FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Scott, KL King, TJ Leung, KN Pease, RF AF Scott, KL King, TJ Leung, KN Pease, RF TI Characterization of multicusp-plasma ion source brightness using micron-scale apertures SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 45th International Conference on Electron, Ion, and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY MAY 29-JUN 01, 2001 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Soc Amer ID BEAM AB The brightness of a multicusp-plasma ion source was characterized to determine its suitability for a proposed maskless ion-beam lithography system. In order to be competitive with similar systems utilizin- electron sources, the brightness requirement must be met to satisfy throughput demands. For this requirement, 1 nA into each beam diameter of 50 nm is needed at the target plane; this implies a brightness of about 1000 A/cm(2)/sr at the entrance to the objective lens. The brightness of the source has been characterized using 5-mum-diam extraction apertures under two different extraction configurations: (1) with the apertures directly illuminated by the source and (2) with the apertures flooded using an extraction system. The maximum brightness achieved for either configuration was 15 A/cm(2)/sr at 3 keV beam energy, He+ ions, and continuous wave operation. Although this configuration falls short of the requirement for high-throughput exposures, it is also possible to operate the multicusp-plasma ion source in pulsed mode. This would give higher current densities, which may also give adequate brightness as well. (C) 2001 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Stanford, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Nucl Engn & Comp Sci, Stanford, CA 94720 USA. RP Scott, KL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE,, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2001 VL 19 IS 6 BP 2602 EP 2606 DI 10.1116/1.1414019 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 509PY UT WOS:000173159900105 ER PT J AU Olynick, DL Anderson, EH Harteneck, B Veklerov, E AF Olynick, DL Anderson, EH Harteneck, B Veklerov, E TI Substrate cooling efficiency during cryogenic inductively coupled plasma polymer etching for diffractive optics on membranes SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 45th International Conference on Electron, Ion, and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication CY MAY 29-JUN 01, 2001 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Soc Amer AB We fabricate high-resolution diffractive optics on membranes using a bilayer resist system consisting of hydrogensilsesquioxane as a negative electron-beam imaging layer and hardbaked AZPN114 as the underlay. To minimize sidewall etching of the polymer, the AZPN114 layer was etched at -100 degreesC in a cryogenically cooled inductively coupled plasma etcher. Features fabricated on Si supported membrane wafers, where the areas of interest are separated from the platen by the wafer thickness, provide an additional challenge to the low-temperature dry etch process due to low cooling efficiency (and thus membrane heating). Using cooling theory and experimental verification we look at membrane cooling efficiency for different hardware and membrane size combinations. Diffusive cooling in membranes less than 140 mum wide dominates membrane cooling during the etch process. With these small membranes we have fabricated high efficiency x-ray zone plates with linewidths as small as 30 nm and 6:1 aspect ratios. (C) 2001 American Vacuum Society. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94530 USA. RP Olynick, DL (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mail Stop 2-400,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94530 USA. NR 5 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE,, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 2001 VL 19 IS 6 BP 2896 EP 2900 DI 10.1116/1.1414021 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 509PY UT WOS:000173159900166 ER PT J AU De Boer, RJ Oprea, M Antia, R Murali-Krishna, K Ahmed, R Perelson, AS AF De Boer, RJ Oprea, M Antia, R Murali-Krishna, K Ahmed, R Perelson, AS TI Recruitment times, proliferation, and apoptosis rates during the CD8(+) T-Cell response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL-INFECTION; VIRAL-INFECTION; DEFICIENT MICE; MEMORY; ANTIGEN; STIMULATION; REPERTOIRE; EXPANSION; SURVIVAL; DEATH AB The specific CD8(+) T-cell response during acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection of mice is characterized by a rapid proliferation phase, followed by a rapid death phase and long-term memory. In BALB/c mice the immunodominant and subdominant CDS' responses are directed against the NP118 and GP283 epitopes. These responses differ mainly in the magnitude of the epitope-specific CDS' T-cell expansion. Using mathematical models together with a nonlinear parameter estimation procedure, we estimate the parameters describing the rates of change during the three phases and thereby establish the differences between the responses to the two epitopes. We find that CDS' cell proliferation begins 1 to 2 days after infection and occurs at an average rate of 3 day(-1), reaching the maximum population size between days 5 and 6 after immunization. The 10-fold difference in expansion to the NP118 and GP283 epitopes can be accounted for in our model by a 3.5-fold difference in the antigen concentration of these epitopes at which T-cell stimulation is half-maximal. As a consequence of this 3.5-fold difference in the epitope concentration needed for T-cell stimulation, the rates of activation and proliferation of T cells specific for the two epitopes differ during the response and in combination can account for the large difference in the magnitude of the response. After the peak, during the death phase, the population declines at a rate of 0.5 day(-1), i.e., cells have an average life time of 2 days. The model accounts for a memory cell population of 5% of the peak population size by a reversal to memory of 1 to 2% of the activated cells per day during the death phase. C1 Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Emory Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Emory Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP De Boer, RJ (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Padualaan 8, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. RI De Boer, Rob/B-6050-2011 OI De Boer, Rob/0000-0002-2130-691X FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI028433, R37 AI028433, AI28433] NR 31 TC 115 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 75 IS 22 BP 10663 EP 10669 DI 10.1128/JVI.75.22.10663-10669.2001 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 483TV UT WOS:000171652700011 PM 11602708 ER PT J AU Bench, G Clark, BM Mangelson, NF St Clair, LL Rees, LB Grant, PG Southon, JR AF Bench, G Clark, BM Mangelson, NF St Clair, LL Rees, LB Grant, PG Southon, JR TI Accurate lifespan estimates cannot be obtained from C-14 profiles in the crustose lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC. SO LICHENOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB Radial C-14/C profiles across three individuals of the crustose lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC. have been determined using accelerator mass spectrometry. These data were used to assess whether lifespan estimates can be determined in this species using C-14/C isotope ratio measurements. C-14/C profiles are relatively flat with Delta C-14 values (deviations from the modern radiocarbon standard) for the radial samples displaying a small spread ranging from 130 to 200 per mil. The data are consistent with carbon cycling based on growth patterns involving replacement and fusion of areoles within the thallus as well as or instead of cellular or molecular replacement. Consequently, lifespan estimates cannot be obtained from C-14/C measurements of this species and the Delta C-14 profiles provide no insights into whether the relationship between size and age is linear or curvilinear in this species. (C) 2001 The British Lichen Society. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Bot & Range Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Bench, G (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0024-2829 J9 LICHENOLOGIST JI Lichenologist PD NOV PY 2001 VL 33 BP 539 EP 542 DI 10.1006/lich.2001.0353 PN 6 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Mycology SC Plant Sciences; Mycology GA 506LT UT WOS:000172974600013 ER PT J AU Aldrin, J Achenbach, JD Andrew, G P'an, C Grills, B Mullis, RT Spencer, FW Golis, M AF Aldrin, J Achenbach, JD Andrew, G P'an, C Grills, B Mullis, RT Spencer, FW Golis, M TI Case study for the implementation of an automated ultrasonic technique to detect fatigue cracks in aircraft weep holes SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE aging aircraft; creeping rayleigh waves; in situ testing; ultrasonic testing; weep holes AB Weep holes in C-141 aircraft have been found to be locations for the initiation of fatigue crack growth. Eddy current testing of weep holes in C-141 aircraft requires fuel tank entry by a technician and is a costly and time consuming process. This paper describes the implementation of a neural network assisted, automated ultrasonic testing technique from the outside of the wing. Toward achieving this goal of field implementation of an automated testing technique, this work demonstrates the value of numerical simulation, laboratory studies and algorithm training with samples representing infield variation, infield demonstration, parametric sensitivity studies and probability of detection (POD) validation. The testing capability for the automated procedure was found to exceed both the defined testing requirements and the ability of testing through viewing C-scan images. Field implementation would eliminate the fuel tank entry requirement, drastically reduce weep hole testing costs for the US Air Force and reduce detection variability between technicians in making classification calls. C1 Computat Tools, Gurnee, IL 60031 USA. Northwestern Univ, Ctr Qual Engn & Failure Prevent, McCormick Sch Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ultra Image Int, SAIC, New London, CT 06320 USA. TIE Mat Anal, WRALC, Warner Robins, GA 31098 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Adv Qual Concepts, Columbus, OH 43214 USA. RP Aldrin, J (reprint author), Computat Tools, Gurnee, IL 60031 USA. RI Achenbach, Jan/B-6746-2009 NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 59 IS 11 BP 1313 EP 1319 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 491LR UT WOS:000172110400006 ER PT J AU Li, K Pollock, TM De Graef, M Habel, U Thompson, AW AF Li, K Pollock, TM De Graef, M Habel, U Thompson, AW TI On the effect of low and high pressure hydrogen charging on the oxidation of a Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE titanium aluminide; oxidation; hydrogen charging; oxide scale; microstructure ID ALUMINIDES; PHASE AB The phases present in Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb gamma titanium aluminide samples charged in hydrogen atmospheres containing very low partial pressures of oxygen have been analyzed in detail, particularly in near-surface regions of post-charged samples. Gaseous hydrogen exposure was conducted with gas pressure of 0.1 MPa at 740degreesC and 13.8 MPa at 800degreesC. A body-centered tetragonal hydride, designated theta, has been observed to be preferentially present in the surface regions of samples following charging. At a low hydrogen pressure of 0.1 MPa, hydrides are observed only in near-surface regions. At higher pressure of 13.8 Mpa, the hydrides form throughout the bulk of the material, but are present in much higher volume fractions in near-surface regions due to the availability of oxygen. The surface structure consists of a complex mixture of oxides and hydrides. The oxides exist in two layers: a TiO2 outer layer and an Al2O3 inner layer, with theta hydrides associated with the discontinuous inner alumina layer. The presence of hydrogen significantly increased the oxidation rate, compared to that observed in pure oxygen. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Struct Integr Div, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Crucible Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15205 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP De Graef, M (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RI DeGraef, Marc/G-5827-2010 OI DeGraef, Marc/0000-0002-4721-6226 NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 318 IS 1-2 BP 224 EP 234 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01300-4 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 510EX UT WOS:000173196700026 ER PT J AU Haslam, AJ Phillpot, SR Wolf, H Moldovan, D Gleiter, H AF Haslam, AJ Phillpot, SR Wolf, H Moldovan, D Gleiter, H TI Mechanisms of grain growth in nanocrystalline fcc metals by molecular-dynamics simulation SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE grain growth; polycrystalline solids; molecular-dynamics simulation ID COMPUTER-SIMULATION; BOUNDARY MIGRATION; MODEL; DIFFUSION; KINETICS; COALESCENCE; DEFORMATION; DIMENSIONS; NANOPHASE; JUNCTIONS AB To elucidate the mechanisms of grain growth in nanocrystalline fcc metals, we have performed fully three-dimensional molecular-dynamics simulations with a columnar grain structure and an average grain diameter of 15 nm. Based on the study of coarse-grained materials, the conventional picture is that grain growth is governed by curvature-driven grain-boundary migration. However, our simulations reveal that in a nanocrystalline material grain rotations play an equally important role, at least during the early stages of grain growth. By eliminating the grain boundary between neighboring grains, such rotations lead to grain coalescence and the consequent formation of highly elongated grains. A detailed analysis exposes an intricate coupling between this mechanism and the conventional grain-boundary-migration dominated mechanism. Incorporation of these insights into mesoscopic models should enable more realistic mesoscopic simulations of grain growth in nanocrystalline materials. (A short movie showing the overall evolution of the grain microstructure can be viewed at http://www.msd.anl.gov/im/movies/grain-growth.html.) (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. and Argonne National Laboratory. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Nanotechnol, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Phillpot, SR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Phillpot, Simon/J-9117-2012; OI Phillpot, Simon/0000-0002-7774-6535 NR 73 TC 134 Z9 138 U1 4 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 318 IS 1-2 BP 293 EP 312 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01266-7 PG 20 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 510EX UT WOS:000173196700034 ER PT J AU Catravas, P Esarey, E Leemans, WP AF Catravas, P Esarey, E Leemans, WP TI Femtosecond x-rays from Thomson scattering using laser wakefield accelerators SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE x-ray; femtosecond; laser; electron beam; Thomson scattering; diffraction; laser wakefield acceleration ID ULTRASHORT ELECTRON BUNCHES; SYNCHROTRON SOURCE; PLASMA-WAVES; GENERATION; PULSES; BEAMS; INJECTION; FIELDS AB The possibility of producing femtosecond x-rays through Thomson scattering high power laser beams off laser wakefield generated relativistic electron beams is discussed. The electron beams are produced with either a self-modulated laser wakefield accelerator (SM-LWFA) or through a standard laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA) with optical injection. For an SM-LWFA (LWFA) produced electron beam, a broad (narrow) energy distribution is assumed, resulting in x-ray spectra that are broadband (monochromatic). Designs are presented for 3-100 fs x-ray pulses and, the expected flux and brightness of these sources are compared. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Beam Phys, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Beam Phys, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 40 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-0233 EI 1361-6501 J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL JI Meas. Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 IS 11 BP 1828 EP 1834 DI 10.1088/0957-0233/12/11/310 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 498QW UT WOS:000172522800011 ER PT J AU Olsson, WA AF Olsson, WA TI Quasistatic propagation of compaction fronts in porous rock SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE experiment; porous rock; localized compaction; quasistatic discontinuities; compaction band ID LOCALIZATION; BANDS; DEFORMATION; WAVES AB Recent experimental studies have observed the quasistatic propagation through rock of planar porosity discontinuities. In this process, one or more, initially thin, compacted layers appear at the yield point of the stress-strain curve and then grow by thickening in the direction of maximum compression at constant stress. Strain localization theory was previously applied to compaction to explain the initial formation of the compacted zones. This paper describes the growth of the compaction zones, that is, the propagation of their boundaries, in terms of shock wave analysis. The ratio of the applied shortening rate to the velocity of the boundary is related to the porosity change across the boundary. A small but consistent peak at the yield point of the stress-strain curve is explained by the model. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Geomech Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Olsson, WA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Geomech Dept, MS 0751,POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 22 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 33 IS 11 BP 659 EP 668 DI 10.1016/S0167-6636(01)00078-3 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 492MZ UT WOS:000172173300005 ER PT J AU Schneibel, JH Horton, JA Munroe, PR AF Schneibel, JH Horton, JA Munroe, PR TI Fracture toughness, fracture morphology, and crack-tip plastic zone of a Zr-based bulk amorphous alloy SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NI-CU-BE; METALLIC-GLASS; SUPERCOOLED LIQUID; LIGHT-EMISSION; BEHAVIOR; FATIGUE; PROPAGATION AB DDThe elastic constants, fracture toughness, fracture morphology, and crack-tip plastic zone of a bulk amorphous alloy (bulk metallic glass), with the composition Zr-10AL-5Ti-17.9Cu-14.6Ni (at. pet), were investigated. The room-temperature fracture toughness reached values as high as 69 MPa rootm. However, it showed considerable scatter, which is, at least in part, due to microcrystalline regions in the castings. Controlled crack propagation could not be obtained in chevron-notched specimens. The fracture-surface morphologies of chevron-notched specimens varied as the crack advanced, and this effect is probably related to differences in the crack propagation rate. Controlled fracture resulting in featureless fracture surfaces was observed during in-situ transmission electron microscope (TEM) fracture experiments. The plastic zone of a fatigue-precracked bulk flexure specimen was examined in situ in an atomic-force microscope (AFM). Shear displacements up to 2 mum were found. The AFM observations did not reveal any cracks associated with the shear steps. Sectioning of shear steps using a focused ion beam (FIB) with a diameter of 5 nm also did not reveal any cracks. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ New S Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Electron Microscope Unit, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Schneibel, JH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Munroe, Paul/I-9313-2016 OI Munroe, Paul/0000-0002-5091-2513 NR 23 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 32 IS 11 BP 2819 EP 2825 DI 10.1007/s11661-001-1032-7 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 491LQ UT WOS:000172110200013 ER PT J AU Han, Q Viswanathan, S Spainhower, DL Das, SK AF Han, Q Viswanathan, S Spainhower, DL Das, SK TI The nature of surface cracking in direct chill cast aluminum alloy ingots SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; BILLETS; HEAT C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Logan Aluminum Inc, Russellville, KY 42276 USA. Secat, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. RP Han, Q (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 32 IS 11 BP 2908 EP 2910 DI 10.1007/s11661-001-1043-4 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 491LQ UT WOS:000172110200024 ER PT J AU Leya, I Wieler, R Aggrey, K Herzog, GF Schnabel, C Metzler, K Hildebrand, AR Bouchard, M Jull, AJT Andrews, HR Wang, MS Ferko, TE Lipschutz, ME Wacker, JF Neumann, S Michel, R AF Leya, I Wieler, R Aggrey, K Herzog, GF Schnabel, C Metzler, K Hildebrand, AR Bouchard, M Jull, AJT Andrews, HR Wang, MS Ferko, TE Lipschutz, ME Wacker, JF Neumann, S Michel, R TI Exposure history of the St-Robert (H5) fall SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; PRODUCTION-RATES; ANTARCTIC METEORITES; CHONDRITE KNYAHINYA; STONY METEOROIDS; GALACTIC PROTONS; PARTICLES; CL-36; AGES; COMPILATION AB The compositionally typical H5 chondrite St-Robert has an exposure age, 7.8 Ma, indistinguishable from that of the main cluster of H chondrites. Small values of the cosmogenic Ne-22/Ne-21 ratio in interior samples imply a pre-atmospheric radius on the order of 40 cm. Sample depths based on tracks and the production rates of Bhattacharya et al. (1973) range from 6 to similar to 40 cm and are generally larger than depths estimated from published Co-60 activities, perhaps because the track production rates adopted are too high. Depth profiles of the production rates of C-14, Cl-36, Al-26, Be-10, and Ne-21 in stony material show increases with depth and reach levels 5% to 15% higher than expected from modeling calculations. The maximum concentrations in St-Robert are, however, generally comparable to those measured for the L5 chondrite, Knyahinya, whose pre-atmospheric radius of similar to 45 cm is thought to lead to the maximum possible production rates in chondrites. We infer that the pre-atmospheric radius of St-Robert was within 5 cm of the value that supports maximum production rates (i.e., 45 +/- 5 cm). This radius corresponds to a pre-atmospheric mass of (1.3 +/- 0.4) x 10(3) kg. The agreement of exposure ages for St-Robert obtained in several different ways and the similarity of the depth profiles for C-14, Al-26, Be-10, and Ne-21 argue against a lengthy pre-exposure of St-Robert on the parent body and against a two-stage exposure after launch from the parent body. Following Morbidelli and Gladman (1998), we suggest that St-Robert was chipped from deep in its parent body, spent the next 7-8 Ma without undergoing a major collision, was nudged gradually into an orbital resonance with Jupiter, and then traveled quickly to Earth. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. Humboldt Univ, Museum Nat Kunde, Inst Mineral, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. Univ Calgary, Dept Geol & Geophys, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. Univ Montreal, Dept Geol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Univ Arizona, NSF, Accelerator Facil Radioisotope Anal, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. AECL Res, Chalk River Labs, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Hannover, Ctr Radiat Protect & Radioecol, D-30419 Hannover, Germany. RP Herzog, GF (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, 610 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RI Wieler, Rainer/A-1355-2010 OI Wieler, Rainer/0000-0001-5666-7494 NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 36 IS 11 BP 1479 EP 1494 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 502HA UT WOS:000172736900006 ER PT J AU Cate, JHD AF Cate, JHD TI Construction of low-resolution X-ray crystallographic electron density maps of the ribosome SO METHODS LA English DT Article ID ANGSTROM-RESOLUTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ISOMORPHOUS REPLACEMENT; PROTEIN CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; PHASE REFINEMENT; RIBOZYME DOMAIN; SUBUNIT; RNA AB Advances in X-ray crystallography now allow biological macromolecules of almost any size to be imaged at atomic resolution. Here, I outline the strategy that allowed for the solution of the 70S ribosome structure to 7.8-Angstrom resolution. The most important factors involve the effective use of synchrotron radiation and the application of existing crystallographic software to very large structures. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cate, JHD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Calvin Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd Mailstop, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-2023 J9 METHODS JI Methods PD NOV PY 2001 VL 25 IS 3 BP 303 EP 308 DI 10.1006/meth.2001.1242 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 523CQ UT WOS:000173934600003 PM 11860284 ER PT J AU Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Meisenheimer, TL Draper, BL Vanhesden, K Fleetwood, DM AF Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Meisenheimer, TL Draper, BL Vanhesden, K Fleetwood, DM TI Silicon-on-insulator non-volatile field-effect transistor memory SO MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Biennial Conference on Insulating Films on Semiconductors CY JUN 20-23, 2001 CL UDINE, ITALY SP ST Microelectr, IEEE Electron Device Soc, NEAR EST Consortium, CISM, Regione Friuli Venezia Giulia, Undine, Fdn CRUP DE nonvolatile memory transistors; silicon-on-insulator; protonic transport ID CREATION AB Submicron nonvolatile memory transistors were fabricated by exposing silicon-on-insulator (SOI) buried oxides to hydrogen at elevated temperatures to generate mobile protons in the buried oxides. By switching the polarity of the bias to the SOI substrate, the mobile protons in the buried oxide were transported to either the top or bottom Si-buried oxide interface, switching the leakage current of top gate transistors from an ON to an OFF state. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Super MicroPowders, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Stn B, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Schwank, JR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS-1083, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9317 J9 MICROELECTRON ENG JI Microelectron. Eng. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 59 IS 1-4 BP 253 EP 258 DI 10.1016/S0167-9317(01)00636-0 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA 493JD UT WOS:000172218100035 ER PT J AU Stach, EA Freeman, T Minor, AM Owen, DK Cumings, J Wall, MA Chraska, T Hull, R Morris, JW Zettl, A Dahmen, U AF Stach, EA Freeman, T Minor, AM Owen, DK Cumings, J Wall, MA Chraska, T Hull, R Morris, JW Zettl, A Dahmen, U TI Development of a nanoindenter for in situ transmission electron microscopy SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Applications of in situ Electron Microscopy Techniques CY NOV 03, 2000 CL MISSISSIPPI DE transmission electron microscopy; nanoindentation; in situ; dislocations; deformation; thin films; diffraction contrast ID DIFFRACTION; PLASTICITY; SURFACES; SILICON AB In situ transmission electron microscopy is an established experimental technique that permits direct observation of the dynamics and mechanisms of dislocation motion and deformation behavior. In this article, we detail the development of a novel specimen goniometer that allows real-time observations of the mechanical response of materials to indentation loads. The technology of the scanning tunneling microscope is adopted to allow nanometer-scale positioning of a sharp, conductive diamond tip onto the edge of an electron-transparent sample. This allows application of loads to nanometer-scale material volumes coupled with simultaneous imaging of the material's response. The emphasis in this report is qualitative and technique oriented, with particular attention given to sample geometry and other technical requirements. Examples of the deformation of aluminum and titanium carbide as well as the fracture of silicon will be presented. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Stach, EA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Cumings, John/A-3595-2012; Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; Chraska, Tomas/G-7901-2014; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; Chraska, Tomas/0000-0003-0415-3840; Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 21 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD NOV-DEC PY 2001 VL 7 IS 6 BP 507 EP 517 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 495UM UT WOS:000172358800005 ER PT J AU George, JW Salazar, EP Vreeswijk, MPG Lamerdin, JE Reardon, JT Zdzienicka, MZ Sancar, A Kadkhodayan, S Tebbs, RS Mullenders, LHF Thompson, LH AF George, JW Salazar, EP Vreeswijk, MPG Lamerdin, JE Reardon, JT Zdzienicka, MZ Sancar, A Kadkhodayan, S Tebbs, RS Mullenders, LHF Thompson, LH TI Restoration of nucleotide excision repair in a helicase-deficient XPD mutant from intragenic suppression by a trichothiodystrophy mutation SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYCLOBUTANE PYRIMIDINE DIMERS; TRANSCRIPTION-COUPLED REPAIR; CHINESE-HAMSTER CELLS; GROUP-B PROTEIN; DNA-REPAIR; XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; COCKAYNES-SYNDROME; COMPLEMENTATION GROUP; 6-4 PHOTOPRODUCTS; INDUCED APOPTOSIS AB The UV-sensitive V-H1 cell line has a T461 substitution mutation in the Walker A box in both alleles of XPD and lacks DNA helicase activity. We characterized three partial revertants that curiously display intermediate IN cytotoxicity (2- to 2.5-fold) but normal levels,of UV-induced hprt mutations. In revertant RH1-26, the efficient removal of pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone photoproducts from both strands of hprt suggests that global-genomic nucleotide excision repair is normal, but the pattern of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer removal suggests that transcription-coupled repair (TCR) is impaired. To explain the intermediate UV survival and lack of RNA synthesis recovery in RH1-26 after 10 J of UV/m(2), We propose a defect in repair-transcription coupling, i.e., the inability of the cells to resume or reinitiate transcription after the first TCR event within a transcript. All three revertants carry an R658H suppressor mutation, in one allele of revertants RH1-26 and RH1-53 and in both alleles of revertant RH1-3. Remarkably, the R658H mutation produces the clinical phenotype of trichothiodystrophy (TTD) in several patients who display intermediate UV sensitivity. The XPDR658H TTD protein, like XPDT461/R658H, is codominant when, overexpressed in V-H1 cells and partially complements their UV sensitivity. Thus, the suppressing R658H substitution must restore helicase activity to the inactive XPDT461 protein. Based on current knowledge of helicase structure, the intragenic reversion mutation may partially compensate for the T461 mutation by perturbing the XPD structure in a way that counteracts the effect of this mutation. These findings have implications for understanding the differences between xeroderma pigmentosum and TTD and illustrate the value of suppressor genetics for studying helicase structure-function relationships. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, BBR Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, MGC Dept Radiat Genet & Chem Mutagenesis, NL-2333 AL Leiden, Netherlands. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Thompson, LH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, BBR Program, L441,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM32833, R01 GM032833] NR 70 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 21 IS 21 BP 7355 EP 7365 DI 10.1128/MCB.21.21.7355-7365.2001 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 480WQ UT WOS:000171486900022 PM 11585917 ER PT J AU Bissell, MJ Weaver, V Wang, F Lelievre, S Petersen, OW AF Bissell, MJ Weaver, V Wang, F Lelievre, S Petersen, OW TI The structural basis of tissue-specific signaling in normal and malignant breast SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Pathol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Inst Med & Engn, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Mol & Cellular Pharmacol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Basic Med Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Panum Inst, Dept Med Anat, Struct Cell Biol Unit, Copenhagen, Denmark. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 2 BP 1A EP 1A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372500003 ER PT J AU Fata, JE Werb, Z Bissell, MJ AF Fata, JE Werb, Z Bissell, MJ TI Uncoupling epithelial cell scattering from epithelial sheet movement in mammary cell remodeling SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 248 BP 45A EP 45A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372500249 ER PT J AU Marfatia, SM Mohandas, N AF Marfatia, SM Mohandas, N TI Structural and functional characterization of the alternatively spliced exon 17B in the carboxyl-terminal domain of protein 4.1R SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, Dept Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 362 BP 67A EP 67A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372500363 ER PT J AU Chen, XJ Smith, MD Fitzpatrick, L Schnell, DJ AF Chen, XJ Smith, MD Fitzpatrick, L Schnell, DJ TI In vivo analysis of the function of atTic20 in protein import into chloroplasts SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Smith, Matthew/M-4726-2014 OI Smith, Matthew/0000-0002-2855-5126 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 471 BP 86A EP 87A PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372500471 ER PT J AU Inoue, K Keegstra, K AF Inoue, K Keegstra, K TI The unique bipartite transit peptide of the chloroplastic outer envelope membrane protein Toc75 SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 470 BP 86A EP 86A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372500470 ER PT J AU Stroschein, SL Bonni, S Wrana, JL Luo, KX AF Stroschein, SL Bonni, S Wrana, JL Luo, KX TI Negative regulators of TGF beta signaling SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 742 BP 137A EP 137A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372500742 ER PT J AU Weiss, EL Kurischko, C Eisen, MB Drubin, DG Luca, FC AF Weiss, EL Kurischko, C Eisen, MB Drubin, DG Luca, FC TI S-cerevisiae Cbk1p and Mob2p control cortical remodeling during polarized growth and mitotic exit SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 746 BP 137A EP 137A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372500746 ER PT J AU Schmeichel, KL Chen, M Shur, BD Bissell, MJ AF Schmeichel, KL Chen, M Shur, BD Bissell, MJ TI Differential phosphorylation of multiple AZU-1 isoforms in the HMT-3522 human breast tumor progression model SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Incyte Genom Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94340 USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 834 BP 153A EP 153A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372500834 ER PT J AU Krauss, SW Chasis, JA Lee, G Narla, M Heald, R AF Krauss, SW Chasis, JA Lee, G Narla, M Heald, R TI Dissecting protein 4.1 function in assembly of vertebrate mitotic spindles and centrosomes SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 972 BP 179A EP 179A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372500972 ER PT J AU Mott, JD Banda, MJ AF Mott, JD Banda, MJ TI Non-TIMP metalloproteinase inhibitors produced by the breast tumor cell line MDA MB-231 SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 1084 BP 200A EP 200A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372501084 ER PT J AU Simian, M Barcellos-Hoff, MH Bissell, MJ Harris, GS AF Simian, M Barcellos-Hoff, MH Bissell, MJ Harris, GS TI Progesterone receptor signaling controls MMP activities in mouse mammary glands SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 1090 BP 201A EP 201A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372501090 ER PT J AU Radisky, DC Walian, PJ Bennett, SC Zahedi, R Hirai, Y Bissell, MJ AF Radisky, DC Walian, PJ Bennett, SC Zahedi, R Hirai, Y Bissell, MJ TI Investigation of the sequence determinants responsible for the morphogenic activity of epimorphin SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Sumitomo Elect Ind Ltd, Itami, Hyogo, Japan. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 1300 BP 238A EP 238A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372501298 ER PT J AU Thrall, BD Cheng, SF Chin, BY Wong, KK AF Thrall, BD Cheng, SF Chin, BY Wong, KK TI Microarray evaluation of global gene regulation by tumor necrosis factor alpha SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mol Biosci Dept, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 2301 BP 418A EP 418A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372502296 ER PT J AU Ramez, M Patterson, MD Chanan, S Lee, GM Chasis, JA Conboy, JG Mohandas, N Gascard, PD AF Ramez, M Patterson, MD Chanan, S Lee, GM Chasis, JA Conboy, JG Mohandas, N Gascard, PD TI New insights into structure of 4.1 proteins in kidney SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 2478 BP 449A EP 450A PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372502473 ER PT J AU An, XL Lecomte, MC Mohandas, N AF An, XL Lecomte, MC Mohandas, N TI Dynamic regulation of spectrin dimer-dimer interaction in red blood cell SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. INSERM U409, Fac Med Xavier Bichat, F-75870 Paris 18, France. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 2484 BP 451A EP 451A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372502479 ER PT J AU Krauss, SW Lo, AJ Grigoryev, SA Koury, MJ Mohandas, N Chasis, JA AF Krauss, SW Lo, AJ Grigoryev, SA Koury, MJ Mohandas, N Chasis, JA TI Deciphering mechanisms of mammalian erythroblast enucleation SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Penn State Univ, Coll Med, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 2728 BP 495A EP 495A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372502722 ER PT J AU Lelievre, SA Kaminker, P Kim, SH Pertersen, OW Chung, P Rufin, R Bissell, MJ Campisi, J AF Lelievre, SA Kaminker, P Kim, SH Pertersen, OW Chung, P Rufin, R Bissell, MJ Campisi, J TI Higher nuclear organization of telomere-associated proteins regulates breast differentiation SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. Panum Inst, Struct Cell Biol Unit, Copenhagen, Denmark. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 2731 BP 496A EP 496A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372502725 ER PT J AU Abad, PC Viron, A Nickerson, JA Puvion, E Bissell, MJ Lelievre, SA AF Abad, PC Viron, A Nickerson, JA Puvion, E Bissell, MJ Lelievre, SA TI NuMA shuttles in breast differentiated tissue SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. CNRS, IRSC, UPR 9044, F-75700 Paris, France. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 2743 BP 498A EP 498A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372502737 ER PT J AU Gorbunov, NV Morris, JE Thrall, BD AF Gorbunov, NV Morris, JE Thrall, BD TI Analysis of p53 transactivation in murine bone marrow stromal cells by nitric oxide using a p53-responsive EGFP reporter SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 2001 VL 12 SU S MA 2875 BP 522A EP 522A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 496AL UT WOS:000172372502868 ER PT J AU Pushnova, EA Ostanin, K Thelen, MP AF Pushnova, EA Ostanin, K Thelen, MP TI Human XPA and XRCC1 DNA repair proteins expressed in yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE recombinant proteins; human cancer; yeast expression ID BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; STRAND BREAK REPAIR; LIGASE-III; XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; BRCT DOMAIN; GENE; BINDING AB Human XPA and XRCC1 DNA repair proteins have been expressed in a series of novel yeast episomal vectors. Expression of XPA cDNA resulted in synthesis of anti-XPA crossreacting polypeptides of 40 and 42 kDa, the status of the native protein found in human cells. Likewise, the majority of the recombinant XRCC1 found in the yeast intracellular fraction corresponded to the molecular mass of the full-length human protein. Recombinant XPA protein expressed as an NH2-terminal polyhistidine fusion could be affinity purified using Ni2+ agarose. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mol & Struct Biol Div, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Pushnova, EA (reprint author), Chiron Corp, 4560 Horton St,M-S M-200, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. RI Thelen, Michael/C-6834-2008; Thelen, Michael/G-2032-2014 OI Thelen, Michael/0000-0002-2479-5480; Thelen, Michael/0000-0002-2479-5480 NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7192 J9 MOL GENET METAB JI Mol. Genet. Metab. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 74 IS 3 BP 380 EP 384 DI 10.1006/mgme.2001.3245 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 514DX UT WOS:000173423900012 PM 11708869 ER PT J AU Lacks, SA Greenberg, B AF Lacks, SA Greenberg, B TI Constitutive competence for genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae caused by mutation of a transmembrane histidine kinase SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; DIPLOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; EXPRESSION; TRANSPORT; CLONING; SYSTEM; RECOMBINATION; MUTAGENESIS; PHEROMONE; TOPOLOGY AB Competence for DNA uptake and genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae is regulated by a quorum-sensing system. A competence-stimulating polypeptide (CSP) is secreted by the bacteria and acts back on the cells via a transmembrane histidine kinase. This enzyme phosphorylates a response regulator that activates synthesis of a SigH-like protein. The new sigma factor enables expression of a set of proteins transcribed from a novel promoter. A mutation called trt had been found that circumvented this regulation. The mutant cells are constitutively competent; that is, they can be transformed at low cell densities, in the presence of proteases that attack CSP, or during growth at low pH. In this work, cells containing trt were shown to be competent even in the presence of a comAB mutation that blocks secretion of CSP. The trt mutation was localized to comD, the gene encoding the transmembrane histidine kinase. A DNA segment of the trt mutant corresponding to comCDE was cloned, and it was shown to contain the trt mutation by its ability to confer constitutive competence. A two-step assay, which was based on transfer of trt to a wild strain and screening for transformability in the presence of trypsin, served to locate the trt mutation precisely. It corresponds to a GC-->AT transition, which changes Asp(299) in the histidine kinase to Asn. This alteration in the carboxyl terminal half of the protein, which is cytoplasmically located and contains the phosphorylase activity, presumably alters the enzyme conformation so that it is permanently activated, independent of signals from the transmembrane domain. These results may help illuminate the mechanism by which external signals affect kinase action in two-component regulatory systems, and they may be of practical value in facilitating genetic studies by rendering pneumococcal strains permanently competent. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Lacks, SA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM lacks@bnl.gov NR 37 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1035 EP 1045 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02697.x PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 495LC UT WOS:000172341800013 PM 11737645 ER PT J AU Mitchell, MC Autry, JD Nenoff, TM AF Mitchell, MC Autry, JD Nenoff, TM TI Molecular dynamics simulations of binary mixtures of methane and hydrogen in zeolite A and a novel zinc phosphate SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; GRADIENT-DRIVEN DIFFUSION; LENNARD-JONES MIXTURES; HARD-RODS; HETEROGENEOUS SURFACES; SLIT MICROPORES; GAS PERMEATION; SIMPLE FLUIDS; ADSORPTION AB Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to study binary mixtures of hydrogen and methane in two molecular sieve structures, zeolite NaA and a novel zinc phosphate molecular sieve, Na3ZnO(PO4)(3), which has a pore size tuned to light gas separations. Simulations were run at high temperature, T = 500 degreesC. Equimolar mixtures of methane and hydrogen in both molecular sieve structures were simulated at loadings of 2-16 molecules per unit cell. Self-diffusion coefficients were calculated using the Einstein relationship. Hydrogen was found to have higher self-diffusion coefficients than methane in both the molecular sieve structures under study. However, in the zinc phosphate molecular sieve the methane remained immobile, allowing for purification and separation of hydrogen, whereas in Zeolite A the methane experienced appreciable cage-to-cage motion. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Mitchell, MC (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, POB 3001,MSC 3805, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RI Mitchell, Martha/A-9002-2013 OI Mitchell, Martha/0000-0003-0054-1977 NR 45 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 99 IS 22 BP 1831 EP 1837 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 492JP UT WOS:000172164900001 ER PT J AU Jarvis, MJ Rawlings, S Willott, CJ Blundell, KM Eales, S Lacy, M AF Jarvis, MJ Rawlings, S Willott, CJ Blundell, KM Eales, S Lacy, M TI On the redshift cut-off for steep-spectrum radio sources SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies : active; galaxies : luminosity function, mass function; radio continuum : galaxies ID VIRTUALLY COMPLETE REDSHIFTS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; COMPLETE SAMPLES; FIND OBJECTS; COSMOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; HUBBLE DIAGRAM; SOURCE COUNTS; SKY SURVEY; QUASARS; Z-GREATER-THAN-4 AB We use three samples (3CRR, 6CE and 6C*) selected at low radio frequency to constrain the cosmic evolution in the radio luminosity function (RLF) for the 'most luminous' steep-spectrum radio sources. Though intrinsically rare, such sources give the largest possible baseline in redshift for the complete flux-density-limited samples currently available. Using parametric models to describe the RLF, incorporating distributions in radio spectral shape and linear size, as well as the usual luminosity and redshift, we find that the data are consistent with a constant comoving space density between z similar to 2.5 and z similar to 4.5. We find that this model is favoured over a model with similar evolutionary behaviour to that of optically selected quasars (i.e., a roughly Gaussian distribution in redshift) with probability ratios of similar to 25:1 and similar to 100:1 for spatially flat cosmologies with Omega (Lambda) = 0 and Omega (Lambda) = 0.7 respectively. Within the uncertainties, this evolutionary behaviour may be reconciled with the shallow decline preferred for the comoving space density of flat-spectrum sources by Dunlop & Peacock and Jarvis & Rawlings, in line with the expectations of unified schemes. C1 Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Sterrewacht Leiden, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Cardiff Univ, Coll Cardiff, Dept Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF2 3YB, S Glam, Wales. L413 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Jarvis, MJ (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. EM jarvis@strw.leidenuniv.nl NR 34 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 327 IS 3 BP 907 EP 917 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04778.x PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 490HP UT WOS:000172046700021 ER PT J AU Rector, DM Rogers, RF Schwaber, JS Harper, RM George, JS AF Rector, DM Rogers, RF Schwaber, JS Harper, RM George, JS TI Scattered-light imaging in vivo tracks fast and slow processes of neurophysiological activation SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Article ID NUCLEUS-TRACTUS-SOLITARIUS; RAT BARREL CORTEX; INTRINSIC OPTICAL SIGNALS; FREELY BEHAVING ANIMALS; FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE; NEURAL ACTIVITY; IN-VIVO; NONINVASIVE DETECTION; ELECTRICAL-ACTIVITY; NEURONAL-ACTIVITY AB We imaged fast optical changes associated with evoked neural activation in the dorsal brainstem of anesthetized rats, using a novel imaging device. The imager consisted of a gradient-index (GRIN) lens, a microscope objective, and a miniature charged-coupled device (CCD) video camera. We placed the probe in contact with tissue above cardiorespiratory areas of the nucleus of the solitary tract and illuminated the tissue with 780-nm light through flexible fibers around the probe perimeter. The focus depth was adjusted by moving the camera and microscope objective relative to the fixed GRIN lens. Back-scattered light images were relayed through the GRIN lens to the CCD camera. Video frames were digitized at 100 frames per second, along with tracheal pressure, arterial blood pressure, and electrocardiogram signals recorded at 1 kHz per channel. A macroelectrode placed under the GRIN lens recorded field potentials from the imaged area. Aortic, vagal, and superior laryngeal nerves were dissected free of surrounding tissue within the neck. Separate shocks to each dissected nerve elicited evoked electrical responses and caused localized optical activity patterns. The optical response was modeled by four distinct temporal components corresponding to putative physical mechanisms underlying scattered light changes. Region-of-interest analysis revealed image areas which were dominated by one or more of the different time-course components, some of which were also optimally recorded at different tissue depths. Two slow optical components appear to correspond to hemodynamic responses to metabolic demand associated with activation. Two fast optical components paralleled electrical evoked responses. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Pathol Anat & Cell Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP George, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, MS-D454,P-21,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [1-R01-HL-54194, HL-22418]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH 60993-04] NR 56 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD NOV PY 2001 VL 14 IS 5 BP 977 EP 994 DI 10.1006/nimg.2001.0897 PG 18 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 490QT UT WOS:000172063100004 PM 11697930 ER PT J AU Rice, OV Gatley, SJ Shen, J Huemmer, CL Rogoz, R DeJesus, OT Volkow, ND Gifford, AN AF Rice, OV Gatley, SJ Shen, J Huemmer, CL Rogoz, R DeJesus, OT Volkow, ND Gifford, AN TI Effects of endogenous neurotransmitters on the in vivo binding of dopamine and 5-HT radiotracers in mice SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE positron emission tomography; dopamine; serotonin; 5-HT receptors ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; NON-BENZAZEPINE ANTAGONIST; H-3 N-METHYLSPIPERONE; IN-VIVO; RAT-BRAIN; RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; INVIVO BINDING; KINETIC-PROPERTIES; D-2 RECEPTORS; HIGH-AFFINITY AB Several studies have indicated that the in vivo binding of D, receptor positron emission tomography radiotracers can, tinder some conditions, be influenced by competition with endogenous dopamine. The present study was undertaken to compare the extent to which the in vivo binding in mice of radiotracers to other amine neuroreceptors, namely D-1, 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A receptors, can also be modulated by neurotransmitter competition. For dopamine radiotracers we examined [H-3]raclopride as a D-2 radiotracer and [H-3]A69024 as a D-1 radiotracer. Striatal binding of both radiotracers was substantially reduced by administration of the dopamine releaser, amphetamine, although only at a high dose. [H-3]raclopride was decreased more than [H-3]A69024. Dopamine depletion with 4-hydroxybutyrate strongly increased [H-3]raclopride binding but failed to increase [H-3]A69024 binding. For 5-HT radiotracers we examined [H-3]-methylspiperone as a 5-HT2A radiotracer and [H-3]WAY 100635 as a 5-HT1A radiotracer. Cortical binding of both radiotracers was unaffected by the 5-HT releaser, p-chloroamphetamine. [H-3]WAY 100635 binding was additionally unaffected by 5-HT release with fenfluramine and by 5-HT depletion with p-chlorophenylalanine. In conclusion, of the four radiotracers examined, [H-3]raclopride binding to D-2 receptors had greatest sensitivity to changes in endogenous neurotransmitter levels. [H-3]A69024 binding to D-2 receptors was affected only by neurotransmitter increases. [H-3]N-methylspiperone binding to 5-HT2A receptors and [H-3]WAY 100635 binding to 5-HT1A receptors appeared insensitive to changes in neurotransmitter levels. (C) 2001 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Phys, Sch Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Gifford, AN (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA/NS 11552-01] NR 45 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD NOV PY 2001 VL 25 IS 5 BP 679 EP 689 DI 10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00287-1 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 488TR UT WOS:000171952200008 PM 11682251 ER PT J AU Schiffer, WK Gerasimov, M Hofmann, L Marsteller, D Ashby, CR Brodie, JD Alexoff, DL Dewey, SL AF Schiffer, WK Gerasimov, M Hofmann, L Marsteller, D Ashby, CR Brodie, JD Alexoff, DL Dewey, SL TI Gamma vinyl-GABA differentially modulates NMDA antagonist-induced increases in mesocortical versus mesolimbic DA transmission SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE phencyclidine; NMDA-antagonist; microdialysis; dopamine; glutamate; GABA; vigabatrin ID VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA; MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS DOPAMINE; DUAL-PROBE MICRODIALYSIS; PHENCYCLIDINE-INDUCED HYPERACTIVITY; AMINO-ACID RECEPTORS; FREELY MOVING RATS; AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; GLUTAMATERGIC REGULATION; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE AB To explore the role of endogenous GABA in NMDA antagonist induced dopamine (DA) release, we used in vivo microdialysis to study the effects of pretreatment with gamma -vinyl GABA (GVG) on phencyclidine (PCP)-induced DA release in terminal regions of midbrain DA neurons. GVG, an irreversible inhibitor of the GABA catabolizing enzyme GABA-AT, significantly reduced the DA response to PCP (TO mg/kg) in freely moving animals. Preferential increases in PCP-induced DA release in the PFC (four-fold those of NAcc) were dose-dependently inhibited by acute pretreatment with GVG at doses of 150 (51% inhibition), 300 (68% inhibition), and 500 (82% inhibition) mg/kg, whereas NAcc PCP-induced DA activity was unresponsive to 150 mg/kg and only partially inhibited by 300 and 500 mg/kg. Subchronic treatment with GVG did not enhance the inhibitory capacity of the GABAergic system. While GVG evidently modulates PCP-induced increases in mesocorticolimbic DA transmission, the character of this modulation is regionally specific, with cortical NMDA-antagonist induced increases appearing more sensitive to inhibition by endogenous GABA than subcortical areas. (C) 2001 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. RP Schiffer, WK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [5RO-DA06278]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH 49165, R29 MH 55155] NR 67 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD NOV PY 2001 VL 25 IS 5 BP 704 EP 712 DI 10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00268-8 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 488TR UT WOS:000171952200011 PM 11682254 ER PT J AU McMichael, GA Pearsons, TN AF McMichael, GA Pearsons, TN TI Upstream movement of residual hatchery steelhead into areas containing bull trout and cutthroat trout SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID SALMO-GAIRDNERI; CHINOOK SALMON; GROWTH; FRY AB Hatchery-reared steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss that do not emigrate as smolts shortly after release may harm wild fish communities through ecological interactions. We used systematic, stratified snorkeling surveys to document the relative abundance of wild rainbow trout (nonanadromous O. mykiss), bull trout Salvelinus confluentus, and westslope cutthroat trout O. clarki lewisi as well as the upstream limit of residual hatchery steelhead (hatchery-reared steelhead that had failed to emigrate by June 1). Our objective was to determine whether residual hatchery steelhead had migrated upstream from their release point into an area containing westslope cutthroat trout and a threatened population of bull trout. Hatchery steelhead made up a larger proportion of the salmonid community in the sites near their release location and constituted a lower proportion as distance upstream from the release location increased. However, residual hatchery steelhead had migrated over 12 km upstream into an area containing westslope cutthroat trout and a threatened stock of bull trout. C1 Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. RP McMichael, GA (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Ecol Grp, POB 999,Mail Stop K6-85, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM geoffrey.mcmichael@pnl.gov NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0275-5947 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 21 IS 4 BP 943 EP 946 DI 10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0943:UMORHS>2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 529FL UT WOS:000174289300025 ER PT J AU Oikawa, T Kamada, Y Isayama, A Fujita, T Suzuki, T Umeda, N Kawai, M Kuriyama, M Grisham, LR Ikeda, Y Kajiwara, K Ushigusa, K Tobita, K Morioka, A Takechi, M Itoh, T AF Oikawa, T Kamada, Y Isayama, A Fujita, T Suzuki, T Umeda, N Kawai, M Kuriyama, M Grisham, LR Ikeda, Y Kajiwara, K Ushigusa, K Tobita, K Morioka, A Takechi, M Itoh, T CA JT60 Team TI Reactor relevant current drive and heating by N-NBI on JT-60U SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID TOKAMAK; PLASMAS; INJECTION AB The current drive capability of negative ion based neutral beam injection (N-NBI) in JT60U has been extended to the reactor relevant regime. The driven current profile and current drive efficiency have been evaluated in a high electron temperature regime T-e(0) 10 approximate to keV, and reasonable agreement with the theoretical prediction has been confirmed in this regime. The N-NB driven current reached 1 MA with an injection power of 3.75 MW at a beam energy of 360 keV. A current drive efficiency of 1.55 x 10(19) A m(-2) W-1, approaching the ITER requirement, was achieved in the high beta (p) H mode plasma with T-e(0) approximate to 13 keV. This current drive performance permitted sustainment of a high beta (beta (N) = 2.5) and high confinement (HHy2 = 1.4) plasma in the full current driven condition at a plasma current of 1.5 MA. The influence of instabilities on the N-NBI current drive was studied. When a burst-like instability driven by N-NBI occurred in the central region, reductions in loop voltage near the magnetic axis and in the neutron production rate due to loss of beam ions were observed although the lost driven current was at most similar to7% of the total driven current. When a neoclassical tearing instability appeared in high beta plasmas, the loss of beam ions was enhanced with increasing instability activity. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Oikawa, T (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NR 21 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD NOV PY 2001 VL 41 IS 11 BP 1575 EP 1583 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/41/11/307 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 495KM UT WOS:000172339800007 ER PT J AU Luce, TC Wade, MR Politzer, PA Allen, SL Austin, ME Baker, DR Bray, B Brennan, DP Burrell, KH Casper, TA Chu, MS DeBoo, JC Doyle, EJ Ferron, JR Garofalo, AM Gohil, P Gorelov, IA Greenfield, CM Groebner, RJ Heidbrink, WW Hsieh, CL Hyatt, AW Jayakumar, R Kinsey, JE La Haye, RJ Lao, LL Lasnier, CJ Lazarus, EA Leonard, AW Lin-Liu, YR Lohr, J Mahdavi, MA Makowski, MA Murakami, M Petty, CC Pinsker, RI Prater, R Rettig, CL Rhodes, TL Rice, BW Strait, EJ Taylor, TS Thomas, DM Turnbull, AD Watkins, JG West, WP Wong, KL AF Luce, TC Wade, MR Politzer, PA Allen, SL Austin, ME Baker, DR Bray, B Brennan, DP Burrell, KH Casper, TA Chu, MS DeBoo, JC Doyle, EJ Ferron, JR Garofalo, AM Gohil, P Gorelov, IA Greenfield, CM Groebner, RJ Heidbrink, WW Hsieh, CL Hyatt, AW Jayakumar, R Kinsey, JE La Haye, RJ Lao, LL Lasnier, CJ Lazarus, EA Leonard, AW Lin-Liu, YR Lohr, J Mahdavi, MA Makowski, MA Murakami, M Petty, CC Pinsker, RI Prater, R Rettig, CL Rhodes, TL Rice, BW Strait, EJ Taylor, TS Thomas, DM Turnbull, AD Watkins, JG West, WP Wong, KL TI Long pulse high performance discharges in the DIII-D tokamak SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID RESISTIVE WALL MODE; MAGNETIC SHEAR; CURRENT PROFILES; BETA-LIMIT; PLASMAS; STABILIZATION; TRANSPORT; OPTIMIZATION; CONFINEMENT; TURBULENCE AB Significant progress in obtaining high performance discharges lasting many energy confinement times in the DIII-D tokamak has been realized in recent experimental campaigns. Normalized performance similar to 10 has been sustained for more than 5(TE) with q(min) > 1.5. (The normalized performance is measured by the product beta H-N(89), indicating the proximity, to the conventional beta limits and energy confinement quality, respectively.) These H mode discharges have an ELMing edge and beta < 5%. The limit to increasing beta is a resistive wall mode, rather than the tearing modes as previously observed. Confinement remains good despite q(min) > 1. The global parameters were chosen to optimize the potential for fully non-inductive current sustainment at high performance, which is a key program goal for the DIII-D facility. Measurement of the current density and loop voltage profiles indicate that approximate to 75% of the current in the present discharges is sustained non-inductively. The remaining ohmic current is localized near the half-radius. The electron cyclotron heating system is being upgraded to replace this remaining current with ECCD. Density and beta control, which are essential for operating advanced tokamak discharges, were demonstrated in ELMing H mode discharges with beta H-N(89) approximate to 7 for up to 6.3 s or;: approximate to 34(TE). These discharges appear to have stationary current profiles with q(min) approximate to 1.05, in agreement with the current profile relaxation time approximate to 1.8 s. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Luce, TC (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. NR 39 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD NOV PY 2001 VL 41 IS 11 BP 1585 EP 1599 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/41/11/308 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 495KM UT WOS:000172339800008 ER PT J AU Sabbagh, SA Kaye, SM Menard, J Paoletti, F Bell, M Bell, RE Bialek, JM Bitter, M Fredrickson, ED Gates, DA Glasser, AH Kugel, H Lao, LL LeBlanc, BP Maingi, R Maqueda, RJ Mazzucato, E Mueller, D Ono, M Paul, SF Peng, M Skinner, CH Stutman, D Wurden, GA Zhu, W AF Sabbagh, SA Kaye, SM Menard, J Paoletti, F Bell, M Bell, RE Bialek, JM Bitter, M Fredrickson, ED Gates, DA Glasser, AH Kugel, H Lao, LL LeBlanc, BP Maingi, R Maqueda, RJ Mazzucato, E Mueller, D Ono, M Paul, SF Peng, M Skinner, CH Stutman, D Wurden, GA Zhu, W CA NSTX Res Team TI Equilibrium properties of spherical torus plasmas in NSTX SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID TOKAMAKS AB Research in NSTX has been conducted to establish spherical torus plasmas to be used for high beta, auxiliary heated experiments. This device has a major radius R-0 = 0.86 m and a midplane halfwidth of 0.7 m. It has been operated with toroidal magnetic field B-0 < 0.3 T and I-p less than or equal to 1.0 MA. The evolution of the plasma equilibrium is analysed between discharges with an automated version of the EFIT code. Limiter, double null and lower single null diverted configurations have been sustained for several energy confinement times. The plasma stored energy reached 92 kJ (beta (t) = 17.8%) with neutral beam heating. A plasma elongation in the range 1.6 less than or equal to k less than or equal to 2.0 and a triangularity in the range 0.25 < delta < 0.45 have been sustained, with values of k = 2.6 and delta = 0.6 being reached transiently. The reconstructed magnetic signals are fitted to the corresponding measured values with low errors. Aspects of the plasma boundary, pressure and safety factor profiles are supported by measurements from non-magnetic diagnostics. Plasma densities have reached 0.8 and 1.2 times the Greenwald limit in deuterium and helium plasmas, respectively, with no clear limit encountered. Instabilities including sawteeth and reconnection events, characterized by Mirnov oscillations, and a perturbation of the I-p, k, and l(i) evolutions, have been observed. A low q limit was observed and is imposed by a low toroidal mode number kink instability. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Sabbagh, SA (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015; Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017; OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484; Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 17 TC 131 Z9 131 U1 1 U2 10 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD NOV PY 2001 VL 41 IS 11 BP 1601 EP 1611 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/41/11/309 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 495KM UT WOS:000172339800009 ER PT J AU Dimits, AM Cohen, BI Nevins, WM Shumaker, DE AF Dimits, AM Cohen, BI Nevins, WM Shumaker, DE TI Parameter dependences of ion thermal transport due to toroidal ITG turbulence SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-GRADIENT TURBULENCE; FLUID SIMULATIONS; TOKAMAKS; PLASMAS; MODES; DRIVEN; FLOWS AB The non-linear 3-D toroidal gyrokinetic simulation code PG3EQ is used to study toroidal ion temperature gradient (ITC) driven turbulence - a key cause of the anomalous transport that limits tokamak plasma performance. Surveys of chi (i) versus E x B and toroidal shear show that (a) the maximum growth rate is not a good predictor of the E x B shear required to suppress turbulent transport, (b) there is often a 'plateau region' in which E x B shear significantly reduces the maximum linear growth rate but not the transport and (c) the parallel velocity shear component of toroidal velocity shear can negate much of the transport reduction by the E x B shear. Simulations in which the ion temperature gradient T-i'(r) initially varies with radial position evolve towards a state without strong radial variations in T-i'(r) while approximately preserving the total (E x B + diamagnetic) ion flow. If the electrostatic potential is initialized to zero, then sheared E x B flows result which can significantly reduce or quench the transport. If, however, the total ion flow profile (or equivalently the radial force) is initialized to be radially uniform, then the initial radial variations in T-i'(r) do not result in a significant reduction in the transport. Surveys of chi (i) versus magnetic shear S show a (often very sharp) peak at S similar or equal to 0.5 - the value at which the orientation of the ITG modes is in the major radius direction and is independent of poloidal angle in the region near the outer midplane. Surveys of chi (i) versus T-i' show that in most cases the thermal flux Q (chi T-i(i)') has a linear dependence on T-i', with an intercept value of T-i' which is often significantly larger than than linear critical value. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Dimits, AM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 24 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD NOV PY 2001 VL 41 IS 11 BP 1725 EP 1732 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/41/11/322 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 495KM UT WOS:000172339800022 ER PT J AU Bozzia, C Carassiti, V Ramusino, AC Dittongo, S Folegani, M Piemontese, L Abbott, BK Breon, AB Clark, AR Dow, S Fan, Q Goozen, F Hernikl, C Karcher, A Kerth, LT Kipnis, I Kluth, S Lynch, G Levi, M Luft, P Luo, L Nyman, M Pedrali-Noy, M Roe, NA Zizka, G Roberts, D Schieck, J Barni, D Brenna, E Defendi, I Forti, A Giugni, D Lanni, F Palombo, F Vaniev, V Leona, A Mandelli, E Manfredi, PF Perazzo, A Re, V Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bosi, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Gagliardi, D Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Mammini, P Morganti, M Morsani, F Neri, N Paoloni, E Profeti, A Rama, M Rampino, G Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Tritto, S Vitale, R Walsh, J Burchat, P Cheng, C Kirkby, D Meyer, T Roat, C Bona, M Bianchi, F Daudo, F Di Girolamo, B Gamba, D Giraudo, G Grosso, P Romero, A Smol, A Trapani, P Zanin, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Rashevskaia, I Lanceri, L Pompili, A Poropat, P Prest, M Rastelli, C Vallazza, E Vuagnin, G Hast, C Potter, EP Sharma, V Burke, S Callahan, D Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Eppich, A Hale, D Hall, K Hart, P Kuznetsova, N Kyre, S Levy, S Long, O May, J Richman, J Verkerke, W Witherell, M Beringer, J Eisner, AM Frey, A Grillo, A Grothe, M Johnson, R Kroeger, W Lockman, W Pulliam, T Rowe, W Schmitz, R Seiden, A Spencer, E Turri, M Walkowiak, W Wilder, M Charles, E Elmer, P Nielsen, J Orejudos, W Scott, I Zobernig, H AF Bozzia, C Carassiti, V Ramusino, AC Dittongo, S Folegani, M Piemontese, L Abbott, BK Breon, AB Clark, AR Dow, S Fan, Q Goozen, F Hernikl, C Karcher, A Kerth, LT Kipnis, I Kluth, S Lynch, G Levi, M Luft, P Luo, L Nyman, M Pedrali-Noy, M Roe, NA Zizka, G Roberts, D Schieck, J Barni, D Brenna, E Defendi, I Forti, A Giugni, D Lanni, F Palombo, F Vaniev, V Leona, A Mandelli, E Manfredi, PF Perazzo, A Re, V Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bosi, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Gagliardi, D Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Mammini, P Morganti, M Morsani, F Neri, N Paoloni, E Profeti, A Rama, M Rampino, G Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Tritto, S Vitale, R Walsh, J Burchat, P Cheng, C Kirkby, D Meyer, T Roat, C Bona, M Bianchi, F Daudo, F Di Girolamo, B Gamba, D Giraudo, G Grosso, P Romero, A Smol, A Trapani, P Zanin, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Rashevskaia, I Lanceri, L Pompili, A Poropat, P Prest, M Rastelli, C Vallazza, E Vuagnin, G Hast, C Potter, EP Sharma, V Burke, S Callahan, D Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Eppich, A Hale, D Hall, K Hart, P Kuznetsova, N Kyre, S Levy, S Long, O May, J Richman, J Verkerke, W Witherell, M Beringer, J Eisner, AM Frey, A Grillo, A Grothe, M Johnson, R Kroeger, W Lockman, W Pulliam, T Rowe, W Schmitz, R Seiden, A Spencer, E Turri, M Walkowiak, W Wilder, M Charles, E Elmer, P Nielsen, J Orejudos, W Scott, I Zobernig, H TI First-year experience with the BaBar silicon vertex tracker SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Vetex Detectors CY SEP 10-15, 2000 CL HOMESTEAD, MICHIGAN DE silicon-strip detector; BaBar experiment AB Within its first year of operation, the BaBar Silicon Vertex Tracker (SVT) has accomplished its primary design goal, measuring the z vertex coordinate with sufficient accuracy as to allow the measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetry in the neutral B-meson system. The SVT consists of five layers of double-sided. AC-coupled silicon-strip detectors of 300 mum thickness with a readout strip pitch of 50-210 mum and a stereo angle of 90 degrees between the strips on the two sides. Detector alignment and performance with respect to spatial resolution and efficiency in the reconstruction of single hits are discussed. In the day-to-day operation of the SVT., radiation damage and protection issues were of primary concern. The SVT is equipped with a dedicated system (SVTRAD) for radiation monitoring and protection, using reverse-biased photodiodes. The evolution of the SVTRAD thresholds on the tolerated radiation level is described. Results on the first-year radiation exposure as measured with the SVTRAD system and on the so far accumulated damage are presented. The implications of test-irradiation results and possible future PEP-II luminosity upgrades on the radiation limited lifetime of the SVT are discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Ferrara, Italy. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Milan, Italy. Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy. Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Pisa, Italy. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. RP Grothe, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RI Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Rizzo, Giuliana/A-8516-2015; OI Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Bettarini, Stefano/0000-0001-7742-2998; Paoloni, Eugenio/0000-0001-5969-8712; Cotta Ramusino, Angelo/0000-0003-1727-2478; Re, Valerio/0000-0003-0697-3420; Rizzo, Giuliana/0000-0003-1788-2866; PREST, MICHELA/0000-0003-3161-4454 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 473 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 16 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01113-5 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RB UT WOS:000172004400003 ER PT J AU Mihalcea, D AF Mihalcea, D TI The assembly and testing of the D0 silicon detector SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Vetex Detectors CY SEP 10-15, 2000 CL HOMESTEAD, MICHIGAN AB The silicon microstrip detector is a major upgrade of the D0 inner tracking system. We present an overview of the design and some of the assembly challenges. We describe the testing and repair procedures and associated yields. We also report results from electrical tests of our double sided detectors and the constraints imposed by micro discharge effect. