FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB 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L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Biasini, M Peruzzi, IM Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Tanaka, HA Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Layter, J Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Erwin, RJ Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Grenier, P Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Won, E Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote-Ahern, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Biasini, M Peruzzi, IM Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Tanaka, HA Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of the branching fraction for B-->(DK)-K-0*(-) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CP-VIOLATION; DECAYS; MODES; GAMMA AB We present a measurement of the branching fraction for the decay B--->(DK*-)-K-0 using a sample of approximately 86x10(6) B (B) over bar pairs collected by the BABAR detector from e(+)e(-) collisions near the Y(4S) resonance. The D-0 is detected through its decays to K(-)pi(+), K(-)pi(+)pi(0), and K(-)pi(+)pi(-)pi(+), and the K*- through its decay to K(S)(0)pi(-). We measure the branching fraction to be B(B--->(DK*-)-K-0)=[6.3+/-0.7(stat)+/-0.5(syst)]x10(-4). C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. 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RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 051101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.051101 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800001 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Shen, BC del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, 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Egede, U Eschrich, I Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Biasini, M Pioppi, M Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S 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Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Cavoto, G Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Tanaka, HA Varnes, EW Bellini, F Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Shen, BC del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Grenier, P Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Won, E Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Biasini, M Pioppi, M Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Milek, M Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote-Ahern, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Raven, G Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Cavoto, G Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Tanaka, HA Varnes, EW Bellini, F Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of sin 2 beta with hadronic and previously unused muonic J/psi decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB We report a measurement of the CP-violation parameter sin 2beta with B-0-->J/psiK(S)(0) decays in which the J/psi decays to hadrons or to muons that do not satisfy our standard identification criteria. With a sample of 88 million B (B) over bar events collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory at SLAC, we reconstruct 100+/-17 such events, with J/psi-->pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) being the most prevalent, and measure sin 2beta=1.56+/-0.42(stat)+/-0.21(syst). C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. 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Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; OI Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Mackay, Catherine/0000-0003-4252-6740; Raven, Gerhard/0000-0002-2897-5323 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 052001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.052001 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800005 ER PT J AU Awramik, M Czakon, M Freitas, A Weiglein, G AF Awramik, M Czakon, M Freitas, A Weiglein, G TI Precise prediction for the W-boson mass in the standard model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID VACUUM-POLARIZATION FUNCTIONS; RHO-PARAMETER; MUON LIFETIME; TOP-QUARK; ELECTROWEAK PARAMETERS; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; 2-LOOP CORRECTIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS; INTERDEPENDENCE; PHYSICS AB The presently most accurate prediction for the W-boson mass in the standard model is obtained by combining the complete two-loop result with the known higher-order QCD and electroweak corrections. The numerical impact of the different contributions is analyzed in detail. A simple parametrization of the full result is presented, which approximates the full result for M-W to better than 0.5 MeV for 10 GeVless than or equal toM(H)less than or equal to1 TeV if the other parameters are varied within their combined 2sigma region around their experimental central values. The different sources of remaining theoretical uncertainties are investigated. Their effect on the prediction of M-W is estimated to be about 4 MeV for M(H)less than or similar to300 GeV. C1 DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Univ Silesia, Inst Phys, Dept Field Theory & Particle Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Div Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Durham, Inst Particle Phys Phenomenol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM awramik@ifh.de; czakon@ifh.de; afreitas@fnal.gov; Georg.Weiglein@durham.ac.uk NR 52 TC 147 Z9 147 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 053006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.053006 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800015 ER PT J AU Bardeen, W Eichten, E Thacker, H AF Bardeen, W Eichten, E Thacker, H TI Chiral Lagrangian parameters for scalar and pseudoscalar mesons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATION-THEORY; LATTICE QCD; FERMIONS; MASS; QUARK AB The results of a high-statistics study of scalar and pseudoscalar meson propagators in quenched lattice QCD are presented. For two values of lattice spacing, beta=5.7 (aapproximate to.18 fm) and 5.9 (aapproximate to.12 fm), we probe the light quark mass region using clover improved Wilson fermions with the modified quenched approximation pole-shifting ansatz to treat the exceptional configuration problem. The quenched chiral loop parameters m(0) and alpha(Phi) are determined from a study of the pseudoscalar hairpin correlator. From a global fit to the meson correlators, estimates are obtained for the relevant chiral Lagrangian parameters, including the Leutwyler parameters L-5 and L-8. Using the parameters obtained from the singlet and nonsinglet pseudoscalar correlators, the quenched chiral loop (QCL) effect in the nonsinglet scalar meson correlator is studied. By removing this QCL effect from the lattice correlator, we obtain the mass and decay constant of the ground state scalar, isovector meson a(0). C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 054502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.054502 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800047 ER PT J AU Barnes, T Godfrey, S AF Barnes, T Godfrey, S TI Charmonium options for the X(3872) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID D-WAVE QUARKONIUM; ANTIQUARK BOUND-STATES; HADRONIC TRANSITIONS; HEAVY QUARKONIA; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; ANISOTROPIC LATTICES; STRONG DECAYS; QCD; ANNIHILATION; MESONS AB In this paper we consider all possible 1D and 2P c (c) over bar assignments for the recently discovered X(3872). Taking the experimental mass as input, we give numerical results for the E1 radiative widths as well as the three principal types of strong decays; open-charm, c (c) over bar annihilation and closed-charm hadronic transitions. We find that many assignments may be immediately eliminated due to the small observed total width. The remaining viable c (c) over bar assignments are 1 D-3(3), 1 D-3(2), 1 D-1(2), 2 P-3(1) and 2 P-1(1). A search for the mode J/psipi(0)pi(0) can establish the C parity of the X(3872), which will eliminate many of these possibilities. Radiative transitions can then be used to test the remaining assignments, as they populate characteristic final states. The 1 D-3(2) and 1 D-1(2) states are predicted to have large (ca. 50%) radiative branching fractions to chi(c1)gamma and h(c)gamma, respectively. We predict that the 1 D-3(3) will also be relatively narrow and will have a significant (ca. 10%) branching fraction to chi(c2)gamma, and should also be observable in B decay. Tests for non-c (c) over bar X(3872) assignments are also discussed. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa Carleton Inst Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. RP Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM tbarnes@utk.edu; godfrey@physics.carleton.ca NR 76 TC 167 Z9 167 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 054008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.054008 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800026 ER PT J AU Baur, U Plehn, T Rainwater, D AF Baur, U Plehn, T Rainwater, D TI Probing the Higgs self-coupling at hadron colliders using rare decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BOSON PAIR PRODUCTION; ROOT S=1.8 TEV; GLUON-FUSION; LINEAR COLLIDERS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; WEAK-INTERACTIONS; PHOTON COUPLINGS; GAMMA COUPLINGS; HIGH-ENERGIES; CERN LHC AB We investigate Higgs boson pair production at hadron colliders for Higgs boson masses m(H)less than or equal to140 GeV and the rare decay of one of the two Higgs bosons. While in the standard model the number of events is quite low at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), a first, albeit not very precise, measurement of the Higgs boson self-coupling is possible in the gg-->HH-->b (b) over bar gammagamma channel. A luminosity-upgraded LHC could improve this measurement considerably. A 200 TeV very large hadron collider could make a measurement of the Higgs self-coupling competitive with a next-generation linear collider. In the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) we find a significant region with observable Higgs boson pair production in the small tan beta regime, where resonant production of two light Higgs bosons might be the only hint at the LHC of a MSSM Higgs sector. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. CERN, Theory Grp, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. DESY Theorie, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. Fermilab Theory Grp, Batavia, IL USA. RP SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. EM baur@ubhex.physics.buffalo.edu; tilman.plehn@cern.ch; david.rainwater@desy.de NR 92 TC 146 Z9 146 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 053004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.053004 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800013 ER PT J AU Becher, T Hill, RJ Neubert, M AF Becher, T Hill, RJ Neubert, M TI Soft-collinear messengers: A new mode in soft-collinear effective theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QCD FACTORIZATION; ASYMPTOTIC-EXPANSION; DECAYS; OPERATORS AB It is argued that soft-collinear effective theory for processes involving both soft and collinear partons, such as exclusive B-meson decays, should include a new mode in addition to soft and collinear ones. These "soft-collinear messengers" can interact with both soft and collinear particles without taking them far off-shell. They thus can communicate between the soft and collinear sectors of the theory. The relevance of the new mode is demonstrated with an explicit example, and the formalism incorporating the corresponding quark and gluon fields into the effective Lagrangian is developed. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Cornell Univ, Inst High Energy Phenomenol, Newman Lab Elementary Particle Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Becher, T (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RI Hill, Richard/C-8820-2017 OI Hill, Richard/0000-0003-1982-589X NR 26 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 054017 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.054017 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800035 ER PT J AU Berger, EL Lee, J Tait, TMP AF Berger, EL Lee, J Tait, TMP TI Squark mixing in electron-positron reactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; LIGHTEST HIGGS-BOSON; BOTTOM-QUARK; SCALAR TOP; E(+)E(-) ANNIHILATION; PAIR PRODUCTION; CROSS-SECTION; MASS; SEARCH; MSSM AB We discuss the measurement of top-squark and bottom-squark mixing angles in high energy e(+)e(-) reactions at CERN LEP-II and the proposed linear collider. We focus on off-diagonal production of one lighter and one heavier squark. In the context of the light bottom squark scenario, we show that existing data from LEP-II should show definitive evidence for the heavier bottom squark provided that its mass m(b2)less than or equal to120 GeV. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Korea Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 136701, South Korea. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM berger@anl.gov; jungil@hep.anl.gov; tait@fnal.gov NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 055003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.055003 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800050 ER PT J AU Birkedal-Hansen, A Wacker, JG AF Birkedal-Hansen, A Wacker, JG TI Scalar dark matter from theory space SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CONSTRAINTS; COANNIHILATION; BREAKING; MASS AB The scalar dark matter candidate in a prototypical theory space little Higgs model is investigated. We review all details of the model pertinent to a relic density calculation. We perform a thermal relic density calculation including couplings to the gauge and Higgs sectors of the model. We find two regions of parameter space that Give acceptable dark matter abundances. The first region has a dark matter candidate with a mass O(100 GeV), the second region has a candidate with a mass greater than O(500 GeV). The dark matter candidate in either region is an admixture of an SU(2) triplet and an SU(2) singlet, thereby constituting a possible weakly interacting massive particle. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Harvard Univ, Jefferson Phys Lab, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 37 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 6 AR 065022 DI 10.1103/PhvsRevD.69.065022 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 818QF UT WOS:000221258900094 ER PT J AU Bodwin, GT Lee, J AF Bodwin, GT Lee, J TI Relativistic corrections to gluon fragmentation into spin-triplet S-wave quarkonium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ANTIQUARK BOUND-STATES; DECAY MATRIX-ELEMENTS; HEAVY QUARKONIUM; PSI POLARIZATION; LEADING ORDER; QCD; FACTORIZATION; ANNIHILATION; TEVATRON AB We use the NRQCD factorization formalism to calculate the relativistic corrections to the fragmentation function for a gluon fragmenting into a spin-triplet S-wave heavy quarkonium. We make use of the gauge-invariant formulation of the fragmentation function of Collins and Soper. The color-octet contribution receives a large, negative relativistic correction, while the color-singlet contribution receives a large, positive relativistic correction. The considerable decrease in the color-octet contribution requires a corresponding increase in the phenomenological value of the leading color-octet matrix element in order to maintain a fit to the Fermilab Tevatron data. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Korea Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 136701, South Korea. RP Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 48 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 054003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.054003 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800021 ER PT J AU Brodsky, SJ Carlson, CE Hiller, JR Hwang, DS AF Brodsky, SJ Carlson, CE Hiller, JR Hwang, DS TI Single-spin polarization effects and the determination of timelike proton form factors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LARGE-MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; SPECTRAL FUNCTIONS; QUARK-MODEL; NUCLEON; SCATTERING; QCD AB We show that measurements of the proton's polarization in e(+)e(-)-->p (p) over bar strongly discriminate between analytic forms of models which fit the proton form factors in the spacelike region. In particular, the single-spin asymmetry normal to the scattering plane measures the relative phase difference between the timelike G(E) and G(M) form factors. The expected proton polarization in the timelike region is large, of the order of several tens of percent. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Nucl & Particle Theory Grp, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. Sejong Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 143747, South Korea. RP Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM sjbth@slac.stanford.edu; carlson@physics.wm.edu; jhiller@d.umn.edu; dshwang@sejong.ac.kr NR 41 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 054022 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.054022 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800040 ER PT J AU Chamblin, A Cooper, F Nayak, GC AF Chamblin, A Cooper, F Nayak, GC TI Interaction of a TeV scale black hole with the quark-gluon plasma at CERN LHC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; LARGE EXTRA DIMENSIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; ENERGY; COLLIDERS; GRAVITY; PHENOMENOLOGY; EQUILIBRATION; MILLIMETER; HIERARCHY AB If the fundamental Planck scale is near 1 TeV, then parton collisions with a high enough center-of-mass energy should produce black holes. The production rate for such black holes has been extensively studied for the case of a proton-proton collision at roots = 14 TeV and for a lead-lead collision at roots 5.5 TeV at CERN LHC. As the parton energy density is much higher in lead-lead collisions than in pp collisions at LHC, one natural question is whether the produced black holes will be able to absorb the partons formed in the lead-lead collisions and eventually absorb the quark-gluon plasma formed at LHC. The accretion rate of the black hole is proportional to the energy density of the plasma and the evaporation rate is proportional to T4+d, where d is the number of extra dimensions, so it is easy to determine what energy density is necessary to stabilize the black hole. The question we address here is how to make a reasonable estimate of the energy density of the plasma in the expected out of equilibrium initial conditions at LHC. For this purpose we use a combination of PQCD and a reasonable ansatz for the single-particle distribution functions of partons. Using this approach, we find that the energy density of partons formed in lead-lead collisions at LHC is about 500 GeV/fm(3), leading to the rate of absorption for one of these black holes being much smaller than the rate of evaporation. More precisely. we show that for the black hole mass to increase via parton absorption the typical energy density of quarks and gluons should be of the order of 10(10) GeV/fm(3). We also find that the typical lifetime of the black hole formed at LHC is found to be a small fraction of a fm/c. C1 Univ London, Queen Mary, Dept Phys, London E1 4NS, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Univ London, Queen Mary, Dept Phys, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England. EM chamblin@lns.mit.edu; fcooper@nsf.gov; nykst@aol.com NR 76 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 6 AR 065010 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.065010 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 818QF UT WOS:000221258900082 ER PT J AU Csaki, C Grojean, C Murayama, H Pilo, L Terning, J AF Csaki, C Grojean, C Murayama, H Pilo, L Terning, J TI Gauge theories on an interval: Unitarity without a Higgs boson SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID YANG-MILLS THEORY; SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; EXTRA DIMENSIONS; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; GUT BREAKING; WEAK INTERACTIONS; WEINBERG ANGLE; STANDARD MODEL; HIGH-ENERGIES; ORBIFOLD AB We consider extra dimensional gauge theories on an interval. We first review the derivation of the consistent boundary conditions (BC's) from the action principle. These BC's include choices that give rise to the breaking of the gauge symmetries. The boundary conditions could be chosen to coincide with those commonly applied in orbifold theories, but there are many more possibilities. To investigate the nature of gauge symmetry breaking via BC's we calculate the elastic scattering amplitudes for longitudinal gauge bosons. We find that using a consistent set of BC's the terms in these amplitudes that explicitly grow with energy always cancel without having to introduce any additional scalar degree of freedom, but rather by the exchange of Kaluza-Klein (KK) gauge bosons. This suggests that perhaps the standard model Higgs boson could be completely eliminated in favor of some KK towers of gauge fields. We show that from the low-energy effective theory perspective this seems to be indeed possible. We display an extra dimensional toy model, where BC's introduce a symmetry breaking pattern and mass spectrum that resembles that in the standard model. C1 Cornell Univ, Newman Lab Elementary Particle Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Theor, DSM,SPhT, CNRS,SPM,URA 2306, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theory Div T8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Cornell Univ, Particle Theory Grp, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Csaki, C (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Newman Lab Elementary Particle Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM csaki@mail.lns.cornell.edu; grojean@spht.saclay.cea.fr; murayama@lbl.gov; pilo@spht.saclay.cea.fr; terning@lanl.gov RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011; Pilo, Luigi/G-6589-2012; OI Pilo, Luigi/0000-0003-3554-2427; Terning, John/0000-0003-1367-0575 NR 69 TC 355 Z9 355 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 055006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.055006 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800053 ER PT J AU Eiroa, EF Torres, DF AF Eiroa, EF Torres, DF TI Strong field limit analysis of gravitational retrolensing SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BLACK-HOLE; STAR AB We present a complete treatment in the strong field limit of gravitational retrolensing by a static spherically symmetric compact object having a photon sphere. The results are compared with those corresponding to ordinary lensing in similar strong field situations. As examples of the application of the formalism, a super-massive black hole at the Galactic center and a stellar mass black hole in the Galactic halo are studied as retrolenses, in both cases using Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrom geometries. C1 Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Eiroa, EF (reprint author), Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, CC 67,Suc 28, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM eiroa@iafe.uba.ar; dtorres@igpp.ucllnl.org RI Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016 OI Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065 NR 17 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 6 AR 063004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.063004 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 818QF UT WOS:000221258900006 ER PT J AU Jeschonnek, S Van Orden, JW AF Jeschonnek, S Van Orden, JW TI Modeling quark-hadron duality for relativistic, confined fermions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; BLOOM-GILMAN DUALITY; TIME-LIKE RESPONSE; LOCAL-DUALITY; RESONANCE PHYSICS; SUM-RULES; QCD; NUCLEON; MESONS; ELECTROPRODUCTION AB We discuss a model for the study of quark-hadron duality in inclusive electron scattering based on solving the Dirac equation numerically for a scalar confining linear potential and a vector color Coulomb potential. We qualitatively reproduce the features of quark-hadron duality for all potentials considered, and discuss the similarities and differences to previous models that simplified the situation by treating either the quarks or all particles as scalars. We discuss the scaling results for the plane-wave impulse approximation and final-state interactions, and the approach to scaling using the analog of the Callan-Gross relation for y scaling. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Lima, OH 45804 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Lima, OH 45804 USA. OI Jeschonnek, Sabine/0000-0002-8603-7589 NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 054006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.054006 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800024 ER PT J AU Kao, CW Drechsel, D Kamalov, S Vanderhaeghen, M AF Kao, CW Drechsel, D Kamalov, S Vanderhaeghen, M TI Higher moments of nucleon spin structure functions in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory and in a resonance model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; JAFFE SUM-RULE; PROTON; ELECTROPRODUCTION; Q(2)-DEPENDENCE; DEUTERON; NEUTRON; POLARIZABILITIES; APPROXIMATION; BJORKEN AB The third moment d(2) of the twist-3 part of the nucleon spin structure function g(2) is generalized to arbitrary momentum transfer Q(2) and is evaluated in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory up to order O(p(4)) and in a unitary isobar model (MAID). We show how to link d(2) as well as higher moments of the nucleon spin structure functions g(1) and g(2) to nucleon spin polarizabilities. We compare our results with the most recent experimental data, and find a good description of these available data within the unitary isobar model. We proceed to extract the twist-4 matrix element f(2) which appears in the 1/Q(2) suppressed term in the twist expansion of the spin structure function g(1) for the proton and neutron. C1 Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Kernphys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 50 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 056004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.056004 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800058 ER PT J AU Morrissey, DE Wagner, CEM AF Morrissey, DE Wagner, CEM TI Beautiful mirrors, unification of couplings, and collider phenomenology SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RENORMALIZATION-GROUP EQUATIONS; QUANTUM-FIELD THEORY; GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES; CP VIOLATION; STANDARD MODEL; PROTON-DECAY; QUARK; COLLISIONS; DIMENSION; PHYSICS AB The standard model provides an excellent description of the observables measured at high energy lepton and hadron colliders. However, measurements of the forward-backward asymmetry of the bottom quark at CERN LEP suggest that the effective coupling of the right-handed bottom quark to the neutral weak gauge boson is significantly different from the value predicted by the standard model. Such a large discrepancy may be the result of a mixing of the bottom quark with heavy mirror fermions with masses of the order of the weak scale. To be consistent with the precision electroweak data, the minimal extension of the standard model requires the presence of vector-like pairs of SU(2) doublet and singlet quarks. In this article, we show that such an extension of the standard model is consistent with the unification of gauge couplings and leads to a very rich phenomenology at the Fermilab Tevatron, the B factories and the CERN LHC. In particular, if the Higgs boson mass lies in the range 120 GeVless than or similar tom(h)less than or similar to180 GeV, we show that run II of the Tevatron collider with 4-8 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity will have the potential to discover the heavy quarks, while observing 3sigma evidence of the Higgs boson in most of the parameter space. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 93 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 5 AR 053001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.053001 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 810US UT WOS:000220729800010 ER PT J AU Son, DT Stephanov, MA AF Son, DT Stephanov, MA TI QCD and dimensional deconstruction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HIDDEN LOCAL SYMMETRY; LARGE-N LIMIT; VECTOR-MESONS; EXTRA DIMENSIONS; STABILIZATION; REALIZATION; SKYRMIONS; SOLITONS; A1 AB Motivated by phenomenological models of hidden local symmetries and the ideas of dimensional deconstruction and gauge/gravity duality, we consider the model of an "open moose." Such a model has a large number K of hidden gauge groups as well as a global chiral symmetry. In the continuum limit K-->infinity the model becomes a 4+1 dimensional theory of a gauge field propagating in a dilaton background and an external space-time metric with two boundaries. We show that the model reproduces several well known phenomenological and theoretical aspects of low-energy hadron dynamics, such as vector meson dominance. We derive the general formulas for the mass spectrum, the decay constants of the pion and vector mesons, and the couplings between mesons. We then consider two simple realizations, one with a flat metric and another with a "cosh" metric interpolating between two anti-de Sitter (AdS) boundaries. For the pion form factor, the single pole rho-meson dominance is exact in the latter case and approximate in the former case. We discover that an AdS/conformal field theory-like prescription emerges in the computation Of current-current correlators. We speculate on the role of the model in the theory dual to QCD. C1 Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 38 TC 191 Z9 191 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 6 AR 065020 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.69.065020 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 818QF UT WOS:000221258900092 ER PT J AU Chisolm, ED Wallace, DC AF Chisolm, ED Wallace, DC TI Theoretical estimates of the logarithmic phonon spectral moment for monatomic liquids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID GROUP-IV METALS; BCC PHASE; DISPERSION AB We calculate the logarithmic moment of the phonon frequency spectrum at a single density for 29 monatomic liquids using two methods, both suggested by Wallace's theory of liquid dynamics: The first method relies on liquid entropy data and the second on neutron scattering data in the crystal phase. This theory predicts that for a class of elements called "normal melters," including all 29 of these materials, the two estimates should closely match, and we find that they agree to within a few percent. We also perform the same calculations for four "anomalous melters," for which we expect the two estimates to differ markedly; we find that they disagree by factors almost up to 3. From our results we conclude that the liquid entropy estimates of the logarithmic moment, applicable both to normal and anomalous melters, are trustworthy to a few percent, which makes them reliable for use in estimates of various liquid transport coefficients. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 3 AR 031204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.031204 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 810UL UT WOS:000220729100021 ER PT J AU Gulbahce, N Gould, H Klein, W AF Gulbahce, N Gould, H Klein, W TI Zeros of the partition function and pseudospinodals in long-range Ising models SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID NUCLEATION; PHASE AB The relation between the zeros of the partition function and spinodal critical points in Ising models with long-range interactions is investigated. We find that the spinodal is associated with the zeros of the partition function in four-dimensional complex temperature/magnetic field space. The zeros approach the real temperature/magnetic field plane as the range of interaction increases. C1 Clark Univ, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Gulbahce, N (reprint author), Clark Univ, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 EI 1550-2376 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 3 AR 036119 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.036119 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 810UO UT WOS:000220729400030 PM 15089373 ER PT J AU Landry, JW Grest, GS AF Landry, JW Grest, GS TI Granular packings with moving side walls SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FLUCTUATIONS; SIMULATIONS; RELAXATION; DYNAMICS; SILOS AB The effects of movement of the side walls of a confined granular packing are studied by discrete element, molecular dynamics simulations. The dynamical evolution of the stress is studied as a function of wall movement both in the direction of gravity as well as opposite to it. For all wall velocities explored, the stress in the final state of the system after wall movement is fundamentally different from the original state obtained by pouring particles into the container and letting them settle under the influence of gravity. The original packing possesses a hydrostaticlike region at the top of the container which crosses over to a depth-independent stress. As the walls are moved in the direction opposite to gravity, the saturation stress first reaches a minimum value independent of the wall velocity, then increases to a steady-state value dependent on the wall velocity. After wall movement ceases and the packing reaches equilibrium, the stress profile fits the classic Janssen form for high wall velocities, while some deviations remain for low wall velocities. The wall movement greatly increases the number of particle-wall and particle-particle forces at the Coulomb criterion. Varying the wall velocity has only small effects on the particle structure of the final packing so long as the walls travel a similar distance. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Landry, JW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jwlandr@sandia.gov NR 21 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 3 AR 031303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.031303 PN 1 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 810UL UT WOS:000220729100026 PM 15089282 ER PT J AU Lebedev, VV Turitsyn, KS AF Lebedev, VV Turitsyn, KS TI Passive scalar evolution in peripheral regions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID POLYMER-SOLUTIONS; TURBULENCE; FLOW; STATISTICS; ADDITIVES; DYNAMICS; FLUID AB We consider the evolution of a passive scalar (concentration of pollutants or temperature) in a chaotic (turbulent) flow. A universal asymptotic behavior of the passive scalar decay (homogenization) related to peripheral regions (near walls) is established. The passive scalar moments and their pair correlation function in the peripheral region are analyzed. A special case investigated in our paper is the passive scalar decay along a pipe. C1 LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 119334, Russia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lebedev, VV (reprint author), LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Kosygina 2, Moscow 119334, Russia. RI Turitsyn, Konstantin/K-5978-2012 OI Turitsyn, Konstantin/0000-0002-7997-8962 NR 26 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 EI 1550-2376 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 3 AR 036301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.036301 PN 2 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 810UO UT WOS:000220729400059 PM 15089402 ER PT J AU Maniadis, P Thompson, RB Rasmussen, KO Lookman, T AF Maniadis, P Thompson, RB Rasmussen, KO Lookman, T TI Ordering mechanisms in triblock copolymers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BLOCK-COPOLYMER; ABC; MORPHOLOGIES; POLYMERIZATION; TERPOLYMER; TRANSITION; POLYMERS; DISORDER; MELTS AB The ordering mechanisms for an ABC triblock copolymer system are studied using self-consistent field theory. We find a two-phase mechanism, similar to what has been suggested experimentally (two-step mechanism). Analysis of free energy components shows that the two-phase process comes about through a competition between stretching energy and interfacial energy. The mechanism is found to be sufficiently robust so as to make it potentially useful for device applications. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Paris 06, LADIR, CNRS, UMR 7075, F-94320 Thiais, France. CEA Saclay, CNRS, Lab Leon Brillouin, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Maniadis, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Rasmussen, Kim/B-5464-2009; Maniadis, Panagiotis/A-7861-2012; Thompson, Russell/J-6326-2012 OI Rasmussen, Kim/0000-0002-4029-4723; Thompson, Russell/0000-0002-6571-558X NR 22 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 3 AR 031801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.031801 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 810UL UT WOS:000220729100057 PM 15089313 ER PT J AU Ritchie, B Bhatia, AK AF Ritchie, B Bhatia, AK TI Phase-amplitude solution of the Schrodinger equation with application to free-free absorption SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM HYDRODYNAMIC EQUATIONS; STOPPING POWER; COEFFICIENT; PLASMA; MOTION; ION AB The phase-amplitude method for solving the Schrodinger equation is implemented for free-free absorption in a hot, dense plasma. The method is benchmarked against two independent direct Schrodinger calculations. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astron & Solar Phys Lab, Solar Phys Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Ritchie, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 3 AR 035402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.035402 PN 2 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 810UO UT WOS:000220729400008 ER PT J AU Swift, DC Tierney, TE Kopp, RA Gammel, JT AF Swift, DC Tierney, TE Kopp, RA Gammel, JT TI Shock pressures induced in condensed matter by laser ablation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID EQUATION AB The Trident laser was used to induce shock waves in samples of solid elements, with atomic numbers ranging from Be to Au, using pulses of 527 nm light around 1 ns long with irradiances of the order of 0.1 to 10 PW/m(2). States induced by the resulting ablation process were investigated using laser Doppler velocimetry to measure the velocity history of the opposite surface. By varying the energy in the laser pulse, relations were inferred between the irradiance and the induced pressure. For samples in vacuo, an irradiance constant in time does not produce a constant pressure. Radiation hydrodynamics simulations were used to investigate the relationship between the precise pulse shape and the pressure history. In this regime of time and irradiance, it was possible to reproduce the experimental data to within their uncertainty by including conductivity-dependent deposition of laser energy, heat conduction, gray radiation diffusion, and three temperature hydrodynamics in the treatment of the plasma, with ionizations calculated using the Thomas-Fermi equation. States induced in the solid sample were fairly insensitive to the details of modeling in the plasma, so Hugoniot points may be estimated from experiments of this type given a reasonable model of the plasma. More useful applications include the generation of dynamic loading to investigate compressive strength and phase transitions, and for sample recovery. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Swift, DC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS E526, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dswift@lanl.gov NR 19 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 3 AR 036406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.036406 PN 2 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 810UO UT WOS:000220729400071 PM 15089414 ER PT J AU Taleyarkhan, RP Cho, JS West, CD Lahey, RT Nigmatulin, RI Block, RC AF Taleyarkhan, RP Cho, JS West, CD Lahey, RT Nigmatulin, RI Block, RC TI Additional evidence of nuclear emissions during acoustic cavitation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DETECTORS AB Time spectra of neutron and sonoluminescence emissions were measured in cavitation experiments with chilled deuterated acetone. Statistically significant neutron and gamma ray emissions were measured with a calibrated liquid-scintillation detector, and sonoluminescence emissions were measured with a photomultiplier tube. The neutron and sonoluminescence emissions were found to be time correlated over the time of significant bubble cluster dynamics. The neutron emission energy was less than 2.5 MeV and the neutron emission rate was up to similar to4x10(5) n/s. Measurements of tritium production were also performed and these data implied a neutron emission rate due to D-D fusion which agreed with what was measured. In contrast, control experiments using normal acetone did not result in statistically significant tritium activity, or neutron or gamma ray emissions. C1 Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Ufa 450000, Russia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM rusi@purdue.edu RI Nigmatulin, Robert/A-7415-2016 NR 12 TC 57 Z9 71 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 3 AR 036109 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.036109 PN 2 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 810UO UT WOS:000220729400020 PM 15089363 ER PT J AU Volfson, D Tsimring, LS Aranson, IS AF Volfson, D Tsimring, LS Aranson, IS TI Stick-slip dynamics of a granular layer under shear SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FRICTION; SIMULATIONS; FLOWS; MODEL AB Stick-slip regime of shear granular flows is studied theoretically and numerically. Numerical experiments are carried out for a thin Couette cell using soft-particle molecular dynamics code in two dimensions. We apply order parameter theory of partially fluidized granular flows and find a good agreement with simulations and experiments by Nasuno et al. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Nonlinear Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Volfson, D (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Nonlinear Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013; OI Volfson, Dmitri/0000-0002-5167-7834 NR 14 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2004 VL 69 IS 3 AR 031302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.031302 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 810UL UT WOS:000220729100025 PM 15089281 ER PT J AU Qiang, J AF Qiang, J TI Halo formation due to beam-beam interactions of beams optically mismatched at injection SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION AB In this paper, we report on the halo formation and emittance growth driven by a parametric resonance during beam-beam collisions with optically mismatched injection. In the regime of the weak-strong beam-beam interaction, if two beams have the same machine tunes, on-axis head-on collisions between a mismatched strong beam and a weak beam will not cause the formation of halo. However, if the two beams collide with an initial offset, the beam-beam force from the mismatched strong beam can cause halo formation and emittance growth in the weak beam. Meanwhile, if two beams have different machine tunes, for opposite charged colliding beams, when the machine tune of the weak beam is smaller than that of the strong beam, there is emittance growth in the weak beam. When the machine tune of the weak beam is larger than that of the strong beam, there is little emittance growth. In the regime of the strong-strong beam-beam interaction, halo is formed in both beams even when the two beams collide head-on on the axis with equal machine tunes. This puts a strong requirement for a good beam match during the injection to colliders in order to avoid emittance growth if there are no other mechanisms after the injection to decohere the mismatched envelope oscillation. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Qiang, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2004 VL 7 IS 3 AR 031001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.031001 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 815VO UT WOS:000221070000002 ER PT J AU Tantawi, SG AF Tantawi, SG TI Multimoded reflective delay lines and their application to resonant delay line rf pulse compression systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Pulse compression systems for future linear colliders, such as NLC and JLC, involve hundreds of kilometers of waveguide runs. These waveguides are highly overmoded to reduce the rf losses. In this paper we present a novel idea for utilizing these waveguides several times by using different modes. This idea is suitable for reflective delay lines. All the modes being used have low-loss characteristics. We describe mechanically simple mode transducers that switch the propagation mode from one configuration to another with no observable dispersion. We apply this technique to a resonant delay line pulse compression system. We also present experimental results that verify these theoretical developments. C1 SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Tantawi, SG (reprint author), SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2004 VL 7 IS 3 AR 032001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.032001 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 815VO UT WOS:000221070000003 ER PT J AU Wang, JM Wu, JH AF Wang, JM Wu, JH TI Cumulative beam breakup due to resistive-wall wake SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATORS AB The cumulative beam breakup problem excited by the resistive-wall wake is formulated. An approximate analytic method of finding the asymptotic behavior for the transverse bunch displacement is developed and solved. Comparison between the asymptotic analytical expression and the direct numerical solution is presented. Good agreement is found. The criterion of using the asymptotic analytical expression is discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Wang, JM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jmwang@bnl.gov; jhwu@SLAC.Stanford.EDU NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2004 VL 7 IS 3 AR 034402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.034402 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 815VO UT WOS:000221070000007 ER PT J AU Wang, LF Raparia, D Wei, J Zhang, SY AF Wang, LF Raparia, D Wei, J Zhang, SY TI Mechanism of electron cloud clearing in the accumulator ring of the Spallation Neutron Source SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID BEAM; INSTABILITY AB We describe a mechanism using clearing electrodes and solenoids to remove the electron cloud in the Spallation Neutron Source's accumulator ring. Simulation indicates that strong multipacting could happen at median clearing fields. A similar phenomenon was reported in an experimental study at Los Alamos Laboratory's Proton Storage Ring. A weak solenoid is proven to be a good remedy for suppressing multipacting by confining electrons near the chamber wall's surfaces. We investigated the clearing mechanism using both electrodes and solenoids. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wang, LF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2004 VL 7 IS 3 AR 034401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.034401 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 815VO UT WOS:000221070000006 ER PT J AU Cabot, WH Schilling, O Zhou, Y AF Cabot, WH Schilling, O Zhou, Y TI Influence of subgrid scales on resolvable turbulence and mixing in Rayleigh-Taylor flow SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATIONS; ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE; ENERGY-TRANSFER; INSTABILITY; VISCOSITY; BACKSCATTER; DYNAMICS; STRESSES; GROWTH; MODELS AB The energy transfer process and the interaction of different scales in a flow induced by the variable-density Rayleigh-Taylor instability in miscible fluids is investigated using a three-dimensional direct numerical simulation database with a spatial resolution of N(x)xN(y)xN(z)=512x512x2040. The method used to study the transfer of energy between the supergrid and subgrid scales in the homogeneous planes, determined by partitioning the modes into resolved and unresolved scales defined by a two-dimensional cutoff wave number k(c) in Fourier space, is applied to the kinetic energy evolution equation. The treatment of the flow inhomogeneity in the direction z parallel to the acceleration is analogous to that used in the analysis of incompressible wall-bounded flows, including channel flow and Rayleigh-Benard convection [J. A. Domaradzki , Phys. Fluids 6, 1583 (1994); J. A. Domaradzki and W. Liu, ibid. 7, 2025 (1995)]. Using a sharp Fourier cutoff filter, the kinetic energy transfer is decomposed into (1) the resolved part; (2) a part corresponding to the interaction between resolved and unresolved scales; and (3) a part corresponding to the interaction between unresolved scales. The sum of these last two contributions is the subgrid-scale kinetic energy transfer, which is studied in the present work. These z-dependent spectra are computed for three different cutoff wave numbers to investigate the dependence of the transfer process on the scales contributing to the subgrid interactions. The kinetic energy transfer is further decomposed into its positive and negative components corresponding to the forward and backward cascades of energy, respectively, that arise from the nonlinear modal interactions. The decomposition into resolved and unresolved scales is used to define an effective eddy viscosity and backscatter viscosity. The principal conclusions of the analysis are (1) the transfer spectra and eddy viscosities exhibit a strong dependence on the wave number cutoff; (2) the contributions from the interaction between resolved and unresolved scales dominate the contribution to the total subgrid eddy viscosities and are responsible for the cusp at large k/k(c); (3) the contributions from the interaction between unresolved scales dominate the contribution to the total subgrid eddy viscosities at small k/k(c) and are responsible for the small, negative contribution (associated with an inverse energy transfer), and (4) backscatter is strongest in the regions near the boundaries of the mixing layer. The physical implications of these results for subgrid-scale modeling in a large-eddy simulation of Rayleigh-Taylor instability-induced turbulence are discussed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Schilling, O (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM schilling1@llnl.gov OI Schilling, Oleg/0000-0002-0623-2940 NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD MAR PY 2004 VL 16 IS 3 BP 495 EP 508 DI 10.1063/1.1636477 PG 14 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 772WD UT WOS:000188864200001 ER PT J AU Barnes, DC AF Barnes, DC TI The bounce-kinetic model for driven nonlinear Langmuir waves SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED RAMAN; FREQUENCY-SHIFT; PLASMA-WAVES; BACKSCATTER AB The bounce-kinetic model is developed and applied to driven nonlinear Langmuir waves. The waves are described in terms of an eikonal with slow envelope variation. It is assumed that the bounce frequency of trapped electrons is large. A kinetic equation involving only slowly varying quantities is derived and it is shown that the characteristic equations form a Hamiltonian system. Conservation of particles, momentum, and energy are shown to depend on first-order corrections to this kinetic equation. The low order correction moments are derived exactly from these conservation laws, eliminating the need for a complicated boundary layer treatment of the separatrix. Previous results for nonlinear Langmuir waves are reproduced by a simplified version of this theory which neglects variations of the amplitude envelope and phase velocity. A particle-in-cell method is proposed for solution of the nonlinear kinetic problem. Extensions of this method required to correctly describe small amplitude waves are suggested. Such an extended model may be useful for the modeling of laser-plasma interaction in the trapping regime. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Barnes, DC (reprint author), Sumner Associates, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. EM dbarnes@lanl.gov NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2004 VL 11 IS 3 BP 903 EP 917 DI 10.1063/1.1641032 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 776VJ UT WOS:000189139800008 ER PT J AU Landsman, AS Cohen, SA Glasser, AH AF Landsman, AS Cohen, SA Glasser, AH TI Regular and stochastic orbits of ions in a highly prolate field-reversed configuration SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ROTATING MAGNETIC-FIELD; PARTICLE ORBITS; STABILITY AB Ion dynamics in a field-reversed configuration are explored for a highly elongated device, with emphasis placed on ions having positive canonical angular momentum. Due to angular invariance, the equations of motion are that of a two degree-of-freedom system with spatial variables rho and zeta. As a result of separation of time scales of motion caused by large elongation, there is a conserved adiabatic invariant, J(rho), which breaks down during the crossing of the phase-space separatrix. For integrable motion, which conserves J(rho), an approximate one-dimensional effective potential was obtained by averaging over the fast radial motion. This averaged potential has the shape of either a double or single symmetric well centered about zeta=0. The condition for the approach to the separatrix and therefore the breakdown of the adiabatic invariance of J(rho) is derived and studied under variation of J(rho) and conserved angular momentum, pi(phi). Since repeated violation of J(rho) results in chaotic motion, this condition can be used to predict whether an ion (or distribution of ions) with given initial conditions will undergo chaotic motion. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Landsman, AS (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM landsman@princeton.edu RI Landsman, Alexandra/I-6399-2013 OI Landsman, Alexandra/0000-0002-8194-8439 NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2004 VL 11 IS 3 BP 947 EP 957 DI 10.1063/1.1638751 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 776VJ UT WOS:000189139800013 ER PT J AU Jones, B Taylor, G Efthimion, PC Munsat, T AF Jones, B Taylor, G Efthimion, PC Munsat, T TI Measurement of the magnetic field in a spherical torus plasma via electron Bernstein wave emission harmonic overlap SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CYCLOTRON EMISSION; MODE CONVERSION; W7-AS STELLARATOR; TOKAMAKS; PROFILE AB Measurement of the magnetic field in a spherical torus by observation of harmonic overlap frequencies in the electron Bernstein wave (EBW) spectrum has been previously suggested [V. F. Shevchenko, Plasma Phys. Rep. 26, 1000 (2000)]. EBW mode conversion to X-mode radiation has been studied in the Current Drive Experiment-Upgrade spherical torus (T. Jones, Ph.D. thesis, Princeton University, 1995) with emission measured at blackbody levels [B. Jones , Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 165001 (2003)]. Sharp transitions in the thermally emitted EBW spectrum have been observed for the first two harmonic overlaps. These transition frequencies are determined by the magnetic field and electron density at the mode conversion layer in accordance with hot-plasma wave theory. Prospects of extending this measurement to higher harmonics, necessary in order to determine the magnetic field profile, and high-beta equilibria are discussed for this proposed magnetic field diagnostic. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Jones, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM bmjones@sandia.gov NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2004 VL 11 IS 3 BP 1028 EP 1032 DI 10.1063/1.1646393 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 776VJ UT WOS:000189139800022 ER PT J AU Qin, H Tang, WM AF Qin, H Tang, WM TI Pullback transformations in gyrokinetic theory SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD CONFIGURATIONS; GUIDING CENTER MOTION; GOLDBERGER-LOW THEORY; PARTICLE SIMULATION; HAMILTONIAN-FORMULATION; DRIFT INSTABILITIES; EQUATIONS; TOKAMAKS; PLASMAS; EQUILIBRIUM AB The pullback transformation of the distribution function is a key component of gyrokinetic theory. In this paper, a systematic treatment of this subject is presented, and results from applications of the uniform framework developed are reviewed. The focus is on providing a clear exposition of the basic formalism which arises from the existence of three distinct coordinate systems in gyrokinetic theory. The familiar gyrocenter coordinate system, where the gyromotion is decoupled from the rest of particle's dynamics, is noncanonical and nonfibered. For the phase space (cotangent bundle T*M) associated with a configuration space M, a nonfibered coordinate system (X, V) is a coordinate system where X is not necessarily the coordinates for the configuration space M, and V is not necessarily the coordinates for the cotangent fiber T-x*M at each x. On the other hand, Maxwell's equations, which are needed to complete a kinetic system, are initially only defined in the fibered laboratory phase space coordinate system. The pullback transformations provide a rigorous connection between the distribution functions in gyrocenter coordinates and Maxwell's equations in laboratory phase space coordinates. This involves the generalization of the usual moment integrals originally defined on the cotangent fiber of the phase space to the moment integrals on a general six-dimensional symplectic manifold. The resultant systematic treatment of the moment integrals enabled by the pullback transformation is shown to be an important step in the proper formulation of gyrokinetic theory. Without this vital element, a number of prominent physics features, such as the presence of the compressional Alfven wave and a proper description of the gyrokinetic equilibrium, cannot be readily recovered. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Qin, H (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 30 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2004 VL 11 IS 3 BP 1052 EP 1063 DI 10.1063/1.1640626 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 776VJ UT WOS:000189139800025 ER PT J AU Lin, Z Hahm, TS AF Lin, Z Hahm, TS TI Turbulence spreading and transport scaling in global gyrokinetic particle simulations SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID GRADIENT-DRIVEN TURBULENCE; ZONAL FLOW; TOKAMAK PLASMAS; DRIFT WAVES; DELTA-F; CONFINEMENT; EQUATIONS; GEOMETRY; ISOTOPE; MODELS AB An intriguing observation in magnetically confined plasma experiments and in global gyrokinetic particle simulations of toroidal ion temperature gradient turbulence is that the fluctuations are microscopic, while the resulting turbulent transport is not gyro-Bohm [Z. Lin , Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 195004 (2002)]. A possible resolution to this puzzle is identified as turbulence spreading from the linearly active (unstable) region to the linearly inactive (stable) region. Large scale gyrokinetic simulations found that transport driven by microscopic fluctuations is diffusive and local, whereas the fluctuation intensity is determined by nonlocal effects. Fluctuations are found to spread from the linearly active region to the linearly inactive region. This turbulence spreading reduces the fluctuation intensity in the unstable region, especially for a smaller device size, and thus introduces a nonlocal dependence in the fluctuation intensity. The device size dependence of the fluctuation intensity, in turn, is responsible for the observed gradual transition from Bohm to gyro-Bohm transport scaling. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lin, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. NR 47 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2004 VL 11 IS 3 BP 1099 EP 1108 DI 10.1063/1.1647136 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 776VJ UT WOS:000189139800029 ER PT J AU Chittenden, JP Lebedev, SV Oliver, BV Yu, EP Cuneo, ME AF Chittenden, JP Lebedev, SV Oliver, BV Yu, EP Cuneo, ME TI Equilibrium flow structures and scaling of implosion trajectories in wire array Z pinches SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENT PHASES; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; LINERS; CORES AB The hypothesis that wire array Z-pinch radiation sources can be represented as an ablating mass source embedded within a Lorentz force field is examined and the effects that this has upon the trajectory and spatial structure of the ensuing implosion are studied. Two-dimensional (2D) resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the ablating core regions and of the array cross-section indicate that the core ablation rate is determined by force balance at the ablation surface. This implies a weak dependence of the ablation velocity (the ratio of the magnitude of the Lorentz force to the mass ablation rate) on the array parameters (current, radius, mass, etc.). In the case of a constant ablation rate, the radial profiles in the flow region between the wires and the axis are found to converge to a set of time independent equilibria. These profiles represent a unique solution to the ideal MHD equations for super-Alfvenic flow in cylindrical geometry. Comparisons of simulated implosion trajectories with experimental optical streak photography data are used as a code validation exercise and show important deviations from the scenario of invariant ablation velocity. The importance of the number of wires in the array in determining the ablation rate and thus the trajectory and structure of the implosion is highlighted. The effects upon the inferred implosion symmetry and the x-ray pulse shape and peak power are discussed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Chittenden, JP (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. NR 24 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2004 VL 11 IS 3 BP 1118 EP 1127 DI 10.1063/1.1643756 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 776VJ UT WOS:000189139800031 ER PT J AU Hinkel, DE Haan, SW Langdon, AB Dittrich, TR Still, CH Marinak, MM AF Hinkel, DE Haan, SW Langdon, AB Dittrich, TR Still, CH Marinak, MM TI National Ignition Facility targets driven at high radiation temperature: Ignition, hydrodynamic stability, and laser-plasma interactions SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PARAMETRIC EXCITATION; ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVES; HYDRA SIMULATIONS; CAPSULE DESIGNS; BEAM DEFLECTION; COUPLED WAVES; INSTABILITY; BACKSCATTER; SCATTERING; REDUCTION AB A target design driven indirectly to ignition at a radiation temperature of 350 eV for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is reported in integrated radiation-hydrodynamic simulations which detail the necessary specifications to achieve ignition and burn. The target is further analyzed to determine its hydrodynamic stability as well as its vulnerability to laser-plasma interactions. This target shows enhanced hydrodynamic stability over targets previously designed at lower radiation temperatures [S. W. Haan, S. M. Pollaine, J. D. Lindl , Phys. Plasmas 2, 2480 (1995); W. J. Krauser, N. M. Hoffman, D. C. Wilson , ibid.3, 2084 (1996); D. C. Wilson, P. A. Bradley, N. M. Hoffman , ibid.5, 1953 (1998); P. A. Bradley and D. C. Wilson, ibid.6, 4293 (1999)]. To control laser-plasma instabilities, both polarization and temporal smoothing of the spatially smoothed NIF laser beams is necessary. Analyses of laser scatter in target blow-off at peak power demonstrate saturation in both the 300 and 350 eV designs by nonlinear processes such as rescatter of the scattered laser light and the Langmuir decay instability. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hinkel, DE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 51 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2004 VL 11 IS 3 BP 1128 EP 1144 DI 10.1063/1.1640625 PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 776VJ UT WOS:000189139800032 ER PT J AU Kaganovich, ID Startsev, EA Davidson, RC AF Kaganovich, ID Startsev, EA Davidson, RC TI Scaling cross sections for ion-atom impact ionization SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY STRIPPED IONS; ELECTRON-LOSS; COLLISIONS; DEPENDENCE; HYDROGEN; HELIUM; HEAVY AB Knowledge of ion-atom ionization cross sections is of great importance for many applications. When experimental data and theoretical calculations are not available, approximate formulas are frequently used. Based on experimental data and theoretical predictions, a new fit for ionization cross sections by fully stripped ions is proposed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kaganovich, ID (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2004 VL 11 IS 3 BP 1229 EP 1232 DI 10.1063/1.1641785 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 776VJ UT WOS:000189139800044 ER PT J AU Ryutov, DD AF Ryutov, DD TI Simple theory of the line emission profile for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy method (vol 7, pg 1315, 2000) SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Correction C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Ryutov, DD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2004 VL 11 IS 3 BP 1244 EP 1244 DI 10.1063/1.1645792 PG 1 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 776VJ UT WOS:000189139800048 ER PT J AU Meszaros, P Clark, REH Zhang, HL Fontes, CJ AF Meszaros, P Clark, REH Zhang, HL Fontes, CJ TI Douglas Howard Sampson - Obituary SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. IAEA, Vienna, Austria. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Meszaros, P (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 2004 VL 57 IS 3 BP 99 EP 101 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 777MV UT WOS:000189182900031 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, RP TI The paradox of trust in science SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM rcrease@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD MAR PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 812ZK UT WOS:000220877200016 ER PT J AU Gilmour, SJ Fowler, SG Thomashow, MF AF Gilmour, SJ Fowler, SG Thomashow, MF TI Arabidopsis transcriptional activators CBF1, CBF2, and CBF3 have matching functional activities SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; CBF/DREB1 transcription factors; cold acclimation; freezing tolerance; transcript profiling ID RESPONSIVE GENE-EXPRESSION; FREEZING TOLERANCE; LOW-TEMPERATURE; COLD-ACCLIMATION; STRESS TOLERANCE; THALIANA COR15A; DROUGHT; PROTEINS; FAMILY; DNA AB When Arabidopsis is exposed to low temperature a small gene family encoding transcription factors known as CBF1, CBF2, and CBF3 (also referred to as DREB1b, DREB1c, and DREB1a, respectively) is rapidly induced followed by expression of CBF-targeted genes, the CBF regulon, which act to bring about an increase in freezing tolerance. The CBF1, 2 and 3 proteins, though highly similar in amino acid sequence, are not identical, raising the question of whether the proteins have the same functions. Here we explored this issue by comparing the effects that overexpression of each CBF gene had on Arabidopsis growth and development, proline and sugar composition, freezing tolerance and gene expression. Taken together, the results support the conclusion that the CBF1, 2 and 3 transcriptional activators have redundant functional activities. C1 Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Thomashow, MF (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM thomash6@msu.edu NR 39 TC 255 Z9 296 U1 3 U2 37 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 54 IS 5 BP 767 EP 781 DI 10.1023/B:PLAN.0000040902.06881.d4 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 866WP UT WOS:000224804400011 PM 15356394 ER PT J AU Watson, GW Heidbrink, WW Burrell, KH Kramer, GJ AF Watson, GW Heidbrink, WW Burrell, KH Kramer, GJ TI Plasma species mix diagnostic using ion-ion hybrid layer reflectometry SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID FAST ALFVEN-WAVE; DIII-D; CYCLOTRON RANGE; DENSITY; FREQUENCIES; PARAMETERS; OPERATION; TOKAMAK; DESIGN; TFTR AB A superheterodyne reflectometer could provide a direct and inexpensive measurement of ion species mixes with different charge-to-mass ratios. Using the cold plasma dispersion relation, the ion-ion hybrid cutoff frequency is uniquely determined by the density ratio and cyclotron frequencies of the two different species. The phase of a 20 MHz wave that travels from the launching point to the cutoff layer to the receiving antenna provides a direct measure of the hydrogen: deuterium species mix. In the first experiment, a fast Alfven wave is launched perpendicular to a hydrogen-deuterium plasma from the low field side of the DIII-D tokamak. Quantitative measurements observe a hydrogen concentration range of 3-67% and a maximum penetration depth of 0.60m. Corroborative values are obtained from two independent diagnostics. In the second experiment, the fast Alfven wave is launched from the high field side (HFS) during a hydrogen puffing experiment. The results suggest that a wave launched from the HFS is able to tunnel through the resonance layer and reflect back to the receiving antenna. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Watson, GW (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 2004 VL 46 IS 3 BP 471 EP 487 AR PII S0741-3335(04)69034-8 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/46/3/004 PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 807WK UT WOS:000220531400007 ER PT J AU McDonald, C Cordey, JG Righi, E Ryter, F Saibene, G Sartori, R Alper, B Becoulet, M Brzozowski, J Coffey, I de Baar, M de Vries, P Erents, K Fundamenski, W Giroud, C Jenkins, I Loarte, A Lomas, PJ Maddison, GP Mailloux, J Murari, A Ongena, J Rapp, J Pitts, RA Stamp, M Strachan, J Suttrop, W AF McDonald, C Cordey, JG Righi, E Ryter, F Saibene, G Sartori, R Alper, B Becoulet, M Brzozowski, J Coffey, I de Baar, M de Vries, P Erents, K Fundamenski, W Giroud, C Jenkins, I Loarte, A Lomas, PJ Maddison, GP Mailloux, J Murari, A Ongena, J Rapp, J Pitts, RA Stamp, M Strachan, J Suttrop, W CA JET EFDA Contributers TI ELMy H-modes in JET helium-4 plasmas SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID POWER THRESHOLD DATABASE; DENSITY LIMITS; DIII-D; HELIUM; CONFINEMENT; TRANSITION; TRANSPORT; DEUTERIUM; DIVERTOR; TOKAMAK AB ELMy H-modes in helium-4 plasmas provide valuable information on ELMy H-mode physics as well as a possible early low activation operational phase for next-step tokamaks, such as ITER. With this in mind, a series of helium-4 H-mode experiments were performed on JET with pure helium-4 NBI auxiliary heating (up to 12 MW). A set of ELMy H-mode plasmas were produced, in both the Type I ELM regime and a second regime, which showed characteristics similar to the deuterium Type III regime, but with a reverse ELM frequency dependence on power. Sawteeth were also observed, and had similar behaviour to those seen in deuterium. Compared with deuterium plasmas, Type I ELMy H-mode confinement is seen to be 28 +/- 6% poorer in helium-4 plasmas and the L-H power threshold 42 +/- 10% larger. This is the opposite of the behaviour predicted by experimental isotope mass scalings from hydrogenic plasmas.Comparison with a wider hydrogenic database, enables the effects of isotopic charge and mass to be studied independently. C1 UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. EFDA Close Support Unit, D-85740 Garching, Germany. Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, EURATOM Assoc, D-85740 Garching, Germany. CEA Cadarache, EURATOM Assoc, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. Royal Inst Technol, KTH, EURATOM Assoc, VR, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. EURATOM, FOM, Inst Plasmafys Rijnhuizen, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. CSU, JET, EFDA, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3EA, Oxon, England. Assoc Euratom Belgian State, KMS, ERM, LPP, Brussels, Belgium. Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, EURATOM Assoc, CRPP Confederat Suisse, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP McDonald, C (reprint author), UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. EM dmcd@jet.uk OI Rapp, Juergen/0000-0003-2785-9280 NR 41 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 2004 VL 46 IS 3 BP 519 EP 534 AR PII S0741-3335(04)70575-8 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/46/3/007 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 807WK UT WOS:000220531400010 ER PT J AU Newbury, B Stephenson, B Almer, J Notis, M Cargill, GS Stephenson, GB Haeffner, D AF Newbury, B Stephenson, B Almer, J Notis, M Cargill, GS Stephenson, GB Haeffner, D TI Synchrotron applications in archaeometallurgy: Analysis of high zinc brass astrolabes SO POWDER DIFFRACTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Denver X-Ray Conference CY 2003 CL Denver, CO AB Synchrotron X rays were used to perform nondestructive transmission diffraction and fluorescence experiments on a group of 24 European and Islamic astrolabes dated between 1350-1720 A.D. in order to determine their compositions. A group of six astrolabes produced in Lahore between 1601-1662 A.D. were found to contain a mixed alpha+beta brass microstructure, proving that the brass was produced by a comelting technique rather than the traditional cementation process. The results also show evidence of dezincification, attributed to heavy annealing of the brass during astrolabe manufacture. This effect was so severe that an accurate analysis of the bulk Zn composition could not be determined from the fluorescence results alone; transmission X-ray diffraction gives a more accurate measurement of the bulk Zn composition. (C) 2004 International Centre for Diffraction. C1 Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Newbury, B (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM bdn2@lehigh.edu NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA PI NEWTOWN SQ PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA SN 0885-7156 J9 POWDER DIFFR JI Powder Diffr. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 19 IS 1 BP 12 EP 15 DI 10.1154/1.1649316 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 802LC UT WOS:000220164000003 ER PT J AU Murray, CE Noyan, IC Lai, B Cai, Z AF Murray, CE Noyan, IC Lai, B Cai, Z TI Strain effects in thin film/Si substrates revealed by X-ray microdiffraction SO POWDER DIFFRACTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Denver X-Ray Conference CY 2003 CL Denver, CO AB The local variation in strain and rotation of the Si substrate due to overlying Ni thin film features has been observed using X-ray microdiffraction. Residual tensile stress in 1 mum thick, 190 mum diameter Ni dots of 990 MPa imparted an average compressive stress in the underlying Si substrate. Ni Kalpha fluorescence scans, acquired simultaneously with Si (333) diffraction data, allow for a precise determination of the Ni feature edge location relative to the observed shift in Si (333) peak position. Rocking curve mesh scans, in which the sample was translated perpendicular and parallel to the diffraction plane, were used to deconvolute the effects of substrate strain due to d-spacing shifts and rotation of the local Si surface. In addition, shear strains at the dot edge imparted a significant shift in the Si (333) diffraction peak, producing a secondary diffraction peak in modified reciprocal space scans. (C) 2004 International Centre for Diffraction Data. C1 IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Murray, CE (reprint author), IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. EM conal@us.ibm.com NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA PI NEWTOWN SQ PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA SN 0885-7156 J9 POWDER DIFFR JI Powder Diffr. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 19 IS 1 BP 56 EP 59 DI 10.1154/1.1649323 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 802LC UT WOS:000220164000013 ER PT J AU Vogel, SC Hartig, C Lutterotti, L Von Dreele, RB Wenk, HR Williams, DJ AF Vogel, SC Hartig, C Lutterotti, L Von Dreele, RB Wenk, HR Williams, DJ TI Texture measurements using the new neutron diffractometer HIPPO and their analysis using the Rietveld method SO POWDER DIFFRACTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Denver X-Ray Conference CY 2003 CL Denver, CO ID DIFFRACTION; REFINEMENT AB In this paper we describe the capabilities for texture measurements of the new neutron time-of-flight diffractometer HIPPO at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. The orientation distribution function (ODF) is extracted from multiple neutron time-of-flight histograms using the full-pattern analysis first described by Rietveld. Both, the well-established description of the ODF using spherical harmonics functions and the WIMV method, more recently introduced for the analysis of time-of-flight data, are available to routinely derive the ODF from HIPPO data. At ambient conditions, total count time of less than one hour is ample to collect sufficient data for texture analysis in most cases. The large sample throughput for texture measurements at ambient conditions possible with HIPPO requires a robust and reliable, semi-automated data analysis. HIPPO's unique capabilities to measure large quantities of ambient condition samples and to measure texture at temperature and uni-axial stress are described. Examples for all types of texture measurements are given. (C) 2004 International Centre for Diffraction Data. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Tech Univ Hamburg, D-21071 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Trent, I-38100 Trent, Italy. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Vogel, SC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sven@lanl.gov RI Hartig, Christian/F-4673-2010; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Lutterotti, Luca/E-2426-2014; OI Lutterotti, Luca/0000-0002-0949-8322; Vogel, Sven C./0000-0003-2049-0361 NR 9 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 2 U2 13 PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA PI NEWTOWN SQ PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA SN 0885-7156 J9 POWDER DIFFR JI Powder Diffr. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 19 IS 1 BP 65 EP 68 DI 10.1154/1.1649961 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 802LC UT WOS:000220164000015 ER PT J AU Specht, ED Tortorelli, PF Zschack, P AF Specht, ED Tortorelli, PF Zschack, P TI In situ measurement of growth stress in alumina scale SO POWDER DIFFRACTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Denver X-Ray Conference CY 2003 CL Denver, CO ID THIN-FILMS; X-RAY; OXIDATION; COALESCENCE AB Stress in the early stages of growth has been measured in alpha-Al2O3 (alumina) scales formed on FeCrAl- and NiAl-based alloys during heating in air at 1000 degreesC to 1200 degreesC. Scale thickness ranges from 0.5 to 5 mum, times from 5 to 720 min. Stress was measured using the multiple-tilt method. In order to measure the thinnest scales at the earliest times, focused, monochromatic synchrotron radiation was used for high intensity, and a fixed, small angle of incidence was used along with an appropriate wavelength to maximize scattering from the film relative to the background from the substrate. Depending on the composition, transient tensile stresses of up to 1.2 GPa were observed, with maximum stress at times ranging from >10 h at 1000 degreesC to <10 min at 1200 degreesC. Thermal stresses induced by an abrupt temperature change were found to relax much more quickly, suggesting that the kinetics observed during isothermal growth reflect a dynamic competition between stress generation and stress relaxation. These results challenge commonly accepted models of growth stress in scales that predict that a compressive stress will be generated as the metal converts to a larger-volume oxide in a constrained location such as an interface. The observed tensile stress may be due to another mechanism altogether (e.g., grain coalescence), or to the conversion of a transitional Al2O3 to the equilibrium alpha-Al2O3 phase. For one composition, transitional Al2O3 is observed during the period of tensile stress. (C) 2004 International Centre for Diffraction Data. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Illinois, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Specht, ED (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM spechted@ornl.gov RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA PI NEWTOWN SQ PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA SN 0885-7156 J9 POWDER DIFFR JI Powder Diffr. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 19 IS 1 BP 69 EP 73 DI 10.1154/1.1649318 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 802LC UT WOS:000220164000016 ER PT J AU Worley, CG Colletti, LP AF Worley, CG Colletti, LP TI Improvements in XRF specimen preparation using the dried residue method: Gallium in plutonium metal SO POWDER DIFFRACTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Denver X-Ray Conference CY 2003 CL Denver, CO AB Preparing dry specimens from liquid samples for XRF analysis avoids introducing caustic or hazardous liquids into the instrument. Several modifications were made to a dried residue specimen preparation method for quantifying gallium in plutonium metal in order to improve the method accuracy and precision. Ion exchange chromatography was utilized to remove the plutonium prior to casting the dried residue specimens. This, coupled with several other changes, improved the method relative error from similar to5% to less than 1%. These results are sufficient for routine sample analysis and are almost comparable to results from the established process using liquid specimens. However, the analysis of radioactive liquid specimens is unnecessary for quantifying the plutonium gallium content using this dried residue approach. (C) 2004 International Centre for Diffraction Data. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Worley, CG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS G740, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cworley@lanl.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA PI NEWTOWN SQ PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA SN 0885-7156 J9 POWDER DIFFR JI Powder Diffr. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 19 IS 1 BP 87 EP 89 DI 10.1154/1.1649325 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 802LC UT WOS:000220164000020 ER PT J AU Snyder, SS AF Snyder, SS CA DO Collaboration TI Prospects for higgs search at DO SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS 2003) CY JAN 03-08, 2003 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA SP Harish Chandra Res Inst, Inst Math Sci, Inst Phys, Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Indian Inst Astrophys, Inter Univ Ctr Astron & Astrphys, Jawaharlal Nehru Ctr Adv Sci Res, Board Res Nucl Studies, Dept Sci & Technol, Int Ctr Theoret Phys HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res AB The status of the Higgs search at the upgraded DO detector is discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Snyder, SS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN ACADEMY SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 62 IS 3 BP 565 EP 568 DI 10.1007/BF02705319 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 808TK UT WOS:000220591200008 ER PT J AU Bailey, S AF Bailey, S CA BABAR Collaboration TI Progress toward measuring the unitarity angle gamma SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS 2003) CY JAN 03-08, 2003 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA SP Harish Chandra Res Inst, Inst Math Sci, Inst Phys, Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Indian Inst Astrophys, Inter Univ Ctr Astron & Astrphys, Jawaharlal Nehru Ctr Adv Sci Res, Board Res Nucl Studies, Dept Sci & Technol, Int Ctr Theoret Phys HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE gamma; CP violation; BABAR AB Measuring the angle gamma of the unitarity triangle is an important part of overconstraining the standard model.'s explanation of CP violation and testing for new physics contributions to CP violation. Although there are many ways to measure gamma, all of them have significant experimental or theoretical challenges. This talk presents progress at the BABAR experiment toward measuring gamma using B meson decays. C1 Harvard Grp SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Bailey, S (reprint author), Harvard Grp SLAC, MS 41,2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN ACADEMY SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 62 IS 3 BP 569 EP 572 DI 10.1007/BF02705320 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 808TK UT WOS:000220591200009 ER PT J AU Bhuyan, B AF Bhuyan, B TI Rare kaon decays: K+->pi(+)nu(nu)over-bar and future SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS 2003) CY JAN 03-08, 2003 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA SP Harish Chandra Res Inst, Inst Math Sci, Inst Phys, Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Indian Inst Astrophys, Inter Univ Ctr Astron & Astrphys, Jawaharlal Nehru Ctr Adv Sci Res, Board Res Nucl Studies, Dept Sci & Technol, Int Ctr Theoret Phys HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa; CP violation ID SEARCH AB The experimental progress in the search for K+ --> pi(+)nu(ν) over bar will be presented in this paper. Also the physics potential of the proposed BNL experiment to search for K-L(0) --> pi0nu(ν) over bar (KOPIO) will be discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Delhi, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Delhi 110007, India. RP Bhuyan, B (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN ACADEMY SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 62 IS 3 BP 573 EP 578 DI 10.1007/BF02705321 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 808TK UT WOS:000220591200010 ER PT J AU Kasper, P AF Kasper, P CA BooNE Collaboration TI MiniBooNE overview and status SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS 2003) CY JAN 03-08, 2003 CL Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, INDIA SP Harish Chandra Res Inst, Inst Math Sci, Inst Phys, Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Indian Inst Astrophys, Inter Univ Ctr Astron & Astrphys, Jawaharlal Nehru Ctr Adv Sci Res, Board Res Nucl Studies, Dept Sci & Technol, Int Ctr Theoret Phys HO Tata Inst Fundamental Res DE MiniBooNE; LSND; neutrino; oscillations ID NEUTRINOS AB Recent discoveries in the neutrino sector have opened a new frontier in high-energy physics and cosmology. Evidence from neutrino oscillation experiments from around the world indicate that neutrinos oscillate between their different flavours and therefore may have mass. In addition, results from solar and atmospheric neutrino experiments as well as the accelerator neutrino experiment, LSND, cannot all be explained with the three standard model neutrinos. Is this new physics or is there some other explanation? The MiniBooNE experiment presently taking data at Fermilab is designed to address the LSND signal and answer this question. Progress on the MiniBooNE experiment will be presented and prospects for the future will be discussed. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kasper, P (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN ACADEMY SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 62 IS 3 BP 611 EP 614 DI 10.1007/BF02705329 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 808TK UT WOS:000220591200018 ER PT J AU Sui, HX Ren, G AF Sui, HX Ren, G TI Structure and mechanism of water channels SO PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY LA Chinese DT Article DE aquaporin; water transport; structure and function; membrane channel ID INTEGRAL MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; CELL CHIP28 PROTEIN; HUMAN RED CELLS; ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; HUMAN-ERYTHROCYTES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MIP FAMILY; TRANSPORT; AQUAPORIN-1 AB The mechanism of water transport across biological membranes has been a longstanding problem in physiology and cell biology. The discovery and characterization of the AQPI water channel protein leads to the identification of the aquaporin family of water channels which is responsible for the water permeability of biological membranes. The atomic structure of mammalian AQPI reveals how this family of proteins transports water molecules, but not other small molecules and ions (including protons) I rapidly across cell membranes. This review summarizes the discovery of water channel proteins and their mechanism of water-specific transport. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Sui, HX (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CHINESE ACAD SCIENCES PI BEIJING PA NO. 8 KEXUEYUANNANLU, ZHONGGUANCUN, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1005-281X J9 PROG CHEM JI Prog. Chem. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 16 IS 2 BP 146 EP 152 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 809ZQ UT WOS:000220675000001 ER PT J AU Durose, K Asher, SE Jaegermann, W Levi, D McCandless, BE Metzger, W Moutinho, H Paulson, PD Perkins, CL Sites, JR Teeter, G Terheggen, M AF Durose, K Asher, SE Jaegermann, W Levi, D McCandless, BE Metzger, W Moutinho, H Paulson, PD Perkins, CL Sites, JR Teeter, G Terheggen, M TI Physical characterization of thin-film solar cells SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Review DE thin-film solar cell; characterization; chemical analysis; microstructure; optical properties; spatially resolved functionality ID BEAM-INDUCED CURRENT; SCANNING CAPACITANCE MICROSCOPY; DEPENDENT DEFECT FORMATION; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SURFACE OXIDATION AB The principal techniques used in the physical characterization of thin-film solar cells and materials are reviewed, these being scanning probe microscopy (SPM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopic ellipsometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL), electron-beam-induced current (EBIC) and light-beam-induced current (LBIC). For each method the particular applicability to thin-film solar cells is highlighted. Examples of the use of each are given, these being drawn from the chalcopyrite, CdTe, Si and III-V materials, systems. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. ETH, Inst Angew Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Delaware, Inst Energy Convers, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Mat Sci, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Durose, K (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Phys, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM ken.durose@durham.ac.uk RI Durose, Ken/E-2617-2013 NR 187 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 15 U2 115 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD MAR-MAY PY 2004 VL 12 IS 2-3 BP 177 EP 217 DI 10.1002/pip.542 PG 41 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 810VG UT WOS:000220731200007 ER PT J AU McMahon, TJ AF McMahon, TJ TI Accelerated testing and failure of thin-film PV modules SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE photovoltaics; PV modules; reliability; stress; testing ID SI SOLAR-CELLS; PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES; CORROSION; MECHANISMS; DIFFUSION; ALUMINUM; INGRESS AB Packaging-related PV module failure is distinguished from cell failure, and those failures specific to thin-film modules are reviewed. These are categorized according to the type of stress that produced them, e.g., temperature, voltage, moisture, current, and thermal cycling. An example is given that shows how to relate time under accelerated stress to time in use. Diagnostic tools for locating the affected area within a large-area module are pointed out along with the importance of interpretation of the visual appearance of the different damage mechanisms. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP McMahon, TJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM tom_mcmahon@nrel.gov NR 60 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 25 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD MAR-MAY PY 2004 VL 12 IS 2-3 BP 235 EP 248 DI 10.1002/pip.526 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 810VG UT WOS:000220731200009 ER PT J AU Agarwal, R Eswaramoorthy, S Kumaran, D Dunn, JJ Swaminathan, S AF Agarwal, R Eswaramoorthy, S Kumaran, D Dunn, JJ Swaminathan, S TI Cloning, high level expression, purification, and crystallization of the full length Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type E light chain SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article DE botulinum neurotoxin; light chains cloning; proteolytic activity; auto-proteolytic; crystallization ID TETANUS; PROTEOLYSIS; SNAP-25; NEUROEXOCYTOSIS; FRAGMENTS; PROTEIN AB The catalytic activity of the highly potent botulinum neurotoxins are confined to their N-terminal light chains (similar to50 kDa). A full-length light chain for the type E neurotoxin with a C-terminal 6x His-tag, BoNT/E-LC, has been cloned in a pET-9c vector and over-expressed in BL21 (DE3) cells. BoNT/E-LC was purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography oil Ni-NTA agarose followed by exclusion chromatography using a Superdex-75 sizing column. The purified protein has very good solubility and call be stored stably at -20 degreesC; however, it seems to undergo auto-proteolysis when stored at temperature greater than or equal to4-10 degreesC. BoNT/E-LC is active on its natural substrate, the synaptosomal associated 25 kDa protein, SNAP-25, indicating that it retains a native-like conformation and therefore can be considered as a useful tool in studying the structure/function of the catalytic light chain. Recombinant BoNT/E-LC has been crystallized under five different conditions and at various pHs. Crystals diffract to better than 2.1 Angstrom. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Swaminathan, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM swami@bnl.gov NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 34 IS 1 BP 95 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2003.10.017 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 777ZL UT WOS:000189214300010 PM 14766304 ER PT J AU Schwarzenbacher, R Deacon, AM Jaroszewski, L Brinen, LS Canaves, JM Dai, XP Elsliger, MA Floyd, R Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Klock, HE Koesema, E Kovarik, JS Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA McMullan, D McPhillips, TM Miller, MD Morse, A Moy, K Nelson, MS Ouyang, J Page, R Robb, A Quijano, K Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J Vincent, J von Delft, F Wang, XH West, B Wolf, G Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA AF Schwarzenbacher, R Deacon, AM Jaroszewski, L Brinen, LS Canaves, JM Dai, XP Elsliger, MA Floyd, R Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Klock, HE Koesema, E Kovarik, JS Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA McMullan, D McPhillips, TM Miller, MD Morse, A Moy, K Nelson, MS Ouyang, J Page, R Robb, A Quijano, K Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J Vincent, J von Delft, F Wang, XH West, B Wolf, G Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA TI Crystal structure of a putative glutamine amido transferase (TM1158) from Thermotoga maritima at 1.7 angstrom resolution SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID ANTHRANILATE SYNTHASE; PRODUCT C1 Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. San Diego Supercomp Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. Novartis Res Fdn, Genomics Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Joint Ctr Struct Genomics, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Wilson, IA (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, BCC206,10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM wilson@scripps.edu RI Godzik, Adam/A-7279-2009 OI Godzik, Adam/0000-0002-2425-852X FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM62411] NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 54 IS 4 BP 801 EP 805 DI 10.1002/prot.10614 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 814MX UT WOS:000220979900022 PM 14997577 ER PT J AU Erlandsen, H Canaves, JM Elsliger, MA von Delft, F Brinen, LS Dai, XP Deacon, AM Floyd, R Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Jaroszewski, L Klock, HE Koesema, E Kovarik, JS Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA McMullan, D McPhillips, TM Miller, MD Morse, A Moy, K Ouyang, J Page, R Robb, A Quijano, K Schwarzenbacher, R Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J Vincent, J Wang, XH West, B Wolf, G Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA AF Erlandsen, H Canaves, JM Elsliger, MA von Delft, F Brinen, LS Dai, XP Deacon, AM Floyd, R Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Jaroszewski, L Klock, HE Koesema, E Kovarik, JS Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA McMullan, D McPhillips, TM Miller, MD Morse, A Moy, K Ouyang, J Page, R Robb, A Quijano, K Schwarzenbacher, R Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J Vincent, J Wang, XH West, B Wolf, G Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA TI Crystal structure of an HEPN domain protein (TM0613) from Thermotoga maritima at 1.75 angstrom resolution SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDYLTRANSFERASE; COMMON C1 Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. San Diego Supercomp Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. Novartis Res Fdn, Genomics Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Joint Ctr Struct Genomics, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Wilson, IA (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, BCC206,10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM wilson@scripps.edu RI Godzik, Adam/A-7279-2009 OI Godzik, Adam/0000-0002-2425-852X FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM62411] NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 54 IS 4 BP 806 EP 809 DI 10.1002/prot.10631 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 814MX UT WOS:000220979900023 PM 14997578 ER PT J AU Schwarzenbacher, R von Delft, F Abdubek, P Ambing, E Biorac, T Brinen, LS Canaves, JM Cambell, J Chiu, HJ Dai, XP Deacon, AM DiDonato, M Elsliger, MA Eshagi, S Floyd, R Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Hampton, E Jaroszewski, L Karlak, C Klock, HE Koesema, E Kovarik, JS Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA Levin, I McMullan, D McPhillips, TM Miller, MD Morse, A Moy, K Ouyang, J Page, R Quijano, K Robb, A Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J Vincent, J Wang, XH West, B Wolf, G Xu, QP Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA AF Schwarzenbacher, R von Delft, F Abdubek, P Ambing, E Biorac, T Brinen, LS Canaves, JM Cambell, J Chiu, HJ Dai, XP Deacon, AM DiDonato, M Elsliger, MA Eshagi, S Floyd, R Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Hampton, E Jaroszewski, L Karlak, C Klock, HE Koesema, E Kovarik, JS Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA Levin, I McMullan, D McPhillips, TM Miller, MD Morse, A Moy, K Ouyang, J Page, R Quijano, K Robb, A Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J Vincent, J Wang, XH West, B Wolf, G Xu, QP Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA TI Crystal structure of a putative PII-like signaling protein (TM0021) from Thermotoga maritima at 2.5 angstrom resolution SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-DENSITY; P-II; PROGRAM C1 Scripps Res Inst, Joint Ctr Struct Genomics, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. San Diego Supercomp Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. Novartis Res Fdn, Genomics Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Joint Ctr Struct Genomics, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Wilson, IA (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Joint Ctr Struct Genomics, BCC206,10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM wilson@scripps.edu RI Godzik, Adam/A-7279-2009 OI Godzik, Adam/0000-0002-2425-852X FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM62411] NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 54 IS 4 BP 810 EP 813 DI 10.1002/prot.10647 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 814MX UT WOS:000220979900024 PM 14997579 ER PT J AU Berman, GP Borgonovi, F Tsifrinovich, VI AF Berman, GP Borgonovi, F Tsifrinovich, VI TI Quantum dynamics of the oscillating cantilever-driven reversals in magnetic resonance force microscopy SO QUANTUM INFORMATION & COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER AB We simulated the quantum dynamics for magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) in the oscillating cantilever-driven adiabatic reversals (OSCAR) technique. We estimated the frequency shift of the cantilever vibrations and demonstrated that this shift causes the formation of a Schrodinger cat state which has some similarities and differences from the conventional MRFM technique which uses cyclic adiabatic reversals of spins. The interaction of the cantilever with the environment is shown to quickly destroy the coherence between the two possible cantilever trajectories. We have shown that using partial adiabatic reversals, one can produce a significant increase in the OSCAR signal. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Cattolica, Dip Matemat & Fis, INFM, I-25121 Brescia, Italy. INFN, Pavia, Italy. Polytech Univ, IDS Dept, Metrotech Ctr 6, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. RP Berman, GP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, POB 1663,MS B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI borgonovi, fausto/0000-0002-9730-1189 NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU RINTON PRESS, INC PI PARAMUS PA 565 EDMUND TERRACE, PARAMUS, NJ 07652 USA SN 1533-7146 J9 QUANTUM INFORM COMPU JI Quantum Inform. Comput. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 4 IS 2 BP 102 EP 113 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 820YC UT WOS:000221424900002 ER PT J AU Hutchinson, I James, TS Reimer, PJ Bornhold, BD Clague, JJ AF Hutchinson, I James, TS Reimer, PJ Bornhold, BD Clague, JJ TI Marine and limnic radiocarbon reservoir corrections for studies of late- and postglacial environments in Georgia Basin and Puget Lowland, British Columbia, Canada and Washington, USA SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE radiocarbon; reservoir effects; marine shell; gyttja; Pacific Northwest; late-glacial environments ID SEA-LEVEL CHANGE; ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LATE QUATERNARY VEGETATION; SOUTHERN VANCOUVER-ISLAND; CORDILLERAN ICE-SHEET; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; NORTHEAST PACIFIC; MOUNT-RAINIER; CASCADE RANGE; SAANICH INLET AB Models of late-glacial environmental change in coastal areas are commonly based on radiocarbon ages on marine shell and basal lake sediments, both of which may be compromised by reservoir effects. The magnitude of the oceanic reservoir age in the inland waters of the Georgia Basin and Puget Lowland of northwestern North America is inferred from radiocarbon ages on shell-wood pairs in Saanich Inlet and previously published estimates. The weighted mean oceanic reservoir Correction in the early and mid Holocene is -720 +/- 90 yr, slightly smaller than, but not significantly different from, the modern value. The correction in late-glacial time is -950 +/- 50 yr. Valley-head sites yield higher reservoir values (-1200 +/- 130 yr) immediately after deglaciation. The magnitude of the gyttja reservoir effect is inferred from pairs of bulk gyttja and plant macrofossil ages from four lakes in the region. Incorporation of old carbon into basal gyttja yields ages from bulk samples that are initially about 600 yr too old. The reservoir age declines to less than 100 yr after the first millennium of lake development. When these corrections are accounted for, dates of deglaciation and late-glacial sea-level change in the study area are pushed forward in time by more than 500 yr. (0 2004 University of Washington. All rights reserved. C1 Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Geog, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Geol Survey Canada, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Victoria, Ctr Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. RP Hutchinson, I (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Geog, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. EM ianh@sfu.ca RI James, Thomas/D-9301-2013; Reimer, Paula/I-5915-2015 OI James, Thomas/0000-0001-7321-047X; NR 53 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0033-5894 J9 QUATERNARY RES JI Quat. Res. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 61 IS 2 BP 193 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2003.10.004 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 808QQ UT WOS:000220584000007 ER PT J AU Wright, HE Stefanova, I Tian, J Brown, TA Hu, FS AF Wright, HE Stefanova, I Tian, J Brown, TA Hu, FS TI A chronological framework for the Holocene vegetational history of central Minnesota: the Steel Lake pollen record SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Article ID MIDWESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; LAST DEGLACIATION; CLIMATE; USA; RECONSTRUCTION; PATTERNS; AMERICA; PINE AB Paleorecords from Minnesota and adjacent areas have often been used to evaluate large-scale climatic processes in the midcontinent of North America. However, most of these records are compromised by chronological flaws, making problematic any comparisons with climatic interpretations based on other records (e.g., GISP2 in Greenland). We report here a high-resolution pollen record with a secure chronology constrained by 26 C-14 dates on terrestrial macrofossils from Steel Lake, central Minnesota. About 11.2 ka cal BP (11,000 calibrated yr before present) the late-glacial Picea forest near Steel Lake was succeeded abruptly by Pinus banksiana and/or resinosa. The Pinus forest began to open 9.4ka cal BP with the expansion of prairie taxa, and a pine parkland or savanna prevailed until about 8 ka cal BP, when Quercus replaced Pinus to become the dominant tree in the prairie areas for 4500 yr. The close chronological control permits the correlation of key vegetational changes with those at other reliably dated sites in the eastern Dakotas and in Minnesota, suggesting that the abrupt decline of the spruce forest was time-transgressive from southwest to northeast during 2000 yr, and that the development of prairie was time-transgressive in the same direction over 2600 yr. Correlation of key pollen horizons at Steel Lake with those in the high-resolution pollen profiles of Elk Lake, ca. 50 km northwest of Steel Lake, suggests that the well-known Elk Lake varve chronology for the early Holocene is about 1000 yr too young. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Limnol Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CAMS, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Wright, HE (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Limnol Res Ctr, 310 Pillsbury Dr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM hew@umn.edu NR 45 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-3791 J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV JI Quat. Sci. Rev. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 23 IS 5-6 BP 611 EP 626 DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.09.003 PG 16 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 802KT UT WOS:000220163100006 ER PT J AU Zubavichus, Y Fuchs, O Weinhardt, L Heske, C Umbach, E Denlinger, JD Grunze, M AF Zubavichus, Y Fuchs, O Weinhardt, L Heske, C Umbach, E Denlinger, JD Grunze, M TI Soft X-ray-induced decomposition of amino acids: An XPS, mass spectrometry, and NEXAFS study SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY-ION EMISSION; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; CHEMICAL IONIZATION; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; RADIATION-DAMAGE; GLYCINE; SURFACES; EDGE; FRAGMENTATION; IRRADIATION AB Decomposition of five amino acids, alanine, serine, cysteine, aspartic acid, and asparagine, under irradiation with soft X rays (magnesium K-alpha X-ray source) in ultra-high vacuum was studied by means of X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and mass spectrometry. A comparative analysis of changes in XPS line shapes, stoichiometry and residual gas composition indicates that the molecules decompose by several pathways. Dehydration, decarboxylation, decarbonylation, deamination and desulfurization of pristine molecules accompanied by de sorption of H-2, H2O, CO2, CO, NH3 and H2S are observed with rates depending on the specific amino acid. NEXAFS spectra of cysteine at the carbon, oxygen and nitrogen K-shell and sulfur L-2,L-3 edges complement the XPS and mass spectrometry data and show that the exposure of the sample to an intense soft X-ray synchrotron beam results in the formation of C-C and C-N double and triple bonds. Qualitatively, the amino acids studied can be arranged in the following ascending order of radiation stability: serine < alanine < aspartic acid < cysteine < asparagine. (C) 2004 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Univ Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zubavichus, Y (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, INF 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. EM Yan.Zubavichus@urz.uni-heidelberg.de RI Weinhardt, Lothar/G-1689-2013; Grunze, Michael/H-1600-2013; Zubavichus, Yan/A-3418-2014 OI Zubavichus, Yan/0000-0003-2266-8944 NR 54 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 7 U2 46 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 161 IS 3 BP 346 EP 358 DI 10.1667/RR3114.1 PG 13 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 779NZ UT WOS:000189307900013 PM 15108703 ER PT J AU Walker, RF McLaughlin, SB West, DC AF Walker, RF McLaughlin, SB West, DC TI Establishment of sweet birch on surface mine spoil as influenced by mycorrhizal inoculation and fertility SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Betula lenta; ectomycorrhizae; phytotoxicity; Pisolithus tinctorius; reforestation; seedling nutrition; sweet birch; water relations ID SYMBIONT PISOLITHUS-TINCTORIUS; LOBLOLLY-PINE SEEDLINGS; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL DEVELOPMENT; OAK SEEDLINGS; FUMIGATED SOIL; SIERRA-NEVADA; JEFFREY PINE; GROWTH; FERTILIZATION; SURVIVAL AB Induced mycorrhization of sweet birch (Betula lenta L.) by Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch, as influenced by substrate fertility, was evaluated for its effects on seedling growth and physiology. Following a brief period in seed flats, seedlings were transplanted to mine spoil where they resided for 30 months, and three nutrition regimes were imposed throughout the study by application of differing nutrient solution concentrations. High fertility suppressed mycorrhizal formation by P. tinctorius but promoted that of other mycobionts. Pisolithus mycorrhization induced substantial aboveground and belowground growth as indicated by dimensions and mass for the former and mass and length for the latter but favoring root over shoot growth overall. Furthermore, these mycorrhizae were frequently able to compensate for the growth stimulation of higher nutrient additions. Measurements of xylem pressure potential and soil water potential indicated that water uptake was enhanced by P. tinctorius during simulated drought episodes of two durations and in subsequent recovery periods. Inoculated seedlings had higher foliar concentrations of critical nutrients, especially N, and lower concentrations of potentially phytotoxic metallic elements, particularly Mn, than uninoculated seedlings, although the latter response was absent in high fertility. Spoil analyses clearly revealed the influence of the nutrition regimes but also the effects of seedling uptake on substrate chemistry, and reinforced the findings of the foliar analysis concerning suppression of metal uptake by P. tinctorius. Collectively, these results suggest that P. tinctorius can provide sweet birch an array of physiological benefits that will permit this tree species to flourish on harsh substrates such as surface mine spoils without heavy application of chemical fertilizers. C1 Univ Nevada, Knudtsen Renewable Nat Resource Ctr, Reno, NV 89512 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Walker, RF (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Knudtsen Renewable Nat Resource Ctr, 1000 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM walker@ers.unr.edu NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1061-2971 J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 12 IS 1 BP 8 EP 19 DI 10.1111/j.1061-2971.2004.00255.x PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 776WQ UT WOS:000189142700003 ER PT J AU Biewer, TM Bell, RE Feder, R Johnson, DW Palladino, RW AF Biewer, TM Bell, RE Feder, R Johnson, DW Palladino, RW TI Edge rotation and temperature diagnostic on the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID POLOIDAL ROTATION; TOKAMAK PLASMA; TURBULENCE AB A new diagnostic for the National Spherical Torus Experiment is described whose function is to measure ion rotation and temperature at the plasma edge. The diagnostic is sensitive to C III, C IV, and He II intrinsic emission, covering a radial region of 15 cm at the extreme edge of the outboard midplane. Thirteen chords are distributed between toroidal and poloidal views, allowing the toroidal and poloidal rotation and temperature of the plasma edge to be simultaneously measured with 10 ms resolution. Combined with the local pressure gradient and EFIT reconstructed magnetic field profile, the edge flow gives a measure of the local radial electric field. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Biewer, TM (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM tbiewer@pppl.gov OI Biewer, Theodore/0000-0001-7456-3509 NR 17 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 BP 650 EP 654 DI 10.1063/1.1646740 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 775RU UT WOS:000189075100008 ER PT J AU Trelenberg, TW Glade, SC Felter, TE Tobin, JG Hamza, AV AF Trelenberg, TW Glade, SC Felter, TE Tobin, JG Hamza, AV TI Instrument for the investigation of the nanostructure of Pu and other actinides SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID PLUTONIUM AB An instrument for the synthesis and analysis of nanoparticles and ultrathin films of Pu and other actinides has been constructed. To facilitate the production of nanoscale specimens of these materials, pulsed laser ablation was chosen for the deposition process. The highly toxic and radioactive nature of these materials created a challenging safety environment that needed to be addressed before any work could begin. Particular attention has been paid in this respect towards our future work with plutonium, though the design structure presented here would work equally well with other nonradioactive toxic or reactive materials. The analytical capabilities of the instrument include in situ photoelectron spectroscopy, low energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The instrument design and first results will be discussed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Trelenberg, TW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Tobin, James/O-6953-2015 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 BP 713 EP 718 DI 10.1063/1.1647695 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 775RU UT WOS:000189075100018 ER PT J AU Wilson, KR Rude, BS Smith, J Cappa, C Co, DT Schaller, RD Larsson, M Catalano, T Saykally, RJ AF Wilson, KR Rude, BS Smith, J Cappa, C Co, DT Schaller, RD Larsson, M Catalano, T Saykally, RJ TI Investigation of volatile liquid surfaces by synchrotron x-ray spectroscopy of liquid microjets SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; VAPOR INTERFACE; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; RAMAN-SCATTERING; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; AMBIENT CONDITIONS; WATER; METHANOL; TEMPERATURE AB Soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy is a powerful probe of surface electronic and geometric structure in metals, semiconductors, and thin films. Because these techniques generally require ultrahigh vacuum, corresponding studies of volatile liquid surfaces have hitherto been precluded. We describe the design and implementation of an x-ray experiment based on the use of liquid microjets, permitting the study of volatile liquid surfaces under quasi-equilibrium conditions by synchrotron-based spectroscopy. The liquid microjet temperatures are also characterized by Raman spectroscopy, which connects our structural studies with those conducted on liquid samples under equilibrium conditions. In recent experiments, we have observed and quantified the intermolecular surface relaxation of liquid water and methanol and have identified a large population of "acceptor-only" molecules at the liquid water interface. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SCFAB, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Saykally, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM saykally@uclink4.berkeley.edu OI Co, Dick/0000-0003-0698-3004 NR 66 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 BP 725 EP 736 DI 10.1063/1.1645656 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 775RU UT WOS:000189075100020 ER PT J AU Funk, T Friedrich, S Young, AT Arenholz, E Delano, R Cramer, SP AF Funk, T Friedrich, S Young, AT Arenholz, E Delano, R Cramer, SP TI Soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism at 2 K: A tool in biological inorganic chemistry SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY AB X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is the asymmetric absorption of left- and right-handed circularly polarized x rays and can be used to measure element-specific spin and oxidation states and magnetic moments. We have built an end station for XMCD spectroscopy to study transition metals located in the active sites of proteins and inorganic model compounds. The instrument is equipped with a 6 T superconducting magnet and a liquid helium cooled sample stage designed for experiments at temperatures as low as 2.2 K and beyond 160 K. Sample heating by infrared radiation is minimized using a liquid helium cooled heat shield with 100-nm-thick Al windows. We demonstrate the capabilities of the apparatus in a total electron yield study on the model compound [(F-8-TPP)Fe-O-Cu(TMPA)](+). We show that Fe and Cu are antiferromagnetically coupled by comparing the polarity of the XMCD signal at the respective L-edges. We discuss the capability of the instrument to study dilute (<1000 ppm) transition metals in proteins using partial fluorescence yield. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Adv Detector Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Funk, T (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Phys Res Lab, 185 Berry St,Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA. EM tfunk@radiology.ucsf.edu NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 3 BP 756 EP 759 DI 10.1063/1.1645635 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 775RU UT WOS:000189075100024 ER PT J AU Bakkal, M Shih, AJ Scattergood, RO Liu, CT AF Bakkal, M Shih, AJ Scattergood, RO Liu, CT TI Machining of a Zr-Ti-Al-Cu-Ni metallic glass SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE metallic glass; machining; crystallization ID BULK AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; FRACTURE; CRYSTALLIZATION; MECHANICS AB Zr52.5Ti5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10 metallic glass machining chips were characterized using SEM, X-ray diffraction and nano-indentation. Above a threshold cutting speed, oxidation of the Zr produces high flash temperatures and causes crystallization. The chip morphology was unique and showed the presence of shear bands, void formation and viscous flow. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Scattergood, RO (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM ron_scattergood@ncsu.edu RI Scattergood, Ronald/D-5204-2009 NR 16 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 50 IS 5 BP 583 EP 588 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.052 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 763FC UT WOS:000188063400005 ER PT J AU Koopman, M Gouadec, G Carlisle, K Chawla, KK Gladysz, G AF Koopman, M Gouadec, G Carlisle, K Chawla, KK Gladysz, G TI Compression testing of hollow microspheres (microballoons) to obtain mechanical properties SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE compression test; nanoindentation; microballons; toughness; non-metallic glasses (silicates) AB Glass microballoons (GMBs), which are hollow microspheres, were tested to obtain uniaxial compressive properties. Individual GMBs with diameters between approximately 5 and 90 mum were tested in compression using a nanoindentation instrument equipped with a flat ended sapphire tip. GMBs failed at loads ranging from 2.4 to 49.7 mN, and showed a direct relation between diameter and load to failure and between diameter and fracture energy. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Paris 06, LADIR, CNRS, UMR 7075, F-94320 Thiais, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Koopman, M (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1530 3rd Ave S,BEC 254, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM mkoopman@uab.edu RI Gouadec, Gwenael/P-6526-2016 OI Gouadec, Gwenael/0000-0002-1476-2765 NR 4 TC 26 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 50 IS 5 BP 593 EP 596 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.031 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 763FC UT WOS:000188063400007 ER PT J AU Henager, CH Hoagland, RG AF Henager, CH Hoagland, RG TI A rebound mechanism for misfit dislocation creation in metallic nanolayers SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE nanolayered materials; Cu-Ni; interfaces; misfit dislocations; nanostructure AB A version of the Dregia-Hirth rebound mechanism for misfit dislocation creation is observed in atomistic models of Cu-Ni nanolayered structures. Glide dislocations in Cu layers undergo a reaction at the Cu-Ni interface under applied compression to produce another glide dislocation and a misfit dislocation. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Henager, CH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,MS P8-15, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chuck.henager@pnl.gov RI Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012; OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803 NR 12 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 50 IS 5 BP 701 EP 705 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.09.002 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 763FC UT WOS:000188063400027 ER PT J AU Misra, A Kung, H Embury, JD AF Misra, A Kung, H Embury, JD TI Preface to the viewpoint set on: deformation and stability of nanoscale metallic multilayers SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Editorial Material DE multilayers; nanocrystalline materials; multilayer thin films; interfaces ID MECHANISMS; FILMS AB This article serves as an introduction to the following viewpoint set of 18 articles that include both experimental and theory/modeling studies on a variety of issues related to plastic deformation, and mechanical, thermal or phase stability of nanoscale layered materials. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. US DOE, Washington, DC USA. RP Misra, A (reprint author), US DOE, Washington, DC USA. EM amisra@lanl.gov RI Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012 NR 7 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 50 IS 6 BP 707 EP 710 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.036 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 767VH UT WOS:000188494200001 ER PT J AU Hoagland, RG Kurtz, RJ Henager, CH AF Hoagland, RG Kurtz, RJ Henager, CH TI Slip resistance of interfaces and the strength of metallic multilayer composites SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE atomic simulation; strength; interfaces; composites; coherency ID DISLOCATION STABILITY; MECHANISMS AB We have employed atomic simulations to compute the resistance to glide posed by two kinds of interfaces: coherent and semicoherent interfaces, and incoherent interfaces. Both kinds offer significant resistance to crossing of glide dislocations but for different reasons. We discuss the implication of the results of the atomistic calculations to the strength of multilayer composites and show that a simple prediction can be made for the upper bound strength of coherent systems. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hoagland, RG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hoagland@lanl.gov RI Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012; OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803 NR 8 TC 160 Z9 169 U1 11 U2 66 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 50 IS 6 BP 775 EP 779 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.059 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 767VH UT WOS:000188494200013 ER PT J AU Hirth, JP AF Hirth, JP TI Effects of coherency on diffusivity in multilayers SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE diffusion; multilayers; coherency ID GOLD; DECOMPOSITION; DISLOCATION AB In coherent multilayers, the remote spacing of vacancy sources and sinks indicates that Darken's equations no longer apply. Under these circumstances, after a transient, the diffusivity should drop to that of the slower diffusing component. The magnitude of this effect in comparison with other effects that can retard diffusivity such as sink efficiency and internal stress fields, is discussed. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Washington State Univ, Dept Emeritus, 114 E Ramsey Canyon Rd, Hereford, AZ 85615 USA. EM jphmdh@theriver.com NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 50 IS 6 BP 793 EP 795 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.048 PG 3 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 767VH UT WOS:000188494200016 ER PT J AU Mara, N Sergueeva, A Misra, A Mukherjee, AK AF Mara, N Sergueeva, A Misra, A Mukherjee, AK TI Structure and high-temperature mechanical behavior relationship in nano-scaled multilayered materials SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE high-temperature mechanical properties; multilayers; nanoscale; copper/niobium ID STRENGTH AB The microstructure and high temperature mechanical properties of polycrystalline Cu-Nb nanolayered composites prepared by magnetron sputtering were evaluated. Peak tensile strength decreased from similar to450 MPa at 500 degreesC to similar to150 MPa at 700 degreesC for 75 nm Cu-75 nm Nb multilayer. Evidences of interlayer sliding upon tensile deformation were detected, but nanolayered structures were stable. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mara, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM namara@ucdavis.edu RI Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012; Mara, Nathan/J-4509-2014 NR 6 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 50 IS 6 BP 803 EP 806 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.051 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 767VH UT WOS:000188494200018 ER PT J AU Chuvil'deev, VN Nieh, TG Gryaznov, MY Sysoev, AN Kopylov, VI AF Chuvil'deev, VN Nieh, TG Gryaznov, MY Sysoev, AN Kopylov, VI TI Low-temperature superplasticity and internal friction in microcrystalline Mg alloys processed by ECAP SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Mg alloys; severe plastic deformation; low-temperature superplasticity; internal friction ID NONEQUILIBRIUM GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; ZK60 MAGNESIUM ALLOY AB Excellent low-temperature superplasticity (<300 degreesC) was observed in the ECAP-processed materials: elongations to failure are 810% and 570% at a strain rate of 3 x 10(-3) s(-1) for ZK60 and AZ91 alloys, respectively. Internal friction can be practically used to determine the optimum temperature for superplasticity. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Nizhny Novgrod State Univ, Res Phys & Tech Inst, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia. Natl Acad Sci, Phys Tech Inst, Minsk 220141, Byelarus. RP Nieh, TG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM nieh1@llnl.gov RI Nieh, Tai-Gang/G-5912-2011; Kopylov, Vladimir/J-5253-2013; Chuvil'deev, Vladimir/A-6710-2014; OI Nieh, Tai-Gang/0000-0002-2814-3746; Kopylov, Vladimir/0000-0002-0725-9918; Chuvil'deev, Vladimir/0000-0002-0328-1923; Vladimir, Chuvil'deev/0000-0002-5411-6557 NR 18 TC 89 Z9 104 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 50 IS 6 BP 861 EP 865 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.12.003 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 767VH UT WOS:000188494200029 ER PT J AU Febler, M AF Febler, M TI Musings of a retiring BSSA Editor SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Febler, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0895-0695 J9 SEISMOL RES LETT JI Seismol. Res. Lett. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 2 BP 147 EP 148 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 815JA UT WOS:000221037400001 ER PT J AU Stein, S Newman, A AF Stein, S Newman, A TI Characteristic and uncharacteristic earthquakes as possible artifacts: Applications to the New Madrid and Wabash seismic zones SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; GUTENBERG-RICHTER; STRESS; FREQUENCY; HAZARD; DEFORMATION; REGIONS; TIME C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Stein, S (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM seth@earth.northwestern.edu; anewman@lanl.gov RI Newman, Andrew/E-7682-2012 OI Newman, Andrew/0000-0001-7414-1197 NR 43 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 5 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0895-0695 J9 SEISMOL RES LETT JI Seismol. Res. Lett. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 75 IS 2 BP 173 EP 187 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 815JA UT WOS:000221037400004 ER PT J AU Pinnaduwage, LA Boiadjiev, VI Brown, GM Thundat, T Petersen, SW AF Pinnaduwage, LA Boiadjiev, VI Brown, GM Thundat, T Petersen, SW TI Detection of hexavalent chromium in ground water using a single microcantilever sensor SO SENSOR LETTERS LA English DT Article DE detection; microcantilever; hexavalent chromium; chromate; ground water; self-assembled monolayer ID AU(111); CR(VI) AB We report the detection of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), in ground water from the US Department of Energy Hanford site using a single microcantilever coated with a self-assembled monolayer of 4-mercaptopyridine. These experiments show that CrO(4)(2-) ions can be detected with the microcantilever sensor in the presence of significant concentrations (>1000 mu g/L) of Ca(2+), Cl(-), Mg(2+), NO(3)(-), K(+), Na(+), and SO(4)(2-) ions, as well as a variety of other ions of smaller concentrations. The chromate concentrations were also measured using the Hach spectrophotometric kit, which is widely used for chromate monitoring. The microcantilever measurements are an order of magnitude more sensitive compared to the photometric method, and may be deployed for in situ detection of chromium in ground water. The microcantilever measurements are in good agreement with the photometric measurements for the higher concentration samples. To our knowledge, this is the first reported detection of a target species in a complex matrix by a single microcantilever. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Fluor Hanford Inc, Groundwater Protect Program, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pinnaduwage, LA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM LLP@ORNL.GOV NR 18 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1546-198X J9 SENSOR LETT JI Sens. Lett. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 2 IS 1 BP 25 EP 30 DI 10.1166/sl.2004.028 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 004PV UT WOS:000234765600004 ER PT J AU Abdulla, G Critchlow, T Arrighi, W AF Abdulla, G Critchlow, T Arrighi, W TI Simulation data as data streams SO SIGMOD RECORD LA English DT Article AB Computational or scientific simulations are increasingly being applied to solve a variety of scientific problems. Domains such as astrophysics, engineering, chemistry, biology, and environmental studies are benefiting from this important capability. Simulations, however, produce enormous amounts of data that need to be analyzed and understood. In this overview paper, we describe scientific simulation data, its characteristics, and the way scientists generate and use the data. We then compare and contrast simulation data to data streams. Finally, we describe our approach to analyzing simulation data, present the AQSim (Ad-hoc Queries for Simulation data) system, and discuss some of the challenges that result from handling this kind of data. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Abdulla, G (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. EM abdulla1@llnl.gov; critchlow@llnl.gov; wjarrighi@llnl.gov NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0163-5808 J9 SIGMOD RECORD JI Sigmod Rec. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 33 IS 1 BP 89 EP 94 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 803OX UT WOS:000220241500015 ER PT J AU Renella, G Mench, M van der Lelie, D Pietramellara, G Ascher, J Ceccherini, MT Landi, L Nannipieri, P AF Renella, G Mench, M van der Lelie, D Pietramellara, G Ascher, J Ceccherini, MT Landi, L Nannipieri, P TI Hydrolase activity, microbial biomass and community structure in long-term Cd-contaminated soils SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cadmium; bioavailability; enzyme activities; microbial community ID HEAVY-METALS; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; CHEMICAL SPECIATION; CADMIUM; TOXICITY; ZINC; MICROORGANISMS; CARBON; COPPER AB Long-term effects of high Cd concentrations on enzyme activities, microbial biomass and respiration and bacterial community structure of soils were assessed in sandy soils where Cd was added between 1988 and 1990 as Cd(NO3)(2) to reach concentrations ranging from 0 to 0.36 mmol Cd kg(-1) dry weight soil. Soils were mantained under maize and grass cultivation, or 'set-aside' regimes, for 1 year. Solubility of Cd and its bioavailability were measured by chemical extractions or by the BIOMET bacterial biosensor system. Cadmium solubility was very low, and Cd bioavailability was barely detectable even in soils polluted with 0.36 mmol Cd kg(-1). Soil microbial biomass carbon (BC) was slightly decreased and respiration was increased significantly even at the lower Cd concentration and as a consequence the metabolic quotient (qCO(2)) was increased, indicating a stressful condition for soil microflora. However, Cd-contaminated soils also had a lower total organic C (TOC) content and thus the microbial biomass C-to-TOC ratio was unaffected by Cd. Alkaline phosphomonoesterase, arylsulphatase and protease activities were significantly reduced in all Cd-contaminated soils whereas acid phosphomonoesterase, beta-glucosidase and urease activites were unaffected by Cd. Neither changes in physiological groups of bacteria, nor of Cd resistant bacteria could be detected in numbers of the culturable bacterial community. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of the bacterial community showed slight changes in maize cropped soils containing 0.18 and 0.36 mmol Cd kg(-1) soil as compared to the control. It was concluded that high Cd concentrations induced mainly physiological adaptations rather than selection for metal-resistant culturable, soil microflora, regardless of Cd concentration, and that some biochemical parameters were more sensitive to stress than others. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All fights reserved. C1 Univ Florence, Dept Soil Sci & Plant Nutr, I-50144 Florence, Italy. INRA, Ctr Bordeaux Aquitaine, Unite Agronom, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Renella, G (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Soil Sci & Plant Nutr, Piazzale Cascine 28, I-50144 Florence, Italy. EM giancarlo.renella@unifi.it OI Mench, michel/0000-0002-0273-4142; NANNIPIERI, PAOLO/0000-0002-5488-2593; Pietramellara, Giacomo/0000-0003-1562-8784; Ascher-Jenull, Judith/0000-0003-0127-8058 NR 49 TC 62 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 36 IS 3 BP 443 EP 451 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2003.10.022 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 800DV UT WOS:000220010000007 ER PT J AU Skukla, MK Lal, R Ebinger, M AF Skukla, MK Lal, R Ebinger, M TI Soil quality indicators for the North Appalachian experimental watersheds in Coshocton Ohio SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sustainability; water stable aggregation; water infiltration; corn grain yield; biomass yield; soil organic carbon; soil texture ID ORGANIC-MATTER; INFILTRATION; AGGREGATION; FERTILIZER; EARTHWORM; MANURE AB Identification of soil quality indicators (SQI) is important to sustainable management of natural resources. The objective of this project was to develop a technique for identifying SQIs for agricultural land use. Soil structure, water retention and transmission properties, and pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were measured and related to agronomic productivity for five land use and soil management treatments at the experimental farm of the North Appalachian Experimental Watersheds, Coshocton, Ohio. The five treatments were no-till corn without manure (NTWM), no-till corn with manure (NTM), no-till corn (Zea mays)-soybean (Glycine max) rotation (NTCSR), conventional tillage corn (CT), and meadow (M). Soil properties measured were bulk density (rho(b)), drainable porosity (f(a)), available water capacity (AWC), steady state infiltration rate (i(c)), saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-s), soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration, water stable aggregation (WSA), mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWD), and texture. The correlation analysis on the measured soil attributes reduced the number of key variables from 17 to 11. A rating index on a 1 to 5 scale was obtained for each of the key soil properties. The linear regression analysis was first performed with key soil attributes as independent variables and biomass or grain yields as dependent variables, with the rating factor later assigned to each measured key soil attribute. The multiple regression analysis showed that SOC and WSA explained more than 35% of variability in biomass and 33% in grain yields, respectively, and were identified as the major SQIs. Other important SQIs were rho(b), AWC, MWD, pH, and EC. The cumulative sustainability ratings (CR) for each land use showed that NTM was the most sustainable soil management treatment (CR = 20) and CT the least sustainable (CR = 30). The CR was also correlated significantly with grain yield (R-2 = 0.31, P < 0.002). The CR for different land uses suggests that soil management with NTM is the most sustainable and CT the least. C1 Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Skukla, MK (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management Sequestrat Ctr, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM Shukla.9@osu.edu RI Lal, Rattan/D-2505-2013 NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 169 IS 3 BP 195 EP 205 DI 10.1097/01.ss.0000122523,03492.79 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 804QW UT WOS:000220314200005 ER PT J AU Shukla, MK Lal, R Ebinger, M AF Shukla, MK Lal, R Ebinger, M TI Principal component analysis for predicting corn biomass and grain yields SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE water stable aggregation; water infiltration; corn grain yield; biomass; soil bulk density; hydraulic conductivity; coefficient of variation; principal component analysis ID SOIL PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; SPATIAL VARIABILITY AB Soil variability, a rule rather than an exception, necessitates site-specific management for optimizing the efficient use of inputs. Biomass and grain yields depend on complex interactions among spatially variable physical and chemical properties of soil. The objectives of this study were to determine (i) the variability in soil properties using coefficient of variation (CV) and range as indicators and (ii) the relationships between principal components (PCs) derived from measured soil attributes and corn (Zea mays) biomass and grain yields. Soil physical and chemical properties were determined for four treatments: no-till corn without manure (Field 1), no-till corn with manure (Field 2), no-till corn-soybean (Glycine max) rotation (Field 3), and conventional tillage corn (Field 4). The CV for saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-s) (0.59 to 1.43) and infiltration rate at 5 min (i(5)) (0.38 to 0.86) was classified as most variable; for 3-h infiltration (i(c)) (0.30 to 0.97) and cumulative infiltration (I) (0.27 to 0.76) as moderate to most variable; for SOC (0.21 to 0.02) and MWD (0.12 to 0.23) as moderate to least variable; and the CV for WSA (0.03 to 0.12), pH (0.1 to 0.2), and soil bulk density (rho(b)) (0.05 to 0.11) as least variable. The highest CV overall was obtained for soil properties in the conventional till treatment (Field 4), although mean values of K-s, i(5), and I for this field were the smallest. The biomass and grain yields were also the lowest for Field 4. The principal component (PC) analysis showed that four PCs with eigen-values greater than one explained more than 78% of the variability in soil physical and chemical properties. The stepwise regression analysis showed that the grain yield (Y-g) was linearly correlated with PCs as Y-g = 8.77 + 0.81 PC1 (r(2) = 0.19; P < 0.02) and biomass yield (Y-b) as Y-b = 4.85 + 0.41 PC1 + 0.32 PC2 (r(2) = 0.36; P < 0.003). The coefficients on PC1 were positive and were the highest for both Y-g and Y-b. Therefore, PC1 was the most dominant yield determinant. C1 Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Shukla, MK (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM Shukla.9@osu.edu RI Lal, Rattan/D-2505-2013 NR 28 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 169 IS 3 BP 215 EP 224 DI 10.1097/01.ss.0000122521.03492.eb PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 804QW UT WOS:000220314200007 ER PT J AU Hubbell, JM Sisson, JB AF Hubbell, JM Sisson, JB TI Comments on "tensiometer modification for diminishing errors due to the fluctuating inner water column" SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Hubbell, JM (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625,MS 2107, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM jmh@ine.gov; buck@reallife.mgrf.net NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 68 IS 2 BP 709 EP 710 PG 2 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 800PR UT WOS:000220040700046 ER PT J AU Cumings, J Zettl, A AF Cumings, J Zettl, A TI Field emission and current-voltage properties of boron nitride nanotubes SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE boron nitride; nanotubes; field emission ID NEGATIVE ELECTRON-AFFINITY; CARBON NANOTUBES; EMITTERS; MECHANISM; DIAMOND AB We have measured electrical transport properties of boron nitride nanotubes using an in situ manipulation stage inside a transmission electron microscope. Stable currents were measured in a field emission geometry, but in contact the nanotubes are insulating at low bias. At high bias, the nanotubes show stable, reversible breakdown current. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cumings, J (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM cumings@stanford.edu; azettl@physics.berkeley.edu RI Cumings, John/A-3595-2012; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 26 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 129 IS 10 BP 661 EP 664 DI 10.1016/j.scc.2003.11.026 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 775VQ UT WOS:000189081700009 ER PT J AU Hansen, LA Mathews, NE Vander Lee, BA Lutz, RS AF Hansen, LA Mathews, NE Vander Lee, BA Lutz, RS TI Population characteristics, survival rates, and causes of mortality of striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) on the Southern High Plains, Texas SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID NORTH-DAKOTA; RECAPTURE; ALBERTA; RABIES; REPRODUCTION; PREDATION; DISPERSAL; REDUCTION; SUCCESS; SEASON AB We examined morphological characteristics, abundance, survival rates, and causes of mortality for striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) in the Southern High Plains region of Texas during 1994 and 1995. We captured 69 male skunks 133 times and 35 female skunks 57 times on 4 12.8-km(2) plots. Estimates of abundance on plots ranged from 0.10 to 0.71 skunks/km(2). Annual survival rates were 0.40 in 1994 and 0.48 in 1995. Survival curves did not differ significantly between years. From the 26 recovered carcasses, 50% of skunks died from human-caused trauma. Shooting of skunks around occupied houses was the largest single cause of mortality. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Dept Range Wildlife & Fisheries Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Natl Biol Survey, Lubbock, TX 79404 USA. RP Hansen, LA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM hansenl@lanl.gov NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 10 PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSN NATURALISTS PI SAN MARCOS PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS, TX 78666 USA SN 0038-4909 J9 SOUTHWEST NAT JI Southw. Natural. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 49 IS 1 BP 54 EP 60 DI 10.1894/0038-4909(2004)049<0054:PCSRAC>2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 803EF UT WOS:000220213700008 ER PT J AU Warpinski, NR Wolhart, SL Wright, CA AF Warpinski, NR Wolhart, SL Wright, CA TI Analysis and prediction of microseismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing SO SPE JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2001 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition CY SEP 30-OCT 03, 2001 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Soc Petr Engineers AB This paper presents an analysis of the stress and pressure changes caused by hydraulic fractures and evaluates the likelihood and causes of microseismic activity in the vicinity of the fracture. Along with the formation stresses, pressure, and properties, the analysis predicts where microseisms should occur in relation to the fracture and makes possible accurate interpretation of the significance of the microseismic events. The most important factor controlling the seismically active zone is the coupling of the fracturing pressure into the formation. Thus, liquid-saturated reservoirs experience much more widespread activity than do gas reservoirs. The analysis also shows that the fracture tip induces large shear stresses that result in a local zone of instability. Such a zone is the primary reason that microseisms accurately map out the length and height of the fracture, because considerable microseismic activity occurs around the tip as it propagates. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Pinnacle Technol, Houston, TX USA. RP Warpinski, NR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM nrwarpi@sandia.gov; steve.wolhart@pinntech.com; chris.wright@pinntech.com NR 34 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 22 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA SN 1086-055X J9 SPE J JI SPE J. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 9 IS 1 BP 24 EP 33 DI 10.2118/87673-PA PG 10 WC Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA 808NN UT WOS:000220575900004 ER PT J AU Lynch, JP Law, KH Kiremidjian, AS Carryer, E Farrar, CR Sohn, H Allen, DW Nadler, B Wait, JR AF Lynch, JP Law, KH Kiremidjian, AS Carryer, E Farrar, CR Sohn, H Allen, DW Nadler, B Wait, JR TI Design and performance validation of a wireless sensing unit for structural monitoring applications SO STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT United States-Korea Workshop on Smart Infrastructural Systems CY AUG 23-24, 2002 CL Busan, SOUTH KOREA DE wireless monitoring; wireless sensing unit; structural health monitoring AB There exists a clear need to monitor the performance of civil structures over their operational lives. Current commercial monitoring systems suffer from various technological and economic limitations that prevent their widespread adoption. The wires used to route measurements from system sensors to the centralized data server represent one of the greatest limitations since they are physically vulnerable and expensive from an installation and maintenance standpoint. In lieu of cables, the introduction of low-cost wireless communications is proposed. The result is the design of a prototype wireless sensing unit that can serve as the fundamental building block of wireless modular monitoring systems (WiMMS). An additional feature of the wireless sensing unit is the incorporation of computational power in the form of state-of-art microcontrollers. The prototype unit is validated with a series of laboratory and field tests. The Alamosa Canyon Bridge is employed to serve as a full-scale benchmark structure to validate the performance of the wireless sensing unit in the field. A traditional cable-based monitoring system is installed in parallel with the wireless sensing units for performance comparison. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Stanford Univ, John A Blume Earthquake Engn Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lynch, JP (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Sohn, Hoon/A-9406-2008; Farrar, Charles/C-6954-2012 NR 18 TC 69 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 12 PU TECHNO-PRESS PI DAEJEON PA PO BOX 33, YUSEONG, DAEJEON 305-600, SOUTH KOREA SN 1225-4568 J9 STRUCT ENG MECH JI Struct. Eng. Mech. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3-4 BP 393 EP 408 PG 16 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 779AC UT WOS:000189272600009 ER PT J AU Sohn, H Robertson, AN Farrar, CR AF Sohn, H Robertson, AN Farrar, CR TI Holder exponent analysis for discontinuity detection SO STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT United States-Korea Workshop on Smart Infrastructural Systems CY AUG 23-24, 2002 CL Busan, SOUTH KOREA DE holder exponent; structural health monitoring; discontinuity detection; wavelet transform ID TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; SINGULARITY DETECTION AB In this paper, a Holder exponent, a measure of the degree to which a signal is differentiable, is presented to detect the presence of a discontinuity and when the discontinuity occurs in a dynamic signal. This discontinuity detection has potential applications to structural health monitoring because discontinuities are often introduced into dynamic response data as a result of certain types of damage. Wavelet transforms are incorporated with the Holder exponent to capture the time varying nature of discontinuities, and a classification procedure is developed to quantify when changes in the Holder exponent are significant. The proposed Holder exponent analysis is applied to various experimental signals to reveal underlying damage causing events from the signals. Signals being analyzed include acceleration response of a mechanical system with a rattling internal part, acceleration signals of a three-story building model with a loosing bolt, and strain records of an in-situ bridge during construction. The experimental results presented in this paper demonstrate that the Holder exponent can be an effective tool for identifying certain types of events that introduce discontinuities into the measured dynamic response data. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Appl Div, Weapon Response Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sohn, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Appl Div, Weapon Response Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Sohn, Hoon/A-9406-2008 NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU TECHNO-PRESS PI DAEJEON PA PO BOX 33, YUSEONG, DAEJEON 305-600, SOUTH KOREA SN 1225-4568 J9 STRUCT ENG MECH JI Struct. Eng. Mech. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3-4 BP 409 EP 428 PG 20 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 779AC UT WOS:000189272600010 ER PT J AU Rudresh Ramakumar, S Ramagopal, UA Inai, Y Goel, S Sahal, D Chauhan, VS AF Rudresh Ramakumar, S Ramagopal, UA Inai, Y Goel, S Sahal, D Chauhan, VS TI De novo design and characterization of a helical hairpin eicosapeptide: Emergence of an anion receptor in the linker region SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Article ID O HYDROGEN-BOND; SUCCESSIVE RESIDUES; WEAK-INTERACTIONS; BETA-HAIRPINS; PROTEINS; PEPTIDE; CRYSTAL; CONFORMATION; EVOLUTION; ZIPPERS AB De novo design of supersecondary structures is expected to provide useful molecular frameworks for the incorporation of functional sites as in proteins. A 21 residue long, dehydrophenylalanine-containing peptide has been de novo designed and its crystal structure determined. The apolar peptide folds into a helical hairpin supersecondary structure with two right-handed helices, connected by a tetraglycine linker. The helices of the hairpin interact with each other through a combination of C-(HO)-O-... and N-(HO)-O-... hydrogen bonds. The folding of the apolar peptide has been realized without the help of either metal ions or disulphide bonds. A remarkable feature of the peptide is the unanticipated occurrence of an anion binding motif in the linker region, strikingly similar in conformation and function to the "nest" motif seen in several proteins. The observation supports the view for the possible emergence of rudimentary functions over short sequence stretches in the early peptides under prebiotic conditions. C1 Int Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol, New Delhi, India. Indian Inst Sci, Bioinformat Ctr, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. NCI Frederick, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Nagoya Inst Technol, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Environm Technol & Urban Planning, Showa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4668555, Japan. RP Chauhan, VS (reprint author), Int Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol, New Delhi, India. EM virander@icgeb.res.in NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD MAR PY 2004 VL 12 IS 3 BP 389 EP 396 DI 10.1016/j.str.2004.02.014 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 821AB UT WOS:000221430300007 PM 15016355 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZM Hu, WD Cano, L Lee, TD Chen, DJ Chen, Y AF Zhang, ZM Hu, WD Cano, L Lee, TD Chen, DJ Chen, Y TI Solution structure of the C-terminal domain of Ku80 suggests important sites for protein-protein interactions SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Article ID STRAND BREAK REPAIR; NMR STRUCTURE CALCULATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; DNA-BINDING; J-COUPLINGS; LIGASE-IV; KINASE; COMPLEX; DYNAMICS; ANTIGEN AB The solution structure of Ku80 CTD from residue 566 to 732 has been solved in order to gain insights into the mechanisms of its interactions with other proteins. The structure reveals a topology similar to several common scaffolds for protein-protein interactions, in the absence of significant sequence similarity to these proteins. Conserved surface amino acid residues are clustered on two main surface areas, which are likely involved in mediating interactions between Ku80 and other proteins. The Ku70/Ku80 heterodimer has been shown to be involved in at least three processes, nonhomologous end joining, transcription, and telomere maintenance, and thus it needs to interact with different proteins involved in these different processes. The three-dimensional structure of the Ku80 C-terminal domain and the availability of NMR chemical shift assignments provide a basis for further investigation of the interactions between Ku80 and other proteins in these Ku-dependent cellular functions. C1 City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Div Immunol, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Grad Sch Biol Sci, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Div Life Sci,DNA Repair & Nucl Org Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, Y (reprint author), City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Div Immunol, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. EM ychen@coh.org RI Cano, Leticia/B-9908-2009 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50519, CA94595] NR 31 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD MAR PY 2004 VL 12 IS 3 BP 495 EP 502 DI 10.1016/j.str.2004.02.007 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 821AB UT WOS:000221430300017 PM 15016365 ER PT J AU Lee, DF Leonard, KJ Heatherly, L Yoo, J List, FA Rutter, N Cook, SW Sathyamurthy, S Paranthaman, M Martin, PM Goyal, A Kroeger, DM AF Lee, DF Leonard, KJ Heatherly, L Yoo, J List, FA Rutter, N Cook, SW Sathyamurthy, S Paranthaman, M Martin, PM Goyal, A Kroeger, DM TI Reel-to-reel ex situ conversion of high critical current density electron-beam co-evaporated BaF2 precursor on RABiTS SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID YBCO COATED CONDUCTORS; BUFFER LAYERS; THIN-FILMS; SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS; LASER DEPOSITION; YBA2CU3O7; TAPES; GROWTH; EVAPORATION; PERFORMANCE AB A reel-to-reel furnace equipped with seven transverse flow modules has been developed to continuously process ex situ BaF2 precursor coated conductors. Experimental results have revealed that as the precursor thickness increases, the processing parameters need to be adjusted in order to obtain high quality YBCO films with J(c)'s greater than 1 MA cm(-2) at 77 K and self-field. For thin precursors, a relatively aggressive conversion environment of high P (H2O) can be used to obtain epitaxial YBCO with an extremely small amount of undesirable random or a-axis grains. Thin 0.3 mum YBCO was converted on a 2.3 m long by 1 cm wide Ni RABiTS substrate, yielding an end-to-end I-c of 18.9 A (J(c) = 0.63 MA cm(-2)). 16 cm sectional measurements showed that the tape performance is uniform, with a mean I-c of 19.1 A (0.64 MA cm(-2)) and a 5.4% Sl). In thick precursors, however, a less aggressive environment in the form of low P (H2O) is better suited for epitaxial YBCO nucleation during the incubation period. By using a low initial P (H2O) with progressively higher values during later stages of conversion, an end-to-end I-c of 92 A (1.02 MA cm(-2)) was obtained in 1.1 m long by 1 cm wide 0.9 mum YBCO on better-textured Ni-W RABiTS. This conductor possesses uniform I-c according to 1 cm sectional measurements with a mean I-c of 94.4 A (1.05 MA cm(-2)) and only 4.3% SD. Further adjustment in the P (H2O) schedule resulted in a 45 cm long sample with end-to-end I-c of 111.8 A (1.24 MA cm(-2)), a mean I-c of 114.8 A (1.28 MA cm(-2)) and 4.8% Sl). The highest I-c of 138 A (1.53 MA cm(-2)) was obtained in a short 0.9 mum YBCO sample on a pre-treated Ni-W RABiTS substrate. C1 Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Div Med Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lee, DF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Div Med Sci, POB 117, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM leedf@ornl.gov RI Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015 OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531 NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3 BP 386 EP 394 AR PII S0953-2048(04)69792-2 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/17/3/016 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 804PR UT WOS:000220311100018 ER PT J AU Rutter, NA Goyal, A Vallet, CE List, FA Lee, DF Heatherly, L Kroeger, DM AF Rutter, NA Goyal, A Vallet, CE List, FA Lee, DF Heatherly, L Kroeger, DM TI Ni overlayers on biaxially textured Ni-alloy and Cu substrates by DC sputtering SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BUFFER LAYER; DEPOSITION; OXIDATION; FILMS AB Use of many Ni-based and Cu-based alloys requires deposition of a Ni overlayer prior to the deposition of the seed layer in order to obtain better epitaxy. In this work, Ni overlayers have been deposited by DC sputtering on biaxially textured NiW and Cu substrates. Films were characterized by x-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy as a function of temperature, film thickness and deposition rate. The optimum temperature range for deposition was found to be around 400-500degreesC, which results in relatively smooth films with a good cube texture on both substrates. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rutter, NA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM nar20@cam.ac.uk NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3 BP 527 EP 531 AR PII S0953-2048(04)62393-1 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/17/3/037 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 804PR UT WOS:000220311100039 ER PT J AU Formanek, F De Wilde, Y Aigouy, L Kwok, WK Paulius, L Chen, Y AF Formanek, F De Wilde, Y Aigouy, L Kwok, WK Paulius, L Chen, Y TI Nanometer-scale probing of optical and thermal near-fields with an apertureless NSOM SO SUPERLATTICES AND MICROSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE near-field optics; visible; infrared; thermic ID MICROSCOPY; PROBES; ANISOTROPY; LIGHT; TIP AB We have used a home-made apertureless near-field scanning optical microscope (ANSOM) for mapping nanometric steps between SiC and gold regions under visible (lambda = 655 nm) and infrared (lambda = 10.6 mum) illumination. The images, obtained with a signal demodulation at the tip oscillation frequency and at higher harmonics, clearly show optical contrasts with a subwavelength resolution of about 30 nm. Other images recorded in the visible on a YBa2Cu3O7 crystal indicate that the tip used in our experiments is able to reveal polarization effects. We also present a near-field thermal optical microscope (NTOM) which operates without any external illumination. In this new kind of microscope, the laser source which is usually used to excite the evanescent waves, is replaced by a simple heating of the sample. The electromagnetic radiation locally scattered by the tip comes from the thermal radiation. Our results with this new technique prove a 200 um lateral resolution. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Paris 06, Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind, CNRS, UPR A0005,Lab Opt Phys, F-75005 Paris, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Chicago, IL 60610 USA. Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. CNRS, Lab Photon & Nanostruct, F-91460 Marcoussis, France. RP Formanek, F (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind, CNRS, UPR A0005,Lab Opt Phys, 10 Rue Vauquelin, F-75005 Paris, France. EM formanek@optique.espci.fr RI Chen, Yong/A-1700-2009; OI De Wilde, Yannick/0000-0002-5973-1460 NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0749-6036 J9 SUPERLATTICE MICROST JI Superlattices Microstruct. PD MAR-JUN PY 2004 VL 35 IS 3-6 BP 315 EP 323 DI 10.1016/j.spmi.2003.10.004 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 854LO UT WOS:000223904800016 ER PT J AU Gorden, AEV Davis, J Sessler, JL Kral, V Keogh, DW Schroeder, NL AF Gorden, AEV Davis, J Sessler, JL Kral, V Keogh, DW Schroeder, NL TI Monoprotonated sapphyrin-pertechnetate anion interactions in aqueous media SO SUPRAMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE pertechnetate anion; sapphyrin; phosphate anion; anion binding; aqueous media ID EXPANDED PORPHYRIN; FLUOROMETRIC-DETERMINATION; NUCLEOTIDE MONOPHOSPHATES; DIPROTONATED SAPPHYRIN; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; ENHANCED TRANSPORT; BINDING AGENTS; FLUORIDE-ION; COMPLEXES; TECHNETIUM AB The addition of aqueous pH 7 solutions of 7.2 x 10(-3) M pertechnetate to dilute aqueous 2.5% MeOH solutions containing a water-solubilized sapphyrin, 3,12,13,22-tetraethyl-8,17-bis[bis(hydroxyethyl)amino)carbonylethyl]-2,7.18,23-tetramethylsapphyrin (1), gives rise to spectroscopic changes in the UV-Vis spectrum of 1 that are consistent with anion-binding and sapphyrin deaggregation. The spectroscopic changes induced by pertechnetate were found to differ dramatically from those induced by the addition of either pure water or dilute nitric acid; however, they were found to parallel those seen when sodium phosphate was added to solutions of 1 under analogous experimental conditions. Fits of the spectroscopic titration data to a 1:1 binding profile revealed that the effective K describing the interaction of pertechnetate anion with 1 was ca. 3900 +/- 300 M-1; this value compares to the effective K of 23000 +/- 3000 M-1 that describes the corresponding interaction of sodium phosphate with 1. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Chem & Biochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Biol Mol & Cellulaire, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Inst Chem Technol, Dept Analyt Chem, Prague 16628 6, Czech Republic. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sessler, JL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Chem & Biochem, 1 Univ Stn A5400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM sessler@mail.utexas.edu RI Gorden, Anne/D-2477-2011 OI Gorden, Anne/0000-0001-6623-9880 NR 52 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1061-0278 J9 SUPRAMOL CHEM JI Supramol. Chem. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 16 IS 2 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1080/10610270310001626464 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 776YK UT WOS:000189146800003 ER PT J AU Keenan, MR Kotula, PG AF Keenan, MR Kotula, PG TI Accounting for Poisson noise in the multivariate analysis of ToF-SIMS spectrum images SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE spectral imaging; principal component analysis; multivariate statistical analysis; Poisson statistics; data weighting ID PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; IDENTIFICATION; RESOLUTION AB Recent years have seen the introduction of many surface characterization instruments and other spectral imaging systems that are capable of generating data in truly prodigious quantities. The challenge faced by the analyst, then, is to extract the essential chemical information from this overwhelming volume of spectral data. Multivariate statistical techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and other forms of factor analysis promise to be among the most important and powerful tools for accomplishing this task. In order to benefit fully from multivariate methods, the nature of the noise specific to each measurement technique must be taken into account. For spectroscopic techniques that rely upon counting particles (photons, electrons, etc.), the observed noise is typically dominated by 'counting statistics' and is Poisson in nature. This implies that the absolute uncertainty in any given data point is not constant, rather, it increases with the number of counts represented by that point. Performing PCA, for instance, directly on the raw data leads to less than satisfactory results in such cases. This paper will present a simple method for weighting the data to account for Poisson noise. Using a simple time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry spectrum image as an example, it will be demonstrated that PCA, when applied to the weighted data, leads to results that are more interpretable, provide greater noise rejection and are more robust than standard PCA. The weighting presented here is also shown to be an optimal approach to scaling data as a pretreatment prior to multivariate statistical analysis. Published in 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Keenan, MR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS0886,POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mrkeena@sandia.gov RI Kotula, Paul/A-7657-2011 OI Kotula, Paul/0000-0002-7521-2759 NR 28 TC 161 Z9 162 U1 1 U2 21 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0142-2421 J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL JI Surf. Interface Anal. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 36 IS 3 BP 203 EP 212 DI 10.1002/sia.1657 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 810UK UT WOS:000220729000001 ER PT J AU Donnet, C Erdemir, A AF Donnet, C Erdemir, A TI Historical developments and new trends in tribological and solid lubricant coatings SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Protective Coatings and Thin Films held at the E-MRS 20th Spring Meeting CY JUN 10-13, 2003 CL Strasbourg, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE solid lubricants; tribological coatings; friction; wear ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; WEAR-RESISTANT COATINGS; DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; HARD COATINGS; THIN-FILMS; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; SLIDING WEAR; RIGID DISKS; FRICTION; NITRIDE AB In recent years, several new solid lubricant and modern lubrication concepts have been developed to achieve better lubricity and longer wear life in demanding tribological applications. Most of the traditional solid lubricants were prepared in the form of metal, ceramic and polymer-matrix composites. They have been used successfully in various engineering applications. Recent progress in thin-film deposition technologies has led to the synthesis of new generations of adaptative, self-lubricating coatings with composite or multilayered architectures, by using duplex/multiplex surface treatments. These modem self-lubricating coatings progressively make their way into the commercial marketplace and meet the ever-increasing performance demands of more severe applications. The present paper reviews our recent understanding of the lubrication mechanisms of both traditional and new solid lubricants, with particular emphasis on solid lubricant methods and practices. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ St Etienne, Lab Traitement Signal & Instrumentat, UMR 5516, F-42000 St Etienne, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Univ St Etienne, Lab Traitement Signal & Instrumentat, UMR 5516, Bat F,10 Rue Barroin, F-42000 St Etienne, France. EM christophe.donnet@univ-st-etienne.fr NR 70 TC 209 Z9 234 U1 10 U2 96 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 180 BP 76 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.10.022 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 813EH UT WOS:000220889900015 ER PT J AU Downes, JE Smith, KE Matsuura, AY Lindau, I Schlueter, JA AF Downes, JE Smith, KE Matsuura, AY Lindau, I Schlueter, JA TI Surface electronic structure of the organic superconductor K-(ET)(2)Cu(NCS)(2) studied via photoemission microscopy SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy; single crystal surfaces; superconducting surfaces; metallic surfaces; insulating surfaces; surface defects; radiation damage ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; BEDT-TTF; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)2CU(NCS)2; KAPPA-(ET)(2)CU(NCS)(2); (BEDT-TTF)2CU(NCS)2; SPECTROSCOPY AB The surface electronic structure of cleaved single crystals of the organic superconductor kappa-(ET)(2)Cu(NCS)(2) has been studied using photoemission microscopy. Two types of cleaved surfaces were observed, displaying different valence band photoemission spectra and different spectral behavior near the Fermi level, EF. In particular, spectra from one surface type display relatively broad spectral features in the valence band and finite spectral intensity at EF, while spectra from the other surface type show well-defined valence band emission features and zero photoemission intensity at EF. We propose that the spectral differences are due to a very short electron mean free path in this material, and our results are used to explain the differences between previously published photoemission spectra from this superconductor. We also report the results of an investigation of the electronic structure of defects in this material. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Lund Univ, Dept Synchrotron Radiat Res, Lund, Sweden. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Smith, KE (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Phys, 590 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM ksmith@bu.edu NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 551 IS 3 BP 219 EP 227 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2003.12.050 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 778RM UT WOS:000189254600008 ER PT J AU Slavov, GT Howe, GT Yakovlev, I Edwards, KJ Krutovskii, KV Tuskan, GA Carlson, JE Strauss, SH Adams, WT AF Slavov, GT Howe, GT Yakovlev, I Edwards, KJ Krutovskii, KV Tuskan, GA Carlson, JE Strauss, SH Adams, WT TI Highly variable SSR markers in Douglas-fir: Mendelian inheritance and map locations SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLING ADAPTIVE TRAITS; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; PATERNITY ANALYSIS; LODGEPOLE PINE; LOCI; IDENTIFICATION; STRATEGIES; PARENTAGE; RAPD AB Twenty-two highly variable SSR markers were developed in Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] from five SSR-enriched genomic libraries. Fifteen PCR primer pairs amplified a single codominant locus, while seven primer pairs occasionally amplified two loci. The Mendelian inheritance of all 22 SSRs was confirmed via segregation analyses in several Douglas-fir families. The mean observed heterozygosity and the mean number of alleles per locus were 0.855 (SE=0.020) and 23 (SE=1.6), respectively. Twenty markers were used in genetic linkage analysis and mapped to ten known linkage groups. Because of their high polymorphism and unambiguous phenotypes, 15 single-locus markers were selected as the most suitable for DNA fingerprinting and parentage analysis. Only three SSRs were sufficient to achieve an average probability of exclusion from paternity of 0.998 in a Douglas-fir seed orchard block consisting of 59 parents. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Norwegian Forest Res Inst Skogforsk, N-1432 As, Norway. Univ Bristol, Funct Genom Grp, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1UG, Avon, England. US Forest Serv, Inst Forest Genet, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Penn State Univ, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Slavov, GT (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Peavy Hall 154, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM gancho.slavov@orst.edu RI Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; Krutovsky, Konstantin/A-5419-2012; OI Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; Krutovsky, Konstantin/0000-0002-8819-7084; Yakovlev, Igor/0000-0002-2731-7433 NR 33 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 108 IS 5 BP 873 EP 880 DI 10.1007/s00122-003-1490-y PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 806HG UT WOS:000220424400013 PM 14625671 ER PT J AU Leontyev, IV Basilevsky, MV Newton, MD AF Leontyev, IV Basilevsky, MV Newton, MD TI Theory and computation of electron transfer reorganization energies with continuum and molecular solvent models SO THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY ACCOUNTS LA English DT Article DE solvation models; electron transfer; reorganization energy ID SOLVATION FREE-ENERGIES; ORDER MULTIPOLAR CHARACTER; CHARGE-TRANSFER REACTIONS; REACTION FIELD-THEORY; POLAR-SOLVENTS; LIQUID WATER; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; POLARIZABLE WATER; QUADRUPOLAR SOLVENTS; EQUILIBRIUM SOLVATION AB Contemporary continuum-based models of solvation in polar media are surveyed and assessed, with special focus on non-equilibrium solvation. A new hybrid approach combining molecular-level treatment of inertial solvent response, and inclusion of inertialess solvent response at the continuum level, is presented and illustrated in terms of calculated equilibrium solvation free energies for small molecular ions and reorganization free energies for model dumbbell systems. C1 Karpov Inst Phys Chem, Moscow 105064, Russia. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Karpov Inst Phys Chem, Ul Vorontsovo Pole 10, Moscow 105064, Russia. EM basil@cc.nifhi.ac.ru RI Leontyev, Igor/B-6981-2013 NR 92 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-881X EI 1432-2234 J9 THEOR CHEM ACC JI Theor. Chem. Acc. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 111 IS 2-6 BP 110 EP 121 DI 10.1007/s00214-003-0546-z PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 806HJ UT WOS:000220424700008 ER PT J AU Trudel, M Geist, DR Welch, DW AF Trudel, M Geist, DR Welch, DW TI Modeling the oxygen consumption rates in pacific salmon and steelhead: An assessment of current models and practices SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; PERCH PERCA-FLAVESCENS; YOUNG SOCKEYE SALMON; JUVENILE COHO SALMON; RAINBOW-TROUT; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; BIOENERGETICS MODEL; CHINOOK SALMON; METABOLIC-RATE; SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS AB Bioenergetic models of fish have been used to study a large number of processes. Like most models, bioenergetic models require the estimation of numerous parameters. As a consequence, they have often relied on parameters borrowed from other species or values extrapolated from other life stages or size-classes. The magnitude of the biases associated with these practices remains largely unknown. The objective of this study was to determine whether or not metabolic rates could be extrapolated between closely related species and life stages. We focused on Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. and steelhead O. mykiss, as the metabolic rates of these species have been well documented. Our analyses showed that models derived from closely related species did not accurately predict the metabolic rates of salmon, indicating that the practice of "species borrowing" should be avoided in assessing fish metabolic rates. Our work also showed that allometric equations of metabolic rates were not stable when measured over small size ranges and that biases could be introduced when these models are extrapolated to smaller or larger fish. In addition, we found that, except for steelhead, published models of Pacific salmon metabolic rates were inaccurate. Mean bias ranged from close to 0% to over 200% depending on size and water temperature, with about two-thirds of the bias values exceeding 20%. These biases could have large impacts on bioenergetic model predictions. Increased funding and scientific recognition of the need for additional basic research will be necessary to build more accurate bioenergetic models for Pacific salmon, especially models applied to the ocean phase of the life cycle. C1 Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Ecol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Trudel, M (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, 3190 Hammond Bay Rd, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada. EM trudelm@pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca RI Trudel, Marc/H-1955-2012 NR 81 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 133 IS 2 BP 326 EP 348 DI 10.1577/02-116 PG 23 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 805LA UT WOS:000220366600008 ER PT J AU Neitzel, DA Dauble, DD Cada, GF Richmond, MC Guensch, GR Mueller, RR Abernethy, CS Amidan, B AF Neitzel, DA Dauble, DD Cada, GF Richmond, MC Guensch, GR Mueller, RR Abernethy, CS Amidan, B TI Survival estimates for juvenile fish subjected to a laboratory-generated shear environment SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and steelhead (anadromous rainbow trout), fall (age-0 and age-1) and spring Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha, and American shad Alosa sapidissima were exposed to shear environments in the laboratory to establish injury-mortality thresholds based on estimates of strain rate. Fish were exposed to a submerged jet having exit velocities of 0 to 21.3 m/s, providing estimated exposure strain rates up to 1,185/s. Turbulence intensity in the area of the jet where fish were subjected to shear was minimal, varying from 3% to 6% of the estimated exposure strain rate. Injuries and mortalities increased for all species of fish at strain rates greater than 495/s. American shad were the most susceptible to injury after being subjected headfirst to a shear environment, while steelhead and rainbow trout were the most resistant. There was no apparent size-related trend in susceptibility to high shear except that age-0 fall Chinook salmon were more resistant to shear environments than age-1 fall Chinook salmon. All groups of test fish exposed headfirst to high-shear environments had higher injury-mortality rates than fish introduced tailfirst at similar strain rates. These results document the relationship between fish injury and a fluid force present at hydroelectric facilities and provide biological specifications for improving fish passage and survival. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Neitzel, DA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM duane.neitzel@pnl.gov RI Richmond, Marshall/D-3915-2013 OI Richmond, Marshall/0000-0003-0111-1485 NR 18 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 133 IS 2 BP 447 EP 454 DI 10.1577/02-021 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 805LA UT WOS:000220366600017 ER PT J AU Silin, D Patzek, T AF Silin, D Patzek, T TI On Barenblatt's model of spontaneous countercurrent imbibition SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article DE non-equilibrium two-phase flow; countercurrent imbibition; asymptotic solution ID POROUS-MEDIA; FLOW AB Water imbibition is a critical mechanism of secondary oil recovery from fractured reservoirs. Spontaneous imbibition also plays a significant role in storage of liquid waste by controlling the extent of rock invasion. In the present paper, we extend a model of countercurrent imbibition based on Barenblatt's theory of non-equilibrium two-phase flow by allowing the model's relaxation time to be a function of the wetting fluid saturation. We obtain two asymptotic self-similar solutions, valid at early and late times, respectively. At a very early stage, the time scale characterizing the cumulative volume of imbibed ( and expelled) fluid is a power function with exponent between 1.5 and 1. At a later stage, the time scaling for this volume approaches asymptotically classical square root of time, whereas the saturation profile asymptotically converges to Ryzhik's self-similar solution. Our conclusions are verified against experiments. By fitting the laboratory data, we estimate the characteristic relaxation times for different pairs of liquids. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Silin, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 20 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-3913 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD MAR PY 2004 VL 54 IS 3 BP 297 EP 322 DI 10.1023/B:TIPM.0000003678.85526.b1 PG 26 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 744JG UT WOS:000186625000004 ER PT J AU Oldenburg, CM Webb, SW Pruess, K Moridis, GJ AF Oldenburg, CM Webb, SW Pruess, K Moridis, GJ TI Mixing of stably stratified gases in subsurface reservoirs: A comparison of diffusion models SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-GAS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; POROUS-MEDIA; SEQUESTRATION; TRANSPORT; RECOVERY; CO2 AB Numerical simulations of the mixing of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) in a gravitationally stable configuration have been carried out using the multicomponent flow and transport simulator TOUGH2/EOS7C. The purpose of the simulations is to compare and test the appropriateness of the advective-diffusive model (ADM) relative to the more accurate dusty-gas model (DGM). The configuration is relevant to carbon sequestration in depleted natural gas reservoirs, where injected CO2 will migrate to low levels of the reservoir by buoyancy flow. Once a gravitationally stable configuration is attained, mixing will continue on a longer time scale by molecular diffusion. However, diffusive mixing of real gas components CO2 and CH4 can give rise to pressure gradients that can induce pressurization and flow that may affect the mixing process. Understanding this coupled response of diffusion and flow to concentration gradients is important for predicting mixing times in stratified gas reservoirs used for carbon sequestration. Motivated by prior studies that have shown that the ADM and DGM deviate from one another in low permeability systems, we have compared the ADM and DGM for the case of permeability equal to 10(-15) m(2) and 10(-18) m(2). At representative reservoir conditions of 40 bar and 40degreesC, gas transport by advection and diffusion using the ADM is slightly overpredicted for permeability equal to 10(-15) m(2), and substantially overpredicted for permeability equal to 10(-18) m(2) compared to DGM predictions. This result suggests that gas reservoirs with permeabilities larger than approximately 10(-15) m(2) can be adequately simulated using the ADM. For simulations of gas transport in the cap rock, or other very low permeability layers, the DGM is recommended. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Environm Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Oldenburg, CM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Oldenburg, Curtis/L-6219-2013 OI Oldenburg, Curtis/0000-0002-0132-6016 NR 22 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-3913 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD MAR PY 2004 VL 54 IS 3 BP 323 EP 334 DI 10.1023/B:TIPM.0000003748.74155.48 PG 12 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 744JG UT WOS:000186625000005 ER PT J AU Wenzel, TP Singer, BC Slott, RR Stedman, DH AF Wenzel, TP Singer, BC Slott, RR Stedman, DH TI Short-term emissions deterioration in the California and Phoenix I/M programs SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE vehicle emissions; inspection/maintenance programs; evaluation; flippers AB An earlier analysis of the inspection and maintenance (I/M) program in Phoenix, Arizona [Environ. Sci. Policy 4 (2001) 377] found that fleet average emissions increased or "deteriorated" substantially between biennial I/M test cycles, and that a large fraction of the vehicles that initially failed and later passed in the first I/M cycle failed again two years later. In this paper we study vehicles that reported for a second I/M cycle well before their required biennial cycle, often because the subject vehicle was about to be sold to a new owner, in the decentralized California ASM program and the centralized Phoenix IM240 program. Because the off-cycle tests occurred at different times after the initial cycle, they allow the analysis of repeat failure rates over the shorter term (less than two years). We found that in California 20% of fall-pass vehicles, and 5% of initial-pass vehicles, failed the initial test of their next I/M cycle occurring within three months of completing the previous cycle; the failure rates were even higher in the centralized Phoenix program. This suggests that highly variable emissions, and not test fraud, were the cause of the large number of vehicles failing so soon after completing a previous I/M cycle. According to a model, as much as 74% of the vehicles that failed their initial test in Phoenix passed a retest because of emissions variability, and not because any repairs were performed. Vehicles with highly variable emissions may not only fail and pass a subsequent retest without repair, but also are likely to fail again if tested shortly thereafter. A large number of these vehicles may explain the apparent rapid increase or "deterioration" in fleet emissions observed in multiple years of I/M test result data. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Denver, Dept Chem & Biochem, Denver, CO 80208 USA. RP Wenzel, TP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Room 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tpwenzel@lbl.gov NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1361-9209 J9 TRANSPORT RES D-TR E JI Transport. Res. Part D-Transport. Environ. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 9 IS 2 BP 107 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.trd.2003.09.001 PG 18 WC Environmental Studies; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Transportation GA 778HP UT WOS:000189233800002 ER PT J AU Noble, RT Leecaster, MK McGee, CD Weisberg, SB Ritter, K AF Noble, RT Leecaster, MK McGee, CD Weisberg, SB Ritter, K TI Comparison of bacterial indicator analysis methods in stormwater-affected coastal waters SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE indicator; bacteria; coliforms; enterococci; membrane filtration; E. coli ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MARINE-ENVIRONMENT; DEFINED SUBSTRATE; TOTAL COLIFORMS; ENUMERATION; ENTEROCOCCI; ENTEROLERT AB Membrane filtration (MF) and multiple tube fermentation (MTF) have been used for decades to measure indicator bacteria levels in beach water samples, but new methods based on chromogenic substrate (CS) technology are becoming increasingly popular. Only a few studies have compared results among these methods and they have generally been based on samples collected from a limited number of sites during dry weather. In this study, samples were collected from 108 sites the day after a major rainstorm, and three indicator bacteria (total coliforms (TCs), fecal coliforms (FCs) or E coli, and enterococci (EC)) were each measured using MF, MTF, and CS. Sampling sites were selected using a stratified random design, stratified by open sandy beach, rocky shoreline, and beach areas near urban runoff outlets. The CS results were found to be highly correlated with both MF and MTF for all three indicators regardless of whether the samples were taken along open shoreline or near a runoff outlet. While correlated, TC values were higher using the CS method, consistent with other studies that have demonstrated false positives with this method. FC values were 12% lower with CS, reflecting the specificity of the CS method for E. coli rather than for the entire FC group. No significant differences were observed for EC, although some differences were observed within specific laboratories. Differences for all of these indicators were small enough that, when assessed categorically, there was more than 90% agreement between CS methods and either MF or MTF methods as to whether State of California Beach Water Quality Standards were met or exceeded. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Orange Cty Sanitat Dist, Fountain Valley, CA 92708 USA. So Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Westminster, CA 92683 USA. RP Noble, RT (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, 3431 Arendell St, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. EM rtnoble@email.unc.edu RI Weisberg, Stephen/B-2477-2008 OI Weisberg, Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425 NR 18 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 38 IS 5 BP 1183 EP 1188 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2003.11.038 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 800EY UT WOS:000220012900012 PM 14975651 ER PT J AU Miller, TC Havrilla, GJ AF Miller, TC Havrilla, GJ TI Nanodroplets: a new method for dried spot preparation and analysis SO X-RAY SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID PICOLITER AB The dried spot technique is an effective method for elemental analysis. However, the current technology, using microliter volume spots, suffers from lack of repeatability and long sample preparation times. In this study, a new nanoliter dried spot sample preparation method was developed and tested. Drying time, drying pattern and detection limits were compared between spots formed from microliter- and nanoliter-sized droplets. This new nanoliter deposition method reproducibly produced uniform spots. The sample throughput was increased significantly with nanoliter droplet drying times ranging from only seconds to minutes. The minimum detectable concentrations for the nanoliter spots were in the ppb range with the ability to detect picogram-level masses. This new sample preparation method has the potential for use in situations where sample availability is limited. Furthermore, nanoliter dried spots are smaller in diameter than the exciting x-ray beam in micro-XRF and conventional XRF instrumentation. This allows faster drying nanoliter droplet microarrays to be used in situations where microliter droplets are primarily used. Published in 2004 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Analyt Chem Sci Grp, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Havrilla, GJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Analyt Chem Sci Grp, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM havrilla@lanl.gov NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0049-8246 J9 X-RAY SPECTROM JI X-Ray Spectrom. PD MAR-APR PY 2004 VL 33 IS 2 BP 101 EP 106 DI 10.1002/xrs.710 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 805UA UT WOS:000220390000002 ER PT J AU Kwak, JH Szanyi, J Peden, CHF AF Kwak, JH Szanyi, J Peden, CHF TI Non-thermal plasma-assisted NOx reduction over alkali and alkaline earth ion exchanged Y, FAU zeolites SO CATALYSIS TODAY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Plasma Technology and Catalysis held at the 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR, 2003 CL New Orleans, LA DE plasma-assisted NOx reduction; alkali and alkaline earth ion exchanged Y, FAU; catalyst preparation AB The catalytic activities of a series of alkali and alkaline earth cation exchanged Y, FAU zeolites were investigated in the non-thermal plasma-assisted NOx reduction reaction using a simulated diesel engine exhaust gas mixture. The catalytic activity of the Y, FAU zeolite showed significant variations with both the nature of the charge compensating cation, and the method of catalyst preparation. Our results show that conventional multiple solution ion exchange is insufficient to prepare the most active catalyst for the given cationic form. The highest NOx conversion level was achieved over a Ba-Y, FAU which was prepared by a multiple ion exchange method, in which each solution ion exchange step was followed by a high temperature calcination. A systematic change in the catalytic activity was observed as a function of the charge density around the charge compensating cation. For both catalyst series (alkali and alkaline earth ion exchanged Y, FAU), the specific activity decreased with increasing electrostatic field around the charge compensating cation. The large difference in the NOx reduction activity at a given e/r ratio. however, may suggest different reaction mechanisms for the two sets of catalysts. Indeed, there is a noticeable difference in the product distribution (selectivity) for the alkali and alkaline earth series of catalysts. Our results also reveal that extreme care must be taken when catalytic activities are compared for seemingly similar materials. We found that two base zeolite materials with identical Si/Al ratios, obtained from the same manufacturer but from different synthesis batches show significantly different catalytic behavior. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Phys Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Peden, CHF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Phys Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chuck.peden@pnl.gov RI Kwak, Ja Hun/J-4894-2014; OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 NR 10 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5861 J9 CATAL TODAY JI Catal. Today PD FEB 29 PY 2004 VL 89 IS 1-2 BP 135 EP 141 DI 10.1016/j.cattod.2003.11.019 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 778BZ UT WOS:000189220400019 ER PT J AU Rappe, KG Hoard, JW Aardahl, CL Park, PW Peden, CHF Tran, DN AF Rappe, KG Hoard, JW Aardahl, CL Park, PW Peden, CHF Tran, DN TI Combination of low and high temperature catalytic materials to obtain broad temperature coverage for plasma-facilitated NOx reduction SO CATALYSIS TODAY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Plasma Technology and Catalysis held at the 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR, 2003 CL New Orleans, LA DE NOx reduction; non-thermal plasma; hydrocarbons; silver-alumina; barium-zeolite Y ID SILVER-ALUMINA CATALYSTS; SODIUM ZEOLITE-Y; SELECTIVE REDUCTION; LEAN NOX; REACTION-MECHANISM; NO(X) REDUCTION; PROPENE; HYDROCARBONS; NITROGEN; ETHANOL AB Two catalysts, Ba/zeolite Y and Ag/gamma-alumina, were combined to reduce NOx in simulated lean exhaust using plasma-facilitated catalysis. Steady-state experiments conducted at 473, 623, and 773 K show that ordering of the catalysts impacts NOx conversion, and maximum efficiency is obtained when the zeolite material precedes the alumina. Optimal ordering results in greater than 80% conversion at 473 K, and efficiencies greater than 95% were obtained at 623 and 773 K under steady operation when propene was added as a reductant at C-1:NOx = 12. Temperature cycling experiments covering the temperature range 373-773 K were used to determine a 'transient' cycle efficiency of 70% for the optimal catalyst configuration. Results of these experiments suggest that preferred ordering likely results in better management of stored NO, when transients to higher temperature occur. Studies also show that improved hydrocarbon utilization is evident in the optimal configuration due to the nature of the partially oxidized hydrocarbons that are formed at various stages of during the plasma-facilitated catalytic NO, reduction process. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Ford Res Lab, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. Caterpillar Inc, Tech Ctr E854, Peoria, IL 61656 USA. RP Rappe, KG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Box 999 MS K6-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA. OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 NR 49 TC 33 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5861 J9 CATAL TODAY JI Catal. Today PD FEB 29 PY 2004 VL 89 IS 1-2 BP 143 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.cattod.2003.11.020 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 778BZ UT WOS:000189220400020 ER PT J AU Zea, HG Chen, CK Lester, K Phillips, A Datye, A Fonseca, I Phillips, J AF Zea, HG Chen, CK Lester, K Phillips, A Datye, A Fonseca, I Phillips, J TI Plasma torch generation of carbon supported metal catalysts SO CATALYSIS TODAY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Plasma Technology and Catalysis held at the 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR, 2003 CL New Orleans, LA DE plasma torch; metal catalysts; hydrogenation reaction ID PALLADIUM-SILVER ALLOYS; PHYSICAL MIXTURES; ACTIVATED CARBON; PARTICLES; CHEMISORPTION; SYNERGISM; SURFACES; SILICA AB Novel plasma torch generated Pd/C, and PdAg/C catalysts were tested for reactivity for two hydrogenation reactions and characterized using a number of techniques. The general conclusion reached was that the metal catalysts created in this fashion were extremely highly dispersed (>50% in some cases) and had concomitantly high activity on a gram basis. The PdAg/C catalysts exceeded the selectivity of PdAg/Al2O3 catalysts for selective hydrogenation of acetylene. The selectivity of Pd/C catalysts for 1-butene isomerization was equal or better than that of catalysts prepared by conventional means, and the activity nearly as high. One surprise was the finding that plasma generated PdAg/C catalysts had no apparent activity for 1-butene isomerization. A second surprise was the finding that the plasma treatment did not increase the crystallinity of the carbon but did result in the loss up to 30% of the surface area. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, ESA, WMM, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Quim, P-2825 Monte De Caparica, Portugal. RP Phillips, J (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, 209 Farris Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM jphillips@lanl.gov RI Phillips, Jonathan/D-3760-2011; Fonseca, Isabel/D-2513-2013; REQUIMTE, CAT/M-4526-2013; REQUIMTE, NSF/N-1636-2013; REQUIMTE, LAQV/N-9835-2013 OI Datye, Abhaya/0000-0002-7126-8659; Fonseca, Isabel/0000-0001-7007-9525; NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5861 J9 CATAL TODAY JI Catal. Today PD FEB 29 PY 2004 VL 89 IS 1-2 BP 237 EP 244 DI 10.1016/j.cattod.2003.11.033 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 778BZ UT WOS:000189220400032 ER PT J AU Roy, CJ Nelson, CC Smith, TM Ober, CC AF Roy, CJ Nelson, CC Smith, TM Ober, CC TI Verification of Euler/Navier-Stokes codes using the method of manufactured solutions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE Euler/Navier-Stokes equations; exact solution; code verification; manufactured solution; benchmarking; order of accuracy ID COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; VALIDATION AB The method of manufactured solutions is used to verify the order of accuracy of two finite-volume Euler and Navier-Stokes codes. The Premo code employs a node-centred approach using unstructured meshes, while the Wind code employs a similar scheme on structured meshes. Both codes use Roe's upwind method with MUSCL extrapolation for the convective terms and central differences for the diffusion terms, thus yielding a numerical scheme that is formally second-order accurate. The method of manufactured solutions is employed to generate exact solutions to the governing Euler and Navier-Stokes equations in two dimensions along with additional source terms. These exact solutions are then used to accurately evaluate the discretization error in the numerical solutions. Through global discretization error analyses, the spatial order of accuracy is observed to be second order for both codes, thus giving a high degree of confidence that the two codes are free from coding mistakes in the options exercised. Examples of coding mistakes discovered using the method are also given. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Arnold Engn Dev Ctr, Arnold AFB, TN 37389 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Roy, CJ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, 211 Aerosp Engn Bldg, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM cjroy@eng.auburn.edu RI Roy, Christopher/C-5427-2013 NR 21 TC 45 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD FEB 28 PY 2004 VL 44 IS 6 BP 599 EP 620 DI 10.1002/fld.660 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 772UQ UT WOS:000188860300002 ER PT J AU Loubere, R Ovadia, J Abgrall, R AF Loubere, R Ovadia, J Abgrall, R TI A Lagrangian Discontinuous Galerkin-type method on unstructured meshes to solve hydrodynamics problems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE Lagrangian method; Discontinuous Galerkin method; remapping; hydrodynamics problem; isentropic compression ID EULER EQUATIONS AB This paper concerns a new Lagrangian Discontinuous Galerkin-type method to solve 2D fluid flows on unstructured meshes. By using a basis of Bernstein polynomials of degree in in each triangle, we define a diffusion process which ensures positivity and stability of the scheme. The discontinuities of the physical variables at the interfaces between cells are solved with an acoustic Riemann solver. A remeshing/remapping process is performed with a particle method: the remapping is locally conservative and its accuracy can be adapted to the accuracy of the numerical method. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab T7, MS B284, Math Modeling & Analysis Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. CEA, CESTA, F-33114 Le Barp, France. Univ Bordeaux 1, Inst Univ Bordeaux, MAB Math Appliquees Bordeaux, F-33650 Talence, France. RP Loubere, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab T7, MS B284, Math Modeling & Analysis Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM loubere@lanl.gov; jean.ovadia@cea.fr; abgrall@math.u-bordeaux.fr RI Abgrall, Remi/J-3030-2012 NR 8 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD FEB 28 PY 2004 VL 44 IS 6 BP 645 EP 663 DI 10.1002/fld.665 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 772UQ UT WOS:000188860300004 ER PT J AU Yoon, SS Heister, SD AF Yoon, SS Heister, SD TI Analytical formulas for the velocity field induced by an infinitely thin vortex ring SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE vortex ring; streamfunction; Biot-Savart law AB Three different analytical solutions are presented for a potential vortex ring using three different stream-functions. Verification studies confirm that all three approaches are valid. It is found that the solution obtained using the Biot-Savart law is the most efficient method due to its simplicity. It is shown that all analytical results are accurate to within machine accuracy and sample calculations are included. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. RP Yoon, SS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ssyoon@sandia.gov; heister@ecn.purdue.edu NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD FEB 28 PY 2004 VL 44 IS 6 BP 665 EP 672 DI 10.1002/fld.666 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 772UQ UT WOS:000188860300005 ER PT J AU McCurdy, CW Martin, F AF McCurdy, CW Martin, F TI Implementation of exterior complex scaling in B-splines to solve atomic and molecular collision problems SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SCATTERING; RESONANCES; HELIUM; PHOTOIONIZATION; EXCITATION; HE; AUTOIONIZATION; IONIZATION; THRESHOLD; SERIES AB B-spline methods are now well established as widely applicable tools for the evaluation of atomic and molecular continuum states. The mathematical technique of exterior complex scaling has been shown, in a variety of other implementations, to be a powerful method with which to solve atomic and molecular scattering problems, because it allows the correct imposition of continuum boundary conditions without their explicit analytic application. In this paper, an implementation of exterior complex scaling in B-splines is described that can bring the well-developed technology of B-splines to bear on new problems, including multiple ionization and breakup problems, in a straightforward way. The approach is demonstrated for examples involving the continuum motion of nuclei in diatomic molecules as well as electronic continua. For problems involving electrons, a method based on Poisson's equation is presented for computing two-electron integrals over B-splines under exterior complex scaling. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Quim C9, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. RP McCurdy, CW (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cwmccurdy@lbl.gov; fernando.martin@uam.es RI Martin, Fernando/C-3972-2014 OI Martin, Fernando/0000-0002-7529-925X NR 41 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 4 BP 917 EP 936 AR PII S0953-4075(04)72100-8 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/37/4/017 PG 20 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 807OR UT WOS:000220511300019 ER PT J AU Ananthanarayan, B Pandita, PN AF Ananthanarayan, B Pandita, PN TI Squark and Slepton masses as probes of supersymmetric SO(10) unification SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE supersymmetry; unification; renormalization group analysis; sum rules ID SYMMETRY-BREAKING PATTERN; GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES; COUPLING-CONSTANTS; PROTON DECAY; MODELS; SUPERGRAVITY; ELECTROWEAK; SPECTRUM AB We carry out an analysis of the non-universal supersymmetry breaking scalar masses arising in SO(10) supersymmetric unification. By considering patterns of squark and slepton masses, we derive a set of sum rules for the sfermion masses which are independent of the manner in which SO(10) breaks to the Standard Model gauge group via its SU(5) subgroups. The phenomenology arising from such non-universality is unaffected by the symmetry breaking pattern, so long as the breaking occurs via any of the SU(5) subgroups of the SO(10) group. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Theoret Studies, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. NE Hill Univ, Dept Phys, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India. RP Ananthanarayan, B (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM anant@cts.iisc.ernet.in NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 28 PY 2004 VL 19 IS 6 BP 467 EP 479 DI 10.1142/S0217732304013210 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 801NF UT WOS:000220101900006 ER PT J AU Murphy, JG Thornton, JA Wooldridge, PJ Day, DA Rosen, RS Cantrell, C Shetter, RE Lefer, B Cohen, RC AF Murphy, JG Thornton, JA Wooldridge, PJ Day, DA Rosen, RS Cantrell, C Shetter, RE Lefer, B Cohen, RC TI Measurements of the sum of HO2NO2 and CH3O2NO2 in the remote troposphere SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE NITROGEN; OZONE PRODUCTION; ALKYL NITRATES; HOX; ABSORPTION; TOPSE; HNO3; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; STRATOSPHERE; PHOTOLYSIS AB The chemistry of peroxynitric acid (HO2NO2) and methyl peroxynitrate (CH3O2NO2) is predicted to be particularly important in the upper troposphere where temperatures are frequently low enough that these compounds do not rapidly decompose. At temperatures below 240 K, we calculate that about 20% of NOy in the mid- and high-latitude upper troposphere is HO2NO2. Under these conditions, the reaction of OH with HO2NO2 is estimated to account for as much as one third of the permanent loss of hydrogen radicals. During the Tropospheric Ozone Production about the Spring Equinox (TOPSE) campaign, we used thermal dissociation laser-induced fluorescence (TD-LIF) to measure the sum of peroxynitrates (SigmaPNsequivalent toHO(2)NO(2)+CH3O2NO2+PAN+PPN+...) aboard the NCAR C-130 research aircraft. We infer the sum of HO2NO2 and CH3O2NO2 as the difference between SigmaPN measurements and gas chromatographic measurements of the two major peroxy acyl nitrates, peroxy acetyl nitrate (PAN) and peroxy propionyl nitrate (PPN). Comparison with NOy and other nitrogen oxide measurements confirms the importance of HO2NO2 and CH3O2NO2 to the reactive nitrogen budget and shows that current thinking about the chemistry of these species is approximately correct. During the spring high latitude conditions sampled during the TOPSE experiment, the model predictions of the contribution of (HO2NO2+CH3O2NO2) to NOy are highly temperature dependent: on average 30% of NOy at 230 K, 15% of NOy at 240 K, and <5% of NOy above 250 K. The temperature dependence of the inferred concentrations corroborates the contribution of overtone photolysis to the photochemistry of peroxynitric acid. A model that includes IR photolysis (J=1x10(-5) s(-1)) agreed with the observed sum of HO2NO2+CH3O2NO2 to better than 35% below 240K where the concentration of these species is largest. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Energy & Environm Technol, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Cohen, RC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cohen@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Cohen, Ronald/A-8842-2011; Murphy, Jennifer/C-2367-2011; Lefer, Barry/B-5417-2012; Thornton, Joel/C-1142-2009 OI Cohen, Ronald/0000-0001-6617-7691; Lefer, Barry/0000-0001-9520-5495; Thornton, Joel/0000-0002-5098-4867 NR 27 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 15 PU EUROPEAN GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI KATLENBURG-LINDAU PA MAX-PLANCK-STR 13, 37191 KATLENBURG-LINDAU, GERMANY SN 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 4 BP 377 EP 384 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 779ZG UT WOS:000189343400001 ER PT J AU Gritti, F Guiochon, G AF Gritti, F Guiochon, G TI Physical origin of peak tailing on C-18-bonded silica in reversed-phase liquid chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE adsorption equilibrium; frontal analysis; peak tailing; affinity energy distribution; silanol activity; column heterogeneity; overloaded band profiles; caffeine; phenol; silica ID FINITE-ELEMENTS; BAND PROFILES; ISOTHERM; SURFACE; COLUMNS C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM guiochon@utk.edu NR 26 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 1028 IS 1 BP 75 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.11.090 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 767XK UT WOS:000188499000004 PM 14969283 ER PT J AU Gritti, F Guiochon, G AF Gritti, F Guiochon, G TI Heterogeneity of the surface energy on unused C-18-chromolith adsorbents in reversed-phase liquid chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE isotherm modeling; column reproducibility; adsorption isotherms; frontal analysis; monolithic columns; affinity energy distribution; band profiles; multi-langmuir isotherm; phenol; caffeine ID FINITE-ELEMENTS; BAND PROFILES; ISOTHERM; PARAMETERS AB Single-component adsorption isotherm data were acquired by frontal analysis (FA) for phenol and caffeine on a new C-18-Chromolith column (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), using a water-rich mobile phase (methanol/water, 15/85, v/v). These data were modeled for best agreement between the experimental data points and the adsorption isotherm model. The adsorption-energy distributions, based on the expectation-maximization (EM) procedure, were also derived and used for the selection of the best isotherm model. The adsorption energy distributions (AEDs) for phenol and caffeine converged toward a trimodal and a quadrimodal distribution, respectively. Energy distributions with more than two modes had not been reported before for the adsorption of these compounds on packed columns. The third high energy mode observed for both phenol and caffeine seems to be specific of the surface of the monolithic column while the first and second low energy modes have the same physical origin as the two modes detected on packed columns. These results suggest significant differences between the structures of the porous silica in these different materials. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM guiochon@utk.edu NR 29 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 1028 IS 1 BP 105 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.11.089 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 767XK UT WOS:000188499000006 PM 14969285 ER PT J AU Gritti, F Guiochon, G AF Gritti, F Guiochon, G TI Band splitting in overloaded isocratic elution chromatography III. Modeling of adsorbate-adsorbate interactions by a two-component extension of a BET kinetic isotherm model SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE adsorption equilibrium; frontal analysis; band splitting; extended BET isotherm; isotherm modeling; competitive isotherm; ethylbenzoate; 4-tert-butylphenol ID PHASE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION-ISOTHERMS; REPRODUCIBILITY; THERMODYNAMICS; REPEATABILITY; PROFILES AB A new two-component competitive adsorption model was derived to account for the competitive adsorption data of mixtures of ethylbenzoate and 4-tert-butylphenol, on a C-18-Kromasil column under RPLC conditions (mobile phase, methanol/water, 62/38, v/v). The derivation is based on kinetic arguments and is an extension to multicomponent systems of the single-component BET isotherm. The model assumes that the molecules of the first compound (A) can adsorb on layers made of molecules of either A or B, while molecules of B can only adsorb on layers made of molecules of A. This makes the competitive isotherm consistent with the single-component isotherms of ethylbenzoate and 4-tert-butylphenol, the multilayer BET and the monolayer Langmuir isotherm models, respectively. The competitive adsorption data were acquired by frontal analysis (FA) with equimolar mixtures of eight different concentrations. For the seven lowest concentrations, these data were derived from the retention times of the shocks of the two compounds and the concentration of the intermediate plateau of the less retained compound. At the highest concentration (25 g/l), the individual band profiles were measured by collecting and analyzing twenty fractions. The low concentration data (C less than or equal to 10 g/l) are well accounted for by the two competitive isotherm models derived previously but these models fail to describe the experimental data of 4-tert-butylphenol at high concentrations. By contrast, the new model predicts very well the experimental adsorption data for mixtures of ethylbenzoate and 4-tert-butylphenol in the whole range of concentration studied. Our results suggest that the adsorption constant of 4-tert-butylphenol onto layers made of ethylbenzoate (b(B,A) = 0.0120 l/g) is intermediate between those of ethylbenzoate on layers made of 4-tert-butylphenol (b(A,B) = 0.0105 l/g) and of ethylbenzoate on itself (b(A,A) = 0.01451/g). This new model should give an improved description of the band splitting observed for 4-tert-butylphenol in the presence of ethylbenzoate. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM guiochon@utk.edu NR 27 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 1028 IS 1 BP 121 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.11.088 PG 17 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 767XK UT WOS:000188499000007 PM 14969286 ER PT J AU Krapivsky, PL Ben-Naim, E Grosse, I AF Krapivsky, PL Ben-Naim, E Grosse, I TI Stable distributions in stochastic fragmentation SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID ENTROPIC SEGMENTATION METHOD; RANDOM MAP MODEL; DNA-SEQUENCES; STATISTICAL PROPERTIES; DISORDERED-SYSTEMS; KAUFFMAN MODEL; GENOME; ADSORPTION; OBJECTS AB We investigate a class of stochastic fragmentation processes involving stable and unstable fragments. We solve analytically for the fragment length density and find that a generic algebraic divergence characterizes its small-size tail. Furthermore, the entire range of acceptable values of decay exponent consistent with length conservation can be realized. We show that the stochastic fragmentation process is non-self-averaging as moments exhibit significant sample-to-sample fluctuations. Additionally, we find that the distributions of the moments and of extremal characteristics possess an infinite set of progressively weaker singularities. C1 Boston Univ, Ctr Polymer Studies, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. RP Krapivsky, PL (reprint author), Boston Univ, Ctr Polymer Studies, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; Krapivsky, Pavel/A-4612-2014 OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304; NR 57 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 8 BP 2863 EP 2880 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/37/8/002 PG 18 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 809KS UT WOS:000220636200004 ER PT J AU Bailey, JE Chandler, GA Slutz, SA Golovkin, I Lake, PW MacFarlane, JJ Mancini, RC Burris-Mog, TJ Cooper, G Leeper, RJ Mehlhorn, TA Moore, TC Nash, TJ Nielsen, DS Ruiz, CL Schroen, DG Varnum, WA AF Bailey, JE Chandler, GA Slutz, SA Golovkin, I Lake, PW MacFarlane, JJ Mancini, RC Burris-Mog, TJ Cooper, G Leeper, RJ Mehlhorn, TA Moore, TC Nash, TJ Nielsen, DS Ruiz, CL Schroen, DG Varnum, WA TI Hot dense capsule-implosion cores produced by Z-pinch dynamic hohlraum radiation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL-CONFINEMENT-FUSION; X-RAY SOURCE; LINE-PROFILES; TEMPERATURE; PLASMAS AB Hot dense capsule implosions driven by Z-pinch x rays have been measured using a similar to220 eV dynamic hohlraum to implode 1.7-2.1 mm diameter gas-filled CH capsules. The capsules absorbed up to similar to20 kJ of x rays. Argon tracer atom spectra were used to measure the T(e)similar to1 keV electron temperature and the n(e)similar to1-4x10(23) cm(-3) electron density. Spectra from multiple directions provide core symmetry estimates. Computer simulations agree well with the peak emission values of T-e, n(e), and symmetry, indicating reasonable understanding of the hohlraum and implosion physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Prism Computat Sci, Madison, WI 53703 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. K Tech Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Schafer Corp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Comforce Tech Serv Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Bailey, JE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 26 TC 76 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 085002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.085002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100024 PM 14995784 ER PT J AU Carr, CW Radousky, HB Rubenchik, AM Feit, MD Demos, SG AF Carr, CW Radousky, HB Rubenchik, AM Feit, MD Demos, SG TI Localized dynamics during laser-induced damage in optical materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SHOCK TEMPERATURES; BREAKDOWN; NANOSECOND; CRYSTALS; SOLIDS; DIELECTRICS; SPECTRUM AB Laser-induced damage in wide band-gap optical materials is the result of material modifications arising from extreme conditions occurring during this process. The material absorbs energy from the laser pulse and produces an ionized region that gives rise to broadband emission. By performing a time-resolved investigation of this emission, we demonstrate both that it is blackbody in nature and that it provides the first direct measurement of the localized temperature of the material during and following laser damage initiation for various optical materials. For excitation using nanosecond laser pulses, the plasma, when confined in the bulk, is in thermal equilibrium with the lattice. These results allow for a detailed characterization of temperature, pressure, and electron densities occurring during laser-induced damage. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis Phys Dept, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Carr, CW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Feit, Michael/A-4480-2009; Carr, Chris/F-7163-2013 NR 29 TC 170 Z9 177 U1 8 U2 38 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 087401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.087401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100052 PM 14995812 ER PT J AU Janotti, A Krcmar, M Fu, CL Reed, RC AF Janotti, A Krcmar, M Fu, CL Reed, RC TI Solute diffusion in metals: Larger atoms can move faster SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLID-SOLUTIONS; NI; NICKEL; FE; INTERDIFFUSION; SYSTEMS; ALLOYS AB First-principles calculations for the diffusion of transition metal solutes in nickel challenge the commonly accepted description of solute diffusion rates in metals. The traditional view is that larger atoms move slower than smaller atoms. Our calculation shows the opposite: larger atoms, in fact, can move much faster than smaller atoms. Conventional mechanisms involving the effect of misfit strain or the solute-vacancy binding interactions cannot explain this counterintuitive diffusion trend. Instead, the origin of this behavior stems from the bonding characteristics of the d electrons of solute atoms, suggesting that a similar diffusion trend also occurs in other types of host lattices. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Janotti, Anderson/F-1773-2011 OI Janotti, Anderson/0000-0001-5028-8338 NR 19 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 5 U2 30 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 085901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.085901 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100033 PM 14995793 ER PT J AU Joglekar, YN Balatsky, AV MacDonald, AH AF Joglekar, YN Balatsky, AV MacDonald, AH TI Noise spectroscopy and interlayer phase coherence in bilayer quantum Hall systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRONG MAGNETIC-FIELDS; ELECTRON-HOLE FLUID; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; TRANSITIONS; RESONANCE; SPIN; SPECTRUM; SILICON; STM AB Bilayer quantum Hall systems develop strong interlayer phase coherence when the distance between layers is comparable to the typical distance between electrons within a layer. The phase-coherent state has until now been investigated primarily via transport measurements. We argue here that interlayer current and charge-imbalance noise studies in these systems will be able to address some of the key experimental questions. We show that the characteristic frequency of current noise is that of the zero wave vector collective mode, which is sensitive to the degree of order in the system. Local electric potential noise measured in a plane above the bilayer system, on the other hand, is sensitive to finite-wave-vector collective modes and, hence, to the soft-magnetoroton picture of the order-disorder phase transition. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Joglekar, YN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 086803 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.086803 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100045 PM 14995805 ER PT J AU Li, W Lucchese, RR Doyuran, A Wu, ZL Loos, H Hall, GE Suits, AG AF Li, W Lucchese, RR Doyuran, A Wu, ZL Loos, H Hall, GE Suits, AG TI Superexcited state dynamics probed with an extreme-ultraviolet free electron laser SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION-PAIR FORMATION; VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET; PRODUCTION SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOELECTRON; MOLECULES; DISSOCIATION; IONIZATION AB We present the first experimental results obtained with a high-gain harmonic generation extreme ultraviolet free electron laser. The experiment probes decay dynamics of superexcited states of methyl fluoride via ion pair imaging spectroscopy. Velocity mapped ion images of the fluoride ion, obtained with excitation via intense, coherent, subpicosecond pulses of 86-89 nm radiation, reveal low translational energy, implying very high internal excitation in the methyl cation cofragment. Angular distributions show changing anisotropy as the excitation energy is tuned through this region. The dynamics underlying the dissociation are discussed with the aid of theoretical calculations. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Chem, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM asuits@chem.wayne.edu RI Hall, Gregory/D-4883-2013 OI Hall, Gregory/0000-0002-8534-9783 NR 26 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 083002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.083002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100009 PM 14995769 ER PT J AU Lorenz, B Litvinchuk, AP Gospodinov, MM Chu, CW AF Lorenz, B Litvinchuk, AP Gospodinov, MM Chu, CW TI Field-induced reentrant novel phase and a ferroelectric-magnetic order coupling in HoMnO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POWDER DIFFRACTION DATA; HEXAGONAL MANGANITES; RMNO3; EVOLUTION; YMNO3 AB A reentrant novel phase is observed in the hexagonal ferroelectric HoMnO3 in the presence of magnetic fields in the temperature range defined by a plateau of the dielectric constant anomaly. The plateau evolves with fields from a narrow dielectric peak at the Mn-spin rotation transition at 32.8 K in zero field. The anomaly appears both as a function of temperature and as a function of magnetic field without detectable hysteresis. This is attributed to the indirect coupling between the ferroelectric (FE) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) orders, arising from an FE-AFM domain wall effect. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, TCSAM, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Lorenz, B (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RI Litvinchuk, Alexander/K-6991-2012 OI Litvinchuk, Alexander/0000-0002-5128-5232 NR 14 TC 161 Z9 163 U1 7 U2 41 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 087204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.087204 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100050 PM 14995810 ER PT J AU Pasternak, MP Milner, AP Rozenberg, GK Taylor, RD Jeanloz, R AF Pasternak, MP Milner, AP Rozenberg, GK Taylor, RD Jeanloz, R TI Pressure induced self-oxidation of Fe(OH)(2) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION AB Mossbauer spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and electrical resistance [R(P,T)] studies in Fe(OH)(2) to 40 GPa revealed an unforeseen process by which a gradual Fe2+ oxidation takes place, starting at similar to8 GPa reaching 70% Fe3+ abundance at 40 GPa. The nonreversible process Fe2+-->Fe3++e(-) occurs with no structural transition. The "ejected" electrons form a deep band within the high-pressure electronic manifold becoming weakly localized at P>50 GPa. This process is attributed to an effective ionization potential created by the pressure induced orientationally deformed (OH) dipoles and the unusual small binding energy of the valence electron in Fe2+(OH)(2). C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geol & Geophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pasternak, MP (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 085506 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.085506 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100031 PM 14995791 ER PT J AU Schekochihin, AA Cowley, SC Taylor, SF Hammett, GW Maron, JL McWilliams, JC AF Schekochihin, AA Cowley, SC Taylor, SF Hammett, GW Maron, JL McWilliams, JC TI Saturated state of the nonlinear small-scale dynamo SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYDROMAGNETIC TURBULENCE; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; SPECTRUM AB We consider the problem of incompressible, forced, nonhelical, homogeneous, and isotropic MHD turbulence with no mean magnetic field and large magnetic Prandtl number. This type of MHD turbulence is the end state of the turbulent dynamo, which generates folded fields with small-scale direction reversals. We propose a model in which saturation is achieved as a result of the velocity statistics becoming anisotropic with respect to the local direction of the magnetic folds. The model combines the effects of weakened stretching and quasi-two-dimensional mixing and produces magnetic-energy spectra in remarkable agreement with numerical results at least in the case of a one-scale flow. We conjecture that the statistics seen in numerical simulations could be explained as a superposition of these folded fields and Alfven-like waves that propagate along the folds. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Plasma Phys Grp, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Schekochihin, AA (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, CMS, DAMTP, Wilberforce Rd, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. EM as629@damtp.cam.ac.uk RI Schekochihin, Alexander/C-2399-2009; Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011 OI Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647 NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 084504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.084504 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100022 PM 14995782 ER PT J AU Siegel, DJ van Schilfgaarde, M Hamilton, JC AF Siegel, DJ van Schilfgaarde, M Hamilton, JC TI Understanding the magnetocatalytic effect: Magnetism as a driving force for surface segregation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CURIE-TEMPERATURE; NICKEL SURFACES; TRANSITION; NI; SOLUBILITY; CATALYSIS; ALLOYS; CARBON; FE; CO AB The magnetocatalytic (or Hedvall) effect refers to a change in the rate of a chemical reaction on a magnetic surface at the Curie point T-C. For Ni catalysts, experiments suggest the effect is related to a sudden increase in segregated surface C, a strong catalytic poison, at temperatures below T-C. However, the connection between magnetism and surface segregation is not understood. Using density functional theory and spin-dynamics simulations, we show that the solubility of C in Ni is significantly reduced in the ferromagnetic state, because C suppresses Ni magnetism and thereby increases the heat of solution. This explains the observed increase in C segregation and the reduced catalytic activity below T-C. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Mail Stop 9161, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM djsiege@sandia.gov RI Siegel, Donald/B-4048-2013 OI Siegel, Donald/0000-0001-7913-2513 NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 086101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.086101 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100034 PM 14995794 ER PT J AU Tsai, P Daya, ZA Morris, SW AF Tsai, P Daya, ZA Morris, SW TI Aspect-ratio dependence of charge transport in turbulent electroconvection SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-BENARD CONVECTION; SUSPENDED FLUID FILM; HEAT-TRANSPORT; THERMAL-CONVECTION; NUMBER CONVECTION; FLOW AB We present measurements of the normalized charge transport or Nusselt number Nu as a function of the aspect ratio Gamma for turbulent convection in an electrically driven film. In analogy with turbulent Rayleigh-Benard convection, we develop the relevant theoretical framework in which we discuss the local power-law scaling of Nu with a dimensionless electrical forcing parameter R. For these experiments where 10(4)less than or similar toRless than or similar to2x10(5) we find that Nusimilar toF(Gamma)R-gamma with either gamma=0.26 (+/-0.02) or gamma=0.20 (+/-0.03), in excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions of gamma=1/4 and 1/5. Our measurements of the aspect-ratio dependence of Nu for 0.3less than or equal toGammaless than or equal to17 compares favorably with the function F(Gamma) from the scaling theory. C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tsai, P (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. RI Tsai, Peichun Amy/A-1425-2011; Morris, Stephen/F-6778-2013 OI Tsai, Peichun Amy/0000-0002-3095-3991; NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 084503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.084503 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100021 PM 14995781 ER PT J AU Valla, T Fedorov, AV Johnson, PD Glans, PA McGuinness, C Smith, KE Andrei, EY Berger, H AF Valla, T Fedorov, AV Johnson, PD Glans, PA McGuinness, C Smith, KE Andrei, EY Berger, H TI Quasiparticle spectra, charge-density waves, superconductivity, and electron-phonon coupling in 2H-NbSe2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; FERMI-SURFACE; LAYER COMPOUNDS; 2H-TASE2; STATE; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; INSTABILITY; SCATTERING; MECHANISM AB High-resolution photoemission has been used to study the electronic structure of the charge-density wave (CDW) and superconducting dichalcogenide, 2H-NbSe2. From the extracted self-energies, important components of the quasiparticle interactions have been identified. In contrast to previously studied TaSe2, the CDW transition does not affect the electronic properties significantly. The electron-phonon coupling is identified as a dominant contribution to the quasiparticle self-energy and is shown to be very anisotropic (k dependent) and much stronger than in TaSe2. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Phys Complex Matter, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. LBNL, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM valla@bnl.gov RI McGuinness, Cormac/C-6808-2008; Glans, Per-Anders/G-8674-2016 OI McGuinness, Cormac/0000-0002-3095-330X; NR 41 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 5 U2 60 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 086401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.086401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100038 PM 14995798 ER PT J AU Wolfer, WG Okita, T Barnett, DM AF Wolfer, WG Okita, T Barnett, DM TI Motion and rotation of small glissile dislocation loops in stress fields SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC ENERGIES; DEFECT CLUSTERS AB We derive here for the first time the equations that describe the combined motion and rotation of small prismatic dislocation loops in stress fields. When the applied torque is balanced by the self-torque of the loop, we show how the solution can be obtained for the loop orientation, and how this orientation affects the glide force on the loop. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Wolfer, WG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 085507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.085507 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100032 PM 14995792 ER PT J AU Yu, W Zamborszky, F Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Torelli, ME Fisk, Z Brown, SE AF Yu, W Zamborszky, F Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Torelli, ME Fisk, Z Brown, SE TI Phase inhomogeneity of the itinerant ferromagnet MnSi at high pressures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RELAXATION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRON; NMR; TRANSITIONS; RESONANCE; SYSTEMS; POINTS; METAL; STATE AB The pressure induced quantum phase transition of the weakly ferromagnetic metal MnSi is studied using zero-field Si-29 NMR spectroscopy and relaxation. Below P*approximate to1.2 GPa, the intensity of the signal and the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation are independent of pressure, even though the amplitude of the magnetization drops by 20% from the ambient-pressure amplitude. For P>P*, the decreasing intensity within the experimentally detectable bandwidth signals the onset of an inhomogeneous phase that persists to the highest pressure measured, Pgreater than or equal to1.75 GPa, which is well beyond the known critical pressure P-c=1.46 GPa. Implications for the non-Fermi liquid behavior observed for P>P-c are discussed. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Yu, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Yu, Weiqiang/E-9722-2012 NR 34 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 4 U2 17 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 086403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.086403 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100040 PM 14995800 ER PT J AU Zhang, SB Wei, SH AF Zhang, SB Wei, SH TI Surface energy and the common dangling bond rule for semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 2X2 RECONSTRUCTIONS; POLAR SURFACES; GAAS; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; EQUILIBRIUM; METHODOLOGY; GAAS(001); STABILITY; DENSITY; MODEL AB Equilibrium shape and surface energies are among the most basic properties of finite crystals. Yet, an effective approach for accurately calculating individual energy for polar semiconductor surfaces is still lacking, and there is not a general rule regarding surface energies of different orientations. Here, we suggest a wedge-shaped geometry for calculating individual surface energies by direct, first-principles methods. Applications to prototypical semiconductors, Ge, GaAs, and ZnSe, establish a surprisingly simple common dangling bond rule relating surface energies to local chemical similarities. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 22 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 34 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 8 AR 086102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.086102 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 778XF UT WOS:000189266100035 PM 14995795 ER PT J AU Perrin, MD Graham, JR Kalas, P Lloyd, JP Max, CE Gavel, DT Pennington, DM Gates, EL AF Perrin, MD Graham, JR Kalas, P Lloyd, JP Max, CE Gavel, DT Pennington, DM Gates, EL TI Laser guide star adaptive optics imaging polarimetry of herbig Ae/Be stars SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INTERMEDIATE-MASS STARS; 2-DIMENSIONAL RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; LKH-ALPHA 198; PROTOSTELLAR ENVELOPES; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; SODIUM-LAYER; DISK; DUST; LKH-ALPHA-198 AB We have used laser guide star adaptive optics and a near-infrared dual-channel imaging polarimeter to observe light scattered in the circumstellar environment of Herbig Ae/Be stars on scales of 100 to 300 astronomical units. We revealed a strongly polarized, biconical nebula 10 arc seconds ( 6000 astronomical units) in diameter around the star LkHalpha 198 and also observed a polarized jet-like feature associated with the deeply embedded source LkHalpha 198-IR. The star LkHalpha 233 presents a narrow, unpolarized dark lane consistent with an optically thick circumstellar disk blocking our direct view of the star. These data show that the lower-mass T Tauri and intermediate mass Herbig Ae/Be stars share a common evolutionary sequence. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Natl Sci Fdn, Ctr Adapt Opt, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Lab Adapt Opt, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Calif Observ, Lick Observ, Mt Hamilton, CA 95140 USA. RP Perrin, MD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mperrin@astro.berkeley.edu OI Max, Claire/0000-0003-0682-5436 NR 31 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 303 IS 5662 BP 1345 EP 1348 DI 10.1126/science.1094602 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 778JN UT WOS:000189238600044 PM 14988558 ER PT J AU Floss, C Stadermann, FJ Bradley, J Dai, ZR Bajt, S Graham, G AF Floss, C Stadermann, FJ Bradley, J Dai, ZR Bajt, S Graham, G TI Carbon and nitrogen isotopic anomalies in an anhydrous interplanetary dust particle SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DENSE INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; MACROMOLECULAR ORGANIC-MATTER; FRACTIONATION; PRESOLAR; ORIGIN; COMETS; IDENTIFICATION; ABUNDANCES; CHEMISTRY; GRAINS AB Because hydrogen and nitrogen isotopic anomalies in interplanetary dust particles have been associated with carbonaceous material, the lack of similar anomalies in carbon has been a major conundrum. We report here the presence of a C-13 depletion associated with a N-15 enrichment in an anhydrous interplanetary dust particle. Our observations suggest that the anomalies are carried by heteroatomic organic compounds. Theoretical models indicate that low-temperature formation of organic compounds in cold interstellar molecular clouds can produce carbon and nitrogen fractionations, but it remains to be seen whether the specific effects observed here can be reproduced. C1 Washington Univ, Space Sci Lab, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Floss, C (reprint author), Washington Univ, Space Sci Lab, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM floss@wustl.edu RI Dai, Zurong/E-6732-2010; Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010 NR 33 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 303 IS 5662 BP 1355 EP 1358 DI 10.1126/science.1093283 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 778JN UT WOS:000189238600047 PM 14988560 ER PT J AU Chen, CH Xie, S Sperling, E Yang, AS Henriksen, G Amine, K AF Chen, CH Xie, S Sperling, E Yang, AS Henriksen, G Amine, K TI Stable lithium-ion conducting perovskite lithium-strontium-tantalum-zirconium-oxide system SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE solid electrolyte; lithium-ion conductor; perovskite; electrochemical stability; rechargeable batteries ID ELECTROLYTE; FILM; INSERTION; BATTERIES; TITANATE; LI AB High lithium-ion conductivity, especially at room temperature, and chemical stability against reducing lithiated negative electrodes are two main requirements for a solid electrolyte in an all solid-state lithium battery. Perovskite-type materials ABO(3) in which A = La, Li and B = Ti exhibit high lithium ion conductivities, with a bulk conductivity of 1.2 mS/cm at 30 degreesC and an apparent grain-boundary conductivity of 0.03 mS/cm; this solid electrolyte is only stable above 1.6 V (vs. Lidegrees) because Ti(IV) can be reduced to Ti(III) below this voltage. In this study, we investigated a highly conducting perovskite-type Li-Sr-Ta-Zr-O structure, in which the A and B cations of SrZrO3 are partially substituted by Li and Ta, respectively. Four compositions were selected and synthesized to find an optimal composition. Sintering temperatures between 1200 and 1400 degreesC were used to determine the optimum synthesis conditions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the crystalline phases within the sintered products. The lithium-ion conductivity of these materials was measured by AC impedance spectroscopy. The sample with optimized composition, Li(3/8)Sr(7/16)Ta(3/4)ZT(1/4)O(3), exhibited a bulk lithium-ion conductivity of 0.2 mS/cm at 30 degreesC and an apparent grain-boundary conductivity of 0.13 mS/cm. This solid electrolyte was found to be stable above 1.0 V against metallic lithium. Below 1.0 V, about 0.08 mol lithium can be inserted irreversibly per mol of Li3/8Sr7/16Ta3/4Zr3/4O3. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Anhui 230026, Hefei, Peoples R China. Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chen, CH (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Anhui 230026, Hefei, Peoples R China. EM cchchen@ustc.edu.cn RI Chen, Chunhua/F-5897-2010; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013 NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 167 IS 3-4 BP 263 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.01.008 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 817QF UT WOS:000221191300007 ER PT J AU Lambregts, MJ Frank, S AF Lambregts, MJ Frank, S TI Application of Vegard's law to mixed cation sodalites: a simple method for determining the stoichiometry SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE Vegard's law; crystal lattice; sodalites ID ALUMINOSILICATE-SODALITES; NMR AB Vegard's law describes the empirical relationship between the crystal lattice parameter of a mixture and its components. This relationship holds for some sodalites, in particular those containing mixtures of Li, K and Na as the charge balancing cations. By utilizing previously published lattice parameters for Li/Na and K/Na mixed cation chloride sodalites, linear curves were drawn allowing the composition of the mixed cation sodalites to be determined from their lattice parameters. Further, by mathematical addition of the curves for Li/Na and K/Na mixed cation chloride socialites, a linear curve was developed and tested for the mixed tri-cation Li/Na/K chloride sodalites. This provides a simple way to monitor the composition of mixed cation sodalites and has an application in monitoring the composition of multi-phase materials where the sodalite phase cannot be easily separated for elemental analysis. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Analyt Chem Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. RP Lambregts, MJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Analyt Chem Lab, POB 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. EM marsha.lambregts@anlw.anl.gov RI Bala, Marsha/I-4459-2016; Frank, Steven/B-9046-2017 OI Bala, Marsha/0000-0002-7936-416X; Frank, Steven/0000-0001-8259-6722 NR 19 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD FEB 27 PY 2004 VL 62 IS 3 BP 627 EP 630 DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2003.09.007 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 770CL UT WOS:000188705600025 PM 18969339 ER PT J AU Bill, M Conrad, ME Goldstein, AH AF Bill, M Conrad, ME Goldstein, AH TI Stable carbon isotope composition of atmospheric methyl bromide SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FRACTIONATION; CH3BR AB Methyl bromide (CH3Br) constitutes the largest source of bromine atoms to the stratosphere and plays an important role in stratospheric ozone depletion. However, the CH3Br atmospheric budget remains uncertain. We report the first measurements of stable carbon isotope ratios for atmospheric CH3Br and explore the constraints they provide for the atmospheric budget. The measured delta(13)C of CH3Br ranged from - 44.8parts per thousand to - 41.2parts per thousand ( mean value - 43.1parts per thousand, N = 7). This isotopic value is less negative than the anthropogenic source signature ( - 53.2 to - 47.5parts per thousand), but is indistinguishable from the only quantified natural source signature ( - 43.0parts per thousand). Based on known source signatures and our atmospheric measurements, we predict that the mean kinetic isotope effect associated with sinks must be small ( 2 - 4parts per thousand). We further estimate that a total phaseout of anthropogenic sources would likely change the isotopic composition of atmospheric CH3Br by 2 - 4parts per thousand, and that this change would be difficult to detect with current measurement techniques. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bill, M (reprint author), Off Eaux & Protect Nat, Les Champs Fallats, St Ursanne, Switzerland. EM mbill@nature.berkeley.edu; msconrad@lbl.gov; ahg@nature.berkeley.edu RI Conrad, Mark/G-2767-2010; Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011; Bill, Markus/D-8478-2013 OI Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896; Bill, Markus/0000-0001-7002-2174 NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 4 AR L04109 DI 10.1029/2003GL018639 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 803EZ UT WOS:000220215700001 ER PT J AU Birn, J Schindler, K Hesse, M AF Birn, J Schindler, K Hesse, M TI Thin electron current sheets and their relation to auroral potentials SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE thin current sheets; Vlasov equilibrium; auroral potentials ID BIFURCATED CURRENT SHEET; BURSTY BULK FLOWS; PLASMA SHEET; MAGNETOTAIL; CONFIGURATIONS AB [1] Using the two-dimensional, steady-state Vlasov theory derived in a previous paper, we further investigate properties of thin current sheets that result from exact particle motion. The self-consistent quasi-neutral structure of thin current sheets generally requires the presence of an electric potential, which is constant along field lines. We establish that potential differences of up to the ion thermal potential kT(i)/e may be present when the current sheet thickness becomes comparable to or smaller than a typical ion Larmor radius. We further explore the possible association of thin current sheets with the perpendicular electric fields that are part of the U-shaped potential structures above auroral arcs. For sufficiently small scales, the converging perpendicular electric field corresponds to two oppositely directed thin Hall current sheets. We construct such double current sheet models and confirm that they result in potentials with the postulated shape and, for sufficiently small scales, in substantial potential differences ( in fractions of the ion thermal potential kT(i)/e). The formation of such double current sheets, found recently in simulations of an earthward collapsing entropy-depleted magnetic flux tube ("bubble''), may provide a further link between bursty bulk flows, bubbles, and auroral features. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys 4, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Birn, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jbirn@lanl.gov; ks@tp4.ruhr-uni-bochum.de; hesse@gsfc.nasa.gov RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012 NR 22 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 26 PY 2004 VL 109 IS A2 AR A02217 DI 10.1029/2003JA010303 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 803GE UT WOS:000220218800004 ER PT J AU Annis, BK Badyal, YS Simonson, JM AF Annis, BK Badyal, YS Simonson, JM TI Neutron-scattering determination of the Li+ environment in an aqueous poly(ethylene oxide) solution SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; ELECTROLYTE; DIFFRACTION; HYDRATION; WATER; ION AB Neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution was used to assess the relative solvation interactions near lithium ions in a D2O/deuterated poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) mixed solvent near 25degreesC. Results for local structure near Li+ indicate a hydration structure very similar to that observed previously for Li+ in D2O solution with no added polymer. For the mixed solvent ratio used, PEO does not compete effectively with D2O for solvation sites near Li+. These results contribute to our understanding of reactivity and transport of ionic species in mixed aqueous polymer systems. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Annis, BK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM annisbk@ornl.gov NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 26 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 8 BP 2554 EP 2556 DI 10.1021/jp0308155 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 777AP UT WOS:000189152000009 ER PT J AU Vergara, A Annunziata, O Paduano, L Miller, DG Albright, JG Sartorio, R AF Vergara, A Annunziata, O Paduano, L Miller, DG Albright, JG Sartorio, R TI Multicomponent diffusion in crowded solutions. 2. Mutual diffusion in the ternary system tetra(ethylene glycol)-NaCl-water SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ETHYLENE-GLYCOL OLIGOMERS; PROTEIN CRYSTAL-GROWTH; ISOTHERMAL DIFFUSION; LYSOZYME CHLORIDE; ELECTROLYTE DIFFUSION; BINARY ELECTROLYTE; THERMODYNAMIC DATA; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; MIXED-SOLVENTS AB Multicomponent diffusion properties for the tetra(ethylene glycol) (PEG4)-sodium chloride-water ternary system are investigated at constant salt concentration (0.5 mol dm(-3)) and a wide range of PEG4 concentration approaching 3.0 mol dm(-3) (60% volume fraction). Cross-velocity correlation (counterflows) for any pair of components in this ternary system is determined. Comparison between the exact multicomponent approach and the pseudobinary approximation, which is based on the assumption that the PEG4-water mixed solvent can be treated as one component, shows how the latter approach is misleading in describing the electrolyte diffusion properties in mixed solvents. Our results show strong coupling between the fluxes of NaCl and PEG4, which is attributed to the NaCl-PEG4 nonpreferential interactions in water. Moreover, the behavior of the NaCl and PEG4 chemical potentials as a function of the system composition can be quantitatively extracted from our diffusion measurements with the help of some interesting observations about the viscosity and conductivity properties of the system. C1 Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Chim, I-80126 Naples, Italy. MIT, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Texas Christian Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA. RP Sartorio, R (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Chim, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy. OI PADUANO, Luigi/0000-0002-1105-4237; Vergara, Alessandro/0000-0003-4135-0245 NR 50 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 26 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 8 BP 2764 EP 2772 DI 10.1021/jp036219s PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 777AP UT WOS:000189152000040 ER PT J AU Wassom, JS Sankaranarayanan, K AF Wassom, JS Sankaranarayanan, K TI The life and scientific legacy of William L. Russell (1910-2003) - Obituary SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Toxicogenet, Sylvius Labs, NL-2333 AL Leiden, Netherlands. RP Wassom, JS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1060 Commerce Pk, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM wassomjs@ornl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD FEB 26 PY 2004 VL 546 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.11.002 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 772JL UT WOS:000188838800001 ER PT J AU Hang, B Chenna, A Guliaev, AB Singer, B AF Hang, B Chenna, A Guliaev, AB Singer, B TI Miscoding properties of 1,N-6-ethanoadenine, a DNA adduct derived from reaction with the antitumor agent 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (vol 531, pg 191, 2003) SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Correction C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Singer, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Bo_Hang@lbl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD FEB 26 PY 2004 VL 546 IS 1-2 BP 105 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.12.001 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 772JL UT WOS:000188838800013 ER PT J AU Movshovich, R Bianchi, A Capan, C Jaime, M Goodrich, RG AF Movshovich, R Bianchi, A Capan, C Jaime, M Goodrich, RG TI Electron-spin domains - Magnetic enhancement of superconductivity SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material ID STATE; FIELD C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Forschungszentrum Rossendorf EV, Hochfeld Lab Dresden, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Movshovich, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM roman@lanl.gov RI Jaime, Marcelo/F-3791-2015; Bianchi, Andrea/E-9779-2010 OI Jaime, Marcelo/0000-0001-5360-5220; Bianchi, Andrea/0000-0001-9340-6971 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 26 PY 2004 VL 427 IS 6977 BP 802 EP 802 DI 10.1038/427802a PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 777WU UT WOS:000189207500028 PM 14985750 ER PT J AU Eller, PG Kissane, RJ Abney, KD Avens, LR Kinkead, SA Hanrahan, RJ AF Eller, PG Kissane, RJ Abney, KD Avens, LR Kinkead, SA Hanrahan, RJ TI Metal corrosion studies with the fluorosulphonic acid-antimony pentafluoride superacid system SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE actinide alloys; nuclear reactor materials; corrosion ID HYDROGEN-FLUORIDE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; URANIUM; ADDUCTS AB Because of their rapid dissolution of many actinide metals and refractory oxides, superacids such as HSO3F/SbF5 have potential applications in actinide processing. However, material compatibility must first be addressed because of the highly corrosive nature of superacids. This paper describes the qualitative rates of attack of fluorosulphonic acid-antimony pentafluoride superacid on a variety of metal substrates relevant to nuclear processing. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Safety & Hlth Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dynam Expt Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Hanrahan, RJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MST-6, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hanrahan@lanl.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD FEB 25 PY 2004 VL 365 IS 1-2 BP 134 EP 137 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(03)00646-7 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 766HM UT WOS:000188370800027 ER PT J AU Bingert, JF Hanrahan, RJ Field, RD Dickerson, PL AF Bingert, JF Hanrahan, RJ Field, RD Dickerson, PL TI Microtextural investigation of hydrided alpha-uranium SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE actinide alloys; metal hydrides; gas-solid reactions; microstructure ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; NUCLEATION; GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; SURFACES; TEXTURE; SLIP; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOYS AB The local orientation features in as-cast alpha-uranium were investigated in order to ascertain the influence of texture and heterogeneity in the microstructure on hydride initiation and growth. Several samples were interrogated via automated electron back-scattered diffraction measurements in the post-hydride state. Characterization included orientation mapping, deformation twin identification, and grain boundary analysis. It was found that preferential hydride initiation sites were associated with general high-angle grain boundaries, low-angle boundaries, and twin boundaries of two systems. Linear segregation or precipitation features suggest the existence of unresolved twins that could be correlated with many of the remaining hydrides. The tendency of certain orientations to exhibit differing hydride potentials based on atomic density in the habit plane was also considered. The results suggest the dominant role of enhanced sub-surface hydrogen diffusion at misoriented regions in controlling hydride nucleation and growth. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Met Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hanrahan, RJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Met Grp, MST-6, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bingert@lanl.gov NR 28 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD FEB 25 PY 2004 VL 365 IS 1-2 BP 138 EP 148 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(03)00647-9 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 766HM UT WOS:000188370800028 ER PT J AU Soden, BJ Turner, DD Lesht, BM Miloshevich, LM AF Soden, BJ Turner, DD Lesht, BM Miloshevich, LM TI An analysis of satellite, radiosonde, and lidar observations of upper tropospheric water vapor from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE upper tropospheric water vapor; radiation; remote sensing ID INTENSIVE OBSERVATION PERIODS; RAMAN LIDAR; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY; RETRIEVALS; AEROSOLS; WORKSHOP; CLIMATE; CHANNEL AB [1] To improve our understanding of the distribution and radiative effects of water vapor, the U. S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program has conducted a series of coordinated water vapor Intensive Observation Periods (IOPs). This study uses observations collected from four ARM IOPs to accomplish two goals: First we compare radiosonde and Raman lidar observations of upper tropospheric water vapor with colocated geostationary satellite radiances at 6.7 mum. During all four IOPs we find excellent agreement between the satellite and Raman lidar observations of upper tropospheric humidity with systematic differences of - 10%. In contrast, radiosondes equipped with Vaisala sensors are shown to be systematically drier in the upper troposphere by -40% relative to both the lidar and satellite measurements. Second, we assess the performance of various "correction'' strategies designed to rectify known deficiencies in the radiosonde measurements. It is shown that existing methods for correcting the radiosonde dry bias, while effective in the lower troposphere, offer little improvement in the upper troposphere. An alternative method based on variational assimilation of satellite radiances is presented and, when applied to the radiosonde measurements, is shown to significantly improve their agreement with coincident Raman lidar observations. It is suggested that a similar strategy could be used to improve the quality of the global historical record of radiosonde water vapor observations during the satellite era. C1 NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satelitte Studies, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Soden, BJ (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, POB 308, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA. EM bjs@gfdl.gov; dturner@ssec.wisc.edu; bmlesht@anl.gov; milo@oak.mmm.ucar.edu NR 47 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 25 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D4 AR D04105 DI 10.1029/2003JD003828 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 803FI UT WOS:000220216600002 ER PT J AU Banerjee, S Wong, SS AF Banerjee, S Wong, SS TI Selective metallic tube reactivity in the solution-phase osmylation of single-walled carbon nanotubes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SOCCER-BALL FRAMEWORK; CHARGE-TRANSFER; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; OSMIUM TETRAOXIDE; QUANTUM DOTS; FUNCTIONALIZATION; CHEMISTRY; SCATTERING AB Single-walled carbon nanotubes have been reacted with osmium tetroxide (OsO4) in solution in the presence of O-2 and UV irradiation at 254 nm. We observe one main structural motif, namely thickly coated nanotube structures, densely covered with OsO2, consisting of multiple bundles of derivatized tubes. In a few instances, bridging uncoated tubes, connecting these thickly coated structures, incorporate a number of smaller nanotube bundles, projecting out from the larger functionalized aggregates of tubes. It is believed that OsO2 (a) initially forms on the nanotubes by the preferential covalent sidewall functionalization of metallic nanotubes and (b) subsequently self-aggregates. The formation of an intermediate charge-transfer complex is likely the basis for the observed selectivity and reactivity of metallic tubes. Extensive characterization of these osmylated adducts has been performed using a variety of electron microscopy and optical spectroscopy techniques. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Mat & Chem Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wong, SS (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM sswong@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 66 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 25 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 7 BP 2073 EP 2081 DI 10.1021/ja038111w PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 776BY UT WOS:000189096200032 PM 14971942 ER PT J AU Birn, J Dorelli, JC Hesse, M Schindler, K AF Birn, J Dorelli, JC Hesse, M Schindler, K TI Thin current sheets and loss of equilibrium: Three-dimensional theory and simulations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE thin current sheets; substorm growth phase; substorm onset; catastrophe ID NEAR-EARTH MAGNETOTAIL; GROWTH-PHASE; MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS; PLASMA SHEET; TAIL; DISRUPTION; MECHANISM; DYNAMICS; ONSET; FIELD AB [1] Using quasi-static equilibrium theory and three-dimensional MHD simulations, we confirm earlier two-dimensional results that finite boundary deformations of magnetotail equilibria can lead to large local current density enhancements, that is, the formation of thin current sheets. Equilibrium configurations that satisfy flux, entropy, and topology conservation cease to exist when the boundary deformations exceed critical limits. This provides a strong argument for onset of instability or the loss of equilibrium, regardless of the dissipation mechanism. Catastrophe points can be reached for relatively modest perturbations of the boundary. The most important internal property that influences the critical limit is the variation of the lobe magnetic field strength with distance from the Earth, related to the overall tail flaring. Stronger flaring, corresponding to a more rapid decrease of the lobe field with distance downtail, tends to stabilize the tail. That means such configurations require stronger perturbations to reach the critical limit or show less significant thinning and current density intensification for a given perturbation. Due to the nonlinearity of the tail response to the perturbations, the current intensification tends to be more localized than the perturbation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys 4, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. RP Birn, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jbirn@lanl.gov; john.dorelli@unh.edu; hesse@gsfc.nasa.gov; ks@tp4.ruhr-uni.bochum.de RI Dorelli, John/C-9488-2012; Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012 NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 24 PY 2004 VL 109 IS A2 AR A02215 DI 10.1029/2003JA010275 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 803GC UT WOS:000220218600005 ER PT J AU Ash, BJ Siegel, RW Schadler, LS AF Ash, BJ Siegel, RW Schadler, LS TI Mechanical behavior of alumina/poly(methyl methacrylate) nanocomposites SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLYESTER COPOLYMER GLASSES; RUBBER-TOUGHENED POLYMERS; FILLED EPOXY COMPOSITES; HIGH-IMPACT POLYSTYRENE; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; SECONDARY RELAXATION; AMORPHOUS POLYMERS; SILICA PARTICLES; SURFACE AB Alumina/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposites were synthesized using 38 and 17 nm alumina nanoparticles. At an optimum weight fraction, the resulting nanocomposites display a room-temperature brittle-to-ductile transition in uniaxial tension with an increase in the strain-to-failure that averages 40% strain and the appearance of a well-defined yield point in uniaxial tension. Concurrently, the glass transition temperature (T-g) of the nanocomposites drops by more than 20 degreesC. The brittle-to-ductile transition is found to depend on poor interfacial adhesion between polymer and nanoparticle. This allows the nucleation of voids, typically by larger particles (similar to100 nm), which subsequently expand during loading. This void formation suppresses craze formation and promotes delocalized shear yielding. In addition, the reduction in T-g shrinks the shear yield envelope, further promoting this type of yield behavior. The brittle-to-ductile phenomenon is found to require both larger particles for void growth and smaller particles that induce the lowering of yield stress. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Rensselaer Nanotechnol Ctr, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Ash, BJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM bjash@sandia.gov RI USAXS, APS/D-4198-2013 NR 55 TC 160 Z9 163 U1 5 U2 76 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD FEB 24 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1358 EP 1369 DI 10.1021/ma0354400 PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 776AA UT WOS:000189091800027 ER PT J AU Terrones, G Pearlstein, AJ AF Terrones, G Pearlstein, AJ TI Diffusion-induced nonuniformity of photoinitiation in a photobleaching medium SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID LASER-LIGHT SOURCE; NONISOTHERMAL PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION; INDUSTRIAL PHOTOCHEMISTRY; OPTICAL ATTENUATION; MASS-TRANSFER; PROCESS MODEL; DRUG-RELEASE; POLYMERIZATION; KINETICS; INITIATION AB Absorption of incident light in photopolymerizations gives rise to instantaneous distributions of initiator concentration and initiation rate that are nonuniform along the beam path. Absent diffusion, however, the time-integrated production of primary radicals is uniform if the initial initiator concentration is uniform and all initiator is consumed, since each initiator molecule is photolyzed in place. Here, we consider the effects of diffusion of a photobleaching initiator for finite values of the ratio of the diffusive time scale l(2)/D to the reaction time scale 1/(phiI(o)alpha(A)), where l and I-o are the layer thickness and incident light intensity at the optical entrance, and D and alpha(A) are the diffusion coefficient and molar absorption coefficient of photoinitiator, respectively, whose quantum yield of consumption is phi. Compared to the limiting case in which diffusion is negligible, diffusion has the effect of shifting the instantaneous initiation rate profiles forward in the layer, where initiator is relatively depleted. On the other hand, for any nonzero initial absorbance, the overall (i.e., time-integrated) consumption of initiator becomes more nonuniform as the ratio of the rates of diffusion and reaction, expressed in the dimensionless ratio delta = D/(l(2)phiI(o)alpha(A)), increases. When diffusion is fast (large delta), the front-to-back difference in the time-integrated primary radical production varies quadratically with the initial concentration of initiator. Implications of the results for conversion of monomer and for chain-length distributions are discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Terrones, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Phys Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Pearlstein, Arne/0000-0002-7044-5537 NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD FEB 24 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1565 EP 1575 DI 10.1021/ma030451e PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 776AA UT WOS:000189091800051 ER PT J AU Jaramillo, RA Lusk, MT Mataya, MC AF Jaramillo, RA Lusk, MT Mataya, MC TI Dimensional anisotropy during phase transformations in a chemically banded 5140 steel. Part I: experimental investigation SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE anisotropy; martensite; chemical banding; transformation plasticity; dilatometry; thermal ratcheting; austenite ID MARAGING-STEEL AB Dimensional anisotropy associated with chemical banding was investigated via quench dilatometry. The material used in this research was fabricated by roll bonding alternately stacked sheets of a standard 5140 steel and a modified 5140 with a higher manganese content. The resulting plate had a well defined manganese banding pattern with a known segregation bandwidth. Cylindrical dilatometer specimens were machined with the axial direction aligned parallel and perpendicular to the segregation planes. The banded steel was thermally cycled so that the material alternated between austenitic and martensitic structures. Results for multiple thermal cycles revealed that tensile plastic deformation occurs normal to the segregation plane and compressive plastic deformation occurs parallel to the segregation plane. An examination of the transformations associated with heating and cooling showed that an exaggerated apparent transformation strain was measured in the direction perpendicular to the segregation layers and a suppressed apparent transformation strain was measured parallel to the segregation layers. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Div Engn, Adv Steel Proc & Prod Res Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jaramillo, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS6064, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jaramillora@ornl.gov NR 19 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 4 BP 851 EP 858 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.11.017 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 779TD UT WOS:000189316000005 ER PT J AU Jaramillo, RA Lusk, MT AF Jaramillo, RA Lusk, MT TI Dimensional anisotropy during phase transformations in a chemically banded 5140 steel. Part II: modeling SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE anisotropy; martensite; austenite; chemical banding; transformation plasticity; dilatometry ID RESIDUAL-STRESSES; MARAGING-STEEL; PLASTICITY; DILATATION; DEFORMATION AB Dimensional anisotropy associated with chemical banding was investigated using a material point model to simulate transformation anisotropy due to manganese inhomogeneity. A manganese dependent, internal state variable model for athermal martensite transformation was used to estimate the strains that develop in two layers of differing manganese content which maintain a coherent interface. Classical plasticity and transformation plasticity were included in simulations and compared to measured values for a steel with an engineered manganese segregation pattern presented in a companion paper (Jaramillo et al. Acta Mater., submitted). The results are consistent with the hypothesis that transformation plasticity is the mechanism by which shape change occurs in the chemically banded steel. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Div Engn, Adv Steel Proc & Prod Res Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Jaramillo, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS6064, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jaramillora@ornl.gov NR 29 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 4 BP 859 EP 867 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.10.020 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 779TD UT WOS:000189316000006 ER PT J AU Barashev, AV Golubov, SI Bacon, DJ Flewitt, PEJ Lewis, TA AF Barashev, AV Golubov, SI Bacon, DJ Flewitt, PEJ Lewis, TA TI Copper precipitation in Fe-Cu alloys under electron and neutron irradiation SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE ferritic steels; precipitation; coarsening; mean field analysis; hardening ID PRESSURE-VESSEL STEELS; CASCADE DAMAGE CONDITIONS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; ALPHA-IRON; EVOLUTION; CLUSTERS; MODEL; BCC; MICROSCOPY; DIFFUSION AB Precipitation of copper-rich clusters is a contribution to in-service hardening of some reactor pressure vessel ferritic steels. At temperatures less than 300 degreesC the precipitates are observed to be about 2 nm in diameter and not to coarsen, at least in the dose range from similar to10(-3) to 10(-2) dpa. As a result the hardening is close to a maximum. This phenomenon is studied here by computer simulations based on the "mean-field" approach for describing microstructural evolution in a binary Fe-Cu alloy. It is shown that the experimental data obtained from electron irradiated material and reactor-neutron irradiated steels have a stage of precipitate evolution intermediate between growth and coarsening. During this stage the size distribution of precipitates broadens while the number density and the mean size remain constant, which explains the observations. The role interstitial atom clusters produced in displacement cascades may have on the kinetics of copper precipitate coarsening is discussed. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Liverpool, Dept Engn, Mat Sci & Engn, Liverpool L69 3GH, Merseyside, England. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Reactor Serv Org, BNFL Magnox Generat, Berkeley GL13 9PB, Glos, England. RP Barashev, AV (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Dept Engn, Mat Sci & Engn, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GH, Merseyside, England. EM a.barashev@liv.ac.uk NR 39 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 4 BP 877 EP 886 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.10.023 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 779TD UT WOS:000189316000008 ER PT J AU Xia, Z Riester, L Curtin, WA Li, H Sheldon, BW Liang, J Chang, B Xu, JM AF Xia, Z Riester, L Curtin, WA Li, H Sheldon, BW Liang, J Chang, B Xu, JM TI Direct observation of toughening mechanisms in carbon nanotube ceramic matrix composites SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE nanotubes; composites; ceramic; toughening; fracture ID NANOCOMPOSITES; ALUMINA; STRESS; LOAD; STRENGTH; BRITTLE AB The excellent mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTS) are driving research into the creation of new strong, tough nanocomposite systems. Here, the first evidence of toughening mechanisms operating in carbon-nanotube-reinforced ceramic composites is presented. A highly ordered array of parallel multiwall CNTs in an alumina matrix was fabricated. Nanoindentation introduced controlled cracks and the damage was examined by scanning electron microscopy. These nanocomposites exhibit the three hallmarks of toughening found in micron-scale fiber composites: crack deflection at the CNT/matrix interface; crack bridging by CNTs; and CNT pullout on the fracture surfaces. Interface debonding and sliding can thus occur in materials with microstructures approaching the atomic scale. Furthermore, for certain geometries a new mechanism of nanotube collapse in "shear bands" occurs, rather than crack formation, suggesting that these materials can have multiaxial damage tolerance. The quantitative indentation data and computational models are used to determine the multiwall CNT axial Young's modulus as 200-570 GPa, depending on the nanotube geometry and quality. Three-dimensional FEM analysis indicates that matrix residual stresses on the order of 300 MPa are sustained in these materials without spontaneous cracking, suggesting that residual stress can be used to engineer enhanced performance. These nanoscale ceramic composites thus have potential for toughening and damage tolerance at submicron scales, and so are excellent candidates for wear-resistant coatings. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 Brown Univ, Div Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Curtin, WA (reprint author), Brown Univ, Div Engn, 182 Hope St, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM curtin@engin.brown.edu NR 30 TC 253 Z9 264 U1 11 U2 141 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 4 BP 931 EP 944 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.10.050 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 779TD UT WOS:000189316000013 ER PT J AU Zhang, X Misra, A Wang, H Shen, TD Nastasi, M Mitchell, TE Hirth, JP Hoagland, RG Embury, JD AF Zhang, X Misra, A Wang, H Shen, TD Nastasi, M Mitchell, TE Hirth, JP Hoagland, RG Embury, JD TI Enhanced ardening in Cu/330 stainless steel multilayers by nanoscale twinning SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE nanoscale twinning; stacking fault; twin spacing; sputtering; multilayers; strengthening ID STRENGTHENING MECHANISMS; METALLIC MULTILAYERS; COMPOSITES; DEPENDENCE; SYSTEM; TWINS AB Metallic multilayered composites synthesized by sputter deposition exhibit very high hardness as the bilayer period approaches a few nanometers. In the present investigation on polycrystalline Cu/austenitic 330 stainless steel multilayered films with (I 11) texture, we have found a high density of growth twins and stacking faults. The stainless steel layers, in particular, exhibit twinning and faults on the scale of 3-4 nm, whereas in the Cu layers, a large fraction of the grains show twins with spacings of a few tens of nanometers. A model is developed that accounts for the formation of nanoscale twins during sputter deposition in terms of twin boundary or stacking fault energy and deposition rate. The increase of hardness with decreasing layer thickness follows the Hall-Petch law for layer thickness greater than about 50 nm, but at lower layer thickness the hardness saturates to a value of about 5 GPa. Hardening mechanisms are interpreted in terms of layer thickness and twin spacing within layers. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. McMaster Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM zhangx@lanl.gov RI Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012; Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012; Zhang, Xinghang/H-6764-2013; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014 OI Zhang, Xinghang/0000-0002-8380-8667; Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209 NR 19 TC 142 Z9 144 U1 5 U2 67 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 4 BP 995 EP 1002 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.10.033 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 779TD UT WOS:000189316000019 ER PT J AU Biswas, R Li, ZY Ho, KM AF Biswas, R Li, ZY Ho, KM TI Impedance of photonic crystals and photonic crystal waveguides SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH TRANSMISSION; DEFECT MODES AB We develop and demonstrate the concept of impedance for a photonic crystal by generalizing the transverse wave impedance of conventional waveguides. The impedance involves a ratio of transverse fields and power flux. The calculated impedance for a two-dimensional photonic crystal is very well defined using the transfer matrix method. The predicted frequency-dependent reflectance from this impedance agrees very well with rigorous transfer matrix calculations for band modes and waveguiding modes in the band gap. This impedance concept will be very powerful in minimization of insertion loss into photonic crystal waveguides, designing waveguide splitters, and for modeling reflectance/transmittance from photonic crystals. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ctr Microelect Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Biswas, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM biswasr@iastate.edu NR 12 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 8 BP 1254 EP 1256 DI 10.1063/1.1649815 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 775RT UT WOS:000189075000008 ER PT J AU Kucheyev, SO Felter, TE Siekhaus, WJ Nelson, AJ Hamza, AV AF Kucheyev, SO Felter, TE Siekhaus, WJ Nelson, AJ Hamza, AV TI Hydrogen-deuterium exchange in KD2PO4 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ABSOLUTE CROSS-SECTION; SCATTERING; CRYSTALS; KH2PO4; LASER AB Depth profiles of H-1 and D-2 in rapidly grown KD2xH2(1-x)PO4 single crystals are studied by elastic recoil detection analysis. Results show that, under ambient conditions, deuteration in the first similar to500 nm from the sample surface significantly decreases within the first several days after D2O surface polishing. This effect is attributed to deuterium-hydrogen exchange. The effective diffusion coefficient of this process is strongly dependent on both the degree of deuteration and the sample growth conditions. Physical mechanisms of D/H exchange are discussed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kucheyev, SO (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kucheyev1@llnl.gov NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 8 BP 1344 EP 1346 DI 10.1063/1.1650039 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 775RT UT WOS:000189075000038 ER PT J AU Ohkubo, I Christen, HM Kalinin, SV Jellison, GE Rouleau, CM Lowndes, DH AF Ohkubo, I Christen, HM Kalinin, SV Jellison, GE Rouleau, CM Lowndes, DH TI High-throughput growth temperature optimization of ferroelectric SrxBa1-xNb2O6 epitaxial thin films using a temperature gradient method SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION AB We have developed a multisample film growth method on a temperature-gradient substrate holder to quickly optimize the film growth temperature in pulsed-laser deposition. A smooth temperature gradient is achieved, covering a range of temperatures from 200 to 830degreesC. In a single growth run, the optimal growth temperature for SrxBa1-xNb2O6 thin films on MgO(001) substrates was determined to be 750degreesC, based on results from ellipsometry and piezoresponse force microscopy. Variations in optical properties and ferroelectric domains structures were clearly observed as function of growth temperature, and these physical properties can be related to their different crystalline quality. Piezoresponse force microscopy indicated the formation of uniform ferroelectric film for deposition temperatures above 750degreesC. At 660degreesC, isolated micron-sized ferroelectric islands were observed, while samples deposited below 550 degreesC did not exhibit clear piezoelectric contrast. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ohkubo, I (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM okuboi@ornl.gov RI Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013; Rouleau, Christopher/Q-2737-2015; OHKUBO, Isao/B-9553-2013 OI Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469; Rouleau, Christopher/0000-0002-5488-3537; OHKUBO, Isao/0000-0002-4187-0112 NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 8 BP 1350 EP 1352 DI 10.1063/1.1650916 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 775RT UT WOS:000189075000040 ER PT J AU Zhao, YS Qian, J Daemen, LL Pantea, C Zhang, JZ Voronin, GA Zerda, TW AF Zhao, YS Qian, J Daemen, LL Pantea, C Zhang, JZ Voronin, GA Zerda, TW TI Enhancement of fracture toughness in nanostructured diamond-SiC composites SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NANOCOMPOSITES AB We synthesized diamond-SiC nanocomposites with superhardness and greatly enhanced fracture toughness through a synthetic approach based on high-energy ball milling to form amorphous Si precursors followed by rapid reactive sintering at high pressure (P) and high temperature (T). We show how the simultaneous P-T application allows for better control of the reactive sintering of a nanocrystalline SiC matrix in which diamond crystals are embedded. The measured fracture toughness K-IC of the synthesized composites has been enhanced greatly, as much as 50% from 8.2 to 12.0 MPa m1/2, as the crystal size of the SiC matrix decreases from 10 mum to 20 nm. Our result contradicts a commonly held belief of an inverse correlation between hardness and fracture toughness. We demonstrate the importance of nanostructure for the enhancement of mechanical properties of the composite materials. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Texas Christian Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA. RP Zhao, YS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM yzhao@lanl.gov RI Pantea, Cristian/D-4108-2009; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; OI Pantea, Cristian/0000-0002-0805-8923 NR 25 TC 65 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 8 BP 1356 EP 1358 DI 10.1063/1.1650556 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 775RT UT WOS:000189075000042 ER PT J AU McCay, TS Komoroski, MJ AF McCay, TS Komoroski, MJ TI Demographic responses of shrews to removal of coarse woody debris in a managed pine forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE blarina; coarse woody debris; Cryptotis; plantation; small mammals; Sorex ID SMALL-MAMMAL COMMUNITIES; MICROHABITAT USE; POPULATION; YOUNG; REGENERATION; IMPACT; OREGON AB We trapped shrews at six 9.3 ha plots from which logs greater than or equal to 10 cm diameter (coarse woody debris; CWD) had been manually removed and six control plots in managed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) forests of the southeastern coastal plain, USA. Trapping was conducted seasonally between autumn 1997 and summer 2001. Capture rates of Cryptotis parva were lower at plots from which CWD was removed than at control plots (P = 0.011) and declined at all plots over the study period (P < 0.001). Capture rates of Blarina carolinensis (P = 0.129) and Sorex longirostris (P = 0.432) did not differ between removal and control plots, but declined over the study period (P < 0.001). Age distributions of B. carolinensis differed between removal and control plots (P = 0.048) with a smaller proportion of individuals in young age categories at removal plots. Sensitivity of Cryptotis to the removal of CWD may have been due to its sociality or low population density at the study area. A reduction in the abundance of young B. carolinensis after removal of CWD may reflect reduced reproduction and immigration of older individuals from outside the plot. Effect of removal of CWD on populations of these shrews was relatively weak compared to strong seasonal and multi-year variation in abundance. However, weak treatment effects may have been partly due to low ambient levels of CWD at control plots. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Colgate Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, NY 13346 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP McCay, TS (reprint author), Colgate Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, NY 13346 USA. EM tmccay@mail.colgate.edu NR 48 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 189 IS 1-3 BP 387 EP 395 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2003.09.005 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 774GG UT WOS:000188971000030 ER PT J AU Plotkin, S AF Plotkin, S TI More on ethanol and the environment SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Letter C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Plotkin, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74112 USA SN 0030-1388 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 102 IS 8 BP 12 EP 12 PG 1 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 778QU UT WOS:000189252900005 ER PT J AU Liang, W Xu, Y Huang, YY Yariv, A Fleming, JG Lin, SY AF Liang, W Xu, Y Huang, YY Yariv, A Fleming, JG Lin, SY TI Mie scattering analysis of spherical Bragg "onion" resonators SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID WHISPERING-GALLERY MODES; QUALITY-FACTOR; SPHERES; RESONANCES; RADIATION; WAVES; BEAMS AB Combining the Mie scattering theory and a transfer matrix method, we investigate in detail the scattering of light by spherical Bragg "onion" resonators. We classify the resonator modes into two classes, the core modes that are confined by Bragg reflection, and the cladding modes that are confined by total internal reflection. We demonstrate that these two types of modes lead to significantly different scattering behaviors. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 CALTECH, Dept Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Liang, W (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM liangwei@its.caltech.edu RI Huang, Yanyi/D-1832-2009 OI Huang, Yanyi/0000-0002-7297-1266 NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 12 IS 4 BP 657 EP 669 DI 10.1364/OPEX.12.000657 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 777QJ UT WOS:000189188800017 PM 19474869 ER PT J AU Hershberger, J Ozturk, O Ajayi, OO Woodford, JB Erdemir, A Erck, RA Fenske, GR AF Hershberger, J Ozturk, O Ajayi, OO Woodford, JB Erdemir, A Erck, RA Fenske, GR TI Evaluation of DLC coatings for spark-ignited, direct-injected fuel systems SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amorphous; profilometry; plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD); carbon ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; SUPERLOW-FRICTION; WEAR PERFORMANCE; SOURCE GAS; TRIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE; SCUFFING PERFORMANCE; TRANSFER LAYERS; FILMS; BEHAVIOR; PLASMAS AB The suitability of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings for reduction of friction and wear in spark-ignited, direct-injected fuel systems has been investigated. Three commercially available DLC coatings have been compared to near-frictionless carbon (NFC) coatings and to uncoated metal in standardized lubricity tests and custom wear tests intended to simulate the fuel system environment. The coatings were applied to both laboratory balls and flats and to production fuel injector tips. These coatings provided improvements in friction and wear over uncoated surfaces, with the greatest improvements found in parts coated with NFC. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hershberger, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 212,Rm D204, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jhersh@anl.gov NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD FEB 23 PY 2004 VL 179 IS 2-3 BP 237 EP 244 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(03)00859-4 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 773RB UT WOS:000188935600016 ER PT J AU Smith, LJ Price, DL Chowdhuri, Z Brady, JW Saboungi, ML AF Smith, LJ Price, DL Chowdhuri, Z Brady, JW Saboungi, ML TI Molecular dynamics of glucose in solution: A quasielastic neutron scattering study SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSIVE MOTIONS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; WATER SOLUTIONS; ALPHA,ALPHA-TREHALOSE; VITRIFICATION AB The molecular dynamics of glucose dissolved in heavy water have been investigated at 280 K by the technique of quasielastic neutron scattering. The scattering was described by a dynamic structure factor that accounts for decoupled diffusive jumps and free rotational motions of the glucose molecules. With increasing glucose concentration, the diffusion constant decreases by a factor five and the time between jumps increases considerably. Our observations validate theoretical predictions concerning the impact of concentration on the environment of a glucose molecule and the formation of cages made by neighboring glucose molecules at higher concentrations. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Ctr Rech Mat Divisee, F-45071 Orleans 2, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ctr Rech Mat Haute Temp, F-45071 Orleans 2, France. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Saboungi, ML (reprint author), Ctr Rech Mat Divisee, 1B Rue Ferollerie, F-45071 Orleans 2, France. EM mls@cnrs-orleans.fr RI Price, David Long/A-8468-2013; Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013 OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 63018] NR 20 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 22 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 8 BP 3527 EP 3530 DI 10.1063/1.1648302 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 776VH UT WOS:000189139700001 PM 15268513 ER PT J AU Thompson, RB Rasmussen, KO Lookman, T AF Thompson, RB Rasmussen, KO Lookman, T TI Elastic moduli of multiblock copolymers in the lamellar phase SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CONSISTENT-FIELD THEORY; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; CUBIC PHASES; MELTS; MORPHOLOGY; SEPARATION; BEHAVIOR AB We study the linear elastic response of multiblock copolymer melts in the lamellar phase, where the molecules are composed of tethered symmetric AB diblock copolymers. We use a self-consistent field theory method, and introduce a real space approach to calculate the tensile and shear moduli as a function of block number. The former is found to be in qualitative agreement with experiment. We find that the increase in bridging fraction with block number, that follows the increase in modulus, is not responsible for the increase in modulus. It is demonstrated that the change in modulus is due to an increase in mixing of repulsive A and B monomers. Under extension, this increase originates from a widening of the interface, and more molecules pulled free of the interface. Under compression, only the second of these two processes acts to increase the modulus. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rasmussen, KO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rthompson@lanl.gov RI Rasmussen, Kim/B-5464-2009; Thompson, Russell/J-6326-2012 OI Rasmussen, Kim/0000-0002-4029-4723; Thompson, Russell/0000-0002-6571-558X NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 22 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 8 BP 3990 EP 3996 DI 10.1063/1.1643899 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 776VH UT WOS:000189139700052 PM 15268564 ER PT J AU Jellison, GE AF Jellison, GE TI Generalized ellipsometry for materials characterization SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Optical and X-Ray Metrology for Advanced Device Materials Characterization CY JUN 10-13, 2003 CL Strasbourg, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE polarization; transmission; anisotropic ID SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY; OPTICAL FUNCTIONS; TIO2 AB Ellipsometry experiments normally measure two to four parameters, which are converted to the ellipsometric parameters psi and Delta. This is usually sufficient for many samples, but more complicated situations (such as anisotropic or depolarizing samples) require more sophisticated measurements. Over the last 7 years, we have developed the two-modulator generalized ellipsometer (2-MGE), which measures eight elements of the sample Mueller matrix simultaneously either in reflection or transmission. In reflection, the 2-MGE totally characterizes light reflection from anisotropic samples, measuring the normal ellipsometry parameters, as well as the cross-polarization and depolarization effects. Applications include the determination of the spectroscopic optical functions of uniaxial materials (such as TiO2 and ZnO), and the measurement of cross-polarization from diffractive structures. In transmission, the 2-MGE completely characterizes a general linear diattenuator and retarder. Applications include the measurement of the retardation and diattenuation of film polarizers and internal electric fields in LiNbO3 and CdZnTe under bias. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jellison, GE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jellisongejr@ornl.gov NR 17 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD FEB 22 PY 2004 VL 450 IS 1 BP 42 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.10.148 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 778GV UT WOS:000189231900007 ER PT J AU Spasojevic, M Frey, HU Thomsen, MF Fuselier, SA Gary, SP Sandel, BR Inan, US AF Spasojevic, M Frey, HU Thomsen, MF Fuselier, SA Gary, SP Sandel, BR Inan, US TI The link between a detached subauroral proton arc and a plasmaspheric plume SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET IMAGER; MAGNETIC-FIELD; RING CURRENT; PLASMAPAUSE; SPACECRAFT; MISSION; EUV; RPI AB Observations of detached subauroral proton arcs by the FUV instrument on the IMAGE spacecraft have been recently reported and shown to be produced by ring current ions precipitating in the afternoon local time sector during geomagnetically disturbed periods. Data from June 18, 2001 show a direct link between a subauroral proton arc and a global observation of a plasmaspheric plume by the IMAGE EUV instrument. Using a T96 magnetic field model, the proton arc maps to a broad region of enhanced cold plasma density associated with the plume. The link between the proton arc and plume suggests that the precipitation may be due to pitch angle scattering of energetic protons by electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves, which may be preferentially generated within the plume since the presence of cold, dense ions lowers the threshold for the EMIC instability. C1 Stanford Univ, Space Telecommun & Radiosci Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Lockheed Martin, Ctr Adv Technol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Spasojevic, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Space Telecommun & Radiosci Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM mssm@nova.stanford.edu NR 19 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 4 AR L04803 DI 10.1029/2003GL018389 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 780HA UT WOS:000189373200001 ER PT J AU Key, SW Gullerud, AS Koteras, JR AF Key, SW Gullerud, AS Koteras, JR TI A low-order, hexahedral finite element for modelling shells SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE modelling shells; hexahedral finite element ID MEMBRANE; DYNAMICS AB A thin, eight-node, tri-linear displacement, hexahedral finite element is the starting point for the derivation of a constant membrane stress resultant, constant bending stress resultant shell finite element. The derivation begins by introducing a Taylor series expansion for the stress distribution in the isoparametric co-ordinates of the element. The effect of the Taylor series expansion for the stress distribution is to explicitly identify those strain modes of the element that are conjugate to the mean or average stress and the linear variation in stress. The constant membrane stress resultants are identified with the mean stress components, and the constant bending stress resultants are identified with the linear variation in stress through the thickness along with in-plane linear variations of selected components of the transverse shear stress. Further, a plane-stress constitutive assumption is introduced, and an explicit treatment of the finite element's thickness is introduced. A number of elastic simulations show the useful results that can be obtained (tip-loaded twisted beam, point-loaded hemisphere, point-loaded sphere, tip-loaded Raasch hook, and a beam bent into a ring). All of the gradient/divergence operators are evaluated in closed form providing unequivocal evaluations of membrane and bending strain rates along with the appropriate divergence calculations involving the membrane stress and bending stress resultants. The fact that a hexahedral shell finite element has two distinct surfaces aids sliding interface algorithms when a shell folds back on itself when subjected to large deformations. Published in 2004 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Key, SW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM swkey@sandia.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 59 IS 7 BP 923 EP 944 DI 10.1002/nme.895 PG 22 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 777UF UT WOS:000189196100002 ER PT J AU Rose, H AF Rose, H TI Outline of an ultracorrector compensating for all primary chromatic and geometrical aberrations of charged-particle lenses SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE chromatic aberration; geometrical aberrations; quadrupole septuplet; eikonal; ultracorrector ID ELECTRON-LENSES; SYSTEMS; CORRECTOR AB A novel ultracorrector is outlined which compensates for the primary and secondary first-order chromatic aberrations and all third-order geometrical aberrations of electron optical systems with a straight axis. Owing to the imposed symmetry conditions on the fields and the paraxial fundamental rays, the corrector does not introduce aberrations with 2-fold symmetry. The chromatic aberrations are corrected by means of crossed electric magnetic quadrupoles while the third-order geometrical aberrations are eliminated by octopoles. By placing these elements at distinct positions within the corrector, it is possible to successively eliminate the third-order aberrations in such a way that each subsequent correction does not affect the aberrations corrected in the preceding correction steps. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Rose, H (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rose@ltoi.iap.physik.tu-darmstadt.de NR 24 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 12 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.115 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800004 ER PT J AU Ivanov, V Kriklivyy, V AF Ivanov, V Kriklivyy, V TI Numerical algorithms for boundary problems with disturbed axial symmetry SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL Washington, DC DE electromagnetism; boundary element method; electron optics ID OPTICAL-SYSTEMS; ABERRATIONS; DEFLECTORS; FIELDS AB The axial symmetry in the real devices of image electron optics is always disturbed by small defects in manufacturing and assembly. We present a complete method for the numerical simulation of problems with such defects, which includes the algorithms for singularity extraction in a numerical solution of the boundary problem described by the Helmholtz equation. The effective recurrent formulas for evaluation of the kernels of integral representations and their derivatives are constructed. New modification of the well-known Bruns-Bertein (Crelles J. Math. 81 (1876) 349; Ann. de Radioelectr. 2 (7) (1947) 379) method is given, and correlation of this method with an integral equation in variations is investigated. The algorithms are implemented in the codes POISSON-2 (CAD Methods in Physical Electronics-2 parts, Inst. Math. RAS, Novosibirsk, 1986; Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Computations in Electromagnetism, Notingham, UK, May 13-15, 1994; Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, Baltimore, MD, June 29-July 2, 1997) and OPTICS-2 (Proceedings of the XV Conference on High Speed Photography, Photonics and Metrology of High-Speed Processes, Moscow, 26-29 November, 1991). The results of the numerical simulation for various test problems with different kinds of boundary deformation are given. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM ivanov@slac.stanford.edu NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 96 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.127 PG 21 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800015 ER PT J AU Ivanov, V Brezhnev, V AF Ivanov, V Brezhnev, V TI New formulation of the synthesis problem in electron optics SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE electromagnetism; boundary element method; electron optics AB We describe a new approach to solving the problem of harmonic field synthesis for electron-optical systems. Numerical solutions obtained in practice with the classical approach often lead to operational difficulties, such as numerical instability and vacuum breakdown. Our approach differs from the classical one in that it considers a mixed formulation where one part of the information is responsible for representing objective functionals-Cauchy data, while the other part of the information represents the boundary conditions defined on boundaries of specified geometry. This approach takes into account the a priori structural constraints of the synthesis problem, analytically extending the solution to the subdomain of synthesis as well as finding the tolerances for small perturbations of the objective functional. Numerical algorithms proposed in this work are based on the integral representation of a field by a potential of a simile and double layer as well as by a volume potential for charged particle beams. A classification of the basic types of electronic lenses with minimal aberrations is given. Numerical examples of test and practical problems are presented. This approach is implemented in the code "Synthesis-2" of Computer Aided Design system "TOPAZ". (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Eon Bo Ltd, Novosibirsk, Russia. RP Ivanov, V (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM ivanov@slac.stanford.edu NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 117 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.128 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800016 ER PT J AU Makino, K Berz, M Johnstone, CJ Errede, D AF Makino, K Berz, M Johnstone, CJ Errede, D TI High-order map treatment of superimposed cavities, absorbers, and magnetic multipole and solenoid fields SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE transfer map; nonlinear effect; differential algebra; partial differential equation; COSYINFINITY; muon ionization cooling ID ENERGY-LOSS; SERIES AB Various modern systems for the transport and manipulation of large acceptance beams of rare and short-lived particles require the treatment of nonlinear optics of acceleration, absorption, and focusing in a combined approach. We describe a differential algebraic method for the treatment of such nonlinear dynamics via high-order transfer maps. We include the processes of scattering and straggling through absorbing material, which are inherently nondeterministic and hence not representable in the map formalism, in a split operator approach. Some examples of simulations of muon beam ionization cooling channels are provided. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Makino, K (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM makino@uiuc.edu; berz@msu.edu; cjj@fnal.gov; derrede@uiuc.edu NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 162 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.133 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800021 ER PT J AU Walstrom, PL AF Walstrom, PL TI Soft-edged magnet models for higher-order beam-optics map codes SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE magnetic optics; transport maps; magnetic field models AB Continuously varying surface and volume source-density distributions are used to model magnetic fields inside of cylindrical volumes. From these distributions, a package of subroutines computes on-axis generalized gradients and their derivatives at arbitrary points on the magnet axis for input to the numerical map-generating subroutines of the Lie-algebraic map code Marylie. In the present version of the package, the magnet menu includes: (1) cylindrical current-sheet or radially thick current distributions with either open boundaries or with a surrounding cylindrical boundary with normal field lines (which models high-permeability iron), (2) Halbach-type permanent multipole magnets, either as sheet magnets or as radially thick magnets, (3) modeling of arbitrary fields inside a cylinder by use of a fictitious current sheet. The subroutines provide on-axis gradients and their z derivatives to essentially arbitrary order, although in the present third- and fifth-order Marylie only the zeroth through sixth derivatives are needed. The formalism is especially useful in beam-optics applications, such as magnetic lenses, where realistic treatment of fringe-field effects is needed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Walstrom, PL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM walstrom@lanl.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 216 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.158 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800026 ER PT J AU Wan, W Feng, J Padmore, HA Robin, DS AF Wan, W Feng, J Padmore, HA Robin, DS TI Simulation of a mirror corrector for PEEM3 SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE XPEEM; aberration correction; electron mirror; differential algebra ID ELECTRON-MIRROR; ABERRATION CORRECTION; CHROMATIC ABERRATION; MICROSCOPE; RESOLUTION; SYSTEMS; FIELDS; CHARGE AB A third generation aberration-corrected Photoernission Electron Microscope is being designed at the Advanced Light Source. An electron mirror is used for the correction of the lowest order spherical and chromatic aberrations. Two very different methods, one using finite-element method and ray-tracing technique and the other using charge ring method and differential algebra technique, have been employed to simulate the electrostatic field and the behavior of the electron beam. Good agreement has been obtained between the two methods and a tetrode mirror has been found to effectively correct the spherical and chromatic aberrations. Operating at 20 kV, the point resolution for 100% transmission reaches 50 nm with the mirror corrector, a significant reduction from that of 440 nm without correction. The highest resolution achieved is 4 nm at 2% transmission, as opposed to 20 nm at 1% transmission without correction. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wan, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wwan@lbl.gov NR 28 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 222 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.159 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800027 ER PT J AU Wu, YK Robin, DS Forest, E Schlueter, R Anders, S Feng, J Padmore, H Wei, DH AF Wu, YK Robin, DS Forest, E Schlueter, R Anders, S Feng, J Padmore, H Wei, DH TI Design and analysis of beam separator magnets for third generation aberration compensated PEEMs SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE beam separator; electron microscope; electron optics; aberrations ID RESOLUTION; MICROSCOPE; SMART AB A state of the art X-ray photoemission electron microscope (PEEM2) is operational at the Advanced Light Source at a resolution of typically 50 nm for a range of chemical and magnetic surface studies. A new microscope, PEEM3, is under development with an aim of achieving a resolution of 5 nm and more than an order of magnitude increase in transmission at the nominal resolution of PEEM2. The resolution and flux improvement is realized by providing geometric and chromatic aberration compensations in the system using an electron mirror and a beam separator magnet. The nearly aberration-free design of the beam separator is critical to the performance of third generation PEEMs. In this paper, we present the optics design model, optimal operation parameters, analyses of aberration impact, as well as the mechanical alignment tolerance for PEEM3 separator prototypes. In particular, we emphasize the importance of a new semi-analytical approach to design complex charged particle optics using the truncated power series algebra. Because of its ability to compute high-order aberrations, this approach allows systematic and comprehensive analyses of any charged particle optics systems with analytical electric and magnetic fields. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050810, Japan. IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan. RP Wu, YK (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM wu@fel.duke.edu RI Wei, Der-Hsin/H-8691-2013; Raoux, Simone/G-3920-2016 OI Wei, Der-Hsin/0000-0002-6877-602X; NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 230 EP 241 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.160 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800028 ER PT J AU Veryovkin, IV Chen, CY Calaway, WF Pellin, MJ Lee, T AF Veryovkin, IV Chen, CY Calaway, WF Pellin, MJ Lee, T TI Computer simulation of time-of-flight mass spectrometers: calculations of mass spectra and spatial distributions of ions SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE ion optics; SIMION; time-of-flight mass spectrometry AB In the present work, an advanced algorithm to simulate complex ion optical systems is described, and results of its application to time-of-flight mass spectrometers with laser post-ionization of secondary neutrals are presented. To examine ion optics designs for such instruments and to find optimized solutions, a combination of charged particle optics modeling software (for simulating large sets of ion trajectories) and database software (for processing results of the simulations with database management routines) was introduced and used to aid the design of new instruments developed at Argonne National Laboratory. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Veryovkin, IV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 200, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM verigo@anl.gov RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768 NR 4 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 345 EP 352 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.172 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800041 ER PT J AU Veryovkin, IV Calaway, WF Pellin, MJ AF Veryovkin, IV Calaway, WF Pellin, MJ TI Ion optics of a new time-of-flight mass spectrometer for quantitative surface analysis SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE ion optics; SIMION; mass spectrometry; virtual reality ID S-SIMS AB A new time-of-flight instrument for quantitative surface analysis was developed and constructed at Argonne National Laboratory. It implements ion sputtering and laser desorption for probing analyzed samples and can operate in regimes of secondary neutral mass spectrometry with laser post-ionization and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The instrument incorporates two new ion optics developments: (1) "push-pull" front end ion optics and (2) focusing and deflecting lens. Implementing these novel elements significantly enhance analytical capabilities of the instrument. Extensive three-dimensional computer simulations of the instrument were conducted in SIMION 3D(C) to perfect its ion optics. The operating principles of the new ion optical systems are described, and a scheme of the new instrument is outlined together with its operating modes. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Veryovkin, IV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 200, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM verigo@anl.gov RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768 NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 353 EP 362 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.173 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800042 ER PT J AU Veryovkin, IV Calaway, WF Pellin, MJ AF Veryovkin, IV Calaway, WF Pellin, MJ TI A virtual reality instrument: near-future perspective of computer simulations of ion optics SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE ion optics; SIMION; mass spectrometry; virtual reality ID ELECTROSTATIC SPECTROMETERS AB The method of accurate modeling of complex ion optical systems is presented. It combines using SIMION 3D((C)) with external software generating input ion sets and processing results of ion trajectory simulations. This method was used to simulate time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer of secondary neutrals SARISA (Surface Analysis by Resonance Ionization of Sputtered Atoms), and results of simulations were compared to results of the experiments. It is demonstrated that the accuracy of the presented modeling method is sufficient to reproduce experimental TOF (mass) spectra and dependencies of the instrument useful yield on sputtering and ionization conditions. A concept of "virtual reality instrument" as a logical extension of the method is discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Veryovkin, IV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Bldg 200,9700S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM verigo@anl.gov RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768 NR 6 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 363 EP 372 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.174 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800043 ER PT J AU Wollnik, H Casares, A Radford, D Yavor, M AF Wollnik, H Casares, A Radford, D Yavor, M TI Multi-pass time-of-flight mass spectrometers of high resolving power SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE time-of-flight mass spectrometers; precise mass measurements; matched unit-cell construction ID ANALYZERS; NUCLEI AB Using the flight path in an energy-isochronous time-of-flight mass spectrometer repeatedly, one can achieve very high mass resolving powers because of the overall long flight distance. Additionally to their longitudinal isochronicity, such systems can provide a high transversal phase-space acceptance so that they can make use of ion beams of large phase-space volumes. This can be achieved by building the system from matched unit cells similarly to the techniques used in the design of accelerator storage rings. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Lab Analyt Instrumentat, St Petersburg 198103, Russia. RP Wollnik, H (reprint author), Univ Giessen, Phys Inst 2, Heinrich Buff Ring 16, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. EM h.wollnik@uni-giessen.de RI radford, David/A-3928-2015 NR 12 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 373 EP 379 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.175 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800044 ER PT J AU Geraci, AA Nolen, JA Pardo, RC AF Geraci, AA Nolen, JA Pardo, RC TI Superconducting linac beam dynamics with high-order maps for RF resonators SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE beam optics; superconducting linacs; high-order maps AB The arbitrary-order map beam optics code COSY Infinity has recently been adapted to calculate accurate high-order ion-optical maps for electrostatic and radio-frequency accelerating structures. The beam dynamics of the superconducting low-velocity positive-ion injector linac for the ATLAS accelerator at Argonne National Lab is used to demonstrate some advantages of the new simulation capability. The injector linac involves four different types of superconducting accelerating structures and has a total of 18 resonators. The detailed geometry for each of the accelerating cavities is included, allowing an accurate representation of the on- and off-axis electric fields. The fields are obtained within the code from a Poisson-solver for cylindrically symmetric electrodes of arbitrary geometry. The transverse focusing is done with superconducting solenoids. A detailed comparison of the transverse and longitudinal phase space is made with the conventional ray-tracing code LINRAY. The two codes are evaluated for ease of optimization, with particular attention to higher-order effects, and future applications are discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Geraci, AA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM andrew.geraci@stanford.edu OI Pardo, Richard/0000-0002-8264-9430 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 388 EP 395 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.177 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800046 ER PT J AU Ostroumov, PN AF Ostroumov, PN TI Heavy-ion beam dynamics in the RIA accelerators SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL Washington, DC DE beam dynamics; superconducting linac; heavy ion; computer simulations AB The Nuclear Science Community in the United States has unanimously concluded that developments in both nuclear science and its supporting technologies make building a Rare-Isotope Accelerator (RIA) facility for production of radioactive beams. The RIA development effort involves several US Laboratories (ANL, JLAB, LANL, LBNL, MSU, ORNL). The RIA project includes a continuous wave 1.4 GV driver linac and a 123 MV post-accelerator, both based on superconducting (SC) cavities operating at frequencies from 48 to 805 MHz. Several new conceptual solutions in physics design of heavy-ion SC linacs have been developed recently. In particular, the concept of multiple charge state beam acceleration in SC linacs was tested and will be used in the driver linac to increase available accelerated beam power. A detailed design has been developed for the focusing-accelerating lattice of the RIA linacs which are configured as an array of short SC cavities, each with independently controllable RF phase. Independent phasing allows the velocity profile to be varied: the linac can be tuned to provide higher energies for the lighter ions. For example, the reference design linac can be tuned to provide a uranium beam at an energy of 403 MeV/u and can be re-tuned to provide a proton beam at 900 MeV. The linac must provide 100 kW beam power with the possibility to upgrade up to 400 kW. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ostroumov, PN (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ostroumov@phy.anl.gov NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 412 EP 424 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.181 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800049 ER PT J AU Wangler, TP Allen, CK Chan, KCD Colestock, PL Crandall, KR Garnett, RW Gilpatrick, JD Lysenko, W Qiang, J Schneider, JD Schulze, ME Sheffield, RL Smith, HV AF Wangler, TP Allen, CK Chan, KCD Colestock, PL Crandall, KR Garnett, RW Gilpatrick, JD Lysenko, W Qiang, J Schneider, JD Schulze, ME Sheffield, RL Smith, HV TI Beam-halo in mismatched proton beams SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE beam halo; emittance growth; beam profiles; simulations; space charge; mismatch ID SIMULATION AB Progress was made during the past decade towards a better understanding of halo formation caused by beam mismatch in high-intensity beams. To test these ideas an experiment was carried out at Los Alamos with proton beams in a 52-quadrupole focusing channel. Rms emittances and beam widths were obtained from measured beam profiles for comparison with the maximum emittance-growth predictions of a free-energy model and the maximum halo-amplitude predictions of a particle-core model. The experimental results are also compared with multiparticle simulations. In this paper we will present the experimental results and discuss the implications with respect to the validity of both the models and the simulations. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. TechSource, Santa Fe, NM 87594 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Gen Atom, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wangler, TP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM twangler@lanl.gov NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 425 EP 431 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.182 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800050 ER PT J AU Carey, DC AF Carey, DC TI Scattering in a magnetic field SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC AB A scheme of ionization cooling proposed at Fermilab involves energy loss by passing a muon beam through liquid hydrogen. Focussing is done by solenoids. A particle travelling in a straight line, will, after being scattered, follow a helical trajectory. After a full circle is made, the trajectory will be downstream at a point where some of the previously unscattered particles will now scatter. The portions of phase space occupied in the two scatterings now overlap and will occupy less space than if there were no overlap. Results of detailed calculations and approximations made will be discussed. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 BD Special Projects, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60563 USA. RP Carey, DC (reprint author), BD Special Projects, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 221,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60563 USA. EM davec@fnal.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 461 EP 465 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.186 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800054 ER PT J AU Errede, D Makino, K Berz, M Johnstone, CJ Van Ginneken, A AF Errede, D Makino, K Berz, M Johnstone, CJ Van Ginneken, A TI Stochastic processes in muon ionization cooling SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC AB A muon ionization cooling channel consists of three major components: the magnet optics, an acceleration cavity, and an energy absorber. The absorber of liquid hydrogen contained by thin aluminum windows is the only component which introduces stochastic processes into the otherwise deterministic acceleration system. The scattering dynamics of the transverse coordinates is described by Gaussian distributions. The asymmetric energy loss function is represented by the Vavilov distribution characterized by the minimum number of collisions necessary for a particle undergoing loss of the energy distribution average resulting from the Bethe-Bloch formula. Examples of the interplay between stochastic processes and deterministic beam dynamics are given. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Errede, D (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM derrede@uiuc.edu; makino@uiuc.edu; berz@msu.edu; cjj@fnal.gov; vangin@fnal.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 466 EP 471 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.187 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800055 ER PT J AU Johnstone, C Berz, M Errede, D Makino, K AF Johnstone, C Berz, M Errede, D Makino, K TI Muon beam ionization cooling in a linear quadrupole channel SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Charged Particle Optics (CPO) CY OCT, 2002 CL washington, DC DE beam optics; neutrino factory; muon cooling channel AB In a scenario for either a Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider, the anticipated transverse beam emittance subsequent to capture and phase rotation is so large that it permits a relaxation of the requirements on beam spot size in the early stages relative to the final stages of ionization cooling. Staging the cooling process according to initial emittances, coupled with modest cooling factors, permits more optimal and efficient cooling channel designs and avoids much of the difficulty encountered with channels which attempt to maintain strong focusing (large, 300-500 mrad, divergences) across ultra-large momentum ranges (greater than or equal to +/-20% deltap/p). Relaxation of spot size at the absorber, especially in the "precooling" stage, allowed development of an efficient transverse cooling channel based simply on a quadrupole FODO cell. This work describes the design of such a cooling channel and its application as an upstream stage of beam cooling. Being a linear channel with no bends, it serves to reduce the large transverse beam size delivered from muon-beam capture and bunching before entering more restricted optical structures such as transverse plus longitudinal cooling channels or accelerators. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Johnstone, C (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM cjj@fnal.gov; berz@msu.edu; derrede@uiuc.edu; makino@uiuc.edu NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 472 EP 482 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.188 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 779FC UT WOS:000189283800056 ER PT J AU Levy, MR Grimes, RW Sickafus, KE AF Levy, MR Grimes, RW Sickafus, KE TI Disorder processes in A(3+)B(3+)O(3) compounds: implications for radiation tolerance SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID IMMOBILIZATION; PEROVSKITE; OXIDES; PYROCHLORES; ZIRCONOLITE; MIGRATION; GD2TI2O7; WASTES; SYNROC AB Intrinsic defect processes were compared for an extensive range of A(3+)B(3+)O(3) compounds with A cation radii from Sc3+ to La3+ and B cation radii from Al3+ to In3+. Crossovers between cation antisite, Schottky and oxygen Frenkel disorder are predicted as a function of cation radius. The radiation tolerance of these compounds was discussed in the light of their relative defect process energies. On this basis there should be a wide variation in radiation tolerance. In particular, only a limited compositional range, coincident with the bixbyite structure, will exhibit the high tolerance previously observed in materials with fluorite and fluorite-related structures. Materials with the rhombohedral or orthorhombic perovskite structures will be significantly less tolerant. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2BP, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Grimes, RW (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2BP, England. EM r.grimes@imperial.ac.uk NR 37 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 5 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6443 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 6 BP 533 EP 545 DI 10.1080/1478643032000158297 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 766CH UT WOS:000188327500003 ER PT J AU Maharajh, K Volegov, PL Kraus, RH AF Maharajh, K Volegov, PL Kraus, RH TI Forward model theoretical basis for a superconducting imaging surface magnetoencephalography system SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A novel magnetoencephalography (MEG) system was designed at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) that incorporates a helmet-shaped superconductor in order to increase the signal to noise ratio. The magnetic field perturbations caused by the superconducting surface must be included in the forward physics for accurate source localization. In this paper, the theoretical basis for the forward model that calculates the field of any magnetic source in the presence of an arbitrarily shaped superconducting surface is presented. Appropriate magnetic field integral equations are derived that provide a description of the physics of the forward model. These equations are derived starting from Maxwell's equations in the presence of inhomogeneous media, with the appropriate boundary conditions for a superconductor. A discretized version of this equation is then compared with known analytic solutions for simple superconducting surface geometries. C1 Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Maharajh, K (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM keeran.maharajh@uchsc.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9155 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD FEB 21 PY 2004 VL 49 IS 4 BP 523 EP 532 AR PII S0031-9155(04)69198-6 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/49/4/004 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 805UO UT WOS:000220391400005 PM 15005162 ER PT J AU Sakamoto, T Lamb, DQ Graziani, C Donaghy, TQ Suzuki, M Ricker, G Atteia, JL Kawai, N Yoshida, A Shirasaki, Y Tamagawa, T Torii, K Matsuoka, M Fenimore, EE Galassi, M Tavenner, T Doty, J Vanderspek, R Crew, GB Villasenor, J Butler, N Prigozhin, G Jernigan, JG Barraud, C Boer, M Dezalay, JP Olive, JF Hurley, K Levine, A Monnelly, G Martel, F Morgan, E Woosley, SE Cline, T Braga, J Manchanda, R Pizzichini, G Takagishi, K Yamauchi, M AF Sakamoto, T Lamb, DQ Graziani, C Donaghy, TQ Suzuki, M Ricker, G Atteia, JL Kawai, N Yoshida, A Shirasaki, Y Tamagawa, T Torii, K Matsuoka, M Fenimore, EE Galassi, M Tavenner, T Doty, J Vanderspek, R Crew, GB Villasenor, J Butler, N Prigozhin, G Jernigan, JG Barraud, C Boer, M Dezalay, JP Olive, JF Hurley, K Levine, A Monnelly, G Martel, F Morgan, E Woosley, SE Cline, T Braga, J Manchanda, R Pizzichini, G Takagishi, K Yamauchi, M TI High Energy Transient Explorer 2 observations of the extremely soft X-ray flash XRF 020903 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts; X-rays : bursts; X-rays : individual (GRB 020903) ID GAMMA-RAY; BURSTS; ENERGY; BATSE; PEAK; PERFORMANCE; SPECTRA; CATALOG; MONITOR; MODEL AB We report High Energy Transient Explorer 2 (HETE-2) Wide Field X-Ray Monitor/French Gamma Telescope observations of the X-ray flash XRF 020903. This event was extremely soft: the ratio log (S(X)/S(gamma)) = 0.7, where S(X) and S(gamma) are the fluences in the 2 - 30 and 30 - 400 keV energy bands, is the most extreme value observed so far by HETE-2. In addition, the spectrum has an observed peak energy of E(peak)(obs) < 5.0 keV (99.7% probability upper limit), and no photons were detected above similar to 10 keV. The burst is shorter at higher energies, which is similar to the behavior of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We consider the possibility that the burst lies at very high redshift and that the low value of E(peak)(obs) is due to the cosmological redshift, and show that this is very unlikely. We find that the properties of XRF 020903 are consistent with the relation between the fluences S( 7 - 30 keV) and S(30 - 400 keV), found by Barraud et al. for GRBs and X-ray - rich GRBs, and are consistent with the extension by a decade of the hardness-intensity correlation found by the same authors. Assuming that XRF 020903 lies at a redshift z = 0.25, as implied by the host galaxy of the candidate optical and radio afterglows of this burst, we find that the properties of XRF 020903 are consistent with an extension by a factor similar to300 of the relation between the isotropic-equivalent energy E(iso) and the E(peak) of the nuF(nu) spectrum (in the source frame of the burst) found by Amati et al. for GRBs. The results presented in this paper therefore provide evidence that X-ray flashes (XRFs), X-ray-rich GRBs, and GRBs form a continuum and are a single phenomenon. The results also impose strong constraints on models of XRFs and X-ray - rich GRBs. C1 Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Observ Midi Pyrenees, Astrophys Lab, F-31400 Toulouse, France. Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Phys, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 1578572, Japan. Natl Astron Observ, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. Natl Space Dev Agcy Japan, Tsukuba Space Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058505, Japan. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. CNR, IASF, Sez Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. Miyazaki Univ, Fac Engn, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan. RP Sakamoto, T (reprint author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. OI Boer, Michel/0000-0001-9157-4349 NR 40 TC 96 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 602 IS 2 BP 875 EP 885 DI 10.1086/381232 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 779ZK UT WOS:000189343700026 ER PT J AU Alexakis, A Calder, AC Heger, A Brown, EF Dursi, LJ Truran, JW Rosner, R Lamb, DQ Timmes, FX Fryxell, B Zingale, M Ricker, PM Olson, K AF Alexakis, A Calder, AC Heger, A Brown, EF Dursi, LJ Truran, JW Rosner, R Lamb, DQ Timmes, FX Fryxell, B Zingale, M Ricker, PM Olson, K TI On heavy element enrichment in classical novae SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; methods : numerical; novae, cataclysmic variables; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; waves ID HYDROGEN SHELL FLASHES; ACCRETING WHITE-DWARFS; CNO ABUNDANCES; MASSIVE STARS; NUCLEAR; MODELS; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; SIMULATIONS; DIFFUSION; EVOLUTION AB Many classical nova ejecta are enriched in CNO and Ne. Rosner and coworkers recently suggested that the enrichment might originate in the resonant interaction between large-scale shear flows in the accreted H/He envelope and gravity waves at the interface between the envelope and the underlying C/O white dwarf (WD). The shear flow amplifies the waves, which eventually form cusps and break. This wave breaking injects a spray of C/O into the superincumbent H/He. Using two-dimensional simulations, we formulate a quantitative expression for the amount of C/O per unit area that can be entrained, at saturation, into the H/He. The fraction of the envelope that is enriched depends on the horizontal distribution of shear velocity and the density contrast between the C/O WD and the H/He layer but is roughly independent of the vertical shape of the shear profile. Using this parameterization for the mixed mass, we then perform several one-dimensional Lagrangian calculations of an accreting WD envelope and consider two scenarios: that the wave breaking and mixing is driven by the convective flows and that the mixing occurs prior to the onset of convection. In the absence of enrichment prior to ignition, the base of the convective zone, as calculated from mixing-length theory with the Ledoux instability criterion, does not reach the C/O interface. As a result, there is no additional mixing, and the runaway is slow. In contrast, the formation of a mixed layer during the accretion of H/He, prior to ignition, causes a more violent runaway. The envelope can be enriched by less than or similar to25% of C/O by mass ( consistent with that observed in some ejecta) for shear velocities, over the surface, with Mach numbers less than or similar to0.4. C1 Univ Chicago, Ctr Astrophys Thermonucl Flashes, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NASA, UMBC GEST Ctr, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Univ Chicago, Ctr Astrophys Thermonucl Flashes, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM alexakis@flash.uchicago.edu RI Brown, Edward/F-1721-2011; Calder, Alan/E-5348-2011; Alexakis, Alexandros/O-8302-2015; OI Alexakis, Alexandros/0000-0003-2021-7728; Zingale, Michael/0000-0001-8401-030X; Dursi, Jonathan/0000-0002-4697-798X; Brown, Edward/0000-0003-3806-5339 NR 28 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 602 IS 2 BP 931 EP 937 DI 10.1086/381086 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 779ZK UT WOS:000189343700032 ER PT J AU Pruet, J Surman, R McLaughlin, GC AF Pruet, J Surman, R McLaughlin, GC TI On the contribution of gamma-ray bursts to the Galactic inventory of some intermediate-mass nuclei SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; gamma rays : bursts; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances ID ACCRETION DISKS; BLACK-HOLES; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; ABUNDANCES; DISCOVERY; EVOLUTION; STARS; EXPLOSIONS; AFTERGLOW; EJECTA AB Light curves from a growing number of gamma- ray bursts ( GRBs) indicate that GRBs copiously produce radioactive Ni moving outward at fractions of the speed of light. We calculate nuclear abundances of elements accompanying the outflowing Ni under the assumption that this Ni originates from a wind blown off of a viscous accretion disk. We also show that GRBs likely contribute appreciably to the Galactic inventory of (42)Ca, (45)Sc, (46)Ti, (49)Ti, and (63)Cu, and may be an important site for the production of (64)Zn. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div N, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Union Coll, Dept Phys, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Pruet, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div N, L-414, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM pruet1@llnl.gov; surmanr@union.edu; gail_mclaughlin@ncsu.edu NR 31 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 602 IS 2 BP L101 EP L104 DI 10.1086/382730 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 779ZL UT WOS:000189343800008 ER PT J AU Wang, HB You, W Jiang, P Yu, LP Wang, HH AF Wang, HB You, W Jiang, P Yu, LP Wang, HH TI Supramolecular self-assembly of conjugated diblock copolymers SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE conjugation; diblock copolymers; micelles; oligo-(phenylene vinylene); self-assembly ID COIL BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; SOLID-STATE; POLYMERS; ORGANIZATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; SEPARATION; MORPHOLOGY; MICELLES; DEVICES; DIODES AB This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of a novel series of copolymers with different lengths of oligo(phenylene vinylene) (OPV) as the rod block, and poly(propylene oxide) as the coil block. Detailed characterization by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) revealed the strong tendency of these copolymers to self-assemble into cylindrical micelles in solution and as-casted films on a nanometer scale. These micelles have a cylindrical OPV core surrounded by a poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) corona and readily align with each other to form parallel packed structures when mica is used as the substrate. A packing model has been proposed for these cylindrical micelles. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yu, LP (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, 5735 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM lupingyu@midway.uchicago.edu RI You, Wei/C-1333-2011 NR 33 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 25 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 10 IS 4 BP 986 EP 993 DI 10.1002/chem.200305554 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 780LW UT WOS:000189383000018 PM 14978825 ER PT J AU Keller, BJ Hurst, SK Dunham, SO Spangler, L Abbott, EH Peterson, ES AF Keller, BJ Hurst, SK Dunham, SO Spangler, L Abbott, EH Peterson, ES TI Solution equilibria leading to the formation of metal-metal bonds in partially oxidized bisoxalatoplatinate(II) systems SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE platinum; dimer; polymer; oxalato; partially oxidized ID RAY STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; TETRANUCLEAR PLATINUM COMPLEX; DIOXALATOPLATINATE; OXIDATION; COMPOUND; CATIONS; CRYSTAL; LIGANDS; OXALATO; STATE AB The reaction between [Pt-II(Ox)(2)](2-) and an appropriate oxidant resulted in the formation of the dimeric unbridged platinum Complex [{Pt-III(Ox)(2)}(2)](2-) where (Ox) is oxalate. This complex was moderately stable under ambient conditions and was studied via a variety of NMR and spectrophotometric techniques. Reaction of the [{Pt-III(Ox)(2)}(2)](2-) complex with [Pt-II(Ox)(2)](2-) in the presence of H+ lead to the formation of a series of longer platinum oligomers with non-integral oxidation states, culminating in the formation of partially oxidized platinum polymers of general formula [{Pt(Ox)(2)}(n)](n-). The concentration of H+ was an important factor leading to higher oligomers and the approximate number of protons associated with each oligomer was determined. The analogous [{Pt-III(Mal)(2)}(2)](2-) complex, where (Mal) is the malonate anion, was also synthesized and studied but was shown to be significantly less stable. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. RP Abbott, EH (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 115 Gaines Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM eabbott@montana.edu OI Spangler, Lee/0000-0002-3870-6696 NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 357 IS 3 BP 853 EP 858 DI 10.1016/j.ica.2003.09.009 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 778FL UT WOS:000189228700030 ER PT J AU De Martino, S De Siena, S Fedele, R Tzenov, S AF De Martino, S De Siena, S Fedele, R Tzenov, S TI Mesoscopic description of dynamical systems: Hierarchy of recursive equations for the moments of the density distribution with an application to charged particle beam dynamics SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-WAVE MODEL AB The quantumlike formalism in the form of Madelung fluid has been applied to describe the collective dynamics of a mesoscopic aggregate of particles in a potential field. The scheme has been specialized to the one-degree-of-freedom dynamics of a charged particle beam in an accelerator in the presence of high-order multipole nonlinearities. A hierarchy of recursive equations satisfied by the moments of the density distribution has been obtained. It has been shown that the recursion relations can be in principle solved if a finite number of the first several moments is known. Beam dynamics in the presence of octupole and decapole nonlinearities has been studied as an example, demonstrating the above scheme. It has been shown that an appropriate mechanism can be introduced to control stability and coherence of states when high-order nonlinearities have to be taken into account. C1 Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis E R Caianiello, I-84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Grp Collegato Salerno, I-84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Mat, Unita Salerno, I-84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Mat, Unita Salerno, I-84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy. RP De Martino, S (reprint author), Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis E R Caianiello, Via S Allende, I-84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy. RI Fedele, Renato/I-6689-2012; OI Fedele, Renato/0000-0003-3130-0287; Tzenov, Stephan/0000-0001-8672-308X NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4-5 BP 655 EP 665 DI 10.1142/S0217979204024276 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 817ZV UT WOS:000221216300022 ER PT J AU Fiechtner, GJ Cummings, EB AF Fiechtner, GJ Cummings, EB TI Low-dispersion electrokinetic flows for expanded separation channels in microfluidic systems: Multiple faceted interfaces SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Symposium on Capillary Chrmatography and Electrophoresis CY MAY 18-22, 2003 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA DE electrochromatography; chip technology; microfluidics; electrokinetic flows; instrumentation; dispersion; band profiles ID CAPILLARY-ZONE-ELECTROPHORESIS; OPTICAL WAVE-GUIDES; MICROCHIP ELECTROPHORESIS; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; RECTANGULAR MICROCHANNELS; MONOLITHIC INTEGRATION; ABSORBENCY DETECTION; ELECTROOSMOTIC FLOW; SAMPLE PREPARATION AB A novel methodology to design on-chip conduction channels is presented for expansion of low-dispersion separation channels. Designs are examined using two-dimensional numerical solutions of the Laplace equation with a Monte Carlo technique to model diffusion. The design technique relies on trigonometric relations that apply for ideal electrokinetic flows. Flows are rotated and stretched along the abrupt interface between adjacent regions having differing specific permeability. Multiple interfaces can be placed in series along a channel. The resulting channels can be expanded to extreme widths while minimizing dispersion of injected analyte bands. These channels can provide a long path length for line-of-sight optical absorption measurements. Expanded sections can be reduced to enable point detection at the exit section of the channel. Designed to be shallow, these channels have extreme aspect ratios in the wide section, greatly increasing the surface-to-volume ratio to increase heat removal and decrease unwanted pressure-driven flow. The use of multiple interfaces is demonstrated by considering several three-interface designs. Faceted flow splitters can be constructed to divide channels into any number of exit channels while minimizing dispersion. The resulting manifolds can be used to construct medians for structural support in wide, shallow channels. (C) 2003 Elsevier B. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Fiechtner, GJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS 9951, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM gjfiech@sandia.gov NR 104 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 1027 IS 1-2 BP 245 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.08.050 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 767XJ UT WOS:000188498900034 PM 14971509 ER PT J AU Franz, JA Shaw, WJ Lamb, CN Autrey, T Kolwaite, DS Camaioni, DM Alnajar, MS AF Franz, JA Shaw, WJ Lamb, CN Autrey, T Kolwaite, DS Camaioni, DM Alnajar, MS TI Absolute rate constants for reactions of tributylstannyl radicals with bromoalkanes, episulfides, and alpha-halomethyl-episulfides, -cyclopropanes, and -oxiranes: New rate expressions for sulfur and bromine atom abstraction SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OXIRANYLCARBINYL RADICALS; ORGANOTIN HYDRIDES; TRIETHYL PHOSPHITE; REARRANGEMENT; EPOXIDES; SULFIDES; HALIDES; SPIRO<2.N>ALKANES; THIIRANES; CLEAVAGE AB Arrhenius rate expressions were determined for the abstraction of bromine atom from 2-phenethyl bromide by tri-n-butylstannyl radical (Bu3Sn.) in benzene using transient absorption spectroscopy, (log(k(abs,Br)/M-1 s(-1)) = (9.21 +/- 0.20) - (2.23 +/- 0.28)/theta, theta = 2.3RT kcal/mol, errors are 2sigma) and for the abstraction of sulfur atom from propylene sulfide to form propylene, (log(k(s)/M-1 s(-1)) = (8.75 +/- 0.91) - (2.35 +/- 1.33)/theta). Rate constants for reactions of organic bromides, RBr, with Bu3Sn. were found to vary as R = benzyl (15.6) > thiiranylmethyl (6.2) > oxiranylmethyl (3.1) > cyclopropylmethyl (1.3) > 2-phenethyl (1.0), with k(abs,Br) = 6.8 x 10(7) M-1 s(-1) at 353 K for 2-phenethyl bromide. Bromine abstraction from alpha-bromomethylthiirane is about 7-fold faster than sulfur atom abstraction and is comparable to the reactivity of a secondary alkyl bromide. The potential surface for the vinylthiomethyl --> allylthiyl radical rearrangement at UB3LYP/6-31G(d) and UB3LYP/6-311+G-(2d,2p) levels of theory suggests that the thiiranylmethyl radical is produced about 9 kcal/mol above the allylthiyl radical on the rearrangement surface, consistent with the observed enhancement of the Br atom abstraction from the thiirane and with synchronous C-S bond scission of the thiirane ring. The selectivities reported in this work for S vs Cl and Br abstraction provide applications for radical-based synthesis and new competition basis rate expressions for trialkylstannyl radicals. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Chem, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. RP Franz, JA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM james.franz@pnl.gov NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 4 BP 1020 EP 1027 DI 10.1021/jo035467h PG 8 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 773ZN UT WOS:000188955400003 PM 14961649 ER PT J AU Ahrens, J Bai, X Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, JK Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Binon, F Biron, A Boersma, DJ Boser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Burgess, T Carius, S Castermans, T Chen, A Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Dewulf, JP Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Gaug, M Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Gross, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Harenberg, T Hauschildt, T Helbing, K Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Karle, A Kestel, M Kopke, L Kowalski, M Kuehn, K Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Lindahl, P Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Munich, K Nahnhauer, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schlenstedt, S Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Wang, YR Wiebusch, CH Wiedemann, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G AF Ahrens, J Bai, X Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, JK Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Binon, F Biron, A Boersma, DJ Boser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Burgess, T Carius, S Castermans, T Chen, A Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Dewulf, JP Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Gaug, M Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Gross, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Harenberg, T Hauschildt, T Helbing, K Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Karle, A Kestel, M Kopke, L Kowalski, M Kuehn, K Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Lindahl, P Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Munich, K Nahnhauer, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schlenstedt, S Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Wang, YR Wiebusch, CH Wiedemann, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G TI Search for extraterrestrial point sources of neutrinos with AMANDA-II SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS; DETECTORS; SPECTRUM AB We present the results of a search for point sources of high-energy neutrinos in the northern hemisphere using AMANDA-II data collected in the year 2000. Included are flux limits on several active-galactic-nuclei blazars, microquasars, magnetars, and other candidate neutrino sources. A search for excesses above a random background of cosmic-ray-induced atmospheric neutrinos and misreconstructed downgoing cosmic-ray muons reveals no statistically significant neutrino point sources. We show that AMANDA-II has achieved the sensitivity required to probe known TeV gamma-ray sources such as the blazar Markarian 501 in its 1997 flaring state at a level where neutrino and gamma-ray fluxes are equal. C1 Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. BU Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys 8, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Free Univ Brussels, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. DESY Zeuthen, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. Kalmar Univ, Dept Technol, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Mons Hainaut, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Fis, Caracas 1080, Venezuela. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. Uppsala Univ, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Free Univ Brussels, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. RP Ahrens, J (reprint author), Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RI Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; GAug, Markus/L-2340-2014 OI Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; GAug, Markus/0000-0001-8442-7877 NR 17 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 7 AR 071102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.071102 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 776VF UT WOS:000189139500007 PM 14995836 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Barillari, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Andreotti, M Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Vetere, ML Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Aspinwall, ML Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Diberder, FL Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Hart, PA Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Milek, M Patel, PM Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Pulliam, T Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Manfredi, PF Re, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Ricca, GD Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Barillari, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Andreotti, M Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Vetere, ML Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Aspinwall, ML Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Diberder, FL Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Hart, PA Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Milek, M Patel, PM Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Pulliam, T Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Manfredi, PF Re, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Ricca, GD Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BaBAR Collaboration TI Measurement of the inclusive charmless semileptonic branching ratio of B mesons and determination of vertical bar V-ub vertical bar SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTRUM; HIGH-ENERGY; DECAYS; HADRONS; MODEL; LEP AB We report a measurement of the inclusive charmless semileptonic branching fraction of B mesons in a sample of 89x10(6) B(b) over bar events recorded with the BABAR detector at the Y(4S) resonance. Events are selected by fully reconstructing the decay of one B meson and identifying a charged lepton from the decay of the other B meson. The number of signal events is extracted from the mass distribution of the hadronic system accompanying the lepton and is used to determine the ratio of branching fractions B((B) over bar --> X(u)l (v) over bar)/B((B) over bar --> Xl (v) over bar) = [2.06 +/- 0.25(stat) +/- 0.23(syst) +/- 0.36(theo)] x 10(-2). Using the measured branching fraction for inclusive semileptonic B decays, we find B((B) over bar --> X(u)l (V) over bar) = [2.24+/-0.27(stat) +/- 0.26(syst) +/- 0.39(theo)] x 10(-3) and derive the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element parallel toV(ub)parallel to = [4.62 +/- 0.28(stat) +/- 0.27(syst) +/- 0.48(theo)] x 10(-3). C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009 OI Raven, Gerhard/0000-0002-2897-5323; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Cavoto, Gianluca/0000-0003-2161-918X; Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103; Re, Valerio/0000-0003-0697-3420; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747 NR 27 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 7 AR 071802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.071802 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 776VF UT WOS:000189139500011 PM 15245076 ER PT J AU Chen, L White, RB Zonca, F AF Chen, L White, RB Zonca, F TI Zonal-flow dynamics and size scaling of anomalous transport SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TURBULENCE; PLASMAS; WAVES; DRIFT AB Nonlinear equations for the slow space-time evolution of the radial drift-wave envelope and zonal flow amplitude have been self-consistently derived for a model nonuniform tokamak equilibrium within the coherent four-wave drift wave-zonal flow modulation interaction model of Chen, Lin, and White [Phys. Plasmas 7, 3129 (2000)]. Solutions clearly demonstrate turbulence spreading due to nonlinearly enhanced dispersiveness and, consequently, the device-size dependence of the saturated wave intensities and transport coefficients. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. CR Frascati, EURATOM Assoc, ENEA Fus, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. RP Chen, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RI chen, liu/I-2297-2013; White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 NR 13 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 7 AR 075004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.075004 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 776VF UT WOS:000189139500036 PM 14995865 ER PT J AU Edwards, J Lorenz, KT Remington, BA Pollaine, S Colvin, J Braun, D Lasinski, BF Reisman, D McNaney, JM Greenough, JA Wallace, R Louis, H Kalantar, D AF Edwards, J Lorenz, KT Remington, BA Pollaine, S Colvin, J Braun, D Lasinski, BF Reisman, D McNaney, JM Greenough, JA Wallace, R Louis, H Kalantar, D TI Laser-driven plasma loader for shockless compression and acceleration of samples in the solid state SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GIANT PLANETS; ISENTROPIC COMPRESSION; HYDROGEN; INTERIORS; EQUATION; GPA AB A new method for shockless compression and acceleration of solid materials is presented. A plasma reservoir pressurized by a laser-driven shock unloads across a vacuum gap and piles up against an Al sample thus providing the drive. The rear surface velocity of the Al was measured with a line VISAR, and used to infer load histories. These peaked between similar to0.14 and 0.5 Mbar with strain rates similar to10(6)-10(8) s(-1). Detailed simulations suggest that apart from surface layers the samples can remain close to the room temperature isentrope. The experiments, analysis, and future prospects are discussed. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Edwards, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 38 TC 88 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 7 AR 075002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.075002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 776VF UT WOS:000189139500034 PM 14995863 ER PT J AU Eguchi, K Enomoto, S Furuno, K Ikeda, H Ikeda, K Inoue, K Ishihara, K Iwamoto, T Kawashima, T Kishimoto, Y Koga, M Koseki, Y Maeda, T Mitsui, T Motoki, M Nakajima, K Ogawa, H Owada, K Piquemal, F Shimizu, I Shirai, J Suekane, F Suzuki, A Tada, K Tajima, O Takayama, T Tamae, K Watanabe, H Busenitz, J Djurcic, Z McKinny, K Mei, DM Piepke, A Yakushev, E Berger, BE Chan, YD Decowski, MP Dwyer, DA Freedman, SJ Fu, Y Fujikawa, BK Goldman, J Heeger, KM Lesko, KT Luk, KB Murayama, H Nygren, DR Okada, CE Poon, AWP Steiner, HM Winslow, LA Horton-Smith, GA Mauger, C McKeown, RD Tipton, B Vogel, P Lane, CE Miletic, T Gorham, PW Guillian, G Learned, JG Maricic, J Matsuno, S Pakvasa, S Dazeley, S Hatakeyama, S Svoboda, R Dieterle, BD DiMauro, M Detwiler, J Gratta, G Ishii, K Tolich, N Uchida, Y Batygov, M Bugg, W Efremenko, Y Kamyshkov, Y Kozlov, A Nakamura, Y Gould, CR Karwowski, HJ Markoff, DM Messimore, JA Nakamura, K Rohm, RM Tornow, W Young, AR Chen, MJ Wang, YF AF Eguchi, K Enomoto, S Furuno, K Ikeda, H Ikeda, K Inoue, K Ishihara, K Iwamoto, T Kawashima, T Kishimoto, Y Koga, M Koseki, Y Maeda, T Mitsui, T Motoki, M Nakajima, K Ogawa, H Owada, K Piquemal, F Shimizu, I Shirai, J Suekane, F Suzuki, A Tada, K Tajima, O Takayama, T Tamae, K Watanabe, H Busenitz, J Djurcic, Z McKinny, K Mei, DM Piepke, A Yakushev, E Berger, BE Chan, YD Decowski, MP Dwyer, DA Freedman, SJ Fu, Y Fujikawa, BK Goldman, J Heeger, KM Lesko, KT Luk, KB Murayama, H Nygren, DR Okada, CE Poon, AWP Steiner, HM Winslow, LA Horton-Smith, GA Mauger, C McKeown, RD Tipton, B Vogel, P Lane, CE Miletic, T Gorham, PW Guillian, G Learned, JG Maricic, J Matsuno, S Pakvasa, S Dazeley, S Hatakeyama, S Svoboda, R Dieterle, BD DiMauro, M Detwiler, J Gratta, G Ishii, K Tolich, N Uchida, Y Batygov, M Bugg, W Efremenko, Y Kamyshkov, Y Kozlov, A Nakamura, Y Gould, CR Karwowski, HJ Markoff, DM Messimore, JA Nakamura, K Rohm, RM Tornow, W Young, AR Chen, MJ Wang, YF CA KamLAND Collaboration TI High sensitivity search for (nu)over-bar(e)'s from the Sun and other sources at KamLAND SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-NEUTRINO OBSERVATIONS; MAGNETIC-MOMENT; OSCILLATION PARAMETERS; MATTER; KAMIOKANDE; DECAY; ANTINEUTRINOS; BOSON; FLUX; B-8 AB Data corresponding to a KamLAND detector exposure of 0.28 kton yr has been used to search for (v) over bar (e)'s in the energy range 8.3 10(4)) in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for characterization of the human plasma proteome. Using conservative SEQUEST peptide identification criteria (i.e., without considering chymotryptic or elastic peptides) and peptide LC normalized elution time constraints, the separation quality enabled the identification of proteins over a dynamic range of greater than 8 orders of magnitude in relative abundance using ion trap MS/MS instrumentation. Between 800 and 1682 human proteins were identified, depending on the criteria used for identification, from a total of 365 mug of human plasma. The analyses identified relatively low-level (similar topg/mL) proteins (e.g., cytokines) coexisting with high-abundance proteins (e.g., mg/mL-level serum albumin). C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Shriners Burn Ctr, Dept Surg, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; xiao, wenzhong/0000-0003-4944-6380 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR 018522]; NIGMS NIH HHS [U54 GM 62119-02, U54 GM062119] NR 35 TC 240 Z9 250 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 76 IS 4 BP 1134 EP 1144 DI 10.1021/ac034869m PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 776QC UT WOS:000189127100035 PM 14961748 ER PT J AU Ohkubo, I Christen, HM Khalifah, P Sathyamurthy, S Zhai, HY Rouleau, CM Mandrus, DG Lowndes, DH AF Ohkubo, I Christen, HM Khalifah, P Sathyamurthy, S Zhai, HY Rouleau, CM Mandrus, DG Lowndes, DH TI Continuous composition-spread thin films of transition metal oxides by pulsed-laser deposition SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Japan-United States Workshop on Combinatorial Material Science and Technology CY DEC 09-11, 2002 CL WINTER PK, COLORADO DE composition spread; transition metal; oxides; PLD; epitaxial thin films AB We have designed an improved pulsed-laser deposition-continuous composition-spread (PLD-CCS) system that overcomes the difficulties associated with earlier related techniques. Our new PLD-CCS system is based on a precisely controlled synchronization between the laser firing, target exchange, and substrate translation/rotation, and offers more flexibility and control than earlier PLD-based approaches. Most importantly, the deposition energetics and the film thickness are kept constant across the entire composition range, and the resulting samples are sufficiently large to allow characterization by conventional techniques. We fabricated binary alloy composition-spread films composed of SrRuO3 and CaRuO3. Alternating ablation from two different ceramic targets leads to in situ alloy formation, and the value of x in SrxCax-1RuO3 can be changed linearly from 0 to 1 (or over any arbitrarily smaller range) along one direction of the substrate. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ohkubo, I (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM okuboi@ornl.gov RI Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014; Rouleau, Christopher/Q-2737-2015; OHKUBO, Isao/B-9553-2013 OI Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469; Rouleau, Christopher/0000-0002-5488-3537; OHKUBO, Isao/0000-0002-4187-0112 NR 5 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 223 IS 1-3 BP 35 EP 38 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00914-0 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 768CM UT WOS:000188510700007 ER PT J AU Perkins, JD Teplin, CW van Hest, MFAM Alleman, JL Li, X Dabney, MS Keyes, BM Gedvilas, LM Ginley, DS Lin, Y Lu, Y AF Perkins, JD Teplin, CW van Hest, MFAM Alleman, JL Li, X Dabney, MS Keyes, BM Gedvilas, LM Ginley, DS Lin, Y Lu, Y TI Optical analysis of thin film combinatorial libraries SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Japan-United States Workshop on Combinatorial Material Science and Technology CY DEC 09-11, 2002 CL WINTER PK, COLORADO DE transparent conducting oxide (TCO); thin film combinatorial libraries; optical coatings ID TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDES; HIGH-THROUGHPUT EVALUATION; COATINGS AB We have developed, and are using, optical reflection and transmission mapping as a characterization tool for analyzing compositionally graded thin film combinatorial libraries. Measurements cover the spectral range of 200 nm to 25 mum. For the UV-Vis-NIR region, a multichannel fiber optically coupled CCD array-based spectrometer is used for simultaneous reflection and transmission mapping. For the IR, a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer is used for sequential reflection and transmission maps. Depending upon the type of library being analyzed, the measured spectra can, with appropriate modeling, be analyzed for the optical band gap, film thickness, index of refraction, plasma frequency, conductivity, carrier scattering time and color, in addition to simple reflectance and transmittance. We discuss these techniques using examples taken from our work on both transparent conducting oxides and metal nitrides for optical coatings. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Guardian Ind, Auburn Hills, MI 48326 USA. RP Perkins, JD (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM john_perkins@nrel.gov NR 19 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 223 IS 1-3 BP 124 EP 132 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00917-6 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 768CM UT WOS:000188510700021 ER PT J AU Li, XA Gessert, TA Coutts, T AF Li, XA Gessert, TA Coutts, T TI The properties of cadmium tin oxide thin-film compounds prepared by linear combinatorial synthesis SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Japan-United States Workshop on Combinatorial Material Science and Technology CY DEC 09-11, 2002 CL WINTER PK, COLORADO DE thin film; transparent conducting oxides; cadmium tin oxide; MOCVD; linear combinatorial synthesis; material properties ID TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDES; CDO FILMS; DEPOSITION AB SnO2 and CdO films with high electrical and optical quality have been produced by using low-pressure metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Based on the knowledge gained from binary oxide formation, linear combinatorial synthesis is used to study the ternary oxide (Cd-Sn-O) compound. Compositional, structural, electrical, and optical properties of the films are found to vary along the reactant gas flow direction. The crystal structure indicates that the CdO-like films are formed near the location of gas injection and SnO2-like films near the end of the deposition zone. As composition and structure change, the carrier concentration varies around 10(20) cm(-3), and the mobility increases from less than 1 to similar to60 cm(2) V-1 s(-1). The optical bandgap of the films also increases from similar to2.75 to 3.65 eV as composition moves from CdO-Iike films to SnO2-like films. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Li, XA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM xiaonan_li@nrel.gov NR 19 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 223 IS 1-3 BP 138 EP 143 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00909-7 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 768CM UT WOS:000188510700023 ER PT J AU Chu, YS Tkachuk, A Vogt, S Ilinski, P Walko, DA Mancini, DC Dufresne, EM He, L Tsui, F AF Chu, YS Tkachuk, A Vogt, S Ilinski, P Walko, DA Mancini, DC Dufresne, EM He, L Tsui, F TI Structural investigation of CoMnGe combinatorial epitaxial thin films using microfocused synchrotron X-ray SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Japan-United States Workshop on Combinatorial Material Science and Technology CY DEC 09-11, 2002 CL WINTER PK, COLORADO DE CoMnGe; composition-spread; phase diagram; X-ray diffraction ID CU(111) AB We discuss important experimental considerations and high-throughput synchrotron-based techniques for structural characterization of binary and ternary composition-spread thin films. We apply these techniques to obtain detailed structural phase diagrams of CoMnGe ternary alloy system. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Chu, YS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ychu@aps.anl.gov RI He, Liang/E-5935-2012; Vogt, Stefan/B-9547-2009; Vogt, Stefan/J-7937-2013 OI Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513 NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 223 IS 1-3 BP 175 EP 182 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00894-8 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 768CM UT WOS:000188510700028 ER PT J AU Vogt, S Chu, YS Tkachuk, A Ilinski, P Walko, DA Tsui, F AF Vogt, S Chu, YS Tkachuk, A Ilinski, P Walko, DA Tsui, F TI Composition characterization of combinatorial materials by scanning X-ray fluorescence microscopy using microfocused synchrotron X-ray beam SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Japan-United States Workshop on Combinatorial Material Science and Technology CY DEC 09-11, 2002 CL WINTER PK, COLORADO DE CoMnGe; composition-spread; X-ray fluorescence; X-ray diffraction; synchrotron radiation instrumentation AB We describe a high-throughput scanning X-ray fluorescence (XRF) microscopy setup using a microfocused synchrotron X-ray beam, which is optimized for in-parallel X-ray characterization of composition and crystalline structure of combinatorial samples. We present X-ray fluorescence elemental maps of a full ternary CoxMnyGe1-x-y composition-spread thin film and discuss the quantitative analysis method used for obtaining the ternary composition. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Chu, YS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ychu@aps.anl.gov RI Vogt, Stefan/B-9547-2009; Vogt, Stefan/J-7937-2013 OI Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513 NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 223 IS 1-3 BP 214 EP 219 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00895-X PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 768CM UT WOS:000188510700035 ER PT J AU Teplin, CW van Hest, MFAM Dabney, M Perkins, CL Gedvillas, LM To, B Parilla, PA Keyes, BM Perkins, JD Ginley, DS Lin, YP Lu, YW AF Teplin, CW van Hest, MFAM Dabney, M Perkins, CL Gedvillas, LM To, B Parilla, PA Keyes, BM Perkins, JD Ginley, DS Lin, YP Lu, YW TI Combinatorial study of reactively sputtered Cr-Ti-N SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Japan-United States Workshop on Combinatorial Material Science and Technology CY DEC 09-11, 2002 CL WINTER PK, COLORADO DE combinatorial; dc sputtering; CrN; TiN ID NITRIDE THIN-FILMS; (TI1-XCRX)N COATINGS; TITANIUM; TEMPERATURE AB A combinatorial study of ternary Cr-Ti-N libraries is reported. Sixteen libraries were grown with a range of metallic composition gradients and different nitrogen contents. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron microprobe analysis (EPMA) show that these libraries encompass a large portion of the ternary phase space. Optical transmission and reflection measurements from near ultra-violet to infra-red wavelengths suggest that both the color and infra-red reflectivity can be optimized for this ternary system.(C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Guardian Ind, Auburn Hills, MI 48326 USA. RP Teplin, CW (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM charles_teplin@nrel.gov NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 223 IS 1-3 BP 253 EP 258 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00927-9 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 768CM UT WOS:000188510700044 ER PT J AU Liu, W Bratko, D Prausnitz, JM Blanch, HW AF Liu, W Bratko, D Prausnitz, JM Blanch, HW TI Effect of alcohols on aqueous lysozyme-lysozyme interactions from static light-scattering measurements SO BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE alcohols; protein-protein interactions; osmotic second virial coefficient; hydrophobic interactions; potential of mean force ID EGG-WHITE LYSOZYME; CONCENTRATED ELECTROLYTE; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; PRION PROTEIN; CRYSTALLIZATION; COLLOIDS; STABILIZATION; PRECIPITATION; MECHANISM; MOLECULES AB Alcohols have been widely used as protein denaturants, precipitants and crystallization reagents. We have studied the effect of alcohols on aqueous hen-egg lysozyme self-interactions by measuring the osmotic second virial coefficient (B-22) using static light scattering. Addition of alcohols increases B-22, indicating stronger protein-protein repulsion or weaker attraction. For the monohydric alcohols used in this study (methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, n-butanol, iso-butanol and trifluoroethanol), B22 for lysozyme reaches a common plateau at approximately 5% (v/v) alcohol, while glycerol increases B-22 more than monohydric alcohols. For a 0.05 M NaCl hen-egg lysozyme solution at pH 7, B-22 increases from 2.4 x 10(-4) to 4.7 x 10(-4) ml Mol/g(2) upon addition of monohydric alcohols and to 5.8 x 10(-4) ml mol/ g(2) upon addition of glycerol. We describe the alcohol effect using a simple model that supplements the DLVO theory with an additional alcohol-dependent term representing orientation-averaged hydrophobic interactions. In this model, the increased lysozyme repulsive forces in the presence of monohydric alcohols are interpreted in terms of adsorption of alcohol molecules on hydrophobic sites on the protein surface. This adsorption reduces attractive hydrophobic protein-protein interactions. A thicker lysozyme hydration layer in aqueous glycerol solution can explain the glycerol-increased lysozyme-lysozyme repulsion. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Chem Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Blanch, HW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, 201 Gilman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM blanch@socrates.berkeley.edu NR 48 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-4622 J9 BIOPHYS CHEM JI Biophys. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 107 IS 3 BP 289 EP 298 DI 10.1016/j.bpc.2003.09.012 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry GA 778CV UT WOS:000189222300009 PM 14967244 ER PT J AU Mankelow, TJ Spring, FA Parsons, SF Brady, RL Mohandas, N Chasis, JA Anstee, DJ AF Mankelow, TJ Spring, FA Parsons, SF Brady, RL Mohandas, N Chasis, JA Anstee, DJ TI Identification of critical amino-acid residues on the erythroid intercellular adhesion molecule-4 (ICAM-4) mediating adhesion to alpha(v) integrins SO BLOOD LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 44th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 06-10, 2002 CL PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA SP Amer Soc Hematol ID FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1; BLOOD-GROUP PROTEIN; LEUKOCYTE INTEGRIN; EXTRACELLULAR SEGMENT; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COUNTER-RECEPTOR; BINDING-SITES; CELL-ADHESION; LW; MEMBRANE AB Intercellular adhesion molecule-4 (ICAM-4, syn. LW glycoprotein) interacts with the integrins alpha(L)beta(2), alpha(M)beta(2), A(4)beta(1), the alpha(V) family, and alpha(11b)beta(3). Systematic mutagenesis of surface-exposed residues conserved between human and murine ICAM-4 defined 12 single amino-acid changes that affect the interaction of ICAM-4 with alpha(V) integrins. Mutation of 10 of these residues, 8 of which are spatially close on the surface of the molecule, led to a reduction in adhesion. Moreover, peptides corresponding to regions of ICAM-4 involved in its interaction with alpha(v) integrins inhibited these interactions. The other 2 mutations increased the extent of interaction of ICAM-4 with alpha(V) integrins. These mutations appear to prevent glycosylation of N160, suggesting that changes in glycosylation may modulate ICAM-4-alpha(V) integrin interactions. The region of ICAM-4 identified as the binding site for av integrins is adjacent to the binding sites for alpha(L)beta(2) and alpha(M)beta(2). Selective binding of ICAM-4 to different integrins may be important for a variety of normal red cell functions and also relevant to the pathology of thrombotic disorders And vasoocclusive events in sickle cell disease. Our findings suggest the feasibility of developing selective inhibitors of ICAM-4-integrin adhesion of therapeutic value in these diseases. C1 Bristol Inst Transfus Sci, Bristol BS10 5ND, Avon, England. Univ Bristol, Dept Biochem, Bristol, Avon, England. New York Blood Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mankelow, TJ (reprint author), Bristol Inst Transfus Sci, Southmead Rd, Bristol BS10 5ND, Avon, England. EM tosti.mankelow@nbs.nhs.uk FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL31579]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK56267] NR 39 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1503 EP 1508 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 772EL UT WOS:000188828200054 PM 14551135 ER PT J AU Riebe, CS Kirchner, JW Finkel, RC AF Riebe, CS Kirchner, JW Finkel, RC TI Sharp decrease in long-term chemical weathering rates along an altitudinal transect SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE chemical weathering rates; weathering-climate feedbacks; physical erosion rates; cosmogenic nuclides ID COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; MASS-BALANCE; ALLUVIAL SEDIMENT; PHYSICAL EROSION; CLIMATIC CONTROL; SILICATE ROCKS; SIERRA-NEVADA; PUERTO-RICO; DENUDATION; PLANTS AB We used cosmogenic nuclide and geochemical mass balance methods to measure long-term rates of chemical weathering and physical erosion across a steep climatic gradient in the Santa Rosa Mountains, Nevada. Our study sites are distributed along a 2 km ridgeline transect that spans 2090 to 2750 m in altitude, and encompasses marked contrasts in both vegetative cover and snow depth, but is underlain by a single, roughly uniform, granodiorite bedrock. Cosmogenic nuclides in colluvial soils reveal that denudation rates vary by less than a factor of 1.4 (104-144 t/km(2)/yr) along this transect. Bulk elemental analyses indicate that, relative to the parent rock, soils are less intensively weathered with increasing altitude, and show little evidence of weathering-related mass losses near the top of the ridge. Chemical weathering rates decrease rapidly with increasing altitude, both in absolute terms (from 24 to 0 t/km(2)/yr) and as a fraction of total denudation rates (from 20 to 0%). Thus these results indicate an increasing dominance of physical erosion with altitude. The observed decrease in chemical weathering rates is greater than one would predict from the decrease in mean annual temperature using simple weathering kinetics, suggesting that weathering rates along our transect may also be affected by the progressive decline in vegetative cover and increase in snow depth with increasing altitude. These results, considered together with weathering rate measurements for a wide range of climates in the Sierra Nevada, USA, suggest that chemical weathering rates may be particularly sensitive to differences in climate at higher-altitude sites. Consistent with this hypothesis, chemical weathering rates fall virtually to zero at the highest sites on our transect, suggesting that sparsely vegetated, high-altitude crystalline terrain may often be characterized by extremely slow silicate weathering rates. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Riebe, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM riebe@seismo.berkeley.edu; kirchner@seismo.berkeley.edu; finkeil@llnl.gov RI Kirchner, James/B-6126-2009; Riebe, Clifford/B-7670-2012 OI Kirchner, James/0000-0001-6577-3619; NR 38 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 218 IS 3-4 BP 421 EP 434 DI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00673-3 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 773FT UT WOS:000188887600014 ER PT J AU Aciego, S Kennedy, BM DePaolo, DJ Christensen, JN Hutcheon, I AF Aciego, S Kennedy, BM DePaolo, DJ Christensen, JN Hutcheon, I TI U-Th/He age of phenocrystic garnet from the 79 AD eruption of Mt. Vesuvius (vol 216, pg 209, 2003) SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Analyt & Nucl Chem Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Aciego, S (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aciego@eps.berkeley.edu; bmkennedy@lbl.gov; depaolo@eps.berkeley.edu; jnchristensen@lbl.gov; hutcheon1@llnl.gov RI Christensen, John/D-1475-2015 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 218 IS 3-4 BP 541 EP 541 DI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00614-9 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 773FT UT WOS:000188887600023 ER PT J AU McKinley, JP Zachara, JM Heald, SM Dohnalkova, A Newville, MG Sutton, SR AF McKinley, JP Zachara, JM Heald, SM Dohnalkova, A Newville, MG Sutton, SR TI Microscale distribution of cesium sorbed to biotite and muscovite SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HANFORD SITE; SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; SORPTION KINETICS; ION SELECTIVITY; MINERALS; ILLITE; CLAY; EXCHANGE; DESORPTION; FIXATION AB Individual 1-3 mm biotite and muscovite clasts from Hanford sediment were contacted with 0.08 M CsNO3. They were examined using electron or X-ray microprobe methods, as intact specimens or sectioned perpendicular to their basal planes. Cs+ was observed to preferentially sorb to mica edges, steps on mica surfaces, or fractured regions. The localization of Cs conformed to hypothesized strong binding to frayed edge sites in preference to sites on basal planes. In section, Cs+ was found to penetrate the mica interior, forming discrete zones of concentration, particularly in muscovite. In biotite, Cs was more abundant, permeating the clasts, but also forming discrete zones of higher concentration. Concentrated Cs on both clast edges and within clast interiors corresponded to microscopic but relatively extensive zones where K was depleted. The localization of sorbed Cs in areas where K was depleted suggested that weathering reactions had caused the formation of frayed edge sites within the micas. Cs+ accessed crystal interiors by diffusion along channels following crystal defects, cracks, or partings where pore fluids had previously migrated to form the interior alteration zones. On the nanometer scale, areas with localized Cs were disrupted, confirming that frayed edge sites were developed in clast interiors. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, PNC, CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, GSE, CARS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP McKinley, JP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MSIN K8-96,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM james.mckinley@pnl.gov NR 31 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 42 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 4 BP 1017 EP 1023 DI 10.1021/es034569m PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 774RC UT WOS:000188996600014 PM 14998013 ER PT J AU Amulele, GM Manghnani, MH Li, BS Errandonea, DJH Somayazulu, M Meng, Y AF Amulele, GM Manghnani, MH Li, BS Errandonea, DJH Somayazulu, M Meng, Y TI High pressure ultrasonic and x-ray studies on monolithic SiC composite SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; QUASI-HYDROSTATIC CONDITIONS; SILICON-CARBIDE; INELASTIC DEFORMATION; VELOCITY-MEASUREMENT; PHASE-TRANSITION; 10 GPA; INTERFEROMETRY; DIFFRACTION; DEPENDENCE AB The equation of state (pressure-volume relationship) of a monolithic SiC composite has been determined separately by high pressure ultrasonic and x-ray techniques. The ultrasonic measurements were performed on a cylindrical specimen, 2.2 mm in diameter and 2.2 mm in length, in a large-volume uniaxial split cylinder press to 13.6 GPa. The synchrotron measurements were carried out on the polycrystalline sample loaded in a diamond anvil cell up to a pressure of 27 GPa. The room temperature bulk modulus obtained from the ultrasonic measurements is K-0=216.5+/-1.1 GPa and the pressure derivative is K-0'=4.19+/-0.09. The shear modulus obtained is G(0)=196.7+/-0.7 GPa with its pressure derivative G(0)'=0.95+/-0.03. Using K-0(') obtained from the ultrasonic measurements in the Birch-Murnaghan equation to fit the synchrotron x-ray data, we obtain a bulk modulus of K-0=218.4+/-4.9 GPa for the composite. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean Earth Sci & Technol, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Ctr High Pressure Res, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Amulele, GM (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean Earth Sci & Technol, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM gamulele@soest.hawaii.edu RI Li, Baosheng/C-1813-2013; Errandonea, Daniel/J-7695-2016 OI Errandonea, Daniel/0000-0003-0189-4221 NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 4 BP 1806 EP 1810 DI 10.1063/1.1639141 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 769MP UT WOS:000188654100029 ER PT J AU Zvanut, ME Matlock, DM Henry, RL Koleske, D Wickenden, A AF Zvanut, ME Matlock, DM Henry, RL Koleske, D Wickenden, A TI Thermal activation of Mg-doped GaN as monitored by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; HYDROGEN PASSIVATION; GALLIUM NITRIDE; COMPENSATION; STABILITY AB The microscopic process involved with thermal activation of the Mg acceptors in GaN epitaxial films is investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Samples were heat treated in dry N-2 for 30 min at temperatures between 200 and 1000degreesC. Below 850degreesC, the data are consistent with release of hydrogen from a Mg complex and corroborate the initial assignment of the EPR signal to the p-type acceptor. However, the Mg-related EPR signal is permanently quenched for anneals above 850degreesC suggesting that additional point defects are created during high temperature treatment. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zvanut, ME (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM mezvanut@uab.edu NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 4 BP 1884 EP 1887 DI 10.1063/1.1639954 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 769MP UT WOS:000188654100041 ER PT J AU Kurtz, SR Allerman, AA Koleske, DD Baca, AG Briggs, RD AF Kurtz, SR Allerman, AA Koleske, DD Baca, AG Briggs, RD TI Electronic properties of the AlGaN/GaN heterostructure and two-dimensional electron gas observed by electroreflectance SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTOR; BOWING PARAMETER; DEVICES; ALLOYS AB A contacted electroreflectance technique was used to investigate AlGaN/GaN heterostructures and their intrinsic electric field-induced properties. By studying variations in the electroreflectance with applied field, spectral features associated with the AlGaN barrier, the two-dimensional electron gas at the interface, and bulk GaN were identified. Barrier-layer composition and electric field were determined from the AlGaN Franz-Keldysh oscillations. For a high mobility heterostructure grown on SiC, measured AlGaN polarization electric field and two-dimensional electron gas density approached values predicted by a standard bandstructure model. The two-dimensional electron gas produced a broad, field-tunable first derivative electroreflectance feature. With a dielectric function calculation, we describe the line shape and relative amplitude of the two-dimensional electron gas electroreflectance feature for a wide range of electron density and applied field values. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kurtz, SR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM srkurtz@sandia.gov NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 4 BP 1888 EP 1894 DI 10.1063/1.1639955 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 769MP UT WOS:000188654100042 ER PT J AU Tringe, JW Uhlman, TA Oliver, AC Houston, JE AF Tringe, JW Uhlman, TA Oliver, AC Houston, JE TI A single asperity study of Au/Au electrical contacts (vol 93, pg 4661, 2003) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Correction C1 USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tringe, JW (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 4 BP 2196 EP 2196 DI 10.1063/1.1641958 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 769MP UT WOS:000188654100094 ER PT J AU Volkov, VV Fadeev, AG Khotimsky, VS Litvinova, EG Selinskaya, YA McMillan, JD Kelley, SS AF Volkov, VV Fadeev, AG Khotimsky, VS Litvinova, EG Selinskaya, YA McMillan, JD Kelley, SS TI Effects of synthesis conditions on the pervaporation properties of poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] useful for membrane bioreactors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] (PTMSP); membranes; biological applications of polymers; structure-property relations; membrane bioreactor ID ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; WATER MIXTURES; POLY(1-TRIMETHYLSILYL-1-PROPYNE) MEMBRANES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; PTMSP MEMBRANES; TRANSPORT; POLYMERS; 1-(TRIMETHYLSILYL)-1-PROPYNE; BUTANOL AB An integrated fermentation and membrane-based recovery (pervaporation) process has certain economical advantages in continuous conversion of biomass into alcohols. This article presents new pervaporation data obtained for poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] (PTMSP) samples synthesized in various conditions. Three different catalytic systems, TaCl5/n-BuLi, TaCl5/Al(i-Bu)(3), and NbCl5 were used for synthesis of the polymers. It was found that the catalytic system has a significant influence over the properties of membranes made from PTMSP. Although a combination of a high permeation rate and a high ethanol-water separation factor (not less than 15) was provided by all PTMSP samples, the PTMSP samples synthesized with TaCl5/n-BuLi showed significant deterioration of membrane properties when acetic acid was present in the feed. In contrast, the PTMSP samples synthesized with TaCl5/Al(i-Bu)(3) or NbCl5 showed stable performance in the presence of acetic acid. When using a multicomponent mixture of organics and water, the copermeation of different organic components results in lower separation factor for both ethanol and butanol. These data are consistent with nanoporous morphology of PTMSP. It was demonstrated that pervaporative removal of ethanol improved the overall performance of the fermentation process. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 AV Topchiev Petrochem Synth Inst, Moscow 119991, Russia. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Volkov, VV (reprint author), AV Topchiev Petrochem Synth Inst, Leninsky Pr 29, Moscow 119991, Russia. EM vvolkov@ips.ac.ru RI Volkov, Vladimir/J-3757-2013 NR 30 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 16 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 91 IS 4 BP 2271 EP 2277 DI 10.1002/app.13358 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 761MR UT WOS:000187913000024 ER PT J AU Xu, J Overbury, SH AF Xu, J Overbury, SH TI H-2 reduction of CeO2(111) surfaces via boundary Rh-O mediation SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE oxide catalysis; oxygen-storage; ceria; reduction; CeO2(111); Rh; XPS ID GAS-SHIFT REACTION; OXYGEN-STORAGE; CO OXIDATION; OXIDE SURFACES; THIN-FILMS; CERIA; CATALYSTS; ADSORPTION; PD; SPECTROSCOPY AB One of the unique features of cerium oxide is its ability to be reversibly converted into oxygen-deficient structures when it is exposed to a reducing atmosphere. Chemical processes on ceria surfaces serve as gateways in controlling such oxygen transfer. In this work, we have prepared cerium oxide films on which Rh is vapor-deposited and measured the Ce oxidation state following sequential exposure to oxygen and hydrogen. The difference between the fraction of Ce4+ state of a ceria film resulting from room temperature O-2 exposure and the fraction following sequential H-2 exposure at 400 K was measured for various conditions. Our results show that to achieve an observable reduction by H-2 exposure, O-2 preexposure of the Rh-deposited ceria surface is needed. The H-2 reduction yield increases as the dose of Rh to CeO2 surface increases. Although this reduction process is observed in as-grown Rh-deposited ceria films, ion sputtering of Rh-dosed ceria surfaces enhances the yield of H-2 reduction. The need of both Rh dose and oxygen preexposure for reduction of ceria by hydrogen suggests that oxygen removal from ceria films is catalyzed by Rh-O. A mechanism is proposed in which Rh-O in intimate contact with ceria transfers hydrogen to ceria lattice oxygen, followed by oxygen removal from the ceria surface through water desorption. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Overbury, SH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM overburysh@ornl.gov RI Overbury, Steven/C-5108-2016 OI Overbury, Steven/0000-0002-5137-3961 NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 222 IS 1 BP 167 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2003.10.011 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 773UU UT WOS:000188943200016 ER PT J AU Aspuru-Guzik, A El Akramine, O Grossman, JC Lester, WA AF Aspuru-Guzik, A El Akramine, O Grossman, JC Lester, WA TI Quantum Monte Carlo for electronic excitations of free-base porphyrin SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXCITED-STATES; COUPLED-CLUSTER; PORPHIN; SPECTRUM AB Accurate calculations of allowed and nonallowed transitions in porphyrin are reported. Using the quantum Monte Carlo method in the diffusion Monte Carlo variant, the vertical transition between the ground state singlet and the second excited state singlet as well as the adiabatic transition between the ground state and the lowest triplet state have been computed for this 162-electron system. The present theoretical results are compared to experiment and to results of other theoretical methods. The diffusion Monte Carlo energy differences are found to be in excellent agreement with experiment. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Kenneth S Pitzer Ctr Theoret Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Aspuru-Guzik, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Kenneth S Pitzer Ctr Theoret Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Aspuru-Guzik, Alan/A-4984-2008 OI Aspuru-Guzik, Alan/0000-0002-8277-4434 NR 19 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 7 BP 3049 EP 3050 DI 10.1063/1.1646356 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 773CV UT WOS:000188880900001 PM 15268455 ER PT J AU Yamamoto, T Miller, WH AF Yamamoto, T Miller, WH TI On the efficient path integral evaluation of thermal rate constants within the quantum instanton approximation SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; MECHANICAL RATE CONSTANTS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; NONSEPARABLE SYSTEMS; SIMULATIONS; ALGORITHMS; EXPANSION; LIQUIDS AB We present an efficient path integral approach for evaluating thermal rate constants within the quantum instanton (QI) approximation that was recently introduced to overcome the quantitative deficiencies of the earlier semiclassical instanton approach [Miller, Zhao, Ceotto, and Yang, J. Chem. Phys. 119, 1329 (2003)]. Since the QI rate constant is determined solely by properties of the (quantum) Boltzmann operator (specifically, by the zero time properties of the flux-flux and delta-delta correlation functions), it can be evaluated by well-established techniques of imaginary time path integrals even for quite complex chemical reactions. Here we present a series of statistical estimators for relevant quantities which can be evaluated straightforwardly with any nonlinear reaction coordinates and general Hamiltonians in Cartesian space. To facilitate the search for the optimal dividing surfaces required by the QI approximation, we introduce a two-dimensional quantum free energy surface associated with the delta-delta correlation function and describe how an adaptive umbrella sampling can be used effectively to construct such a free energy surface. The overall computational procedure is illustrated by the application to a hydrogen exchange reaction in gas phase, which shows excellent agreement of the QI rates with those obtained from quantum scattering calculations. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Kenneth S Pitzer Ctr Theoret Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yamamoto, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM miller@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 55 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 7 BP 3086 EP 3099 DI 10.1063/1.1641005 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 773CV UT WOS:000188880900007 PM 15268461 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Yamamoto, T Miller, WH AF Zhao, Y Yamamoto, T Miller, WH TI Path integral calculation of thermal rate constants within the quantum instanton approximation: Application to the H+CH4 -> H-2+CH3 hydrogen abstraction reaction in full Cartesian space SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; MULTIDIMENSIONAL TUNNELING CONTRIBUTIONS; EXTENDED TEMPERATURE INTERVAL; MECHANICAL RATE CONSTANTS; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; DIMENSIONALITY CALCULATIONS; REDUCED DIMENSIONALITY; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB The quantum instanton approximation for thermal rate constants of chemical reactions [Miller, Zhao, Ceotto, and Yang, J. Chem. Phys. 119, 1329 (2003)], which is modeled after the earlier semiclassical instanton approach, is applied to the hydrogen abstraction reaction from methane by a hydrogen atom, H+CH4-->H-2+CH3, using a modified and recalibrated version of the Jordan-Gilbert potential surface. The quantum instanton rate is evaluated using path integral Monte Carlo approaches based on the recently proposed implementation schemes [Yamamoto and Miller, J. Chem. Phys. 120, 3086 (2004)]. The calculations were carried out using the Cartesian coordinates of all the atoms (thus involving 18 degrees of freedom), thereby taking explicit account of rotational effects of the whole system and also allowing the equivalent treatment of the four methane hydrogens. To achieve such a treatment, we present extended forms of the path integral estimators for relevant quantities that may be used for general N-atom systems with any generalized reaction coordinates. The quantum instanton rates thus obtained for the temperature range T=200-2000 K show good agreement with available experimental data, which gives support to the accuracy of the underlying potential surface used. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Kenneth S Pitzer Ctr Theoret Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhao, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM miller@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Zhao, Yi/G-4632-2010 NR 47 TC 84 Z9 84 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 7 BP 3100 EP 3107 DI 10.1063/1.1641006 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 773CV UT WOS:000188880900008 PM 15268462 ER PT J AU Hirata, S Yanai, T de Jong, WA Nakajima, T Hirao, K AF Hirata, S Yanai, T de Jong, WA Nakajima, T Hirao, K TI Third-order Douglas-Kroll relativistic coupled-cluster theory through connected single, double, triple, and quadruple substitutions: Applications to diatomic and triatomic hydrides SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; INFRARED-EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; DIODE-LASER SPECTROSCOPY; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; MANY-ELECTRON THEORY; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS; FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY; BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGIES; FULL CCSDT MODEL AB Coupled-cluster methods including through and up to the connected single, double, triple, and quadruple substitutions have been derived and implemented automatically for sequential and parallel executions by an algebraic and symbolic manipulation program TCE (TENSOR CONTRACTION ENGINE) for use in conjunction with a one-component third-order Douglas-Kroll approximation for relativistic corrections. A combination of the converging electron-correlation methods, the accurate relativistic reference wave functions, and the use of systematic basis sets tailored to the relativistic approximation has been shown to predict the experimental singlet-triplet separations within 0.02 eV (0.5 kcal/mol) for five triatomic hydrides (CH2, NH2+, SiH2, PH2+, and AsH2+), the experimental bond lengths (r(e) or r(0)) within 0.002 A, rotational constants (B-e or B-0) within 0.02 cm(-1), vibration-rotation constants (alpha(e)) within 0.01 cm(-1), centrifugal distortion constants (D-e) within 2%, harmonic vibration frequencies (omega(e)) within 8 cm(-1) (0.4%), anharmonic vibrational constants (xomega(e)) within 2 cm(-1), and dissociation energies (D-0(0)) within 0.02 eV (0.4 kcal/mol) for twenty diatomic hydrides (BH, CH, NH, OH, FH, AlH, SiH, PH, SH, ClH, GaH, GeH, AsH, SeH, BrH, InH, SnH, SbH, TeH, and IH) containing main-group elements across the second through fifth rows of the periodic table. In these calculations, spin-orbit effects on dissociation energies, which were assumed to be additive, were estimated from the measured spin-orbit coupling constants of atoms and diatomic molecules, and an electronic energy in the complete-basis-set, complete-electron-correlation limit has been extrapolated in two ways to verify the robustness of the results: One assuming Gaussian-exponential dependence of total energies on double through quadruple zeta basis sets and the other assuming n(-3) dependence of correlation energies on double through quintuple zeta basis sets. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Appl Chem, Japan Sci & Technol Corp,PREST, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM so.hirata@pnl.gov RI DE JONG, WIBE/A-5443-2008; Hirao, Kimihiko/N-5483-2015 OI DE JONG, WIBE/0000-0002-7114-8315; NR 139 TC 66 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 7 BP 3297 EP 3310 DI 10.1063/1.1639361 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 773CV UT WOS:000188880900030 PM 15268484 ER PT J AU Ma, YZ Stenger, J Zimmermann, J Bachilo, SM Smalley, RE Weisman, RB Fleming, GR AF Ma, YZ Stenger, J Zimmermann, J Bachilo, SM Smalley, RE Weisman, RB Fleming, GR TI Ultrafast carrier dynamics in single-walled carbon nanotubes probed by femtosecond spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE; EXCITONS AB Ultrafast carrier dynamics in individual semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes was studied by femtosecond transient absorption and fluorescence measurements. After photoexcitation of the second van Hove singularity of a specific tube structure, the relaxation of electrons and holes to the fundamental band edge occurs to within 100 fs. The fluorescence decay from this band is dependent on the excitation density and can be rationalized by exciton annihilation theory. In contrast to fluorescence, the transient absorption has a distinctly different time and intensity dependence for different tube structures, suggesting a branching to emissive and trap states following photoexcitation. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Rice Univ, Ctr Biol & Environm Nanotechnol, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Fleming, GR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM GRFleming@lbl.gov RI Zimmermann, Joerg/B-7725-2009; Ma, Yingzhong/L-6261-2016; OI Ma, Yingzhong/0000-0002-8154-1006; Weisman, R. Bruce/0000-0001-8546-9980 NR 28 TC 147 Z9 149 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 7 BP 3368 EP 3373 DI 10.1063/1.1640339 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 773CV UT WOS:000188880900037 PM 15268491 ER PT J AU Zhuang, D Edgar, JH Strojek, B Chaudhuri, J Rek, Z AF Zhuang, D Edgar, JH Strojek, B Chaudhuri, J Rek, Z TI Defect-selective etching of bulk AlN single crystals in molten KOH/NaOH eutectic alloy SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE defect; etching; X-ray topography; growth from vapor; nitrides ID GAN FILMS; DISLOCATIONS AB The effectiveness and reliability of estimating the dislocation density in GaN thin films and bulk crystals by defect selective etching in eutectic KOH/NaOH have already been successfully demonstrated. In this communication, we report the results of applying this technique to bulk AlN crystals. Etching produced hexagonal pits on the Al-polar (0001) plane, while hexagonal hillocks formed on the nitrogen face. According to synchrotron white beam X-ray topography (SWBXT) calibration, we believed that the etching pits at Al polarity form primarily at dislocations. The optimized etching temperature for Al-polarity is in the range of 350-380degreesC, which is typically 50-100degreesC higher than that for nitrogen polarity, indicating higher stability of Al-polarity. For Al-polarity AlN single crystals grown on Si-face 6H-SiC (0001) substrates, the dislocation density is about 10(7) cm(-2) and for self-seeded crystals, the dislocation densities for Al-polarity and the hillock densities for N-polarity are both on the order of 10(3) cm(-2). As far as the dislocation density is concerned, self-seeded crystals have a better quality than crystals grown on Si-face 6H-SiC (0001) substrates. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Warsaw Univ Technol, Fac Chem, Div Inorgan Chem, PL-02036 Warsaw, Poland. Wichita State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Edgar, JH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Durland Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM edgarjh@ksu.edu RI Chaudhuri, Jharna/E-8863-2013 NR 12 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 4 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 EI 1873-5002 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 262 IS 1-4 BP 89 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.10.051 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 776FN UT WOS:000189098700013 ER PT J AU Zhuang, D Edgar, JH Liu, B Huey, HE Jiang, HX Lin, JY Kuball, M Mogal, F Chaudhuri, J Rek, Z AF Zhuang, D Edgar, JH Liu, B Huey, HE Jiang, HX Lin, JY Kuball, M Mogal, F Chaudhuri, J Rek, Z TI Bulk AlN crystal growth by direct heating of the source using microwaves SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE characterization; etching; X-ray topography; single crystal growth; nitrides ID BAND-EDGE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; ALUMINUM NITRIDE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; SUBLIMATION GROWTH; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; DEFECT; GAN; CONDUCTIVITY; EPILAYERS AB AlN single crystal platelets up to 2 x 3 mm 2 and needles I mm in diameter and 3 mm in length were successfully grown by directly heating the source materials with microwaves. The process temperature was over 2000degreesC and the pressure was kept constant at 910 Torr. The growth rate was typically 300 mum h(-1) in the c-direction. An emission around 5.5eV was observed in the photoluminescence spectrum probably caused by magnesium impurity. The dislocation density was low, 6 x 103 cm(-2), as determined by both synchrotron white beam X-ray topography and etching in molten potassium hydroxide sodium hydroxide eutectic alloy. Etching produced hexagonal pits and hexagonal hillocks on the Al- and N-polar surfaces, respectively. Raman spectra, X-ray topograph, and etch pit densities demonstrate that the crystals have good structural quality. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Micram Inc, San Jose, CA 95133 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Wichita State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Edgar, JH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Durland Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM edgarjh@ksu.edu RI Lin, Jingyu/A-7276-2011; Jiang, Hongxing/F-3635-2011; Chaudhuri, Jharna/E-8863-2013 OI Lin, Jingyu/0000-0003-1705-2635; Jiang, Hongxing/0000-0001-9892-4292; NR 27 TC 10 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 EI 1873-5002 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 262 IS 1-4 BP 168 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.10.080 PG 7 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 776FN UT WOS:000189098700024 ER PT J AU Williford, RE Baer, DR Amonette, JE Lea, AS AF Williford, RE Baer, DR Amonette, JE Lea, AS TI Dissolution and growth of (10(1)over-bar4) calcite in flowing water: estimation of back reaction rates via kinetic Monte Carlo simulations SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE adsorption; defects; desorption; diffusion; growth models; calcite ID FORCE MICROSCOPY; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; SURFACE; ASYMMETRY; MORPHOLOGY; INTERFACE; CARBONATE; STEP; ACID; JET AB Although calcite is an important mineral for many processes, there have been relatively few simulations of its growth and dissolution behavior. Such simulations are complicated by the multitude of defect types and by the asymmetry of the crystal. The present work combined a kinetic Monte Carlo technique with the Kossel crystal (100) simple cubic concept and the Blasius boundary layer model to simulate the simultaneous growth and dissolution of the (10 (1) over bar4) calcite cleavage surface in flowing water. The activation energies of the back reaction (growth) were determined from those of the forward reaction (dissolution) by obtaining agreement with cleavage-step morphologies and step dissolution velocities over a range of flow rates previously measured using an atomic force microscope. The kinetics were dominated by diffusion events on the solid/fluid interface and in the fluid, as expected. The relative magnitudes of the desorption and adsorption activation energies were consistent with experimental data, entropic arguments, and crystal roughening theories. Quantitative agreement with measured step velocities was best when the boundary layer parameters were given physically reasonable values, indicating that the model is self-consistent. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Williford, RE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Mail Stop K2-44, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rick.williford@pnl.gov RI Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013; OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961; Lea, Alan/0000-0002-4232-1553 NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 262 IS 1-4 BP 503 EP 518 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.10.015 PG 16 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 776FN UT WOS:000189098700078 ER PT J AU Zeng, HM Jacob, KI Tikare, V AF Zeng, HM Jacob, KI Tikare, V TI Numerical simulations of crystal growth in a transdermal drug delivery system SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE drug crystallization; drug delivery; Monte Carlo simulation; Ostwald ripening; precipitation; transdermal drug delivery; grain growth ID GRAIN-GROWTH; SUSPENSION AB Grain growth by precipitation and Ostwald ripening in an unstressed matrix of a dissolved crystallizable component was simulated using a kinetic Monte Carlo model. This model was used previously to study Ostwald ripening in the high crystallizable component regime and was shown to correctly simulate solution, diffusion and precipitation. In this study, the same model with modifications was applied to the low crystallizable regime of interest to the transdermal drug delivery system (TDS) community. We demonstrate the model's utility by simulating precipitation and grain growth during isothermal storage at different supersaturation conditions. The simulation results provide a first approximation for the crystallization occurring in TDS. It has been reported that for relatively higher temperature growth of drug crystals in TDS occurs only in the middle third of the polymer layer. The results from the simulations support these findings that crystal growth is limited to the middle third of the region, where the availability of crystallizable components is the highest, for cluster growth at relatively high temperature. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Polymer Text & Fiber Engn, Polymer Educ & Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Jacob, KI (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Polymer Text & Fiber Engn, Polymer Educ & Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM jacob@moose.tfe.gatech.edu NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 262 IS 1-4 BP 602 EP 611 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.06.002 PG 10 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 776FN UT WOS:000189098700090 ER PT J AU Boon, ACM de Mutsert, G van Baarle, D Smith, DJ Lapedes, AS Fouchier, RAM Sintnicolaas, K Osterhaus, ADME Rimmelzwaan, GF AF Boon, ACM de Mutsert, G van Baarle, D Smith, DJ Lapedes, AS Fouchier, RAM Sintnicolaas, K Osterhaus, ADME Rimmelzwaan, GF TI Recognition of homo- and heterosubtypic variants of influenza A viruses by human CD8(+) T lymphocytes SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SELECTIVE EXPANSION; INFECTED-CELLS; CTL CLONE; SPECIFICITY; MEMORY; NUCLEOPROTEIN; IMMUNITY; IMMUNIZATION; PROTECTION; CHALLENGE AB In the present study, the recognition of epitope variants of influenza A viruses by human CTL was investigated. To this end, human CD8(+) CTL clones, specific for natural variants of the HLA-B*3501-restricted epitope in the nucleoprotein (NP418-426), were generated. As determined in Cr-51 release assays and by flow cytometry with HLA-B*3501-peptide tetrameric complexes, CTL clones were found to be specific for epitopes within one subtype or cross-reactive with heterosubtypic variants of the epitope. Using eight natural variants of the epitope, positions in the 9-mer important for T cell recognition and involved in escape from CTL immunity were identified and visualized using multidimensional scaling. It was shown that positions 4 and 5 in the 9-mer epitope were important determinants of T cell specificity. The in vivo existence of CD8(+) cells cross-reactive with homo- and heterosubtypic variants of the epitope was further confirmed using polyclonal T cell populations obtained after stimulation of PBMC with different influenza A viruses. Based on the observed recognition patterns of the clonal and polyclonal T cell populations and serology, it is hypothesized that consecutive infections with influenza viruses containing different variants of the epitope select for cross-reactive T cells in vivo. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 2453-2460. C1 Erasmus Med Ctr, Inst Virol, Dept Virol, NL-3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands. Erasmus Med Ctr, Inst Virol, WHO, Natl Influenza Ctr, NL-3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands. Sanquin Res Cent Lab Bloodtransfus, Dept Clin Viroimmunol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lab Histocompatibil & Immungenet, Sanquin Bloodbank Rotterdam, Dordrecht, Netherlands. RP Rimmelzwaan, GF (reprint author), Erasmus Med Ctr, Inst Virol, Dept Virol, POB 1738, NL-3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM g.rimmelzwaan@erasmusmc.nl RI Fouchier, Ron/A-1911-2014; OI Fouchier, Ron/0000-0001-8095-2869; Boon, Adrianus/0000-0002-4700-8224 NR 37 TC 87 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 172 IS 4 BP 2453 EP 2460 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 771LZ UT WOS:000188788600058 PM 14764717 ER PT J AU Gan, J Simonen, EP Bruemmer, SM Fournier, L Sencer, BH Was, GS AF Gan, J Simonen, EP Bruemmer, SM Fournier, L Sencer, BH Was, GS TI The effect of oversized solute additions on the microstructure of 316SS irradiated with 5 MeV Ni++ ions or 3.2 MeV protons SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION; STAINLESS-STEEL; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; VOID NUCLEATION; ALLOYS; TEMPERATURE; SUPPRESSION; BEHAVIOR; ELEMENTS AB The effect of the oversized hafnium or platinum (0.3 at.%) solutes on the evolution of irradiated microstructure in 316SS was investigated. Irradiations were conducted with 5 MeV Ni-ions at 500 degreesC to doses up to 50 dpa or with 3.2 MeV protons at 400 degreesC to a dose of 2.5 dpa, and previous studies demonstrated that these irradiations are capable of producing similar irradiated microstructure and microchemistry relevant to LWR cores. Microstructures of 316SS, 316SS + 0.3 at.% Pt and 316SS + 0.3 at.% Hf were characterized using transmission electron microscopy. The addition of Hf showed a strong effect in suppressing radiation-induced microstructure evolution; no voids were observed at doses up to 50 dpa for Ni-ion irradiation and 2.5 dpa for proton irradiation. The mean diameter of the Frank loops in the Hf-doped samples is about 40% smaller than loops in 316SS. The microstructural examinations from both types of particle irradiation revealed that for 0.3 at.% Pt addition there is no beneficial effect on irradiated microstructure. The mechanisms for the role of oversize solute additions on the microstructure evolution are discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab W, Nucl Technol Div, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gan, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab W, Nucl Technol Div, POB 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. EM jian.gan@anl.gov NR 20 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 325 IS 2-3 BP 94 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.11.002 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 773FJ UT WOS:000188886800003 ER PT J AU Rest, J AF Rest, J TI A model for fission-gas-bubble behavior in amorphous uranium silicide compounds SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID GRAIN SUBDIVISION; HEAVY-IONS; IRRADIATION; GLASSES; GROWTH; FUELS; U3SI2; FLOW; UO2 AB A model for the behavior of fission gas in irradiated amorphous materials is developed. The model proposes that gas bubble nucleation occurs within shear bands initiated around free volume regions. Small gas-atom clusters that form within these regions are susceptible to dissolution by forces generated by the plastic flow of material around the cluster. The bubble coarsening process depends on the materials viscosity and on irradiation-induced re-solution. The bubble distribution eventually reaches a point where larger bubbles from the tail of the evolving lognormal size distribution begin to contact the more numerous nanometer-sized bubbles from the peak region. This condition defines the knee in the swelling curve. The fission density at which the knee occurs is a function of fission rate. Calculations for the behavior of the knee, swelling, and the fraction of gas in bubbles in irradiated U3Si2 intermetallic compounds are compared to measured quantities. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Rest, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jrest@anl.gov NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 325 IS 2-3 BP 107 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.11.008 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 773FJ UT WOS:000188886800004 ER PT J AU Finlay, MR Hofman, GL Snelgrove, JL AF Finlay, MR Hofman, GL Snelgrove, JL TI Irradiation behaviour of uranium silicide compounds SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID DISPERSION FUEL-ELEMENTS; U3SI2 AB A study of the irradiation behaviour of uranium silicide and other related inter-metallic uranium compounds is presented. This study was motivated by the recent discovery that U3Si2 undergoes a crystalline to amorphous transformation during irradiation. Such information renders a previously developed fuel swelling model based on the crystalline state of U3Si2 invalid. This is of particular significance since low enriched U3Si2 dispersion fuels are widely used in research reactors. While such a finding does not alter the well established, stable and benign behaviour of U3Si2 during irradiation, it does indicate that a different interpretation of that behaviour is required. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. RP Finlay, MR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rfinlay@anl.gov NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 6 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 325 IS 2-3 BP 118 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.11.009 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 773FJ UT WOS:000188886800005 ER PT J AU Einsla, BR Hong, YT Kim, YS Wang, F Gunduz, N Mcgrath, JE AF Einsla, BR Hong, YT Kim, YS Wang, F Gunduz, N Mcgrath, JE TI Sulfonated naphthalene dianhydride based polyimide copolymers for proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells. I. Monomer and copolymer synthesis SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE naphthalene dianhydrides; direct copolymerization; sulfortated polyimide copolymers; N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone solubility; polyimide; ionomers; membranes ID RANDOM STATISTICAL COPOLYMERS; DIRECT POLYMERIZATION; STABILITY; POLYELECTROLYTES; CONDUCTIVITY; POLYMERS; UNITS; ACID AB A novel sulfonated diamine, 3,3'-disulfonic acid-bis[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]sulfone (SA-DADPS), was prepared from m-aminophenol and disodium-3,3'disulfonate-4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone. The conditions necessary to synthesize and purify SA-DADPS in high yields were investigated in some detail. This disulfonated aromatic diamine, containing ether and sulfone linkages, was used to prepare N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone-soluble, six-membered ring polyimide copolymers containing pendent sulfonic acid groups by a catalyzed one-step high-temperature polycondensation in m-cresol. These materials showed much improved hydrolytic stability with respect to phthalimides. High-molecular-weight film-forming statistical copolymers with controlled degrees of disulfonation were prepared through variations in the stoichiometric ratio of disulfonated diamine (SA-DADPS) in its soluble triethylamine salt form to several unsulfonated diamines. Three unsulfonated diamines, bis[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl] sulfone, 4,4'-oxydianiline, and 1,3-phenylenediamine, were used to prepare the copolymers. The characterization of the copolymers by H-1 NMR, Fourier transform infrared, ion-exchange capacity, and thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that SA-DADPS was quantitatively incorporated into the copolymers. Solution-cast films of the sulfonated copolymers were prepared and afforded tough, ductile membranes with high glass-transition temperatures. Methods were developed to acidify the triethylammonium salt membranes into their disulfonic acid form, this being necessary for proton conduction in a fuel cell. The synthesis and characterization of these materials are described in this article. Future articles will describe the performance of these copolymers as proton-exchange membranes in hydrogen/air and direct methanol fuel cells. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Inst Polymer Mat & Interfaces, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. KRICT, Taejon 305600, South Korea. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. PPG Ind Inc, Monroeville, PA 15146 USA. GE HPP Technol, Mt Vernon 47620, India. RP Mcgrath, JE (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Inst Polymer Mat & Interfaces, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM jmcgrath@vt.edu NR 23 TC 143 Z9 145 U1 2 U2 38 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-624X J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 42 IS 4 BP 862 EP 874 DI 10.1002/pola.11026 PG 13 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 768VW UT WOS:000188591600006 ER PT J AU Davis, AB Marshak, A AF Davis, AB Marshak, A TI Photon propagation in heterogeneous optical media with spatial correlations: enhanced mean-free-paths and wider-than-exponential free-path distributions SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE Beer's law; photon propagation; mean-free-path; three-dimensional radiative transfer; spatially correlated heterogeneous media; cloudy atmospheres ID LIQUID WATER DISTRIBUTIONS; SMALL-SCALE STRUCTURE; MARINE STRATOCUMULUS; CLOUDS; RADIATION; EXTINCTION; INTERMITTENCY; INVARIANCE; CENTIMETER; ISSUES AB Beer's law of exponential decay in direct transmission is well-known but its break-down in spatially variable optical media has been discussed only sporadically in the literature. We document here this break-down in three-dimensional (3D) media with complete generality and explore its ramifications for photon propagation. We show that effective transmission laws and their associated free-path distributions (FPDs) are in fact never exactly exponential in variable media of any kind. Moreover, if spatial correlations in the extinction field extend at least to the scale of the mean-free-path (MFP), FPDs are necessarily wider-than-exponential in the sense that all higher-order moments of the relevant mean-field FPDs exceed those of the exponential FPD, even if it is tuned to yield the proper MFP. The MFP itself is always larger than the inverse of average extinction in a variable medium. In a vast and important class of spatially-correlated random media, the MFP is indeed the average of the inverse of extinction. We translate these theoretical findings into a practical method for deciding a priori when 3D effects become important. Finally, we discuss an obvious but limited analogy between our analysis of spatial variability and the well-known effects of strong spectral variability in gaseous media when observed or modeled at moderate resolution. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Climate & Radiat Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Davis, AB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, POB 1663,NIS-2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM adavis@lanl.gov RI Marshak, Alexander/D-5671-2012 NR 35 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 1 BP 3 EP 34 DI 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00114-6 PG 32 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 764HX UT WOS:000188202400001 ER PT J AU Burton, H AF Burton, H TI The success of open source. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 3 BP 152 EP 152 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 772TC UT WOS:000188856500187 ER PT J AU Karpetis, AN Settersten, TB Schefer, RW Barlow, RS AF Karpetis, AN Settersten, TB Schefer, RW Barlow, RS TI Laser imaging system for determination of three-dimensional scalar gradients in turbulent flames SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RAMAN; COMBUSTION; RAYLEIGH; PULSE AB An imaging system for the measurement of three-dimensional (3D) scalar gradients in turbulent hydrocarbon flames is described. Combined line imaging of Raman scattering, Rayleigh scattering, and CO laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) allows for simultaneous single-shot line measurements of major species, temperature, mixture fraction, and a one-dimensional surrogate of scalar dissipation rate in hydrocarbon flames, while simultaneous use of two crossed, planar LIF measurements of OH allows for determination of instantaneous flame orientation. In this manner the full 3D scalar dissipation can be estimated in some regions of a turbulent flame on a single-shot basis. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Karpetis, AN (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM ankarpe@sandia.gov RI Settersten, Thomas/B-3480-2009; Schefer, Jurg/G-3960-2012 OI Settersten, Thomas/0000-0002-8017-0258; NR 11 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 13 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 4 BP 355 EP 357 DI 10.1364/OL.29.000355 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 770BL UT WOS:000188703300011 PM 14971751 ER PT J AU Hu, Q Williams, BS Kumar, S Callebaut, H Reno, JL AF Hu, Q Williams, BS Kumar, S Callebaut, H Reno, JL TI Terahertz quantum cascade lasers based on resonant phonon scattering for depopulation SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Discussion Meeting on the Terahertz Gap CY JUN 04-05, 2003 CL ROYAL SOC, LONDON, ENGLAND HO ROYAL SOC DE terahertz; intersubband; quantum wells; quantum cascade lasers; longitudinal optical (LO) phonon; metal waveguides ID INTERSUBBAND EMISSION; SEMICONDUCTOR; SUPERLATTICES; GAAS AB We report our development of terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs), in which the depopulation of the lower radiative level is achieved through resonant longitudinal optical (LO) phonon scattering. This depopulation mechanism, similar to that implemented in all the QCLs operating at mid-infrared frequencies, is robust at high temperatures and high injection levels. The unique feature of resonant LO-phonon scattering in our THz QCL structures allows a highly selective depopulation of the lower radiative level with a sub-picosecond lifetime, while maintaining a relatively long upper level lifetime (more than 5 ps) that is due to upper-to-ground-state scattering. The first QCL based on this mechanism achieved lasing at 3.4 THz (lambda = 87 mum) tip to 87 K for pulsed operations, with peak power levels exceeding 10 mW at ca. 40 K. Using a novel double-sided metal waveguide for mode confinement, which yields a unity mode confinement factor and therefore a low total cavity loss at THz frequencies, we have also achieved lasing at wavelengths longer than 100 mum. C1 MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Res Lab Elect, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1123, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hu, Q (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Williams, Benjamin/B-4494-2013 OI Williams, Benjamin/0000-0002-6241-8336 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC LONDON PI LONDON PA 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T ROY SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 362 IS 1815 BP 233 EP 247 DI 10.1098/rsta.2003.1314 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 772PN UT WOS:000188850600006 PM 15306517 ER PT J AU Williams, GP AF Williams, GP TI High-power terahertz synchrotron sources SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Discussion Meeting on the Terahertz Gap CY JUN 04-05, 2003 CL ROYAL SOC, LONDON, ENGLAND HO ROYAL SOC DE terahertz; synchrotron radiation; coherent ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; TRANSITION RADIATION; COHERENT EMISSION; BEAM AB Electromagnetic waves, or light, are produced by accelerating electrons according to the formula assigned the name of Sir Joseph Larmor, who was secretary of The Royal Society from 1901 to 1912. For relativistic electrons the emission is enhanced by the fourth power of the increase in mass. Thus for 10 MeV electrons, for which the mass increases by a factor of 21, the enhancement is a factor of 200 000. We have generated high-power broadband THz light using relativistic electrons and demonstrated that ca. 100 W can readily be produced in a band from 0.1 to 3 THz with possible extensions to 6 THz. The experiments use a new generation of light source in which bunches of electrons circulate once, but in which their energy is recovered. In such a machine the electron bunches can be very much shorter than those, say, in storage rings or synchrotrons. C1 Jefferson Lab, Free Electron Laser Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Williams, GP (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Free Electron Laser Facil, 1200 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM gwyn@mailaps.org NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC LONDON PI LONDON PA 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T ROY SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 362 IS 1815 BP 403 EP 413 DI 10.1098/rsta.2003.1325 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 772PN UT WOS:000188850600030 PM 15306529 ER PT J AU Van Siclen, CD AF Van Siclen, CD TI Force structure of frictionless granular piles SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE granular piles; force chains ID BEAD PACKS; FLUCTUATIONS; STRESS; MODELS; MEDIA AB A striking attribute of nominally homogeneous, noncohesive granular piles is the wide range of normal forces exerted on the substrate. Presumably the particular distribution of force fluctuations is a consequence of the disorder of the pile. This connection is made for 2D frictionless piles, where the degree of disorder is set by the template of grains placed on the substrate. The intergranular forces are calculated by solving the vertical and horizontal force balance equations at each grain; in the event a tensile force is thereby obtained, that contact force is set equal to zero and the resulting vertical force balance equation is solved. Maximally disordered piles produce a normalized normal-force (weight) distribution P(w)similar to w exp(-2w), in agreement with a simple theory, while more-ordered piles produce a distribution that decays linearly. In both cases the piles contain high-stress and low-stress "chains" of contacting grains at which compressive stress is concentrated or absent, respectively. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Van Siclen, CD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM cvs@inel.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 333 BP 155 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.physa.2003.10.021 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 770YH UT WOS:000188758600010 ER PT J AU Maslov, S Sneppen, M Zaliznyak, A AF Maslov, S Sneppen, M Zaliznyak, A TI Detection of topological patterns in complex networks: correlation profile of the internet SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE random networks; scale free networks; correlation profile; cliquishness; metropolis; network motifs ID GRAPHS AB A general scheme for detecting and analyzing topological patterns in large complex networks is presented. In this scheme the network in question is compared with its properly randomized version that preserves some of its low-level topological properties. Statistically significant deviation of any topological property of a network from this null model likely reflects its design principles and/or evolutionary history. We illustrate this basic scheme using the example of the correlation profile of the Internet quantifying correlations between degrees of its neighboring nodes. This profile distinguishes the Internet from previously studied molecular networks with a similar scale-free degree distribution. We finally demonstrate that the clustering in a network is very sensitive to both the degree distribution and its correlation profile and compare the clustering in the Internet to the appropriate null model. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM maslov@bnl.gov RI Maslov, Sergei/C-2397-2009; OI Maslov, Sergei/0000-0002-3701-492X; Sneppen, Kim/0000-0001-9820-3567 NR 22 TC 164 Z9 171 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 EI 1873-2119 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD FEB 15 PY 2004 VL 333 BP 529 EP 540 DI 10.1016/j.physa.2003.06.002 PG 12 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 770YH UT WOS:000188758600036 ER PT J AU Gary, SP Nishimura, K AF Gary, SP Nishimura, K TI Kinetic Alfven waves: Linear theory and a particle-in-cell simulation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ION-CYCLOTRON WAVES; OUTWARD PROPAGATING WAVES; EXTENDED SOLAR CORONA; PITCH-ANGLE DIFFUSION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS; COULOMB COLLISIONS; DISSIPATION RANGE; WIND PROTONS; SHELL-MODEL AB An Alfven-cyclotron fluctuation of sufficiently short wavelength has a strong proton cyclotron resonance at propagation parallel to the background magnetic field B-o in a homogeneous, collisionless electron-proton plasma. As k(parallel to), the wavevector component parallel to B-o, decreases, the proton cyclotron wave-particle interaction becomes nonresonant, and the electron Landau resonance becomes effective at propagation oblique to B-o. Here linear Vlasov theory is used to determine the dispersion and damping properties of Alfven-cyclotron fluctuations associated with the transition from the proton cyclotron resonance regime to the electron Landau resonance regime. Also, a particle-in-cell plasma simulation is used to examine the electron response to the initial imposition of an Alfven-cyclotron wave in the electron Landau resonance regime. The computation shows heating of the electrons in the direction parallel to B-o and the formation of a beam in the direction of the parallel component of k. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pgary@lanl.gov NR 43 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 14 PY 2004 VL 109 IS A2 AR A02109 DI 10.1029/2003JA010239 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 775RA UT WOS:000189054700004 ER PT J AU Hong-Geller, E Mollhoff, M Shiflett, PR Gupta, G AF Hong-Geller, E Mollhoff, M Shiflett, PR Gupta, G TI Design of chimeric receptor mimics with different TcRV beta isoforms - Type-specific inhibition of superantigen pathogenesis SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID T-CELL-RECEPTOR; STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN-B; SHOCK-SYNDROME TOXIN-1; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; CLASS-II; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BACTERIAL SUPERANTIGENS; PROTEIN; AUREUS; CHAIN AB Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins (S.E.) A-I, and toxic-shock syndrome toxin TSST-1 act as superantigens to cause overstimulation of the host immune system, leading to the onset of various diseases including food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome. SAgs bind as intact proteins to the DRalpha1 domain of the MHC class II receptor and the TcRVbeta domain from the T cell receptor and cause excessive release of cytokines such as IL-2, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma, and hyperproliferation of T cells. In addition, different SAgs bind and activate different TcRVbeta isoforms during pathogenesis of human immune cells. These two properties of SAgs prompted us to design several chimeric DRalpha1-linker-TcRVbeta proteins using different TcRVbeta isoforms to create chimeras that would specifically inhibit the pathogenesis of SAgs against which they were designed. In this study, we compare the design, interaction, and inhibitory properties of three different DRalpha1-linker-TcRVbeta chimeras targeted against three different SAgs, SEB, SEC3, and TSST-1. The inhibitory properties of the chimeras were tested by monitoring IL-2 release and T cell proliferation using a primary human cell model. We demonstrate that the three chimeras specifically inhibit the pathogenesis of their target superantigen. We performed molecular modeling to analyze the structural basis of the type specificity exhibited by different chimeras designed against their target SAgs, examine the role of the linker in determining binding and specificity, and suggest site-specific mutations in the chimera to enhance binding affinity. The fact that our strategy works equally well for SEB and TSST-1, two widely different phylogenic variants, suggests that the DRalpha1-linkerTcRVbeta chimeras may be developed as a general therapy against a broad spectrum of superantigens released during Staphylococcal infection. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Gupta, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, HRL-1,MS-M888, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM gxg@lanl.gov NR 39 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 13 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 7 BP 5676 EP 5684 DI 10.1074/jbc.M309388200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 771GD UT WOS:000188776500079 PM 14604991 ER PT J AU Hearn, AS Fan, L Lepock, JR Luba, JP Greenleaf, WB Cabelli, DE Tainer, JA Nick, HS Silverman, DN AF Hearn, AS Fan, L Lepock, JR Luba, JP Greenleaf, WB Cabelli, DE Tainer, JA Nick, HS Silverman, DN TI Amino acid substitution at the dimeric interface of human manganese superoxide dismutase SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ACTIVE-SITE; TETRAMERIC INTERFACE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; HYDROGEN-BOND; PROGRAM; SYSTEM AB The side chains of His(30) and Tyr(166) from adjacent subunits in the homotetramer human manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) form a hydrogen bond across the dimer interface and participate in a hydrogen-bonded network that extends to the active site. Compared with wild-type Mn-SOD, the site-specific mutants H30N, Y166F, and the corresponding double mutant showed 10-fold decreases in steady-state constants for catalysis measured by pulse radiolysis. The observation of no additional effect upon the second mutation is an example of cooperatively interacting residues. A similar effect was observed in the thermal stability of these enzymes; the double mutant did not reduce the major unfolding transition to an extent greater than either single mutant. The crystal structures of these site-specific mutants each have unique conformational changes, but each has lost the hydrogen bond across the dimer interface, which results in a decrease in catalysis. These same mutations caused an enhancement of the dissociation of the product-inhibited complex. That is, His(30) and Tyr(166) in wild-type Mn-SOD act to prolong the lifetime of the inhibited complex. This would have a selective advantage in blocking a cellular overproduction of toxic H2O2. C1 Univ Florida, Ctr Hlth, Dept Pharmacol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Neurosci, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Med Biophys, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada. RP Silverman, DN (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Hlth, Dept Pharmacol, Box 100267, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM silvermn@college.med.ufl.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM48495, GM54903] NR 29 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 13 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 7 BP 5861 EP 5866 DI 10.1074/jbc.M311310200 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 771GD UT WOS:000188776500101 PM 14638684 ER PT J AU Park, SJ Ciccone, SLM Freie, B Kurimasa, A Chen, DJ Li, GC Clapp, DW Lee, SH AF Park, SJ Ciccone, SLM Freie, B Kurimasa, A Chen, DJ Li, GC Clapp, DW Lee, SH TI A positive role for the Ku complex in DNA replication following strand break damage in mammals SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN; S-PHASE CHECKPOINT; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; POLYMERASE-DELTA; REPAIR PROTEIN; SLIDING CLAMPS; GENE-PRODUCT; CYCLE AB Ku70-Ku80 complex is the regulatory subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and plays an essential role in double-strand break repair following ionizing radiation (IR). It preferentially interacts with chromosomal breaks and protects DNA ends from nuclease attack. Here we show evidence that cells defective in Ku80 exhibit a significantly slow S phase progression following DNA damage. IR-induced retardation in S phase progression in Ku80-/- cells was not due to the lack of DNA-PK kinase activity because both wild-type cells and DNA-PKcs-deficient cells showed no such symptom. Instead, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) dissociated from chromosomes following IR in Ku80-deficient cells but not in wild-type or DNA-PKcs-deficient cells. Treatment of HeLa cells with IR induced colocalization of the Ku complex with PCNA on chromosomes. Together, these results suggest that binding of the Ku complex at chromosomal breaks may be necessary to maintain the sliding clamps (PCNA) on chromatin, which would allow cells to resume DNA replication without a major delay following IR. C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Walther Canc Inst, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Lee, SH (reprint author), IU Canc Res Inst, 1044 W Walnut St,Rm 153, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM slee@iupui.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50519, CA92111]; NIA NIH HHS [AG18949]; NIGMS NIH HHS [F32 GM20167-01] NR 58 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 13 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 7 BP 6046 EP 6055 DI 10.1074/jbc.M311054200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 771GD UT WOS:000188776500120 PM 14617623 ER PT J AU Stutz, J Alicke, B Ackermann, R Geyer, A Wang, SH White, AB Williams, EJ Spicer, CW Fast, JD AF Stutz, J Alicke, B Ackermann, R Geyer, A Wang, SH White, AB Williams, EJ Spicer, CW Fast, JD TI Relative humidity dependence of HONO chemistry in urban areas SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE atmospheric chemistry; air pollution; HONO chemistry ID NITROUS-ACID FORMATION; NITRIC-ACID; WATER-VAPOR; HETEROGENEOUS HYDROLYSIS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; GAS-PHASE; SURFACES; PARTICLES; KINETICS; DIOXIDE AB [1] The role of nitrous acid, HONO, as a precursor for hydroxyl radicals in polluted urban air has been recognized for many years. The chemical processes leading to the formation of HONO are, however, still not well understood. Laboratory studies show that HONO formation occurs primarily on surfaces and is first order in NO2. Water also plays an important role in the conversion process. While the latter has been shown in the laboratory, little information is available regarding the influence of water on the NO2 and HONO chemistry in the real atmosphere. Here we present nocturnal DOAS measurements of HONO and NO2 from three field experiments. The observations show that [HONO]/[NO2] ratios between 10 and 30% relative humidity (RH) do not exceed 0.04, while values of up to 0.09 were observed at higher RH. These results are analyzed by interpreting the observed maximum [HONO]/[NO2] ratio at a given relative humidity as the pseudo steady state (PSS) between the heterogeneous NO2 to HONO conversion and the HONO loss on surfaces. Theoretical considerations show that the [HONO]/[NO2] ratio at the PSS is equal to the ratio of the heterogeneous NO2 to HONO conversion coefficient and the reactive HONO uptake coefficient, thus showing that these processes depend on the RH. This result implies that RH has to be considered in the parameterization of HONO formation in air pollution models. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NOAA, Aeron Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Battelle Sci & Technol Int, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Stutz, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM jochen@atmos.ucla.edu; bjoern.alicke@web.de; ralf.ackermann@al-lightning.com; andreas@atmos.ucla.edu; shw@atmos.ucla.edu; allen.b.white@noaa.gov; eric@al.noaa.gov; spicerc@battelle.org RI Williams, Eric/F-1184-2010; White, Allen/A-7946-2009; Stutz, Jochen/K-7159-2014 NR 45 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 3 U2 38 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 13 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D3 AR D03307 DI 10.1029/2003JD004135 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 775QG UT WOS:000189052500002 ER PT J AU Nukala, PKVV Simunovic, S AF Nukala, PKVV Simunovic, S TI An efficient block-circulant preconditioner for simulating fracture using large fuse networks SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID TOEPLITZ-SYSTEMS; FOURIER ACCELERATION; DISORDERED-SYSTEMS; BREAKDOWN AB Critical slowing down associated with the iterative solvers close to the critical point often hinders large-scale numerical simulation of fracture using discrete lattice networks. This paper presents a block-circulant preconditioner for iterative solvers for the simulation of progressive fracture in disordered, quasi-brittle materials using large discrete lattice networks. The average computational cost of the present algorithm per iteration is O(rs log s) + delops, where the stiffness matrix A is partitioned into r x r blocks such that each block is an s x s matrix, and delops represents the operational count associated with solving a block-diagonal matrix with r x r dense matrix blocks. This algorithm using the block-circulant preconditioner is faster than the Fourier accelerated preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm, and alleviates the critical slowing down that is especially severe close to the critical point. Numerical results using random resistor networks substantiate the efficiency of the present algorithm. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM nukalapk@ornl.gov NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD FEB 13 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 6 BP 2093 EP 2103 AR PII S0305-4470(04)68393-4 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/37/6/009 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 777MJ UT WOS:000189181900012 ER PT J AU Adams, J Adler, C Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bhardwaj, S Bhaskar, P Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, A Bravar, A Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H S nchez, MCD Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Majumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faine, V Faivre, J Fatemi, R Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Foley, KJ Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Ganti, MS Gaudichet, L Germain, M Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grigoriev, V Gronstal, S Grosnick, D Guedon, M Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gushin, E Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Huang, HZ Huang, SL Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Jiang, H Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, Z Liu, QJ Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, J Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mangotra, LK Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mishra, D Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, DA Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rai, G Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, LJ Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schweda, K Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Singaraju, RN Simon, F Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, S Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Thein, D Thomas, JH Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Trivedi, MD Trofimov, V Tsai, O Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G VanderMolen, AM Vasiliev, AN Vasiliev, M Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Voloshin, SA Waggoner, W Wang, F Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Wells, R Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierczuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, J Zubarev, AN AF Adams, J Adler, C Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bhardwaj, S Bhaskar, P Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, A Bravar, A Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H S nchez, MCD Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Majumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faine, V Faivre, J Fatemi, R Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Foley, KJ Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Ganti, MS Gaudichet, L Germain, M Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grigoriev, V Gronstal, S Grosnick, D Guedon, M Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gushin, E Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Huang, HZ Huang, SL Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Jiang, H Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, Z Liu, QJ Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, J Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mangotra, LK Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mishra, D Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, DA Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rai, G Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, LJ Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schweda, K Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Singaraju, RN Simon, F Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, S Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Thein, D Thomas, JH Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Trivedi, MD Trofimov, V Tsai, O Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G VanderMolen, AM Vasiliev, AN Vasiliev, M Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Voloshin, SA Waggoner, W Wang, F Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Wells, R Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierczuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, J Zubarev, AN CA STAR Collaboration TI Azimuthal anisotropy at the relativistic heavy ion collider: The first and fourth harmonics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TIME PROJECTION CHAMBER; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; COLLECTIVE FLOW; STAR; ENERGIES AB We report the first observations of the first harmonic (directed flow, v(1)) and the fourth harmonic (v(4)), in the azimuthal distribution of particles with respect to the reaction plane in Au+Au collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Both measurements were done taking advantage of the large elliptic flow (v(2)) generated at RHIC. From the correlation of v(2) with v(1) it is determined that v(2) is positive, or in-plane. The integrated v(4) is about a factor of 10 smaller than v(2). For the sixth (v(6)) and eighth (v(8)) harmonics upper limits on the magnitudes are reported. C1 Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, Peoples R China. Acad Sinica, Shanghai Inst Nucl Res, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. HZNU, CCNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RI Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Skoro, Goran/F-3642-2010; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Zborovsky, Imrich/G-7964-2014; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014; Johnson, Ian/I-2439-2013; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Kisiel, Adam/O-8754-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nevski, Pavel/M-6292-2015; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013 OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Kisiel, Adam/0000-0001-8322-9510; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900 NR 32 TC 154 Z9 154 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 13 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 6 AR 062301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.062301 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 773WM UT WOS:000188947700013 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Watson, NK Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Layter, J Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Erwin, RJ Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Lee, CL Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A 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Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Watson, NK Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Layter, J Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S 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Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote-Ahern, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Biasini, M Peruzzi, IM Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Observation of B-0 -> omega K-0, B+ -> eta pi(+), and B+ -> eta K+ and study of related decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QCD FACTORIZATION; CP-VIOLATION; MESON DECAYS AB We present measurements of branching fractions and charge asymmetries for seven B-meson decays with an eta, eta('), or omega meson in the final state. The data sample corresponds to 89x10(6) B (B) over bar pairs produced from e(+)e(-) annihilation at the Y(4S) resonance. We measure the following branching fractions in units of 10(-6): B(B+-->etapi(+))=5.3+/-1.0+/-0.3, B(B+-->etaK(+))=3.4+/-0.8+/-0.2, B(B-0-->etaK(0))=2.9+/-1.0+/-0.2 (<5.2, 90% C.L.), B(B+-->eta(')pi(+))=2.7+/-1.2+/-0.3 (<4.5, 90% C.L.), B(B+-->omegapi(+))=5.5+/-0.9+/-0.5, B(B+-->omegaK(+))=4.8+/-0.8+/-0.4, and B(B-0-->omegaK(0))=5.9(-1.3)(+1.6)+/-0.5. The charge asymmetries are A(ch)(B+-->etapi(+))=-0.44+/-0.18+/-0.01, A(ch)(B+-->etaK(+))=-0.52+/-0.24+/-0.01, A(ch)(B+-->omegapi(+))=0.03+/-0.16+/-0.01, and A(ch)(B+-->omegaK(+))=-0.09+/-0.17+/-0.01. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. 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Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 13 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 6 AR 061801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.061801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 773WM UT WOS:000188947700012 ER PT J AU Li, ZY Ho, KM AF Li, ZY Ho, KM TI Anomalous propagation loss in photonic crystal waveguides SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED WAVELENGTHS; LIGHT-PROPAGATION; GAP AB Propagation loss can occur in photonic crystal waveguides without complete optical confinement. We employ a highly efficient transfer-matrix method which allows for accurate and reliable extraction of the propagation loss even at an extremely low level. The results for a two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide shows that the loss exponentially decays via the waveguide wall thickness. An anomalous phenomenon is found where the loss for guided modes near the upper band gap edge can be several orders of magnitude smaller than that for modes in the middle of the band gap. This anomaly can be well explained by the localization degree of guided modes at different frequency domains. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RP Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM lizy@axel.ameslab.gov NR 26 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 13 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 6 AR 063904 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.063904 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 773WM UT WOS:000188947700023 PM 14995241 ER PT J AU Lopatin, AV Vinokur, VM AF Lopatin, AV Vinokur, VM TI Delocalization in two-dimensional disordered Bose systems and depinning transition in the vortex state in superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; POROUS VYCOR GLASS; CORRELATED DISORDER; SUPERFLUID DENSITY; LOCALIZATION; GAS; FLUCTUATIONS AB We investigate a two-dimensional (2D) Bose system with the long range interactions in the presence of disorder. Formation of the bound states at strong impurity sites gives rise to a depletion of the superfluid density. We predict the intermediate superfluid state where the condensate and localized bosons are present simultaneously. We find that interactions suppress localization and that with the increase of the boson density the system experiences a sharp delocalization crossover into a state where all bosons are delocalized. We map our results onto a 3D system of vortices in type II superconductors in the presence of columnar defects; the intermediate superfluid state maps to an intermediate vortex liquid where vortex liquid neighbors pinned vortices. We predict the depinning crossover within the vortex liquid and depinning induced vortex lattice-Bose glass melting. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lopatin, AV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 21 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 13 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 6 AR 067008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.067008 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 773WM UT WOS:000188947700051 PM 14995269 ER PT J AU Sergienko, IA Keppens, V McGuire, M Jin, R He, J Curnoe, SH Sales, BC Blaha, P Singh, DJ Schwarz, K Mandrus, D AF Sergienko, IA Keppens, V McGuire, M Jin, R He, J Curnoe, SH Sales, BC Blaha, P Singh, DJ Schwarz, K Mandrus, D TI Metallic "ferroelectricity" in the pyrochlore Cd2Re2O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OXIDE CD2RE2O7; SUPERCONDUCTOR CD2RE2O7; STRUCTURAL TRANSITION; STRONTIUM TITANATE; PHASE-TRANSITION; PROPAGATION; SYMMETRY AB A class of materials known as "ferroelectric metals" was discussed theoretically by Anderson and Blount in 1965 [Phys. Rev. Lett. 14, 217 (1965)], but to date no examples of this class of materials have been reported. Here we present measurements of the elastic moduli of Cd2Re2O7 through the 200 K cubic-to-tetragonal phase transition. A Landau analysis of the moduli reveals that the transition is consistent with Cd2Re2O7 being classified as a ferroelectric metal in the weaker sense described by Anderson and Blount (loss of a center of symmetry). First-principles calculations of the lattice instabilities indicate that the dominant lattice instability corresponds to a twofold degenerate mode with E-u symmetry and that motions of the O ions forming the O octahedra dominate the energetics of the transition. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Phys & Phys Oceanog, St Johns, NF A1B 3X7, Canada. Univ Mississippi, Dept Phys, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Phys Acoust, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tech Univ Vienna, Inst Mat Chem, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Mandrus, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mandrusdg@ornl.gov RI McGuire, Michael/B-5453-2009; Blaha, Peter/F-2847-2010; Singh, David/I-2416-2012; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 OI McGuire, Michael/0000-0003-1762-9406; NR 28 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 13 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 6 AR 065501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.065501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 773WM UT WOS:000188947700032 PM 14995250 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, S Chen, LH Deamer, D Krakauer, DC Packard, NH Stadler, PF Bedau, MA AF Rasmussen, S Chen, LH Deamer, D Krakauer, DC Packard, NH Stadler, PF Bedau, MA TI Transitions from nonliving to living matter SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID LIFE C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87506 USA. Protolife Srl, Venice, Italy. Univ Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. Reed Coll, Portland, OR 97202 USA. RP Rasmussen, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM steen@lanl.gov RI Stadler, Peter F./L-7857-2015 OI Stadler, Peter F./0000-0002-5016-5191 NR 8 TC 155 Z9 165 U1 3 U2 37 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 13 PY 2004 VL 303 IS 5660 BP 963 EP 965 DI 10.1126/science.1093669 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 773JJ UT WOS:000188918000029 PM 14963315 ER PT J AU Trabesinger, AH McDermott, R Lee, SK Muck, M Clarke, J Pines, A AF Trabesinger, AH McDermott, R Lee, SK Muck, M Clarke, J Pines, A TI SQUID-detected liquid state NMR in microtesla fields SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID EARTHS MAGNETIC-FIELD; FREE-PRECESSION; SPIN-ECHO; RESONANCE; DIFFUSION; MRI; FLUOROBENZENE; WATER AB Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments performed in magnetic fields on the order of microtesla yield line widths comparable to the lifetime limit even in grossly inhomogeneous magnets. The potential loss in sensitivity is overcome by combining prepolarization in fields on the order of millitesla and signal detection with a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID). The enhanced spectral resolution attainable in microtesla fields enables NMR studies of pure liquids and solutions without the need for strong magnets. We have investigated a variety of heteronuclear systems in both the weak and strong J-coupling regimes. Six different nuclear species have been detected with the same experimental apparatus. NMR signals of thermally polarized protons were obtained in fields as low as 554 nT. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pines, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Lee, Seung-Kyun/A-3464-2008; Trabesinger, Andreas/J-2008-2016 OI Lee, Seung-Kyun/0000-0001-7625-3141; Trabesinger, Andreas/0000-0003-3078-8399 NR 36 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD FEB 12 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 6 BP 957 EP 963 DI 10.1021/jp035181g PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 772FT UT WOS:000188831500005 ER PT J AU Jackson, GP Gibson, JK Duckworth, DC AF Jackson, GP Gibson, JK Duckworth, DC TI Gas-phase reactions of bare and ligated uranium ions with sulfur hexafluoride SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETER; TRANSITION-METAL IONS; LANTHANIDE CATIONS; BINDING-ENERGIES; BOND ACTIVATION; C-F; OH; PENTAMETHYLCYCLOPENTADIENE; REACTIVITY AB Reactions of bare and ligated uranium ions with sulfur hexafluoride were studied in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. Bare U+ was found to react rather efficiently with SF6 (k/k(ADO) similar to 0.4) to produce both UFn+ (n = 1, 2, 3, 4) and SFn+ (n = 1, 2, 3). Whereas the UF+/SF6 reaction rate was essentially the same as that for U+/SF6, both UF2+ and UF3+ were inert; this is attributed to a repulsive interaction between UFn+ and SF6 when n exceeds 1. Reactions of UF+ (k/k(ADO) similar to 0.2) and UF2+ (k/k(ADO) similar to 0.05) with H2O resulted in both F --> OH exchange and oxidaton. In contrast, UF3+ reacted very efficiently with H2O (k/k(ADO) similar to 1) exhibiting only F --> OH exchange. The primary ion products of the UO+/SF6 reaction (k/k(ADO) similar to 0.2) were SF3+ and UOF2+; those of the UOH+/SF6 reaction (k/k(ADO) similar to 0.3) were SF3+ and UOF+. The reaction results are discussed in the context of a previously proposed reaction model, the distinctive chemistry of uranium, and thermodynamic considerations. The results illuminate the nature of uranium as well as general aspects of the interaction of bare and ligated transition-metal ions with SF6. Results for collision-induced dissociation (CID) of selected uranium molecular ions support the concept of CID being a quasithermal process under these experimental conditions, with rearrangements prior to fragmentation possible for certain ions. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gibson, JK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gibsonjk@ornl.gov RI Jackson, Glen/D-3518-2014; Duckworth, Douglas/B-7171-2015 OI Jackson, Glen/0000-0003-0803-6254; Duckworth, Douglas/0000-0002-8161-5685 NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD FEB 12 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 6 BP 1042 EP 1051 DI 10.1021/jp037175q PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 772FT UT WOS:000188831500015 ER PT J AU Ko, MK Frei, H AF Ko, MK Frei, H TI Millisecond FT-IR spectroscopy of surface intermediates of C2H4 hydrogenation over Pt/Al2O3 catalyst under reaction conditions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; REFLECTION-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; ETHYLENE HYDROGENATION; INFRARED-SPECTRA; PT(111) SURFACES; IN-SITU; ETHYLIDYNE; CHEMISTRY; HYDROCARBONS AB Time-resolved rapid-scan FT-IR spectra of ethylene hydrogenation over alumina-supported Pt catalyst at 473 K were recorded under continuous H-2/N-2 flow (1 atm) and pulsed release of C2H4 (30 millisecond duration). Two surface species were observed, namely ethylidyne (CH3CPt3) with peaks at 2880 and 1339 cm(-1) (lifetime 300 +/- 50 ms), and a substantially shorter-lived intermediate with an intense band at 1200 cm(-1) and weak absorptions in the 2875-2860 cm(-1) region (lifetime around 100 ms). Comparison of the C2H4 + H-2 results with those of experiments using D-2 or C2D4 suggests that the 1200 cm(-1) species is a surface ethyl intermediate (CH3CH2Pt. This is the first observation on the lifetime of surface ethyl species under reaction conditions. The rise of the final ethane product, monitored by the v(CH) absorption at 2893 cm(-1) was found to reach a maximum already in the first recorded time slice. This suggests that the observed CH3CH2Pt species is a surface-trapped form of the kinetically relevant, only weakly interacting C2H5 radical intermediate. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mailstop Calvin Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Frei, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mailstop Calvin Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Ko, Malcolm/D-5898-2015 NR 42 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 12 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 6 BP 1805 EP 1808 DI 10.1021/jp030920e PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 772FV UT WOS:000188831700001 ER PT J AU Tamura, K Wang, JX Adzic, RR Ocko, BM AF Tamura, K Wang, JX Adzic, RR Ocko, BM TI Kinetics of monolayer Bi electrodeposition on Au(111): Surface X-ray scattering and current transients SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; POTENTIAL-INDUCED RECONSTRUCTION; IN-SITU; ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; AU(100); DIFFRACTION; ELECTROREDUCTION; DESORPTION; ADSORPTION; REDUCTION AB The kinetics of Bi monolayer electrodeposition (underpotential deposition) on the Au(111) electrode was investigated using surface X-ray scattering and electrochemical methods. The current and X-ray intensity transients were measured simultaneously using a low-resistance drop cell that has a potential response time less than 50 mus. Three independent measurements of the Bi coverage transients were obtained, which are related to (1) the integrated charge, (2) the adsorbed Bi, irrespective of the adsorption site, and (3) the adsorbed Bi with a well-defined (2x2) structure. The zero-coverage <----> commensurate (2x2)-Bi phase transition occurs on the millisecond time scale, 3 orders of magnitude more rapidly than the (2x2)-Bi <----> high-coverage incommensurate (pxroot3)-2Bi phase transition. Nucleation and growth kinetics was observed for both transitions involving Bi desorption. Langmuir adsorption kinetics was observed for both transitions involving Bi adsorption. Comparison of the total coverage with that measured by in-plane diffraction intensity suggests fast coarsening of islands for the transition for the zero-coverage <----> commensurate (2x2)-Bi phase transition. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ocko, BM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011 NR 28 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 12 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 6 BP 1992 EP 1998 DI 10.1021/jp0368435 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 772FV UT WOS:000188831700028 ER PT J AU Link, JM Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Machado, AA Magnin, J Massafferri, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM Polycarpo, E dos Reis, AC Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Cuautle, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Vazquez, F Uribe, C Agostino, L Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Segoni, I Wahl, M Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Chiodini, G Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Wang, M Benussi, L Bertani, M Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Zallo, A Reyes, M Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Kryemadhi, A Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Cho, K Park, H Alimonti, G Barberis, S Boschini, M Cerutti, A D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Edera, L Erba, S Giammarchi, M Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, S Davenport, TF Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Merlo, MM Pantea, D Pegna, DL Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Luiggi, E Mendez, H Paris, A Ramirez, JE Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Handler, T Mitchell, R Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Stenson, K Vaandering, EW Webster, M Sheaff, M AF Link, JM Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Machado, AA Magnin, J Massafferri, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM Polycarpo, E dos Reis, AC Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Cuautle, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Vazquez, F Uribe, C Agostino, L Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Segoni, I Wahl, M Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Chiodini, G Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Wang, M Benussi, L Bertani, M Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Zallo, A Reyes, M Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Kryemadhi, A Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Cho, K Park, H Alimonti, G Barberis, S Boschini, M Cerutti, A D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Edera, L Erba, S Giammarchi, M Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, S Davenport, TF Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Merlo, MM Pantea, D Pegna, DL Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Luiggi, E Mendez, H Paris, A Ramirez, JE Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Handler, T Mitchell, R Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Stenson, K Vaandering, EW Webster, M Sheaff, M CA FOCUS Collaboration TI Charm-anticharm baryon production asymmetries in photon-nucleon interactions SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOPRODUCTION AB We report measurements of the charm-anticharm production asymmetries for Lambda(c)(+), Sigma(c)(++), Sigma(c)(0), Sigma(c)(++)*, Sigma(c)(0)*, and Lambda(c)(+)(2625) baryons from the Fermilab photoproduction experiment FOCUS (E831). These asymmetries are integrated over the region where the spectrometer has good acceptance. In addition, we have obtained results for the photoproduction asymmetries of the Lambda(c) baryons as functions of p(L), p(T)(2) and x(F). The integrated asymmetry for Lambda(c)(+) production, (sigma(Lambdac)+ - sigma(Lambdac)-) /(sigma(Lambdac)+ - sigma(Lambdac)-), is 0.111 +/- 0.018 +/- 0.012, significantly different from zero. The asymmetries of the excited states' are consistent with the Lambda(c) asymmetry. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. IFUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Guanajuato, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, I-20122 Milan, Italy. Univ N Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Link, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Bonomi, Germano/G-4236-2010; Kwak, Jungwon/K-8338-2012; Link, Jonathan/L-2560-2013; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /H-4721-2016; Menasce, Dario Livio/A-2168-2016; Gianini, Gabriele/M-5195-2014; OI Kryemadhi, Abaz/0000-0002-1240-2803; Bonomi, Germano/0000-0003-1618-9648; Link, Jonathan/0000-0002-1514-0650; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /0000-0003-0523-495X; Kutschke, Robert/0000-0001-9315-2879; Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; Gianini, Gabriele/0000-0001-5186-0199; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 12 PY 2004 VL 581 IS 1-2 BP 39 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.12.011 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 769ZN UT WOS:000188698200005 ER PT J AU Abdul-Razzak, H Ghan, SJ AF Abdul-Razzak, H Ghan, SJ TI Parameterization of the influence of organic surfactants on aerosol activation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE organic; aerosol; activation ID CLOUD-CONDENSATION-NUCLEI; INORGANIC SOLUTE; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL; PARTICLES; WATER; COMPONENT; BEHAVIOR; DROPLETS; GROWTH AB Surface-active organic compounds, or surfactants, can affect aerosol activation by two mechanisms: lowering surface tension and altering the bulk hygroscopicity of the particles. A numerical model has been developed to predict the activation of aerosol particles consisting of an internally uniform chemical mixture of organic surfactants and inorganic salts in a parcel of air rising adiabatically at constant speed. Equations reflecting water balance of the air parcel were used together with a modified form of Kohler theory to model droplet nucleation while considering surface effects. We also extend a parametric representation of aerosol activation to the case of a mixture of inorganic salts and organic surfactants by modifying the Raoult term in Kohler theory (assuming additive behavior) and using a simplified relationship between surface tension and surfactant molar concentration to account for surface effects at the critical radius for activation. The close agreement (to within 10% for most and 20% for almost all conditions) between numerical and parametric results validates our modifications. Moreover, the form of the relationship is identical to an empirical relationship between surface tension and organic carbon concentration. Thus the modified form of the parameterization provides a framework that can account for the influence of observed organics on the activation of other salts. The modified form of the parameterization is tested successfully with the Po Valley model both for single aerosol size distribution and three-mode size distributions for marine, rural, and urban aerosols. Further measurements are required to extend the parameterization to other organic surfactants. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Climate Phys Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Abdul-Razzak, H (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. EM steve.ghan@pnl.gov RI Ghan, Steven/H-4301-2011 OI Ghan, Steven/0000-0001-8355-8699 NR 26 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 11 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D3 AR D03205 DI 10.1029/2003JD004043 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 775QB UT WOS:000189051900004 ER PT J AU Dutton, EG Farhadi, A Stone, RS Long, CN Nelson, DW AF Dutton, EG Farhadi, A Stone, RS Long, CN Nelson, DW TI Long-term variations in the occurrence and effective solar transmission of clouds as determined from surface-based total irradiance observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE clouds; solar irradiance; climate ID LIQUID WATER PATH; STRATIFORM CLOUDS; SOUTH-POLE; RADIATION; CLIMATE; IRIS; VARIABILITY; TEMPERATURE; CLOUDINESS; ATMOSPHERE AB Time series of cloud solar transmission and cloud occurrence frequency are developed for the past 27 years at four globally remote and climatically diverse surface locations. A new methodology is developed that objectively segregates times of cloud-free conditions from those times when clouds are detected in high-time-resolution total solar irradiance observations that are obtained from pyranometers. The methodology for cloud detection depends on the magnitude and short-term variability of observed departures from clear-sky conditions. Expected clear-sky irradiances are based on interpolated clear-sky observations. Results of the new cloud detection methodology are compared to four independent cloud detection methods. An effective cloud transmission is determined as the ratio of observed irradiance in the presence of clouds to that expected in the absence of clouds. Selective forward scattering by clouds toward the observation site results in computed effective transmissions frequently being >1.0. It is shown that conditional temporal averaging of effective cloud transmission over periods of three days or more virtually eliminates the unrealistic cloud transmissions exceeding 1.0. Such temporal averaging of the surface measurements is advantageous for comparing against other area-wide cloud transmission estimates, such as those determined from satellite or by numerical climate models. The cloud occurrence frequency and the effective solar transmission for long-term observational records are summarized into monthly and annual averages, and their long-term variability is investigated. Temporal variations in frequency distributions of transmission are used to determine which clouds are responsible for changes in mean cloudiness. A statistically significant upward trend in cloud occurrence frequency, from 76 to 82% between 1976 and 2001, is detected at Barrow, Alaska, where clouds having solar transmission near 0.2 exhibit the largest increase. At the South Pole, decadal timescale oscillations in both cloud characteristics are detected, but no particular cloud category is identified as the source of that oscillation. C1 NOAA, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dutton, EG (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM ellsworth.g.dutton@noaa.gov NR 35 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 11 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D3 AR D03204 DI 10.1029/2003JD003568 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 775QB UT WOS:000189051900002 ER PT J AU Keune, W Ruckert, T Sahoo, B Sturhahn, W Toellner, TS Alp, EE Rohlsberger, R AF Keune, W Ruckert, T Sahoo, B Sturhahn, W Toellner, TS Alp, EE Rohlsberger, R TI Atomic vibrational density of states in crystalline and amorphous Tb1-xFex alloy thin films studied by nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (NRIXS) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Euroschool on New Materials and their Dynamics - Advances throuth Synchrotron Radiation CY SEP 29-OCT 11, 2002 CL Rostock Warnemunde, GERMANY ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; MULTILAYERS; ABSORPTION; MODEL; TB; FE AB Nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering of 14.4125 keV synchrotron radiation was employed to measure directly the partial (Fe projected) vibrational density of states (VDOS), g(E), of vapour-quenched amorphous (a-)(Tb1-xFex)-Fe-57 thin film alloys (0.20 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.82) and epitaxial (TbFe2)-Fe-57(110) thin films. A comparison of the VDOS measured at 300 and 10 K, respectively, demonstrates that the vibrational anharmonicity is small in these systems. The probability of recoilless absorption (f factor), the average kinetic energy per Fe atom and the average force constant were obtained. A plot of g(E)/E-2 versus E proves the existence of non-Debye-like vibrational excitations at excitation energies below about 10 meV for the amorphous alloys. At a constant film thickness of 17.5 nm, the probability of these excitations scales about linearly with the Tb concentration. C1 Univ Duisburg Gesamthsch, Inst Phys, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Rostock, Fachbereich Phys, D-18055 Rostock, Germany. RP Keune, W (reprint author), Univ Duisburg Gesamthsch, Inst Phys, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany. EM keune@uni-duisburg.de RI Sahoo, Balaram/E-4828-2011; Rohlsberger, Ralf/J-4173-2013 OI Sahoo, Balaram/0000-0002-2050-4746; Rohlsberger, Ralf/0000-0001-6005-5183 NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 11 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 5 SI SI BP S379 EP S393 AR PII S0953-8984(04)65140-X DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/5/004 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 800SU UT WOS:000220048800005 ER PT J AU Sturhahn, W AF Sturhahn, W TI Nuclear resonant spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Euroschool on New Materials and their Dynamics - Advances Through Synchrotron Radiation CY SEP 29-OCT 11, 2002 CL Rostock Warnemunde, GERMANY ID DENSITY-OF-STATES; X-RAY-SCATTERING; SYNCHROTRON MOSSBAUER REFLECTOMETRY; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; HIGH-PRESSURE; THIN-FILMS; WAVELENGTH STANDARD; BRAGG-DIFFRACTION; LOCALIZED MODES; GAMMA-RAYS AB Nuclear resonant scattering techniques with synchrotron radiation (SR) are introduced on a basic level. We focus on the theoretical background and on experimental aspects of two popular methods with a widening range of applications, nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering and synchrotron Mossbauer spectroscopy. The inelastic method provides specific vibrational information, e.g., the phonon density of states. The Mossbauer method permits determination of hyperfine interactions. All nuclear resonance techniques take full advantage of the unique properties of SR: intensity, collimation, time structure, and polarization. As a result both methods discussed here have led to novel applications for materials under extreme conditions, proteins with biological functionality, and magnetic nanostructures. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sturhahn, W (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM sturhahn@anl.gov NR 117 TC 111 Z9 112 U1 1 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 11 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 5 SI SI BP S497 EP S530 AR PII S0953-8984(04)69423-9 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/5/009 PG 34 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 800SU UT WOS:000220048800010 ER PT J AU Pan, L Sander, MB Huang, XY Li, J Smith, M Bittner, E Bockrath, B Johnson, JK AF Pan, L Sander, MB Huang, XY Li, J Smith, M Bittner, E Bockrath, B Johnson, JK TI Microporous metal organic materials: Promising candidates as sorbents for hydrogen storage SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; ADSORPTION; FRAMEWORK C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, 610 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM jingli@rutchem.rutgers.edu RI Huang, Xiao-Ying/E-9705-2011; Johnson, Karl/E-9733-2013 OI Huang, Xiao-Ying/0000-0002-3514-216X; Johnson, Karl/0000-0002-3608-8003 NR 13 TC 537 Z9 541 U1 10 U2 67 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 11 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 5 BP 1308 EP 1309 DI 10.1021/ja0392871 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 772GX UT WOS:000188834900004 PM 14759166 ER PT J AU Skoulidas, AI AF Skoulidas, AI TI Molecular dynamics simulations of gas diffusion in metal-organic frameworks: Argon in CuBTC SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT DIFFUSIVITIES; ATOMISTIC SIMULATIONS; SORPTION PROPERTIES; NANOPOROUS MATERIAL; SILICALITE; ZEOLITES; DESIGN; METHANE; EQUILIBRIUM; ADSORPTION C1 US DOE, Natl Energy & Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Skoulidas, AI (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy & Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM anastasios.skoulidas@netl.doe.gov NR 24 TC 134 Z9 138 U1 11 U2 66 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 11 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 5 BP 1356 EP 1357 DI 10.1021/ja039215+ PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 772GX UT WOS:000188834900028 PM 14759190 ER PT J AU Li, Z AF Li, Z TI Novel silicon stripixel detector: concept, simulation, design, and fabrication SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Si detectors; pixel; strip; stripixel; 2D position resolution; single-sided process AB A novel detector concept has been developed in this work that has the necessary properties to provide two-dimensional (2-D) position sensitivity with a moderate number of readout electronic channels and single-sided detector fabrication process. The concept is based on interleaved pixel electrodes arranged in a projective X-Y readout, which makes possible position encoding with minimum number of channels. In further discussions, we refer to this concept as "stripixel" detector, as it combines the 2-D position resolution of a pixel electrode geometry with the simplicity of the projective readout of a double-sided strip detector. For DC coupled detectors with large pitches ( > 20 mum), individual pixels are divided into X- and Y-cell that can be interleaved by many different schemes that ensure the charge sharing between them. This type of stripixel detectors is called interleaved stripixel detectors. When the detector pitch goes down (< 20 mum), the X and Y-pixel may not have to be interleaved, and they can be connected in an alternating way to X-Y strip readout. This type of stripixel detectors is called alternating stripixel detectors (ASD). For ASD, a position resolution better than 1 mum in two dimensions can be achieved by determining the centroid of the charge collected on pixel electrodes with a granularity in the range of 5-6 mum. For AC coupled detectors, no interleaving scheme may be needed, and there may be no limit on the pitch size, i.e. it may go from pitches in the order of microns, to hundreds of microns or even mm's. This electrode granularity does not pose difficult demands on the lithography and the fabrication technology. This novel detector concept can be applied to any semiconductor detectors/sensors, such as Si, Ge, GaAs, SiC, diamond, etc. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Li, Z (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 535B,POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM zhengl@bnl.gov NR 9 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 11 PY 2004 VL 518 IS 3 BP 738 EP 753 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.06.014 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 774CB UT WOS:000188961200006 ER PT J AU Smith, DL Naberejnev, DG AF Smith, DL Naberejnev, DG TI Confidence intervals for the lognormal probability distribution SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE analysis; errors; uncertainty; probability; variables; symmetric confidence intervals AB The present communication addresses the topic of symmetric confidence intervals for the lognormal probability distribution. This distribution is frequently utilized to characterize inherently positive, continuous random variables that are selected to represent many physical quantities in applied nuclear science and technology. The basic formalism is outlined herein and a conjured numerical example is provided for illustration. It is demonstrated that when the uncertainty reflected in a lognormal probability distribution is large, the use of a confidence interval provides much more useful information about the variable used to represent a particular physical quantity than can be had by adhering to the notion that the mean value and standard deviation of the distribution ought to be interpreted as best value and corresponding error, respectively. Furthermore, it is shown that if the uncertainty is very large a disturbing anomaly can arise when one insists on interpreting the mean value and standard deviation as the best value and corresponding error, respectively. Reliance on using the mode and median as alternative parameters to represent the best available knowledge of a variable with large uncertainties is also shown to entail limitations. Finally, a realistic physical example involving the decay of radioactivity over a time period that spans many half-lives is presented and analyzed to further illustrate the concepts discussed in this communication. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Smith, DL (reprint author), ANL, 1710 Ave Mundo 1506, Coronado, CA 92118 USA. EM donald.l.smith@anl.gov NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 11 PY 2004 VL 518 IS 3 BP 754 EP 763 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.09.068 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 774CB UT WOS:000188961200007 ER PT J AU Arnaboldi, C Avignone, FT Beeman, J Barucci, M Balata, M Brofferio, C Bucci, C Cebrian, S Creswick, RJ Capelli, S Carbone, L Cremonesi, O de Ward, A Fiorini, E Farach, HA Frossati, G Giuliani, A Giugni, D Gorla, P Haller, EE Irastorza, IG McDonald, RJ Morales, A Norman, EB Negri, P Nucciotti, A Pedretti, M Pobes, C Palmieri, V Pavan, M Pessina, G Pirro, S Previtali, E Rosenfeld, C Smith, AR Sisti, M Ventura, G Vanzini, M Zanotti, L AF Arnaboldi, C Avignone, FT Beeman, J Barucci, M Balata, M Brofferio, C Bucci, C Cebrian, S Creswick, RJ Capelli, S Carbone, L Cremonesi, O de Ward, A Fiorini, E Farach, HA Frossati, G Giuliani, A Giugni, D Gorla, P Haller, EE Irastorza, IG McDonald, RJ Morales, A Norman, EB Negri, P Nucciotti, A Pedretti, M Pobes, C Palmieri, V Pavan, M Pessina, G Pirro, S Previtali, E Rosenfeld, C Smith, AR Sisti, M Ventura, G Vanzini, M Zanotti, L TI CUORE: a cryogenic underground observatory for rare events SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE underground detectors; double-beta decay; dark matter; WIMPs; axions ID DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY; COHERENT PRIMAKOFF CONVERSION; RANDOM-PHASE-APPROXIMATION; BASE-LINE RESTORER; SUPER-KAMIOKANDE; NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; GERMANIUM DETECTORS; PARTICLE DETECTORS; EXCITED-STATES; SOLAR AXIONS AB CUORE is a proposed tightly packed array of 1000 TeO2 bolometers, each being a cube 5 cm on a side with a mass of 760 g. The array consists of 25 vertical towers, arranged in a square of 5 towers x 5 towers, each containing 10 layers of four crystals. The design of the detector is optimized for ultralow-background searches: for neutrinoless double-beta decay of Te-130 (33.8% abundance), cold dark matter, solar axions, and rare nuclear decays. A preliminary experiment involving 20 crystals 3 x 3 x 6 cm(3) of 340 g has been completed, and a single CUORE tower is being constructed as a smaller-scale experiment called CUORICINO. The expected performance and sensitivity, based on Monte Carlo simulations and extrapolations of present results, are reported. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis, I-20136 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20136 Milan, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Florence, Dipartimento Fis, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Lab Nazl Gran Saso, I-67010 Assergi, Aquila, Italy. Univ Zaragoza, Lab Fis Nucl & Atlas Energias, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Univ Insubria, Dipartimento Sci Chim Fis & Matemat, I-22100 Como, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-22100 Como, Italy. Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Avignone, FT (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RI Irastorza, Igor/B-2085-2012; Nucciotti, Angelo/I-8888-2012; Gorla, Paolo/B-5243-2014; capelli, silvia/G-5168-2012; Barucci, Marco/D-4209-2012; Sisti, Monica/B-7550-2013; OI Irastorza, Igor/0000-0003-1163-1687; Nucciotti, Angelo/0000-0002-8458-1556; capelli, silvia/0000-0002-0300-2752; Barucci, Marco/0000-0003-0381-3376; Sisti, Monica/0000-0003-2517-1909; pavan, maura/0000-0002-9723-7834; Pessina, Gianluigi Ezio/0000-0003-3700-9757 NR 97 TC 223 Z9 224 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 11 PY 2004 VL 518 IS 3 BP 775 EP 798 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.07.067 PG 24 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 774CB UT WOS:000188961200009 ER PT J AU Mahajan, D Marshall, CL Castagnola, N Hanson, JC AF Mahajan, D Marshall, CL Castagnola, N Hanson, JC TI Sono synthesis and characterization of nano-phase molybdenum-based materials for catalytic hydrodesulfurization SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE sonolysis; hydrodesulfurization; nano-catalysis ID HYDROTREATING CATALYSTS; SONOCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS; SULFIDE; MOS2; DIBENZOTHIOPHENE; PARTICLES; IRON AB Unsupported nano-phase MoS2, Cos, and CoS-MoS2 (Mo/Co mole ratio similar to6/1) materials were prepared in hexadecane by sonolysis of the corresponding metal carbonyls at similar to50degreesC in high (>90%) yields as measured by the evolved carbon monoxide. Direct sonolysis of commercial micron-sized MoS2 in hexadecane did not result in nano-sizing. The TEM images showed that the synthesized MoS2 were aggregates of similar to20 nm mean particle diameter, Cos was similar to50 nm and the mixed-metal CoS-MoS2 could be viewed as a composite in which smaller MoS2 particles resided on the larger crystallites of CoS. The broad XRD peaks were consistent with nano-structured MoS2 and the sharp peaks were consistent with a more crystalline CoS-MoS2 Species. The sharp peaks did not fit any single Cos pattern suggesting multiple phases. The XRD data showed that sonolysis did not alter the morphology of the micron-sized commercial MoS2 sample. In the HDS comparative activity study of dibenzothiophene, the synthesized nano-phase MoS2 exhibited more than an order of magnitude higher activity than its commercial micron-sized counterpart and the addition of Co further enhanced the activity. The HDS activity mirrored the temperature programmed reduction data. Interestingly, the nano-phase materials were less active for hydrogenation of 1-octene during the HDS study. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mahajan, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM dmahajan@bnl.gov RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; Marshall, Christopher/D-1493-2015 OI Marshall, Christopher/0000-0002-1285-7648 NR 33 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD FEB 10 PY 2004 VL 258 IS 1 BP 83 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.apcata.2003.08.014 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 774FC UT WOS:000188968200010 ER PT J AU Kjornrattanawanich, B Bajt, S Seely, JF AF Kjornrattanawanich, B Bajt, S Seely, JF TI Mo/B4C/Si multilayer-coated photodiode with polarization sensitivity at an extreme-ultraviolet wavelength of 13.5 nm SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID REFLECTANCE; RADIATION; REGION AB A silicon photodiode coated with an interface-engineered Mo/Si multilayer was developed as a polarization sensitive detector. The Mo/B4C/Si multilayer was designed to reflect 13.5-nm extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation at an incident angle of 45degrees, at which the maximum polarization sensitivity occurs. The sensitivity of this specially coated photodiode and its polarization responses were determined by measurement of the reflectance and transmittance of the multilayer coating with synchrotron radiation. The Mo/B4C/Si multilayer was found to reflect 69.9% of the s-polarized radiation and only 2.4% of the p-polarized radiation, thus transmitting approximately 0.2% s-polarized radiation and 8.4% p-polarized radiation at a 13.5-nm wavelength and a 45degrees angle of incidence. A polarization ratio, (T-p - T-s)/(T-p + T-s), of 95% was achieved with sufficiently high sensitivity from this photodiode. This result demonstrates the high polarization sensitivity and the usefulness of multilayer-coated photodiodes as novel EUV polarimeters. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Space Res Assoc, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. USN, Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kjornrattanawanich, B (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Space Res Assoc, Beamline X24C, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM benjawan@bnl.gov RI Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010 NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 10 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1082 EP 1090 DI 10.1364/AO.43.001082 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 773BY UT WOS:000188878900009 PM 15008487 ER PT J AU Snodgrass, JW Hopkins, WA Broughton, J Gwinn, D Baionno, JA Burger, J AF Snodgrass, JW Hopkins, WA Broughton, J Gwinn, D Baionno, JA Burger, J TI Species-specific responses of developing anurans to coal combustion wastes SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amphibians; coal combustion wastes; development; metamorphosis ID BULLFROGS RANA-CATESBEIANA; AMPHIBIAN METAMORPHOSIS; AMBYSTOMA-TALPOIDEUM; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; LARVAL; TADPOLES; DENSITY; FROGS; ASH; RECRUITMENT AB Field surveys and field experiments have previously documented adverse effects of solid byproducts from coal incineration (coal combustion wastes (CCW)) on larval amphibians inhabiting aquatic habitats. However, a definitive link between CCW-exposure and developmental abnormalities has not been established because no studies have addressed the direct effects of prolonged exposure to CCW on larval amphibian development under controlled laboratory conditions. In the laboratory we exposed green frog (Rana clamitans) and wood frog (Rana sylvatica) larvae to either clean sand or CCW-contaminated sediment to investigate the direct effects of CCW exposure on trace element accumulation, growth, developmental rate, malformations, survival, and metamorphic success. While both species accumulated significant (P < 0.05) concentrations of at least six trace elements (As, Cd, Fe, Se, Sr, and V), effects of exposure to CCW varied between species, with R. clamitans larvae experiencing more severe effects including a 26% reduction in survival and a 45% reduction in metamorphic success. Furthermore, exposure to CCW decreased growth and developmental rates among larvae of both species that successfully completed metamorphosis. Larval period duration was increased by 10 and 11%, and size at metamorphosis was decreased by 10 and 39% in R. clamitans and R. sylvatica exposed to CCW, respectively. Rates of malformations were &LE;4%, and were not dependent on species or sediment treatment. Our results confirm the direct effects of CCW on aquatic amphibian larvae suggested by previous field studies, and indicate that considerable variation may exist in sensitivity among species exposed to CCW. These findings have important implications for the management of CCW since >50 million t are discharged annually to surface impoundments in the US, which are often used by breeding amphibians. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Savannah, GA USA. Rutgers State Univ, CRESP, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Rutgers, NJ USA. RP Snodgrass, JW (reprint author), Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. EM jsnodgrass@towson.edu RI Snodgrass, Joel/C-5288-2016; OI Snodgrass, Joel/0000-0002-4436-8750 NR 30 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD FEB 10 PY 2004 VL 66 IS 2 BP 171 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2003.09.002 PG 12 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 800CR UT WOS:000220007000006 PM 15036872 ER PT J AU Godon, P Sion, EM Cheng, FH Gansicke, BT Howell, S Knigge, C Sparks, WM Starrfield, S AF Godon, P Sion, EM Cheng, FH Gansicke, BT Howell, S Knigge, C Sparks, WM Starrfield, S TI Modeling the heating and cooling of WZ Sagittae following the 2001 July outburst SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE novae, cataclysmic variables; stars : individual (WZ Sagittae); white dwarfs ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; WHITE-DWARF; SUPEROUTBURST; OSCILLATIONS; ATMOSPHERES; EVENTS AB Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer and Hubble Space Telescope Space Telescope Imaging Spectograph spectra of the dwarf nova WZ Sge, obtained during and following the early superoutburst of 2001 July over a time span of 20 months, monitor changes in the components of the system during its different phases. The synthetic spectral fits to the data indicate a cooling in response to the outburst of about 12,000 K, from approximate to 28,000 down to approximate to 16,000 K. The cooling timescale tau (Of the white dwarf temperature excess) is on the order of 100 days in the early phase of the cooling period, and increases to T 850 days toward the end of the second year following the outburst. In the present work, we numerically model the accretional heating and subsequent cooling of the accreting white dwarf in WZ Sge. The best compressional heating model fit is obtained for a 1.2 M-. white dwarf accreting at a rate of 9 x 10(-9) M-. yr(-1) for 52 days. However, if one assumes a lower mass accretion rate or a lower white dwarf mass, then compressional heating alone cannot account for the observed temperature decline, and other sources of heating have to be included to increase the temperature of the model to the observed value. We quantitatively check the effect of boundary layer irradiation as such an additional source. C1 Villanova Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. Univ Southampton, Dept Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. Univ Calif Riverside, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Godon, P (reprint author), Villanova Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. EM patrick.godon@villanova.edu; emsion@ast.villanova.edu; btg@astro.soton.ac.uk; steve.howell@ucr.edu; christian@astro.soton.ac.uk; wms@lanl.gov; sumner.starrfield@asu.edu RI Gaensicke, Boris/A-9421-2012 OI Gaensicke, Boris/0000-0002-2761-3005 NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 2004 VL 602 IS 1 BP 336 EP 341 DI 10.1086/380918 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 779MT UT WOS:000189304900032 ER PT J AU Sapochak, LS Ranasinghe, A Kohlmann, H Ferris, KF Burrows, PE AF Sapochak, LS Ranasinghe, A Kohlmann, H Ferris, KF Burrows, PE TI Structure and three-dimensional crystal packing preferences for mer-tris(8-quinolinolato)indium(III) vapor-phase-grown crystals SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID COMPLEXES; ALUMINUM; SYSTEMS; STATES; ALQ(3) AB Evaluation of indium(III) tris(8-quinolinolato) (Inq(3)) chelate crystals grown slowly from the vapor phase under vacuum (similar to10(-6) Torr) was compared to the aluminum analogue, Alq(3). In both cases, a previously unidentified close pi-pi interaction is identified, which likely impacts charge conduction. In the case of Inq3, we observe a mixture of both meridianal (mer) and facial (fac) crystals. The larger pseudohexagon mer-Inq(3) crystals were analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and showed average In-N and In-O bond lengths significantly longer (0.22 and 0.26 Angstrom, respectively) than Alq(3) and bond angles about the In3+ ion more distorted from an ideal octahedral geometry. The crystalline packing of mer-Inq(3) is found to closely resemble the beta-Alq(3) phase, where both metal chelates are characterized by pairing of symmetry-related mer-optical isomers in three-dimensional pi-pi stacking interactions (similar to3.5 Angstrom or less). The smaller needlelike crystals were determined to be pure fac-Inq(3) by powder X-ray diffraction studies. An equivalent is not observed when Alq(3) is processed in an identical manner. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Sapochak, LS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RI Kohlmann, Holger/C-6244-2009 NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD FEB 10 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 3 BP 401 EP 406 DI 10.1021/cm034709r PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 771UP UT WOS:000188804700007 ER PT J AU Striolo, A Gubbins, KE Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT AF Striolo, A Gubbins, KE Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT TI Simulated water adsorption isotherms in carbon nanopores SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR SIMULATION; ACTIVATED CARBONS; SEPARATION; MICROPORES; MIXTURES AB Water adsorption isotherms are calculated by grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations for the SPC/E water model in carbon nanopores at 298 K. The pores are of slit or cylindrical morphology. Carbon-slit pores are of widths 0.8, 1.0 and 1.6 nm. The simulated single-walled carbon nanotubes are of 1.4 and 2.7 nm diameter ((10:10) and (20:20) respectively). In all cases considered, the adsorption isotherms are characterized by negligible adsorption at low pressures, pore filling by a capillary-condensation-like mechanism and adsorption-desorption hysteresis loops. For both pore morphologies considered, the relative pressures at which pore filling occurs, and the width of the adsorption-desorption hysteresis loop decrease with decreasing pore size. Adsorption isotherms simulated for water in carbon nanotubes show pore filling at lower relative pressures and narrower adsorption-desorption hysteresis loops when compared to adsorption isotherms simulated in carbon-slit pores of similar sizes. By using representative simulation snapshots, the mechanisms of pore filling and pore emptying are discussed. Pore filling happens by growth of hydrogen-bonded clusters of adsorbed water molecules, without the formation of monolayers as observed in the adsorption of simple fluids. Pore emptying occurs by the formation of bubbles, often in contact with the hydrophobic surface, followed by the coalescence and growth of these bubbles. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Riddick Labs 113, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Striolo, A (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM alberto.striolo@vanderbilt.edu RI Striolo, Alberto/G-2926-2011; Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013; OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216; Chialvo, Ariel/0000-0002-6091-4563 NR 30 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 6 U2 33 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 EI 1362-3028 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD FEB 10 PY 2004 VL 102 IS 3 BP 243 EP 251 DI 10.1080/00268970410001668507 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 813FZ UT WOS:000220894300002 ER PT J AU Bell, AT AF Bell, AT TI Challenges for the application of quantum chemical calculations to problems in catalysis SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; MINIMUM ENERGY PATHS; ELASTIC BAND METHOD; SADDLE-POINTS; TRANSITION; MOLECULES; STATES AB A long-standing goal of researchers in the field of catalysis is to develop first-principles methods for determining catalyst activity and selectivity. Advances in quantum chemical methods and codes, together with impressive improvements in computer speed, have contributed significantly towards the achievement of this objective. A review of current quantum chemical theories and models of catalytically active sites is presented with the aim of defining what is possible today and what needs to be done. Particular attention is given to identifying the trade-offs between achieving accurate energies of adsorbed and transition states and computational cost. Methods available for finding reaction pathways and calculating rate coefficients are also reviewed and discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bell, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD FEB 10 PY 2004 VL 102 IS 3 BP 319 EP 329 DI 10.1080/00268970410001668480 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 813FZ UT WOS:000220894300010 ER PT J AU McCabe, RJ Misra, A Mitchell, TE AF McCabe, RJ Misra, A Mitchell, TE TI Experimentally determined content of a geometrically necessary dislocation boundary in copper SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE transmission electron microscopy; copper; deformation structure; dislocation boundaries; dislocation structure ID GRAIN-ORIENTATION; CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; DEFORMATION; STRAIN; MICROSTRUCTURE; MISORIENTATION; EVOLUTION; ALUMINUM; METALS AB Weak beam and stereo transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to analyze them dislocation content of a crystallographic geometrically necessary dislocation boundary (GNB) in rolled copper. The GNB is oriented close to the (111) slip plane and is composed primarily of dislocations from the three highest stressed slip systems: 1/2[110] (111), 1/2[101](111), and 1/2[110](111). The boundary also contains a large number of dislocation nodes and reaction products (junctions) of the three primary sets including junctions of the first two sets resulting in a Lomer lock configuration 1/2[011](100). The dislocation configuration within the boundary appears to be a low energy structure within the confines of the system. The general boundary minimum energy solution to Frank's formula does not agree well with the observed configuration. Solutions containing high densities of dislocations with Burgers vectors from the highest stressed slip systems give more reasonable agreement. An alternate analysis of Frank's formula considering only slip activity on two fee slip planes also gives reasonable results. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP McCabe, RJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rmccabe@lanl.gov RI Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012 NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 3 BP 705 EP 714 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.10.006 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 772RM UT WOS:000188855100019 ER PT J AU Thorsmolle, VK Averitt, RD Chi, X Hilton, DJ Smith, DL Ramirez, AP Taylor, AJ AF Thorsmolle, VK Averitt, RD Chi, X Hilton, DJ Smith, DL Ramirez, AP Taylor, AJ TI Ultrafast conductivity dynamics in pentacene probed using terahertz spectroscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILICON AB We present measurements of the transient photoconductivity in pentacene single crystals using optical-pump terahertz-probe spectroscopy. We have measured the temperature and fluence dependence of the mobility of the photoexcited charge carriers with picosecond resolution. The pentacene crystals were excited at 3.0 eV, which is above the bandgap of similar to2.2 eV, and the induced change in the far-infrared transmission was measured. At 30 K, the carrier mobility is muapproximate to0.4 cm(2)/V s and decreases to muapproximate to0.2 cm(2)/V s at room temperature. The transient terahertz signal reveals the presence of free carriers that are trapped on the time scale of a few picoseconds or less, possibly through the formation of excitons, small polarons, or trapping by impurities. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Thorsmolle, VK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM vthorsmolle@lanl.gov RI Hilton, David/E-4929-2010; Thorsmolle, Verner/M-1095-2015 OI Thorsmolle, Verner/0000-0002-5890-4403 NR 22 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 6 BP 891 EP 893 DI 10.1063/1.1644046 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 771AR UT WOS:000188763800019 ER PT J AU Shan, W Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W Beeman, JW Wu, J Ager, JW Scarpulla, MA Dubon, OD Haller, EE AF Shan, W Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W Beeman, JW Wu, J Ager, JW Scarpulla, MA Dubon, OD Haller, EE TI Effects of pressure on the band structure of highly mismatched Zn1-yMnyOxTe1-x alloys SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION-IMPLANTATION; GAINNAS ALLOYS; NITROGEN; GAN(X)AS1-X; GAAS AB We report photomodulation spectroscopy measurements of the pressure dependence of the optical transition in Zn1-yMnyOxTe1-x alloys that is associated with the lowest Gamma conduction band (termed E- subband). The pressure-induced energy shift of the E- transition is nonlinear and much weaker as compared to the change of the direct band gap of Zn0.88Mn0.12Te. The weak pressure dependence of the E- transition can be fully understood based on the band anticrossing model in which the E- subband results from an interaction between the extended ZnMnTe conduction-band states and the localized O electronic states. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wshan@lbl.gov RI Scarpulla, Michael/C-7941-2009; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; Scarpulla, Michael/0000-0002-6084-6839; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 6 BP 924 EP 926 DI 10.1063/1.1646457 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 771AR UT WOS:000188763800030 ER PT J AU Velisavljevic, N MacMinn, KM Vohra, YK Weir, ST AF Velisavljevic, N MacMinn, KM Vohra, YK Weir, ST TI Electrical measurements on praseodymium metal to 179 GPa using designer diamond anvils SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PHASE AB The electrical and magnetic properties of light rare-earth metals and trans-plutonium actinide metals are of interest to study the f-shell delocalization phenomenon under high compressions. Using designer diamond anvil technology, sensitive electrical four-probe measurements were performed on light rare-earth metal praseodymium to pressures of 179 GPa at room temperature. We document an average drop in resistivity of 53% at a pressure of 20 GPa in a series of high-pressure experiments. This large drop in resistivity provides the strongest experimental evidence yet for the view that the 20 GPa phase transition is indeed associated with f-electron delocalization. Our results show that the precise electrical measurements are ideally suited for f-delocalization studies, especially where structural data do not provide clear evidence of this transition. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Velisavljevic, N (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM ykvohra@uab.edu RI Weir, Samuel/H-5046-2012 NR 17 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 6 BP 927 EP 929 DI 10.1063/1.1645986 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 771AR UT WOS:000188763800031 ER PT J AU Lereu, AL Passian, A Warmack, RJ Ferrell, TL Thundat, T AF Lereu, AL Passian, A Warmack, RJ Ferrell, TL Thundat, T TI Effect of thermal variations on the Knudsen forces in the transitional regime SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MICROCANTILEVERS; VACUUM AB When objects are maintained at different temperatures and separated by distances of the order of the mean free path of the surrounding host gas molecules, gas kinetic forces called Knudsen forces may be involved. The understanding of this effect may result in some improvements in microelectromechanical devices and measurement systems. We present the thermal dependence of these forces in the transitional regime for different gases. In this mode, the Knudsen effect can be significant and, therefore, become a problem in microscale devices. For this study, a silicon microcantilever, mounted close to a substrate, is used and changes in temperature are observed by measuring bending of the microcantilever. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Bourgogne, Dept Phys, F-21011 Dijon, France. RP Passian, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM passianan@ornl.gov RI Lereu, Aude/P-6414-2016 OI Lereu, Aude/0000-0001-7390-7832 NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 6 BP 1013 EP 1015 DI 10.1063/1.1644916 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 771AR UT WOS:000188763800060 ER PT J AU Dang, LX Garrett, BC AF Dang, LX Garrett, BC TI Molecular mechanism of water and ammonia uptake by the liquid/vapor interface of water SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR INTERFACE; DYNAMICS; ADSORPTION; SOLVATION; ETHANOL AB Constrained molecular dynamics techniques were used to investigate the mechanism of the transfer of water and ammonia molecules across the liquid/vapor interface of water. The computed potentials of mean force were nearly constant when the solute was more than several angstrom from the Gibbs dividing surface and decreased with no substantial minimum free energy as they crossed the liquid/vapor interface. The computed solvation free energy for water, estimated from the potential of mean force, was in excellent agreement with the experimental measurement while the corresponding computed solvation free energy for the ammonia molecule somewhat over estimated the experimental value. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dang, LX (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 999,K1-83, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM liem.dang@pnl.gov; bruce.garrett@pnl.gov RI Garrett, Bruce/F-8516-2011 NR 16 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 385 IS 3-4 BP 309 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.12.088 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 771UL UT WOS:000188804400029 ER PT J AU Fletcher, DE Dakin, EE Porter, BA Avise, JC AF Fletcher, DE Dakin, EE Porter, BA Avise, JC TI Spawning behavior and genetic parentage in the pirate perch (Aphredoderus sayanus), a fish with an enigmatic reproductive morphology SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID NEST ASSOCIATION; PATTERNS; SHINERS; STREAMS; LARVAE AB We describe for the first time reproductive behaviors in the Pirate Perch (Aphredoderus sayanus), a secretive nocturnal fish whose urogenital opening is positioned far anteriorally, under its throat. Some naturalists had speculated that this peculiar morphological condition might serve to promote egg transfer to the fish's branchial chamber for gill-brooding; others hypothesized that Pirate Perch spawn in the substrate of streams but offered no adaptive rationale for the odd placement of the fish's urogenital pore. Here we solve the conundrum through a combination of intensive field investigations, underwater filming, and molecular parentage analyses. We show that Pirate Perch spawn in underwater root masses, the first documentation of such nesting behavior in any species of North American fish. Female Pirate Perch thrust their heads and release their eggs into sheltered canals of these masses. Males congregate at these sites and likewise enter the narrow canals headfirst, to release sperm. Thus, the forward-shifted urogenital pore may facilitate spawning under this special nesting circumstance. We found no evidence of extended parental care. Fish formed their own canals or used burrows made by aquatic macro-invertebrates and salamanders. Genetic analyses based on three polymorphic microsatellite loci demonstrate that a total of at least five to 11 sires and darns were the parents of embryos within each of three assayed root-mass nests (of a total of 23 nests found). Males defended the oviposition sites by body-plugging canal entrances after spawning. This and more direct aggressive behaviors by males probably relate to selection pressures imposed by intense competition for fertilization success under these group-spawning conditions. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Fletcher, DE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM fletcher@srel.cdu NR 44 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD FEB 9 PY 2004 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 774LX UT WOS:000188981900001 ER PT J AU Dorcas, ME Hopkins, WA Roe, JH AF Dorcas, ME Hopkins, WA Roe, JH TI Effects of body mass and temperature on standard metabolic rate in the eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus) SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID MOTTLED ROCK RATTLESNAKES; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; 2 POPULATIONS; GARTER SNAKE; LEPIDUS; DIGESTION; SELECTION; SIZE; MEAL AB Determining the consequences of body size and body temperature (T-b) variation is critical to understanding many aspects of snake ecology, because size and temperature play such important roles in the biology of ectotherms. Here, we investigate the effects of body size and temperature variation on the energetics of the largest species of rattlesnake, the Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus). specifically, we measured oxygen consumption to estimate the standard metabolic rate (SMR) of five C. adamanteus (mass range 800-4980 g) at 5-degree increments from 5-35 C. A multiple regression model indicated that SMR increased with body size and temperature. Q(10)s were generally high (range 1.82-4.20) compared to other squamates but were similar to the high values calculated for other large rattlesnakes. An energy balance model for C. adamanteus predicted that as T-b increases, so must prey consumption to meet annual SMR energy demands. Thus, T-b variation likely affects patterns of energy acquisition and use and, in turn, influences processes such as growth and reproduction. C1 Davidson Coll, Dept Biol, Davidson, NC 28035 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. RP Dorcas, ME (reprint author), Davidson Coll, Dept Biol, Davidson, NC 28035 USA. EM midorcas@davidson.edu; hopkins@srel.edu; roe@srel.edu NR 38 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 9 U2 46 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS PI CHARLESTON PA UNIV CHARLESTON, GRICE MARINE LABORATORY, 205 FORT JOHNSON RD, CHARLESTON, SC 29412 USA SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD FEB 9 PY 2004 IS 1 BP 145 EP 151 DI 10.1643/CP-03-074R1 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 774LX UT WOS:000188981900019 ER PT J AU Liang, BY Andrews, L Li, J Bursten, BE AF Liang, BY Andrews, L Li, J Bursten, BE TI On the noble-gas-induced intersystem crossing for the CUO molecule: Experimental and theoretical investigations of CUO(Ng)(n) (Ng = Ar, Kr, Xe; n=1, 2, 3, 4) complexes in solid neon SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-ADJUSTED PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; METAL-CARBONYL-COMPLEXES; INFRARED-SPECTRA; ACTINIDE COMPOUNDS; MICROWAVE-SPECTRA; VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCIES; CHEMICAL-BONDS; GROUND-STATE; ATOMS; CLUSTERS AB Uranium atoms excited by laser ablation react with CO in excess neon to produce the novel CUO molecule, which forms distinct Ng complexes (Ng = Ar, Kr, Xe) when the heavier noble gases are added. The CUO(Ng) complexes are identified through CO isotopic and Ng substitution on the neon matrix infrared spectra and by comparison to DFT frequency calculations. The U-C and U-O stretching frequencies of CUO(Ng) complexes are slightly red-shifted from frequencies for the (1)Sigma(+) CUO ground state, which identifies singlet ground state CUO(Ng) complexes. In solid neon the CUO molecule is also a complex CUO(Ne)n, and the CUO(Ne)(n-1)(Ng) complexes are likewise specified. The next singlet CUO(Ne)(x)(Ng)(2) Complexes in excess neon follow in like manner. However, the higher CUO(Ne)(x)(Ng)(n) complex (n = 3, 4) stretching modes approach pure argon matrix CUO(Ar)(n) values and isotopic behavior, which are characterized as triplet ground state complexes by DFT frequency calculations. This work suggests that the singlet-triplet crossing occurs with 3 Ar, 3 Kr, or 4 Xe and a balance of Ne atoms coordinated to CUO in the neon matrix host. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Andrews, L (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM lsa@virginia.edu; bursten@chemistry.ohio-state.edu RI Li, Jun/E-5334-2011 OI Li, Jun/0000-0002-8456-3980 NR 33 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 3 BP 882 EP 894 DI 10.1021/ic035206q PG 13 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 774GY UT WOS:000188972500010 PM 14753808 ER PT J AU Almond, PM Sykora, RE Skanthakumar, S Soderholm, L Albrecht-Schmitt, TE AF Almond, PM Sykora, RE Skanthakumar, S Soderholm, L Albrecht-Schmitt, TE TI Hydrothermal synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties of the mixed-valent Np(IV)/Np(V) selenite Np(NPO2)(2)(SeO3)(3) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CATION-CATION COMPLEXES; AQUEOUS PERCHLORATE SOLUTIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PENTAVALENT ACTINIDES; NEPTUNYL(V) COMPOUNDS; NEPTUNIUM; NPO2; EQUILIBRIA; PARAMETERS; CHEMISTRY AB The,reaction of NpO2 with SeO2 in the presence of CsCl at 180 degreesC results in the formation of Np(NpO2)(2)(SeO3)(3) (1). The structure of 1 consists of three crystallographically unique Np centers with three different coordination environments in two different oxidation states. Np(1) is found in a neptunyl(V), O=Np=O+, unit that is further ligated in the equatorial plane by three chelating SeO32- anions to create a hexagonal bipyramidal NpO8 unit. A second neptunyl(V) cation also occurs for Np(2); it is bound by four bridging selenite anions and by the oxo atom from the Np(1) neptunyl cation to form a pentagonal bipyramidal, NpO7, unit. The third neptunium center, Np(3), which contains Np(IV), is found in a distorted NpO8 dodecahedron. Np(3) is bound by five bridging selenite anions and by three neptunyl units via cation-cation interactions. The NpO7 pentagonal bipyramids and NpO8 hexagonal bipyramids share both corners and edges. Both of these polyhedra share corners via cation-cation interactions with the NpO8 dodecahedra creating a three-dimensional structure with small channels that house the stereochemically active lone pair of electrons on the selenite anions. Magnetic susceptibility data follow Curie-Weiss behavior over the entire temperature range measured (5 less than or equal to T less than or equal to 320 K). The effective moment, mu(eff) = 2.28 mu(B), which represents an average over the three crystallographically inequivalent Np atoms, is within the expected range of values. There is no evidence of long-range ordering of the Np moments at temperatures down to 5 K, consistent with the negligible Weiss constant determined from fitting the susceptibility data. Crystallographic data: 1, orthorhombic, space group Pbca, a = 10.6216(5), b = 11.9695(6), and c = 17.8084(8) Angstrom and Z = 8 (T = 193 K). C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Chem, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Auburn Univ, Leach Nucl Sci Ctr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Albrecht-Schmitt, TE (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Chem, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM albreth@auburn.edu NR 44 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 3 BP 958 EP 963 DI 10.1021/ic035241x PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 774GY UT WOS:000188972500018 PM 14753816 ER PT J AU Giesbrecht, GR Gordon, JC Clark, DL Scott, BL AF Giesbrecht, GR Gordon, JC Clark, DL Scott, BL TI Auto-ionization in lutetium iodide complexes: Effect of the ionic radius on lanthanide-iodide binding SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; ORGANOLANTHANIDE CHEMISTRY; YTTERBIUM; DERIVATIVES; REACTIVITY; SAMARIUM; YTTRIUM; METALLOCENE; PRECURSORS AB reaction of lutetium metal with 1.5 equiv of elemental iodine in 2-propanol leads to the isolation of Lul(3)((HOPr)-Pr-i)(4) (1). An X-ray crystal structure reveals an ionic structure with well-separated [Lul(2)((HOPr)-Pr-i)(4)] cations and [I] anions. Dissolution of 1 in pyridine generates the unusual alkoxide species [Lul((OPr)-Pr-i)(py)(5)][I] (2) with the elimination of HI. An X-ray crystal structure of 2 confirmed the ionic nature of the compound, with the cationic portion of the complex exhibiting a seven-coordinated lutetium center with trans-disposed iodo and alkoxide ligands and five pyridine molecules equally displaced within the equatorial plane. Exposure of 2 to iodotrimethylsilane yields the expected triiodide species [Lul(2)(py)(5)][I] (3), which may also be prepared by refluxing commercially available Lul(3) in THF, followed by crystallization from a THF/pyridine mixture. The solid-state structure of 3 is similar to that of 2, with the alkoxide ligand having been replaced by an iodide. The formation of ionic structures 1-3 as opposed to the higher-coordinated neutral species may be traced to the small lutetium center and the presence of relatively strong Lewis bases within the coordination sphere of the metal. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst Transactinium Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gordon, JC (reprint author), US DOE, Off Basic Energy Sci, Catalysis & Chem Transformat Program, SC-14,1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM John.Gordon@science.doe.gov RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 40 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1065 EP 1070 DI 10.1021/ic035090y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 774GY UT WOS:000188972500031 PM 14753829 ER PT J AU Mitchell, K Huang, FQ Caspi, EN McFarland, AD Haynes, CL Somers, RC Jorgensen, JD Van Duyne, RP Ibers, JA AF Mitchell, K Huang, FQ Caspi, EN McFarland, AD Haynes, CL Somers, RC Jorgensen, JD Van Duyne, RP Ibers, JA TI Syntheses, structure, and selected physical properties of CsLnMnSe(3) (Ln = Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Y) and AYbZnQ(3) (A = Rb, Cs; Q = S, Se, Te) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID QUATERNARY MANGANESE SULFIDES; = RARE-EARTH; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; BALN(2)MNS(5) LN; CHALCOGENIDES; METAL; PR; SELENIDES; CE AB CsLnMnSe(3) (Ln = Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Y) and AYbZnQ(3) (A = Rb, Cs; Q = S, Se, Te) have been synthesized from solid-state reactions at temperatures in excess 1173 K. These isostructural materials crystallize in the layered KZrCuS3 structure type in the orthorhombic space group Cmcm. The structure is composed of LnQ(6) octahedra and MQ(4) tetrahedra that share edges to form (2)(infinity)[LnMQ(3)] layers. These layers stack perpendicular to [010] and are separated by layers of face- and edge-sharing AQ(8) bicapped trigonal prisms. There are no Q-Q bonds in the structure of the ALnMQ(3) compounds so the formal oxidation states of A/Ln/M/Q are 1+/3+/2+/2-. The CsLnMnSe(3) materials, with the exception of CsYbMnSe3, are Curie-Weiss paramagnets between 5 and 300 K. The magnetic susceptibility data for CsYbZnS3, RbYbZnSe3, and CsYbMSe3 (M = Mn, Zn) show a weak cusp at approximately 10 K and pronounced differences between field-cooled and zero-field-cooled data. However, CsYbZnSe3 is not an antiferromagnet because a neutron diffraction study indicates that CsYbZnSe3 shows neither long-range magnetic ordering nor a phase change between 4 and 295 K. Nor is the compound a spin glass because the transition at 10 K does not depend on ac frequency. The optical band gaps of the (010) and (001) crystal faces for CsYbMnSe3 are 1.60 and 1.59 eV, respectively; the optical band of the (010) crystal faces for CsYbZnS3 and RbYbZnSe3 are 2.61 and 2.07 eV, respectively. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ibers, JA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM ibers@chem.northwestern.edu RI Haynes, Christy/F-6217-2010; OI Haynes, Christy/0000-0002-5420-5867 NR 56 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1082 EP 1089 DI 10.1021/ic030232+ PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 774GY UT WOS:000188972500033 PM 14753831 ER PT J AU Lalrempuia, R Yennawar, H Mozharivskyj, YA Kollipara, MR AF Lalrempuia, R Yennawar, H Mozharivskyj, YA Kollipara, MR TI Synthesis, characterization and molecular structures of allenylidene, vinylidene-alkylidene complexes containing [CpOs(PPh3)(2)](+) fragment SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE osmium; allenylidene; vinylidene; alkynols; cyclopentadienyl ID CYCLOPENTADIENYL-OSMIUM CHEMISTRY; RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; X-RAY; CARBENE-COMPLEXES; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; METAL-COMPLEXES; RUTHENIUM; REACTIVITY; OS; DERIVATIVES AB The reaction of [CpOs(PPh3)(2)Br] with diphenylpropargylic alcohol HCdropCCPh(2)(OH) in the presence of ammonium hexafluorophosphate leads to the formation of cationic osmiumallenylidene complex [CpOs(=C=C=CPh2)(PPh3)(2)][PF6] (1), but when the dimethylpropargylic alcohol HCdropCCMe(2)(OH) was used as a substrate, a dicationic diosmium vinylidene-alkylidene complex of the formula [(CpOs)(2)(mu-C10H12)(PPh3)(4)][PF6](2) (2) was obtained. The structures of these complexes have been determined by X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 13.4083(6) Angstrom, b = 19.5700(9) Angstrom, c = 20.3806(9) Angstrom and beta=100.3620(10)degrees. Complex 2 crystallizes in triclinic space group P (1) over bar with a = 13.0396(11) Angstrom, b = 15.2420(13) Angstrom, c = 21.6406(19) Angstrom and alpha = 72.5290(10)degrees, beta = 75.1960(10)degrees, gamma = 85.6360(10)degrees. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 NE Hill Univ, Dept Chem, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India. Penn State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kollipara, MR (reprint author), NE Hill Univ, Dept Chem, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India. EM kmrao@nehu.ac.in OI Lalrempuia, Ralte/0000-0001-9613-0974 NR 53 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 689 IS 3 BP 539 EP 543 DI 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.11.004 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 773LV UT WOS:000188926000006 ER PT J AU Nanal, V Khoo, TL Hofman, DJ Back, BB Carpenter, MP Dioszegi, I Eisenman, K Halbert, ML Heckman, P Heinz, AM Henderson, D Jenkins, D Kelly, MP Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ McClintock, B Mitsuoka, S Pennington, T Seitz, J Siemssen, RH Thoennessen, M van Swol, RJ Varner, RL Wilt, P Alhassid, Y AF Nanal, V Khoo, TL Hofman, DJ Back, BB Carpenter, MP Dioszegi, I Eisenman, K Halbert, ML Heckman, P Heinz, AM Henderson, D Jenkins, D Kelly, MP Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ McClintock, B Mitsuoka, S Pennington, T Seitz, J Siemssen, RH Thoennessen, M van Swol, RJ Varner, RL Wilt, P Alhassid, Y TI Highly selective studies of GDR in Er-164 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Collective Motion in Nuclei under Extreme Conditions (COMEX 1) CY JUN 10-13, 2003 CL PARIS, FRANCE ID EXCITATION-ENERGY; GIANT-RESONANCES; EXCITED NUCLEI; ISOTOPES; WIDTH AB Exclusive measurements of high energy gamma-rays in the decay of 114 Er, formed in the reaction 40Ar+ 124 Sn, have been performed to study angular momentum dependence of the giant dipole resonance (GDR) strength function. The gamma-ray spectra were measured in coincidence with A=160 evaporation residues (4n channel) at E-beam = 163 MeV and 187 MeV. A statistical model analysis, incorporating a two-component GDR strength function, shows increase in the GDR width as the average spin of the compound nucleus increases from 26 h (at 163 MeV) to 54 h (at 187 MeV). This is consistent with the predictions of a thermal shape fluctuation model. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Michigan State Univ, NSCL, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Nanal, V (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM nanal@tifr.res.in; seitz@nscl.msu.edu RI Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 731 BP 153 EP 159 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.028 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 778QV UT WOS:000189253000017 ER PT J AU Zelevinsky, V Volya, A AF Zelevinsky, V Volya, A TI Pairing correlations in nuclei: old knowledge and new ideas SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Collective Motion in Nuclei under Extreme Conditions (COMEX 1) CY JUN 10-13, 2003 CL PARIS, FRANCE ID UNSTABLE QUANTUM STATES; ENERGY EIGENVALUES; UNBOUND LEVELS; SHELL-MODEL; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB We present a limited overview of recently suggested ideas for the description of pairing correlations in nuclei. Exact solution for the pairing problem and based on that new theoretical approximations, phase transition to the paired state, "pair-vibrational" excitations, role of incoherent residual interactions, pairing in the continuum, and other related subjects are discussed. C1 Michigan State Univ, Natl Supercond Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zelevinsky, V (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Natl Supercond Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Volya, Alexander/I-9457-2012 OI Volya, Alexander/0000-0002-1765-6466 NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 731 BP 299 EP 310 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.041 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 778QV UT WOS:000189253000031 ER PT J AU Belic, A Dean, DJ Hjorth-Jensen, M AF Belic, A Dean, DJ Hjorth-Jensen, M TI Pairing correlations and transitions in nuclear systems SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Collective Motion in Nuclei under Extreme Conditions (COMEX 1) CY JUN 10-13, 2003 CL PARIS, FRANCE ID NEGATIVE HEAT-CAPACITY; GAS PHASE-TRANSITION; NEUTRON MATTER; SHELL-MODEL; LEVEL DENSITY; THERMODYNAMICAL PROPERTIES; SUPERFLUIDITY; STARS; FLUCTUATIONS; ENSEMBLE AB We discuss several pairing-related phenomena in nuclear systems, ranging from superfluidity in neutron stars to the gradual breaking of pairs in finite nuclei. We describe recent experimental evidence that points to a relation between pairing and phase transitions (or transformations) in finite nuclear systems. A simple pairing interaction model is used in order to study and classify an eventual pairing phase transition in finite fermionic systems such as nuclei. We show that systems with as few as similar to 10 - 16 fermions can exhibit clear features reminiscent of a phase transition. C1 Inst Phys, YU-11001 Belgrade, Serbia Monteneg. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Univ Oslo, Ctr Math Applicat, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. RP Belic, A (reprint author), Inst Phys, POB 57, YU-11001 Belgrade, Serbia Monteneg. RI Hjorth-Jensen, Morten/B-1417-2008; OI Dean, David/0000-0002-5688-703X NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 9 PY 2004 VL 731 BP 381 EP 391 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.050 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 778QV UT WOS:000189253000039 ER PT J AU Prall, BS Parkinson, DY Fleming, GR Yang, M Ishikawa, N AF Prall, BS Parkinson, DY Fleming, GR Yang, M Ishikawa, N TI Two-dimensional optical spectroscopy: Two-color photon echoes of electronically coupled phthalocyanine dimers SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PEAK SHIFT; IR SPECTROSCOPY; DOUBLE-DECKER; COMPLEXES; EXCITATIONS; DYNAMICS AB Two-color photon echo peak shift spectroscopy was used to study electronic coupling in a phthalocyanine homodimer. Two optical parametric amplifiers were used to produce pulses to excite the split lower states of LuPc2-. The existence of a two-color peak shift indicates the existence of correlation between these two dipole-allowed states. The nature of this correlation is discussed based on theoretical predictions of the interactions between exciton and charge resonance states. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. Chungbuk Natl Univ, Inst Basic Sci Res, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. RP Prall, BS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Parkinson, Dilworth/A-2974-2015; OI Parkinson, Dilworth/0000-0002-1817-0716; Yang, Mino/0000-0001-9504-0280 NR 28 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 6 BP 2537 EP 2540 DI 10.1063/1.1644794 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 773CQ UT WOS:000188880500001 PM 15268397 ER PT J AU Hirata, S Podeszwa, R Tobita, M Bartlett, RJ AF Hirata, S Podeszwa, R Tobita, M Bartlett, RJ TI Coupled-cluster singles and doubles for extended systems SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BODY PERTURBATION-THEORY; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ELECTRONIC EXCITED-STATES; INFINITE PERIODIC-SYSTEMS; FAST MULTIPOLE METHOD; HARTREE-FOCK THEORY; STEREOREGULAR POLYMERS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; DYNAMIC POLARIZABILITIES; LATTICE SUMMATIONS AB Coupled-cluster theory with connected single and double excitation operators (CCSD) and related approximations, such as linearized CCSD, quadratic configuration interaction with single and double excitation operators, coupled-cluster with connected double excitation operator (CCD), linearized CCD, approximate CCD, and second- and third-order many-body perturbation theories, are formulated and implemented for infinitely extended one-dimensional systems (polymers), on the basis of the periodic boundary conditions and distance-based screening of integrals, density matrix elements, and excitation amplitudes. The variation of correlation energies with the truncation radii of short- and long-range lattice sums and with the number of wave vector sampling points in the first Brillouin zone is examined for polyethylene, polyacetylene, and polyyne, and is shown to be a function of the degree of pi-electron conjugation or the fundamental band gaps. The t(2) and t(1) amplitudes in the atomic orbital (AO) basis are obtained by first computing the t amplitudes in the Bloch-orbital basis and subsequently back-transforming them into the AO basis. The plot of these AO-based t amplitudes as a function of unit cells also indicates that the t(2) amplitudes of polyacetylene and polyyne exhibit appreciably slower decay than those of polyethylene, although the asymptotic decay behavior is invariably 1/r(3). The AO-based t(1) amplitudes appear to correlate strongly with the electronic structure, and they decay seemingly exponentially for polyethylene whereas they stay at a constant magnitude across the seventh nearest neighbors of polyacetylene and polyyne, which attests to far reaching effects of nondynamical electron correlation mediated by orbital rotation. Nonetheless, the unit cell contributions to the correlation energies taper below 10(-6) hartree after 15 A for all three polymers. The basis set dependence of the decay behavior of t(2) amplitudes is also examined for linear hydrogen fluoride polymer (HF)(infinity) and linear beryllium polymer (Be)(infinity) employing the STO-3G, 6-31G, and 6-31G(*) basis sets, and proves to be rather small. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Hirata, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM so.hirata@pnl.gov RI Bartlett, Rodney/F-6781-2011 OI Bartlett, Rodney/0000-0003-3865-9639 NR 73 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 6 BP 2581 EP 2592 DI 10.1063/1.1637577 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 773CQ UT WOS:000188880500006 PM 15268402 ER PT J AU Lu, WC Wang, CZ Schmidt, MW Bytautas, L Ho, KM Ruedenberg, K AF Lu, WC Wang, CZ Schmidt, MW Bytautas, L Ho, KM Ruedenberg, K TI Molecule intrinsic minimal basis sets. I. Exact resolution of ab initio optimized molecular orbitals in terms of deformed atomic minimal-basis orbitals SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC POPULATION ANALYSIS; SPACE SCF METHOD; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; OCCUPATION NUMBERS; BOND ORDERS; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; LCAO; WAVEFUNCTIONS; ETHYLENE; ENERGIES AB A method is presented for expressing the occupied self-consistent-field (SCF) orbitals of a molecule exactly in terms of chemically deformed atomic minimal-basis-set orbitals that deviate as little as possible from free-atom SCF minimal-basis orbitals. The molecular orbitals referred to are the exact SCF orbitals, the free-atom orbitals referred to are the exact atomic SCF orbitals, and the formulation of the deformed "quasiatomic minimal-basis-sets" is independent of the calculational atomic orbital basis used. The resulting resolution of molecular orbitals in terms of quasiatomic minimal basis set orbitals is therefore intrinsic to the exact molecular wave functions. The deformations are analyzed in terms of interatomic contributions. The Mulliken population analysis is formulated in terms of the quasiatomic minimal-basis orbitals. In the virtual SCF orbital space the method leads to a quantitative ab initio formulation of the qualitative model of virtual valence orbitals, which are useful for calculating electron correlation and the interpretation of reactions. The method is applicable to Kohn-Sham density functional theory orbitals and is easily generalized to valence MCSCF orbitals. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM ruedenberg@iastate.edu NR 58 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 6 BP 2629 EP 2637 DI 10.1063/1.1638731 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 773CQ UT WOS:000188880500010 PM 15268406 ER PT J AU Lu, WC Wang, CZ Schmidt, MW Bytautas, L Ho, KM Ruedenberg, K AF Lu, WC Wang, CZ Schmidt, MW Bytautas, L Ho, KM Ruedenberg, K TI Molecule intrinsic minimal basis sets. II. Bonding analyses for Si4H6 and Si-2 to Si-10 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SMALL SILICON CLUSTERS; ELECTRONIC WAVEFUNCTIONS; STRETCH ISOMERISM; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; STRAINED SILICON; FORS MODEL; ORBITALS; ETHYLENE; GEOMETRIES; EXCHANGE AB The method, introduced in the preceding paper, for recasting molecular self-consistent field (SCF) or density functional theory (DFT) orbitals in terms of intrinsic minimal bases of quasiatomic orbitals, which differ only little from the optimal free-atom minimal-basis orbitals, is used to elucidate the bonding in several silicon clusters. The applications show that the quasiatomic orbitals deviate from the minimal-basis SCF orbitals of the free atoms by only very small deformations and that the latter arise mainly from bonded neighbor atoms. The Mulliken population analysis in terms of the quasiatomic minimal-basis orbitals leads to a quantum mechanical interpretation of small-ring strain in terms of antibonding encroachments of localized molecular-orbitals and identifies the origin of the bond-stretch isomerization in Si4H6. In the virtual SCF/DFT orbital space, the method places the qualitative notion of virtual valence orbitals on a firm basis and provides an unambiguous ab initio identification of the frontier orbitals. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lu, WC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM ruedenberg@iastate.edu NR 31 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 6 BP 2638 EP 2651 DI 10.1063/1.1638732 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 773CQ UT WOS:000188880500011 PM 15268407 ER PT J AU Bell, P Aguirre, F Grant, ER Pratt, ST AF Bell, P Aguirre, F Grant, ER Pratt, ST TI Mode dependent vibrational autoionization of Rydberg states of NO2. II. Comparing the symmetric stretching and bending vibrations SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; HIGHER EXCITED-STATES; JET-COOLED ANILINE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; THRESHOLD PHOTOIONIZATION; BRANCHING RATIOS; FERMI RESONANCE; HIGH-RESOLUTION; H-2; IONIZATION AB Triple-resonance excitation and high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy are combined to characterize the mode selectivity of vibrational autoionization of the high Rydberg states of NO2. Photoelectron spectra and vibrational branching fractions are reported for autoionizing Rydberg states converging to the NO2+ X (1)Sigma(g)(+)(110) state, that is, with one quantum in the symmetric stretch, nu(1), and one quantum in the bending vibration, nu(2). These results indicate that autoionization proceeds most efficiently through the loss of one quantum from the symmetric stretch rather than from the bending vibration. The implications of this result are discussed in terms of the autoionization mechanism. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Bell, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM stpratt@anl.gov NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 6 BP 2667 EP 2676 DI 10.1063/1.1638379 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 773CQ UT WOS:000188880500014 PM 15268410 ER PT J AU Hager, JS Zahardis, J Pagni, RM Compton, RN Li, J AF Hager, JS Zahardis, J Pagni, RM Compton, RN Li, J TI Raman under nitrogen. The high-resolution Raman spectroscopy of crystalline uranocene, thorocene, and ferrocene SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; SANDWICH COMPLEXES; RUTHENOCENE; CHEMISTRY; ELEMENTS; ENERGY AB The utility of recording Raman spectroscopy under liquid nitrogen, a technique we call Raman under nitrogen (RUN), is demonstrated for ferrocene, uranocene, and thorocene. Using RUN, low-temperature (liquid nitrogen cooled) Raman spectra for these compounds exhibit higher resolution than previous studies, and new vibrational features are reported. The first Raman spectra of crystalline uranocene at 77 K are reported using excitation from argon (5145 Angstrom) and krypton (6764 Angstrom) ion lasers. The spectra obtained showed bands corresponding to vibrational transitions at 212, 236, 259, 379, 753, 897, 1500, and 3042 cm(-1), assigned to ring-metal-ring stretching, ring-metal tilting, out-of-plane CCC bending, in-plane CCC bending, ring-breathing, C-H bending, CC stretching and CH stretching, respectively. The assigned vibrational bands are compared to those of uranocene in THF, (COT)(2-), and thorocene. All vibrational frequencies of the ligands, except the 259 cm(-1) out-of-plane CCC bending mode, were found to increase upon coordination. A broad, polarizable band centered about similar to460 cm(-1) was also observed. The 460 cm(-1) band is greatly enhanced relative to the vibrational Raman transitions with excitations from the krypton ion laser, which is indicative of an electronic resonance Raman process as has been shown previously. The electronic resonance Raman band is observed to split into three distinct bands at 450, 461, and 474 cm-1 with 6764 Angstrom excitation. Relativistic density functional theory is used to provide theoretical interpretations of the measured spectra. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hager, JS (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM rcompton@utk.edu; jun.Li@pnl.gov RI Li, Jun/E-5334-2011 OI Li, Jun/0000-0002-8456-3980 NR 43 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 6 BP 2708 EP 2718 DI 10.1063/1.1637586 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 773CQ UT WOS:000188880500019 PM 15268415 ER PT J AU Tsige, M Grest, GS AF Tsige, M Grest, GS TI Molecular dynamics simulation of solvent-polymer interdiffusion: Fickian diffusion SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISSIPATIVE PARTICLE DYNAMICS; CASE-II DIFFUSION; PENETRANT DIFFUSION; AMORPHOUS POLYMERS; GAS-TRANSPORT; MONTE-CARLO; COEFFICIENTS; MEMBRANE; SYSTEMS; MODEL AB The interdiffusion of a solvent into a polymer melt has been studied using large scale molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation techniques. The solvent concentration profile and weight gain by the polymer have been measured as a function of time. The weight gain is found to scale as t(1/2), which is expected for Fickian diffusion. The concentration profiles are fit very well assuming Fick's second law with a constant diffusivity. The diffusivity found from fitting Fick's second law is found to be independent of time and equal to the self-diffusion constant in the dilute solvent limit. We separately calculated the diffusivity as a function of concentration using the Darken equation and found that the diffusivity is essentially constant for the concentration range relevant for interdiffusion. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tsige, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mtsige@sandia.gov; gsgrest@sandia.gov NR 54 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 6 BP 2989 EP 2995 DI 10.1063/1.1640347 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 773CQ UT WOS:000188880500050 PM 15268446 ER PT J AU Zaika, EI Perlow, RA Matz, E Broyde, S Gilboa, R Grollman, AP Zharkov, DO AF Zaika, EI Perlow, RA Matz, E Broyde, S Gilboa, R Grollman, AP Zharkov, DO TI Substrate discrimination by formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase - A mutational analysis SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COLI ENDONUCLEASE-VIII; OXIDATIVELY DAMAGED DNA; DIFFUSION-DRIVEN MECHANISMS; REPRESSOR-OPERATOR INTERACTION; APURINIC APYRIMIDINIC SITES; BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FPG PROTEIN; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE AB Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg) is a primary participant in the repair of 8-oxoguanine, an abundant oxidative DNA lesion. Although the structure of Fpg has been established, amino acid residues that define damage recognition have not been identified. We have combined molecular dynamics and bioinformatics approaches to address this issue. Site-specific mutagenesis coupled with enzyme kinetics was used to test our predictions. On the basis of molecular dynamics simulations, Lys-217 was predicted to interact with the O(8) of extrahelical 8-oxoguanine accommodated in the binding pocket. Consistent with our computational studies, mutation of Lys-217 selectively reduced the ability of Fpg to excise 8-oxoguanine from DNA. Dihydrouracil, also a substrate for Fpg, served as a nonspecific control. Other residues involved in damage recognition (His-89, Arg-108, and Arg-109) were identified by combined conservation/structure analysis. Arg-108, which forms two hydrogen bonds with cytosine in Fpg-DNA, is a major determinant of opposite-base specificity. Mutation of this residue reduced excision of 8-oxoguanine from thermally unstable mispairs with guanine or thymine, while excision from the stable cytosine and adenine base pairs was less affected. Mutation of His-89 selectively diminished the rate of excision of 8-oxoguanine, whereas mutation of Arg-109 nearly abolished binding of Fpg to damaged DNA. Taken together, these results suggest that His-89 and Arg-109 form part of a reading head, a structural feature used by the enzyme to scan DNA for damage. His-89 and Lys-217 help determine the specificity of Fpg in recognizing the oxidatively damaged base, while Arg-108 provides specificity for bases positioned opposite the lesion. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Pharmacol Sci, Biol Chem Lab, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NYU, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Inorgan Chem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Russian Acad Sci, SB, Inst Chem Biol & Fundamental Med, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Zharkov, DO (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Pharmacol Sci, Biol Chem Lab, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM dzharkov@niboch.nsc.ru RI Zharkov, Dmitry/K-2158-2012 OI Zharkov, Dmitry/0000-0001-5013-0194 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-17395] NR 92 TC 50 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 6 BP 4849 EP 4861 DI 10.1074/jbc.M310262200 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 768UW UT WOS:000188554300110 PM 14607836 ER PT J AU Lohkamp, B McDermott, G Campbell, SA Coggins, JR Lapthorn, AJ AF Lohkamp, B McDermott, G Campbell, SA Coggins, JR Lapthorn, AJ TI The structure of Escherichia coli ATP-phosphoribosyltransferase: Identification of substrate binding sites and mode of AMP inhibition SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ATP-phosphoribosyltransferase; histidine biosynthesis; crystal structure; PRPP binding; AMP inhibition ID ADENOSINE-TRIPHOSPHATE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; HISTIDINE BIOSYNTHESIS; 1ST ENZYME; QUATERNARY STRUCTURE; KINETIC-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SYNTHETASE; AGGREGATION; TRANSFERASE; REFINEMENT AB ATP-phosphoribosyltransferase (ATP-PRT), the first enzyme of the histidine pathway, is a complex allosterically regulated enzyme, which controls the flow of intermediates through this biosynthetic pathway. The crystal structures of Escherichia coli ATP-PRT have been solved in complex with the inhibitor AMP at 2.7 Angstrom and with product PR-ATP at 2.9 Angstrom (the ribosyl-triphosphate could not be resolved). On the basis of binding of AMP and PR-ATP and comparison with type I PRTs, the PRPP and parts of the ATP-binding site are identified. These structures clearly identify the AMP as binding in the 5-phosphoribosyl-alpha-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP)binding site, with the adenosine ring occupying the ATP-binding site. Comparison with the recently solved Mycobacterium tuberculosis ATP-PRT structures indicates that histidine is solely responsible for the large conformational changes observed between the hexameric forms of the enzyme. The role of oligomerisation in inhibition and the structural basis for the synergistic inhibition by histidine and AMP are discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, Inst Biomed & Life Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley Ctr Struct Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Strathclyde, Dept Immunol, Glasgow G4 0NR, Lanark, Scotland. RP Lapthorn, AJ (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Dept Chem, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, Inst Biomed & Life Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. EM adrian@chem.gla.ac.uk OI Lohkamp, Bernhard/0000-0002-5646-2090; Lapthorn, Adrian/0000-0002-2197-8134 NR 42 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 336 IS 1 BP 131 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.12.020 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 768QX UT WOS:000188587500011 PM 14741209 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Affolder, T Akimoto, H Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Bailey, S de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berryhill, J Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Blusk, SR Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Brandl, A Bromberg, C Brozovic, M Brubaker, E Bruner, N Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlson, J Carlsmith, D Caskey, W Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chan, AW Chang, PS Chang, PT Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Coca, M Colijn, AP Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S De Cecco, S DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Engels, E Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fan, Q Farrington, S Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fukui, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Gallas, A Gallinaro, M Gao, T Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gatti, P Gay, C Gerdes, DW Gerstein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, J Gomez, G Goncharov, M Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Green, C Gresele, A Grim, G Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Haas, RM Haber, C Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hall, C Handa, T Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Heiss, A Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hou, S Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Issever, C Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A Iwai, J Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jones, M Joshi, U Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karr, K Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kovacs, E Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lannon, K Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Le, Y Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, T Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lobban, O Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Manca, G Mariotti, M Martignon, G Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Moore, E Moore, R Morita, Y Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Napora, R Niell, F Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nigmanov, T Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Partos, D Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Pescara, L Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reher, D Reichold, A Renton, P Rescigno, M Ribon, A Riegler, W Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Ryan, D Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, H Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Snider, FD Snihur, R Solodsky, A Spalding, J Speer, T Spezziga, M Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallace, NB Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wenzel, H Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Wolter, M Worm, S Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyss, J Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yi, K Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Affolder, T Akimoto, H Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Bailey, S de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berryhill, J Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Blusk, SR Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Brandl, A Bromberg, C Brozovic, M Brubaker, E Bruner, N Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlson, J Carlsmith, D Caskey, W Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chan, AW Chang, PS Chang, PT Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Coca, M Colijn, AP Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S De Cecco, S DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Engels, E Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fan, Q Farrington, S Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fukui, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Gallas, A Gallinaro, M Gao, T Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gatti, P Gay, C Gerdes, DW Gerstein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, J Gomez, G Goncharov, M Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Green, C Gresele, A Grim, G Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Haas, RM Haber, C Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hall, C Handa, T Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Heiss, A Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hou, S Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Issever, C Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A Iwai, J Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jones, M Joshi, U Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karr, K Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kovacs, E Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lannon, K Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Le, Y Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, T Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lobban, O Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Manca, G Mariotti, M Martignon, G Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Moore, E Moore, R Morita, Y Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Napora, R Niell, F Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nigmanov, T Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Partos, D Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Pescara, L Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reher, D Reichold, A Renton, P Rescigno, M Ribon, A Riegler, W Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Ryan, D Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, H Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Snider, FD Snihur, R Solodsky, A Spalding, J Speer, T Spezziga, M Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallace, NB Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wenzel, H Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Wolter, M Worm, S Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyss, J Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yi, K Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Search for pair production of scalar top quarks in R-parity violating decay modes in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-S CALCULATION; HADRON COLLIDERS; (P)OVER-BAR-P COLLISIONS; ORDINARY ENERGIES; SUPERSYMMETRY; SUPERGRAVITY; CONSERVATION; BREAKING; PHYSICS; EVENTS AB We present the results of a search for pair production of scalar top quarks ((t) over tilde (1)) in an R-parity violating supersymmetry scenario in 106 pb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions at roots=1.8 TeV collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. In this mode each (t) over tilde (1) decays into a tau lepton and a b quark. We search for events with two tau's, one decaying leptonically (e or mu) and one decaying hadronically, and two jets. No candidate events pass our final selection criteria. We set a 95% confidence level lower limit on the (t) over tilde (1) mass at 122 GeV/c(2) for Br((t) over tilde (1)-->taub)=1. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza 1, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Toronto, Inst Particle Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Trieste Udine, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Acosta, D (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; vilar, rocio/P-8480-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014 OI Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; NR 35 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 5 AR 051803 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.051803 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 771KV UT WOS:000188785200011 PM 14995297 ER PT J AU Adams, J Adler, C Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bhardwaj, S Bhaskar, P Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, A Bravar, A Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Majumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faine, V Faivre, J Fatemi, R Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Foley, KJ Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Ganti, MS Gaudichet, L Germain, M Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grigoriev, V Gronstal, S Grosnick, D Guedon, M Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gushin, E Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Huang, HZ Huang, SL Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Jiang, H Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, Z Liu, QJ Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, J Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mangotra, LK Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mishra, D Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, DA Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rai, G Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, LJ Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schweda, K Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Singaraju, RN Simon, F Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, S Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Thein, D Thomas, JH Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Trivedi, MD Trofimov, V Tsai, O Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G VanderMolen, AM Vasiliev, AN Vasiliev, M Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Voloshin, SA Waggoner, W Wang, F Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Wells, R Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierczuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, J Zubarev, AN AF Adams, J Adler, C Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bhardwaj, S Bhaskar, P Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, A Bravar, A Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Majumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faine, V Faivre, J Fatemi, R Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Foley, KJ Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Ganti, MS Gaudichet, L Germain, M Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grigoriev, V Gronstal, S Grosnick, D Guedon, M Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gushin, E Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Huang, HZ Huang, SL Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Jiang, H Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, Z Liu, QJ Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, J Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mangotra, LK Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mishra, D Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, DA Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rai, G Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, LJ Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schweda, K Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Singaraju, RN Simon, F Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, S Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Thein, D Thomas, JH Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Trivedi, MD Trofimov, V Tsai, O Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G VanderMolen, AM Vasiliev, AN Vasiliev, M Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Voloshin, SA Waggoner, W Wang, F Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Wells, R Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierczuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, J Zubarev, AN CA STAR Collaboration TI Particle-type dependence of azimuthal anisotropy and nuclear modification of particle production in Au plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; ELLIPTIC FLOW; QCD; SIGNATURE; HADRONS AB We present STAR measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy parameter v(2) and the binary-collision scaled centrality ratio R-CP for kaons and lambdas (Lambda+(Lambda) over bar) at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at roots(NN)=200 GeV. In combination, the v(2) and R-CP particle-type dependencies contradict expectations from partonic energy loss followed by standard fragmentation in vacuum. We establish p(T)approximate to5 GeV/c as the value where the centrality dependent baryon enhancement ends. The K-S(0) and Lambda+(Lambda) over bar v(2) values are consistent with expectations of constituent-quark-number scaling from models of hadron formation by parton coalescence or recombination. C1 Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, Peoples R China. Acad Sinica, Shanghai Inst Nucl Res, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. HZNU, CCNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RI Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Johnson, Ian/I-2439-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Zborovsky, Imrich/G-7964-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Skoro, Goran/F-3642-2010; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Kisiel, Adam/O-8754-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nevski, Pavel/M-6292-2015; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013 OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Kisiel, Adam/0000-0001-8322-9510; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900 NR 35 TC 430 Z9 436 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 5 AR 052302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.052302 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 771KV UT WOS:000188785200014 PM 14995300 ER PT J AU Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Alexander, J Amirikas, R Aphecetche, L Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, R Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Constantin, P d'Enterria, DG David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Dietzsch, O Drapier, O Drees, A Drees, KA du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En'yo, H Esumi, S Ewell, L Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fung, SY Garpman, S Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hartouni, EP Harvey, M Hayano, R He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hill, JC Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Isenhower, D Ishihara, M Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, MJ Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, Y Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Marx, MD Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Messer, F Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nilsson, P Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, K Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, VS Papavassiliou, V Park, J Parmar, A Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Peng, JC Peresedov, V Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Plasil, F Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosnet, P Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, TL Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wang, XR Watanabe, Y White, SN Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zolin, L AF Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Alexander, J Amirikas, R Aphecetche, L Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, R Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Constantin, P d'Enterria, DG David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Dietzsch, O Drapier, O Drees, A Drees, KA du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En'yo, H Esumi, S Ewell, L Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fung, SY Garpman, S Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hartouni, EP Harvey, M Hayano, R He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hill, JC Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Isenhower, D Ishihara, M Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, MJ Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, Y Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Marx, MD Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Messer, F Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nilsson, P Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, K Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, VS Papavassiliou, V Park, J Parmar, A Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Peng, JC Peresedov, V Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Plasil, F Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosnet, P Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, TL Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wang, XR Watanabe, Y White, SN Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zolin, L CA PHENIX Collaboration TI J/psi production from proton-proton collisions at root s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ROOT S=1.8 TEV; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; HEAVY QUARKONIUM AB J/psi production has been measured in proton-proton collisions at roots=200 GeV over a wide rapidity and transverse momentum range by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Distributions of the rapidity and transverse momentum, along with measurements of the mean transverse momentum and total production cross section are presented and compared to available theoretical calculations. The total J/psi cross section is 4.0+/-0.6(stat)+/-0.6(syst)+/-0.4(abs) mub. The mean transverse momentum is 1.80+/-0.23(stat)+/-0.16(syst) GeV/c. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. CEA Saclay, Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Debrecen, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. KAERI, Cyclotron Applicat Lab, Seoul, South Korea. Kangnung Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest 114, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Russian Res Ctr, Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, LPC, CNRS, IN2P3, F-63177 Aubiere, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, IPN Orsay, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. St Petersburg State Tech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, Ecole Mines Nantes, SUBATECH, CNRS,IN2P3, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Adler, SS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM zajc@nevis.columbia.edu RI seto, richard/G-8467-2011; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017 OI Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; NR 28 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 6 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 5 AR 051802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.051802 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 771KV UT WOS:000188785200010 PM 14995296 ER PT J AU Anghel, M Toroczkai, Z Bassler, KE Korniss, G AF Anghel, M Toroczkai, Z Bassler, KE Korniss, G TI Competition-driven network dynamics: Emergence of a scale-free leadership structure and collective efficiency SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SMALL-WORLD; INFORMATION; COOPERATION; MARKETS; AGENTS; GAME AB Using the minority game as a model for competition dynamics, we investigate the effects of interagent communications across a network on the global evolution of the game. Agent communication across this network leads to the formation of an influence network, which is dynamically coupled to the evolution of the game, and it is responsible for the information flow driving the agents' actions. We show that the influence network spontaneously develops hubs with a broad distribution of in-degrees, defining a scale-free robust leadership structure. Furthermore, in realistic parameter ranges, facilitated by information exchange on the network, agents can generate a high degree of cooperation making the collective almost maximally efficient. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Complex Syst Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, MS B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM toro@lanl.gov RI Toroczkai, Zoltan/A-3421-2008; Korniss, Gyorgy/A-7360-2011 OI Toroczkai, Zoltan/0000-0002-6602-2849; NR 20 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 5 AR 058701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.058701 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 771KV UT WOS:000188785200062 PM 14995348 ER PT J AU Berman, PR Milonni, PW AF Berman, PR Milonni, PW TI Microscopic theory of modified spontaneous emission in a dielectric SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM OPTICS; DECAY; MEDIA AB The modification of the radiative decay rate of a source atom embedded in a uniform, isotropic dielectric is calculated to first order in the density of the dielectric atoms using a microscopic approach. In contrast to the recent results of Crenshaw and Bowden [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1851 (2000)], the decay rate is found to be consistent with macroscopic theories based on quantization of the field in the dielectric. C1 Univ Michigan, FOCUS Ctr, Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div TDOT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Berman, PR (reprint author), Univ Michigan, FOCUS Ctr, Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 14 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 5 AR 053601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.053601 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 771KV UT WOS:000188785200018 PM 14995304 ER PT J AU Borghesi, M Mackinnon, AJ Campbell, DH Hicks, DG Kar, S Patel, PK Price, D Romagnani, L Schiavi, A Willi, O AF Borghesi, M Mackinnon, AJ Campbell, DH Hicks, DG Kar, S Patel, PK Price, D Romagnani, L Schiavi, A Willi, O TI Multi-MeV proton source investigations in ultraintense laser-foil interactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA INTERACTION; ION-ACCELERATION; HOT-ELECTRONS; BEAMS; RADIOGRAPHY; GENERATION; TARGETS; PULSES; SOLIDS; DRIVEN AB A study of the properties of multi-MeV proton emission from thin foils following ultraintense laser irradiation has been carried out. It has been shown that the protons are emitted, in a quasilaminar fashion, from a region of transverse size of the order of 100-200 mum. The imaging properties of the proton source are equivalent to those of a much smaller source located several hundred mum in front of the foil. This finding has been obtained by analyzing proton radiographs of periodically structured test objects, and is corroborated by observations of proton emission from laser-heated thick targets. C1 Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Dusseldorf, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. RP Borghesi, M (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. RI Kar, Satyabrata/E-5220-2010; Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; Borghesi, Marco/K-2974-2012; Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Schiavi, Angelo/D-2924-2017 OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Schiavi, Angelo/0000-0002-7081-2747 NR 22 TC 203 Z9 207 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 5 AR 055003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.055003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 771KV UT WOS:000188785200031 PM 14995317 ER PT J AU Honda, Y Kubo, K Anderson, S Araki, S Bane, K Brachmann, A Frisch, J Fukuda, M Hasegawa, K Hayano, H Hendrickson, L Higashi, Y Higo, T Hirano, K Hirose, T Iida, K Imai, T Inoue, Y Karataev, P Kuriki, M Kuroda, R Kuroda, S Luo, X McCormick, D Matsuda, M Muto, T Nakajima, K Naito, T Nelson, J Nomura, M Ohashi, A Omori, T Okugi, T Ross, M Sakai, H Sakai, I Sasao, N Smith, S Suzuki, T Takano, M Taniguchi, T Terunuma, N Turner, J Toge, N Urakawa, J Vogel, V Woodley, M Wolski, A Yamazaki, I Yamazaki, Y Yocky, G Young, A Zimmermann, F AF Honda, Y Kubo, K Anderson, S Araki, S Bane, K Brachmann, A Frisch, J Fukuda, M Hasegawa, K Hayano, H Hendrickson, L Higashi, Y Higo, T Hirano, K Hirose, T Iida, K Imai, T Inoue, Y Karataev, P Kuriki, M Kuroda, R Kuroda, S Luo, X McCormick, D Matsuda, M Muto, T Nakajima, K Naito, T Nelson, J Nomura, M Ohashi, A Omori, T Okugi, T Ross, M Sakai, H Sakai, I Sasao, N Smith, S Suzuki, T Takano, M Taniguchi, T Terunuma, N Turner, J Toge, N Urakawa, J Vogel, V Woodley, M Wolski, A Yamazaki, I Yamazaki, Y Yocky, G Young, A Zimmermann, F TI Achievement of ultralow emittance beam in the accelerator test facility damping ring SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB For high luminosity in electron-positron linear colliders, it is essential to generate low vertical emittance beams. We report on the smallest vertical emittance achieved in single-bunch-mode operation of the Accelerator Test Facility, which satisfies the requirement of the x-band linear collider. The emittances were measured with a laser-wire beam-profile monitor installed in the damping ring. The bunch length and the momentum spread of the beam were also recorded under the same conditions. The smallest vertical rms emittance measured at low intensity is 4 pm at a beam energy of 1.3 GeV, which corresponds to the normalized emittance of 1.0x1.0(-8) m. It increases by a factor of 1.5 for a bunch intensity of 10(10) electrons. The measured data agreed to the calculation of intrabeam scattering within much better than a factor of 2. C1 Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 606, Japan. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan. Tohoku Gakuin Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Tagajo, Miyagi, Japan. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo Univ Sci, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Chiba, Japan. Yokohama Natl Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Phys, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240, Japan. IHEP, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Chiba, Japan. NIRS, Chiba, Japan. Grad Univ Adv Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Nagoya Univ, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. RP Honda, Y (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 606, Japan. RI Kuroda, Ryunosuke/D-2722-2014; urakawa, junji/F-4763-2014; Karataev, Pavel/O-5440-2015; Honda, Yasuhiro/J-6227-2013 OI Kuroda, Ryunosuke/0000-0002-8970-3321; Karataev, Pavel/0000-0002-1961-3793; Honda, Yasuhiro/0000-0002-0102-7841 NR 16 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 5 AR 054802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.054802 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 771KV UT WOS:000188785200028 PM 14995314 ER PT J AU Kimura, WD Babzien, M Ben-Zvi, I Campbell, LP Cline, DB Dilley, CE Gallardo, JC Gottschalk, SC Kusche, KP Pantell, RH Pogorelsky, IV Quimby, DC Skaritka, J Steinhauer, LC Yakimenko, V Zhou, F AF Kimura, WD Babzien, M Ben-Zvi, I Campbell, LP Cline, DB Dilley, CE Gallardo, JC Gottschalk, SC Kusche, KP Pantell, RH Pogorelsky, IV Quimby, DC Skaritka, J Steinhauer, LC Yakimenko, V Zhou, F TI Demonstration of high-trapping efficiency and narrow energy spread in a laser-driven accelerator SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Laser-driven electron accelerators (laser linacs) offer the potential for enabling much more economical and compact devices. However, the development of practical and efficient laser linacs requires accelerating a large ensemble of electrons together ("trapping") while keeping their energy spread small. This has never been realized before for any laser acceleration system. We present here the first demonstration of high-trapping efficiency and narrow energy spread via laser acceleration. Trapping efficiencies of up to 80% and energy spreads down to 0.36% (1sigma) were demonstrated. C1 STI Optron Inc, Bellevue, WA 98004 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Washington, Redmond Plasma Phys Lab, Redmond, WA 98052 USA. RP Kimura, WD (reprint author), STI Optron Inc, Bellevue, WA 98004 USA. EM wkimura@stioptronics.com NR 11 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 5 AR 054801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.054801 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 771KV UT WOS:000188785200027 PM 14995313 ER PT J AU Niyazov, RA Weinstein, LB Adams, G Ambrozewicz, P Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Asryan, G Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Bagdasaryan, H Ball, JP Barrow, S Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bektasoglu, M Bellis, M Benmouna, N Berman, BL Bianchi, N Biselli, AS Boiarinov, S Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Bradford, R Branford, D Brooks, WK Burkert, VD Butuceanu, C Calarco, JR Carman, DS Carnahan, B Cetina, C Chen, S Ciciani, L Cole, PL Coleman, A Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, JP De Sanctis, E Dashyan, N DeVita, R Degtyarenko, PV Denizli, H Dennis, L Dharmawardane, KV Dhuga, KS Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Dytman, S Dzyubak, OP Eckhause, M Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Elouadrhiri, L Empl, A Eugenio, P Fatemi, R Feuerbach, RJ Ficenec, J Forest, TA Funsten, H Gavalian, G Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Girard, P Gordon, CIO Gothe, RW Griffioen, K Guidal, M Guillo, M Guo, L Gyurjyan, V Hadjidakis, C Hakobyan, RS Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Holtrop, M Hu, J Hyde-Wright, CE Ilieva, Y Ingram, W Ito, MM Jenkins, D Joo, K Juengst, HG Kelley, JH Kellie, J Khandaker, M Kim, DH Kim, KY Kim, K Kim, MS Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klimenko, AV Klusman, M Kossov, M Kramer, LH Kuang, Y Kuhn, SE Kuhn, J Lachniet, J Laget, JM Langheinrich, J Lawrence, D Li, J Livingston, K Lukashin, K Manak, JJ Marchand, C McAleer, S McLauchlan, S McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mehrabyan, S Melone, JJ Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mikhailov, K Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Morand, L Morrow, SA Muccifora, V Mueller, J Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Nasseripour, R Nelson, SO Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niczyporuk, BB Nozar, M O'Rielly, GV Osipenko, M Park, K Pasyuk, E Peterson, G Philips, SA Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Prok, Y Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Raue, BA Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Sabourov, K Salgado, C Santoro, JP Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, VS Shafi, A Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Simionatto, S Skabelin, AV Smith, ES Smith, LC Sober, DI Spraker, M Stavinsky, A Stepanyan, S Stoler, P Strakovsky, II Strauch, S Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, DJ Thoma, U Thompson, R Todor, L Tur, C Ungaro, M Vineyard, MF Vlassov, AV Wang, K Weller, H Weygand, DP Whisnant, CS Wolin, E Wood, MH Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zhang, B AF Niyazov, RA Weinstein, LB Adams, G Ambrozewicz, P Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Asryan, G Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Bagdasaryan, H Ball, JP Barrow, S Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bektasoglu, M Bellis, M Benmouna, N Berman, BL Bianchi, N Biselli, AS Boiarinov, S Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Bradford, R Branford, D Brooks, WK Burkert, VD Butuceanu, C Calarco, JR Carman, DS Carnahan, B Cetina, C Chen, S Ciciani, L Cole, PL Coleman, A Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, JP De Sanctis, E Dashyan, N DeVita, R Degtyarenko, PV Denizli, H Dennis, L Dharmawardane, KV Dhuga, KS Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Dytman, S Dzyubak, OP Eckhause, M Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Elouadrhiri, L Empl, A Eugenio, P Fatemi, R Feuerbach, RJ Ficenec, J Forest, TA Funsten, H Gavalian, G Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Girard, P Gordon, CIO Gothe, RW Griffioen, K Guidal, M Guillo, M Guo, L Gyurjyan, V Hadjidakis, C Hakobyan, RS Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Holtrop, M Hu, J Hyde-Wright, CE Ilieva, Y Ingram, W Ito, MM Jenkins, D Joo, K Juengst, HG Kelley, JH Kellie, J Khandaker, M Kim, DH Kim, KY Kim, K Kim, MS Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klimenko, AV Klusman, M Kossov, M Kramer, LH Kuang, Y Kuhn, SE Kuhn, J Lachniet, J Laget, JM Langheinrich, J Lawrence, D Li, J Livingston, K Lukashin, K Manak, JJ Marchand, C McAleer, S McLauchlan, S McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mehrabyan, S Melone, JJ Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mikhailov, K Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Morand, L Morrow, SA Muccifora, V Mueller, J Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Nasseripour, R Nelson, SO Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niczyporuk, BB Nozar, M O'Rielly, GV Osipenko, M Park, K Pasyuk, E Peterson, G Philips, SA Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Prok, Y Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Raue, BA Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Sabourov, K Salgado, C Santoro, JP Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, VS Shafi, A Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Simionatto, S Skabelin, AV Smith, ES Smith, LC Sober, DI Spraker, M Stavinsky, A Stepanyan, S Stoler, P Strakovsky, II Strauch, S Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, DJ Thoma, U Thompson, R Todor, L Tur, C Ungaro, M Vineyard, MF Vlassov, AV Wang, K Weller, H Weygand, DP Whisnant, CS Wolin, E Wood, MH Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zhang, B CA CLAS Collaboration TI Two-nucleon momentum distributions measured in He-3(e,e ' pp)n SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SHORT-RANGE CORRELATIONS; KNOCKOUT; NUCLEI; HE-3; O-16 AB We have measured the He-3(e,e'pp)n reaction at 2.2 GeV over a wide kinematic range. The kinetic energy distribution for "fast" nucleons (p>250 MeV/c) peaks where two nucleons each have 20% or less, and the third nucleon has most of the transferred energy. These fast pp and pn pairs are back to back with little momentum along the three-momentum transfer, indicating that they are spectators. Calculations by Sargsian and by Laget also indicate that we have measured distorted two-nucleon momentum distributions by striking one nucleon and detecting the spectator correlated pair. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Nucl, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Inst Phys Nucl, F-91406 Orsay, France. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Texas, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Union Coll, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Weinstein, LB (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM weinstei@physics.odu.edu RI Bektasoglu, Mehmet/A-2074-2012; Protopopescu, Dan/D-5645-2012; riccardi, gabriele/A-9269-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Auger, Thierry/L-1073-2013; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015 OI Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975 NR 26 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 5 AR 052303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.052303 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 771KV UT WOS:000188785200015 PM 14995301 ER PT J AU Vanroose, W Zhang, ZY McCurdy, CW Rescigno, TN AF Vanroose, W Zhang, ZY McCurdy, CW Rescigno, TN TI Threshold vibrational excitation of CO2 by slow electrons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POLAR-MOLECULES; SCATTERING; RESONANCES; HCL AB Threshold structures, reminiscent of those seen in the polar hydrogen halides, have recently been observed in the cross sections for electron impact excitation of certain vibrational levels of the nonpolar CO2 molecule. These structures occur at energies outside the range where shape resonances dominate the dynamics. We propose a virtual state model that describes the multidimensional nuclear dynamics during the collision and explains quantitatively the selectivity observed in the excitation of the Fermi dyad, as well as the pattern of threshold peaks and oscillations seen in the upper levels of the higher polyads. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vanroose, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Vanroose, Wim/J-4292-2013 OI Vanroose, Wim/0000-0001-8349-1391 NR 17 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 5 AR 053201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.053201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 771KV UT WOS:000188785200017 PM 14995303 ER PT J AU Radisky, DC Bissell, MJ AF Radisky, DC Bissell, MJ TI Respect thy neighbor! SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID ROUS-SARCOMA VIRUS; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; INHIBITOR; PROMOTES; CANCER; CELLS C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Radisky, DC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mjbissell@lbl.gov NR 17 TC 73 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 303 IS 5659 BP 775 EP 777 DI 10.1126/science.1094412 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 770WF UT WOS:000188753800036 PM 14764858 ER PT J AU Majumdar, A AF Majumdar, A TI Thermoelectricity in semiconductor nanostructures SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID DEVICES; FIGURE; MERIT C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Majumdar, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM majumdar@me.berkeley.edu NR 10 TC 550 Z9 565 U1 14 U2 185 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 303 IS 5659 BP 777 EP 778 DI 10.1126/science.1093164 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 770WF UT WOS:000188753800037 PM 14764859 ER PT J AU Everaers, R Sukumaran, SK Grest, GS Svaneborg, C Sivasubramanian, A Kremer, K AF Everaers, R Sukumaran, SK Grest, GS Svaneborg, C Sivasubramanian, A Kremer, K TI Rheology and microscopic topology of entangled polymeric liquids SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STATISTICAL MECHANICS; CHAIN DIMENSIONS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; MELTS; REPTATION; LENGTH; SIMULATIONS; MODEL; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB The viscoelastic properties of high molecular weight polymeric liquids are dominated by topological constraints on a molecular scale. In a manner similar to that of entangled ropes, polymer chains can slide past but not through each other. Tube models of polymer dynamics and rheology are based on the idea that entanglements con. ne a chain to small fluctuations around a primitive path that follows the coarse-grained chain contour. Here we provide a microscopic foundation for these highly successful phenomenological models. We analyze the topological state of polymeric liquids in terms of primitive paths and obtain parameter-free, quantitative predictions for the plateau modulus, which agree with experiment for all major classes of synthetic polymers. C1 Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. EM everaers@mpipks-dresden.mpg.de RI Kremer, Kurt/G-5652-2011; Everaers, Ralf/K-2228-2013; Umlauf, Ursula/D-3356-2014; MPIP, Theory/I-9884-2014 OI Everaers, Ralf/0000-0002-6843-2753; NR 37 TC 359 Z9 361 U1 21 U2 136 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 303 IS 5659 BP 823 EP 826 DI 10.1126/science.1091215 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 770WF UT WOS:000188753800053 PM 14764875 ER PT J AU Leisch, JE Bhattacharya, RN Teeter, G Turner, JA AF Leisch, JE Bhattacharya, RN Teeter, G Turner, JA TI Preparation and characterization of Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)(2) thin films from electrodeposited precursors for hydrogen production SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE electrodiposition; CIGS; hydrogen ID SOLAR-CELLS; SURFACE; SULFUR AB Semiconducting Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)(2) thin films were made from electrodeposited Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 precursors, followed by physical vapor deposition of In2S3, Ga, and Se. The bandgaps of these materials were found to be between 1.6 and 2.0 eV, which spans the optimal bandgap necessary for application for the top junction in photovoltaic multijunction devices and for unassisted water photolysis. These films were characterized by electron-probe microanalysis, scanning Auger spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and photocurrent spectroscopy. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Bhattacharya, RN (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM raghu_bhattacharya@nrel.gov NR 11 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD FEB 6 PY 2004 VL 81 IS 2 BP 249 EP 259 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2003.11.006 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 773MJ UT WOS:000188927300010 ER PT J AU Massoudi, M Maneschy, CE AF Massoudi, M Maneschy, CE TI Numerical solution to the flow of a second grade fluid over a stretching sheet using the method of quasi-linearization SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID; BOUNDARY-LAYER EQUATIONS; HEAT-TRANSFER; VISCOELASTIC FLUID; STAGNATION POINT; FLAT-PLATE; 2ND GRADE; SUCTION; INJECTION AB In this short work we look at the flow of a second grade fluid due to a stretching sheet coinciding with the plane y = 0. Two equal and opposite forces are applied along the x-axis (horizontal plane) in such a way that the origin remains fixed and the velocity of stretching is proportional to the distance from the origin.. This problem was studied by Rajagopal et al. [Rheol. Acta 23 (1984) 213; Meccanica 19 (1984) 158] where a perturbation scheme was used to obtain the solution. Using the same similarity transformation given by Rajagopal et al., we solve the full equation numerically, using the method of quasi-linearization of Bellman and Kalaba [Quasilinearization and Non-Linear Boundary Value Problems, American Elsevier, New York, 1965]. Results will be given for the velocity distribution and the shear stress at the wall. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Fed Univ Para, CT, Dept Mech Engn, BR-66075900 Belem, Para, Brazil. RP Massoudi, M (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM massoudi@netl.doe.gov NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD FEB 5 PY 2004 VL 149 IS 1 BP 165 EP 173 DI 10.1016/S0096-3003(02)00963-3 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 764FD UT WOS:000188196000010 ER PT J AU Gu, LH Post, WM King, AW AF Gu, LH Post, WM King, AW TI Fast labile carbon turnover obscures sensitivity of heterotrophic respiration from soil to temperature: A model analysis SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES LA English DT Article DE carbon cycling; soil respiration; soil organic carbon; temperature sensitivity (Q(10)); labile carbon; soil carbon dynamics ID ORGANIC-MATTER DECOMPOSITION; AFFORESTED SOILS; SEASONAL-CHANGES; CYCLE FEEDBACKS; FOREST SOILS; CO2 EFFLUX; CLIMATE; DEPENDENCE; ALLOCATION; RESPONSES AB Labile carbon, although often a small fraction of soil organic carbon (SOC), significantly affects heterotrophic respiration at short timescales because of its rapid decomposition. However, in the current literature, most soil respiration measurements are interpreted without simultaneous information on labile carbon pool dynamics. Sensitivity of soil respiration to temperature is routinely derived directly from field observations, and such relationships have been used to extrapolate effects of global change (e.g., warming) on carbon emission from SOC. Here we use a multipool SOC model to demonstrate the impacts of seasonal fluctuations of labile carbon pools on interpretation of soil respiration measurements. We find that labile carbon pool sizes vary widely in response to seasonal changes in representative plant material inputs and temperature even though the model is operating at equilibrium in terms of annual means. Convolution of the dynamics of fast turnover carbon pools and temporal progression in temperature lead to misrepresentation and misinterpretation of the heterotrophic respiration-temperature relationships estimated from bulk soil CO2 exchanges. Temperature sensitivity is overestimated when the variations of labile carbon pools and temperature are in phase and underestimated when they are out of phase. Furthermore, with normally used observation time windows (weeks to a year), temperature sensitivity is more likely to be underestimated. A distortion of temperature sensitivity (Q(10)) from 2 (actual, sensitive dependence on temperature) to nearly 1 (false, no dependence on temperature) is shown. Applying estimated temperature sensitivity parameter back into the model considerably overestimates soil carbon storage at equilibrium. Our findings indicate that caution must be taken when soil respiration-temperature relationships are evaluated based on bulk soil observations and when sensitivity of soil respiration to temperature estimated directly under field conditions is used to predict future carbon cycle-climate feedbacks. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gu, LH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM lianhong-gu@ornl.gov RI Post, Wilfred/B-8959-2012; Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014 OI Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738 NR 52 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 43 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0886-6236 J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle PD FEB 5 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 1 AR GB1022 DI 10.1029/2003GB002119 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 775MD UT WOS:000189043900001 ER PT J AU McComas, DJ Schwadron, NA Crary, FJ Elliott, HA Young, DT Gosling, JT Thomsen, MF Sittler, E Berthelier, JJ Szego, K Coates, AJ AF McComas, DJ Schwadron, NA Crary, FJ Elliott, HA Young, DT Gosling, JT Thomsen, MF Sittler, E Berthelier, JJ Szego, K Coates, AJ TI The interstellar hydrogen shadow: Observations of interstellar pickup ions beyond Jupiter SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE interstellar hydrogen shadow; Jupiter; Cassini; pickup ions; heliosphere ID SOLAR-WIND; MAGNETIC-FIELD; UP IONS; HELIOSPHERE; HELIUM; DISTRIBUTIONS; ACCELERATION; ULYSSES; CASSINI; FLUCTUATIONS AB This study analyzes the first direct, mass-resolved observations of heliospheric pickup ions beyond the orbit of Jupiter. The Cassini Plasma Spectrometer observes H+, He+, He++, and O+ pickup ions of interstellar origin between 6.4 and 8.2 AU. Cassini's trajectory carries it through the downstream direction where we observe enhancements in the pickup He consistent with gravitational focusing by the Sun. We also show the first in situ observations of an "interstellar hydrogen shadow'' where pickup H is depleted in the region behind the Sun relative to the local interstellar flow. Most H atoms cannot penetrate into this downstream shadow region both because the outward force due to radiation pressure exceeds gravitational attraction at this time and because H atoms trying to enter the shadow must pass close by the Sun where they have a high probability of being ionized and swept out with the solar wind. C1 SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. CNRS, F-94100 St Maur, France. KFKI, Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary. UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. RP McComas, DJ (reprint author), SW Res Inst, PO Drawer 28510, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. EM dmccomas@swri.edu; nschwadron@swri.edu; fcrary@swri.edu; helliott@swri.edu; dyoung@swri.edu; jgosling@lanl.gov; mthomsen@lanl.gov; edward.c.sittler@nasa.gov; jean-jacques.berthelier@cetp.ipsl.fr; szego@rmki.kfki.hu; ajc@mssl.ucl.ac.uk RI Coates, Andrew/C-2396-2008 OI Coates, Andrew/0000-0002-6185-3125 NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 5 PY 2004 VL 109 IS A2 AR A02104 DI 10.1029/2003JA010217 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 775NK UT WOS:000189047400006 ER PT J AU Funston, AM Silverman, EE Miller, JR Schanze, KS AF Funston, AM Silverman, EE Miller, JR Schanze, KS TI Charge transfer through terthiophene end-capped poly(arylene ethynylene)s SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION-LIMITED REACTIONS; MOLECULAR WIRE APPROACH; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; SOLVATED ELECTRONS; CARRIER MOBILITY; RADICAL CATIONS; ION-PAIRS; TETRAHYDROFURAN; PHOTOPHYSICS AB Two poly(arylene ethynylene)s (PAEs) that are end-capped with alpha-terihiophene (T-3) groups were prepared and structurally characterized by proton NMR, GPC, and optical spectroscopy. One of the polymers (TYPED) features a backbone structure that alternates phenylene ethynylene and bis(alkoxy)phenylene ethynylene repeat units. The second T-3 end-capped polymer (T(3)PBpE(12)) features an alternating structure with biphenylene ethynylene and bis(alkoxy)phenylene ethynylene repeats. The absorption spectra of the T-3 end-capped polymers are almost the same as those of the corresponding "parent polymers" (PPE164 and PBpE(21), respectively) that lack the T-3 end-groups. By contrast, whereas the fluorescence spectra of the parent polymers is dominated by a blue fluorescence with lambda(max)=425 nm, the emission spectra of the end-capped polymers contains a significant contribution of a green fluorescence (lambda=500-550 nm). This signals that the singlet exciton is efficiently trapped by the T-3 end groups. Pulse radiolysis studies were carried out on all of the poly(arylene ethynylene)s in an effort to characterize the spectra and dynamics of the cation and anion radicals of the polymers. Pulse radiolytically generated solvent holes, and solvated electrons were transferred to the PAEs at nearly diffusion controlled rates. The absorption spectra of the anion radicals of the PAEs were similar and featured two strong absorption bands, one in the visible (lambda=600 nm) and the second in the near-IR (lambda=1600-2000 nm). The cation radicals of the T-3 end-capped polymers also feature two absorption bands, one in the visible and the second in the near-IR. However, the spectra of the cation radicals of the T-3 end-capped polymers show important differences. Specifically, the cation radical spectra of T(3)BpE(12) and PBpE(21) are identical, which reveals that the hole is not trapped by the T-3 end-cap in the biphenylene polymer. By contrast, the cation radical absorption spectra of T3PPE13 (lambda(max)=640 and 1350 nm) and PPE164 (lambda(max)=600 and 1950 nm) are distinctly different. This difference suggests that the hole is localized on the T-3 end-group in T3PPE13. Bimolecular hole-transfer experiments using bithiophene (T-2, E-ox(degrees)=1.21 V), terthiophene (T-3, E-ox(degrees)=0.91V), and quaterthiophene (T-4, E-ox(degrees)=0.76 V) with PPE164 and PBpE(21) allowed the determination of the oxidation potentials for the PAEs. The values are PPE164, E-ox(degrees)=0.91 V; PBpE(21), E-ox(degrees)=0.85 V (all potentials vs SCE). The lower oxidation potential of the biphenylene based PAE explains why the hole is not trapped by the T-3 end-groups in T(3)BpE(12). The dynamics of intrachain hole transfer in T3PPE13 are much faster than the rate of hole transfer from the solvent, and on the basis of this result, the lower limit for intrachain hole transfer is determined to be k(HT)greater than or equal to1 X 10(8) S-1. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Miller, JR (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jrmiller@bnl.gov; kschanze@chem.ufl.edu RI Funston, Alison/B-8817-2012; Schanze, Kirk/A-7200-2009 OI Funston, Alison/0000-0002-4320-6434; Schanze, Kirk/0000-0003-3342-4080 NR 59 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 5 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 5 BP 1544 EP 1555 DI 10.1021/jp0364396 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 768UH UT WOS:000188553100007 ER PT J AU Wang, LQ Ferris, KF Azad, S Engelhard, MH Peden, CHF AF Wang, LQ Ferris, KF Azad, S Engelhard, MH Peden, CHF TI Adsorption and reaction of acetaldehyde on stoichiometric and defective SrTiO3(100) surfaces SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; CARBON BOND FORMATION; FORMIC-ACID; TIO2(001) SURFACES; RUTILE 001; TIO2(110); TIO2; DECOMPOSITION; SPECTROSCOPY AB The adsorption and reaction of acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) on stoichiometric (TiO2-terminated) and reduced SrTiO3(100) surfaces have been investigated using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Acetaldehyde adsorbs molecularly on the stoichiometric SrTiO3(100) surface that contains predominately Ti4+ cations. The Ti4+ sites on the stoichiometric SrTiO3(100) surface are not sufficiently active for surface reactions such as aldol condensation, as opposed to the Ti4+ ions on the TiO2-(001) surface. However, decomposition and redox reactions of acetaldehyde occur in the presence of surface defects created by Ar+ sputtering. The decomposition products following reactions of acetaldehyde on the defective surface include H-2, C2H4, CO, C4H6, and C4H8. Reductive coupling to produce C2H4 and C4H8 is the main reaction pathway for decomposition of acetaldehyde on the sputter-reduced SrTiO3(100) surface. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, LQ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM lq.wang@pnl.gov RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 34 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 5 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 5 BP 1646 EP 1652 DI 10.1021/jp030917v PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 768UH UT WOS:000188553100021 ER PT J AU Jordanides, XJ Scholes, GD Shapley, WA Reimers, JR Fleming, GR AF Jordanides, XJ Scholes, GD Shapley, WA Reimers, JR Fleming, GR TI Electronic couplings and energy transfer dynamics in the oxidized primary electron donor of the bacterial reaction center SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS; PAIR RADICAL-CATION; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; SPHAEROIDES REACTION CENTERS; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM SPECTRA; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; PURPLE BACTERIA; CHARGE SEPARATION; TRANSFER PATHWAYS; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHEROIDES AB It has been known for 30 years that the oxidized special pair radical cation P+ is as efficient as the neutral ground-state species P in quenching excitation from the neighboring accessory bacteriochlorophylls B-L and B-M, but the mechanism for this process has remained elusive. Indeed, simple treatments based on application of standard Forster theory to the most likely acceptor candidate fails by 5 orders of magnitude in the prediction of the energy transfer rates to P+. We present a qualitative description of the electronic energy transfer (EET) dynamics that involves mixing of the strongly allowed transitions in P+ with a manifold of exotic lower-energy transitions to facilitate EET on the observed time scale of 150 fs. This description is obtained using a three-step procedure. First, multireference configuration-interaction (MRCI) calculations are performed using the semiempirical INDO/S Hamiltonian to depict the excited states of P+. However, these calculations are qualitatively indicative but of insufficient quantitative accuracy to allow for a fully a priori simulation of the EET and so, second, the INDO results are used to establish a variety of scenarios, empirical parameters that are then fitted to describe a range of observed absorption and circular dichroism data. Third, EET according to these scenarios is predicted using a generalized Forster theory that uses donor and acceptor transition densities, which together account for the large size of the chromophores in relation to the interchromophore spacings. The spectroscopic transitions of P+ that facilitate the fast EET are thus unambiguously identified. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Sydney, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jordanides, XJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM xjj2@cornell.edu; reimers@chem.usyd.edu.au RI Reimers, Jeffrey/B-9490-2014; OI Reimers, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5157-7422 NR 79 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 5 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 5 BP 1753 EP 1765 DI 10.1021/jp036516x PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 768UH UT WOS:000188553100034 ER PT J AU Gnaeupel-Herold, T Prask, HJ Fields, RJ Foecke, TJ Xia, ZC Lienert, U AF Gnaeupel-Herold, T Prask, HJ Fields, RJ Foecke, TJ Xia, ZC Lienert, U TI A synchrotron study of residual stresses in a Al6022 deep drawn cup SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE springback; sheet metal forming; stress; synchrotron ID SPRINGBACK AB Fueled by pressures to reduce scrap and tooling costs, the modeling and prediction of springback has become a major focus of interest in sheet metal forming. Finite element codes and packages are being developed or improved but face the demand for higher predictive accuracy which, in turn, requires accurate property data and a more complete understanding of the stresses that are responsible for the elastic part of the springback. In order to provide experimental data for these calculations, synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements were carried out in order to determine the through-thickness distribution of axial and tangential residual stresses in an A16022 deep drawn cup. The technique is able to provide true spatial resolutions of 0.05 mm for a strain measurement on a cup with 0.92 mm wall thickness. It is found that both axial and tangential stresses exhibit non-linear gradients through thickness and both exhibit a pronounced dependency on the axial position. The springback measured on a split ring cut from the cup agrees within 3% accuracy with the value predicted from the average of measured through-thickness stresses. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ford Motor Co, Sci Res Lab, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. NIST, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Gnaeupel-Herold, T (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM tg-h@nist.gov OI Gnaupel-Herold, Thomas/0000-0002-8287-5091 NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 5 PY 2004 VL 366 IS 1 BP 104 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2003.08.059 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 764PV UT WOS:000188216000014 ER PT J AU Smith, DA Heavner, MJ Jacobson, AR Shao, XM Massey, RS Sheldon, RJ Wiens, KC AF Smith, DA Heavner, MJ Jacobson, AR Shao, XM Massey, RS Sheldon, RJ Wiens, KC TI A method for determining intracloud lightning and ionospheric heights from VLF/LF electric field records SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE intracloud lightning; height determination; ionospheric propagation ID TRANSIONOSPHERIC PULSE PAIRS; FORTE SATELLITE; OPTICAL-EMISSIONS; DETECTION NETWORK; RADIO-FREQUENCY; RADIATION; VHF; PHENOMENOLOGY; THUNDERSTORMS; DISCHARGES AB [1] The Los Alamos Sferic Array ( LASA) recorded VLF/LF electric-field-change signals from over ten million lightning discharges during the period from 1998 to 2001. Using the differential-times-of-arrival of lightning sferics recorded by three or more stations, the latitudes and longitudes of the source discharges were determined. Under conditions of favorable geometry and ionospheric propagation, sensors obtained ionospherically reflected skywave signals from the lightning discharges in addition to the standard groundwave sferics. In approximately 1% of all waveforms, automated processing identified two 1-hop skywave reflection paths with delays indicative of an intracloud ( height greater than 5 km) lightning source origin. For these events it was possible to determine both the height of the source above ground and the virtual reflection height of the ionosphere. Ionosphere heights agreed well with published values of 60 to 95 km with an expected diurnal variation. Source height determinations for 100,000+ intracloud lightning events ranged from 7 to 20 km AGL with negative-polarity events occurring above similar to 15 km and positive-polarity events occurring below similar to 15 km. The negative-polarity events are at a suprisingly high altitude and may be associated with discharges between the upper charge layer of a storm and a screening layer of charge above the storm. Approximately 100 of the intracloud events with LASA height determinations were also recorded by VHF receivers on the FORTE satellite. Independent FORTE source height estimates based on delays between direct and ground-reflected radio emissions showed excellent correlation with the VLF/LF estimates, but with a + 1 km bias for the VLF/LF height determinations. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Smith, DA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, NIS-1,MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM smithda@lanl.gov NR 30 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD FEB 5 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 1 AR RS1010 DI 10.1029/2002RS002790 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 775NV UT WOS:000189048300001 ER PT J AU Johnson, PA Zinszner, B Rasolofosaon, P Cohen-Tenoudji, F Van Den Abeele, K AF Johnson, PA Zinszner, B Rasolofosaon, P Cohen-Tenoudji, F Van Den Abeele, K TI Dynamic measurements of the nonlinear elastic parameter alpha in rock under varying conditions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE elastic nonlinearity; nonlinear acoustics; nonlinear elastic parameter alpha ID DISCERN MATERIAL DAMAGE; WAVE SPECTROSCOPY; WATER SATURATION; NEWS TECHNIQUES; PROPAGATION; HYSTERESIS; MECHANISM; RESONANCE; PRESSURE; STATE AB Since the exhaustive work by Adams and Coker at the Carnegie Institute in the early 1900s and the work of F. Birch's group at Harvard University conducted in the 1940s-1950s, it has been well documented that the quasi-static stress-strain behavior of rock is nonlinear and hysteretic. Over the past 20 years, there has been an increasing body of evidence suggesting that rocks are highly elastically nonlinear and hysteretic in their dynamic stress-strain response as well, even at extremely small strain amplitudes that are typical of laboratory measurements. In this work we present a compendium of measurements of the nonlinear elastic parameter a extracted from longitudinal (Young's mode) and flexural-mode resonance experiments in eight different rock types under a variety of saturation and thermal conditions. The nonlinear modulus a represents a measure of the dynamic hysteresis in the wave pressure-strain behavior. We believe that hysteresis is the primary cause of nonclassical nonlinear dynamics in rock, just as it is responsible for elastic nonlinear behavior in quasi-static observations. In dynamics, a is proportional to the wave speed and modulus reduction as a function of wave strain amplitude due to the hysteresis, based on our current model. The rocks tested include pure quartz sandstone (Fontainebleau), two sandstones that contain clay and other secondary mineralization (Berea and Meule), marble (Asian White), chalk, and three limestones (St. Pantaleon, Estaillades, and Lavoux). The values of a range from similar to500 to >100,000, depending on the rock type, damage, and/or water saturation state. Damaged samples exhibit significantly larger a than intact samples (hysteresis increases with damage quantity), and water saturation has an enormous influence on a from 0 to 15-30% water saturation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Paris 07, Lab Environm & Dev, F-75251 Paris, France. Inst Francais Petr, F-92506 Rueil Malmaison, France. Katholieke Univ Leuven, Interdisciplinary Res Ctr, Fac Sci, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium. RP Johnson, PA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp, Mail Stop D443, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM paj@lanl.gov; bernard.zinszner@ifp.fr; patrick.rasolofosasoan@ifp.fr; koen.vandenabeele@kulak.ac.be RI 3G, Direction Geologie/C-1699-2013; IFPEN, Publications/A-8028-2008 NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB 4 PY 2004 VL 109 IS B2 AR B02202 DI 10.1029/2002JB002038 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 775NB UT WOS:000189046600001 ER PT J AU Xiong, YM Chen, XH Luo, XG Wang, CH Song, HB Chen, CL Chang, HY AF Xiong, YM Chen, XH Luo, XG Wang, CH Song, HB Chen, CL Chang, HY TI The effect of annealing on magnetic and transport properties of La0.5Sr0.5CoO3-delta thin films SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES AB The effect of annealing on magnetic and transport properties in La0.5Sr0.5CoO3-delta thin films is studied. The samples were prepared by annealing amorphous films at different temperatures. With increase in annealing temperature, the resistivity decreases, and the Curie temperature (T,) and negative magnetoresistance (MR) increase. These results arise from an increase of ferromagnetic coupling in grains and between grains, and a reduction of the spin dependent and disorder scattering. In addition, the conduction is very sensitive to oxygen deficiency. The thermopower (TEP) data for the films obtained by annealing at 600 and 1000degreesC show totally different behaviours. The film obtained at 1000degreesC shows temperature-linear dependence, and is typical of a metal, while the TEP of the film obtained at 600degreesC increases sharply at about 150 K. This may arise from the transformation of intermediate spin Co(iii) to low spin Co(111) and the contribution from the amorphous and hole-poor matrix. C1 Univ Sci & Technol China, Struct Res Lab, Anhua 230026, Peoples R China. Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Phys, Anhua 230026, Peoples R China. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconductiv & Adv Mat, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, XH (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Struct Res Lab, Anhua 230026, Peoples R China. EM chenxh@ustc.edu.cn RI Xiong, Yimin/C-7829-2011 NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 15 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 4 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 4 BP 553 EP 560 AR PII S0953-8984(04)68822-9 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/4/004 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 779HJ UT WOS:000189289000008 ER PT J AU Huh, S Chen, HT Wiench, JW Pruski, M Lin, VSY AF Huh, S Chen, HT Wiench, JW Pruski, M Lin, VSY TI Controlling the selectivity of competitive nitroaldol condensation by using a bifunctionalized mesoporous silica nanosphere-based catalytic system SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERIZATION; MORPHOLOGY; ACIDS C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lin, VSY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM vsylin@iastate.edu RI HUH, SEONG/E-5192-2011; OI Huh, Seong/0000-0001-7894-8422 NR 18 TC 139 Z9 142 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 4 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1010 EP 1011 DI 10.1021/ja0398161 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 768GA UT WOS:000188534200014 PM 14746455 ER PT J AU Li, HP Zhou, B Lin, Y Gu, LR Wang, W Fernando, KAS Kumar, S Allard, LF Sun, YP AF Li, HP Zhou, B Lin, Y Gu, LR Wang, W Fernando, KAS Kumar, S Allard, LF Sun, YP TI Selective interactions of porphyrins with semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; FUNCTIONALIZATION; CONDUCTIVITY; SEPARATION C1 Clemson Univ, Howard L Hunter Chem Lab, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Howard L Hunter Chem Lab, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM syaping@clemson.edu RI Li, Huaping/E-1456-2011 NR 24 TC 365 Z9 374 U1 6 U2 77 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 4 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1014 EP 1015 DI 10.1021/ja037142o PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 768GA UT WOS:000188534200016 PM 14746457 ER PT J AU Asthagiri, D Pratt, LR Paulaitis, ME Rempe, SB AF Asthagiri, D Pratt, LR Paulaitis, ME Rempe, SB TI Hydration structure and free energy of biomolecularly specific aqueous dications, including Zn2+ and first transition row metals SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID QUASI-CHEMICAL THEORY; WATER; DENSITY; MODELS; ION; POTENTIALS; SPECIATION; SURFACE; NUMBER; ZINC AB The hydration of some of the alkaline earth divalent metal cations and first row transition metal cations is considered within the quasi-chemical theory of solutions. Quantum chemical calculations provide information on the chemically important interactions between the ion and its first-shell water molecules. A dielectric continuum model supplies the outer-shell contribution. The theory then provides the framework to mesh these quantities together. The agreement between the calculated and experimental quantities is good. For the transition metal cations, it is seen that the ligand field contributions play an important role in the physics of hydration. Removing these bonding contributions from the computed hydration free energy results in a linear decrease in the hydration free energy along the period. It is precisely such effects that molecular mechanics force fields have not captured. The implications and extensions of this study to metal atoms in proteins are suggested. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lrp@lanl.gov RI Asthagiri, Dilipkumar/A-3383-2010; Rempe, Susan/H-1979-2011; Pratt, Lawrence/H-7955-2012; Asthagiri, Dilipkumar/P-9450-2016 OI Pratt, Lawrence/0000-0003-2351-7451; Asthagiri, Dilipkumar/0000-0001-5869-0807 NR 37 TC 105 Z9 106 U1 6 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 4 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1285 EP 1289 DI 10.1021/ja0382967 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 768GA UT WOS:000188534200061 PM 14746502 ER PT J AU Wang, YM Han, WQ Zettl, A AF Wang, YM Han, WQ Zettl, A TI Trapping and aligning carbon nanotubes via substrate geometry engineering SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLACEMENT; FIELD AB We present a simple method to place pregrown carbon nanotubes at specified locations on geometrically patterned silicon devices. Following room-temperature solution deposition, the nanotubes span gaps between pairs of tooth-shaped anchors serving as mechanical and/or electrical contacts. With a single deposition step, at least 50% of the anchor pairs are spanned by nanotubes. With the simultaneous application of modest local electric fields during deposition, the yield of successfully spanned anchor pairs is increased to 100%. Our placement method may find application in the reliable fabrication of nanotube-based electronic and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM azettl@socrates.berkeley.edu RI Han, WQ/E-2818-2013; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 20 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD FEB 4 PY 2004 VL 6 AR 15 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/6/1/015 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 771CG UT WOS:000188767500001 ER PT J AU Pokkuluri, PR Londer, YY Duke, NEC Long, WC Schiffer, M AF Pokkuluri, PR Londer, YY Duke, NEC Long, WC Schiffer, M TI Family of cytochrome c(7)-type proteins from Geobacter sulfurreducens: Structure of one cytochrome c(7) at 1.45 angstrom resolution SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DESULFOVIBRIO-VULGARIS HILDENBOROUGH; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; C-TYPE CYTOCHROME; TETRAHEME CYTOCHROME; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; FE(III)-REDUCING BACTERIA; DESULFURICANS NORWAY; C(3); REDUCTION; REACTIVITY AB The structure of a cytochrome c(7) (PpcA) from Geobacter sulfurreducens was determined by X-ray diffraction at 1.45 Angstrom resolution; the R factor is 18.2%. The protein contains a three-heme core that is surrounded by 71 amino acid residues. An unusual feature of this cytochrome is that it has 17 lysine residues, but only nine hydrophobic residues that are larger than alanine. The details of the structure are described and compared with those of cytochrome c(7) from Desulfuromonas acetoxidans and with cytochromes c(3). The two cytochrome c(7) molecules have sequences that are 46% identical, but the arrangements of the hemes in the two structures differ; the rms deviation of all alpha-carbons is 2.5 Angstrom. These cytochromes can reduce various metal ions. The reduction site of the chromate ion in D. acetoxidans is occupied by a sulfate ion in the crystal structure of PpcA. We identified four additional homologues of cytochrome c(7) in the G. sulfurreducens genome and three polymers Of c(7)-type domains. Of the polymers, two have four repeats and one has nine repeats. On the basis of sequence alignments, one of the hemes in each of the cytochrome c(7)-type domains does not have the bis-histidine coordination. The packing of the molecules in the crystal structure of PpcA suggests that the polymers have an elongated conformation and might form a "nanowire". C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schiffer, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mschiffer@anl.gov RI Long, William/C-7074-2009 OI Long, William/0000-0002-7095-1245 NR 33 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 3 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 4 BP 849 EP 859 DI 10.1021/bi0301439 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 767ZY UT WOS:000188504800003 PM 14744127 ER PT J AU Baker, EJ Galloway, L Jackson, B Schmoyer, D Snoddy, J AF Baker, EJ Galloway, L Jackson, B Schmoyer, D Snoddy, J TI MuTrack: a genome analysis system for large-scale mutagenesis in the mouse SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID MICE; STRAINS; MODELS AB Background: Modern biological research makes possible the comprehensive study and development of heritable mutations in the mouse model at high-throughput. Using techniques spanning genetics, molecular biology, histology, and behavioral science, researchers may examine, with varying degrees of granularity, numerous phenotypic aspects of mutant mouse strains directly pertinent to human disease states. Success of these and other genome-wide endeavors relies on a well-structured bioinformatics core that brings together investigators from widely dispersed institutions and enables them to seamlessly integrate data, observations and discussions. Description: MuTrack was developed as the bioinformatics core for a large mouse phenotype screening effort. It is a comprehensive collection of on-line computational tools and tracks thousands of mutagenized mice from birth through senescence and death. It identifies the physical location of mice during an intensive phenotype screening process at several locations throughout the state of Tennessee and collects raw and processed experimental data from each domain. MuTrack's statistical package allows researchers to access a real-time analysis of mouse pedigrees for aberrant behavior, and subsequent recirculation and retesting. The end result is the classification of potential and actual heritable mutant mouse strains that become immediately available to outside researchers who have expressed interest in the mutant phenotype. Conclusion: MuTrack demonstrates the effectiveness of using bioinformatics techniques in data collection, integration and analysis to identify unique result sets that are beyond the capacity of a solitary laboratory. By employing the research expertise of investigators at several institutions for a broad-ranging study, the TMGC has amplified the effectiveness of any one consortium member. The bioinformatics strategy presented here lends future collaborative efforts a template for a comprehensive approach to large-scale analysis. C1 Baylor Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Baker, EJ (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. EM Erich_Baker@Baylor.edu; gallowayld@ornl.gov; jacksonbl@ornl.gov; schmoyerdd@ornl.gov; Snoddyj@ornl.gov NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD FEB 3 PY 2004 VL 5 AR 11 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-5-11 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 801RM UT WOS:000220113000001 PM 15018655 ER PT J AU Setlow, RB Regan, JD German, J Carrier, WL AF Setlow, RB Regan, JD German, J Carrier, WL TI Evidence that xeroderma pigmentosum cells do not perform the firststep in the repair of ultraviolet damage to their DNA (reprinted from Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., vol. 64, pg. 1035-1041, 1969) SO DNA REPAIR LA English DT Reprint ID PYRIMIDINE DIMERS; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID AB Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a recessively transmitted disorder of man characterized by increased sensitivity to ultraviolet light. Homozygous, affected individuals, upon exposure to sunlight, sustain severe damage to the skin; this damage is characteristically followed by multiple basal and squamous cell carcinomas and not uncommonly by other malignant neoplasia. A tissue culture cell line was derived from the skin of a man with XP. Our measurements of ultraviolet-induced pyrimidine dimers in cellular DNA show that normal diploid human skin fibroblasts excise up to 70 per cent of the dimers in 24 hours, but that fibroblasts derived from the individual with XP excise less than 20 per cent in 48 hours. Alkaline gradient sedimentation experiments show that during the 24 hours after irradiation of normal cells a large number of single-strand breaks appear and then disappear. Such changes are not observed in XP cells. XP cells apparently fail to start the excision process because they lack the required function of an ultraviolet-specific endonuclease. These findings, plus earlier ones of Cleaver on the lack of repair replication in XP cells, raise the possibility that unexcised pyrimidine dimers can be implicated in the oncogenicity of ultraviolet radiation. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Biol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. New York Blood Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Setlow, RB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Biol, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 52 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-7864 J9 DNA REPAIR JI DNA Repair PD FEB 3 PY 2004 VL 3 IS 2 BP 188 EP 194 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 765RC UT WOS:000188296400013 PM 15338568 ER PT J AU Kosuri, MR Cone, R Li, QM Han, SM Bunker, BC Mayer, TM AF Kosuri, MR Cone, R Li, QM Han, SM Bunker, BC Mayer, TM TI Adsorption kinetics of 1-alkanethiols on hydrogenated Ge(111) SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ALKYL MONOLAYERS; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; ALKANETHIOLATE MONOLAYERS; SILICON SURFACES; SI(111) SURFACE; GE(100) SURFACE; GOLD; SPECTROSCOPY; DESORPTION AB We have investigated the liquid-phase self-assembly of 1-alkanethiols (HS(CH2)(n-1)CH3, n = 8, 16, and 18) on hydrogenated Ge(111), using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well as water contact angle measurements. The infrared absorbance of C-H stretching modes of alkanethiolates on Ge, in conjunction with water contact angle measurements, demonstrates that the final packing density is a function of alkanethiol concentration in 2-propanol and its chain length. High concentration and long alkyl chain increase the steady-state surface coverage of alkanethiolates. A critical chain length exists between n = 8 and 16, above which the adsorption kinetics is comparable for all long alkyl chain 1-alkanethiols. The steady-state coverage of hexadecanethiolates, representing long-chain alkanethiolates, reaches a maximum at approximately 5.9 x 10(14) hexadecanethiolates/cm(2) in 1 M solution. The characteristic time constant to reach a steady state also decreases with increasing chain length. This chain length dependence is attributed to the attractive chain-to-chain interaction in long-alkyl-chain self-assembled monolayers, which reduces the desorption-to-adsorption rate ratio (k(d)/k(a)). We also report the adsorption and desorption rate constants (k(a) and k(d)) of 1-hexadecanethiol on hydrogenated Ge(111) at room temperature. The alkanethiol adsorption is a two-step process following a first-order Langmuir isotherm: (1) fast adsorption with k(a) = 2.4 +/- 0.2 cm(3)/(mol s) and k(d) = (8.2 +/- 0.5) x 10(-6) s(-1); (2) slow adsorption with ka = 0.8 +/- 0.5 cm(3)/(Mol s) and kd = (3 +/- 2) x 10(-6) s(-1). C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Han, SM (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM meister@unm.edu NR 36 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD FEB 3 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 3 BP 835 EP 840 DI 10.1021/la035521p PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 769QE UT WOS:000188660600044 PM 15773112 ER PT J AU Methot, M Desmeules, P Vaknin, D Boucher, F Salesse, C AF Methot, M Desmeules, P Vaknin, D Boucher, F Salesse, C TI In situ characterization of functional purple membrane monolayers at the air-water interface SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; COMPLEX LB FILMS/; II CORE COMPLEX; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; IMAGE DETECTION; BACTERIORHODOPSIN; PHOTOCYCLE; PROTEIN; PHOTORECEPTOR AB The purple membrane (PM) of Halobacterium salinarum contains a single type of protein, bacteriorhodopsin (bR), which is a member of the seven alpha-helices transmembrane protein family. This protein is a photoactive proton pump, translocating one proton from the cytoplasmic to the extracellular side of the PM per photon absorbed. bR is found in trimers in PM, where they are assembled in a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice. We show herein that stable and functional films can be built in monolayers at the air-water interface by spreading aqueous suspensions of purified and native PM patches. In situ spectroscopic measurements at the air-water interface indicate that bR remains photoactive in this environment. Physical parameters of these PM films, such as protein molecular area, irreversible in-plane aggregation, z-axis orientation, film thickness, and surface roughness, were determined from surface pressure and surface potential-area isotherms, fluorescence spectroscopy, and X-ray reflectivity at the air-water interface. We find that PM do form organized monolayers of membranes, with an optimal packing density at a surface pressure of approximately 20 mN/m, although no preferential vectorial alignment, with respect to the plane normal to the membrane, can be detected from fluorescence quenching experiments. C1 Univ Laval, CHUQ, Ctr Rech, Unite Rech Ophthalmol, Quebec City, PQ G1V 4G2, Canada. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Quebec, Dept Chim Biol, GREIB, Trois Rivieres, PQ G9A 5H7, Canada. RP Salesse, C (reprint author), Univ Laval, CHUQ, Ctr Rech, Unite Rech Ophthalmol, Quebec City, PQ G1V 4G2, Canada. EM christian.salesse@crchul.ulaval.ca RI Vaknin, David/B-3302-2009 OI Vaknin, David/0000-0002-0899-9248 NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD FEB 3 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 3 BP 934 EP 940 DI 10.1021/la0356147 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 769QE UT WOS:000188660600058 PM 15773126 ER PT J AU Wechsler, T Chen, BPC Harper, R Morotomi-Yano, K Huang, BCB Meek, K Cleaver, JE Chen, DJ Wabl, M AF Wechsler, T Chen, BPC Harper, R Morotomi-Yano, K Huang, BCB Meek, K Cleaver, JE Chen, DJ Wabl, M TI DNA-PKcs function regulated specifically by protein phosphatase 5 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID KINASE CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; COMBINED IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY; V(D)J RECOMBINATION; SERINE/THREONINE PHOSPHATASE; SCID MUTATION; AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION; INTERACTS; COMPLEX; REPAIR; P53 AB Unrepaired DNA double-strand breaks can lead to apoptosis or tumorigenesis. In mammals double-strand breaks are repaired mainly by nonhomologous end-joining mediated by the DNA-PK complex. The core protein of this complex, DNA-PKcs, is a DNA-dependent serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates protein targets as well as itself. Although the (auto)phosphorylation activity has been shown to be essential for repair of both random double-strand breaks and induced breaks at the immunoglobulin locus, the corresponding phosphatase has been elusive. In fact, to date, none of the putative phosphatases in DNA double-strand break repair has been identified. Here we show that protein phosphatase 5 interacts with DNA-PKcs and dephosphorylates with surprising specificity at least two functional sites. Cells with either hypo- or hyperphosphorylation of DNA-PKcs at these sites show increased radiation sensitivity. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Canc, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Pathobiol & Diagnost Invest, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Rigel Pharamaceut Inc, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. RP Cleaver, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM mutator@itsa.ucsf.edu; djchen@lbl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50519, CA86936, P01 CA092584, P01-CA 92584, R01 CA050519, R01 CA086936, R37 CA050519]; NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG020684, AG20684]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI048758]; NIEHS NIH HHS [1 R01 ES8061, R01 ES008061] NR 31 TC 84 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 3 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 5 BP 1247 EP 1252 DI 10.1073/pnas.0307765100 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 771QD UT WOS:000188796800028 PM 14734805 ER PT J AU Callebaut, H Kumar, S Williams, BS Hu, Q Reno, JL AF Callebaut, H Kumar, S Williams, BS Hu, Q Reno, JL TI Importance of electron-impurity scattering for electron transport in terahertz quantum-cascade lasers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; WELLS; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS AB Using an ensemble Monte Carlo simulation, including both electron-electron and electron-phonon scattering as well as electron-impurity scattering, the current density, population inversion, electron temperature, and gain in two THz quantum-cascade structures are investigated and compared to measurements. We find that the inclusion of electron-impurity scattering in the calculations is crucial when modeling the intersubband transport dynamics in these devices. However, the calculated gain is higher than inferred from experiments. This can be attributed to wavefunction localization caused by dephasing scattering, which is unaccounted for in the present model.(C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1123, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Callebaut, H (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM qhu@mit.edu RI Williams, Benjamin/B-4494-2013 OI Williams, Benjamin/0000-0002-6241-8336 NR 16 TC 86 Z9 88 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 5 BP 645 EP 647 DI 10.1063/1.1644337 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 767WX UT WOS:000188497800001 ER PT J AU Edge, LF Schlom, DG Chambers, SA Cicerrella, E Freeouf, JL Hollander, B Schubert, J AF Edge, LF Schlom, DG Chambers, SA Cicerrella, E Freeouf, JL Hollander, B Schubert, J TI Measurement of the band offsets between amorphous LaAlO3 and silicon SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH-K DIELECTRICS; SRTIO3/SI(001) HETEROJUNCTIONS; PRECISE DETERMINATION; GATE OXIDES; FILMS AB The conduction and valence band offsets between amorphous LaAlO3 and silicon have been determined from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. These films, which are free of interfacial SiO2, were made by molecular-beam deposition. The band line-up is type I with measured band offsets of 1.8+/-0.2 eV for electrons and 3.2+/-0.1 eV for holes. The band offsets are independent of the doping concentration in the silicon substrate as well as the amorphous LaAlO3 film thickness. These amorphous LaAlO3 films have a bandgap of 6.2+/-0.1 eV. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Schichten & Grenzflachen ISGI IT, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Forschungszentrum Julich, Ctr Nanoelect Syst Informat, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Edge, LF (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM schlom@ems.psu.edu RI Schlom, Darrell/J-2412-2013; Schubert, Jurgen/K-9543-2013 OI Schlom, Darrell/0000-0003-2493-6113; Schubert, Jurgen/0000-0003-0185-6794 NR 20 TC 139 Z9 141 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 5 BP 726 EP 728 DI 10.1063/1.1644055 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 767WX UT WOS:000188497800028 ER PT J AU Zhao, T Ogale, SB Shinde, SR Ramesh, R Droopad, R Yu, J Eisenbeiser, K Misewich, J AF Zhao, T Ogale, SB Shinde, SR Ramesh, R Droopad, R Yu, J Eisenbeiser, K Misewich, J TI Colossal magnetoresistive manganite-based ferroelectric field-effect transistor on Si SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MIXED-VALENT MANGANITES; PHASE-SEPARATION; THIN-FILMS; DOPED MANGANITES; HETEROSTRUCTURES; PHYSICS AB An all-perovskite ferroelectric field-effect transistor with a ferroelectric Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O-3 (PZT) gate and a colossal magnetoresistive La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 (LCMO) channel has been successfully fabricated by pulsed-laser deposition on Si. A clear and square channel resistivity hysteresis loop, commensurate with the ferroelectric hysteresis loop of PZT, is observed. A maximum modulation of 20% after an electric field poling of 1.5x10(5) V/cm, and 50% under a magnetic field of 1 T, are achieved near the metal-insulator transition temperature of the LCMO channel. A data retention time of at least one day is measured. The effects of electric and magnetic fields on the LCMO channel resistance are discussed within the framework of phase separation scenario. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Maryland, Mat Res Sci & Engn Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Motorola Labs, Phys Sci Res Labs, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhao, T (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Mat Res Sci & Engn Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM tongzhao@wam.umd.edu; rr136@umail.umd.edu NR 23 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 5 BP 750 EP 752 DI 10.1063/1.1644321 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 767WX UT WOS:000188497800036 ER PT J AU Hanna, MC Micic, OI Seong, MJ Ahrenkiel, SP Nedeljkovic, JM Nozik, AJ AF Hanna, MC Micic, OI Seong, MJ Ahrenkiel, SP Nedeljkovic, JM Nozik, AJ TI GaInP2 overgrowth and passivation of colloidal InP nanocrystals using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-DOT COMPOSITES; GROWTH; FILMS AB We have used metalorganic chemical vapor deposition to deposit thin GaInP2 passivating films on both isolated and close-packed arrays of colloidal InP/GaInP2 core-shell nanocrystals. Conformal GaInP2 layers of 10-20 nm were grown on the nanocrystals after organic capping molecule removal by a thermal annealing treatment. We show that the InP nanocrystals retain their crystallinity, shape and luminescence efficiency after being exposed to growth temperatures of 600 degreesC. The GaInP2 nanocrystal composite showed strong photoluminescences indicating effective passivation of surface states. In close-packed nanocrystal arrays, the emission band is redshifted compared to films of isolated nanocrystals indicating electron coupling between dots embedded in GaInP2. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Hanna, MC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM mark_hanna@nrel.gov RI Nozik, Arthur/A-1481-2012; Nozik, Arthur/P-2641-2016 NR 11 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 5 BP 780 EP 782 DI 10.1063/1.1644620 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 767WX UT WOS:000188497800046 ER PT J AU Li, M Espenson, JH AF Li, M Espenson, JH TI Kinetic study of epoxidations by urea-hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by methyltrioxorhenium(VII) on niobia SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS A-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE epoxidation; methyltfioxorhenium(VII); urea-hydrogen peroxide ID MAIN-GROUP ELEMENTS; VANADIUM-OXIDE CATALYSTS; TRANSITION-METALS; MULTIPLE BONDS; METHYLRHENIUM TRIOXIDE; ALKYLRHENIUM OXIDES; OLEFIN METATHESIS; SPECTROSCOPY; REACTIVITY; MECHANISMS AB Relative rates were measured for the heterogeneous epoxidation of olefins with urea-hydrogen peroxide (UHP) in CDCl3 catalyzed by MeReO3 on Nb2O5. The rates are more selective than those in homogeneous MTO-H2O2 solutions. The reactivity orders among the alkenes are cis > trans and electron-rich > electron-poor. A molecular structure has been proposed for the active rhenium species which allows the rate differences lobe explained in terms of energy gap between the alkene occupied pi(C-C) and unoccupied sigma*(O-O) of the peroxorhenium moiety. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Espenson, JH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, 25 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 40 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-1169 J9 J MOL CATAL A-CHEM JI J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem. PD FEB 2 PY 2004 VL 208 IS 1-2 BP 123 EP 128 DI 10.1016/S1381-1169(03)00517-X PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 759EW UT WOS:000187726200016 ER PT J AU Franz, JA Kolwaite, DS Linehan, JC Rosenberg, E AF Franz, JA Kolwaite, DS Linehan, JC Rosenberg, E TI Comparison of hydrogen atom abstraction rates of terminal and bridging hydrides in triosmium clusters: Absolute abstraction rate constants for benzyl radical SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL HYDRIDES; CARBONYL SUBSTITUTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COMPLEXES; BOND; MECHANISM; SPECTRA; OSMIUM AB Absolute rate constants for hydrogen atom abstraction by benzyl radical from Os-3(mu-H)(2)(CO)(9)PPh3 (1), OS3(mu-H)(H)(CO)(10)PPh3 (2), OS3(u-H)(CO9)(mu(3)-eta(2)-C9H6N) (3), Os-3(mu-H)(CO9)(mu-eta(2)-C9H6N PPh3) (4), and Os-3(mu-H)(CO10)(mu-eta(2)-C9H6N) (5) were determined in benzene by competition of the abstraction reaction with the self-termination of benzyl radical. Thus, experimental values of k(abs)/k(t)(1/2) were combined with rate constants for self-termination of benzyl radical in benzene from the expression In(2k(t)/M-1 s(-1) = 27.23 - 2952.4/RT), RT in cal/mol, to give absolute rate constants for abstraction, k(abs) : for Os-3(mu-H)(2)(CO)(9)PPh3 (1) in benzene, log(k(abs)/M-1 s(-1)) = (9.40 +/- 0.30) - (8.11 +/- 0.47)/theta; for Os-3(mu-H)(H)(CO)(10)PPh3 (2) log(k(abs)M(-1) s(-1)) = (8.08 +/- 0.33) - (4.32 +/- 0.1)/theta; for Os-3(mu-H)(CO)(9)(eta(3)-eta(2)-C9H6N) (3) log(k(abs)/ M-1 s(-1)) = (10.1 +/- 2) - (10.5 +/- 3)/theta; and for Os-3(mu-H)(CO9)(mu-eta(2)-C9H6N)(PPh3) (5) log(k(abs)/ M-1 s(-1)) = (7.0 +/- 0.27) - (4.25 +/- 0.41)/theta, 0 = 2.303RT kcal/mol. The terminal hydride on the Os-3 cluster 2 is about 10 times more reactive than the bridging hydride in 1. The results show that while mu-H bridging retards the rate of hydrogen abstraction relative to terminal hydrogen, the bridging hydrogen remains appreciably reactive in the mu-H form. In fact, one of the fastest rates observed was for the bridging hydride in 4, Os-3(mu-H)(CO10)(mu-eta(2)-C9H6N). The 293 K rate constant for hydrogen atom abstraction from this electron-rich cluster, 5 2 x 10(4) M-1 s(-1), is almost as fast as that for the terminal hydrogen atom cluster, 2, Os-3(mu-H)(H)(CO)(10)PPh3, k(abs),(298 K) = 8.2 x 10(4) M-1 s(-1). The rate constant for hydrogen atom abstraction by benzyl radical from the Os-3 clusters appears to increase with electron-rich osmium clusters and decrease with increasing steric bulk of the ligands. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT USA. RP Rosenberg, E (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD FEB 2 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 3 BP 441 EP 445 DI 10.1021/om0342255 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 768FW UT WOS:000188533800021 ER PT J AU Curtis, CJ Miedaner, A Raebiger, JW DuBois, DL AF Curtis, CJ Miedaner, A Raebiger, JW DuBois, DL TI Periodic trends in metal hydride donor thermodynamics: Measurement and comparison of the hydride donor abilities of the series HM(PNP)(2)(+) (M = Ni, Pd, Pt; PNP = Et2PCH2N(Me)CH2PEt2) SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID RUTHENIUM HYDRIDE; FORMYL COMPLEXES; HYDROGEN; REACTIVITY; MOLYBDENUM; PROTON; BOND; POTENTIALS; CATALYSIS; ENERGIES AB The complexes M(PNP)(2)(2+) (M = Pd, Pt, PNP = Et2PCH2N(Me)CH2PEt2) were synthesized by addition of PNP to Pd(CH3CN)(4)(BF4)(2) and (COD)PtCl2, respectively. Pd(PNP)(2) was synthesized by reaction of Pd(PNP)(2)(2+) with H-2 and tetramethylguanidine (TMG) in CH3CN. The thermodynamic hydride donor ability, DeltaGdegrees(H)(-), for HPt(PNP)(2)(+) (54.7 kcal/mol) was measured by heterolytic cleavage of hydrogen in the presence of NEt3 in CH3CN. The hydride donor ability of HPd(PNP)(2)(+) (51.1 kcal/mol) was determined by measuring the equilibrium constant for direct hydride transfer to Pt(PNP)(2)(2+). The M(II) complexes undergo reversible, two-electron reductions in benzonitrile. The measured reduction potentials were used in a thermodynamic cycle to estimate pK(a) values of 22.1 and 27.6 for deprotonation of HPd(PNP)(2)(+) and HPt(PNP)(2)(+), respectively. The palladium hydride has an acidity equal to that of the nickel hydride and is a better hydride donor than both the nickel and platinum analogues. This shows that it is possible for transition metal hydrides to act simultaneously as both acids and hydride donors. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Curtis, CJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM calvin_curtis@nrel.gov NR 24 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD FEB 2 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 3 BP 511 EP 516 DI 10.1021/om0342816 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 768FW UT WOS:000188533800030 ER PT J AU Hanson, BL Langan, P Katz, AK Li, XM Harp, JM Glusker, JP Schoenborn, BP Bunick, GJ AF Hanson, BL Langan, P Katz, AK Li, XM Harp, JM Glusker, JP Schoenborn, BP Bunick, GJ TI A preliminary time-of-flight neutron diffraction study of Streptomyces rubiginosus D-xylose isomerase SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ALDOSE-KETOSE INTERCONVERSION; TRANSITION-STATE ANALOG; X-RAY DATA; LAUE DIFFRACTION; DATA-COLLECTION; MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; URIDINE VANADATE; ACTIVE-SITE; MECHANISM AB The metalloenzyme D-xylose isomerase forms well ordered crystals that diffract X-rays to ultrahigh resolution (<1 &ANGS;). However, structural analysis using X-ray diffraction data has as yet been unable to differentiate between several postulated mechanisms that describe the catalytic activity of this enzyme. Neutrons, with their greater scattering sensitivity to H atoms, could help to resolve this by determining the protonation states within the active site of the enzyme. As the first step in the process of investigating the mechanism of action of D-xylose isomerase from Streptomyces rubiginosus using neutron diffraction, data to better than 2.0 &ANGS; were measured from the unliganded protein at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center Protein Crystallography Station. Measurement of these neutron diffraction data represents several milestones: this is one of the largest biological molecules (a tetramer, MW &SIME; 160 000 Da, with unit-cell lengths around 100 &ANGS;) ever studied at high resolution using neutron diffraction. It is also one of the first proteins to be studied using time-of-flight techniques. The success of the initial diffraction experiments with D-xylose isomerase demonstrate the power of spallation neutrons for protein crystallography and should provide further impetus for neutron diffraction studies of biologically active and significant proteins. Further data will be measured from the enzyme with bound substrates and inhibitors in order to provide the specific information needed to clarify the catalytic mechanism of this enzyme. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. RP Bunick, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gjbunick@utk.edu RI Hanson, Bryant Leif/F-8007-2010; li, xinmin/C-6173-2011; Langan, Paul/N-5237-2015 OI Hanson, Bryant Leif/0000-0003-0345-3702; Langan, Paul/0000-0002-0247-3122 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-06927, CA-10925]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-29818] NR 47 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 60 BP 241 EP 249 DI 10.1107/S0907444903025873 PN 2 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 767FE UT WOS:000188428900004 PM 14747699 ER PT J AU Hunt, WH Herling, DR AF Hunt, WH Herling, DR TI Metal matrix composites SO ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES LA English DT Article AB Metal matrix composites have been applied in areas that can cost-effectively capitalize on improvements in specific stiffness, specific strength, fatigue resistance, wear resistance, and coefficient of thermal expansion. C1 Aluminum Consultants Grp Inc, Murrysville, PA 15668 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hunt, WH (reprint author), Aluminum Consultants Grp Inc, 4530 William Penn Highway, Murrysville, PA 15668 USA. EM whh2@earthlink.net; darrell.herling@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 0882-7958 J9 ADV MATER PROCESS JI Adv. Mater. Process. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 162 IS 2 BP 39 EP 42 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 773BW UT WOS:000188878700005 ER PT J AU Lichtner, PC AF Lichtner, PC TI Comment on "Coupled reactive mass transport and fluid flow: issues in model verification" by Freedman and lbaraki SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lichtner, PC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, SM-30 Bikini Atoll Rd, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lichtner@lanl.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 27 IS 2 BP 203 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2003.11.004 PG 2 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 778FC UT WOS:000189227900009 ER PT J AU Cahill, TA Cliff, SS Perry, KD Jimenez-Cruz, M Bench, G Grant, P Ueda, D Shackelford, JF Dunlap, M Meier, M Kelly, PB Riddle, S Selco, J Leifer, R AF Cahill, TA Cliff, SS Perry, KD Jimenez-Cruz, M Bench, G Grant, P Ueda, D Shackelford, JF Dunlap, M Meier, M Kelly, PB Riddle, S Selco, J Leifer, R TI Analysis of aerosols from the World Trade Center collapse site, New York, October 2 to October 30, 2001 SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; UNITED-STATES; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; VISIBILITY; IMPACTOR; SIZE; PARTICLES; SAMPLES; MASS AB The collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) buildings #2 (South Tower), #1 (North Tower), and #7 created an enormous collapse pile which emitted intense plumes of acrid smoke and dust until roughly mid-December, when the last spontaneous surface fire occurred. We collected particles by size (8 modes, approximate to 12 to 0.09 micrometers diameter) and time (typical resolution of 1 to 3 h) from October 2 until late December at the EML 201 Varick Street site roughly 1.8 km NNE of the collapse site and 50 m above ground level. Here we show some of the 70,000 mass and elemental data from the time period October 2 through October 30. Identification of a WTC collapse pile source for aerosols seen at the receptor site were based upon the simultaneous presence of finely powdered concrete, gypsum, and glass with intense very fine combustion mode mass episodes concurrent with winds from the southwest quadrant. The results, derived from seven independent beam-based analytical techniques, showed that while PM(10) and PM(2.5) 24 h values rarely, if ever, violated federal air quality standards, WTC-derived plumes swept over lower Manhattan Island, resulting in intense aerosol impacts of duration a few hours at any one site. The WTC plume resembled in many ways those seen from municipal waste incinerators and high temperatures processes in coal-fired power plants. The size fractions above 1 micrometer contained finely powdered concrete, gypsum, and glass, with sootlike coatings and anthropogenic metals, but little asbestos. Composition in the very fine size range (0.26 > D(p) > 0.09 mum) was dominated by sulfuric acid and organic matter, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, and glasslike silicon-containing aerosols. Many metals were seen in this mode, most, but not all, at low concentrations. The concentrations of very fine silicon, sulfur, and many metals, as well as coarse anthropogenic metals, decreased markedly during October, probably in association with the cooling of the collapse piles. Values of very fine elements seen in May, 2002 at the WTC site were only a few percent of October values. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, DELTRA Grp, Davis, CA 95616 USA. US DOE, Environm Measurements Lab, New York, NY 10014 USA. Univ Redlands, Redlands, CA 92373 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Meteorol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Cahill, TA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, DELTRA Grp, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM tacahill@ucdavis.edu NR 39 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 38 IS 2 BP 165 EP 183 DI 10.1080/02786820490250836 PG 19 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 746YP UT WOS:000186776800002 ER PT J AU Balode, D Ferdats, A Dievberna, I Viksna, L Rozentale, B Kolupajeva, T Konicheva, V Leitner, T AF Balode, D Ferdats, A Dievberna, I Viksna, L Rozentale, B Kolupajeva, T Konicheva, V Leitner, T TI Rapid epidemic spread of HIV type 1 subtype A1 among intravenous drug users in Latvia and slower spread of subtype B among other risk groups SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID FORMER SOVIET-UNION; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; SOUTHERN UKRAINE; RECOMBINANT; STRAIN; RUSSIA; COUNTRIES; OUTBREAK; VIRUSES AB To investigate the rapid HIV epidemic in Latvia, 97 newly detected individuals were sampled in 2000-2001. To establish the molecular epidemiology we sequenced the env V3 and gag p17 regions of the HIV genome and compared them with reference sequences using phylogenetic analyses. As expected, the vast majority (n = 88; 91%) were intravenous drug users (IDUs) from the Riga region. Also, the majority of the investigated individuals (n = 93; 96%) were found to carry a subtype A1 virus that may have entered the Latvian IDU population several times. In addition, one IDU was infected with CRF03_AB and three other individuals, who had been infected through sexual contacts, carried subtype B virus. Thus, subtype A1 dominate's the Latvian epidemic and is strongly associated with the IDU risk group. Although some spread of subtype A1 has occurred in the heterosexual group, subtype B dominates among homosexually and heterosexually infected individuals. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp T10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Swedish Inst Infect Dis Control, Dept Virol, SE-17182 Solna, Sweden. Karolinska Inst, Ctr Microbiol & Tumor Biol, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. AIDS Prevent Ctr, LV-1012 Riga, Latvia. Publ Hlth Agcy, Dept Virol, LV-1012 Riga, Latvia. Infectol Ctr Latvia, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia. RP Leitner, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp T10, MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tkl@lanl.gov NR 29 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 20 IS 2 BP 245 EP 249 DI 10.1089/088922204773004978 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 778UR UT WOS:000189260200015 PM 15018713 ER PT J AU Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Chang, L Miller, E Sedler, M Hitzemann, R Zhu, W Logan, J Ma, YM Fowler, JS AF Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Chang, L Miller, E Sedler, M Hitzemann, R Zhu, W Logan, J Ma, YM Fowler, JS TI Partial recovery of brain metabolism in methamphetamine abusers after protracted abstinence SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP) CY DEC 08-12, 2002 CL SAN JUAN, PR SP Amer Coll Neuropsychopharmacol ID USERS; RAT; NEUROTOXICITY; AMPHETAMINE; IMPAIRMENT; ADDICTION; NEURONS; PET AB objective: Methamphetamine is a highly addictive drug of abuse that is neurotoxic to dopamine terminals, The authors recently reported that decreases in dopamine transporters (used as markers of dopamine terminals) in the striatum of methamphetamine abusers recover with protracted abstinence and that relative to comparison subjects, recently detoxified methamphetamine abusers have lower metabolism in the striatum and thalamus. in this study, the authors assessed whether metabolism recovers with protracted abstinence. Method: Brain glucose metabolism was measured with positron emission tomography and [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose in five methamphetamine abusers who were evaluated after both a short (6 months) and protracted (12-1-7 months) abstinence interval, eight methamphetamine abusers tested only after protracted abstinence, and 11 comparison subjects who were not drug users. Results: Significantly greater thalamic, but not striatal, metabolism was seen following protracted abstinence relative to metabolism assessed after a short abstinence interval, and this increase was associated with improved performance in motor and verbal memory tests. Relative to the comparison subjects, the methamphetamine abusers tested after protracted abstinence had lower metabolism in the striatum (most accentuated in the caudate and nucleus accumbens) but not in the thalamus. Conclusions: The persistent decreases in striatal metabolism in methamphetamine abusers could reflect long-lasting changes in dopamine cell activity, and decreases in the nucleus accumbens could account for the persistence of amotivation and anhedonia in detoxified methamphetamine abusers. The recovery of thalamic metabolism could reflect adaptation responses to compensate for the dopamine deficits, and the associated improvement in neuropsychological performance further indicates its functional significance. These results suggest that while protracted abstinence may reverse some of the methamphetamine-induced alterations in brain function, other deficits persist. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Radiol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychiat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Behav Neurosci, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Wang, GJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM gjwang@bnl.gov FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-00425, RR-10710]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA-00280, DA-7092-01] NR 27 TC 120 Z9 124 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 161 IS 2 BP 242 EP 248 DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.242 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 818WT UT WOS:000221275900009 PM 14754772 ER PT J AU Baltrus, JP AF Baltrus, JP TI PITTCON (R): Providing solutions for better chemistry for 55 years SO AMERICAN LABORATORY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Ctr, Chem & Surface Sci Div, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Baltrus, JP (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Ctr, Chem & Surface Sci Div, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM beltrus2@pittcon.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SCIENTIFIC COMMUN INC PI SHELTON PA PO BOX 870, 30 CONTROLS DRIVE, SHELTON, CT 06484-0870 USA SN 0044-7749 J9 AM LAB JI Am. Lab. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 36 IS 3 BP 10 EP 11 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 779AW UT WOS:000189274300002 ER PT J AU Kubo, T Ohtani, E Funakoshi, K AF Kubo, T Ohtani, E Funakoshi, K TI Nucleation and growth kinetics of the alpha-beta transformation in Mg2SiO4 determined by in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID OLIVINE-SPINEL TRANSFORMATION; SAN-CARLOS-OLIVINE; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; EXPERIMENTAL CONSTRAINTS; SUBDUCTING LITHOSPHERE; OCEANIC LITHOSPHERE; DEEP EARTHQUAKES; UPPER-MANTLE; PRESSURE; WADSLEYITE AB The kinetics of the a-P transformation in Mg2SiO4 was studied by in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) at nine pressure-temperature conditions in the ranges 13.4-15.8 GPa and 850-1100 degreesC. The transformation from olivine occurred by grain-boundary nucleation and interface-controlled growth mechanisms. Infrared analysis of the recovered samples indicates that a small amount of water, 750 +/-100 ppm by weight, was present in the samples although the experiments were carried out under nominally dry conditions. Nucleation and growth rates were determined by fitting the rate equation for the grain-boundary nucleated transformation to the kinetic data. The activation energy and activation volume for growth were estimated to be 348 (137) kJ/mol and 1.7 (4.5) cm(3)/mol, respectively. The growth kinetics determined in this study bear upon the field of metastable olivine in the subducting slab as the water contents of samples studied are well known. Nucleation rates were estimated to be relatively large, even at small overpressure conditions, which is consistent with the small activation energy for nucleation derived in this study. C1 Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Inst Mineral Petrol & Econ Geol, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. RP Kubo, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kubo2@11n1.gov NR 44 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 11 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 EIGHTEENTH ST, NW SUITE 601, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD FEB-MAR PY 2004 VL 89 IS 2-3 BP 285 EP 293 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 776HU UT WOS:000189111200005 ER PT J AU Luo, SN Tschauner, O Asimow, PD Ahrens, TJ AF Luo, SN Tschauner, O Asimow, PD Ahrens, TJ TI A new dense silica polymorph: A possible link between tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated silica SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE-INDUCED TRANSFORMATIONS; LOWER-MANTLE PRESSURES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; METEORITE SHERGOTTY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ALPHA-QUARTZ; SIO2; STISHOVITE; TEMPERATURE AB We present the discovery of a novel dense silica polymorph retrieved from shock-wave and diamond-anvil cell experiments. This polymorph is the first observed silicate composed of face-sharing polyhedra and it has a density similar to stishovite. Sterical constraints on the bond angles induce an intrinsic disorder of Si positions, such that the Si-coordination is transitional between four- and sixfold. The structure provides a mechanism for this coordination change in silica and other silicates at high temperature that is fundamentally different from mechanisms at 300 K. The new polymorph also illustrates how the face-sharing polyhedra, naturally occurring along previously proposed compression mechanisms for dense silicate melts, can be constructed without inferring unphysically small bond angles. C1 CALTECH, Lindhurst Lab Expt Geophys, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Univ Nevada, High Pressure Sci & Engn Ctr, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP CALTECH, Lindhurst Lab Expt Geophys, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM olivert@physics.unlv.edu RI Asimow, Paul/E-7451-2010; Luo, Sheng-Nian /D-2257-2010 OI Asimow, Paul/0000-0001-6025-8925; Luo, Sheng-Nian /0000-0002-7538-0541 NR 37 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 14 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X EI 1945-3027 J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD FEB-MAR PY 2004 VL 89 IS 2-3 BP 455 EP 461 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 776HU UT WOS:000189111200027 ER PT J AU Dwivedi, P Matz, LM Atkinson, DA Hill, HH AF Dwivedi, P Matz, LM Atkinson, DA Hill, HH TI Electrospray ionization-ion mobility spectrometry: a rapid analytical method for aqueous nitrate and nitrite analysis SO ANALYST LA English DT Article ID WATER; CHROMATOGRAPHY; SAMPLES AB This paper reports the first example of electrospray ionization (ESI) for the separation and detection of anions in aqueous solutions by ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). Standard solutions of arsenate, phosphate, sulfate, nitrate, nitrite, chloride, formate, and acetate were analyzed using ESI-IMS and distinct peak patterns and reduced mobility constants (KO) were observed for respective anions. Real world water samples were analyzed for nitrate and nitrite to determine the feasibility of using ESI-IMS as a rapid analytical method for monitoring nitrate and nitrite in water systems. The data showed satisfactory correlation between the measured value (similar to0.16 ppm) and the reported maximum nitrate-nitrogen concentration (0.2 ppm) found in a local drinking water system. For on-site measurement applications, direct sample introduction and air as an alternate drift gas to nitrogen were evaluated. The identities of the nitrite and nitrate mobility peaks were verified by comparison of reduced mobility constants with mass identified nitrate and nitrite ions reported in literature. In the mixing ratio, a linear dynamic range of 3 orders of magnitude and instrument detection limits of 10 ppb for nitrate and 40 ppb for nitrite were obtained. The calibration curves showed r(2) value of 0.98 and slope of 0.06 for nitrate and r(2) value of 0.99 and slope of 0.11 for nitrite. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Dept Chem, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Hill, HH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM hhhill@wsu.edu NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 14 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0003-2654 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PD FEB PY 2004 VL 129 IS 2 BP 139 EP 144 DI 10.1039/b311098b PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 779MC UT WOS:000189303500011 PM 14752557 ER PT J AU Shen, Y Tolic, N Masselon, C Pasa-Tolic, L Camp II, DG Lipton, MS Anderson, GA Smith, RD AF Shen, Y Tolic, N Masselon, C Pasa-Tolic, L Camp II, DG Lipton, MS Anderson, GA Smith, RD TI Nanoscale proteomics SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE LC; NanoLC; NanoESI; LC/MS; LC/MS/MS; proteomics ID RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY; LASER CAPTURE MICRODISSECTION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ACCURATE MASS; IN-VIVO; IONIZATION; PROGRESSION; PEPTIDE; EXPRESSION AB Efforts to develop a liquid chromatography (LC)/mass spectrometry (MS) technology for ultra-sensitive proteomics studies (i.e., nanoscale proteomics) are described. The approach combines high-efficiency nanoscale LC (separation peak capacity of approximate to10(3); 15-mum-i.d. packed capillaries with flow rates of 20 nL min(-1), the optimal separation linear velocity) with advanced MS, including high-sensitivity and high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS, to perform both single-stage MS and tandem MS (MS/MS) proteomic analyses. The technology enables broad protein identification from nanogram-size proteomics samples and allows the characterization of more abundant proteins from sub-picogram-size samples. Protein identification in such studies using MS is demonstrated from <75 zeptomole of a protein. The average proteome measurement throughput is similar to50 proteins h(-1) using MS/MS during separations, presently requiring approximately 3 h sample(-1). Greater throughput (similar to300 proteins h(-1)) and improved detection limits providing more comprehensive proteome coverage can be obtained by using the "accurate mass and time" tag approach developed in our laboratory. This approach provides a dynamic range of at least 10(6) for protein relative abundances and an improved basis for quantitation. These capabilities lay the foundation for studies from single or limited numbers of cells. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rds@pnl.gov RI Masselon, Christophe/A-2340-2010; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 86340] NR 32 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 378 IS 4 BP 1037 EP 1045 DI 10.1007/s00216-003-2329-8 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 777TV UT WOS:000189194800023 PM 14647945 ER PT J AU Chan, JW Esposito, AP Talley, CE Hollars, CW Lane, SM Huser, T AF Chan, JW Esposito, AP Talley, CE Hollars, CW Lane, SM Huser, T TI Reagentless identification of single bacterial spores in aqueous solution by confocal laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE SPECTRUM ANALYZER; UV RESONANCE RAMAN; PROTEIN DISTRIBUTION; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; OPTICAL TWEEZERS; BIOLOGICAL CELLS; PARTICLES; MICROSPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATION; MICROSCOPY AB We demonstrate that optical trapping combined with confocal Raman spectroscopy using a single laser source is a powerful tool for the rapid identification of micrometersized particles in an aqueous environment. Optical trapping immobilizes the particle while maintaining it in the center of the laser beam path and within the laser focus, thus maximizing the collection of its Raman signals. The single particle is completely isolated from other particles and substrate surfaces, therefore eliminating any unwanted background signals and ensuring that information is collected only from the selected, individual particle. In this work, an inverted confocal Raman microscope is combined with optical trapping to probe and analyze bacterial spores in solution. Rapid, reagentless detection and identification of bacterial spores with no false positives from a complex mixed sample containing polystyrene and silica beads in aqueous suspension is demonstrated. In addition, the technique is used to analyze the relative concentration of each type of particle in the mixture. Our results show the feasibility for incorporating this technique in combination with a flow cytometric-type scheme in which the intrinsic Raman signatures of the particles are used instead of or in addition to fluorescent labels to identify cells, bacteria, and particles in a wide range of applications. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, NSF Ctr Biophoton Sci & Technol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Chan, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Huser, Thomas/H-1195-2012; Chan, James/J-3829-2014 OI Huser, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7416; NR 39 TC 111 Z9 114 U1 3 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 76 IS 3 BP 599 EP 603 DI 10.1021/ac0350155 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 772CW UT WOS:000188823900019 PM 14750852 ER PT J AU Sharp, JS Becker, JM Hettich, RL AF Sharp, JS Becker, JM Hettich, RL TI Analysis of protein solvent accessible surfaces by photochemical oxidation and mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BOVINE BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN; HYDROXYL RADICAL PROBE; X-RAY RADIOLYSIS; SYNCHROTRON RADIOLYSIS; CHEMICAL-MODIFICATIONS; HYDROGEN-EXCHANGE; APOMYOGLOBIN; IDENTIFICATION; RESOLUTION; LYSOZYME AB Protein surfaces are important in most biological processes, including protein-protein interactions, enzymatic catalysis, and protein-ligand binding. We report a method in which hydroxyl radicals generated by a rapid-UV irradiation of a 15% hydrogen peroxide solution were utilized to oxidize specific amino acid side chains of two model proteins Qysozyme, beta-lactoglobulin A), according to the residues' chemical reactivities and the solvent accessibility of the reactive carbons and sulfurs in the residue. Oxidized peptides generated by tryptic digestion were identified by electrospray-Fourier transform mass spectrometry. The specific sites of the stable modification were then identified by reverse-phase liquid chromatography coupled to quadropole ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. The solvent accessibility of the residue was shown to directly affect the rate of oxidation by this method (with the exception of methionine), supporting its use as a rapid measure of the solvent accessibility of specific residues, and in some cases, individual atoms. C1 Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hettich, RL (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, 1060 Commerce Pk, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM hettichrl@ornl.gov RI Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016 OI Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X NR 48 TC 122 Z9 126 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 76 IS 3 BP 672 EP 683 DI 10.1021/ac0302004 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 772CW UT WOS:000188823900029 PM 14750862 ER PT J AU Bader, AN Grubor, NM Ariese, F Gooijer, C Jankowiak, R Small, GJ AF Bader, AN Grubor, NM Ariese, F Gooijer, C Jankowiak, R Small, GJ TI Probing the interaction of benzo[a]pyrene adducts and metabolites with monoclonal antibodies using fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DNA-ADDUCTS; COMPLEXES; ELECTROPHORESIS; IDENTIFICATION; TEMPERATURE; BIOSENSORS; EXPOSURE; URINE AB A new approach for studying antibody-antigen interactions of DNA adducts and metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is demonstrated in which fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy (FLNS) is used. It is based on the fact that in an FLN spectrum the relative intensities of the line-narrowed bands (that correspond to the excited-state vibrations) are, in general, strongly dependent on the local environment of the fluorophore. Information on the nature of the interactions can be obtained by comparing the FLN spectra of the antigen-antibody complexes to the spectra of the antigen in different types of solvents (H-bonding, aprotic, and pi-electron-containing solvent molecules) recorded under the same conditions. The antigens used were the DNA adduct 7-(benzo[a]pyren-6-yl)guanine (BP-6-N7Gua) and the metabolite (+)-trans-anti-7,8,9,10-benzo[a]pyrenetetrol (BP-tetrol) of benzo[a]pyrene; two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been developed to selectively bind these compounds. It is shown that, for BP-tetrol, H-bonding solvents have a pronounced effect on the FLN spectra. The presence of x electrons in the solvent molecules results in relatively small but still significant changes in the spectra. When BP-tetrol is bound to its MAb, however, neither of these effects is observed; its spectrum is very similar to the one obtained with an aprotic solvent, methylcyclohexane. Therefore, we can conclude that this MAb has an internal binding site in which the interaction with BP-tetrol is of a hydrophobic character. For BP-6-N7Gua, however, there is a strong effect of the presence of pi electrons in the solvent molecules. The FLN spectrum of this antigen bound to its MAb is very similar to its spectrum in acetone, indicating that pi-pi interactions play an important role in the binding. C1 Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Ctr Laser, Dept Analyt Chem & Appl Spectroscopy, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Iowa State Univ, US Dept Energy, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ariese, F (reprint author), Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Ctr Laser, Dept Analyt Chem & Appl Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM ariese@few.vu.nl OI Ariese, Freek/0000-0002-8756-7223 FU NCI NIH HHS [2P01 CA 49210-12] NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 76 IS 3 BP 761 EP 766 DI 10.1021/ac034548a PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 772CW UT WOS:000188823900040 PM 14750873 ER PT J AU Theisen, LA Martin, SJ Hillman, AR AF Theisen, LA Martin, SJ Hillman, AR TI A model for the quartz crystal microbalance frequency response to wetting characteristics of corrugated surfaces SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ACOUSTIC-WAVE SENSOR; LIQUID; ROUGHNESS; MORPHOLOGY; GAS; RESONATORS; CONTACT AB We consider the effect of surface roughness, and its unique wetting behavior, on the response of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) resonator operating in contact with a fluid. The rough surface is modeled as sinusoidally corrugated particular to the case of a fixed relationship between amplitude and periodicity, as would arise from polishing with monodisperse spherical particles. The penetration of fluid into the troughs of the corrugations and the resulting meniscus are determined as a competition between surface tension and compression of the trapped gas. Liquid contained below the corrugation peaks, but above the gas/liquid meniscus, is trapped and behaves as an ideal mass layer, contributing a frequency shift that adds to that arising from liquid entrainment. This model allows QCM responses on rough surfaces to be described as a function of liquid properties and contact angle. This permits responses on hydrophobic surfaces to be understood in terms of incomplete surface wetting. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Leicester, Dept Chem, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. RP Theisen, LA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ltheise@sandia.gov OI Hillman, Robert/0000-0003-1868-5717 NR 30 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 76 IS 3 BP 796 EP 804 DI 10.1021/ac034777x PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 772CW UT WOS:000188823900045 PM 14750878 ER PT J AU Yeager, CM Kornosky, JL Housman, DC Grote, EE Belnap, J Kuske, CR AF Yeager, CM Kornosky, JL Housman, DC Grote, EE Belnap, J Kuske, CR TI Diazotrophic community structure and function in two successional stages of biological soil crusts from the Colorado plateau and Chihuahuan desert SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; NITROGEN-FIXATION; NATIONAL MONUMENT; NIFH GENES; CYANOBACTERIA; DISTURBANCE; DIVERSITY; PCR; DNA; ASSEMBLAGES AB The objective of this study was to characterize the community structure and activity of N(2)-fixing microorganisms in mature and poorly developed biological soil crusts from both the Colorado Plateau and Chihuahuan Desert. Nitrogenase activity was approximately 10 and 2.5 times higher in mature crusts than in poorly developed crusts at the Colorado Plateau site and Chihuahuan Desert site, respectively. Analysis of nifH sequences by clone sequencing and the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism technique indicated that the crust diazotrophic community was 80 to 90% heterocystous cyanobacteria most closely related to Nostoc spp. and that the composition of N(2)-fixing species did not vary significantly between the poorly developed and mature crusts at either site. In contrast, the abundance of nifH sequences was approximately 7.5 times greater (per microgram of total DNA) in mature crusts than in poorly developed crusts at a given site as measured by quantitative PCR. 16S rRNA gene clone sequencing and microscopic analysis of the cyanobacterial community within both crust types demonstrated a transition from a Microcoleus vaginatus-dominated, poorly developed crust to mature crusts harboring a greater percentage of Nostoc and Seytonema spp. We hypothesize that ecological factors, such as soil instability and water stress, may constrain the growth of N(2)-fixing microorganisms at our study sites and that the transition to a mature, nitrogen-producing crust initially requires bioengineering of the surface microenvironment by Microcoleus vaginatus. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. US Geol Survey, Canyonlands Field Stn, Biol Resoures Div, Moab, UT USA. RP Kuske, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kuske@lanl.gov NR 50 TC 111 Z9 120 U1 4 U2 47 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 BP 973 EP 983 DI 10.1128/AEM.70.2.973-983.2004 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 772RK UT WOS:000188854900043 PM 14766579 ER PT J AU Hill, KK Ticknor, LO Okinaka, RT Asay, M Blair, H Bliss, KA Laker, M Pardington, PE Richardson, AP Tonks, M Beecher, DJ Kemp, JD Kolsto, AB Wong, ACL Keim, P Jackson, PJ AF Hill, KK Ticknor, LO Okinaka, RT Asay, M Blair, H Bliss, KA Laker, M Pardington, PE Richardson, AP Tonks, M Beecher, DJ Kemp, JD Kolsto, AB Wong, ACL Keim, P Jackson, PJ TI Fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis of Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus thuringiensis isolates SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIVERSITY AB DNA from over 300 Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis isolates was analyzed by fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). B. thuringiensis and B. cereus isolates were from diverse sources and locations, including soil, clinical isolates and food products causing diarrheal and emetic outbreaks, and type strains from the American Type Culture Collection, and over 200 B. thuringiensis isolates representing 36 serovars or subspecies were from the U.S. Department of Agriculture collection. Twenty-four diverse B. anthracis isolates were also included. Phylogenetic analysis of AFLP data revealed extensive diversity within B. thuringiensis and B. cereus compared to the monomorphic nature of B. anthracis. All of the B. anthracis strains were more closely related to each other than to any other Bacillus isolate, while B. cereus and B. thuringiensis strains populated the entire tree. Ten distinct branches were defined, with many branches containing both B. cereus and B. thuringiensis isolates. A single branch contained all the B. anthracis isolates plus an unusual B. thuringiensis isolate that is pathogenic in mice. In contrast, B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (ATCC 33679) and other isolates used to prepare insecticides mapped distal to the B. anthracis isolates. The interspersion of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis isolates within the phylogenetic tree suggests that phenotypic traits used to distinguish between these two species do not reflect the genomic content of the different isolates and that horizontal gene transfer plays an important role in establishing the phenotype of each of these microbes. B. thuringiensis isolates of a particular subspecies tended to cluster together. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Decis Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Fed Bur Invest Acad, Quantico, VA 22135 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Entomol Plant Pathol & Weed Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Univ Oslo, Inst Pharm, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Univ Wisconsin, Inst Food Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA. No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Jackson, PJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pjjackson@lanl.gov RI Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010 NR 25 TC 123 Z9 127 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 BP 1068 EP 1080 DI 10.1128/AEM.70.2.1068-1080.2004 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 772RK UT WOS:000188854900054 PM 14766590 ER PT J AU Zheng, JM Sederberg, TW Johnson, RW AF Zheng, JM Sederberg, TW Johnson, RW TI Least squares methods for solving differential equations using Bezier control points SO APPLIED NUMERICAL MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE differential equations; boundary value problem; least squares method; Bezier control points; degree raising; subdivision AB This paper investigates the use of the control points of the Bemstein-Bezier form for numerically solving differential equations. Two least squares type schemes based on degree raising and subdivision are proposed. The convergence of the methods applied to two-point boundary value problems is analyzed. (C) 2003 IMACS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brigham Young Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Sederberg, TW (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM tom@cs.byu.edu RI Sederberg, Thomas/N-3600-2013; Zheng , Jianmin/A-3717-2011 NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9274 J9 APPL NUMER MATH JI Appl. Numer. Math. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 48 IS 2 BP 237 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.apnum.2002.01.001 PG 16 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 768PE UT WOS:000188550700008 ER PT J AU Naulleau, PP AF Naulleau, PP TI Verification of point-spread-function-based modeling of an extreme-ultraviolet photoresist SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ENGINEERING TEST STAND; LITHOGRAPHY; LIGHT; TOOL AB A crucial component of lithographic modeling is the resist. Resists typically used at extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths are derivatives of deep-ultraviolet chemically amplified resists. Models that describe these resists are often very complicated and are dependent on a large number of free parameters. Point-spread-function-based resist modeling serves as a simple alternative. I show this type of modeling to be a viable technique at EUV wavelengths by directly comparing modeling results with a variety of printing metrics, including process windows and isodense bias. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, MS 2-400,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pnaulleau@lbl.gov NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 4 BP 788 EP 792 DI 10.1364/AO.43.000788 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 768CP UT WOS:000188510900011 PM 14960071 ER PT J AU van Herpen, MMJW Bisson, SE Ngai, AKY Harren, FJM AF van Herpen, MMJW Bisson, SE Ngai, AKY Harren, FJM TI Combined wide pump tuning and high power of a continuous-wave, singly resonant optical parametric oscillator SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID POLED LITHIUM-NIOBATE; TRACE-GAS-DETECTION; SPECTROSCOPY; OPERATION; LINBO3; LASER AB A new singly resonant, single-frequency optical parametric oscillator (OPO) has been developed for the 2.6-4.7 mum infrared wavelength region, using a high power (>20 W), widely tunable (1024-1034 nm) Yb:YAG pump source. With the OPO frequency stabilized with an intracavity etalon, the OPO achieved an idler output power of 3 W at 2.954 mum. Tuning of the idler frequency was achieved by longitudinal mode-hop tuning of the pump source (FSR 100 MHz). In this way an idler frequency scan of 100-150 GHz could be obtained, after which the signal frequency hops ahead over the FSR of the intracavity etalon of the OPO (207 GHz). Due to un-optimized mirror coatings for the OPO cavity and PPLN crystal, the frequency stability was limited to 90 MHz over 1 s, with an unaffected long-term frequency stability of 250 MHz over 200 seconds. C1 Univ Nijmegen, Dept Mol & Laser Phys, Life Sci Trace Gas Facil, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP van Herpen, MMJW (reprint author), Univ Nijmegen, Dept Mol & Laser Phys, Life Sci Trace Gas Facil, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. EM maartenh@sci.kun.nl RI Harren, Frans/A-1729-2010 NR 23 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 78 IS 3-4 BP 281 EP 286 DI 10.1007/s00340-003-1384-3 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 801HI UT WOS:000220086600007 ER PT J AU Helmer, RG Nica, N Hardy, JC Iacob, VE AF Helmer, RG Nica, N Hardy, JC Iacob, VE TI Precise efficiency calibration of an HPGe detector up to 3.5 MeV, with measurements and Monte Carlo calculations SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its Applications CY JUN 02-06, 2003 CL Dublin, IRELAND DE Ge detector; precise efficiency; measurements 20-3500 keV; Monte Carlo AB Previously we used relative and absolute efficiency measurements combined with Monte Carlo calculations to define the efficiency of an HPGe gamma-ray detector with 0.2% accuracy from 50 to 1400keV. This work has been extended to 4.8 MeV with measurements of relative efficiencies from Na-24, (CO)-C-56, and Ga-66 sources. The combined results of experiment and calculation yield an efficiency curve up to 3.5 MeV with 0.4% accuracy. Single- and double-escape peak contributions also agree with calculation if positron annihilation-in-flight is incorporated. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Helmer, RG (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM helmerr@pcif.net NR 7 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD FEB-APR PY 2004 VL 60 IS 2-4 BP 173 EP 177 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2003.11.012 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 801TH UT WOS:000220117700011 PM 14987638 ER PT J AU Pibida, L McMahon, CA Bushaw, BA AF Pibida, L McMahon, CA Bushaw, BA TI Laser resonance ionization mass spectrometry measurements of cesium in nuclear burn-up and sediment samples SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its Applications CY JUN 02-06, 2003 CL Dublin, IRELAND DE caesium; mass spectrometry; resonance ionization; low-level measurements; sediment samples ID RATIOS AB Isotopic ratio measurements of Cs-135 to Cs-137 Were performed using both resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) and thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) to determine the chronological age of nuclear fuel burn-up samples. Initial measurements on a lake sediment sample are being performed at NIST for determination of cesium content in the sample. Atomization behavior of the graphite furnace source, the overall efficiency and selectivity were measured for different sample preparations. Single-resonance excitation 6s S-2(1/2) (F = 4) --> 6p P-2(3/2) (F' = 5) with an extended cavity diode laser followed by photoionization with the 488 nm line of an argon ion laser yielded optical selectivity for Cs-135 and Cs-137 of more than two orders of magnitude against stable Cs-133 and overall selectivity of 10(8). An overall efficiency of 5 x 10(-7) was measured for standard Cs-133 solutions and for the nuclear fuel burn-up samples. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99362 USA. RP Pibida, L (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM leticia.pibida@nist.gov NR 9 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD FEB-APR PY 2004 VL 60 IS 2-4 BP 567 EP 570 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2003.11.082 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 801TH UT WOS:000220117700078 PM 14987705 ER PT J AU Foster, NS Thompson, SE Valentine, NB Amonette, JE Johnson, TJ AF Foster, NS Thompson, SE Valentine, NB Amonette, JE Johnson, TJ TI Identification of sporulated and vegetative bacteria using statistical analysis of Fourier transform mid-infrared transmission data SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE spores; vegetative; bacteria; Bacillus; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; FT-IR; transmission; classification; and regression trees; CART; spectroscopy; statistical analysis ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; TERBIUM DIPICOLINATE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; RESONANCE RAMAN-SPECTRA; FT-IR MICROSPECTROSCOPY; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; LASER-DESORPTION; ENDOSPORE DETECTION AB A combined mid-infrared spectroscopic/statistical modeling approach for the discrimination and identification, at the strain level, of both sporulated and vegetative bacterial samples is presented. Transmission mode spectra of bacteria dried on ZnSe windows were collected using a Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer. Five Bacillus bacterial strains (B. atrophaeus 49337, B. globigii Dugway, B. thuringiensis spp. kurstaki 35866, B. subtilis 49760, and B. subtilis 6051) were used to construct a reference spectral library and to parameterize a four-step statistical model for the systematic identification of bacteria. The statistical methods used in this initial feasibility study included principal component analysis (PCA), classification and regression trees (CART), and Mahalanobis distance calculations. Internal cross-validation studies successfully classified 100% of the samples into their correct physiological state (sporulated or vegetative) and identified 67% of the samples correctly as to their bacterial strain. Analysis of thirteen blind samples, which included reference and other bacteria, nonbiological materials, and mixtures of both nonbiological, and bacterial samples, yielded comparable accuracy. The primary advantage of this approach is the accurate identification of unknown bacteria, including spores, in a matter of minutes. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM nancy.foster@pnl.gov NR 92 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0003-7028 EI 1943-3530 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 58 IS 2 BP 203 EP 211 DI 10.1366/000370204322842940 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 774HW UT WOS:000188974900009 PM 15000715 ER PT J AU Burger, J Gaines, KF Boring, CS Snodgrass, J Stephens, WL Gochfeld, M AF Burger, J Gaines, KF Boring, CS Snodgrass, J Stephens, WL Gochfeld, M TI Effects of cooking on radiocesium in fish from the Savannah River: Exposure differences for the public SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GREAT-LAKES; MERCURY; RISK; CONSUMPTION; HEALTH; PCBS AB Understanding the factors that contribute to the risk from fish consumption is an important public health concern because of potential adverse effects of radionuclides, organochlorines, other pesticides, and mercury. Risk from consumption is normally computed on the basis of contaminant levels in fish, meal frequency, and meal size, yet cooking practices may also affect risk. This study examines the effect of deep-frying on radiocesium (Cs-137) levels and risk to people fishing along the Savannah River. South Carolina and Georgia have issued consumption advisories for the Savannah River, based partly on Cs-137. Cs-137 levels were significantly higher in the cooked fish compared to the raw fish on a wet weight basis. Mean (CS)-C-137 levels were 0.61 pCi/g (wet weight basis) in raw fish, 0.81 pCi/g in cooked-breaded, and 0.99 pCi/g in cooked-unbreaded fish. Deep-frying with and without breading resulted in a weight loss of 25 and 39%, while Cs-137 levels increased by 32 and 62%, respectively. Therefore, the differences were due mainly to weight loss during cooking. However, the data suggest that risk assessments should be based on cooked portion size for contaminant analysis, or the risk from Cs-137 in fish will be underestimated. People are likely to estimate the amounts of fish they eat based on a meal size of the cooked portion, while risk assessors determine Cs-137 levels in raw fish. A conversion factor of at least two for Cs-137 increase during cooking is reasonable and conservative, given the variability in Cs-137 levels. The data also suggest that surveys determining consumption should specifically ask about portion size before or after cooking and state which was used in their methods. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Div Life Sci, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Consortium Risk Evaluat Stakeholder Participat, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Towson State Univ, Dept Biol, Towson, MD 21252 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Burger, J (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Div Life Sci, Nelson Hall, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM burger@biology.rutgers.edu RI Snodgrass, Joel/C-5288-2016 NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 46 IS 2 BP 231 EP 235 DI 10.1007/s00244-003-2314-4 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 772NK UT WOS:000188848000012 PM 15106675 ER PT J AU Paller, MH Bowers, JA Littrell, JW Guanlao, AV AF Paller, MH Bowers, JA Littrell, JW Guanlao, AV TI Influences on mercury bioaccumulation factors for the Savannah River SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LAKE; FISH; WATER; METHYLMERCURY; ACCUMULATION; SEDIMENTS; FLORIDA; OREGON; TISSUE AB Mercury TMDLs (Total Maximum Daily Loads) are a regulatory instrument designed to reduce the amount of mercury entering a water body and ultimately to control the bioaccumulation of mercury in fish. TMDLs are based on a BAF (bioaccumulation factor), which is the ratio of methyl mercury in fish to dissolved methyl mercury in water. Analysis of fish tissue and aqueous methyl mercury samples collected at a number of locations and over several seasons in a 118-km reach of the Savannah River demonstrated that species-specific BAFs varied by factors of three to eight. Factors contributing to BAF variability were location, habitat, and season-related differences in fish muscle tissue mercury levels and seasonal differences in dissolved methyl mercury levels. Overall (all locations, habitats, and seasons) average BAFs were 3.7 X 10(6) for largemouth bass, 1.4 X 10(6) for sunfishes, and 2.5 X 10(6) for white catfish. Determination of representative BAFs for mercury in fish from large rivers necessitates collecting large and approximately equal numbers of fish and aqueous methyl mercury samples over a seasonal cycle from the entire area and all habitats to be represented by the TMDL. C1 Environm Anal Sect, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. Environm Monitoring Sect, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Paller, MH (reprint author), Environm Anal Sect, Savannah River Site,Bldg 773-42A, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM michael.paller@srs.gov NR 37 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 46 IS 2 BP 236 EP 243 DI 10.1007/s00244-003-2305-5 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 772NK UT WOS:000188848000013 PM 15106676 ER PT J AU Pescatore, P Roth, KW Brodrick, J AF Pescatore, P Roth, KW Brodrick, J TI Condensing natural gas water heaters SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 TIAX, Thermal Technol Grp, Cambridge, MA USA. US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Pescatore, P (reprint author), TIAX, Thermal Technol Grp, Cambridge, MA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 46 IS 2 BP 51 EP 52 PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 772FA UT WOS:000188829600016 ER PT J AU Brockman, F AF Brockman, F TI Methanosarcina culture warning SO ASM NEWS LA English DT Letter C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Brockman, F (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0044-7897 J9 ASM NEWS JI ASM News PD FEB PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 BP 47 EP 47 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 780BW UT WOS:000189352200001 ER PT J AU Bornancini, CG Martinez, HJ Lambas, DG AF Bornancini, CG Martinez, HJ Lambas, DG TI Clustering and light profiles of galaxies in the environment of 20 ultra-steep-spectrum radio sources SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : theory; galaxies : evolution; galaxies : formation; galaxies : fundamental parameters; radio continuum : galaxies ID FAINT GALAXIES; HIGH-REDSHIFT; STELLAR POPULATIONS; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; DEEP FIELD; EVOLUTION; OVERDENSITIES; PHOTOMETRY; COUNTS; SAMPLE AB We have analyzed galaxy properties in the neighborhood of 20 ultra - steep- spectrum (USS) radio sources taken from the Westerbork in the Southern Hemisphere ( WISH) catalog of De Breuck and coworkers. Galaxies in these USS fields were identified in deep observations that were carried out in the K' band using the OSIRIS imager at the CTIO 4 m telescope. We find a statistically significant signal of clustering around our sample of USS sources. The angular extension of the detected USS source - galaxy clustering is theta(c) similar to 20", corresponding to a spatial scale of similar to 120 h(-1) kpc, assuming the sources are at z similar to 1 in an Omega(m) = 0.3, Omega(Lambda) = 0.7 model universe. These results are in agreement with those obtained by Best for radio galaxy - galaxy correlation, and Best and coworkers for radio-loud AGN-galaxy correlation. We have also analyzed the light distribution of the galaxies by fitting Sersic's law profiles. Our results show no significant dependence of the galaxy shape parameters on the projected distance to the USS source. C1 Univ Nacl Cordoba, Astron Observ, IATE, Grp Invest Astron Teor & Expt, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. Lawrence Livermore Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Inst Astrophys, F-75014 Paris, France. Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Bornancini, CG (reprint author), Univ Nacl Cordoba, Astron Observ, IATE, Grp Invest Astron Teor & Expt, Laprida 854, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. EM bornancini@oac.uncor.edu; julian@oac.uncor.edu; dgl@oac.uncor.edu OI De Breuck, Carlos/0000-0002-6637-3315 NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 127 IS 2 BP 679 EP 685 DI 10.1086/380937 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 801FG UT WOS:000220081200010 ER PT J AU Ahrens, J Bahcall, JN Bai, X Bay, RC Becka, T Becker, KH Berley, D Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Besson, DZ Biron, A Blaufuss, E Boersma, DJ Boser, S Bohm, C Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Burgess, T Carithers, W Castermans, T Cavin, J Chinowsky, W Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Ehrlich, R Ellsworth, RW Evenson, PA Fazely, AR Feser, T Gaisser, TK Gallagher, J Ganugapati, R Geenen, H Goldschmidt, A Goodman, JA Gunasingha, RM Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Hauschildt, T Hays, D Helbing, K Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Japaridze, GS Jones, A Karle, A Kawai, H Kestel, M Kitamura, N Koch, R Kopke, L Kowalski, M Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Meszaros, P Minaeva, Y Minor, RH Miocinovic, P Miyamoto, H Morse, R Nahnhauer, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P Patton, S Paulos, R de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Pretz, J Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Razzaque, S Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schlenstedt, S Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Seckel, D Smith, AJ Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Stanev, T Steele, D Steffen, P Stezelberger, T Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Sullivan, GW Sumner, TJ Taboada, I Tilav, S van Eijndhoven, N Wagner, W Walck, C Wang, RR Wiebusch, CH Wiedemann, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yoshida, S AF Ahrens, J Bahcall, JN Bai, X Bay, RC Becka, T Becker, KH Berley, D Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Besson, DZ Biron, A Blaufuss, E Boersma, DJ Boser, S Bohm, C Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Burgess, T Carithers, W Castermans, T Cavin, J Chinowsky, W Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Ehrlich, R Ellsworth, RW Evenson, PA Fazely, AR Feser, T Gaisser, TK Gallagher, J Ganugapati, R Geenen, H Goldschmidt, A Goodman, JA Gunasingha, RM Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Hauschildt, T Hays, D Helbing, K Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Japaridze, GS Jones, A Karle, A Kawai, H Kestel, M Kitamura, N Koch, R Kopke, L Kowalski, M Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Meszaros, P Minaeva, Y Minor, RH Miocinovic, P Miyamoto, H Morse, R Nahnhauer, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P Patton, S Paulos, R de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Pretz, J Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Razzaque, S Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schlenstedt, S Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Seckel, D Smith, AJ Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Stanev, T Steele, D Steffen, P Stezelberger, T Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Sullivan, GW Sumner, TJ Taboada, I Tilav, S van Eijndhoven, N Wagner, W Walck, C Wang, RR Wiebusch, CH Wiedemann, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yoshida, S TI Sensitivity of the IceCube detector to astrophysical sources of high energy muon neutrinos SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE neutrino telescope; neutrino astronomy; IceCube ID ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINOS; TELESCOPE; AMANDA; MODEL AB We present results of a Monte Carlo study of the sensitivity of the planned IceCube detector to predicted fluxes of muon neutrinos at TeV to PeV energies. A complete simulation of the detector and data analysis is used to study the detector's capability to search for muon neutrinos from potential sources such as active galaxies and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We study the effective area and the angular resolution of the detector as a function of muon energy and angle of incidence. We present detailed calculations of the sensitivity of the detector to both diffuse and pointlike neutrino fluxes, including an assessment of the sensitivity to neutrinos detected in coincidence with GRB observations. After three years of data taking, lceCube will be able to detect a point-source flux of E-v(2) x dN(v)/dE(v) = 7 x 10(-9) cm(-2) s(-1) GeV at a 5sigma significance, or, in the absence of a signal, place a 90% c.l. limit at a level of E-v(2) x dN(v)/dE(v) = 2 x 10(-9) cm(-2) s(-1) GeV. A diffuse E-2 flux would be detectable at a minimum strength of E-v(2) x dN(v)/dE(v) = 10(-8) cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1) GeV. A GRB model following the formulation of Waxman and Bahcall would result in a 5sigma effect after the observation of 200 bursts in coincidence with satellite observations of the gamma rays. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Utrecht, Fac Phys & Astron, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands. Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Fis, Caracas 1080, Venezuela. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan. Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. So Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Phys, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Free Univ Brussels, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Wisconsin, SSEC, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Uppsala, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Free Univ Brussels, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Berg Univ Gesamthsch Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys 8, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Wissing, H (reprint author), Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. EM hwissing@ifh.de RI Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Przybylski, Grzegorz/F-7474-2015; OI Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Hubert, Daan/0000-0002-4365-865X NR 51 TC 334 Z9 337 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 20 IS 5 BP 507 EP 532 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.09.003 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 771GG UT WOS:000188776800001 ER PT J AU DeMuth, D Alner, GJ Ayres, D Barrett, WL Border, P Cockerill, DJA Cobb, JH Courant, H Fields, T Gallagher, H Goodman, MC Gran, R Joffe-Minor, T Kafka, T Kasahara, S Litchfield, PJ Mann, WA Marshak, M Milburn, R Miller, W Mualem, L Napier, A Oliver, W Pearce, GF Peterson, E Petyt, D Ruddick, K Sanchez, M Schneps, J Sousa, A Speakman, B Thron, J Trost, HJ Uretsky, J Villaume, G West, N AF DeMuth, D Alner, GJ Ayres, D Barrett, WL Border, P Cockerill, DJA Cobb, JH Courant, H Fields, T Gallagher, H Goodman, MC Gran, R Joffe-Minor, T Kafka, T Kasahara, S Litchfield, PJ Mann, WA Marshak, M Milburn, R Miller, W Mualem, L Napier, A Oliver, W Pearce, GF Peterson, E Petyt, D Ruddick, K Sanchez, M Schneps, J Sousa, A Speakman, B Thron, J Trost, HJ Uretsky, J Villaume, G West, N TI Horizontal muons and a search for AGN neutrinos in Soudan 2 SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS; TRACKING CALORIMETER MODULES; FREJUS DETECTOR; KAMIOKANDE; FLUX; MACRO AB We measure the horizontal (\cos(theta(z))\ < 0.14 corresponding to a slant depth cut 14 kmwe) neutrino-induced muon flux (E-mu > 1.8 GeV) in Soudan 2 to be 4.01 +/- 0.50 +/- 0.30 x 10(-13) cm(-2) sr(-1) s(-1). From the absence of horizontal muons with large energy loss, we set a limit on the flux of muon neutrinos from active galactic nuclei. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Goodman, MC (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM maury.goodman@anl.gov RI Marshak, Marvin/B-8645-2008 NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 EI 1873-2852 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 20 IS 5 BP 533 EP 547 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.07.003 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 771GG UT WOS:000188776800002 ER PT J AU Fragile, PC Mathews, GJ Poirier, J Totani, T AF Fragile, PC Mathews, GJ Poirier, J Totani, T TI Constraints on models for TeV gamma rays from gamma-ray bursts SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; cosmic rays; gamma-ray bursts; gamma-ray sources ID ENERGY COSMIC-RAYS; GRB 970417A; EMISSION; AFTERGLOWS; SEARCH; LUMINOSITIES; ABSORPTION; REDSHIFTS; UNIVERSE; SPECTRUM AB We explore several models which might be proposed to explain recent possible detections of high-energy (TeV) gamma rays in association with low-energy gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Likely values (and/or upper limits) for the source energies in low- and high-energy gamma rays and hadrons are deduced for the burst sources associated with possible TeV gamma-ray detections by the Project GRAND array. Possible spectra for energetic gammas are deduced for three models: (1) inverse-Compton scattering of ambient photons from relativistic electrons; (2) proton-synchrotron emission; and (3) inelastic scattering of relativistic protons from ambient photons creating high-energy neutral pions, which decay into high-energy photons. These models rely on some basic assumptions about the GRB properties, e.g. that: the low- and high-energy gamma rays are produced at the same location; the time variability of the high-energy component can be estimated from the FWHM of the highest peak in the low-energy gamma ray light curve; and the variability-luminosity relation of Fenimore and Ramirez-Ruiz [preprint(astro-ph/0004176)] gives a reliable estimate of the redshifts of these bursts. We also explore the impact of each of these assumptions upon our models. We conclude that the energetic requirements are difficult to satisfy for any of these models unless, perhaps, either the photon beaming angle is much narrower for the high-energy component than for the low-energy GRB or the bursts occur at very low redshifts (less than or similar to 0.01). Nevertheless, we find that the energetic requirements are most easily satisfied if TeV gamma rays are produced predominantly by inverse-Compton scattering with a magnetic field strength well below equipartition or by proton-synchrotron emission with a magnetic field strength near equipartition. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, DNTAX Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Ctr Astrophys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Natl Astron Observ, Div Theory, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, DNTAX Div, 7000 East Ave,L-018, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM fragile@llnl.gov NR 46 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 EI 1873-2852 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 20 IS 5 BP 591 EP 607 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.08.005 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 771GG UT WOS:000188776800006 ER PT J AU Berk, DEV Wilhite, BC Kron, RG Anderson, SF Brunner, RJ Hall, PB Ivezic, Z Richards, GT Schneider, DP York, DG Brinkmann, JV Lamb, DQ Nichol, RC Schlegel, DJ AF Berk, DEV Wilhite, BC Kron, RG Anderson, SF Brunner, RJ Hall, PB Ivezic, Z Richards, GT Schneider, DP York, DG Brinkmann, JV Lamb, DQ Nichol, RC Schlegel, DJ TI The ensemble photometric variability of similar to 25,000 quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : active; quasars : general; techniques : photometric ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; EARLY DATA RELEASE; OPTICALLY SELECTED QUASARS; ABSORPTION-LINE QUASARS; LONG-TERM VARIABILITY; 1ST DATA RELEASE; ROSAT ALL-SKY; RADIO-SOURCES; ULTRAVIOLET VARIABILITY AB Using a sample of over 25,000 spectroscopically confirmed quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we show how quasar variability in the rest-frame optical/UV regime depends on rest-frame time lag, luminosity, rest wavelength, redshift, the presence of radio and X-ray emission, and the presence of broad absorption line systems. Imaging photometry is compared with three-band spectrophotometry obtained at later epochs spanning time lags up to about 2 yr. The large sample size and wide range of parameter values allow the dependence of variability to be isolated as a function of many independent parameters. The time dependence of variability (the structure function) is well fitted by a single power law with an index gamma=0.246+/-0.008, on timescales from days to years. There is an anticorrelation of variability amplitude with rest wavelength-e.g., quasars are about twice as variable at 1000 Angstrom as at 6000 Angstrom-and quasars are systematically bluer when brighter at all redshifts. There is a strong anticorrelation of variability with quasar luminosity-variability amplitude decreases by a factor of about 4 when luminosity increases by a factor of 100. There is also a significant positive correlation of variability amplitude with redshift, indicating evolution of the quasar population or the variability mechanism. We parameterize all of these relationships. Quasars with ROSAT All-Sky Survey X-ray detections are significantly more variable (at optical/UV wavelengths) than those without, and radio-loud quasars are marginally more variable than their radio-quiet counterparts. We find no significant difference in the variability of quasars with and without broad absorption line troughs. Currently, no models of quasar variability address more than a few of these relationships. Models involving multiple discrete events or gravitational microlensing are unlikely by themselves to account for the data. So-called accretion disk instability models are promising, but more quantitative predictions are needed. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santiago 22, Chile. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 USA. RP Berk, DEV (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, 3941 Ohara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 85 TC 218 Z9 218 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 601 IS 2 BP 692 EP 714 DI 10.1086/380563 PN 1 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 769PC UT WOS:000188658100008 ER PT J AU Tanihata, C Kataoka, J Takahashi, T Madejski, GM AF Tanihata, C Kataoka, J Takahashi, T Madejski, GM TI Evolution of the synchrotron spectrum in Markarian 421 during the 1998 campaign SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects : individual (Markarian 421); galaxies : active; radiation mechanisms : nonthermal; X-rays : galaxies ID HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; ACTIVE GALAXY MARKARIAN-421; SELF-COMPTON MODEL; X-RAY-EMISSION; TEV BLAZARS; RELATIVISTIC JETS; RADIO-SOURCES; VARIABILITY; RADIATION; QUASARS AB The uninterrupted 7 day ASCA observations of the TeV blazar Mrk 421 in 1998 have clearly revealed that X-ray flares occur repeatedly. In this paper, we present the results of the time-resolved spectral analysis of the combined data taken by ASCA, RXTE, BeppoSAX, and the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE). In this object-and in many other TeV blazars-the precise measurement of the shape of the X-ray spectrum, which reflects the high-energy portion of the synchrotron component, is crucial in determining the high-energy cutoff of the accelerated electrons in the jet. Thanks to the simultaneous broadband coverage, we measured the 0.1-25 keV spectrum resolved on timescales as short as several hours, providing a great opportunity to investigate the detailed spectral evolution at the flares. By analyzing the time-subdivided observations, we parameterize the evolution of the synchrotron peak, where the radiation power dominates, by fitting the combined spectra with a quadratic form [where the nuF(nu) flux at the energy E obeys log nuF(nu)( E)=log (nuF(nu), (peak))-const(log E-log E-peak)(2)]. In this case, we show that there is an overall trend that the peak energy E-peak and peak flux nuF(nu,pea)k increase or decrease together. The relation of the two parameters is best described as E-peak proportional to nuF(nu,peak)(0.7) for the 1998 campaign. Similar results were derived for the 1997 observations, while the relation gave a smaller index when both 1997 and 1998 data were included. On the other hand, we show that this relation, and also the detailed spectral variations, differs from flare to flare within the 1998 campaign. We suggest that the observed features are consistent with the idea that flares are due to the appearance of a new spectral component. With the availability of the simultaneous TeV data, we also show that there exists a clear correlation between the synchrotron peak flux and the TeV flux. C1 Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Tanihata, C (reprint author), Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. EM tanihata@astro.isas.ac.jp OI Sako, Chiharu/0000-0003-3243-3954 NR 41 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 601 IS 2 BP 759 EP 770 DI 10.1086/380779 PN 1 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 769PC UT WOS:000188658100012 ER PT J AU Tregillis, IL Jones, TW Ryu, DS AF Tregillis, IL Jones, TW Ryu, DS TI Synthetic observations of simulated radio galaxies. I. Radio and X-ray analysis SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : jets; MHD; radiation mechanisms : nonthermal; radio continuum : galaxies ID INVERSE COMPTON RADIATION; MAGNETIC-FIELD STRENGTHS; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; NUMERICAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; SYNCHROTRON EMISSION; NONTHERMAL EMISSION; SHOCK ACCELERATION; CONSERVATION-LAWS; CYGNUS-A; CHANDRA AB We present an extensive synthetic observational analysis of numerically simulated radio galaxies designed to explore the effectiveness of conventional observational analyses at recovering physical source properties. These are the first numerical simulations with sufficient physical detail to allow such a study. The present paper focuses on extraction of magnetic field properties from nonthermal intensity information. Synchrotron and inverse Compton intensities were effective in providing meaningful information about distributions and strengths of magnetic fields, although considerable care was called for in quantitative usage of the information. Correlations between radio and X-ray surface brightness correctly revealed useful dynamical relationships between particles and fields, for example. Magnetic field strength estimates derived from the ratio of X-ray to radio intensity were mostly within about a factor of 2 of the rms field strength along a given line of sight. When emissions along a given line of sight were dominated by regions close to the minimum energy/equipartition condition, the field strengths derived from the standard power-law spectrum minimum energy calculation were also reasonably close to actual field strengths, except when spectral aging was evident. Otherwise, biases in the minimum energy magnetic field estimation mirrored actual differences from equipartition. The ratio of the inverse Compton estimated magnetic field to the minimum energy magnetic field provided a rough measure of the actual total energy in particles and fields in most instances, although this measure was accurate within only about an order of magnitude. This may provide a practical limit to the accuracy with which one may be able to establish the internal energy density or pressure of optically thin synchrotron sources. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Taejon 305764, South Korea. RP Tregillis, IL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, MS B259, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM iant@lanl.gov; twj@msi.umn.edu; ryu@canopus.chungnam.ac.kr RI Ryu, Dongsu/C-2270-2016 OI Ryu, Dongsu/0000-0002-5455-2957 NR 41 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 601 IS 2 BP 778 EP 797 DI 10.1086/380756 PN 1 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 769PC UT WOS:000188658100014 ER PT J AU Rykoff, ES Smith, DA Price, PA Akerlof, CW Ashley, MCB Bizyaev, D Garradd, GJ McKay, TA McNaught, RH Phillips, A Quimby, R Schaefer, B Schmidt, B Vestrand, WT Wheeler, JC Wren, J AF Rykoff, ES Smith, DA Price, PA Akerlof, CW Ashley, MCB Bizyaev, D Garradd, GJ McKay, TA McNaught, RH Phillips, A Quimby, R Schaefer, B Schmidt, B Vestrand, WT Wheeler, JC Wren, J TI The early optical afterglow of GRB 030418 and progenitor mass loss SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; CIRCUMSTELLAR GAS; EMISSION; GRB-021211; DISCOVERY; EVOLUTION; IMPACT; STARS AB The ROTSE-IIIa telescope and the SSO 40 inch (1.0 m) telescope, both located at Siding Spring Observatory, imaged the early-time afterglow of GRB 030418. In this report, we present observations of the early afterglow, first detected by the ROTSE-IIIa telescope 211 s after the start of the burst and only 76 s after the end of the gamma-ray activity. We detect optical emission that rises for similar to600 s, slowly varies around R = 17.3 mag for similar to1400 s, and then fades as a power law of index alpha = -1.36. Additionally, the ROTSE-IIIb telescope, located at McDonald Observatory, imaged the early-time afterglow of GRB 030723. The behavior of this light curve was qualitatively similar to that of GRB 030418, but 2 mag dimmer. These two afterglows are dissimilar to other afterglows such as GRB 990123 and GRB 021211. We investigate whether or not the early afterglow can be attributed to a synchrotron break in a cooling synchrotron spectrum as it passes through the optical band, but we find that this model is unable to accurately describe the early light curve. We present a simple model for gamma-ray burst emission emerging from a wind medium surrounding a massive progenitor star. This model provides an effective description of the data and suggests that the rise of the afterglow can be ascribed to extinction in the local circumburst environment. In this interpretation, these events provide further evidence of the connection between gamma-ray bursts and the collapse of massive stars. C1 Univ Michigan, Randall Lab 2477, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Dept Astrophys & Opt, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119899, Russia. Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. Univ Texas, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rykoff, ES (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Randall Lab 2477, 500 E Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. EM erykoff@umich.edu; donaldas@umich.edu; price@ifa.hawaii.edu; akerlof@umich.edu; mcba@phys.unsw.edu.au; dmbiz@baade.physics.utep.edu; gloomberah@ozemail.com.au; tamckay@umich.edu; rmn@murky.anu.edu.au; a.phillips@unsw.edu.au; quimby@astro.as.utexas.edu; brad@baton.phys.lsu.edu; brian@mso.anu.edu.au; vestrand@lanl.gov; wheel@astro.as.utexas.edu; jwren@nis.lanl.gov RI McKay, Timothy/C-1501-2009; OI McKay, Timothy/0000-0001-9036-6150; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0001-6589-1287; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0002-8538-9195 NR 33 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 601 IS 2 BP 1013 EP 1018 DI 10.1086/380777 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 769PC UT WOS:000188658100031 ER PT J AU Thomas, RC Branch, D Baron, E Nomoto, K Li, WD Filippenko, AV AF Thomas, RC Branch, D Baron, E Nomoto, K Li, WD Filippenko, AV TI On the geometry of the high-velocity ejecta of the peculiar type Ia supernova 2000cx SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE radiative transfer; supernovae : individual (SN 2000cx) ID EXPANDING PHOTOSPHERE METHOD; WHITE-DWARF MODELS; SN 1999EM; SPECTRA; SPECTROPOLARIMETRY; CONSEQUENCES; ASPHERICITY; SIMULATIONS; DISTANCE AB High-velocity features in Type Ia supernova spectra provide a way to probe the outer layers of these explosions. The maximum-light spectra of the unique Type Ia supernova 2000cx exhibit interesting Ca II features with high-velocity components. The infrared triplet absorption is quadruply notched, while the H and K absorption is wide and flat. Stimulated by a three-dimensional interpretation of similar Ca II features in another Type Ia supernova (SN 2001el; Kasen et al.), we present alternative spherically symmetric and three-dimensional ejecta models to fit the high-velocity (v > 16,000 km s(-1)) Ca II features of SN 2000cx. We also present simple estimates of the high-velocity ejecta mass for a few trial compositions and discuss their implications for explosion modeling. C1 Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Universe, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 50R5008, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM thomas@mail.nhn.ou.edu; branch@mail.nhn.ou.edu; baron@mail.nhn.ou.edu RI Baron, Edward/A-9041-2009; Nomoto, Ken'ichi/A-4393-2011 OI Baron, Edward/0000-0001-5393-1608; NR 38 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 601 IS 2 BP 1019 EP 1030 DI 10.1086/380632 PN 1 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 769PC UT WOS:000188658100032 ER PT J AU McGowan, KE Priedhorsky, WC Trudolyubov, SP AF McGowan, KE Priedhorsky, WC Trudolyubov, SP TI On the correlated X-ray and optical evolution of SS Cygni SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE novae, cataclysmic variables; stars : individual (SS Cygni); X-rays : stars ID DWARF-NOVA OUTBURSTS; CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; MODEL; STARS; DISKS AB We have analyzed the variability and spectral evolution of the prototype dwarf nova system SS Cygni using RXTE data and AAVSO observations. A series of pointed RXTE/PCA observations allow us to trace the evolution of the X-ray spectrum of SS Cygni in unprecedented detail, while 6 years of optical AAVSO and RXTE/ASM light curves show long-term patterns. Employing a technique in which we stack the X-ray flux over multiple outbursts, phased according to the optical light curve, we investigate the outburst morphology. We find that the 3-12 keV X-ray flux is suppressed during optical outbursts, a behavior seen previously but only in a handful of cycles. The several outbursts of SS Cygni observed with the more sensitive RXTE/PCA also show a depression of the X-rays during optical outburst. We quantify the time lags between the optical and X-ray outbursts and the timescales of the X-ray recovery from outburst. The optical light curve of SS Cygni exhibits brief anomalous outbursts. During these events the hard X-rays and optical flux increase together. The long-term data suggest that the X-rays decline between outbursts. Our results are in general agreement with modified disk instability models, which invoke a two-component accretion flow consisting of a cool optically thick accretion disk truncated at an inner radius, and a quasi-spherical hot corona-like flow extending to the surface of the white dwarf. We discuss our results in the framework of one such model, involving the evaporation of the inner part of the optically thick accretion disk, proposed by Meyer & Meyer-Hofmeister. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP McGowan, KE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mcgowan@lanl.gov OI Priedhorsky, William/0000-0003-0295-9138 NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 601 IS 2 BP 1100 EP 1108 DI 10.1086/380758 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 769PC UT WOS:000188658100041 ER PT J AU Fryer, CL AF Fryer, CL TI Neutron star kicks from asymmetric collapse SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars : evolution ID GRAVITATIONAL-RADIATION; SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS; CONVECTIVE ENGINE; RADIO PULSARS; PSR B1913+16; VELOCITIES; HYDRODYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB Many neutron stars are observed to be moving with spatial velocities, in excess of 500 km s(-1). A number of mechanisms have been proposed to give neutron stars these high velocities. One of the leading classes of models proposed invokes asymmetries in the core of a massive star just prior to collapse. These asymmetries grow during the collapse, causing the resultant supernova to be also asymmetric. As the ejecta is launched, it pushes off ( or "kicks") the newly formed neutron star. This Letter presents the first three-dimensional supernova simulations of this process. The ejecta is not the only matter that kicks the newly formed neutron star. Neutrinos also carry away momentum and the asymmetric collapse also leads to asymmetries in the neutrinos. However, the neutrino asymmetries tend to damp out the neutron star motions, and even the most extreme asymmetric collapses presented here do not produce final neutron star velocities above 200 km s(-1). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Fryer, CL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 27 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 601 IS 2 BP L175 EP L178 DI 10.1086/382044 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 769PE UT WOS:000188658300017 ER PT J AU Middleditch, J AF Middleditch, J TI A white dwarf merger paradigm for supernovae and gamma-ray bursts SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts; globular clusters : general; pulsars : general; supernovae : general; supernovae : individual (SN 1987A); white dwarfs ID 25 APRIL 1998; SN 1987A; MILLISECOND PULSARS; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; FREE PRECESSION; NEUTRINO BURST; ERROR BOX; AFTERGLOW; EXPLOSIONS; RING AB Gamma-ray bursts can appear to be 100 times as luminous as supernovae, but their underlying energy source(s) have remained a mystery. However, there has been evidence for some time now of an association of gammaray bursts with supernovae of Type Ib and Ic, a fact that has been exploited by a number of models to explain the gamma-ray burst phenomenon. Here we interpret the results of basic observations of SN 1987A and of pulsars in globular clusters to propose the energy source, which powers at least some long-duration gamma-ray bursts, as core collapse following the merger of two white dwarfs, either as stars or as stellar cores. The beaming and intrinsic differences among gamma-ray bursts arise, at least in part, from differing amounts and composition of the gas in the merged stellar common envelopes, with the more energetic bursts resulting from mergers within less massive envelopes. In order for the beams/jets associated with gamma-ray bursts to form in mergers within massive common envelopes ( as with SN 1987A), much of the intervening stellar material in the polar directions must be cleared out by the time of core collapse or the beams/jets themselves must clear their own path. The core collapse produces supernovae of Type Ib, Ic, or II ( as with SN 1987A, a Type IIp supernova), leaving a weakly magnetized neutron star remnant with a spin period near 2 ms. There is no compelling reason to invoke any other model to account for gamma-ray bursts. Far from being an unusual event, SN 1987A is typical, having the same merger source of initiation as 95% of all supernovae, the rare exceptions being Type Ia supernovae induced via gradual accretion from a binary companion and Fe catastrophe Type II supernovae. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Middleditch, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, CCS-3,MS B265, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jon@lanl.gov NR 64 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 601 IS 2 BP L167 EP L170 DI 10.1086/382074 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 769PE UT WOS:000188658300015 ER PT J AU Zhang, B Dai, XY Lloyd-Ronning, ML Meszaros, P AF Zhang, B Dai, XY Lloyd-Ronning, ML Meszaros, P TI Quasi-universal Gaussian jets: A unified picture for gamma-ray bursts and X-ray flashes SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts ID AFTERGLOW LIGHT CURVES; STANDARD ENERGY RESERVOIR; SUPERNOVA SN 1998BW; ENERGETICS; EMISSION; EXPLOSIONS; MODEL; PEAK AB An observed correlation E-p proportional to (E-iso)(1/2) extending from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to X-ray flashes (XRFs) poses problems both for a power- law universal jet model, in which the energy per solid angle decreases as the inverse square of the angle with respect to the jet axis, and for a conical jet model with a uniform energy density within the jet beam and a sharp energy cutoff at the jet edge. Here we show that the current GRB-XRF prompt emission/ afterglow data can be understood in terms of a picture in which the GRB-XRF jets are quasi-universal and structured, with a Gaussian-like or similar structure, i.e., one where the jet has a characteristic angle, with a mild variation of energy inside and a rapid ( e. g., exponential) decrease of energy outside of it. A Monte Carlo simulation shows that the current data is compatible with such a quasi-universal Gaussian jet with a typical opening angle of 5.7(-2.1)(+3.4) deg and with a standard jet energy of about (E-j/1 erg) = 51.1 +/- 0.3. According to this model, the true-to-observed number ratio of the whole GRB-XRF population is about 14 with the current instrumental sensitivity. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Zhang, B (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI Dai, Xinyu/B-5735-2011 OI Dai, Xinyu/0000-0001-9203-2808 NR 44 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 601 IS 2 BP L119 EP L122 DI 10.1086/382132 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 769PE UT WOS:000188658300003 ER PT J AU Southworth, GR Lindberg, SE Zhang, H Anscombe, FR AF Southworth, GR Lindberg, SE Zhang, H Anscombe, FR TI Fugitive mercury emissions from a chlor-alkali factory: sources and fluxes to the atmosphere SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE atmospheric emissions monitoring; mercury fluxes; chlor-alkali; mercury sources ID GASEOUS MERCURY; CHAMBER MEASUREMENT; EXCHANGE; SOILS; VAPOR; FOREST; PLANT; SIMULATION; SPECIATION; COMPLEX AB During winter 2000, a multi-organization research team assessed fugitive (non-stack) mercury air emissions at a chlor-alkali factory in the US using a variety of sophisticated mercury vapor analyzers to assess fugitive air emissions of mercury. The team obtained mercury data over a 9-day period from inside the factory, with the first known concurrent awareness of manufacturing operations. Emissions were measured from the roof vent, the open-sided basement below the production cells, and from surrounding soils and sealed waste ponds. Some emphasis was also placed on assessing the spatial distribution of Hg concentrations within an operating cell room. The team used real-time and near-real-time Hg analyzers including a Tekran 5-min integrated sampler modified for cell-room use, Lumex RA915 + and Jerome 431-X portable Hg analyzers, and a long-path integrating DOAS system for gaseous elemental Hg, coupled with an optical anemometer for measuring vent-averaged air flow rates. The integrated beam (DOAS) and point measurements of Hgdegrees compared favorably. One principal finding is that fugitive air emissions from the cell-room roof vent are episodic and vary with factory operating conditions (maintenance and minor operational perturbations). Therefore, air emissions are likely to vary widely among factories on a worldwide basis, in accordance with operating procedures followed at each. Properly positioned, real-time mercury vapor analyzers are potentially valuable tools to locate small-scale process leaks, and to estimate overall emissions from the cell-room building. A preliminary estimate of daily fugitive Hg emissions during this period (similar to 400-600 g d(-1)) indicated that the bulk of the atmospheric loss was emitted from the roof vent of the main production building. Sealed waste ponds were not important sources, emitting Hg at rates comparable to background soils. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Environm Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. US EPA, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. RP Southworth, GR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Environm Sci Div, POB 2008,1505 MS 6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM southworthgr@ornl.gov NR 34 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 38 IS 4 BP 597 EP 611 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.057 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 770BA UT WOS:000188702200008 ER PT J AU Kinsey, JS Anscombe, FR Lindberg, SE Southworth, GR AF Kinsey, JS Anscombe, FR Lindberg, SE Southworth, GR TI Characterization of the fugitive mercury emissions at a chlor-alkali plant: overall study design SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE mercury vapor; atmospheric emissions; measurement methods; chlor-alkali plants; mercury speciation ID GASEOUS MERCURY; SOILS AB In February 2000, a detailed measurement campaign was conducted over a 9-day period within a mercury (Hg) cell chlor-alkali plant in the southeastern United States (US). The principal focus of this study was to determine the fugitive (non-ducted) airborne Hg emissions from the main production equipment located in the "cell building" during extended period operations, including maintenance events. Other Hg monitoring conducted in and around the plant also included surveys of process areas surrounding the cell building, measurement of Hg fluxes from soil and other exposed surfaces, and speciated Hg measurements of ambient air both "upwind" and "downwind" of the production area as well as the determination of Hg contained in output products and wastes. The study was a collaborative effort among scientists from the US Environmental Protection Agency, the US Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and the University of Michigan. This paper provides a description of the facility, the rationale and design of the study, and an introduction to companion papers containing the observational data. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. US EPA, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, US Dept Energy, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kinsey, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Mail Drop E 343-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kinsey.john@epa.gov RI Kinsey, John/A-8335-2009 NR 16 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 38 IS 4 BP 633 EP 641 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.059 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 770BA UT WOS:000188702200011 ER PT J AU Yeager, CM Arthur, KM Bottomley, PJ Arp, DJ AF Yeager, CM Arthur, KM Bottomley, PJ Arp, DJ TI Trichloroethylene degradation by toluene-oxidizing bacteria grown on non-aromatic substrates SO BIODEGRADATION LA English DT Article DE bioremediation; catabolite repression; fructose; Pseudomonas mendocina; toluene; trichloroethylene ID BURKHOLDERIA-CEPACIA G4; METHYLOSINUS-TRICHOSPORIUM OB3B; PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA; TOL PLASMID; PU PROMOTER; OXIDATION; EXPRESSION; KINETICS; INACTIVATION; DIOXYGENASE AB The potential of trichloroethylene ( TCE) to induce and non- aromatic growth substrates to support TCE degradation in five strains ( Pseudomonas mendocina KR1, Ralstonia pickettii PKO1, Pseudomonas putida F1, Burkholderia cepacia G4, B. cepacia PR1) of toluene- oxidizing bacteria was examined. LB broth and acetate did not support TCE degradation in any of the wild- type strains. In contrast, fructose supported the highest specific levels of TCE oxidation observed in each of the strains tested, except B. cepacia G4. We discuss the potential mechanisms and implications of this observation. In particular, cells of P. mendocina KR1 degraded significant amounts of TCE during cell growth on non- aromatic substrates. Apparently, TCE degradation was not completely constrained by any given factor in this microorganism, as was observed with P. putida F1 ( TCE was an extremely poor substrate) or B. cepacia G4 ( lack of oxygenase induction by TCE). Our results indicate that multiple physiological traits are required to enable useful TCE degradation by toluene- oxidizing bacteria in the absence of aromatic cosubstrates. These traits include oxygenase induction, effective TCE turnover, and some level of resistance to TCE mediated toxicity. C1 Oregon State Univ, Mol & Cellular Biol Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Yeager, CM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-9820 J9 BIODEGRADATION JI Biodegradation PD FEB PY 2004 VL 15 IS 1 BP 19 EP 28 DI 10.1023/B:BIOD.0000009947.09125.35 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 757AH UT WOS:000187517600003 PM 14971854 ER PT J AU Gentry, TJ Josephson, KL Pepper, IL AF Gentry, TJ Josephson, KL Pepper, IL TI Functional establishment of introduced chlorobenzoate degraders following bioaugmentation with newly activated soil - Enhanced contaminant remediation via activated soil bioaugmentation SO BIODEGRADATION LA English DT Article DE activated soil; bioaugmentation; Bradyrhizobium; Burkholderia; chlorobenzoate; plasmid ID GENE; BACTERIA; 3-CHLOROBENZOATE; DEGRADATION; EXPRESSION; DIVERSITY; GROWTH AB Introduced degraders often do not survive when applied to polluted sites; however, the potential for successful bioaugmentation may be increased if newly activated soil ( containing indigenous degrader populations recently exposed to the contaminant) or potentially active soil ( containing indigenous degrader populations not previously exposed to the contaminant) is used as the inoculant. To investigate this concept, Madera and Oversite soils were amended with 0 or 500 micrograms of 2-, 3-, or 4- chlorobenzoate per gram soil. The Madera degraded 2- chlorobenzoate while the Oversite degraded 3- and 4- chlorobenzoate. After 22 days of incubation, non- active soils that had not degraded chlorobenzoate were bioaugmented with the appropriate activated soil that had been exposed to and degraded chlorobenzoate. Thus, Oversite soil that had not degraded 2- chlorobenzoate was bioaugmented with Madera soil that had degraded 2- chlorobenzoate. Likewise, Madera soil that had not degraded 3- or 4- chlorobenzoate was bioaugmented with the Oversite soil that had degraded 3- or 4- chlorobenzoate. Additionally, the non- active soils were bioaugmented with the corresponding potentially active soils. The Oversite soil amended with activated Madera soil degraded the 2- chlorobenzoate within 3 days of bioaugmentation. The Madera soil amended with activated Oversite soils degraded the 3- and 4- chlorobenzoate within 20 and 6 days, respectively. Large degrader populations developed in microcosms bioaugmented with activated soil, and shifts in the 3- and 4- CB degrader community structures occurred following bioaugmentation. In contrast, bioaugmentation with potentially active soil did not impact degradation. The results indicate the potential for bioaugmentation with newly activated soil to enhance contaminant degradation. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Gentry, TJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [5 P42 ESO4940-09] NR 24 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-9820 J9 BIODEGRADATION JI Biodegradation PD FEB PY 2004 VL 15 IS 1 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1023/B:BIOD.0000009974.13147.82 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 757AH UT WOS:000187517600008 PM 14971859 ER PT J AU Goheen, SC Gaither, K Anantatmula, SM Mong, GM Sasser, LB Lessor, D AF Goheen, SC Gaither, K Anantatmula, SM Mong, GM Sasser, LB Lessor, D TI Corona discharge influences ozone concentrations near rats SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE ozone; electric field; free radicals; air ions ID NEGATIVE AIR IONS; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; POLLUTANT AEROSOLS; INCREASED EXPOSURE; WATER; DESTRUCTION; OXIDATION; GENERATOR AB Ozone can be produced by corona discharge either in dry air or when one electrode is submerged in water. Since ozone is toxic, we examined whether ozone production by corona near laboratory animals could reach levels of concern. Male rats were exposed to a corona discharge and the concentration of ozone produced was measured. The resulting concentration of ozone ranged from ambient levels to 250 ppb when animals were located 1 cm from a 10 kV source. Similar ozone concentrations were observed when a grounded water source was present. Possible explanations for, as well as concerns regarding, ozone production under these conditions are discussed. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Lab, Natl Secur Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Goheen, SC (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Lab, Natl Secur Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM steve.goheen@pnl.gov NR 33 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PD FEB PY 2004 VL 25 IS 2 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.1002/bem.10161 PG 7 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA 771PY UT WOS:000188796300005 PM 14735560 ER PT J AU Ryu, HS Hong, KS Lee, JK Kim, DJ Lee, JH Chang, BS Lee, DH Lee, CK Chung, SS AF Ryu, HS Hong, KS Lee, JK Kim, DJ Lee, JH Chang, BS Lee, DH Lee, CK Chung, SS TI Magnesia-doped HA/beta-TCP ceramics and evaluation of their biocompatibility SO BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE MgO doping; HA/TCP ceramics; sinterability; cytotoxicity; biocompatibility ID BETA-TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE; CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; BONE; HYDROXYAPATITE; BEHAVIOR; HYDROXYLAPATITE; TEMPERATURE; INTERFACE; RATIOS AB The sintering behavior, mechanical properties and biocompatibility of magnesia (MgO)-doped HA/TCP biphasic ceramics were studied. Pure HA/TCP ceramics showed poor sinterability due to the phase transformation of beta- to alpha-TCP. MgO-doped HA/TCP ceramics showed high density without any phase transformation of beta-TCP up to 1300degreesC, for MgO dopants incorporated into the PTCP preferably and increased thermal stability of beta-TCP. However, the addition of MgO higher than a critical content, suppressed grain growth of HA/TCP ceramics and lowered sinterability. The optimum amount of MgO doping was 1 wt%, which lead 99% relative density and higher mechanical properties than HA or beta-TCP ceramics. From in vitro test and in vivo test, 1 wt% MgO-doped HA/TCP ceramics showed a good biocompatibility without cytotoxicity. After implantation under the muscle of rabbits, beta-TCP phase was dissolved from the surface and a biological apatite covered the surface. These results proved that MgO addition increased drastically the sintering and mechanical properties of HA/beta-TCP ceramics without altering the biological safety and biocompatibility of the original composite. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Engn, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Mat Engn, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Med, Dept Orthoped Surg, Seoul 110744, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Coll Med, Dept Orthoped Surg, Seoul 135230, South Korea. RP Hong, KS (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Engn, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shinrim Dong San 56-1, Seoul 151742, South Korea. RI Chang, Bong Soon/J-5626-2012; Library, JinyoungPark/F-3767-2011; Lee, Jae Hyup/J-5596-2012 OI Library, JinyoungPark/0000-0003-0952-1374; Lee, Jae Hyup/0000-0002-2141-0266 NR 27 TC 95 Z9 102 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9612 J9 BIOMATERIALS JI Biomaterials PD FEB PY 2004 VL 25 IS 3 BP 393 EP 401 DI 10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00538-6 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 746CA UT WOS:000186727900003 PM 14585687 ER PT J AU Mohagheghi, A Dowe, N Schell, D Chou, YC Eddy, C Zhang, M AF Mohagheghi, A Dowe, N Schell, D Chou, YC Eddy, C Zhang, M TI Performance of a newly developed integrant of Zymomonas mobilis for ethanol production on corn stover hydrolysate SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE corn stover; ethanol; overliming; pretreatment; Zymomonas mobilis ID ACETIC-ACID; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; XYLOSE; FERMENTATION; INHIBITION; GLUCOSE; PH AB Efficient conversion of lignocellulosic biomass requires biocatalysts able to tolerate inhibitors produced by many pretreatment processes. Recombinant Zymomonas mobilis 8b, a recently developed integrant of Zymomonas mobilis 31821(pZB5), tolerated acetic acid up to 16 g l(-1) and achieved 82%-87% (w/w) ethanol yields from pure glucose/xylose solutions at pH 6 and temperatures of 30degreesC and 37degreesC. An ethanol yield of 85% (w/w) was achieved on glucose/xylose from hydrolysate produced by dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment of corn stover after an 'overliming' process was used to improve hydrolysate fermentability. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Mohagheghi, A (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM ali_mohagheghi@nrel.gov NR 16 TC 42 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 9 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 26 IS 4 BP 321 EP 325 DI 10.1023/B:BILE.0000015451.96737.96 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 772QM UT WOS:000188852800011 PM 15055769 ER PT J AU Sun, JL Lenschow, DH Burns, SP Banta, RM Newsom, RK Coulter, R Frasier, S Ince, T Nappo, C Balsley, BB Jensen, M Mahrt, L Miller, D Skelly, B AF Sun, JL Lenschow, DH Burns, SP Banta, RM Newsom, RK Coulter, R Frasier, S Ince, T Nappo, C Balsley, BB Jensen, M Mahrt, L Miller, D Skelly, B TI Atmospheric disturbances that generate intermittent turbulence in nocturnal boundary layers SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE intermittent turbulence; internal gravity wave; nocturnal boundary layer; solitary wave ID GRAVITY-WAVES; DOPPLER LIDAR; DENSITY-CURRENT; CASES-99; FOREST; INSTABILITY; CLIMATOLOGY; STABILITY; EXCHANGE; KITES AB Using the unprecedented observational facilities deployed during the 1999 Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study (CASES-99), we found three distinct turbulent events on the night of 18 October 1999. These events resulted from a density current, solitary wave, and internal gravity wave, respectively. Our study focuses on the turbulence intermittency generated by the solitary wave and internal gravity wave, and intermittent turbulence episodes associated with pressure change and wind direction shifts adjacent to the ground. Both the solitary and internal gravity waves propagated horizontally and downward. During the passage of both the solitary and internal gravity waves, local thermal and shear instabilities were generated as cold air was pushed above warm air and wind gusts reached to the ground. These thermal and shear instabilities triggered turbulent mixing events. In addition, strong vertical acceleration associated with the solitary wave led to large nonhydrostatic pressure perturbations that were positively correlated with temperature. The directional difference between the propagation of the internal gravity wave and the ambient flow led to lateral rolls. These episodic studies demonstrate that non-local disturbances are responsible for local thermal and shear instabilities, leading to intermittent turbulence in nocturnal boundary layers. The origin of these non-local disturbances needs to be understood to improve mesoscale numerical model performance. C1 Univ Colorado, Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, PAOS, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO USA. Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. RP Sun, JL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, PAOS, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RI Burns, Sean/A-9352-2008; Banta, Robert/B-8361-2008; Frasier, Stephen/H-1536-2015; Sun, Jielun/H-6576-2015; OI Burns, Sean/0000-0002-6258-1838; Frasier, Stephen/0000-0003-4287-2889; Sun, Jielun/0000-0003-3271-7914; LENSCHOW, DONALD/0000-0003-4353-0098 NR 41 TC 102 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 18 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 110 IS 2 BP 255 EP 279 DI 10.1023/A:1026097926169 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 727ML UT WOS:000185662500005 ER PT J AU Stimac, JA Goff, F Counce, D Larocque, ACL Hilton, DR Morgenstern, U AF Stimac, JA Goff, F Counce, D Larocque, ACL Hilton, DR Morgenstern, U TI The crater lake and hydrothermal system of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines: evolution in the decade after eruption SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mount Pinatubo; volcanic crater lake; lake formation; fluid chemistry; magmatic-hydrothermal system; helium isotopes; stable isotopes; tritium ID CONVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES; EL-CHICHON-VOLCANO; KAWAH-IJEN VOLCANO; ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE; COSTA-RICA; ST-HELENS; GEOCHEMISTRY; INDONESIA; WATERS; MEXICO AB The June 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines breached a significant, pre-eruptive magmatic-hydrothermal system consisting of a hot (>300degreesC) core at two-phase conditions and surrounding, cooler (<260&DEG;C) liquid outflows to the N and S. The eruption created a large, closed crater that accumulated hydrothermal upwellings, near-surface aquifer and meteoric inflows. A shallow lake formed by early September 1991, and showed a long-term increase in level of &SIM;1 m/month until an artificial drainage was created in September 2001. Comparison of the temporal trends in lake chemistry to pre- and post-eruptive springs distinguishes processes important in lake evolution. The lake was initially near-neutral pH and dominated by meteoric influx and Cl-SO4 and Cl-HCO3 hydrothermal waters, with peaks in SO4 and Ca concentrations resulting from leaching of anhydrite and aerosol-laden tephra. Magmatic discharge, acidity (pH&SIM;2) and rock dissolution peaked in late 1992, during and immediately after eruption of a lava dome on the crater floor. Since cessation of dome growth, trends in lake pH (increase from 3 to 5.5), temperature (decline from 40 to 26&DEG;C), and chemical and isotopic composition indicate that magmatic degassing and rock dissolution have declined significantly relative to the input of meteoric water and immature hydrothermal brine. Higher concentrations of Cl, Na, K, Li and B, and lower concentrations of Mg, Ca, Fe, SO4 and F up to 1999 highlight the importance of a dilute hydrothermal contribution, as do stable-isotope and tritium compositions of the various fluids. However, samples taken since that time indicate further dilution and steeper trends of increasing pH and declining temperature. Present gas and brine compositions from crater fumaroles and hot springs indicate boiling of an immature Cl-SO4 geothermal fluid of near-neutral pH at approximately 200&DEG;C, rather than direct discharge from magma. It appears that remnants of the pre-eruptive hydrothermal system invaded the magma conduit shortly after the end of dome emplacement, blocking the direct degassing path. This, along with the large catchment area (&SIM;5 km(2)) and the high precipitation rate of the area, led to a rapid transition from a small and hot acid lake to a large lake with near-ambient temperature and pH. This behavior contrasts with that of peak-activity lakes that have more sustained volcanic gas influx (e.g., Kawah Ijen, Indonesia; Poas and Rincon de la Vieja, Costa Rica). C1 Philippine Geothermal Inc, Makati, Philippines. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Geol Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Geosci Res Div, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Inst Geol & Nucl Sci, Gracefield Res Ctr, Lower Hutt, New Zealand. RP Stimac, JA (reprint author), Philippine Geothermal Inc, 12th Floor Citibank Tower,8741 Paseo de Roxas Blv, Makati, Philippines. EM jstimac@unocal.com RI Hilton, David/B-7611-2008 NR 60 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0258-8900 J9 B VOLCANOL JI Bull. Volcanol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 66 IS 2 BP 149 EP 167 DI 10.1007/s00445-003-0300-3 PG 19 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 771BM UT WOS:000188765700003 ER PT J AU Pani, R Pellegrini, R Cinti, MN Trotta, C Bennati, P Betti, M De Vincentis, G Cusanno, F Garibaldi, F Ridolfi, S Majewsky, S Tsui, BMW AF Pani, R Pellegrini, R Cinti, MN Trotta, C Bennati, P Betti, M De Vincentis, G Cusanno, F Garibaldi, F Ridolfi, S Majewsky, S Tsui, BMW TI New devices for imaging in nuclear medicine SO CANCER BIOTHERAPY AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th IRIST Meeting CY 2003 CL CAPRI, ITALY DE imaging; gamma camera; imaging probe; high resolution imaging ID ULTRA-HIGH-RESOLUTION; CAMERA AB Pinhole gamma camera imaging offers the ability to obtain high resolution images from single gamma ray emitting radiotracers playing a reasonable tradeoff between very small field of view (FoV) and sensitivity. On the other hand the total spatial resolution of a pinhole imaging device is predominantly affected by the detector intrinsic spatial resolution for reduced magnification factors. To design very compact pinhole SPET scanners with very high intrinsic spatial resolution, authors investigated a miniature gamma camera based on the newly developed Hamamatsu H8500 flat panel photomultiplier. The PSPMT was coupled to the following scintillation arrays: CsI(Tl) array with 0.2-mm, 1-mm, 1.4-mm pixel size and NaI (Tl) with 1-mm pixel size. The imaging performances were evaluated by Co-57 spot and flood irradiations. NaI(Tl) array shows a better pixel identification for 1 mm pixel size, proving to be a good candidate to make a large area photodetector based on multi PSPMTs closely packed. Although CsI(Tl) array had the smallest pixel size, the low light output limited the best intrinsic spatial resolution to about 0.5 mm. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Policlin Umberto I, Dept Expt Med & Pathol, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Biophys PhD Sch, I-00161 Rome, Italy. ISS, Phys Lab, Rome, Italy. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Pani, R (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Policlin Umberto I, Dept Expt Med & Pathol, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM roberto.pani@uniroma1.it RI Pellegrini, Rosanna/I-4021-2012; OI Pellegrini, Rosanna/0000-0002-4082-5272; ridolfi, stefano/0000-0002-2866-6344; De Vincentis, Giuseppe/0000-0003-4690-1528; Bennati, Paolo/0000-0002-8028-7392 NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1084-9785 J9 CANCER BIOTHER RADIO JI Cancer Biother. Radiopharm. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 IS 1 BP 121 EP 128 DI 10.1089/108497804773391766 PG 8 WC Oncology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 803KD UT WOS:000220229100015 PM 15068620 ER PT J AU Tada, H Bronkema, J Bell, AT AF Tada, H Bronkema, J Bell, AT TI Application of in situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to the study of citrate oxidation on silica-supported silver nanoparticles SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE SERS; silver; citrate oxidation ID INFRARED-SPECTRA; ISLAND FILMS; SCATTERING; MECHANISM; ETHYLENE; METHANOL; AG(110); ACID AB Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used to characterize citrate anions adsorbed on nanometer-sized particles of Ag supported on SiO2. The magnitude of the surface-enhancement effect was determined to be similar to 3 x 10(2) on the as-prepared samples of Ag/SiO2. Upon heating in air above 373 K, the citrate anions undergo oxidation to uni- and bidentate carbonate species and then decomposition to CO2 and adsorbed O atoms. In the SERS of Ag/SiO2, a very strong enhancement of the v(C = O) signal for the bidentate CO3 species was observed for temperatures between 398 and 448 K, which is accompanied by an increase in the UV-vis absorbance of the sample at the frequency of the laser line used for Raman spectroscopy. This phenomenon is attributed to an increase in the surface-enhancement effect caused by clustering of the Ag nanoparticles as they sinter at elevated temperatures. The present investigation shows that the proper interpretation of in situ SERS spectra requires an understanding of the changes occurring in the UV-vis spectrum of the sample. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Kinki Univ, Mol Engn Inst, Osaka 5778502, Japan. RP Tada, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM h-tada@apsrv.apch.kindai.ac.jp OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 31 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 92 IS 3-4 BP 93 EP 99 DI 10.1023/B:CATL.0000014338.20674.bf PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 770EB UT WOS:000188709300002 ER PT J AU Du, CW Pan, YT MacGowan, GA Koretsky, AP AF Du, CW Pan, YT MacGowan, GA Koretsky, AP TI Decreasing motion artifacts in calcium-dependent fluorescence transients from the perfused mouse heart using frequency filtering SO CELL CALCIUM LA English DT Article DE motion artifacts; calcium-dependent fluorescence; perfused heart; mouse; frequency filtering ID ALTERNANS; CA2+ AB A strategy has been developed for the removal of motion artifact and noise in calcium-dependent fluorescence transients from the perfused mouse heart using frequency filtering. An analytical model indicates that the spectral removal of motion artifacts is independent of the phase shift of the motion waveform in the frequency domain, and thus to the time shift (or delay) of motion in the time domain. This is based on the "shift theorem" of Fourier analysis, which avoids erroneous correction of motion artifact when using the motion signal obtained using reflectance from the heart. Several major steps are adopted to implement this model for elimination of motion as well as detection noise from the fluorescence transient signals from the calcium-sensitive probe Rhod-2. These include (1) extracting the fluorescence calcium transient signal from the raw data by using power spectrum density (PSD) in the frequency domain by subtracting the motion recorded using the reflectance of excitation light, (2) digitally filtering out the random noise using multiple bandpass filters centralized at harmonic frequencies of the transients, and (3) extracting high frequency noise with a Gaussian Kernel filter method. The processed signal of transients acquired with excessive motion artifact is comparable to transients acquired with minimal motion obtained by immobilizing the heart against the detection window, demonstrating the usefulness of this technique. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 NINDS, Lab Funct & Mol Imaging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Cardiovasc Inst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Koretsky, AP (reprint author), NINDS, Lab Funct & Mol Imaging, NIH, Bldg 10,B1D-69B,MSC 1060,9000 Rockville Pick, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM koretskya@ninds.nih.gov RI Koretsky, Alan/C-7940-2015 OI Koretsky, Alan/0000-0002-8085-4756 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 NS002989-08] NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0143-4160 J9 CELL CALCIUM JI Cell Calcium PD FEB PY 2004 VL 35 IS 2 BP 141 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.ceca.2003.08.005 PG 13 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 769JH UT WOS:000188646600006 PM 14706288 ER PT J AU Zak, M AF Zak, M TI Self-supervised dynamical systems SO CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS LA English DT Article ID INFORMATION AB A new type of dynamical systems which capture the interactions via information flows typical for active multi-agent systems is introduced. The mathematical formalism is based upon coupling the classical dynamical system (with random components caused by uncertainties in initial conditions as well as by Langevin forces) with the corresponding Liouville or the Fokker-Planck equations describing evolution of these uncertainties in terms of probability density. The coupling is implemented by information-based supervising forces which fundamentally change the patterns of probability evolution. It is demonstrated that the probability density can approach prescribed attractors while exhibiting such patterns as shock waves, solitons and chaos in probability space. Applications of these phenomena to information-based neural nets, expectation-based cooperation, self-programmed systems, control chaos using terminal attractors as well as to games with incomplete information, are addressed. A formal similarity between the mathematical structure of the introduced dynamical systems and quantum mechanics is discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Ultracomp Grp, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Syst Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zak, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Ultracomp Grp, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,M-S 126-347, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0779 J9 CHAOS SOLITON FRACT JI Chaos Solitons Fractals PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 IS 3 BP 645 EP 666 DI 10.1016/S0960-0779(03)00196-6 PG 22 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 726BG UT WOS:000185577600019 ER PT J AU Mally, A Zepnik, H Wanek, P Eder, E Dingley, K Ihmels, H Vokel, W Dekant, W AF Mally, A Zepnik, H Wanek, P Eder, E Dingley, K Ihmels, H Vokel, W Dekant, W TI Ochratoxin A: Lack of formation of covalent DNA adducts SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO; PEROXIDASE ACTIVATION; RATS; MUTAGENICITY; REACTIVITY; METABOLISM; INDUCTION; BACTERIAL; EXPOSURE; TOXICITY AB The mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) is a potent nephrotoxin and renal carcinogen in rodents. However, the mechanism of OTA-induced tumor formation is unknown and conflicting results have been obtained regarding the potential of OTA to bind to DNA. OTA is poorly metabolized, and no reactive intermediates capable of interacting with DNA have been detected in vitro or in vivo. Recently, a hydroquinone/quinone redox couple and a carbon-bonded OTA-deoxyguanosine (OTA-dG) adduct formed by electrochemical oxidation and photoreaction of OTA have been reported and suggested to be involved in OTA carcinogenicity. This study was designed to characterize the role of DNA binding and to determine if formation of these derivatives occurs in vivo and in relevant activation systems in vitro using specific and sensitive methods. Horseradish peroxidase activation of OTA and its dechlorinated analogue ochratoxin B (OTB) yielded ochratoxin A-hydroquinone (OTHQ), but the postulated OTA-dG adduct was not detectable using LC-MS/MS. In support of this, no OTA-related DNA adducts were observed by P-32-postlabeling. In vivo, only traces of OTHQ were found in the urine of male F344 rats treated with high doses of OTA (2 mg/kg body wt) for 2 weeks, suggesting that this metabolite is not formed to a relevant extent. In agreement with the in vitro data, OTA-dG was not detected by LC-MS/MS in liver and kidney DNA extracted from treated animals. In addition, DNA binding of OTA and OTB was assessed in male rats given a single dose of C-14-OTA or C-14-OTB using accelerator mass spectrometry, a highly sensitive method for quantifying extremely low concentrations of radiocarbon. The C-14 content in liver and kidney DNA from treated animals was not significantly different from controls, indicating that OTA does not form covalent DNA adducts in high yields. In summary, the results presented here demonstrate that DNA binding of OTA is not detectable with sensitive analytical methods and is unlikely to represent a mechanism for OTA-induced tumor formation. C1 Univ Wurzburg, Inst Toxikol, D-97078 Wurzburg, Germany. Univ Wurzburg, Inst Organ Chem, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Dekant, W (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Inst Toxikol, Versbacher Str 9, D-97078 Wurzburg, Germany. EM dekant@toxi.uni-wuerzburg.de OI Volkel, Wolfgang/0000-0002-2292-6168 NR 30 TC 100 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 17 IS 2 BP 234 EP 242 DI 10.1021/tx.034188m PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 775YF UT WOS:000189087700013 PM 14967011 ER PT J AU Solomon, EI Szilagyi, RK George, SD Basumallick, L AF Solomon, EI Szilagyi, RK George, SD Basumallick, L TI Electronic structures of metal sites in proteins and models: Contributions to function in blue copper proteins SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID RAY-ABSORPTION-EDGE; SULFUR ACTIVE-SITES; GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; PLASTOCYANIN SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CONTAINING NITRITE REDUCTASE; RESONANCE RAMAN INTENSITIES; CHARGE-TRANSFER TRANSITIONS; LIGAND K-EDGE; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; TUNNELING PATHWAYS C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Solomon, EI (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI DeBeer, Serena/G-6718-2012; Szilagyi, Robert/G-9268-2012 OI Szilagyi, Robert/0000-0002-9314-6222 NR 185 TC 526 Z9 530 U1 4 U2 84 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0009-2665 EI 1520-6890 J9 CHEM REV JI Chem. Rev. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 104 IS 2 BP 419 EP 458 DI 10.1021/cr0206317 PG 40 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 773QM UT WOS:000188934400005 PM 14871131 ER PT J AU Han, ZZ Karatan, E Scholle, MD McCafferty, J Kay, BK AF Han, ZZ Karatan, E Scholle, MD McCafferty, J Kay, BK TI Accelerated screening of phage-display output with alkaline phosphatase fusions SO COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY & HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING LA English DT Article DE alkaline phosphatase; ligation-independent cloning; ENTH domain; FN3 domain; gamma subunit of AP-1; SH3 domain ID COMBINATORIAL LIBRARY; PEPTIDE LIBRARIES; ANTIBODY FRAGMENT; PROTEIN; DOMAIN; CHAIN; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; TECHNOLOGY; SCAFFOLD AB When using multiple targets and libraries, selection of affinity reagents from phage-displayed libraries is a relatively time-consuming process. Herein, we describe an automation-amenable approach to accelerate the process by using alkaline phosphatase (AP) fusion proteins in place of the phage ELISA screening and subsequent confirmation steps with purified protein. After two or three rounds of affinity selection, the open reading frames that encode the affinity selected molecules (i.e., antibody fragments, engineered scaffold proteins, combinatorial peptides) are amplified from the phage or phagemid DNA molecules by PCR and cloned en masse by a Ligation Independent Cloning (LIC) method into a plasmid encoding a highly active variant of E. coli AP. This time-saving process identifies affinity reagents that work out of context of the phage and that can be used in various downstream enzyme linked binding assays. The utility of this approach was demonstrated by analyzing single-chain antibodies (scFvs), engineered fibronectin type III domains (FN3), and combinatorial peptides that were selected for binding to the Epsin N-terminal Homology (ENTH) domain of epsin 1, the c-Src SH3 domain, and the appendage domain of the gamma subunit of the clathrin adaptor complex, AP-1, respectively. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Combinatorial Biol Unit, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Tufts Univ, New England Med Ctr, Div Geog Med & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. RP Kay, BK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Combinatorial Biol Unit, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM bkay@anl.gov NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI HILVERSUM PA PO BOX 1673, 1200 BR HILVERSUM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-2073 J9 COMB CHEM HIGH T SCR JI Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screen PD FEB PY 2004 VL 7 IS 1 BP 55 EP 62 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Applied; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 803SA UT WOS:000220249600006 PM 14965261 ER PT J AU Colavecchia, FD Gasaneo, G AF Colavecchia, FD Gasaneo, G TI f1: a code to compute Appell's F-1 hypergeometric function SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE numerical methods; special functions; hypergeometric functions; Appell functions; Gauss function AB In this work we present the FORTRAN code to compute the hypergeometric function F-1 (alpha, beta(1), beta(2), gamma, x, y) of Appell. The program can compute the F-1 function for real values of the variables {x, y}, and complex values of the parameters {alpha, beta(1), beta(2), gamma}. The code uses different strategies to calculate the function according to the ideas outlined. C1 Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Grp T12, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Nacl Sur, Dept Fis, RA-8000 Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Univ Nacl Sur, Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-8000 Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina. RP Colavecchia, FD (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM flavioc@lanl.gov NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 157 IS 1 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(03)00490-9 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 775LA UT WOS:000189040800004 ER PT J AU Quinlan, DJ Schordan, M Miller, B Kowarschik, M AF Quinlan, DJ Schordan, M Miller, B Kowarschik, M TI Parallel object-oriented framework optimization SO CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Workshop on Compilers for Parallel Computers CY JUN, 2001 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND DE telescoping languages; AST restructuring tools; semantics-based transformations; object-oriented optimizations AB Sophisticated parallel languages are difficult to develop; most parallel distributed memory scientific applications are developed using a serial language, expressing parallelism through third party libraries (e.g. MPI). As a result, frameworks and libraries are often used to encapsulate significant complexities. We define a novel approach to optimize the use of libraries within applications. The resulting tool, named ROSE, leverages the additional semantics provided by library-defined abstractions enabling library specific optimization of application codes. It is a common perception that performance is inversely proportional to the level of abstraction. Our work shows that this is not the case if the additional semantics can be leveraged. We show how ROSE can be used to leverage the semantics within the compile-time optimization. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dept Comp Sci, Syst Simulat Grp, Erlangen, Germany. RP Quinlan, DJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM dquinlan@llnl.gov NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1532-0626 J9 CONCURR COMP-PRACT E JI Concurr. Comput.-Pract. Exp. PD FEB-MAR PY 2004 VL 16 IS 2-3 BP 293 EP 302 DI 10.1002/cpe.775 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 771DL UT WOS:000188770300010 ER PT J AU Page, JS Masselon, CD Smith, RD AF Page, JS Masselon, CD Smith, RD TI FTICR mass spectrometry for qualitative and quantitative bioanalyses SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ION-CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; ELECTRON-CAPTURE DISSOCIATION; CAPILLARY LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TOP-DOWN CHARACTERIZATION; AUTOMATED GAIN-CONTROL; MULTIPLY-CHARGED IONS; ACCURATE MASS; ESI-FTICR; INITIAL IMPLEMENTATION; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION AB Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) is playing an increasing role in the characterization of cellular systems owing to its capabilities for providing higher confidence of identification, increased dynamic range and sensitivity unmatched by other MS platforms. Particularly in proteomics, where global and quantitative approaches are essential, the attributes of FTICR-MS are poised to make significant contributions. Recent advances in the field that have particular importance for proteomic applications include the use of high-performance micro-capillary column separation techniques coupled to FTICR, as well as methods that improve protein identification, sensitivity, dynamic range and throughput. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rds@pnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA81654, CA86340]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR18522] NR 48 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 9 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 15 IS 1 BP 3 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2004.01.002 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 780EC UT WOS:000189358300002 PM 15102459 ER PT J AU Luo, KX AF Luo, KX TI Ski and SnoN: negative regulators of TGF-beta signaling SO CURRENT OPINION IN GENETICS & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Review ID TRANSFORMING-GROWTH-FACTOR; HISTONE DEACETYLASE COMPLEX; ANAPHASE-PROMOTING COMPLEX; PROTOONCOGENE C-SKI; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; SMAD PROTEINS; ONCOPROTEIN INTERACTS; ECTOPIC EXPRESSION; TRANSGENIC MICE AB Ski and SnoN are unique proto-oncoproteins in that they can induce both oncogenic transformation and terminal muscle differentiation when expressed at high levels. Recent studies using in vitro and in vivo approaches have begun to unravel the complex roles of Ski and SnoN in tumorigenesis and embryonic development. The identification of Ski and SnoN as important negative regulators of signal transduction by the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of cytokines provides a valuable molecular basis for the complex functions of Ski and SnoN. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Luo, KX (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, 237 Hildebrand Hall,Mail Code 3206, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kluo@uclink.berkeley.edu NR 50 TC 147 Z9 165 U1 0 U2 2 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0959-437X J9 CURR OPIN GENET DEV JI Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 14 IS 1 BP 65 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.gde.2003.11.003 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 774KG UT WOS:000188978200011 PM 15108807 ER PT J AU Larabell, CA Rowning, BA Moon, RT AF Larabell, CA Rowning, BA Moon, RT TI A PKC wave follows the calcium wave after activation of Xenopus eggs SO DIFFERENTIATION LA English DT Article DE fertilization; development; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate; diacylglycerol ID SEA-URCHIN EGGS; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C-GAMMA; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; TYROSINE KINASE; INOSITOL TRISPHOSPHATE; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; VITELLINE ENVELOPE; STARFISH EGGS; QUICK-FREEZE; LAEVIS EGGS AB Calcium waves are well-known hallmarks of egg activation that trigger resumption of the cell cycle and development of the embryo. These waves rapidly and efficiently assure that activation signals are transmitted to all regions of the egg. Although the mechanism by which the calcium wave propagates across an egg as large as that of Xenopus is not known, two models prevail. One model is a wave of calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) and the other is propagation by inositol-induced calcium release (IICR). IICR requires a wave of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) hydrolysis, generating two second messengers, IP3, which then releases calcium and DAG, which activates protein kinase C (PKC). We show here that a wave of PKC-green fluorescent protein travels across the egg immediately following, and at the same velocity as, the calcium wave. This is the first example of a PKC wave in a vertebrate egg and supports the IICR model of wave propagation. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM larabel@itsa.ucsf.edu RI Moon, Randall/B-1743-2014 OI Moon, Randall/0000-0002-9352-1408 NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4681 EI 1432-0436 J9 DIFFERENTIATION JI Differentiation PD FEB PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1 BP 41 EP 47 DI 10.1111/j.1432-0436.2004.07201005.x PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 777VN UT WOS:000189201100005 PM 15008825 ER PT J AU Cuesta, I Aschheim, MA Fajfar, P AF Cuesta, I Aschheim, MA Fajfar, P TI "Simplified R-factor relationships for strong ground motions" - Reply SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA LA English DT Editorial Material ID SPECTRA C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Santa Clara Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA. Univ Ljubljana, Fac Civil & Geodet Engn, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. RP Cuesta, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS C926, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE PI OAKLAND PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA SN 8755-2930 J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA JI Earthq. Spectra PD FEB PY 2004 VL 20 IS 1 BP 281 EP 282 DI 10.1193/1.1646162 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA 951VK UT WOS:000230959700013 ER PT J AU Akbari, H Konopacki, S AF Akbari, H Konopacki, S TI Energy effects of heat-island reduction strategies in Toronto, Canada SO ENERGY LA English DT Article ID SHADE TREES; PEAK POWER; SURFACES; SAVINGS AB The effect of heat-island reduction (HIR) strategies on annual energy savings and peak-power avoidance of the building sector of the Greater Toronto Area is calculated, using an hourly building energy simulation model. Results show that ratepayers could realize potential annual energy savings of over $11M from the effects of HIR strategies. The residential sector accounts for over half (59%) of the total savings, offices 13% and retail stores 28%. Savings from cool roofs are about 20%, shade trees 30%, wind shielding of trees 37%, and ambient cooling by trees and reflective surfaces 12%. These results are preliminary and highly sensitive to the relative price of gas and electricity. Potential annual electricity savings are estimated at about 150 GWh and potential peak power avoidance at 250 MW. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Heat Isl Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Akbari, H (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Heat Isl Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM h_akbari@lbl.gov NR 37 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD FEB PY 2004 VL 29 IS 2 BP 191 EP 210 DI 10.1016/j.energy.2003.09.004 PG 20 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA 760YU UT WOS:000187863500002 ER PT J AU Hunger, S Cho, H Sims, JT Sparks, DL AF Hunger, S Cho, H Sims, JT Sparks, DL TI Direct speciation of phosphorus in alum-amended poultry litter: Solid-state P-31 NMR investigation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SOIL ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; MAS NMR; AGRICULTURAL PHOSPHORUS; CHEMICAL AMENDMENTS; SPECTROSCOPY; PHOSPHATE; SLUDGE; GLASSES; CALCIUM AB Amending poultry litter (PL) with aluminum sulfate (alum) has proven to be effective in reducing water-soluble phosphorus (P) in the litter and in runoff from fields that have received PL applications; it has therefore been suggested as a best management practice. Although its effectiveness has been demonstrated on a macroscopic scale in the field, little is known about P speciation in either alum-amended or unamended litter. This knowledge is important for the evaluation of the long-term stability and bioavailability of P, which is a necessary prerequisite for the assessment of the sustainability of intensive poultry operations. Both solid-state MAS and CP-MAS P-31 NMR as well as P-31{Al-27}-TRAPDOR were used to investigate P speciation in alum-amended and unamended PL. The results indicate the presence of a complex mixture of organic and inorganic orthophosphate phases. A calcium phosphate phase, probably a surface precipitate on calcium carbonate, could be identified in both unamended and alum-amended PL, as wellas physically bound HPO42-. Phosphate associated with Al was found in the alum-amended PL, most probably a mixture of a poorly ordered wavellite and phosphate surface complexes on aluminum hydroxide that had been formed by the hydrolysis of alum. However, a complex mixture of organic and inorganic phosphate species could not be resolved. Phosphate associated with Al comprised on average 40 +/- 14% of the total P in alum-amended PL, whereas calcium phosphate phases comprised on average 7 +/- 4% in the alum-amended PL and 14 +/- 15% in the unamended PL. C1 Univ Leeds, Sch Earth Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA. RP Hunger, S (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Earth Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM s.hunger@earth.leeds.ac.uk NR 65 TC 69 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 3 BP 674 EP 681 DI 10.1021/es034755s PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 769NE UT WOS:000188656000016 PM 14968850 ER PT J AU Reina, RG Leri, AC Myneni, SCB AF Reina, RG Leri, AC Myneni, SCB TI ClK-edge x-ray spectroscopic investigation of enzymatic formation of organochlorines in weathering plant material SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORGANICALLY BOUND HALOGENS; ACTIVE OXYGEN; CHLOROPEROXIDASE; CHLORINATION; SOIL; HYDROCARBONS; ACIDS; MECHANISM; COVALENCY; PHENOLS AB The contribution of halocarbons from plant weathering to the total organohalogen budget of terrestrial systems is gaining recognition. To evaluate the formation of such halocarbons, speciation of chlorine in Sequoia sempervirens (redwood) needles was examined in the presence of an external chloroperoxidase (CPO) enzyme using Cl K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The Cl forms in fresh and naturally weathered needles and in model laboratory reactions were compared. To provide a straightforward analogue to the enzymatic chlorination in plants, chlorination reactions were conducted for phenol, a common moiety of plant macromolecules. Plant material chlorination was also examined in the presence of hypochlorite in an ancillary mechanistic investigation. The dominant form of Cl in fresh, unreacted plant material was found to be inorganic Cl(-), which was partially converted to organochlorine in the presence of CPO. Chlorination is affected by the nature of reactant (CPO, H(2)O(2)) addition, reaction time, and temperature. The organochlorines produced in these laboratory investigations closely resemble those produced during the natural weathering of redwood needles. A striking consistency in chlorine speciation observed among the various sample types suggests that (i) CPO produced byterrestrial organisms could play a vital role in the generation of organochlorines associated with the degradation of plant material and (ii) initial targets of enzymatic chlorination might include lignin-like macromolecules rich in aromatic character and hydroxyl groups. These findings lend further credibility to a significant biogenic contribution to the global organohalogen burden by elucidating a probable route of enzymatic chlorination of natural organic matter in terrestrial systems. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Myneni, SCB (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM smyneni@princeton.edu NR 42 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 3 BP 783 EP 789 DI 10.1021/es0347336 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 769NE UT WOS:000188656000031 PM 14968865 ER PT J AU Johnson, MB AF Johnson, MB TI Propagation of fast partons in the nuclear medium SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID DRELL-YAN PROCESS; ENERGY-LOSS; DIS AB The color dipole approach has been applied in the target rest frame to address the issues of transverse momentum broadening and energy loss of a fast quark propagating in the nuclear medium. A recent application of the theory to the FermiLab E772/E866 experimental data, determining the rate of energy loss of a quark propagating in the medium to be 2 to 3 GeV/fm, will be reviewed. Calculations for the transverse momentum distribution will be presented, and the results will be compared to the E866 data. The theory will be shown to compare favorably to the data, and these results will be shown to suggest that the momentum broadening of a quark is about twice the generally accepted size. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Johnson, MB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 105 EP 110 DI 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-018-8 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 777XL UT WOS:000189209100018 ER PT J AU Leitch, MJ AF Leitch, MJ TI J/Psi and heavy-quark production in E866/FNAL and PHENIX SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-DEPENDENCE; DIMUON PRODUCTION; PSI'; COLLISIONS; GEV/C AB The production of heavy quarks in nuclei is modified from that for a free nucleon by a number of nuclear effects including shadowing of the nuclear gluon distributions, energy loss of the incident gluon, and, in the case of the J/Psi, disassociation of the c (c) over bar pair (absorption) as it exits the nucleus. Measurements in the E866/NuSea 800 GeV fixed target experiment show a large suppression of the closed-charm yield with strong kinematical dependencies and with a slightly stronger suppression for the Psi' than for the J/Psi near x(F)=0. On the other hand, a measurement of the D meson nuclear dependence near x(F)=0 shows no suppression. At RHIC the J/Psi is thought to be a key signature for the creation of a quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in heavy-ion collisions, but the non-QGP suppression already seen in p-A collisions at lower energies shows that we must first understand these non-QGP effects on the J/Psi in order to gain a clear understanding of its production in nucleus-nucleus collisions. The most recent run at RHIC included deuteron-gold collisions and will serve as a baseline for these cold nuclear matter effects at RHIC energy. Here I report on the first results for the J/Psi and for open-charm at PHENIX including the d-Au results. The present knowledge of gluon shadowing is very uncertain, especially in the large rapidity region of the PHENIX muon arms, and these measurements should help us determine how strong it is and perhaps even its dependence on impact parameter. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, P-25,MS H846, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM leitch@lanl.gov NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 129 EP 132 DI 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-020-2 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 777XL UT WOS:000189209100020 ER PT J AU Reitz, B AF Reitz, B CA Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration TI The He-4(e,e ' p)H-3 reaction at JLab SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS; IMPULSE APPROXIMATION; NUCLEI; COMPONENTS AB In the recent experiment E97-111 at Jefferson Lab the unseparated cross section for the (e,e'p) reaction on He-4 was measured at recoil momenta up to 530 MeV/c. In the plane-wave impulse approximation, many calculations predict a sharp minimum in the cross section for recoil momenta around 450 MeV/c and show that its location is sensitive to the short-range part of the internucleon potential. However, reaction dynamic effects such as final-state interactions and meson-exchange currents can obscure such a minimum. To distinguish and study these effects data were taken at several different kinematic points. The preliminary results of the experiment are presented and compared to recent model calculations. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Reitz, B (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 165 EP 169 DI 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-027-7 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 777XL UT WOS:000189209100027 ER PT J AU Higinbotham, DW AF Higinbotham, DW CA Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration TI He-3(e,e ' p)d and He-3(e,e ' p)pn at high momentum transfer - Results from the Jefferson Lab E89-044 experiment SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; NUCLEONS AB The (e,e(')p) reaction has proven to be a useful tool for studying specific aspects of the nucleus. The Jefferson Lab continuous electron beam accelerator facility (CEBAF) along with the high resolution spectrometers in the Hall A end station allow this reaction to be studied in kinematics heretofore unaccessible. In this paper the results of the Jefferson Lab Hall A He-3(e,e(')p)d and He-3(e,e'p)pn measurements, performed at a fixed q=1.5 GeV/c and omega=840 MeV, will be presented along with theoretical calculations by G. Salme, J.-M. Laget, and J. Udias. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Higinbotham, DW (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RI Higinbotham, Douglas/J-9394-2014 OI Higinbotham, Douglas/0000-0003-2758-6526 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 171 EP 174 DI 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-028-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 777XL UT WOS:000189209100028 ER PT J AU Ullrich, TS AF Ullrich, TS TI The study of high density matter at RHIC - Survey of experimental results from RHIC SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID AU-AU COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; HADRON-PRODUCTION; ENERGY-LOSS; QCD; SPECTRA; MODEL; SPS AB QCD predicts a phase transition between hadronic matter and a Quark Gluon Plasma at high energy density. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory is a new facility dedicated to the experimental study of matter under extreme conditions. Already the first round of experimental results at RHIC indicated that the conditions to create a new state of matter are indeed reached in the collisions of heavy nuclei. Studies of particle spectra and their correlations at low transverse momenta provide evidence of strong pressure gradients in the highly interacting dense medium and hint that we observe a system in thermal equilibrium. Recent runs with high statistics allow us to explore the regime of hard-scattering processes where the suppression of hadrons at large transverse momentum, and quenching of di-jets are observed thus providing further evidence for extreme high density matter created in collisions at RHIC. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 213 EP 221 DI 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-036-6 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 777XL UT WOS:000189209100036 ER PT J AU de Jager, K AF de Jager, K TI Research perspectives at Jefferson Lab: 12 GeV and beyond SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article AB The plans for upgrading the CEBAF accelerator at Jefferson Lab to 12 GeV are presented. The research program supporting that upgrade is illustrated with a few selected examples. The instrumentation under design to carry out that research program is discussed. Finally, a conceptual design of a future upgrade which combines an electron-ion collider facility at a luminosity of up to 10(35) cm(-2)s(-1) and a CM energy of up to 65 GeV with a 25 GeV fixed-target facility. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP de Jager, K (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 243 EP 247 DI 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-040-x PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 777XL UT WOS:000189209100040 ER PT J AU de Jager, K AF de Jager, K TI Recent results from JLab on nucleon responses SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC FORM-FACTOR; NEUTRON SPIN STRUCTURE; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; POLARIZED ELECTRONS; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; SUM-RULES; DISTRIBUTIONS; QUARK; HE-3 AB Highlights of recent data from Jefferson Lab on the nucleon response to an electro-magnetic probe are presented. Recent technological advances in polarized beams and either polarized targets or nucleon recoil polarimeters have yielded a significant improvement on the precision of the data. An outlook is presented of planned experiments. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP de Jager, K (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 267 EP 273 DI 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-044-6 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 777XL UT WOS:000189209100044 ER PT J AU de Jager, C Wojtsekhowski, B Tedeschi, D Vlahovic, B Abbott, D Asai, J Feldman, G Hotta, T Khadaker, M Kohri, H Matsumara, T Mibe, T Nakano, T Nelyubin, V Orielly, G Rudge, A Weilhammer, P Wood, M Yorita, T Zegers, R AF de Jager, C Wojtsekhowski, B Tedeschi, D Vlahovic, B Abbott, D Asai, J Feldman, G Hotta, T Khadaker, M Kohri, H Matsumara, T Mibe, T Nakano, T Nelyubin, V Orielly, G Rudge, A Weilhammer, P Wood, M Yorita, T Zegers, R TI A pair polarimeter for linearly polarized high energy photons SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON SYNCHROTRON; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; RADIATOR AB A high quality beam of linearly polarized photons of several GeV will become available with the coherent bremsstrahlung technique at JLab. We have developed a polarimeter which requires about two meters of the beam line, has an analyzing power of 20% and an efficiency of 0.02%. The layout and first results of a polarimeter test on the laser back-scattering photon beam at SPring-8/LEPS are presented. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. N Carolina Cent Univ, Durham, NC 27707 USA. Univ Saskatchewan, Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20064 USA. Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys, Osaka 5670047, Japan. Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. CERN, Div EP, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Mikazuki, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. RP de Jager, C (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RI Zegers, Remco/A-6847-2008 NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 275 EP 278 DI 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-045-5 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 777XL UT WOS:000189209100045 ER PT J AU Deshpande, A AF Deshpande, A TI eRHIC: The electron ion collider at BNL SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article AB Addition of a high intensity & high energy polarized electron/positron beam facility to the already existing Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) complex so that electrons/positron from that facility could collide with the RHIC hadron beams, would significantly enhance RHIC's ability to explore fundamental and universal aspects of QCD. We present here the high lights of the physics program that could result as a result of such a RHIC upgrade. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Deshpande, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP 289 EP 290 DI 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-048-2 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 777XL UT WOS:000189209100048 ER PT J AU Sansone, BC Condat, CA Scalerandi, M AF Sansone, BC Condat, CA Scalerandi, M TI Transformation threshold and time-dependent TAF generation in an angiogenesis model SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-GROWTH; CANCER GROWTH; THERAPY; COMPETITION; INHIBITION; MECHANISMS; RESISTANCE; DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS AB Angiogenesis ensures the success of cancer growth. This enlargement of the vascular system feeding a tumor is induced by tumor angiogenic factors (TAFs), which are molecular messengers emitted by starving cancer cells. We apply a recently developed angiogenesis model to study the influence of variations in the TAF generation rate on vascular growth and to analyze the effects of changing the threshold for endothelial cell transformation, which is a crucial parameter in the description of this process. C1 Politecn Torino, Dipartimento Fis, INFM, Turin, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Univ Nacl Cordoba, CONICET, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. Univ Nacl Cordoba, FaMAF, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. RP Sansone, BC (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dipartimento Fis, INFM, Turin, Italy. EM condat@uprm.edu OI SCALERANDI, MARCO/0000-0003-0809-9976 NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1286-0042 J9 EUR PHYS J-APPL PHYS JI Eur. Phys. J.-Appl. Phys PD FEB PY 2004 VL 25 IS 2 BP 133 EP 140 DI 10.1051/epjap:2003086 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 765CK UT WOS:000188249400007 ER PT J AU Bussmann-Holder, A Micnas, R Bishop, AR AF Bussmann-Holder, A Micnas, R Bishop, AR TI Enhancements of the superconducting transition temperature within the two-band model SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B LA English DT Article ID T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; OVERLAPPING BANDS; MGB2 AB The two-band model as introduced by Suhl, Matthias and Walker [Phys. Rev. Lett. 3, 552 (1959)] accounts for multiple energy bands in the vicinity of the Fermi energy which could contribute to electron pairing in superconducting systems. Here, extensions of this model are investigated wherein the effects of coupled superconducting order parameters with different symmetries and the presence of strong electron-lattice coupling on the superconducting transition temperature T-c are studied . Substantial enhancements of T-c are obtained from both effects. C1 Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Phys, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bussmann-Holder, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. EM a.bussmann-holder@fkf.mpg.de RI Micnas, Roman/E-9668-2015 NR 20 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6028 EI 1434-6036 J9 EUR PHYS J B JI Eur. Phys. J. B PD FEB PY 2004 VL 37 IS 3 BP 345 EP 348 DI 10.1140/epjb/e2004-00065-5 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 812SX UT WOS:000220860300009 ER PT J AU Voigt, J Kentzinger, E Rucker, U Wermeille, D Hupfeld, D Schweika, W Schmidt, W Bruckel, T AF Voigt, J Kentzinger, E Rucker, U Wermeille, D Hupfeld, D Schweika, W Schmidt, W Bruckel, T TI Direct observation of the interlayer exchange coupling mechanism in a magnetic [Er vertical bar Tb] multilayer SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERLATTICES; SCATTERING; ERBIUM; POLARIZATION; FILMS; ORDER AB Proximity effects in an [Er(20)\Tb(5)] superlattice lead to the formation of new magnetic phases. Modulated magnetic order, expected for pure Er, and ferromagnetic order expected for pure Tb, coexist at low temperatures. Employing X-ray resonance exchange scattering, we could probe directly the respective spin polarisations of the conduction band electrons, providing a mechanism for the interlayer coupling. The different anisotropies of Er and Tb compete with this tendency to long-range magnetic order, leading to substant(?) thermal-hysteresis effects. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. RP Voigt, J (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RI Bruckel, Thomas/J-2968-2013 OI Bruckel, Thomas/0000-0003-1378-0416 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 65 IS 4 BP 560 EP 566 DI 10.1209/epli2003-10111-6 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 842UR UT WOS:000223030300018 ER PT J AU Meyer, TR Fiechtner, GJ Gogineni, SP Rolon, JC Carter, CD Gord, JR AF Meyer, TR Fiechtner, GJ Gogineni, SP Rolon, JC Carter, CD Gord, JR TI Simultaneous PLIF/PIV investigation of vortex-induced annular extinction in H-2-air counterflow diffusion flames SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-MEASUREMENTS; PROPAGATION AB High-temporal-resolution measurements of scalars and velocity are used to study vortex-induced annular (off-centerline) flame extinction during the interaction of a propagating vortex with an initially stationary counterflow hydrogen-air diffusion flame. Such an extinction process differs from classical one-dimensional descriptions of strained flamelets in that it captures the effects of flame curvature as well as dynamic strain. Planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) measurements of the hydroxyl radical (OH) are used to track flame development, and simultaneous particle-image velocimetry (PIV) is used to characterize the two-dimensional flowfield. Measurements reveal differences in local normal strain rate profiles along and across the reaction zone and indicate that vortex-induced curvature in the annular region may initiate the extinction process. In addition, the effect of local flame extinction on vortex evolution and dissipation is determined from measured vorticity data. C1 Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Ecole Cent Paris, CNRS, Lab EM2C, F-92295 Chatenay Malabry, France. USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Meyer, TR (reprint author), Innovat Sci Solut Inc, 2766 Indian Ripple Rd, Dayton, OH 45440 USA. EM Terrence.Meyer@wpafb.af.mil RI Meyer, Terrence/F-1556-2011 NR 37 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0723-4864 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD FEB PY 2004 VL 36 IS 2 BP 259 EP 267 DI 10.1007/s00348-003-0698-6 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 777VW UT WOS:000189202000004 ER PT J AU Balkwill, DL Kieft, TL Tsukuda, T Kostandarithes, HM Onstott, TC Macnaughton, S Bownas, J Fredrickson, JK AF Balkwill, DL Kieft, TL Tsukuda, T Kostandarithes, HM Onstott, TC Macnaughton, S Bownas, J Fredrickson, JK TI Identification of iron-reducing Thermus strains as Thermus scotoductus SO EXTREMOPHILES LA English DT Article DE bacteria; deep subsurface; iron reduction; Thermus scotoductus ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA STRUCTURES; HOT TAP WATER; SP-NOV; THERMOPHILIC BACTERIUM; DNA HYBRIDIZATION; RENATURATION RATES; ARSENITE OXIDATION; ANAEROBIC GROWTH; GENUS THERMUS; AQUATICUS AB Thermus strain SA-01, previously isolated from a deep (3.2 km) South African gold mine, is closely related to Thermus strains NMX2 A.1 and VI-7 (previously isolated from thermal springs in New Mexico, USA, and Portugal, respectively). Thermus strains SA-01 and NMX2 A.1 have also been shown previously to grow using nitrate, Fe(III), Mn(IV) or S-O as terminal electron acceptors and to be capable of reducing Cr(VI), U(VI), Co(III), and the quinone-containing compound anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate. The objectives of this study were to determine the phylogenetic positions of the three known metal-reducing Thermus strains and to determine the phylogenetic significance of metal reduction within the genus Thermus. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rDNA sequences, BOX PCR genomic fingerprinting, and DNA-DNA reassociation analyses indicated that these strains belong to the previously described genospecies T. scotoductus. The morphologies and lipid fatty acid profiles of these metal-reducing strains are consistent with their identification as T. scotoductus; however, the T. scotoductus strains tested in this study evinced a wide intraspecies variability in some other phenotypic traits, e.g., carbon substrate utilization and pigmentation. Iron reduction occurred in all strains of T. scotoductus tested except the mixotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing strain IT-7254. Thermus strains belonging to other species did not reduce Fe(III) to Fe(II) or reduced it only poorly. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Biol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Natl Environm Technol Ctr, AEA Technol Environm, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Balkwill, DL (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM david.balkwill@med.fsu.edu NR 48 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG TOKYO PI TOKYO PA 3-3-13, HONGO, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0033, JAPAN SN 1431-0651 J9 EXTREMOPHILES JI Extremophiles PD FEB PY 2004 VL 8 IS 1 BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1007/s00792-003-0357-0 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 769RV UT WOS:000188664300005 PM 15064988 ER PT J AU Zeng, Z Natesan, K AF Zeng, Z Natesan, K TI Fabrication of CaO insulator coatings by MOCVD for application in vanadium/lithium blankets SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE CaO; insulator coating; fusion; coolant blanket ID ALLOYS AB The blanket system is one of the most important components in a fusion reactor because it has a major impact on both the economics and safety of fusion energy. The primary functions of the blanket in a deuterium/tritium-fueled fusion reactor are to convert the fusion energy into sensible heat and to breed tritium for the fuel cycle. The self-cooled liquid metal blanket concept requires an electrically insulating coating on the first-wall structural material to minimize the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pressure drop that occurs during the flow of liquid metal in a magnetic field. Calcium oxide is a possible coating material because it is an excellent electrical insulator and it has large negative free energy to prevent the attack from liquid lithium. In this paper, details are presented on the metallorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method that was used to fabricate the CaO coating. The as-deposited CaO coating was annealed in calcium vapor to prevent coating spallation. Composition and phase analyses of the coating were performed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the coating did not crack after several thermal cycles from room temperature to 715 degreesC. The resistance of the coating was high enough for application as an insulating coating for the self-cooled lithium blanket in fusion systems. The information on Li compatibility is only preliminary and additional effort is needed to evaluate their long-term performance in fusion-relevant conditions. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zeng, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM zeng@anl.gov NR 8 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 BP 87 EP 93 DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00400-9 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 802RH UT WOS:000220180100002 ER PT J AU Leem, SH Kouprina, N Grimwood, J Kim, JH Mullokandov, M Yoon, YH Chae, JY Morgan, J Lucas, S Richardson, P Detter, C Glavina, T Rubin, E Barrett, JC Larionov, V AF Leem, SH Kouprina, N Grimwood, J Kim, JH Mullokandov, M Yoon, YH Chae, JY Morgan, J Lucas, S Richardson, P Detter, C Glavina, T Rubin, E Barrett, JC Larionov, V TI Closing the gaps on human chromosome 19 revealed genes with a high density of repetitive tandemly arrayed elements SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORMATION-ASSOCIATED RECOMBINATION; COMPLEX GENOMES; SEQUENCE; CLONING; YEAST; DNA; REPEATS; ORGANIZATION; CHROMOSOME-2; REGION AB The reported human genome sequence includes about 400 gaps of unknown sequence that were not found in the bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) and cosmid libraries used for sequencing of the genome. These missing sequences correspond to similar to1% of euchromatic regions of the human genome. Gap filling is a laborious process because it relies on analysis of random clones of numerous genomic BAC or cosmid libraries. In this work we demonstrate that closing the gaps can be accelerated by a selective recombinational capture of missing chromosomal segments in yeast. The use of both methodologies allowed us to close the four remaining gaps on the human chromosome 19. Analysis of the gap sequences revealed that they contain several abnormalities that could result in instability of the sequences in microbe hosts, including large blocks of micro- and minisatellites and a high density of Alu repeats. Sequencing of the gap regions, in both BAC and YAC forms, allowed us to generate a complete sequence of four genes, including the neuronal cell signaling gene SCK1/SLI The SCK1/SLI gene contains a record number of minisatellites, most of which are polymorphic and transmitted through meiosis following a Mendelian inheritance. In conclusion, the use of the alternative recombinational cloning system in yeast may greatly accelerate work on closing the remaining gaps in the human genome (as well as in other complex genomes) to achieve the goal of annotation of all human genes. C1 NCI, Lab Biosyst & Canc, Canc Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Dong A Univ, Dept Biol, Pusan 604714, South Korea. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Larionov, V (reprint author), NCI, Lab Biosyst & Canc, Canc Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM larionov@mail.nih.gov NR 27 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 2 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 1088-9051 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 14 IS 2 BP 239 EP 246 DI 10.1101/gr.1929904 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 771XR UT WOS:000188811800005 PM 14718380 ER PT J AU Wan, JM Tokunaga, TK Larsen, JT Serne, RJ AF Wan, JM Tokunaga, TK Larsen, JT Serne, RJ TI Geochemical evolution of highly alkaline and saline tank waste plumes during seepage through vadose zone sediments SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID HANFORD SITE AB Leakage of highly saline and alkaline radioactive waste from storage tanks into underlying sediments is a serious environmental problem at the Hanford Site in Washington State. This study focuses on geochemical evolution of tank waste plumes resulting from interactions between the waste solution and sediment. A synthetic tank waste solution was infused into unsaturated Hanford sediment columns (0.2, 0.6, and 2 m) maintained at 70degreesC to simulate the field contamination process. Spatially and temporally resolved geochemical profiles of the waste plume were obtained. Thorough OH- neutralization (from an initial pH 14 down to 6.3) was observed. Three broad zones of pore solutions were identified to categorize the dominant geochemical reactions: the silicate dissolution zone (pH > 10), pH-neutralized zone (pH 10 to 6.5), and displaced native sediment pore water (pH 6.5 to 8). Elevated concentrations of Si, Fe, and K in plume fluids and their depleted concentrations in plume sediments reflected dissolution of primary minerals within the silicate dissolution zone. The very high Na concentrations in the waste solution resulted in rapid and complete cation exchange, reflected in high concentrations of Ca and Mg at the plume front. The plume-sediment profiles also showed deposition of hydrated solids and carbonates. Fair correspondence was obtained between these results and analyses of field borehole samples from a waste plume at the Hanford Site. Results of this study provide a well-defined framework for understanding waste plumes in the more complex field setting and for understanding geochemical factors controlling transport of contaminant species carried in waste solutions that leaked from single-shell storage tanks in the past. Copyright (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Technol Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wan, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jwan@lbl.gov RI Tokunaga, Tetsu/H-2790-2014; Wan, Jiamin/H-6656-2014 OI Tokunaga, Tetsu/0000-0003-0861-6128; NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD FEB PY 2004 VL 68 IS 3 BP 491 EP 502 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00482-4 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 766TK UT WOS:000188391500007 ER PT J AU Jimenez-Lopez, C Romanek, CS AF Jimenez-Lopez, C Romanek, CS TI Precipitation kinetics and carbon isotope partitioning of inorganic siderite at 25 degrees C and 1 atm SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID EARLY DIAGENETIC SIDERITE; CALCIUM-CARBONATE; DISSOLUTION KINETICS; METEORITE ALH84001; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; SEA-WATER; FRACTIONATION; TEMPERATURE; OXYGEN; CONCRETIONS AB Siderite was precipitated from NaHCO3 and Fe(ClO4)2 solutions under anaerobic conditions at 25degreesC and 1 atm total pressure using a modified version of the chemo-stat technique and the free-drift technique. Samples of solution and solid were withdrawn at different time intervals during time course experiments to determine the bulk and isotope composition of the solution and solid, and the morphology and mineralogy of the solid. A series of metastable precursors precipitated and dissolved sequentially, culminating in well-crystallized siderite rhombohedra having an average edge of similar to 2 mum and a limited size distribution. Siderite precipitation rate ranged from 10(0.23) to 10(2.44) mumol.m(-2).h(-1) for saturation states (with respect to siderite) ranging from near equilibrium to 10(3.53). Calculated carbon isotope fractionation factors (10(3)lnalpha) averaged 8.5 +/- 0.2 (1sigma; n = 4) for the siderite-CO2(g) system and 0.5 +/- 0.2 (1sigma; n = 4) for the siderite-HCO3(aq)- system. Copyright (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Geol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Romanek, CS (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM romanek@srel.edu NR 77 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD FEB PY 2004 VL 68 IS 3 BP 557 EP 571 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00460-5 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 766TK UT WOS:000188391500012 ER PT J AU Bleck, R Sun, S AF Bleck, R Sun, S TI Diagnostics of the oceanic thermohaline circulation in a coupled climate model SO GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE LA English DT Article DE oceanic thermohaline circulation; climate model; HYCOM ID SOUTHERN-OCEAN; TRANSFORMATION; ATMOSPHERE; FORCINGS AB Two century-scale integrations of a global coupled model consisting of the GISS atmospheric model and the HYCOM ocean model are carried out: a control run assuming fixed atmospheric composition, and a perturbation run assuming gradual doubling Of CO2. The model does not use flux corrections at the air-sea interface, nor is the ocean "spun up" prior to coupling: When increasing CO2 at the rate of 1% per year to twice its original level and keeping it constant thereafter, the model responds with a 2 degreesC increase in 200 years in the global mean surface air temperature and a virtually unchanged Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC). Due to the predominantly isopycnic character of HYCOM, geographic details of the 3-D thermohaline circulation in potential density space can be extracted from the model output with relative ease. The analysis confirms that even regional details of the MOC in this experiment are rather insensitive to the climate change brought on by CO2 doubling. Furthermore, the analysis reveals strong similarities between the simulated and the observed MOC. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. RP Bleck, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop B296, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bleck@lanl.gov RI Sun, Shan/H-2318-2015 NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8181 J9 GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE JI Glob. Planet. Change PD FEB PY 2004 VL 40 IS 3-4 BP 233 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2003.04.002 PG 16 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 762JC UT WOS:000187967500002 ER PT J AU Kramer, GH Lynch, T Lopez, MA Hauck, BM AF Kramer, GH Lynch, T Lopez, MA Hauck, BM TI Summing coincidence errors using Eu-152 lungs to calibrate a lung-counting system: Are they significant? SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE operational topic; Eu-152; phantom; lungs, human AB The use of a lung phantom containing Eu-152/Am-241 activity can provide a sufficient number of energy lines to generate an efficiency calibration for the in vivo measurements of radioactive materials in the lungs. However, due to the number of energy lines associated with Eu-152, coincidence summing occurs and can present a problem when using such a phantom for calibrating lung-counting systems. A Summing Peak Effect Study was conducted at three laboratories to determine the effect or using an efficiency calibration based on a Eu-152/Am-241 lung phantom. The measurement data at all three laboratories showed the presence of sum peaks. While one of the laboratories found only small biases (<5%) when using the Eu-152/Am-241 calibration, the other facilities noted up to 30% positive bias in the 140 keV to 190 keV energy range that prevents the use of the Eu-152/Am-241 lung phantom for routine calibrations. Although manufactured by different vendors, the three facilities use similar types of germanium detectors (38 cm(2) by 25 mm thick or 38 cm(2) by 30 mm thick) for counting. These results underscore the need to evaluate the coincidence summing effect, which appear system dependent, when using a nuclide such as Eu-152 for the calibration of low-energy lung counting systems and highlight the problem of using a general calibration curve in place of specific nuclide calibration factors. C1 Human Monitoring Lab, Environm Radiat Hazards Div, Radiat Prot Bur, Ottawa, ON, Canada. CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Vivo Radioassey & Res Facil, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kramer, GH (reprint author), Human Monitoring Lab, Environm Radiat Hazards Div, Radiat Prot Bur, 775 Brookfield Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada. EM gary_h_kramer@hc-sc.gc.ca NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 86 IS 2 SU S BP S25 EP S30 DI 10.1097/00004032-200402001-00009 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 767CX UT WOS:000188423600006 PM 14744066 ER PT J AU Wickizer, TM Kopjar, B Franklin, G Joesch, J AF Wickizer, TM Kopjar, B Franklin, G Joesch, J TI Do drug-free workplace programs prevent occupational injuries? Evidence from Washington State SO HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE substance abuse prevention; workers' compensation; occupational injuries; drug-free workplace programs ID ALCOHOL; ACCIDENTS; IMPACT; RISK AB Objective. To evaluate the effect of a publicly sponsored drug-free workplace program on reducing the risk of occupational injuries. Data Sources. Workers' compensation claims data from the Washington State Department of Labor and Industries covering the period 1994 through 2000 and work-hours data reported by employers served as the data sources for the analysis. Study Design. We used a pre-post design with a nonequivalent comparison group to assess the impact of the intervention on injury risk, measured in terms of differences in injury incidence rates. Two hundred and sixty-one companies that enrolled in the drug-free workplace program during the latter half of 1996 were compared with approximately 20,500 nonintervention companies. We tested autoregressive, integrated moving-average (ARIMA) models to assess the robustness of our findings. Principal Findings. The drug-free workplace intervention was associated (p<.05) with a statistically significant decrease in injury rates for three industry groups: construction, manufacturing, and services. It was associated (p<.05) with a reduction in the incidence rate of more serious injuries involving four or more days of lost work time for two industry groups: construction and services. The ARIMA analysis supported these findings. Conclusions. The drug-free workplace program we studied was associated with a selective, industry-specific preventive effect. The strongest evidence of an intervention effect was for the construction industry. Estimated net cost savings for this industry were positive though small in magnitude. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Battelle Ctr Publ Hlth Res, Seattle, WA USA. Battelle Ctr Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA. Washington State Dept Labor & Ind, Olympia, WA USA. Occupat Epidemiol & Hlth Outcomes Program, Dept Environm Hlth, Seattle, WA USA. RP Wickizer, TM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Box 358660, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 25 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0017-9124 J9 HEALTH SERV RES JI Health Serv. Res. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 39 IS 1 BP 91 EP 110 DI 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2004.00217.x PG 20 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 770YB UT WOS:000188758000008 PM 14965079 ER PT J AU Delmau, LH Bonnesen, PV Moyer, BA AF Delmau, LH Bonnesen, PV Moyer, BA TI A solution to stripping problems caused by organophilic anion impurities in crown-ether-based solvent extraction systems: a case study of cesium removal from radioactive wastes SO HYDROMETALLURGY LA English DT Article DE stripping; organophilic anion impurities; crown ether ID TANK WASTE; SELECTIVITY; NITRATE; 1,3-ALTERNATE; MODIFIERS AB A problem related to stripping efficiency has been identified in the use of crown ether derivatives to extract alkali metal salts, and a simple solution is proposed. Focusing on the specific case of cesium extraction from simulants of alkaline nuclear waste by a calix-crown ether, calix[4]arene-bis(tert-octylbenzo-crown-6) (BOBCalixC6), it has been shown that low concentrations of a common surfactant, dodecylsulfonate, seriously impairs stripping. This surfactant has been identified as a trace component in laboratory simulants and was subsequently studied in experiments in which it was added in controlled amounts. Computer modeling of stripping behavior is consistent with the formation of a 1:1:1 organic-phase complex of the calix-crown with cesium and its nitrate counterion. In the presence of an organophilic surfactant anion, cesium ion can only effectively be stripped from the solvent until its organic-phase concentration becomes equivalent to that of the surfactant anion. Cleanup of nuclear waste requires a high decontamination factor for (137)Cs, and insufficient stripping therefore leads to process failure. This difficulty raises a generic issue for use of crown ethers for waste decontamination or for other hydrometallurgical applications. However, remediation is possible by simply adding an alkylamine to the solvent. The alkylamine in its ammonium form acts as a counterion of the organophilic anion, suppressing the deleterious effects of the organophilic anion and allowing the cesium cation to be stripped efficiently. Trioctylamine (TOA) at a concentration of only 1 mM was found effective at restoring stripping performance while not affecting extraction. Ultimately, this solvent amendment enabled the development of a robust solvent for the Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) process and its successful demonstration on actual nuclear waste. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Chem Separat Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Delmau, LH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Chem Separat Grp, Bldg 4500S,MS-6119,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Bonnesen, Peter/A-1889-2016; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Bonnesen, Peter/0000-0002-1397-8281; Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 37 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-386X J9 HYDROMETALLURGY JI Hydrometallurgy PD FEB PY 2004 VL 72 IS 1-2 BP 9 EP 19 DI 10.1016/S0304-386X(03)00120-8 PG 11 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 776TB UT WOS:000189132400002 ER PT J AU Yocky, DA Wahl, DE Jakowatz, CV AF Yocky, DA Wahl, DE Jakowatz, CV TI Terrain elevation mapping results from airborne spotlight-mode coherent cross-track SAR stereo SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE automation; coherent processing; DEM; spotlight mode SAR; stereo SAR; terrain mapping ID IMAGES AB Coherent cross-track synthetic aperture radar (SAR) stereo is shown to produce high-resolution three-dimensional maps of the earth surface. This mode utilizes image pairs with common synthetic apertures but different squint angles allowing automated stereo correspondence and disparity estimation using complex correlation calculations. This paper presents two Ku-band, coherent cross-track stereo collects over rolling and rugged terrain. The first collect generates a digital elevation map (DEM) with 1-m posts over rolling terrain using complex SAR imagery with spatial resolution of 0.125 m and a stereo convergence angle of 13.8degrees. The second collect produces multiple DEMs with 3-m posts over rugged terrain utilizing complex SAR imagery with spatial resolutions better than 0.5 m and stereo convergence angles greater than 40degrees. The resulting DEMS are compared to ground-truth DEMs and relative height root-mean-square (RMS), linear error 90-percent confidence (LE90), and maximum height error are reported. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Yocky, DA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dayocky@sandia.gov NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD FEB PY 2004 VL 42 IS 2 BP 301 EP 308 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2003.817683 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 773XA UT WOS:000188949600003 ER PT J AU Kargupta, H Park, BH AF Kargupta, H Park, BH TI A Fourier spectrum-based approach to represent decision trees for mining data streams in mobile environments SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE mobile data mining; decision trees; Fourier spectrum AB This paper presents a novel Fourier analysis-based approach to combine, transmit, and visualize decision trees in a mobile environment. Fourier representation of a decision tree has several interesting properties that are particularly useful for mining data streams from small mobile computing devices connected through limited-bandwidth wireless networks. This paper presents algorithms to compute the Fourier spectrum of a decision tree and outlines a technique to construct a decision tree from its Fourier spectrum. It offers a framework to aggregate decision trees in their Fourier representations. It also describes the MobiMine, a mobile data stream mining system, that uses the developed techniques for mining stock-market data from handheld devices. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kargupta, H (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM hillol@cs.umbc.edu; parkbh@ornl.gov NR 33 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 6 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1041-4347 J9 IEEE T KNOWL DATA EN JI IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 16 IS 2 BP 216 EP 229 DI 10.1109/TKDE.2004.1269599 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 765QE UT WOS:000188294300006 ER PT J AU Sadrozinski, HFW Bashkirov, V Keeney, B Johnson, LR Peggs, SG Ross, G Satogata, T Schulte, RWM Seiden, A Shanazi, K Williams, DC AF Sadrozinski, HFW Bashkirov, V Keeney, B Johnson, LR Peggs, SG Ross, G Satogata, T Schulte, RWM Seiden, A Shanazi, K Williams, DC TI Toward proton computed tomography SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE proton radiation effects; tomography ID RADIOGRAPHY; THERAPY AB Proton therapy, long regarded as a superior method of radiation therapy, is now becoming more cost effective and is being used in a number of clinical centers around the world. In light of this development the use of the proton beam itself should be considered for the most accurate method of treatment planning. X-ray computed tomography (XCT), which is widely available, has been used for the treatment planning for proton therapy. The basic interactions of XCT in matter are fundamentally different than those of the protons. Thus, the resulting density map from XCT is only an approximation of the true density map for proton therapy. Progress in proton computed tomography (pCT) is presented in this work. The experimental requirements for pCT are examined, and data analysis and Monte Carlo simulations are used to estimate the feasibility of pCT as an imaging modality. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Med, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM hartmut@scipp.ucsc.edu; vbashkirov@dominion.llume.edu; bkeeney@scipp.ucsc.edu; leah@scipp.ucsc.edu; peggs@bnl.gov; gabe@scipp.ucse.edu; satogata@bnl.gov; rschulte@dominion.llumc.edu; abs@scipp.ucsc.edu; kshanazi@dominion.llumc.edu; davidw@scipp.ucsc.edu RI Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; OI Johnson, Leah/0000-0002-9922-579X NR 28 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 51 IS 1 BP 3 EP 9 DI 10.1109/TNS.2003.823044 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 813BR UT WOS:000220883100001 ER PT J AU Qi, JY Huesman, RH AF Qi, JY Huesman, RH TI Wavelet crosstalk matrix and its application to assessment of shift-variant imaging systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Fourier crosstalk matrix; shift-variant imaging system; system evaluation; wavelets ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; CONE-BEAM TOMOGRAPHY; OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT; RECONSTRUCTION ALGORITHM; FOURIER CROSSTALK; INVERSE PROBLEMS; QUALITY; SVD; DECOMPOSITION; FRAMEWORK AB The objective assessment of image quality is essential for design of imaging systems. Barrett and Gifford [1] introduced the Fourier crosstalk matrix and use it to analyze cone-beam tomography. Fourier crosstalk matrix is a powerful technique for discrete imaging systems that are close to shift invariant because it is diagonal for continuous linear shift-invariant imaging systems. However, for a system that is intrinsically shift-variant, Fourier techniques are not particularly effective. Since Fourier bases have no spatial localization property, the shift-variance of the imaging system cannot be shown by the response of individual Fourier bases; rather, it is shown in the correlation between the Fourier coefficients. This makes the analysis and optimization quite difficult. In this paper, we introduce a wavelet crosstalk matrix based on wavelet series expansions. The wavelet crosstalk matrix allows simultaneous study of the imaging system in both the frequency and spatial domains. Hence, it is well suited or shift-variant systems. We compared the wavelet crosstalk matrix with the Fourier crosstalk matrix for several simulated imaging systems, namely the interior and exterior tomography problems, a dual-planar positron emission tomograph, and a rectangular geometry positron emission tomograph. The results demonstrate the advantages of the wavelet crosstalk matrix in analyzing shift-variant imaging systems. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Qi, JY (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jqi@lbl.gov RI Qi, Jinyi/A-1768-2010 OI Qi, Jinyi/0000-0002-5428-0322 NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 51 IS 1 BP 123 EP 129 DI 10.1109/TNS.2003.822997 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 813BR UT WOS:000220883100022 ER PT J AU Reutter, BW Gullberg, GT Huesman, RH AF Reutter, BW Gullberg, GT Huesman, RH TI Accuracy and precision of compartmental model parameters obtained from directly estimated dynamic SPECT time-activity curves SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dynamic single photon emission computed tomography; (SPECT); fully four-dimensional (4-D) reconstruction; kinetic parameter estimation ID EMISSION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; SPATIOTEMPORAL DISTRIBUTIONS; RECONSTRUCTION; PROJECTIONS AB Quantitative kinetic analysis of dynamic cardiac single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) data has the potential to provide better contrast between healthy and diseased tissue, compared to static images. However, imaging a rapidly changing radiopharmaceutical distribution with the use of a moving gantry yields inconsistent projection data that can generate artifacts in a time sequence of conventional reconstructed images. The artifacts can lead to biases in kinetic parameters estimated from the image sequence. This source of bias can be eliminated by estimating B-spline models for time-activity curves directly from the projections. In this study, we perform Monte Carlo simulations to determine how the polynomial order and initial time sampling of the splines affect the accuracy and precision of compartmental model parameters obtained from directly estimated time-activity curves. The Mathematical Cardiac Torso (MCAT) phantom is used to simulate a realistic 15 min dynamic Tc-99m-teboroxime patient study in which 10 million total events are detected. For a large volume of normal myocardium (250 cc), the relative bias of the uptake and washout parameter sample means does not exceed 0.3% when using cubic or quadratic splines that provide rapid initial sampling. The coefficient of variation is about 1%. For small (8.4 cc) myocardial defects that exhibit reduced uptake and accelerated washout, the relative bias and coefficient of variation increase to maximum values of about 16% and 50%, respectively. These levels of accuracy and precision provide good contrast between the compartmental model time-activity curves for the defects and normal myocardium. There is also good contrast for compartmental model time-activity curves obtained from noisy data containing 5 million events. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Nucl Med & Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Nucl Med & Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bwreutter@lbl.gov NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 51 IS 1 BP 170 EP 176 DI 10.1109/TNS.2003.823014 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 813BR UT WOS:000220883100028 ER PT J AU Dressendorfer, PV AF Dressendorfer, PV TI Transition to web-based peer review process for the TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dressendorfer, PV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 51 IS 1 BP 233 EP 233 DI 10.1109/TNS.2004.824818 PN 2 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 813BS UT WOS:000220883200001 ER PT J AU Dressendorfer, PV AF Dressendorfer, PV TI Annual review of the editorial process SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dressendorfer, PV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 51 IS 1 BP 234 EP 235 DI 10.1109/TNS.2004.824819 PN 2 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 813BS UT WOS:000220883200002 ER PT J AU Kim, YH Kang, WS Park, JM Hong, SH Song, YH Kim, SJ AF Kim, YH Kang, WS Park, JM Hong, SH Song, YH Kim, SJ TI Experimental and numerical analysis of streamers in pulsed corona and dielectric barrier discharges SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Conference on Plasma Science CY JUN, 2003 CL Jeju Isl, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE PSAC DE dielectric barrier discharge (DBEI); nitrogen oxide (NO) decomposition; numerical modeling; optical emission spectroscopy; pulsed corona discharge (PCD); streamer characteristics ID POSITIVE STREAMER; POLLUTION-CONTROL; AIR; PLASMAS; IMAGES; FIELD AB Streamer characteristics have been experimentally and numerically analyzed for pulsed-corona discharge (PCD) and dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD) to rind out how the discharge methods determine them and how they, in turn, affect the generation of radicals in flue gases. Experiments have been performed and compared for decomposition of a nitrogen oxide (NO) using PCD and DBD, and the electric field and average electron energy in the streamer are measured in each discharge by using line ratio of N-2(+) to N-2*. The measured results of electron energy reasonably explain in terms of "G-value" how the measured NO removal efficiencies have come out. The PCD having high electron energy turns out to be more efficient for generating N radicals, whereas the DBD containing relatively low electron energy is more effective for producing 0 radicals. Three-dimensional (3-D) and one-dimensional (I-D) numerical simulations have been carried out to understand the observed streamer dynamics in both the PCD and DBD reactors. The 3-D numerical simulation has successfully illustrated the images of streamer front propagation in a wire-cylinder PCD reactor. In the I-D simulation for the DBD, the recurrence phenomena of streamers have numerically appeared during the rising phase of an ac voltage. Furthermore, these numerical models have properly predicted the electric fields that are comparable with the corresponding average electron energies estimated from the emission spectral measurements for the PCD and DBD. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Korea Inst Machinery & Mat, Taejon 305343, South Korea. RP Kim, YH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM yhkim@lani.gov; hongsh@snu.ac.kr NR 23 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 18 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 32 IS 1 BP 18 EP 24 DI 10.1109/TPS.2004.823960 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 814VU UT WOS:000221003000003 ER PT J AU Goncharov, AA Brown, LG AF Goncharov, AA Brown, LG TI High-current heavy ion beams in the electrostatic plasma lens SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Conference on Plasma Science CY JUN 02-05, 2003 CL Jeju Isl, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE PSAC DE heavy ion beams; high-current ion beams; ion-beam focusing; ion manipulation; plasma lens; plasma optics ID LARGE-AREA AB We describe applications of the electrostatic plasma lens for manipulating and focusing moderate-energy, high-current, broad, heavy ion beams. Use of a plasma lens in this way has been successfully demonstrated in a series of experiments carried out collaboratively between the Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences, Kiev, Ukraine, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, in recent years. Here, we briefly review the plasma lens fundamentals, peculiarities of focusing heavy ion beams, and summarize some recent developments (experiments, computer simulations, theory). We show that there is a very narrow range of low magnetic field for which the optical properties of the lens improve markedly. This opens up some attractive possibilities for the development of a new-generation compact lens based on permanent magnets. Preliminary experimental results obtained at Kiev and Berkeley on the operation of a permanent magnet plasma lens for manipulating wide aperture high-current heavy ion beams are presented and summarized. C1 Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Phys, UA-01650 Kiev, Ukraine. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Phys, UA-01650 Kiev, Ukraine. EM gonchar@iop.kiev.ua; igbrown@lbl.gov NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 32 IS 1 BP 80 EP 83 DI 10.1109/TPS.2004.823903 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 814VU UT WOS:000221003000012 ER PT J AU Intrator, IP Park, JY Degnan, JH Furno, I Grabowski, C Hsu, SC Ruden, EL Sanchez, PG Taccetti, JMT Tuszewski, A Waganaar, WJ Wurden, GA Zhang, SY Wang, ZH AF Intrator, IP Park, JY Degnan, JH Furno, I Grabowski, C Hsu, SC Ruden, EL Sanchez, PG Taccetti, JMT Tuszewski, A Waganaar, WJ Wurden, GA Zhang, SY Wang, ZH TI A high-density field reversed configuration plasma for magnetized target fusion SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Conference on Plasma Science CY JUN, 2003 CL Jeju Isl, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE PSAC DE field-reversed configuration; fusion energy; magnetized target fusion (MTF) ID CONVERGING FLUX CONSERVER; THETA-PINCH; COMPRESSION; FRX AB We describe a program to demonstrate the scientific basis of magnetized target fusion (MTF). MTF is a potentially low-cost path to fusion which is intermediate in plasma regime between magnetic (MFE) and inertial fusion energy (IFE). MTF involves the compression of a magnetized target plasma and pressure times volume (PdV) heating to fusion relevant conditions inside a converging flux conserving boundary. We have chosen to demonstrate MTF by using a field-reversed configuration (FRC) as our magnetized target plasma and an imploding metal liner for compression. These choices take advantage of significant past scientific and technical accomplishments in MFE and defense programs research and should yield substantial plasma performance (ntau > 10(3) s-cm(-3) T > 5 keV) using an available pulsed-power implosion facility at modest cost. We have recently shown the density, temperature, and lifetime of this FRC to be within a factor of 2-3 of that required for use as a suitable target plasma for MTF compression for a fusion demonstration. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, P24 Plasma Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Intrator, IP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, P24 Plasma Phys Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM intrator@lanl.gov RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017; OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484; Hsu, Scott/0000-0002-6737-4934 NR 38 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 32 IS 1 BP 152 EP 160 DI 10.1109/TPS.2004.823974 PN 1 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 814VU UT WOS:000221003000021 ER PT J AU Dong, L Crow, ML Yang, Z Shen, C Zhang, L Atcitty, S AF Dong, L Crow, ML Yang, Z Shen, C Zhang, L Atcitty, S TI A reconfigurable FACTS system for university laboratories SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE control; flexible ac transmission system; laboratory development ID SERIES COMPENSATION AB To fully understand the dynamic performance of the multiple flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) devices, a hardware setup is needed to complement software simulation for university research laboratories. This paper presents the schematic and basic controls of a reconfigurable FACTS system that can be used to realize the major voltage-sourced-converter FACTS topologies: the StatCom, the static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), and the unified power-flow controller (UPFC). Furthermore, the state models and control algorithms for the FACTS devices are proposed. The digital signal processor (DSP)-based control system enables new control methods to be rapidly implemented. The comparison of the experimental and simulation results is also provided to verify the proposed controls. The paper culminates in a list of suggested experiments appropriate for an elective/graduate course in electric power systems. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dong, L (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. OI Crow, Mariesa/0000-0002-2087-9599 NR 7 TC 77 Z9 87 U1 2 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0885-8950 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 IS 1 BP 120 EP 128 DI 10.1109/TPWRS.20,03.821022 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 773XN UT WOS:000188951000017 ER PT J AU Love, LJ Book, WJ AF Love, LJ Book, WJ TI Force reflecting teleoperation with adaptive impedance control SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART B-CYBERNETICS LA English DT Article DE adaptive control; force reflection; identification; teleoperation AB Experimentation and a survey of the literature clearly show that contact stability in a force reflecting teleoperation system requires high levels of damping on the master robot. However, excessive damping increases the energy required by an operator for commanding motion. The objective of this paper is to describe a new force reflecting teleoperation methodology that reduces operator energy requirements without sacrificing stability. We begin by describing a new approach to modeling and identifying the remote environment of the teleoperation system. We combine a conventional multi-input, multi-output recursive least squares (MIMO-RLS) system identification, identifying in real-time the remote environment impedance, with a discretized representation of the remote environment. This methodology generates a time-varying, position-dependent representation of the remote environment dynamics. Next, we adapt the target impedance of the master robot with respect to the dynamic model of the remote environment. The environment estimation and impedance adaptation are executed simultaneously and in real time. We demonstrate, through experimentation, that this approach significantly reduces the energy required by an operator to execute remote tasks while simultaneously providing sufficient damping to ensure contact stability. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Robot & Proc Syst Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Love, LJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Robot & Proc Syst Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 62 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1083-4419 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY B JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B-Cybern. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 34 IS 1 BP 159 EP 165 DI 10.1109/TSMCB.2003.811756 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA 767QR UT WOS:000188464600015 PM 15369060 ER PT J AU Chao, DL Davenport, MP Forrest, S Perelson, AS AF Chao, DL Davenport, MP Forrest, S Perelson, AS TI Modelling the impact of antigen kinetics on T-cell activation and response SO IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antigen kinetics; computer modelling; cytotoxic T lymphocytes; T-cell activation; vaccination ID VIRUS TYPE-1 INFECTION; DYNAMICS IN-VIVO; VIRAL-INFECTION; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; RECEPTOR REPERTOIRE; CLONAL EXPANSION; AIDS VACCINE; MEMORY; AVIDITY; NAIVE AB Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses are thought to be important for the control of many viral and other infections. Qualitative aspects of the CTL response, including the epitope specificity, affinity, and clonal composition, may affect the ability of T cells to mediate infection control. Although it is clear that the mode of introduction and the dose of antigen can affect these qualitative aspects of the response, little is understood of the mechanisms. We have developed an in silico model of the CTL response, which we use to study the impact of antigen dose, antigen kinetics and repeated antigen delivery on the response. The results suggest that recent observations on differences in response to killed antigen can be explained simply by differences in timing of T-cell activation. These findings may provide insight into how different vaccination strategies can quantitatively and qualitatively affect the outcome of the immune response. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New S Wales, Prince Wales Hosp, Dept Haematol, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia. Univ New S Wales, Ctr Vasc Res, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chao, DL (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM dlchao@cs.unm.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [R01 RR06555, RR-P20RR018754-01000]; NIAID NIH HHS [R37 AI28433] NR 37 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING ASIA PI CARLTON PA 54 UNIVERSITY ST, P O BOX 378, CARLTON, VICTORIA 3053, AUSTRALIA SN 0818-9641 J9 IMMUNOL CELL BIOL JI Immunol. Cell Biol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 82 IS 1 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2004.01207.x PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA 772BZ UT WOS:000188821800008 PM 14984595 ER PT J AU Sherman, MH Hodgson, AT AF Sherman, MH Hodgson, AT TI Formaldehyde as a basis for residential ventilation rates SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Article DE houses; ventilation; formaldehyde; emission factors; non-occupational exposure guidelines ID INDOOR POLLUTANTS; EMISSION RATES; HOMES; HOUSES; PRODUCTS; MOBILE; HEALTH AB Traditionally, houses in the US have been ventilated by passive infiltration in combination with active window opening. However in recent years, the construction quality of residential building envelopes has been improved to reduce infiltration, and the use of windows for ventilation also may have decreased due to a number of factors. Thus, there has been increased interest in engineered ventilation systems for residences. The amount of ventilation provided by an engineered system should be set to protect occupants from unhealthy or objectionable exposures to indoor pollutants, while minimizing energy costs for conditioning incoming air. Determining the correct ventilation rate is a complex task, as there are numerous pollutants of potential concern, each having poorly characterized emission rates, and poorly defined acceptable levels of exposure. One ubiquitous pollutant in residences is formaldehyde. The sources of formaldehyde in new houses are reasonably understood, and there is a large body of literature on human health effects. This report examines the use of formaldehyde as a means of determining ventilation rates and uses existing data on emission rates of formaldehyde in new houses to derive recommended levels. Based on current, widely accepted concentration guidelines for formaldehyde, the minimum and guideline ventilation rates for most new houses are 0.28 and 0.5 air changes per hour, respectively. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sherman, MH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, MS 90-3074,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mhsherman@lbl.gov NR 32 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 15 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0905-6947 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD FEB PY 2004 VL 14 IS 1 BP 2 EP 9 DI 10.1046/j.1600-0668.2003.00188.x PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 770KD UT WOS:000188721000001 PM 14756840 ER PT J AU Bakkal, M Liu, CT Watkins, TR Scattergood, RO Shih, AJ AF Bakkal, M Liu, CT Watkins, TR Scattergood, RO Shih, AJ TI Oxidation and crystallization of Zr-based bulk metallic glass due to machining SO INTERMETALLICS LA English DT Article DE metallic glasses; oxidation; machining; X-ray diffraction; scanning ID AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; NANOCRYSTALLINE COMPOSITES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TEMPERATURE; FRACTURE AB Bulk metallic glass was subjected to extreme deformation conditions during machining operation. The flash temperature, oxidation and crystallization within chips from a Zr-based bulk metallic glass were investigated. A near-infrared spectrometer was used to capture the light emission from the tool-chip interface allowing the calculation of the temperature. Very high temperatures in the 2400-2700 K range were observed and associated with the light emission and oxidation in the chips. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed oxidation of chips machined at high cutting speeds. Optical micrographs of polished and etched chip cross-sections showed a dendritic pattern due to crystallization. Using a field emission gun SEM, amorphous and crystalline regions were analyzed. This study demonstrates the oxidation and crystallization of bulk metallic glass during machining. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Shih, AJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM shiha@umich.edu RI Scattergood, Ronald/D-5204-2009; Watkins, Thomas/D-8750-2016 OI Watkins, Thomas/0000-0002-2646-1329 NR 17 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-9795 EI 1879-0216 J9 INTERMETALLICS JI Intermetallics PD FEB PY 2004 VL 12 IS 2 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2003.09.017 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 772UN UT WOS:000188860100007 ER PT J AU Raber, E Carlsen, TM Folks, KJ Kirvel, RD Daniels, JI Bogen, KT AF Raber, E Carlsen, TM Folks, KJ Kirvel, RD Daniels, JI Bogen, KT TI How clean is clean enough? Recent developments in response to threats posed by chemical and biological warfare agents SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE biological warfare agent; chemical warfare agent; contamination; decontamination ID RESIDENTIAL SURFACES; ANTHRAX SPORES; TOKYO SUBWAY; CHLORPYRIFOS AB Recent terrorist events underscore the urgent need to develop a comprehensive set of health-protective cleanup standards and effective decontamination technologies for use in the restoration of civilian facilities. Accurate scientific information remains limited in the area of biological warfare agents. However, new guidelines and calculated cleanup values are emerging for initial re-entry and long-term reoccupation following use of chemical warfare agents. This article addresses airborne, soil, and surface exposures following release of G-type chemical warfare agents and VX. Cleanup goals should be tailored to the type of population that may be exposed, potential exposure times, and other scenario-specific considerations. Three different airborne concentrations are proposed for cleanup of public sector facilities. One value is recommended for initial re-entry; a more conservative value is recommended for long-term monitoring and increased public confidence; and a third, even more conservative concentration represents essentially a no-effect level for round-the-clock airborne exposure. Health-based cleanup levels are provided for contaminated residential and industrial soil. Results are presented on the outcome of a preliminary risk assessment to determine safe surface levels (e.g., walls, floors, and handrails) for cleanup after exposure to the G agents and VX. Because specific cleanup criteria for most biological warfare agents remain problematic, recommendations are made for filling the knowledge gaps. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Environm Protect Dept, Energy & Environm Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Energy & Environm Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Raber, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Environm Protect Dept, Energy & Environm Directorate, L-626, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU CARFAX PUBLISHING PI BASINGSTOKE PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0960-3123 J9 INT J ENVIRON HEAL R JI Int. J. Environ. Health Res. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 14 IS 1 BP 31 EP 41 DI 10.1080/09603120310001633886 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 749MC UT WOS:000186923700003 PM 14660116 ER PT J AU Cherry, RS AF Cherry, RS TI A hydrogen utopia? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE hydrogen economy; policy issues; social, societal, and environmental problems ID ENERGY AB The use of hydrogen as a fuel for transportation and stationary applications is receiving much favorable attention as a technical and policy issue. However, the widespread introduction of this technology is likely also to have negative consequences that are not being actively discussed in broad public forums. Such possibilities include, among others, delayed development of other energy alternatives, hazards of catalyst or hydride metals, disruptive employment shifts, land usage conflicts, and increased vehicle usage. Even though hydrogen is likely to be beneficial in its overall societal and environmental effects, hydrogen technology advocates must understand the range of problematic issues and prepare to address them. (C) 2003 International Association for Hydrogen Energy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Acad Engn, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP Cherry, RS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 7 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD FEB PY 2004 VL 29 IS 2 BP 125 EP 129 DI 10.1016/S0360-3199(03)00121-6 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 754YA UT WOS:000187360000002 ER PT J AU Monacelli, B Kotter, D Boreman, GD AF Monacelli, B Kotter, D Boreman, GD TI Design of a thin film infrared barcode on a flexible substrate SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVES LA English DT Article DE infrared thin film barcode; infrared information encoding AB We report the design, fabrication and characterization of an infrared barcode. This barcode is composed of a bilayer of titanium and amorphous silicon on a flexible Kapton substrate. Information encoded in the barcode shows high contrast when viewed with an infrared imaging system in the 8 to 12mum spectral region. The barcode information is concealed under visible viewing conditions, i.e., the barcode appears as an untreated, uniform metal sheet to a detector of visible radiation (400 to 700nm). C1 Univ Cent Florida, Sch Optometry, CREOL, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. Univ Cent Florida, FPCE, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Labs, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Monacelli, B (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Sch Optometry, CREOL, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0195-9271 J9 INT J INFRARED MILLI JI Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves PD FEB PY 2004 VL 25 IS 2 BP 317 EP 325 DI 10.1023/B:IJIM.0000017902.82593.b1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 778WB UT WOS:000189263400008 ER PT J AU Marciano, WJ AF Marciano, WJ TI Anomalous magnetic moments SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Dirac Centennial Symposium CY DEC 06-07, 2002 CL Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL HO Florida State Univ, Dept Phys ID ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTIONS; ELECTROWEAK CORRECTIONS; DIPOLE-MOMENT; MUON; WEAK; SUPERGRAVITY; MODEL AB The Dirac equation explained why the gyromagnetic ratio, g factor, is equal to 2 for fundamental spin 1/2 particles. Quantum loop effects were subsequently shown to induce a small shift or anomaly, a equivalent to (g - 2)/2. Anomalous magnetic moment effects have been calculated and measured with extraordinary precision for the electron and muon. Here, the Standard Model's predictions for a(l) = (g(l) - 2)/2, l = e, mu are described and compared with experimental values. Implications for probing "New Physics" effects are also discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Marciano, WJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 SU S BP 77 EP 87 DI 10.1142/S0217751X04018609 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 806IB UT WOS:000220426500007 ER PT J AU Goldhaber, M AF Goldhaber, M TI Amending the standard model of particle physics SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Dirac Centennial Symposium CY DEC 06-07, 2002 CL Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL HO Florida State Univ, Dept Phys ID NEUTRINOS AB Some of my earlier arguments, suggesting modifications of the Standard Model of Particle Physics (see ref. (1)), are elaborated and extended. Rules deduced from the known properties of elementary fermions are sharpened and extended in the first part. Conclusions drawn from the rules in the second part axe also honed and expanded and an estimate of the neutrino mass eigenstates is added. In the third part, a tentative explanation of the rules is discussed. In my earlier paper, I suggested replacing the point-sources postulated by the Standard Model for each generation by finite 'source-shapes' equal for all elementary fermions of a generation and systematically decreasing in volume from the first to the third generation, thus increasing the effect of self-interactions. According to the rules a correlation exists between the mass of an elementary fermion and the strength of its self-interaction, thus an increase in self-interactions would resolve the problem of the hierarchical masses. A possible connection between the existence of only three generations and the three-dimensionality of space also is discussed. In the epilogue the question is explored whether finite source-shapes for the elementary fermions can be reconciled with fundamental theoretical tenets. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Goldhaber, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD FEB PY 2004 VL 19 SU S BP 167 EP 180 DI 10.1142/S0217751X04018683 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 806IB UT WOS:000220426500015 ER PT J AU Ragnarsson, I Kondev, FG Paul, ES Riley, MA Simpson, J AF Ragnarsson, I Kondev, FG Paul, ES Riley, MA Simpson, J TI The nuclear mass at finite angular momenta SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Nuclear Physics CY SEP, 2003 CL Kazimierz Dolny, POLAND ID HIGHLY DEFORMED BANDS; SUPERDEFORMED BAND; ROTATIONAL BANDS; TERMINATION; DECAY; SPIN; STATES; YRAST AB The definition of experimental shell energies for nuclear ground states is generalized to finite angular momenta corresponding to a systematic expansion of the (N, Z)-plane to an (N, Z, I) space. Special emphasis is put on high-spin states where it is expected that odd and even nuclei should have similar properties. Different coupling schemes are compared and energetically favoured conditions to build high-spin states are discussed. C1 Lund Inst Technol, Div Math Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. SERC, Daresbury Lab, CCLRC, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. RP Ragnarsson, I (reprint author), Lund Inst Technol, Div Math Phys, POB 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. EM ingemar.ragnarsson@matfys.lth.se; kondev@anl.gov; esp@ns.ph.liv.ac.uk; mriley@nucmar.physics.fsu.edu; j.simpson@dl.ac.uk NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 13 IS 1 BP 87 EP 96 DI 10.1142/S0218301304001771 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 805EX UT WOS:000220350700013 ER PT J AU Heenen, PH Bender, M Bonche, P Duguet, T AF Heenen, PH Bender, M Bonche, P Duguet, T TI Description of shape coexistence by mean-field and beyond mean-field methods SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Nuclear Physics CY SEP, 2003 CL Kazimierz Dolny, POLAND ID WAVE-FUNCTIONS; NUCLEI; PB-186; STATES AB In this talk, we present a method which allows the introduction of correlations beyond a Skyrme Hartree-Fock calculation by symmetry restoration and configuration mixing on the axial quadrupole moment. A first application to Pu-240 is discussed, to show the potential of the method. As an example of the shape coexistence phenomenon in Pb isotopes, results for collective spectra and transition probabilities axe then presented for Pb-188. C1 Free Univ Brussels, PNTPM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Heenen, PH (reprint author), Free Univ Brussels, PNTPM, CP229, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. EM phheenen@ulb.ac.be NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 13 IS 1 BP 133 EP 138 DI 10.1142/S0218301304001850 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 805EX UT WOS:000220350700021 ER PT J AU Stevenson, PD Strayer, MR Stone, JR Newton, WG AF Stevenson, PD Strayer, MR Stone, JR Newton, WG TI Giant resonances from TDHF SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Nuclear Physics CY SEP, 2003 CL Kazimierz Dolny, POLAND ID HARTREE-FOCK THEORY AB A method of calculating giant resonance strength functions using Time-Dependent Hartree-Fock techniques is described. An application to isoscalar giant monopole resonances in spherical nuclei is made, thus allowing a comparison between independent 1-, 2- and 3-Dimensional computer codes. C1 Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RP Stevenson, PD (reprint author), Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. EM p.stevenson@surrey.ac.uk RI Stevenson, Paul/B-9016-2012 OI Stevenson, Paul/0000-0003-2645-2569 NR 7 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 13 IS 1 BP 181 EP 185 DI 10.1142/S0218301304001928 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 805EX UT WOS:000220350700028 ER PT J AU Swiatecki, WJ Siwek-Wilczynska, K Wilczynski, J AF Swiatecki, WJ Siwek-Wilczynska, K Wilczynski, J TI Calculations of cross sections for the synthesis of super-heavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Nuclear Physics CY SEP, 2003 CL Kazimierz Dolny, POLAND ID LEVEL DENSITY AB The fusion cross sections are considered to be given by the product of three factors: the cross section to overcome the Coulomb barrier, the probability for the resulting system to reach the compound nucleus configuration by diffusion, and the probability for the compound nucleus to survive fission. The first and third factors axe treated by more or less conventional equations, and the second by Brownian diffusion in one dimension. Adjusting one free parameter in the theory one can reproduce the twelve measured cross sections to within a factor of two. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Warsaw Univ, Inst Phys Expt, PL-00861 Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-05400 Otwock, Poland. RP Swiatecki, WJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wjswiatecki@lbl.gov; siwek@npdaxp.fuw.edu.pl; wilczynski@ipj.gov.pl NR 8 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 13 IS 1 BP 261 EP 267 DI 10.1142/S021830130400203X PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 805EX UT WOS:000220350700039 ER EF