in the collinear configuration may in large part be a matter of pulse focus; focusing on the sample surface, for example, yields atomic emission enhancements whose lifetime correlates reasonably well with the femtosecond LIP emissive lifetime, suggesting that plasma-plasma coupling may play an important role at that pulse focus. At a second "optimal" focal position above the sample surface, alternatively, atomic emission and signal-to-noise enhancements correlate quite well with the nitrogen and oxygen atomic emission reductions previously seen following use of a femtosecond air spark and a nanosecond ablative pulse in the orthogonal dual-pulse configuration, suggesting that pressure or number density reductions due to femtosecond LIP formation in air may be significant at that pulse focus. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Med Technol Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Angel, SM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Med Technol Program, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. OI Angel, Stanley/0000-0002-0328-0568 NR 88 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 16 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 60 IS 1 BP 65 EP 71 DI 10.1366/000370206775382857 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 005VJ UT WOS:000234851900012 PM 16454914 ER PT J AU Zaltash, A Petrov, AY Rizy, DT Labinov, SD Vineyard, EA Linkous, RL AF Zaltash, A Petrov, AY Rizy, DT Labinov, SD Vineyard, EA Linkous, RL TI Laboratory R&D on integrated energy systems (IES) SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE cooling; heating and power; absorption chiller; desiccant dehumidification; distributed generation; waste heat recovery AB Integrated energy systems (IES) offer the potential for a significant increase in the nation's fuel use efficiency by generating electricity onsite near the load and recycling the exhaust gas for heating, drying, cooling, or dehumidifying. A key challenge for IES is the efficient and cost-effective integration of distributed generation (DG) equipment with thermally-activated (TA) technologies. The US Department of Energy (DOE) launched the IES program in 2001 to focus on laboratory and field research to address these critical issues, advance the technology and accelerate application of combined Cooling, Heating and Power (CHP). An example of IES is the combination of an onsite microturbine with heat recovery, HVAC, desiccant and absorption chiller units. IES, in conjunction with other new energy efficient building technologies, will maximize the efficiency of energy use, reduce harmful emissions to the environment, improve power quality and reliability and provide flexibility for meeting electric power peak load demands as compared with large central power plants. The R&D performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's (ORNL) IES Laboratory focuses on assessing the operational and emissions performance of current DG and TA technologies operated individually and in combination as an IES; developing and verifying mathematical models of the individual devices and IES; and supporting the development of test protocols and standards for assessing IES technologies. The IES Test Laboratory is a flexible test-bed for the configuration of DG (presently a 30-kW natural gas-fired microturbine-generator) with various heat recovery units (an air-to-water heat recovery unit or HRU, direct- and indirect-fired desiccant dehumidification systems, and an indirect-fired single-effect absorption chiller). The exhaust gas from the microturbine-generator (MTG) is used to drive the HRU and/or used directly in the direct-fired desiccant dehumidification unit. The hot air and hot water flows from the HRU can be controlled and directed via automated damper controls in order to test various TES configurations and operating modes. The hot air can be conditioned with an air-mixing chamber. The IES testing results produced so far show that the operating parameters and efficiencies of the overall system and individual devices depend on loading (electric and thermal), as well as on ambient weather conditions (temperature and humidity levels). Outdoor temperature is a major factor since the MTG is located outside and its power and heat output are functions of the outside temperature and humidity and no attempt is currently being made to adjust its inlet air temperature, i.e., air cooling from the TA units. Under certain operating conditions and combinations of IES, the efficiency (including all parasitics) of the overall system can be as high as 55% (based on higher heating value of the natural gas). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, ESTD, CHP, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zaltash, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, ESTD, CHP, POB 2008,MS-6070, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM zaltasha@ornl.gov OI Vineyard, Edward/0000-0003-4695-7441 NR 7 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-4311 J9 APPL THERM ENG JI Appl. Therm. Eng. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 26 IS 1 BP 28 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2005.04.013 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics GA 977XL UT WOS:000232836700004 ER PT J AU Makaruk, H AF Makaruk, H. TI Discrete model of transition between order and static chaos in peptides and polymers SO ARCHIVES OF MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Continuous and Discrete Modelling in Mechanics CY SEP 05-09, 2005 CL Warsaw, POLAND ID SELF-CONTACT; DNA PLASMIDS; CHAIN AB BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION of a peptide or properties of a polymer material depend on chemical composition of a macromolecule and on its geometry. A mechanistic model is considered to investigate the factors changing a geometrically ordered macromolecule into a geometrically chaotic one, assuming no chemical change. 2D and 3D examples show how a small change in interaction between parts of a macromolecule can transform an ordered geometry of the (bio) polymer into a chaotic one. It is mathematically interesting that the systems obey the difference equations, which in the continuum limit lead to differential equations with well-behaving (non-chaotic) solutions, while in certain cases behavior of the difference equations seems to be chaotic. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Makaruk, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, P-22,E548, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hanna_m@lanl.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST FUNDAMENTAL TECHNOL RES PI WARSAW PA SWIETOKRZYSKA 21, PL 00-049 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0373-2029 J9 ARCH MECH JI Arch. Mech. PY 2006 VL 58 IS 4-5 BP 381 EP 391 PG 11 WC Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Mechanics; Materials Science GA 099ZE UT WOS:000241635800006 ER PT J AU Gschneidner, KA AF Gschneidner, K. A. TI The theory of phase formation in rare earth metal systems SO ARCHIVES OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Phase Diagrams, Phase Stability, Theory and Applications held at the E-MRS Fall Meeting CY SEP 06-10, 2004 CL Warsaw, POLAND SP E-MRS DE rare earths; lanthanides; systematics; alloying theory; thermodynamic properties; solid solution alloys; 4f bonding ID LANTHANIDE METALS; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS; ALLOY SYSTEMS; 4F ELECTRONS; ELEMENTS; PRESSURE; SEQUENCE AB The seventeen elements, which make up the rare earth family, consist of two non-4f- electron members, Sc and Y, and the fifteen 4f electron containing lanthanide elements including La that has an empty localized 4f shell. In general, the physical properties, such as the metallic radii, electronegativities, melting points, and crystal structure sequence of the metallic elements, vary in a smooth and regular manner. By utilizing these systematic behaviors, we have learned a great deal about the chemical, metallurgical and physical behaviors of not only the rare earth elements, but also the other elements in the Periodic Table. This includes: (1) the dependence of the entropies of transformation and fusion of the pure metals on the structure and electronic nature; (2) the influence of lattice rigidity on solid solution formation and thus solved one of the oldest metallurgical riddles; (3) the representation of 91 binary rare earth diagrams by a single generalize phase diagram; and (4) the existence of 4f bonding in the lanthanide metals, alloys and compounds well before theorists confirmed this by first principle calculations. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Gschneidner, KA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES COMMITTEE METALLURGY PI KRAKOW PA AL MICKIEWICZA 30, AGH, PAW., A-4,III P., POK 312B, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 1733-3490 J9 ARCH METALL MATER JI Arch. Metall. Mater. PY 2006 VL 51 IS 4 BP 519 EP 524 PG 6 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 131UF UT WOS:000243895000002 ER PT S AU McCune, W AF McCune, William BE Calmet, J Ida, T Wang, D TI Semantic guidance for saturation provers SO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND SYMBOLIC COMPUTATION, PROCEEDINGS SE LECTURE NOTES IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Symbolic Computation CY SEP 20-22, 2006 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA AB We use finite interpretations to guide searches in first-order and equational theorem provers. The interpretations are carefully chosen and based on expert knowledge of the problem area of the conjecture. The method has been implemented in the Prover9 system, and equational examples are given the areas of lattice theory, Boolean algebras, and modular ortholattices. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP McCune, W (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM McCune@mcs.anl.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-39728-0 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2006 VL 4120 BP 18 EP 24 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BFI97 UT WOS:000242127700002 ER PT J AU Liebel, B Brodrick, J AF Liebel, B Brodrick, J TI The eyes have it SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 AfterImage Space, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Liebel, B (reprint author), AfterImage Space, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 48 IS 1 BP 54 EP + PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 001ER UT WOS:000234516900018 ER PT B AU Butcher, TA AF Butcher, Thomas A. GP ASHRAE TI Condensing boilers and baseboard hydronic heating systems SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2006 CL Chicago, IL AB Condensing boilers offer the potential for significant improvements in the efficiency of heating systems. However most of the market for these boilers is existing homes where hydronic heating systems use baseboard convectors. These are designed for operation at higher circulating water temperatures than will allow condensing operation of these boilers. This study explores the use of an outdoor reset control in combination with condensing boilers in which to quantify the fraction of the heating season actual operation in the condensing mode can be achieved. The study involves both experimental work with one oil-fired condensing boiler in the lab and in the field as well as development of a method that can be used to estimate the fraction of the year that condensing can be achieved for any application. Results are dependent upon fuel type and existing baseboard oversize factor. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Butcher, TA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 60 EP 67 PN 1 PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BEM68 UT WOS:000238183500007 ER PT B AU Sherman, MH AF Sherman, Max H. GP ASHRAE TI Efficacy of intermittent ventilation for providing acceptable indoor air quality SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2006 CL Chicago, IL AB Ventilation standards and guidelines typically treat ventilation as a constant and specify its value. In many circumstances, a designer wishes to use intermittent ventilation rather than constant ventilation, but there are no easy equivalencies available. This paper develops a model of efficacy that can determine how much intermittent ventilation is needed to get the same indoor air quality (IAQ) as the continuous value specified. This paper describes a simple relationship between three dimensionless quantities: the temporal ventilation effectiveness-which will be called the efficacy-the nominal turnover and the underventilation fraction. This relationship allows the calculation of intermittent ventilation for a wide variety of parameters and conditions. The relationship can be used to define a critical time that separates the regime in which ventilation variations can be averaged from the regime in which variable ventilation is of low effectiveness. The paper shows that ventilation load-shifting, temporary protection against poor outdoor air quality, and dynamic ventilation strategies can be quite effective in low-density buildings such as single-family houses or office spaces. The results of this work enable ventilation standards and guidelines to all flow this extra flexibility and still provide acceptable indoor air quality. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sherman, MH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 93 EP 101 PN 1 PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BEM68 UT WOS:000238183500010 ER PT B AU Wassmer, MR Brandemuehl, MJ AF Wassmer, Michael R. Brandemuehl, Michael J. GP ASHRAE TI Effect of data availability on modeling of residential air conditioners and heat pumps for energy calculations SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2006 CL Chicago, IL AB A component-based model for residential air conditioner and heat pump energy calculations has been developed through ASHRAE Research Project 1197. A primary objective of this project was to develop a suitable model that requires only readily available, or potentially readily available, input data. The component model meets this objective by only requiring rating data that are generated from ARI Standard 210/240. Unfortunately, only a small percentage of the data collected during these tests is published by ARI. Some manufacturers release a more significant portion of the test data in their technical literature, but these data are often incomplete. This paper describes the development of default data for the modeling of residential air conditioners and heat pumps using a test suite of 25 units. The paper evaluates the impact of limited data availability, and the need to use default data, on model prediction accuracy. The results show that the use of minimal data often produces acceptable results, though accuracy improves significantly with additional rating data. Of most importance are the power at standard rating conditions, the type of compressor and the coil airflow rates. The results also show that accurate results are obtained without knowing the exact compressor model number. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wassmer, MR (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 214 EP 225 PN 1 PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BEM68 UT WOS:000238183500022 ER PT B AU Christian, JE Pate, P Childs, P Atchley, J AF Christian, Jeffrey E. Pate, Paige Childs, Phil Atchley, Jerry GP ASHRAE TI Small house with construction cost of $100K, total energy cost of $0.88 a day SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2006 CL Chicago, IL AB This paper describes the second step toward development of an affordable net zero energy house as part of the Department of Energy's Building Technology Program. Building affordable houses that generate as much energy as they use is the long-term goal of that program. The house discussed in this paper is located in Lenoir City, Tennessee. A Habitat for Humanity family of three took occupancy in December 2003. This all-electric house has airtight structural insulated panels (SIPS), high-efficiency windows with a 0.34 U-jactor and 0.33 solar heat gain coefficient, a SEER 14 heat pump, a space-integrated heat pump water heater and a 1.98 kW p grid-connected solar photovoltaic system. Together these features, which cost less than $100, 000 to construct, have led to an annual total energy cost of $0.88 per day after utility solar credits. Thirty-two sensors were installed in the house to monitor thermal comfort, energy-efficient technologies, and the roof top photovoltaic system every 15 minutes for longer than a year Twenty-three percent of the total energy demand of the house is satisfied by the solar photovoltaic system. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bldg Technol Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Christian, JE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bldg Technol Ctr, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 269 EP 280 PN 1 PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BEM68 UT WOS:000238183500026 ER PT B AU Pless, SD Torcellini, PA Petersen, JE AF Pless, Shanti D. Torcellini, Paul A. Petersen, John E. GP ASHRAE TI Energy performance evaluation of a low-energy academic building SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2006 CL Chicago, IL AB The Adam Joseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies in Oberlin, Ohio, is a 13,600 ft(2) (1,263 m(2)) academic building designed with a long-term goal of operating as a net energy exporter The building was designed to consume significantly less energy than a typical building. Features to achieve, the energy savings include daylighting, enhanced thermal envelope, ground-source heat pumps, energy recovery ventilators, a dimming lighting system, and natural ventilation. The building is equipped with a 60 kW photovoltaic array. The annual energy performance of this building was monitored and evaluated from March 2001 through February 2003. Documenting actual energy performance and evaluating design flaws and successes led to important lessons that can be applied to the designs of future high-performance educational and commercial buildings. During the third year of occupancy, the building consumed 29.8 kBtu/ft(2.)yr (94.0 kWh/m(2.)yr), or 48% less energy than a conventional ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2001 energy code-compliant building On-site photovoltaic generation met 45% of this energy requirement, for a total net energy use intensity of 164 kBtu/ft(2.)yr (52.1 kWh/m(2.) yr). C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Bldg & Thermal Syst, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Pless, SD (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Bldg & Thermal Syst, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 295 EP 311 PN 1 PG 17 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BEM68 UT WOS:000238183500028 ER PT B AU Long, NL Torcellini, PA Pless, SD Judkoff, R AF Long, Nicholas L. Torcellini, Paul A. Pless, Shanti D. Judkoff, Ron GP ASHRAE TI Evaluation of the low-energy design process and energy performance of the Zion National Park Visitor Center SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2006 CL Chicago, IL AB In line with the mission of the National Park Service, the Zion National Park Visitor Center was designed to use 70% less energy than a comparable visitor center built to Federal Energy Code 10 CFR 43 5 (DOE 1995). The authors and NPS staff used an integrated design process, including extensive simulations, to minimize the energy consumption. The result was a passive solar commercial building that has a good thermal envelope, daylighting, and natural ventilation. Passive downdraft cooltowers provide all the cooling. Two Trombe walls provide a significant amount of the heating. After two years of metering, the results show a net energy use intensity of 24.7 kBtu/ft(2) (280.5 MJ/m(2)) and a 67% energy cost saving. Low energy use and aggressive demand management result in an energy cost intensity of $0.43/ft(2) ($4.63/m(2)). The paper discusses lessons learned related to the design process, daylighting, PV system, and HVAC system. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Bldg & Thermal Syst, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Long, NL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Bldg & Thermal Syst, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 321 EP 340 PN 1 PG 20 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BEM68 UT WOS:000238183500030 ER PT B AU Armstrong, PR Leeb, SB Norford, LK AF Armstrong, Peter R. Leeb, Steven B. Norford, Leslie K. GP ASHRAE TI Control with building mass - Part I: Thermal response model SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2006 CL Chicago, IL ID NIGHT AB In this paper we derive a general model and reliable identification procedures that can be applied autonomously for online forecasting of wall, zone, and whole building transient thermal responses. Several important aspects of building HVAC operation-fault detection, curtailment, verification, model-based control, and commissioning-are enabled or facilitated by use of accurate building-specific models. The methods of thermal response model identification developed in this work require little or no user intervention. Test cases for the model and identification procedures include a laboratory test room and a 60-unit apartment building in Ryazan, Russia. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Armstrong, PR (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 53 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 449 EP 461 PN 1 PG 13 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BEM68 UT WOS:000238183500042 ER PT B AU Armstrong, PR Leeb, SB Norford, LK AF Armstrong, Peter R. Leeb, Steven B. Norford, Leslie K. GP ASHRAE TI Control with building mass - Part II: Simulation SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2006 CL Chicago, IL ID HEAT-STORAGE; DEMAND; MODEL AB Reductions in building peak electrical demand can be achieved by incorporating building-specific models of thermal dynamics into controllers that will implement short-term peak-period curtailment of HVAC capacity or pre-cool the building prior to peak-period cutbacks to increase the magnitude and duration of the load reduction. The same building-specific model can be used to effect energy savings by providing optimal-start control or optimal-pre-cooling control during unoccupied hours. Control logic was developed for pre-cooling with a central HVAC plant equipped with an air-side economizer Measurement-based estimates were made of chiller performance and internal-gains schedules. The general transient-thermal-response model of the companion paper (Armstrong et al. 2006) was then used to determine building-specific thermal response and estimate the seasonal benefits of several peak-shifting and night-cooling strategies in the office building. Simulations showed a 30% to 60% reduction in seasonal mechanical cooling loads in the office building due to night cooling. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Armstrong, PR (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 462 EP 473 PN 1 PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BEM68 UT WOS:000238183500043 ER PT B AU Katipamula, S Lu, N AF Katipamula, Srinivas Lu, Ning GP ASHRAE TI Evaluation of residential HVAC control strategies for demand response programs SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2006 CL Chicago, IL ID STATE-QUEUING MODEL; LOAD SHAPE; SIMULATION; SYSTEM AB To analyze the benefits of demand response programs for the individual homeowner as well as a population of homes, a detailed simulation program was developed. This paper describes the methodology used to develop the simulation model and the application of the simulation model to study the economic benefits and impacts on electric distribution feeder load shapes when applying different control strategies to heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems. Using the simulation program, various residential HVAC control strategies are analyzed for a single residence as well as a population of residences. The results suggest that the curtailment control strategy provides the most demand relief; however this demand relief comes at the cost of comfort and diversity immediately after the curtailment event. Precooling provides almost as much demand relief as the curtailment strategy but consumes more energy and costs more. With the precooling control strategy, there is no loss of comfort and diversity is maintained before and after the curtailment. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Katipamula, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 535 EP 546 PN 1 PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BEM68 UT WOS:000238183500050 ER PT B AU Xu, P Haves, P AF Xu, Peng Haves, Philip GP ASHRAE TI Case study of demand shifting with thermal mass in two large commercial buildings SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 1 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY 2006 CL Chicago, IL ID HEAT-STORAGE; LOAD; STRATEGIES AB The idea of precooling and demand limiting is to precool buildings at night or in the morning during off-peak hours, storing cooling in the building thermal mass and thereby reducing cooling loads during the peak periods. Savings are achieved by reducing on-peak energy and demand charges. The potential for utilizing building thermal mass for load shifting and peak demand reduction has been demonstrated in a number of simulation, laboratory, and field studies. In a preliminary case study in a government office building in California in summer 2003, it was found that a simple demand-limiting strategy reduced the chiller power by 80%-100% (1-2.3 W/ft(2), 11-2.5 W/m(2)) from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m. without causing any thermal comfort complaints. This paper describes a follow-up study in 2004 in which tests were performed in two office buildings over a wider range of conditions. A Web-based comfort survey instrument was developed and used in the field tests to assess thermal sensation, comfort, and perceived productivity ratings in these two buildings. The results of the comfort survey indicate that occupant comfort was maintained in the precooling tests as long as the room temperatures were within the range of 70 degrees F-76 degrees F (21.1 degrees C-25.6 degrees C). Nighttime precooling was found to have varying effects on the magnitude of the peak the following day, with a number of factors affecting its effectiveness. It was found to be important to manage the afternoon load shedding by ramping the zone temperature setpoints rather than stepping them up. This is particularly important on hot days or in buildings with smaller time constants, where electrical power could "rebound" and exceed the peak demand under normal operation. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xu, P (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 572 EP 580 PN 1 PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BEM68 UT WOS:000238183500053 ER PT B AU Shonder, JA Hughes, PJ AF Shonder, John A. Hughes, Patrick J. GP ASHRAE TI Estimating energy, demand, and cost savings from a geothermal heat pump ESPC project through utility bill analysis SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers CY 2006 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers AB Energy savings performance contracts (ESPCs) are a method of financing energy conservation projects using the energy cost savings generated by the conservation measures themselves. Ideally, reduced energy costs are visible as reduced utility bills, but infact this is not always the case. On large military bases, for example, a single electric meter typically covers hundreds of individual buildings. Savings from an ESPC involving only a small number of these buildings will have little effect on the overall utility bill. In fact, changes in mission, occupancy, and energy prices could cause substantial increases in utility bills. For this reason, other more practical, methods have been developed to measure and verify savings in ESPC projects. Nevertheless, increasing utility bills-when ESPCs are expected to be reducing them-are problematic and can lead some observers to question whether savings are actually being achieved. In this paper the authors use utility bill analysis to determine energy, demand, and cost savings from an ESPC project that installed geothermal heat pumps in the family housing areas of the military base at Fort Polk, Louisiana. The savings estimates for the first year after the retrofits were found to be in substantial agreement with previous estimates that were based on submetered data. However the utility bills also show that electrical use tended to increase as time went on. Since other data show that the energy use in family housing has remained about the same over the period, the authors conclude that the savings from the ESPC have persisted, and increases in electrical use must be due to loads unassociated with family housing. This shows that under certain circumstances, and with the proper analysis, utility bills can be used to estimate savings from ESPC projects. However, these circumstances are rare and over time the comparison may be invalidated by increases in energy use in areas unaffected by the ESPC. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Shonder, JA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 65 EP 75 PN 2 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BFD56 UT WOS:000241189400007 ER PT B AU Lee, ES DiBartolomeo, DL Klems, JH Yazdanian, M Selkowitz, SE AF Lee, Eleanor S. DiBartolomeo, Dennis L. Klems, Joseph H. Yazdanian, Mehry Selkowitz, Stephen E. GP ASHRAE TI Monitored energy performance of electrochromic windows controlled for daylight and visual comfort SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers CY 2006 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers AB A 20-month field study was conducted to measure the energy performance of south-facing large-area tungsten-oxide absorptive electrochromic (EC) windows with a broad switching range in a private office setting. The EC windows were controlled by a variety of means to bring in daylight while minimizing window glare. For some cases, a venetian blind was coupled with the EC window to block direct sun. Some tests also involved dividing the EC window wall into zones where the upper EC zone was controlled to admit daylight while the lower zone was controlled to prevent glare yet permit view. If visual comfort requirements are addressed by EC control and venetian blinds, a two-zone EC window configuration provided average daily lighting energy savings of 10% +/- 15% compared to the reference case with fully lowered venetian blinds. Cooling load reductions were 0% +/- 3%. If the reference case assumes no daylighting controls, lighting energy savings would be 44% +/- 11%. Peak demand reductions due to window cooling load, given a critical demand-response mode, were 19%-26% maximum on clear sunny days. Peak demand reductions in lighting energy use were 0% or 72%-100% compared to reference cases with and without daylighting controls, respectively. Lighting energy use was found to be very sensitive to how glare and sun are controlled. Additional research should be conducted to fine-tune EC control for visual comfort based on solar conditions so as to increase lighting energy savings. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Bldg Technol Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lee, ES (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Bldg Technol Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 122 EP 141 PN 2 PG 20 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BFD56 UT WOS:000241189400012 ER PT B AU Christian, JE Richards, L Childs, P Atchley, J Moon, H AF Christian, Jeffrey E. Richards, Lauren Childs, Phil Atchley, Jerry Moon, Hyeun GP ASHRAE TI Energy efficiency, SIPS, geothermal, and solar PV used in near zero-energy house SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers CY 2006 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers AB This paper describes the thermal performance of the third in a series of five affordable, near zero-energy house prototypes built in Lenoir City, Tennessee. This house features structural insulated panels, geothermal space heating and cooling, and a 2 kWp grid-tied photovoltaic system. The cost to conduct this research house in 2004 was around $100, 000, and in 2005 it had a net daily cost for off-site energy of only $0.79 (based on the local electric rate of $0.068/kWh). This all-electric house was heated and ventilated according to ASHRAE Standard 62.2 in the winter of 2003-2004 for less than $40. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Christian, JE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 275 EP 284 PN 2 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BFD56 UT WOS:000241189400026 ER PT B AU Hendron, R Barker, G Hancock, E Reeves, P AF Hendron, Robert Barker, Greg Hancock, Ed Reeves, Paul GP ASHRAE TI An evaluation of affordable prototype houses at two levels of energy efficiency SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers CY 2006 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers AB Two high-performance prototype houses were built in Carbondale, Colorado, as part of the US Department Of Energy's Building America (BA) Program. Each prototype was a 1256 ft(2) (117 m(2)), one-story, three-bedroom house and met the local requirements for affordable housing. The authors, representing the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, performed short-term field testing and DOE-2.2 simulations in support of this project at the end of December 2004. They also installed long-term monitoring equipment in one of the houses, and are currently tracking the performance of key building systems under occupied conditions. One of the houses (designated H1) included a package of cost-effective energy-efficiency features that placed it well above the Energy Star level, targeting a Home Energy Rating System (HERS) score of 88-89. The other (designated H2) was a BA research house, targeting a HERS score of 94-95 and 45% whole-house energy savings compared to the BA Benchmark. The floor plans and other basic characteristics of the two houses were nearly identical except for the extended package of energy efficiency measures in the H2, including a 1.6 kW (5500 Btu/h) photovoltaic system, a combination solar hot water and radiant space heating system, heat recovery ventilation, and orientation specific glazing. Preliminary results from the field evaluation indicate that the energy savings for both houses will exceed the design targets established for the project, although the performance of certain building systems, including the ventilation and foundation systems, leave some room for improvement. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Hendron, R (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 296 EP 307 PN 2 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BFD56 UT WOS:000241189400028 ER PT B AU Anderson, R Christensen, C Horowitz, S AF Anderson, Ren Christensen, Craig Horowitz, Scott GP ASHRAE TI Analysis of residential system strategies targeting least-cost solutions leading to net zero energy homes SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers CY 2006 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers AB The US Department of Energy's Building America residential systems research project uses an analysis-based systems research approach to identify research priorities, identify technology gaps and opportunities, establish a consistent basis to track research progress, and identify system solutions that are most likely to succeed as the initial targets for residential system research projects. This report describes the analytical approach used by the program to determine the most cost-effective pathways to achieve whole-house energy-saving goals. This report also provides an overview of design/technology strategies leading to net zero energy buildings as the basis for analysis of future residential system performance. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Anderson, R (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 330 EP 341 PN 2 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BFD56 UT WOS:000241189400031 ER PT B AU Deru, M Pless, SD Torcellini, PA AF Deru, Michael Pless, Shanti D. Torcellini, Paul A. GP ASHRAE TI BigHorn Home Improvement Center energy performance SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers CY 2006 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers AB The BigHorn Development Project, located in Silverthorne, Colorado, is one of the nation's first commercial building projects to integrate extensive high-performance design into a retail space. The BigHorn Home Improvement Center completed in the spring of 2000, is a 42,366 ft(2) (3,936 m(2)) hardware store, warehouse, and lumberyard. The authors were brought in at the design stage of the project to provide research level guidance to apply an integrated design process and perform a post-occupancy evaluation. An aggressive energy design goal of 60% energy cost saving was set early in the process, which focused the efforts of the design team and provided a goal for measuring the success of the project. The extensive use of natural light, combined with energy-efficient electrical lighting design, provides good illumination and excellent energy savings. The reduced lighting loads, management of solar gains, and cool climate allow natural ventilation to meet the cooling loads. A hydronic radiant floor system, gas-fired radiant heaters, and a transpired solar collector deliver heat. An 8.9 kW roof-integrated photovoltaic (PV) system offsets a portion of the electricity. After construction, the authors installed monitoring equipment to collect energy performance data and analyzed the building's energy performance for two-and-a-half years. The authors also helped program the building controls and provided recommendations for improving operating efficiency. The building shows an estimated 53% energy cost saving and a 54% source energy saving. These savings were determined with whole-building energy simulations that were calibrated with measured data. This paper discusses lessons learned related to the design process, the daylighting performance, the PV system, and the heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning system. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Bldg & Thermal Syst, Golden, CO USA. RP Deru, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Bldg & Thermal Syst, Golden, CO USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 349 EP 366 PN 2 PG 18 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BFD56 UT WOS:000241189400033 ER PT B AU Judkoff, R Neymark, J AF Judkoff, Ron Neymark, Joel GP ASHRAE TI Model validation and testing: The methodological foundation of ASHRAE standard 140 SO ASHRAE Transactions 2006, Vol 112, Pt 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers CY 2006 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers AB Ideally, whole-building energy simulation programs model all aspects of a building that influence energy use and thermal and visual comfort for the occupants. An essential component of the development of such computer simulation models is a rigorous program of validation and testing. This paper describes a methodology to evaluate the accuracy of whole-building energy simulation programs. The methodology is also used to identify and diagnose differences in simulation predictions that may be caused by algorithmic differences, modeling limitations, coding errors, or input errors. The methodology has been adopted by ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140, Method of Test for the Evaluation of Building Energy Analysis Computer Programs (ASHRAE 2001a, 2004). A summary of the method is included in the 2005 ASHRAE Handbook-Fundamentals (ASHRAE 2005). This paper describes the ASHRAE Standard 140 method of test and its methodological basis. Also discussed are possible future enhancements to ASHRAE Standard 140 and related research recommendations. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Bldg & Thermal Syst Ctr, Golden, CO USA. RP Judkoff, R (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Bldg & Thermal Syst Ctr, Golden, CO USA. NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2006 VL 112 BP 367 EP 376 PN 2 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BFD56 UT WOS:000241189400034 ER PT S AU Ge, YB Olsen, K Kaiser, RI Head, JD AF Ge, Yingbin Olsen, Katie Kaiser, Ralf I. Head, John D. BE Kaiser, RI Bernath, P Osamura, Y Petrie, S Mebel, AM TI The potential energy surface of the H2O2 system SO ASTROCHEMISTRY: FROM LABORATORY STUDIES TO ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Astrochemistry - From Laboratory Studies to Astronomical Observations CY DEC 18-20, 2005 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Chem Soc, Natl Sci Fdn DE H2O2; hydrogen peroxide; oxywater; potential energy surface; PES; CASSCF; CASPT2; QCISD; QCISD(T); CCSD(T) ID CRYSTALLINE WATER ICE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; ELECTRON CORRELATION; KUIPER-BELT; OXYGEN; STATE; NEON AB The potential energy surfaces (PES) for the singlet and triplet H2O2 molecular system were studied by using the CASSCF, CASPT2, QCISD, QCISD(T), and CCSD(T) methods with the aug-cc-pVDZ, aug-cc-pVTZ, and 6-311+G(3df,2p) basis sets. The CASSCF and CASPT2 results show some significant differences from the QCISD, QCISD(T), and CCSD(T) calculations. The QCISD(T)//QCISD and CCSD(T)//QCISD calculations were found to be suitable for examining most of the species and reaction paths on the H2O2 PES except for a few open shell species which have a multi-reference character. The CASSCF and CASPT2 methods were found to be better suited for treating these open shell species. Consistent with previous theoretical and experimental work we find the hydrogen abstraction reaction O-1 + H2O -> (OH)-O-2 + (OH)-O-2 to have a small or no energy barrier suggesting this pathway may have relevance to the astrochemical formation of hydrogen peroxide in an extraterrestrial environment. C1 [Ge, Yingbin; Head, John D.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Olsen, Katie] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Kaiser, Ralf I.; Head, John D.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Chem, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Ge, YB (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM yinabin@si.fi.ameslab.gov; johnh@hawaii.edu FU NSF-REU [CHE03-53251] FX The authors would like to thank the Maui High Performance Computing Center for providing ample CPU time. Olsen was supported by the NSF-REU program award number CHE03-53251. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0351-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 855 BP 253 EP + PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Chemistry, Analytical SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Chemistry GA BFD89 UT WOS:000241319800030 ER PT J AU Hennawi, JF Strauss, MA Oguri, M Inada, N Richards, GT Pindor, B Schneider, DP Becker, RH Gregg, MD Hall, PB Johnston, DE Fan, XH Burles, S Schlegel, DJ Gunn, JE Lupton, RH Bahcall, NA Brunner, RJ Brinkmann, J AF Hennawi, JF Strauss, MA Oguri, M Inada, N Richards, GT Pindor, B Schneider, DP Becker, RH Gregg, MD Hall, PB Johnston, DE Fan, XH Burles, S Schlegel, DJ Gunn, JE Lupton, RH Bahcall, NA Brunner, RJ Brinkmann, J TI Binary quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Evidence for excess clustering on small scales SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE cosmology : observations; large-scale structure of universe; quasars : general; surveys ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; HIGH-REDSHIFT QUASARS; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; TRANSIT GRISM SURVEY; RADIO-LOUD QUASAR; GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED QUASAR; SURVEY PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEM; SURVEY COMMISSIONING DATA; NEARBY LUMINOUS QUASARS; EARLY DATA RELEASE AB We present a sample of 221 new quasar pairs with proper transverse separations R-prop < 1 h(-1) Mpc over the redshift range 0.5 < z < 3.0, discovered from an extensive follow-up campaign to find companions around the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and 2dF QSO Redshift Survey quasars. This sample includes 26 new binary quasars with separations R-prop < 50 h(-1) kpc (theta < 10"), more than doubling the number of such systems known. We define a statistical sample of binaries selected with homogeneous criteria and compute its selection function, taking into account sources of incompleteness. The first measurement of the quasar correlation function on scales 10 h(-1) kpc < R-prop < 400 h(-1) kpc is presented. For R-prop less than or similar to 40 h(-1) kpc, we detect an order of magnitude excess clustering over the expectation from the large-scale (R-prop greater than or similar to 3 h(-1) Mpc) quasar correlation function, extrapolated down as a power law (gamma = 1.53) to the separations probed by our binaries. The excess grows to similar to 30 at R-prop similar to 10 h(-1) kpc and provides compelling evidence that the quasar autocorrelation function gets progressively steeper on submegaparsec scales. This small-scale excess can likely be attributed to dissipative interaction events that trigger quasar activity in rich environments. Recent small-scale measurements of galaxy clustering and quasar-galaxy clustering are reviewed and discussed in relation to our measurement of small-scale quasar clustering. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. Univ Toronto, Dept Astron, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94450 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Oguri, Masamune/C-6230-2011; OI PINDOR, BARTOSZ/0000-0003-3240-2437 NR 156 TC 165 Z9 167 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 131 IS 1 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1086/498235 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 001TU UT WOS:000234561300001 ER PT J AU Pindor, B Eisenstein, DJ Gregg, MD Becker, RH Inada, N Oguri, M Hall, PB Johnston, DE Richards, GT Schneider, DP Turner, EL Brasi, G Hinz, PM Kenworthy, MA Miller, D Barentine, JC Brewington, HJ Brinkmann, J Harvanek, M Kleinman, SJ Krzesinski, J Long, D Neilsen, EH Newman, PR Nitta, A Snedden, SA York, DG AF Pindor, B Eisenstein, DJ Gregg, MD Becker, RH Inada, N Oguri, M Hall, PB Johnston, DE Richards, GT Schneider, DP Turner, EL Brasi, G Hinz, PM Kenworthy, MA Miller, D Barentine, JC Brewington, HJ Brinkmann, J Harvanek, M Kleinman, SJ Krzesinski, J Long, D Neilsen, EH Newman, PR Nitta, A Snedden, SA York, DG TI SDSS J102111.02+491330.4: A newly discovered gravitationally lensed quasar SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing; quasars : general ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; EARLY DATA RELEASE; 1ST DATA RELEASE; FIELD GALAXIES; DARK-MATTER; EVOLUTION; SPECTROGRAPH; STATISTICS; SELECTION AB We report follow-up observations of two gravitational lens candidates identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data set. We have confirmed that SDSS J102111.02+491330.4 is a previously unknown gravitationally lensed quasar. This lens system exhibits two images of a z = 1.72 quasar, with an image separation of 1."14 +/- 0."04. Optical and near-IR imaging of the system reveals the presence of the lensing galaxy between the two quasar images. Observations of SDSS J112012.12+671116.0 indicate that it is more likely a binary quasar than a gravitational lens. This system has two quasars at a redshift of z = 1.49, with an angular separation of 1."49 +/- 0."02. However, the two quasars have markedly different spectral energy distributions, and no lens galaxy is apparent in optical and near-IR images of this system. We also present a list of 31 SDSS lens candidates that follow-up observations have confirmed are not gravitational lenses. C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Astron, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Cracow Pedag Univ, Mt Suhora Observ, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Pindor, B (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Astron, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. RI Oguri, Masamune/C-6230-2011; Turner, Edwin/A-4295-2011 NR 48 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 131 IS 1 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1086/497965 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 001TU UT WOS:000234561300004 ER PT J AU Berk, DEV Shen, JJ Yip, CW Schneider, DP Connolly, AJ Burton, RE Jester, S Hall, PB Szalay, AS Brinkmann, J AF Berk, DEV Shen, JJ Yip, CW Schneider, DP Connolly, AJ Burton, RE Jester, S Hall, PB Szalay, AS Brinkmann, J TI Spectral decomposition of broad-line AGNs and host galaxies SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : active; quasars : general; surveys; techniques : spectroscopic ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; QUASI-STELLAR OBJECTS; EARLY DATA RELEASE; X-RAY; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; STAR-FORMATION AB Using an eigenspectrum decomposition technique, we separate the host galaxy from the broad-line active galactic nucleus (AGN) in a set of 4666 spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), from redshifts near zero up to about 0.75. The decomposition technique uses separate sets of galaxy and quasar eigenspectra to efficiently and reliably separate the AGN and host spectroscopic components. The technique accurately reproduces the host galaxy spectrum, its contributing fraction, and its classification. We show how the accuracy of the decomposition depends on the S/N, host galaxy fraction, and galaxy class. On the basis of the eigencoefficients, the sample of SDSS broad-line AGN host galaxies spans a wide range of spectral types, but the distribution differs significantly from inactive galaxies. In particular, poststarburst activity appears to be much more common among AGN host galaxies. The luminosities of the hosts are much higher than expected for normal early-type galaxies, and their colors become increasingly bluer than early-type galaxies with increasing host luminosity. Most of the AGNs with detected hosts are emitting at between 1% and 10% of their estimated Eddington luminosities, but the sensitivity of the technique usually does not extend to the Eddington limit. There are mild correlations among the AGN and host galaxy eigencoefficients, possibly indicating a link between recent star formation and the onset of AGN activity. The catalog of spectral reconstruction parameters is also provided. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. RP Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 82 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 131 IS 1 BP 84 EP 99 DI 10.1086/497973 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 001TU UT WOS:000234561300008 ER PT J AU Jones, JB Drinkwater, MJ Jurek, R Phillipps, S Gregg, MD Bekki, K Couch, WJ Karick, A Parker, QA Smith, RM AF Jones, JB Drinkwater, MJ Jurek, R Phillipps, S Gregg, MD Bekki, K Couch, WJ Karick, A Parker, QA Smith, RM TI Discovery of ultracompact dwarf galaxies in the Virgo Cluster SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : clusters : individual (Fornax, Virgo); galaxies : distances and redshifts; galaxies : dwarf; galaxies : peculiar; surveys ID GIANT GLOBULAR-CLUSTER; FORNAX CLUSTER; SURFACE BRIGHTNESS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; OMEGA-CENTAURI; ORIGIN; SYSTEM AB We have discovered nine ultracompact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) in the Virgo Cluster, extending samples of these objects outside the Fornax Cluster. Using the Two Degree Field (2dF) multifiber spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope, the new Virgo members were found among 1500 color-selected, starlike targets with 16: 0 < b(j) < 20.2 in a 2 degrees diameter field centered on M87 (NGC 4486). The newly found UCDs are comparable to the UCDs in the Fornax Cluster, with sizes less than or similar to 100 pc, -12.9 < M(B) < -10.7, and exhibiting red absorption-line spectra, indicative of an older stellar population. The properties of these objects remain consistent with the tidal threshing model for the origin of UCDs from the surviving nuclei of nucleated dwarf elliptical galaxies disrupted in the cluster core but can also be explained as objects that were formed by mergers of star clusters created in galaxy interactions. The discovery that UCDs exist in Virgo shows that this galaxy type is probably a ubiquitous phenomenon in clusters of galaxies; coupled with their possible origin by tidal threshing, the UCD population is a potential indicator and probe of the formation history of a given cluster. We also describe one additional bright UCD with M(B) = -12.0 in the core of the Fornax Cluster. We find no further UCDs in our Fornax Cluster Spectroscopic Survey down to bj 19.5 in two additional 2dF fields extending as far as 3 degrees from the center of the cluster. All six Fornax bright UCDs identified with 2dF lie within 0.degrees 5 (projected distance of 170 kpc) of the central elliptical galaxy NGC 1399. C1 Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Math Sci, Astron Unit, London E1 4NS, England. Univ Queensland, Dept Phys, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ Bristol, Dept Phys, Astrophys Grp, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF12 3YB, Wales. RP Jones, JB (reprint author), Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Math Sci, Astron Unit, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England. RI Drinkwater, Michael/A-2201-2008; Bekki, Kenji/H-8821-2014; OI Drinkwater, Michael/0000-0003-4867-0022; Jones, Bryn/0000-0002-4679-5625; Phillipps, Steven/0000-0001-5991-3486 NR 67 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 131 IS 1 BP 312 EP 324 DI 10.1086/497960 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 001TU UT WOS:000234561300024 ER PT J AU Harris, HC Munn, JA Kilic, M Liebert, J Williams, KA von Hippel, T Levine, SE Monet, DG Eisenstein, DJ Kleinman, SJ Metcalfe, TS Nitta, A Winget, DE Brinkmann, J Fukugita, M Knapp, GR Lupton, RH Smith, JA Schneider, DP AF Harris, HC Munn, JA Kilic, M Liebert, J Williams, KA von Hippel, T Levine, SE Monet, DG Eisenstein, DJ Kleinman, SJ Metcalfe, TS Nitta, A Winget, DE Brinkmann, J Fukugita, M Knapp, GR Lupton, RH Smith, JA Schneider, DP TI The white dwarf luminosity function from Sloan Digital Sky Survey imaging data SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; solar neighborhood; stars : kinematics; stars : luminosity function, mass function white; dwarfs ID PROPER MOTION STARS; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; CETI INSTABILITY STRIP; HALO DARK-MATTER; DATA RELEASE; USNO-B; TRIGONOMETRIC PARALLAX; NORTHERN STARS; GALACTIC DISK; HYDROGEN-RICH AB A sample of white dwarfs is selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 3 using their reduced proper motions, based on improved proper motions from combined SDSS and USNO-B data. Numerous SDSS and follow-up spectra (Kilic and coworkers) are used to quantify completeness and contamination of the sample; kinematics models are used to understand and correct for velocity-dependent selection biases. A luminosity function is constructed covering the range 7 < M-bol < 16, and its sensitivity to various assumptions and selection limits is discussed. The white dwarf luminosity function based on 6000 stars is remarkably smooth and rises nearly monotonically to M-bol = 15.3. It then drops abruptly, although the small number of low-luminosity stars in the sample and their unknown atmospheric composition prevent quantitative conclusions about this decline. Stars are identified that may have high tangential velocities, and a preliminary luminosity function is constructed for them. C1 USN Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Apache Point Obser, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Harris, HC (reprint author), USN Observ, 10391 W Naval Observ Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM hch@nofs.navy.mil RI Metcalfe, Travis/A-9388-2008; OI Metcalfe, Travis/0000-0003-4034-0416; Williams, Kurtis/0000-0002-1413-7679 NR 68 TC 120 Z9 120 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 131 IS 1 BP 571 EP 581 DI 10.1086/497966 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 001TU UT WOS:000234561300042 ER PT J AU Dopita, MA Reuland, M Groves, B Rottgering, H van Breugel, W AF Dopita, MA Reuland, M Groves, B Rottgering, H van Breugel, W TI AGN or starburst powered? Untangling the pan-spectral SEDs of the high-redshift radio galaxies and sub-mm galaxies SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Granada Workshop on High Redshift Radio Galaxies CY APR 18-20, 2005 CL Inst Astrofis Andaluc, Granada, SPAIN HO Inst Astrofis Andaluc DE galaxies : star formation; galaxies : high redshift; interstellar medium : galaxies ID STAR-FORMATION HISTORY; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; FORMATION RATES; DUSTY GALAXIES; SELECTION; DISTRIBUTIONS; PRESSURE; ALPHA; MEDIA; FIELD AB Here we show how theoretical pan-spectral modelling is beginning to decode the physical parameters of the interstellar medium of starburst and high-redshift galaxies, is revealing the star formation rate, identifying the bolometric contribution due to an embedded AGN and is determining the attenuation of the galaxian light due to foreground dust. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. Sterrewacht Leiden, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Dopita, MA (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Cotter Rd, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. EM Michael.Dopita@anu.edu.au RI Dopita, Michael/P-5413-2014 OI Dopita, Michael/0000-0003-0922-4986 NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 2-3 BP 155 EP 158 DI 10.1002/asna.200510498 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 025FS UT WOS:000236251300009 ER PT J AU van Breugel, W de Vries, W Croft, S De Breuck, C Dopita, M Miley, G Reuland, M Rottgering, H AF van Breugel, W de Vries, W Croft, S De Breuck, C Dopita, M Miley, G Reuland, M Rottgering, H TI High redshift Ly alpha halos SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Granada Workshop on High Redshift Radio Galaxies CY APR 18-20, 2005 CL Inst Astrofis Andaluc, Granada, SPAIN HO Inst Astrofis Andaluc DE galaxies : active; ISM : HII ID RADIO GALAXY; 4C 41.17; STAR-FORMATION; PROTOCLUSTER; REGION; Z=4.1; Z=3.8 AB We review current evidence for the existence of large emission-line halos around high redshift radio galaxies. Detailed narrow-band imaging and spectroscopic studies of these systems may help us understand the early stages of massive forming galaxies and AGN feedback. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Merced, Merced, CA 95344 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. Sterrewacht Leiden, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP van Breugel, W (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM wil@igpp.ucllnl.org RI Dopita, Michael/P-5413-2014 OI Dopita, Michael/0000-0003-0922-4986 NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 2-3 BP 175 EP 179 DI 10.1002/asna.200510502 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 025FS UT WOS:000236251300013 ER PT J AU Perez-Torres, MA De Breuck, C Van Breugel, W Miley, G AF Perez-Torres, MA De Breuck, C Van Breugel, W Miley, G TI Very high-resolution radio observations of HzRGs SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Granada Workshop on High Redshift Radio Galaxies CY APR 18-20, 2005 CL Inst Astrofis Andaluc, Granada, SPAIN HO Inst Astrofis Andaluc DE galaxies : high-redshift; galaxies : jets; galaxies : individual (B3 J2330+3927) ID GALAXY; ASYMMETRIES; SCHEMES AB We report on first results of an ongoing effort to image a small sample of high-redshift radio galaxies (HzRGs) with milliarcsecond (mas) resolution, using very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) techniques. Here, we present 1.7 and 5.0 GHz VLBA observations of B3 J2330+3927, a radio galaxy at z = 3.087. Those observations, combined with 8.4 GHz VLA-A observations, have helped us interpret the source radio morphology, and most of our results have already been published (Perez-Torres & De Breuck 2005). In particular, we pinpointed the core of the radio galaxy, and also detected both radio lobes, which have a very asymmetric flux density ratio, R > 11. Contrary to what is seen in other radio galaxies, it is the radio lobe furthest from the nucleus which is the brighest. Almost all of the Ly-alpha emission is seen between the nucleus and the furthest radio lobe, which is also unlike all other radio galaxies. The values of radio lobe distance ratio, and flux density ratio, as well as the fraction of core emission make of B3 J2330+3927 an extremely asymmetric source, and challenges unification models that explain the differences between quasars and radio galaxies as due to orientation effects. C1 CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain. European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Perez-Torres, MA (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Apdo Correos 3004, E-18080 Granada, Spain. EM torres@iaa.es OI De Breuck, Carlos/0000-0002-6637-3315 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 2-3 BP 245 EP 248 DI 10.1002/asna.200510516 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 025FS UT WOS:000236251300027 ER PT J AU Vardoulaki, E Rawlings, S Hill, GJ Croft, S Brand, K Riley, J Willott, C AF Vardoulaki, E Rawlings, S Hill, GJ Croft, S Brand, K Riley, J Willott, C TI The TOOT00 redshift survey of radio sources SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Granada Workshop on High Redshift Radio Galaxies CY APR 18-20, 2005 CL Inst Astrofis Andaluc, Granada, SPAIN HO Inst Astrofis Andaluc DE galaxies : active; galaxies : evolution; galaxies : formation; galaxies : luminosity function ID OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; COMPLETE SAMPLES; UNIFIED SCHEMES; QUASAR FRACTION; GALAXIES AB We present first results from the study of the TOOT00 region consisting of 47 radio sources brighter than 100 mJy at 151 MHz. We have 81% spectroscopic redshift completeness. From the K-z diagram we deduce that the host galaxies are similar to similar to 3 L* passively evolved elliptical galaxies and thus estimate the redshifts of the 9 sources without a secure spectroscopic redshift yielding a median redshift of 1.287. Above the RLF break we have a quasar fraction f(q) similar to 0.3 although the quasars appear reddened; below the RLF break f(q) -> 0 if we exclude flat-spectrum radio sources. We present a histogram of the number of TOOT00 radio sources versus their redshift which looks broadly like the Willott et al. (2001) prediction for TOOT, although the observed ratio of high to low redshift objects is somewhat lower than the prediction. C1 Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA. Dept Phys, Cambridge CB3 OHE, England. Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. RP Vardoulaki, E (reprint author), Denys Wilkinson Bldg,Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. EM eleniv@astro.ox.ac.uk OI Croft, Steve/0000-0003-4823-129X NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 2-3 BP 282 EP 285 DI 10.1002/asna.200510524 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 025FS UT WOS:000236251300035 ER PT J AU Tago, E Einasto, J Saar, E Einasto, M Suhhonenko, I Joeveer, M Vennik, J Heinamaki, P Tucker, DL AF Tago, E. Einasto, J. Saar, E. Einasto, M. Suhhonenko, I. Joeveer, M. Vennik, J. Heinamaki, P. Tucker, D. L. TI Clusters and groups of galaxies in the 2dF galaxy redshift survey: A new catalogue SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article DE cosmology : observations; cosmology : large-scale structure; galaxies : clusters : general ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SUPERCLUSTER-VOID NETWORK; LOOSE GROUPS; INTERMEDIATE-REDSHIFT; DETECTION ALGORITHMS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; COMMISSIONING DATA; RICH CLUSTERS; SUBSTRUCTURE AB We create a new catalogue of groups and clusters, applying the friends-of-friends method to the 2dF GRS final release. We investigate various selection effects due to the use of a magnitude limited sample. For this purpose we follow the changes in group sizes and mean galaxy number densities within groups when shifting nearby observed groups to larger distances. We study the distribution of sizes of dark matter haloes in N-body simulations and compare properties of these haloes and the 2dF groups. We show that at large distances from the observer luminous and intrinsically greater groups dominate, but in these groups only very bright members are seen, which form compact cores of the groups. These two effects almost cancel each other, so that the mean sizes and densities of groups do not change considerably with distance. Our final sample contains 10750 groups in the Northern part, and 14465 groups in the Southern part of the 2dF survey with membership N-gal >= 2. We estimate the total luminosities of our groups, correcting for group members fainter than the observational limit of the survey. The cluster catalogue is available at our web-site (http://www.aai.ee/similar to maret /2dfgr.html). (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Tartu Astrophys Observ, EE-61602 Toravere, Estonia. Tuorla Observ, Piikkio, Finland. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Tago, E (reprint author), Tartu Astrophys Observ, EE-61602 Toravere, Estonia. EM erik@jupiter.aai.ee OI Tucker, Douglas/0000-0001-7211-5729 NR 43 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 EI 1521-3994 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 4 BP 365 EP 378 DI 10.1002/asna.200510536 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 047GJ UT WOS:000237867500011 ER PT J AU Colgate, SA AF Colgate, S. A. TI Dynamo and hydromagnetic liquid metal experiments SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Origin and Evolution of Cosmic Magnetism CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Bologna, ITALY SP Ist Radioastron INAF DE magnetic fields; magnetohydrodynamics; turbulence; methods : laboratory ID FLOW; ROTATION AB Magnetic dynamo experiments are being performed in many laboratories throughout the world. The most successful have been at Karlsruhe and Riga, where liquid sodium has been forced in constrained flows and has produced the predicted positive dynamo gain. The unconstrained flows are being investigated at Wisconsin, Cadarache, and Maryland. These experiments have not reached the critical values of the magnetic Reynolds number, Rm, necessary for dynamo gain, despite the positive predictions of laminar flow theory. Experiments in understanding the relationship of turbulence to MHD are being performed in addition to these at Perm, Princeton, and Swarthmore. A naturally constrained dynamo, using angular momentum gradient, Couette flow, to suppress turbulence is being attempted at New Mexico Tech. Flow constrained by ridged walls is likely to have less turbulence than unconstrained flow where the criterion of constraint is the degree of suppression of the Helmholtz shear flow instability. The study of MHD in conjunction with fluid turbulence has become of major importance in dynamo experiments as well as to future dynamo theory. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Colgate, SA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B227, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM colgate@lanl.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 5-6 BP 456 EP 460 DI 10.1002/asna.200610557 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063WD UT WOS:000239049700020 ER PT J AU Kronberg, PP AF Kronberg, P. . P. TI Extragalactic radio sources, IGM magnetic fields, and AGN-based energy flows SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Origin and Evolution of Cosmic Magnetism CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Bologna, ITALY SP Ist Radioastron INAF DE galaxies : clusters : general; galaxies : active; galaxies : magnetic fields; quasars : individual (3C191); radio continuum : general; polarization ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; MULTIFREQUENCY OBSERVATIONS; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; BLACK-HOLES; X-RAY; GALAXIES; ACCELERATION; DISCOVERY; QUASARS AB I review the interconnections between extragalactic radio sources and extragalactic magnetic fields in large-scale structure. I focus on energy flows and magnetic fields arising from AGN-powered radio sources. A new combined Faraday rotation (RM) and galaxy count analysis is described which provides the first Faraday RM test for magnetic field strengths in regions of local cosmological large-scale structure. I also describe both recent and new results that probe intergalactic magnetic fields via faint synchrotron radiation at the lowest detectable levels. Evidence for the cosmologically early generation of significant magnetic fields in galaxy systems is briefly reviewed, including initial results of a new global RM probe out to redshifts greater than 3. In the course of reviewing these new results, I comment on some desirable specifications of next-generation instruments. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. RP Kronberg, PP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. EM kronberg@lanl.gov NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 5-6 BP 517 EP 522 DI 10.1002/asna.200610576 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063WD UT WOS:000239049700039 ER PT J AU O'Neill, SM Jones, TW Tregillis, IL Ryu, D AF O'Neill, S. M. Jones, T. W. Tregillis, I. L. Ryu, D. TI 3D MHD interactions of jets with cluster media SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Origin and Evolution of Cosmic Magnetism CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2005 CL Bologna, ITALY SP Ist Radioastron INAF DE galaxies : jets, clusters; MHD ID RADIO GALAXIES AB As an initial step in a program to examine the interactions of AGN jets with magnetized cluster media, we have carried out high resolution, 3D MHD medium-to-high luminosity jet simulations in both uniform and stratified, cluster-like atmospheres extending over distances similar to 200 kpc. The steady jets asymptotically deposit approximately 1/2 of their power into ambient thermal energy, almost independent of the jet Mach number or the external density gradient. Nearly 1/4 of the jet power goes directly into irreversible, dissipative heating of the ICM. The remaining energy is mostly stored in the jet backflow cocoon. Magnetic energy introduced by the jet is generally amplified, especially by sheared flows. We also examined the dynamical evolution of the jets and their cocoons, comparing them to simple analytic models. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Chungnam Natl Univ, Taejon 305764, South Korea. RP O'Neill, SM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, 116 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM twj@umn.edu RI Ryu, Dongsu/C-2270-2016 OI Ryu, Dongsu/0000-0002-5455-2957 NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 5-6 BP 535 EP 536 DI 10.1002/asna.200610581 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063WD UT WOS:000239049700044 ER PT J AU Allan, A Hessman, F Bischoff, K Burgdorf, M Cavanagh, B Christian, D Clay, N Dickens, R Economou, F Fadavi, M Fraser, S Granzer, T Grosvenor, S Jenness, T Koratkar, A Lehner, M Mottram, C Naylor, T Saunders, E Solomos, N Steele, I Tuparev, G Vestrand, T White, R Yost, S AF Allan, A. Hessman, F. Bischoff, K. Burgdorf, M. Cavanagh, B. Christian, D. Clay, N. Dickens, R. Economou, F. Fadavi, M. Fraser, S. Granzer, T. Grosvenor, S. Jenness, T. Koratkar, A. Lehner, M. Mottram, C. Naylor, T. Saunders, E. Solomos, N. Steele, I. Tuparev, G. Vestrand, T. White, R. Yost, S. TI A protocol standard for heterogeneous telescope networks SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Workshop on Heterogeneous Telescope Networks CY JUL 18-21, 2005 CL Exeter, ENGLAND DE instrumentation : miscellaneous; techniques : miscellaneous; methods : observational; telescopes; standards AB The scientific need for a standard protocol permitting the exchange of generic observing services is rapidly escalating as more observatories adopt service observing as a standard operating mode and as more remote or robotic telescopes are brought on-line. To respond to this need, we present the results of the first interoperability workshop for Heterogeneous Telescope Networks (HTN) held in Exeter. We present a draft protocol, designed to be independent of the specific instrumentation and software that controls the remote and/or robotic telescopes, allowing these telescopes to appear to the user with a unified interface despite any underlying architectural differences. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Univ Exeter, Sch Phys, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. Teleskoptech Halfmann, D-86356 Neusass Vogelsang, Germany. Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. Joint Astron Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Phys & Astron, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. Latterfrosken Software Dev Ltd, Walsall WS1 3QA, W Midlands, England. Jackson State Univ, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. Astrophys Inst Potsdam, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hellen Naval Acad, Phys Sector, Piraeus 18503, Greece. Natl Astron Ctr, Ainos Mt, Kefallinia Isla, Greece. Tuparev Technol Inc, Sofia 1612, Bulgaria. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Michigan, Randall Lab, ROTSE, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Allan, A (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Sch Phys, Stocker Rd, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. EM aa@astro.ex.ac.uk RI Naylor, Tim /A-9465-2015; OI Economou, Frossie/0000-0002-8333-7615; Jenness, Tim/0000-0001-5982-167X NR 2 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 8 BP 744 EP 750 DI 10.1002/asna.200610625 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 089SI UT WOS:000240900600002 ER PT J AU White, RR Evans, SM Vestrand, WT Warren, MS Wren, JA Wozniak, PR AF White, R. R. Evans, S. M. Vestrand, W. T. Warren, M. S. Wren, J. A. Wozniak, P. R. TI Thinking telescopes and the future astronomical meta-network SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Workshop on Heterogeneous Telescope Networks CY JUL 18-21, 2005 CL Exeter, ENGLAND DE astronomical databases : miscellaneous; methods : observational; standards; telescopes ID SKY AB In 2002, the RAPid Telescopes for Optical Response (RAPTOR) project pushed the envelope of automated astronomy by becoming the first fully autonomous closedloop robotic telescope. Deployment required a fast, efficient, and reliable network technology to perform the collaborative, synchronized observations and the Telescope ALert Operation Network System (TALONS) was engineered to meet this goal. It was soon realized that the telescope systems mandate could be expanded to include monitoring the sky for anomalous and interesting behaviors in persistent sources rather than focusing on only optical transients and GRB follow-ups. But to achieve this goal we would need to make this system think and that would require the merging of the robotic telescopes assets with new technologies. The binding thread between the new technologies and RAPTOR would be an enhanced TALONS astronomical network. We have now seen that any isolated telescope system can deliver good science, but if it could cooperatively operate with a network of other telescope assets it could increase the likelihood of great science. While using the internet for communicating between distributed astronomical systems is still in its infancy, it already shows great potential (White et al. 2004) and the varied architectural techniques available offer operators great flexibility to meet their local needs and to meet a goal of greater interconnectivity. In this paper we will present the evolution of RAPTOR and TALONS into a thinking telescope system and how that effort highlights the process of designing and engineering a meta-network to meet the goal of greater interconnectivity in the astronomical community. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP White, RR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rwhite@lanl.gov OI Warren, Michael/0000-0002-1218-7904; Wozniak, Przemyslaw/0000-0002-9919-3310; Evans, Stuart/0000-0002-1873-0752 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 8 BP 758 EP 762 DI 10.1002/asna.200610627 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 089SI UT WOS:000240900600004 ER PT J AU White, RR Allan, A Barthelmy, S Bloom, J Graham, M Hessman, FV Marka, S Rots, A Scholberg, K Seaman, R Stoughton, C Vestrand, WT Williams, R Wozniak, PR AF White, R. R. Allan, A. Barthelmy, S. Bloom, J. Graham, M. Hessman, F. V. Marka, S. Rots, A. Scholberg, K. Seaman, R. Stoughton, C. Vestrand, W. T. Williams, R. Wozniak, P. R. TI Astronomical network event and observation notification SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Workshop on Heterogeneous Telescope Networks CY JUL 18-21, 2005 CL Exeter, ENGLAND DE instrumentation : miscellaneous; methods : observational; standards; telescopes ID TELESCOPES; SKY AB Networks are becoming a key element in most current and all future, telescope and observatory projects. The ability to easily and efficiently pass observation data, alert data and instrumentation requests between distributed systems could enable science as never before. However, any effective large scale or meta-network of astronomical resources will require a common communication format or development resources will have to be continuously dedicated to creating interpreters. The necessary elements of any astronomy communication can be easily identified, efficiently described and rigidly formatted so that both robotic and human operations can use the same data. In this paper we will explore the current state of notification, what notification requirements are essential to create a successful standard and present a standard now under development by the International Virtual Observatory Alliance (IVOA), called the VOEvent. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Exeter, Exeter, Devon, England. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Gottingen, D-3400 Gottingen, Germany. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Chicago, IL USA. RP White, RR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rwhite@lanl.gov RI Barthelmy, Scott/D-2943-2012; OI Rots, Arnold/0000-0003-2377-2356; Wozniak, Przemyslaw/0000-0002-9919-3310 NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 8 BP 775 EP 778 DI 10.1002/asna.200610631 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 089SI UT WOS:000240900600008 ER PT J AU Yost, SA Aharonian, F Akerlof, CW Ashley, MCB Barthelmy, S Gehrels, N Gogus, E Guver, T Horns, D Kiziloglu, U Krimm, HA McKay, TA Ozel, M Phillips, A Quimby, RM Rowell, G Rujopakarn, W Rykoff, ES Schaefer, BE Smith, DA Swan, HF Vestrand, WT Wheeler, JC Wren, J Yuan, F AF Yost, S. A. Aharonian, F. Akerlof, C. W. Ashley, M. C. B. Barthelmy, S. Gehrels, N. Gogus, E. Guver, T. Horns, D. Kiziloglu, U. Krimm, H. A. McKay, T. A. Ozel, M. Phillips, A. Quimby, R. M. Rowell, G. Rujopakarn, W. Rykoff, E. S. Schaefer, B. E. Smith, D. A. Swan, H. F. Vestrand, W. T. Wheeler, J. C. Wren, J. Yuan, F. TI Status of the ROTSE-III telescope network SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Workshop on Heterogeneous Telescope Networks CY JUL 18-21, 2005 CL Exeter, ENGLAND DE gamma rays : bursts; instrumentation : photometric; instrumentation : photometry; telescopes AB ROTSE-III is a homogeneous worldwide array of 4 robotic telescopes. They were designed to provide optical observations of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows as close as possible to the start of gamma-ray emission. ROTSE-III is fulfilling its potential for GRB science, and provides optical observations for a variety of astrophysical sources in the interim between GRB events. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Univ Michigan, Randall Lab 2477, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Sabanci Univ, TR-34956 Istanbul, Turkey. Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Middle E Tech Univ, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. Canakkale Onsekiz Mart Univ, TR-17020 Canakkale, Turkey. Univ Texas, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Guilford Coll, Greensboro, NC 27410 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yost, SA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Randall Lab 2477, 450 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. EM sayost@umich.edu RI Guver, Tolga/C-1408-2011; Horns, Dieter/C-9727-2011; Barthelmy, Scott/D-2943-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Rujopakarn, Wiphu/E-7849-2012; McKay, Timothy/C-1501-2009; Guver, Tolga/B-1039-2014; OI McKay, Timothy/0000-0001-9036-6150; Guver, Tolga/0000-0002-3531-9842; Rowell, Gavin/0000-0002-9516-1581 NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 8 BP 803 EP 805 DI 10.1002/asna.200610683 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 089SI UT WOS:000240900600015 ER PT J AU Lehner, MJ Alcock, C Axelrod, T Bianco, F Byun, YI Chen, WP Cook, KH Dave, R de Pater, I Giammarco, J King, SK Lee, T Lissauer, J Marshall, SL Mondal, S Nihei, T Rice, J Schwamb, M Wang, A Wang, SY Wen, CY Zhang, ZW AF Lehner, M. J. Alcock, C. Axelrod, T. Bianco, F. Byun, Y. -I. Chen, W. -P. Cook, K. H. Dave, R. de Pater, I. Giammarco, J. King, S. -K. Lee, T. Lissauer, J. Marshall, S. L. Mondal, S. Nihei, T. Rice, J. Schwamb, M. Wang, A. Wang, S. -Y. Wen, C. -Y. Zhang, Z. -W. TI TAOS - The Taiwanese-American Occultation Survey SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Workshop on Heterogeneous Telescope Networks CY JUL 18-21, 2005 CL Exeter, ENGLAND DE Kuiper Belt; occultations; methods : observational; telescopes ID KUIPER-BELT OBJECTS; BODIES AB The Taiwanese-American Occultation Survey (TAOS) seeks to determine the number and size spectrum for small (similar to 3 km) bodies in the Kuiper Belt. This will be accomplished by searching for the brief occultations of bright stars (R similar to 14) by these objects. We have designed and built a special purpose photometric monitoring system for this purpose. TAOS comprises four 50 cm telescopes, each equipped with a 2048 x 2048 pixel CCD camera, in a compact array located in the central highlands of Taiwan. TAOS will monitor up to 2 000 stars at 5 Hz. The system went into scientific operation in the autumn of 2005. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Yonsei Univ, Dept Astron, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Natl Taiwan Univ, Condensed Matter Sci & Phys Dept, Taipei 106, Taiwan. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lehner, MJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mlehner@cfa.harvard.edu RI Lee, Typhoon/N-8347-2013; OI Lehner, Matthew/0000-0003-4077-0985 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 8 BP 814 EP 817 DI 10.1002/asna.200610688 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 089SI UT WOS:000240900600018 ER PT J AU Tucker, DL Kent, S Richmond, MW Annis, J Smith, JA Allam, SS Rodgers, CT Stute, JL Adelman-McCarthy, JK Brinkmann, J Doi, M Finkbeiner, D Fukugita, M Goldston, J Greenway, B Gunn, JE Hendry, JS Hogg, DW Ichikawa, SI Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Lampeitl, H Lee, BC Lin, H Mckay, TA Merrelli, A Munn, JA Neilsen, EH Newberg, HJ Richards, GT Schlegel, DJ Stoughton, C Uomoto, A Yanny, B AF Tucker, D. L. Kent, S. Richmond, M. W. Annis, J. Smith, J. A. Allam, S. S. Rodgers, C. T. Stute, J. L. Adelman-McCarthy, J. K. Brinkmann, J. Doi, M. Finkbeiner, D. Fukugita, M. Goldston, J. Greenway, B. Gunn, J. E. Hendry, J. S. Hogg, D. W. Ichikawa, S. -I. Ivezic, Z. Knapp, G. R. Lampeitl, H. Lee, B. C. Lin, H. McKay, T. A. Merrelli, A. Munn, J. A. Neilsen, E. H., Jr. Newberg, H. J. Richards, G. T. Schlegel, D. J. Stoughton, C. Uomoto, A. Yanny, B. TI The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Monitor Telescope Pipeline SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article DE methods : data analysis; techniques : image processing; techniques : photometric; surveys ID SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; DATA RELEASE; STANDARD STARS; GALAXY SAMPLE; SYSTEM; PHOTOMETRY; SDSS; REPRESENTATIONS; PROGRAM; CATALOG AB The photometric calibration of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) is a multi-step process which involves data from three different telescopes: the 1.0-m telescope at the US Naval Observatory (USNO), Flagstaff Station, Arizona (which was used to establish the SDSS standard star network); the SDSS 0.5-m Photometric Telescope (PT) at the Apache Point Observatory (APO), New Mexico (which calculates nightly extinctions and calibrates secondary patch transfer fields); and the SDSS 2.5-m telescope at APO (which obtains the imaging data for the SDSS proper). In this paper, we describe the Monitor Telescope Pipeline, MTPIPE, the software pipeline used in processing the data from the single-CCD telescopes used in the photometric calibration of the SDSS (i.e., the USNO 1.0-m and the PT). We also describe transformation equations that convert photometry on the USNO-1.0m u ' g ' r ' i ' z ' system to photometry the SDSS 2.5m ugriz system and the results of various validation tests of the MTPIPE software. Further, we discuss the semi-automated PT factory, which runs MTPIPE in the day-to-day standard SDSS operations at Fermilab. Finally, we discuss the use of MTPIPE in current SDSS-related projects, including the Southern u ' g ' r ' i ' z ' Standard Star project, the u ' g ' r ' i ' z ' Open Star Clusters project, and the SDSS extension (SDSS-II). (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Austin Peay State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clarksville, TN 37044 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Sch Sci, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Natl Astron Observ, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 USA. CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. RP Tucker, DL (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM dtucker@fnal.gov RI McKay, Timothy/C-1501-2009; OI McKay, Timothy/0000-0001-9036-6150; Hogg, David/0000-0003-2866-9403; Tucker, Douglas/0000-0001-7211-5729 NR 52 TC 308 Z9 309 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PY 2006 VL 327 IS 9 BP 821 EP 843 DI 10.1002/asna.200610655 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 101ZV UT WOS:000241781300001 ER PT J AU Kim, AG Miquel, R AF Kim, AG Miquel, R TI Optimal extraction of cosmological information from supernova data in the presence of calibration uncertainties SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dark energy; cosmology : observations; supernovae ID HIGH-REDSHIFT SUPERNOVAE; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; IA SUPERNOVAE; EXTINCTION; CONSTRAINTS AB We present a new technique to extract the cosmological information from high-redshift supernova data in the presence of calibration errors and extinction due to dust. While in the traditional technique the distance modulus of each supernova is determined separately, in our approach we determine all distance moduli at once, in a process that achieves a significant degree of self-calibration. The result is a much reduced sensitivity of the cosmological parameters to the calibration uncertainties. As an example, for a strawman mission similar to that outlined in the SNAP satellite proposal, the increased precision obtained with the new approach is roughly equivalent to a factor of five decrease in the: calibration uncertainty. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Miquel, R (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM AGKim@lbl.gov; RMiquel@lbl.gov OI Miquel, Ramon/0000-0002-6610-4836 NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 24 IS 6 BP 451 EP 458 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2005.09.005 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 003OF UT WOS:000234690800003 ER PT J AU Ackermann, T Ahrens, J Bai, X Bartelt, M Barwick, SW Bay, RC Becka, T Becker, KH Becker, JK Berghaus, P Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Boersma, DJ Boser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Burgess, C Burgess, T Castermans, T Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF D'Agostino, M Davour, A De Clercq, C de los Heros, CP DeYoung, T Desiati, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Gross, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, DH Harenberg, T Hauschildt, T Hellwig, M Helbing, K Herquet, P Hill, GC Hodges, J Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Kampert, KH Karle, A Kestel, M Kohnen, G Kopke, L Kowalski, M Kuehn, K Lang, R Leich, H Leuthold, T Liubarsky, I Lundberg, J Madsen, J Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Munich, K Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P Pohl, A Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Robbins, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schlenstedt, S Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Tarasova, O Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Walter, M Wang, YR Wiebusch, CH Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K AF Ackermann, T Ahrens, J Bai, X Bartelt, M Barwick, SW Bay, RC Becka, T Becker, KH Becker, JK Berghaus, P Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Boersma, DJ Boser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Burgess, C Burgess, T Castermans, T Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF D'Agostino, M Davour, A De Clercq, C de los Heros, CP DeYoung, T Desiati, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Gross, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, DH Harenberg, T Hauschildt, T Hellwig, M Helbing, K Herquet, P Hill, GC Hodges, J Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Kampert, KH Karle, A Kestel, M Kohnen, G Kopke, L Kowalski, M Kuehn, K Lang, R Leich, H Leuthold, T Liubarsky, I Lundberg, J Madsen, J Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Munich, K Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P Pohl, A Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Robbins, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schlenstedt, S Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Tarasova, O Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Walter, M Wang, YR Wiebusch, CH Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K TI Limits to the muon flux from neutralino annihilations in the Sun with the AMANDA detector SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dark matter; neutrino telescopes; AMANDA neutralino ID DARK-MATTER; MASSIVE PARTICLES; NEUTRINOS; CAPTURE AB A search for an excess of muon-neutrinos from neutralino annihilations in the Sun has been performed with the AMANDA-II neutrino detector using data collected in 143.7 days of live-time in 2001. No excess over the expected atmospheric neutrino background has been observed. An upper limit at 90% confidence level has been obtained on the annihilation rate of captured neutralinos in the Sun, as well as the corresponding muon flux limit at the Earth, both as functions of the neutralino mass in the range 100-5000 GeV. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Gesamthsch Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany. Free Univ Brussels, Sci Fac, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Uppsala Univ, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Mons, Fac Sci, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Vrije Univ Brussels, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci & Technol, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ Kalmar, Dept Chem & Biomed Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54011 USA. RP DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM cph@tsl.uu.se RI Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; OI Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Hubert, Daan/0000-0002-4365-865X NR 30 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 EI 1873-2852 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 24 IS 6 BP 459 EP 466 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2005.09.006 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 003OF UT WOS:000234690800004 ER PT J AU Madejski, G Done, C Zycki, PT Greenhill, L AF Madejski, G Done, C Zycki, PT Greenhill, L TI X-Ray emission from megamaser galaxy IC 2560 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : active; galaxies : individual (IC 2560); masers; X rays : galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SEYFERT 2 GALAXIES; WATER MASER EMISSION; K-ALPHA LINE; ACCRETION DISK; CIRCINUS GALAXY; H2O MEGAMASERS; BLACK-HOLE; XMM-NEWTON; IRON AB An observation of the H2O megamaser galaxy IC 2560 with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory reveals a complex spectrum composed of soft X-ray emission due to multitemperature thermal plasma and a hard continuum with strong emission lines. The continuum is most likely a Compton reflection ( reprocessing) of primary emission that is completely absorbed at least up to 7 keV. The lines can be identified with fluorescence from Si, S, and Fe in the lowest ionization stages. The equivalent widths of the Si and S lines are broadly compatible with those anticipated for reprocessing by optically thick cold plasma of solar abundances, while the large equivalent width of the Fe line requires some overabundance of iron. A contribution to the line from a transmitted component cannot be ruled out, but the limits on the strength of the Compton shoulder make it less likely. From the bolometric luminosity of the nuclear region, we infer that the source radiates at 1% - 10% of its Eddington luminosity for an adopted central mass of 3 x 10(6) M-circle dot. The overall spectrum is consistent with the hypotheses that the central engines powering the detected megamasers in accretion disks are obscured from direct view by the associated accretion disk material itself and that there is a correlation between the occurrence of megamaser emission and Compton-thick absorption columns. For the 11 known galaxies with both column density measurements and maser emission believed to arise from accretion disks, eight AGNs are Compton thick. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham, England. Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Warsaw, Poland. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Madejski, G (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM madejski@stanford.edu RI done, chris/D-4605-2016 OI done, chris/0000-0002-1065-7239 NR 57 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2006 VL 636 IS 1 BP 75 EP 82 DI 10.1086/497894 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 997ZY UT WOS:000234288800008 ER PT J AU Sumi, T Wozniak, PR Udalski, A Szymanski, M Kubiak, M Pietrzynski, G Soszynski, I Zebrun, K Szewczyk, O Wyrzykowski, L Paczynski, B AF Sumi, T Wozniak, PR Udalski, A Szymanski, M Kubiak, M Pietrzynski, G Soszynski, I Zebrun, K Szewczyk, O Wyrzykowski, L Paczynski, B TI Microlensing optical depth toward the Galactic bulge using bright sources from OGLE-II SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy : bulge; gravitational lensing; stars : variables : other ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; DIFFERENCE IMAGE-ANALYSIS; MILKY-WAY; MACHO PROJECT; CLUMP GIANTS; BINARY LENSES; EVENTS; BAR; SUBTRACTION; FIELDS AB We present a measurement of the microlensing optical depth toward the Galactic bulge based on 4 years of the OGLE-II survey. We consider only bright sources in the extended red clump giant ( RCG) region of the color-magnitude diagram, in 20 bulge fields covering similar to 5 deg(2) between 0 degrees < l < 3 degrees and -4 degrees < b < -2 degrees. Using a sample of 32 events we find tau = 2.55(-0.46)(+0.57) at ( l, b) ( 1.degrees 16, -2.degrees 75). Taking into account the measured gradient along the Galactic latitude b, tau = [( 4.48 +/- 2.37) + ( 0.78 +/- 0.84) x b] x 10(-6), this value is consistent with previous measurements using RCG sources and recent theoretical predictions. We determine the microlensing parameters and select events using a model light curve that allows for flux blending. Photometric quality delivered by difference image analysis ( DIA) combined with the 1."3 median seeing of the OGLE-II images are sufficient to constrain and reject the majority of strong blends. We find that similar to 38% of the OGLE-II events that appear to have RCG sources are actually due to much fainter stars blended with a bright companion. We show explicitly that model fits without blending result in similar tau estimates through partial cancellation of contributions from higher detection efficiency, underestimated timescales, and a larger number of selected events. The near cancellation of the optical depth bias and the fact that microlensing event selection based on models without blending discriminates against blends have been utilized by previous analyses based on RCG sources. The latter approach, however, leads to biased timescale distributions and event rates. Consequently, microlensing studies should carefully consider source confusion effects even for bright stars. C1 Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Concepcion, Dept Fis, Concepcion, Chile. RP Sumi, T (reprint author), Princeton Univ Observ, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM sumi@astro.princeton.edu; wozniak@lanl.gov; udalski@astrouw.edu.pl; msz@astrouw.edu.pl; mk@astrouw.edu.pl; pietrzyn@astrouw.edu.pl; soszynsk@astrouw.edu.pl; zebrun@astrouw.edu.pl; szewczyk@astrouw.edu.pl; wyrzykow@astrouw.edu.pl; bp@astro.princeton.edu OI Wozniak, Przemyslaw/0000-0002-9919-3310 NR 52 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2006 VL 636 IS 1 BP 240 EP 260 DI 10.1086/497951 PN 1 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 997ZY UT WOS:000234288800020 ER PT J AU Soderberg, AM Kulkarni, SR Price, PA Fox, DB Berger, E Moon, DS Cenko, SB Gal-Yam, A Frail, DA Chevalier, RA Cowie, L Da Costa, GS MacFadyen, A McCarthy, PJ Noel, N Park, HS Peterson, BA Phillips, MM Rauch, M Rest, A Rich, J Roth, K Roth, M Schmidt, BP Smith, RC Wood, PR AF Soderberg, AM Kulkarni, SR Price, PA Fox, DB Berger, E Moon, DS Cenko, SB Gal-Yam, A Frail, DA Chevalier, RA Cowie, L Da Costa, GS MacFadyen, A McCarthy, PJ Noel, N Park, HS Peterson, BA Phillips, MM Rauch, M Rest, A Rich, J Roth, K Roth, M Schmidt, BP Smith, RC Wood, PR TI An HST study of the supernovae accompanying GRB 040924 and GRB 041006 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts; radiation mechanisms : nonthermal; supernovae : general ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; 25 APRIL 1998; LIGHT-CURVE; SN 1998BW; OPTICAL PHOTOMETRY; IB SUPERNOVA; AFTERGLOWS; GRB-030329 AB We present the results from a Hubble Space Telescope ACS study of the supernovae (SNe) associated with gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) 040924 (z = 0.86) and 041006 (z = 0.71). We find evidence that both GRBs were associated with an SN 1998bw -like supernova dimmed by similar to 1.5 and similar to 0.3 mag, respectively, making GRB 040924 the faintest GRB-associated SN ever detected. We study the luminosity dispersion in GRB/XRF-associated SNe and compare to local Type Ibc SNe from the literature. We find significant overlap between the two samples, suggesting that GRB/XRF-associated SNe are not necessarily more luminous and do not necessarily produce more (56)Ni than local SNe. Based on the current (limited) data sets, we find that the two samples may share a similar (56)Ni production mechanism. C1 CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. CALTECH, Space Radiat Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile. Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Soderberg, AM (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, 105-24, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. OI Schmidt, Brian/0000-0001-6589-1287; MacFadyen, Andrew/0000-0002-0106-9013; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0002-8538-9195 NR 65 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2006 VL 636 IS 1 BP 391 EP 399 DI 10.1086/498009 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 997ZY UT WOS:000234288800032 ER PT J AU Adelman-McCarthy, JK Agueros, MA Allam, SS Anderson, KSJ Anderson, SF Annis, J Bahcall, NA Baldry, IK Barentine, JC Berlind, A Bernardi, M Blanton, MR Boroski, WN Brewington, HJ Brinchmann, J Brinkmann, J Brunner, RJ Budavari, T Carey, LN Carr, MA Castander, FJ Connolly, AJ Csabai, I Czarapata, PC Dalcanton, JJ Doi, M Dong, F Eisenstein, DJ Evans, ML Fan, XH Finkbeiner, DP Friedman, SD Frieman, JA Fukugita, M Gillespie, B Glazebrook, K Gray, J Grebel, EK Gunn, JE Gurbani, VK de Haas, E Hall, PB Harris, FH Harvanek, M Hawley, SL Hayes, J Hendry, JS Hennessy, GS Hindsley, RB Hirata, CM Hogan, CJ Hogg, DW Holmgren, DJ Holtzman, JA Ichikawa, S Ivezic, Z Jester, S Johnston, DE Jorgensen, AM Juric, M Kent, SM Kleinman, SJ Knapp, GR Kniazev, AY Kron, RG Krzesinski, J Kuropatkin, N Lamb, DQ Lampeitl, H Lee, BC Leger, RF Lin, H Long, DC Loveday, J Lupton, RH Margon, B Martinez-Delgado, D Mandelbaum, R Matsubara, T McGehee, PM McKay, TA Meiksin, A Munn, JA Nakajima, R Nash, T Neilsen, EH Newberg, HJ Newman, PR Nichol, RC Nicinski, T Nieto-Santisteban, M Nitta, A O'Mullane, W Okamura, S Owen, R Padmanabhan, N Pauls, G Peoples, J Pier, JR Pope, AC Pourbaix, D Quinn, TR Richards, GT Richmond, MW Rockosi, CM Schlegel, DJ Schneider, DP Schroeder, J Scranton, R Seljak, U Sheldon, E Shimasaku, K Smith, JA Smolcic, V Snedden, SA Stoughton, C Strauss, MA SubbaRao, M Szalay, AS Szapudi, I Szkody, P Tegmark, M Thakar, AR Tucker, DL Uomoto, A Vanden Berk, DE Vandenberg, J Vogeley, MS Voges, W Vogt, NP Walkowicz, LM Weinberg, DH West, AA White, SDM Xu, YZ Yanny, B Yocum, DR York, DG Zehavi, I Zibetti, S Zucker, DB AF Adelman-McCarthy, JK Agueros, MA Allam, SS Anderson, KSJ Anderson, SF Annis, J Bahcall, NA Baldry, IK Barentine, JC Berlind, A Bernardi, M Blanton, MR Boroski, WN Brewington, HJ Brinchmann, J Brinkmann, J Brunner, RJ Budavari, T Carey, LN Carr, MA Castander, FJ Connolly, AJ Csabai, I Czarapata, PC Dalcanton, JJ Doi, M Dong, F Eisenstein, DJ Evans, ML Fan, XH Finkbeiner, DP Friedman, SD Frieman, JA Fukugita, M Gillespie, B Glazebrook, K Gray, J Grebel, EK Gunn, JE Gurbani, VK de Haas, E Hall, PB Harris, FH Harvanek, M Hawley, SL Hayes, J Hendry, JS Hennessy, GS Hindsley, RB Hirata, CM Hogan, CJ Hogg, DW Holmgren, DJ Holtzman, JA Ichikawa, S Ivezic, Z Jester, S Johnston, DE Jorgensen, AM Juric, M Kent, SM Kleinman, SJ Knapp, GR Kniazev, AY Kron, RG Krzesinski, J Kuropatkin, N Lamb, DQ Lampeitl, H Lee, BC Leger, RF Lin, H Long, DC Loveday, J Lupton, RH Margon, B Martinez-Delgado, D Mandelbaum, R Matsubara, T McGehee, PM McKay, TA Meiksin, A Munn, JA Nakajima, R Nash, T Neilsen, EH Newberg, HJ Newman, PR Nichol, RC Nicinski, T Nieto-Santisteban, M Nitta, A O'Mullane, W Okamura, S Owen, R Padmanabhan, N Pauls, G Peoples, J Pier, JR Pope, AC Pourbaix, D Quinn, TR Richards, GT Richmond, MW Rockosi, CM Schlegel, DJ Schneider, DP Schroeder, J Scranton, R Seljak, U Sheldon, E Shimasaku, K Smith, JA Smolcic, V Snedden, SA Stoughton, C Strauss, MA SubbaRao, M Szalay, AS Szapudi, I Szkody, P Tegmark, M Thakar, AR Tucker, DL Uomoto, A Vanden Berk, DE Vandenberg, J Vogeley, MS Voges, W Vogt, NP Walkowicz, LM Weinberg, DH West, AA White, SDM Xu, YZ Yanny, B Yocum, DR York, DG Zehavi, I Zibetti, S Zucker, DB TI The Fourth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE atlases; catalogs; surveys ID SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; SURVEY PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEM; 1ST DATA RELEASE; GALAXY SAMPLE; USNO-B; CATALOG; QUASAR; ALGORITHM; STARS; CALIBRATION AB This paper describes the Fourth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), including all survey-quality data taken through 2004 June. The data release includes five-band photometric data for 180 million objects selected over 6670 deg(2) and 673,280 spectra of galaxies, quasars, and stars selected from 4783 deg(2) of those imaging data using the standard SDSS target selection algorithms. These numbers represent a roughly 27% increment over those of the Third Data Release; all the data from previous data releases are included in the present release. The Fourth Data Release also includes an additional 131,840 spectra of objects selected using a variety of alternative algorithms, to address scientific issues ranging from the kinematics of stars in the Milky Way thick disk to populations of faint galaxies and quasars. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Astrophys Sci, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Porto, Ctr Astrofis, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. CSIC, Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys Complex Syst, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Sch Sci, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Universe, Sch Sci, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Microsoft Res, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. Univ Basel, Astron Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, CH-4102 Basel, Switzerland. Lucent Technol, Naperville, IL 60566 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20392 USA. Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Natl Astron Observ, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Akad Pedogog Krakowie, Observ Astron Suborze, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18008 Granada, Spain. Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 2EG, Hants, England. CMC Elect Aurora, Sugar Grove, IL 60554 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Universe, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Free Univ Brussels, FNRS, Inst Astron & Astrophys, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Calif Observ, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Int Ctr Theoret Phys, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. Univ Zagreb, Dept Phys, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Adelman-McCarthy, JK (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RI Padmanabhan, Nikhil/A-2094-2012; Margon, Bruce/B-5913-2012; Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; McKay, Timothy/C-1501-2009; West, Andrew/H-3717-2014; Agueros, Marcel/K-7998-2014; Mandelbaum, Rachel/N-8955-2014; Brinchmann, Jarle/M-2616-2015; OI Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; McKay, Timothy/0000-0001-9036-6150; Agueros, Marcel/0000-0001-7077-3664; Mandelbaum, Rachel/0000-0003-2271-1527; Brinchmann, Jarle/0000-0003-4359-8797; Meiksin, Avery/0000-0002-5451-9057; Holmgren, Donald/0000-0001-6701-7737; Tan, Joshua/0000-0003-3835-8115; Glazebrook, Karl/0000-0002-3254-9044; /0000-0002-1891-3794; Hogg, David/0000-0003-2866-9403; Baldry, Ivan/0000-0003-0719-9385; Tucker, Douglas/0000-0001-7211-5729 NR 57 TC 825 Z9 826 U1 2 U2 28 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 162 IS 1 BP 38 EP 48 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 009RS UT WOS:000235130700003 ER PT J AU Gupta, R Vaidya, DB Bobbie, JS Chylek, P AF Gupta, R Vaidya, DB Bobbie, JS Chylek, P TI Scattering properties and composition of cometary dust SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dust; scattering; comets; polarization ID DISCRETE-DIPOLE APPROXIMATION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LIGHT-SCATTERING; HALE-BOPP; INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION; MODELING COMPOSITE; GRAPHITE GRAINS; POROUS GRAINS; FLUFFY GRAINS; HALLEY DUST AB Composition of the Comet dust obtained by the dust impact analyzer on the Halley probes indicated that the comet dust is a mixture of silicate and carbonaceous material. The collected interplanetary dust particles (IDP's) are fluffy and composite, having grains of several different types stuck together. Using discrete dipole approximation (DDA) we study the scattering properties of composite grains. In particular, we study the angular distribution of the scattered intensity and linear polarization of composite grains. We assume that the composite grains are made up of a host silicate sphere/spheroid with the inclusions of graphite. Results of our calculations on the composite grains show that the angle of maximum polarization shifts, and the degree of polarization varies with the volume fraction of the inclusions. We use these results on the composite grains to interpret the observed scattering in cometary dust. C1 IUCAA, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Gujarat Coll, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India. Univ Leeds, Inst Atmospher Sci, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP IUCAA, Pune, Maharashtra, India. EM rag@iucaa.ernet.in; dbv@satyam.net.in NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-640X EI 1572-946X J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI JI Astrophys. Space Sci. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 301 IS 1-4 BP 21 EP 31 DI 10.1007/s10509-006-5249-1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 011CU UT WOS:000235246200004 ER PT B AU Rauch, T Reiff, E Werner, K Herwig, F Koesterke, L Kruk, JW AF Rauch, T. Reiff, E. Werner, K. Herwig, F. Koesterke, L. Kruk, J. W. BE Sonneborn, G Moos, HW Andersson, BG TI On the evolutionary status of extremely hot helium stars - are O(He) stars successors of RCrB stars? SO ASTROPHYSICS IN THE FAR ULTRAVIOLET: FIVE YEARS OF DISCOVERY WITH FUSE SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Astrophysics in the Far Ultraviolet - Five Years of Discovery with FUSE CY AUG 02-06, 2004 CL Univ Victoria, Victoria, CANADA SP NASA, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Orbital Sci Corp, Swales Aerosp HO Univ Victoria ID POST-AGB STARS; PLANETARY-NEBULAE; WINDS AB 95% of all stars end their lives as white dwarfs. About 20% of the hot post-AGB stars are hydrogen deficient. Most of these are the result of a late helium-shell flash, but the evolutionary status of a fraction of about 10-20% of the hottest hydrogen-deficient stars, namely four O(He) stars, is as yet unexplained. They could be the long-searched hot successors of RCrB stars, which have not been identified up to now. If this turns out to be true, then a third post-AGB evolutionary sequence is revealed, which is probably the result of a double degenerate merging process. More generally, understanding details of merging double degenerate stars is of interest in the context of SN Ia events and hence cosmology. C1 [Rauch, T.] Dr Remeis Sternwarte, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Rauch, T.; Reiff, E.] Inst Astron & Astrohys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Herwig, F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Koesterke, L.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Kruk, J. W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Rauch, T (reprint author), Dr Remeis Sternwarte, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. EM Thomas.Rauch@sternwarte.uni-erlangen.de; werner@astro.uni-tuebingen.de; kruk@pha.jhu.edu RI Kruk, Jeffrey/G-4047-2012 NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 1-58381-216-4 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2006 VL 348 BP 194 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BET01 UT WOS:000239376300037 ER PT B AU Kunder, AM Chaboyer, B Popowski, P Nikolaev, S Cook, KH AF Kunder, A. M. Chaboyer, B. Popowski, P. Nikolaev, S. Cook, K. H. BE Sterken, C Aerts, C TI The metallicity of MACHO Galactic bulge RR0 Lyrae stars from fourier coefficients of light curves SO ASTROPHYSICS OF VARIABLE STARS SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Astrophysics of Variable Stars CY SEP 05-10, 2005 CL Pecs, HUNGARY ID SAGITTARIUS; GALAXY; VARIABLES; WINDOW AB Metallicities of 2610 RRO Lyrae stars observed toward the MACHO Survey fields in the Galactic bulge are obtained. These [Fe/H] metallicities are based upon an empirically calibrated relationship that uses the Fourier coefficients of the light curve. We find that the RRO Lyrae stars that belong to the Galactic bulge have average metallicities [Fe/H] = -0.995 +/- 0.006 (statistical), with a broad metallicity range from [Fe/H] = -2.32 to 0.23. We provide the most complete and extensive metallicity determination to date, with a typical internal error of 0.20 dex. Using mean magnitudes of MACHO RR Lyrae stars we searched for the evidence of the Galactic bar. A barred distribution could be seen only in the inner fields, within l < 4 degrees and b > -4 degrees. The most straightforward interpretation of the absence of a strong bar, is that the RR Lyrae in the bulge represent a different population than the metal-rich majority. The RRO stars from Sagittarius dwarf galaxy have lower average metallicity of [Fe/H] = -1.289 +/- 0.016 (statistical), with an intrinsic dispersion considerably lower than that in the bulge. The MACHO database has provided information that confirms previous investigations on the nature of RRO Lyrae stars in both the Galactic bulge and the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy. C1 [Kunder, A. M.; Chaboyer, B.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 6127 Wilder Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Popowski, P.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Nikolaev, S.; Cook, K. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, IGPP LLNL, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kunder, AM (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 6127 Wilder Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy; National Nuclear Security Administration by the University of California; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48] FX KHCs and SNs work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract No. W-7405-Eng-48. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 1-58381-217-2 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2006 VL 349 BP 273 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BEJ62 UT WOS:000237451200035 ER PT B AU Kunder, AM Popowski, P Cook, KH Nikolaev, S Chaboyer, B AF Kunder, A. M. Popowski, P. Cook, K. H. Nikolaev, S. Chaboyer, B. BE Sterken, C Aerts, C TI Extinction toward the galactic bulge from RR lyrae stars SO ASTROPHYSICS OF VARIABLE STARS SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Astrophysics of Variable Stars CY SEP 05-10, 2005 CL Pecs, HUNGARY ID MACHO PROJECT PHOTOMETRY; MAP AB We present reddening values for the lines of sight to 3256 RR0 Lyrae stars from the Galactic bulge fields of the MACHO Survey. From this sample, we derive the selective extinction coefficient R-V,R-VR = A(V)/E(V-R) = 3.9, which corresponds to R-V = 1.9, substantially lower than the Galactic average of R-V approximate to 3.1. Reddenings to individual stars using the intrinsic and observed(V-R) colors at minimum light are obtained. Our reddenings show good agreement with other determinations. C1 [Kunder, A. M.] Dartmouth Coll, 6127 Wilder Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Popowski, P.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Cook, K. H.; Nikolaev, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, IGPP, LLNL, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Chaboyer, B.] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Kunder, AM (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, 6127 Wilder Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 1-58381-217-2 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2006 VL 349 BP 395 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BEJ62 UT WOS:000237451200067 ER PT J AU Berkowitz, CM Doran, JC Shaw, WJ Springston, SR Spicer, CW AF Berkowitz, CM Doran, JC Shaw, WJ Springston, SR Spicer, CW TI Trace-gas mixing in isolated urban boundary layers: Results from the 2001 Phoenix sunrise experiment SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE air pollution; CO; ozone; No gamma; mixing; convective atmospheric boundary layer ID ARIZONA AB Measurements made from surface sites, from the 50 and 140 in levels (the 16th and 39th floors) of a skyscraper, and from an instrumented aircraft are used to characterize early morning profiles of CO, No-y, and O-3 within the mid-morning summertime convective atmospheric boundary layer (CABL) over Phoenix, Arizona. Although mixing was anticipated to produce uniform values of these species throughout the CABL, this was found not to be the case. Background air advected into the upper levels of the boundary layer and entrained air from above appear to be the most likely cause for the lack of well-mixed trace gases. The results show that surface measurements may provide only limited information on concentrations of trace-gas species higher in the boundary layer. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Battelle Sci & Technol Int, Columbus, OH USA. RP Berkowitz, CM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM carl.berkowitz@pnl.gov NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 40 IS 1 BP 50 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.08.039 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 004BE UT WOS:000234726200004 ER PT J AU Lewis, ER Schwartz, SE AF Lewis, ER Schwartz, SE TI Comment on "size distribution of sea-salt emissions as a function of relative humidity" SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Lewis, ER (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM Elewis@bnl.gov RI Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008 OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X NR 4 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 40 IS 3 BP 588 EP 590 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.08.043 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 012GD UT WOS:000235325300016 ER PT S AU Lawson, JK Carrano, CJ AF Lawson, Janice K. Carrano, Carmen J. BE Hammel, SM Kohnle, A TI Using historic models of C-n(2) to predict r(0) and regimes affected by atmospheric turbulence for horizontal, slant and topological paths - art. no. 630304 SO Atmospheric Optical Modeling, Measurement, and Simulation II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Atmospheric Optical Modeling, Measurement and Simulation II CY AUG 15-16, 2006 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE atmospheric turbulence; atmospheric boundary layer; index of refraction; structure coefficient; C-n(2); Fried parameter ID SYSTEMS AB Image data collected near the ground, in the boundary layer, or from low altitude planes must contend with the detrimental effects of atmospheric turbulence on the image quality. So it is useful to predict operating regimes (wavelength, height of target, height of detector, total path distance, day vs. night viewing, etc.) where atmospheric turbulence is expected to play a significant role in image degradation. In these regimes, image enhancement techniques such as speckle processing, deconvolution and Wiener filtering methods can be utilized to recover near instrument-limited resolution in degraded images. We conducted a literature survey of various boundary layer and lower troposphere models for the structure coefficient of the index of refraction (C-n(2)). Using these models, we constructed a spreadsheet tool to estimate the Fried parameter (r(0)) for different scenarios, including slant and horizontal path trajectories. We also created a tool for scenarios where the height along the path crudely accounted for the topology of the path. This would be of particular interest in mountain-based viewing platforms surveying ground targets. The tools that we developed utilized Visual Basic((R)) programming in an Excel((R)) spreadsheet environment for accessibility and ease of use. In this paper, we will discuss the C-n(2) profile models used, describe the tools developed and compare the results obtained for the Fried parameter with those estimated from experimental data. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lawson, JK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6382-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6303 BP 30304 EP 30304 AR 630304 DI 10.1117/12.679108 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BFI02 UT WOS:000241946200004 ER PT S AU Batdorf, MT Strasburg, JD Harper, WW Golovich, E AF Batdorf, Michael T. Strasburg, Jana D. Harper, Warren W. Golovich, Elizabeth BE Young, CY Gilbreath, GC TI Turbulence induced scintillation studies at near and mid-infrared wavelengths - art. no. 62150F SO Atmospheric Propagation III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Atmospheric Propagation III CY APR 20, 2006 CL Kissimmee, FL SP SPIE DE numerical simulation; beam propagation; atmospheric turbulence; LIDAR; remote sensing ID SIMULATION; PROPAGATION AB The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has developed a remote-sensing LIDAR system designed to detect trace chemicals in the atmosphere. Atmospheric optical turbulence is the largest noise source for the system, causing both fluctuations in the returned signal strength and signal loss due to laser beam break-up and wander. Field experiments have been conducted over the past few years in an effort to better understand the impact of atmospheric turbulence and develop strategies for improving the system. Studies have focused on the propagation of infrared laser beams at 1.278 and 9.56 micrometers over double-pass, horizontal path lengths ranging from 2 to 10 kilometers roundtrip under a variety of turbulence conditions. In addition, numerical simulations of our experimental setup have been developed to complement the experimental work. A comparison of results from the simulations with those from the field experiments shows reasonable agreement. Therefore, similar simulations will be used to aid in the design of a nextgeneration system. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Batdorf, MT (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6271-3 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6215 BP F2150 EP F2150 AR 62150F DI 10.1117/12.663976 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Optics; Physics; Telecommunications GA BES21 UT WOS:000239257900012 ER PT J AU Yu, SC Eder, B Dennis, R Chu, SH Schwartz, SE AF Yu, Shaocai Eder, Brian Dennis, Robin Chu, Shao-Hang Schwartz, Stephen E. TI New unbiased symmetric metrics for evaluation of air quality models SO ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE unbiased symmetric metrics; evaluation; air quality model; factor AB Unbiased symmetric metrics to quantify the relative bias and error between modeled and observed concentrations, based on the factor between measured and observed concentrations, are introduced and compared to conventionally employed metrics. Application to the evaluation of several data sets shows that the new metrics overcome concerns with the conventional metrics and provide useful measures of model performance. Copyright (C) 2006 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Yu, Shaocai; Eder, Brian; Dennis, Robin] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Chu, Shao-Hang] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Schwartz, Stephen E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yu, SC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM yu.shaocai@epa.gov RI yu, shaocai/G-7806-2011; Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008; yu, shaocai/F-1394-2014 OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X; FU US Department of Energy [DE-ACO2-98CH10886] FX This work has been subjected to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency peer review and approved for publication. The research presented here was performed under the Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Department of Commerce's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and under agreement number DW13921548. This work constitutes a contribution to the NOAA Air Quality Program. Although it has been reviewed by EPA and NOAA and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect their policies or views. Work by S. E. Schwartz was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract No DE-ACO2-98CH10886 to Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC. NR 13 TC 93 Z9 97 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1530-261X J9 ATMOS SCI LETT JI Atmos. Sci. Lett. PD JAN-MAR PY 2006 VL 7 IS 1 BP 26 EP 34 DI 10.1002/asl.125 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA V19DG UT WOS:000208052500005 ER PT J AU Safronova, UI Safronova, AS Hamasha, SM Beiersdorfer, P AF Safronova, UI Safronova, AS Hamasha, SM Beiersdorfer, P TI Relativistic many-body calculations of multipole (E1, M1, E2, M2 E3, and M3) transition wavelengths and rates between 31(-1)41 ' excited and ground states in nickel-like ions SO ATOMIC DATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SPECTRUM; NEON-LIKE IONS; NI-LIKE IONS; ENERGY-LEVELS; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; LASER LINES; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; PLASMA; PROBABILITIES; RANGE AB Wavelengths, transition rates, and line strengths are calculated for the 76 possible multipole (E1, M1, E2, M2, E3, and M3) transitions between the excited 3s(2)3p(6)3d(9)4l, 3s(2)3p(5)3d(10)4l, and 3s3p(6)3d(10)4l and the ground 3s(2)3p(6)3d(10) states in Ni-like ions with the nuclear charges ranging from Z = 30 to 100. The relativistic many-body perturbation theory (RMBPT), including the Breit interaction, is used to evaluate energies and transition rates for multipole transitions in hole-particle systems. This method is based on relativistic many-body perturbation theory, agrees with MCDF calculations in lowest-order, includes all second-order correlation corrections, and includes corrections from negative energy states. The calculations start from a 1s(2)2s(2)2p(6)3s(2)3p(6)3d(10) Dirac-Fock potential. First-order perturbation theory is used to obtain intermediate-coupling coefficients, and the second-order RMBPT is used to determine the matrix elements. The contributions from negative-energy states are included in the second-order E 1, M 1, E2, M2, E3, and M3 matrix elements. The resulting transition energies and transition rates are compared with experimental values and with results from other recent calculations. As a result, we present wavelengths and transition rates data for the selected transitions that include the 76 possible multipole (E1, M1, E2, M2, E3, and M3) transitions between the excited 3s(2)3p(6)3d(9)4l, 3s(2)3p(5)3d(10)4l, and 3s3p(6)3d(10)4l states and the ground 3s(2)3p(6)3d(10) state in Ni-like ions. Trends of the line strengths for the 76 multipole transitions and oscillator strengths for the 13 El transitions as function of Z are illustrated graphically. The Z-dependence of the energy splitting for all triplet terms of the 3s(2)3p(6)3d(9)4l, 3s(2)3p(5)3d(10)4l, and 3s3p(6)3d(10)4l configurations are shown in the range of Z = 30-100. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Hasemite Univ, Dept Phys, Zerga, Jordan. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Safronova, UI (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM usafrono@nd.edu NR 32 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0092-640X J9 ATOM DATA NUCL DATA JI Atom. Data Nucl. Data Tables PD JAN PY 2006 VL 92 IS 1 BP 47 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.09.001 PG 58 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 000DO UT WOS:000234441300002 ER PT S AU Wineland, DJ Leibfried, D Bergquist, JC Blakestad, RB Bollinger, JJ Britton, J Chiaverini, J Epstein, RJ Hume, DB Itano, WM Jost, JD Knill, M Koelemeij, JCJ Langer, C Ozeri, R Reichle, R Rosenband, T Schaetz, T Schmidt, PO Seidelin, S Shiga, N Wesenberg, JH AF Wineland, D. J. Leibfried, D. Bergquist, J. C. Blakestad, R. B. Bollinger, J. J. Britton, J. Chiaverini, J. Epstein, R. J. Hume, D. B. Itano, W. M. Jost, J. D. Knill, M. Koelemeij, J. C. J. Langer, C. Ozeri, R. Reichle, R. Rosenband, T. Schaetz, T. Schmidt, P. O. Seidelin, S. Shiga, N. Wesenberg, J. H. BE Roos, C Haffner, H Blatt, R TI Trapped atomic ions and quantum information processing SO ATOMIC PHYSICS 20 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Atomic Physics CY JUL 16-21, 2006 CL Innsbruck, AUSTRIA SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, bm bwk Austria, FWF Austria, Univ Innsbruck, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, Inst Quantum Informat Ges mbH, European Sci Fdn, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, USA Res Off, LINOS, Sacher Lasertechnik, Journal Phys B, Coherent, ELS, Oxford Univ Press, Radiant Dyes Laser, Thorlabs, Toptica, Nufern, MenloSystems, Schafter & Kirchhoff DE entangled states; laser cooling; quantum control; quantum information; trapped ions ID COMPUTATION; ENTANGLEMENT; SPECTROSCOPY; STATES; INTERFEROMETER; ARCHITECTURE; REALIZATION; SEPARATION; COMPUTER; SYSTEM AB The basic requirements for quantum computing and quantum simulation (single- and multi-qubit gates, long memory times, etc.) have been demonstrated in separate experiments on trapped ions. Construction of a large-scale information processor will require synthesis of these elements and implementation of high-fidelity operations on a very large number of qubits. This is still well in the future. NIST and other groups are addressing part of the scaling issue by trying to fabricate multi-zone arrays of traps that would allow highly-parallel and scalable processing. In the near term, some simple quantum processing protocols are being used to aid in quantum metrology, such as in atomic clocks. As the number of qubits increases, Schrodinger's cat paradox and the measurement problem in quantum mechanics become more apparent; with luck, trapped ion systems might be able to shed light on these fundamental issues. C1 [Wineland, D. J.; Leibfried, D.; Bergquist, J. C.; Blakestad, R. B.; Bollinger, J. J.; Britton, J.; Chiaverini, J.; Epstein, R. J.; Hume, D. B.; Itano, W. M.; Jost, J. D.; Koelemeij, J. C. J.; Langer, C.; Ozeri, R.; Reichle, R.; Rosenband, T.; Schaetz, T.; Schmidt, P. O.; Seidelin, S.; Shiga, N.; Wesenberg, J. H.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Chiaverini, J.] LANL, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Knill, M.] NIST, Div Math & Computat Sci, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Koelemeij, J. C. J.] Inst Expt Phys, Dusseldorf, Germany. [Reichle, R.] Univ Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Schaetz, T.] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, Garching, Germany. [Schmidt, P. O.] Inst Expt Phys, Innsbruck, Austria. RP Wineland, DJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RI Jost, John/F-4701-2010; Schmidt, Piet/F-6384-2011; OI Schmidt, Piet/0000-0003-0773-5889; Britton, Joe/0000-0001-8103-7347 FU Disruptive Technology Office (DTO); National Security Agency (NSA); Office of Naval Research (ONR); NIST FX The NIST trapped ion work was sponsored by the Disruptive Technology Office (DTO), the National Security Agency (NSA), the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and NIST. We thank J. Amini and R. Schwall for helpful comments on the manuscript. Contribution of NIST; not subject to U. S. copyright. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0367-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 869 BP 103 EP + PG 3 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BFM66 UT WOS:000243101800013 ER PT J AU Tanner, FX Feigl, KA Ciatti, SA Powell, CF Cheong, SK Liu, J Wang, J AF Tanner, F. X. Feigl, K. A. Ciatti, S. A. Powell, C. F. Cheong, S. -K Liu, J. Wang, J. TI Structure of high-velocity dense sprays in the near-nozzle region SO ATOMIZATION AND SPRAYS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIZATION; VALIDATION; MODELS; FLOW AB Optical and X-ray spray measurements may yield different results when similar quantities are measured. Computer simulations were used to reconcile such differences in the near-nozzle region for high-velocity, dense fuel sprays injected into nitrogen at various gas pressures. It was found that the near-nozzle region consists of a dense core around the spray axis, which contains the majority of the liquid mass, and its radial expansion is not very sensitive with respect to changes in the gas pressure. The remaining liquid mass forms a dilute region away from the spray center; it is responsible for the formation of the optical spray angle and hence varies with the gas pressure according to the known experimental correlations. Further, injection pressure variations of sprays into SF6 gas showed that the radial expansion of the dense core and the dilute periphery are independent of the injection pressure. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Math Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tanner, FX (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Math Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM tanner@mtu.edu NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 1044-5110 J9 ATOMIZATION SPRAY JI Atom. Sprays PY 2006 VL 16 IS 5 BP 579 EP 597 DI 10.1615/AtomizSpr.v16.i5.70 PG 19 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 098MD UT WOS:000241523800007 ER PT J AU Jepsen, RA Yoon, SS Demosthenous, B AF Jepsen, Richard A. Yoon, Sam S. Demosthenous, Byron TI Effects of air on splashing during a large droplet impact: Experimental and numerical investigations SO ATOMIZATION AND SPRAYS LA English DT Article ID MOLTEN-METAL DROPLETS; SOLID-SURFACE; INSTABILITY; PREDICTION; COMBUSTION; COLLISION; DYNAMICS; SPRAYS; FLOW AB Recent studies have shown the importance of air in causing the splashing phenomenon (L. Xu, W. Zhang, and S. R. Nagel, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 94, 184505, 2005) and the subsequent finger formation for a large-scale liquid droplet impact. The experimental investigation and the relevant computational modeling have been performed to obtain additional insight on the large-scale splashing phenomenon. Previous modeling efforts did not consider the effect of air by starting the simulation at the time of droplet-liquid contact with the substrate. Here we start the simulation using the volume of fluid method at a location one diameter upstream so that the compressed air effect due to a falling droplet is properly taken into account. Both the experiments and simulations demonstrate that the displaced air obtains momentum from a falling droplet and induces a vortex motion right above the contact surface. The splashing (or ejection) occurs when the initial edge of the impacting and spreading liquid is entrained into the displaced and accelerated air. It is also hypothesized that the perturbation generated during the splashing process is radially propagated and is the fundamental instability that eventually forms fingers at the rim of the spreading liquid. C1 Korea Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Yoon, SS (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Anamdong,5 Ga, Seoul 136713, South Korea. EM skyoon@korca.ac.kr NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 1044-5110 J9 ATOMIZATION SPRAY JI Atom. Sprays PY 2006 VL 16 IS 8 BP 981 EP 996 DI 10.1615/AtomizSpr.v16.i8.80 PG 16 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 142NN UT WOS:000244656800008 ER PT J AU Schertzer, BM Baker, SN Diver, ST Baker, GA AF Schertzer, Bryan M. Baker, Sheila N. Diver, Steven T. Baker, Gary A. TI A general, modular approach to a new family of amine-substituted arylboronic acid saccharide chemosensors SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PALLADIUM-CATALYZED AMINATION; FLUORESCENT BORONIC ACID; NITROGEN BOND FORMATION; ARYL HALIDES; PHYSIOLOGICAL PH; SENSOR; MONOSACCHARIDE; COMPLEXES; REPORTER; GLUCOSE AB A general synthetic approach towards a class of water-soluble, high quantum yield fluorescent saccharide reporters using 6-morpholinonaphthalene-2-yl boronic acid as an illustrative case is reported. The strength and flexibility of this approach, which utilizes the Buchwald - Hartwig cross-coupling reaction, is further underscored by the preparation of several additional aminonaphthalenes in excellent yield, including one that bears a chiral unit. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Ionnovations, Knoxville, TN 37934 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Diver, ST (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. EM diver@nsm.buffalo.edu; bakerga1@ornl.gov RI Baker, Gary/H-9444-2016 OI Baker, Gary/0000-0002-3052-7730 NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0004-9425 J9 AUST J CHEM JI Aust. J. Chem. PY 2006 VL 59 IS 9 BP 633 EP 639 DI 10.1071/CH05292 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 096GF UT WOS:000241364900007 ER PT S AU Djidjev, H Vrt'o, I AF Djidjev, Hristo Vrt'o, Imrich BE Bugliesi, M Preneel, B Sassone, V Wegener, I TI Planar crossing numbers of genus g graphs SO AUTOMATA, LANGUAGES AND PROGRAMMING, PT 1 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming CY JUL 10-14, 2006 CL Venice, ITALY SP IBM Italy, Venis SPA, Univ Ca Foscari, Dipartimento Informat, CVR ID BOUNDED GENUS; ALGORITHMS AB Pach and Toth [14] proved that any n-vertex graph of genus g and maximum degree d has a planar crossing number at most c(g)dn, for a constant c > 1. We improve on this results by decreasing the bound to O(dyn), if g = o(n), and to O(g(2)), otherwise, and also prove that our result is tight within a constant factor. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Math, Bratislava 84104, Slovakia. RP Djidjev, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM djidjev@lanl.gov; vrto@savba.sk NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-35904-4 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 4051 BP 419 EP 430 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BET75 UT WOS:000239474500037 ER PT J AU Lee, HKH Sanso, B Zhou, WN Higdon, DM AF Lee, Herbert K. H. Sanso, Bruno Zhou, Weining Higdon, David M. TI Inferring Particle Distribution in a Proton Accelerator Experiment SO BAYESIAN ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE computer simulator; inverse problem; exponentially-dampened cosine correlation AB A beam of protons is produced by a linear charged particle accelerator, then focused through the use of successive quadrupoles. The initial state of the beam is unknown, in terms of particle position and momentum. Wire scans provide the only available data on the current state of the beam as it passes through and beyond the focusing region; the goal is to infer the initial state from these position histograms. This set up is that of an inverse problem, in which a computer simulator is used to link an initial state configuration to observable values (wire scans), and then inference is performed for the distribution of the initial state. Our Bayesian approach allows estimation of uncertainty in our initial distributions and beam predictions. C1 [Lee, Herbert K. H.; Sanso, Bruno; Zhou, Weining] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Stat Sci, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Lee, HKH (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC BAYESIAN ANALYSIS PI PITTSBURGH PA CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, DEPT STTISTICS, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA SN 1931-6690 J9 BAYESIAN ANAL JI Bayesian Anal. PY 2006 VL 1 IS 2 BP 249 EP 264 PG 16 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA V10EI UT WOS:000207446900004 ER PT J AU Short, MB Carlin, BP AF Short, Margaret B. Carlin, Bradley P. TI Multivariate Spatiotemporal CDFs with Random Effects and Measurement Error SO BAYESIAN ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; Bayesian methods; Change of support problem; Kriging; Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods AB Spatial cumulative distributions (SCDFs) are useful in environmental applications - for example, by helping assess the fraction of a region exposed to harmful pollutants. Data sets containing there quisite spatial information often contain temporal data aswell. We therefore extend the notion of an SCDF to a spatiotemporal cumulative distribution function (STCDF), with the goal of increasing precision by making use of repeated measurements. Ours is a hierarchical Bayesian approach, with estimation carried out by Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. We develop linear algebra results and corresponding computational techniques to handle the difficulties in evaluating the likelihood wrought by the large data sets (due to the added temporal component), the inclusion of spatial and temporal random effects, the need to account for measurement error, and the hand ling of missing data. We illustrate the concepts in a univariate setting with an Atlanta ozone data set, and in a bivariate (two pollutant) setting with a California NO/NO(2) dataset. C1 [Short, Margaret B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Carlin, Bradley P.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Short, MB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, D-1, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC BAYESIAN ANALYSIS PI PITTSBURGH PA CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, DEPT STTISTICS, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA SN 1931-6690 J9 BAYESIAN ANAL JI Bayesian Anal. PY 2006 VL 1 IS 3 BP 595 EP + PG 29 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA V10EJ UT WOS:000207447000020 ER PT J AU Williams, B Higdon, D Gattiker, J Moore, L Mckay, M Keller-McNulty, S AF Williams, Brian Higdon, Dave Gattiker, Jim Moore, Leslie Mckay, Michael Keller-McNulty, Sallie TI Combining Experimental Data and Computer Simulations, With an Application to Flyer Plate Experiments SO BAYESIAN ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE calibration; computer experiments; flyer plate experiments; Gaussian process; model validation; predictability; predictive science; sensitivity analysis; uncertainty quantification AB A flyer plate experiment involves forcing a plane shock wave through stationary test samples of material and measuring the free surface velocity of the target as a function of time. These experiments are conducted to learn about the behavior of materials subjected to high strain rate environments. Computer simulations of flyer plate experiments are conducted with a two-dimensional hydrodynamic code developed under the Advanced Strategic Computing (ASC) program at Los Alamos National Laboratory. This code incorporates physical models that contain parameters having uncertain values. The objectives of the analyses presented in this paper are to assess the sensitivity of free surface velocity to variations in the uncertain inputs, to constrain the values of these inputs to be consistent with experiment, and to predict free surface velocity based on the constrained inputs. We implement a Bayesian approach that combines detailed physics simulations with experimental data for the desired statistical inference (Kennedy and O'Hagan 2001; Higdon, Kennedy, Cavendish, Cafeo, and Ryne 2004). The approach given here allows for: center dot uncertainty regarding model inputs (i. e. calibration); center dot accounting for uncertainty due to limitations on the number of simulations that can be carried out; center dot discrepancy between the simulation code and the actual physical system; center dot and uncertainty in the observation process that yields the actual field data on the true physical system. The resulting analysis accomplishes the objectives within a unified framework. C1 [Williams, Brian; Higdon, Dave; Gattiker, Jim; Moore, Leslie; Mckay, Michael] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Stat Sci, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Keller-McNulty, Sallie] Rice Univ, Dept Stat, Houston, TX 77251 USA. RP Williams, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Stat Sci, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM brianw@lanl.gov; gatt@lanl.gov NR 28 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 5 PU INT SOC BAYESIAN ANALYSIS PI PITTSBURGH PA CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, DEPT STTISTICS, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA SN 1931-6690 J9 BAYESIAN ANAL JI Bayesian Anal. PY 2006 VL 1 IS 4 BP 765 EP + PG 27 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA V10EK UT WOS:000207447100010 ER PT J AU Ferreira, MAR West, M Lee, HKH Higdon, DM AF Ferreira, Marco A. R. West, Mike Lee, Herbert K. H. Higdon, David M. TI Multi-Scale and Hidden Resolution Time Series Models SO BAYESIAN ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Autoregressive models; Bayesian inference; Combination of multiresolution information; Jeffrey's rule of conditioning; Multi-scale stochastic models; Multi-scale time series models AB We introduce a class of multi-scale models for time series. The novel framework couples standard linear models at different levels of resolution via stochastic links across scales. Jeffrey's rule of conditioning is used to revise the implied distributions and ensure that the probability distributions at the different levels are strictly compatible. This results in a new class of models for time series with three key characteristics: this class exhibits a variety of autocorrelation structures based on a parsimonious parameterization, it has the ability to combine information across levels of resolution, and it also has the capacity to emulate long memory processes. The potential applications of such multi-scale models include problems in which it is of interest to develop consistent stochastic models across time-scales and levels of resolution, in order to coherently combine and integrate information arising at different levels of resolution. Bayesian estimation based on MCMC analysis and forecasting based on simulation are developed. One application to the analysis of the flow of a river illustrates the new class of models and its utility. C1 [Ferreira, Marco A. R.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Metodos Estatist, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [West, Mike] Duke Univ, Inst Stat & Decis Sci, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Lee, Herbert K. H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Higdon, David M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Stat Sci, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Ferreira, MAR (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Metodos Estatist, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RI Ferreira, Marco/P-2079-2016 FU National Science Foundation [DMS 9873275, DMS 0233710, DMS 0504851]; CNPq [402010/2003-5] FX This work was partially supported by National Science Foundation grant DMS 9873275. Marco A.R.Ferreira was also partially supported by CNPq grant 402010/2003-5. Herbert K.H.Lee was also partially supported by National Science Foundation grants DMS 0233710 and DMS 0504851. The authors would like to thank the editors and two anonymous referees for their helpful comments and suggestions NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT SOC BAYESIAN ANALYSIS PI PITTSBURGH PA CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, DEPT STTISTICS, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA SN 1931-6690 J9 BAYESIAN ANAL JI Bayesian Anal. PY 2006 VL 1 IS 4 BP 947 EP 967 PG 21 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA V10EK UT WOS:000207447100016 ER PT S AU Hanson, KM AF Hanson, Kenneth M. BE MohammadDjafari, A TI Probing the covariance matrix SO BAYESIAN INFERENCE AND MAXIMUM ENTROPY METHODS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering CY JUL 08-13, 2006 CL Paris, FRANCE SP ET Jaynes Fdn, CNRS, Signal & Syst Lab, Univ Paris 11, GRD ISIS, French Def Minist, Res & Dev Sect, Int Soc Bayesian Anal DE covariance matrix estimation; probability potential; posterior stiffness; external force; probing the posterior ID RECONSTRUCTIONS AB By drawing an analogy between the logarithm of a probability distribution and a physical potential, it is natural to ask the question, "what is the effect of applying an external force on model parameters?" In Bayesian inference, parameters are frequently estimated as those that maximize the posterior, yielding the maximum a posteriori (MAP) solution, which corresponds to minimizing phi = -log(posterior). The uncertainty in the estimated parameters is typically summarized by the covariance matrix for the posterior distribution, C. I describe a novel approach to estimating specified elements of C in which one adds to phi a term proportional to a force, f, that is hypothetically applied to the parameters. After minimizing the augmented phi, the change in the parameters is proportional to Cf. By selecting the appropriate force, the analyst can estimate the variance in a quantity of special interest, as well as its covariance relative to other quantities. This technique allows one to replace a stochastic MCMC calculation with a deterministic optimization procedure. The usefulness of this technique is demonstrated with a few simple examples, as well as a more complicated one, namely, the uncertainty in edge localization in a tomographic reconstruction of an object's boundary from two projections. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hanson, KM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kmh@lanl.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0371-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 872 BP 255 EP 263 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Statistics & Probability SC Physics; Mathematics GA BFT22 UT WOS:000244484400028 ER PT S AU Nagaitsev, S Bolshakov, A Broemmelsiek, D Burov, A Carlson, K Gattuso, C Hu, M Kazakevich, G Kramper, B Kroc, T Leibfritz, J Prost, L Pruss, S Saewert, G Schmidt, CW Seletskiy, S Shemyakin, A Sutherland, M Tupikov, V Warner, A Zenkevich, P AF Nagaitsev, S. Bolshakov, A. Broemmelsiek, D. Burov, A. Carlson, K. Gattuso, C. Hu, M. Kazakevich, G. Kramper, B. Kroc, T. Leibfritz, J. Prost, L. Pruss, S. Saewert, G. Schmidt, C. W. Seletskiy, S. Shemyakin, A. Sutherland, M. Tupikov, V. Warner, A. Zenkevich, P. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Antiproton cooling in the Fermilab recycler ring SO Beam Cooling and Related Topics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE beam cooling; antiprotons; storage ring AB The 8.9-GeV/c Recycler antiproton storage ring is equipped with both stochastic and electron cooling systems. These cooling systems are designed to assist accumulation of antiprotons for the Tevatron collider operations. In this paper we report on an experimental demonstration of electron cooling of high-energy antiprotons. At the time of writing this report, the Recycler electron cooling system is routinely used in collider operations. It has helped to set recent peak luminosity records. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Nagaitsev, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 39 EP 47 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900005 ER PT S AU Ben-Zvi, I AF Ben-Zvi, Ilan BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI High-current ERL-based electron cooling system for RHIC SO Beam Cooling and Related Topics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE electron cooling; high energy; Energy Recovery Linac Magnetized beam; non-magnetized beam; superconducting RF gun AB The design of an electron cooler must take into account both electron beam dynamics issues as well as the electron cooling physics. Research towards high-energy electron cooling of RHIC is in its 3(rd) year at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The luminosity upgrade of RHIC calls for electron cooling of various stored ion beams, such as 100 GeV/A gold ions at collision energies. The necessary electron energy of 54 MeV is clearly out of reach for DC accelerator system of any kind. The high energy also necessitates a bunched beam, with a high electron bunch charge, low emittance and small energy spread. The Collider-Accelerator Department adopted the Energy Recovery Linac (ERL) for generating the high-current, high-energy and high-quality electron beam. The RHIC electron cooler ERL will use four Superconducting RF (SRF) 5-cell cavities, designed to operate at ampere-class average currents with high bunch charges. The electron source will be a superconducting, 705.75 MHz laser-photocathode RF gun, followed up by a superconducting Energy Recovery Linac (ERL). An R&D ERL is under construction to demonstrate the ERL at the unprecedented average current of 0.5 amperes. Beam dynamics performance and luminosity enhancement are described for the case of magnetized and non-magnetized electron cooling of RHIC. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ben-Zvi, I (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 75 EP 84 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900009 ER PT S AU Kim, KJ Sessler, A AF Kim, Kwang-Je Sessler, Andrew BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Transverse-longitudinal phase-space manipulations and correlations SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE phase space; beam correlations; symplectic; transverse-longitudinal emittance transfer and exchange; beam conditioning; free electron lasers; Smith-Purcell; ultrashort pulse ID RF AB Manipulations on transverse and longitudinal phase-space distribution of an electron beam are discussed within the constraints imposed by symplectic conditions. A few examples are presented: transverse-longitudinal emittance exchange to improve performance of a high-gain free-electron laser (FEL) for hard x-rays, and the flat beam technique and its application to compact Terahertz devices and ultrashort-pulse generation. It is shown that emittance transfer to some degree would be advantageous for FELs and that introducing correlations would allow just such transfers. Also, it is shown that transverse-longitudinal correlations would be distinctly advantageous for FELs. Conventional and exotic methods of producing such correlations are described. Practical difficulties associated with each of the conventional methods are described, although the nonconventional methods appear to hold promise. C1 [Kim, Kwang-Je] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Sessler, Andrew] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, KJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM kwangje@aps.anl.gov; amsessler@lbl.gov NR 40 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 115 EP + PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900014 ER PT S AU Burov, A Kazakevich, G Kroc, T Lebedev, V Nagaitsev, S Prost, L Pruss, S Shemyakin, A Sutherland, M Tiunov, M Warner, A AF Burov, A. Kazakevich, G. Kroc, T. Lebedev, V. Nagaitsev, S. Prost, L. Pruss, S. Shemyakin, A. Sutherland, M. Tiunov, M. Warner, A. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Optics of electron beam in the recycler SO Beam Cooling and Related Topics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE envelope match; angular momentum dominated beam; electron cooling AB Electron cooling of 8.9 GeV/c antiprotons in the Recycler ring (Fermilab) requires high current and good quality of the DC electron beam. Electron trajectories of similar to 0.2 A or higher DC electron beam have to be parallel in the cooling section, within similar to 0.2 mrad, making the beam envelope cylindrical. These requirements yielded a specific scheme of the electron transport from a gun to the cooling section, with electrostatic acceleration and deceleration in the Pelletron. Recuperation of the DC beam limits beam losses at as tiny level as similar to 0.001%, setting strict requirements on the return electron line to the Pelletron and a collector. To smooth the beam envelope in the cooling section, it has to be linear and known at the transport start. Also, strength of the relevant optic elements has to be measured with good accuracy. Beam-based optic measurements are being carried out and analysed to get this information. They include beam simulations in the Pelletron, differential optic (beam response) measurements and simulation, beam profile measurements with optical transition radiation, envelope measurements and analysis with orifice scrapers. Current results for the first half-year of commissioning are presented. Although electron cooling is already routinely used for pbar stacking, its efficiency is expected to be improved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60543 USA. RP Burov, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60543 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 139 EP 143 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900015 ER PT S AU Fischer, W AF Fischer, Wolfram BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Transverse echo measurements in RHIC SO Beam Cooling and Related Topics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE AB Diffusion counteracts cooling and the knowledge of diffusion rates is important for the calculation of cooling times and equilibrium beam sizes. Echo measurements are a potentially sensitive method to determine diffusion rates, and longitudinal measurements were done in a number of machines. We report on transverse echo measurements in RHIC and the observed dependence of echo amplitudes on a number of parameters for beams of gold and copper ions, and protons. In particular we examine the echo amplitudes of gold and copper ion bunches of varying intensity, which exhibit different diffusion rates from intrabeam scattering. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fischer, W (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 149 EP 153 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900017 ER PT S AU Burov, A Gusachenko, I Nagaitsev, S Shemyakin, A AF Burov, A. Gusachenko, I. Nagaitsev, S. Shemyakin, A. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI IBS in a CAM-dominated electron beam SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE Touschek effect; coupled optics; canonical angular momentum AB Electron cooling of the 8.9 GeV/c antiprotons in the Recycler ring requires high-quality dc electron beam with the current of several hundred mA and the kinetic energy of 4.3 MeV. That high electron current is attained through beam recirculation (charge recovery). The primary current path is from the magnetized cathode at high voltage terminal to the ground, where the electron beam interacts with the antiproton beam and cooling takes place, and then to the collector in the terminal. The energy distribution function of the electron beam at the collector determines the required collector energy acceptance. Multiple and single intra-beam scattering as well as the dissipation of density micro-fluctuations during the beam transport are studied as factors forming a core and tails of the electron energy distribution. For parameters of the Fermilab electron cooler, the single intra-beam scattering (Touschek effect) is found to be of the most importance. C1 [Burov, A.; Nagaitsev, S.; Shemyakin, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60543 USA. [Gusachenko, I.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Burov, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60543 USA. EM burov@fnal.gov RI Gusachenko, Ivan/F-2551-2010 OI Gusachenko, Ivan/0000-0002-1549-9970 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 159 EP + PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900019 ER PT S AU Brennan, JM Blaskiewicz, M AF Brennan, J. M. Blaskiewicz, M. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Bunched beam stochastic cooling project for RHIC SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE stochastic cooling; bunched beam cooling; heavy ion collider AB The main performance limitation for RHIC is emittance growth caused by IntraBeam Scattering during the store. We have developed a longitudinal bunched-beam stochastic cooling system in the 5-8 GHz band which will be used to counteract IBS longitudinal emittance growth and prevent de-bunching during the store. Solutions to the technical problems of achieving sufficient kicker voltage and overcoming the electronic saturation effects caused by coherent components within the Schottky spectrum are described. Results from tests with copper ions in RHIC during the FY05 physics run, including the observation of signal suppression, are presented. C1 [Brennan, J. M.; Blaskiewicz, M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brennan, JM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM brennan@bnl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 185 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900023 ER PT S AU Blaskiewicz, M Brennan, JM AF Blaskiewicz, M. Brennan, J. M. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Bunched beam stochastic cooling and coherent lines SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE stochastic cooling; coherence AB Strong coherent signals complicate bunched beam stochastic cooling, and development of the longitudinal stochastic cooling system for RHIC required dealing with coherence in heavy ion beams. Studies with proton beams revealed additional forms of coherence. This paper presents data and analysis for both sorts of beams. C1 [Blaskiewicz, M.; Brennan, J. M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, 911B, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Blaskiewicz, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, 911B, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM blaskiewicz@bnl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 206 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900026 ER PT S AU Broemmelsiek, D Gattuso, C AF Broemmelsiek, D. Gattuso, C. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Fermilab recycler stochastic cooling for luminosity production SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE stochastic cooling; recycler AB The Fermilab Recycler began regularly delivering antiprotons for Tevatron luminosity operations in 2005. Methods for tuning the Recycler stochastic cooling system are presented. The unique conditions and resulting procedures for minimizing the longitudinal phase space density of the Recycler antiproton beam are outlined. C1 [Broemmelsiek, D.; Gattuso, C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Broemmelsiek, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM broemmel@fnal.gov; gattuso@fnal.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 226 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900029 ER PT S AU Lebedev, V AF Lebedev, Valeri BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Stochastic cooling with Schottky band overlap SO Beam Cooling and Related Topics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE stochastic cooling; band overlap; antiproton stacking AB Optimal use of stochastic cooling is essential to maximize the antiproton stacking rate for Tevatron Run II. Good understanding and characterization of the cooling is important for the optimization. The paper is devoted to derivation of the Fokker-Plank equations justified in the case of near or full Schottky base overlap for both longitudinal and transverse coolings. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Lebedev, V (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 231 EP 236 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900030 ER PT S AU Derwent, P McGinnis, D Pasquinelli, R Meulen, DV Werkema, S AF Derwent, P. F. McGinnis, David Pasquinelli, Ralph Meulen, David Vander Werkema, Steven BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Debuncher cooling performance SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE stochastic cooling; antiproton beams AB We present measurements of the Fermilab Debuncher momentum and transverse cooling systems. These systems use liquid helium cooled waveguide pickups and slotted waveguide kickers covering the frequency range 4-8 GHz. C1 [Derwent, P. F.; McGinnis, David; Pasquinelli, Ralph; Meulen, David Vander; Werkema, Steven] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Derwent, P (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM derwent@fnal.gov; mcginnis@fnal.gov; pasquin@fnal.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 237 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900031 ER PT S AU Derwent, PF Cullerton, E McGinnis, D Pasquinelli, R Sun, D Tinsley, D AF Derwent, P. F. Cullerton, Ed McGinnis, David Pasquinelli, Ralph Sun, Ding Tinsley, David BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Performance and upgrades of the Fermilab Accumulator Stacktail Stochastic Cooling SO Beam Cooling and Related Topics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE stochastic cooling; antiproton beams AB We report on the performance and planned upgrades to the Fermilab Accumulator Stack-tail Stochastic Cooling System. The current system has achieved a maximum flux of 16.5e 10/hour, limited by the input flux of antiprotons. The upgrades are designed to handle flux in excess of 40e 10/hour. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Derwent, P (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 242 EP 246 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900032 ER PT S AU Galnander, B Fedotov, A Litvinenko, V Lofnes, T Sidorin, A Smirnov, A Ziemann, V AF Galnander, B. Fedotov, A. V. Litvinenko, V. N. Lofnes, T. Sidorin, A. O. Smirnov, A. V. Ziemann, V. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Cooling force measurements at CELSIUS SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE electron cooling; friction force ID BEAM AB The design of future high energy coolers relies heavily on extending the results of cooling force measurements into new regimes by using simulation codes. In order to carefully benchmark these codes we have accurately measured the longitudinal friction force in CELSIUS by recording the phase shift between the beam and the RF voltage while varying the RF frequency. Moreover, parameter dependencies on the electron current, solenoid magnetic field and magnetic field alignment were carried out. C1 [Galnander, B.; Lofnes, T.; Ziemann, V.] Svedberg Lab, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. [Fedotov, A. V.; Litvinenko, V. N.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Sidorin, A. O.; Smirnov, A. V.] JINR, Dubna, Russia. RP Galnander, B (reprint author), Svedberg Lab, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. EM bjorn.galnander@tsl.uu.se; fedotov@bnl.gov; vl@bnl.gov; smirnov@jinr.ru RI Smirnov, Alexander/E-3709-2014 FU INTAS [03-54-5584]; US Department of Energy FX We would like to thank Dag Reistad and Ilan Ben-Zvi for numerous useful discussions and constant support during these studies. We are grateful to Oliver Boine-Frankenheim for taking an active role in planning of these experiments. A. Sidorin, A. Smirnov, and V. Ziemann acknowledge the support from INTAS grant 03-54-5584 "Advanced Beam Dynamics for Storage Rings". This work is supported by the US Department of Energy. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 259 EP + PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900034 ER PT S AU Fedotov, A Galnander, B Litvinenko, V Loffnes, T Sidorin, AO Smimov, AV Ziemann, V AF Fedotov, A. V. Galnander, B. Litvinenko, V. N. Loffnes, T. Sidorin, A. O. Smimov, A. V. Ziemann, V. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Experimental benchmarking of the magnetized friction force SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE electron cooling; beam dynamics; friction force AB High-energy electron cooling, presently considered as essential tool for several applications in high-energy and nuclear physics, requires accurate description of the friction force. A series of measurements were performed at CELSIUS with the goal to provide accurate data needed for the benchmarking of theories and simulations. Some results of accurate comparison of experimental data with the friction force formulas are presented. C1 [Fedotov, A. V.; Litvinenko, V. N.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Galnander, B.; Loffnes, T.; Ziemann, V.] Svedberg Lab, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. [Sidorin, A. O.; Smimov, A. V.] JINR, Dubna, Russia. RP Fedotov, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM fedotov@bnl.gov; bjom.galnander@tsl.uu.se; smirnov@jinr.ru FU INTAS [03-54-5584]; US Department of Energy FX We would like to thank Dag Reistad and the The Svedberg Laboratory for providing beam time and support during these experiments. We thank Ilan Ben-Zvi for numerous useful discussions and constant support during these studies. We are grateful to Oliver Boine-Frankenheim for taking an active role in planning of these experiments. A. Sidorin, A. Smirnov, and V. Ziemann acknowledge the support from INTAS grant 03-54-5584 "Advanced Beam Dynamics for Storage Rings". This work is supported by the US Department of Energy. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 265 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900035 ER PT S AU Shemyakin, A Burov, A Carlson, K Hu, M Kazakevich, G Kramper, B Kroc, T Leibfritz, J Nagaitsev, S Prost, L Pruss, S Saewert, G Schmidt, CW Seletskiy, S Sutherland, M Tupikov, V Warner, A AF Shemyakin, A. Burov, A. Carlson, K. Hu, M. Kazakevich, G. Kramper, B. Kroc, T. Leibfritz, J. Nagaitsev, S. Prost, L. Pruss, S. Saewert, G. Schmidt, C. W. Seletskiy, S. Sutherland, M. Tupikov, V. Warner, A. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Attainment of a high-quality electron beam for Fermilab's 4.3 MeV cooler SO Beam Cooling and Related Topics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE electron cooling; electrostatic accelerator; electron beam AB The recent demonstration of electron cooling of antiprotons in the Recycler ring required a stable 4.3 MeV electron beam with a DC current of hundreds of mA and an angular spread in the cooling section of a fraction of a mrad. This paper describes the achieved parameters of the Fermilab cooler's electron beam and details of operation. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Shemyakin, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 280 EP 288 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900037 ER PT S AU Nagaitsev, S Meshkov, I AF Nagaitsev, Sergei Meshkov, Igor BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Summary report: Working group on COSY 2 MV cooler SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE C1 [Nagaitsev, Sergei] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Meshkov, Igor] Dubna Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna 141980, Russia. RP Nagaitsev, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM nsergei@fnal.gov; meshkov@jinr.ru NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 317 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900041 ER PT S AU Fedotov, AV Bruhwiler, DL Abell, DT Sidorin, AO AF Fedotov, A. V. Bruhwiler, D. L. Abell, D. T. Sidorin, A. O. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Detailed studies of electron cooling friction force SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE electron cooling; beam dynamics; friction force AB High-energy electron cooling for RHIC presents many unique features and challenges. An accurate estimate of the cooling times requires detailed simulation of the electron cooling process. The first step towards such calculations is to have an accurate description of the cooling force. Numerical simulations are being used to explore various features of the friction force which appear due to several effects, including the anisotropy of the electron distribution in velocity space and the effect of a strong solenoidal magnetic field. These aspects are being studied in detail using the VORPAL code, which explicitly resolves close binary collisions. Results are compared with available asymptotic and empirical formulas and also, using the BETACOOL code, with direct numerical integration of less approximate expressions over the specified electron distribution function. C1 [Fedotov, A. V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Bruhwiler, D. L.; Abell, D. T.] Tech X Corp, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Sidorin, A. O.] JINR, Dubna, Russia. RP Fedotov, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM fedotov@bnl.gov; bruhwile@txcorp.com RI Fedorov, Andrei/E-9455-2014 FU US Department of Energy FX Work supported by the US Department of Energy. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 319 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900042 ER PT S AU Bell, GI Bruhwiler, DL Litvinenko, VN Busby, R Abell, DT Messmer, P Veitzer, S Cary, JR AF Bell, G. I. Bruhwiler, D. L. Litvinenko, V. N. Busby, R. Abell, D. T. Messmer, P. Veitzer, S. Cary, J. R. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Simulations of dynamical friction including spatially-varying magnetic fields SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE electron cooling; beam dynamics; friction force ID SCHEME AB A proposed luminosity upgrade to the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) includes a novel electron cooling section [1], which would use similar to 55 MeV electrons to cool fully-ionized 100 GeV/nucleon gold ions. We consider the dynamical friction force exerted on individual ions due to a relevant electron distribution. The electrons may be focussed by a strong solenoid field, with sensitive dependence on errors [2], or by a wiggler field [3]. In the rest frame of the relativistic co-propagating electron and ion beams, where the friction force can be simulated for nonrelativistic motion and electrostatic fields, the Lorentz transform of these spatially-varying magnetic fields includes strong, rapidly-varying electric fields. Previous friction force simulations for unmagnetized electrons or effor-free solenoids used a 4(th)-order Hermite algorithm [2,3,4], which is not well-suited for the inclusion of strong, rapidly-varying external fields. We present here a new algorithm for friction force simulations, using an exact two-body collision model to accurately resolve close interactions between electron/ion pairs. This field-free binary-collision model is combined with a modified Boris push [5,6], using an operator-splitting approach, to include the effects of external fields. The algorithm has been implemented in the VORPAL code [7] and successfully benchmarked. C1 [Bell, G. I.; Bruhwiler, D. L.; Busby, R.; Abell, D. T.; Messmer, P.; Veitzer, S.; Cary, J. R.] TechX Corp, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Litvinenko, V. N.] Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Cary, J. R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Bell, GI (reprint author), TechX Corp, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. EM bruhwile@txcorp.com FU U.S. DOE Office of Science; Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG03-01ER83313, DE-FG02-04ER84094] FX This work is supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under grants DE-FG03-01ER83313 and DE-FG02-04ER84094. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 329 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900043 ER PT S AU Kroc, TK Burov, AV Bolshakov, TB Shemyakin, A Seletskiy, SM AF Kroc, T. K. Burov, A. V. Bolshakov, T. B. Shemyakin, A. Seletskiy, S. M. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Electron beam size measurements in the Fermilab electron cooling system SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE electron cooling; diagnostics; beam measurement AB The Fermilab Electron Cooling Project requires a straight trajectory and constant beam size to provide maximum cooling of the antiprotons in the Recycler. A measurement system was developed using movable apertures and steering bumps to measure the beam size in a 20m long, nearly continuous, solenoid. This paper will focus on results of these measurements of the beam size and the difficulties in making those measurements Keywords: Electron cooling, diagnostics, beam measurements. C1 [Kroc, T. K.; Burov, A. V.; Bolshakov, T. B.; Shemyakin, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Seletskiy, S. M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Kroc, TK (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM kroc@fnal.gov; burov@fnal.gov; shemyakin@fnal.gov; smsvm@fnal.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 370 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900051 ER PT S AU Tupikov, V Kazakevich, G Kroc, TK Nagaitsev, S Prost, L Shemyakin, A Schmidt, CW Sutherland, M Warner, A AF Tupikov, V. Kazakevich, G. Kroc, T. K. Nagaitsev, S. Prost, L. Shemyakin, A. Schmidt, C. W. Sutherland, M. Warner, A. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Magnetic field measurement and compensation in the Recycler Electron Cooler SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE electron cooling AB Cooling of 8.9-GeV/c antiprotons in the Recycler Electron Cooler requires a round 4.34-MeV electron beam with a small angular spread propagating through a 20-m long cooling section. To confine the electron beam tightly and to keep its total transverse angles below 0.2 mrad the cooling section is immersed in a solenoidal field of 50-200 G. The field was measured with a compass-based sensor (transversal) and a hall-probe (longitudinal) after installation of the solenoids into the Recycler tunnel. For the field strength of 105 G, the transverse field components were compensated to the level that provided corresponding dipole beam oscillations below 0.1 mrad, which in turn allowed the first cooling of antiprotons in the GeV energy range. This paper discusses the field measurements and compensation scheme including the results of dipole oscillation measurements. C1 [Tupikov, V.; Kroc, T. K.; Nagaitsev, S.; Prost, L.; Shemyakin, A.; Schmidt, C. W.; Sutherland, M.; Warner, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kazakevich, G.] Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Tupikov, V (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM tupikov@fnal.gov; kroc@fnal.gov; nsergei@fnal.gov; lprost@fnal.gov; shemyakin@fnal.gov; warner@fnal.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 375 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900052 ER PT S AU Warner, A Burov, A Carlson, K Kazakevich, G Nagaitsev, S Prost, L Sutherland, A Tiunov, A AF Warner, A. Burov, A. Carlson, K. Kazakevich, G. Nagaitsev, S. Prost, L. Sutherland, A. Tiunov, A. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI OTR measurements and modeling of the electron beam optics at the E-cooling facility SO Beam Cooling and Related Topics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE optical transition radiation; CCD camera; electron beam; accelerator; bremsstrahlung AB Optics of the electron beam accelerated in the Pelletron, intended for the electron cooling of 8.9 GeV antiprotons in the Fermilab recycler storage ring, has been studied. The beam profile parameters were measured under the accelerating section using Optical Transition Radiation (OTR) monitor. The monitor employs a highly-reflective 2 inch-diameter aluminum OTR-screen with a thickness of 5 mu m and a digital CCD camera. The measurements were done in a pulse-signal mode in the beam current range of 0.03-0.8 A and at pulse durations ranging from I Its to 4 mu s. Differential profiles measured in pulsed mode are compared with results obtained by modeling of the DC beam dynamics from the Pelletron cathode to the OTR monitor. The modeling was done with SAM, ULTRASAM and BEAM programs. An adjustment of the magnetic fields in the lenses of the accelerating section was done in the simulations. The simulated electron beam optics downstream of the accelerating section was in good agreement with the measurements made with pulsed beam. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60543 USA. RP Warner, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60543 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 380 EP 385 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900053 ER PT S AU Prost, LR Shemyakin, A AF Prost, L. R. Shemyakin, A. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Full discharges in Fermilab's electron cooler SO Beam Cooling and Related Topics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE discharge; electron; cooling; Pelletron; conditioning; protection; beam loss AB Fermilab's 4.3 MeV electron cooler is based on an electrostatic accelerator, which generates a DC electron beam in an energy recovery mode. Effective cooling of the antiprotons in the Recycler requires that the beam remains stable for hours. While short beam interruptions do not deteriorate the performance of the Recycler ring, the beam may provoke fall discharges in the accelerator, which significantly affect the duty factor of the machine as well as the reliability of various components. Although cooling of 8 GeV antiprotons has been successfully achieved, full discharges still occur in the current setup. The paper describes factors leading to full discharges and ways to prevent them. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Prost, LR (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 391 EP 396 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900055 ER PT S AU Johnson, RP Alsharo'a, M Ankenbrandt, C Barzi, E Beard, K Bogacz, SA Derbenev, Y Del Frate, L Gonin, I Hanlet, PM Hartline, R Kaplan, DM Kuchnir, M Moretti, A Neuffer, D Paul, K Popovic, M Roberts, TJ Romanov, G Turrioni, D Yarba, V Yonehara, K AF Johnson, Rolland P. Alsharo'a, Mohammad Ankenbrandt, Charles Barzi, Emanuela Beard, Kevin Bogacz, S. Alex Derbenev, Yaroslav Del Frate, Licia Gonin, Ivan Hanlet, Pierrick M. Hartline, Robert Kaplan, Daniel M. Kuchnir, Moyses Moretti, Alfred Neuffer, David Paul, Kevin Popovic, Milorad Roberts, Thomas J. Romanov, Gennady Turrioni, Daniele Yarba, Victor Yonehara, Katsuya BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Recent innovations in muon beam cooling SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE muon beam cooling; helical magnet; muon collider AB Eight new ideas are being developed under SBIR/STTR grants to cool muon beams for colliders, neutrino factories, and muon experiments. Analytical and simulation studies have confirmed that a six-dimensional (613) cooling channel based on helical magnets surrounding RF cavities filled with dense hydrogen gas can provide effective beam cooling. This helical cooling channel (HCC) has solenoidal, helical dipole, helical quadrupole, and helical sextupole magnetic fields to generate emittance exchange and achieve 6D emittance reduction of over 3 orders of magnitude in a 100 in segment. Four such sequential HCC segments, where the RF frequencies are increased and transverse physical dimensions reduced as the beams become cooler, implies a 6D emittance reduction of almost five orders of magnitude. Two new cooling ideas, Parametric-resonance Ionization Cooling and Reverse Emittance Exchange, then can be employed to reduce transverse emittances to a few mm-mr, which allows high luminosity with fewer muons than previously imagined. We describe these new ideas as well as a new precooling idea based on a HCC with z dependent fields that can be used as MANX, an exceptional 6D cooling demonstration experiment. C1 [Johnson, Rolland P.; Alsharo'a, Mohammad; Hanlet, Pierrick M.; Hartline, Robert; Kuchnir, Moyses; Paul, Kevin; Roberts, Thomas J.; Yonehara, Katsuya] Muons Inc, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Ankenbrandt, Charles; Barzi, Emanuela; Del Frate, Licia; Gonin, Ivan; Moretti, Alfred; Neuffer, David; Popovic, Milorad; Romanov, Gennady; Turrioni, Daniele; Yarba, Victor] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kaplan, Daniel M.; Yonehara, Katsuya] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Beard, Kevin; Bogacz, S. Alex; Derbenev, Yaroslav] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA. RP Johnson, RP (reprint author), Muons Inc, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM rol@muonsinc.com; beard@jlab.org; derbenev@jlab.org; kaplan@iit.edu; neuffer@fnal.gov; kpaul@muonsinc.com; yonehara@fnal.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 405 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900057 ER PT S AU Garren, A Cline, D Kahn, S Kirk, H Mills, F AF Garren, A. Cline, D. Kahn, S. Kirk, H. Mills, F. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI 6D cooling of a circulating muon beam SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE AB We discuss the conceptual design of a system to reduce the 6D emittance of a circulating muon beam. This system utilizes ionization cooling to achieve 6D phase reduction of the beam. Our design is based on a hydrogen gas filled ring which incorporates optics consisting of weak-focusing dipoles and 200 MHz rf cavities which restore the ionization energy loss due to the unions traversing the hydrogen gas. C1 [Garren, A.; Cline, D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Kahn, S.] Muons Inc, Batavia, IL USA. [Kirk, H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Mills, F.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Garren, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM aagarren@lbl.gov; kahn@bnl.gov; fmills@fnal.gov FU US DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-FG02-92ER40695] FX This work was performed with the support of the US DOE under Contact No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 and Grant No. DE-FG02-92ER40695. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 415 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900058 ER PT S AU Derbenev, Y Johnson, RP AF Derbenev, Yaroslav Johnson, Rolland P. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Parametric-resonance ionization cooling and reverse emittance exchange for muon colliders SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE muon beam cooling; muon collider AB Two new ideas are being developed to reduce the transverse emittance of muon beams in order to increase the luminosity of muon colliders. The first idea involves driving a 1/2-integer parametric resonance in a beam line or ring such that particle motion becomes hyperbolic, where xx'=constant. With the proper phase of the resonance driving term, particles move to larger and larger x' and smaller and smaller x at the position of a thin wedge absorber. The usual mechanism of ionization cooling reduces or constrains the excursion in x' while the dynamics of the resonance reduces the spread of x. The second idea takes advantage of the large reduction of relative momentum spread with increasing momentum in going from a few hundred MeV/c where the beam is cooled to a few TeV/c for an energy frontier collider. In this case we can use thin wedge absorbers to exchange the transverse and longitudinal emittances to make the transverse emittance smaller. These two ideas depend on careful control of the lattice functions and corrections for chromatic and spherical aberrations. We discuss these ideas and their potential luminosity implications considering the limitations of aberration corrections and of space charge effects. C1 [Derbenev, Yaroslav] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Johnson, Rolland P.] Muons Inc, Batavia, IL USA. RP Derbenev, Y (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM derbenev@jlab.org; rol@muonsinc.com NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 420 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900059 ER PT S AU Torun, Y Bross, A Li, D Moretti, A Norem, J Qian, Z Rimmer, RA Zisman, MS AF Torun, Y. Bross, A. Li, D. Moretti, A. Norem, J. Qian, Z. Rimmer, R. A. Zisman, M. S. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI The muon cooling RF R&D program SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE ID ELECTRON-EMISSION; BREAKDOWN AB Cooling muon beams in flight requires absorbers to reduce the muon momentum, accelerating fields to replace the lost momentum in the longitudinal direction, and static solenoidal magnetic fields to focus the muon beams. The process is most efficient if both the magnetic fields and accelerating fields are high and the rf frequency is low. We have conducted tests to determine the operating envelope of high-gradient accelerating cavities in strong static magnetic fields. These studies have already produced useful information on dark currents, magnetic fields and breakdown in cavities. In addition to continuing our program at 805 MHz, we are starting to test a 201 MHz cavity and are planning to look at a variety of appropriate geometries and materials. In parallel with these activities, we are supporting R&D on models and surface structure. C1 [Torun, Y.] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Bross, A.; Moretti, A.; Qian, Z.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Li, D.; Zisman, M. S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Norem, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rimmer, R. A.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Torun, Y (reprint author), IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM torun@iit.edu OI Torun, Yagmur/0000-0003-2336-6585 FU U. S. Department of Energym, Office of High Energy Physics; Illinois Board of Higher Education FX This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of High Energy Physics and the Illinois Board of Higher Education. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 437 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900062 ER PT S AU Darve, C Norris, B Pei, LJ AF Darve, Christine Norris, Barry Pei, Liujin BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Cryogenics for the MuCool Test Area (MTA) SO Beam Cooling and Related Topics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE muon cooling; cryogenics; hydrogen absorbers; helium plant AB MuCool Test Area (MTA) is a complex of buildings at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, which are dedicated to operate components of a cooling cell to be used for Moon Collider and Neutrino Factory R&D. The long-term goal of this facility is to test ionization cooling principles by operating a 25-liter liquid hydrogen (LH2) absorber embedded in a 5 Tesla superconducting solenoid magnet. The MTA solenoid magnet will be used with RF cavities exposed to a high intensity beam. Cryogens used at the MTA include LHe, LN2 and LH2. The latter dictates stringent system design for hazardous locations. The cryogenic plant is a modified Tevatron refrigerator based on the Claude cycle. The implementation of an in-house refrigerator system and two 300 kilowatt screw compressors is under development. The helium refrigeration capacity is 500 W at 14 K. In addition the MTA solenoid magnet will be batch-filled with LHe every 2 days using the same cryo-plant. This paper reviews cryogenic systems used to support the Muon Collider and Neutrino Factory R&D programs and emphasizes the feasibility of handling cryogenic equipment at MTA in a safe manner. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Cryogen Dept, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Darve, C (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Cryogen Dept, MS 347, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 448 EP 452 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900064 ER PT S AU Beard, K Bogacz, SA Derbenev, Y Yonehara, K Johnson, RP Paul, K Roberts, TJ AF Beard, Kevin Bogacz, S. Alex Derbenev, Yaroslav Yonehara, Katsuya Johnson, Rolland P. Paul, Kevin Roberts, Thomas J. BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI G4beamline simulations of parametric resonance ionization cooling of muon beams SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE AB The technique of using a parametric resonance to allow better ionization cooling is being developed to create small emittance beams so that high collider luminosity can be achieved with fewer muons. While parametric resonance ionization cooling (PIC) of muons has been shown to work in matrix-based simulations using optim [1] when the system is properly tuned, doing the same using a much more detailed GEANT-based g4beamline [2] simulation has been more difficult. C1 [Beard, Kevin; Bogacz, S. Alex; Derbenev, Yaroslav] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Yonehara, Katsuya] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Johnson, Rolland P.; Paul, Kevin; Roberts, Thomas J.] Muons Inc, Batavia, IL USA. RP Beard, K (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM beard@jlab.org; derbenev@jlab.org; yonehara@fnal.gov; rol@muonsinc.com; kpaul@muonsinc.com NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 453 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900065 ER PT S AU Yonehara, K Beard, K Bogacz, A Derbenev, Y Johnson, RP Kaplan, D Paul, K Roberts, T AF Yonehara, Katsuya Beard, Kevin Bogacz, Alex Derbenev, Yaroslav Johnson, Rolland P. Kaplan, Daniel Paul, Kevin Roberts, Thomas BE Nagaitsev, S Pasquinelli, RJ TI Simulations of MANX, a practical six dimensional muon beam cooling experiment SO BEAM COOLING AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics (COOL05) CY SEP 18-23, 2005 CL Galena, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, US DOE DE muon beam cooling; helical magnet; muon collider AB A helical cooling channel (HCC) has been proposed to quickly reduce the six-dimensional phase space of muon beams for muon colliders, neutrino factories, and intense muon sources. Simulation studies of the HCC have already verified the use of a channel with solenoidal, and helical magnetic fields of constant amplitude where, by moving to a rotating frame, a z or time-independent Hamiltonian can be obtained for detailed analytic treatment. In the discussion below, the HCC concept has been extended to have momentum-dependent magnetic field strengths for a six-dimensional Muon collider And Neutrino factory muon beam cooling demonstration eXperiment (MANX). The simulation studies reported here for this experiment have shown that liquid helium can be used as an energy absorber and coolant for superconducting magnetic coils and that the HCC parameters can be varied to reduce the maximum required field magnitudes. These developments make the experiment more practical in that safety requirements are relaxed and the required fields can be achieved with existing technology. C1 [Yonehara, Katsuya; Kaplan, Daniel] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Yonehara, Katsuya; Johnson, Rolland P.; Paul, Kevin; Roberts, Thomas] Muons Inc, Batavia, IL USA. [Beard, Kevin; Bogacz, Alex; Derbenev, Yaroslav] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA. RP Yonehara, K (reprint author), IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM yonehara@fnal.gov; beard@jlab.org; derbenev@jlab.org; rol@muonsinc.com; kaplan@iit.edu; kpaul@muonsinc.com NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0314-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 821 BP 458 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BEG56 UT WOS:000237224900066 ER PT S AU Huang, HX Kurita, K AF Huang, Haixin Kurita, Kazuyoshi BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Fiddling carbon strings with polarized proton beams SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE proton beams; accelerator instrumentation AB An innovative polarimeter based on proton carbon elastic scattering in the Coulomb Nuclear Interference (CNI) region was first successfully tested in the Brookhaven AGS. CNI Polarimeters were then installed in the AGS and both RHIC rings. The polarimeter consists of ultra-thin carbon targets and silicon strip detectors. The waveform digitizers used for signal readout allow deadtime-less data processing on the fly. Polarimeters are crucial instrumentation for the RHIC spin physics program. This paper summarizes the polarimeter design issues and operation results. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Div, Bldg 902, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Kurita, Kazuyoshi] Rikkyo Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Kurita, Kazuyoshi] RIKEN, RI Beam Sci Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RP Huang, HX (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Div, Bldg 902, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU Department of Energy of the United States and RIKEN of Japan FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy of the United States and RIKEN of Japan. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 3 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600001 ER PT S AU Stockli, MP AF Stockli, Martin P. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Measuring and analyzing the transverse emittance of charged particle beams SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE ID GHOST SIGNALS; ION-BEAMS; SCANNERS AB The emittance is an important characteristic of propagating charged particle beams, because it allows the prediction of focus size and beam losses. After introducing the concept and various definitions of the emittance and Twiss parameters, useful applications of this representation will be explored for the transverse emittances of charged particle beams. This is followed by a presentation of different measuring methods, together with their advantages and disadvantages. The second part discusses the analysis of emittance data, and possible mitigations for effects introduced by noise, bias, and other artifacts. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Stockli, MP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 25 EP 62 PG 38 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600002 ER PT S AU Shiltsev, V Jansson, A Moore, R AF Shiltsev, Vladimir Jansson, Andreas Moore, Ronald BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Tevatron instrumentation: Boosting collider performance SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE Tevatron; proton-antiproton collider; beam diagnostics AB The Tevatron in Collider Run II (2001-present) is operating with six times more bunches and many times higher beam intensities and luminosities than in Run I (1992-1995). Beam diagnostics were crucial for the machine start-up and the never-ending luminosity upgrade campaign. We present the overall picture of the Tevatron diagnostics development for Run II, outline machine needs for new instrumentation, present several notable examples that led to Tevatron performance improvements, and discuss the lessons for the next big machines - LHC and ILC. C1 [Shiltsev, Vladimir; Jansson, Andreas; Moore, Ronald] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Shiltsev, V (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 65 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600003 ER PT S AU Pinayev, I AF Pinayev, Igor BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Lepton beam emittance instrumentation SO Beam Instrumentation Workshop 2006 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE diagnostics; emittance; instrumentation ID SYNCHROTRON-LIGHT-SOURCE AB Emittance is one of the major characteristics of charged particle beams. In this paper, we will present techniques used for measuring emittance for the sources, linear and circular accelerators. Invasive and non-invasive methods are described and their advantages and limitations are discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Pinayev, I (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Mail Stop 725C,POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 112 EP 123 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600006 ER PT S AU Yang, BX AF Yang, Bingxin BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Streak camera 101: Visualizing charged-particle beam dynamics SO Beam Instrumentation Workshop 2006 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE synchrotron radiation; streak camera; photon diagnostics; accelerator physics AB Radiation generated by high-energy particle beams such as optical transition radiation (OTR) and optical synchrotron radiation (OSR) is widely used to characterize the beam properties. It has enabled dual-sweep streak cameras to visualize charged-particle beam dynamics. In this introductory paper, we will discuss properties of dual-sweep streak cameras and basic optics systems for imaging charged-particle bunches at different projection angles to produce top view, side view, and front view. Examples will be used to illustrate the beam dynamics that streak images reveal. We will also discuss practical considerations of optical transport line design to preserve spatial and temporal resolution of the camera system. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yang, BX (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 124 EP 137 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600007 ER PT S AU Tenenbaum, P AF Tenenbaum, Peter BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Beam instrumentation challenges at the International Linear Collider SO Beam Instrumentation Workshop 2006 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE ID MONITOR AB The International Linear Collider (ILC) is a proposed facility for the study of high energy physics through electron-positron collisions at center-of-mass energies up to 500 GeV and luminosities up to 2 x 10(34) cm(-2) sec(-1). Meeting the ILC's goals will require an extremely sophisticated suite of beam instruments for the preservation of beam emittance, the diagnosis of optical errors and ntismatches, the determination of beam properties required for particle physics purposes, and machine protection. The instrumentation foreseen for the ILC is qualitatively similar to equipment in use at other accelerator facilities in the world, but in many cases the precision, accuracy, stability, or dynamic range required by the ILC exceed what is typically available in today's accelerators. In this paper we survey the beam instrumentation requirements of the ILC and describe the system components which are expected to meet those requirements. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Tenenbaum, P (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 138 EP 148 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600008 ER PT S AU van Tilborg, J Schroeder, CB Toth, C Esarey, E Leemans, WP AF van Tilborg, J. Schroeder, C. B. Toth, C. Esarey, E. Leemans, W. P. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Terahertz radiation as a bunch diagnostic for laser-wakefield-accelerated electron bunches SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE coherent radiation; beam diagnostics; laser-based accelerators ID COHERENT TRANSITION RADIATION; GENERATION; BREAKING; PULSES; BEAM AB Experimental results are reported on the temporal and spectral characterization of coherent terahertz (THz) radiation. The radiation is emitted by relativistic electron bunches, which in turn are produced by a laser-driven plasma-based accelerator. As the femtosecond electron bunches exit the plasma-vacuum interface, coherent transition radiation (at THz frequencies) is emitted. Measuring the properties of this radiation allows characterization of the electron bunches. Theoretical work on the emission mechanism is presented, including a model that calculates the THz waveform from a given bunch profile. It is found that the spectrum of the THz pulse is coherent up to the 200-mu m-thick ZnTe detection limit of 4 THz, which corresponds to the production of sub-50 fs (root-mean-square) electron bunch structure. The measurements demonstrate both the shot-to-shot stability of bunch parameters that are critical to THz emission (such as total charge and bunch length), as well as femtosecond synchronization between bunch, THz pulse, and laser beam. C1 [van Tilborg, J.; Schroeder, C. B.; Toth, C.; Esarey, E.; Leemans, W. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP van Tilborg, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Schroeder, Carl/0000-0002-9610-0166 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, High Energy Physics [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, High Energy Physics under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We greatly appreciate contributions from C.G.R. Geddes, K. Nakamura, D. Syversrud and N. Ybarrolaza. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 149 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600009 ER PT S AU Jansson, A Fitzpatrick, T Bowie, K Kwarciany, R Lundberg, C Slimmer, D Valerio, L Zagel, J AF Jansson, A. Fitzpatrick, T. Bowie, K. Kwarciany, R. Lundberg, C. Slimmer, D. Valerio, L. Zagel, J. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI The Tevatron ionization profile monitors SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE ionization profile monitor; emittance; matching AB In designing an ionization profile monitor system for the Tevatron some novel approaches were taken, in particular for the readout electronics. This was motivated by the desire to resolve the individual bunches in both proton and pbar beams simultaneously. For this purpose, custom-made electronics originally developed for Particle Physics experiments was used to provide a fast charge integration with very low noise. The various parts of the readout electronics have been borrowed or adapted from the KTev, CMS, MINOS and BTev experiments. The detector itself also had to be modified to provide clean signals with sufficient bandwidth. The system design will be described along with the initial results. C1 [Jansson, A.; Fitzpatrick, T.; Bowie, K.; Kwarciany, R.; Lundberg, C.; Slimmer, D.; Valerio, L.; Zagel, J.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Jansson, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 159 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600010 ER PT S AU Cameron, P DellaPenna, A Hoff, L Gasior, M Jones, R Luo, Y Marusic, A Ptitsyn, V Schultheiss, C Tan, CY Tepikian, S AF Cameron, P. DellaPenna, A. Hoff, L. Gasior, M. Jones, R. Luo, Y. Marusic, A. Ptitsyn, V. Schultheiss, C. Tan, C. Y. Tepikian, S. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Simultaneous tune and coupling feedback during RHIC run 6 SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE AB The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is a versatile facility, capable of operating with both polarized protons and a variety of ion species over a broad range of energies. Acceleration ramp requirements change frequently to meet the needs of the physics experiments. There has been an ongoing effort at RHIC to implement reliable betatron tune feedback as a tool for ramp development, and possibly to control tune during routine operations. Vertical orbit fluctuations in the chromaticity correction sextupoles during ramping are sufficient to fully couple the tunes. This complicates tune control, and with tune feedback causes the basis in which tune errors are reported to not match the basis used to correct the quadrupole currents, leading to feedback instability. This problem has been overcome by using realtime measurements of the coupling projections of both betatron eigenmodes to close feedback loops onto two skew quadrupole families. This minimizes coupling and matches the tune and coupling reporting basis to the correction basis. We report on successful simultaneous tune and coupling feedback during RHIC ramp development and implications of this effort for the LHC[1]. C1 [Cameron, P.; DellaPenna, A.; Hoff, L.; Luo, Y.; Marusic, A.; Ptitsyn, V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Gasior, M.; Jones, R.; Tepikian, S.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Tan, C. Y.] Tevatron Dept, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Cameron, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU US DOE [DE-AC02-98CH1-886]; US-LHC A ccelerator Research Program and Renaissance Technologies Corp FX Work performed under US DOE contract DE-AC02-98CH1-886, and with support of the US-LHC Accelerator Research Program and Renaissance Technologies Corp. (USA) NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 168 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600011 ER PT S AU Weber, JM Chin, MJ AF Weber, J. M. Chin, M. J. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Using FPGAs with embedded processors for complete hardware and software systems SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE fPGA; embedded; hardware; software; control system AB Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) with embedded processors allow the instrumentation designer to field a system that tightly couples high speed (> 500MHz) digital logic to a Control Systems-friendly software platform (i.e. Linux, VxWorks, EPICs). This technology merges CPU and I/O functions onto a single board allowing greater flexibility in physical form factor, power requirements, and data management. Without being constrained by a bus standard, hardware and software can join in a malleable design template. LBNL is currently using this technique to design a control system module for ALS booster top off operation and has completed designs for PEP-II transverse feedback electronics and ALS bunch cleaning. This presentation will include a hands-on demonstration of an FPGA evaluation board running a simplified example of a control system interface. C1 [Weber, J. M.; Chin, M. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Weber, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098 NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 187 EP + PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600013 ER PT S AU Evtushenko, P Coleman, J Jordan, K Klopf, JM Neil, G Williams, GP AF Evtushenko, P. Coleman, J. Jordan, K. Klopf, J. Michael Neil, G. Williams, G. P. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Bunch length measurements at the JLab FEL using coherent transition and synchrotron radiation SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE bunch length; interferometer; CTR; CSR; ERL; FEL; Michelson; Martin-Puplett AB The JLab FEL is routinely operated with sub-picosecond bunches. The short bunch length is important for high gain of the FEL. Coherent transition radiation has been used for the bunch length measurements for many years [1]. This diagnostic can be used only in the pulsed beam mode. It is our goal to run the FEL with CW beam and a 74.85 MHz micropulse repetition rate, which, with the 135 pC nominal bunch charge corresponds to the beam average current of 10 mA. Hence it is very desirable to have the possibility of making bunch length measurements when running CW beam with any micropulse frequency. We use a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) interferometer, which is essentially a Michelson interferometer, to measure the spectrum of the coherent synchrotron radiation generated in the last dipole of the magnetic bunch compressor upstream of the FEL wiggler. This noninvasive diagnostic provides bunch length measurements for CW beam operation at any micropulse frequency. We also compare the measurements made with the help of the FTIR interferometer with data obtained using the Martin-Puplett interferometer [1]. Results of the two diagnostics agree within 15%. Here we present a description of the experimental setup, data evaluation procedure and results of the beam measurements. C1 [Evtushenko, P.; Coleman, J.; Jordan, K.; Klopf, J. Michael; Neil, G.; Williams, G. P.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, 1200 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Evtushenko, P (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, 1200 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. FU Office of Naval Research the Joint Technology Office; NAVSEA [PMS-405]; Air Force Research Laboratory, U.S. Army Night Vision Lab; Commonwealth of Virginia; DOE [DE-AC05-84ER40150] FX This work supported by The Office of Naval Research the Joint Technology Office, NAVSEA PMS-405, the Air Force Research Laboratory, U.S. Army Night Vision Lab, the Commonwealth of Virginia, and by DOE Contract DE-AC05-84ER40150. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 193 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600014 ER PT S AU Decker, G Rosenbaum, G Singh, O AF Decker, Glenn Rosenbaum, Gerd Singh, Om BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Development of a hard X-ray beam position monitor for insertion device beams at the APS SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE beam position monitor; synchrotron radiation; insertion device AB Long-term pointing stability requirements at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) are very stringent, at the level of 500 nanoradians peak-to-peak or better over a one-week time frame. Conventional rf beam position monitors (BPMs) close to the insertion device source points are incapable of assuring this level of stability, owing to mechanical, thermal, and electronic stability limitations. Insertion device gap-dependent systematic errors associated with the present ultraviolet photon beam position monitors similarly limit their ability to control long-term pointing stability. We report on the development of a new BPM design sensitive only to hard x-rays. Early experimental results will be presented. C1 [Decker, Glenn; Rosenbaum, Gerd; Singh, Om] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rosenbaum, Gerd] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Decker, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 202 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600015 ER PT S AU Allison, T Powers, T AF Allison, Trent Powers, Tom BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Jefferson Lab's Distributed Data Acquisition SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE Jefferson Lab; Data Acquisition AB Jefferson Lab's Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) occasionally experiences fast intermittent beam instabilities that are difficult to isolate and result in downtime. The Distributed Data Acquisition (Dist DAQ) system is being developed to detect and quickly locate such instabilities. It will consist of multiple Ethernet based data acquisition chassis distributed throughout the seven-eighths of a mile CEBAF site. Each chassis will monitor various control system signals that are only available locally and/or monitored by systems with small bandwidths that cannot identify fast transients. The chassis will collect data at rates up to 40 Msps in circular buffers that can be frozen and unrolled after an event trigger. These triggers will be derived from signals such as periodic timers or accelerator faults and be distributed via a custom fiber optic event trigger network. This triggering scheme will allow all the data acquisition chassis to be triggered simultaneously and provide a snapshot of relevant CEBAF control signals. The data will then be automatically analyzed for frequency content and transients to determine if and where instabilities exist. C1 [Allison, Trent; Powers, Tom] Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Allison, T (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 221 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600017 ER PT S AU Baboi, N Lund-Nielsen, J Noelle, D Riesch, W Traber, T Kruse, J Wendtt, M AF Baboi, N. Lund-Nielsen, J. Noelle, D. Riesch, W. Traber, T. Kruse, J. Wendtt, M. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Resolution studies at beam position monitors at the FLASH facility at DESY SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE beam position monitors; resolution; analog electronics AB More than 60 beam position monitors (BPM) are installed along about 350m of beamline of the Free Electron LASer in Hamburg (FLASH) at DESY. The room-temperature part of the accelerator is equipped mainly with stripline position monitors. In the accelerating cryo-modules there are cavity and re-entrant cavity BPMs, which will not be discussed here. In the undulator part of the machine button BPMs are used. This area requires a single bunch resolution of 10 mu m. The electronics is based on the AM/PM normalization principle and is externally triggered. Single-bunch position is measured. This paper presents the methods used to determine the resolution of the BPMs. The results based on correlations between different BPMs along the machine are compared to noise measurements in the RF lab. The performance and difficulties with the BPM design and the current electronics as well as its development are discussed. C1 [Baboi, N.; Lund-Nielsen, J.; Noelle, D.; Traber, T.; Kruse, J.] DESY, Notkestr 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Riesch, W.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Wendtt, M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Baboi, N (reprint author), DESY, Notkestr 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. EM nicoleta.baboi@desy.de; manfred@fnal.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 227 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600018 ER PT S AU Blokland, W Armstrong, G Deibele, C Pogge, J Gaidash, V AF Blokland, W. Armstrong, G. Deibele, C. Pogge, J. Gaidash, V. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI SNS Ring and RTBT Beam Current Monitor SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE beam current monitor; particle accelerator; data-acquisition; software; hardware AB The SNS Diagnostics Group has implemented Beam Current Monitors (BCM) for the Ring and RTBT (Ring to Target Beam Transferline). In the Ring, the BCM must handle a thousand-fold increase of intensity during the accumulation, and in the RTBT, the BCM must communicate the integrated charge of the beam pulse in real-time for every shot to the target division for correlation with the produced neutrons. This paper describes the development of a four channel solution for the Ring BCM and the use of FPGA for the RTBT BCM to deliver the total charge to the target over a fiber optic network. Both system versions are based on the same commercial digitizer board. C1 [Blokland, W.; Deibele, C.; Pogge, J.; Gaidash, V.] ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Armstrong, G.] Maverick Syst, Kingston, TN USA. RP Blokland, W (reprint author), ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 238 EP + PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600019 ER PT S AU Beche, JF Byrd, JM Monroy, M Ratti, A Turner, W Bravin, E AF Beche, J. F. Byrd, J. M. Monroy, M. Ratti, A. Turner, W. Bravin, E. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI High speed measurements of the LHC luminosity monitor SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE gas detector; luminosity monitor AB The LHC luminosity monitor is a gas ionization chamber designed to operate in the high radiation environment present in the TAN neutral absorbers at the LHC. One of the challenges is to measure the luminosity of individual bunch crossings with a minimum separation of 25 nsec. To test the time response and other aspects of a prototype chamber, we have performed a test using an x-ray beam of 40-60 keV with pulse spacing of 26 nsec as an ionizing beam. The tests were made at BL 8.3.2 at the Advanced Light Source (ALS). This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. C1 [Beche, J. F.; Monroy, M.; Ratti, A.; Turner, W.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bravin, E.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP Beche, JF (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JMByrd@lbl.gov FU Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We have presented the results of an x-ray test to study the time response of the LHC luminosity monitor in the presence of 40 MHz pulses. The tests indicate that the detector performs as designed and can resolve pulses at this repetition rate with no unwanted effects such a space charge. Although there is some overlap in time of the pulses, these signals can be deconvolved and is presently underway. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 246 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600020 ER PT S AU Byrd, JM De Santis, S Thurman-Keup, R AF Byrd, J. M. De Santis, S. Thurman-Keup, R. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Gated microchannel plate photomultipliers for longitudinal beam diagnostics SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE synchrotron radiation; longitudinal diagnostics; photomultiplier; storage ring AB A gated microchannel plate photomultiplier can be used as an effective tool for measuring the longitudinal distribution of particles around most electron and high-energy proton rings. The broad available wavelength range, low noise, and high sensitivity allow using such a device for measuring the emitted synchrotron radiation and to extract the beam intensity. The fast gate rise time can be used to reject strong signals coming from filled RF buckets and avoid saturation of the photocathode so that it is possible to monitor, with a high degree of resolution, gaps in the machine fill and growth of parasitic bunches. The rugged characteristics of the device and its simplicity of use make it ideal for all those applications where more complex and expensive instrumentation is not absolutely necessary. We present the experimental results obtained at the Advanced Light Source and on the Tevatron using an Hamamatsu R5916U-50 series model. C1 [Byrd, J. M.; De Santis, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Thurman-Keup, R.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Byrd, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU U.S Department of Energy [DE-AC-05CH1231] FX Work supported by the U.S Department of Energy under Contarct No. DE-AC-05CH1231. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 262 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600022 ER PT S AU Dooling, JC Donley, L Brumwell, FR McMichael, GE Wang, S AF Dooling, J. C. Donley, L. Brumwell, F. R. McMichael, G. E. Wang, S. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI A pinger magnet system for tune measurements in the IPNS Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE tune; chromaticity; ferrite pinger magnet AB Pinger magnets for measuring horizontal and vertical tunes in the IPNS RCS have been constructed and installed. Reference horizontal tune data was collected using the extraction kicker magnets in December 2005. More recent data collected at the end of February 2006 with the dedicated pinger magnets confirms December measurements and provided simultaneous vertical tune information. Chromaticity variation with sextupole field strength is examined in an effort to optimize tune profiles. C1 [Dooling, J. C.; Donley, L.; Brumwell, F. R.; McMichael, G. E.; Wang, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dooling, JC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU IPNS Accelerator Operations Group; U.S. Dept. of Energy [W-31-109-ENG-38] FX This work is made possible by the dedicated staff of the IPNS Accelerator Operations Group and is supported by the U.S. Dept. of Energy under contract no. W-31-109-ENG-38. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 281 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600024 ER PT S AU Eddy, N Crisp, J Hu, M AF Eddy, N. Crisp, J. Hu, M. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Transverse digital damper system for the Fermilab anti-proton Recycler SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE AB A transverse damping system is used in the Recycler at Fermilab to damp beam instabilities which arise from large beam intensities with electron cooling. Initial tests of electron cooling demonstrated beam loss due to transverse beam motion when the beam was cooled past the beam density threshold. The transverse damper system consists of two horizontal and two vertical pickups whose signals are amplified and passed into an analog hybrid to generate a difference signal from each pickup. The difference signals are input to a custom digital damper board which digitizes the analog signals at 212MHz, performs digital processing of the signals inside a large Altera Stratix II FPGA, then provides analog output at 212MHz via digital to analog converters. The digital damper output is sent to amplifiers which drive one horizontal and one vertical kicker. An initial prototype digital damper board has been successfully used in the Recycler for over six months. Currently, work is underway to replace the prototype board with an upgraded VME version. C1 [Eddy, N.; Crisp, J.; Hu, M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Eddy, N (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. FU Universities Research Association Inc. [DE-AC02-76CH03000]; United States Department of Energy FX Operated by Universities Research Association Inc. under Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03000 with the United States Department of Energy. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 293 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600025 ER PT S AU Sexton, D Evtushenko, P Jordan, K Yan, J Dutton, S Moore, W Evans, R Coleman, J AF Sexton, D. Evtushenko, P. Jordan, K. Yan, J. Dutton, S. Moore, W. Evans, R. Coleman, J. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Development of BPM electronics at the JLAB FEL SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE BPM electronics; ColdFire; AD8362 AB A new version of BPM electronics based on the AD8362 RMS detector, which is a direct RF to DC converter, is under development at the JLAB FEL. Each of these new BPM electronics utilizes an embedded ColdFire Microprocessor for data processing and communication with the EPICS control system via TCP/IP. The ColdFire runs RTEMS, which is an open source real-time operating system. The JLAB FEL is a SRF Energy Recovery LINAC capable of running up to 10 mA CW beam with a 74.85 MHz micropulse frequency. For diagnostic reasons and for machine tune up, the micropulse frequency can be reduced to 1.17 MHz, which corresponds to about 160 mu A of beam current. It is required that the BPM system would be functional for all micropulse frequencies. By taking into account the headroom for the beam steering and current variations the dynamic range of the RF front end is required to be about 60 dB. A BPM resolution of at least 100 gm is required, whereas better resolution is very desirable to make it possible for more accurate measurements of the electron beam optics. Some results of the RF front end development are presented as well as the first measurements made with an electron beam. C1 [Sexton, D.; Evtushenko, P.; Jordan, K.; Yan, J.; Dutton, S.; Moore, W.; Evans, R.; Coleman, J.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Free Electron Laser Program, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Sexton, D (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Free Electron Laser Program, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. OI EVANS, ROBIN/0000-0002-7988-3189 FU Office of Naval Research; Commonwealth of Virginia; DOE [DE-AC05-84ER40150] FX Supported by the Office of Naval Research, the Commonwealth of Virginia, and by DOE Contract DE-AC05-84ER40150. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 298 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600026 ER PT S AU Fisher, AS Petree, M Kraus, R Au, YS Chan, B AF Fisher, Alan S. Petree, Mark Kraus, Richard Au, Yat-Shan Chan, Benny BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Turn-by-turn imaging of the transverse beam profile in PEP-II SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE imaging; transverse; turn-by-turn AB During injection or instability, the transverse profile of an individual bunch in a storage ring can change significantly in a few turns. However, most synchrotron-light imaging techniques are not designed for this time scale. We have developed a novel diagnostic that enhances the utility of a fast gated camera by adding, inexpensively, some features of a dual-axis streak camera, in order to watch the turn-by-turn evolution of the transverse profile, in both x and y. The beam's elliptical profile is reshaped using cylindrical lenses to form a tall and narrow ellipse--essentially the projection of the full ellipse onto one transverse axis. We do this projection twice, by splitting the beam into two paths at different heights, and rotating the ellipse by 90 degrees on one path. A rapidly rotating mirror scans these vertical "pencils" of light horizontally across the photocathode of the camera, which is gated for 3 ns on every N-th ring turn. A single readout of the camera captures 100 images, looking like a stroboscopic photograph of a moving object. We have observed the capture of injected charge into a bunch and the rapid change of beam size at the onset of a fast instability. C1 [Fisher, Alan S.; Petree, Mark] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Kraus, Richard] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Au, Yat-Shan; Chan, Benny] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Fisher, AS (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy; SLAC (Summer Undergraduate Laboratory Internships, for R.K.), and of Caltech; Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship FX Students participated in this project with support from summer programs of the U.S. Department of Energy and SLAC (Summer Undergraduate Laboratory Internships, for R.K.), and of Caltech (Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowships, for Y.-S.A. and B.C.). Prof. Frank Porter of Caltech provided support for the initial experiments. We appreciate the support of PEPs accelerator-physics and operations groups. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 303 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600027 ER PT S AU Frisch, J Baboi, N Eddy, N Nagaitsev, S Hensler, O McCormick, D May, J Molloy, S Napoly, O Paparella, R Petrosyan, L Ross, M Simon, C Smith, T AF Frisch, Josef Baboi, Nicoleta Eddy, Nathan Nagaitsev, Sergei Hensler, Olaf McCormick, Douglas May, Justin Molloy, Stephen Napoly, Olivier Paparella, Rita Petrosyan, Lyudvig Ross, Marc Simon, Claire Smith, Tonee BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Electronics and algorithms for HOM based beam diagnostics SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE instrumentation; HOM; superconducting; linac; BPM; LLRF AB The signals from the Higher Order Mode (HOM) ports on superconducting cavities can be used as beam position monitors and to do survey structure alignment. A HOM-based diagnostic system has been installed to instrument both couplers on each of the 40 cryogenic accelerating structures in the DESY TTF2 Linac. The electronics uses a single stage down conversion from the 1.7 GHz HOM spectral line to a 20MHz IF which has been digitized. The electronics is based on low cost surface mount components suitable for large scale production. The analysis of the HOM data is based on Singular Value Decomposition. The response of the OM modes is calibrated using conventional BPMs. C1 [Frisch, Josef; McCormick, Douglas; May, Justin; Molloy, Stephen; Ross, Marc; Smith, Tonee] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, POB 4349, Menlo Pk, CA 94309 USA. [Baboi, Nicoleta; Hensler, Olaf; Paparella, Rita; Petrosyan, Lyudvig] Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron, Hamburg 22607, Germany. [Eddy, Nathan; Nagaitsev, Sergei] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Napoly, Olivier] CEA, Direct Sci lat Matiere DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Frisch, J (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, POB 4349, Menlo Pk, CA 94309 USA. FU Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76SF00515] FX Work supported in part by Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 313 EP + PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600028 ER PT S AU Gilpatrick, JD Bitteker, L Gulley, MS Kerstiens, D Oothoudt, M Pillai, C Power, J Shelley, F AF Gilpatrick, J. D. Bitteker, L. Gulley, M. S. Kerstiens, D. Oothoudt, M. Pillai, C. Power, J. Shelley, F. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Acquisition and initial analysis of H+- and H--beam centroid jitter at LANSCE SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE beam jitter; beam position monitor; beam position; beam trajectory angle AB During the 2005 Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) beam runs, beam current and centroid-fitter data were observed, acquired, analyzed, and documented for both the LANSCE H+ and H- beams. These data were acquired using three beam position monitors (BPMs) from the 100-MeV Isotope Production Facility (IPF) beam line and three BPMs from the Switchyard transport line at the end of the LANSCE 800-MeV linac. The two types of data acquired, intermacropulse and intramacropulse, were analyzed for statistical and frequency characteristics as well as various other correlations including comparing their phase-space like characteristics in a coordinate system of transverse angle versus transverse position. This paper will briefly describe the measurements required to acquire these data, the initial analysis of these jitter data, and some interesting dilemmas these data presented. C1 [Gilpatrick, J. D.; Bitteker, L.; Gulley, M. S.; Kerstiens, D.; Oothoudt, M.; Pillai, C.; Power, J.; Shelley, F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gilpatrick, JD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU US Department of Energy FX Work supported by the US Department of Energy NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 325 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600029 ER PT S AU Gullotta, J Dawson, WC Degen, C Michnoff, R Naase, S Russo, T Satogata, T AF Gullotta, J. Dawson, W. C. Degen, C. Michnoff, R. Naase, S. Russo, T. Satogata, T. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI RHIC beam position monitor calibration SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE beam position monitor; calibration; signal processing; beam instrumentation AB After removal of gain-switching relays in the signal paths of RHIC beam position monitor (BPM) electronics, we are able to calibrate the electronics with very good reproducibility. An improved calibration method has been developed to calibrate the BPM electronics and remove all error due to variation of electronic components. In the past, different results were obtained when using the on-board calibration pulser or an externally generated calibration signal. An attempt has been made to characterize the difference between the internal and external signal paths, which will be the basis for a new version of software that will ensure reliable, internal, in-situ calibration. This paper will describe the hardware and software involved in the calibration of the BPM electronics and present results. It will also discuss the limitations and specifications of calibration. C1 [Gullotta, J.; Dawson, W. C.; Degen, C.; Michnoff, R.; Naase, S.; Russo, T.; Satogata, T.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gullotta, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy FX Work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 337 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600030 ER PT S AU Huang, G Byrd, JM AF Huang, G. Byrd, J. M. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Implementing audio digital feedback loop using the national instruments RIO system SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE synchronization; digital feedback; reconfigurable I/O; FPGA AB Development of system for high precision RF distribution and laser synchronization at Berkeley Lab has been ongoing for several years. Successful operation of these systems requires multiple audio bandwidth feedback loops running at relatively high gains. Stable operation of the feedback loops requires careful design of the feedback transfer function. To allow for flexible and compact implementation, we have developed digital feedback loops on the National Instruments Rcconfigurablc Input/Output (RIO) platform. This platform uses an FPGA and multiple I/Os that can provide eight parallel channels running different filters. We present the design and preliminary experimental results of this system. C1 [Huang, G.; Byrd, J. M.] LBNL, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Huang, G (reprint author), LBNL, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Huang, Gang/I-7772-2013 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 359 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600033 ER PT S AU Thurman-Keup, R AF Thurman-Keup, Randy BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Proton synchrotron radiation at fermilab SO Beam Instrumentation Workshop 2006 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE synchrotron radiation; abort gap; transverse profile AB While protons are not generally associated with synchrotron radiation, they do emit visible light at high enough energies. This paper presents an overview of the use of synchrotron radiation in the Tevatron to measure transverse emittances and to monitor the amount of beam in the abort gap. The latter is necessary to ensure a clean abort and prevent quenches of the superconducting magnets and damage to the silicon detectors of the collider experiments. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Thurman-Keup, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 364 EP 373 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600034 ER PT S AU Lumpkin, AH Yang, BX Berg, WJ Rule, DW Sereno, NS Yao, CY AF Lumpkin, A. H. Yang, B. X. Berg, W. J. Rule, D. W. Sereno, N. S. Yao, C. Y. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Developments in OTR/ODR imaging techniques for 7-GeV electron beams at APS SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE OTP; ODR; near-field and far-field imaging; 7 GeV beam AB We have continued our investigations on imaging 7-GeV electron beams in a transport line at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) using optical transition radiation (OTR) and optical diffraction radiation (ODR) emitted from an A1 blade. In our experiments appreciable visible wavelength ODR is emitted for impact parameters of 1 to 2 mm, values that are close to gamma pi/2 pi. We have now upgraded our imaging system to include an optical transport that provides either near-field or far-field imaging, and we have performed initial experiments. The OTR far-field images indicate that beam divergence effects at the 30-70 microrad regime are detectable, and these are some of the first recorded for this regime. An analytical model predicts beam-size sensitivity in the 20-50 micron regime, while beam position resolution to 10 microns with a smaller beam and higher optical magnification should be feasible with near-field ODR imaging. Although originally developed to support top-up operations at APS, the ODR imaging techniques for nonintercepting relative beam size and position monitoring should also be applicable to high-energy accelerator beams that drive x-ray FELs, energy-recovering linacs for light sources, and the proposed ILC. C1 [Lumpkin, A. H.; Yang, B. X.; Berg, W. J.; Sereno, N. S.; Yao, C. Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rule, D. W.] NSWC, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Lumpkin, AH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lumpkin@aps.anl.gov; bxyang@aps.anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-ENG-38] FX This work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 394 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600037 ER PT S AU Miyamoto, R Jansson, A Kopp, S Syphers, M AF Miyamoto, R. Jansson, A. Kopp, S. Syphers, M. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Initial tests of an AC dipole for the Tevatron SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE AC dipole; lattice measurement AB The AC dipole is a device to diagnose transverse motions of a beam. It can achieve large-amplitude oscillations without two inevitable problems of conventional kicker/pinger magnets: decoherence and emittance growth. While not the first synchrotron to operate with an AC dipole, the Tevatron can now make use of its recently upgraded BPM system, providing unprecedented resolution for use with an AC dipole, to measure both linear and nonlinear properties of the accelerator. Plans are to provide AC dipole systems for both transverse degrees of freedom. Preliminary tests have been done using an audio power amplifier with an existing vertical pinger magnet, producing oscillation amplitudes up to 26 at 150 GeV. In this paper, we will present the configuration of this system. We also show the analysis of a first few data sets, including the direct measurement of beta functions at BPM locations. C1 [Miyamoto, R.; Kopp, S.] Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Jansson, A.; Syphers, M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Miyamoto, R (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 402 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600038 ER PT S AU Piccoli, L Foulkes, S Votava, M Briegel, C AF Piccoli, Luciano Foulkes, Stephen Votava, Margaret Briegel, Charles BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI The main injector beam position monitor front-end software SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE Beam Position Monitor AB The front-end software developed for the Main Injector (MI) BPM upgrade is described. The software is responsible for controlling a VME crate equipped with a Motorola PowcrPC board running the VxWorks operating system, a custom-made timing board, and up to 10 commercial digitizer boards. The complete MI BPM system is composed of 7 independent units, each collecting data from 19 to 38 BPM pickups. The MI BPM system uses several components already employed on the successful upgrade of another Fermilab machine, the Tevatron. The front-end software framework developed for the Tevatron BPM upgrade is the base for building the MI front-end software. The framework is implemented in C++ as a generic component library (GBPM) that provides an event-driven data acquisition environment. Functionality of GBPM is extended to meet MI BPM requirements, such as the ability to handle and manage data from multiple cycles; perform readout of the digitizer boards without disrupting or missing subsequent cycles; transition between closed orbit and turn-by-turn modes within a cycle, using different filter and timing configurations; and allow the definition of new cycles during normal operation. C1 [Piccoli, Luciano; Foulkes, Stephen; Votava, Margaret; Briegel, Charles] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Piccoli, L (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 411 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600039 ER PT S AU Pietryla, A Lill, R Norum, E AF Pietryla, Anthony Lill, Robert Norum, Eric BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Results from the RF BPM upgrade prototype at the Advanced Photon Source SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE AB The Advanced Photon Source (APS), a third-generation synchrotron light source, has been in operation for 10 years. The monopulse radio frequency (RF) beam position monitor (BPM) is one of three BPM types now employed in the storage ring at the APS. It is a broadband (10 MHz) system designed to measure single-turn and multi-turn beam positions, but it suffers from an aging data acquisition system. The replacement BPM system retains the existing monopulse receivers and replaces the data acquisition system with high-speed analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and a field programmable gate array (FPGA) that performs the signal processing. A prototype system was constructed and is currently being evaluated. This paper presents the results obtained from laboratory and field tests of the prototype system. C1 [Pietryla, Anthony; Lill, Robert; Norum, Eric] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Pietryla, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM afp@aps.anl.gov FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-ENG-38] FX Work supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 420 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600040 ER PT S AU Pinayev, I Shaftan, T AF Pinayev, Igor Shaftan, Timur BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Synchrotron radiation monitor for NSLS booster SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE booster; diagnostics; synchrotron radiation AB We present the design and implementation of the synchrotron light monitor for the NSLS booster, which expands diagnostics capabilities. The system allows measurement of the orbit, beam sizes and coupling of the electron beam along the ramp. C1 [Pinayev, Igor; Shaftan, Timur] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Pinayev, I (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 428 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600041 ER PT S AU Pogge, J AF Pogge, J. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI SNS Emittance Scanner, increasing sensitivity and performance through noise mitigation,design, implementation and results SO Beam Instrumentation Workshop 2006 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE emmitance; noise reduction AB The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) accelerator systems will deliver a 1.0 GeV 1.4 MW proton beam to a liquid mercury target for neutron scattering research. The SNS MEBT Emittance Harp consists of 16 X and 16 Y wires, located in close proximity to the RFQ, Source, and MEBT Choppers. Beam Studies for source and LINAC commissioning required an overall increase in sensitivity for halo monitoring and measurement, and at the same time several severe noise sources had to be effectively removed from the harp signals. This paper is an overview of the design approach and techniques used in increasing gain and sensitivity while maintaining a large signal to noise ratio,for the emittance scanner device. A brief discussion of the identification of the noise sources, the mechanism for transmission and pick up, how the signals were improved and a summary of results. C1 ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Pogge, J (reprint author), ORNL, Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 435 EP 444 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600042 ER PT S AU Scarpine, VE Lumpkin, AH Tassotto, GR AF Scarpine, V. E. Lumpkin, A. H. Tassotto, G. R. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Initial OTR measurements of 150 GeV protons in the Tevatron at FNAL SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE optical transition radiation; beam profile measurements ID OPTICAL-TRANSITION RADIATION AB Fermilab has developed standard optical transition radiation (OTR) detectors as part of its Run II upgrade program for measuring intense proton and antiproton beams. These detectors utilize radiation-hardened CID cameras to image the OTR and produce high-resolution two-dimensional beam profiles. One of these detectors has been installed in the Tevatron next to the new ionization profile monitor (IPM). Initial OTR measurements are presented for 150 GeV injected coalesced and uncoalesced proton bunches. OTR images are taken for one-turn and two-turn injections over an intensity range of 1.5e11 to 3.5e11 protons. Preliminary profile measurements give uncoalesced beam size sigmas of 1.0 mm horizontally by 0.7 mm vertically and coalesced beam size sigmas of 1.8 mm horizontally by 0.7 mm vertically. OTR images are also presented for changes in the Tevatron skew quadrupole magnet currents, which produce a rotation to the OTR image, and for changes to the Tevatron RF, which can be used to measure single-turn dispersion. Operational aspects of this detector for beam studies and Tevatron tuneup are also discussed. C1 [Scarpine, V. E.; Tassotto, G. R.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Lumpkin, A. H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Scarpine, VE (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76CH03000]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-ENG-38] FX We thank our colleagues in the FNAL Accelerator Division for their contributions: Eugene Lorman, Terry Anderson, Brad Tennis, Jim Fitzgerald, Andreas Jansson, Jerry Annala, Mike Martens, Ron Moore, Vladimir Shiltsev and Jim Morgan. In addition, we wish to thank Carl Lindenmeyer, Jerry Zimmerman, John Korienek, Ron Miksa, Karen Kephart, Eileen Hahn and Wanda Newby of FNAL Particle Physics Division for their outstanding work in the design and construction of the detector. The authors acknowledge the support of Gianfranco Ferioli (CERN) and Roland Jung (CERN) for conversations on OTR detectors. We would also like to thank Stephen Pordes (FNAL) and Bob Webber (FNAL) for their continued encouragement. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03000 and by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 473 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600046 ER PT S AU Scarpine, VE Kamerdzhiev, V Fellenz, B Olson, M Kuznetsov, G Kamerdzhiev, V Shiltsev, VD Zhang, XL AF Scarpine, V. E. Kamerdzhiev, V. Fellenz, B. Olson, M. Kuznetsov, G. Kamerdzhiev, V. Shiltsev, V. D. Zhang, X. L. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Measurements of a newly designed BPM for the Tevatron electron lens 2 SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE BPM AB Fermilab has developed a second electron lens (TEL-2) for beam-beam compensation in the Tevatron as part of its Run II upgrade program. Operation of the beam position monitors (BPMs) in the first electron lens (TEL-1) showed a systematic transverse position difference between short proton bunches (2 ns sigma) and long electron pulses (similar to 1 us) of up to similar to 1.5 mm. This difference was attributed to frequency dependence in the BPM system. The TEL-2 BPMs utilize a new, compact four-plate design with grounding strips between plates to minimize crosstalk. In-situ measurements of these new BPMs are made using a stretched wire pulsed with both proton and electron beam formats. In addition, longitudinal impedance measurements of the TEL-2 are presented. Signal processing algorithm studies indicate that the frequency-dependent transverse position offset may be reduced to similar to 0.1 mm for the beam structures of interest. C1 [Scarpine, V. E.; Kamerdzhiev, V.; Fellenz, B.; Olson, M.; Kuznetsov, G.; Kamerdzhiev, V.; Shiltsev, V. D.; Zhang, X. L.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Scarpine, VE (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76CH03000] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03000. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 481 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600047 ER PT S AU Tan, CY AF Tan, Cheng-Yang BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Preliminary studies of a phase modulation technique for measuring chromaticity SO Beam Instrumentation Workshop 2006 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE chromaticity; phase modulation AB The classical method for measuring chromaticity is to slowly modulate the RF frequency and then measure the betatron tune excursion. The technique that is discussed in this paper instead modulates the phase of the RF and then the chromaticity is obtained by phase demodulating the betatron tune. This technique requires knowledge of the betatron frequency in real time in order for the phase to be demodulated. Fortunately, the Tevatron has a tune tracker based on the phase locked loop principle which fits this requirement. A preliminary study with this technique has showed that it is a promising method for doing continuous chromaticity measurement and raises the possibility of doing successful chromaticity feedback with it. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Accelerator Div Tevatron, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Tan, CY (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Accelerator Div Tevatron, MS341,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 508 EP 516 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600050 ER PT S AU Saewert, AL Rapisarda, SM Wendt, M AF Saewert, A. L. Rapisarda, S. M. Wendt, M. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Analog signal pre-processing for the fermilab main injector BPM upgrade SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE beam instrumentation AB An analog signal pre-processing scheme was developed, in the framework of the Fermilab Main Injector Beam Position Monitor (BPM) Upgrade, to interface BPM pickup signals to the new digital receiver based read-out system. A key component is the 8-channel electronics module, which uses separate frequency-selective gain stages to acquire 53 MHz bunched proton and 2.5 MHz antiproton signals. Related hardware includes a filter and combiner box to sum pickup electrode signals in the tunnel. A controller module allows local/remote control of gain settings and activation of gain stages and supplies test signals. Theory of operation, system overview, and some design details are presented, as well as first beam measurements of the prototype hardware. C1 [Saewert, A. L.; Rapisarda, S. M.; Wendt, M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Saewert, AL (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM asaewert@fnal.gov; manfred@fnal.gov FU Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Universities Research Association Inc. [DE-AC02-76CH03000]; United States Department of Energy FX This work was supported by Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, operated by Universities Research Association Inc. under contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03000 with the United States Department of Energy NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 517 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600051 ER PT S AU Wilinski, M Alessi, J Beebe, E Bellavia, S Pikin, A AF Wilinski, M. Alessi, J. Beebe, E. Bellavia, S. Pikin, A. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Electron beam ion source pre-injector diagnostics SO Beam Instrumentation Workshop 2006 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE diagnostics; instrumentation; faraday cup; profile monitor; current transformer; pepperpot; electron beam ion source AB A new ion pre-injector line is currently under design at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL). Collectively, this new line is referred to as the EBIS project. This pre-injector is based on an Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS), a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator, and a linear accelerator. The new EBIS will be able to produce a wide range of heavy ion species as well as rapidly switching between species. To aid in operation of the pre-injector line, a suite of diagnostics is currently proposed which includes faraday cups, current transformers, profile monitors, and a pepperpot emittance measurement device. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wilinski, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 528 EP 533 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600052 ER PT S AU Banerjee, B Barker, W Bledsoe, S Boes, T Briegel, C Capista, D Deuerling, G Dysert, R Forster, R Foulkes, S Haynes, W Hendricks, B Kasza, T Kutschke, R Marchionni, A Olson, M Pavlicek, V Piccoli, L Prieto, P Rapisarda, S Saewert, A Van Bogaert, J Votava, M Webber, R Wendt, M Wilcer, N Wolbers, S AF Banerjee, B. Barker, W. Bledsoe, S. Boes, T. Briegel, C. Capista, D. Deuerling, G. Dysert, R. Forster, R. Foulkes, S. Haynes, W. Hendricks, B. Kasza, T. Kutschke, R. Marchionni, A. Olson, M. Pavlicek, V. Piccoli, L. Prieto, P. Rapisarda, S. Saewert, A. Van Bogaert, J. Votava, M. Webber, R. Wendt, M. Wilcer, N. Wolbers, S. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Fermilab main injector beam position monitor upgrade SO Beam Instrumentation Workshop 2006 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE AB An upgrade of the Beam Position Monitor (BPM) signal processing and data acquisition system for the Fermilab Main Injector is described. The Main Injector is a fast cycling synchrotron that accelerates protons or antiprotons from 8 to 150 GeV. Each Main Injector cycle can have a totally different magnet ramp, RF frequency configuration, beam bunch structure, and injection/extraction pattern from the previous cycle. The new BPM system provides the capabilities and flexibility required by the dynamic and complex machine operations. The system offers measurement capability in the 2.5 MHz and 53 MHz channels to detect the range of bunch structures for protons and antiprotons in both wideband (turn-by-turn) and narrowband (closed-orbit) modes. The new BPM read-out system is based on the digital receiver concept and is highly configurable, allowing the signal processing of nearly all Main Injector beam conditions, including the detection of individual batches. An overview of the BPM system in the Main Injector operating environment, some technology details and first beam measurements are presented. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Banerjee, B (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 540 EP 548 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600054 ER PT S AU Yang, B Galayda, JN AF Yang, B. Galayda, J. N. BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI An x-ray absorption edge detector for high-resolution measurement of undulator effective K-parameter SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE x-ray free-electron laser; undulator measurement; x-ray optics AB The spectrum of angle-integrated undulator radiation displays a sharp edge at every harmonic photon energy. A technique utilizing this feature to measure minute changes in K-parameters of an undulator in a free-electron laser has been proposed. To date, this technique requires the use of crystal monochromators as bandpass filters whose energy centroid depends on the incident angle of the x-ray beam. In this work we propose to use the absorption edge of an appropriate element as an energy-selective detector whose response is truly independent of the angle of the x-ray beam, and hence independent of electron beam direction and emittance. We will discuss the basic design concept of the detection system and illustrate its projected performance with computer simulations. C1 [Yang, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Galayda, J. N.] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Yang, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM bxyang@aps.anl.gov FU U. S. Department of Energy [W-31-109-ENG-38] FX This work is supported by U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 549 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600055 ER PT S AU Zwaska, RM Indurthy, D Keisler, R Kopp, S Mendoza, S Pavlovich, Z Proga, M Bishai, M Diwan, M Viren, B Harris, D Marchionni, A Morfin, J McDonald, J Naples, D Northacker, D Erwin, A Ping, HC Velissaris, C AF Zwaska, Robert M. Indurthy, Dharma Keisler, Ryan Kopp, Sacha Mendoza, Steven Pavlovich, Zarko Proga, Marek Bishai, Mary Diwan, Milind Viren, Brett Harris, Debbie Marchionni, Alberto Morfin, Jorge McDonald, Jeffrey Naples, Donna Northacker, David Erwin, Albert Ping, Huican Velissaris, Cristos BE Meyer, TS Webber, RC TI Operation of the NuMI beam monitoring system SO BEAM INSTRUMENTATION WORKSHOP 2006 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Beam Instrumentation Workshop CY MAY 01-04, 2006 CL Batavia, IL SP Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, US DOE DE ionization chambers; neutrino beams; radiation hardness; beam-based alignment; beam monitoring AB The NuMI (Neutrinos at the Main Injector) facility produces an intense neutrino beam for experiments. The NuMI Beam Monitoring system consists of four arrays of ion chambers that measure the intensity and distribution of the remnant hadron and tertiary muon beams produced in association with the neutrinos. The ion chambers operate in an environment of high particle fluxes and high radiation. C1 [Zwaska, Robert M.; Indurthy, Dharma; Keisler, Ryan; Kopp, Sacha; Mendoza, Steven; Pavlovich, Zarko; Proga, Marek] Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bishai, Mary; Diwan, Milind; Viren, Brett] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY USA. [Harris, Debbie; Marchionni, Alberto; Morfin, Jorge] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [McDonald, Jeffrey; Naples, Donna; Northacker, David] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Erwin, Albert; Ping, Huican; Velissaris, Cristos] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. RP Zwaska, RM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM zwaska@fnal.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0369-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 868 BP 558 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFT18 UT WOS:000244482600056 ER PT S AU Brisson, MJ Ekechukwu, AA Ashley, K John, SD AF Brisson, Michael J. Ekechukwu, Amy A. Ashley, Kevin John, Steven D. BE Ashley, K TI Opportunities for standardization of beryllium sampling and analysis SO Beryllium: Sampling and Analysis SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Beryllium Sampling and Analysis CY APR 21-22, 2005 CL Reno, NV SP ASTM Int Comm D22, Beryllium Hlth & Safety Comm, Sampling & Anal Subcomm DE analysis; beryllium; sampling; standards; workplace ID SENSITIZATION; DISEASE AB Since the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) published the DOE Beryllium Rule (10 CFR 850) in 1999, DOE sites have been required to measure beryllium in air filter and surface wipe samples for purposes of worker protection and for release of materials from beryllium-controlled areas. Measurements in the nanogram range on a filter or wipe are typically required. Industrial hygiene laboratories have applied methods from various analytical compendia, and a number of issues have emerged concerning sampling and analysis practices. As a result, a committee of analytical chemists, industrial hygienists, and laboratory managers was formed in November 2003 to address the issues. The committee developed a baseline questionnaire and distributed it to DOE sites and other agencies in the U.S., Canada, and the U.K. The results of the questionnaire are presented in this paper. These results confirmed that a wide variety of practices was in use in the areas of sampling, sample preparation, and analysis. Additionally, although these laboratories are generally accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA), there are inconsistencies in execution among accredited laboratories. As a result, there are significant opportunities for development of standard methods that could improve consistency. The current availabilities and needs for standard methods are further discussed in a companion paper. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Brisson, MJ (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 1040-1695 BN 0-8031-3499-1 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2006 VL 1473 BP 3 EP 14 DI 10.1520/STP37483S PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BFE72 UT WOS:000241491400001 ER PT S AU Cheng, MD Smithwick, RW Hinton, R AF Cheng, Meng-Dawn Smithwick, Robert W., III Hinton, Ray BE Ashley, K TI Use of electrically enhanced aerosol plasma spectroscopy for real-time characterization of beryllium particles SO Beryllium: Sampling and Analysis SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Beryllium Sampling and Analysis CY APR 21-22, 2005 CL Reno, NV SP ASTM Int Comm D22, Beryllium Hlth & Safety Comm, Sampling & Anal Subcomm DE aerosolized beryllium; airborne particles; electrically enhanced laser-based measurement; real-time monitoring ID INDUCED-BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; LASER SPARK; METAL; DISEASE; SPECTROMETRY; ALLOY; OXIDE; RISK AB The best warning of human exposure to elevated toxic aerosol particles is a monitor that can provide a near-real-time alarm function. Use of surrogate indices such as particle-number concentration, mass concentration, and/or other flow-diagnostics variables is ineffective and could be costly when false positives do arise. We have developed a field-portable system specifically for monitoring beryllium particles in the air in near real-time. The prototype monitor is installed on a two-shelf handcart that can be used in workplaces involving beryllium extraction, machining, and parts fabrication. The measurement involves no sample preparation and generates no analytical waste. The operating principle of the monitor is electrically enhanced laser-induced electrical-plasma spectrometry assisted with aerosol-focusing technology. Performance data of the monitor indicate a dynamic range spanning over four orders of magnitude, and the monitor is capable of detecting an airborne beryllium concentration of 0.05 mu g m(-3). In reference, the Department of Energy (DOE)standard for beryllium is 0.2 mu g m(-3) within an 8-h average, while the Occupational Safety and Health Administration standard for beryllium is 2 mu g m(-3). In addition, the monitor is capable of simultaneous detection of multiple elements using an Echellette spectrometer if needed. The capability of simultaneous detection provides a convenient means for positive identification and possible quantification of multiple elements in near real time. We present the instrument development and calibration data and results from field demonstration conducted at a DOE facility in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Cheng, MD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RI Cheng, Meng-Dawn/C-1098-2012 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 1040-1695 BN 0-8031-3499-1 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2006 VL 1473 BP 81 EP 91 DI 10.1520/STP37489S PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BFE72 UT WOS:000241491400007 ER PT S AU Minogue, EM Ehler, DS Burrell, AK McCleskey, TM Taylor, TP AF Minogue, Edel M. Ehler, Deborah S. Burrell, Anthony K. McCleskey, T. Mark Taylor, Tammy P. BE Ashley, K TI Development of a new fluorescence method for the detection of beryllium on surfaces SO Beryllium: Sampling and Analysis SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Beryllium Sampling and Analysis CY APR 21-22, 2005 CL Reno, NV SP ASTM Int Comm D22, Beryllium Hlth & Safety Comm, Sampling & Anal Subcomm DE beryllium; fluorimetric detection; HBQS; environmental monitoring ID SELECTIVE DETERMINATION; REAGENT; ION AB A rapid, quantitative, sensitive test for the detection of beryllium on surfaces has been developed. The method is based on the fluorescence of beryllium bound to sulfonated hydroxybenzoquinoline at pH 12.8, which emits at 475 unit when excited at 380 unit and includes a novel dissolution technique. The intensity of fluorescence is linear with respect to beryllium concentration. A detection limit of 0.02 mu g Be/100 cm(2) has been achieved, which is ten times lower than the DOE recommended working limit for non-beryllium work areas [1]. Interference studies have been carried out with a variety of metals including Al, Fe, Pb, U, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ca, W, Ni, Co, and Cu with minimal or no interferences found for detection of Be at 100 nM in the presence 0.4 mM of the other metal. The method has proven successful under various operating conditions, including the detection of beryllium on a variety of surfaces both in laboratory settings and in field trials. It fulfills the requirements for a fast, inexpensive, field deployable method of detection of beryllium on surfaces. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Div CSIC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Burrell, AK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Div CSIC, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI McCleskey, Thomas/J-4772-2012 NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 1040-1695 BN 0-8031-3499-1 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2006 VL 1473 BP 92 EP 101 DI 10.1520/STP37490S PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BFE72 UT WOS:000241491400008 ER PT J AU Giachini, L Francia, F Lee, DW Daldal, F Huang, LS Berry, EA Cocco, T Papa, S Boscherini, F Venturoli, G AF Giachini, L. Francia, F. Lee, D-W. Daldal, F. Huang, L-S. Berry, E. A. Cocco, T. Papa, S. Boscherini, F. Venturoli, G. TI X-ray absorption studies of Zn2+ binding sites in bacterial, avian and bovine cytochrome bc(1) complexes SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 14th European Bioenergetic Conference CY JUL 22-27, 2006 CL Moscow, RUSSIA ID RHODOBACTER-CAPSULATUS; BC1 COMPLEX; MITOCHONDRIAL C1 Univ Bologna, Dept Phys, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. CNISM, Bologna, Italy. Univ Bologna, Dept Biol, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Bari, Dept Med Biochem Biol & Phys, Bari, Italy. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2728 J9 BBA-BIOENERGETICS JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg. PY 2006 SU S BP 169 EP 170 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 068UR UT WOS:000239400500112 ER PT J AU Mao, YP Pavangadkar, KA Thomashow, MF Triezenberg, SJ AF Mao, YP Pavangadkar, KA Thomashow, MF Triezenberg, SJ TI Physical and functional interactions of Arabidopsis ADA2 transcriptional coactivator proteins with the acetyltransferase GCN5 and with the cold-induced transcription factor CBF1 SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION LA English DT Article DE chromatin; historic; nucleosome; acetylation; cold acclimation; SAGA ID TATA-BINDING PROTEIN; ACIDIC ACTIVATION DOMAINS; YEAST PUTATIVE ADAPTERS; RNA-POLYMERASE-II; HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASE; DNA-BINDING; IN-VIVO; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; RESPONSE PATHWAY AB The Arabidopsis GCN5, ADA2a and ADA2b proteins are homologs of components of several yeast and animal transcriptional coactivator complexes. Previous work has implicated these plant coactivator proteins in the stimulation of cold-regulated gene expression by the transcriptional activator protein CBF1. Surprisingly, protein interaction studies demonstrate that the DNA-binding domain of CBF1 (and of a related protein, TINY), rather than its transcriptional activation domain, can bind directly to the Arabidopsis ADA2 proteins. The ADA2a and ADA2b proteins can also bind directly to GCN5 through their N-terminal regions (comparable to a region previously defined in yeast Ada2) and through previously unmapped regions in the middle of the ADA2 proteins, which bind to the HAT domain of GCN5. The ADA2 proteins enhance the ability of GCN5 to acetylate histories in vitro and enable GCN5 to acetylate nucleosomal histories. Moreover, GCN5 can acetylate the ADA2 proteins at a motif unique to the plant homologs and absent from fungal and animal homologs. We speculate that this modification may represent a novel autoregulatory mechanism for the plant SAGA-like transcriptional coactivator complexes. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Grad Program Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Triezenberg, SJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 510 Biochem Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM triezenb@msu.edu NR 61 TC 45 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4781 J9 BBA-GENE STRUCT EXPR JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Gene Struct. Expression PD JAN-FEB PY 2006 VL 1759 IS 1-2 BP 69 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.bbaexp.2006.02.006 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 046FY UT WOS:000237798000007 PM 16603259 ER PT J AU Mikutta, R Kleber, M Torn, MS Jahn, R AF Mikutta, R Kleber, M Torn, MS Jahn, R TI Stabilization of soil organic matter: Association with minerals or chemical recalcitrance? SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE C isotopes; hydrofluoric acid; lignin; recalcitrant organic matter; sodium hypochlorite; stable organic matter ID PARTICLE-SIZE FRACTIONS; STABLE CARBON-ISOTOPE; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; FOREST SOILS; SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; SORPTIVE PRESERVATION; LIPID CONSTITUENTS; C-13 NMR; GC-MS AB Soil organic matter ( OM) can be stabilized against decomposition by association with minerals, by its inherent recalcitrance and by occlusion in aggregates. However, the relative contribution of these factors to OM stabilization is yet unknown. We analyzed pool size and isotopic composition (C-14, C-13) of mineral-protected and recalcitrant OM in 12 subsurface horizons from 10 acidic forest soils. The results were related to properties of the mineral phase and to OM composition as revealed by CPMAS C-13- NMR and CuO oxidation. Stable OM was defined as that material which survived treatment of soils with 6 wt% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Mineral-protected OM was extracted by subsequent dissolution of minerals by 10% hydrofluoric acid ( HF). Organic matter resistant against NaOCl and insoluble in HF was considered as recalcitrant OM. Hypochlorite removed primarily C-14-modern OM. Of the stable organic carbon (OC), amounting to 2.4-20.6 g kg(-1) soil, mineral dissolution released on average 73%. Poorly crystalline Fe and Al phases (Fe-o, Al-o) and crystalline Fe oxides (Fed-o) explained 86% of the variability of mineral-protected OC. Atomic C-p/( Fe+ Al)(p) ratios of 1.3 - 6.5 suggest that a portion of stable OM was associated with polymeric Fe and Al species. Recalcitrant OC (0.4 - 6.5 g kg(-1) soil) contributed on average 27% to stable OC and the amount was not correlated with any mineralogical property. Recalcitrant OC had lower Delta(14)C and delta(13)C values than mineral-protected OC and was mainly composed of aliphatic (56%) and O-alkyl (13%) C moieties. Lignin phenols were only present in small amounts in either mineral-protected or recalcitrant OM ( mean 4.3 and 0.2 g kg(-1) OC). The results con. rm that stabilization of OM by interaction with poorly crystalline minerals and polymeric metal species is the most important mechanism for preservation of OM in these acid subsoil horizons. C1 Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Pflanzenernahrung & Bodenkunde, D-06108 Halle, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mikutta, R (reprint author), Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Pflanzenernahrung & Bodenkunde, Weidenplan 14, D-06108 Halle, Germany. EM robert.mikutta@landw.uni-halle.de RI Jahn, Reinhold/F-1931-2013; Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015 NR 83 TC 265 Z9 288 U1 18 U2 290 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JAN PY 2006 VL 77 IS 1 BP 25 EP 56 DI 10.1007/s10533-005-0712-6 PG 32 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 013YT UT WOS:000235446600002 ER PT J AU Ji, XL Xu, Y AF Ji, XL Xu, Y TI libSRES: a C library for stochastic ranking evolution strategy for parameter estimation SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAYS; OPTIMIZATION AB Estimation of kinetic parameters in a biochemical pathway or network represents a common problem in systems studies of biological processes. We have implemented a C library, named libSRES, to facilitate a fast implementation of computer software for study of non-linear biochemical pathways. This library implements a (mu, lambda)-ES evolutionary optimization algorithm that uses stochastic ranking as the constraint handling technique. Considering the amount of computing time it might require to solve a parameter-estimation problem, an MPI version of libSRES is provided for parallel implementation, as well as a simple user interface. libSRES is freely available and could be used directly in any C program as a library function. We have extensively tested the performance of libSRES on various pathway parameter-estimation problems and found its performance to be satisfactory. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Georgia, Inst Bioinformat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Biol Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM xyn@bmb.uga.edu NR 11 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD JAN 1 PY 2006 VL 22 IS 1 BP 124 EP 126 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti753 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 000AO UT WOS:000234433500024 PM 16267082 ER PT J AU Hajkova, P Erhardt, SE Surani, MA AF Hajkova, P. Erhardt, S. E. Surani, M. A. BE Moffett, A Loke, C McLaren, A TI Epigenetic regulation of trophoblast development SO BIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF TROPHOBLAST LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PRIMORDIAL GERM-CELLS; MATERNAL-BEHAVIOR; MOUSE DEVELOPMENT; PARENTAL GENOMES; PATERNAL GENOME; GROWTH; DEMETHYLATION; EXPRESSION; ASYMMETRY; IMPLANTATION C1 [Hajkova, P.; Surani, M. A.] Univ Cambridge, Gurdon Inst Canc & Dev Biol, Wellcome Trust Canc Res UK, Cambridge CB2 1QR, England. [Erhardt, S. E.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hajkova, P (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Gurdon Inst Canc & Dev Biol, Wellcome Trust Canc Res UK, Tennis Court Rd, Cambridge CB2 1QR, England. OI Surani, Azim/0000-0002-8640-4318 NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-52185-165-7 PY 2006 BP 33 EP 45 DI 10.1017/CBO9780511545207.006 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511545207 PG 13 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA BYG15 UT WOS:000298543200005 ER PT J AU Brown, KH Cloud, JG Schultz, IR Nagler, JJ AF Brown, Kim H. Cloud, J. G. Schultz, Irvin R. Nagler, James J. TI Effects of a xenoestrogen, ethynylestradiol, on male rainbow trout reproductive success. SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 39th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 29-AUG 01, 2006 CL Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE SP Soc Study Reprod HO Univ Nebraska Med Ctr C1 Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. Battelle PNNL Marine Sci Lab, Sequim, WA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2006 SI SI BP 90 EP 91 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 063ZW UT WOS:000239059500140 ER PT B AU Ribeiro, RM AF Ribeiro, Ruy M. BE Mondaini, R Dilao, R TI Modeling the in vivo dynamics of viral infections SO BIOMAT 2005 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Mathematical and Computational Biology (BIOMAT 2005) CY DEC 03-08, 2005 CL Petropolis, BRAZIL SP CAPES, FINEP, Natl Lab Sci Comp ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HIV-1 INFECTION; INTRACELLULAR DELAY; COMBINATION THERAPY; B-VIRUS; CELLS; DECAY; RNA AB The understanding of HIV infection has benefited enormously from detailed studies of the dynamics of the virus and immune responses. In particular, mathematical models have been successfully applied to the analysis of antiretroviral treatment. Modeling this treatment as a perturbation on the pre-therapy steady state of viral load revealed that virus and infected cells are cleared rapidly. Indeed the half-life of free HIV is approximately 1 hour, and the half-life of infected cells is about 1 day. I will give an overview of these results in the context of the dynamics of other infections and what it means for the success of treatment and the possibilities to develop a vaccine. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ribeiro, RM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Mondaini, Rubem/G-7767-2014 NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-256-797-0 PY 2006 BP 153 EP 170 DI 10.1142/9789812773685_0010 PG 18 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BGE68 UT WOS:000246340600010 ER PT S AU Mourant, JR Dominguez, J Carpenter, S Powers, TM Guerra, A Short, KW Kunapareddy, N Freyer, JP AF Mourant, Judith R. Dominguez, Jorge Carpenter, Susan Powers, Tamara M. Guerra, Anabel Short, Kurt W. Kunapareddy, Nagapratima Freyer, James P. BE MahadevanJansen, A Petrich, WH TI Determining the gross biochemical composition of cells and tissue with Raman spectroscopy - art. no. 60930T SO Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy III: Advances in Research and Industry SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy III CY JAN 21-24, 2006 CL San Jose, CA SP SPIE DE Raman spectroscopy; biochemical composition of cells; cancer detection; tissue diagnostics ID CLASSIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; SPECTRA; SAMPLES AB The biochemical composition of mammalian cells has been estimated by Raman spectroscopy and the results compared with other biochemical methods. The Raman spectroscopy estimates were performed by fitting measured Raman and infrared spectra of dense cell suspensions to a linear combination of basis components (RNA, DNA, protein, lipid, glycoen). The Raman spectroscopy results are compared to biochemical analyses performed by extraction and quantification of the biochemical components. Both absolute and relative measurements of biochemical composition are compared. Both the Raman and biochemical results indicate that there are significant differences in gross biochemical composition dependent on growth stage and tumorigneicity. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mourant, JR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MS E535, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-6135-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2006 VL 6093 BP T930 EP T930 AR 60930T DI 10.1117/12.646809 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA BEL10 UT WOS:000237678500023 ER PT J AU Fish, RH AF Fish, Richard H. BE Jaouen, G TI Supramolecular Host Recognition Processes with Biological Compounds, Organometallic Pharmaceuticals, and Alkali-metal Ions as Guests SO BIOORGANOMETALLICS: BIOMOLECULES, LABELING, MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID (ETA-5-PENTAMETHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL)RHODIUM AQUA COMPLEX; CYCLIC TRIMER HOSTS; NONCOVALENT PI-PI; AMINO-ACID GUESTS; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; BIOORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY; SELECTIVE RECOGNITION; DIASTEREOSELECTIVE FORMATION; HYDROPHOBIC INTERACTIONS; ADENOSINE-MONOPHOSPHATE C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fish, RH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-3-52760-769-3 PY 2006 BP 321 EP 352 PG 32 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA BXY95 UT WOS:000297646700011 ER PT J AU Lin, WC Blanchette, CD Ratto, TV Longo, ML AF Lin, WC Blanchette, CD Ratto, TV Longo, ML TI Lipid asymmetry in DLPC/DSPC-supported lipid bilayers: A combined AFM and fluorescence microscopy study SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; BIOLOGICAL-MEMBRANES; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; LATERAL DIFFUSION; DOMAINS; CHOLESTEROL; VESICLES; RAFTS; TOPOLOGY; DYNAMICS AB A fundamental attribute of cell membranes is transmembrane asymmetry, specifically the formation of ordered phase domains in one lea. et that are compositionally different from the opposing lea. et of the bilayer. Using model membrane systems, many previous studies have demonstrated the formation of ordered phase domains that display complete transmembrane symmetry; but there have been few reports on the more biologically relevant asymmetric membrane structures. Here we report on a combined atomic force microscopy and fluorescence microscopy study whereby we observe three different states of transmembrane symmetry in phase-separated supported lipid bilayers formed by vesicle fusion. We find that if the leaflets differ in gel-phase area fraction, then the smaller domains in one lea. et are in registry with the larger domains in the other lea. et and the system is dynamic. In a presumed lipid flip-flop process similar to Ostwald ripening, the smaller domains in one leaflet erode away whereas the large domains in the other lea. et grow until complete compositional asymmetry is reached and remains stable. We have quantified this evolution and determined that the lipid flip-flop event happens most frequently at the interface between symmetric and asymmetric DSPC domains. If both leaflets have identical area fraction of gel-phase, gel-phase domains are in registry and are static in comparison to the first state. The stability of these three DSPC domain distributions, the degree of registry observed, and the domain immobility have biological significance with regards to maintenance of lipid asymmetry in living cell membranes, communication between inner leaflet and outer leaflet, membrane adhesion, and raft mobility. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Biophys Grad Grp, Div Biol Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biophys & Interfacial Sci Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Longo, ML (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mllongo@ucdavis.edu RI Lin, Wan-Chen/A-4348-2009; Wunder, Stephanie/B-5066-2012; Zdilla, Michael/B-4145-2011 NR 41 TC 129 Z9 132 U1 1 U2 52 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 90 IS 1 BP 228 EP 237 DI 10.1529/biophysj.105.067066 PG 10 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 992LJ UT WOS:000233885100024 PM 16214871 ER PT J AU Chan, JW Taylor, DS Zwerdling, T Lane, SM Ihara, K Huser, T AF Chan, JW Taylor, DS Zwerdling, T Lane, SM Ihara, K Huser, T TI Micro-Raman spectroscopy detects individual neoplastic and normal hematopoietic cells SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; HUMAN LUNG TISSUES; IN-VIVO DETECTION; PROTEIN DISTRIBUTION; CANCER-DIAGNOSIS; LIVING CELLS; B-DNA; MICROSPECTROSCOPY; CARCINOMA AB Current methods for identifying neoplastic cells and discerning them from their normal counterparts are often nonspecific, slow, biologically perturbing, or a combination thereof. Here, we show that single-cell micro-Raman spectroscopy averts these shortcomings and can be used to discriminate between unfixed normal human lymphocytes and transformed Jurkat and Raji lymphocyte cell lines based on their biomolecular Raman signatures. We demonstrate that single-cell Raman spectra provide a highly reproducible biomolecular fingerprint of each cell type. Characteristic peaks, mostly due to different DNA and protein concentrations, allow for discerning normal lymphocytes from transformed lymphocytes with high confidence (p << 0.05). Spectra are also compared and analyzed by principal component analysis to demonstrate that normal and transformed cells form distinct clusters that can be defined using just two principal components. The method is shown to have a sensitivity of 98.3% for cancer detection, with 97.2% of the cells being correctly classified as belonging to the normal or transformed type. These results demonstrate the potential application of confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy as a clinical tool for single cancer cell detection based on intrinsic biomolecular signatures, therefore eliminating the need for exogenous fluorescent labeling. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Hematol Oncol Sect, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Univ Calif Davis, NSF, Ctr Biophoton Sci & Technol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Chan, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-211, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM chan19@llnl.gov RI Huser, Thomas/H-1195-2012; Chan, James/J-3829-2014 OI Huser, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7416; NR 36 TC 272 Z9 280 U1 3 U2 50 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 90 IS 2 BP 648 EP 656 DI 10.1529/biophysj.105.066761 PG 9 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 997NK UT WOS:000234252100025 PM 16239327 ER PT B AU Katzen, R Schell, DJ AF Katzen, Raphael Schell, Daniel J. BE Kamm, B Gruber, PR Kamm, M TI Lignocellulosic Feedstock Biorefinery: History and Plant Development for Biomass Hydrolysis SO Biorefineries - Industrial Processes and Products: Status Quo and Future Directions, Vol 1 LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; REACTOR; ACID; WOOD; CONVERSION; ETHANOL C1 [Schell, Daniel J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Katzen, R (reprint author), 9220 Bonita Beach Rd,Suite 2000, Bonita Springs, FL 34135 USA. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY BN 978-3-527-61984-9; 978-3-527-31027-2 PY 2006 BP 129 EP 138 D2 10.1002/9783527619849 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA BD8TX UT WOS:000364305700009 ER PT B AU Werpy, T Frye, J Holladay, J AF Werpy, Todd Frye, John Holladay, John BE Kamm, B Gruber, PR Kamm, M TI Succinic Acid - A Model Building Block for Chemical Production from Renewable Resources SO Biorefineries - Industrial Processes and Products: Status Quo and Future Directions, Vol 2 LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Werpy, Todd; Frye, John; Holladay, John] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Werpy, T (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999-K2-12, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY BN 978-3-527-61984-9; 978-3-527-31027-2 PY 2006 BP 367 EP 379 D2 10.1002/9783527619849 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA BD8UA UT WOS:000364307800016 ER PT B AU Anderson, IE Harringa, JL AF Anderson, I. E. Harringa, J. L. BE Stephens, JJ Weil, KS TI Beneficial Alloy Effects in Tin-Silver-Copper-X Solder Joints for High Temperature Applications SO BRAZING AND SOLDERING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Brazing and Soldering Conference CY APR 24-26, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASM Int, AWS ID SN-AG-CU; EUTECTIC SOLDER; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Modification of a near-eutectic Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solder alloy, Sn-3.7Ag-0.9Cu (wt.%), with selected alloy additions to form SAC+X alloys (X = Co, Fe, Si, Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Ge, and Zn) that are designed to substitute for Cu has proven successful for retention of solder joints (using Cu substrates) with consistent strength and ductility after thermal aging at 150C for up to 1000h. Such improvements to SAC solders are critical for Pb-free assembly of portable electronics and electrical devices with potential for drop impact failure of interconnects. Although Izod impact strength of most as-soldered SAC+X joints (except SAC+Cr and SAC+Ti) was similar and equivalent to the selected SAC alloy joints, the impact strength retention of the thermally aged SAC+Zn and SAC+Ni joints was superior, especially the SAC+Zn. The current report also added more understanding of key results from previous asymmetric four-point bend (AFPB) testing, especially for SAC+Ni and SAC+Zn solder joints. Microstructural analysis of post-AFPB test specimens of these two alloy joints (aged 1000h at 150C) established that, while all SAC+Zn joints displayed ductile failure, one SAC+Ni joint sample clearly exhibited brittle failure. Moreover, the SAC+Zn solder appeared remarkable in its ability to suppress formation of a continuous Cu(3)Sn layer adjacent to the Cu substrate, even after aging for 2000h at 150C. Electron microprobe results confirmed that pronounced intermetallic layer enrichment occurs in SAC+Zn joints after thermal aging, similar to most other SAC+X joints in the study, and indicated that some Sn-Cu-Zn intermetallics form in the solder matrix and, perhaps, at the Cu interface on prolonged thermal aging. C1 [Anderson, I. E.; Harringa, J. L.] Iowa State Univ, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Anderson, IE (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM andersoni@ameslab.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 978-0-87170-838-0 PY 2006 BP 18 EP 25 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BPY36 UT WOS:000280337000004 ER PT B AU Susan, DF Vianco, PT Rejent, JA Martin, JJ Hlava, PF AF Susan, D. F. Vianco, P. T. Rejent, J. A. Martin, J. J. Hlava, P. F. BE Stephens, JJ Weil, KS TI Evaluation of the Effects of Au Content on Intermetallic Compound Layer Growth in Pb-Sn and Sn-Ag-Cu Solder Joints SO BRAZING AND SOLDERING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Brazing and Soldering Conference CY APR 24-26, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASM Int, AWS ID COPPER AB Gold (Au) is often used in the electronics industry as a protective finish to preserve the solderability of underlying finishes and/or substrate materials. However, the presence of Au in the molten solder increases the risk of embrittlement by: 1) Au saturation above the solubility limit of the solder, resulting in formation of Au-Sn intermetallic compound (IMC) particles and 2) long-term solid-state diffusion of Au toward the base material interface, resulting in the formation of a Au-rich IMC layer. These effects are being studied by liquid-state and solid-state aging studies. Ring-and-plug test samples were constructed with Pb-Sn and Sn-Ag-Cu solders having additions of 0, 2, 4, and 8 wt.% Au. Solid-state aging was performed at 25 to 170 degrees C for up to 200 days to simulate long-term storage and to determine IMC layer growth kinetics. For solid-state aged samples, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) showed an increase in the amount of Au in the Cu(6)Sn(5)-type interfacial IMC layer as Au is increased in the solder. In contrast, the Cu(3)Sn-type IMC layer shows essentially no solubility for Au. Analysis of IMC growth kinetics showed enhanced growth of the (Cu,Au)(6)Sn(5) layer as Au was added to the IMC composition. Development of a second, higher Au, IMC phase in the (Cu,Au)(6)Sn(5) layer contributed to the enhanced layer growth. C1 [Susan, D. F.; Vianco, P. T.; Rejent, J. A.; Martin, J. J.; Hlava, P. F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Susan, DF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 978-0-87170-838-0 PY 2006 BP 26 EP 31 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BPY36 UT WOS:000280337000005 ER PT B AU Walker, CA Uribe, F Monroe, SL Stephens, JJ Goeke, RS Hodges, VC AF Walker, C. A. Uribe, F. Monroe, S. L. Stephens, J. J. Goeke, R. S. Hodges, V. C. BE Stephens, JJ Weil, KS TI High-Temperature Joining of Low-Temperature Co-Fired Ceramics SO BRAZING AND SOLDERING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Brazing and Soldering Conference CY APR 24-26, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASM Int, AWS AB Experiments were run in which various compositions of low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) sections were brazed to Kovar (TM) (Fe-29Ni-17Co) metal sections in inert gas atmospheres using silver-based braze filler metals at temperatures up to 755C in an attempt to identify optimum processing conditions. The tensile buttons fabricated were similar to standard ASTM-F19 samples except that the metal and non-metal positions were reversed. Therefore, in the brazed assemblies the LTCC was brazed between two metal tensile button halves. Brazed in this unique manner, the tensile buttons assemblies more accurately represented the actual component. Thin-film metallization schemes were varied, along with thermal processing parameters. The brazed assemblies were subsequently helium leak checked and tested for tensile strength at room temperature. Results of trials with varying filler metals, thermal profiles parameters will be discussed and compared to results obtained using alumina ceramics. Hermetic samples (helium leak rates < 1.0E-09 atm-cc/sec) were made with all three types of LTCC used in the study. The average strengths for the three types of LTCC varied from 3300 psi to 8000psi compared to 12300 psi achieved using high-temperature (alumina) ceramic. In general, thin-films with platinum outer layers outperformed thin-films with outer layers of gold or palladium in both hermeticity testing and tensile strength. C1 [Walker, C. A.; Uribe, F.; Monroe, S. L.; Stephens, J. J.; Goeke, R. S.; Hodges, V. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Walker, CA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 978-0-87170-838-0 PY 2006 BP 54 EP 59 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BPY36 UT WOS:000280337000009 ER PT B AU Tandon, R McLaughlin, JT Neidigk, MA Buchheit, TE Massad, JE AF Tandon, Rajan McLaughlin, Jared T. Neidigk, Matthew A. Buchheit, Thomas E. Massad, Jordan E. BE Stephens, JJ Weil, KS TI Component Development using a Coupled Analysis and Experimental Approach: Ceramic-Ceramic and Ceramic-Metal Joining SO BRAZING AND SOLDERING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Brazing and Soldering Conference CY APR 24-26, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASM Int, AWS ID GLASSES AB The brittle nature of ceramic materials makes it imperative that ceramic based components have little or no residual tensile stress when joined to metals, and low tensile stress during operation. During development of an interrupted transformer switch containing a magnetic ferrite ceramic, it was found that the low toughness of the ferrite led to cracking while soldering the ceramic to copper, and also during subsequent mechanical testing. Strength of the ferrite-copper bond was extremely process-dependent, and it was difficult to reproducibly obtain high peel strengths. To overcome these issues, a series of alternative joining techniques was evaluated during prototyping. To reduce tensile stress during operation, two half-moon shaped disks of ferrite were joined to a thermally matched glass-ceramic using glass bonding. The residual stress near the interface was evaluated both experimentally and using finite element analysis (FEA). The processing parameters and composition of glass bonded regions were modified to obtain essentially zero stress in the ferrite. An alternative metal-ceramic joining process, using a NiTiNb shape memory alloy (SMA), was successfully employed. The constitutive behavior of the SMA under stress was obtained and a corresponding material model was used with FEA to predict the stresses in the ferrite. The stresses were experimentally validated. The SMA-captured assembly was soldered into a stainless steel body. A robust prototype capable of withstanding mechanical and shock loadings was obtained. This work summarizes various schemes developed for the design and manufacture of this component. C1 [Tandon, Rajan; McLaughlin, Jared T.; Neidigk, Matthew A.; Buchheit, Thomas E.; Massad, Jordan E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tandon, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 978-0-87170-838-0 PY 2006 BP 67 EP 72 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BPY36 UT WOS:000280337000011 ER PT B AU Vianco, PT Rejent, JA Kilgo, AC AF Vianco, P. T. Rejent, J. A. Kilgo, A. C. BE Stephens, JJ Weil, KS TI Microstructural Evolution in Electronic 63Sn-37Pb/Cu Solder Joints SO BRAZING AND SOLDERING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Brazing and Soldering Conference CY APR 24-26, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASM Int, AWS ID TIN-LEAD SOLDER; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES AB The 63Sn-37Pb (wt.%, designated Sn-Pb) solder interconnections made to copper (Cu) pads were examined on two printed wiring assemblies (PWAs) that had been in the field for 17 years and subsequently exposed to an accelerated aging test environment. A qualitative assessment of the solder joints indicated that there was excellent solderability of the pins and Cu pads. Void formation was minimal or did not occur at all. Manufacturing defects were limited to minor Cu pad lifting with cracks in the underlying epoxy resin and local areas of Cu barrel separation from the laminate hole wall. Both defects would not have influenced the effects of the accelerated aging environment. A quantitative analysis examined the intermetallic compound (IMC) layer thickness of selected components on the PWAs. The IMC thickness data indicated that the PWAs were exposed to considerably lower, cumulative temperatures inside the product assembly than were present outside as a result of the accelerated aging environment. The quantitative analysis also evaluated the Pb-rich phase particle size in both fillets and the hole region of the PWA solder joints. The Pb-rich phase size confirmed that the temperature environment at the PWA level was significantly less severe than that of the accelerated aging environment. The Pb-rich phase size data indicated that the solder joints were exposed to a limited degree of thermal mechanical fatigue (TMF) that likely originated from the nominal temperature fluctuations coupled with the thermal expansion of the encapsulant as well as large expansion of the circuit board laminate in the z-axis (through-thickness) direction. This study demonstrated the methodology by which, IMC thickness and Pb-rich phase size were used to assess the temperature/time conditions experienced at the Sn-Pb/Cu interconnection level versus the external environment. C1 [Vianco, P. T.; Rejent, J. A.; Kilgo, A. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Vianco, PT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ptvianc@sandia.gov; jarejen@sandia.gov; ackilgo@sandia.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 978-0-87170-838-0 PY 2006 BP 83 EP 92 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BPY36 UT WOS:000280337000014 ER PT B AU Lopez, EP Vianco, P Lucero, S Buttry, W Rejent, J Martin, J AF Lopez, Edwin P. Vianco, Paul Lucero, Sam Buttry, Wayne Rejent, Jerry Martin, Joseph BE Stephens, JJ Weil, KS TI The Effects of Long-Term Storage On the Solderability of Immersion Silver Coatings SO BRAZING AND SOLDERING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Brazing and Soldering Conference CY APR 24-26, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASM Int, AWS AB The solderability of an immersion Ag finish was evaluated after the exposure of test specimens to a Battelle Class II environment, which accelerates the storage conditions of light industrial surroundings. The solderability metric was the contact angle, (theta(C)), as determined by the meniscometer/wetting balance technique. Auger surface and depth profile analyses were utilized to identify changes in the coating chemistry. The solderability test results indicate that there was no appreciable loss in solderability when the immersion Ag coated coupons were packaged in vapor phase corrosion (VPC) inhibitor bags and/or inhibitor bags with VPC inhibitor paper and aged for 8 hours, 1 week or 2 weeks in the Battelle Class II environment. An increase in surface carbon concentration after aging did not appear to significantly affect solderability. C1 [Lopez, Edwin P.; Vianco, Paul; Lucero, Sam; Buttry, Wayne; Rejent, Jerry] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lopez, EP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM eplopez@sandia.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 978-0-87170-838-0 PY 2006 BP 93 EP 99 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BPY36 UT WOS:000280337000015 ER PT B AU Susan, DF Van Den Avyle, JA Monroe, SL Sorensen, NR McKenzie, BB Michael, JR Christensen, JE Walker, CA AF Susan, D. F. Van Den Avyle, J. A. Monroe, S. L. Sorensen, N. R. McKenzie, B. B. Michael, J. R. Christensen, J. E. Walker, C. A. BE Stephens, JJ Weil, KS TI High Temperature Oxidation of 304L Stainless Steel and Its Effects on Glass-to-Metal Joining SO BRAZING AND SOLDERING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Brazing and Soldering Conference CY APR 24-26, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASM Int, AWS ID RESISTANCE; SILICON; ALLOYS; ADDITIONS AB An oxidation treatment, often termed "pre-oxidation", is performed on austenitic stainless steel prior to glass/metal joining to produce hermetic seals. The resulting thin oxide acts as a transitional layer and a source of Cr and other elements which diffuse into the glass during the subsequent bonding process. Pre-oxidation is performed in a low pO(2) atmosphere to avoid iron oxide formation and the final oxide is composed of Cr(2)O(3), MnCr(2)O(4) spinel, and SiO(2). Significant heat-to-heat variations in the oxidation behavior of 304L stainless steel have been observed, which result in inconsistent glass/metal seal behavior. The objectives of this work were to characterize the oxidation kinetics, the oxide morphology and composition, and the stainless steel attributes that lead to robust glass/metal seals. The oxidation kinetics were determined by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and the oxide layers were characterized using metallography, SEM, focused ion beam (FIB) analysis, and image analysis. The results show that poor sealing behavior is associated with slower oxidation kinetics and a more continuous layer of SiO(2) at the metal/oxide interface. In addition, the effects of 304L heat composition on oxidation behavior will be discussed. C1 [Susan, D. F.; Van Den Avyle, J. A.; Monroe, S. L.; Sorensen, N. R.; McKenzie, B. B.; Michael, J. R.; Christensen, J. E.; Walker, C. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Susan, DF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 978-0-87170-838-0 PY 2006 BP 104 EP 110 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BPY36 UT WOS:000280337000017 ER PT B AU Weil, KS Kim, JY Hardy, JS Darsell, JT AF Weil, K. Scott Kim, Jin Yong Hardy, John S. Darsell, Jens T. BE Stephens, JJ Weil, KS TI Improved Wetting Characteristics in TiO(2)-Modified Ag-CuO Air Braze Filler Metals SO BRAZING AND SOLDERING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Brazing and Soldering Conference CY APR 24-26, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASM Int, AWS ID COPPER-OXIDE; ALUMINA; ALLOYS; SYSTEM AB In this paper we report on the results of a series of sessile drop experiments designed to examine the effect of TiO(2) on the wetting behavior of Ag-CuO air braze filler metals. It was found that TiO(2) concentrations as small as 0.5 mol% can significantly decrease the contact angle of Ag-CuO on alumina over a compositional range of 1 - 34mol% CuO. The effect appears to maximize at a copper oxide concentration of similar to 4 mol% CuO regardless of the titania content. C1 [Weil, K. Scott; Kim, Jin Yong; Hardy, John S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Weil, KS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Hardy, John/E-1938-2016 OI Hardy, John/0000-0002-1699-3196 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 978-0-87170-838-0 PY 2006 BP 120 EP 124 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BPY36 UT WOS:000280337000019 ER PT B AU Saiz, E Tomsia, AP AF Saiz, Eduardo Tomsia, Antoni P. BE Stephens, JJ Weil, KS TI Kinetics of High Temperature Spreading SO BRAZING AND SOLDERING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Brazing and Soldering Conference CY APR 24-26, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASM Int, AWS ID DYNAMICS; METAL; LIQUIDS AB In this work high-speed photography is used to analyze the spreading kinetics of a variety of liquid metals and oxides. The results are compared with existing models. In non-reactive systems, spreading kinetics is controlled by the atomic dynamics at the triple junction (the "friction" of the triple junction). The data can be analyzed using a molecular-kinetic model in which the rate-controlling step is the movement of one atom from the liquid to the solid surface. C1 [Saiz, Eduardo; Tomsia, Antoni P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Saiz, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 978-0-87170-838-0 PY 2006 BP 203 EP 206 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BPY36 UT WOS:000280337000033 ER PT B AU Stephens, JJ Hosking, FM Walker, CA Dudley, EC Yost, FG AF Stephens, J. J. Hosking, F. M. Walker, C. A. Dudley, E. C. Yost, F. G. BE Stephens, JJ Weil, KS TI The Evolution of a Ternary Ag-Cu-Zr Active Braze Filler Metal for Kovar (TM)/Alumina Braze Joints SO BRAZING AND SOLDERING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Brazing and Soldering Conference CY APR 24-26, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASM Int, AWS AB This paper will chronicle the "evolution" of a practical Ag-1Cu-2Zr active braze filler metal for use in hermetic Kovar (TM)/Alumina braze joints. The alloy possesses the following important attributes relevant to metal/ceramic brazing: (a) it forms hermetic braze joints between 94% alumina ceramic and the Fe-29Ni-17Co controlled expansion alloy (known commercially as Kovar (TM)), (b) ASTM F19 tensile button strength for such braze joints are generally quite high, along with a large number of bulk ceramic fractures, and (c) high temperature mechanical properties of this braze alloy indicate good capacity for relaxation of mismatch strains in Kovar (TM)/alumina ceramic braze joints. Two alloys that served as intermediate milestones on the way to the 97Ag-1Cu-2Zr composition, are discussed. The earliest alloy considered was a 70Ag-28Cu-2Zr alloy - essentially eutectic Ag-Cu with a 2 wt.% Zr addition. The second stop on the way was a 98Ag-2Zr binary alloy. Excessive runout of the binary 98Ag-2Zr alloy on larger Kovar (TM) flanges led to the 97Ag-1Cu-2Zr alloy. Filler metals containing the Cu(4)AgZr intermetallic compound were found difficult to braze, and resulted in low hermetic yields. C1 [Stephens, J. J.; Hosking, F. M.; Walker, C. A.; Dudley, E. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Stephens, JJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 978-0-87170-838-0 PY 2006 BP 207 EP 213 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BPY36 UT WOS:000280337000034 ER PT B AU Stephens, JJ Neilsen, MK AF Stephens, John J. Neilsen, Michael K. BE Stephens, JJ Weil, KS TI Mechanical Behavior of the 98Ag-2Zr and 97Ag-1Cu-2Zr Active Braze Alloys SO BRAZING AND SOLDERING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Brazing and Soldering Conference CY APR 24-26, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASM Int, AWS AB Ceramic-to-metal brazing is being simulated using finite element analysis (FEA) codes to investigate the effects of braze alloy, braze process, and geometry variations on stress levels generated during brazing. The accuracy of these simulations depends on how realistically braze material behavior is understood and modeled. A viscoplastic model for braze alloys was developed. This model uses a hyperbolic sine function of effective stress in its kinetic equation for the inelastic strain rate. Evolution equations for the internal state variables describe competing mechanisms of power-law hardening and thermal recovery. Parameters for the 98Ag-2Zr and 97Ag-1Cu-2Zr braze alloys were obtained from a combination of experiments including uniaxial compression and creep compression. This paper includes a brief description of the viscoplastic model, tables with material parameters for the 98Ag-2Zr and 97Ag-1Cu-2Zr alloys, and summary data plots for compressive stress-strain and creep tests. Stress analysis results for a typical ceramic-to-metal braze joint using 98Ag-2Zr are compared to results obtained with the 97Ag-1Cu-2Zr, and 63Ag-35.25Cu-1.75Ti braze alloys. C1 [Stephens, John J.; Neilsen, Michael K.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Stephens, JJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jjsteph@sandia.gov; mkneils@sandia.gov; jjsteph@sandia.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 978-0-87170-838-0 PY 2006 BP 226 EP 233 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BPY36 UT WOS:000280337000037 ER PT B AU Adams, DP Bai, MM Rodriguez, MA Moore, JJ Brewer, LN Kelley, JB AF Adams, D. P. Bai, M. M. Rodriguez, M. A. Moore, J. J. Brewer, L. N. Kelley, J. B. BE Stephens, JJ Weil, KS TI Structure and Properties of Ni/Ti Thin Films used for Brazing SO BRAZING AND SOLDERING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Brazing and Soldering Conference CY APR 24-26, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASM Int, AWS ID COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS; TI-AL AB The properties of energetic thin films considered for alternative braze[1] techniques are investigated. Vapor-deposited Ni/Ti multilayer foils having a net 1:1 stoichiometry exhibit self-propagating, high temperature combustion reactions. The rate of reaction depends on Ni/Ti multilayer design with steady-state propagation speeds of freestanding foils measured from 0.2 to 1.0m/s. Transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction further show that NiTi films reacted in a self-propagating mode have a fine-grain, polycrystalline microstructure. All films are composed of cubic B2 and monoclinic B19' phases with some having NiTi(2) or Ni(3)Ti precipitates. C1 [Adams, D. P.; Rodriguez, M. A.; Brewer, L. N.; Kelley, J. B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Adams, DP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dpadams@sandia.gov NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 978-0-87170-838-0 PY 2006 BP 298 EP 302 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BPY36 UT WOS:000280337000049 ER PT J AU Fleisch, MC Maxwell, CA Kuper, CK Costes, SV Barcellos-Hoff, MH AF Fleisch, M. C. Maxwell, C. A. Kuper, C. K. Costes, S., V Barcellos-Hoff, M. H. TI Loss of TGF-beta promotes accumulation of centrosome amplification and karyotypic abnormalities in p53 competent mammary cells and tissues. SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 29th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium CY DEC 14-17, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP San Antonio Canc Inst, Baylor Coll Med, Canc Therapy Res Ctr, Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Dusseldorf, Univ Frauen klin, D-4000 Dusseldorf, Germany. RI Costes, Sylvain/D-2522-2013; Fleisch, Markus/E-4134-2014 OI Costes, Sylvain/0000-0002-8542-2389; Fleisch, Markus/0000-0002-8966-4721 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PY 2006 VL 100 SU 1 BP S290 EP S291 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 105QJ UT WOS:000242047101417 ER PT J AU Kenny, PA Bissell, MJ AF Kenny, P. A. Bissell, M. J. TI Targeting TACE-dependent EGFR ligand shedding in breast cancer. SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 29th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium CY DEC 14-17, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP San Antonio Canc Inst, Baylor Coll Med, Canc Therapy Res Ctr, Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RI Kenny, Paraic/A-3120-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PY 2006 VL 100 SU 1 BP S208 EP S209 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 105QJ UT WOS:000242047101173 ER PT J AU Miura, M Blattmann, H Brauer-Krisch, E Bravin, A Hanson, AL Nawrocky, MM Micca, PL Slatkin, DN Laissue, JA AF Miura, M Blattmann, H Brauer-Krisch, E Bravin, A Hanson, AL Nawrocky, MM Micca, PL Slatkin, DN Laissue, JA TI Radiosurgical palliation of aggressive murine SCCVII squamous cell carcinomas using synchrotron-generated X-ray microbeams SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-THERAPY; MICROPLANAR BEAMS; IRRADIATION; TUMOR; FACILITY; WIGGLER; MICE AB Microbeam radiosurgery (MBRS), also referred to as microbeam radiation therapy (MRT), was tested at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). The left tibiofibular thigh of a mouse bearing a subcutaneously (sc) implanted mouse model (SCCVII) of aggressive human squamous-cell carcinoma was irradiated in two orthogonal exposures with or without a 16 mm aluminium filter through a multislit collimator (MSG) by arrays of nearly parallel microbeams spaced 200 mu m on centre (oc). The peak skin-entrance dose from each exposure was 442 Gy, 625 Gy, or 884 Gy from 35 mu m wide beams or 442 Gy from 70 m wide beams. The 442/35, 625/35, 884/35 and 442/70 MBRSs yielded 25 day, 29 day, 37 day and 35 day median survival times (MST) (post-irradiation), respectively, exceeding the 20 day MST from 35 Gy-irradiation of SCCVIIs with a seamless 100 kVp X-ray beam. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Grenoble, France. Univ Bern, Inst Pathol, Bern, Switzerland. RP Miura, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI bravin, alberto/B-4911-2008; Bravin, Alberto/R-8633-2016 OI Bravin, Alberto/0000-0001-6868-2755 NR 25 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 4 PU BRITISH INST RADIOLOGY PI LONDON PA 36 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 4AT, ENGLAND SN 0007-1285 J9 BRIT J RADIOL JI Br. J. Radiol. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 79 IS 937 BP 71 EP 75 DI 10.1259/bjr/50464795 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 007YO UT WOS:000235007600012 PM 16421408 ER PT S AU Vesselinov, VV Robinson, BA AF Vesselinov, Velimir V. Robinson, Bruce A. BE Bierkens, MFP Gehrels, JC Kovar, K TI Delineation of capture zones in transient groundwater flow systems SO CALIBRATION AND RELIABILITY IN GROUNDWATER MODELLING: FROM UNCERTAINTY TO DECISION MAKING SE IAHS PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ModelCare 2005 Conference CY JUN 06-09, 2005 CL The Hague, NETHERLANDS SP TNO Bldg Environm & Geosci, Int Assoc Hydrol Sci, Int Commiss Groudwater DE capture zone; predictive uncertainty; transient analysis AB Capture-zone analyses are widely used to facilitate protection of groundwater supplies. Even though frequently substantial, transients are commonly ignored in the capture-zone analyses assuming a steady-state flow. Furthermore, advection-only flow paths generally applied in capture-zone analyses might not provide an adequate representation of mean plume behaviour of potential contaminant transport, especially in transient conditions. Here we analyse the impact of the transients and dispersion in the groundwater flow and transport on the capture zone estimates for a series of synthetic cases. Conditions for performing transient advective-dispersive capture-zone analyses are defined. They depend predominantly on the magnitude of groundwater transport velocities at the spatial and temporal scales of interest. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vesselinov, VV (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM vvv@lanl.gov RI Robinson, Bruce/F-6031-2010; OI Vesselinov, Velimir/0000-0002-6222-0530 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD OX10 8BB, ENGLAND SN 0144-7815 BN 978-1-901502-58-9 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 2006 VL 304 BP 246 EP 252 PG 7 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Water Resources SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Water Resources GA BGP16 UT WOS:000249325900036 ER PT S AU Mattson, M AF Mattson, Mark BE Magill, SR Yoshida, R TI Status of the CDF II calorimeters SO CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics CY JUN 05-09, 2006 CL Chicago, IL SP Hamamatsu Photon K K, Photon Grp, NE Illnois Ctr Accelerator & Detector Dev, Univ Chicago, Deutsch Elecktron Synchrotron, European Org Nucl Res, Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, US DOE, Off Sci DE CDF calorimeter ID UPGRADE AB The status of the CDF calorimeters was reported at the CALOR2002 conference, about a year after Run II started at the Tevatron Collider. I will review upgrades to the system since that conference, as well as the operation and performance of the calorimeters. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Mattson, M (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0364-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 867 BP 11 EP 16 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFM32 UT WOS:000243041000002 ER PT S AU O'Brien, E Dzhordzhadze, V Karmanov, D Kistenev, E Li, Z Litvinenko, A Merkin, M Nakagawa, I Peresedov, V Seto, R Takesani, A Sukhanov, A Volkov, V Voronin, A Vrba, V Zolin, L AF O'Brien, E. Dzhordzhadze, V. Karmanov, D. Kistenev, E. Li, Z. Litvinenko, A. Merkin, M. Nakagawa, I. Peresedov, V. Seto, R. Takesani, A. Sukhanov, A. Volkov, V. Voronin, A. Vrba, V. Zolin, L. BE Magill, SR Yoshida, R TI Silicon-tungsten tracking calorimeters for the forward direction in the PHENIX experiment at RHIC SO CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics CY JUN 05-09, 2006 CL Chicago, IL SP Hamamatsu Photon K K, Photon Grp, NE Illnois Ctr Accelerator & Detector Dev, Univ Chicago, Deutsch Elecktron Synchrotron, European Org Nucl Res, Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, US DOE, Off Sci DE calorimeter; forward spectrometer; mechanical design; analog and digital readout electronics; triggering ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; LARGE NUCLEI AB The PHENIX detector at RHIC has been designed to study hadronic and leptonic signatures of the Quark Gluon Plasma in heavy ion collisions and spin dependent structure functions in polarized proton collisions. The baseline detector measures muons in two muon spectrometers located forward and backward of mid-rapidity, and measures hadrons, electrons, and photons in two central spectrometer arms. Further progress requires extending rapidity coverage for hadronic and electromagnetic signatures by upgrading the functionality of the PHENIX muon spectrometers with calorimeters to include photon and jet measurements. In this paper we present the basics of the calorimeter design and argue that combining highly segmented calorimeter with high resolution preshower and shower maximum detectors allows to resolve overlapping showers separated by similar to X0/4 and properly reconstruct effective masses even under constrains of extremely compact experiment. C1 [O'Brien, E.; Kistenev, E.; Li, Z.; Sukhanov, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Dzhordzhadze, V.; Seto, R.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Karmanov, D.; Merkin, M.; Volkov, V.; Voronin, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Litvinenko, A.; Peresedov, V.; Zolin, L.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Nakagawa, I.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Vrba, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. RP O'Brien, E (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU PHENIX FX We thank our PHENIX collaborators for the support and encouragement of the proposed upgrade and fruitful discussions. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0364-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 867 BP 122 EP + PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFM32 UT WOS:000243041000015 ER PT S AU O'Brien, E Dzhordzhadze, V Karmanov, D Kistenev, E Li, Z Litvinenko, A Merkin, M Nakagawa, I Peresedov, V Seto, R Sukhanov, A Volkov, V Voronin, A Vrba, V Zolin, L AF O'Brien, E. Dzhordzhadze, V. Karmanov, D. Kistenev, E. Li, Z. Litvinenko, A. Merkin, M. .Nakagawa, I. Peresedov, V. Seto, R. Sukhanov, A. Volkov, V. Voronin, A. Vrba, V. Zolin, L. BE Magill, SR Yoshida, R TI Performance of the PHENIX NCC prototype SO Calorimetry in High Energy Physics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics CY JUN 05-09, 2006 CL Chicago, IL SP Hamamatsu Photon K K, Photon Grp, NE Illnois Ctr Accelerator & Detector Dev, Univ Chicago, Deutsch Elecktron Synchrotron, European Org Nucl Res, Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, US DOE, Off Sci DE electromagnetic sample calorimeter; silicon sensors; tungsten (W) AB The first prototype of NCC Si-W electromagnetic calorimeter have been built and tested at U-70 accelerator (IHEP, Protvino). Tests have been performed for 10 GeV electrons and 70 GeV protons. This paper describes design and construction of the prototype and tests results. Final prototype energy resolution is about 11% at 90% CL. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP O'Brien, E (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0364-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 867 BP 132 EP 138 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFM32 UT WOS:000243041000016 ER PT S AU Damgov, J AF Damgov, Jordan CA CMS HCAL Collaboration BE Magill, SR Yoshida, R TI CMS HCAL testbeam results and comparison with GEANT 4 simulation SO Calorimetry in High Energy Physics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics CY JUN 05-09, 2006 CL Chicago, IL SP Hamamatsu Photon K K, Photon Grp, NE Illnois Ctr Accelerator & Detector Dev, Univ Chicago, Deutsch Elecktron Synchrotron, European Org Nucl Res, Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, US DOE, Off Sci DE calorimeters; scintillation detectors; Monte Carlo AB A study of the CMS hadron calorimeter has been performed using pions, protons, electrons, and muons in the H2 test beam in the North Area at CERN in 2004. We present some of the measured properties of the HCAL barrel calorimeter. These include the detector energy resolution, linearity, and longitudinal shower profile as a function of the incident particle momentum. The detector configuration that was used included a mock-up of electromagnetic calorimeter (a 7X7 array of PbWO4 crystals) and two hadronic barrel modules. The momentum range of the beam particles was from 5 to 300 GeV/c. A validation of the GEANT4 was done by comparing the predictions of the simulation with the test beam data. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Damgov, J (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0364-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 867 BP 471 EP 478 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFM32 UT WOS:000243041000056 ER PT S AU Wright, DH Koi, T Folger, G Ivantchenko, V Kossov, M Starkov, N Heikkinen, A Wellisch, HP AF Wright, Dennis H. Koi, Tatsumi Folger, Gunter Ivantchenko, Vladimir Kossov, Mikhail Starkov, Nikolai Heikkinen, Aatos Wellisch, Hans-Peter BE Magill, SR Yoshida, R TI Recent developments and validations in Geant4 hadronic physics SO CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics CY JUN 05-09, 2006 CL Chicago, IL SP Hamamatsu Photon K K, Photon Grp, NE Illnois Ctr Accelerator & Detector Dev, Univ Chicago, Deutsch Elecktron Synchrotron, European Org Nucl Res, Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, US DOE, Off Sci DE simulation; Geant4; validation ID GEV/C AB The Geant4 hadronic models cover the entire range of energies required by calorimeters in new and planned experiments. The extension and improvement of the elastic, cascade, parameterized and quark-gluon string models will be discussed. Such improvements include the extension to more particle types, a review and correction of cross sections, and a better treatment of energy and momentum conservation. Concurrent with this development has been a validation program which includes comparisons with double differential cross sections. An ongoing hadronic shower validation will also be discussed which includes the examination of longitudinal shower shapes and the performance of the above models as well as their interaction with electromagnetic processes such as multiple scattering. C1 [Wright, Dennis H.; Koi, Tatsumi] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. [Starkov, Nikolai] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Heikkinen, Aatos] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. RP Wright, DH (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RI Starkov, Nikolai/D-9293-2014 OI Starkov, Nikolai/0000-0001-5735-2451 FU Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC); U.S. Department of Energy; European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN); Helsinki Institute of Physics FX This work was supported by the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) through a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy. It was also supported by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Helsinki Institute of Physics. NR 7 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0364-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 867 BP 479 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFM32 UT WOS:000243041000057 ER PT S AU Fernandez, PAM AF Fernandez, Pedro A. Movilla CA CDF Collaboration BE Magill, SR Yoshida, R TI Performance of the CDF calorimeter simulation in Tevatron Run II SO CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics CY JUN 05-09, 2006 CL Chicago, IL SP Hamamatsu Photon K K, Photon Grp, NE Illnois Ctr Accelerator & Detector Dev, Univ Chicago, Deutsch Elecktron Synchrotron, European Org Nucl Res, Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, US DOE, Off Sci DE CDF; GFLASH; calorimeter simulation AB The CDF experiment is successfully collecting data from pp collisions at the Tevatron in Run II. As the data samples are getting larger, systematic uncertainties due to the measurement of the jet energy scale assessed using the calorimeter simulation have become increasingly important. In many years of operation, the collaboration has gained experience with GFLASH, a fast parametrization of electromagnetic and hadronic showers used for the calorimeter simulation. We present the performance of the calorimeter simulation and report on recent improvements based on a refined in situ tuning technique. The central calorimeter response is reproduced with a precision of 1-2%. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fernandez, PAM (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0364-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 867 BP 487 EP 494 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFM32 UT WOS:000243041000058 ER PT S AU Dyshkant, A Rykalin, V Pla-Dalmau, A Beznosko, D AF Dyshkant, A. Rykalin, V. Pla-Dalmau, A. Beznosko, D. BE Magill, SR Yoshida, R TI Extruded scintillator for the calorimetry applications SO CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics CY JUN 05-09, 2006 CL Chicago, IL SP Hamamatsu Photon K K, Photon Grp, NE Illnois Ctr Accelerator & Detector Dev, Univ Chicago, Deutsch Elecktron Synchrotron, European Org Nucl Res, Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, US DOE, Off Sci DE extruded scintillator; co-extruded plastic scintillator; calorimeter; solid state photomultiplier AB An extrusion line has been installed and successfully operated at FNAL (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory) in collaboration with NICADD (Northern Illinois Center for Accelerator and Detector Development). This new Facility will serve to further develop and improve extruded plastic scintillator. Recently progress has been made in producing co-extruded plastic scintillator, thus increasing the potential HEP applications of this Facility. The current R&D work with extruded and coextruded plastic scintillator for a potential ALICE upgrade, the ILC calorimetry program and the MINERvA experiment show the attractiveness of the chosen strategy for future experiments and calorimetry. We extensively discuss extruded and co-extruded plastic scintillator in calorimetry in synergy with new Solid State Photomultipliers. The characteristics of extruded and co-extruded plastic scintillator will be presented here as well as results with non-traditional photo read-out. C1 [Dyshkant, A.; Rykalin, V.] No Illinois Univ, NICADD, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Pla-Dalmau, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Beznosko, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. RP Dyshkant, A (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, NICADD, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. OI Beznosko, Dmitriy/0000-0003-4828-8659 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0364-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 867 BP 513 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFM32 UT WOS:000243041000061 ER PT S AU Graf, N Magill, S Kuhlmann, S Cassell, R Johnson, T McCormick, J AF Graf, Norman Magill, Steve Kuhlmann, Steve Cassell, Ron Johnson, Tony McCormick, Jeremy BE Magill, SR Yoshida, R TI Intelligent detector design SO CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics CY JUN 05-09, 2006 CL Chicago, IL SP Hamamatsu Photon K K, Photon Grp, NE Illnois Ctr Accelerator & Detector Dev, Univ Chicago, Deutsch Elecktron Synchrotron, European Org Nucl Res, Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, US DOE, Off Sci DE calorimeter; particle flow; linear collider AB At a future e+e- linear collider, precision measurements of jets will be required in order to understand physics at and beyond the electroweak scale. Calorimetry will be used with other detectors in an optimal way to reconstruct particle 4-vectors with unprecedented precision. This Particle Flow Algorithm (PFA) approach is seen as the best way to achieve particle mass resolutions from dijet measurements in the range of similar to 30%/root E, resulting in innovative methods for choosing the calorimeter technology and optimizing the detector design. C1 [Graf, Norman; Cassell, Ron; Johnson, Tony; McCormick, Jeremy] Stanford Linear Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Magill, Steve; Kuhlmann, Steve] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Graf, N (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. FU University of Chicago as Operator of Argonne National Laboratory [W-31-109-ENG-38]; Stanford University as Operator of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center; DE-AC03-76SF00515 FX This work is supported in part by the University of Chicago as Operator of Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38 and in part by Stanford University as Operator of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00515, both with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0364-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 867 BP 523 EP + PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFM32 UT WOS:000243041000062 ER PT S AU Lei, X AF Lei Xia BE Magill, SR Yoshida, R TI Development of a particle flow algorithm at Argonne SO Calorimetry in High Energy Physics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics CY JUN 05-09, 2006 CL Chicago, IL SP Hamamatsu Photon K K, Photon Grp, NE Illnois Ctr Accelerator & Detector Dev, Univ Chicago, Deutsch Elecktron Synchrotron, European Org Nucl Res, Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, US DOE, Off Sci DE ILC; International Linear Collider; PFA; Particle Flow Algorithm; SiD AB The physics program for the future International Linear Collider (ILC) requires excellent jet energy resolution, which is believed to be obtainable by using particle flow algorithms (PFA) together with a highly granular calorimeter system. In this context we report on our efforts to develop a particle flow algorithm that can demonstrate the required jet energy resolution and be used to optimize the design of an ILC detector. The effort involves development of clustering, photon finding, track cluster association and fraction identification algorithms. We will discuss the cur-rent status of the algorithms and our plans for the future. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lei, X (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0364-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 867 BP 531 EP 537 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFM32 UT WOS:000243041000063 ER PT S AU Repond, J AF Repond, Jose BE Magill, SR Yoshida, R TI A hadron calorimeter with Resistive Plate Chambers SO Calorimetry in High Energy Physics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics CY JUN 05-09, 2006 CL Chicago, IL SP Hamamatsu Photon K K, Photon Grp, NE Illnois Ctr Accelerator & Detector Dev, Univ Chicago, Deutsch Elecktron Synchrotron, European Org Nucl Res, Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, US DOE, Off Sci DE calorimetry; linear collider; Particle Flow Algorithms; Resistive Plate Chambers AB The application of Particle Flow Algorithms to the measurement of hadronic jets requires calorimeters with extremely fine segmentation. Within the PFA paradigm the role of the hadron calorimeter is to measure the energy of neutral hadrons, i.e. neutrons and K-L(O)'s. We propose to use Resistive Plate Chambers as active medium for the hadron calorimeter of a detector for the International Linear Collider. We present our plans for the construction of a I m 3 prototype section of a hadron calorimeter to be tested in the Fermilab test beam and the current status of the project is reviewed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Repond, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0364-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 867 BP 582 EP 591 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BFM32 UT WOS:000243041000069 ER PT J AU Solomon, CT Weber, PK Cech, JJ Ingram, BL Conrad, ME Machavaram, MV Pogodina, AR Franklin, RL AF Solomon, CT Weber, PK Cech, JJ Ingram, BL Conrad, ME Machavaram, MV Pogodina, AR Franklin, RL TI Experimental determination of the sources of otolith carbon and associated isotopic fractionation SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME; COD GADUS-MORHUA; FISH OTOLITHS; STABLE-ISOTOPES; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; INORGANIC CARBON; ATLANTIC COD; DELTA-C-13; SALMON; ENDOLYMPH AB Otolith stable carbon isotope ratios provide a unique and widely applicable environmental record. Unfortunately, uncertainty regarding the proportion of otolith carbon that derives from metabolized food versus dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the water currently limits utilization of this marker. We manipulated the delta(13)C of food and ambient DIC in a factorial design with juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). At the activity levels and total metabolic rates characteristic of fish in this study, 17% (+/- 3% standard error, SE) of otolith C was metabolically derived, while > 80% was derived from DIC in ambient water. We also estimated isotopic enrichment factors associated with physiological carbon transformations by measuring delta(13)C of blood and endolymph (which closely tracked otolith delta(13)C). There was substantial depletion in C-13 of blood relative to C sources (epsilon(blood-sources) = -16.9e +/- 1.1e SE), but substantial enrichment in C-13 in otolith relative to blood (epsilon(oto-blood) = 13.3e +/- 1.3e SE). Net isotopic enrichment between sources and the otolith was therefore slightly negative. Most of the isotopic enrichment between the blood and the otolith was associated with the movement of C from blood to endolymph, while enrichment associated with the precipitation of otolith aragonite from the endolymph was small. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Isotope Geochem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Weber, PK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM weber21@llnl.gov RI Conrad, Mark/G-2767-2010; Solomon, Chris/E-6284-2014 OI Solomon, Chris/0000-0002-2850-4257 NR 45 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 16 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 63 IS 1 BP 79 EP 89 DI 10.1139/F05-200 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 010XO UT WOS:000235231400007 ER PT J AU Jager, HI AF Jager, HI TI Chutes and ladders and other games we play with rivers. I. Simulated effects of upstream passage on white sturgeon SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID FRAGMENTATION; HABITAT; DAMS AB River fragmentation by dams has often preceded declines in sturgeon populations, which suggests that reconnecting populations would contribute to their recovery. This study used a population viability model to quantify the effects of upstream passage at dams on white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) metapopulations inhabiting a series of long (source) and short (sink) river segments. Simulated river systems with high interspersion of long and short segments and a long segment far upstream supported the healthiest metapopulations, suggesting biological criteria for siting dams. Contrary to expectation, the model predicted that upstream passage, without screening or downstream passage, was harmful to the metapopulation as a whole. However, upstream passage was beneficial when downstream migration was either restricted (by screening larger fish) or made safe (by providing downstream passage). The combination of upstream and downstream passage was most beneficial at dams above a long river segment. Screening, alone or combined with upstream passage, was most beneficial at dams below a long segment. These theoretical results highlight the need for field research to evaluate management options and provide practical guidance for restoring sturgeon metapopulations in large rivers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jager, HI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jagerhi@ornl.gov OI Jager, Henriette/0000-0003-4253-533X NR 21 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 8 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 63 IS 1 BP 165 EP 175 DI 10.1139/F05-226 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 010XO UT WOS:000235231400013 ER PT J AU Jager, HI AF Jager, HI TI Chutes and ladders and other games we play with rivers. II. Simulated effects of translocation on white sturgeon SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CUTTHROAT TROUT; GENE FLOW; POPULATIONS; UPSTREAM; PASSAGE; DAM AB Restoring connectivity is viewed as an important recovery option for fish species adversely affected by river fragmentation. This simulation study quantified the genetic and demographic effects of translocation on metapopulations of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) inhabiting a series of long (source) and short (sink) river segments. Genetic effects were predictable; upstream translocations increased introgression and downstream translocations had no effect. Demographic results suggest that indiscriminant efforts to reconnect populations may do more harm than good. Simulated river systems with high interspersion of long and short segments and a long segment far upstream tended to benefit most from translocation, but only when narrow screening or downstream passage was also provided below the river segment receiving fish. When combined with narrow screening, upstream translocation to a long segment subsidizing several downstream short segments produced the best results. Downstream passage outperformed narrow screening only when the translocation recipient was a short segment in a river system with low interspersion and no long, upstream river segment. This model-based evaluation of reconnection options has helped to refine ideas about restoring populations in fragmented rivers by predicting which options benefit riverine metapopulations as a whole. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jager, HI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jagerhi@ornl.gov OI Jager, Henriette/0000-0003-4253-533X NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 6 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 63 IS 1 BP 176 EP 185 DI 10.1139/F05-225 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 010XO UT WOS:000235231400014 ER PT S AU Pietralla, N Rainovski, G Ahn, T Carpenter, MR Janssens, RVF Lister, CJ Zhu, S AF Pietralla, N Rainovski, G Ahn, T Carpenter, MR Janssens, RVF Lister, CJ Zhu, S BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI In-beam gamma-spectroscopy of low-spin mixed-symmetry states of Ce-138 with gammasphere in singles-mode SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE radioactivity : Coulomb excitation of Ce-138 on carbon target; E-beam=400; 480 MeV; measured : gamma-singles; gamma gamma-coinc.; 1 gamma(theta); gammasphere-array; deduced : E-X; J(pi); multipole mixing ratio delta; COULEX cross section; EM matrix elements; mixed-symmetry state; F-spin mixing ID INTERACTING-BOSON MODEL; ELECTRON-SCATTERING; NUCLEUS; MO-94; SHELL AB Gamma-rays from the nuclide Ce-138 have been measured with the Gammasphere-array following Coulomb excitation. Beams of Ce-138 ions were focussed on a carbon target at beam energies of 480 and 400 MeV. Gamma-ray yields and relative Coulomb excitation cross sections were measured in singles-mode. M1, E2, and E3 transition matrix elements from low-spin states were measured relative to the known B(E2; 0(1)(+) -> 2(1)(+),). The 2(+) -> 2(1)(+) M1 strength distribution from the lowest six 2(+) states up to 2.7 MeV enables us to identify the 2(1,ms)(+) state of Ce-138 as the dominant fragment of the one-phonon 2(1,ms)(+) mixed-symmetry state with F-spin quantum number F-max - 1. From its mixing with the nearby 2(3)(+) state an F-spin mixing matrix element of 44 keV can be estimated. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, NSL, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP SUNY Stony Brook, NSL, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM Norbert.Pietralla@stonybrook.edu; Lister@anl.gov RI Ahn, Tan/C-9158-2016; Rainovski, Georgi/A-3450-2008 OI Ahn, Tan/0000-0003-2249-7399; Rainovski, Georgi/0000-0002-1729-0249 FU NSF [PHY 0245018]; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [W-31-109-ENG-38, DE-FG02-04ER41334] FX We thank the ion-source group at ATLAS for the preparation of the excellent beams of 138Ce ions. We gratefully acknowledge the support by the NSF under grant No. PHY 0245018 and by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38 and grant No. DE-FG02-04ER41334. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 11 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100002 ER PT S AU Hayes, AB Cline, D Wu, CY Ai, J Amro, H Beausang, C Casten, RF Gerl, J Hecht, AA Heinz, A Hughes, R Janssens, RVF Lister, CJ Macchiavelli, AO Meyer, DA Moore, EF Napiorkowski, P Pardo, RC Schlegel, C Seweryniak, D Simon, MW Srebrny, J Teng, R Vetter, K Wollersheim, HJ AF Hayes, AB Cline, D Wu, CY Ai, J Amro, H Beausang, C Casten, RF Gerl, J Hecht, AA Heinz, A Hughes, R Janssens, RVF Lister, CJ Macchiavelli, AO Meyer, DA Moore, EF Napiorkowski, P Pardo, RC Schlegel, C Seweryniak, D Simon, MW Srebrny, J Teng, R Vetter, K Wollersheim, HJ BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Violations of K-conservation in Hf-178 SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE isomer; K-isomer; K-mixing; Coulomb excitation ID BARRIER PENETRATION AB Coulomb excitation of K-pi=6(+)(t(1/2)=77 ns), 8(-)(t(1/2)=4.0 s) and 16(+)(t(1/2)=31 Y) Hf-178 isomers has led to the measurement of a set of EX matrix elements, coupling the isomer bands to the gamma- and ground state bands. The resulting matrix elements, derived using a coupled-channel semiclassical Coulomb excitation search code, have been used to probe the K-components in the wave functions and revealed the onset and saturation of K-mixing in low-K bands, whereas K-mixing is negligible in the high-K bands. The implications can be applied to other quadrupole-deformed nuclei. An upper limit on the Coulomb depopulation yield of the 16(+) isomer was calculated based on the present set of matrix elements. C1 Univ Rochester, Nucl Struct Res Lab, Dept Phys, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Richmond, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Warsaw Univ, Heavy Ion Lab, Warsaw, Poland. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. RP Univ Rochester, Nucl Struct Res Lab, Dept Phys, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM rick@riviera.physics.yale.edu; hecht@phy.anl.gov; Lister@anl.gov RI Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014 FU National Science Foundation; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-91ER-40609, DE-FG02-05ER41379, DE-FG52-NA25929]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [W-31-109-ENG-38, DE-AC03-76SF00098]; Polish State Committee for Scientific Research [5P03B04720] FX Work supported by the National Science Foundation and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under grant number DE-FG02-91ER-40609. Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contracts DE-FG02-05ER41379 and DE-FG52-NA25929. Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under contracts W-31-109-ENG-38 (ANL) and DE-AC03-76SF00098 (LBNL). Work supported by the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research under contract 5P03B04720. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 24 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100004 ER PT S AU Seo, PN Bowman, JD Carlini, RD Chupp, TE Covrig, SD Dabaghyan, M Freedman, SJ Gentile, T Gericke, MT Gillis, RC Greene, GL Hersman, FW Ino, T Jones, GL Kandes, M Lauss, B Leuschner, MB Lozowski, WR Mahurin, R Mason, M Masuda, Y Mitchell, GS Muto, S Nann, H Page, SA Penttila, SI Ramsay, WD Santra, S Sharapov, EI Smith, TB Snow, WM Wilburn, WS Yuan, V Zhu, H AF Seo, PN Bowman, JD Carlini, RD Chupp, TE Covrig, SD Dabaghyan, M Freedman, SJ Gentile, T Gericke, MT Gillis, RC Greene, GL Hersman, FW Ino, T Jones, GL Kandes, M Lauss, B Leuschner, MB Lozowski, WR Mahurin, R Mason, M Masuda, Y Mitchell, GS Muto, S Nann, H Page, SA Penttila, SI Ramsay, WD Santra, S Sharapov, EI Smith, TB Snow, WM Wilburn, WS Yuan, V Zhu, H BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Measurement of parity-violating gamma-ray asymmetry in compound nuclei with cold neutrons SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE parity violation; hadronic weak interaction; compound state; weak spreading width ID PHYSICS; LANSCE AB The NPDGamma collaboration has constructed and commissioned an apparatus on flight path 12 at LANSCE to measure with a high precision, 5x10(-9), the small parity-violating gamma-ray asymmetry, A(gamma), in polarized neutron capture on protons. This asymmetry can be determined unambiguously the weak pion-nucleon coupling constant. To study the hadronic weak interaction at low energy, the collaboration has used the NPDGamma apparatus to measure parity-violating gamma-ray asymmetries in compound nuclei with cold neutrons. Using the statistical model of compound nuclei and spectroscopic information of the target nuclei, we can set upper limit on the spreading width of the hadronic weak interaction for intermediate-mass nuclei. We describe the experiment and the preliminary results of measured gamma-ray asymmetries of Al, Sc, Ti, Mn, and Co. C1 North Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys, Winnipeg R3T2N2, MB, Canada. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. High Energy Accelerator Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Hamilton Coll, Dept Phys, Clinton, NY 13323 USA. Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ British Columbia, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T2A3, Canada. Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. Univ Dayton, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP North Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM mitchell@tunl.duke.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 81 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100012 ER PT S AU Kondev, FG Tuli, JK AF Kondev, FG Tuli, JK BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Nuclear structure and decay data: Current status and future perspectives SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE nuclear structure and decay data; nuclear data compilations and evaluations AB The nuclear structure databases provide physicists around the world with a useful collection of reliable and well documented datasets. The Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File (ENSDF) database, produced by the International Nuclear Structure and Decay Data Network (NSDD) under the auspices of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), contains evaluated experimental information for all known nuclei. The bibliographical database Nuclear Science References (NSR) provides references to published data in the field of Nuclear Physics. The Experimental Unevaluated Nuclear Data List (XUNDL) provides a method for rapid access to formatted (compiled) data from recently published articles. Detailed information regarding these databases, as well as other products and services, can be found at the National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC) and IAEA web portals. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Nucl Data, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM kondev@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [W-31-109-ENG-38, DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This workis supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics under Contracts No. W-31-109-ENG-38 (ANL) and DE-AC02-98CH10886 (BNL). NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 113 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100018 ER PT S AU Pritychenko, B Herman, MW Oblozinsky, P Sonzogni, AA Zerkin, V AF Pritychenko, B Herman, MW Oblozinsky, P Sonzogni, AA Zerkin, V BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Nuclear data resources for capture gamma-ray spectroscopy and related topics SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE nuclear data ID SERVICES AB We discuss nuclear data resources of the National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC) of relevance to nuclear structure, reactions, astrophysics as well as applied technology applications. These resources include databases, tools, publications and powerful Web service at http://www.nndc.bn1.gov. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. IAEA, Nucl Data Sect, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM pritychenko@bnl.gov FU Office of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-8CH10886]; Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC. FX This work is supported by the Office of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy, under contract no. DE-AC02-8CH10886 with Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 128 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100021 ER PT S AU Firestone, RB Molnar, GL Revay, Z Belgya, T McNabb, DP Sleaford, BW AF Firestone, RB Molnar, GL Revay, Z Belgya, T McNabb, DP Sleaford, BW BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI The Evaluated Gamma-ray Activation File (EGAF) SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame ID ELEMENTS AB The Evaluated Gamma-ray Activation File (EGAF), a new database of prompt and delayed neutron capture gamma ray cross sections, has been prepared as part of an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Coordinated Research Project to develop a "Database of Prompt Gamma-rays from Slow Neutron Capture for Elemental Analysis". Recent elemental gamma-ray cross-section measurements performed with the guided neutron beam at the Budapest Reactor have been combined with data from the literature to produce the EGAF database. EGAF contains thermal cross sections for approximate to 35,000 prompt and delayed gamma -rays from 262 isotopes. New precise total thermal radiative cross sections have been derived for many isotopes from the primary and secondary gamma-ray cross sections and additional level scheme data. An IAEA TECDOC describing the EGAF evaluation and tabulating the most prominent gamma-rays will be published in 2004. The TECDOC will include a CD-ROM containing the EGAF database in both ENSDF and tabular formats with an interactive viewer for searching and displaying the data. The Isotopes Project, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory continues to maintain and update the EGAF file. These data are available on the Internet from both the IAEA and Isotopes Project websites. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Inst Isotopes & Surface Chem, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rbf@lbl.gov; belgya@iki.kfki.hu OI Firestone, Richard/0000-0003-3833-5546 FU Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03- 76SF00098]; U.S. Department of Energy by University of California; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48] FX This paper is dedicated to the memory of Gabor Molnar. The research presented here would not have been possible without his support and encouragement. This work was supported by Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03- 76SF00098 and performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract W-7405-Eng-48. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 138 EP + PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100023 ER PT S AU Cizewski, JA Jones, KL Pain, SD Thomas, JS Bardayan, DW Blackmon, JC Smith, MS Kozub, RL Johnson, MS AF Cizewski, JA Jones, KL Pain, SD Thomas, JS Bardayan, DW Blackmon, JC Smith, MS Kozub, RL Johnson, MS BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Neutron-transfer reactions with exotic neutron-rich beams: Surrogates for neutron-capture reactions SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE Ge-83; Se-85 deduced Q-values and spectroscopic strengths; rare isotope beam (d,p); reaction studies ID DECAY AB A new program to measure (d,p) reactions on rare isotopes of fission fragments has been established at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM cizewski@physics.rutgers.edu RI Pain, Steven/E-1188-2011; Jones, Katherine/B-8487-2011 OI Pain, Steven/0000-0003-3081-688X; Jones, Katherine/0000-0001-7335-1379 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FC03-03NA00143, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DEFG02-96-ER40955]; National Science Foundation; LDRD program of ORNL FX This work is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract numbers DE-FC03-03NA00143 (Rutgers), DE-AC05-00OR22725 (ORNL), DEFG02-96-ER40955 (TTU), the National Science Foundation, and the LDRD program of ORNL. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 209 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100034 ER PT S AU Garrett, PE Svensson, CE Ball, GC Hackman, G Zganjar, EF Andreoiu, C Andreyev, A Ashley, SF Austin, RAE Bandyopadhyay, D Becker, JA Chan, S Coombes, H Churchman, R Chakrawarthy, RS Finlay, P Grinyer, GF Hyland, B Illes, E Jones, GA Kulp, WD Leslie, JR Mattoon, C Morton, AC Pearson, CJ Phillips, AA Regan, PH Ressler, JJ Sarazin, F Schumaker, MA Schwarzenberg, J Smith, MB Valiente-Dobon, JJ Walker, PM Williams, SJ Waddington, JC Watters, LM Wong, J Wood, JL AF Garrett, PE Svensson, CE Ball, GC Hackman, G Zganjar, EF Andreoiu, C Andreyev, A Ashley, SF Austin, RAE Bandyopadhyay, D Becker, JA Chan, S Coombes, H Churchman, R Chakrawarthy, RS Finlay, P Grinyer, GF Hyland, B Illes, E Jones, GA Kulp, WD Leslie, JR Mattoon, C Morton, AC Pearson, CJ Phillips, AA Regan, PH Ressler, JJ Sarazin, F Schumaker, MA Schwarzenberg, J Smith, MB Valiente-Dobon, JJ Walker, PM Williams, SJ Waddington, JC Watters, LM Wong, J Wood, JL BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Gamma-ray spectroscopy at TRIUMF-ISAC SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE gamma-ray spectrometer; conversion electrons; lifetime measurements AB The 87 pi spectrometer at TRIUMF-ISAC consists of 20 Compton-suppressed germanium detectors and various auxiliary devices. The Ge array, once used for studies of nuclei at high angular momentum, has been transformed into the world's most powerful device dedicated to radioactive-decay studies. Many improvements in the spectrometer have been made, including a high-throughput data acquisition system, installation of a moving tape collector, incorporation of an array of 20 plastic scintillators for beta-particle tagging, 5 Si(Li) detectors for conversion electrons, and 10 BaF2 detectors for fast-lifetime measurements. Experiments can be performed where data from all detectors are collected simultaneously, resulting in a very detailed view of the nucleus through radioactive decay. A number of experimental programmes have been launched that take advantage of the versatility of the spectrometer, and the intense beams available at TRIUMF-ISAC. C1 Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, England. Saint Marys Univ, Dept Astron & Phys, Halifax, NS B3H3C3, Canada. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Chem, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Inst Isotopenforschung & Kernphys, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. RP Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM pgarrett@physics.uoguelph.ca RI Morton, Colin/K-1561-2015; OI Morton, Colin/0000-0003-0214-7551; Ashley, Stephen/0000-0001-5139-2209; Smith, Martin/0000-0003-0834-1574 FU Natural Sciences and Research Council of Canada; US Department of Energy; Brookhaven Technology Group; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; TRIUMF through National Research Council; Swedish Foundation for Higher Education and Research; Swedish Research Council; University of California; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [7405-ENG-48] FX This work has been supported by; the Natural Sciences and Research Council of Canada, the US Department of Energy, the Brookhaven Technology Group, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, and TRIUMF through the National Research Council. C.A. acknowledges the support offered by the Swedish Foundation for Higher Education and Research and the Swedish Research Council. Work by J.A.B. performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract no. W-7405-ENG-48. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 249 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100041 ER PT S AU Alpizar-Vicente, AM Bredeweg, TA Esch, EI Greife, U Haight, RC Hatarik, R O'Donnell, JM Reifarth, R Rundberg, RS Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wouters, JM AF Alpizar-Vicente, AM Bredeweg, TA Esch, EI Greife, U Haight, RC Hatarik, R O'Donnell, JM Reifarth, R Rundberg, RS Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wouters, JM BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Measurement of neutron capture cross section of Ni-62 in the keV-region SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE keV neutron capture; solid state detectors; neutrons sources; nuclear reactions AB The neutron capture cross section of Ni-62, relative to gold as a standard, was determined in the energy range from 250 eV to 100 kcV. This energy range covers the region between 5 keV to 20 keV, which is not available in ENDF. Capture events are detected with the 160-fold 47 pi BaF2 Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments (DANCE) at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. One of the challenges was to process the high count rate of 4 MHz, which required an optimization of the data acquisition software. The neutron energy was determined by the time-of-flight technique using a flight path of 20.25 m. The sample mass of the 96% enriched Ni-62 target was 210 mg and it was mounted in a 1.5 mu m thick Mylar foil. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM aalpizar@mines.edu FU US Department of Energy [W-7405-ENG-36]; DOE [DE-FG02- 93ER40789] FX This work has benefited from the use of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. This facility is funded by the US Department of Energy and operated by the University of California under Contract W-7405-ENG-36. The Colorado School of Mines group is funded via DOE Grant: DE-FG02- 93ER40789. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 273 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100044 ER PT S AU Hatarik, R Alpizar-Vicente, AM Bredeweg, TA Esch, EI Greife, U Haight, RC O'Donnell, JM Reifarth, R Rundberg, RS Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wouters, JM AF Hatarik, R Alpizar-Vicente, AM Bredeweg, TA Esch, EI Greife, U Haight, RC O'Donnell, JM Reifarth, R Rundberg, RS Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wouters, JM BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Pd-102(n, gamma) cross section measurement using DANCE SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE nucleosynthesis; p-process; keV neutron capture AB The neutron capture cross section of the proton rich nucleus Pd-102 was measured with the Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments (DANCE) at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. The target was a 2mg Pd foil with 78% enriched Pd-102. It was held by a 0.9 mu m thick Mylar bag which was selected after comparing different thicknesses of Kapton and Mylar for their scattering background. To identify the contribution of the other Pd isotopes the data of a natural Pd sample was compared to the data of the Pd-102 enriched sample. A C-12 sample was used to determine the scattering background. The Pd-102(n,gamma) rate is ofimportance for the p-process nucleosynthesis. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM rhatarik@mines.edu FU US Department of Energy [W-7405-ENG-36]; DOE [DE-FG02-93ER40789] FX This work has benefited from the use of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. This facility is funded by the US Department of Energy and operated by the University of California under Contract W-7405-ENG-36. The Colorado School of Mines group is funded via DOE Grant: DE-FG02-93ER40789. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 278 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100045 ER PT S AU Agvaanluvsan, U Alpizar-Vicente, A Becker, JA Becvaf, F Bredeweg, TA Clement, R Esch, E Folden, CM Hatarik, R Haight, RC Hoffman, DC Krticka, M Macri, RA Mitchell, GE Nitsche, H O'Donnell, JM Parker, W Reifarth, R Rundberg, RS Schwantes, JM Sheets, SA Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wilk, P Wouters, JM Wu, CY AF Agvaanluvsan, U Alpizar-Vicente, A Becker, JA Becvaf, F Bredeweg, TA Clement, R Esch, E Folden, CM Hatarik, R Haight, RC Hoffman, DC Krticka, M Macri, RA Mitchell, GE Nitsche, H O'Donnell, JM Parker, W Reifarth, R Rundberg, RS Schwantes, JM Sheets, SA Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wilk, P Wouters, JM Wu, CY BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI The radiative strength function using the neutron-capture reaction on Eu-151,Eu-153 SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE neutron capture; radiative strength function; resonances ID MONOENERGETIC PHOTONS; GAMMA-CASCADES; RESONANCE AB Radiative strength functions in (152)'Eu-154 nuclei for gamma-ray energies below 6 MeV have been investigated. Neutron capture for incident neutron energies < leV up to 100 keV has been measured for Eu-151,Eu-153 targets. Properties Of 7 decay of neutron resonances in Eu-152,Eu-154 nuclei are examined. The results of measurements are compared to outcome of simulation of gamma cascades based on various models for the radiative strength function. Comparison between experimental data and simulation suggests existence of the low-energy resonance in these two nuclei. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Charles Univ Prague, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Raleigh, NC 27708 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM agvaanluvsan1@llnl.gov FU U.S. DOE; UC [W-7405-ENG-48, W-7405-ENG-36]; NNSA Academic Alliance through DOE Research Grant [DE-FG03-03-NA00076, DE-FG03-03-NA00075]; U.S. Department of Energy (NCSU/TUNL) [DE-FG02-97- ER41042] FX Work supported in part by the U.S. DOE by the UC under contract Nos. W-7405-ENG-48 (LLNL) and W-7405-ENG-36 (LANL), and by the NNSA Academic Alliance through DOE Research Grant Nos. DE-FG03-03-NA00076 (NCSU) and DE-FG03-03-NA00075 (UCB). Support by U.S. Department of Energy Grant No. DE-FG02-97- ER41042 (NCSU/TUNL) is acknowledged. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 295 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100048 ER PT S AU Walter, S Heil, M Kappeler, F Plag, R Reifarth, R AF Walter, S Heil, M Kappeler, F Plag, R Reifarth, R BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Method for (n,,gamma) cross section measurements on unstable isotopes SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE s process; unstable isotopes; branch point isotopes; 4 pi BaF2 calorimeter; time of flight method ID S-PROCESS NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; MASSIVE STARS AB Branching points in the s process provide information of the stellar interior and are considered as stringent tests of stellar models. Current measurements with the time of flight (TOF) technique are limited by the available neutron fluxes which require - even under ideal circumstances - sample masses of at least several milligram. For short lived nuclei, this would imply severe backgrounds due to the activity of the sample. We propose to increase the sensitivity of the TOF method such that target masses in the microgram region can be used. This is achieved by shortening the flight path down to a few centimeters, setting up the neutron production target inside a 4 pi BaF2 calorimeter. Some first results of background test measurements as well as of computer simulations with GEANT are shown. C1 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Kernphys, Postfach 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Kernphys, Postfach 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. EM iris.dillmann@ik.fzk.de NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 307 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100050 ER PT S AU Rundberg, RS Bredeweg, TA Bond, EM Haight, RC Hunt, LF Kronenberg, A O'Donnell, JM Schwantes, JM Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wouters, JM AF Rundberg, RS Bredeweg, TA Bond, EM Haight, RC Hunt, LF Kronenberg, A O'Donnell, JM Schwantes, JM Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wouters, JM BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Neutron capture cross sections of U-236 and U-234 SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE neutron capture cross sections; DANCE ID TARGETS AB Accurate neutron capture cross sections of the actinide elements at neutron energies up to 1 MeV are needed to better interpret archived nuclear test data, for post-detonation nuclear attribution, and the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative. The Detector for Advance Neutron Capture Experiments, DANCE, has unique capabilities that allow the differentiation of capture gamma rays from fission gamma rays and background gamma rays from scattered neutrons captured by barium isotopes in the barium fluoride scintillators. The DANCE array has a high granularity, 160 scintillators, high efficiency, and nearly 4-pi solid angle. Through the use of cuts in cluster multiplicity and calorimetric energy the capture gamma-rays are differentiated from other sources of gamma rays. The preliminary results for the capture cross sections of U-236 are in agreement with the ENDF/B-VI evaluation. The preliminary results for U-234 lower are than ENDF/B-VI evaluation and are closer to older evaluations. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM rundberg@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; University of California; Los Alamos National Laboratory [W-7405-ENG-48] FX Work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory (W-7405-ENG-48). NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 312 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100051 ER PT S AU Nelson, RO Devlin, A Fotiades, N Becker, JA Garrett, PE Younes, W Dashdorj, D Ethvignot, T Granier, T AF Nelson, RO Devlin, A Fotiades, N Becker, JA Garrett, PE Younes, W Dashdorj, D Ethvignot, T Granier, T BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Gamma-ray cross section standards in the MeV energy range and Fe-56 inelastic scattering SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE MeV gamma-ray cross sections; standards; neutron inelastic scattering; iron; chromium; Fe; Cr; HPGe detector AB An accurate knowledge of neutron-induced gamma-ray production cross sections is important in enabling the determination of absolute cross sections from relative measurements of gamma-ray yields. Such data have a variety of uses, for example, in determining reaction cross sections for activation of materials used as integral neutron flux detectors, and in measuring photon production necessary to evaluate gamma-ray heating in nuclear systems. Such data also find application in neutron-induced gamma-ray detection and assay systems and in planetary exploration where cosmic-ray-neutron-induced photon production is used to determine elemental composition of soils. In our work using the GEANIE gamma-ray spectrometer at the WNR facility of LANSCE, we observed discrepancies outside of the error estimates for evaluations of the Fe-nat(n,n(1)'y) cross section for the 847-keV gamma ray and for other reactions that are taken as standards. We have performed measurements relative to the Cr-nat(n,n(1)'y) 1434-keV gamma ray absolute cross section measurements using the U-235(n,f) and U-238(n,f) reactions to determine the neutron fluence. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE NS, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. CEA, Grenoble, France. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE NS, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ronelson99@mindspring.com; jabecker@llnl.gov; pgarrett@physics.uoguelph.ca FU U.S. Department of Energy [W-7405-ENG-36]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-ENG-48]; Los Alamos Neutron Science Center at LANL [W-7405-ENG-36] FX Portions of this work were performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36, and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. W-7405-ENG-48. This work has benefited from the use of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center at LANL that is also funded under Contract No.W-7405-ENG-36. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 323 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100053 ER PT S AU Krticka, A Becvar, F Heil, A Kappeler, F Reifarth, R Tomandl, I Voss, F Wisshak, K AF Krticka, A Becvar, F Heil, A Kappeler, F Reifarth, R Tomandl, I Voss, F Wisshak, K BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Independent evidence for M1 scissors resonances built on the levels in the quasicontinuum of Dy-163 SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE 4 pi BaF2 gamma detector; neutron capture; gamma cascades; M1 scissors mode; photon strength function; summed B(M1)up arrow strength ID GAMMA-CASCADES; DETECTOR; NUCLEI AB The spectra of gamma-rays following the capture of neutrons in Dy-162 at neutron energy region of 90-100 keV, where p-wave neutron resonances dominate, were measured for individual gamma multiplicities. These data support independently the main assessment from our previous study of the two-step gamma cascades, following the thermal s-wave neutron capture in Dy-162, that the M1 scissors-mode resonances are built on all levels of Dy-163, including the levels in the quasicontinuum. C1 Charles Univ Prague, Fac Management & Phys, Prague 18000, Czech Republic. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. RP Charles Univ Prague, Fac Management & Phys, Prague 18000, Czech Republic. EM beevar@mbox.troja.mff.cuni.cz; michael.heil@ik.fzk.de; franz.kaeppeler@ik.fzk.de; tomandl@ujf.cas.cz RI Tomandl, Ivo/G-7816-2014 FU Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [202/03/P136] FX This work has been partly supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic under contract No. 202/03/P136. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 345 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100056 ER PT S AU Hecht, AA Lister, CJ Davids, CN Heinz, A Hoteling, N Mazzocchi, C Palombo, J Seweryniak, D Shergur, J Stoyer, M Walters, WB Woods, PJ Zhu, S AF Hecht, AA Lister, CJ Davids, CN Heinz, A Hoteling, N Mazzocchi, C Palombo, J Seweryniak, D Shergur, J Stoyer, M Walters, WB Woods, PJ Zhu, S BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Search for enhanced alpha preformation in the N=Z+1 nuclei Ba-113, Xe-109, Te-105 SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame ID DECAY; RADIOACTIVITY AB alpha-decay is known in a few cases just above Sn-100. The lowest isospin nuclei in which it has been observed are the T-z=1 nuclei Ba-114, Xe-110, and Te-106. For the next lower isospin with T-z = (1)/(2), N=Z+1, we used the reactions Ni-58 + Ni-58 and Ni-58 + Fe-54 to search for the Ba-113 -> Xe-109 -> Te-105 -> Sn-101 alpha-decay chain. We found no candidates in our study. We set upper limits on the production of Ba-113 via the Ni-58 + Ni-58 reaction and upper limits on the production of Xe-109 via the Ni-58 + Fe-54 reaction. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Yale Univ, WNSL, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Dept Phys, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM hecht@phy.anl.gov; Lister@anl.gov RI Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy [W-31-109-ENG-38, DE-FG02-94-ER40834] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract Numbers W-31-109-ENG-38 and DE-FG02-94-ER40834. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 355 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100058 ER PT S AU Firestone, RB Krtiaka, A McNabb, DP Sleaford, B Agvaanluvsan, U Belgya, J Revay, Z AF Firestone, RB Krtiaka, A McNabb, DP Sleaford, B Agvaanluvsan, U Belgya, J Revay, Z BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Thermal neutron capture cross sections of the palladium isotopes SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE neutron capture on palladium isotopes ID DECAY AB We have measured precise thermal neutron capture gamma-ray cross sections cry for all stable Palladium isotopes with the guided thermal neutron beam from the Budapest Reactor. The data were compared with other data from the literature and have been evaluated into the Evaluated Gamma-ray Activation File (EGAF) [1]. Total radiative neutron capture cross-sections cry can be deduced from the sum of transition cross sections feeding the ground state of each isotope if the decay scheme is complete. The Palladium isotope decay schemes are incomplete, although transitions deexciting low-lying levels are known for each isotope. We have performed Monte Carlo simulations of the Palladium thermal neutron capture deexcitation schemes using the computer code DICEBOX [2]. This program generates level schemes where levels below a critical energy Em, are taken from experiment, and those above E-crit are calculated by a random discretization of an a priori known level density formula p(E,J(pi)). Level de-excitation branching intensities are taken from experiment for levels below E-crit the capture state, or calculated for levels above E-crit assuming an a priori photon strength function and applying allowed selection rules and a Porter-Thomas distribution of widths. The advantage of this method is that calculational uncertainties can be investigated systematically. Calculated feeding to levels below E,,it can be normalized to the measured cross section deexciting those levels to determine the total radiative neutron cross-section sigma(gamma). In this paper we report the cross section measurements sigma(gamma)[Pd-102(n,y)]=0.9 +/- 0.3 b, sigma(gamma)[Pd-104(n,y)=0.61 +/- 0.11 b, sigma(gamma)[Pd-105(n,gamma)]=2.1.1 +/- 1.5 b, sigma(gamma)[Pd-106(n,y)]=0.36 +/- 0.05 b, sigma(gamma)[Pd-108(n,y)(0)]=7.6 +/- 0.6 b, sigma(gamma)[Pd-108(n,y)(189)]=0.185 +/- 0.011 b, and sigma(gamma)[Pd-110(n,y)]=0.10 +/- 0.03 b. We have also determined from our statistical calculations that the neutron capture states in Pd-107 are best described as 2(+)[59(4)%]+3(+)[41(4)%]. Agreement with literature values was excellent in most cases. We found significant discrepancies between our results for Pd-102 and (110)d and earlier values that could be resolved by re-evaluation of the earlier results. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, CZ-18040 Prague, Czech Republic. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Inst Isotope & Surface Chem, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. RP Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rbf@lbl.gov; agvaanluvsan1@llnl.gov; belgya@iki.kfki.hu RI Belgya, Tamas/K-5356-2012; OI Firestone, Richard/0000-0003-3833-5546 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC03-76SF00098]; U.S. Department of Energy by University of California; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48]; NNSA Academic Alliance [DE-FG03-03NA00076]; Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [2OU03P 136] FX This work was supported by grants from the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DEAC03-76SF00098; the U.S. Department of Energy by University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract W-7405-Eng-48; NNSA Academic Alliance grant No. DE-FG03-03NA00076, and the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic under Contract 2OU03P 136 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 389 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100064 ER PT S AU Becker, JA AF Becker, JA BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Atomic-nuclear coupling experiments SO Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE atomic nuclear coupling; NEET; U-235 Os-189; isomers ID EXCITATION; TRANSITION AB Atomic-nuclear coupling experiments are described, with an emphasis on recent experiments aimed at demonstrating the NEET mechanism in atomic nuclei. Upper limits for x-ray induced decay of the Hf-178 31-y isomer reported by Ahmad and his colleagues are presented, and these upper limits are contrasted with the positive reports of Collins and coworkers. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Becker, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 396 EP 401 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100065 ER PT S AU von Neumann-Cosel, P Adachi, T Byelikov, A Fujita, H Fujita, Y Heger, A Kolbe, E Langanke, K Martinez-Pinedo, G Richter, A Shevchenko, A Shimbara, Y AF von Neumann-Cosel, P Adachi, T Byelikov, A Fujita, H Fujita, Y Heger, A Kolbe, E Langanke, K Martinez-Pinedo, G Richter, A Shevchenko, A Shimbara, Y BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Magnetic dipole and Gamow-Teller modes in neutrino-nucleus reactions: Impact on supernova dynamics and nucleosynthesis SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE neutrino-induced reactions on nuclei; M1 and GT strengths; supernova dynamics; neutrino nucleosynthesis ID P-PROCESS; WEAK AB Some aspects of the importance of neutrino-induced reactions on nuclei within supernova physics are discussed. It is argued that important constraints on the experimentally unknown cross sections can be obtained from experimental studies of the nuclear response in selected cases. Examples are neutral-current induced reactions on f p-shell nuclei extracted from high-resolution inelastic electron scattering data providing the M1 strength distributions and the production of the exotic heavy, odd-odd nuclei La-138 and Ta-180 through charged-current reactions dominated by Gamow-Teller transitions. The Gamow-Teller strength can deduced from the (He-3,t) charge-exchange reaction at zero degree. C1 Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Gesellschaf Schwerionenforsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. ICREA, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain. Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain. RP Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. EM vnc@ikp.tu-darmstadt.de FU DFG under contracts SFB 634 and 446 JAP [113/267/0-1] FX This work has been supported by the DFG under contracts SFB 634 and 446 JAP 113/267/0-1. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 432 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100070 ER PT S AU Lauritsen, T Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Kondev, FG Lister, CJ Moore, EF Seweryniak, D Zhu, S Dossing, T Herskind, B Heinz, AM Jenkins, DG Clark, RM Fallon, P Macchiavelli, AO Ward, D Lane, G Chowdhury, P Korichi, A Lopez-Martens, A Larabee, AJ AF Lauritsen, T Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Kondev, FG Lister, CJ Moore, EF Seweryniak, D Zhu, S Dossing, T Herskind, B Heinz, AM Jenkins, DG Clark, RM Fallon, P Macchiavelli, AO Ward, D Lane, G Chowdhury, P Korichi, A Lopez-Martens, A Larabee, AJ BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Rotational damping, ridges, and the quasi-continuum of gamma rays in Dy-152 SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE superdeformation; heavy ion fusion; high spin spectroscopy; continuum spectroscopy; rotational damping; entry distribution ID SPECTRA; STATES AB The quasi-continuum of gamma rays from the feeding and decay of superdeformed and normal bands in the nucleus Dy-152 have been extracted in 1- and 2- dimensional spectra. The E-gamma-E-gamma correlations in the latter reveals strong ridges associated with superdeformed and normal states in this nucleus. The entry distributions for normal and superdeformed bands were also extracted. A Monte Carlo model was developed that simultaneously describes all the quasi-continuum and ridge spectra as well as the feeding intensity of the superdeformed bands. Through the calculation of the continuum of gamma rays at finite temperature, the rotational damping widths in the normal and superdeformed wells were extracted. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CNRS, CSNSM, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. Greenville Coll, Greenville, IL 62246 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM torben@anl.gov; kondev@anl.gov; Lister@anl.gov RI Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 FU U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Nuclear Physic [W31109ENG38, DEAC0376SF00098]; Danish Natural Science Foundation FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. W31109ENG38 and DEAC0376SF00098, and the Danish Natural Science Foundation. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 459 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100074 ER PT S AU Barrett, BR Navratil, P Stetcu, I Vary, JP AF Barrett, BR Navratil, P Stetcu, I Vary, JP BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Effective interactions and operators in nuclei within the no-core shell model SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE shell model; nuclear spectra; electromagnetic transitions AB We review the application of effective operator formalism to the ab initio no core shell model (NCSM). For short-range operators, such as the nucleon-nucleon potential, the unitary-transformation method works extremely well at the two-body cluster approximation and good results are obtained for the binding energies and excitation spectra of light nuclei (A <= 16). However, for long-range operators, such as the radius or the quadrupole moment, performing this unitary transformation at the two-body cluster level does not include the higher-order correlations needed to renormalize these long-range operators adequately. Usually, such correlations can be obtained either by increasing the order of the cluster approximation or by increasing the model space. We will discuss the difficulties of these approaches as well as alternate possible solutions for including higher-order correlations in small model spaces. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, POB 210081, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, POB 210081, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM bbarrett@physics.arizona.edu FU NFS [PHY0244389]; U. S. Department of Energy by the University of California; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48]; LDRD [04-ERD-058]; USDOE [FG-02-87ER-40371] FX B.R.B and I.S. acknowledge partial support by NFS grant PHY0244389. The work was performed in part under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract No. W-7405-Eng-48. P.N. received support from LDRD contract 04-ERD-058. J.P.V. acknowledges partial support by USDOE grant No DE-FG-02-87ER-40371. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 504 EP + PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100081 ER PT S AU Esbensen, H AF Esbensen, H BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Radiative capture versus Coulomb dissociation SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE coulomb dissociation; radiative capture ID CROSS-SECTION; E2 CONTRIBUTION; B-8; TRANSITIONS AB Measurements of the Coulomb dissociation of B-8 have been used to infer the rate of the inverse radiative proton capture on Be-7. The analysis is usually based on the assumptions that the two processes are related by detailed balance and described by El transitions, However, there are corrections to this relation. The Coulomb form factors for the two processes, for example, are not identical. There are also E2 transitions and higher-order effects in the Coulomb dissociation, and the nuclear induced breakup cannot always be ignored. While adding first-order E2 transitions enhances the decay energy spectrum, the other mechanisms cause a suppression at low relative energies. The net result may accidentally be close to the conventional first-order E1 calculation, but there are differences which cannot be ignored if accuracies of 10% or better are needed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM esbensen@phy.anl.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 518 EP 522 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100083 ER PT S AU Krticka, A Becvar, F Heil, M Kappeler, F Reifarth, R Tomandl, I Voss, F Wisshak, K AF Krticka, A Becvar, F Heil, M Kappeler, F Reifarth, R Tomandl, I Voss, F Wisshak, K BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Anomalous neutron radiative capture in Au-197 revisited SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE neutron capture; gamma cascades; photon strength function; pygmy resonance ID GAMMA-CASCADES; RESONANCE; STRENGTH; DETECTOR; NUCLEI AB Behavior of the photon strength function of Au-198 is treated using a novel approach based on studying gamma cascades following the thermal and keV neutron capture in Au-197. C1 Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, CR-18000 Prague, Czech Republic. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. RP Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, CR-18000 Prague, Czech Republic. EM beevar@mbox.troja.mff.cuni.cz; michael.heil@ik.fzk.de; franz.kaeppeler@ik.fzk.de; tomandl@ujf.cas.cz RI Tomandl, Ivo/G-7816-2014 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 563 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100093 ER PT S AU Bredeweg, TA Fowler, MM Becker, JA Bond, EM Chadwick, MB Clement, RRC Esch, EI Ethvignot, T Granier, T Hunt, LF Macri, RA O'Donnell, JM Rundberg, RS Schwantes, JM Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wouters, JM Wu, CY Yurkon, JE AF Bredeweg, TA Fowler, MM Becker, JA Bond, EM Chadwick, MB Clement, RRC Esch, EI Ethvignot, T Granier, T Hunt, LF Macri, RA O'Donnell, JM Rundberg, RS Schwantes, JM Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wouters, JM Wu, CY Yurkon, JE BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Simultaneous measurement of (n,gamma) and (n,fission) cross sections with the DANCE 4 pi BaF2 array SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE fission-tagging; neutron capture; neutron induced fission AB Neutron capture cross section measurements on many of the actinides are complicated by low-energy neutron-induced fission, which competes with neutron capture to varying degrees depending on the nuclide of interest. Measurements of neutron capture on U-235 using the Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments (DANCE) have shown that we can partially resolve capture from fission events based on total photon calorimetry (i.e. total gamma-ray energy and gamma-ray multiplicity per event). The addition of a fission-tagging detector to the DANCE array will greatly improve our ability to separate these two competing processes so that improved neutron capture and (n,gamma)/(n,fission) cross section ratio measurements can be obtained. The addition of a fission-tagging detector to the DANCE array will also provide a means to study several important issues associated with neutron-induced fission, including (n,fission) cross sections as a function of incident neutron energy, and total energy and multiplicity of prompt fission photons. We have focused on two detector designs with complementary capabilities, a parallel-plate avalanche counter and an array of solar cells. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM toddb@lanl.gov; jabecker@llnl.gov; rundberg@lanl.gov; ullmann@lanl.gov; j_wilhelmy@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; University of California; Los Alamos National Laboratory [W-7405-ENG-36]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-ENG-48]; Los Alamos Neutron Science Center [W-7405-ENG-36]; NSF [PHY-0110253] FX Work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory (W-7405-ENG-36) and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (W-7405-ENG-48). Work benefited from use of Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (W-7405-ENG-36). Work benefited from use of the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory supported by NSF grant No. PHY-0110253. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 568 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100095 ER PT S AU Pritychenko, B Arcilla, R Herman, MW Oblozinsky, P Rochman, D Sonzogni, AA Tuli, JK Winchell, DF AF Pritychenko, B Arcilla, R Herman, MW Oblozinsky, P Rochman, D Sonzogni, AA Tuli, JK Winchell, DF BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI Nuclear reaction and structure databases of the National Nuclear Data Center SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE nuclear data AB The National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC) collects, evaluates, and disseminates nuclear physics data for basic research and applied nuclear technologies. In 2004, the NNDC migrated all databases into modem relational database software, installed new generation of Linux servers and developed new Java-based Web service. This nuclear database development means much faster, more flexible and more convenient service to all users in the United States. These nuclear reaction and structure database developments as well as related Web services are briefly described. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM pritychenko@bnl.gov OI Rochman, Dimitri/0000-0002-5089-7034 FU Office of Nuclear Physics; Office of Science; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work is supported by the Office of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy, under contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 589 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100105 ER PT S AU Sheets, SA Agvaanluvsan, U Krticka, M Mitchell, GE Becket, JA Becvar, F AF Sheets, SA Agvaanluvsan, U Krticka, M Mitchell, GE Becket, JA Becvar, F BE Woehr, A Aprahamian, A TI The radiative strength function using the neutron-capture reaction on Mo-94,Mo-95 SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics CY SEP 04-09, 2005 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN HO Univ Notre Dame DE photon strength function; electromagnetic transitions AB We investigate the energy and multiplicity distributions of gamma-rays following neutron capture in Mo-94,Mo-95. By comparing simulated gamma cascades following radiative capture with experimental spectra we try to learn something about the photon strength function at energies below the separation energy. The point of this comparison is to try and confirm recent experiments that found an anomalous low energy enhancement in the photon strength function for molybdenum isotopes. C1 North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Triangle Univ, Nucl Lab, Durham, NC USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Charles Univ Prague, CR-11636 Prague 1, Czech Republic. RP North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM sasheets@tunl.duke.edu NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0313-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2006 VL 819 BP 597 EP + PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BEE02 UT WOS:000236907100109 ER PT J AU Wu, XX Radovic, LR AF Wu, XX Radovic, LR TI Inhibition of catalytic oxidation of carbon/carbon composites by phosphorus SO CARBON LA English DT Article DE carbon/carbon composites; catalyst, oxidation; molecular simulation, temperature programmed desorption; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; reactivity ID CARBON-CARBON COMPOSITES; GRAPHITE OXIDATION; BORON-OXIDE; REACTIVITY; BEHAVIOR; IMPREGNATION; PROTECTION; RESISTANCE; ADDITIVES; AIR AB The inhibition effectiveness of thermally deposited phosphorus (P) Compounds on the carbon oxidation catalyzed by potassium or calcium acetate has been investigated. The P deposit was formed by impregnating carbon/carbon composite samples with methanol solution of methyl-phosphoric acid or phosphorus oxychloride and heating at ca. 600 degrees C. An amorphous layer formed by a relatively large amount of P deposit functioned as a barrier for the access of the catalyst to the carbon surface even though it had almost no barrier effect for O-2 access. The catalytic effect of calcium was almost completely suppressed by such deposit, but the effect of potassium was only partially suppressed due to the superior wetting ability and mobility of potassium species. Small amounts of P deposit showed similar inhibition effects on non-catalyzed oxidation, while their effects on catalytic oxidation were not as good. Characterization of P-deposited carbon samples by XPS, XRD, SEM and TPD, as well as ab initio MO calculations, suggested that the inhibition effect mainly resulted from the formation of oxygen-containing P groups which may include metaphosphates, C-O-PO3 groups and C-PO3 groups. Those groups are suggested to act as a physical barrier against carbon/catalyst interfacial contact as well as to block the active carbon sites. The presence of bridge oxygen bonded to a carbon site and a P group appears to be a critical factor for maintaining the inhibition effect. Indeed, the loss of such oxygen or connecting bond seems to result in loss of inhibition. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Geoenvironm Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Wu, XX (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Carbon Mat & Technol Grp, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008,MS 6087, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wux@ornl.gov RI Radovic, Ljubisa/B-3306-2012 NR 40 TC 68 Z9 72 U1 3 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD JAN PY 2006 VL 44 IS 1 BP 141 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2005.06.038 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 987HJ UT WOS:000233508700017 ER PT S AU Lambin, P Triozon, F Meunier, V AF Lambin, P Triozon, F Meunier, V BE Popov, VN Lambin, P TI Electronic transport in nanotubes and through junctions of nanotubes SO CARBON NANOTUBES: FROM BASIC RESEARCH TO NANOTECHNOLOGY SE NATO Science Series II-Mathematics Physics and Chemistry LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the NATO Advanced-Study-Institute on Carbon Nanotubes - From Basic Research to Nanotechnology CY MAY 21-31, 2005 CL Sozopol, BULGARIA SP NATO Adv Study Inst DE electronic structure; density of states; conductivity; transport properties; intramolecular junctions ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; INTRAMOLECULAR JUNCTIONS; QUANTUM CONDUCTANCE; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; DEFECTS; HETEROJUNCTIONS; TUBULES; STATES AB This chapter briefly reviews the electronic properties of single-wall carbon nanotubes as described by the pi-electron tight-binding approximation. The Landauer formalism is introduced next and applied to the study of quantum transport in carbon nanotubes. The electronic properties and electric conductance of intramolecular nanotube junctions are also discussed. C1 Fac Univ Notre Dame Paix, Dept Phys, 61 Rue Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium. CEA, DRT LETI, DIHS, LMNO, F-38054 Grenoble, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Fac Univ Notre Dame Paix, Dept Phys, 61 Rue Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium. EM philippe.lambin@fundp.ac.be RI Meunier, Vincent/F-9391-2010 OI Meunier, Vincent/0000-0002-7013-179X FU IUAP project of the Belgian Science Policy Programming (Ph.L) [P5/01]; Division of Materials Science, U.S. Department of Energy with UT-Battelle [DEAC05-00OR22725]; LLC at Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX The authors acknowledge M. Buongiorno Nardelli, V.N. Popov, and S. Roche for fruitful discussions. This research is supported in part by the IUAP project P5/01 "Quantum size effects in nanostructured materials" of the Belgian Science Policy Programming (Ph.L) and in part by the Division of Materials Science, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DEAC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (VM). NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2609 BN 1-4020-4572-7 J9 NATO SCI SER II-MATH PY 2006 VL 222 BP 123 EP 142 PG 20 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BEF12 UT WOS:000237080700019 ER PT J AU Acharya, CK Lane, AM Krause, TR AF Acharya, CK Lane, AM Krause, TR TI Kinetic study of the steam reforming of isobutane using a Pt-CeO2-Gd2O3 Catalyst SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE steam reforming; isobutane; platinum/ceria-gadolinia; kinetics ID WATER-GAS SHIFT; RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; PEM FUEL-CELL; NICKEL-CATALYSTS; N-BUTANE; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; HYDROCARBON FUELS; METHANOL; CARBON; PD/CERIA AB Steam reforming of isobutane on a 0.5% Pt-Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 catalyst was carried out from 300 to 700 degrees C under integral conditions with a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 12,000 h(-1). The major products were H-2, CO2, CO and CH4. The other products produced were ethane, ethylene, propane and propylene with a total molar composition of less than 1.5%. A complete conversion of isobutane was achieved at 700 degrees C, Kinetic data was obtained by changing the partial pressure of the reactants and the temperature under differential conditions with a GHSV of 55,400 h(-1). This was done after observing stable isobutane steam reforming for 160 h and under conditions where the mass transfer limitations were insignificant. An empirical Langmuir-Hinshelwood type model that best fit the kinetic data available was developed. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Chem Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lane, AM (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Chem Engn, 870203, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM ALANE@coe.eng.ua.edu NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 106 IS 1-2 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1007/s10562-005-9188-1 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 998DL UT WOS:000234298700007 ER PT J AU Chianelli, RR Siadati, MH De la Rosa, MP Berhault, G Wilcoxon, JP Bearden, R Abrams, BL AF Chianelli, RR Siadati, MH De la Rosa, MP Berhault, G Wilcoxon, JP Bearden, R Abrams, BL TI Catalytic properties of single layers of transition metal sulfide catalytic materials SO CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Review DE SLTMS; catalytic processes; transition metal sulfides ID POORLY CRYSTALLINE MOS2; MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE; HYDROTREATING CATALYSTS; HYDRODESULFURIZATION CATALYSTS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; EDGE SURFACES; NANOCLUSTERS; HYDROGEN; PENTACHLOROPHENOL; SEMICONDUCTOR AB Single layer transition metal sulfides (SLTMS) such as MoS2, WS2, and ReS2, play an important role in catalytic processes such as the hydrofining of petroleum streams, and are involved in at least two of the slurry-catalyst hydroconversion processes that have been proposed for upgrading heavy petroleum feed and other sources of hydrocarbon fuels such as coal and shale oils. Additional promising catalytic applications of the SLTMS are on the horizon. The physical, chemical, and catalytic properties of these materials are reviewed in this report. Also discussed are areas for future research that promise to lead to advanced applications of the SLTMS. C1 Univ Texas, Mat Res & Technol Inst, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Inst Rech Catalyse, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. ExxonMobil Proc Res Labs, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Chianelli, RR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Mat Res & Technol Inst, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. EM chianell@utep.edu RI Abrams, Billie/C-1668-2012 NR 89 TC 135 Z9 139 U1 12 U2 142 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0161-4940 J9 CATAL REV JI Catal. Rev.-Sci. Eng. PD JAN-MAR PY 2006 VL 48 IS 1 BP 1 EP 41 DI 10.1080/01614940500439776 PG 41 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 051ZF UT WOS:000238199500001 ER PT S AU Shekhawat, D Berry, DA Gardner, TH Spivey, JJ AF Shekhawat, Dushyant Berry, David A. Gardner, Todd H. Spivey, James J. BE Spivey, JJ Dooley, KM TI Catalytic Reforming of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels for Fuel Cell Applications SO CATALYSIS, VOL 19 SE SPR-Catalysis LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POWERED VEHICLES APPLICATIONS; DENSE MEMBRANE REACTOR; ALUMINA-SUPPORTED NI; WATER-GAS SHIFT; OF-THE-ART; PARTIAL OXIDATION; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS C1 [Shekhawat, Dushyant; Berry, David A.; Gardner, Todd H.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Spivey, James J.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Shekhawat, D (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 248 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0140-0568 BN 978-1-84755-522-9 J9 SPR-CATAL PY 2006 VL 19 BP 184 EP 253 D2 10.1039/9781847555229 PG 70 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA BKV93 UT WOS:000269440800007 ER PT S AU Wu, Y Chen, N Rissler, M Jiang, Y Kaiser, D Alber, M AF Wu, Yilin Chen, Nan Rissler, Matthew Jiang, Yi Kaiser, Dale Alber, Mark BE Yacoubi, SE Chopard, B Bandini, S TI CA models of Myxobacteria swarming SO CELLULAR AUTOMATA, PROCEEDINGS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Cellular Automata for Research and Industry CY SEP 20-23, 2006 CL Perpignan, FRANCE SP Univ Perpignan, Math & Phys Syst DE probabilistic cellular automata; lattice and off-lattice models; bacteria swarming; slime guidance; pattern formation ID MYXOCOCCUS-XANTHUS; CELL-MOVEMENT AB We develop two models for Myxobacteria swarming, a modified Lattice Gas Cellular Automata (LGCA) model and an off-lattice CA model. In the LGCA model each cell is represented by one node for the center of mass and an extended rod-shaped cell profile. Cells check the surrounding area and choose in which direction to move based on the local interactions. Using this model, we obtained a density vs. expansion rate curve with the shape similar to the experimental curve for the wild type Myxobacteria. In the off-lattice model, each cell is represented by a string of nodes. Cells can bend and move freely in the two-dimensional space. We use a phenomenological algorithm to determine the moving direction of cells guided by slime trail; the model allows for cell bending and alignment during collisions. In the swarming simulations for A+S-Myxobacteria, we demonstrate the formation of peninsula structures, in agreement with experiments. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Math, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Ctr Study Biocomplex, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Biochem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Wu, Y (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Math, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM Yilin.Wu.34@nd.edu; NAN.Chen.93@nd.edu; Matthew.Rissler.4@nd.edu; jiang@lanl.gov; kaiser@pmgm2.stanford.edu; malber@nd.edu RI Wu, Yilin/D-3696-2011; Wu, Yilin/C-3526-2013; Chen, Nan/N-5676-2014 OI Chen, Nan/0000-0002-0781-9284 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-40929-7 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2006 VL 4173 BP 192 EP 203 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BFE62 UT WOS:000241484300022 ER PT J AU Naik, NN Jupe, AC Stock, SR Wilkinson, AP Lee, PL Kurtis, KE AF Naik, NN Jupe, AC Stock, SR Wilkinson, AP Lee, PL Kurtis, KE TI Sulfate attack monitored by microCT and EDXRD: Influence of cement type, water-to-cement ratio, and aggregate SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE concrete; diffraction; durability; gypsum; ettringite; expansion; tomography; X-ray ID RESISTING PORTLAND-CEMENT; CALCIUM ALUMINATE; CONCRETE; EXPANSION; SODIUM; PASTE AB X-ray microtomography (microCT) and spatially resolved energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) were used in combination to non-destructively monitor the physical and chemical manifestations of damage in Portland cement paste samples subjected to severe sodium sulfate attack. Additional measurements of expansion and compressive strength were made on complementary mortar and cement paste specimens. Specifically, the influences of cement type (ASTM Types I and V), water-to-cement ratio (0.485 and 0.435), and the presence of aggregate on the rate and forms of damage were examined. As expected, Type V cement samples exhibited less cracking and expansion than the Type I cement samples. EDXRD indicated an anticorrelation between ettringite and gypsum in the near-surface region for Type V samples, which may be associated with crack formation. An unanticipated result for Type I cement pastes was that cracking was apparent at earlier exposure times and progressed more rapidly for samples with w/c of 0.435, than for those with w/c of 0.485. Possible mechanisms for this behavior are proposed. The presence of aggregate particles resulted in a more rapid rate of cracking, as compared to the corresponding cement paste sample. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Northwestern Univ, Inst Bioengn & Nanosci Adv Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kurtis, KE (reprint author), 790 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM kkurtis@ce.gatech.edu RI Wilkinson, Angus/C-3408-2008; Chen, Wei/A-5694-2010; OI Wilkinson, Angus/0000-0003-2904-400X; Kurtis, Kimberly/0000-0002-1252-7323 NR 33 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD JAN PY 2006 VL 36 IS 1 BP 144 EP 159 DI 10.1016/j.cemconres.2005.06.004 PG 16 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 998RU UT WOS:000234337800015 ER EF