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Oklahoma, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Mihalcea, D (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, 440 W Brooks Str, Norman, OK 73019 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 473 IS 1-2 BP 49 EP 52 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01119-6 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RB UT WOS:000172004400009 ER PT J AU Tournear, D AF Tournear, D TI The silicon tracker for the GLAST large area space telescope SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Vetex Detectors CY SEP 10-15, 2000 CL HOMESTEAD, MICHIGAN DE silicon strips; gamma ray; GLAST AB GLAST is a Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope, which contains a large silicon vertex detector. The construction of the Beam Test Engineering model of GLAST is discussed, along with plans for the future construction of the final instrument, Special attention is placed on what was learned from the silicon tracker construction and the current status of the GLAST tracker. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Dept Phys, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Tournear, D (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Dept Phys, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 473 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 66 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01121-4 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RB UT WOS:000172004400011 ER PT J AU Silva, EDE AF Silva, EDE TI Space experiments with silicon strip detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Vetex Detectors CY SEP 10-15, 2000 CL HOMESTEAD, MICHIGAN DE silicon strip detectors; space; review ID ALPHA MAGNETIC SPECTROMETER; TELESCOPE NINA; COSMIC-RAYS; TRACKER AB This paper briefly describes some of the scientific goals of the experiments using silicon strip detectors in space and highlights interesting features of their silicon detectors. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Silva, EDE (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, MS 98,POB 4349, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 473 IS 1-2 BP 107 EP 113 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RB UT WOS:000172004400019 ER PT J AU Wang, JC Appel, JA Artuso, M Butler, JN Cancelo, G Cardoso, G Cheung, H Chiodini, G Christian, DC Colautti, A Coluccia, R Di Corato, M Gottschalk, EE Hall, BK Hoff, J Kasper, PA Kutschke, R Kwan, SW Mekkaoui, A Menasce, D Newsom, C Sala, S Yarema, R Zimmermann, S AF Wang, JC Appel, JA Artuso, M Butler, JN Cancelo, G Cardoso, G Cheung, H Chiodini, G Christian, DC Colautti, A Coluccia, R Di Corato, M Gottschalk, EE Hall, BK Hoff, J Kasper, PA Kutschke, R Kwan, SW Mekkaoui, A Menasce, D Newsom, C Sala, S Yarema, R Zimmermann, S TI Beam test of BTeV pixel detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Vetex Detectors CY SEP 10-15, 2000 CL HOMESTEAD, MICHIGAN DE BTeV; pixel; silicon AB The silicon pixel vertex detector is one of the key elements of the BTeV spectrometer. Detector prototypes were tested in a beam at Fermilab. We report here on the measured spatial resolution as a function of the incident angles for different sensor-readout electronics combinations, We compare the results with predictions from our Monte Carlo simulation. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Sez INFN, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Wang, JC (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RI Menasce, Dario Livio/A-2168-2016 OI Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 473 IS 1-2 BP 119 EP 123 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01131-7 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RB UT WOS:000172004400021 ER PT J AU Christian, DC Appel, JA Cancelo, G Hoff, J Kwan, S Mekkaoui, A Yarema, R Wester, W Zimmermann, S AF Christian, DC Appel, JA Cancelo, G Hoff, J Kwan, S Mekkaoui, A Yarema, R Wester, W Zimmermann, S TI FPIX2: a radiation-hard pixel readout chip for BTeV SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Vetex Detectors CY SEP 10-15, 2000 CL HOMESTEAD, MICHIGAN AB A radiation-hard pixel readout chip, FPIX2, is being developed at Fermilab for the recently approved BTeV experiment [A. Kulyavtsev, et al., Proposal for an Experiment to Measure Mixing, CP Violation and Rare Decays in Charm and Beauty Particle Decays at the Fermilab Collider (2000), http://www.btev.fnal.gov/public_documents/ btev-proposal/]. Although designed for BTeV, this chip should also be appropriate for use by CDF and DZero. A short review of this development effort is presented. Particular attention is given to the circuit redesign which was made necessary by the decision to implement FPIX2 using a standard deep-submicron CMOS process rather than an explicitly radiation-hard CMOS technology, as originally planned. The results (including the effects of irradiation to similar to 33 Mrad) of initial tests of prototype 0.25 mum CMOS devices are presented. as are plans for the balance of the development effort. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Christian, DC (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 9 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 473 IS 1-2 BP 152 EP 156 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01137-8 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RB UT WOS:000172004400027 ER PT J AU Richardson, J AF Richardson, J TI The ATLAS pixel front-end readout chips SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Vetex Detectors CY SEP 10-15, 2000 CL HOMESTEAD, MICHIGAN AB Large advances have been made over the last three years in the development of the front-end readout electronics for the ATLAS (Atlas Tech, Proposal. The ATLAS Collaboration CERN/LHCC/94-43) Pixel (Inner Detector TDR, The ATLAS Collaboration CERN/LHCC/ 97-17) Tracker. I describe here the Pixel Demonstrator Programme, the initial phase of which involved the production of two realistic ATLAS prototype front-end readout chips using non-radiation tolerent processes (AMS BiCMOS and HP CMOS, both 0.8 mum). In the next phase of the programme, a single front-end design was fabricated in a radiation-hard technology (0.8 mum DMILL).Subsequent evaluations of this chip are also discussed herein. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Richardson, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 473 IS 1-2 BP 157 EP 162 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01138-X PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RB UT WOS:000172004400028 ER PT J AU Gottschalk, EE AF Gottschalk, EE TI BTeV detached vertex trigger SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Vetex Detectors CY SEP 10-15, 2000 CL HOMESTEAD, MICHIGAN DE BTeV; trigger; algorithm; pixel; track; vertex AB BTeV is a collider experiment that has been approved to run in the Tevatron at Fermilab. The experiment will conduct precision studies of CP violation using a forward-geometry detector. The detector will be optimized for high-rate detection of beauty and charm particles produced in collisions between protons and anti-protons. BTeV will trigger on beauty and charm events by taking advantage of the main difference between these heavy quark events and more typical hadronic events-the presence of detached beauty and charm decay vertices. The first stage of the BTeV trigger will receive data from a pixel vertex detector at a rate of 100 gb s(-1), reconstruct tracks and vertices for every beam crossing, reject 99% of beam crossings that do not produce beauty or charm particles, and trigger on beauty events with high efficiency. An overview of the trigger design and its influence on the design of the pixel vertex detector is presented. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Gottschalk, EE (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 4 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 473 IS 1-2 BP 167 EP 173 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01140-8 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RB UT WOS:000172004400030 ER PT J AU Pernegger, H Back, BB Baker, MD Barton, DS Betts, RR Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Holynski, R Hofman, DJ Holzman, B Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Michalowski, J Mignerey, A Mulmenstadt, J Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sarin, P Sawicki, P Skulski, W Steadmann, SG Stephans, GSF Steinberg, P Stodulski, M Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Teng, R Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B AF Pernegger, H Back, BB Baker, MD Barton, DS Betts, RR Bindel, R Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Holynski, R Hofman, DJ Holzman, B Johnson, E Kane, JL Katzy, J Khan, N Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Michalowski, J Mignerey, A Mulmenstadt, J Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Rosenberg, L Sarin, P Sawicki, P Skulski, W Steadmann, SG Stephans, GSF Steinberg, P Stodulski, M Sukhanov, A Tang, JL Teng, R Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B TI First performance results of the Phobos silicon detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Vetex Detectors CY SEP 10-15, 2000 CL HOMESTEAD, MICHIGAN DE solid-state detector; silicon pad detector; silicon signal; RHIC; heavy ion collision AB The Phobos experiment concluded its first year of operation at RHIC taking data in Au-Au nucleus collisions at roots(nn) = 65 GeV and 130 GeV/nucleon pair. First preliminary results of the performances of our silicon detectors in the experiment are summarized. The Phobos experiment uses silicon pad detectors for both tracking and multiplicity measurements. The silicon sensors vary strongly in their pad geometry. In this paper, we compare the signal response, the signal uniformity and signal-to-noise performance as measured in the experiment for the different geometries. Additionally, we investigate effects of very high channel occupancy on the signal response. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Stanislaw Staszic Univ Min & Met, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. Natl Cent Univ, Dept Phys, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. RP Pernegger, H (reprint author), MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Decowski, Patrick/A-4341-2011; Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/K-2432-2015; OI Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/0000-0003-1105-6678; Reuter, Michael/0000-0003-3881-8310 NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 473 IS 1-2 BP 197 EP 204 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01148-2 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RB UT WOS:000172004400035 ER PT J AU Wieman, H Bieser, F Kleinfelder, S Matis, HS Nevski, P Rai, G Smirnov, N AF Wieman, H Bieser, F Kleinfelder, S Matis, HS Nevski, P Rai, G Smirnov, N TI A new inner vertex detector for STAR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Vetex Detectors CY SEP 10-15, 2000 CL HOMESTEAD, MICHIGAN AB We report on design considerations for a new inner vertex detector for the STAR experiment at RHIC. A brief description of the STAR experiment and motivation for a high resolution vertex detector are presented. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Wieman, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 473 IS 1-2 BP 205 EP 209 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01149-4 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RB UT WOS:000172004400036 ER PT J AU Lipton, R AF Lipton, R TI Vertex 2000 summary SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Lipton, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS357,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 473 IS 1-2 BP 219 EP 222 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01151-2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RB UT WOS:000172004400038 ER PT J AU McPherson, DW Breeden, WK Beets, AL Luo, HM Sood, V Knapp, FF AF McPherson, DW Breeden, WK Beets, AL Luo, HM Sood, V Knapp, FF TI Stereoselective synthesis, in vitro, and initial in vivo evaluation of 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl alpha-hydroxy-alpha-(1-iodo-1-propen-3-yl)-alpha-phenylacetate (IPIP): a novel radioiodinated molecular probe with high affinity for the muscarinic receptor SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE IPIP; muscarinic; receptor; iodine-125; stereoisomers ID EMISSION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; IODINE-125-LABELED 1-AZABICYCLO<2.2.2>OCT-3-YL ALPHA-HYDROXY-ALPHA-(1-IODO-1-PRO; ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR; HUMAN BRAIN; 3-QUINUCLIDINYL BENZILATE; POTENTIAL RADIOLIGAND; I-123 IODODEXETIMIDE; IMAGING AGENT AB 1-Methylpiperidin-4-yl alpha -hydroxy-alpha-(1-iodo-1-propen-3-yl)-alpha -phenylacetate (IPIP, Fig. 1) was investigated as a potential radioiodinated molecular probe targeted to the muscarinic receptor complex. The IPIP stereoisomers were synthesized via a chiral intermediate in >95% enantiomeric excess. The R-isomers demonstrated a M-1 to M-2 subtype selectivity of approximately 3 to 1 and the S-isomers demonstrated non-subtype selective binding in vitro. IPIP was radiolabeled with iodide-125 with an average radiochemical yield of 74.4% (+/- 14.8, n=5), specific activities >800 mCi/mu mol, and radiochemical purities >97%. In vivo the Z-isomers demonstrated high uniform cerebral uptake suggesting non-subtype selective binding, In contrast, E-R-IPIP, after allowing a low uptake in M2 rich areas to clear, demonstrated a retention of activity in M-1 and M-4 rich cerebral regions. In addition, the cerebral uptake of E-R-IPIP and Z-S-IPIP were inhibited by 70-90% via pretreatment with R-QNB, an established muscarinic antagonist. An ex vivo metabolism study demonstrated Z-S-IPIP was stable at the receptor site with an absence of radiolabeled metabolites. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Nucl Med Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP McPherson, DW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Nucl Med Grp, POB 2008,Bldg 4501, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Sood, Vinay/B-7109-2008 NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0969-8051 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 28 IS 8 BP 959 EP 973 DI 10.1016/S0969-8051(01)00252-9 PG 15 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 495WQ UT WOS:000172363700010 PM 11711316 ER PT J AU Goluoglu, S Dodds, HL AF Goluoglu, S Dodds, HL TI A time-dependent, three-dimensional neutron transport methodology SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID KINETICS AB An improved quasi-static method is applied to the time-dependent, three-dimensional neutron transport equation with explicit representation of delayed neutrons. The relevant equations are derived, and the corresponding implementation of the method is presented. The resulting new code, which uses a three-dimensional, discrete ordinates code (TORT) to solve the static fixed-source equations, is tested using transient benchmark problems that are available in the literature. Results obtained with the new time-dependent code, named TDTORT, are in satisfactory agreement with the benchmark problem results. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Goluoglu, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Compuatat Phys & Engn Div, Nucl Engn Applicat Sect, Crit Safety Grp, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 139 IS 3 BP 248 EP 261 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 484HA UT WOS:000171683100002 ER PT J AU Gaudinski, JB Trumbore, SE Davidson, EA Cook, AC Markewitz, D Richter, DD AF Gaudinski, JB Trumbore, SE Davidson, EA Cook, AC Markewitz, D Richter, DD TI The age of fine-root carbon in three forests of the eastern United States measured by radiocarbon SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE radiocarbon; fine root dynamics; ecosystem carbon balance; belowground carbon allocation; soil organic matter ID NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; ORGANIC-MATTER; SOIL CARBON; TURNOVER; DYNAMICS; ECOSYSTEMS; BIOMASS; ALLOCATION; PATTERNS AB Using a new approach involving one-time measurements of radiocarbon (C-14) in fine (<2 min diameter) root tissues we have directly measured the mean age of fine-root carbon. We find that the carbon making up the standing stock of fine roots in deciduous and coniferous forests of the eastern United States has a mean age of 3-18 years for live fine roots, 10-18 years for dead fine roots, and 3-18 years for mixed live+dead fine roots. These C-14-derived mean ages represent the time C was stored in the plant before being allocated for root growth, plus the average lifespan (for live roots), plus the average time for the root to decompose (for dead roots and mixtures). Comparison of the C-14 content of roots known to have grown within I year with the C-14 of atmospheric CO2 for the same period shows that root tissues are derived from recently fixed carbon, and the storage time prior to allocation is <2 years and likely <1 year. Fine-root mean ages tend to increase with depth in the soil. Live roots in the organic horizons are made of C fixed 3-8 years ago compared with 11-18 years in the mineral B horizons. The mean age of C in roots increases with root diameter and also is related to branching order. Our results differ dramatically from previous estimates of fine-root mean ages made using mass balance approaches and root-viewing cameras, which generally report life spans (mean ages for live roots) of a few months to 1-2 years. Each method for estimating fine-root dynamics, including this new radiocarbon method, has biases. Root-viewing approaches tend to emphasize more rapidly cycling roots, while radiocarbon ages tend to reflect those components that persist longest in the soil. Our C-14-derived estimates of long mean ages can be reconciled with faster estimates only if fine-root populations have varying rates of root mortality and decomposition. Our results indicate that it standard definition of fine roots, as those with diameters of <2 mm, is inadequate to determine the most dynamic portion of the root population. Recognition of the variability in fine-root dynamics is necessary to obtain better estimates of belowground C inputs. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. Woods Hole Res Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Gaudinski, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. RI Trumbore, Susan/B-1948-2013; Davidson, Eric/K-4984-2013 OI Davidson, Eric/0000-0002-8525-8697 NR 41 TC 167 Z9 186 U1 4 U2 44 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD NOV PY 2001 VL 129 IS 3 BP 420 EP 429 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 496VQ UT WOS:000172418100012 ER PT J AU Guerra-Vladusic, FK Vladusic, EA Tsai, MS Lupu, R AF Guerra-Vladusic, FK Vladusic, EA Tsai, MS Lupu, R TI Signaling molecules implicated in heregulin induction of growth arrest and apoptosis SO ONCOLOGY REPORTS LA English DT Article DE heregulin; growth arrest; erbB receptors; MAPK; JNK; PEA3 ID HUMAN-BREAST-CANCER; NEU DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR; RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE; ETS TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; HUMAN MAMMARY-TUMORS; TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; ERBB-2 RECEPTOR; EGF RECEPTOR; MAP KINASE; INTRACELLULAR EXPRESSION AB Heregulin (HRG) is one of the groups of polypeptide growth factors that activate the erbB-2 receptor via induction of heterodimerization with erbB-3 and erbB-4 receptors. The biological effects of HRG have been extensively studied. The vast majority of the reports indicate that HRG induces cell growth in breast cancer cells expressing normal levels of erbB-2 and growth inhibition and apoptosis in cells overexpressing erbB-2. However, the mechanism by which HRG promotes cell growth inhibition and apoptosis is still unknown. Previously we reported that constitutive expression of HRG in an erbB-2-overexpressing cell line (SKBr-3) induced growth arrest and apoptosis. We also demonstrated that constitutive expression of HRG promoted a marked morphological change, G2/M delay of the cell cycle, and DNA fragmentation. In this study, we demonstrate the mechanism by which HRG induces these cellular effects. The doubling time of the SK/HRG cells increased in relation to the level of HRG expression, and the level of HRG expression dictates the morphological change of the cells as well as their ability to grow or not grow in an anchorage-independent manner. We demonstrate that these effects are accompanied by downregulation of both erbB-2 and erbB-3 receptors at the transcriptional and translational levels and that downregulation of the erbB-receptors results in reduced receptor tyrosine phosphorylation. The decrease in erbB-receptor phosphorylation in turn results in a marked reduction of ERK activity and a significant increase in JNK activity. Consequently, overexpression of HRG promoted the expression of PEA3, an Ets nuclear transcription factor. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the cellular effects induced by constitutive expression of HRG in SKBr-3 cells are correlated with the level of HRG expression. This is a first report demonstrating that HRG induction of apoptosis is directly correlated with decreased MAPK activity, increased JNK activity resulting in upregulation of PEA3 and downregulation of the erbB-2 receptor. Overall, these data provide important clues regarding the mechanism and downstream molecules involved in HRG induction of apoptosis that can be used as targets for therapeutic prevention. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lupu, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [P01-DK 49049-05] NR 84 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU PROFESSOR D A SPANDIDOS PI ATHENS PA 1, S MERKOURI ST, EDITORIAL OFFICE,, ATHENS 116 35, GREECE SN 1021-335X J9 ONCOL REP JI Oncol. Rep. PD NOV-DEC PY 2001 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1203 EP 1214 PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 487JH UT WOS:000171871500002 PM 11605034 ER PT J AU Chan, JW Huser, T Risbud, S Krol, DM AF Chan, JW Huser, T Risbud, S Krol, DM TI Structural changes in fused silica after exposure to focused femtosecond laser pulses SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPARENT MATERIALS; VITREOUS SILICA; GLASSES; RAMAN; SIO2; MEMORY; DAMAGE AB Using in situ Raman scattering in a confocal microscopy setup, we have observed changes in the network structure of fused silica after modifying regions inside the glass with tightly focused 800-nm 130-fs laser pulses at fluences of 5-200 J cm(-2). The Raman spectra show a large increase in the peaks at 490 and 605 cm(-1), owing to 4- and 3-membered ring structures in the silica network, indicating that densification occurs after exposure to the femtosecond laser pulses. The results are consistent with the formation of a localized plasma by the laser pulse and a subsequent microexplosion inside the glass. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Chan, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Huser, Thomas/H-1195-2012 OI Huser, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7416 NR 17 TC 253 Z9 261 U1 5 U2 42 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 21 BP 1726 EP 1728 DI 10.1364/OL.26.001726 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 492HH UT WOS:000172162000030 PM 18049713 ER PT J AU Marcinow, Z Sygula, A Ellern, A Rabideau, PW AF Marcinow, Z Sygula, A Ellern, A Rabideau, PW TI Lowering inversion barriers of buckybowls by benzannelation of the rim: Synthesis and crystal and molecular structure of 1 2-dihydrocyclopenta[b,c]dibenzo[g,m]corannulene SO ORGANIC LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; TO-BOWL INVERSION; CORANNULENE; CYCLOPENTACORANNULENE; SEMIBUCKMINSTERFULLERENE AB [GRAPHICS] The title compound (3) has been synthesized by a non-pyrolytic route providing a 36% isolated yield in the final step. X-ray crystal structure determination shows that 3 crystallizes with one solvating molecule of toluene and exhibits slightly lower curvature than the parent cyclopentacorannulene. DFT calculations predict a substantially lower bowl-to-bowl inversion barrier for 3 than for dihydro-cyclopentacorannulene, and this is confirmed by dynamic H-1 NMR experiments. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Sygula, A (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM asygula@iastate.edu; rabideau@iastate.edu NR 26 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1523-7060 J9 ORG LETT JI Org. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 3 IS 22 BP 3527 EP 3529 DI 10.1021/ol016607h PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 486PM UT WOS:000171826200026 PM 11678699 ER PT J AU Mishin, Y Sorensen, MR Voter, AF AF Mishin, Y Sorensen, MR Voter, AF TI Calculation of point-defect entropy in metals SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID FREE-ENERGY; MANY-BODY; DIFFUSION; VACANCIES; POTENTIALS; DYNAMICS; SOLIDS AB We investigate previously used methods and propose a new method for atomistic calculations of point-defect entropies in metals within the harmonic approximation to lattice vibrations. The key problem is to predict accurately the defect formation entropy in a macroscopic crystal from atomistic calculations performed on a small system containing relatively few atoms. The results of atomistic calculations may depend significantly on the system size, geometry and boundary conditions. Two previously used methods, which we call the supercell and embedded-cluster methods, are analysed in two ways: firstly, within a linear elasticity model of a point defect and, secondly, by atomistic calculations for a vacancy and an interstitial in copper using an embedded-atom potential. The results of atomistic calculations confirm the linear elasticity analysis and show that the supercell method is much more accurate than the embedded-cluster method. However, the latter is useful for computing the defect core entropy, which turns out to be a well-defined physical quantity. We propose a new method of defect entropy calculations that combines the embedded-cluster method with a quasicontinuum approximation outside the cluster. This method, which we call an elastically corrected embedded-cluster method, has an accuracy comparable with that of the supercell method and extends defect entropy calculations towards larger system sizes. C1 George Mason Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP George Mason Univ, Sch Computat Sci, MSN 5C3, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM ymishin@gmu.edu RI Mishin, Yuri/P-2020-2015 NR 25 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 81 IS 11 BP 2591 EP 2612 PG 22 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 483HZ UT WOS:000171631100004 ER PT J AU Watanabe, S Koike, T Suda, T Ohnuki, S Takahashi, H Lam, NQ AF Watanabe, S Koike, T Suda, T Ohnuki, S Takahashi, H Lam, NQ TI Atomistic study of structural fluctuations during radiation-induced amorphization in the ordered intermetallic compound NiTi SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-IRRADIATION AB We have carried out an atomistic study of electron-induced amorphization of an ordered intermetallic compound NiTi by means of in-situ high-resolution high-voltage electron microscopy observations and molecular dynamics simulations. Both theoretical and experimental results show that metastable nanometre-size atomic clusters form and disappear during irradiation, so that a spatiotemporal fluctuation under amorphization is induced. Mean-lifetime measurements of these clusters demonstrate that high-energy particle irradiation provides a useful tool to study dynamic fluctuations of the local atomic structure in the non-equilibrium open systems. C1 Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Div Mat Sci, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. Hokkaido Univ, Ctr Adv Res Energy Technol, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Watanabe, S (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Div Mat Sci, Kita Ku, Kita 13,Nishi 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. RI seiichi, watanabe/E-2622-2012 NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0950-0839 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 81 IS 11 BP 789 EP 794 DI 10.1080/09500830110085965 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 483GZ UT WOS:000171626400008 ER PT J AU Gubernatis, JE Guerrero, M Lin, HQ Huang, ZB AF Gubernatis, JE Guerrero, M Lin, HQ Huang, ZB TI Quantum Monte Carlo study of pairing correlations in two-dimensional extended one-band and three-band Hubbard models SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Theories, Discoveries and Applications of Superconductors and Related Materials CY JAN 15-19, 2001 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII DE Hubbard models; quantum Monte Carlo; superconductivity ID FERMION GROUND-STATES AB Using the recently developed constrained-path Monte Carlo method, we have completed a series of ground state computations of pairing correlation functions in two-dimensional extended one-band and three-band Hubbard models. We found that d(x2-y2)-wave pairing correlations dominated s-wave correlations but that these correlations were suppressed by increasing the strength of the Hubbard repulsion U and the lattice size and that this picture was not significantly altered by adding a next nearest neighbor hopping t' and a nearest neighbor Coulomb attraction V to the one band model or by adding a nearest-neighbor O-O hopping and Cu-O repulsion to the three-band model. The trends suggest an unlikeliness that these models superconduct. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Gubernatis, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B262,T-11, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 364 BP 134 EP 137 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00731-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 492EP UT WOS:000172155700029 ER PT J AU Bonca, J Trugman, SA AF Bonca, J Trugman, SA TI Holstein and Frohlich bipolarons SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Theories, Discoveries and Applications of Superconductors and Related Materials CY JAN 15-19, 2001 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII DE bipolaron; Holstein model; Frohlich model; Hubbard model ID POLARON AB We explore the properties of the bipolaron in a simplified one-dimensional (1D) Frohlich-Hubbard model in comparison with results in the Holstein-Hubbard model, where the former has a longer range electron-phonon interaction. We solve the model with an exact diagonalization method on an infinite 1D lattice. In the strong coupling regime, the effective mass of the Frohlich bipolaron is much smaller than the Holstein bipolaron mass. In contrast to the Holstein model where only a singlet bipolaron is bound, in the Frohlich model, a triplet bipolaron can also form a bound state. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Ljubljana, FMF, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bonca, J (reprint author), Univ Ljubljana, FMF, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 364 BP 141 EP 143 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00733-X PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 492EP UT WOS:000172155700031 ER PT J AU Hennings, BD Rathnayaka, KDD Naugle, DG Canfield, PC AF Hennings, BD Rathnayaka, KDD Naugle, DG Canfield, PC TI Thermal transport of single-crystal HoNi2B2C and DyNi2B2C SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Theories, Discoveries and Applications of Superconductors and Related Materials CY JAN 15-19, 2001 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII DE thermal conductivity; borocarbides; magnetic superconductor; antiferromagnetism; superconductivity; intermetallic compounds ID RNI2B2C AB The quaternary intermetallic rare-earth nickel borocarbides, RNi2B2C, are a family of compounds that show magnetic behavior, superconducting behavior, and/or both. Thermal transport measurements reveal both electron and phonon scattering mechanisms, and can provide information on the interplay of these two long-range phenomena. For R = Dy and Ho, the thermal conductivity is dominated by electrons and the low temperature thermal conductivity exhibits a marked loss of scattering at the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature, T-N. Unlike the case for R = Y and Lu non-magnetic superconductors, a phonon peak in the thermal conductivity below T-c is not observed down to T = 1.4 K for the R = Dy and Ho magnetic superconductors. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hennings, BD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 364 BP 257 EP 260 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00767-5 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 492EP UT WOS:000172155700061 ER PT J AU Hasan, MZ Isaacs, ED Shen, ZX AF Hasan, MZ Isaacs, ED Shen, ZX TI Momentum resolved resonant inelastic X-ray scattering as a novel tool to study electronic structure of complex insulators SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Theories, Discoveries and Applications of Superconductors and Related Materials CY JAN 15-19, 2001 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII DE cuprate superconductivity; electronic structure; inelastic X-ray scattering ID TRANSITION; SUPERCONDUCTORS; DEPENDENCE; SR2CUO2CL2; OXIDES AB Well-developed momentum-resolved spectroscopies such as photoemission or neutron scattering cannot probe the full charge gap in insulators, We demonstrate that charge excitations across the full gap in a Mott insulator can be studied using high resolution inelastic X-ray scattering in a momentum-resolved manner which can provide momentum-resolved information about the unoccupied electronic band. We also briefly mention some advantages this technique has over other spectroscopies to study electronic structure of matter. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Stanford Univ, LAM, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, SSRL,SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. RP Hasan, MZ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, LAM, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, SSRL,SLAC, 476 Lomita Mall,434, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI HASAN, M. Zahid/D-8237-2012 NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 364 BP 265 EP 268 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00769-9 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 492EP UT WOS:000172155700063 ER PT J AU Cimpoiasu, E Paulikas, AP Veal, BW Almasan, CC AF Cimpoiasu, E Paulikas, AP Veal, BW Almasan, CC TI Magneto transport properties of antiferromagnetic YBa2Cu3O6.25 single crystals SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Theories, Discoveries and Applications of Superconductors and Related Materials CY JAN 15-19, 2001 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII DE high-T-c cuprates; magnetoresistance; antiferromagnetism ID MAGNETORESISTANCE ANOMALIES; CHARGED STRIPES; FINGERPRINTS AB In-plane Delta rho (ab)/rho (ab) and out-of-plane Delta rho (c)/rho (c) magnetoresistivities of antiferromagnetic YBa2Cu3O6.25 single crystals were measured in magnetic fields H applied along the ab-plane. Delta rho (ab)/rho (ab) is a superposition of two components: The first component is strongly in-plane anisotropic, changing sign from negative when H parallel toI to positive when H perpendicular toI. The second component is positive, quadratic in H, and isotropic in the ab-plane. Delta rho (c)/rho (c) displays a fourfold symmetry upon in-plane rotation of the magnetic field, with maxima along the easy axes of antiferromagnetic spin ordering and minima along unfavorable directions of spin orientation (45 degrees from the Cu-O-Cu bonds). (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Almasan, CC (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 364 BP 399 EP 403 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00806-1 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 492EP UT WOS:000172155700092 ER PT J AU Krusin-Elbaum, L Shibauchi, T Li, M Maley, MP Kes, PH AF Krusin-Elbaum, L Shibauchi, T Li, M Maley, MP Kes, PH TI On the spin origin of the pseudogap in high-T-c superconductors SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Theories, Discoveries and Applications of Superconductors and Related Materials CY JAN 15-19, 2001 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII DE pseudogap; phase diagram; magnetoresistance; interlayer tunneling ID NEGATIVE MAGNETORESISTANCE; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; TEMPERATURE; GAP AB We report on the magnetic field dependence of the pseudogap in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+y obtained through measurements of the c-axis tunneling resistivity in fields up to 60 T that probes the low-energy density of states (DOS). A field that restores DOS to its ungapped state shows strikingly different temperature dependence from the characteristic fields of the superconducting state. We find that the pseudogap closing field and the pseudogap temperature are related through a simple Zeeman energy scaling. These findings indicate a predominant role of spins over the orbital effects in the formation of the pseudogap. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST, STC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Krusin-Elbaum, L (reprint author), IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, POB 218,Route 134, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. RI Shibauchi, Takasada/B-9349-2008 OI Shibauchi, Takasada/0000-0001-5831-4924 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 364 BP 434 EP 436 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00815-2 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 492EP UT WOS:000172155700101 ER PT J AU Miyakawa, N Zasadzinski, JF Oonuki, S Asano, M Henmi, D Kaneko, T Ozyuzer, L Gray, KE AF Miyakawa, N Zasadzinski, JF Oonuki, S Asano, M Henmi, D Kaneko, T Ozyuzer, L Gray, KE TI Implications of tunneling studies on high-T-c cuprates: superconducting gap and pseudogap SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Theories, Discoveries and Applications of Superconductors and Related Materials CY JAN 15-19, 2001 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII DE tunneling; doping dependence; HTSC; superconducting gap; pseudogap ID ELECTRONIC SPECIFIC-HEAT; OVERDOPED BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SPECTROSCOPY; STATE; BEHAVIOR; ENERGY; PLANE AB Tunneling spectra have been measured on high-T-c cuprates including single crystals Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6-delta (Bi2201) and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (Bi2212) using superconductor-insulator-normal metal point contact or superconductor-insulator-superconductor break junction methods. The doping dependence of the energy gap parameter is similar in both Bi2212 and Bi2201, increasing monotonically to very large values in the underdoped regime even as T-c decreases, This doping dependence of superconducting gap is similar to that of pseudogap temperature, T* indicating this is consistent with the scenario whereby the low-energy pseudogap is due to some type of precursor of superconductivity. The high-energy feature observed as the hump structure may be another kind of pseudogap whose energy scale is much larger than superconducting gap, and it may be magnetic in origin. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sci Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1628601, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IIT, Div Phys, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Izmir Inst Technol, Dept Phys, TR-35230 Izmir, Turkey. RP Miyakawa, N (reprint author), Sci Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Shinjuku Ku, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Tokyo 1628601, Japan. RI Ozyuzer, Lutfi/H-3142-2011 NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 364 BP 475 EP 479 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00824-3 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 492EP UT WOS:000172155700110 ER PT J AU Ortiz, G Batista, CD Balatsky, A AF Ortiz, G Batista, CD Balatsky, A TI Resonance peak and incommensurate response as direct manifestations of magnetism SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Theories, Discoveries and Applications of Superconductors and Related Materials CY JAN 15-19, 2001 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII DE high-T-c cuprates; magnetic incommensuration; resonance peak ID COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SPIN DYNAMICS; T-C; YBA2CU3O6+X; FLUCTUATIONS; DEPENDENCE; BILAYER; STATES AB It is argued that both the resonance peak and low-energy incommensurate response observed in high-T-c cuprate superconductors have a common magnetic origin. These physical quantities represent universal signatures of an underlying incommensurate spin state both below and above the superconducting transition temperature. In this framework the resonance peak is the reflection of commensurate antiferromagnetism. Our theoretical scenario gives an account of the main universal features observed in various families of superconductors and predicts those that have not been observed yet experimentally. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ortiz, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-11 B262, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016 NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 364 BP 549 EP 552 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00849-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 492EP UT WOS:000172155700129 ER PT J AU Mook, HA Dogan, F AF Mook, HA Dogan, F TI Charge fluctuations in YBa2Cu3O6+x superconductors SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Theories, Discoveries and Applications of Superconductors and Related Materials CY JAN 15-19, 2001 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII DE superconductivity; stripes; neutron scattering ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; HUBBARD-MODEL AB Striped phases in which spin and charge separate into different regions in the material have been proposed to account for the unusual properties of the high-T-c cuprate superconductors. The driving force for a striped phase is the charge distribution, which self-organizes itself into linear regions. In the highest T-c materials such regions are not static but fluctuate in time. Neutrons, having no charge, cannot directly observe these fluctuations but they can be observed indirectly by their effect on the phonons. Neutron scattering measurements have been made using a specialized technique to study the phonon line shapes in four crystals with oxygen doping levels varying from highly underdoped to optimal doping. It is shown that fluctuating charge stripes exist over the whole doping range, and become visible below temperatures somewhat higher than the pseudogap temperature. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Mook, HA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 364 BP 553 EP 557 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00850-4 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 492EP UT WOS:000172155700130 ER PT J AU Ding, H Wang, SC Yang, HB Takahashi, T Campuzano, JC Maeno, Y AF Ding, H Wang, SC Yang, HB Takahashi, T Campuzano, JC Maeno, Y TI Band reflection and surface reconstruction in Sr2RuO4 SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Theories, Discoveries and Applications of Superconductors and Related Materials CY JAN 15-19, 2001 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII DE ruthenate; electronic structure; Fermi surface ID SUPERCONDUCTOR SR2RUO4; FERMI-SURFACE; LAYERED PEROVSKITE; LATTICE; ANALOG; HE-3 AB We report angle-resolved photoemission results on Sr2RuO4 single crystals. In addition to three Fermi surfaces which are consistent with band theory and de Haas-van Alphen result, we found the fourth band which is caused by a band folding along the (pi, pi) direction. This band folding is likely to be caused by a surface reconstruction. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 60601, Japan. RP Ding, H (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. EM dingh@bc.edu RI Tohoku, Arpes/A-4890-2010; Takahashi, Takashi/E-5080-2010; Wang, Shancai/F-6162-2013; OI Ding, Hong/0000-0003-4422-9248 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 364 BP 594 EP 599 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00859-0 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 492EP UT WOS:000172155700139 ER PT J AU Hasan, MZ Isaacs, ED Shen, ZX Miller, LL AF Hasan, MZ Isaacs, ED Shen, ZX Miller, LL TI Charge excitations in a quantum antiferromagnet SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Theories, Discoveries and Applications of Superconductors and Related Materials CY JAN 15-19, 2001 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII DE resonant scattering; HTSC; antiferromagnetic insulator ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SR2CUO2CL2; TRANSITION; OXIDES AB We briefly report momentum-resolved charge excitations in a cuprate antiferromagnetic insulator in the intermediate regimes of momentum transfers using high energy resonant X-ray scattering near the Cu K-edge. The excitation spectra show dispersive features near the insulating gap edge which can be understood in terms of antiferromagnetic correlation of the underlying lattice. Details of the experiment will be reported elsewhere. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Stanford Univ, LAM, Dept Appl Phys & Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SLAC, SSRL, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hasan, MZ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, LAM, Dept Appl Phys & Phys, 476 Lomita Mall 434, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI HASAN, M. Zahid/D-8237-2012 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 364 BP 618 EP 621 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00864-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 492EP UT WOS:000172155700144 ER PT J AU Puig, T Rodriguez, P Carrillo, AE Obradors, X Zheng, H Welp, U Chen, L Claus, H Veal, BW Crabtree, GW AF Puig, T Rodriguez, P Carrillo, AE Obradors, X Zheng, H Welp, U Chen, L Claus, H Veal, BW Crabtree, GW TI Self-seeded YBCO welding induced by Ag additives SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article DE melt processing YBCO; joining YBCO; Ag additions; critical current ID BOUNDARIES; COMPOSITES; CURRENTS AB A new welding procedure for bulk melt-textured YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) superconducting tiles has been developed leading to high quality joints. The welding agent consists of a YBCO-Ag composite, which has a peritectic temperature 40 degreesC lower than YBCO. It is shown that through a proper selection of thermal treatments, the effect of Ag additives can be confined to the immediate welding zone, thus allowing a self-seeded growth process of the YBCO/Ag composite initiated at the adjacent solid YBCO crystals. Local magneto-optical observations, as well as trapped field measurements produced by circulating currents in ring samples, reveal that the critical current across the weld joint is as high as that of bulk melt-textured YBCO. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. RP Claus, H (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave,MSD 223, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Obradors, Xavier/A-8146-2012; Puig, Teresa/O-1077-2013 OI Puig, Teresa/0000-0002-1873-0488 NR 16 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 363 IS 2 BP 75 EP 79 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00899-1 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 485NY UT WOS:000171761500001 ER PT J AU Aytug, T Xie, YY Wu, JZ Christen, DK AF Aytug, T Xie, YY Wu, JZ Christen, DK TI Growth characteristics of HgBa2CaCu2O6 superconducting films on CeO2-buffered YSZ single crystals: an assessment for coated conductors SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article DE high-temperature superconductors; Hg-1212; buffer layers; coated conductors ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; ELECTRON-BEAM EVAPORATION; PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; BIAXIALLY TEXTURED NI; THIN-FILMS; BUFFER LAYERS; CATION-EXCHANGE; TEMPERATURE; YBCO; TL0.78BI0.22SR1.6BA0.4CA2CU3O9 AB Superconducting HgBa2CaCu2O6 (Hg-1212) films have been fabricated on CeO2-buffered YSZ single-crystal substrates using a two-step cation-exchange process. X-ray diffraction analyses show that the Hg-1212 films are highly crystalline and grow epitaxially on these CeO2/YSZ substrates. Although the superconducting transition temperatures (T-c) of these films are approximately 122 K, the critical current densities (J(c)) fall far below the expected values. The reason for these low-J(c) values is explained by the observations of a cracked surface morphology in the superconducting layers. The likely mechanism for formation of the cracks and implications for the development of Hg-based coated conductors are discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Aytug, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bldg 3115,MS-6061,Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 363 IS 2 BP 107 EP 112 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00630-X PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 485NY UT WOS:000171761500005 ER PT J AU Kendziora, C Nachumi, B Fournier, P Li, ZY Greene, RL Hinks, DG AF Kendziora, C Nachumi, B Fournier, P Li, ZY Greene, RL Hinks, DG TI Unconventional superconductivity observed with Raman spectroscopy in p- and n-type cuprates SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Theories, Discoveries and Applications of Superconductors and Related Materials CY JAN 15-19, 2001 CL HONOLULU, HI DE superconductivity; Raman spectroscopy; p-type cuprates; n-type cuprates; d-wave ID T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; SCATTERING; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; FLUCTUATIONS; ANISOTROPY; EVOLUTION; GAP AB We study the electronic Raman spectra of p- and n-type cuprates. In particular, we study the electronic continuum and the energy of the 2 Delta peaks that form below T-c as a function of photon polarization (symmetry within the crystal). In the present work we discuss heavily overdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (T-c = 54 K) where the electronic continuum and energy gap are dominated by excitations of Big symmetry. We compare and contrast this with n-type crystals of Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4+delta (T-c = 21 K) and Pr1.81Ce0.15CuO4+delta (T-c = 22 K), where the superconducting 2 Delta peaks are strongest in B-2g symmetry. All three samples show 2 Delta (max) = 4.5k(B)T(c). We discuss our results using red (lambda = 647, 700 nm) excitation wavelengths in the context of earlier studies performed using higher energy green (lambda = 514.5 nm) and blue (lambda = 476, 488 am) lasers. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Phys, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. Univ Maryland, Ctr Superconduct Res, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6653, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kendziora@nrl.navy.mil NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 EI 1873-2143 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 364 BP 541 EP 544 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00847-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 492EP UT WOS:000172155700127 ER PT J AU Vaschenko, G Patel, D Menoni, CS Gardner, NF Sun, J Gotz, W Tome, CN Clausen, B AF Vaschenko, G Patel, D Menoni, CS Gardner, NF Sun, J Gotz, W Tome, CN Clausen, B TI Pressure dependence of piezoelectric field in InGaN/GaN quantum wells SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS-4) CY JUL 16-20, 2001 CL DENVER, COLORADO ID POLARIZATION; GAN; CONSTANTS; NITRIDE; ALN AB In this work we use the well width dependence of the quantum confined Stark effect to determine the variation of the built-in piezoelectric field in InGaN/GaN quantum wells with applied hydrostatic pressure. We find that the field increases from 1.4 MV/cm at atmospheric pressure to 2.6 MV/cm at 8.7 GPa. An analysis of the strain generated by the pressure suggests that the increase in the field is due to a dramatic dependence of the piezoelectric constants of GaN and InGaN on strain. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. LumiLeds Lighting, San Jose, CA 95131 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vaschenko, G (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RI Menoni, Carmen/A-3775-2008; Menoni, Carmen/B-4989-2011; Tome, Carlos/D-5058-2013; Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015 OI Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 228 IS 1 BP 73 EP 76 DI 10.1002/1521-3951(200111)228:1<73::AID-PSSB73>3.0.CO;2-5 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 498LV UT WOS:000172513100017 ER PT J AU Shapiro, NA Feick, H Gardner, NF Gotz, WK Waltereit, P Speck, JS Weber, ER AF Shapiro, NA Feick, H Gardner, NF Gotz, WK Waltereit, P Speck, JS Weber, ER TI Relation between structural parameters and the effective electron-hole separation in InGaN/GaN quantum wells SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS-4) CY JUL 16-20, 2001 CL DENVER, COLORADO AB The photoluminescence (PL) of InGaN/GaN quantum well (QW) structures is measured as a function of biaxial strain to study the dependence of the luminescence emission on the built-in electric field. The direction and magnitude of the shift in luminescence energy with strain reveals an effective e-h separation in the well. We have used this method to evaluate the effective e-h separation in a number of structures with varying QW thickness and indium content. Our results show that the e-h separation increases with increasing QW thickness and with increasing indium content. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. LumiLeds Lighting, San Jose, CA 95131 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Shapiro, NA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Speck, James/H-5646-2011 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 228 IS 1 BP 147 EP 151 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 498LV UT WOS:000172513100034 ER PT J AU Mascarenhas, A Zhang, Y Seong, MJ AF Mascarenhas, A Zhang, Y Seong, MJ TI A perspective of GaAs1-xNx and GaPxN1-x as heavily doped semiconductors SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS-4) CY JUL 16-20, 2001 CL DENVER, COLORADO ID OPTICAL-TRANSITIONS; IMPURITY BAND; NITROGEN; ALLOYS; GAP; GAAS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; LUMINESCENCE; GAINNAS AB The behavior of GaAs1-xNx and GaPxN1-x is contrasted with that of AlxGa1-xAs and InxGa1-xAs with respect to irregular and regular alloy behavior. lt is proposed that GaAs1-xNx and GaPxN1-x behave as heavily nitrogen doped semiconductors rather than dilute nitride alloys and that their abnormal or irregular alloy behavior is associated with impurity band formation that manifests itself in the giant bowing and poor transport properties characteristic of these materials. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Mascarenhas, A (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 228 IS 1 BP 243 EP 252 DI 10.1002/1521-3951(200111)228:1<243::AID-PSSB243>3.0.CO;2-Z PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 498LV UT WOS:000172513100056 ER PT J AU Kent, PRC Zunger, A AF Kent, PRC Zunger, A TI Evolution of electron states with composition in GaAsN alloys SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS-4) CY JUL 16-20, 2001 CL DENVER, COLORADO ID BAND AB We present a theory of the evolution of the electronic structure of GaAsN alloys, from the dilute impurity limit to the fully formed alloy. Using large scale empirical pseudopotential calculations, we show how substitutional nitrogen forms Perturbed Host States (PHS) inside the conduction band whereas small nitrogen aggregates form localized Cluster States (CS) in the band gap. By following the evolution of these states with increasing nitrogen composition we develop a model that explains many of the experimentally observed phenomena, including high effective masses, Stokes shift in emission versus absorption, and anomalous pressure dependence. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Kent, PRC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Kent, Paul/A-6756-2008; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 OI Kent, Paul/0000-0001-5539-4017; NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 228 IS 1 BP 253 EP 257 DI 10.1002/1521-3951(200111)228:1<253::AID-PSSB253>3.0.CO;2-V PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 498LV UT WOS:000172513100057 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Francoeur, S Mascarenhas, A Xin, HP Tu, CW AF Zhang, Y Francoeur, S Mascarenhas, A Xin, HP Tu, CW TI Electronic structure of heavily and randomly nitrogen doped GaAs near the fundamental band gap SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS-4) CY JUL 16-20, 2001 CL DENVER, COLORADO ID PAIR LUMINESCENCE; IMPURITY BAND; ALLOYS; PRESSURE AB On increasing the nitrogen doping concentration in GaAs, states associated with isolated. paired and clustered (i.e.. more complex configurations) nitrogen atoms sequentially appear, with their energy levels being resonant for the isolated center and most of the pairs and becoming bound for a couple of pairs and clusters. At a nitrogen mole concentration of x similar to 0.1%, the shallow nitrogen bound states have merged with the GaAs band edge, which effectively gives rise to a band gap reduction, but the deeper nitrogen bound states persist as discrete levels. We study the behavior of nitrogen at this "transition" concentration, using various techniques (photoluminescence under selective excitation. electroreflectance. and Raman scattering), in order to gain insight into the large band gap reduction observed at all nitrogen concentrations. The validity of a few existing models proposed for explaining the large band gap reduction will be briefly discussed. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Francoeur, Sebastien/E-6614-2011 OI Francoeur, Sebastien/0000-0002-6129-7026 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 228 IS 1 BP 287 EP 291 DI 10.1002/1521-3951(200111)228:1<287::AID-PSSB287>3.3.CO;2-V PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 498LV UT WOS:000172513100064 ER PT J AU Liliental-Weber, Z Jasinski, J Benamara, M Grzegory, I Porowski, S Lampert, DJH Eiting, CJ Dupuis, RD AF Liliental-Weber, Z Jasinski, J Benamara, M Grzegory, I Porowski, S Lampert, DJH Eiting, CJ Dupuis, RD TI Influence of dopants on defect formation in GaN SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS-4) CY JUL 16-20, 2001 CL DENVER, COLORADO ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; MG-DOPED GAN AB The influence of p-dopants (Mg and Be) on the structure of GaN has been studied using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Bulk GaN: Mg and GaN: Be crystals grown by a high pressure and high temperature process and GaN: Mg grown by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD) have been studied. A structural dependence on growth polarity was observed in the bulk crystals. Spontaneous ordering in bulk GaN: Mg on c-plane (formation of Mg-rich planar defects with characteristics of inversion domains) was observed for growth in the N to Ga polar direction (N polarity). On the opposite side of the crystal (growth in the Ga to N polar direction) Mg-rich pyramidal defects empty inside (pinholes) were observed. Both these defects were also observed in MOCVD grown crystals. Pyramidal defects were also observed in the bulk GaN: Be crystals. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Polish Acad Sci, High Pressure Res Ctr Unipress, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Texas, Ctr Microelect Res, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Liliental-Weber, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, M-S 62-203, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012 NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 228 IS 2 BP 345 EP 352 DI 10.1002/1521-3951(200111)228:2<345::AID-PSSB345>3.0.CO;2-M PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 503GM UT WOS:000172790800001 ER PT J AU Visconti, P Huang, D Reshchikov, MA Yun, F King, T Baski, AA Cingolani, R Litton, CW Jasinski, J Liliental-Weber, Z Morkoc, H AF Visconti, P Huang, D Reshchikov, MA Yun, F King, T Baski, AA Cingolani, R Litton, CW Jasinski, J Liliental-Weber, Z Morkoc, H TI Investigation of defects and polarity in GaN using hot wet etching, atomic force and transmission electron microscopy and convergent beam electron diffraction SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS-4) CY JUL 16-20, 2001 CL DENVER, COLORADO AB Availability of reliable and quick methods to investigate defects and polarity in GaN films is of great interest. We have used photo-electrochemical (PEC) and hot wet etching to determine the defect density. We found the density of whiskers formed by the PEC process to be similar to the density of hexagonal pits formed by wet etching and to the dislocation density obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Hot wet etching was used also to investigate the polarity of MBE-grown GaN films together with convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). We have found that hot H3PO4 etches N-polarity GaN films very quickly resulting in the complete removal or a drastic change of surface morphology. On the contrary, the acid attacks only the defect sites in Ga-polar films leaving the defect-free GaN intact and the morphology unchanged. The polarity assignments, confirmed by CBED experiments, were related to the as-grown surface morphology and to the growth conditions, C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. INFM, NNL, Unit Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Univ Lecce, Dept Innovat Engn, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. IME, CNR, Ist Studio Nuovi Mat Eletrron, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Visconti, P (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Med Coll Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. RI Cingolani, Roberto/B-9191-2011; Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012; VISCONTI, PAOLO/L-7214-2015; OI VISCONTI, PAOLO/0000-0002-4058-4042; Baski, Alison/0000-0002-8985-8067 NR 10 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 228 IS 2 BP 513 EP 517 DI 10.1002/1521-3951(200111)228:2<513::AID-PSSB513>3.0.CO;2-Y PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 503GM UT WOS:000172790800037 ER PT J AU Yun, F Huang, D Reshchikov, MA King, T Baski, AA Litton, CW Jasinski, J Liliental-Weber, Z Visconti, P Morkoc, H AF Yun, F Huang, D Reshchikov, MA King, T Baski, AA Litton, CW Jasinski, J Liliental-Weber, Z Visconti, P Morkoc, H TI A comparative study of MBE-grown GaN films having predominantly Ga- or N-polarity SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS-4) CY JUL 16-20, 2001 CL DENVER, COLORADO ID VAPOR-PHASE-EPITAXY; SAPPHIRE AB Wurtzitic GaN epilayers having both Ga and N-polarity were grown by reactive molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) using a plasma-activated nitrogen source on c-plane sapphire. The polarities were verified by convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED). High-resolution X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed to characterize the structural defects present in the films. The different topographic features of Ga and N-polarity samples and their appearance after wet etching were correlated to the measured X-ray rocking curve peak widths for both symmetric [0002] and asymmetric [10 (1) over bar4] diffraction. For Ga-polarity samples, the [0002] diffraction is narrower than the [10 (1) over bar4] diffraction, while for N-polarity ones the [0002] peaks are broader than [10 (1) over bar4]. The half width of [10 (1) over bar4] peaks for both polarity types were in the range of 5-7 arcmin indicative of, among possibly other defects, a high density of pure edge threading dislocations lying parallel to the c-axis. The 1-2 arcmin [0002] linewidths of Ga-polarity samples suggest a low density of screw dislocations, which corresponds with the TEM observations where the screw dislocation density is less than 10(7) cm(-2). In N-polarity samples, however, the [0002] diffraction peak was typically wider than 5 arcmin, suggesting either a higher density of edge dislocations and inversion domains in N-polarity samples, or the columnar structural features in AFM images, where the effective coherence length for X-ray diffraction is drastically reduced. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. USAF, Res Lab, MLPS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yun, F (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, 601 W Main St, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012; VISCONTI, PAOLO/L-7214-2015; OI VISCONTI, PAOLO/0000-0002-4058-4042; Baski, Alison/0000-0002-8985-8067 NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 228 IS 2 BP 543 EP 547 DI 10.1002/1521-3951(200111)228:2<543::AID-PSSB543>3.0.CO;2-M PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 503GM UT WOS:000172790800043 ER PT J AU Benioff, P AF Benioff, P TI Efficient implementation and the product-state representation of numbers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM COMPUTATION; ENTANGLEMENT; ENVIRONMENT; MECHANICS; CODE AB The relation between the requirement of efficient implementability and the product-state representation of numbers is examined. Numbers are defined to be any model of the axioms of number theory or arithmetic. Efficient implementability (EI) means that the basic arithmetic operations are physically implementable and the space-time and thermodynamic resources needed to carry out the implementations are polynomial in the range of numbers considered. Different models of numbers are described to show the independence of both El and the product-state representation from the axioms. The relation between El and the product-state representation is examined. It is seen that the condition of a product-state representation does not imply El. Arguments used to refute the converse implication, El implies a product-state representation. seem reasonable; but they are not conclusive. Thus this implication remains an open question. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Benioff, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM pbenioff@anl.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 052310 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.64.052310 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 490VJ UT WOS:000172074200029 ER PT J AU Berman, GP Bishop, AR James, DFV Hughes, RJ Kamenev, DI AF Berman, GP Bishop, AR James, DFV Hughes, RJ Kamenev, DI TI Dynamical stability of an ion in a linear trap as a solid-state problem of electron localization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE; DEGENERATE SYSTEM; QUANTUM CHAOS AB When an ion confined in a linear ion trap interacts with a coherent laser field, the internal degrees of freedom, related to the electron transitions, couple to the vibrational degree of freedom of the ion. As a result of this interaction. the quantum dynamics of the vibrational degree of freedom becomes complicated, and in some ranges of parameters even chaotic. We analyze the vibrational ion dynamics using a formal analogy with the solid-state problem of electron localization. In particular, we show how the resonant approximation used in analysis of the ion dynamics, leads to a transition from a two-dimensional (2D) to a one-dimensional problem (1D) of electron localization. The localization length in the solid-state problem is estimated in cases of weak and strong interaction between the sites of the 2D cell by using the methods of resonance perturbation theory, common in analysis of 1D time-dependent dynamical systems. We show that the localization length can be used as an indicator of the effective temperature of the trapped ion, which can be experimentally measured. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Div P 23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Berman, GP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI James, Daniel/B-9805-2009 OI James, Daniel/0000-0003-3981-4602 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 053406 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 490VJ UT WOS:000172074200067 ER PT J AU Cohl, HS Rau, ARP Tohline, JE Browne, DA Cazes, JE Barnes, EI AF Cohl, HS Rau, ARP Tohline, JE Browne, DA Cazes, JE Barnes, EI TI Useful alternative to the multipole expansion of 1/r potentials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article AB Few-body problems involving Coulomb or gravitational interactions between pairs of particles, whether in classical or quantum physics, are generally handled through a standard multipole expansion of the two-body potentials. We develop an alternative based on an old, but hitherto forgotten, expression for the inverse distance between two points that builds on azimuthal symmetry. This alternative should have wide applicability throughout physics and astronomy, both for computation and for the insights it provides through its emphasis on different symmetries and structures than are familiar from the standard treatment. We compare and contrast the two methods, develop addition theorems for Legendre functions of the second kind and a number of useful analytical expressions for these functions. Two-electron "direct" and "exchange" integrals in many-electron quantum systems are evaluated to illustrate the procedure, which is more compact than the standard one using Wigner coefficients and Slater integrals. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Cohl, HS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM hcohl@datasync.com NR 25 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 052509 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.64.052509 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 490VJ UT WOS:000172074200040 ER PT J AU Dombeck, T Ringo, R Koetke, DD Kaiser, H Schoen, K Werner, SA Dombeck, D AF Dombeck, T Ringo, R Koetke, DD Kaiser, H Schoen, K Werner, SA Dombeck, D TI Measurement of the neutron reflectivity for Bragg reflections off a perfect silicon crystal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT; DIFFRACTION; SCATTERING; STORAGE; SEARCH AB We have carried out a neutron reflectivity measurement of silicon as a prelude to a search for the neutron electric dipole moment (EDM). Our technique uses multiple Bragg reflections for neutrons near 1.92 Angstrom as they travel down slots cut along the (440) planes of a perfect silicon crystal. For neutrons within the Darwin peak width, a previous measurement places a lower limit on the reflectivity of R>0.9978. Our measurement has been performed at the University of Missouri Research Reactor and has resulted in a value of R=0.999976 +/-0.000075. which yields a value of R>0.9999 at the 90% confidence level. This is in agreement with the calculated reflectivity of R = 0.999 952 and indicates that as many as 21 000 multiple Bragg reflections are possible before there is a significant loss of neutron intensity. By coupling the EDM to the atomic electric fields on each reflection, we estimate this technique will allow a measurement of the EDM with a sensitivity on the order of 10(-27) e cm. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Dombeck, T (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 053607 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 490VJ UT WOS:000172074200078 ER PT J AU James, DFV Kwiat, PG Munro, WJ White, AG AF James, DFV Kwiat, PG Munro, WJ White, AG TI Measurement of qubits SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL HOMODYNE TOMOGRAPHY; QUANTUM-STATE; ENTANGLED STATES; RECONSTRUCTION; LIGHT; ATOM AB We describe in detail the theory underpinning the measurement of density matrices of a pair of quantum two-level systems ("qubits"). Our particular emphasis is on qubits realized by the two polarization degrees of freedom of a pair of entangled photons generated in a down-conversion experiment; however, the discussion applies in general, regardless of the actual physical realization. Two techniques are discussed, namely, a tomographic reconstruction (in which the density matrix is linearly related to a set of measured quantities) and a maximum likelihood technique which requires numerical optimization (but has the advantage of producing density matrices that are always non-negative definite). In addition, a detailed error analysis is presented, allowing errors in quantities derived from the density matrix, such as the entropy or entanglement of formation, to be estimated. Examples based on down-conversion experiments are used to illustrate our results. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T4, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Div P23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Queensland, Dept Phys, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Hewlett Packard Labs, Bristol BS34 8QZ, Avon, England. RP James, DFV (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T4, Mail Stop B-283, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dfvj@lanl.gov RI James, Daniel/B-9805-2009; White, Andrew/A-1088-2009; Munro, William/A-8453-2011 OI James, Daniel/0000-0003-3981-4602; White, Andrew/0000-0001-9639-5200; Munro, William/0000-0003-1835-2250 NR 38 TC 842 Z9 851 U1 12 U2 69 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 052312 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.64.052312 PG 15 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 490VJ UT WOS:000172074200031 ER PT J AU Alver, U Goodrich, RG Harrison, N Hall, DW Palm, EC Murphy, TP Tozer, SW Pagliuso, PG Moreno, NO Sarrao, JL Fisk, Z AF Alver, U Goodrich, RG Harrison, N Hall, DW Palm, EC Murphy, TP Tozer, SW Pagliuso, PG Moreno, NO Sarrao, JL Fisk, Z TI Localized f electrons in CexLa1-xRhIn5: de Haas-van Alphen measurements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERMI-SURFACE PROPERTIES; METAMAGNETIC TRANSITION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; HEAVY FERMIONS; CERHIN5 AB Measurements of the de Haas-van Alphen effect in CexLa1-xRhIn5 reveal that the Ce 4f electrons remain localized for all x, with the mass enhancement and progressive loss of one spin from the de Haas-van Alphen signal resulting from spin fluctuation effects. This behavior may be typical of antiferromagnetic heavy fermion compounds, in spite of the fact that the 4f electron localization in CeRhIn5 is driven, in part, by a spin-density wave instability. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RI Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Moreno, Nelson/H-1708-2012 OI Moreno, Nelson/0000-0002-1672-4340 NR 27 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 180402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.180402 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400007 ER PT J AU Batista, CD Ortiz, G Balatsky, AV AF Batista, CD Ortiz, G Balatsky, AV TI Unified description of the resonance peak and incommensuration in high-T-c superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SPIN DYNAMICS; MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS; YBA2CU3O6+X; MODEL; SUSCEPTIBILITY; FLUCTUATIONS; DEPENDENCE; BILAYER AB We present a unified description of the resonance peak and low-energy incommensurate response observed in high-T-c cuprate superconductors. We argue that both features have a purely magnetic origin and they represent universal features of an incommensurate spin state both below and above the superconducting transition temperature. In this description the resonance peak is the reflection of commensurate antiferromagnetism. Our theoretical scenario gives an account of the main features observed in various families of superconductors and predicts those not yet observed, like a resonance peak in La2NiO4+x. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Batista, CD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016 NR 34 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 172508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.172508 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600023 ER PT J AU Bille, A Klemm, RA Scharnberg, K AF Bille, A Klemm, RA Scharnberg, K TI Models of c-axis twist Josephson tunneling SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; GRAIN-BOUNDARY JUNCTIONS; ORDER-PARAMETER SYMMETRY; LINEAR-RESPONSE CALCULATION; STRONG-COUPLING CALCULATION; PHASE-SENSITIVE TEST; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; S-WAVE; CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; INTERLAYER CONDUCTIVITY AB We calculate the critical current density J(c)(j)(phi (o)) for Josephson tunneling between identical high-temperature superconductors twisted an angle phi (o) about the c axis. Regardless of the shape of the two-dimensional Fermi surface and for very general tunneling matrix elements, an order parameter (OP) with general d-wave symmetry leads to J(c)(J)(pi /4) = 0. This general result is inconsistent with the data of Li et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 4160 (1999)] on Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (Bi2212), which showed J(c)(J) to be independent of phi (o). If the momentum parallel to the barrier is conserved in the tunneling process, J(c)(J) should vary substantially with the twist angle phi (o) when the tight-binding Fermi surface appropriate for Bi2212 is taken into account, even if the OP is completely isotropic. We quantify the degree of momentum nonconservation necessary to render J(c)(J)(phi (o)) constant within experimental error for a variety of pair states by interpolating between the coherent and incoherent limits using five specific models to describe the momentum dependence of the tunneling matrix element squared. From the data of Li et al., we conclude that the c-axis tunneling in Bi2212 must be very nearly incoherent, and that the OP must have a nonvanishing Fermi-surface average for T less than or equal toT(c). We further show that the apparent conventional sum-rule violation observed by Basov et al. [Science 283, 49 (1999)] can be consistent with such strongly incoherent c-axis tunneling. C1 Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys 1, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys 1, Jungiusstr 9, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. EM rklemm@mpipks-dresden.mpg.de NR 86 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 174507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.174507 PG 23 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600078 ER PT J AU Bogdanov, PV Lanzara, A Zhou, XJ Kellar, SA Feng, DL Lu, ED Eisaki, H Shimoyama, JI Kishio, K Hussain, Z Shen, ZX AF Bogdanov, PV Lanzara, A Zhou, XJ Kellar, SA Feng, DL Lu, ED Eisaki, H Shimoyama, JI Kishio, K Hussain, Z Shen, ZX TI Photoemission study of Pb doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8: A Fermi surface picture SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; CA-CU-O; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SUPERCONDUCTING GAP; NORMAL-STATE; BANDS AB High resolution angle resolved photoemission data from Pb doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (Bi2212) with suppressed superstructure is presented. Improved resolution and very high momentum space sampling at various photon energies reveal the presence of two Fermi surface pieces. One has the holelike topology, while the other one has its van Hove singularity very close to (pi ,0), its topology at some photon energies resembles the electronlike piece. This result provides a unifying picture of the Fermi surface in the Bi2212 compound and reconciles the conflicting reports. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Chem, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. RP Bogdanov, PV (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 23 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 180505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.180505 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400019 ER PT J AU Brojeny, AAB Clem, JR AF Brojeny, AAB Clem, JR TI Magnetization of a current-carrying superconducting Corbino disk SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT CRITICAL-CURRENT; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; FIELD; CRYSTALS; FILMS AB We calculate the hysteretic response of a current-carrying type-II superconducting Corbino disk subjected to a perpendicular applied magnetic field. For a disk containing remanent flux in zero field, our theory predicts that applying a radial transport current or raising the temperature at fixed current will cause the magnetic flux to be expelled from the sample. For a disk initially containing no magnetic flux but carrying a radial current, we find that as a perpendicular magnetic field is applied, magnetic-flux penetration occurs in three stages: (i) the magnetic flux gradually penetrates from the edges of the disk until an instability occurs, (ii) there is a rapid inflow of magnetic flux into the disk's central region, which becomes resistive because the radial current density there exceeds the depinning critical current density J(c), and (iii) magnetic flux continues to enter the disk, while persistent azimuthal currents flow in an outer annular region where the net current density is equal to J(c). We also calculate the behavior of a current-carrying Corbino disk subjected to an ac magnetic field. C1 Isfahan Univ Technol, Dept Phys, Esfahan 84154, Iran. Iowa State Univ, Int Inst Theoret & Appl Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Brojeny, AAB (reprint author), Isfahan Univ Technol, Dept Phys, Esfahan 84154, Iran. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 184507 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400103 ER PT J AU Bud'ko, SL Kogan, VG Canfield, PC AF Bud'ko, SL Kogan, VG Canfield, PC TI Determination of superconducting anisotropy from magnetization data on random powders as applied to LuNi2B2C, YNi2B2C, and MgB2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID UPPER CRITICAL-FIELD; SINGLE-CRYSTALS AB The recently discovered intermetallic superconductor MgB2 appears to have a highly anisotopic upper critical field with H-c2(max)/H-c2(min) = gamma > 5. in order to determine the temperature dependence of both H-c2(max) and H-c2(min) we propose a method of extracting the superconducting anisotropy from the magnetization M(H,T) of randomly oriented powder samples, The method is based on two features in (partial derivativeM/partial derivativeT)(H): the onset of diamagnetism at T-c(max), that is commonly associated with H-c2, and a kink in partial derivativeM/partial derivativeT at a lower temperature T-c(min). Results for LuNi2B2C and YNi2B2C powders are in agreement with anisotropic H-c2 obtained from magnetotransport measurements on single crystals. Using this method on four different types of MgB2 powder samples we are able to determine H-c2(min)(T) and H-c2(min)(T) with gamma approximate to 6. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bud'ko, SL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 30 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 180506 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.180506 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400020 ER PT J AU Cao, D Bridges, F Anderson, M Ramirez, AR Olapinski, M Subramanian, MA Booth, CH Kwei, GH AF Cao, D Bridges, F Anderson, M Ramirez, AR Olapinski, M Subramanian, MA Booth, CH Kwei, GH TI Local distortions in La(0.7)Ca(0.3)Mn(1-b)A(b)O(3) (A = Ti and Ga) colossal magnetoresistance samples: Correlations with magnetization and evidence for cluster formation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; MN K-EDGE; DOUBLE EXCHANGE; LA1-XCAXMNO3; MANGANITES; CA; LA(1-X)A(X)MNO(3); SPECTROSCOPY; LA1-XSRXMNO3; TEMPERATURE AB X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements as a function of temperature have been carried out at the Mn K edge for La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xTixO3 and La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-yGayO3 (x and y = 0.01 to 0.10) and correlated with transport and magnetization measurements. Most samples exhibit colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) at low temperature. The magnetization data show a concentration dependence: the ferromagnetic phase transition broadens as x or y increases, and both the transition temperature T-c and the saturated magnetization decrease with increasing dopant concentration. The transport measurements show that the resistivity increases as x or y increases, and that the resistivity peak, which we associated with the metal-to-insulator (MI) transition temperature T-MI, moves rapidly to lower temperatures with x or y. In contrast to the La1-aCaaMnO3 materials, for which the resistivity peak normally occurs very close to T-c T-MI is usually far below T-c for these cosubstituted materials, The increase in resistivity well below T-c strongly suggests the formation of clusters. We also find that T-MI has a much smaller magnetic field dependence than that for La1-aCaaMnO3 CMR materials. The XAFS data show that a non-Debye broadening, associated with polaron formation, also develops as T approaches T-c as observed for other CMR samples, but the magnitude of this extra broadening, Delta sigma (2), decreases with x or y, with a larger effect for Ti than for Ga. We find that for a given type of dopant, the resistivity peak occurs when sigma (2) is decreased to a specific value that is essentially independent of concentration and that this corresponds to nearly the same value of the sample magnetization. These results indicate that the addition of either Ga or Ti distorts the local Mn-O environment which likely promotes cluster formation, Measurements of the absorption edge shift as a function of x for these materials do not quite follow the calculated edge positions based on concentrations, possibly suggesting small variations in O stoichiometry. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Dupont Co Inc, Cent Res & Dev, Expt Stn, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cao, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RI Booth, Corwin/A-7877-2008 NR 33 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 184409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.184409 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400063 ER PT J AU Chen, XH Xue, YY Meng, RL Chu, CW AF Chen, XH Xue, YY Meng, RL Chu, CW TI Penetration depth and anisotropy in MgB2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB The penetration depth lambda of MgB2 was deduced from both the ac susceptibility chi and the magnetization M(H) of sorted powders. The good agreement between the two sets of data without geometric correction for the grain orientation suggests that MgB2 is an isotropic superconductor. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RI Yin, Weiguo/A-9671-2014 OI Yin, Weiguo/0000-0002-4965-5329 NR 10 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 172501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.172501 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600016 ER PT J AU Curro, NJ Simovic, B Hammel, PC Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD Martins, GB AF Curro, NJ Simovic, B Hammel, PC Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD Martins, GB TI Anomalous NMR magnetic shifts in CeCoIn5 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CERHIN5 AB We report In-115 and Co-59 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements in the heavy fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 above and below T-c. The hyperfine couplings of the In-115 and Co-59 are anisotropic and exhibit dramatic changes below 50 K due to changes in the crystal field level populations of the Ce ions. suggesting localized f electrons. Below T-c the spin susceptibility is suppressed, indicating singlet pairing. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Curro, NJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Hammel, P Chris/O-4845-2014; Martins, George/C-9756-2012; Curro, Nicholas/D-3413-2009 OI Hammel, P Chris/0000-0002-4138-4798; Martins, George/0000-0001-7846-708X; Curro, Nicholas/0000-0001-7829-0237 NR 22 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 180514 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.180514 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400028 ER PT J AU Enjalran, M Hebert, F Batrouni, GG Scalettar, RT Zhang, SW AF Enjalran, M Hebert, F Batrouni, GG Scalettar, RT Zhang, SW TI Constrained-path quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the zero-temperature disordered two-dimensional Hubbard model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; FERMION GROUND-STATES; T-J MODEL; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; PAIRING CORRELATIONS; PHASE-SEPARATION; SPIN-GLASSES; 2 DIMENSIONS; FIELD THEORY; SYSTEMS AB We study the effects of disorder on long-range antiferromagnetic correlations in the half-filled, two-dimensional, repulsive Hubbard model at T = 0. A mean field approach is first employed to gain a qualitative picture of the physics and to guide our choice for a trial wave function in a constrained path quantum Monte Carlo (CPQMC) method that allows for a more accurate treatment of correlations. Within the mean field calculation, we observe both Anderson and Mott insulating antiferromagnetic phases. There are transitions to a paramagnet only for relatively weak coupling, U < 2t in the case of bond disorder, and U < 4t in the case of on-site disorder. Using ground-state CPQMC we demonstrate that this mean field approach significantly overestimates magnetic order. For U = 4t, we find a critical bond disorder of V-c approximate to (1.6 +/- 0.4)t even though within mean field theory no paramagnetic phase is found for this value of the interaction. In the site disordered case. we find a critical disorder of V-c approximate to (5.0 +/- 0.5)t at U = 4t. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Nice, Inst Nonlineaire Nice, F-06560 Valbonne, France. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mat Res Inst, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Enjalran, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Batrouni, George/A-9318-2009 NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 184402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.184402 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400056 ER PT J AU Eroles, J Ortiz, G Balatsky, AV Bishop, AR AF Eroles, J Ortiz, G Balatsky, AV Bishop, AR TI Photoemission spectroscopy from inhomogeneous models of cuprates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID T-J MODEL; 2-DIMENSIONAL HUBBARD-MODEL; LA1.6-XND0.4SRXCUO4; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; STRIPES; PHASE AB We investigate the electronic dynamics in the underdoped cuprates. focusing on the effects of one-dimensional charge stripes. We address recent experimental angle-resolved photoemission spectra for (La1.28Nd0.6Sr0.12)CuO4. We find that various inhomogeneous models can account for the distribution of quasiparticle weights close to momentum k=(pi ,0) and symmetry-related points. The observed flat dispersion region around the same k point can be addressed by certain classes of those inhomogeneous models which locally break spin symmetry. Homogeneous models, including hopping elements up to second neighbors, cannot reproduce the experimental quasiparticle weight, since most of it is centered around k=(pi /2,pi /2). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Argentina. Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Argentina. RP Eroles, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 174510 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.174510 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600081 ER PT J AU Janotti, A Wei, SH Singh, DJ AF Janotti, A Wei, SH Singh, DJ TI First-principles study of the stability of BN and C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED-GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; BORON-NITRIDE MODIFICATIONS; AB-INITIO CALCULATION; PHASE-DIAGRAM; ISOTHERMAL COMPRESSION; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; HIGH-PRESSURES; GROUND-STATE; TRANSITIONS; DIAMOND AB First-principles total energy calculations are performed to study the phase stability of BN and C at low temperature. These are done using density functional theory (DFT) within the local density approximation (LDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). We find that for both materials LDA calculations predict dense cubic structures as the ground state structures, while the GGA calculations predict less dense hexagonal layered structures as the ground states. Our calculated results provide a stringent test for the validity of the functional used for the DFT calculations. Accurate experimental measurements of thermodynamic properties for BN and C at low temperature are needed to clarify the stability issues for these materials. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. USN, Complex Syst Theory Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012; Janotti, Anderson/F-1773-2011 OI Janotti, Anderson/0000-0001-5028-8338 NR 50 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 3 U2 34 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 174107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.174107 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600037 ER PT J AU Jin, R He, J McCall, S Alexander, CS Drymiotis, F Mandrus, D AF Jin, R He, J McCall, S Alexander, CS Drymiotis, F Mandrus, D TI Superconductivity in the correlated pyrochlore Cd2Re2O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-FERMION; RESISTIVITY; TRANSITION; OXIDE AB We report the observation of superconductivity in high-quality Cd2Re2O7 single crystals with room-temperature pyrochlore structure. Resistivity and ac susceptibility measurements establish an onset transition temperature T-c(onset) = 1.47 K with transition width DeltaT(c) = 0.25 K. In applied magnetic field. the resistive transition shows a type-II character. with an approximately linear temperature-dependence of the upper critical field H-c2. The bulk nature of the superconductivity is confirmed by the specific heat jump with DeltaC =3 7.9 mJ/mol-K. Using the gamma value extracted from normal-state specific heat data. we obtain DeltaC/gammaT(c), = 1.29. close to the weak coupling BCS value. In the normal state, a negative Hall coefficient below 100 K suggests electronlike conduction in this material. The resistivity exhibits a quadratic T dependence between 2 and 60 K. i.e., rho = rho (0) + AT(2), indicative of Fermi-liquid behavior. The values of the Kadowaki-Woods ratio A/gamma (2) and the Wilson ratio are comparable to that for strongly correlated materials. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Jin, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jinr@ornl.gov RI McCall, Scott/G-1733-2014; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 OI McCall, Scott/0000-0002-7979-4944; NR 19 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 180503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.180503 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400017 ER PT J AU Koshelev, AE Aranson, I AF Koshelev, AE Aranson, I TI Dynamic structure selection and instabilities of driven Josephson lattice in high-temperature superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PARALLEL MAGNETIC-FIELDS; COUPLED LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL WHISKERS; T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTEX LATTICE; COLLECTIVE DYNAMICS; QUASI-PARTICLES; JUNCTIONS; VORTICES; MODES AB We investigate the dynamics of the Josephson vortex lattice in layered high-T-c superconductors at high magnetic fields. Starting from coupled equations for superconducting phases and magnetic field we derive equations for the relative displacements (phase shifts) between the planar Josephson arrays in the layers. These equations reveal two families of steady-state solutions: lattices with constant phase shifts between neighboring layers, starting from zero for a rectangular configuration to it for a triangular configuration, and double-periodic lattices. We find that the excess Josephson current is resonantly enhanced when the Josephson frequency matches the frequency of the plasma mode at the wave vector selected by the lattice structure. The regular lattices exhibit several kinds of instabilities. We find stability regions of the moving lattice in the plane [lattice structure]-(Josephson frequency]. A specific lattice structure at given velocity is selected uniquely by boundary conditions, which are determined by the reflection properties of electromagnetic waves generated by the moving lattice. With increase of velocity the moving configuration experiences several qualitative transformations. At small velocities the regular lattice is stable and the phase shift between neighboring layers smoothly decreases with increase of velocity, starting from pi for a static lattice. At the critical velocity the lattice becomes unstable. At even higher velocity a regular lattice is restored again with the phase shift smaller than pi /2. With increase of velocity, the structure evolves towards a rectangular configuration. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Koshelev, AE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013; Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 48 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 174508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.174508 PG 20 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600079 ER PT J AU Lee, BJ Baskes, MI Kim, H Cho, YK AF Lee, BJ Baskes, MI Kim, H Cho, YK TI Second nearest-neighbor modified embedded atom method potentials for bcc transition metals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; SURFACE FREE-ENERGIES; MULTILAYER-RELAXATION; W(001) SURFACE; SILICON; LEED; RECONSTRUCTION; ELEMENTS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; ANISOTROPY AB The second nearest-neighbor modified embedded atom method (MEAM) [Phys. Rev. B 62, 8564 (2000)], developed in order to solve problems of the original first nearest-neighbor MEAM on bcc metals, has now been applied to all bcc transition metals, Fe, Cr, Mo, W, V, Nb, and Ta. The potential parameters could be determined empirically by fitting to (partial derivativeB/partial derivativeP), elastic constants, structural energy differences among bcc, fcc and hcp structures, vacancy-formation energy, and surface energy. Various physical properties of individual elements, including elastic constants, structural properties, point-defect properties, surface properties, and thermal properties were calculated and compared with experiments or high level calculations so that the reliability of the present empirical atomic-potential formalism can be evaluated, It is shown that the present potentials reasonably reproduce nonfitted properties of the bcc transition metals, as well as the fitted properties. The effect of the size of radial cutoff distance on the calculation and the compatibility with the original first nearest-neighbor MEAM that has been successful for fcc, hcp, and other structures are also discussed. C1 Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Mat Evaluat Ctr, Taejon 305600, South Korea. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct Properties Relat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Mat Evaluat Ctr, Yusong POB 102, Taejon 305600, South Korea. EM bjlee@kriss.re.kr; baskes@lanl.gov NR 46 TC 259 Z9 260 U1 8 U2 56 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 184102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.184102 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400030 ER PT J AU Lobad, AI Taylor, AJ AF Lobad, AI Taylor, AJ TI Coherent phonon generation mechanism in solids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DISPLACIVE EXCITATION; LIGHT-PULSES; THZ PHONONS; THIN-FILMS; LUMINESCENCE AB We investigate the driving force for coherent phonons by employing a nonlinear two-pump/probe technique. In accordance with the displacive excitation mechanism we demonstrate that the electronic excitation is the driving force for the coherent phonons in semimetals. This is accomplished by analyzing the relation between the nonlinearities in the electronic and phononic contributions. On the other hand, no dependence of the coherent phonon dynamics on the electronic excitation was observed in high temperature superconductors (HTSC), although displacive excitation has been invoked for these materials. We discuss the possible implications of this observation on the microscopic nature of the coherent phonons in the HTSC. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ttaylor@lanl.gov NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 180301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.180301 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400005 ER PT J AU Louca, D Egami, T Dmowski, W Mitchell, JF AF Louca, D Egami, T Dmowski, W Mitchell, JF TI Structural effect on colossal magnetoresistivity in manganites: Bond versus band SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERROMAGNETIC MANGANITES; LA1-XSRXMNO3; LA1-XCAXMNO3; RESISTIVITY; TRANSITION; LAMNO3 AB The atomic structure is an important component in the mechanism of the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) phenomenon mainly through the ionic size effect. In the current understanding, this factor controls the CMR phenomenon by changing the electron bandwidth. while the estimated changes in the bandwidth appear to be too small to be of significance. By way of the atomic pair distribution function analysis of pulsed neutron diffraction data of model compounds, we suggest that the principal effect of the ionic size is to change the polaron formation energy through the change in the local elastic response. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Res Struct Matter Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Louca, D (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 180403 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400008 ER PT J AU Nakamura, J Yamada, N Kuroki, K Callcott, TA Ederer, DL Denlinger, JD Perera, RCC AF Nakamura, J Yamada, N Kuroki, K Callcott, TA Ederer, DL Denlinger, JD Perera, RCC TI Soft x-ray spectroscopy experiments on the near K-edge of B in MB2 (M = Mg, Al, Ta, and Nb) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB Soft x-ray-absorption and emission measurements are performed for the K-edge of B in MB2 (M = Mg, Al, Ta, and Nb). Unique feature of MgB2 with a high density of the B 2p(xy)(sigma) state below and above the Fermi edge, which extends to 1 eV above the edge, is confirmed. In contrast, the B 2p density of states in AlB2 and TaB2, both of occupied and unoccupied states, decreased linearly towards the Fermi energy and showed a dip at the Fermi energy. Furthermore, there is a broadening of the peaks with p sigma character in x-ray emission spectra and x-ray-absorption sepctra of AlB2, which is due to the increase of three dimensionality in the p sigma band in AlB2. The density of states (DOS) of NbB2 has a dip just below the Fermi energy. The present results indicate that the large DOS of B-2p sigma states near the Fermi energy are crucial for the superconductivity of MgB2. C1 Univ Electrocommun, Dept Appl Phys & Chem, Chofu, Tokyo 1828585, Japan. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nakamura, J (reprint author), Univ Electrocommun, Dept Appl Phys & Chem, Chofu, Tokyo 1828585, Japan. NR 27 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 174504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.174504 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600075 ER PT J AU Nelson, CS von Zimmermann, M Kim, YJ Hill, JP Gibbs, D Kiryukhin, V Koo, TY Cheong, SW Casa, D Keimer, B Tomioka, Y Tokura, Y Gog, T Venkataraman, CT AF Nelson, CS von Zimmermann, M Kim, YJ Hill, JP Gibbs, D Kiryukhin, V Koo, TY Cheong, SW Casa, D Keimer, B Tomioka, Y Tokura, Y Gog, T Venkataraman, CT TI Correlated polarons in dissimilar perovskite manganites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COLOSSAL-MAGNETORESISTANCE; OXIDE LA0.7CA0.3MNO3; MAGNETIC ORDER; LA1-XCAXMNO3; CHARGE; PR1-XCAXMNO3; LA1-XSRXMNO3; COLLAPSE; STATE AB We report x-ray scattering studies of broad peaks located at (0.5 0 0)/(0 0.5 0)-type wave vectors in the paramagnetic insulating phases of La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 and Pr(0.)7Ca(0.3)MnO(3). We interpret the scattering in terms of correlated polarons and measure isotropic correlation lengths of 1-2 lattice constants in both samples. Remarkably, the size of these correlated polarons remains constant over the entire temperature range investigated. In La0.7Ca0.3MnO3, this range extends up to similar to 400 K. at which temperature the peaks are observed to disappear. Based on the wavevector, the correlated polarons are found to be consistent with a CE-type structure. Differences in behavior between the samples arise as they are cooled through their respective transition temperatures and become ferromagnetic metallic (La0.7Ca0.3MnO3) or charge and orbitally ordered insulating (Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3). Since the primary difference between the two samples is the trivalent cation size, these results illustrate the robust nature of the correlated polarons to variations in the relative strength of the electron-phonon coupling, in contrast to the sensitivity of the low-temperature ground state to such variations. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Joint Res Ctr Atom Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, CMC CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Nelson, CS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Hill, John/F-6549-2011; Kim, Young-June /G-7196-2011; Tokura, Yoshinori/C-7352-2009; Casa, Diego/F-9060-2016 OI Kim, Young-June /0000-0002-1172-8895; NR 34 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 174405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.174405 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600053 ER PT J AU Norman, MR Eschrig, M Kaminski, A Campuzano, JC AF Norman, MR Eschrig, M Kaminski, A Campuzano, JC TI Momentum distribution curves in the superconducting state SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; FERMI-SURFACE; LINE-SHAPE; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; DISPERSION; SCATTERING AB We demonstrate that the E vs k dispersion in the superconducting state extracted from momentum-distribution curves differs qualitatively from the traditional dispersion extracted from energy-distribution curves. This occurs because of a combination of many-body effects and the presence of an energy gap, along with the associated coherence factors. Analysis of such momentum-distribution-curve dispersions can give important information on the microscopics of high-temperature superconductors. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Norman, MR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Eschrig, Matthias/B-4786-2009; Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013 NR 18 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 184508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.184508 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400104 ER PT J AU Park, B Weber, WJ Corrales, LR AF Park, B Weber, WJ Corrales, LR TI Molecular-dynamics simulation study of threshold displacements and defect formation in zircon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER-SIMULATION; POINT-DEFECTS; CASCADES; CERAMICS; SILICON; POTENTIALS; PLUTONIUM; ENERGIES; SYSTEMS; ZRSIO4 AB The propensity of a primary-knock-on-atom (PKA) to produce defects in zircon is investigated by molecular-dynamics simulations. The dynamic behavior of highly directed collision sequences in each of the sublattices is examined for a range of energies up to 200 eV. The energy range is limited by the system size, which in turn is limited by the long-range interactions of the potential model. For the heavier ions, both homogeneous and heterogeneous collision sequences lead to the dissipation of large amounts of energy and to defect formation. There is a large range of energy before the first displacement event occurs, which is much larger for the cations than for the anion, where the energy is absorbed into the lattice without damage formation. Above the minimum threshold displacement energy there is another range of energy up to 200 eV for which formation damage is relatively constant. The limitations in the system size, and therefore on the PKA energies, does not allow for a thorough search of a second distinct displacement event in the same direction. In some cases, no damage occurs for energies up to 200 eV. The oxygen anions are seen to have a stronger response to the motion of the silicon cations as compared to the motion of the zirconium cation due to the stronger binding energy of Si with O. Consequently, silicon atoms maintain their tetrahedral coordination, whereas zirconium atoms can reduce their coordination number without a great loss of stability. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Corrales, LR (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rene.corrales@pnl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 NR 52 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 174108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.174108 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600038 ER PT J AU Prozorov, R Giannetta, RW Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC AF Prozorov, R Giannetta, RW Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC TI Energy gap and proximity effect in MgB2 superconducting wires SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB Measurements of the penetration depth lambda (T,H) in the presence of a dc magnetic field were performed in MgB2 wires. In as-prepared wires lambda (T,H < 130 Oe) shows a strong diamagnetic downturn below 10 K. A dc magnetic field of 130 Oe completely suppressed the downturn. The data are consistent with proximity coupling to a surface Mg layer left during synthesis. A theory for the proximity effect in the clean limit. together with an assumed distribution of the Mg layer thickness. qualitatively explains the field and temperature dependence of the data. Removal of the Mg by chemical etching results in an exponential temperature dependence for lambda (T) with an energy gap of 2 Delta (0)/T-c approximate to 1.54 [Delta (0) approximate to 2.61 meV], in close agreement with recent measurements on commercial powders and single crystals. This minimum gap is only 44% of the BCS weak coupling value. implying substantial anisotropy. C1 Univ Illinois, Loomis Lab Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Univ Illinois, Loomis Lab Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM prozorov@mailaps.org RI Prozorov, Ruslan/A-2487-2008; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Prozorov, Ruslan/0000-0002-8088-6096; NR 27 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 180501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.180501 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400015 ER PT J AU Ross, M Yang, LH AF Ross, M Yang, LH TI Computer simulations for shock-compressed liquid deuterium: Failure of density-functional theory and molecular dynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON CORRELATION; MEGABAR PRESSURES; SOLID HYDROGEN; EQUATION; STATE; GPA; METAL; TRANSITIONS; HUGONIOT; EXCHANGE AB We show that the disagreement of recent laser driven shock wave experiments for liquid deuterium with Hugoniots calculated with the generalized gradient approximation molecular dynamics (GGA-MD) method stems from the underestimate of the metalization density associated with density functional theory (DFT). This leads to an enhanced degree of thermally induced molecular dissociation with the result that computer simulations fail to achieve the compression observed experimentally. Scaling of the GGA-MD Hugoniot to hypothetical GW Hugoniot results, using the ratio of volumes at which the GW and DFT band gaps close, leads to a prediction in good agreement with experiment. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 174102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.174102 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600032 ER PT J AU Ruhlander, M Markos, P Soukoulis, CM AF Ruhlander, M Markos, P Soukoulis, CM TI Conductance fluctuations and boundary conditions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANDERSON TRANSITION; DISORDERED-SYSTEMS; MOBILITY EDGE; METALS AB The conductance fluctuations for various types for two- and three-dimensional disordered systems with hard wall and periodic boundary conditions are studied, all the way from the ballistic (metallic) regime to the localized regime. It is shown that the universal conductance fluctuations (UCF) depend on the boundary conditions. The same holds for the metal to insulator transition. The conditions for observing the UCF are also given. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Anat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Bratislava 84228, Slovakia. FORTH, Res Ctr Crete, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Ruhlander, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 172202 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600004 ER PT J AU Shen, KM Damascelli, A Lu, DH Armitage, NP Ronning, F Feng, DL Kim, C Shen, ZX Singh, DJ Mazin, II Nakatsuji, S Mao, ZQ Maeno, Y Kimura, T Tokura, Y AF Shen, KM Damascelli, A Lu, DH Armitage, NP Ronning, F Feng, DL Kim, C Shen, ZX Singh, DJ Mazin, II Nakatsuji, S Mao, ZQ Maeno, Y Kimura, T Tokura, Y TI Surface electronic structure of Sr2RuO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTOR SR2RUO4; LAYERED PEROVSKITE; FERMI-SURFACE; FERROMAGNETISM; TRIPLET AB We have addressed the possibility of surface ferromagnetism in Sr2RuO4 by investigating its surface electronic states by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). By cleaving samples under different conditions and using various photon energies, we have isolated the surface from the bulk states. A comparison with band structure calculations indicates that the ARPES data are most readily explained by a nonmagnetic root2 x root2 surface reconstruction. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. JST, CREST, Kawaguchi, Saitama 3320012, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. JRCAT, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050046, Japan. RP Shen, KM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Shen, Kyle/B-3693-2008; Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008; Tokura, Yoshinori/C-7352-2009; Singh, David/I-2416-2012; damascelli, andrea/P-6329-2014 OI damascelli, andrea/0000-0001-9895-2226 NR 17 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 180502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.180502 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400016 ER PT J AU Takesue, N Fujii, Y You, H AF Takesue, N Fujii, Y You, H TI X-ray diffuse scattering study on ionic-pair displacement correlations in relaxor lead magnesium niobate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANDIUM NIOBATE; FERROELECTRICS; PBMG1/3NB2/3O3; MAGNONIOBATE; DIFFRACTION; CRYSTALS; ORDER AB Ionic-pair equal-time displacement correlations in relaxor lead magnesium niobate, Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3, have been investigated at 300, 270, and 240 K in terms of an x-ray diffuse scattering technique. Functions of the distinct correlations have been determined quantitatively. The results show the significantly strong rhombohedral-polar correlations regarding Pb-O. Mg/Nb-O, and O-O' pairs. Their spatial distribution at 300 K forms an ellipse or a sphere with the diameters of 30-80 Angstrom, and the sizes are reduced to 30-40 Angstrom on cooling through local condensation of thermal lattice fluctuations. This observation of local structure in the system proves the presence of the polar microregions in the paraelectric state which leads to the dielectric dispersion. C1 Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Neutron Scattering Lab, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Takesue, N (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Neutron Scattering Lab, 106-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan. RI You, Hoydoo/A-6201-2011 OI You, Hoydoo/0000-0003-2996-9483 NR 20 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 184112 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.184112 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400040 ER PT J AU Wakimoto, S Tranquada, JM Ono, T Kojima, KM Uchida, S Lee, SH Gehring, PM Birgeneau, RJ AF Wakimoto, S Tranquada, JM Ono, T Kojima, KM Uchida, S Lee, SH Gehring, PM Birgeneau, RJ TI Diagonal static spin correlation in the low-temperature orthorhombic Pccn phase of La1.55Nd0.4Sr0.05CuO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; 2-DIMENSIONAL HUBBARD-MODEL; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; DOPED LA2-XSR(X)CUO4; LONG-RANGE; LA2-XSRXCUO4; LA2-XBAXCUO4; ORDER; TRANSITION; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM AB Elastic neutron-scattering measurements have been performed on La1.55Nd0.4Sr0.05CuO4, which exhibits a structural phase transition at T(s)similar to 60 K from the low-temperature orthorhombic Bmab phase (labeled LTO1) to the low-temperature orthorhombic Pccn phase (labeled LTO2). At low temperatures. well below T-s, elastic magnetic peaks are observed at the "diagonal" incommensurate (IC) positions (0.1 +/- 0.055,0), with the modulation direction only along the orthorhombic b axis, just as in Nd-free La1.95Sr0.05CuO4. In the present study. the one dimensionality of the IC modulation, which is naturally explained by a stripe model, is clearly demonstrated with our "single-domain" crystal. The temperature dependence of the IC peak intensity suggests a substantial contribution from the Nd3+ spins below similar to3 K. Consistent with this. the L dependence of the magnetic scattering is accurately accounted for by a model in which the contribution of the Nd3+ spins is explicitly included. C1 MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NCNR, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. MIT, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. RP Wakimoto, S (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. NR 34 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 174505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.174505 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600076 ER PT J AU Werner, R Klumper, A AF Werner, R Klumper, A TI Lineshapes of dynamical correlation functions in Heisenberg chains SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR INTERACTIONS; SPIN DYNAMICS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MAGNETIC-SUSCEPTIBILITY; LOGARITHMIC CORRECTIONS; LINEAR-CHAIN; CUGEO3; TEMPERATURE; SYSTEMS; FIELD AB We calculate lineshapes of correlation functions by use of complete diagonalization data of finite chains and analytical implications from conformal-field theory, density of states, and Bethe ansatz. The numerical data have different finite-size accuracy in the cases of the imaginary and real parts in the frequency and time representations of spin-correlation functions, respectively. The low-temperature, conformally invariant regime crosses over at T*approximate to0.7J to a diffusive regime that in turn connects continuously to the high-temperature, interacting-fermion regime. The first-moment sum rule is determined. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. RP Werner, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 174414 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600062 ER PT J AU Westfahl, H Schmalian, J Wolynes, PG AF Westfahl, H Schmalian, J Wolynes, PG TI Self-generated randomness, defect wandering, and viscous flow in stripe glasses SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID UNIFORMLY FRUSTRATED SYSTEM; AVOIDED CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; FIELD ISING-MODEL; SPIN-GLASS; PHASE-SEPARATION; TRANSITION; LA2-XSRXCUO4; DYNAMICS; ORDER; TEMPERATURE AB We show that the competition between interactions on different length scales, as relevant for the formation of stripes in doped Mott insulators, can cause a glass transition in a system with no explicitly quenched disorder. We analytically determine a universal criterion for the emergence of an exponentially large number of metastable configurations that leads to a finite configurational entropy and a landscape dominated viscous flow. We demonstrate that glassiness is unambiguously tied to a new length scale which characterizes the typical length over which defects and imperfections in the stripe pattern are allowed to wander over long times. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Westfahl, H (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Schmalian, Joerg/H-2313-2011 NR 57 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 17 AR 174203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.174203 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 490AV UT WOS:000172027600041 ER PT J AU Ye, ZG Noheda, B Dong, M Cox, D Shirane, G AF Ye, ZG Noheda, B Dong, M Cox, D Shirane, G TI Monoclinic phase in the relaxor-based piezoelectric/ferroelectric Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-PbTiO3 system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BOUNDARY; BEHAVIOR; GROWTH AB A ferroelectric monoclinic phase of space group Cm (M-A type) has been discovered in 0.65 Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-0.35 PbTiO3 by means of high-resolution synchrotron x-ray diffraction. It appears at room temperature in a single crystal previously poled under an electric field of 43 kV/cm applied along the pseudocubic [001] direction, in the region of the phase diagram around the morphotropic phase boundary between the rhombohedral (R3m) and the tetragonal (P4mm) phases. The monoclinic phase has lattice parameters a=5.692 Angstrom, b=5.679 Angstrom, c=4.050 Angstrom, and beta =90.15 degrees, with the b(m) axis oriented along the pseudocubic [110] direction. It is similar to the monoclinic phase observed in PbZr1-xTixO3, but different from that recently found in Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O-3-PbTiO3, which is of space group Pm (M-C type). C1 Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Chem, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ye, ZG (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Chem, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. NR 23 TC 266 Z9 270 U1 5 U2 53 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 18 AR 184114 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.184114 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 493TK UT WOS:000172239400042 ER PT J AU Bhattacharyya, P Daly, PJ Zhang, CT Grabowski, ZW Saha, SK Fornal, B Broda, R Urban, W Ahmad, I Seweryniak, D Wiedenhover, I Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Reiter, P Blomqvist, J AF Bhattacharyya, P Daly, PJ Zhang, CT Grabowski, ZW Saha, SK Fornal, B Broda, R Urban, W Ahmad, I Seweryniak, D Wiedenhover, I Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Reiter, P Blomqvist, J TI Yrast excitations in N=81 nuclei Sb-132 and Te-133 from Cm-248 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PRODUCT GAMMA-RAY; FISSION; PROTON; STATES; SN-132 AB Gamma rays in the Sb-132 and Te-133 N = 81 isotones near doubly magic Sn-132 have been studied at Gammasphere using a Cm-248 fission source. Previously unknown yrast cascades in the two nuclei were identified in cross coincidence with known gamma rays from complementary Rh and Ru fission fragments. The Sb-132 levels are explained as proton-neutron hole states as well as core excited states of 2p-2h character, while the interpretation of the Te-133 level scheme is mainly based on results of shell model calculations using empirical proton-proton interaction energies from Te-134 together with estimated proton-neutron hole interactions. C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Bhattacharyya, P (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 054312 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.054312 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000021 ER PT J AU Brodsky, SJ Hiller, JR Ji, CR Miller, GA AF Brodsky, SJ Hiller, JR Ji, CR Miller, GA TI Perturbative QCD and factorization of coherent pion photoproduction on the deuteron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-SCATTERING; CROSS-SECTION; FORM-FACTORS; PHOTODISINTEGRATION; ODDERON; HADRONS; Q2 AB We analyze the predictions of perturbative QCD for pion photoproduction on the deuteron gammaD-->pi D-o at large momentum transfer using the reduced amplitude formalism. The cluster decomposition of the deuteron wave function at small binding only allows the nuclear coherent process to proceed if each nucleon absorbs an equal fraction of the overall momentum transfer. Furthermore, each nucleon must scatter while remaining close to its mass shell. Thus the nuclear photoproduction amplitude M (gammaD-->pi oD)(u,t) factorizes as a product of three factors: (1) the nucleon photoproduction amplitude Mgamma N1-->pi oN1(u/4,t/4) at half of the overall momentum transfer, (2) a nucleon form factor F-N2 (t/4) at half the overall momentum transfer, and (3) the reduced deuteron form factor f(d)(t), which, according to perturbative QCD, has the same monopole falloff as a meson form factor. A comparison with the recent JLAB data for gammaD-->pi D-o of Meekins et al. [Phys. Rev. C 60, 052201 (1999)] and the available gammap ->pi (o)p shows good agreement between the perturbative QCD prediction and experiment over a large range of momentum transfers and center-of-mass angles. The reduced amplitude prediction is consistent with the constituent counting rule p(T)(11) MgammaD-->pi oD-->F(theta (c.m.)) at large momentum transfer. This is found to be consistent with measurements for photon lab energies E-lab>3 GeV at theta (c.m.) = 90 degrees and E-lab> 10 GeV at 136 degrees. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Brodsky, SJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RI Ji, Chueng/J-2623-2013 NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 055204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.055204 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000055 ER PT J AU Cassidy, DB Hunt, AW Asoka-Kumar, P Bhat, BV Cowan, TE Howell, RH Lynn, KG Mills, AP Palathingal, JC Golovchenko, JA AF Cassidy, DB Hunt, AW Asoka-Kumar, P Bhat, BV Cowan, TE Howell, RH Lynn, KG Mills, AP Palathingal, JC Golovchenko, JA TI Resonant versus nonresonant nuclear excitation of In-115 by positron annihilation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON ANNIHILATION AB We have measured the resonant cross section sigma (n), for nuclear excitation of In-115 via the radiationless annihilation of a positron with a K-shell electron using a monoenergetic positron beam and a thin In target. We find an upper limit on the resonant cross section sigma (n), <4.3 x 10(-26) cm(2) at a 99% confidence level, compared to the cross section (beta)= 1.7 x 10(-25) cm(2) determined by two previous measurements of nuclear excitation of In-115 using the broad spectrum of positrons from the beta decay of Cu-64. Together these results imply the existence of a hitherto unidentified nonresonant channel for nuclear excitation via energetic positrons. C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Washington State Univ, Ctr Mat Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sri JCBM Coll, Sringeri, Karnataka, India. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. RP Cassidy, DB (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM cassidy@physics.harvard.edu RI Cowan, Thomas/A-8713-2011; OI Cowan, Thomas/0000-0002-5845-000X; Cassidy, David/0000-0001-8332-5553 NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 054603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.054603 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000029 ER PT J AU Caurier, E Navratil, P Ormand, WE Vary, JP AF Caurier, E Navratil, P Ormand, WE Vary, JP TI Intruder states in Be-8 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; SHELL-MODEL CALCULATIONS; NEIGHBORING NUCLEI; OPERATOR APPROACH; LIGHT-NUCLEI; QUESTION; C-12 AB Low-lying intruder T=0 states in Be-8 have been posited and challenged. To address this issue, we performed ab initio shell model calculations in model spaces consisting of up to 10 (h) over bar Omega excitations above the unperturbed ground state with the basis state dimensions reaching 1.87x10(8). To gain predictive power we derive and use effective interactions from realistic nucleon-nucleon (NN) potentials in a way that guarantees convergence to the exact solution with increasing model space. Our 0 (h) over bar Omega dominated states show good stability when the model space size increases. At the same time, we observe a rapid drop in excitation energy of the 2 (h) over bar Omega dominated T=0 states. In the 10 (h) over bar Omega space the intruder 0(+) 0 state falls below 18 MeV of excitation and, also, below the lowest 0(+) 1 state. Our extrapolations suggest that this state may stabilize around 12 MeV. We hypothesize that these states might be the broad resonance intruder states needed in R-matrix analysis of alpha - alpha elastic scattering. In addition, we present our predictions for the A = 8 binding energies with the CD-Bonn NN potential. C1 Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Rech Subatom, F-67037 Strasbourg 2, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Rech Subatom, Batiment 27-1, F-67037 Strasbourg 2, France. NR 30 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 051301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.051301 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000001 ER PT J AU Dewald, A Kuhn, R Peusquens, R von Brentano, P Krucken, R Deleplanque, MA Lee, IY Clark, RM Fallon, P Macchiavelli, AO MacLeod, RW Stephens, FS Khoo, TL Reiter, P Hauschild, K AF Dewald, A Kuhn, R Peusquens, R von Brentano, P Krucken, R Deleplanque, MA Lee, IY Clark, RM Fallon, P Macchiavelli, AO MacLeod, RW Stephens, FS Khoo, TL Reiter, P Hauschild, K TI Investigation of the decay out of superdeformed bands in Hg-194 by lifetime measurements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-STEP LINKS; LOW-SPIN STATES; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; CURVE METHOD; PB-194; NUCLEI; MOMENTS; ND-133; PARITY AB The lifetimes of low-lying states in the superdeformed (SD) bands of Hg-194 were measured by means of the recoil distance method using Gammasphere and the Cologne plunger device. The deduced transitional quadrupole moments in all three bands were found to be constant within the experimental uncertainties and equal those extracted from Doppler-shift attenuation method measurements for the higher-lying states, confirming that the decay out does not strongly affect the structure of the SD bands. The experimental findings are used to discuss the different mechanisms proposed for the decay out of SD bands. C1 Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphys, D-5000 Cologne, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Yale Univ, AW Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Dewald, A (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphys, D-5000 Cologne, Germany. RI Hauschild, Karl/A-6726-2009; Dewald, Alfred/O-5810-2015; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 NR 46 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 054309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.054309 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000018 ER PT J AU Ent, R Filippone, BW Makins, NCR Milner, RG O'Neill, TG Wasson, DA AF Ent, R Filippone, BW Makins, NCR Milner, RG O'Neill, TG Wasson, DA TI Radiative corrections for (e,e ' p) reactions at GeV energies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; NUCLEAR TRANSPARENCY; ELECTRON-SCATTERING; MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; (GEV/C)(2); DEPENDENCE; Q(2)=1.75; PROTON; TAIL AB \A general framework for applying radiative corrections to (e,e'p) coincidence reactions at GeV energies is presented, with special emphasis to hi.-her-order bremsstrahlung effects, radiation from the scattered hadron, and the validity of peaking approximations. The sensitivity to the assumptions made in practically applying radiative corrections to (e,e'p) data is extensively discussed. The general framework is tested against experimental data of the H-1(e,e'p) reaction at momentum transfer values larger than 1.0 (GeV/c)(2), where radiative processes become a dominant source of uncertainty. The formulas presented here can easily be modified for any other electron-induced coincidence reaction. C1 MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. CALTECH, WK Kellogg Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Ent, R (reprint author), MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 25 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 054610 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.054610 PG 23 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000036 ER PT J AU Iwata, Y Murakami, T Sato, H Iwase, H Nakamura, T Kurosawa, T Heilbronn, L Ronningen, RM Ieki, K Tozawa, Y Niita, K AF Iwata, Y Murakami, T Sato, H Iwase, H Nakamura, T Kurosawa, T Heilbronn, L Ronningen, RM Ieki, K Tozawa, Y Niita, K TI Double-differential cross sections for the neutron production from heavy-ion reactions at energies E/A=290-600 MeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; MEV-NUCLEON; NEON IONS; COLLISIONS; CARBON; MEV/NUCLEON; YIELDS; DEPENDENCE; FRAGMENTS; ALUMINUM AB We have measured the double-differential cross sections for neutron production from C, Ne, and Ar projectiles at E/A = 290-600 MeV on C, Cu, and Pb targets. Neutron energies were measured at laboratory angles between 5 degrees and 80 degrees. The measured neutron spectra have three components. At forward angles, a prominent peak originating from the projectile-fragmentation process was observed. The velocity of neutrons corresponding to the peak was about the same as that of the projectile. In addition to the peak, two components of Maxwellian-shape distributions corresponding to the preequilibrium and equilibrium processes were observed. By fitting with a moving-source model having three components, the neutron spectra were fairly well described. The parameters obtained for each component are consistent with a picture of the projectile fragmentation, preequilibrium, and equilibrium processes. By integrating the fitted functions with respect to the neutron energies and solid angles, the angular distributions and total cross sections for the neutron production were determined. The neutron spectra, angular distributions, and total cross sections were compared with those calculated by the quantum molecular dynamics and heavy-ion codes. We found that neither of the codes could reproduce the measured cross sections for all combinations of the projectiles and targets. C1 NIRS, Dept Accelerator Phys & Engn, Inage Ku, Chiba 2638555, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Ctr Cyclotron & Radioisotope, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Rikkyo Univ, Dept Phys, Toshima Ku, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. Res Org Informat Sci & Technol, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. RP NIRS, Dept Accelerator Phys & Engn, Inage Ku, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Chiba 2638555, Japan. EM y_jwata@nirs.go.jp RI Heilbronn, Lawrence/J-6998-2013 OI Heilbronn, Lawrence/0000-0002-8226-1057 NR 25 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 054609 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.054609 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000035 ER PT J AU Lukashin, K Smith, ES Adams, GS Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Ball, J Barrow, S Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bektasoglu, M Bertozzi, W Bianchi, N Biselli, A Boiarinov, S Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Branford, D Briscoe, WJ Brooks, WK Burkert, VD Calarco, JR Carman, DS Carnahan, B Cicaini, L Clark, R Cole, PL Coleman, A Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, J Degtiarenko, PV Dennis, LC De Sanctis, E DeVita, R Dhuga, KS Djalali, C Dodge, GE Domingo, J Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dytman, S Eckhause, M Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Elouadrhiri, L Empl, A Fatemi, R Feurerbach, RJ Ficenec, J Fissum, K Forest, TA Freyberger, A Funsten, H Gaff, S Gai, M Gavalian, G Gilad, S Gilfoyle, G Giovanetti, K Girard, P Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guillo, M Gyurjyan, V Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hicks, RS Holtrop, M Hu, J Hyde-Wright, CE Ito, MM Jenkins, D Joo, K Kelley, J Khandaker, M Kim, K Kim, KY Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klusman, M Kossov, M Kramer, LH Kuhn, SE Laget, JM Lawrence, D Longhi, A Manak, JJ Marchand, C McAleer, S McCarthy, J McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mihailov, K Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Muccifora, V Mueller, J Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Nelson, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niczyporuk, BB Niyazov, RA Opper, A O'Rielly, G O'Brien, JT Park, K Paschek, K Pasyuk, E Peterson, GA Philips, S Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Qin, LM Raue, BA Reolon, AR Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Sabourov, K Salgado, CW Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, V Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Simionatto, S Skabelin, A Smith, LC Sober, DI Stavinsky, A Stepanyan, S Stoler, P Strakovsky, II Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, D Thompson, R Vineyard, MF Vlassov, A Wang, W Weller, H Weinstein, LB Welsh, R Weygand, DP Whisnant, S Wolin, E Yanik, L Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zhao, J Zhang, B Zhou, Z AF Lukashin, K Smith, ES Adams, GS Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Ball, J Barrow, S Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bektasoglu, M Bertozzi, W Bianchi, N Biselli, A Boiarinov, S Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Branford, D Briscoe, WJ Brooks, WK Burkert, VD Calarco, JR Carman, DS Carnahan, B Cicaini, L Clark, R Cole, PL Coleman, A Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, J Degtiarenko, PV Dennis, LC De Sanctis, E DeVita, R Dhuga, KS Djalali, C Dodge, GE Domingo, J Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dytman, S Eckhause, M Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Elouadrhiri, L Empl, A Fatemi, R Feurerbach, RJ Ficenec, J Fissum, K Forest, TA Freyberger, A Funsten, H Gaff, S Gai, M Gavalian, G Gilad, S Gilfoyle, G Giovanetti, K Girard, P Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guillo, M Gyurjyan, V Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hicks, RS Holtrop, M Hu, J Hyde-Wright, CE Ito, MM Jenkins, D Joo, K Kelley, J Khandaker, M Kim, K Kim, KY Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klusman, M Kossov, M Kramer, LH Kuhn, SE Laget, JM Lawrence, D Longhi, A Manak, JJ Marchand, C McAleer, S McCarthy, J McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mihailov, K Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Muccifora, V Mueller, J Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Nelson, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niczyporuk, BB Niyazov, RA Opper, A O'Rielly, G O'Brien, JT Park, K Paschek, K Pasyuk, E Peterson, GA Philips, S Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Qin, LM Raue, BA Reolon, AR Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Sabourov, K Salgado, CW Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, V Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Simionatto, S Skabelin, A Smith, LC Sober, DI Stavinsky, A Stepanyan, S Stoler, P Strakovsky, II Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, D Thompson, R Vineyard, MF Vlassov, A Wang, W Weller, H Weinstein, LB Welsh, R Weygand, DP Whisnant, S Wolin, E Yanik, L Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zhao, J Zhang, B Zhou, Z CA CLAS Collaboration TI Exclusive electroproduction of phi mesons at 4.2 GeV (vol 63, art. no. 065205, 2001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Correction ID LARGE MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; VECTOR-MESONS; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; PHOTOPRODUCTION; HERA; DEEP; RHO(0); PROTON; SYSTEM; CLAS AB We studied the exclusive reaction ep-->e'p'phi using the phi-->K+K- decay mode. The data were collected using a 4.2 GeV incident electron beam and the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. Our experiment covers the range in Q(2) from 0.7 to 2.2 GeV2, and W from 2.0 to 2.6 GeV. Taken together with all previous data, we find a consistent picture of phi production on the proton. Our measurement shows the expected decrease of the t slope with the vector-meson formation time c Delta tau below 2 fm. At (c Delta tau) = 0.6 fm, we measure b phi = 2.27 +/- 0.42 GeV-2. The cross section dependence on W as W0.2+/-0.1 at Q(2) = 1.3 GeV2 was determined by comparison with phi production at HERA after correcting for threshold effects. This is the same dependence as observed in photoproduction. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, SPhN, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Florida Int Univ, Dept Phys, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, RU-117259 Moscow, Russia. James Madison Univ, Dept Phys, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Bates Linear Accelerator, Middleton, MA 01949 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. Ohio Univ, Dept Phys, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Inst Phys Nucl, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Troy, NY 12181 USA. Rice Univ, TW Bonner Nucl Lab, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Richmond, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Lukashin, K (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RI Bektasoglu, Mehmet/A-2074-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Auger, Thierry/L-1073-2013; Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015 OI Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975 NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 059901 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000076 ER PT J AU Luo, YX Rasmussen, JO Ramayya, AV Hamilton, JH Zhang, XQ Hwang, JK Beyer, CJ Kormicki, J Ter-Akopian, GM Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Gregorich, KE Ginter, TN Zielinski, P Folden, CM Lee, IY Fallon, P Macchiavelli, A Donangelo, R Stoyer, MA Asztalos, S Wu, SC AF Luo, YX Rasmussen, JO Ramayya, AV Hamilton, JH Zhang, XQ Hwang, JK Beyer, CJ Kormicki, J Ter-Akopian, GM Oganessian, YT Daniel, AV Gregorich, KE Ginter, TN Zielinski, P Folden, CM Lee, IY Fallon, P Macchiavelli, A Donangelo, R Stoyer, MA Asztalos, S Wu, SC TI Fission gamma spectra and levels in Ba-139 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEI; CF-252 AB Analysis of Cf-252 recent spontaneous-fission gamma data from Gammasphere has enabled the discovery of transitions in Ba-139 in coincidence with those of its Molybdenum fission partner. A new level scheme going up to approximate to5 Mev includes 11 new transitions and 10 new levels. We make analogies with the 83-neutron isotone Te-135 and discuss possible configurations in the spherical single-particle shell model. We suggest a band as a possible magnetic rotation band of the type treated by tilted-axis cranking theory. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. CAS, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21945970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan. RP Luo, YX (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RI Folden, Charles/F-1033-2015 OI Folden, Charles/0000-0002-2814-3762 NR 11 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 054306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.054306 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000015 ER PT J AU Oganessian, YT Utyonkov, VK Lobanov, YV Abdullin, FS Polyakov, AN Shirokovsky, IV Tsyganov, YS Mezentsev, AN Iliev, S Subbotin, VG Sukhov, AM Subotic, K Ivanov, OV Voinov, AN Zagrebaev, VI Moody, KJ Wild, JF Stoyer, NJ Stoyer, MA Lougheed, RW AF Oganessian, YT Utyonkov, VK Lobanov, YV Abdullin, FS Polyakov, AN Shirokovsky, IV Tsyganov, YS Mezentsev, AN Iliev, S Subbotin, VG Sukhov, AM Subotic, K Ivanov, OV Voinov, AN Zagrebaev, VI Moody, KJ Wild, JF Stoyer, NJ Stoyer, MA Lougheed, RW TI Measurements of cross sections for the fusion-evaporation reactions Pb-204,Pb-206,Pb-207,Pb-208+Ca-48 and Pb-207+S-34: Decay properties of the even-even nuclides Cf-238 and No-250 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS-FISSION; SUPERHEAVY NUCLEI; CA-48+PU-244 REACTION; RESIDUES; BARRIER; STABILITY; PB-206; CA-48; MASS; IONS AB In preparation for recent experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei with Z=114 in the reaction Pu-244+Ca-48, we modified the Dubna gas-filled recoil separator and its detection system and carried out bombardments of lead targets with Ca-48 projectiles. We studied excitation functions of the reactions Pb-206 (Ca-48, 1-4n) and Pb-204,Pb-207,Pb-208(Ca-48,2n). Maximum cross sections for the evaporation of 1-4 neutrons in the complete fusion reaction Pb-206 + Ca-48 were measured to be sigma (1n) = 60 nb, sigma (2n) = 500 nb, sigma (3n) = 30 nb, and sigma (4n) = 0.3 nb. In the bombardment of an enriched Pb-204 target, we simultaneously obtained excitation functions of the Pb-204,Pb-206,Pb-207,Pb-208 (Ca-48,2n) reactions induced on the isotopic admixtures present in the target material. The maximum cross sections for the evaporation of two neutrons from the compound nuclei No-256, No-255, and No-252 were measured to be 2.1 mub, 1.3 mub, and 10 nb, respectively. The spontaneously fissioning even-even isotope No-250, with a half-life T-1/2= 36 mus, was identified for the first time in this experiment. In the reaction (207P)b + S-34, we measured the excitation function for the production of the 21-ms spontaneously fissioning isotope Cf-238, confirming our preliminary identification of this nuclide based on the results of cross bombardments. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Oganessian, YT (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. NR 48 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 054606 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.054606 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000032 ER PT J AU Scharenberg, RP Srivastava, BK Albergo, S Bieser, F Brady, FP Caccia, Z Cebra, DA Chacon, AD Chance, JL Choi, Y Costa, S Elliott, JB Gilkes, ML Hauger, JA Hirsch, AS Hjort, EL Insolia, A Justice, M Keane, D Kintner, JC Lindenstruth, V Lisa, MA Matis, HS McMahan, M McParland, C Muller, WFJ Olson, DL Partlan, MD Porile, NT Potenza, R Rai, G Rasmussen, J Ritter, HG Romanski, J Romero, JL Russo, GV Sann, H Scott, A Shao, Y Symons, TJM Tincknell, M Tuve, C Wang, S Warren, P Wieman, HH Wienold, T Wolf, K AF Scharenberg, RP Srivastava, BK Albergo, S Bieser, F Brady, FP Caccia, Z Cebra, DA Chacon, AD Chance, JL Choi, Y Costa, S Elliott, JB Gilkes, ML Hauger, JA Hirsch, AS Hjort, EL Insolia, A Justice, M Keane, D Kintner, JC Lindenstruth, V Lisa, MA Matis, HS McMahan, M McParland, C Muller, WFJ Olson, DL Partlan, MD Porile, NT Potenza, R Rai, G Rasmussen, J Ritter, HG Romanski, J Romero, JL Russo, GV Sann, H Scott, A Shao, Y Symons, TJM Tincknell, M Tuve, C Wang, S Warren, P Wieman, HH Wienold, T Wolf, K CA EOS Collaboration TI Comparison of 1A GeV Au-197+C data with thermodynamics: The nature of the phase transition in nuclear multifragmentation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SMALL PERCOLATION LATTICES; CENTRAL AU+AU COLLISIONS; ISOTOPE YIELD RATIOS; HEAVY-ION REACTIONS; STATISTICAL MULTIFRAGMENTATION; TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS; CRITICAL EXPONENTS; CALORIC CURVE; GOLD NUCLEI; FRAGMENT PRODUCTION AB Multifragmentation MF results from 1A GeV Au on C have been compared with the Copenhagen statistical multifragmentation model (SMM). The complete charge, mass, and momentum reconstruction of the Au projectile was used to identify high momentum ejectiles leaving an excited remnant of mass A, charge Z, and excitation energy E* which subsequently multifragments. Measurement of the magnitude and multiplicity (energy) dependence of the initial free volume and the breakup volume determines the variable volume parametrization of SMM. Very good agreement is obtained using SMM with the standard values of the SMM parameters. A large number of observables, including the fragment charge yield distributions, fragment multiplicity distributions, caloric curve, critical exponents, and the critical scaling function are explored in this comparison. The two stage structure of SMM is used to determine the effect of cooling of the primary hot fragments. Average fragment yields with Z greater than or equal to3 are essentially unaffected when the excitation energy is less than or equal to7 MeV/nucleon. SMM studies suggest that the experimental critical exponents are largely unaffected by cooling and event mixing. The nature of the phase transition in SMM is studied as a function of the remnant mass and charge using the microcanonical equation of state. For light remnants A less than or equal to 100, backbending is observed indicating negative specific heat, while for A less than or equal to 170 the effective latent heat approaches zero. Thus for heavier systems this transition can be identified as a continuous thermal phase transition where a large nucleus breaks up into a number of smaller nuclei with only a minimal release of constituent nucleons. Z less than or equal to2 particles are primarily emitted in the initial collision and after MF in the fragment deexcitation process. C1 Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. GSI Darmstadt, D-64220 Darmstadt, Germany. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Insolia, Antonio/M-3447-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015 OI Insolia, Antonio/0000-0002-9040-1566; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153 NR 82 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 054602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.054602 PG 19 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000028 ER PT J AU Shestakova, I Mukherjee, G Chowdhury, P D'Alarcao, R Pearson, CJ Podolyak, Z Walker, PM Wheldon, C Cullen, DM Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Wiedenhoever, I AF Shestakova, I Mukherjee, G Chowdhury, P D'Alarcao, R Pearson, CJ Podolyak, Z Walker, PM Wheldon, C Cullen, DM Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Wiedenhoever, I TI Yrast three-quasiparticle K isomers in neutron-rich Hf-181 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUASI-PARTICLE STATES; NUCLEI; TRAPS AB New high-K orbitals have been identified in the neutron-rich Hf-181 nucleus via one-neutron transfer from a pulsed U-238 beam onto a stable Hf-180 target. Yrast three-quasiparticle high-K isomers, with half-lives as long as 1.5 ms, have been populated. The decay scheme of Hf-181 has been extended to (25/2(-)). Blocked BCS calculations, including residual interactions, compare well with the experimental results. C1 Univ Lowell, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7HX, Surrey, England. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shestakova, I (reprint author), Univ Lowell, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RI Wheldon, Carl/F-9203-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 054307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.054307 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000016 ER PT J AU Starostin, A Nefkens, BMK Berger, E Clajus, M Marusic, A McDonald, S Phaisangittisakul, N Prakhov, S Price, JW Pulver, M Tippens, WB Wong, CW Isenhower, D Sadler, M Allgower, CE Spinka, H Comfort, JR Craig, K Ramirez, AF Briscoe, WJ Shafi, A Manley, DM Olmsted, J Staudenmaier, HM Peaslee, D Bekrenev, V Koulbardis, A Kozlenko, N Kruglov, S Lopatin, I Knecht, N Lolos, G Papandreou, Z Supek, I Grosnick, D Koetke, D Manweiler, R Stanislaus, S AF Starostin, A Nefkens, BMK Berger, E Clajus, M Marusic, A McDonald, S Phaisangittisakul, N Prakhov, S Price, JW Pulver, M Tippens, WB Wong, CW Isenhower, D Sadler, M Allgower, CE Spinka, H Comfort, JR Craig, K Ramirez, AF Briscoe, WJ Shafi, A Manley, DM Olmsted, J Staudenmaier, HM Peaslee, D Bekrenev, V Koulbardis, A Kozlenko, N Kruglov, S Lopatin, I Knecht, N Lolos, G Papandreou, Z Supek, I Grosnick, D Koetke, D Manweiler, R Stanislaus, S CA Crystal Ball Collaboration TI Measurement of K(-)p ->eta Lambda near threshold SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL BALL DETECTOR; CHARGE-SYMMETRY; ETA; MESONS; RESONANCE; PHYSICS AB We present measurements of the differential and total cross sections and the Lambda polarization for the reaction K(-)p --> eta Lambda from threshold to PK- = 770 MeV/c, with much better precision than previous measurements. Our cross-section data show a remarkable similarity to the SU(3) flavor-related pi (-) p -->etan cross-section results. The reaction K(-)p --> eta Lambda at threshold is dominated by formation of the intermediate Lambda (1670) 1/2(-) state. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, RU-188350 Gatchina, Russia. Univ Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 1000, Croatia. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. RP Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 20 TC 149 Z9 150 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 055205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.055205 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000056 ER PT J AU Tavukcu, E Bernstein, LA Hauschild, K Becker, JA Garrett, PE McGrath, CA McNabb, DP Younes, W Chadwick, MB Nelson, RO Johns, GD Mitchell, GE AF Tavukcu, E Bernstein, LA Hauschild, K Becker, JA Garrett, PE McGrath, CA McNabb, DP Younes, W Chadwick, MB Nelson, RO Johns, GD Mitchell, GE TI Pt-196(n,x n yp gamma) reactions using spallation neutrons from E-n=1 to 250 MeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-REACTIONS; MODEL; ENERGIES AB Neutron-induced reactions on Pt-196 were studied over the neutron energy range from 1 to 250 MeV. A "white" neutron beam was provided by the spallation neutron source of the Weapons Neutron Research facility at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. The prompt reaction gamma rays were measured with the large-scale Compton-suppressed Ge spectrometer GEANIE. The incident neutron energy was determined by the time-of-flight technique. Excitation functions for gamma -ray transitions in Pt-184,Pt-186,Pt-188,Pt-190-196 and Ir-189,Ir-191,Ir-193 isotopes are compared with enhanced Hauser-Feshbach reaction modeling, as implemented in the reaction code GNASH. Overall, the model predictions agree well with the measured gamma -ray yields. Discrepancies appear, however, due to inadequate discrete-level information in the calculations describing the preequilibrium process. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tavukcu, E (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Hauschild, Karl/A-6726-2009; McGrath, Christopher/E-8995-2013 NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 054614 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.054614 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000040 ER PT J AU Younes, W Becker, JA Bernstein, LA Garrett, PE McGrath, CA McNabb, DP Nelson, RO Johns, GD Wilburn, WS Drake, DM AF Younes, W Becker, JA Bernstein, LA Garrett, PE McGrath, CA McNabb, DP Nelson, RO Johns, GD Wilburn, WS Drake, DM TI Transition from asymmetric to symmetric fission in the U-235(n,f) reaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-CHARGE DISTRIBUTION; NEUTRON-INDUCED FISSION; CF-252; SYSTEMATICS; FRAGMENTS; EMISSION; YIELDS AB Prompt gamma rays from the neutron-induced fission of U-235 have been studied using the GEANIE spectrometer situated at the LANSCE/WNR "white" neutron facility. Transitions characteristic of specific fission fragments were identified using a combination of single-fold and coincidence gamma -ray analysis. Gamma-ray production cross sections were obtained as a function of incident neutron energy using the time-of-flight technique. Yields were extracted for 206 gamma rays produced by 56 distinct fission fragments for 1 less than or equal toE(n)(MeV)less than or equal to 250. Fission-channel cross sections were deduced for a subset of 22 even-even fragments, where the measured gamma -ray yields represent a large fraction of the full de-excitation strength of the fragment. Independent yields were deduced from these cross sections and fitted with standard formulations of the fragment charge and mass distributions. The results were used to study the transition from asymmetric to symmetric fission as a function of internal excitation energy of the fissioning system. This transition is interpreted in the context of the disappearance of shell structure at high excitation energies. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Younes, W (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM younes@llnl.gov RI McGrath, Christopher/E-8995-2013 NR 53 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 054613 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.054613 PG 22 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 490WQ UT WOS:000172077000039 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Bos, K Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cochran, J Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Davis, GA Davis, K De, K de Jong, SJ Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Di Loreto, G Doulas, S Draper, P Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Frame, KC Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Graham, G Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Heuring, T Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, Y Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Ke, Z Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kim, SK Klima, B Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Li, J Li, QZ Li, X Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Martin, RD Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Neal, HA Negret, JP Negroni, S Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Pan, LJ Papageorgiou, K Para, A Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Patwa, A Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramberg, E Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Roco, M Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Sen, N Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM van Gemmeren, P Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Vertogradov, LS Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wightman, JA Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Z Zanabria, M Zheng, H Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Bos, K Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cochran, J Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Davis, GA Davis, K De, K de Jong, SJ Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Di Loreto, G Doulas, S Draper, P Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Frame, KC Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Graham, G Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Heuring, T Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, Y Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Ke, Z Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kim, SK Klima, B Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Li, J Li, QZ Li, X Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Martin, RD Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Neal, HA Negret, JP Negroni, S Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Pan, LJ Papageorgiou, K Para, A Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Patwa, A Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramberg, E Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Roco, M Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Sen, N Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM van Gemmeren, P Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Vertogradov, LS Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wightman, JA Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Z Zanabria, M Zheng, H Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA DO Collaboration TI Search for first-generation scalar and vector leptoquarks SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION; LEPTON FLAVOR VIOLATION; TOP-QUARK MASS; PAIR PRODUCTION; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; HERA; DETECTOR; JETS; COLLABORATION AB We describe a search for the pair production of first-generation scalar and vector leptoquarks in the eejj and evjj channels by the DO Collaboration. The data are from the 1992-1996 p (p) over bar run at roots = 1.8 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. We find no evidence for leptoquark production: in addition. no kinematically interesting events are observed using relaxed selection criteria. The results from the eejj and evjj channels are combined with those from a previous DO analysis of the vvjj channel to obtain 95% confidence level (C.L.) upper limits on the leptoquark pair-production cross section as a function of mass and of beta. the branching fraction to a charged lepton. These limits are compared to next-to-leading-order theory to set 95% C.L. lower limits on the mass of a first-generation scalar leptoquark of 225, 204, and 79 GeV/c(2) for beta = 1. 1/2. and 0, respectively. For vector leptoquarks with gauge (Yang-Mills) couplings, 95% C.L. lower limits of 345. 337, and 206 GeV/c(2) are set on the mass for beta = 1, 1/2, and 0. respectively. Mass limits for vector leptoquarks are also set for anomalous vector couplings. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Ctr Particle Phys, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Grenoble 1, IN2P3, CNRS, Inst Sci Nucl, Grenoble, France. Univ Mediterranee, IN2P3, CNRS, CPPM, Marseille, France. CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, IN2P3, CNRS, Paris, France. CEA, DAPNIA, Serv Phys Particules, Saclay, France. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, India. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. NIKHEF, FOM Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013 OI Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489 NR 47 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 092004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.092004 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100006 ER PT J AU Affolder, T Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amaral, P Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Bailey, S de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Blusk, SR Bocci, A Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Brandl, A van den Brink, S Bromberg, C Brozovic, M Brubaker, E Bruner, N Buckley-Geer, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlson, J Carlsmith, D Caskey, W Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chan, AW Chang, PS Chang, PT Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Connolly, A Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Cropp, R Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S Done, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Engels, E Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, HJ Fukui, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Gallas, A Gallinaro, M Gao, T Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gatti, P Gay, C Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldstein, J Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Green, C Grim, G Gris, P Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Haas, RM Haber, C Hahn, SR Hall, C Handa, T Handler, R Hao, W Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Heiss, A Herndon, M Hill, C Hoffman, KD Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jones, M Joshi, U Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Lee, AM Lee, K Leone, S Lewis, JD Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lobban, O Lockyer, N Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Mariotti, M Martignon, G Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mayer, J Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P McKigney, E Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Moggi, N Moore, E Moore, R Morita, Y Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Partos, D Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pescara, L Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Popovic, M Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Reher, D Reichold, A Ribon, A Riegler, W Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Robertson, WJ Robinson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Roy, A Ruiz, A Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Savard, P Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Solodsky, A Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tecchio, M Tesarek, R Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thompson, AS Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonelli, D Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Turini, N Ukegawa, F Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wallace, NB Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, T Webb, R Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yao, W Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S AF Affolder, T Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amaral, P Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Bailey, S de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Blusk, SR Bocci, A Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Brandl, A van den Brink, S Bromberg, C Brozovic, M Brubaker, E Bruner, N Buckley-Geer, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlson, J Carlsmith, D Caskey, W Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chan, AW Chang, PS Chang, PT Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Connolly, A Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Cropp, R Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S Done, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Engels, E Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, HJ Fukui, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Gallas, A Gallinaro, M Gao, T Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gatti, P Gay, C Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldstein, J Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Green, C Grim, G Gris, P Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Haas, RM Haber, C Hahn, SR Hall, C Handa, T Handler, R Hao, W Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Heiss, A Herndon, M Hill, C Hoffman, KD Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jones, M Joshi, U Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Lee, AM Lee, K Leone, S Lewis, JD Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lobban, O Lockyer, N Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Mariotti, M Martignon, G Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mayer, J Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P McKigney, E Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Moggi, N Moore, E Moore, R Morita, Y Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Partos, D Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pescara, L Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Popovic, M Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Reher, D Reichold, A Ribon, A Riegler, W Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Robertson, WJ Robinson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Roy, A Ruiz, A Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Savard, P Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Solodsky, A Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tecchio, M Tesarek, R Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thompson, AS Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonelli, D Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Turini, N Ukegawa, F Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wallace, NB Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, T Webb, R Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yao, W Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaborat TI Search for narrow diphoton resonances and for gamma gamma+W/Z signatures in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PHOTON CROSS-SECTION; HIGGS BOSONS; SUPERLIGHT GRAVITINO; E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS; MASSIVE SGOLDSTINOS; FERMILAB TEVATRON; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; HADRON COLLIDERS; CHIRAL SCALAR; ROOT-S AB We present results of searches for diphoton resonances produced both inclusively and also in association with a vector boson (W or Z) using 100 pb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions using the CDF detector. We set upper limits on the product of cross section times branching ratio for both p (p) over bar --> gamma gamma +X and p (p) over bar --> gamma gamma+ W/Z. Comparing the inclusive production to the expectations from heavy sgoldstinos we derive limits on the supersymmetry-breaking scale rootF in the TeV range, depending on the sgoldstino mass and the choice of other parameters. Also. using a NLO prediction for the associated production of a Higgs boson with a W or Z boson, we set an upper limit on the branching ratio for H --> gamma gamma. Finally, we set a lower limit on the mass of a "bosophilic" Higgs boson (e.g., one which couples only to gamma, W, and Z bosons with standard model couplings) of 82 GeV/c(2) at 95% confidence level. C1 Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. High Energyn Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Toronto, Inst Particle Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Trieste Udine, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Affolder, T (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015 OI Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133 NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 092002 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100004 ER PT J AU Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Amarian, M Aschenauer, EC Avakian, H Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bailey, P Bains, B Baturin, V Baumgarten, C Beckmann, M Belostotski, S Bernreuther, S Bianchi, N Bottcher, H Borissov, A Bouhali, O Bouwhuis, M Brack, J Brauksiepe, S Bruckner, W Brull, A Brunn, I Bulten, HJ Capitani, GP Chumney, P Cisbani, E Ciullo, G Court, GR Dalpiaz, PF De Leo, R De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E De Schepper, D Devitsin, E Huberts, PKAD Di Nezza, P Djordjadze, V Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Ely, J Fantoni, A Fechtchenko, A Felawka, L Filippone, BW Fischer, H Fox, B Franz, J Frullani, S Garber, Y Garibaldi, F Garutti, E Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Golendukhin, A Graw, G Grebeniouk, O Green, PW Greeniaus, LG Gute, A Haeberli, W Hafidi, K Hartig, M Hasch, D Heesbeen, D Heinsius, FH Henoch, M Hertenberger, R Hesselink, WHA Hofman, G Holler, Y Holt, RJ Hommez, B Iarygin, G Izotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Jung, P Kaiser, R Kanesaka, J Kinney, E Kisselev, A Kitching, P Kobayashi, H Koch, N Konigsmann, K Kolster, H Korotkov, V Kotik, E Kozlov, V Krauss, B Krivokhijine, VG Kyle, G Lagamba, L Laziev, A Lenisa, P Liebing, P Lindemann, T Lorenzon, W Maas, A Makins, NCR Marukyan, H Masoli, F McAndrew, M McIlhany, K Meissner, F Menden, F Meyners, N Mikloukho, O Miller, CA Milner, R Muccifora, V Mussa, R Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Nass, A Negodaeva, K Nowak, WD Oganessyan, K O'Neill, TG Owen, BR Pate, SF Potashov, S Potterveld, DH Raithel, M Rakness, G Rappoport, V Redwine, R Reggiani, D Reolon, AR Rith, K Robinson, D Rostomyan, A Ruh, M Ryckbosch, D Sakemi, Y Sanjiev, I Sato, F Savin, I Scarlett, C Schafer, A Schill, C Schmidt, F Schnell, G Schuler, KP Schwind, A Seibert, J Seitz, B Shibata, TA Shutov, V Simani, MC Simon, A Sinram, K Steffens, E Steijger, JJM Stewart, J Stosslein, U Suetsugu, K Taroian, S Terkulov, A Teryaev, O Tessarin, S Thomas, E Tipton, B Tytgat, M Urciuoli, GM van den Brand, JFJ van der Steenhoven, G van de Vyver, R van Hunen, JJ Vetterli, MC Vikhrov, V Vincter, MG Visser, J Weiskopf, C Wendland, J Wilbert, J Wise, T Yen, S Yoneyama, S Zohrabian, H AF Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Amarian, M Aschenauer, EC Avakian, H Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bailey, P Bains, B Baturin, V Baumgarten, C Beckmann, M Belostotski, S Bernreuther, S Bianchi, N Bottcher, H Borissov, A Bouhali, O Bouwhuis, M Brack, J Brauksiepe, S Bruckner, W Brull, A Brunn, I Bulten, HJ Capitani, GP Chumney, P Cisbani, E Ciullo, G Court, GR Dalpiaz, PF De Leo, R De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E De Schepper, D Devitsin, E Huberts, PKAD Di Nezza, P Djordjadze, V Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Ely, J Fantoni, A Fechtchenko, A Felawka, L Filippone, BW Fischer, H Fox, B Franz, J Frullani, S Garber, Y Garibaldi, F Garutti, E Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Golendukhin, A Graw, G Grebeniouk, O Green, PW Greeniaus, LG Gute, A Haeberli, W Hafidi, K Hartig, M Hasch, D Heesbeen, D Heinsius, FH Henoch, M Hertenberger, R Hesselink, WHA Hofman, G Holler, Y Holt, RJ Hommez, B Iarygin, G Izotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Jung, P Kaiser, R Kanesaka, J Kinney, E Kisselev, A Kitching, P Kobayashi, H Koch, N Konigsmann, K Kolster, H Korotkov, V Kotik, E Kozlov, V Krauss, B Krivokhijine, VG Kyle, G Lagamba, L Laziev, A Lenisa, P Liebing, P Lindemann, T Lorenzon, W Maas, A Makins, NCR Marukyan, H Masoli, F McAndrew, M McIlhany, K Meissner, F Menden, F Meyners, N Mikloukho, O Miller, CA Milner, R Muccifora, V Mussa, R Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Nass, A Negodaeva, K Nowak, WD Oganessyan, K O'Neill, TG Owen, BR Pate, SF Potashov, S Potterveld, DH Raithel, M Rakness, G Rappoport, V Redwine, R Reggiani, D Reolon, AR Rith, K Robinson, D Rostomyan, A Ruh, M Ryckbosch, D Sakemi, Y Sanjiev, I Sato, F Savin, I Scarlett, C Schafer, A Schill, C Schmidt, F Schnell, G Schuler, KP Schwind, A Seibert, J Seitz, B Shibata, TA Shutov, V Simani, MC Simon, A Sinram, K Steffens, E Steijger, JJM Stewart, J Stosslein, U Suetsugu, K Taroian, S Terkulov, A Teryaev, O Tessarin, S Thomas, E Tipton, B Tytgat, M Urciuoli, GM van den Brand, JFJ van der Steenhoven, G van de Vyver, R van Hunen, JJ Vetterli, MC Vikhrov, V Vincter, MG Visser, J Weiskopf, C Wendland, J Wilbert, J Wise, T Yen, S Yoneyama, S Zohrabian, H CA HERMES Collaboration TI Single-spin azimuthal asymmetries in electroproduction of neutral pions in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ODD PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; FRAGMENTATION FUNCTIONS; NUCLEONS; QUARK AB A single-spin asymmetry in the azimuthal distribution of neutral pions relative to the lepton scattering plane has been measured for the first time in deep-inelastic scattering of positrons off longitudinally polarized protons. The analyzing power in the sin phi moment of the cross section is 0.019 +/-0.007(stat) 0.003(syst). This result is compared to single-spin asymmetries for charged pion production measured in the same kinematic range. The pi (0) asymmetry is of the same size as the pi (+) asymmetry and shows a similar dependence on the relevant kinematic variables. The asymmetry is described by a phenomenological calculation based on a fragmentation function that represents sensitivity to the transverse polarization of the struck quark. C1 Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70124 Bari, Italy. CALTECH, WK Kellogg Radiat Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Colorado, Nucl Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. DESY Zeuthen, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. State Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. Univ Munich, Sekt Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Ist Super Sanita, Phys Lab, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Free Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Airapetian, A (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RI Gavrilov, Gennady/C-6260-2013; Holt, Roy/E-5803-2011; Messier, Claude/A-2322-2008; Kozlov, Valentin/M-8000-2015; Terkulov, Adel/M-8581-2015; Cisbani, Evaristo/C-9249-2011; OI Maas, Axel/0000-0002-4621-2151; Messier, Claude/0000-0002-4791-1763; Cisbani, Evaristo/0000-0002-6774-8473; Heinsius, Fritz-Herbert/0000-0002-9545-5117 NR 29 TC 192 Z9 192 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 097101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.097101 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100080 ER PT J AU Akushevich, I Kuraev, EA Shaikhatdenov, BG AF Akushevich, I Kuraev, EA Shaikhatdenov, BG TI Single-spin asymmetry in deeply virtual Compton scattering: Fragmentation region of polarized lepton SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; VECTOR-MESONS; NUCLEON; ELECTROPRODUCTION; FACTORIZATION; PHOTONS; HERA; QCD AB For the kinematical region when a hard photon is emitted predominantly close to the direction of motion of a longitudinally polarized initial electron and relatively small momentum is transferred to a proton we calculate the azimuthal asymmetry of photon emission. It arises from the interference of the Bethe-Heitler amplitude and amplitudes described by a heavy photon impact factor. Azimuthal asymmetry does not decrease in the limit of infinite c.m.s. energy. The lowest order expression for the impact factor of a heavy photon is presented. C1 N Carolina Cent Univ, Durham, NC 27707 USA. TJNAF, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RP Kuraev, EA (reprint author), N Carolina Cent Univ, Durham, NC 27707 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 094010 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100033 ER PT J AU Allen, TJ Goebel, C Olsson, MG Veseli, S AF Allen, TJ Goebel, C Olsson, MG Veseli, S TI Analytic quantization of the QCD string SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC FLUX TUBE; SPECTRUM; QUARKS; CONFINEMENT; ENDS AB We perform an analytic semiclassical quantization of the straight QCD string with one end fixed and a massless quark on the other, in the limits of orbital and radial dominant motion. We compare our results to the exact numerical semiclassical quantization. We observe that the numerical semiclassical quantization agrees well with our exact numerical canonical quantization. C1 Hobart & William Smith Coll, Dept Phys, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Hobart & William Smith Coll, Dept Phys, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 26 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 094011 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.094011 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100034 ER PT J AU Asztalos, S Daw, E Peng, H Rosenberg, LJ Hagmann, C Kinion, D Stoeffl, W van Bibber, K Sikivie, P Sullivan, NS Tanner, DB Nezrick, F Turner, MS Moltz, DM Powell, J Andre, MO Clarke, J Muck, M Bradley, RF AF Asztalos, S Daw, E Peng, H Rosenberg, LJ Hagmann, C Kinion, D Stoeffl, W van Bibber, K Sikivie, P Sullivan, NS Tanner, DB Nezrick, F Turner, MS Moltz, DM Powell, J Andre, MO Clarke, J Muck, M Bradley, RF TI Large-scale microwave cavity search for dark-matter axions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE; ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT; STRONG CP PROBLEM; INVISIBLE-AXION; COSMIC AXIONS; DC SQUID; RADIOFREQUENCY-AMPLIFIER; GOLDSTONE BOSONS; WEAK-INTERACTION; HARMLESS AXION AB We have built and operated a large-scale axion detector, based on a method originally proposed by Sikivie, to search for halo axions. The apparatus consists of a cylindrical tunable high-Q microwave cavity threaded axially by a static high magnetic field. This field stimulates axions that enter the cavity to convert into single microwave photons. The conversion is resonantly enhanced when the cavity resonant frequency is near the axion rest mass energy. The experiment is cooled to 1.5 K and the electromagnetic power spectrum emitted by the cavity is measured by an ultra-low-noise microwave receiver. The axion would be detected as excess power in a narrow line within the cavity resonance. The apparatus has achieved a power sensitivity better than 10(-23) W in the mass range 2.9-3.3 mu eV. For the first time the rf cavity technique has explored plausible axion models, assuming axions make up a significant fraction of the local halo density. The experiment continues to operate and will explore a large part of the mass in the range of 1-10 mu eV in the near future. An upgrade of the experiment is planned with dc superconducting quantum interference device microwave amplifiers operating at a lower physical temperature. This next generation detector would be sensitive to even more weakly coupled axions contributing only fractionally to the local halo density. C1 MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Ctr Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Asztalos, S (reprint author), MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 83 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 092003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.092003 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100005 ER PT J AU Beacom, JF Parke, SJ AF Beacom, JF Parke, SJ TI Normalization of the neutrino-deuteron cross section SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPER-KAMIOKANDE; SNO; CONSERVATION; SCATTERING; CAPTURE; REACTOR; PROTON; RATES AB As is well known, the comparison of the solar neutrino fluxes measured in SuperKamiokande (SK) by v+e(-)-->v+e(-) and in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) by v(e)+d -->e(-)+p+p can provide a "smoking gun" signature for neutrino oscillations as the solution to the solar neutrino puzzle. This occurs because SK has some sensitivity to all active neutrino flavors whereas SNO can isolate electron neutrinos. This comparison depends crucially on the normalization and uncertainty of the theoretical charged-current neutrino-deuteron cross section. We address a number of effects which are significant enough to change the interpretation of the SK-SNO comparison. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM beacom@fnal.gov; parke@fnal.gov OI Beacom, John/0000-0002-0005-2631 NR 29 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 091302 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100002 ER PT J AU Buttimore, NH Leader, E Trueman, TL AF Buttimore, NH Leader, E Trueman, TL TI An absolute polarimeter for high energy protons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HADRONIC INTERFERENCE; POLARIZED PROTONS; SCATTERING AB A study of the spin asymmetries for polarized elastic proton-proton collisions in the electromagnetic hadronic interference [Coulomb nuclear interference (CNI)] region of momentum transfer provides a method of self-calibration of proton polarization. The method can be extended to non-identical spin half scattering so that, in principle, the polarization of a proton may be obtained through an analysis of its elastic collision with a different polarized particle, He-3, for instance. Sufficiently large CNI spin asymmetries provide enough information to facilitate the evaluation of nearly all the helicity amplitudes at small t as well as the polarization of both initial spin half fermions. Thus it can serve equally well as a polarimeter for He-3. C1 Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Math, Dublin 2, Ireland. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Buttimore, NH (reprint author), Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Math, Dublin 2, Ireland. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 094021 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.094021 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100044 ER PT J AU Cheng, HC Hill, CT Wang, J AF Cheng, HC Hill, CT Wang, J TI Dynamical electroweak breaking and latticized extra dimensions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID TOPCOLOR-ASSISTED TECHNICOLOR; HIDDEN LOCAL SYMMETRIES; STANDARD MODEL; SEESAW MECHANISM; BULK FIELDS; Z-BOSONS; NEUTRINO; MASS; COMPACTIFICATION; CONDENSATION AB Using gauge invariant effective Lagrangians in 1 + 3 dimensions describing the standard model in 1 + 4 dimensions. we explore dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking. The top quark seesaw model arises naturally, as well as the full Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa structure. We include a discussion of the effects of war-ping, and indicate how other dynamical schemes may also be realized. C1 Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM hcheng@theory.uchicago.edu; hill@fnal.gov; jingw@fnal.gov NR 58 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 095003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.095003 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100058 ER PT J AU Goity, JL Roberts, W AF Goity, JL Roberts, W TI Radiative transitions in heavy mesons in a relativistic quark model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID D-ASTERISK; DECAYS; EMISSION AB The radiative decays of D*, B*, and other excited heavy mesons are analyzed in a relativistic quark model for the light degrees of freedom and in the limit of heavy quark spin-flavor symmetry. The analysis of strong decays carried out in the corresponding chiral quark model is used to calculate the strong decays and determine the branching ratios of the radiative D* decays. Consistency with the observed branching ratios requires the inclusion of the heavy quark component of the electromagnetic current and the introduction of an anomalous magnetic moment for the light quark. It is observed that not only D, but also B meson transitions within a heavy quark spin multiplet are affected by the presence of the heavy quark current. C1 Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Natl Sci Fdn, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. RP Goity, JL (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. NR 22 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 094007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.094007 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100030 ER PT J AU Hewett, JL Petriello, FJ AF Hewett, JL Petriello, FJ TI Indirect signatures of CP violation in the processes gamma gamma ->gamma gamma, gamma Z, and ZZ SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PHOTON LINEAR COLLIDER; BOSON PAIR PRODUCTION; ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT; LOW SCALE GRAVITY; STANDARD MODEL; ANOMALOUS COUPLINGS; BARYON ASYMMETRY; HIGH-ENERGY; TOP-QUARK; COLLISIONS AB This paper studies the utility of the processes gamma gamma-->gamma gamma, gammaZ, and ZZ in searching for sources of CP violation arising from energy scales beyond the production thresholds of planned future colliders. In the context of an effective Lagrangian approach we consider the most general set of CP odd SU(2)xU(1) operators that give rise to genuinely quartic gauge boson couplings which can be probed in 2-->2 scattering processes at a yy collider. We study each process in detail, emphasizing the complementary information that is obtained by varying the initial beam polarizations. Finally, we compare our results to other constraints in the literature on CP odd gauge boson interactions and quartic gauge boson couplings, the search reaches obtained here are typically stronger and nicely complement previous studies which have focused primarily on W boson, top quark, or Higgs boson production. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Hewett, JL (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 095017 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100072 ER PT J AU Isgur, N Thacker, HB AF Isgur, N Thacker, HB TI Origin of the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka rule in QCD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUARK-MODEL; OZI RULE; MASS SPLITTINGS; 1-N EXPANSION; STRONG DECAYS; GAUGE THEORY; LATTICE QCD; BARYONS; INSTANTONS; CHARMONIUM AB The Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka (OZI) rule is prominent in hadronic phenomena only because OZI violation is typically an order of magnitude smaller than expected from large N-c arguments. With its standard (3)p(o) pair creation operator for hadronic decays by flux tube breaking, the quark model respects the OZI rule at the tree level and exhibits the cancellations between OZI-violating meson loop diagrams required for this dramatic suppression. However. if the quark model explanation for these cancellations is correct, then OZI violation would be expected to be large in the nonet with the same quantum numbers as the pair creation operator: the 0(++) mesons, Experiment is currently unable to identify these mesons, but we report here on a lattice QCD calculation which confirms that the OZI rule arises from QCD in the vector and axial vector mesons as observed, and finds a large violation of the rule in the scalar mesons as anticipated by the quark model. In view of this result, we make some remarks on possible connections between the P-3(o) pair creation model, scalar mesons, and the U-A(1) anomaly responsible for the large OZI violation which drives the eta' mass. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Isgur, N (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 70 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 094507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.094507 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100053 ER PT J AU Kogut, JB Sinclair, DK Hands, SJ Morrison, SE AF Kogut, JB Sinclair, DK Hands, SJ Morrison, SE TI Two-color QCD at nonzero quark-number density SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; FINITE-DENSITY; MATTER; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB We have simulated two-color four-flavor QCD at nonzero chemical potential A for quark number. Simulations were performed on 8(4) and 12(3) x 24 lattices. Clear evidence was seen for the formation of a colorless diquark condensate which breaks quark number spontaneously, for mu>mu (c)similar to m(pi)/2. The transition appears to be second order. We have measured the spectrum of scalar and pseudoscalar bosons which shows clear evidence for the expected Goldstone boson. Our results are in qualitative agreement with those from effective Lagrangians for the potential Goldstone excitations of this theory. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Coll Swansea, Dept Phys, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. RP Kogut, JB (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. OI Hands, Simon/0000-0001-5720-7852 NR 28 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 094505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.094505 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100051 ER PT J AU Leibovich, AK Rajagopal, K Shuster, E AF Leibovich, AK Rajagopal, K Shuster, E TI Opening the crystalline color superconductivity window SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY QCD; ASYMMETRIC NUCLEAR-MATTER; HIGH BARYON DENSITY; QUARK MATTER; FLAVOR-LOCKING; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; ISOSPIN DENSITY; CRITICAL FIELD; FINITE BARYON; PHASE AB Cold dense quark matter is in a crystalline color superconducting phase wherever pairing occurs between species of quarks with chemical potentials whose difference delta mu lies within an appropriate window. If the interaction between quarks is modeled as pointlike, this window is rather narrow. We show that when the interaction between quarks is modeled as single-gluon exchange, the window widens by about a factor of 10 at accessible densities and by much larger factors at higher density. This striking enhancement reflects the increasingly (1 + 1)-dimensional nature of the physics at weaker and weaker coupling. Our results indicate that crystalline color superconductivity is a generic feature of the phase diagram of cold dense quark matter, occurring wherever one finds quark matter that is not in the color-flavor locked phase. If it occurs within the cores of compact stars, a crystalline color superconducting region may provide a new locus for glitch phenomena. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM adam@fnal.gov; krishna@ctp.mit.edu; eugencus@mit.edu NR 54 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 094005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.094005 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100028 ER PT J AU Peskin, ME Wells, JD AF Peskin, ME Wells, JD TI How can a heavy Higgs boson be consistent with the precision electroweak measurements? SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EXTENDED GAUGE-MODELS; STANDARD MODEL; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; TECHNICOLOR THEORIES; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; EXTRA DIMENSIONS; SEESAW MECHANISM; PARAMETER-S; PHYSICS; MASS AB The fit of precision electroweak data to the minimal standard model currently gives an upper limit on the Higgs boson mass of 170 GeV at 95% confidence. Nevertheless. it is often said that the Higgs boson could be much heavier in more general models. In this paper, we critically review models that have been proposed in the literature that allow a heavy Higgs boson consistent with the precision electroweak constraints. All have unusual features, and all can be distinguished from the minimal standard model either by improved precision measurements or by other signatures accessible to next-generation colliders. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Peskin, ME (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. OI Peskin, Michael/0000-0001-6403-6828 NR 63 TC 104 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 093003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.093003 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100010 ER PT J AU Radyushkin, AV Weiss, C AF Radyushkin, AV Weiss, C TI Kinematical twist-3 effects in deeply virtual Compton scattering as a quark spin rotation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID AMPLITUDE; QCD; DISTRIBUTIONS; MESONS AB We point out that the kinematical twist-3 contributions to the deeply virtual Compton scattering amplitude, required to restore electromagnetic gauge invariance of the twist-2 amplitude up to O(t/q(2)), can be understood as a spin rotation applied to the twist-2 quark density matrix in the target. This allows for a compact representation of the twist-3 effects, as well as for a simple physical interpretation. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Jefferson Lab, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Theoret Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. RP Radyushkin, AV (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM radyush@jlab.org; christian.weiss@physik.uni-regensburg.de NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 097504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.097504 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100086 ER PT J AU Rizzo, TG AF Rizzo, TG TI Probes of universal extra dimensions at colliders SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID KALUZA-KLEIN EXCITATIONS; FUTURE COLLIDERS; TEV-SCALE; SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; QUANTUM-GRAVITY; STANDARD MODEL; PHYSICS; SUPERSTRINGS; MILLIMETER; STATES AB In the universal extra dimensions model of Appelquist, Cheng. and Dobrescu, all of the standard model fields are placed in the bulk and thus have Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitations. These KK states can only be pair produced at colliders due to the tree-level conservation of the KK number, with the lightest of them being stable and possibly having a mass as low as approximate to 350-400 GeV. After calculating the contribution to g-2 in this model we investigate the production cross sections and signatures for these particles at both hadron and lepton colliders. We demonstrate that these signatures critically depend upon whether the lightest KK states remain stable or are allowed to decay by any of a number of new physics mechanisms. These mechanisms which induce KK decays are studied in detail. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 39 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 9 AR 095010 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.095010 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 487AT UT WOS:000171852100065 ER PT J AU Agio, M Soukoulis, CM AF Agio, M Soukoulis, CM TI Ministop bands in single-defect photonic crystal waveguides SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDE BENDS; LIGHT; SLABS; TRANSMISSION; PROPAGATION; BOUNDARIES AB We numerically study single-defect photonic crystal waveguides obtained from a triangular lattice of air holes in a dielectric background. It is found that, for medium-high air filling ratios, the transmission has very small values in narrow frequency regions lying inside the photonic band gap-the so-called ministop bands. Two types of ministop bands are shown to exist; one of which is due to the multimode nature of the waveguide. Their dependence on the length of the waveguide and on the air filling ratio is presented. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis A Volta, INFM, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Res Ctr Crete, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Agio, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Agio, Mario/F-7366-2011; Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 OI Agio, Mario/0000-0003-3282-5982; NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 BP art. no. EP 055603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.055603 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 496QH UT WOS:000172407100011 PM 11736007 ER PT J AU Quintero, NR Kevrekidis, PG AF Quintero, NR Kevrekidis, PG TI Nonequivalence of phonon modes in the sine-Gordon equation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; SOLITONS; DRIVEN AB We study the resonances in the sine-Gordon equation driven by an ac force using a linear perturbation theory. We show that resonances take place when the driving frequency delta is equal to half of the phonon modes' frequencies as has been shown numerically in our earlier work [N. R. Quintero, A. Sanchez, and F. G. Mertens, Phys. Rev. E 62, R60 (2000)], however, we find that the ac force is able to excite not all the phonon modes, but rather only the odd phonons (i.e., the ones with odd eigenfunctions). C1 Univ Sevilla, Dept Fis Aplicada 1, Grp Fis Lineal, E-41012 Seville, Spain. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Quintero, NR (reprint author), Univ Sevilla, Dept Fis Aplicada 1, Grp Fis Lineal, Ave Reina Mercedes S-N, E-41012 Seville, Spain. RI Quintero, Niurka/J-7550-2013 OI Quintero, Niurka/0000-0003-3503-3040 NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 BP art. no. EP 056608 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.056608 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 496QH UT WOS:000172407100121 PM 11736117 ER PT J AU Schroeder, CB Pellegrini, C Chen, P AF Schroeder, CB Pellegrini, C Chen, P TI Quantum effects in high-gain free-electron lasers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; PHOTON STATISTICS; THOMSON SCATTERING; GENERATION; NOISE; VUV AB A many-particle fully quantized theory for a free-electron laser which is valid in the high-gain regime is presented. We examine quantum corrections for the high-gain single-pass free-electron laser. It is shown that quantum effects become significant when the photon energy becomes comparable to the gain bandwidth. The initiation of the free-electron laser process from quantum fluctuations in the position and momentum of the electrons is considered. and the parameter regime for enhanced start-up is identified. Photon statistics of the free-electron laser radiation are discussed, and the photon number statistics for the self-amplified spontaneous emission are calculated. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Schroeder, CB (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, MS 99,POB 20450, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 33 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 BP art. no. EP 056502 PN 2 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 496QH UT WOS:000172407100112 PM 11736108 ER PT J AU Stojic, N Glimm, J Deng, Y Haus, JW AF Stojic, N Glimm, J Deng, Y Haus, JW TI Transverse magnetic defect modes in two-dimensional triangular-lattice photonic crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BAND-STRUCTURE; 2 DIMENSIONS AB We present a numerical study of the localized transverse magnetic (TM) defect modes in a two-dimensional, triangular-lattice photonic crystal. The sample consists of an array of circular, air cylinders in a dielectric medium (GaAs). The defect modes were calculated by using a parallel version of the finite-difference time-domain method on the Yee mesh. To validate our computations the results for the transverse electric case were checked against experimental results and the numerical results using a different method. We study the spatial symmetry for TM modes, obtained by changing the dipole excitation frequency. Also, we vary the defect-cylinder radius to tune the resonant frequency across the band gap. The TM mode is found to be highly localized at the defect in the photonic lattice. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Data Intens Comp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Dayton, Electroopt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Stojic, N (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 BP art. no. EP 056614 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.056614 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 496QH UT WOS:000172407100127 PM 11736123 ER PT J AU Berman, GP Borgonovi, F Izrailev, FM Tsifrinovich, VI AF Berman, GP Borgonovi, F Izrailev, FM Tsifrinovich, VI TI Delocalization border and onset of chaos in a model of quantum computation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FINITE FERMI SYSTEMS; NUCLEAR SHELL-MODEL; ISING SPIN CHAIN; CLASSICAL CORRESPONDENCE; QUASI-PARTICLE; INTERACTING PARTICLES; WEAK PERTURBATIONS; STATISTICAL-THEORY; COMPOUND STATES; ENERGY SPACE AB We study the properties of spectra and eigenfunctions for a chain of 1/2 spins (qubits) in an external time-dependent magnetic field and under the conditions of nonselective excitation (when the amplitude of the magnetic field is large). This model is known as a possible candidate for experimental realization of quantum computation. We present the theory for finding delocalization transitions and show that for the interaction between nearest qubits, the transition is very different from that in quantum chaos. We explain this phenomena by showing that in the considered region of parameters our model is close to an integrable one. According to a general opinion, the threshold for the onset of quantum chaos due to the interqubit interaction decreases with an increase of the number of qubits. Contrary to this expectation, for a magnetic field with constant gradient we have found that chaos border does not depend on the number of qubits. We give analytical estimates that explain this effect, together with numerical data supporting our analysis. Random models with long-range interactions have been studied as well. In particular, we show that in this case the delocalization and quantum chaos borders coincide. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Cattolica, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, I-25121 Brescia, Italy. INFM, Grp Collegato Brescia, Brescia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. Univ Autonoma Puebla, Inst Fis, Puebla 72570, Mexico. Polytech Univ, IDS Dept, Metrotech Ctr 6, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 49 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 056226 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.056226 PN 2 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 496QH UT WOS:000172407100077 PM 11736073 ER PT J AU Cady, A Pitney, JA Pindak, R Matkin, LS Watson, SJ Gleeson, HF Cluzeau, P Barois, P Levelut, AM Caliebe, W Goodby, JW Hird, M Huang, CC AF Cady, A Pitney, JA Pindak, R Matkin, LS Watson, SJ Gleeson, HF Cluzeau, P Barois, P Levelut, AM Caliebe, W Goodby, JW Hird, M Huang, CC TI Orientational ordering in the chiral smectic-C-F12* liquid crystal phase determined by resonant polarized x-ray diffraction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING AB High-resolution resonant polarized x-ray diffraction experiments near the sulfur K edge have been performed on free-standing liquid crystal films exhibiting the chiral smectic-C*(F12) phase. It is widely accepted that this phase has a four-layer repeat unit, but the internal structure of the repeat unit remains controversial. We report different resolved features of the resonant x-ray diffraction peaks associated with the smectic-C*(F12) phase that unambiguously demonstrate that the four-layer repeat unit is locally biaxial about the layer normal and that the measured angle, describing the biaxiality, is in good agreement with optical measurements. C1 Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Lille 1, CNRS, ESA 8024, Lab Dynam & Struct Mat Mol, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Rech Paul Pascal, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France. Univ Paris 11, Phys Solides Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Hull, Sch Chem, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England. RP Cady, A (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RI Hirst, Linda/A-4862-2008 OI Hirst, Linda/0000-0002-8306-9366 NR 11 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 6 U2 16 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 050702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.050702 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 496QF UT WOS:000172406900008 PM 11735886 ER PT J AU Kevrekidis, PG Kevrekidis, IG AF Kevrekidis, PG Kevrekidis, IG TI Heterogeneous versus discrete mapping problem SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SINE-GORDON SYSTEM; PROPAGATION FAILURE; FRONT PROPAGATION; TRAVELING WAVES; PERIODIC MEDIA; KINK DYNAMICS; EXISTENCE; MODEL; ARRAYS AB We propose a method for mapping a spatially discrete problem. stemming from the spatial discretization of a parabolic or hyperbolic partial differential equation of gradient type, to a heterogeneous one with certain comparable dynamical features pertaining. in particular, to coherent structures. We focus the analysis on a (1 + 1)-dimensional phi (4) model and confirm the theoretical predictions numerically. We also discuss possible generalizations of the method and the ensuing qualitative analogies between heterogeneous and discrete systems and their dynamics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Univ, Program Appl & Computat Math, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Kevrekidis, PG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B258, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 056624 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.056624 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 496QH UT WOS:000172407100137 PM 11736133 ER PT J AU Klein, W AF Klein, W TI Instability of Alexander-McTague crystals and its implication for nucleation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; DEEPLY QUENCHED LIQUIDS; SPINODALS; BCC; SYMMETRY; GROWTH; MODELS; PHASE AB We show that the argument of Alexander and McTague, that the bee crystalline structure is favored in those crystallization processes where the first-order character is not too pronounced, is not correct. We find that any solution that satisfies the Alexander-McTague condition is not stable. We investigate the implication of this result for nucleation near the pseudospinodal in near-meanfield systems. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Ctr Computat Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 056110 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.056110 PN 2 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 496QH UT WOS:000172407100021 PM 11736017 ER PT J AU Sides, SW Grest, GS Stevens, MJ AF Sides, SW Grest, GS Stevens, MJ TI Surface-tethered chains entangled in a polymer melt: Effects on adhesion dynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; INTERFACE; FRACTURE; SIMULATION; COPOLYMER; MATRICES; FRICTION AB The adhesion between a polymer melt and substrate is studied in the presence of chemically attached chains on the substrate surface. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out to study the effect of temperature, tethered chain density (Sigma), tethered chain length (N-t), and tensile pull velocity (nu) on the adhesive failure mechanisms of pullout and/or scission of the tethered chains. We observe a crossover from pure chain pullout to chain scission as N-t is increased. The value of N-t for which this crossover begins approaches the bulk entanglement length N-e as the temperature is lowered. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sides, SW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 26 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 050802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.050802 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 496QF UT WOS:000172406900011 PM 11735889 ER PT J AU Silbert, LE Ertas, D Grest, GS Halsey, TC Levine, D Plimpton, SJ AF Silbert, LE Ertas, D Grest, GS Halsey, TC Levine, D Plimpton, SJ TI Granular flow down an inclined plane: Bagnold scaling and rheology SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; DEBRIS FLOW; CHUTE FLOW; ASSEMBLIES; FRICTION; SPHERES; PACKING; MODEL AB We have performed a systematic, large-scale simulation study of granular media in two and three dimensions, investigating the rheology of cohesionless granular particles in inclined plane geometries, i.e., chute flows. We find that over a wide range of parameter space of interaction coefficients and inclination angles, a steady-state flow regime exists in which the energy input from gravity balances that dissipated from friction and inelastic collisions. In this regime, the bulk packing fraction (away from the top free surface and the bottom plate boundary) remains constant as a function of depth z, of the pile. The velocity profile in the direction of flow v(x)(z) scales with height of the pile H, according to v(x)(z) proportional to H-alpha, with alpha = 1.52 +/- 0.05. However, the behavior of the normal stresses indicates that existing simple theories of granular flow do not capture all of the features evidenced in the simulations. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. ExxonMobil Res & Engn, Corp Strateg Res, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Silbert, LE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 45 TC 400 Z9 403 U1 5 U2 57 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 AR 051302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.64.051302 PN 1 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 496QF UT WOS:000172406900035 PM 11735913 ER PT J AU Ohgaki, T Endo, I AF Ohgaki, T Endo, I TI Simulation of laser-Compton cooling of electron beams for future linear colliders SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB We study a method of laser- Compton cooling of electron beams for future linear colliders. Using a Monte Carlo code, we evaluate the effects of the laser- electron interaction for transverse cooling. The optics with and without chromatic correction for the cooling are examined. The laser- Compton cooling for Japan Linear Collider/ Next Linear Collider at E-0 = 2 GeV is considered. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Venture Business Lab, Higashihiroshima 7398527, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Adv Sci Matter, Higashihiroshima 7398530, Japan. RP Ohgaki, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD NOV PY 2001 VL 4 IS 11 BP art. no. EP 111001 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 498AW UT WOS:000172488500002 ER PT J AU Ostroumov, PN Shepard, KW AF Ostroumov, PN Shepard, KW TI Correction of beam-steering effects in low-velocity superconducting quarter-wave cavities SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Superconducting cavities presently used for acceleration of ions in velocity range similar to0.01c to 0.3c (where c is the speed of light) are based on quarter-wave resonators. Currently there are several design proposals in nuclear physics laboratories for application of this type of cavity for acceleration of light and heavy ions. The operating frequencies of the cavities range from similar to 50 to 360 MHz to satisfy various specifications. Electrodynamics studies of the field distributions in the beam-cavity interaction area indicate appreciable dipole components of both electric and magnetic fields, especially for higher-frequency cavities. The dipole fields induce beam steering. which is a strong function of rf phase and which couples the longitudinal and transverse motion. This can result in growth in the transverse emittance of the beam. In this paper, we propose two possible methods for the correction of such dynamic bean-steering effects tai quarter-wave resonators. We analyze and discuss the correction methods for the particular examples of two quarter-wave resonators operating at 57.5 and 115 MHz designed for the driver linac of the Rare Isotope Accelerator facility. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ostroumov, PN (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD NOV PY 2001 VL 4 IS 11 BP art. no. EP 110101 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 498AW UT WOS:000172488500001 ER PT J AU Towne, N AF Towne, N TI Longitudinal simulations and measurements of stretched bunches SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID INSTABILITY AB Extending the method of Warnock and Ellison for the simulation of the Vlasov- Fokker- Planck equation for bunched beams [in Proceedings of the 2nd ICFA Advanced Accelerator Workshop on the Physics of High Brightness Beams, Los Angeles, CA, 1999 (World Scientific, Singapore, 2000)], we analyze arbitrary radio- frequency potentials and high- Q impedances and study instabilities in stretched bunches. Results for the microwave instability driven by a broadband impedance and instability driven by high- Q rf modes in stretched bunches are compared with measurements of the vacuum ultraviolet ring at the National Synchrotron Light Source. A method for the calculation of response functions is developed, and simulated response functions are compared to experimental results. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Towne, N (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD NOV PY 2001 VL 4 IS 11 BP art. no. EP 114401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.4.114401 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 498AW UT WOS:000172488500005 ER PT J AU Teytelman, D Fox, J Prabhakar, S Byrd, JM AF Teytelman, D Fox, J Prabhakar, S Byrd, JM TI Characterization of longitudinal impedances in storage rings via multibunch effects SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID INSTABILITIES AB In this paper we present two new techniques for frequency- resolved characterization of longitudinal impedances in storage rings. The first method is based on transient measurements of the growth rates and tune shifts of unstable coupled- bunch modes. In the second approach, estimates of the impedances are obtained from analysis of the steady- state synchronous phases of the bunches for uneven fill patterns. These techniques are applicable to measurements of both fundamental and higher- order mode (HOM) impedances and allow characterization of shunt impedances and quality factors of the HOMs. Methods presented here are complementary to laboratory bench measurements of rf cavities, in that the beam-based measurements directly sense the physical impedance in the installed configuration. Experimental results from the Advanced Light Source and BESSY- II are presented showing the use of these techniques to measure complex impedances. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Teytelman, D (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD NOV PY 2001 VL 4 IS 11 AR 112801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.4.112801 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 498AW UT WOS:000172488500003 ER PT J AU Frauenfelder, H AF Frauenfelder, H TI In the shadow of the bomb: Bethe, Oppenheimer, and the moral responsibility of the scientist. SO PHYSICS IN PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Book Review C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Frauenfelder, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-6944 J9 PHYS PERSPECT JI Phys. Perspect. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 3 IS 4 BP 493 EP 495 PG 3 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA 519DG UT WOS:000173709500008 ER PT J AU Dokshitzer, YL Kharzeev, DE AF Dokshitzer, YL Kharzeev, DE TI Heavy-quark colorimetry of QCD matter SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DEPENDENCE; RADIATIVE ENERGY-LOSS; PARTICLE SPECTRA; GLUON PLASMA; ANNIHILATION; COLLISIONS; NUCLEI AB We consider propagation of heavy quarks in QCD matter. Because of large quark mass, the radiative quark energy loss appears to be qualitatively different from that of light quarks at all energies of practical importance. Finite quark mass effects lead to an in-medium enhancement of the heavy-to-light D/pi ratio at moderately large (5-10 GeV) transverse momenta. For hot QCD matter a large enhancement is expected, whose magnitude and shape are exponentially sensitive to the density of colour charges in the medium. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Paris 06, LPTHE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 11, LPT, F-91405 Orsay, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Paris 06, LPTHE, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France. EM kharzeev@bnl.gov NR 24 TC 543 Z9 548 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 519 IS 3-4 BP 199 EP 206 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)01130-3 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 484YQ UT WOS:000171717800002 ER PT J AU Czarnecki, A Melnikov, K AF Czarnecki, A Melnikov, K TI Charmonium decays: J/psi -> e(+)e(-) and eta c ->gamma gamma SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-QUARKONIUM; ANNIHILATION; QCD; THRESHOLD; QUARKS AB We compute the O(alpha (2)(s)) correction to the decay rate eta (c) --> gamma gamma and discuss its implications for precision quarkonium physics. We study the suitability of the ratio Gamma (J/psi --> e(+)e(-))/Gamma(eta (c) - gamma gamma), in which the non-perturbative or soft effects cancel through O(alpha (s)), for extracting fundamental parameters of QCD at low energies. We show that when O(alpha (2)(s)) corrections are included, this ratio cannot be predicted with a high degree of confidence. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Czarnecki, A (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. NR 20 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 519 IS 3-4 BP 212 EP 218 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)01129-7 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 484YQ UT WOS:000171717800004 ER PT J AU Gallis, MA Torczynski, JR Rader, DJ AF Gallis, MA Torczynski, JR Rader, DJ TI An approach for simulating the transport of spherical particles in a rarefied gas flow via the direct simulation Monte Carlo method SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID THERMOPHORESIS AB An approach is presented for computing the force on and heat transfer to a spherical particle from a rarefied flow of a monatomic gas that is computed using the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. The particle concentration is taken to be dilute, and the gas flow around the particle (but not necessarily throughout the flow domain) is taken to be free-molecular. Green's functions for the force and heat transfer are determined analytically, are verified by demonstrating that they yield certain well-known results, and are implemented numerically within a DSMC code. Simulations are performed for the case of gas confined between two parallel plates at different temperatures for broad ranges of pressures and particle velocities. The simulation results agree closely with analytical results, where applicable. A simple approximate expression relating the thermophoretic force to the gas-phase heat flux is developed, and the drag and thermophoretic forces are found to be almost decoupled for a wide range of particle velocities. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Gallis, MA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 21 TC 29 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD NOV PY 2001 VL 13 IS 11 BP 3482 EP 3492 DI 10.1063/1.1409367 PG 11 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 482GZ UT WOS:000171569600032 ER PT J AU Chen, L Lin, ZH White, R AF Chen, L Lin, ZH White, R TI On resonant heating below the cyclotron frequency SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID WAVES AB Resonant heating of particles by electrostatic and Alfven waves propagating in a confining uniform magnetic field is examined. It is shown that, with a sufficiently large wave amplitude, significant perpendicular stochastic heating can be obtained with wave frequency at a fraction of the cyclotron frequency. This result may have relevance for the heating of ions in the solar corona, and is a generic phenomenon, independent of the type of wave considered. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Chen, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RI chen, liu/I-2297-2013; White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 NR 13 TC 101 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2001 VL 8 IS 11 BP 4713 EP 4716 DI 10.1063/1.1406939 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 483QT UT WOS:000171647800001 ER PT J AU Carlsson, J AF Carlsson, J TI Breakdown of adiabatic invariance in spherical tokamaks SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TORUS PLASMAS; INSTABILITY; PHYSICS; ORBITS AB Due to the weak but strongly varying magnetic field, fast ions in spherical tokamaks are susceptible to the breakdown of adiabatic invariance. Beam ions in present-day spherical tokamaks are typically marginally adiabatic or super-adiabatic. Super-adiabatic ions have energies in the intermediate range where the longitudinal invariant is still adiabatically invariant, but the magnetic moment is not, and their motion is integrable. Fusion alphas in proposed burning-plasma experiments would, however, to a large extent be nonadiabatic, and follow chaotic orbits. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Carlsson, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Carlsson, Johan/0000-0003-4614-8150 NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2001 VL 8 IS 11 BP 4725 EP 4728 DI 10.1063/1.1412008 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 483QT UT WOS:000171647800004 ER PT J AU Rose, HA Russell, DA AF Rose, HA Russell, DA TI A self-consistent trapping model of driven electron plasma waves and limits on stimulated Raman scatter SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR ION WAVES; LASER HOT-SPOTS; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; ACOUSTIC-WAVES; INSTABILITY; STABILITY; FREQUENCY; REGIME; BEAM AB A Vlasov equation based model is used to determine various regimes of electron plasma wave response to a source appropriate to stimulated scatter in a laser hot spot. It incorporates trapped particle effects such as the standard nonlinear frequency shift, extended beyond the weak regime, and a reduction of damping a la Zakharov and Karpman [V. E. Zakharov and V. I. Karpman, JETP 16, 351 (1963)]. The results are consistent with those of Holloway and Dorning [J. P. Holloway and J. J. Dorning, Phys. Rev. A 44, 3856 (1991)] for small amplitude Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal modes. This leads to the prediction that as long as k lambda (D)greater than or equal to0.53 for a background Maxwellian distribution function, e.g., a 5 keV plasma with n(e)/n(c)less than or equal to0.075, anomalously large backward stimulated Raman scatter can be excluded. A similar analysis leads to density limits on stimulated Brillouin scatter. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. RP Rose, HA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS-B213,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 48 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2001 VL 8 IS 11 BP 4784 EP 4799 DI 10.1063/1.1410111 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 483QT UT WOS:000171647800013 ER PT J AU Boedo, JA Rudakov, D Moyer, R Krasheninnikov, S Whyte, D McKee, G Tynan, G Schaffer, M Stangeby, P West, P Allen, S Evans, T Fonck, R Hollmann, E Leonard, A Mahdavi, A Porter, G Tillack, M Antar, G AF Boedo, JA Rudakov, D Moyer, R Krasheninnikov, S Whyte, D McKee, G Tynan, G Schaffer, M Stangeby, P West, P Allen, S Evans, T Fonck, R Hollmann, E Leonard, A Mahdavi, A Porter, G Tillack, M Antar, G TI Transport by intermittent convection in the boundary of the DIII-D tokamak SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID HIGH CONFINEMENT MODE; FAST SCANNING PROBE; TURBULENT TRANSPORT; PARTICLE-TRANSPORT; EDGE PLASMA; H-MODE; FLUCTUATIONS; TEMPERATURE; TRANSITION AB Intermittent plasma objects (IPOs) featuring higher pressure than the surrounding plasma, and responsible for similar to 50% of the ExB(T) radial transport, are observed in the scrape off layer (SOL) and edge of the DIII-D tokamak [J. Watkins , Rev. Sci. Instrum. 63, 4728 (1992)]. Conditional averaging reveals that the IPOs, produced at a rate of similar to 3x10(3) s(-1), are positively charged and also polarized, featuring poloidal electric fields of up to 4000 V/m. The IPOs move poloidally at speeds of up to 5000 m/s and radially with ExB(T)/B-2 velocities of similar to 2600 m/s near the last closed flux surface (LCFS), and similar to 330 m/s near the wall. The IPOs slow down as they shrink in radial size from 4 cm at the LCFS to 0.5 cm near the wall. The IPOs appear in the SOL of both L and H mode discharges and are responsible for nearly 50% of the SOL radial ExB transport at all radii; however, they are highly reduced in absolute amplitude in H-mode conditions. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Boedo, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 39 TC 228 Z9 229 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2001 VL 8 IS 11 BP 4826 EP 4833 DI 10.1063/1.1406940 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 483QT UT WOS:000171647800017 ER PT J AU Moses, RW Gerwin, RA Schoenberg, KF AF Moses, RW Gerwin, RA Schoenberg, KF TI Transport implications of current drive by magnetic helicity injection SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID REVERSED-FIELD PINCH; SPHERICAL TORUS EXPERIMENT; POLOIDAL CURRENT DRIVE; FULLY IONIZED GAS; ION RUNAWAY; PLASMA; CONFINEMENT; ELECTRON; MODEL; TOKAMAK AB It is shown that in fusion plasma configurations sustained by electrode helicity injection, the core electron temperature (in electron volts) can, at most, be 25% to 40% of the electrode voltage (in volts). This result is obtained by assessing magnetic helicity injection as a driver of macroscopic steady-state plasma currents in magnetic confinement devices. Coaxial helicity injection using electrodes (CHI) and oscillating-field current drive (OFCD) are compared to inductive current drive. Magnetic helicity, K, is uniquely defined as the time-dependent volume integral of A.B when the surface components of A are purely solenoidal. Using an Ohm's law including Hall terms, magnetic helicity transport modeling shows that no closed magnetic surfaces with time and volume averaged parallel currents can exist continuously within a plasma sustained only by CHI or OFCD. The 25% to 40% limitations are obtained by considering long and short electron mean-free-path models of parallel energy transport. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 55 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2001 VL 8 IS 11 BP 4839 EP 4848 DI 10.1063/1.1407285 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 483QT UT WOS:000171647800019 ER PT J AU Barnes, DC AF Barnes, DC TI Profile consistency of an elongated field-reversed configuration. I. Asymptotic theory SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID EQUILIBRIA AB An asymptotic theory of field-reversed configuration (FRC) equilibrium is developed, where the small expansion parameter is the square of the inverse elongation of the separatrix. It is shown that equilibrium alone completely determines the closed-field pressure profile of an elongated FRC in terms of the open-field profile. Examples show that the closed profile is insensitive to details of the open profile. A surprising result is that the open outflow plasma (axially beyond closed region) is always totally diamagnetic on the axis (beta =1, where beta is measured in the theta -pinch sense). The separatrix shape (axial variation) depends uniquely on the first-order pressure profile, and any separatrix shape may be realized within the limitations of the asymptotic theory. This sensitive dependence of shape on pressure profile explains extreme stiffness of the FRC equilibrium problem which was reported earlier. These results are compared favorably with experimental observations. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Barnes, DC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, B-259, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 13 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2001 VL 8 IS 11 BP 4856 EP 4863 DI 10.1063/1.1408289 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 483QT UT WOS:000171647800021 ER PT J AU Barnes, DC AF Barnes, DC TI Profile consistency of an elongated field-reversed configuration. II. Two-dimensional solutions SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB An asymptotic theory of field-reversed configuration equilibrium, where the small expansion parameter is the square of the inverse elongation of the separatrix, was previously developed [D. C. Barnes, Phys. Plasmas 8, 4856 (2001)]. This theory is used to compute consistent pressure profiles which are then used to obtain two-dimensional solutions of the Grad-Shafranov equation. Solutions are obtained for a range of normalized separatrix radii, elongations, and shapes. These solutions confirm the predictions of the asymptotic theory. Elongations up to 25:1 are obtained, and the shape is shown to assume any previously specified value. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Barnes, DC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, B-259, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2001 VL 8 IS 11 BP 4864 EP 4869 DI 10.1063/1.1408290 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 483QT UT WOS:000171647800022 ER PT J AU Li, CK Seguin, FH Hicks, DG Frenje, JA Green, KM Kurebayashi, S Petrasso, RD Meyerhofer, DD Soures, JM Glebov, VY Keck, RL Radha, PB Roberts, S Seka, W Skupsky, S Stoeckl, C Sangster, TC AF Li, CK Seguin, FH Hicks, DG Frenje, JA Green, KM Kurebayashi, S Petrasso, RD Meyerhofer, DD Soures, JM Glebov, VY Keck, RL Radha, PB Roberts, S Seka, W Skupsky, S Stoeckl, C Sangster, TC TI Study of direct-drive, deuterium-tritium gas-filled plastic capsule implosions using nuclear diagnostics at OMEGA SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; PARTICLE STOPPING POWERS; LASER SYSTEM; ENERGY-LOSS; RHO-R; TARGETS; PLASMAS; COMPRESSION; SCATTERING AB Implosions of direct-drive, deuterium-tritium (DT) gas-filled plastic capsules are studied using nuclear diagnostics at the OMEGA laser facility [T. R. Boehly , Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)]. In addition to traditional neutron measurements, comprehensive sets of spectra of deuterons, tritons, and protons elastically scattered from the fuel and shell by primary DT neutrons ("knock-on" particles) are, for the first time, obtained and used for characterizing target performance. It is shown with these measurements that, for 15-atm DT capsules with 20-mum CH shells, improvement of target performance is achieved when on-target irradiation nonuniformity is reduced. Specifically, with a two-dimensional (2D) single-color-cycle, 1-THz-bandwidth smoothing by spectral dispersion (SSD), plus polarization smoothing (PS), a primary neutron yield of similar to 1x10(13), a fuel areal density of similar to 15 mg/cm2, and a shell areal density of similar to 60 mg/cm2 are obtained; these are, respectively, similar to 80%, similar to 60%, and similar to 35% higher than those achieved using 0.35-THz, 3-color-cycle, 2D SSD without PS. (In determining fuel areal density we assume the fuel to have equal numbers of D and T.) With full beam smoothing, implosions with moderate radial convergence (similar to 10-15) are shown to have rhoR performance close to one-dimensional-code predictions, but a ratio of measured-to-predicted primary neutron yield of similar to0.3. Other capsules that are predicted to have much higher radial convergence (3.8-atm DT gas with 20-mum CH shell) are shown to have rhoR(fuel)similar to3 mg/cm(2), falling short of prediction by about a factor of 5. The corresponding convergence ratios are similar to the values for 15-atm capsules. This indicates, not surprisingly, that the effects of mix are more deleterious for high-convergence implosions. A brief comparison of these moderate- and high-convergence implosions to those of similar deuterium-deuterium (D-2) gas-filled capsules shows comparable hydrodynamic performance. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn & Phys, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Li, CK (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015 OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983 NR 40 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2001 VL 8 IS 11 BP 4902 EP 4913 DI 10.1063/1.1405016 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 483QT UT WOS:000171647800027 ER PT J AU Ping, Y Yu, CX Xie, JL Ke, J Hu, XW Li, H Ding, WX AF Ping, Y Yu, CX Xie, JL Ke, J Hu, XW Li, H Ding, WX TI The role of energetic electrons in self-oscillations of a discharge plasma SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR DYNAMICAL BEHAVIOR; LOW-PRESSURE DISCHARGES; HOT CATHODE ARCS; CHAOS; MODE; TRANSITION; SIMULATION AB The role of energetic electrons in periodic self-oscillations of a discharge plasma has been studied by measuring the spatiotemporal evolution of plasma potential, electron density, and electron velocity distribution function. It is found that the self-oscillation involves the instabilities of sheaths, propagation of a double layer and competition between the ionization, thermalization, and diffusion. The energetic electrons are the key factor which links these processes to form the oscillation cycle. The time interval of each phase in the cycle is estimated according to the physical process and the calculations are in agreement with experimental measurements. The study of the probe perturbation effect on the oscillations indicates that the length of the oscillation period is related to the amount of energetic electrons; the more energetic electrons, the shorter the period. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Anhua 230026, Peoples R China. RP Ping, Y (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM yping@pppl.gov NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2001 VL 8 IS 11 BP 5006 EP 5012 DI 10.1063/1.1406134 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 483QT UT WOS:000171647800036 ER PT J AU Choueiri, EY AF Choueiri, EY TI Fundamental difference between the two Hall thruster variants SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB The fundamental difference between the two variants of Hall thrusters, the stationary plasma thruster (SPT) and the thruster with anode layer (TAL), is illustrated quantitatively using an analytical model that accounts for the effects of secondary electron emission (SEE) from the walls. The model includes a prescription for the quenching of the temperature of the electrons on their way to the anode which results from the enhanced electron energy losses to the wall that occur at, and upstream of, an axial location where the wall potential reverses from electron attracting to electron repellent. For the higher SEE coefficient of an insulator wall (compared to that of a metallic one) this sign reversal occurs at a lower electron temperature and is shown to lead to a more extended acceleration region due to the resulting relaxation of the potential gradient required to balance the electron pressure gradient. By replacing the boron nitride walls (SPT) of an idealized Hall thruster with stainless steel (TAL), the acceleration zone is shown analytically to collapse to a region near the anode having an extent that is about eight times smaller than that for the SPT. The results are used to construct a detailed phenomenological picture of the fundamental difference between the two Hall thruster variants. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Elect Propuls & Plasma Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Choueiri, EY (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Elect Propuls & Plasma Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NR 30 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2001 VL 8 IS 11 BP 5025 EP 5033 DI 10.1063/1.1409344 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 483QT UT WOS:000171647800039 ER PT J AU Mitchell, GE Bowman, JD Penttila, SI Sharapov, EI AF Mitchell, GE Bowman, JD Penttila, SI Sharapov, EI TI Parity violation in compound nuclei: experimental methods and recent results SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review DE parity violation; weak interaction; compound states; neutron resonances; nuclear spectroscopy; polarized-neutron beam; rms matrix element; spreading width; statistical theory ID NEUTRON RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; ART. NO. 045503; SIGN CORRELATIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; OPTICAL-MODEL; FUNDAMENTAL SYMMETRIES; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; STATISTICAL-THEORY; WEAK INTERACTION; SPATIAL PARITY AB The TRIPLE Collaboration studies of space-parity symmetry in the compound nucleus show numerous examples of parity violation in Br, Rh, Pd., Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, I, Cs, Xe, La, U, and Th. The longitudinal cross section asymmetries have measured values, in the range of 10(-3)-10(-1) for neutron energies, from several eV up to 300-2000 eV, depending on the target. The high density of states leads to enhancement of the parity violation by factors as large as 10(6) relative to parity violation in pp scattering. The high degree of complexity of the levels permits the use of statistical methods for determination of the root mean square weak matrix element M for each nucleus. This report is focused on the experimental results of the TRIPLE Collaboration studies. Parity violation has been observed in 75 resonances of 18 nuclides. The experimental data and analysis are presented for each nuclide studied. A nonstatistical anomaly (the sign correlation effect) was observed in thorium. Statistical analysis techniques were developed and successfully applied to determine the rms weak matrix elements and the weak spreading widths Gamma (w). The value of Gamma (w) obtained from our analysis is about 1.8 x 10(-7) eV, which is in qualitative agreement with theoretical expectations. The individual weak spreading widths are consistent with a constant or slowly varying mass dependence and there is evidence for local fluctuations. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RP N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM mitchell@tunl.duke.edu NR 155 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 EI 1873-6270 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 354 IS 3 BP 157 EP 241 DI 10.1016/S0370-1573(01)00016-3 PG 85 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 486XB UT WOS:000171841300001 ER PT J AU Weinberg, AM AF Weinberg, AM TI Persa Raymond 'P. R.' Bell - Obituary SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Weinberg, AM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD NOV PY 2001 VL 54 IS 11 BP 77 EP 78 DI 10.1063/1.1428445 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 487HC UT WOS:000171867000017 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, RP TI Ensuring science has a history SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD NOV PY 2001 VL 14 IS 11 BP 16 EP 16 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 497NK UT WOS:000172462100013 ER PT J AU Heilmann, I Shin, J Huang, J Perera, IY Davies, E AF Heilmann, I Shin, J Huang, J Perera, IY Davies, E TI Transient dissociation of polyribosomes and concurrent recruitment of calreticulin and calmodulin transcripts in gravistimulated maize pulvini SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-DEPRIVED ROOTS; LEAF-SHEATH PULVINUS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENE-EXPRESSION; FREE-CALCIUM; GRAVITY; GRAVITROPISM; PLANTS; TRANSLATION; GROWTH AB The dynamics of polyribosome abundance were studied in gravistimulated maize (Zea mays) stem pulvini. During the initial 15 min of gravistimulation, the amount of large polyribosomes transiently decreased. The transient decrease in polyribosome levels was accompanied by a transient decrease in polyribosome-associated mRNA. After 30 min of gravistimulation, the levels of polyribosomes and the amount of polyribosome-associated mRNA gradually increased over 24 h up to 3- to 4-fold of the initial value. Within 15 min of gravistimulation, total levels of transcripts coding for calreticulin and calmodulin were elevated 5-fold in maize pulvinus total RNA. Transcripts coding for calreticulin and calmodulin were recruited into polyribosomes within 15 min of gravistimulation. Over 4 h of gravistimulation, a gradual increase in the association of calreticulin and calmodulin transcripts with polyribosomes was seen predominantly in the lower one-half of the maize pulvinus; the association of transcripts for vacuolar invertase with polyribosomes did not change over this period. Our results suggest that within 15 min of gravistimulation, the translation of the majority of transcripts associated with polyribosomes decreased, resembling a general stress response. Recruitment of calreticulin and calmodulin transcripts into polyribosomes occurred predominantly in the lower pulvinus one-half during the first 4 h when the presentation time for gravistimulation in the maize pulvinus is not yet complete. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Bot, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Heilmann, I (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, 50 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM heilmann@bnl.gov NR 47 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 127 IS 3 BP 1193 EP 1203 DI 10.1104/pp.127.3.1193 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 493YN UT WOS:000172251200048 PM 11706198 ER PT J AU Kim, JS Chance, MS Edgell, DH Greene, JM Strait, EJ Turnbull, AD AF Kim, JS Chance, MS Edgell, DH Greene, JM Strait, EJ Turnbull, AD TI Phase folding of magnetic signals in tokamak plasmas SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID MHD AB The magnetic signals detected by the poloidal Mirnov probe arrays in DIII-D indicate that the phase of the signals routinely exhibits strong reversal, or 'phase folding', over the entire inboard region of high beta plasmas. The magnitude of the reversal can be up to 2 pi in phase. This phenomenon appears paradoxical as only helical MHD modes with a single handedness exist in fusion tokamak plasmas. This paper shows that the superposition of poloidal harmonic components of rotating helical modes can produce such phase foldings under the proper conditions. Strong phase foldings observed in magnetic signals from tokamaks are possible due to toroidicity, plasma shaping, change in measurement orientations, and non-uniform distances between the signal source and the measurement locations. These introduce poloidal modulation to the amplitude of each helical component, and can induce apparently 'opposite' helicity components at the measurement location. Phase foldings of poloidal Mirnov array signals can also occur from multiple helical components of constant amplitudes. Thus, phase foldings can even occur in circular cylindrical tokamaks. The strong phase foldings observed by a poloidal Mirnov array in DIII-D tokamak plasmas are verified numerically with highly localized plasma displacements on the outboard due to the high beta effect and result from a superposition of many MHD components with a kink-type ballooning structure. Although it is premature to interpret detailed plasma behaviour responsible for phase foldings, this paper resolves the seemingly paradoxical phase folding phenomenon observed in high beta tokamak plasmas, and may provide a better analysis of MHD behaviour in the future. C1 FARTECH Inc, San Diego, CA 92122 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Kim, JS (reprint author), FARTECH Inc, 3146 Bunche Ave, San Diego, CA 92122 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD NOV PY 2001 VL 43 IS 11 BP 1593 EP 1613 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/43/11/313 PG 21 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 497LN UT WOS:000172457100013 ER PT J AU Babayan, SE Jeong, JY Schutze, A Tu, VJ Moravej, M Selwyn, GS Hicks, RF AF Babayan, SE Jeong, JY Schutze, A Tu, VJ Moravej, M Selwyn, GS Hicks, RF TI Deposition of silicon dioxide films with a non-equilibrium atmospheric-pressure plasma jet SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; DIELECTRIC-CONSTANT; INFRARED-ABSORPTION; TETRAETHOXYSILANE; TETRAETHYLORTHOSILICATE; SIO2-FILMS; PYROLYSIS; OZONE; SIO2; OH AB Silicon dioxide films were grown using an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet that was produced by flowing oxygen and helium between two coaxial metal electrodes that were driven by 13.56 MHz radio frequency power. The plasma exiting from between the electrodes was mixed with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), and directed onto a silicon substrate held at 115-350 degreesC. Silicon dioxide films were deposited at rates ranging from 20 +/- 2 to 300 +/- 25 nm min(-1). The deposition rate increased with decreasing temperature and increasing TEOS pressure, oxygen pressure and RF power. For the latter two variables, the rate increased as follows: Rd proportional to P-O2(0.3) (RF)(1.4) Films grown at 115 degreesC were porous and contained adsorbed iIydroxyl groups, whereas films grown at 350 -C were smooth, dense and free of impurities. These results suggest that the mechanism in the atmospheric pressure plasma is the same as that in low-pressure plasmas. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Hicks, RF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 42 TC 132 Z9 136 U1 2 U2 30 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0963-0252 J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 10 IS 4 BP 573 EP 578 DI 10.1088/0963-0252/10/4/305 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 503BM UT WOS:000172777300005 ER PT J AU Bilek, MMM Anders, A Brown, IG AF Bilek, MMM Anders, A Brown, IG TI Magnetic system for producing uniform coatings using a filtered cathodic arc SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLASMAS; DEPOSITION; HOMOGENIZER; TRANSPORT; PROFILES AB Curved magnetic filters are commonly used with cathodic arcs to remove macroparticles from the plasma stream, making them suitable for the preparation of smooth, dense and defect-free films. Such a filter produces a well focused plasma beam of Gaussian-like profile. This presents a problem in applications where uniform films over an area of more than a few square centimetres are required. We show that it is possible to expand and flatten the plasma profile over a distance of only 20 cm beyond the exit of the filter using a plasma homogenizer and a set of strategically placed current carrying wires. The best results were achieved using an 'expander' coil, carrying current in a sense opposite to that in the filter solenoid, to create a region of weaker field where the field lines expand rapidly just outside the filter. Another coil, a 'collimator'. carrying current in the same sense as the filter. was placed downstream of the expanding coil, to straighten the paths of the expanded field lines. The thus expanded plasma beam was then passed through a multipole magnetic homogenizer to achieve thickness deviations of less than 10% over a 10 cm diameter area. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Dept Appl & Plasma Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Anders, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 53, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0963-0252 J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 10 IS 4 BP 606 EP 613 DI 10.1088/0963-0252/10/4/309 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 503BM UT WOS:000172777300009 ER PT J AU Xia, BC Treves, DS Zhou, JZ Tiedje, JM AF Xia, BC Treves, DS Zhou, JZ Tiedje, JM TI Soil microbial community diversity and driving mechanisms SO PROGRESS IN NATURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE soil microbe; cloning community; spatial isolation; 16S rDNA AB To study the structure of soil microbial communities, DNA was extracted from different environmental soil samples, and 16S rDNA clone libraries were constructed. The diversity of these 16S libraries were analyzed with restriction fragment length polymorphism based on amplification ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (RFLP-ARDRA) method. The results reveal a high diversity of the soil microbial communities, and striking differences in community structure at different depths. In the surface soil environment, there is no dominant gene pattern, but in the subsurface samples some dominant gene patterns are much more common. With the increasing depth the preference dominance becomes more significant. A spatial isolation hypothesis is proposed to explain the different community structures at different soil depths. Microcosms are set to simulate competition between populations at different degrees of spatial isolation. These studies reveal that spatial isolation caused by low moisture affects the competitive interactions of the two populations. In the two-strain microcosm there is one dominant population at high moisture, and no dominance in very dry environments. C1 Zhongshan Univ, Inst Environm Sci, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China. Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Xia, BC (reprint author), Zhongshan Univ, Inst Environm Sci, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 1002-0071 J9 PROG NAT SCI JI Prog. Nat. Sci. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 11 IS 11 BP 818 EP 824 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Materials Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 488VG UT WOS:000171956300003 ER PT J AU Ekstrom, G Denny, M Murphy, JR AF Ekstrom, G Denny, M Murphy, JR TI Monitoring the comprehensive nuclear-test-ban treaty - Introduction SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Maxwell Technol Inc, Reston, VA 20191 USA. RP Ekstrom, G (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Ekstrom, Goran/C-9771-2012 OI Ekstrom, Goran/0000-0001-6410-275X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 158 IS 11 BP 1863 EP 1865 DI 10.1007/PL00001135 PG 3 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 492UH UT WOS:000172185600002 ER PT J AU Patton, HJ AF Patton, HJ TI Regional magnitude scaling, transportability, and M-s : m(b) discrimination at small magnitudes SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Review DE seismic magnitudes; regional phases; transportability; event discrimination ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR DETONATIONS; SOURCE PARAMETERS; SURFACE-WAVES; LG MAGNITUDES; EARTHQUAKE SEQUENCE; LOCAL EARTHQUAKES; SEISMIC MOMENT; GROUND MOTIONS AB Data sets of m(b)(Pn) and m(b)(Lg) measurements are presented for three continental regions in order to investigate scaling relationships with moment magnitude M-w and event discrimination at small magnitudes. Compilations of published measurements are provided for eastern North American and central Asian earthquakes, and new measurements are reported for earthquakes located in western United States. Statistical tests on M-w:m(b) relationships show that the m(b)(Lg) scale of NUTTLI (1973) is transportable between tectonic regions, and a single, unified M-w:m(b)(Lg) relationship satisfies observations for M-w similar to4.2-6.5 in all regions. A unified relationship is also developed for nuclear explosions detonated at the Nevada Test Site and test sites of the former Soviet Union. Regional m(b) for explosions scale at higher rates than for earthquakes, and of significance is the finding that m(b)(Pn) for explosions scales at a higher rate than m(b)(Lg). A model is proposed where differences in scaling rates are related to effects of spectral overshoot and near-field Rg scattering on the generation of Pn and Lg waves by explosions. For earthquakes, m(b)(Pn) and m(b)(Lg) scale similarly, showing rates near 1.0 or 2/3 . log(10)M(o) (seismic moment). M-w:m(b)(Lg) scaling results are converted to unified M-s:m(b)(Lg) relationships using scaling laws between log M-o and M-s. For earthquakes with M-s greater than 3.0, the scaling rate is 0.69 . M-s, which is the same as it is for nuclear explosions if M-s is proportional to 1.12 . log M-o as determined by NTS observations. Thus, earthquake and explosion populations are parallel and separated by 0.68 m(b) units for large events. For small events (M-s < 3.0), populations may converge or diverge depending on the tectonic region in which earthquakes occur and the scaling rate of explosions at small yields. Earthquakes scale as 0.64 and 0.75 on M-s:m(b)(Lg) plots for stable and tectonic regions, respectively. While the scaling rate for explosions is similar to0.69, this value is uncertain due to paucity of M-o observations at small yields. Measurements of [m(b)(P) - m(b)(Lg)] for earthquakes in the western United States have an average value of -0.33 +/- .03 m(b) units, in good agreement with Nuttli's estimate of m(b) bias for NTS. This result suggests that Nuttli's method for estimating test site bias can be extended to earthquakes to make estimates of bias on regional scales. In addition, a new approach for quick assessments of regional bias is proposed where M-s:m(b)(P) observations are compared with M-s:m(b)(Lg) relationships. Catalog M-s:m(b)(P) data suggest that m(b) bias is significant for tectonic regions of southern Asia, averaging about -0.4 m(b) units. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Seism Res Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Seism Res Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM patton@geophysics.lanl.gov NR 111 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 158 IS 11 BP 1951 EP 2015 DI 10.1007/PL00001138 PG 65 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 492UH UT WOS:000172185600005 ER PT J AU Bonner, JL Pearson, DC Phillips, WS Taylor, SR AF Bonner, JL Pearson, DC Phillips, WS Taylor, SR TI Shallow velocity structure at the Shagan River Test Site in Kazakhstan SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Rg; shear wave velocity structure; Shagan River Test Site ID SURFACE-WAVE; NUCLEAR-EXPLOSIONS; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; ANOMALY BENEATH; RAYLEIGH-WAVES; NEW-ENGLAND; DISPERSION; RG; EARTHQUAKES; INVERSION AB During 1997 and 1998, twelve chemical explosions were detonated in boreholes at the former Soviet nuclear test site near the Shagan River (STS) in Kazakhstan. The depths of these explosions ranged from 2.5 to 550 m, while the explosive yield varied from 2 to 25 tons. The purpose of these explosions was for closure of the unused boreholes at STS, and each explosion was recorded at local distances by a network of seismometers operated by Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Institute of Geophysics for the National Nuclear Center (NNC). Short-period, fundamental-mode Rayleigh waves (Rg) were generated by these explosions and recorded at the local stations, resultingly the waves exhibited normal dispersion between 0.2 and 3 seconds. Dispersion curves were generated for each propagation path using the Multiple Filter Analysis and Phase Match Filtering techniques. Tomographic maps of Rg group velocity were constructed and show a zone of relatively high velocities for the southwestern (SW) region of the test site and slow propagation for the northeastern (NE) region. For 0.5 see Rg, the regions are separated by the 2.1 km/sec contour, as propagation in the SW is greater than 2.1 km/sec and less in the NE region. At 1.0 see period, the 2.3 km/sec contour separates the two regions. Finally, for 1.5 and 2.0 see, the separation between the two regions is less distinct as velocities in the NE section begin to approach the SW except for a low velocity region (< 2.1 km/sec) near the center of the test site. Local geologic structure may explain the different regions as the SW region is composed predominantly of crystalline intrusive rocks, while the NE region consists of alluvium, tuff deposits, and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. Low velocities are also observed along the Shagan River as it passes through the SW region of the test site for shorter period Rg (0.5-1.0 sec). Iterative, least-squares inversions of the Rg group velocity dispersion curves show shear-wave velocities for the southwestern section that are on average 0.4 km/sec higher than the NE region. At depths greater than 1.5 km the statistical difference between the models is no longer significant. The observed group velocities and different velocity structures correlate with P-wave complexity and with spatial patterns of magnitude residuals observed from nuclear explosions at STS, and may help to evaluate the mechanisms behind those observations. C1 So Methodist Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bonner, JL (reprint author), So Methodist Univ, Dept Geol Sci, POB 0395, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 158 IS 11 BP 2017 EP 2039 DI 10.1007/PL00001139 PG 23 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 492UH UT WOS:000172185600006 ER PT J AU Swanson, TW Caffee, ML AF Swanson, TW Caffee, ML TI Determination of Cl-11 production rates derived from the well-dated deglaciation surfaces of Whidbey and Fidalgo Islands, Washington SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cl-36 production rates; cosmogenic isotopes; deglaciation; Cordilleran Ice Sheet ID COSMOGENIC CL-36 PRODUCTION; CORDILLERAN ICE-SHEET; TERRESTRIAL ROCKS; PUGET-LOWLAND; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; LATE PLEISTOCENE; AGE CALIBRATION; GLACIATION; PROGRAM; FIELD AB The Cl-36 dating method is increasingly being used to determine the surface-exposure history of Quaternary landforms. Production rates for the Cl-36 isotopic system, a critical component of the dating method, have now been refined using the well-constrained radiocarbon-based deglaciation history of Whidbey and Fidalgo Islands, Washington. The calculated total production rates due to calcium and potassium are 91 +/- 5 atoms Cl-36 (g Ca)(-1) yr(-1) and are 228 +/- 18 atoms Cl-36 (g K)(-1) yr(-1), respectively. The calculated ground-level secondary neutron production rate in air, P-f(O), inferred from thermal neutron absorption by Cl-35 is 762 +/- 28 neutrons (g air)(-1) yr(-1) for samples with low water content (1-2 wt.%). Neutron absorption by serpentinized harzburgite samples of the same exposure age, having higher water content (8-12 wt.%), is similar to 40% greater relative to that for dry samples. These data suggest that existing models do not adequately describe thermalization and capture of neutrons for hydrous rock samples. Calculated Cl-36 ages of samples collected from the surfaces of a well-dated dacite flow (10,600-12,800 cal yr B.P.) and three disparate deglaciated localities are consistent with close limiting calibrated C-14 ages, thereby supporting the validity of our Cl-36 production rates integrated over the last similar to 15,500 cal yr between latitudes of 46.5 degrees and 51 degreesN. Although our production rates are internally consistent and yield reasonable exposure ages for other localities, there nevertheless are significant differences between these production rates and those of other investigators. (C) 2001 University of Washington. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Geol Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Quaternary Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Swanson, TW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Geol Sci, Box 35-1310, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RI Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 56 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0033-5894 J9 QUATERNARY RES JI Quat. Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 56 IS 3 BP 366 EP 382 DI 10.1006/qres.2001.2278 PG 17 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 493FU UT WOS:000172212000008 ER PT J AU Neta, R AF Neta, R TI IL2 release in atomic bomb survivors SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Letter ID COMPLICATIONS C1 US DOE, Off Int Hlth Programs, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. RP Neta, R (reprint author), US DOE, Off Int Hlth Programs, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 156 IS 5 BP 564 EP 564 DI 10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0564:IRIABS]2.0.CO;2 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 489NZ UT WOS:000171999000014 PM 11604070 ER PT J AU Barcellos-Hoff, MH Brooks, AL AF Barcellos-Hoff, MH Brooks, AL TI Extracellular signaling through the microenvironment: A hypothesis relating carcinogenesis, bystander effects, and genomic instability SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; BREAST-CARCINOMA CELLS; ALPHA-PARTICLES; TGF-BETA; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VIVO; INTERCELLULAR INDUCTION; CHROMOSOMAL INSTABILITY; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE AB Cell growth, differentiation and death are directed in large part by extracellular signaling through the interactions of cells with other cells and with the extracellular matrix; these interactions are in turn modulated by cytokines and growth factors, i.e. the microenvironment. Here we discuss the idea that extracellular signaling integrates multicellular damage responses that are important deterrents to the development of cancer through mechanisms that eliminate abnormal cells and inhibit neoplastic behavior. As an example, we discuss the action of transforming growth factor beta (TGFB1) as an extracellular sensor of damage. We propose that radiation-induced bystander effects and genomic instability are, respectively, positive and negative manifestations of this homeostatic process. Bystander effects exhibited predominantly after a low-dose or a nonhomogeneous radiation exposure are extracellular signaling pathways that modulate cellular repair and death programs. Persistent disruption of extracellular signaling after exposure to relatively high doses of ionizing radiation may lead to the accumulation of aberrant cells that are genomically unstable. Understanding radiation effects in terms of coordinated multicellular responses that affect decisions regarding the fate of a cell may necessitate re-evaluation of radiation dose and risk concepts and provide avenues for intervention. (C) 2001 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Washington State Univ, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Barcellos-Hoff, MH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Bldg 74-174,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01-CA74053] NR 107 TC 179 Z9 189 U1 2 U2 14 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 156 IS 5 BP 618 EP 627 DI 10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0618:ESTTMA]2.0.CO;2 PN 2 PG 10 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 489PB UT WOS:000171999200011 PM 11604083 ER PT J AU Shao, XM Jacobson, AR AF Shao, XM Jacobson, AR TI Polarization observations of broadband VHF signals by the FORTE satellite SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRANSIONOSPHERIC PULSE PAIRS AB Coherent very high frequency (VHF) radio observations with the pair of orthogonal log-periodic array antennas of the FORTE satellite allow us to study thoroughly the polarization properties for a received signal. Eighty-one broadband VHF pulses that were generated by the Los Alamos Portable Pulser (LAPP) have been analyzed. The data are analyzed by computing the Stokes parameters in the time-frequency domain. We first examine the LAPP pulses at high time resolution so as to separate the ordinary and extraordinary ionospheric modes. The two modes have been found to be mirror images of each other in terms of polarization, as would be expected. For each mode the polarization degrades from circular toward elliptical as the nadir angle increases. Antenna pattern effects on this observation are discussed. The tilt of the detected polarization ellipse is found to be tightly associated with the azimuthal direction of the pulse source. The same set of data are then examined with much lower time resolution to intentionally mix together the two split modes, so that the ionospheric Faraday rotation can be detected. With the known geomagnetic field the total electron content (TEC) is computed, which shows good agreement with the TEC computed by dechirping the signal. A case study of an impulsive lightning emission shows that it is highly polarized, indicating that the associated breakdown processes are highly coherent and organized. Finally, we discuss the potential use of the polarization observations for locating terrestrial radio signals. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shao, XM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, NIS-1,MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2001 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1573 EP 1589 DI 10.1029/2000RS002600 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 508AT UT WOS:000173065300025 ER PT J AU Roussel-Dupre, RA Jacobson, AR Triplett, LA AF Roussel-Dupre, RA Jacobson, AR Triplett, LA TI Analysis of FORTE data to extract ionospheric parameters SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRANSIONOSPHERIC PULSE PAIRS; SATELLITE AB The ionospheric transfer function is derived for a spherically symmetric ionosphere with an arbitrary radial electron density profile in the limit where the radio frequencies of interest omega are much larger than the plasma frequency omega(pe). An expansion of the transfer function to second order in the parameter X (= omega(pe)(2)/omega(2)) is carried out. In this limit the dispersive properties of the ionosphere are manifested as a frequency-dependent time of arrival that includes quadratic, cubic, and quartic terms in 1/omega. The coefficients of these terms are related to the total electron content (TEC) along the slant path from transmitter to receiver, the product of TEC and the longitudinal magnetic field strength along the slant path, and refractive bending and higher-order electron density profile effects, respectively. By fitting the time of arrival versus frequency of a transionospheric signal to a polynomial in 1/omega it is possible to extract the TEC, the longitudinal magnetic field strength, the peak electron density, and an effective thickness for the ionosphere. This exercise was carried out for a number of transionospheric pulses measured in the VHF by the FORTE satellite receiver and generated by the Los Alamos Portable Pulser. The results are compared with predictions derived from the International Reference Ionosphere and the United States Geological Survey geomagnetic field model. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Atmospher & Climate Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Roussel-Dupre, RA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Atmospher & Climate Sci Grp, Mail Stop F659, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2001 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1615 EP 1630 DI 10.1029/2000RS002587 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 508AT UT WOS:000173065300029 ER PT J AU Ryutov, D Toor, A AF Ryutov, D Toor, A TI Optical elements based on the use of renewable liquid films with magneto-electrostatic control SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID MIRRORS AB A novel concept of capillary magneto-electrostatic (CAMEL) optics is presented. The concept is based on the use of thin liquid films pressed through a porous substrate and quickly pulled back after the optical pulse, thereby allowing one to create optical elements anew after every pulse. Possible optical elements include planar and focusing mirrors, reflecting diffraction gratings, and reflecting zone plates. A set of engineering equations required for design of the CAMEL optics is presented. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Ryutov, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 72 IS 11 BP 4042 EP 4054 DI 10.1063/1.1412857 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 486AV UT WOS:000171797000002 ER PT J AU Zepeda, S Yeh, Y Orme, CA AF Zepeda, S Yeh, Y Orme, CA TI Atomic force microscope chamber for in situ studies of ice SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID ANTIFREEZE PROTEINS; SURFACE; GROWTH AB To investigate the surface morphologies of biological systems in a controlled gaseous environment (e.g., the temperature, humidity and composition), most commercial atomic force microscopes require modification. We have designed a double-jacketed environmental chamber specifically for a Nanoscope IIIa (Digital Instruments, Santa Barbara, CA) force microscope. We use cold nitrogen and thermoelectric devices to control the temperature in the chamber; the nitrogen simultaneously serves to create an inert environment. We have also designed a temperature controlled sample stage utilizing thermoelectric devices for fine temperature regulation. A variation of this sample stage allows us to image samples in fluids at cold temperatures with an O-ringless configuration. The relative humidity within the chamber is also measured with commercially available relative humidity sensors. We investigate the surface morphology of ice Ih in its pure phase and shall extend the study to ice in the presence of biological molecules, such as antifreeze proteins. We present a detailed description of our design and our first images of polycrystalline ice and single crystals of ice grown in situ from the vapor. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Zepeda, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Orme, Christine/A-4109-2009 NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 72 IS 11 BP 4159 EP 4163 DI 10.1063/1.1406933 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 486AV UT WOS:000171797000018 ER PT J AU Chen, F Cooley, JC Hults, WL Smith, JL AF Chen, F Cooley, JC Hults, WL Smith, JL TI Low-frequency ac measurement of the Seebeck coefficient SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA SINGLE-CRYSTALS; ANOMALOUS PEAK; THERMOPOWER AB We have analyzed the sources of error in the measurement of the Seebeck coefficient and designed a low frequency ac method to reduce them. This method has high precision in a short time period compared to commonly used dc methods while it minimizes some major sources of error that other ac methods do not. Furthermore, the setup can be fit into a 3 mm diam x 7 mm Teflon pressure cell and has minimal side effects due to the heat conductance of the pressure medium. We have also proposed and tested several methods to calibrate the Seebeck coefficient of thermocouples under pressure. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chen, F (reprint author), Univ New Orleans, Adv Mat Res Inst, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. RI Cooley, Jason/E-4163-2013 NR 11 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 72 IS 11 BP 4201 EP 4206 DI 10.1063/1.1406930 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 486AV UT WOS:000171797000024 ER PT J AU Flint, AL Flint, LE Kwicklis, EM Bodvarsson, GS Fabryka-Martin, JM AF Flint, AL Flint, LE Kwicklis, EM Bodvarsson, GS Fabryka-Martin, JM TI Hydrology of Yucca Mountain, Nevada SO REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Review ID UNSATURATED ZONE; PRECIPITATION; CHLORIDE AB Yucca Mountain, located in southern Nevada in the Mojave Desert, is being considered as a geologic repository for high-level radioactive waste. Although the site is arid, previous studies indicate net infiltration rates of 5-10 mm yr(-1) under current climate conditions. Unsaturated flow of water through the mountain generally is vertical and rapid through the fractures of the welded tuffs and slow through the matrix of the nonwelded tuffs. The vitric-zeolitic boundary of the nonwelded tuffs below the potential repository, where it exists, causes perching and substantial lateral flow that eventually flows through faults near the eastern edge of the potential repository and recharges the underlying groundwater system. Fast pathways are located where water flows relatively quickly through the unsaturated zone to the water table. For the bulk of the water a large part of the travel time from land surface to the potential repository horizon (similar to 300 m below land surface) is through the interlayered, low fracture density, nonwelded tuff where flow is predominately through the matrix. The unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain is being modeled using a three-dimensional, dual-continuum numerical model to predict the results of measurements and observations in new boreholes and excavations. The interaction between experimentalists and modelers is providing confidence in the conceptual model and the numerical model and is providing researchers with the ability to plan further testing and to evaluate the usefulness or necessity of further data collection. C1 US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Flint, AL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Placer Hall,6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. NR 67 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 8755-1209 J9 REV GEOPHYS JI Rev. Geophys. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 39 IS 4 BP 447 EP 470 DI 10.1029/1999RG000075 PG 24 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 489ZT UT WOS:000172023700001 ER PT J AU Zhang, RG Skarina, T Katz, JE Beasley, S Khachatryan, A Vyas, S Arrowsmith, CH Clarke, S Edwards, A Joachimiak, A Savchenko, A AF Zhang, RG Skarina, T Katz, JE Beasley, S Khachatryan, A Vyas, S Arrowsmith, CH Clarke, S Edwards, A Joachimiak, A Savchenko, A TI Structure of Thermotoga maritima stationary phase survival protein SurE: A novel acid phosphatase SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Article DE SurE; environmental stress; cell stationary phase; hyperthermophile; acid phosphatase ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI CHROMOSOME; REPAIR METHYLTRANSFERASE; 59 MINUTES; GENE; ALIGNMENT; STABILITY; SEQUENCE; EXTREME; SYSTEM; STRESS AB Background: The rpoS, nlpD, pcm, and surE genes are among many whose expression is induced during the stationary phase of bacterial growth. rpoS codes for the stationary-phase RNA polymerase sigma subunit, and nlpD codes for a lipoprotein. The pcm gene product repairs damaged proteins by converting the atypical isoaspartyl residues back to L-aspartyls. The physiological and biochemical functions of surE are unknown, but its importance in stress is supported by the duplication of the surE gene in E. coli subjected to high-temperature growth. The pcm and su E genes are highly conserved In bacteria, archaea, and plants. Results: The structure of SurE from Thermotoga maritima was determined at 2.0 Angstrom. The SurE monomer is composed of two domains; a conserved N-terminal domain, a Rossman fold, and a C-terminal oligomerization domain, a new fold. Monomers form a dimer that assembles into a tetramer. Biochemical analysis suggests that SurE is an acid phosphatase, with an optimum pH of 5.5-6.2. The active site was identified in the N-terminal domain through analysis of conserved residues. Structure-based site-directed point mutations abolished phosphatase activity. T. maritima SurE intra- and intersubunit salt bridges were identified that may explain the SurE thermostability. Conclusions: The structure of SurE provided information about the protein's fold, oligomeric state, and active site. The protein possessed magnesium-dependent acid phosphatase activity, but the physiologically relevant substrate(s) remains to be identified. The importance of three of the assigned active site residues in catalysis was confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Toronto, Banting & Best Dept Med Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1L6, Canada. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Hlth Network, Clin Genom Ctr Proteom, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada. RP Joachimiak, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, 405 Hilgard Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM007135, GM-07135, GM62414-01, P50 GM062414, P50 GM062414-01] NR 28 TC 86 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 4 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTES AVE,, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD NOV PY 2001 VL 9 IS 11 BP 1095 EP 1106 DI 10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00675-X PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 491WD UT WOS:000172132300010 PM 11709173 ER PT J AU Sumption, MD Collings, EW Scanlan, RM Kim, SW Wake, M Shintomi, T Nijhuis, A ten Kate, HHJ AF Sumption, MD Collings, EW Scanlan, RM Kim, SW Wake, M Shintomi, T Nijhuis, A ten Kate, HHJ TI Ac loss and interstrand contact resistance in bare and coated NbTi/Cu Rutherford cables with cores SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING DIPOLE MAGNET; LHC-MAIN-MAGNETS; COUPLING LOSSES; STRANDS; NB3SN; STABILITY; FIELDS AB Ac loss due to coupling currents in a Rutherford cable can be controlled by increasing the interstrand contact resistance through adjusting the level of native oxidation of the strand, coating it, or by inserting a ribbon-like core into the cable itself. In an investigation of coupling loss, magnetic and calorimetric measurements were performed on: (i) a 'reference pair' of bare and stabrite-coated uncored Rutherford cables; (ii) a series of stabrite-coated cables with cores of titanium, stainless steel, and kapton ribbon; and (iii) a series of bare-Cu cables with fixed overall thickness but with cores of successively increasing thickness. Measurements were made both with and without the release of uniaxial pressure between 'curing' and measurement and, in the former case, after reapplication of in-cryostat ('cold') pressure. The total ac loss was measured as a function of the ramp rate of a magnetic field applied in either the face-on (FO, perpendicular to the cable's broad face) or edge-on (EO) orientations. From the coupling-current loss components, standard formulae enabled the interstrand contact resistances R-perpendicular to (crossover) and R-parallel to (side-by-side) to be determined. These were combined, for the purpose of discussion, into an effective FO-measured contact resistance, R-perpendicular to ,R-eff (R-perpendicular to, R-parallel to). It was noted that under the pressure-release measurement condition: (i) although the inclusion of a core (of any of the three materials) generally brings about a strong suppression of the FO loss, its presence at fixed cable outer dimensions causes an increase in the EO loss presumably as a result of increased side-by-side contact; (ii) increases in the core thickness, again at fixed cable size, resulted in still further increases in the side-by-side contact, and concurrent small reductions in the existing large R-perpendicular to ,R-eff(R-perpendicular to, R-parallel to). Although previously reported results had confirmed that the insertion of a core into a stabrite cable removed the cold-pressure sensitivity of its R-perpendicular to ,R-eff-a highly desirable outcome-it was noted that the cored-enhanced R-perpendicular to ,R-eff s were then much larger than the 20 or so mu Omega called for by dipole magnet designers. With a view to correcting this problem a series of cables with reduced-width cores was proposed for future fabrication and measurement. C1 Ohio State Univ, Lab Appl Superconduct, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Lab Magnetism Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Superconducting Magnet Grp, Berkeley, CA 94707 USA. Natl Lab High Energy Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Univ Twente, Fac Appl Phys, Low Temp Div, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. RP Sumption, MD (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Lab Appl Superconduct, 477 Watts Hall,2041 Coll Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI Sumption, Mike/N-5913-2016 OI Sumption, Mike/0000-0002-4243-8380 NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 14 IS 11 BP 888 EP 897 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/14/11/302 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 500QM UT WOS:000172638300003 ER PT J AU Hupalo, M Kremmer, S Yeh, V Berbil-Bautista, L Abram, E Tringides, MC AF Hupalo, M Kremmer, S Yeh, V Berbil-Bautista, L Abram, E Tringides, MC TI Uniform island height selection in the low temperature growth of Pb/Si(111)-(7 x 7) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Surface and Interface: Properties of Different Symmetry Crossing 2000 CY OCT 17-20, 2000 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN DE lead; silicon; growth; scanning tunneling microscopy ID HELIUM-ATOM SCATTERING; THIN METAL-FILMS; BY-LAYER GROWTH; PB; SURFACES AB Self-organized, uniform-height, Pb islands with flat tops and steep edges form on Si(1 1 1)-(7 x 7) at low temperatures 120 < T < 250 K. Islands of heights differing by bilayer height increments are observed depending on growth conditions. The formation of these structures is highly unusual since at low temperatures thermal diffusion is suppressed. The origin of the regular structures is believed to be quantum size effects (i.e. effects related to the quantization of the electron energy levels in the islands). We have studied with two complementary techniques (i.e. high resolution spot profile analysis low energy electron diffraction and variable temperature scanning tunneling microscopy) how the preferred island heights depend on the growth parameters (i.e. temperature, coverage, kinetic pathway etc.). We have constructed a kinetic phase diagram in the coverage-temperature plane which indicates the type of islands formed under different growth conditions. The phase diagram can be used as a guide so the island height can be easily controlled. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, USDOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Tringides, MC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, USDOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 22 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 493 IS 1-3 BP 526 EP 538 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(01)01262-6 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 486GL UT WOS:000171810000073 ER PT J AU Barrie, LA Yi, Y Leaitch, WR Lohmann, U Kasibhatla, P Roelofs, GJ Wilson, J McGovern, F Benkovitz, C Melieres, MA Law, K Prospero, J Kritz, M Bergmann, D Bridgeman, C Chin, M Christensen, J Easter, R Feichter, J Land, C Jeuken, A Kjellstrom, E Koch, D Rasch, P AF Barrie, LA Yi, Y Leaitch, WR Lohmann, U Kasibhatla, P Roelofs, GJ Wilson, J McGovern, F Benkovitz, C Melieres, MA Law, K Prospero, J Kritz, M Bergmann, D Bridgeman, C Chin, M Christensen, J Easter, R Feichter, J Land, C Jeuken, A Kjellstrom, E Koch, D Rasch, P TI A comparison of large-scale atmospheric sulphate aerosol models (COSAM): overview and highlights SO TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL SULFATE DISTRIBUTION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; SULFUR CYCLE; SIMULATION; AIR; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; EMISSIONS; TRANSPORT AB The comparison of large-scale sulphate aerosol models study (COSAM) compared the performance of atmospheric models with each other and observations. It involved: (i) design of a standard model experiment for the world wide web, (ii) 10 model simulations of the cycles of sulphur and Rn-222 Pb-210 conforming to the experimental design, (iii) assemblage of the best available observations of atmospheric SO4=, SO2 and MSA and (iv) a workshop in Halifax, Canada to analyze model performance and future model development needs. The analysis presented in this paper and two companion papers by Roelofs, and Lohmann and co-workers examines the variance between models and observations. discusses the sources of that variance and suggests ways to improve models. Variations between models in the export of SOx from Europe or North America are not sufficient to explain an order of magnitude variation in spatial distributions of SOx downwind in the northern hemisphere. On average, models predicted surface level seasonal mean SO4= aerosol mixing ratios better (most within 20%) than SO2 mixing ratios (over-prediction by factors of 2 or more). Results suggest that vertical mixing from the planetary boundary layer into the free troposphere in source regions is a major source of uncertainty in predicting the global distribution of SO aerosols in climate models today. For improvement. it is essential that globally coordinated research efforts continue to address emissions of all atmospheric species that affect the distribution and optical properties of ambient aerosols in models and that a global network of observations be established that will ultimately produce a world aerosol chemistry climatology. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. E Giant Sci & Technol Inc, Toronto, ON M2J 4N3, Canada. Environm Canada, Climate & Atmospher Sci Directorate, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys, Atmospher Sci Program, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada. Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC USA. Univ Utrecht, IMAU, Utrecht, Netherlands. European Commiss Environm Inst, Ispra, Italy. Univ Coll Dublin, Dept Expt Phys, Dublin 2, Ireland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, Grenoble, France. Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. Univ Miami, Miami, FL 33152 USA. SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Livermore, CA USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Natl Environm Res Inst, Roskilde, Denmark. Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Hamburg, Germany. Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, KNMI, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands. Univ Stockholm, Dept Meteorol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Goddard Inst Space Studies, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Barrie, LA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Kasibhatla, Prasad/A-2574-2010; Bergmann, Daniel/F-9801-2011; Christensen, Jesper /E-9524-2011; Chin, Mian/J-8354-2012; Lohmann, Ulrike/B-6153-2009 OI Bergmann, Daniel/0000-0003-4357-6301; Prospero, Joseph/0000-0003-3608-6160; Kasibhatla, Prasad/0000-0003-3562-3737; Kjellstrom, Erik/0000-0002-6495-1038; Christensen, Jesper /0000-0002-6741-5839; Lohmann, Ulrike/0000-0001-8885-3785 NR 31 TC 78 Z9 81 U1 3 U2 18 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0280-6509 J9 TELLUS B JI Tellus Ser. B-Chem. Phys. Meteorol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 BP 615 EP 645 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0889.2001.530507.x PG 31 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 492ZN UT WOS:000172197600006 ER PT J AU Lohmann, U Leaitch, WR Barrie, L Law, K Yi, Y Bergmann, D Bridgeman, C Chin, M Christensen, J Easter, R Feichter, J Jeuken, A Kjellstrom, E Koch, D Rasch, P Roelofs, GJ AF Lohmann, U Leaitch, WR Barrie, L Law, K Yi, Y Bergmann, D Bridgeman, C Chin, M Christensen, J Easter, R Feichter, J Jeuken, A Kjellstrom, E Koch, D Rasch, P Roelofs, GJ TI Vertical distributions of sulfur species simulated by large scale atmospheric models in COSAM: Comparison with observations SO TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL; DRY DEPOSITION; CYCLE; TRANSPORT; VALIDATION; CHEMISTRY; CLOUDS; OXIDES; GASES AB A comparison of large-scale models simulating atmospheric sulfate aerosols (COSAM) was conducted to increase Our understanding of global distributions of sulfate aerosols and precursors. Earlier model comparisons focused on wet deposition measurements and sulfate aerosol concentrations in source regions at the surface. They found that different models simulated the Observed Sulfate surface concentrations mostly within a factor of two. but that the simulated column burdens and vertical profiles were very different amongst different models. In the COSAM exercise. one aspect is the comparison Of sulfate aerosol and precursor gases above the surface. Vertical profiles of SO2, SO42-, oxidants and cloud properties were measured by aircraft during the North Atlantic Regional Experiment (NARE) experiment in August September 1993 off the coast of Nova Scotia and during the Second Eulerian Model Evaluation Field Study (EMEFSII), in central Ontario in March April 1990. While no single model stands Out as being best or worst, the general tendency is that those models simulating the full oxidant chemistry tend to agree best with observations although differences in transport and treatment Of Clouds are important as well. C1 Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys, Atmospher Sci Program, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada. Meteorol Serv Canada, Downsview, ON, Canada. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Livermore, CA USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Natl Environm Res Inst, Roskilde, Denmark. Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Hamburg, Germany. Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, KNMI, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands. Stockholm Univ, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. Univ Utrecht, Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Utrecht IMAU, Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Lohmann, U (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys, Atmospher Sci Program, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada. RI Bergmann, Daniel/F-9801-2011; Christensen, Jesper /E-9524-2011; Chin, Mian/J-8354-2012; Lohmann, Ulrike/B-6153-2009; OI Bergmann, Daniel/0000-0003-4357-6301; Christensen, Jesper /0000-0002-6741-5839; Lohmann, Ulrike/0000-0001-8885-3785; Kjellstrom, Erik/0000-0002-6495-1038 NR 32 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0280-6509 J9 TELLUS B JI Tellus Ser. B-Chem. Phys. Meteorol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 BP 646 EP 672 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0889.2001.530508.x PG 27 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 492ZN UT WOS:000172197600007 ER PT J AU Roelofs, GJ Kasibhatla, P Barrie, L Bergmann, D Bridgeman, C Chin, M Christensen, J Easter, R Feichter, J Jeuken, A Kjellstrom, E Koch, D Land, C Lohmann, U Rasch, P AF Roelofs, GJ Kasibhatla, P Barrie, L Bergmann, D Bridgeman, C Chin, M Christensen, J Easter, R Feichter, J Jeuken, A Kjellstrom, E Koch, D Land, C Lohmann, U Rasch, P TI Analysis of regional budgets of sulfur species modeled for the COSAM exercise SO TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; SULFATE AEROSOLS; CLIMATE MODEL; CYCLE; SIMULATION; TRANSPORT; ALBEDO; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; SENSITIVITY; TROPOSPHERE AB The COSAM intercomparison exercise (comparison of large-scale sulfur models) was organized to compare and evaluate the performance of global sulfur cycle models. Eleven models participated. and from these models the simulated surface concentrations, vertical profiles and budget terms were submitted. This study focuses on simulated budget terms for the sources and sinks of SO2 and sulfate in three polluted regions in the Northern Hemisphere. i.e., eastern North America, Europe, and Southeast Asia. Qualitatively, features of the sulfur cycle are modeled quite consistently between models, such as the relative importance of dry deposition as a removal mechanism for SO2, the importance of aqueous phase oxidation over gas phase oxidation for SO2, and the importance of wet over dry deposition for removal of sulfate aerosol. Quantitatively, however, models may show large differences. especially for cloud-related processes, i.e., aqueous phase oxidation Of SO2 and sulfate wet deposition, In some cases a specific behavior can be related to the treatment of oxidants for aqueous phase SO2 oxidation, or the vertical resolution applied in models. Generally, however, the differences between models appear to be related to simulated cloud (micro-)physics and distributions, whereas differences in vertical transport efficiencies related to convection play an additional role. The estimated sulfur column burdens. lifetimes and export budgets vary between models by about a factor of 2 or 3. It can be expected that uncertainties in related effects which are derived from global sulfur model calculations. such as direct and indirect climate forcing estimates by sulfate aerosol, are at least of similar magnitude. C1 Univ Utrecht, Inst Marine & Atmospher Res Utrecht, IMAU, Utrecht, Netherlands. Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Natl Environm Res Inst, Roskilde, Denmark. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Hamburg, Germany. Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, KNMI, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands. Stockholm Univ, Dept Meteorol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. Dalhousie Univ, Atmospher Sci Program, Halifax, NS, Canada. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Roelofs, GJ (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Inst Marine & Atmospher Res Utrecht, IMAU, Utrecht, Netherlands. RI Kasibhatla, Prasad/A-2574-2010; Bergmann, Daniel/F-9801-2011; Christensen, Jesper /E-9524-2011; Chin, Mian/J-8354-2012; Lohmann, Ulrike/B-6153-2009; OI Bergmann, Daniel/0000-0003-4357-6301; Christensen, Jesper /0000-0002-6741-5839; Lohmann, Ulrike/0000-0001-8885-3785; Kasibhatla, Prasad/0000-0003-3562-3737; Kjellstrom, Erik/0000-0002-6495-1038 NR 31 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 5 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0280-6509 J9 TELLUS B JI Tellus Ser. B-Chem. Phys. Meteorol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 BP 673 EP 694 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0889.2001.530509.x PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 492ZN UT WOS:000172197600008 ER PT J AU Windisch, CF Exarhos, GJ Ferris, KF Engelhard, MH Stewart, DC AF Windisch, CF Exarhos, GJ Ferris, KF Engelhard, MH Stewart, DC TI Infrared transparent spinel films with p-type conductivity SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 30-MAY 05, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP AVS Sci & Technol Soc, Adv Surface Engn Div DE coatings; colbalt oxide; electrical properties and measurements; infared spectroscopy; inorganic compounds; nickel oxide; optical coatings; optical properties; optical spectroscopy; optoelectronic devices; Raman scattering; resistivity; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) ID SURFACE-COMPOSITION; X-RAY; COBALT; SPECTROSCOPIES; NICO2O4; OXIDES AB Spinet oxide films containing at least two transition metal cations were found to exhibit p-type conductivity with high optical transparency from the visible to wavelengths near 15 mum. Resistivities as low as 0.003 Omega cm were measured on 100-nm thick rf sputter deposited films that contained nickel and cobalt. Optical spectra, Raman scattering and XPS measurements indicated the valency of nickel localized on octahedral sites within the spinet lattice determines these properties. A resistivity minimum was found at the composition NiCo2O4 deposited from aqueous or alcoholic solutions followed by subsequent annealing at 400 degreesC in air. Solution deposited films richer in nickel than this stoichiometry, were always found to phase separate into nickel oxide and a spinet phase with concomitant loss in conductivity. However, the phase stability region could be extended to higher nickel contents when rf-sputter deposition techniques were used. Sputter deposited spinet films having a cobalt to nickel ratio < 2 were found to exhibit the highest conductivity. Results suggest that the phase stability region for these materials can be extended through appropriate choice of deposition conditions. A possible mechanism that promotes high conductivity in this system is thought to be charge transfer between the resident di- and trivalent cations that may be assisted by the magnetic nature of the oxide film. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Windisch, CF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; OI Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 13 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 5 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 398 BP 45 EP 52 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(01)01302-5 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 505GZ UT WOS:000172906200009 ER PT J AU Feng, B Cao, DM Meng, WJ Rehn, LE Baldo, PM Doll, GL AF Feng, B Cao, DM Meng, WJ Rehn, LE Baldo, PM Doll, GL TI Probing for mechanical and tribological anomalies in the TiC/amorphous hydrocarbon nanocomposite coating system SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 30-MAY 05, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP AVS Sci & Technol Soc, Adv Surface Engn Div DE ceramic nanocomposite; mechanical properties; tribological characteristics ID PLASMA-ASSISTED DEPOSITION; CARBON COATINGS; FILMS AB We have performed a detailed examination of the mechanical properties and the friction and wear characteristics of titanium-containing amorphous hydrocarbon (Ti-C:H) coatings as a function of the Ti composition from 0 to 45 at.%. Elastic modulus and hardness were measured with instrumented nanoindentation. Friction coefficient and coating wear rate during unlubricated sliding against WC-Co in a ball-on-disk configuration were also measured. Deposited by inductively coupled plasma (ICP)assisted hybrid chemical vapor deposition/physical vapor deposition (CVD/PVD), these Ti-C:H coatings consist of nanocrystalline TiC clusters embedded in an a-C:H matrix, and are thin film TiC/amorphous hydrocarbon (a-C:H) nanocomposite materials. As the Ti composition increases, the elastic modulus and hardness of the coatings exhibit smooth variations. In contrast, relatively abrupt transitions occur in the friction coefficient and the wear rate of the coatings over a relatively narrow (20-30 at.%) Ti composition range. Our results indicate bimodal friction and wear behaviors for the TiC/a-C:I-I nanocomposites, a-CH-like at Ti compositions below 20%, and TiC-like at Ti compositions above 30%. Our results indicate that two different coating wear mechanisms operate as the volume fraction of nanocrystalline TiC clusters changes. Over the entire range of Ti compositions examined, no anomalous changes in elastic modulus or hardness of the Ti-C:H coatings were observed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Timken Co, Timken Res, Canton, OH 44706 USA. RP Meng, WJ (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 2508 CEBA Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RI Cao, Dongmei/A-2481-2010 NR 29 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 398 BP 210 EP 216 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(01)01427-4 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 505GZ UT WOS:000172906200036 ER PT J AU Herbert, EG Pharr, GM Oliver, WC Lucas, BN Hay, JL AF Herbert, EG Pharr, GM Oliver, WC Lucas, BN Hay, JL TI On the measurement of stress-strain curves by spherical indentation SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 30-MAY 05, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP AVS Sci & Technol Soc, Adv Surface Engn Div DE nanoindentation; spherical; indentation; stress and strain measurements ID ELASTIC-MODULUS AB It has been proposed that with the appropriate models, instrumented indentation test (IIT) data can be reduced to yield the uniaxial stress-strain behavior of the test material. However, very little work has been done to directly compare the results from uniaxial tension and spherical indentation experiments. In this work, indentation and uniaxial tension experiments have been performed on the aluminum alloy 6061-T6. The purpose of these experiments was to specifically explore the accuracy with which the analytical models can be applied to IIT data to predict the uniaxial stress-strain behavior of the aluminum alloy. Despite not being able to reproduce the physical shape of the uniaxial stress-strain curve, the results do indicate that spherical indentation can be successfully used to establish an engineering estimate of the elastic modulus and yield strength of 6061-T6. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved. C1 MTS Nano Instruments Innovat Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. ORNL, Knoxville, TN USA. MTS Nano Instruments Innovat Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Fast Forward Devices, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Herbert, EG (reprint author), MTS Nano Instruments Innovat Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 6 TC 135 Z9 138 U1 5 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 398 BP 331 EP 335 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(01)01439-0 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 505GZ UT WOS:000172906200057 ER PT J AU Wagner, T Marien, J Duscher, G AF Wagner, T Marien, J Duscher, G TI Cu, Nb and V on (110) TiO2 (rutile): epitaxy and chemical reactions SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 30-MAY 05, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP AVS Sci & Technol Soc, Adv Surface Engn Div DE molecular beam epitaxy; metal-oxide interfaces; transmission electron microscopy; electron energy loss spectrometry ID METAL-CERAMIC INTERFACES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; TIO2(110)-(1 X-2); OXIDE SURFACES; ULTRATHIN CU; FILMS; GROWTH; VANADIUM; (222)MGO/CU; OVERLAYERS AB Thin metal films on oxide substrates are used in a variety of technological applications including microelectronic devices, catalysts and sensors. Ideally, the films should have low defect densities. This prerequisite can often be fulfilled by growing epitaxial films. Recently, epitaxial films have received a great deal of attention for fundamental studies of the structure and bonding of heterophase interfaces. In this paper, fundamental investigations of the interface formation for MBE deposited metals (Cu, Nb, V) on TiO2 single crystals (rutile) will be presented. The structure and chemical composition of the metal/oxide interfaces were determined by a variety of surface science and transmission electron microscopy methods. We conclude on general trends, which allow the prediction of the growth behavior of metals on oxides as a function of processing and material parameters. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved. C1 Max Planck Inst Met Res, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wagner, T (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Met Res, Seestr 92, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany. RI Duscher, Gerd/G-1730-2014 OI Duscher, Gerd/0000-0002-2039-548X NR 43 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 398 BP 419 EP 426 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(01)01351-7 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 505GZ UT WOS:000172906200071 ER PT J AU Jankowski, AF Hayes, JP Morse, JD AF Jankowski, AF Hayes, JP Morse, JD TI Chambered capsule coatings SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 30-MAY 05, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP AVS Sci & Technol Soc, Adv Surface Engn Div DE magnetron sputter deposition; ultrasonic levitation; inertial confinement fusion; coating spheres AB The sputter deposition of coatings onto polymer capsules is accomplished using a chambered substrate platform for qualitative comparison to a conventional, open bounce pan configuration. Metals are sputter deposited through an aperture onto a 1-2 mm diameter, hollow polymer sphere within a chamber that is 2-4 times the volume of the capsule. Two methods are assessed in a proof-of-principle demonstration to produce a random bounce of the capsules within each chamber in order to produce a coating with uniform thickness. The first is by ultrasonic vibration and the second through pulsed-gas levitation. Optical cross-sections of aluminum and nickel coated capsules prepared using the ultrasonic drive and pulsed-gas levitation, respectively, show that uniform coatings can be produced using a chambered substrate platform. For the examples of 1-2 mum aluminum and nickel coatings, the thickness variation is less than 30 nm. Potential advantages of the chambered approach include improved sample yield, reduced surface roughness, and waste minimization. For one example of an aluminum coating, the chambered configuration reduces the surface roughness by 300% in comparison to the open bounce pan. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Jankowski, AF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 398 BP 587 EP 590 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(01)01323-2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 505GZ UT WOS:000172906200101 ER PT J AU Gold, LS Manley, NB Slone, TH Ward, JM AF Gold, LS Manley, NB Slone, TH Ward, JM TI Compendium of chemical carcinogens by target organ: Results of chronic bioassays in rats, mice, hamsters, dogs, and monkeys SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE human carcinogen; tumor site; animal cancer test; Carcinogenic Potency Database; species comparisons; mutagenicity; monkeys ID POTENCY DATABASE; PROGRAM; RISK AB Acompendium of carcinogenesis bioassay results organized by target organ is presented for 738 chemicals that are carcinogenic in chronic-exposure, long-term bioassays in at least 1 species. This compendium is based primarily on experiments in rats or mice; results in hamsters, monkeys, and dogs are also reported. The compendium can be used to identify chemicals that induce tumors at particular sites and to determine whether target sites are the same for chemicals positive in more than 1 species. The source of information is the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB), which includes results of 6073 experiments on 1458 chemicals (positive or negative for carcinogenicity) that have been reported in Technical Reports of the National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program or in papers in the general published literature. The published CPDB includes detailed analyses of each test and citations. The CPDB is publicly available in several formats (http://potency.berkeley.edu). Chemical carcinogens are reported for 35 different target organs in rats or mice. Target organs in humans are also summarized for 82 agents that have been evaluated as human carcinogens at a particular target site by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Comparisons are provided of target organs for mutagens versus nonmutagens and rats versus mice. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Vet & Tumor Pathol Sect, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Gold, LS (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Mail Stop 946, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ESO1896] NR 17 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 3 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 29 IS 6 BP 639 EP 652 DI 10.1080/019262301753385979 PG 14 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 558DW UT WOS:000175951900007 PM 11794380 ER PT J AU Martin, EA Gaskell, M Boocock, DJ Turteltaub, KW Brown, K Al-Azzawi, F White, INH AF Martin, EA Gaskell, M Boocock, DJ Turteltaub, KW Brown, K Al-Azzawi, F White, INH TI Detection of tamoxifen DNA and protein adducts in humans and rats using the sensitive technique of accelerator mass spectrometry SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MRC, Toxicol Unit, Leicester LE1 9HN, Leics, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Leicester Royal Infirm, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Leicester LE1 5WW, Leics, England. RI Boocock, David/I-4666-2015 OI Boocock, David/0000-0002-7333-3549 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 168 IS 1 SI SI BP 90 EP 91 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 491TK UT WOS:000172125000069 ER PT J AU McLuckie, KIE Routledge, MN Brown, K Heydon, RT Farmer, PB Roberts, GCK Martin, EA AF McLuckie, KIE Routledge, MN Brown, K Heydon, RT Farmer, PB Roberts, GCK Martin, EA TI Induction of mutations in the pSP189 SupF gene by alpha-acetoxytamoxifen SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID DNA-ADDUCTS; TAMOXIFEN C1 MRC, Toxicol Unit, Leicester, Leics, England. Univ Leeds, Mol Epidemiol Unit, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Leicester, NMR Ctr, Leicester, Leics, England. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD NOV 1 PY 2001 VL 168 IS 1 SI SI BP 94 EP 95 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 491TK UT WOS:000172125000072 ER PT J AU Holtom, GR Thrall, BD Chin, BY Wiley, HS Colson, SD AF Holtom, GR Thrall, BD Chin, BY Wiley, HS Colson, SD TI Achieving molecular selectivity in imaging using multiphoton Raman spectroscopy techniques SO TRAFFIC LA English DT Review DE CARS; confocal; deuterium; lipid trafficking; multimodal; multiphoton; multispectral; Raman scattering; vibrational ID SPECTRAL PROPERTIES; LIVING CELLS; SCATTERING; GENERATION; MICROSCOPY; ANALOG AB In the case of most optical imaging methods, contrast is generated either by physical properties of the sample (Differential Image Contrast, Phase Contrast), or by fluorescent labels that are localized to a particular protein or organelle. Standard Raman and infrared methods for obtaining images are based upon the intrinsic vibrational properties of molecules, and thus obviate the need for attached fluorophores. Unfortunately, they have significant limitations for live-cell imaging. However, an active Raman method, called Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS), is well suited for microscopy, and provides a new means for imaging specific molecules. Vibrational imaging techniques, such as CARS, avoid problems associated with photobleaching and photo-induced toxicity often associated with the use of fluorescent labels with live cells. Because the laser configuration needed to implement CARS technology is similar to that used in other multiphoton microscopy methods, such as two-photon fluorescence and harmonic generation, it is possible to combine imaging modalities, thus generating simultaneous CARS and fluorescence images. A particularly powerful aspect of CARS microscopy is its ability to selectively image deuterated compounds, thus allowing the visualization of molecules, such as lipids, that are chemically indistinguishable from the native species. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Holtom, GR (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. OI Wiley, Steven/0000-0003-0232-6867 NR 22 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 7 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1398-9219 J9 TRAFFIC JI Traffic PD NOV PY 2001 VL 2 IS 11 BP 781 EP 788 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0854.2001.21106.x PG 8 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 489PJ UT WOS:000171999900005 PM 11733044 ER PT J AU Kandl, KL AF Kandl, KL TI Effects of inbreeding and salinity stress on population dynamics of eastern mosquitofish SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GAMBUSIA-AFFINIS BAIRD; CONSERVATION BIOLOGY; FRESH-WATER; LAKE TROUT; DEPRESSION; RESPONSES; GIRARD; FISH; ENVIRONMENT; TOLERANCE AB This study examines the effects of inbreeding, environmental (salinity) stress, and their interaction on the population dynamics of the eastern mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki. I reared mosquitofish having one of three levels of inbreeding (f = 0, 0.125, and 0.25) in artificial ponds containing either 0 parts per thousand or 6.5 parts per thousand salinity. Populations in the 6.5 parts per thousand treatments were characterized by significantly lower growth rates, smaller Population sizes, smaller juveniles, larger females, and fewer juveniles relative to adults than populations in the 0 parts per thousand treatments. The level of inbreeding did not affect population size or growth rate in either salinity treatment, In the 0 parts per thousand treatments, there were significantly fewer females and significantly more males and juveniles in the most inbred group (f = 0.25) compared with the group of unrelated individuals. These results suggest that inbreeding effects at the population level may be a relatively minor concern for some organisms. Small, isolated populations or those with low fecundity and survival rates may be more susceptible to inbreeding. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Kandl, KL (reprint author), Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. EM kkandl@uno.edu NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 130 IS 6 BP 1224 EP 1232 DI 10.1577/1548-8659(2001)130<1224:EOIASS>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 502HP UT WOS:000172738200018 ER PT J AU Campisi, J AF Campisi, J TI Cellular senescence as a tumor-suppressor mechanism SO TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID REPLICATIVE SENESCENCE; PREMATURE SENESCENCE; HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; ONCOGENIC RAS; LIFE-SPAN; P53; IMMORTALIZATION; EXPRESSION; TELOMERASE; INHIBITORS AB Organisms with renewable tissues had to evolve mechanisms to prevent the development of cancer. One such mechanism is cellular senescence, which irreversibly arrests the growth of cells at risk for neoplastic transformation. Recent findings have revealed the complexities of the senescence phenotype and unexpected possible consequences for the organism. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Campisi, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 31 TC 313 Z9 332 U1 3 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0962-8924 J9 TRENDS CELL BIOL JI Trends Cell Biol. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 11 IS 11 BP S27 EP S31 DI 10.1016/S0962-8924(01)02151-1 PG 5 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 486WD UT WOS:000171839200022 PM 11684439 ER PT J AU Spence, JCH Howells, M Marks, LD Miao, J AF Spence, JCH Howells, M Marks, LD Miao, J TI Lensless imaging: A workshop on "new approaches to the phase problem for non-periodic objects" SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE lensless imaging; phase problem; non-periodic objects AB Over the past two decades, theoretical tools and algorithms have been developed which, under not very restrictive conditions, allow the reconstruction of images from diffraction patterns of non-periodic objects. These methods promise lensless imaging for any radiation, free of aberrations, with wavelength-limited resolution. Recent experimental successes prompted an interdisciplinary international workshop on this topic at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, on May 17-19 2001, supported by the DOE, LBL and the Advanced Light Source. Our aim was to review the field, and to stimulate communication between the Signal Recovery, Coherent Optics, X-ray, Electron Microscopy and Applied Mathematics communities. The results are summarized in this paper and on the web. A second workshop is planned for 2003. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Spence, JCH (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RI Marks, Laurence/B-7527-2009 NR 1 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD NOV PY 2001 VL 90 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(01)00128-0 PG 6 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 508KF UT WOS:000173086700001 PM 11794624 ER PT J AU O'Keefe, MA Hetherington, CJD Wang, YC Nelson, EC Turner, JH Kisielowski, C Malm, JO Mueller, R Ringnalda, J Pan, M Thust, A AF O'Keefe, MA Hetherington, CJD Wang, YC Nelson, EC Turner, JH Kisielowski, C Malm, JO Mueller, R Ringnalda, J Pan, M Thust, A TI Sub-Angstrom high-resolution transmission electron microscopy at 300 keV. SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE HRTEM; contrast transfer theory; TEM characterization; exit-wave reconstruction ID SPHERICAL-ABERRATION; IMAGES; RECONSTRUCTION; HRTEM; FOCUS; TEM; ILLUMINATION; SIMULATION; KV AB Sub-(A) over circle ngstrom transmission electron microscopy has been achieved at the National Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM) by a one-(A) over circle ngstrom microscope (OAM) project using software and enhanced hardware developed within a Brite-Euram project (Ultramicroscopy 64 (1996) 1). The NCEM O (A) over circleM provides materials scientists with transmission electron microscopy at a resolution better than 1 Angstrom by using extensive image reconstruction to exploit the significantly higher information limit of an FEG-TEM over its Scherzer resolution limit. Reconstruction methods chosen used off-axis holograms and focal series of underfocused images. Measured values of coherence parameters predict an information limit of 0.78 Angstrom. Images from a [110] diamond test specimen show that sub-Angstrom resolution of 0.89 Angstrom has been achieved with the OAM using focal series reconstruction. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Oxford OX1 3PH, England. FEI Co, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. Lund Univ, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Gatan Inc, Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP O'Keefe, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 72, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM maok@lbl.gov RI Thust, Andreas/K-5856-2013 OI Thust, Andreas/0000-0001-6416-7617 NR 53 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 7 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD NOV PY 2001 VL 89 IS 4 BP 215 EP 241 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(01)00094-8 PG 27 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 501DF UT WOS:000172667000001 PM 11766980 ER PT J AU Kisielowski, C Hetherington, CJD Wang, YC Kilaas, R O'Keefe, MA Thust, A AF Kisielowski, C Hetherington, CJD Wang, YC Kilaas, R O'Keefe, MA Thust, A TI Imaging columns of the light elements carbon, nitrogen and oxygen with sub Angstrom resolution SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; PHASE-RETRIEVAL; SERIES RECONSTRUCTION; FOCUS-VARIATION; CCD CAMERAS; CRYSTALS; HRTEM; DEPOSITION; DIAMOND; LIMIT AB It is reported that lattice imaging with a 300 kV field emission microscope in combination with numerical reconstruction procedures can be used to reach an interpretable resolution of about 80 pm for the first time. A retrieval of the electron exit wave from focal series allows for the resolution of single atomic columns of the light elements carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen at a projected nearest neighbor spacing down to 85 pm. Lens aberrations are corrected on-line during the experiment and by hardware such that resulting image distortions are below 80 pm. Consequently, the imaging can be aberration-free to this extent. The resolution enhancement results from increased electrical and mechanical stability of the instrument coupled with a low spherical aberration coefficient of 0.595 + 0.005 mm. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Oxford OX1 3PH, England. FEI Co, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-5242 Julich, Germany. RP Kisielowski, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Div Sci Mat, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cfkisielowsk@lbl.gov RI Thust, Andreas/K-5856-2013 OI Thust, Andreas/0000-0001-6416-7617 NR 51 TC 100 Z9 105 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD NOV PY 2001 VL 89 IS 4 BP 243 EP 263 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(01)00090-0 PG 21 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 501DF UT WOS:000172667000002 PM 11766981 ER PT J AU Zhang, PF Johnson, WP Scheibe, TD Choi, KH Dobbs, FC Mailloux, BJ AF Zhang, PF Johnson, WP Scheibe, TD Choi, KH Dobbs, FC Mailloux, BJ TI Extended tailing of bacteria following breakthrough at the Narrow Channel focus area, Oyster, Virginia SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CONTAMINATED SANDY AQUIFER; POROUS-MEDIA; COLLOID TRANSPORT; BED FILTRATION; MODEL; GROUNDWATER; RATES; COLUMNS; MICROORGANISMS; HETEROGENEITY AB Extended tailing of low bacterial concentrations following breakthrough at the Narrow Channel focus area was observed for 4 months. Bacterial attachment and detachment kinetics associated with breakthrough and extended tailing were determined by fitting a one-dimensional transport model to the field breakthrough-tailing data. Spatial variations in attachment rate coefficient (k(f)) were observed under forced gradient conditions (i.e., k(f) decreased as travel, distance increased), possibly because of decreased bacterial adhesion with increased transport distance. When pore water velocity decreased by an order of magnitude at 9 days following injection, apparent bacterial attachment rate coefficients did not decrease with velocity as expected from filtration theory, but, instead, increased greatly for most of the wells. The coincidence of the increase in apparent attachment rate coefficient with the occurrence of protist blooms suggested-that the loss of bacteria from the aqueous phase during the protist blooms was not governed by filtration but rather was governed by predation. Simulations were performed to examine the transport distances achieved with and without detachment, using attachment and detachment rate coefficients similar to those obtained in this field study. Simulations that included detachment showed that transport distances of bacteria may significantly increase because of detachment under the conditions examined. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth & Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, PF (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RI Scheibe, Timothy/A-8788-2008; Johnson, William/G-7733-2011; Zhang, Pengfei/C-2264-2013 OI Scheibe, Timothy/0000-0002-8864-5772; Zhang, Pengfei/0000-0002-1765-5965 NR 50 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 37 IS 11 BP 2687 EP 2698 DI 10.1029/2000WR000151 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 485KY UT WOS:000171754600005 ER PT J AU Ferrell, TL Britton, CL Bryan, WL Clonts, LG Emery, MS Ericson, N Merraudeau, F Morrison, W Passian, A Smith, SF Threatt, TD Turner, GW Wintenberg, AL AF Ferrell, TL Britton, CL Bryan, WL Clonts, LG Emery, MS Ericson, N Merraudeau, F Morrison, W Passian, A Smith, SF Threatt, TD Turner, GW Wintenberg, AL TI Telesensor integrated circuits SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article AB Progress in personal computing has recently permitted small research programs to design and simulate application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). Inexpensive fabrication of silicon chips can then be obtained using chip foundries, and quite complex circuits can be greatly reduced in size with an accompanying increase in certain performance characteristics. Within the past 5 years it has also become possible to design ASICs which can transmit and receive radio signals and which thus may be employed in applications in which wired connections for input and output of signals are not practicable. We are currently developing research-grade prototype ASICs for the monitoring of human vital signs. In this case one or more sensors placed on an ASIC provides a signal to be transmitted a distance of 2-3 meters to a receiver/display unit. The use of ASIC telesensors provides the possibility of wireless monitoring, including long-term monitoring, with inexpensive and unencumbering devices. Their self-contained nature permits a number of potential uses in future biomedical applications as new sensors are devised which are amenable to deployment on silicon. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ferrell, TL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6123,Bldg 4500S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM f44@ornl.gov RI Ericson, Milton/H-9880-2016 OI Ericson, Milton/0000-0002-6628-4865 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-2313 J9 WORLD J SURG JI World J.Surg. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 25 IS 11 BP 1412 EP 1418 DI 10.1007/s00268-001-0126-0 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 494ZY UT WOS:000172316800012 PM 11760745 ER PT J AU Ryon, RW AF Ryon, RW TI The transistor and energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry: roots and milestones in x-ray analysis SO X-RAY SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT European Conference on EDXRS CY JUN 18-23, 2000 CL KRAKOW, POLAND ID CAPILLARY OPTICS; DETECTOR; RADIATION; FLUORESCENCE; PERFORMANCE; REGION; EDXRF AB The story of energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry was preceded by a long evolutionary history of solid-state physics and semiconductor electronics. The beginning may be said to have been with the recognition of the special properties of rectifying crystals. We follow this story from its roots through recent innovations that point the way to the future of this method of chemical analysis. Published in 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Ryon, RW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,Mail Stop L-231, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 72 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0049-8246 J9 X-RAY SPECTROM JI X-Ray Spectrom. PD NOV-DEC PY 2001 VL 30 IS 6 BP 361 EP 372 DI 10.1002/xrs.511 PG 12 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 495NT UT WOS:000172347800002 ER PT J AU Kaneko, T Nakamura, Y Wolk, CP Kuritz, T Sasamoto, S Watanabe, A Iriguchi, M Ishikawa, A Kawashima, K Kimura, T Kishida, Y Kohara, M Matsumoto, M Matsuno, A Muraki, A Nakazaki, N Shimpo, S Sugimoto, M Takazawa, M Yamada, M Yasuda, M Tabata, S AF Kaneko, T Nakamura, Y Wolk, CP Kuritz, T Sasamoto, S Watanabe, A Iriguchi, M Ishikawa, A Kawashima, K Kimura, T Kishida, Y Kohara, M Matsumoto, M Matsuno, A Muraki, A Nakazaki, N Shimpo, S Sugimoto, M Takazawa, M Yamada, M Yasuda, M Tabata, S TI Complete genomic sequence of the filamentous nitrogen-fixing Cyanobacterium anabaena sp strain PCC 7120 SO DNA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Anabaena sp strain PCC 7120; genomic sequencing; heterocyst; nitrogen fixation ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; BLUE-GREEN-ALGA; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; ANACYSTIS-NIDULANS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PCC-7120; PROTEIN; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; FIXATION AB The nucleotide sequence of the entire genome of a filamentous cyanobacterium, Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, was determined. The genome of Anabaena consisted of a single chromosome (6,413,771 bp) and six plasmids, designated pCC7120 alpha (408,101 bp), pCC7120 beta (186,614 bp), pCC7120 gamma (101,965 bp), pCC7120 delta (55,414 bp), pCC7120 epsilon (40,340 bp), and pCC7120 zeta (5,584 bp). The chromosome bears 5368 potential protein-encoding genes, four sets of rRNA genes, 48 tRNA genes representing 42 tRNA species, and 4 genes for small structural RNAs. The predicted products of 45% of the potential protein-encoding genes showed sequence similarity to known and predicted proteins of known function, and 27% to translated products of hypothetical genes. The remaining 28% lacked significant similarity to genes for known and predicted proteins in the public DNA databases. More than 60 genes involved in various processes of heterocyst formation and nitrogen fixation were assigned to the chromosome based on their similarity to the reported genes. One hundred and ninety-five genes coding for components of two-component signal transduction systems, nearly 2.5 times as many as those in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, were identified on the chromosome. Only 37% of the Anabaena genes showed significant sequence similarity to those of Synechocystis, indicating a high degree of divergence of the gene information between the two cyanobacterial strains. C1 Kazusa DNA Res Inst, Chiba 2920812, Japan. Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Tabata, S (reprint author), Kazusa DNA Res Inst, 1532-3 Yana, Chiba 2920812, Japan. OI Nakamura, Yasukazu/0000-0002-6782-5715 NR 40 TC 471 Z9 1207 U1 5 U2 41 PU UNIVERSAL ACADEMY PRESS INC PI TOKYO PA ORDER DEPT., C P O BOX 235, TOKYO, 100-8691, JAPAN SN 1340-2838 J9 DNA RES JI DNA Res. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 8 IS 5 BP 205 EP 213 DI 10.1093/dnares/8.5.205 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 497KL UT WOS:000172454400002 PM 11759840 ER PT J AU Liu, HH Bodvarsson, GS AF Liu, HH Bodvarsson, GS TI Constitutive relations for unsaturated flow in a fracture network SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE unsaturated flow; fractures; constitutive relations; vadose zone hydrology ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; MODEL; MEDIA; ROCKS AB Modeling water flow in unsaturated fractured rocks is of interest to many areas of active research, including geological disposal of nuclear waste and subsurface contaminant transport. A commonly used approach for modeling water flow in unsaturated fractured rocks is the continuum approach, in which the constitutive relation models, originally developed for porous media. have often been borrowed to represent constitutive relations for the fracture continuum. While these models have been successfully used for soils and other porous media, their usefulness and limitations have not been investigated for the fracture continuum. The objectives of this study are: (1) to present an evaluation of the commonly used van Genuchten (VG) and Brooks-Corey models by mainly comparing these models with constitutive relations simulated from two-dimensional fracture networks, and (2) to develop improved constitutive relation models based on the evaluation results. We find that the VG model can reasonably well match the simulated water retention curves (except for a range of high saturations), but both the VG and Brooks-Corey models generally underestimate relative permeability values. Simulation results also indicate that a combination of a modified Brooks-Corey relative permeability-saturation relation (obtained by introducing a new expression for tortuosity) and the VG capillary pressure-saturation relation can generally represent the simulated curves, with no additional parameters for this combination needed other than those used in the VG model. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liu, HH (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 27 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 252 IS 1-4 BP 116 EP 125 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00449-8 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 469VQ UT WOS:000170837100008 ER PT J AU Sullivan, AB Drever, JI AF Sullivan, AB Drever, JI TI Spatiotemporal variability in stream chemistry in a high-elevation catchment affected by mine drainage SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE acid mine drainage; trace metals; streams; water quality; hydrochemistry ID ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; DIURNAL-VARIATIONS; NATURAL-WATERS; DIEL VARIATION; ALPINE BASIN; IRON; TEMPERATURE; CALIFORNIA; COLORADO; ALUMINUM AB This study examined solute dynamics on both spatial and temporal (seasonal, 24 h) scales in a high-elevation stream affected by drainage from abandoned metal mines. Peru Creek is located along the Continental Divide in the US Rocky Mountains, and the hydrologic cycle is dominated by melting of snow. Spatially, tributary inflows produced order-of-magnitude concentration changes along Peru Creek; these were due to dilution and concentration, and also to precipitation of solids. Seasonally, the concentration of most solutes increased as snowmelt diminished. Concentrations of Al, Fe. Cu and Zn, at times affected by instream processes, increased the most, by factors of 2.1-12.8. Ca, Mg, and SO42-, which approximated conservative behavior, increased by factors of 1.7-2.2. Si, Na and K, which were unaffected by mine drainage, increased less, by factors of 1.1-1.6. Concentrations of NO3- decreased slightly during the snowmelt season. Hydrologic, photochemical and biological processes were active on the 24 It timescale and produced daily concentration variations of up to 40%. Accurate predictions of solute concentrations, which rely on knowledge of processes that produce natural cycling, are crucial in developing models of toxicity and pollutant loading. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Sullivan, AB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 49 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 252 IS 1-4 BP 237 EP 250 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00458-9 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 469VQ UT WOS:000170837100016 ER PT J AU Huser, T Yan, M AF Huser, T Yan, M TI Solvent-related conformational changes and aggregation of conjugated polymers studied by single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE single molecules photoluminescence spectroscopy; conjugated polymers; aggregates ID INTERCHAIN INTERACTIONS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; MEH-PPV; PHOTOPHYSICS; LUMINESCENCE; FILMS AB Single molecule confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to perform photoluminescence spectroscopy on single, isolated molecules of derivatives of the conjugated polymer poly (p-phenylenevinylene). We show that the fluorescence from single chains of these electroluminescent polymers depends strongly on chain conformation. Extended chains show emission from multiple segments, while tightly-folded chains emit only from few distinct sites. The tight coil in folded chains enables the polymer to funnel excitons to highly aggregated low energy regions via three-dimensional Foerster-type energy transfer, This strong intrachain coupling causes these polymers to mimic the photophysical behavior of single chromophores and leads to localized emission and fluorescence intermittency. Polymer molecules that have specifically designed steric hindrance for backbone contacts show higher resistance to solvent-induced interaction between its segments. Only the introduction of non-solvents to such systems forces the polymer to stack its backbone and form aggregates. The luminescence of these buckled polymer chains shows distinctly red-shifted emission presumably due to excimer-formation. These results have significant implications for photophysics and photochemistry of conjugated polymers and their application in thin film electronic devices. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Huser, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, M-S L-250, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Huser, Thomas/H-1195-2012 OI Huser, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7416 NR 19 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1010-6030 J9 J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO A JI J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 144 IS 1 SI SI BP 43 EP 51 DI 10.1016/S1010-6030(01)00378-1 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 483VA UT WOS:000171655500006 ER PT J AU Lebeau, EL Binstead, RA Meyer, TJ AF Lebeau, EL Binstead, RA Meyer, TJ TI Mechanistic implications of proton transfer coupled to electron transfer SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GLASSY-CARBON ELECTRODES; COMPLEXES; HYDROXIDE; SYSTEM AB The kinetics of electron transfer for the reactions cis- [Ru-IV(bpy)(2)(PY)(O)](2+) + H+ + [Os-II(bpy)(3)](2+) reversible arrow cis- [Ru-III(bpy)(2)(py)(OH)](2+) + [Os-III(bpy)(3)](3+) and cis- [Ru-III(bpy)(2)(py)(OH)](2+) + H+ + [Os-II(bpy)(3)](2+) cis- [Ru-II(bpy)(2)(py) (H2O)](2+) + [Os-III(bpy)(3)](3+) have been studied in both directions by varying the pH from 1 to 8. The kinetics are complex but can be fit to a double "square scheme" involving stepwise electron and proton transfer by including the disproportionation equilibrium, 2cis- [Ru-III(bpy)(2)(py)(OH)](2+) reversible arrow (3 x 10(3) M-1 s(-1) forward, 2.1 x 10(5) M-1 s(-1) reverse) cis [Ru-IV(bpy)(2)(py)(O)](2+) + cis-[Ru-II(bpy)(2)(py)(H2O)](2+) Electron transfer is outer-sphere and uncoupled from proton transfer. The kinetic study has revealed (1) off-dependent reactions where the pH dependence arises from the distribution between acid and base forms and not from variations in the driving force; (2) competing pathways involving initial electron transfer or initial proton transfer whose relative importance depends on pH; (3) a significant inhibition to outer-sphere electron transfer for the Ru-IV=O-2+/Ru-III-OH2+ couple because of the large difference in pK(a) values between Ru-IV=OH3+ (pK(a)<0) and (RuOH2+)-O-III (pK(a)>14); and (4) regions where proton loss from cis- [Ru-II(bpy)(2)(py)(H2O)](2+) or cis- [Ru-III(bpy)(2)(py)(OH)](2+) is rate limiting. The difference in pK(a) values favors more complex pathways such as proton-coupled electron transfer. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Chem, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. RP Meyer, TJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS A127, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 37 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 43 BP 10535 EP 10544 DI 10.1021/ja000517a PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 487EM UT WOS:000171860700014 PM 11673985 ER PT J AU Saethre, LJ Berrah, N Bozek, JD Borve, KJ Carroll, TX Kukk, E Gard, GL Winter, R Thomas, TD AF Saethre, LJ Berrah, N Bozek, JD Borve, KJ Carroll, TX Kukk, E Gard, GL Winter, R Thomas, TD TI Chemical insights from high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio theory: Propyne, trifluoropropyne, and ethynylsulfur pentafluoride SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; GAS-PHASE ACIDITIES; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; IONIZATION ENERGIES; 2ND-ROW ATOMS; CORE; SPECTRUM; BASICITIES; METHANE; BORON AB High-resolution carbon 1s photoelectron spectroscopy of propyne (HC equivalent to CCH3) shows a spectrum in which the contributions from the three chemically inequivalent carbons are clearly resolved and marked by distinct vibrational structure. This structure is well accounted for by ab initio theory. For 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (HC equivalent to CCF3) and ethynylsulfur pentafluoride (HC equivalent to CSF5), the ethynyl carbons show only a broad structure and have energies that differ only slightly from one another. The core-ionization energies can be qualitatively understood in terms of conventional resonance structures; the vibrational broadening for the fluorinated compounds can be understood in terms of the effects of the electronegative fluorines on the charge distribution. Combining the experimental results with gas-phase acidities and with ab initio calculations provides insights into the effects of initial-state charge distribution and final-state charge redistribution on ionization energies and acidities. In particular, these considerations make it possible to understand the apparent paradox that SF5 and CF3 have much larder electronegativity effects on acidity than they have on carbon 1s ionization energies. C1 Univ Bergen, Dept Chem, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. Keuka Coll, Keuka Pk, NY 14478 USA. Portland State Univ, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Saethre, LJ (reprint author), Univ Bergen, Dept Chem, Allegt 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Borve, Knut/I-5934-2012; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010 OI Borve, Knut/0000-0002-5782-8963; Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238 NR 53 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 43 BP 10729 EP 10737 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 487EM UT WOS:000171860700035 PM 11674006 ER PT J AU Hansen, N Huang, X Hughes, DA AF Hansen, N Huang, X Hughes, DA TI Microstructural evolution and hardening parameters SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE dislocation boundaries; scaling; similitude; grain orientation; flow stress ID DISLOCATION CELL-FORMATION; COPPER SINGLE-CRYSTALS; DEFORMATION STRUCTURES; FCC METALS; WORK; FLOW; DEPENDENCE; BOUNDARIES; STRESS; WALLS AB The evolution of dislocation structures in polycrystals with increasing strain is described within a framework of grain subdivision by dislocation boundaries and high angle boundaries. The evolving microstructures are characterized with emphasis on morphology and the changes in the misorientation angle across and spacing between deformation induced boundaries. Also the relationship between the slip pattern and the deformation microstructure is analyzed based on experimental observations showing a correlation between grain orientation in a polycrystal and the deformation microstructure. Next the changes in structural parameters are analyzed over a large strain range using a scaling hypothesis and the principle of similitude. The observations and analyses lead to a discussion of the effect of microstructural parameters on the flow stress behavior. Plastic deformation of metals has been a long lasting interest of Ali Argon and we are very glad on this occasion to thank him for many inspiring papers, scientific discussions and friendly companionship. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Riso Natl Lab, Dept Mat Res, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hansen, N (reprint author), Riso Natl Lab, Dept Mat Res, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. NR 34 TC 113 Z9 115 U1 3 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 317 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 3 EP 11 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01191-1 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 477ED UT WOS:000171269400002 ER PT J AU Krenn, CR Roundy, D Morris, JW Cohen, ML AF Krenn, CR Roundy, D Morris, JW Cohen, ML TI The non-linear elastic behavior and ideal shear strength of Al and Cu SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE ideal shear strength; non-linear elasticity; fcc metals AB We present recent ab initio calculations of the ideal shear strengths of aluminum. and copper using pseudopotential density functional theory within the local density approximation. Structural relaxations orthogonal to the applied shear significantly reduce the values of ideal shear strength, resulting in strengths of 8-9% of the shear modulus for both Al and Cu. However, the geometry of the relaxations in Al and Cu is very different. To some degree, this can be explained using experimentally measured third-order elastic constants. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Krenn, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 317 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 44 EP 48 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01178-9 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 477ED UT WOS:000171269400009 ER PT J AU Miller, JH Liaw, PK Landes, JD AF Miller, JH Liaw, PK Landes, JD TI Influence of fiber coating thickness on fracture behavior of continuous woven Nicalon((R)) fabric-reinforced silicon-carbide matrix ceramic composites SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE ceramic composites; interface; fiber; fracture; coating thickness; silicon carbide ID PULL-OUT STRESSES; LIMITED SHEAR RESISTANCE; RESIDUAL-STRESSES; ENHANCEMENT; ROUGHNESS; STRENGTH; MODEL AB Nicalon((R)) plain-weave fiber fabric-reinforced silicon carbide (SiC) matrix composites with various pyrolytic carbon fiber/matrix interface coating thicknesses have been successfully fabricated by forced chemical vapor infiltration (FCVI) methods. The influence of the carbon interface coating thickness on the fracture behavior of these fiber fabric-reinforced SiC composites has been investigated. Experimental results indicate that fiber coating thickness significantly alters the fracture behavior of SiC composites. The fracture strength exhibits a maximum as the coating thickness increases. A theoretical model has been developed to simulate the fracture behavior in the SiC composites with varied carbon interface coatings. The model assumes that microcracking, which is due to low matrix toughness, initiates and arrests continuously. The model-predicted fracture behavior compares well with the experimental results. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Liaw, PK (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 427-B Dougherty, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 317 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 49 EP 58 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01184-4 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 477ED UT WOS:000171269400010 ER PT J AU Schwartz, AJ Stolken, JS King, WE Campbell, GH AF Schwartz, AJ Stolken, JS King, WE Campbell, GH TI Lattice rotations during compression deformation of a [011] Ta single crystal SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE tantalum; lattice rotations; deformation bands; orientation imaging microscopy; compression tests; platen friction ID ORIENTATION IMAGING MICROSCOPY; ANOMALOUS SLIP; TANTALUM; METALS AB The slip-system symmetry along [011] in body-centered cubic materials is such that the [111] Burgers vectors on potentially active {101} and {112} slip planes lie within a single {011} plane. In the absence of friction, this affords the opportunity for (macroscopically) homogeneous large-strain deformations by compression. The constitutive response of four specimens in the [011] orientation deformed to 10, 20, 30, and 40% engineering strain, exhibited an up-turn in the true stress-true strain curves at approximately 25%. The primary objective of this investigation was to determine the degree of inhomogeneity of the deformation resulting from the platen/sample interface friction, as related to material modeling. To accomplish this, a simple analytical model was adapted and implemented within a 3D finite-element code to simulate the influence of friction on the measured constitutive response and estimate the associated lattice rotations in the specimen corners. Orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) was applied to characterize the lattice rotations and other mesoscopic features of the deformed microstructures. OIM revealed organized patterns of alternating crystal orientation (deformation bands) that evolved as a function of strain. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science BN. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Schwartz, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Campbell, Geoffrey/F-7681-2010 NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 317 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01182-0 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 477ED UT WOS:000171269400014 ER PT J AU Zhu, YT Beyerlein, IJ Valdez, JA Lowe, TC AF Zhu, YT Beyerlein, IJ Valdez, JA Lowe, TC TI Fracture toughness of a composite reinforced with bone-shaped short fibers SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE fracture toughness; reinforced composite; bone-shaped short fibers ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES AB Low fracture toughness has been one of the major drawbacks of short-fiber composites, which is caused mostly by the fiber-matrix interface. A strong interface is required for effective load transfer from the matrix to the fiber. However, a strong interface makes it difficult to relieve the fiber stress concentration in front of an approaching crack, thus resulting in low fracture toughness. On the other hand, a weak interface will lead to an easy fiber pull-out, making the short fibers ineffective in bridging and arresting a propagating crack. We have recently found that bone-shaped-short (BSS) fibers can effectively bridge cracks and increase fracture toughness by transferring load through the enlarged fiber ends while having a weak interface. In this paper, we present our results from both experiments and computational modeling to show the advantages of BSS fibers in improving the fracture toughness. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Zhu, YT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; NR 12 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 317 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01166-2 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 477ED UT WOS:000171269400016 ER PT J AU Lesuer, DR Syn, CK Whittenberger, JD Carsi, M Ruano, OA Sherby, OD AF Lesuer, DR Syn, CK Whittenberger, JD Carsi, M Ruano, OA Sherby, OD TI Creep behavior of Fe-C alloys at high temperatures and high strain rates SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE creep; steels; stacking fault energy; diffusivity ID ULTRAHIGH-CARBON STEELS; MICROSTRUCTURE; CLIMB AB The creep behavior of Fe-C alloys (1-1.8%C) has been studied at high temperatures (0.7-0.9T(m)) and high strain rates (1-100 s(-1)). The dominant deformation resistance has been found to be climb-controlled dislocation creep and thus the creep rates are a function of elastic modulus, lattice diffusivity and stacking fault energy. The self-diffusion coefficient of iron in austenite was found to be solely a function of T-m/T and to vary as D = 6.8 x 10(-6) exp( - 17T(m)/T) m(2) s(-1). The Fe-C alloys were observed to have a high stacking fault energy which was unaffected by carbon and manganese. The stacking fault energy was observed to decrease with increasing concentrations of silicon, aluminum and chromium. At high stresses, deviation from power law behavior was accounted for by considering the contributions to diffusivity by dislocation pipe diffusion. The results have been used to develop a rate equation for these steels of varying composition that depends on only three material characteristics - alloy melting temperature, elastic modulus and stacking fault energy. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. Ctr Nacl Invest Met, Dept Met Phys, Madrid 28040, Spain. Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Lesuer, DR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-342, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Ruano, Oscar/H-1835-2015; OI Ruano, Oscar/0000-0001-6368-986X; carsi, manuel/0000-0001-8068-5385 NR 23 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 317 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 101 EP 107 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01167-4 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 477ED UT WOS:000171269400017 ER PT J AU Kocks, UF AF Kocks, UF TI Realistic constitutive relations for metal plasticity SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE modeling; constitutive relations; work hardening; thermal activation; dynamic recovery; dislocation junctions; fcc; polycrystals AB The process of establishing quantitative constitutive relations is illustrated on the example of strain hardening: a phenomenological analysis in parallel with the derivation of physics-based combinations of variables; both followed by the use a sufficient set of experimental data to firm up unknown parameters or even unknown functions; and the eventual return to an assessment of the more detailed physical mechanisms that are suggested by the observed behavior. It is emphasized that a physics-based algebraic expansion around an accessible standard state is more reliable than a grand overall equation. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kocks, UF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Kocks, Fred/E-1159-2011 NR 18 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 317 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 181 EP 187 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01174-1 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 477ED UT WOS:000171269400027 ER PT J AU Jacobs, CL Goon, S Yarema, KJ Hinderlich, S Hang, HC Chai, DH Bertozzi, CR AF Jacobs, CL Goon, S Yarema, KJ Hinderlich, S Hang, HC Chai, DH Bertozzi, CR TI Substrate specificity of the sialic acid biosynthetic pathway SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID; ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE 2-EPIMERASE/N-ACETYLMANNOSAMINE KINASE; BIFUNCTIONAL ENZYME CATALYZES; FIRST 2 STEPS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; CELL-SURFACES; NEURAL CELLS; RAT-LIVER; EXPRESSION; VIRUS AB Unnatural analogues of sialic acid can be delivered to mammalian cell surfaces through the metabolic transformation of unnatural N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) derivatives. In previous studies, mannosamine analogues bearing simple N-acyl groups up to five carbon atoms in length were recognized as substrates by the biosynthetic machinery and transformed into cell surface sialoglycoconjugates [Keppler, O. T.,et al. (2001) Glycobiology 11, 11R-18R]. Such structural alterations to cell surface glycans can be used to probe carbohydrate-dependent phenomena. This report describes our investigation into the extent of tolerance of the pathway toward additional structural alterations of the N-acyl substituent of ManNAc. A panel of analogues with ketone-containing N-acyl groups that varied in the length or steric bulk was chemically synthesized and tested for metabolic conversion to cell surface glycans. We found that extension of the N-acyl chain to six, seven, or eight carbon atoms dramatically reduced utilization by the biosynthetic machinery. Likewise, branching from the linear chain reduced metabolic conversion. Quantitation of metabolic intermediates suggested that cellular metabolism is limited by the phosphorylation of the N-acylmannosamines by ManAc 6-kinase in the first step of the pathway. This was confirmed by enzymatic assay of the partially purified enzyme with unnatural substrates. Identification of ManNAc 6-kinase as a bottleneck for unnatural sialic acid biosynthesis provides a target for expanding the metabolic promiscuity of mammalian cells. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Ctr Adv Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Free Univ Berlin, Inst Mol Biol & Biochem, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. RP Bertozzi, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM58867-01] NR 35 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 30 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 43 BP 12864 EP 12874 DI 10.1021/bi010862s PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 488XL UT WOS:000171962100014 PM 11669623 ER PT J AU Lim, CS Mian, IS Dernburg, AF Campisi, J AF Lim, CS Mian, IS Dernburg, AF Campisi, J TI C. elegans clk-2, a gene that limits life span, encodes a telomere length regulator similar to yeast telomere binding protein Tel2p SO CURRENT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID C-ELEGANS; DNA; ORGANISMS; MUTATIONS; RNA AB An important quest in modern biology is to identify genes involved in aging. Model organisms such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are particularly useful in this regard. The C. elegans genome has been sequenced [1], and single gene mutations that extend adult life span have been identified [2]. Among these longevity-controlling loci are four apparently unrelated genes that belong to the clk family [3-5]. In mammals, telomere length and structure can influence cellular, and possibly organismal, aging [6]. Here, we show that clk-2 encodes a regulator of telomere length in C. elegans. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jcampisi@lbl.gov OI Dernburg, Abby/0000-0001-8037-1079 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG09909] NR 25 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0960-9822 EI 1879-0445 J9 CURR BIOL JI Curr. Biol. PD OCT 30 PY 2001 VL 11 IS 21 BP 1706 EP 1710 DI 10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00526-7 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 490PT UT WOS:000172060800024 PM 11696330 ER PT J AU Beeson, PC Martens, SN Breshears, DD AF Beeson, PC Martens, SN Breshears, DD TI Simulating overland flow following wildfire: mapping vulnerability to landscape disturbance SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE hydrologic model; runoff; risk assessment; semiarid ID PONDEROSA PINE HILLSLOPE; PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLANDS; NEW-MEXICO; EROSION THRESHOLDS; SEMIARID WOODLAND; SOIL-MOISTURE; DEBRIS FLOWS; RUNOFF; FIRE; FOREST AB The probability of landscape-scale disturbances such as fire are expected to increase in the future due to anticipated climate changes and past land management practices. These disturbances can produce dramatic changes in hydrologic responses (e,g. overland flow) that can pose risks to human life, infrastructure, and the environment. Assessing these risks and associated remediation strategies requires spatially explicit evaluation of upland hydrology. However, most current evaluation methods focus on a specified location within a watershed, precluding estimation of spatially distributed, upland, hydrological response; and those that do consider spatial variability usually do not account for redistribution of overland flow among adjacent subunits. Here we highlight the use of a spatially distributed model for assessing spatial changes in upland hydrologic response following landscape-scale disturbance. Using a distributed model called SPLASH (Simulator for Processes of Landscapes: Surface/Subsurface Hydrology), we simulated pre- and post-fire scenarios based on the Cerro Grande fire (Los Alamos, NM, USA; May 2000) over 17 300 ha (resolution of 30 m x 30 m) for 2 year and 100 year design storms. For the 2 year storm, maximum overland flow rates for burned cells in the post-fire scenario greatly exceeded those for pre-fire conditions (modes: pre-fire, 3.25 x 10(-10) m(3) s(-1); post-fire, 7.0 x 10(-10) m(3) s(-1)). For the 100 year storm, maximum overland flow was much greater than for the 2 year storm (modal pre-fire: 31.8 x 10(10) m(3) s(-1)), with the difference between pre- and post-fire simulations being less dramatic (modal post-fire: 48.6 x 10(-10) m(3) s(-1)). Mapped differences between pre- and post-fire provide a means for prioritizing upland areas for remediation using an approach that accounts not only for topography. soils, and plant cover, but also for the redistribution of overland flow. More generally, our results highlight the potential utility of spatially distributed models to focus and prioritize rehabilitation efforts for future assessments of risk following landscape-scale disturbance. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Breshears, DD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Breshears, David/B-9318-2009 OI Breshears, David/0000-0001-6601-0058 NR 66 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 3 U2 25 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD OCT 30 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 15 BP 2917 EP 2930 DI 10.1002/hyp.382 PG 14 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 487ZH UT WOS:000171909200006 ER PT J AU Johansen, MP Hakonson, TE Breshears, DD AF Johansen, MP Hakonson, TE Breshears, DD TI Post-fire runoff and erosion from rainfall simulation: contrasting forests with shrublands and grasslands SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE erosion; sediment transport; runoff; fire; wildfire; hydrologic response; surficial processes ID PONDEROSA PINE HILLSLOPE; PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLAND; SEDIMENT PRODUCTION; NEW-MEXICO; HYDROLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS; INFILTRATION RATES; SURFACE RUNOFF; SOIL-EROSION; FIRE; RESTORATION AB Rainfall simulations allow for controlled comparisons of runoff and erosion among ecosystems and land cover conditions. Runoff and erosion can increase greatly following fire, yet there are few rainfall simulation studies for post-fire plots, particularly after severe fire in semiarid forest. We conducted rainfall simulations shortly after a severe fire (Cerro Grande) in ponderosa pine forest near Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA, which completely burned organic ground cover and exposed unprotected soil. Measurements on burned plots showed 74% of mineral soil was exposed compared with an estimated 3% exposed prior to the fire. Most of the remaining 26% surface area was covered by easily moveable ash. Rainfall was applied at 60 mm h(-1) in three repeated tests over 2 days. Runoff from burned plots was about 45% of the total 120 mm of applied precipitation, but only 23% on the unburned plots. The most striking difference between the response of burned and unburned plots was the amount of sediment production; burned plots generated 25 times more sediment than unburned plots (76 kg ha(-1) and 3 kg ha(-1) respectively per millimetre of rain). Sediment yields were well correlated with percentage bare soil (r = 0.84). These sediment yields were more than an order of magnitude greater than nearly all comparable rainfall simulation studies conducted on burned plots in the USA, most of which have been in grasslands or shrublands. A synthesis of comparable studies suggests that an erosion threshold is reached as the amount of soil exposed by fire increases to 60-70%. Our results provide sediment yield and runoff data from severely burned surfaces, a condition for which little rainfall simulation data exist. Further, our results contrast post-fire hydrologic responses in forests with those in grasslands and shrublands. These results can be applied to problems concerning post-fire erosion, flooding, contaminant transport, and development of associated remediation strategies. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Environm Dynam & Spatial Anal Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Breshears, DD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Environm Dynam & Spatial Anal Grp, Mail Stop J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM daveb@lanl.gov RI Johansen, Mathew/D-7049-2012; Breshears, David/B-9318-2009 OI Breshears, David/0000-0001-6601-0058 NR 57 TC 138 Z9 141 U1 9 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD OCT 30 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 15 BP 2953 EP 2965 DI 10.1002/hyp.384 PG 13 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 487ZH UT WOS:000171909200008 ER PT J AU McLin, SG Springer, EP Lane, LJ AF McLin, SG Springer, EP Lane, LJ TI Predicting floodplain boundary changes following the Cerro Grande Wildfire SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE ArcView GIS; HEC-HMS; HEC-RAS; floodplain modelling; wildfires ID WATER REPELLENCY; NEW-MEXICO; RUNOFF; RAINFALL; FIRE AB A combined ArcView GIS-HEC modelling application for floodplain analysis of pre- and post-burned watersheds is described. The burned study area is located on Pajarito Plateau near Los Alamos National Laboratory (the Laboratory), where the Cerro Grande Wildfire burned 42 878 acres (17 352 ha) in May 2000. This area is dominated by rugged mountains that are dissected by numerous steep canyons having both ephemeral and perennial channel reaches. Vegetation consists of pinon-juniper woodlands located between 6000 and 7000 ft (1829-2134 m) above mean sea level (MSL). and Ponderosa pine stands between 7000 and 10000 ft MSL (2134-3048 m). Approximately 17% of the burned area is located within the Laboratory, and the remainder is located in upstream or adjacent watersheds. Pre-burn floodplains were previously mapped in 1990-91 using early HEC models as part of the hazardous waste site permitting process. Precipitation and stream gauge data provide essential information characterizing rainfall-runoff relationships before and after the fire. They also provide a means of monitoring spatial and temporal changes as forest recovery progresses. The 2000 summer monsoon began in late June and provided several significant runoff events for model calibration. HEC-HMS modelled responses were sequentially refined so that observed and predicted hydrograph peaks were matched at numerous channel locations. The 100 year, 6 h design storm was eventually used to predict peak hydrographs at critical sites. These results were compared with pre-fire simulations so that new flood-prone areas could be systematically identified. Stream channel cross-sectional geometries were extracted from a gridded I ft (0.3 m) digital elevation model (DEM) using ArcView GIS. Then floodpool topwidths, depths, and flow velocities were remapped using the HEC-RAS model. Finally, numerous surveyed channel sections were selectively made at crucial sites for DEM verification. These evaluations provided timely guidance that influenced the decision to construct several flood detention structures that were completed in September 2000. Published in 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP McLin, SG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS-J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Springer, Everett/B-6376-2012 OI Springer, Everett/0000-0002-9816-8148 NR 33 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 16 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD OCT 30 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 15 BP 2967 EP 2980 DI 10.1002/hyp.385 PG 14 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 487ZH UT WOS:000171909200009 ER PT J AU Wilson, CJ Carey, JW Beeson, PC Gard, MO Lane, LJ AF Wilson, CJ Carey, JW Beeson, PC Gard, MO Lane, LJ TI A GIS-based hillslope erosion and sediment delivery model and its application in the Cerro Grande burn area SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE fire; erosion; runoff; sediment yield; connectivity; GIS; model ID PONDEROSA PINE HILLSLOPE; NEW-MEXICO; RUNOFF AB A profile-based, analytical hillslope erosion model (HEM) is integrated into a geographical information system (GIS) framework to provide a tool to assess the impact of the Cerro Grande fire on erosion and sediment delivery to the many streams draining the burn area. The model, HEM-GIS, calculates rill and interrill erosion, transport and deposition along digital flow-pathways generated with GIS software. This new erosion and sediment yield technology accounts for complex terrain attributes and their impact on the connectivity of sediment transport pathways from source areas to streams. GIS digital spatial data, including elevation, vegetation cover, burn severity and soil type, are used as input to the model. Output includes spatially distributed predictions of total event-based sediment yield (tonnes or kilograms per square metre). Here the model is applied across an 800 km(2) region of the Pajarito Plateau watershed to assess the sedimentation risks associated with a 100 year design rain event. Although unvalidated for the design storm, the model predicts that the fire may cause runoff to increase by three to six times, and sediment yield to increase by more than an order of magnitude, Published in 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Wilson, CJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Carey, James/B-4421-2011 NR 28 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD OCT 30 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 15 BP 2995 EP 3010 DI 10.1002/hyp.387 PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 487ZH UT WOS:000171909200011 ER PT J AU Sachdeva, R Istratov, AA Weber, ER AF Sachdeva, R Istratov, AA Weber, ER TI Recombination activity of copper in silicon SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-CELLS; CONTAMINATION; IMPURITIES; DIFFUSION; LIFETIME AB The carrier recombination activity of copper in n-type and p-type silicon has been investigated. The minority carrier diffusion length has been found to decrease monotonically with increasing copper concentration in n Si and to exhibit a step-like behavior in p-type silicon at Cu concentrations above a certain critical level. It is suggested that the impact of copper on the minority carrier diffusion length is determined by the formation of copper precipitates. This process is retarded in perfect silicon due to the large lattice mismatch between Cu(3)Si and the silicon lattice and even more retarded in p Si, due to electrostatic repulsion effects between the positively charged copper precipitates and interstitial copper ions. Comparison of the impact of Cu on minority carrier diffusion length obtained with p-Si samples of different resistivity confirmed the electrostatic model. Studies of the impact of copper on minority carrier diffusion length in samples with internal gettering sites indicated that they provide heterogeneous nucleation sites for Cu precipitation at subcritical Cu concentration. Above a certain threshold of Cu concentration, the bulk recombination activity is dominated by quasihomogeneous formation of Cu precipitates, a process that is not detectably affected by the presence of oxide precipitates. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sachdeva, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 62-203,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ravinder@uclink4.berkeley.edu NR 17 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 29 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 18 BP 2937 EP 2939 DI 10.1063/1.1415350 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 484ZM UT WOS:000171726300025 ER PT J AU Merkulov, VI Melechko, AV Guillorn, MA Lowndes, DH Simpson, ML AF Merkulov, VI Melechko, AV Guillorn, MA Lowndes, DH Simpson, ML TI Alignment mechanism of carbon nanofibers produced by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EMISSION; NANOTUBES; GROWTH; ARRAYS AB We report experimental evidence showing a direct correlation between the alignment of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition and the location of the catalyst particle during CNF growth. In particular, we find that CNFs that have a catalyst particle at the tip (i.e., growth proceeds from the tip) align along the electric-field lines, whereas CNFs with the particle at the base (i.e., growth proceeds from the base) grow in random orientations. We propose a model that explains the alignment process as a result of a feedback mechanism associated with a nonuniform stress (part tensile, part compressive) that is created across the interface of the catalyst particle with the CNF due to electrostatic forces. Furthermore, we propose that the alignment seen recently in some dense CNF films is due to a crowding effect and is not directly the result of electrostatic forces. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Merkulov, VI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457 NR 15 TC 169 Z9 171 U1 3 U2 28 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 29 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 18 BP 2970 EP 2972 DI 10.1063/1.1415411 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 484ZM UT WOS:000171726300036 ER PT J AU Hamza, AV Newman, MW Thielen, PA Lee, HWH Schenkel, T McDonald, JW Schneider, DH AF Hamza, AV Newman, MW Thielen, PA Lee, HWH Schenkel, T McDonald, JW Schneider, DH TI Light-emitting nanostructures formed by intense, ultrafast electronic excitation in silicon (100) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY-CHARGED IONS; SLOW; SURFACES; SOLIDS AB The intense, ultrafast electronic excitation of clean silicon (100)-(2x1) surfaces leads to the formation of silicon nanostructures embedded in silicon, which photoluminescence at similar to 560 nm wavelength (similar to2 eV band gap). The silicon surfaces were irradiated with slow, highly charged ions (e.g., Xe44+ and Au53+) to produce the electronic excitation. The observation of excitonic features in the luminescence is particularly unusual for silicon nanostructures. The temperature dependence and the measurement of the triplet-singlet splitting of the emission strongly support the excitonic assignment. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hamza, AV (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 9 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 29 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 18 BP 2973 EP 2975 DI 10.1063/1.1413958 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 484ZM UT WOS:000171726300037 ER PT J AU Bardakci, K Konechny, A AF Bardakci, K Konechny, A TI One loop partition function in the presence of tachyon background and corrections to tachyon condensation SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID STRING FIELD-THEORY; D-BRANES; DIVERGENCES; VACUUM; MODEL AB We compute the one-loop partition function for quadratic tachyon background in open string theory. Both closed and open string representations are developed. Using these representations we study the one-loop divergences in the partition function in the presence of the tachyon background. The divergences due to the open and closed string tachyons are treated by analytic continuation in the tachyon mass squared. We pay particular attention to the imaginary part of the analytically continued expressions. The last one gives the decay rate of the unstable vacuum. The dilaton tadpole is also given some partial consideration. The partition function is further used to study corrections to tachyon condensation processes describing brane descent relations. Assuming the boundary string field theory prescription for construction of the string field action via partition function holds at one loop level we study the one-loop corrections to the tachyon potential and to the tensions of lower-dimensional branes. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bardakci, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD OCT 29 PY 2001 VL 614 IS 1-2 BP 71 EP 100 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(01)00406-0 PG 30 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 486XJ UT WOS:000171842100003 ER PT J AU Adler, C Ahammed, Z Allgower, C Amonett, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bichsel, H Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Bossingham, R Boucham, A Brandin, A Cadman, RV Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cardenas, A Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chattopadhyay, S Chen, ML Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Christie, W Coffin, JP Conin, L Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ DeMello, M Deng, WS Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Draper, JE Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Eckardt, V Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Fachini, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Foley, KJ Fu, J Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Gaudichet, L Germain, M Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Grabski, J Grachov, O Greiner, D Grigoriev, V Guedon, M Gushin, E Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heffner, M Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Hummler, H Igo, G Ishihara, A Ivanshin, YI Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, E Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Konstantinov, AS Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lakehal-Ayat, L Lamas-Valverde, J Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lebedev, A LeCompte, T Lednicky, R Leontiev, VM Leszczynski, P LeVine, MJ Li, Q Li, Q Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ LoCurto, G Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lynn, D Majka, R Maliszewski, A Margetis, S Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mitchell, J Moiseenko, VA Moltz, D Moore, CF Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Mutchler, GS Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Peryt, W Petrov, VA Pinganaud, W Platner, E Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potrebenikova, E Prindle, D Pruneau, C Radomski, S Rai, G Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Roy, C Russ, D Rykov, V Sakrejda, I Sandweiss, J Saulys, AC Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schweda, K Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schuttauf, A Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Shvetcov, VS Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stephenson, EJ Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Stroebele, H Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Takahashi, J Tang, AH Thomas, JH Tikhomirov, V Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Trofimov, V Tsai, O Turner, K Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G VanderMolen, AM Vanyashin, A Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vigdor, SE Voloshin, SA Wang, F Ward, H Watson, JW Wells, R Wenaus, T Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wissink, SW Witt, R Xu, N Xu, Z Yakutin, AE Yamamoto, E Yang, J Yepes, P Yokosawa, A Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, WM Zoulkarneev, R Zubarev, AN AF Adler, C Ahammed, Z Allgower, C Amonett, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bichsel, H Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Bossingham, R Boucham, A Brandin, A Cadman, RV Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cardenas, A Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chattopadhyay, S Chen, ML Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Christie, W Coffin, JP Conin, L Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ DeMello, M Deng, WS Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Draper, JE Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Eckardt, V Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Fachini, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Foley, KJ Fu, J Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Gaudichet, L Germain, M Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Grabski, J Grachov, O Greiner, D Grigoriev, V Guedon, M Gushin, E Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heffner, M Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Hummler, H Igo, G Ishihara, A Ivanshin, YI Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, E Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Konstantinov, AS Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lakehal-Ayat, L Lamas-Valverde, J Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lebedev, A LeCompte, T Lednicky, R Leontiev, VM Leszczynski, P LeVine, MJ Li, Q Li, Q Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ LoCurto, G Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lynn, D Majka, R Maliszewski, A Margetis, S Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mitchell, J Moiseenko, VA Moltz, D Moore, CF Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Mutchler, GS Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Peryt, W Petrov, VA Pinganaud, W Platner, E Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potrebenikova, E Prindle, D Pruneau, C Radomski, S Rai, G Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Roy, C Russ, D Rykov, V Sakrejda, I Sandweiss, J Saulys, AC Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schweda, K Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schuttauf, A Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Shvetcov, VS Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stephenson, EJ Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Stroebele, H Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Takahashi, J Tang, AH Thomas, JH Tikhomirov, V Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Trofimov, V Tsai, O Turner, K Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G VanderMolen, AM Vanyashin, A Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vigdor, SE Voloshin, SA Wang, F Ward, H Watson, JW Wells, R Wenaus, T Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wissink, SW Witt, R Xu, N Xu, Z Yakutin, AE Yamamoto, E Yang, J Yepes, P Yokosawa, A Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, WM Zoulkarneev, R Zubarev, AN CA STAR Collaboration TI Identified particle elliptic flow in Au plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=130 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COLLECTIVE EXPANSION; ANISOTROPIC FLOW; AU+AU COLLISIONS; TRANSITION; ENERGY; SPS AB We report first results on elliptic flow of identified particles at midrapidity in Au + Au collisions at root (NN)-N-S = 130 GeV using the STAR TPC at RHIC. The elliptic flow as a function of transverse momentum and centrality differs significantly for particles of different masses. This dependence can be accounted for in hydrodynamic models, indicating that the system created shows a behavior consistent with collective hydrodynamical flow. The fit to the data with a simple model gives information on the temperature and flow velocities at freeze-out. C1 Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Adler, C (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. RI Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Kisiel, Adam/O-8754-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Skoro, Goran/F-3642-2010; Johnson, Ian/I-2439-2013; Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Zborovsky, Imrich/G-7964-2014; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016 OI Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Kisiel, Adam/0000-0001-8322-9510; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556 NR 28 TC 447 Z9 452 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 29 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 18 AR 182301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.182301 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 487ZL UT WOS:000171909500011 PM 11497937 ER PT J AU Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Amarian, M Achenauer, EC Avakian, H Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bailey, P Bains, B Baturin, V Baumgarten, C Beckmann, M Belostotski, S Bernreuther, S Bianchi, N Bottcher, H Borissov, A Bouhali, O Bouwhuis, M Brack, J Brauksiepe, S Bruckner, W Brull, A Brunn, I Bulten, HJ Capitani, GP Chumney, P Cisbani, E Ciullo, G Court, GR Dalpiaz, PF De Leo, R De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E De Schepper, D Devitsin, E Huberts, PKAD Di Nezza, P Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Ely, J Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Fechtchenko, A Felawka, L Filippone, BW Fischer, H Fox, B Franz, J Frullani, S Garber, Y Garibaldi, F Garutti, E Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Golendukhin, A Graw, G Grebeniouk, O Green, PW Greeniaus, LG Gute, A Haeberli, W Hafidi, K Hartig, M Hasch, D Heesbeen, D Heinsius, FH Henoch, M Hertenberger, R Hesselink, WHA Hofman, G Holler, Y Holt, RJ Hommez, B Iarygin, G Izotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Jung, P Kaiser, R Kanesaka, J Kinney, E Kisselev, A Kitching, P Kobayashi, H Koch, N Konigsmann, K Kolster, H Korotkov, V Kotik, E Kozlov, V Krauss, B Krivokhijine, VG Kyle, G Lagamba, L Laziev, A Lenisa, P Liebing, P Lindemann, T Lorenzon, W Maas, A Makins, NCR Marukyan, H Masoli, F McAndrew, M McIlhany, K Meissner, F Menden, F Meyners, N Mikloukho, O Miller, CA Milner, R Muccifora, V Mussa, R Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Nass, A Negodaeva, K Nowak, WD Oganessyan, K O'Neill, TG Owen, BR Pate, SF Potashov, S Potterveld, DH Raithel, M Rakness, G Rappoport, V Redwine, R Reggiani, D Reolon, AR Rith, K Robinson, D Rostomyan, A Ruh, M Ryckbosch, D Sakemi, Y Sanjiev, I Sato, F Savin, I Scarlett, C Schafer, A Schill, C Schmidt, F Schnell, G Schuler, KP Schwind, A Seibert, J Seitz, B Shibata, TA Shutov, V Simani, MC Simon, A Sinram, K Steffens, E Steijer, JJM Stewart, J Stosslein, U Suetsugu, K Taroian, S Terkulov, A Tessarin, S Thomas, E Tipton, B Tytgat, M Urciuoli, GM van den Brand, JFJ van Steenhoven, G van Vyver, R van Hunen, JJ Vetterli, MC Vikhrov, V Vincter, MG Visser, J Weiskopf, C Wendland, J Wilbert, J Wise, T Yen, S Yoneyama, S Zohrabian, H AF Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Amarian, M Achenauer, EC Avakian, H Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bailey, P Bains, B Baturin, V Baumgarten, C Beckmann, M Belostotski, S Bernreuther, S Bianchi, N Bottcher, H Borissov, A Bouhali, O Bouwhuis, M Brack, J Brauksiepe, S Bruckner, W Brull, A Brunn, I Bulten, HJ Capitani, GP Chumney, P Cisbani, E Ciullo, G Court, GR Dalpiaz, PF De Leo, R De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E De Schepper, D Devitsin, E Huberts, PKAD Di Nezza, P Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Ely, J Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Fechtchenko, A Felawka, L Filippone, BW Fischer, H Fox, B Franz, J Frullani, S Garber, Y Garibaldi, F Garutti, E Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Golendukhin, A Graw, G Grebeniouk, O Green, PW Greeniaus, LG Gute, A Haeberli, W Hafidi, K Hartig, M Hasch, D Heesbeen, D Heinsius, FH Henoch, M Hertenberger, R Hesselink, WHA Hofman, G Holler, Y Holt, RJ Hommez, B Iarygin, G Izotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Jung, P Kaiser, R Kanesaka, J Kinney, E Kisselev, A Kitching, P Kobayashi, H Koch, N Konigsmann, K Kolster, H Korotkov, V Kotik, E Kozlov, V Krauss, B Krivokhijine, VG Kyle, G Lagamba, L Laziev, A Lenisa, P Liebing, P Lindemann, T Lorenzon, W Maas, A Makins, NCR Marukyan, H Masoli, F McAndrew, M McIlhany, K Meissner, F Menden, F Meyners, N Mikloukho, O Miller, CA Milner, R Muccifora, V Mussa, R Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Nass, A Negodaeva, K Nowak, WD Oganessyan, K O'Neill, TG Owen, BR Pate, SF Potashov, S Potterveld, DH Raithel, M Rakness, G Rappoport, V Redwine, R Reggiani, D Reolon, AR Rith, K Robinson, D Rostomyan, A Ruh, M Ryckbosch, D Sakemi, Y Sanjiev, I Sato, F Savin, I Scarlett, C Schafer, A Schill, C Schmidt, F Schnell, G Schuler, KP Schwind, A Seibert, J Seitz, B Shibata, TA Shutov, V Simani, MC Simon, A Sinram, K Steffens, E Steijer, JJM Stewart, J Stosslein, U Suetsugu, K Taroian, S Terkulov, A Tessarin, S Thomas, E Tipton, B Tytgat, M Urciuoli, GM van den Brand, JFJ van Steenhoven, G van Vyver, R van Hunen, JJ Vetterli, MC Vikhrov, V Vincter, MG Visser, J Weiskopf, C Wendland, J Wilbert, J Wise, T Yen, S Yoneyama, S Zohrabian, H CA HERMES Collaborat TI Measurement of the beam-spin azimuthal asymmetry associated with deeply-virtual Compton scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEON; ELECTROPRODUCTION AB The beam-spin asymmetry in hard electroproduction of photons has been measured. The data have been accumulated by the HERMES experiment at DESY using the HERA 27.6 GeV longitudinally polarized positron beam and an unpolarized hydrogen-gas target. The asymmetry in the azimuthal distribution of the produced photons in the angle phi relative to the lepton scattering plane was determined with respect to the helicity state of the incoming positron beam. The beam-spin analyzing power in the sin phi moment was measured to be -0.23 +/- 0.04(stat) +/- 0.03(syst) in the missing-mass range below 1.7 GeV. The observed asymmetry is attributed to the interference of the Bethe-Heitler and deeply virtual Compton scattering processes. C1 Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70124 Bari, Italy. CALTECH, WK Kellogg Radiat Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Colorado, Nucl Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. State Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. Univ Munich, Sekt Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NIKHEF, Natl Inst Kernfys & Hoge Energiefys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Rome 1, Grp Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Ist Super Sanita, Phys Lab, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Airapetian, A (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RI Gavrilov, Gennady/C-6260-2013; Holt, Roy/E-5803-2011; Messier, Claude/A-2322-2008; Kozlov, Valentin/M-8000-2015; Terkulov, Adel/M-8581-2015 OI Messier, Claude/0000-0002-4791-1763; NR 18 TC 273 Z9 274 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 29 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 18 AR 182001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.182001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 487ZL UT WOS:000171909500009 ER PT J AU Daya, ZA Ecke, RE AF Daya, ZA Ecke, RE TI Does turbulent convection feel the shape of the container? SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-BENARD CONVECTION; THERMAL-CONVECTION; HEAT-TRANSPORT; NUMBER CONVECTION; BOUNDARY-LAYERS; PRANDTL NUMBER; VELOCITY; FLUCTUATIONS; TEMPERATURE; ROTATION AB Temperature and vertical velocity fluctuations are measured in turbulent Rayleigh-Benard convection for Rayleigh numbers 2 x 10(8) < R < 4 x 10(9) in cells with cylindrical and square geometries with approximately unit-aspect ratios. The geometries are constructed such that they have the same height and cross sectional area. We find, very. unexpectedly, that both the magnitudes and scalings of fluctuations as,a function of R depend strongly on the geometry. This latter result implies a possible nonuniversality in internal fluctuations and poses significant difficulties for existing model descriptions of turbulent convection. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Daya, ZA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 25 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 29 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 18 AR 184501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.184501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 487ZL UT WOS:000171909500026 ER PT J AU Nakao, H Ohwada, K Takesue, N Fujii, Y Isobe, M Ueda, Y von Zimmermann, M Hill, JP Gibbs, D Woicik, JC Koyama, I Murakami, Y AF Nakao, H Ohwada, K Takesue, N Fujii, Y Isobe, M Ueda, Y von Zimmermann, M Hill, JP Gibbs, D Woicik, JC Koyama, I Murakami, Y TI Comment on "x-ray anomalous scattering study of a charge-ordered state in NaV2O5" - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Inst Mat Struct Sci, Photon Factory, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Neutron Scattering Lab, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Mat Design & Charecterizat Lab, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778581, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Nakao, H (reprint author), High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Inst Mat Struct Sci, Photon Factory, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RI Isobe, Masahiko/B-5616-2015 NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 29 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 18 AR 189703 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.189703 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 487ZL UT WOS:000171909500071 ER PT J AU Pradhan, AK Chen, GX Nahar, SN Zhang, HL AF Pradhan, AK Chen, GX Nahar, SN Zhang, HL TI Relativistic fine structure and resonance effects in electron-ion recombination and excitation of (e+CIV) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID S-2->2P P-2 TRANSITION; CROSS-SECTIONS; IMPACT EXCITATION; DIELECTRONIC RECOMBINATION; ATOMIC DATA; C3+; COEFFICIENTS; STATES; CARBON AB Relativistic close coupling calculations are reported for unified electronic recombination of (e + C IV) including nonresonant and resonant recombination processes, radiative, and dielectronic recombination (RR and DR). Detailed benchmarking of the theoretical unified results with two recent experiments on ion storage rings [S. Mannervik et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 313 (1998) and S. Schippers et al., Astrophys. J. 555, 1027 (2001)] shows very good agreement in the entire measured energy region 2s-2p with 2pnl resonances to similar to 15%. The resonant and the background cross sections are not an incoherent sum of separate RR and DR contributions. The electron impact excitation (EIE) cross sections are also compared with recent experimental measurements. Fine structure threshold effects in EIE and DR are delineated for the first time and should be of general importance. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Pradhan, AK (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 29 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 18 AR 183201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.183201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 487ZL UT WOS:000171909500018 ER PT J AU Stepanyan, S Burkert, VD Elouadrhiri, L Adams, GS Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Ball, J Barrow, S Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bektasoglu, M Bertin, P Bianchi, N Biselli, A Boiarinov, S Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Branford, D Brooks, WK Calarco, JR Carman, DS Carnahan, B Ciciani, L Cole, PL Coleman, A Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, J Degtiarenko, PV Denizli, H Dennis, LC De Sanctis, E DeVita, R Dharmawardane, KV Djalali, C Dodge, GE Dore, D Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dytman, S Eckhause, M Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Empl, A Fatemi, R Feuerbach, RJ Ficenec, J Fissum, K Forest, TA Freyberger, AP Funsten, H Gaff, S Gai, M Garcon, M Gavalian, G Gilad, S Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, K Girard, P Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guillo, M Gyurjyan, V Hadjidakis, C Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hicks, RS Holtrop, M Hu, J Hyde-Wright, CE Ito, MM Jenkins, D Joo, K Kelley, J Khandaker, M Kim, DH Kim, K Kim, KY Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klusman, M Kossov, M Kramer, LH Kuhn, SE Laget, JM Lawrence, D Longhi, A Lukashin, K Manak, JJ Marchand, C McAleer, S McCarthy, J McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mikhailov, K Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Morand, L Muccifora, V Mueller, J Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Nelson, S Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niyazov, RA Opper, A O'Rielly, G O'Brien, JT Park, K Pasyuk, E Peterson, GA Philips, S Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Popa, I Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Raue, BA Reolon, AR Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Sabourov, K Salgado, CW Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, V Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Simionatto, S Skabelin, A Smith, ES Smith, LC Sober, DI Stavinsky, A Stoler, P Strakovsky, II Suleiman, R Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, D Thompson, R Todor, L Vineyard, MF Vlassov, A Wang, K Weller, H Weinstein, LB Welsh, R Weygand, DP Whisnant, S Wolin, E Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zhao, J Zhang, B Zhou, Z AF Stepanyan, S Burkert, VD Elouadrhiri, L Adams, GS Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Ball, J Barrow, S Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bektasoglu, M Bertin, P Bianchi, N Biselli, A Boiarinov, S Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Branford, D Brooks, WK Calarco, JR Carman, DS Carnahan, B Ciciani, L Cole, PL Coleman, A Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, J Degtiarenko, PV Denizli, H Dennis, LC De Sanctis, E DeVita, R Dharmawardane, KV Djalali, C Dodge, GE Dore, D Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dytman, S Eckhause, M Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Empl, A Fatemi, R Feuerbach, RJ Ficenec, J Fissum, K Forest, TA Freyberger, AP Funsten, H Gaff, S Gai, M Garcon, M Gavalian, G Gilad, S Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, K Girard, P Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guillo, M Gyurjyan, V Hadjidakis, C Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hicks, RS Holtrop, M Hu, J Hyde-Wright, CE Ito, MM Jenkins, D Joo, K Kelley, J Khandaker, M Kim, DH Kim, K Kim, KY Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klusman, M Kossov, M Kramer, LH Kuhn, SE Laget, JM Lawrence, D Longhi, A Lukashin, K Manak, JJ Marchand, C McAleer, S McCarthy, J McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mikhailov, K Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Morand, L Muccifora, V Mueller, J Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Nelson, S Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niyazov, RA Opper, A O'Rielly, G O'Brien, JT Park, K Pasyuk, E Peterson, GA Philips, S Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Popa, I Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Raue, BA Reolon, AR Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Sabourov, K Salgado, CW Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, V Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Simionatto, S Skabelin, A Smith, ES Smith, LC Sober, DI Stavinsky, A Stoler, P Strakovsky, II Suleiman, R Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, D Thompson, R Todor, L Vineyard, MF Vlassov, A Wang, K Weller, H Weinstein, LB Welsh, R Weygand, DP Whisnant, S Wolin, E Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zhao, J Zhang, B Zhou, Z CA CLAS Collaborat TI Observation of exclusive deeply virtual Compton scattering in polarized electron beam asymmetry measurements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEON; ELECTROPRODUCTION; MESONS; DISTRIBUTIONS; PHOTONS; QCD AB We report the first results of the beam-spin asymmetry measured in the reaction (e) over right arrowp --> ep gamma at a beam energy of 4.25 GeV. A large asymmetry with a sin phi modulation is observed, as predicted for the interference term of deeply virtual compton scattering (DVCS) and the Bethe-Heitler process. The amplitude of this modulation is alpha = 0.202 +/- 0.028. In leading-order and leading-twist perturbative QCD, the alpha is directly proportional to the imaginary part of the DVCS amplitude. C1 Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, SPhN, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, IN2P3, Aubiere, France. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Florida Int Univ, Dept Phys, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. James Madison Univ, Dept Phys, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Bates Linear Accelerator, Middleton, MA 01949 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. Ohio Univ, Dept Phys, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Orsay, F-91406 Orsay, France. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Troy, NY 12181 USA. Rice Univ, TW Bonner Nucl Lab, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Richmond, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Stepanyan, S (reprint author), Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RI Bektasoglu, Mehmet/A-2074-2012; Protopopescu, Dan/D-5645-2012; riccardi, gabriele/A-9269-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015 OI Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975 NR 21 TC 257 Z9 257 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 29 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 18 AR 182002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.182002 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 487ZL UT WOS:000171909500010 ER PT J AU Cherne, FJ Deymier, PA AF Cherne, FJ Deymier, PA TI Calculation of the transport properties of liquid aluminum with equilibrium and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE computer simulation; transport properties; liquid aluminum; theory and modeling ID EMBEDDED-ATOM METHOD; DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENT; METALS; LAW AB In this paper, we utilize the techniques of equilibrium and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics to calculate the shear viscosity and the self-diffusion coefficient of liquid aluminum. We use the embedded-atom method potential for these calculations. (C) 2001 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Cherne, FJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST-8,POB 1663 Mailstop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Cherne, Frank/0000-0002-8589-6058 NR 23 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD OCT 29 PY 2001 VL 45 IS 8 BP 985 EP 991 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(01)01124-1 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 493KN UT WOS:000172221900017 ER PT J AU Medlin, DL Foiles, SM Cohen, D AF Medlin, DL Foiles, SM Cohen, D TI A dislocation-based description of grain boundary dissociation: Application to a 90 degrees < 110 > tilt boundary in gold SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE grain boundary dissociation; grain boundaries; dislocations; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); theory & modeling ID RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; INCOHERENT TWIN BOUNDARY; COPPER; METALS; FCC; ALUMINUM AB High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) observations and atomistic simulations of {1 (1) over bar1}/{121} facets in a gold 90 degrees tilt boundary show the presence of a similar to 10 Angstrom wide layer with stacking faults distributed one to every three close-packed planes. This interfacial reconstruction, which forms the rhombohedral 9R stacking arrangement, is similar to that found previously for near-Sigma = 3{112} boundaries in low stacking fault energy metals. We discuss a general approach for partitioning grain boundary orientation into a set of Shockley partial dislocations and then apply this description to the {11}/{121} interface. The analysis explains both the distribution of faults and the geometry of the local plane bending and shows, further, that the 9R stacking occurs in both the Sigma = 3{112} and {1 (1) over bar1}/{121} interfaces due to the similar ratios of 30 degrees and 90 degrees Shockleys in both cases. Finally, we discuss limitations of this description, in particular concerning a 1/8[(1) over bar 01] relaxation that is predicted by the atomistic simulations. published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of Acto Materialia Inc. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Medlin, DL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. OI Foiles, Stephen/0000-0002-1907-454X NR 29 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 4 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT 26 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 18 BP 3689 EP 3697 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00284-1 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 485EX UT WOS:000171741500004 ER PT J AU Henager, CH Hoagland, RG AF Henager, CH Hoagland, RG TI Subcritical crack growth in CVISiCf/SiC composites at elevated temperatures: Dynamic crack growth model SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE computer simulation; ceramics - structural; composites; mechanical properties - creep; high temperature ID CERAMIC-MATRIX COMPOSITES; BRIDGED CRACKS; OPENING-DISPLACEMENT; FIBER COMPOSITES; CREEPING FIBERS; WEIGHT FUNCTION; SIC COMPOSITES; MECHANICS; TIME; FRACTURE AB A dynamic crack-growth model has been developed to predict slow crack growth in ceramic composites containing nonlinear, creeping fibers in an elastic matrix. Mechanics for frictional bridging and nonlinear fiber-creep equations are used to compute crack extension dynamically. Discrete, two-dimensional fiber bridges are employed, which allows separate bridge "clocks", to compute slow crack-growth rates for composites containing Nicalon-CG and Hi-Nicalon fibers. Predictions for activation energies, time-temperature exponents, crack lengths, and crack-velocity data for composites in bending at 1173 K to 1473 K in inert environments are in good agreement with experimental data. In addition, calculated creep strains in the bridges agree with experimental damage-zone strains. The implications of multiple-matrix cracking are discussed. (C) 2001 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mat Sci P815, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Henager, CH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mat Sci P815, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012 NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT 26 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 18 BP 3739 EP 3753 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 485EX UT WOS:000171741500009 ER PT J AU Lee, CS De Jonghe, LC Thomas, G AF Lee, CS De Jonghe, LC Thomas, G TI Mechanical properties of polytypoidally joined Si3N4-Al2O3 SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE sialon polytypoid; mechanical properties ID SILICON-NITRIDE CERAMICS; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Crack-free joining of alumina and silicon nitride has been achieved by a unique approach introducing sialon polytypoids as a functionally graded materials (FGM) bonding layer. The polytypoid compositions are identified in the phase diagram of the Si3N4-Al2O3 system. The thermal stresses of this FGM junction were analyzed using a finite element analysis program taking into account both coefficient of thermal expansion and modulus variations. From this analysis, the result showed, a dramatic decrease in radial, axial and hoop stresses as the FGM changes from three layers to 20 graded layers. Scaling was considered, showing that the graded transition layer should constitute about 75% or more of the total sample thickness to reach a minimal residual stress. Oriented Vickers indentation testing was used to qualitatively characterize the strengths of the joint and the various interfaces. The indentation cracks were minimally or not deflected at the sialon layers, implying strong interfaces. Finally, flexural testing was conducted at room temperature and at high temperature. The average strength at room temperature was found to be 581 MPa and the average strength at high temperature (1200 degreesC) was found to be 262 MPa. Scanning electron microscope observation of fracture surfaces at a different loading rates indicated that the strength loss at higher temperatures was consistent with a softening of glassy materials present at grain junctions. (C) 2001 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Thomas, G (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT 26 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 18 BP 3767 EP 3773 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00268-3 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 485EX UT WOS:000171741500011 ER PT J AU Lee, CS Zhang, XF Thomas, G AF Lee, CS Zhang, XF Thomas, G TI Novel joining of dissimilar ceramics in the Si3N4-Al2O3 system using polytypoid functional gradients SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE sialon polytypoids; transmission electron microscopy (TEM) ID SILICON-NITRIDE; NITROGEN CERAMICS AB A unique approach to crack-free joining of heterogeneous ceramics is demonstrated by the use of sialon polytypoids as Functionally graded materials (FGM) as defined by the phase diagram in the system, Si3N4-Al2O3. Polytypoids in the Al2O3-Si3N4 system offer a path to compatibility for heterogeneous ceramics. This paper describes successful hot press sintering of multilayered FGMs with 20 layers of thickness 500 pm each. Transmission electron microscopy was used to identify the polytypoids at the interfaces of different areas of the joint. It has been found that the 15R polytypoid was formed in the Al2O3-contained layers and the 12H polytypoid was formed in the Si3N4-contained layers. (C) 2001 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lee, CS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 22 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT 26 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 18 BP 3775 EP 3780 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00269-5 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 485EX UT WOS:000171741500012 ER PT J AU Solas, DE Tome, CN Engler, O Wenk, HR AF Solas, DE Tome, CN Engler, O Wenk, HR TI Deformation and recrystallization of hexagonal metals: Modeling and experimental results for zinc SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE recrystallization; texture; polycrystal model ID PREFERRED ORIENTATION; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; SIMPLE SHEAR; INNER-CORE; SIMULATION; EVOLUTION; OLIVINE; ALLOYS; POLYCRYSTALS; GROWTH AB A polycrystal approach that divides the grains into small cells and accounts for local interactions in a self consistent way is used to calculate deformation and texture evolution of hexagonal zinc. As this model incorporates local effects, it predicts intragranular deformation and gives a description of the deformed microstructure in terms of misorientation between elements and variation in stored energy. This provides information which can be used as a basis for simulating recrystallization processes. The grains are composed of parallelepipedic cells, and a Monte Carlo algorithm is used for simulating static recrystallization. Nucleation and boundary mobility depend on the misorientation between cells and on the local variation in stored energy. The model is applied to simulate the kinetics of static recrystallization and the associated change in crystallographic texture in zinc polycrystals. Experimental results obtained by deforming zinc in plane strain compression compare well with the predictions and are consistent with a mechanism where nucleation occurring in highly deformed domains controls the recrystallization kinetic. (C) 2001 Acta Materialia Inc. published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geol & Geophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tome, CN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Tome, Carlos/D-5058-2013 NR 33 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT 26 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 18 BP 3791 EP 3801 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00261-0 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 485EX UT WOS:000171741500014 ER PT J AU Cerreta, E Mahajan, S AF Cerreta, E Mahajan, S TI Formation of deformation twins in TiAl SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE intermetallic; twinning ID CRYSTALS AB Mechanisms have been proposed for the formation of fault-pairs in the L1(0) structure that involve both ordinary and super glide dislocations having co-planar Burgers vectors. These fault-pairs could serve as two-layer embryonic twins and twin thickening may occur by the coalescence of fault-pairs located at different levels within a slip band. The crystallographies of deformation twins are examined in as-processed TiAl by transmission electron microscopy and are correlated with that of slip required for the formation of fault-pairs. The correlations are consistent with the suggestion that fault-pairs maybe involved in the formation of deformation twins. Slip is observed ahead of a twin terminating within a crystal. Arguments are developed to rationalize this observation. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Cerreta, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST-8,Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT 26 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 18 BP 3803 EP 3809 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00264-6 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 485EX UT WOS:000171741500015 ER PT J AU Cox, BN Sridhar, N Beyerlein, IJ AF Cox, BN Sridhar, N Beyerlein, IJ TI Inertial effects in the pullout mechanism during dynamic loading of a bridged crack SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE composites; dynamic phenomena; fracture ID MATRIX CRACKING; COMPOSITES AB Inertial effects in the mechanism of fibre pullout during the dynamic propagation of a bridged crack are examined by reposing simple shear lag models of pullout as problems of dynamic wave propagation. The only coupling considered between the fibres and the matrix is uniform, rate independent friction-no debond energy is included. Analytical solutions are found for the coupled waves propagating in the fibres and the matrix away from the fracture plane of the bridged crack as the bridging tractions increase with time. These solutions yield the time-dependent relationship between the crack, opening displacement and the bridging traction. Engineering criteria for inertial effects being significant are deduced by comparing the dynamic bridging traction law with its counterpart for static loading, which is recovered as a limit of the dynamic case. The criteria are evaluated for two crack cases: the asymptotic limit of a long, fully bridged matrix crack propagating unstably through a fibrous composite under remote tension; and a finite crack partially bridged by stitches or rods that delaminates a double cantilever beam under the impetus of a flying wedge. In both cases, the rate of increase of the crack opening displacement appears to be sufficient for inertial effects to be pronounced in the bridging (pullout) mechanism. Expected trends of the significance of inertial effects with material and geometrical parameters are identified. (C) 2001 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Rockwell Int Sci Ctr, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Cox, BN (reprint author), Rockwell Int Sci Ctr, 1049 Camino Dos Rios, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA. RI Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011 NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT 26 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 18 BP 3863 EP 3877 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00241-5 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 485EX UT WOS:000171741500021 ER PT J AU Rouhani, S Cartailler, JP Facciotti, MT Walian, P Needleman, R Lanyi, JK Glaeser, RM Luecke, H AF Rouhani, S Cartailler, JP Facciotti, MT Walian, P Needleman, R Lanyi, JK Glaeser, RM Luecke, H TI Crystal structure of the D85S mutant of bacteriorhodopsin: Model of an O-like photocycle intermediate SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bacteriorhodopsin; photocycle intermediate; membrane protein; X-ray crystallography ID PROTEIN CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; RESONANCE RAMAN-SPECTRA; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; PROTON-RELEASE; HALOBACTERIUM-HALOBIUM; CHROMOPHORE STRUCTURE; TRANSFER PATHWAYS; ION-PUMP; M-STATE; TRANSPORT AB Crystal structures are reported for the D85S and D85S/F219L mutants of the light-driven proton/hydroxyl-pump bacteriorhodopsin. These mutants crystallize in the orthorhombic C222(1) spacegroup, and provide the first demonstration that monoolein-based cubic lipid phase crystallization can support the growth of well-diffracting crystals in non-hexagonal spacegroups. Both structures exhibit similar and substantial differences relative to wild-type bacteriorhodopsin, suggesting that they represent inherent features resulting from neutralization of the Schiff base counterion Asp85. We argue that these structures provide a model for the last photocycle intermediate (O) of bacteriorhodopsin, in which Asp85 is protonated, the proton release group is deprotonated, and the retinal has reisomerized to all-traps. Unlike for the M and N photointermediates, where structural changes occur mainly on the cytoplasmic side, here the large-scale changes are confined to the extracellular side. As in the M intermediate, the side-chain of Arg82 is in a downward configuration, and in addition, a TE-cloud hydrogen bond forms between Trp189 NE1 and Trp138. On fine cytoplasmic side, there is increased hydration near the surface, suggesting how Asp96 might communicate with the bulk during the rise of the O intermediate. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Stanley Donner ASU, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Biochem, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Luecke, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RI Cartailler, Jean-Philippe/D-2543-2010; Lanyi, Janos/C-3808-2011; Luecke, Hartmut "Hudel"/F-4712-2012 OI Cartailler, Jean-Philippe/0000-0002-0312-2391; Luecke, Hartmut "Hudel"/0000-0002-4938-0775 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P01-GM51487, R01-GM29498, R01-GM59970] NR 51 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD OCT 26 PY 2001 VL 313 IS 3 BP 615 EP 628 DI 10.1006/jmbi.2001.5066 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 489EL UT WOS:000171979000014 PM 11676543 ER PT J AU Lester, WA AF Lester, WA TI Research developments and progress during the nineties SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE Monte Carlo methods; ab initio; molecular scattering; nondynamical correlation ID QUANTUM MONTE-CARLO; ACCELERATED METROPOLIS METHOD; REORIENTATION CROSS-SECTIONS; CO INTERACTION; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; OSCILLATOR STRENGTH; DIATOMIC-MOLECULES; 3D-METAL SURFACES; CR(110) SURFACE; TRANSITION AB I summarize below the research contributions from my research group from 1990 to the end of the year 2000. Published by gr Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lester, WA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD OCT 26 PY 2001 VL 573 BP 55 EP 62 DI 10.1016/S0166-1280(01)00543-7 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 484BP UT WOS:000171670600006 ER PT J AU Gasaneo, G Ovchinnikov, S Macek, JH AF Gasaneo, G Ovchinnikov, S Macek, JH TI A Kontorovich-Lebedev representation for zero-range potential eigensolutions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID THRESHOLD LAW; COLLISIONS; ENERGY; MODEL AB A novel mathematically simple Kontorovich-Lebedev representation of solutions to the Schrodinger equation for a three-particle problem where two of them interact via a zero-range potential is developed. The asymptotic limits and regularity properties are studied. The connection between the representations for E > 0 and E < 0 is also discussed. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Nacl Sur, RA-8000 Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gasaneo, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD OCT 26 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 42 BP 8941 EP 8954 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/34/42/315 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 491PZ UT WOS:000172118600019 ER PT J AU Loreau, M Naeem, S Inchausti, P Bengtsson, J Grime, JP Hector, A Hooper, DU Huston, MA Raffaelli, D Schmid, B Tilman, D Wardle, DA AF Loreau, M Naeem, S Inchausti, P Bengtsson, J Grime, JP Hector, A Hooper, DU Huston, MA Raffaelli, D Schmid, B Tilman, D Wardle, DA TI Ecology - Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: Current knowledge and future challenges SO SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID SPECIES RICHNESS; PLANT DIVERSITY; GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEMS; EUROPEAN GRASSLANDS; PRODUCTIVITY; STABILITY; COMMUNITIES; CONSEQUENCES AB The ecological consequences of biodiversity loss have aroused considerable interest and controversy during the past decade. Major advances have been made in describing the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem processes, in identifying functionally important species, and in revealing underlying mechanisms. There is, however, uncertainty as to how results obtained in recent experiments scale up to landscape and regional levels and generalize across ecosystem types and processes. Larger numbers of species are probably needed to reduce temporal variability in ecosystem processes in changing environments. A major future challenge is to determine how biodiversity dynamics, ecosystem processes, and abiotic factors interact. C1 Ecole Normale Super, Ecol Lab, UMR 7625, F-75230 Paris 05, France. Univ Washington, Dept Zool, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol & Crop Prod Sci, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, NERC, Ctr Populat Biol, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. Western Washington Univ, Dept Biol, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ York, Dept Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Univ Zurich, Inst Umweltwissensch, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Loreau, M (reprint author), Ecole Normale Super, Ecol Lab, UMR 7625, 46 Rue Ulm, F-75230 Paris 05, France. RI Huston, Michael/B-1434-2009; Schmid, Bernhard/C-8625-2009; Wardle, David/F-6031-2011; Hector, Andrew/H-4199-2011 OI Huston, Michael/0000-0001-9513-1166; Schmid, Bernhard/0000-0002-8430-3214; Wardle, David/0000-0002-0476-7335; Hector, Andrew/0000-0002-1309-7716 NR 58 TC 1798 Z9 2014 U1 148 U2 1621 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 26 PY 2001 VL 294 IS 5543 BP 804 EP 808 DI 10.1126/science.1064088 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 487AP UT WOS:000171851800033 PM 11679658 ER PT J AU Schroeder, WD Fontenot, CJ Schrader, GL AF Schroeder, WD Fontenot, CJ Schrader, GL TI 1,3-butadiene selective oxidation over VMoO catalysts: New insights into the reaction pathway SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE hydrocarbon selective oxidation; mixed metal oxide catalysts; 1,3-butadiene partial oxidation ID VAPOR-PHASE OXIDATION; V2O5-MOO3 CATALYSTS; VANADIUM PENTOXIDE; MALEIC-ANHYDRIDE; V2O5; BUTADIENE; BENZENE; FURAN; XPS; POSITION AB The partial oxidation of 1,3-butadiene has been investigated over VMoO catalysts synthesized by sol-gel techniques. Surface areas were 9-14 m(2)/g, and compositions were within the solid solution regime, i.e., below 15-0 mol% (MoO(3)) in V(2)O(5). Laser Raman and XRD data indicated that solid solutions were formed, and pre- and postreaction XPS data indicated that catalyst surfaces were reduced by the 1,3-butadiene-in-air feeds. The reaction pathway for 1,3-butadiene partial oxidation to maleic anhydride was shown to involve intermediates such as 3,4-epoxy-1-butene, crotonaldehyde, furan, and 2-butene-1,4-dial. The addition of water to the reaction stream substantially increased catalyst activity and improved selectivity to crotonaldehyde and furan at specific reaction temperatures., (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Schrader, GL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 29 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD OCT 25 PY 2001 VL 203 IS 2 BP 382 EP 392 DI 10.1006/jcat.2001.3333 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 489CA UT WOS:000171973400013 ER PT J AU Feldman, WC Maurice, S Lawrence, DJ Little, RC Lawson, SL Gasnault, O Wiens, RC Barraclough, BL Elphic, RC Prettyman, TH Steinberg, JT Binder, AB AF Feldman, WC Maurice, S Lawrence, DJ Little, RC Lawson, SL Gasnault, O Wiens, RC Barraclough, BL Elphic, RC Prettyman, TH Steinberg, JT Binder, AB TI Evidence for water ice near the lunar poles SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article ID POLAR HYDROGEN DEPOSITS; EPITHERMAL NEUTRONS; THORIUM ABUNDANCES; SOLAR-WIND; DIFFUSION; SURFACE; MOON; PROSPECTOR; MERCURY; MAGNETOPAUSE AB Improved versions of Lunar Prospector thermal and epithermal neutron data were studied to help discriminate between potential delivery and retention mechanisms for hydrogen on the Moon. Improved spatial resolution at both poles shows that the largest concentrations of hydrogen overlay regions in permanent shade. In the north these regions consist of a heavily cratered terrain containing many,small (less than similar to 10-km diameter), isolated craters. These border circular areas of hydrogen abundance ([H]) that is only modestly enhanced above the average equatorial value but that falls within large, flat-bottomed, and sunlit polar craters. Near the south pole, [H] is enhanced within several 30-km-scale craters that are in permanent shade but is only modestly enhanced within their sunlit neighbors. We show that delivery by the solar wind cannot account for these observations because the diffusivity of hydrogen at the temperatures within both sunlit and permanently shaded craters near both poles is sufficiently low that a solar wind origin cannot explain their differences. We conclude that a significant portion of the enhanced hydrogen near both poles is most likely in the form of water molecules. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lunar Res Inst, Tucson, AZ 85747 USA. Observ Midi Pyrenees, F-31400 Toulouse, France. RP Feldman, WC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D-466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Gasnault, Olivier/F-4327-2010; Lawrence, David/E-7463-2015; OI Gasnault, Olivier/0000-0002-6979-9012; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667; Prettyman, Thomas/0000-0003-0072-2831 NR 68 TC 135 Z9 141 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD OCT 25 PY 2001 VL 106 IS E10 BP 23231 EP 23251 DI 10.1029/2000JE001444 PG 21 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 488FQ UT WOS:000171925900005 ER PT J AU Groenewold, GS Scott, JR Gianotto, AK Hodges, BDM Kessinger, GF Benson, MT Wright, JB AF Groenewold, GS Scott, JR Gianotto, AK Hodges, BDM Kessinger, GF Benson, MT Wright, JB TI Gas-phase condensation reactions of SixOyHz- oxyanions with H2O SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CLUSTERS; NITRATE; SILICA; SOIL AB Water was reacted with gas-phase oxyanions having the general composition SixOyHz- that were formed and isolated in an ion trap-secondary ion mass spectrometer (IT-SIMS). The radical SiO2.- reacted slowly with H2O to abstract HO., forming SiO3H-, at a rate of 8 x 10(-13) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), corresponding to an efficiency of about 0.03% compared with the theoretical collision rate constant (average dipole orientation). The product ion SiO3H- underwent a consecutive condensation reaction with H2O to form SiO4H3- at a rate that was approximately 0.4-0.7% efficient. SiO4H3- did not undergo further reaction with water. The multiple reaction pathways by which radical SiO3.- reacted with H2O were kinetically modeled using a stochastic approach. SiO3.- reacted with water by three parallel reaction pathways: (1) abstraction of a radical H-. to form SiO3H-, which then reacted with a second H2O to form SiO4H3-; (2) abstraction of a radical OH. to form SiO4H-, which further reacted by consecutive H-. abstractions to form SiO4H2.- and then SiO4H3-; and (3) condensation with H2O to form SiO4H2.-, which subsequently abstracted a radical H-. from a second H2O to form SiO4H3-. In all of these reactions, the rate constants were determined to be very slow, as determined by both direct measurement and stochastic modeling. For comparison, the even electron ion Si2O5H- was also investigated: it underwent condensation with H2O to form Si2O6H3-, with a rate constant corresponding to 50% efficiency. The reactions were also modeled using ab initio calculations at the UB3LYP/6-311 + G(2d,p) level. Addition of H2O to SiO3.-, SiO3H-, and Si2O5H- was calculated to be approximately 42, 45, and 55 kcal mol(-1) exothermic, respectively, and encountered low activation barriers. Modeling Of SiO2.- and SiO3.- reactions with H2O failed to produce radical abstraction reaction pathways observed in the IT-SIMS, possibly indicating that alternative reaction mechanisms are operative. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Groenewold, GS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RI Scott, Jill/G-7275-2012; Benson, Michael/B-8855-2017 OI Benson, Michael/0000-0003-4927-614X NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD OCT 25 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 42 BP 9681 EP 9688 DI 10.1021/jp010905e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 486EG UT WOS:000171805000009 ER PT J AU Byrd, EFC Sherrill, CD Head-Gordon, M AF Byrd, EFC Sherrill, CD Head-Gordon, M TI The theoretical prediction of molecular radical species: a systematic study of equilibrium geometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; QUADRATIC CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; REFERENCE WAVE-FUNCTIONS; COUPLED-CLUSTER THEORY; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ROTATION INTERACTION; ORBITAL METHODS; MOLLER-PLESSET AB A systematic study of the accuracy of structures, and frequencies of 33 small radical molecules is presented as predicted by Hartree-Fock (HF) theory, second-order Moller-Plesset (MP2) theory, coupled-cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) theory, coupled-cluster singles and doubles with perturbational triples correction [CCSD(T)] theory, and gradient-corrected density functional theory with 3-parameter exact exchange mixing (B3LYP). For all methods, calculations were carried out using the Pople 6-31G**, the correlation-consistent polarized valence double-zeta (cc-pVDZ), and the correlation-consistent polarized valence triple-zeta (cc-pVTZ) basis sets. While basis set effects were moderate, large differences in the performance of the different methods were found. Due primarily to artifactual symmetry breaking and orbital instabilities, both restricted and unrestricted HF and MP2 perform too erratically to be acceptable. CCSD with either restricted or unrestricted orbitals yields results in generally good agreement with experiment. However CCSD(T) geometries and frequencies exhibit a surprising lack of improvement and in many cases are less accurate than CCSD. The accuracy of B3LYP, however, is roughly comparable, or better, to CCSD and at much reduced computational cost and therefore is a good compromise between cost and accuracy for the routine study of molecular radicals. In addition, for several radicals significant discrepancies exist between the most reliable computational methods and existing experimental data for structures and frequencies. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Head-Gordon, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Sherrill, David/0000-0002-5570-7666 NR 60 TC 121 Z9 122 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD OCT 25 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 42 BP 9736 EP 9747 DI 10.1021/jp011132x PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 486EG UT WOS:000171805000016 ER PT J AU Ivanov, IN Dabestani, R Buchanan, AC Sigman, ME AF Ivanov, IN Dabestani, R Buchanan, AC Sigman, ME TI Fluorescence decay study of anisotropic rotations of substituted pyrenes physisorbed and chemically attached to a fumed silica surface SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SOLUTE-SOLVENT INTERACTION; ENVIRONMENTAL PHOTOCHEMISTRY; PHOTOSENSITIZED DEGRADATION; PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION; MOLECULAR ASSOCIATION; SOLVATION DYNAMICS; DRY SILICA; GEL; WATER; MECHANISM AB Optical polarization spectroscopy has been used to investigate molecular dynamics of the fluorescent probes 1-pyrenebutanol and 1-pyrenebutyric acid at the solid/air interface of cab-o-sil (fumed silica nanoparticles). Pyrenebutanol was chemically attached to the surface of cab-o-sil through a silyl ether bond, while pyrenebutyric acid was physisorbed on the surface. Dynamics of fluorescence depolarization for both molecules was studied under steady-state and time-resolved conditions. Low and high loadings of the probe molecules were used in our studies to examine the dynamics of the probes motion and excimer formation. Our data indicate that excimer formation is mostly static in nature for the adsorbed probe, but shows more dynamic character for the chemically attached probe with spacer molecules present. Fluorescence lifetimes were dependent on the concentration of the probe molecule and became shorter at higher surface loadings for both the chemically attached and physisorbed probes. For the chemically attached probe, the presence of excess co-attached biphenyl molecules was found to provide a 2-D solvent-like environment. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dabestani, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, POB 2008,MS-6100, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI ivanov, ilia/D-3402-2015 OI ivanov, ilia/0000-0002-6726-2502 NR 62 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 25 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 42 BP 10308 EP 10315 DI 10.1021/jp010858q PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 486EH UT WOS:000171805100023 ER PT J AU DeCamp, MF Reis, DA Bucksbaum, PH Adams, B Caraher, JM Clarke, R Conover, CWS Dufresne, EM Merlin, R Stoica, V Wahlstrand, JK AF DeCamp, MF Reis, DA Bucksbaum, PH Adams, B Caraher, JM Clarke, R Conover, CWS Dufresne, EM Merlin, R Stoica, V Wahlstrand, JK TI Coherent control of pulsed X-ray beams SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS; DIFFRACTION; PHONONS; GENERATION; DYNAMICS AB Synchrotrons produce continuous trains of closely spaced X-ray pulses. Application of such sources to the study of atomic-scale motion requires efficient modulation of these beams on timescales ranging from nanoseconds to femtoseconds. However, ultrafast X-ray modulators are not generally available. Here we report efficient subnanosecond coherent switching of synchrotron beams by using acoustic pulses in a crystal to modulate the anomalous low-loss transmission of X-ray pulses. The acoustic excitation transfers energy between two X-ray beams in a time shorter than the synchrotron pulse width of about 100 ps. Gigahertz modulation of the diffracted X-rays is also observed. We report different geometric arrangements, such as a switch based on the collision of two counter-propagating acoustic pulses: this doubles the X-ray modulation frequency, and also provides a means of observing a localized transient strain inside an opaque material. We expect that these techniques could be scaled to produce subpicosecond pulses, through laser-generated coherent optical phonon modulation of X-ray diffraction in crystals. Such ultrafast capabilities have been demonstrated thus far only in laser-generated X-ray sources, or through the use of X-ray streak cameras(1-6). C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, FOCUS Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Colby Coll, Waterville, ME 04901 USA. RP DeCamp, MF (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. OI Merlin, Roberto/0000-0002-5584-0248 NR 22 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 21 PU MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD OCT 25 PY 2001 VL 413 IS 6858 BP 825 EP 828 DI 10.1038/35101560 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 485JA UT WOS:000171750200040 PM 11677601 ER PT J AU Huang, EY Madireddi, MT Gopalkrishnan, RV Leszczyniecka, M Su, ZZ Lebedeva, IV Kang, DC Jiang, HP Lin, JJ Alexandre, D Chen, YM Vozhilla, N Mei, MX Christiansen, KA Sivo, F Goldstein, NI Mhashilkar, AB Chada, S Huberman, E Pestka, S Fisher, PB AF Huang, EY Madireddi, MT Gopalkrishnan, RV Leszczyniecka, M Su, ZZ Lebedeva, IV Kang, DC Jiang, HP Lin, JJ Alexandre, D Chen, YM Vozhilla, N Mei, MX Christiansen, KA Sivo, F Goldstein, NI Mhashilkar, AB Chada, S Huberman, E Pestka, S Fisher, PB TI Genomic structure, chromosomal localization and expression profile of a novel melanoma differentiation associated (mda-7) gene with cancer specific growth suppressing and apoptosis inducing properties SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE melanoma differentiation associated gene-7; terminal cell differentiation; gene expression; genomic structure; IL-10 cytokine family ID HUMAN ADENOVIRUS TYPE-5; TERMINAL DIFFERENTIATION; IMMUNE INTERFERONS; LEUKEMIA-CELLS; IN-VITRO; PROGRESSION; DNA; ARREST; IDENTIFICATION; COMBINATION AB Abnormalities in cellular differentiation are frequent occurrences in human cancers. Treatment of human melanoma cells with recombinant fibroblast interferon (IFN-beta) and the protein kinase C activator mezerein (MEZ) results in an irreversible loss in growth potential, suppression of tumorigenic properties and induction of terminal cell differentiation. Subtraction hybridization identified melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (mda-7), as a gene induced during these physiological changes in human melanoma cells. Ectopic expression of mda-7 by means of a replication defective adenovirus results in growth suppression and induction of apoptosis in a broad spectrum of additional cancers, including melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, osteosarcoma and carcinomas of the breast, cervix, colon, lung, nasopharynx and prostate. In contrast, no apparent harmful effects occur when mda-7 is expressed in normal epithelial or fibroblast cells. Human clones of mda-7 were isolated and its organization resolved in terms of intron/exon structure and chromosomal localization. Hu-mda-7 encompasses seven exons and six introns and encodes a protein with a predicted size of 23.8 kDa, consisting of 206 amino acids. Hu-mda-7 mRNA is stably expressed in the thymus, spleen and peripheral blood leukocytes. De novo mda-7 mRNA expression is also detected in human melanocytes and expression is inducible in cells of melanocyte/melanoma lineage and in certain normal and cancer cell types following treatment with a combination of IFN-beta plus MEZ. Mda-7 expression is also induced during megakaryocyte differentiation induced in human hematopoietic cells by treatment with TPA (12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate). In contrast, de novo expression of mda-7 is not detected nor is it inducible by IFN-beta +MEZ in a spectrum of additional normal and cancer cells. No correlation was observed between induction of mda-7 mRNA expression and growth suppression following treatment with IFN-beta +MEZ and induction of endogenous mda-7 mRNA by combination treatment did not result in significant intracellular MDA-7 protein. Radiation hybrid mapping assigned the mda-7 gene to human chromosome 1q, at 1q 32.2 to 1q41, an area containing a cluster of genes associated with the IL-10 family of cytokines. Mda-7 represents a differentiation, growth and apoptosis associated gene with potential utility for the gene-based therapy of diverse human cancers. C1 Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Pathol, Herbert Irving Comprehens Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Urol, Herbert Irving Comprehens Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Neurosurg, Herbert Irving Comprehens Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. Introgen Therapeut Inc, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Mechanist Biol & Biotechnol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Fisher, PB (reprint author), Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Pathol, Herbert Irving Comprehens Canc Ctr, BB 15-1501,630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA80826, CA35675]; NIAMS NIH HHS [P30-AR44535] NR 55 TC 169 Z9 211 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD OCT 25 PY 2001 VL 20 IS 48 BP 7051 EP 7063 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1204897 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 485DY UT WOS:000171739300008 PM 11704829 ER PT J AU Norman, EB Rech, GA Browne, E Larimer, RM Dragowsky, MR Chan, YD Isaac, MCP McDonald, RJ Smith, AR AF Norman, EB Rech, GA Browne, E Larimer, RM Dragowsky, MR Chan, YD Isaac, MCP McDonald, RJ Smith, AR TI Influence of physical and chemical environments on the decay rates of Be-7 and K-40 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE Be-7 K-40; electron-capture decay; gamma-ray spectroscopy AB We measured the electron-capture decay rate of Be-7 implanted into hosts of graphite, boron nitride, tantalum, and gold. We have found that this decay rate varies by as much as 0.38% from one host to another. We also measured the electron-capture decay rate of K-40 in four different chemical compounds and as both a solid and dissolved in solution. To within our measurement precision of +/- 1 %, we have found no influence of the environment on the K-40 decay rate. The implications of these results for the solar neutrino problem and for potassium/argon dating are discussed. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Norman, EB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 19 TC 41 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 25 PY 2001 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 15 EP 22 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)01097-8 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 484PM UT WOS:000171698800003 ER PT J AU Havlin, RH Laws, DD Bitter, HML Sanders, LK Sun, HH Grimley, JS Wemmer, DE Pines, A Oldfield, E AF Havlin, RH Laws, DD Bitter, HML Sanders, LK Sun, HH Grimley, JS Wemmer, DE Pines, A Oldfield, E TI An experimental and theoretical investigation of the chemical shielding tensors of C-13(alpha) of alanine, valine, and leucine residues in solid peptides and in proteins in solution SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; QUANTUM-CHEMISTRY; STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; SHIFT ANISOTROPIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; FORCE-FIELD; ALPHA; ACIDS; THREONINE AB We have carried out a solid-state magic-angle sample-spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic investigation of the C-13(alpha), chemical shielding tensors of alanine, valine, and leucine residues in a series of crystalline peptides of known structure. For alanine and leucine, which are not branched at the beta -carbon, the experimental chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) spans (Omega) are large, about 30 ppm, independent of whether the residues adopt helical or sheet geometries, and are in generally good accord with Omega values calculated by using ab initio Hartree-Fock quantum chemical methods. The experimental Omegas for valine C-alpha in two peptides (in sheet geometries) are also large and in good agreement with theoretical predictions. In contrast, the "CSAs" (Delta sigma*) obtained from solution NMR data for alanine, valine, and leucine residues in proteins show major differences, with helical residues having Delta sigma* values of similar to6 ppm while sheet residues have Delta sigma* approximate to 27 ppm. The origins of these differences are shown to be due to the different definitions of the CSA, When defined in terms of the solution NMR CSA, the solid-state results also show small helical but large sheet CSA values. These results are of interest since they lead to the idea that only the beta -branched amino acids threonine, valine, and isoleucine can have small (static) tensor spans, Omega (in helical creometries), and that the small helical "CSAs" seen in solution NMR are overwhelmingly dominated by changes in tensor orientation, from sheet to helix. These results have important implications for solid-state NMR structural studies which utilize the CSA span, Omega, to differentiate between helical and sheet residues. Specifically, there will be only a small degree of spectral editing possible in solid proteins since the spans, Omega, for the dominant nonbranched amino acids are quite similar. Editing on the basis of Omega will, however, be very effective for many Thr, Val, and Hen residues, which frequently have small (similar to 15-20 ppm) helical CSA (Omega) spans. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Biophys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Oldfield, E (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, 600 S Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-10770]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-50694] NR 31 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 24 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 42 BP 10362 EP 10369 DI 10.1021/ja0115060 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 486FT UT WOS:000171808300025 PM 11603987 ER PT J AU Song, JH Wu, YY Messer, B Kind, H Yang, PD AF Song, JH Wu, YY Messer, B Kind, H Yang, PD TI Metal nanowire formation using Mo3Se3- as reducing and sacrificing templates SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CARBON NANOTUBES C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, PD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Wu, Yiying/A-3949-2011; OI Wu, Yiying/0000-0001-9359-1863 NR 18 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 24 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 42 BP 10397 EP 10398 DI 10.1021/ja016818h PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 486FT UT WOS:000171808300033 PM 11603995 ER PT J AU Huby, T Afzal, V Doucet, C Lawn, RM Gong, EL Chapman, J Thillet, J Rubin, EM AF Huby, T Afzal, V Doucet, C Lawn, RM Gong, EL Chapman, J Thillet, J Rubin, EM TI In vivo analysis of the ACR enhancer upstream of the apo(a) gene using YAC-apo(a) transgenic mice SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 INSERM U551, Paris, France. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. CV Therapeut, Palo Alto, CA USA. RI Huby, Thierry/E-6768-2017 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 23 PY 2001 VL 104 IS 17 SU S MA 63 BP 14 EP 14 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 487UW UT WOS:000171895000063 ER PT J AU Oda, MN Voss, JC Ryan, RO Forte, TM AF Oda, MN Voss, JC Ryan, RO Forte, TM TI Apolipoprotein A-I interaction with lipid induces a conformational transition analogous to that of viral fusion proteins SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Childrens Hosp, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 23 PY 2001 VL 104 IS 17 SU S MA 1016 BP 211 EP 211 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 487UW UT WOS:000171895001008 ER PT J AU Jia, Z Xiang, N Gu, FS AF Jia, Z Xiang, N Gu, FS TI The effects of Aldosterone receptor antagonist on myocardial remodeling in patients with essential hypertension SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Beijing Friendship Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 23 PY 2001 VL 104 IS 17 SU S MA 2725 BP 575 EP 575 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 487UW UT WOS:000171895002703 ER PT J AU Wright, SJ AF Wright, SJ TI Effects of finite-precision arithmetic on interior-point methods for nonlinear programming SO SIAM JOURNAL ON OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Article DE primal-dual interior-point algorithms; finite-precision arithmetic; nonlinear programming; constraint qualification ID SUPERLINEAR CONVERGENCE; INDEFINITE SYSTEMS; LINEAR-EQUATIONS; STABILITY; FACTORIZATIONS AB We show that the effects of finite-precision arithmetic in forming and solving the linear system that arises at each iteration of primal-dual interior-point algorithms for nonlinear programming are benign, provided that the iterates satisfy centrality and feasibility conditions of the type usually associated with path-following methods. When we replace the standard assumption that the active constraint gradients are independent by the weaker Mangasarian-Fromovitz constraint qualification, rapid convergence usually is attainable, even when cancellation and roundoff errors occur during the calculations. In deriving our main results, we prov a key technical result about the size of the exact primal-dual step. This result can be used to modify existing analysis of primal-dual interior-point methods for convex programming, making it possible to extend the superlinear local convergence results to the nonconvex case. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Wright, SJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1052-6234 J9 SIAM J OPTIMIZ JI SIAM J. Optim. PD OCT 23 PY 2001 VL 12 IS 1 BP 36 EP 78 DI 10.1137/S1052623498347438 PG 43 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 490HY UT WOS:000172047500003 ER PT J AU Park, BH Li, LS Gibbons, BJ Huang, JY Jia, QX AF Park, BH Li, LS Gibbons, BJ Huang, JY Jia, QX TI Photovoltaic response and dielectric properties of epitaxial anatase-TiO2 films grown on conductive La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 electrodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; TIO2; CRYSTALS AB We have grown epitaxial anatase-TiO2 (001) films on La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (001) bottom electrodes using pulsed-laser deposition. The small lattice mismatch (0.5%) between the anatase-TiO2 and the La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 makes it possible to grow anatase-TiO2 films with excellent crystallinity on conductive metal oxides. The photovoltaic properties of the epitaxial anatase-TiO2 on the La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 were characterized using a Kelvin probe. The optical band-gap energy was found to be 3.05 eV. The dielectric properties of the epitaxial anatase-TiO2 films were characterized using a capacitor structure of Au/anatase-TiO2/La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 on a LaAlO3 substrate. The dielectric dispersion exhibited a power-law dependence, and the dielectric constant measured at room temperature and 1 MHz was 38. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Supercond Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Park, BH (reprint author), Konkuk Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 143701, South Korea. RI Huang, Jianyu/C-5183-2008; Park, Bae Ho/D-4840-2011; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 16 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 17 BP 2797 EP 2799 DI 10.1063/1.1412822 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 482UD UT WOS:000171594400040 ER PT J AU Sinha, SK AF Sinha, SK TI The impact of synchrotron radiation on nanoscience SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the International Workshop on Nanomaterials CY FEB 05-08, 2001 CL CALCUTTA, INDIA DE X-ray nanoprobe; magnetic X-ray scattering; domain imaging photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM); confined fluids; fresnel zone plate; residual stress ID CONFINED FILMS; ZONE PLATES; X-RAYS; MULTILAYER; DYNAMICS; FLUID AB We shall review the various methods, which are currently in use or planned for the characterization of the structure and dynamics of nanostructured materials. These include X-ray microscopy, microdiffraction. imaging and X-ray scattering. Examples will be presented of nanostructured systems of interest where such studies are being used to study the effects of nanoconfinement in one. two and three dimensions. These include magnetic films, magnetic dots, quantum wells, nanowires, etc. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sinha, SK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Expt Facil Div, 9700 So Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 182 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 176 EP 185 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(01)00439-1 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 492PF UT WOS:000172176200002 ER PT J AU Felcher, GP te Velthuis, SGE AF Felcher, GP te Velthuis, SGE TI Perspectives of polarized-neutron reflectometry: magnetic domains and off-specular scattering SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the International Workshop on Nanomaterials CY FEB 05-08, 2001 CL CALCUTTA, INDIA DE polarized-neutron reflectivity; off-specular scattering; magnetic thin films; multilayers; domains ID FE/CR MULTILAYERS; X-RAY; MAGNETORESISTANCE; DIFFRACTION; ROUGHNESS; ORDER; FILMS AB Specular reflectometry of polarized-neutrons was developed in the 1980s as a tool for measuring magnetic depth profiles in flat films, which were laterally uniform. When the lateral uniformity breaks down in an assembly of domains, off-specular grazing incidence scattering takes place. This review discusses this new frontier of reflectometry, describing the advances that are taking place in linking the observations of the scattering at grazing incidence with the size, the statistics, and the magnetic orientation of the domains. The article discusses also the progress made in linking the domain distribution thus found with the transport properties of these nanomagnetic systems. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Felcher, GP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI te Velthuis, Suzanne/I-6735-2013 OI te Velthuis, Suzanne/0000-0002-1023-8384 NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 182 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 209 EP 215 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(01)00413-5 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 492PF UT WOS:000172176200007 ER PT J AU Tolan, M Seydel, T Madsen, A Grubel, G Press, W Sinha, SK AF Tolan, M Seydel, T Madsen, A Grubel, G Press, W Sinha, SK TI Investigation of surface dynamics on micro- and nanometer scales SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the International Workshop on Nanomaterials CY FEB 05-08, 2001 CL CALCUTTA, INDIA DE surface dynamics; XPCS; X-ray scattering ID PHOTON-CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY-SCATTERING; SMECTIC-A FILMS; CAPILLARY WAVES; LIQUID INTERFACES; LENGTH SCALES; REFLECTIVITY; RADIATION; COHERENCE; GLYCEROL AB A kinematical scattering theory for the interpretation of X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) measurements from fluctuating surfaces is discussed in detail. First a general formulation without approximations is given. Then as an example XPCS measurements of capillary wave dynamics on glycerol surfaces will be presented and compared to the calculations applying the usual approximations. It turns out that these approximations work well if the perpendicular wave-vector transfer is small. The measurements confirm on micrometer length scales the prediction from classical hydrodynamics that all waves are overdamped due to the high viscosity of glycerol. In addition. the measurements show that thermally activated capillary wave motion is slowed down exponentially when the sample is cooled below 273 K. Further, the extension of XPCS measurements down to nanometer scales is discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Angew Phys, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tolan, M (reprint author), Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Angew Phys, Leibnizstr 17-19, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 182 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 236 EP 243 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(01)00409-3 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 492PF UT WOS:000172176200011 ER PT J AU Duval, PB Burns, CJ Buschmann, WE Clark, DL Morris, DE Scott, BL AF Duval, PB Burns, CJ Buschmann, WE Clark, DL Morris, DE Scott, BL TI Reaction of the uranyl(VI) ion (UO22+) with a triamidoamine ligand: Preparation and structural characterization of a mixed-valent uranium(V/VI) oxo-imido dimer SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; ORGANOURANIUM COMPLEXES; TRIVALENT URANIUM; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; ORGANOIMIDO; STATE; MOLYBDENUM(VI); COORDINATION; SPECIATION AB The synthesis and structural characterization of a mixed-valent uranium(V/VI) oxo-imido complex are reported. Reaction of the uranyl chloride complex [K(18-crown-6)](2)[UO2Cl4] (1) with the triamidoamine ligand Li-3 [N((CH2CH2NSiBuMe2)-Me-t)(3)] yields oxo-imido [K(18-crown-6)(Et2O)][UO(mu (2)-NCH2CH2N((CH2CH2NSiBuMe2)-Me-t)(2))](2) (2) as the major isolated uranium product in moderate yield. The reaction that forms 2 involves activation of both the triamidoamine ligand and the uranyl dioxo unit of 1. An X-ray crystal structure determination of 2 reveals a dimeric complex in which the coordination geometry at each uranium center is that of a capped trigonal bipyramid. The multidentate triamidoamine ligand coordinates to uranium through the capping amine and two of the three pendant amido ligands, while the third pendant amido donor has been activated to generate a bridging imido ligand by loss of the silyl substituent. One of the uranyl oxo groups is retained as a terminal ligand to complete the coordination sphere for each uranium center. The oxo and imido nitrogen may be regarded as the axial ligands of the trigonal bipyramid, while the two amido ligands and the other imido donor occupy equatorial coordination sites. The central amine of the tripodal set serves as the capping ligand. Distortion of the axial O-U-N angle from 180 degrees emanates from the proximity of the capping amine and the bridging interaction to the other uranium center. The structure and bonding in 2 are assessed in the context of metal-ligand multiple bonding in high-valent actinide complexes. The possibility of valence averaging [5.5/5.5 vs 5.0/6.0] via delocalization or rapid intramolecular electron-transfer dynamics of the unpaired electron is also discussed in the context of crystallographic, spectroscopic (NMR, IR, Raman, and EPR), and electrochemical data. Crystal data for 2: triclinic space group P (1) over bar, a = 12.1144(6) Angstrom, b = 12.6084(6) Angstrom, c = 14.5072(7) Angstrom, alpha = 101.374(1)degrees, beta = 103.757(1)degrees, gamma = 109.340(1)degrees, z = 1, R1 = 0.0523, wR2 = 0.1359. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, GT Seaborg Inst Transactinium Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Burns, CJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Div Nucl Mat Technol, LANL Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011; Morris, David/A-8577-2012; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 55 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 22 BP 5491 EP 5496 DI 10.1021/ic010155n PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 484UP UT WOS:000171708200008 PM 11599946 ER PT J AU Chandler, DP Brown, J Call, DR Wunschel, S Grate, JW Holman, DA Olson, L Stottlemyre, MS Bruckner-Lea, CJ AF Chandler, DP Brown, J Call, DR Wunschel, S Grate, JW Holman, DA Olson, L Stottlemyre, MS Bruckner-Lea, CJ TI Automated immunomagnetic separation and microarray detection of E-coli O157 : H7 from poultry carcass rinse SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE immunomagnetic separation; sequential injection; renewable microcolumn; PCR; microarray; pathogen ID CELL-SEPARATION; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; MAGNETIC DEVICE; FOOD SAMPLES; GROUND-BEEF; APPLE JUICE; WATER; ASSAY; DNA; HYBRIDIZATION AB We describe the development and application of an electromagnetic flow cell and fluidics system for automated immunomagnetic separation (IMS) of Escherichia coli O157:H7 directly from poultry carcass rinse. We further describe the biochemical coupling of automated sample preparation with nucleic acid microarrays. Both the cell concentration system and microarray detection method did not require cell growth or enrichment from the poultry carcass rinse prior to IMS. Highly porous Ni foam was used to enhance the magnetic field gradient within the flow path, providing a mechanism for immobilizing immunomagnetic particles throughout the fluid rather than the tubing wall. A maximum of 32% recovery efficiency of non-pathogenic E. coli was achieved within the automated system with 6 s cell contact times using commercially available antibodies targeted against the O and K antigens. A 15-min protocol (from sample injection though elution) provided a cell recovery efficiency that was statistically similar to >1 It batch captures. O157:H7 cells were reproducibly isolated directly from poultry carcass rinse with 39% recovery efficiency at 10(3) CFU ml(-1) inoculum. Direct plating of washed beads showed positive recovery of O157:H7 directly from poultry carcass rinse at an inoculum. of 10 CFU ml Recovered beads were used for direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and microarray detection, with a process-level detection limit (automated cell concentration though microarray detection) of <10(3) CFU ml(-1) in poultry carcass rinse. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Stat Resources Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Analyt Microbiol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chandler, DP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Analyt Microbiol Grp, Mail Stop P7-50,900 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 36 TC 49 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 70 IS 1-2 BP 143 EP 154 DI 10.1016/S0168-1605(01)00536-0 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 495YQ UT WOS:000172368300015 PM 11759752 ER PT J AU Fedorov, DG Gordon, MS Song, Y Ng, CY AF Fedorov, DG Gordon, MS Song, Y Ng, CY TI Theoretical study of spin-orbit coupling constants for O-2(+) (A (2)Pi(3/2,1/2u), v(+)=0-17 and a (4)Pi(5/2,3/2,1/2,-1/2u), v(+)=0-25) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION PHOTOELECTRON BANDS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS; ENERGY-RANGE; SYSTEM AB The spin-orbit coupling constants (A(v+)) for O-2(+)(A (2)Pi (u),v(+)=0-17) and O-2(+)(a (4)Pi (u),v(+)=0-25) were computed based on the Pauli-Breit Hamiltonian with one and two electron terms for comparison with experimental measurements. In the present theoretical study, the vibrational wave functions are obtained using the potential energy curve calculated at the multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) level of theory, with single and double excitations from the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) reference wave function. The electronic wave functions and spin-orbit coupling constants are obtained at the CASSCF and restricted MRCI levels. The effect on A(v+) for O-2(+)(A (2)Pi (u),v(+)) and O-2(+)(a (4)Pi (u),v(+)) due to interactions of the O-2(+)(A (2)Pi (u),v(+)), O-2(+)(a (4)Pi (u),v(+)), and O-2(+)((2)Sigma (+)(u)) states is examined. The theoretical A(v+) predictions for O-2(+)(A (2)Pi (u),v(+)) are found to be consistent with the experimental finding that O-2(+)(A (2)Pi (u)) is an inverted spin-orbit state at low v(+) levels and becomes a regular spin-orbit state at higher v(+) levels. Good accord between theoretical predictions and experimental results for O-2(+)(A (2)Pi (u),v(+)=0-12) is observed with discrepancies in the range of 2-10 cm(-1). In the case of O-2(+)(a (4)Pi (u),v(+)), excellent agreement between theoretical ab initio and experimental results is found with a discrepancy of 2-5 cm(-1). Our effort to theoretically reproduce experimental fine structure in the A(v+) curve for O-2(+)(a (4)Pi (u),v(+)) based on interstate vibrational interactions has met with limited success. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Fedorov, DG (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 115 IS 16 BP 7393 EP 7400 DI 10.1063/1.1402170 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 484YT UT WOS:000171719200008 ER PT J AU Peterson, KA Flowers, BA Francisco, JS AF Peterson, KA Flowers, BA Francisco, JS TI Accurate ab initio spectroscopic and thermodynamic properties of BBrx and HBBrx (x=0,+1,-1) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; VELOCITY MODULATION SPECTRUM; COUPLED-CLUSTER SINGLES; NU(3) FUNDAMENTAL-BAND; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; MANY-MODE SYSTEMS; ROVIBRATIONAL ENERGIES; LASER SPECTROSCOPY; POTENTIAL-ENERGY; WAVE-FUNCTIONS AB The near-equilibrium potential energy functions (PEFs) of BBr, its ions, BBr+ and BBr-, and HBBr and its ions, HBBr+ and HBBr-, have been determined using the singles and doubles coupled cluster method including a perturbational correction for connected triple excitations, CCSD(T), together with systematic sequences of correlation consistent basis sets. A wide range of spectroscopic constants have been derived from the calculated PEFs as a function of basis set, including results obtained at the extrapolated complete basis set (CBS) limit. After the explicit inclusion of relativistic and core-valence correlation effects, the agreement with the available experimental values is excellent at the CCSD(T)/CBS level of theory. Accurate predictions for the spectroscopic constants of the ions are made. The 0 K adiabatic ionization potentials and electron affinities are predicted to be (in kcal/mol) 224.8, 4.3 (BBr) and 172.8, 22.2 (HBBr). The 0 K proton affinity of BBr is calculated to be 203.7 kcal/mol, while DeltaH(f)(0)(0 K) of BBr and HBBr are predicted to be 62.3 and 51.1 kcal/mol, respectively. The dipole moments and infrared intensities of the ions are calculated to be relatively large, which should facilitate their characterization by experimental methods. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Peterson, KA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 54 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 115 IS 16 BP 7513 EP 7521 DI 10.1063/1.1405435 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 484YT UT WOS:000171719200021 ER PT J AU Ohta, K Yang, M Fleming, GR AF Ohta, K Yang, M Fleming, GR TI Ultrafast exciton dynamics of J-aggregates in room temperature solution studied by third-order nonlinear optical spectroscopy and numerical simulation based on exciton theory SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PUMP-PROBE SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOSYNTHETIC ANTENNA COMPLEXES; LIGHT-HARVESTING SYSTEMS; PEAK SHIFT MEASUREMENTS; PHOTON-ECHO; SOLVATION DYNAMICS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; FLUORESCENCE DEPOLARIZATION; FEMTOSECOND SPECTROSCOPY; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES AB We report a study of the exciton dynamics in 1,1'-diethyl-3,3'-bis(sulforpropyl)-5,5',6,6' -tetrachlorobenzimidacarbocyanine (BIC) J-aggregates in water solution at room temperature by third-order nonlinear optical spectroscopy and numerical simulations based on exciton theory. The temporal profiles of the transient grating signals depend strongly on the excitation intensity as a result of exciton-exciton annihilation. On the other hand, the peak shift measurement gives information on the fluctuations of the transition frequency of the system. The peak shift decays with time constants of 26 and 128 fs. There is no finite peak shift on a longer time scale. The electronic state of J-aggregates is described by a Frenkel exciton Hamiltonian, and the exciton population relaxation processes is described by Redfield equations. Based on the numerical simulations, the peak shift data can only be explained even qualitatively when both exchange narrowing and exciton relaxation process are included in the model. The 128-fs component is assigned to a "hopping" time between exciton units. We confirmed that while the static disorder within an exction state that is partially delocalized due to static disorder is exchange-narrowed, the exchange narrowing of the dynamical disorder is not complete but appears as lifetime broadening, which competes with the exchange narrowing of the fluctuations. The effect of the exciton relaxation on the absorption spectrum is discussed. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ohta, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Yang, Mino/0000-0001-9504-0280 NR 58 TC 65 Z9 68 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 115 IS 16 BP 7609 EP 7621 DI 10.1063/1.1403693 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 484YT UT WOS:000171719200032 ER PT J AU Vaknin, D Kelley, MS Ocko, BM AF Vaknin, D Kelley, MS Ocko, BM TI Sphingomyelin at the air-water interface SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GRAZING-INCIDENCE DIFFRACTION; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PHOSPHOLIPID MONOLAYERS; REFLECTION; CERAMIDE; SCATTERING; BILAYERS; PHASES; FILMS; ACID AB X-ray reflectivity (XR) and grazing incident-angle x-ray diffraction (GIXD) reveal that sphingomyelin, although forming homogeneous monomolecular films at air-water interfaces, does not develop long-range crystalline in-plane order at any in-plane density, most notably at high surface pressures where many other membrane lipids order as two-dimensional crystals. Studies were carried out on the monodisperse synthetic C18-sphingomyelin where both hydrocarbon chains are saturated and on natural sphingomyelin which contains a distribution of chain lengths, with saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon chains. The surface pressure versus molecular area (pi -A) isotherm for the natural sphingomyelin is similar to that of the synthetic, but has a somewhat higher surface pressure at intermediate areas. The absence of in-plane crystalline order is attributed to competing interactions in the head group region: hydrogen bonding in the erythro region, electrostatic interactions among zwitterions of neighboring head groups, and van der Waals among acyl chains. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Vaknin, D (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM vaknin@ameslab.gov RI Vaknin, David/B-3302-2009; OI Vaknin, David/0000-0002-0899-9248; Kelley, Michael/0000-0002-6702-7676 NR 25 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 115 IS 16 BP 7697 EP 7704 DI 10.1063/1.1406501 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 484YT UT WOS:000171719200041 ER PT J AU Paddison, SJ Paul, R Zawodzinski, TA AF Paddison, SJ Paul, R Zawodzinski, TA TI Proton friction and diffusion coefficients in hydrated polymer electrolyte membranes: Computations with a non-equilibrium statistical mechanical model SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANES; NAFION PERFLUORINATED MEMBRANE; X-RAY-SCATTERING; SOLVATED ION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; WATER TRANSPORT; FUEL-CELLS; ELECTROOSMOTIC DRAG; NETWORK MODEL; ACID AB A recently derived mathematical model to compute the effective friction and diffusion coefficients of hydronium ions in hydrated polymer electrolyte membranes is described and tested for dependence on membrane-specific parameters. Contributions to the friction coefficient due to water-polymer, water-hydronium, and hydronium-polymer interactions are determined through computation of force-force correlation functions. The conventional Stokes law friction coefficient of the hydronium ion in bulk water is then "corrected" with these statistically derived contributions and the corresponding diffusion coefficient calculated. For a Nafion(R) membrane pore with an hydration level of six water molecules per sulfonic acid functional, the model was used to compute friction coefficients for various distributions of the fixed sites, and for different side chain lengths. The model showed substantial sensitivity to these parameters and predicted that for pores of fixed volume and a constant total number of sulfonate groups, the friction on the hydrated proton is the greatest for distributions with high local anionic charge density. In a second series of computations where the radius and length of the pore were varied, the model demonstrated that the proton diffusion increases with increasing channel diameter. These calculations, therefore, demonstrate the important predictive capability of this molecular-based, nonequilibrium statistical mechanical model. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Motorola Inc, Computat Mat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Calgary, Dept Chem, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Elect & Electrochem Mat & Devices Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Paddison, SJ (reprint author), Motorola Inc, Computat Mat Grp, Los Alamos Res Pk, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM s.paddison@motorola.com RI Paddison, Stephen/B-2935-2014 NR 56 TC 72 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 115 IS 16 BP 7753 EP 7761 DI 10.1063/1.1405850 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 484YT UT WOS:000171719200047 ER PT J AU Weier, HUG Munne, S Lersch, RA Hsieh, HB Smida, J Chen, XN Korenberg, JR Pedersen, RA Fung, J AF Weier, HUG Munne, S Lersch, RA Hsieh, HB Smida, J Chen, XN Korenberg, JR Pedersen, RA Fung, J TI Towards a full karyotype screening of interphase cells: 'FISH and chip' technology SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Preimplantation Genetics CY JUN 22-23, 2000 CL BOLOGNA, ITALY DE cytogenetics; chromosomes; hybridization; FISH; DNA micro-arrays; digital image analysis (blastomeres) ID PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC DIAGNOSIS; PROBES; TRANSLOCATIONS; LOCALIZATION AB Numerical chromosome aberrations are incompatible with normal human development. Our laboratories develop hybridization-based screening tools that generate a maximum or cytogenetic information for each polar body or blastomere analyzed. The methods are developed considering that the abnormality might require preparation of case-specific probes and that only one or two cells will be available for diagnosis, most of which might be in the interphase stage. Furthermore, assay efficiencies have to be high, since there is typically not enough time to repeat an experiment or reconfirm a result prior to fertilization or embryo transfer. Structural alterations are delineated with break point-spanning probes. When screening for numerical abnormalities, we apply a Spectral Imaging-based approach to simultaneously score as many as ten different chromosome types in individual interphase cells. Finally. DNA micro-arrays are under development to score all of the human chromosomes in a single experiment and to increase the resolution with which micro-deletions can be delineated. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Life Sci Div MS 74 157, Dept Subcellular Struct, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. St Barnabas Hosp, Inst Reprod Med & Sci, Livingston, NJ 07052 USA. GSF Forschungszentrum Umwelt & Gesundheit GmbH, Inst Radiobiol, D-85758 Oberschleissheim, Germany. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Med Genet Birth Defects, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, Reprod Genet Unit, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Weier, HUG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Life Sci Div MS 74 157, Dept Subcellular Struct, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Smida, Jan/P-2486-2014 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [5-T32-ES07106-17] NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0303-7207 J9 MOL CELL ENDOCRINOL JI Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 183 SU 1 BP S41 EP S45 DI 10.1016/S0303-7207(01)00566-4 PG 5 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 490TQ UT WOS:000172067500009 PM 11576731 ER PT J AU Bettencourt, LMA Rajagopal, K Steele, JV AF Bettencourt, LMA Rajagopal, K Steele, JV TI Langevin evolution of disoriented chiral condensate SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; DYNAMIC CRITICAL PHENOMENA; HIGH-ENERGY COLLISIONS; QCD PHASE-TRANSITION; DIMENSIONAL REDUCTION; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; FIELD TREATMENT; CRITICAL-POINT; DENSITY; MODEL AB As the matter produced in a relativistic heavy ion collision cools through the QCD phase transition, the dynamical evolution of the chiral condensate will be driven out of thermal equilibrium. As a prelude to analyzing this evolution, and in particular as a prelude to learning how rapid the cooling must be in order for significant deviations from equilibrium to develop, we present a detailed analysis of the time-evolution of an idealized region of disoriented chiral condensate. We set up a Langevin field equation which can describe the evolution of these (or more realistic) linear sigma model configurations in contact with a heat bath representing the presence of other shorter wavelength degrees of freedom. We first analyze the model in equilibrium, paying particular attention to subtracting ultraviolet divergent classical terms and replacing them by their finite quantum counterparts. We use known results from lattice gauge theory and chiral perturbation theory to fix nonuniversal constants. The result is a theory which is ultraviolet cutoff independent and that reproduces quantitatively the expected equilibrium behavior of the quantum field theory of pions and or fields over a wide range of temperatures. Finally, we estimate the viscosity eta (T), which controls the dynamical timescale in the Langevin equation, by requiring that the timescale for DCC decay agrees with previous calculations. The resulting eta (T) is larger than that found perturbatively. We also determine the temperature below which the classical field Langevin equation ceases to be a good model for the quantum field dynamics. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM lmbett@lns.mit.edu NR 77 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 693 IS 3-4 BP 825 EP 843 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(01)01242-8 PG 19 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 476BV UT WOS:000171207100017 ER PT J AU Battaglieri, M Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M De Vita, R Golovach, E Laget, JM Mokeev, V Ripani, M Adams, G Amaryan, MJ Armstrong, DS Asavapibhop, B Asryan, G Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Barrow, S Beard, K Bektasoglu, M Berman, BL Bianchi, N Biselli, AS Boiarinov, S Branford, D Briscoe, WJ Brooks, WK Burkert, VD Calarco, JR Capitani, GP Carman, DS Carnahan, B Cazes, A Cetina, C Cole, PL Coleman, A Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, JP DeSanctis, E Degtyarenko, PV Demirchyan, R Denizli, H Dennis, L Dharmawardane, KV Dhuga, KS Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Dytman, S Eckhause, M Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Elouadrhiri, L Farhi, L Feuerbach, RJ Ficenec, J Forest, TA Freyberger, AP Frolov, V Funsten, H Gaff, SJ Gai, M Gilad, S Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Griffioen, K Guidal, M Guillo, M Gyurjyan, V Hancock, D Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hicks, RS Holtrop, M Hyde-Wright, CE Ito, MM Joo, K Kelley, JH Khandaker, M Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klusman, M Kossov, M Kramer, LH Kuang, Y Kuhn, SE Lawrence, D Lucas, M Lukashin, K Major, RW Manak, JJ Marchand, C McAleer, S McCarthy, J McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mikhailov, K Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Muccifora, V Mueller, J Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Nelson, SO Niczyporuk, BB Niyazov, RA O'Brien, JT Opper, AK Peterson, G Philips, SA Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Preedom, BM Price, JW Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Raue, BA Reolon, AR Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabourov, K Salgado, C Sanzone-Arenhovel, M Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, VS Shafi, A Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Skabelin, AV Smith, ES Smith, T Smith, LC Sober, DI Spraker, M Stavinsky, A Stepanyan, S Stoler, P Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, DJ Todor, L Thompson, R Vineyard, MF Vlassov, AV Weinstein, LB Weisberg, A Weller, H Weygand, DP Whisnant, CS Wolin, E Wood, M Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zhang, B Zhao, J Zhou, Z AF Battaglieri, M Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M De Vita, R Golovach, E Laget, JM Mokeev, V Ripani, M Adams, G Amaryan, MJ Armstrong, DS Asavapibhop, B Asryan, G Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Barrow, S Beard, K Bektasoglu, M Berman, BL Bianchi, N Biselli, AS Boiarinov, S Branford, D Briscoe, WJ Brooks, WK Burkert, VD Calarco, JR Capitani, GP Carman, DS Carnahan, B Cazes, A Cetina, C Cole, PL Coleman, A Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, JP DeSanctis, E Degtyarenko, PV Demirchyan, R Denizli, H Dennis, L Dharmawardane, KV Dhuga, KS Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Dytman, S Eckhause, M Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Elouadrhiri, L Farhi, L Feuerbach, RJ Ficenec, J Forest, TA Freyberger, AP Frolov, V Funsten, H Gaff, SJ Gai, M Gilad, S Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Griffioen, K Guidal, M Guillo, M Gyurjyan, V Hancock, D Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hicks, RS Holtrop, M Hyde-Wright, CE Ito, MM Joo, K Kelley, JH Khandaker, M Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klusman, M Kossov, M Kramer, LH Kuang, Y Kuhn, SE Lawrence, D Lucas, M Lukashin, K Major, RW Manak, JJ Marchand, C McAleer, S McCarthy, J McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mikhailov, K Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Muccifora, V Mueller, J Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Nelson, SO Niczyporuk, BB Niyazov, RA O'Brien, JT Opper, AK Peterson, G Philips, SA Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Preedom, BM Price, JW Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Raue, BA Reolon, AR Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabourov, K Salgado, C Sanzone-Arenhovel, M Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, VS Shafi, A Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Skabelin, AV Smith, ES Smith, T Smith, LC Sober, DI Spraker, M Stavinsky, A Stepanyan, S Stoler, P Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, DJ Todor, L Thompson, R Vineyard, MF Vlassov, AV Weinstein, LB Weisberg, A Weller, H Weygand, DP Whisnant, CS Wolin, E Wood, M Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zhang, B Zhao, J Zhou, Z CA CLAS Collaboration TI Photoproduction of the rho(0) meson on the proton at large momentum transfer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VECTOR-MESONS; EXCLUSIVE PHOTOPRODUCTION; ELECTROPRODUCTION; SCATTERING; PHOTON; REGION; PION; EXCITATION; THRESHOLD; QCD AB The differential cross section, d sigma /dt, for rho (0) meson photoproduction on the proton above the resonance region was measured. up to a momentum transfer -t = 5 GeV2 using the CLAS detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The rho (0) channel was extracted from the measured two charged-pion cross sections by fitting the pi (+)pi (-) and p pi (+) invariant masses. The low momentum transfer region shows the typical diffractive pattern expected from Reggeon exchange. The flatter behavior at large -t cannot be explained solely in terms of QCD-inspired two-gluon exchange models. The data indicate that other processes, like quark interchange, are important to fully describe rho photoproduction. C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Nucl, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow 119899, Russia. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Inst Phys Nucl, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Texas, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Battaglieri, M (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. RI Bektasoglu, Mehmet/A-2074-2012; Protopopescu, Dan/D-5645-2012; riccardi, gabriele/A-9269-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; OI Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Hyde, Charles/0000-0001-7282-8120 NR 29 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 17 AR 172002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.172002 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 484UX UT WOS:000171708900012 PM 11690264 ER PT J AU Clark, ST Hackman, G Janssens, RVF Clark, RM Fallon, P Floor, SN Lane, GJ Macchiavelli, AO Norris, J Sanders, SJ Svensson, CE AF Clark, ST Hackman, G Janssens, RVF Clark, RM Fallon, P Floor, SN Lane, GJ Macchiavelli, AO Norris, J Sanders, SJ Svensson, CE TI Empirical investigation of extreme single-particle behavior of nuclear quadrupole moments in highly collective A similar to 150 superdeformed bands SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS; MASS REGION; STATES; ADDITIVITY; GD-146; DY-152; YRAST AB The intrinsic quadrupole moment Q(0) of superdeformed rotational bands in A similar to 150 nuclei depends on the associated single-particle configuration. We have derived an empirical formula based on the additivity of effective quadrupole moments of single-particle orbitals that describes existing measurements from Sm-142 to Dy-152. To further test the formula, the predicted Q(0) moments for two superdeformed bands in Gd-146 of 14.05 eb were confronted with a new measurement yielding 13.9 +/- 0.4 eb and 0.9 +/- 0.3 eb, respectively. This excellent agreement provides empirical evidence of extreme single-particle behavior in highly deformed, collective systems. C1 Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Clark, ST (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Phys, 590 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RI Lane, Gregory/A-7570-2011; OI Lane, Gregory/0000-0003-2244-182X; Floor, Stephen/0000-0002-9965-9694 NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 17 AR 172503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.172503 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 484UX UT WOS:000171708900017 PM 11690269 ER PT J AU Detmold, W Melnitchouk, W Negele, JW Renner, DB Thomas, AW AF Detmold, W Melnitchouk, W Negele, JW Renner, DB Thomas, AW TI Chiral extrapolation of lattice moments of proton quark distributions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRANGENESS MAGNETIC-MOMENT; NUCLEON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; DYNAMICAL WILSON FERMIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; FLAVOR ASYMMETRY; CHARGE RADII; QCD ANALYSIS; BAG MODEL; SYMMETRY; OCTET AB We present the resolution of a long-standing discrepancy between the moments of parton distributions calculated from lattice QCD and their experimental values. We propose a simple extrapolation formula for the moments of the nonsinglet quark distribution u - d, as a function of quark mass, which embodies the general constraints imposed by the chiral symmetry of QCD. The inclusion of the leading nonanalytic behavior leads to an excellent description of both the lattice data and the experimental values of the moments. C1 Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys & Math Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Detmold, W (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RI Thomas, Anthony/G-4194-2012; OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X; Detmold, William/0000-0002-0400-8363 NR 44 TC 126 Z9 126 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 17 AR 172001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.172001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 484UX UT WOS:000171708900011 PM 11690263 ER PT J AU Gao, HJ Sohlberg, K Xue, ZQ Chen, HY Hou, SM Ma, LP Fang, XW Pennycook, SJ AF Gao, HJ Sohlberg, K Xue, ZQ Chen, HY Hou, SM Ma, LP Fang, XW Pennycook, SJ TI Comment on "Reversible, nanometer-scale conductance transitions in an organic complex" - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Lab Vacuum Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Gao, HJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Lab Vacuum Phys, POB 603, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RI Hou, Shimin/B-1556-2013 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 17 AR 179707 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.179707 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 484UX UT WOS:000171708900076 ER PT J AU Gurevich, A Kogan, VG AF Gurevich, A Kogan, VG TI Effect of fluctuations on vortex lattice structural transitions in superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUX-LINE-LATTICE; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; PHASE-TRANSITION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; YNI2B2C; STATE; LU(NI1-XCOX)(2)B2C; SCATTERING; SYMMETRY AB The rhombic-to-square transition field H-square(T) for cubic and tetragonal materials in fields along [001] is evaluated using the nonlocal London theory with the account of thermal vortex fluctuations. Unlike extended Ginzburg-Landau models, our approach shows that the line H-square(T) and the upper critical field H-c2(T) do not cross due to strong fluctuations near H-c2(T) which suppress the square anisotropy induced by the nonlocality. In increasing fields, fluctuations cause a reentrance of the rhombic vortex lattice, in agreement with recent neutron scattering data on borocarbides. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Appl Superconduct, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Natl Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Gurevich, A (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Appl Superconduct, 1500 Johnson Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Gurevich, Alex/A-4327-2008 OI Gurevich, Alex/0000-0003-0759-8941 NR 36 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 17 AR 177009 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.177009 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 484UX UT WOS:000171708900050 PM 11690302 ER PT J AU Hastings, MB AF Hastings, MB TI Fractal to nonfractal phase transition in the dielectric breakdown model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION-LIMITED AGGREGATION; GROWTH; DIMENSION; CLUSTERS AB A fast method is presented for simulating the dielectric-breakdown model using iterated conformal mappings. Numerical results for the dimension and for corrections to scaling are in good agreement with the recent renormalization group prediction of an upper critical eta (c) = 4, at which a transition occurs between branching fractal clusters and one-dimensional nonfractal clusters. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hastings, MB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, MS B258, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hastings@cnls.lanl.gov NR 19 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 17 AR 175502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.175502 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 484UX UT WOS:000171708900027 PM 11690279 ER PT J AU Johnson, PD Valla, T Fedorov, AV Yusof, Z Wells, BO Li, Q Moodenbaugh, AR Gu, GD Koshizuka, N Kendziora, C Jian, S Hinks, DG AF Johnson, PD Valla, T Fedorov, AV Yusof, Z Wells, BO Li, Q Moodenbaugh, AR Gu, GD Koshizuka, N Kendziora, C Jian, S Hinks, DG TI Doping and temperature dependence of the mass enhancement observed in the cuprate Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; SELF-ENERGY; STATE; DENSITY; SURFACE; SCATTERING; SPECTRA AB High-resolution photoemission is used to study the electronic structure of the cuprate superconductor, Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta, as a function of hole doping and temperature. A kink observed in the band dispersion in the nodal line in the superconducting state is associated with coupling to a resonant mode observed in neutron scattering. From the measured real part of the self-energy it is possible to extract a coupling constant which is largest in the underdoped regime, then decreasing continuously into the overdoped regime. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia. ISTEC, Superconduct Res Lab, Koto Ku, Tokyo 135, Japan. USN, Res Lab, Div Sci Mat, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Johnson, PD (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Moodenbaugh, Arnold/0000-0002-3415-6762 NR 36 TC 259 Z9 260 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 17 AR 177007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.177007 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 484UX UT WOS:000171708900048 PM 11690300 ER PT J AU Navratil, P Vary, JP Ormand, WE Barrett, BR AF Navratil, P Vary, JP Ormand, WE Barrett, BR TI Six-nucleon spectroscopy from a realistic nonlocal Hamiltonian SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SHELL-MODEL CALCULATIONS; MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; LIGHT-NUCLEI; ALPHA-PARTICLE; OPERATOR APPROACH; ENERGY; HE-6; POTENTIALS; MATTER; STATE AB We apply the ab initio no-core nuclear shell model to solve the six-nucleon systems, Li-6 and He-6, interacting by realistic nucleon-nucleon (NN) potentials. In particular, we present the first results for A = 6 with the nonlocal CD-Bonn NN potential. The resulting Li-6 binding energy -29.3(6) MeV and the excitation spectra improve the agreement between the theory and experiment compared to results with local NN potentials, but the need for the inclusion of a real three-body interaction and/or further improvement of the NN forces remains. We predict properties of the He-6 dipole modes, a subject of current controversy. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Prague, Czech Republic. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-414,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 42 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 17 AR 172502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.172502 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 484UX UT WOS:000171708900016 PM 11690268 ER PT J AU Olson, CJ Reichhardt, C Janko, B Nori, F AF Olson, CJ Reichhardt, C Janko, B Nori, F TI Collective interaction-driven ratchet for transporting flux quanta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIZATION HYSTERESIS LOOPS; FLUCTUATION-INDUCED TRANSPORT; VORTEX PLASTIC-FLOW; ION IRRADIATION; VOLTAGE RECTIFICATION; STOCHASTIC RATCHETS; COLUMNAR DEFECTS; THERMAL RATCHETS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; CRYSTALS AB We propose and study a novel way to produce a dc transport of vortices when applying an ac electrical current to a sample. Specifically, we study superconductors with a graduated random pinning density, which transports interacting vortices as a ratchet system. We show that a ratchet effect appears as a consequence of the long range interactions between the vortices. The pinned vortices create an asymmetric periodic flux density profile, which results in an asymmetric effective potential for the unpinned interstitial vortices. The latter exhibit a net longitudinal rectification under an applied transverse ac electric current. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Michigan, Ctr Theoret Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Olson, CJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Nori, Franco/B-1222-2009 OI Nori, Franco/0000-0003-3682-7432 NR 38 TC 93 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 17 AR 177002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.177002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 484UX UT WOS:000171708900043 PM 11690295 ER PT J AU Smith, CM Castro Neto, AH Balatsky, AV AF Smith, CM Castro Neto, AH Balatsky, AV TI T-c suppression in co-doped striped cuprates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MUON SPIN RELAXATION; INCOMMENSURATE MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS; D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ZN-SUBSTITUTION; TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; NORMAL-STATE; NMR; LA2-XSRXCUO4; IMPURITIES AB We propose a model that explains the reduction of T-c due to the pinning of stripes by planar impurity co-doping in cuprates. A geometrical argument about the planar fraction of carriers affected by stripe pinning leads to a linear T-c suppression as a function of impurity concentration z. The critical value z, for the vanishing of superconductivity is shown to scale like T-c(2) in the incompressible stripe regime and becomes universal in the compressible regime. Our theory agrees very well with the experimental data in single- and bilayer cuprates co-doped with Zn, Li, Co, etc. C1 Inst Phys Theor, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys 1, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Inst Phys Theor, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. RI Morais Smith, Cristiane/D-2947-2012; Castro Neto, Antonio/C-8363-2014 OI Castro Neto, Antonio/0000-0003-0613-4010 NR 52 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 17 AR 177010 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.177010 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 484UX UT WOS:000171708900051 ER PT J AU Eyer, L Wozniak, PR AF Eyer, L Wozniak, PR TI Photometric detection of high proper motions in dense stellar fields using difference image analysis SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods : data analysis; techniques : photometric; astrometry; stars : variables : other ID SPACE INTERFEROMETRY MISSION; MICROLENSING EVENTS; GALACTIC-BULGE; SUBTRACTION; CANDIDATES; PROJECT AB The difference image analysis (DIA) of the images obtained by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE-II) revealed a peculiar artefact in the sample of stars proposed as variable by Wozniak in one of the Galactic bulge fields: the occurrence of pairs of candidate variables showing anti-correlated light curves monotonic over a period of 3 yr. This effect can be understood, quantified and related to the stellar proper motions. DIA photometry supplemented with a simple model offers an effective and easy way to detect high proper motion stars in very dense stellar fields, where conventional astrometric searches are extremely inefficient. C1 Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Eyer, L (reprint author), Princeton Univ Observ, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NR 20 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 327 IS 2 BP 601 EP 609 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04753.x PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 484LZ UT WOS:000171693000027 ER PT J AU Chattopadhyay, S AF Chattopadhyay, S TI Proceedings of the International Workshop NuFact'00 Muon Storage Ring for a Neutrino Factory Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey CA, USA, 22-26 May, 2000 - Preface SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA. RP Chattopadhyay, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP V EP V DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01266-9 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800001 ER PT J AU Wojcicki, SG Wurtele, J AF Wojcicki, SG Wurtele, J TI NuFact00 workshop summary SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material DE neutrino factories AB A brief summary of the workshop is presented. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Beam Phys, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wurtele, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI wurtele, Jonathan/J-6278-2016 OI wurtele, Jonathan/0000-0001-8401-0297 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 323 EP 328 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01272-4 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800002 ER PT J AU Albright, CH AF Albright, CH TI Overview of grand unified models and their predictions for neutrino oscillations SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE grand unification; neutrino masses and mixings ID FERMION MASSES; PROTON DECAY; UNIFICATION; SYMMETRY AB A brief overview of grand unified models is presented with some attention paid to their predictions for neutrino oscillations. Given the well-known features of the two non-unified standard models, standard model (SM) and minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM), a listing of the features of classes of unified models is given, where a grand unified theory (GUT) flavor symmetry and/or family symmetry are introduced to reduce the number of model parameters. Some general remarks are then made concerning the type of predictions that follow for the neutrino masses and mixings. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Albright, CH (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. OI Albright, Carl/0000-0002-2252-6359 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 359 EP 363 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01271-2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800007 ER PT J AU Finley, D Holtkamp, N AF Finley, D Holtkamp, N TI A feasibility study of a neutrino source based on a muon storage ring SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE muon collider; neutrino factory; accelerator; storage ring; muon beam; neutrino beam AB We present the results of a study commissioned by the Fermilab Director on the feasibility of an intense neutrino source, based on a muon storage ring. Muon colliders have been discussed as an alternate route to very high-energy lepton colliders. As a by-product, such a collider would produce very intense neutrino beams because of the decaying muons circulating in the storage ring. In a dedicated storage ring, these neutrino beams could be produced in long straight sections which would point towards long, medium or short baseline detectors, opening up a whole new class of neutrino physics experiments because of the enormous neutrino flux that, in principle, could be achieved in such a facility as compared to more standard fixed target sources. Intense pion sources in combination with powerful emittance cooling strategies for the comparatively large muon emittance are necessary to make this type of neutrino source as well as a muon collider, feasible for a possible future high energy physics facility. The Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider collaboration studies the different subsystems being required and presently focuses on the layout of a neutrino source based on a 50 GeV Muon Storage Ring. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Finley, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 388 EP 394 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01276-1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800011 ER PT J AU Cadenas, JJG Geer, S Mori, Y AF Cadenas, JJG Geer, S Mori, Y TI Summary of Working Group 3 at NuFact'00: interface between machine and physics SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID NEUTRINO AB The main conclusions from the Working Group 3 presentations and deliberations at NuFact'00 are summarized. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom & Nucl, E-46003 Valencia, Spain. Univ Valencia, IFIC, E-46003 Valencia, Spain. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Cadenas, JJG (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RI Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/L-2003-2014 OI Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8224-7714 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 451 EP 454 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800021 ER PT J AU Johnstone, CJ Neuffer, D AF Johnstone, CJ Neuffer, D TI A 3-11 GeV recirculating linac for muon acceleration SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE neutrino factory; recirculating linac; lattice; beam spreader; muon acceleration AB Muon acceleration is one of the most difficult stages to develop for a Neutrino Factory. The large transverse and longitudinal admittances which must be designed into the system, and the rapidity with which acceleration must take place because of muon decay preclude the use of conventional synchrotron design. This paper discusses the criteria and parameters required for muon acceleration, and presents a 3-11 GeV recirculating linac design which meets these requirements. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Johnstone, CJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 487 EP 492 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01296-7 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800027 ER PT J AU Johnstone, C Finley, D Holtkamp, N AF Johnstone, C Finley, D Holtkamp, N TI A 50-GeV muon storage ring for a neutrino factory at Fermilab SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE neutrino factory; muon storage ring; lattice; neutrino production AB A 50-GeV muon storage ring has been designed using a racetrack configuration in order to maximize the percentage of stored muons converted into a directed neutrino beam. This design achieves similar to 40% of the muon decays occurring in the production straight, assuming a production straight which is directed (downward) towards a detector located on the SLAC site. The design criteria and parameters of this ring are presented. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Fermilab Beams Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Johnstone, C (reprint author), Fermilab Beams Div, MS 221,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 493 EP 498 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01297-9 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800028 ER PT J AU Douglas, D Lebedev, VA AF Douglas, D Lebedev, VA TI Muon accelerator for the neutrino factory SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA AB A concept for a neutrino factory muon accelerator driver is presented. Acceleration of a muon beam is a challenging task because of a large source phase space and short species lifetime. In the design concept presented here, acceleration starts after ionization cooling at 190 MeV/c and proceeds to 50 GeV where the beam is injected into a neutrino factory storage ring. The proposed driver consists of a 3 GeV linac and two consecutive recirculating linear accelerators. A choice of accelerator technology, the machine layout and its main parameters are discussed. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Douglas, D (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 499 EP 503 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01298-0 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800029 ER PT J AU Bogacz, SA Lebedev, VA AF Bogacz, SA Lebedev, VA TI Recirculating linacs for a neutrino factory - Arc optics design and optimization SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA AB A conceptual lattice design for a muon accelerator based on recirculating linacs (Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 472 (2001) 499, these proceedings) is presented here. The challenge of accelerating and transporting a large phase space of short-lived muons is answered here by presenting a proof-of-principle lattice design for a recirculating linac accelerator. It is the centerpiece of a chain of accelerators consisting of a 3 GeV linac and two consecutive recirculating linear accelerators, which facilitates acceleration starting after ionization cooling at 190 MeV/c and proceeding to 50 GeV. Beam transport issues for large-momentum-spread beams are accommodated by appropriate lattice design choices. The resulting arc optics is further optimized with a sextupole correction to suppress chromatic effects contributing to the emittance dilution. The presented proof-of-principle design of the arc optics with horizontal separation of multi-pass beams can be extended to all passes in both recirculating linacs. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Jefferson Lab, Beam Phys Dept, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Bogacz, SA (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Beam Phys Dept, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 2 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 528 EP 532 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01303-1 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800034 ER PT J AU Fernow, RC Gallardo, JC Fukui, Y AF Fernow, RC Gallardo, JC Fukui, Y TI Polarization effects in the front end of the neutrino factory SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CA DE polarization; neutrino factory; muon; neutrino AB We summarize the methods used for simulation of polarization effects in the front end of a possible neutrino factory. We first discuss the helicity of muons in the pion decay process. We find that, neglecting acceptance considerations, the average helicity asymptotically approaches a magnitude of 0.185 at large pion momenta. Next, we describe the methods used for tracking the spin through complicated electromagnetic field configurations in the front end of the neutrino factory, including RF phase rotation and ionization cooling channels. Various depolarizing effects in matter are then considered, including multiple Coulomb scattering and elastic scattering from atomic electrons. Finally, we include all these effects in a, simulation of a 480 in long, double phase rotation front end scenario. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM fernow@bnl.gov OI Gallardo, Juan C/0000-0002-5191-3067 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 541 EP 545 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01305-5 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800036 ER PT J AU Mokhov, NV AF Mokhov, NV TI Particle production for a muon storage ring I. Targetry and pi/mu yield SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE neutrino factory; targets; beam capturing; pion and muon yield AB Efficient production and collection of a large number of muons is needed to make a neutrino factory based on a muon storage ring viable. Results of extensive MARS simulations for 2-30 GeV protons on various targets in a 20 T hybrid solenoid followed by a matching section and decay channel are reported, Part I describes pion and muon yields, targetry issues, and beam energy and power considerations. Part II describes radiation loads on targets, the capturing system and shielding. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Mokhov, NV (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 546 EP 551 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01307-9 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800037 ER PT J AU Mokhov, NV AF Mokhov, NV TI Particle production for a muon storage ring II. Radiation loads SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE muon storage ring; targets; superconducting solenoid; radiation fields AB Efficient production and collection of a large number of muons is needed to make a neutrino factory based on a muon storage ring viable. Results of extensive MARS simulations for 2-30 GeV protons on various targets in a 20 T hybrid solenoid followed by a matching section and decay channel are reported. Part II describes radiation loads on targets, capturing system and shielding. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Mokhov, NV (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 552 EP 556 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01306-7 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800038 ER PT J AU Kim, KJ Wang, CX AF Kim, KJ Wang, CX TI Progress in the linear beam dynamics study of ionization cooling channel SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE ionization cooling; solenoidal focusing; orbit stability; beam dynamics; envelope and moment equation; muon beam ID TRANSVERSE AB We review recent progresses in the study of linear beam dynamics of the ionization cooling in solenoidal focusing channels. The topics included are: understanding of the solenoidal focusing in the rotating frame; beam parameterization in terms of the envelope functions, emittance, and angular momentum; the coupled equation for emittance and angular momentum in periodic focusing channels; general solution and comparison with simulation; analytic approach for calculating the stability criteria and envelope function in periodic focusing channels. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Kim, KJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 401, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 561 EP 570 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01309-2 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800040 ER PT J AU Balbekov, V AF Balbekov, V TI Comparison of alternate solenoid and long solenoid cooling channels SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE neutrino factory; ionization cooling; solenoid AB Performances of three cooling channels are compared: (A) FOFO, (B) alternate solenoid channel with additional correcting coils of small radius, (C) long solenoid channel with single or double field flip. A realistic input provided by precooling part with 16 GeV proton beam and carbon target is used in all the cases. After an optimization, muon/proton ratio of the cooled beam is about 0.1-0.12 being maximal in FOFO channel, The double field flip channel allows to reach minimal transverse emittance 2.1 mm, single flip and (B)-channels provide 3.6-3.7 mm, and FOFO-5.4 (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Balbekov, V (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 571 EP 576 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01310-9 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800041 ER PT J AU Fukui, Y AF Fukui, Y TI Phase rotation channel design with induction linacs SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA AB Two models of the phase rotation channels of the neutrino factory were designed with a solenoid transport system and the induction linac acceleration system. One model has the one stage induction linac channel, and another model has two stages of the induction linac channels and an absorber and drift space in between them. Major figure of merits of the channel are the particle ratio of muons. over primary protons, the momentum spread and the muon polarization correlation to the arrival time at the end of the phase rotation channel. The mu /proton ratios were 0.25 and 0.13 for the single stage and the double stage induction linac channels, respectively. The effective muon polarization, root < helicity(2)>, was 0.16 and the muon polarization correlation was 0.23/(100 ns) for the single stage induction linac model. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Fukui, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, SLAC, MS26,Box 4349, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 577 EP 581 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01311-0 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800042 ER PT J AU DeJongh, F AF DeJongh, F TI Laser cooling of TeV muons SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE TeV muon collider; laser cooling; emittance AB We show that Compton scattering can be used to cool TeV-scale muon beams, and we derive analytical expressions for the equilibrium transverse angular spread, longitudinal energy spread, and power requirements. We find that a factor of a few thousand reduction in emittance is possible for a 3 TeV muon collider. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All fights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP DeJongh, F (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 585 EP 589 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01313-4 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800044 ER PT J AU Mokhov, NV Johnstone, CJ AF Mokhov, NV Johnstone, CJ TI Beam-induced radiation in a muon storage ring for a neutrino factory SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE neutrino factory; muon storage ring; beam loss; energy deposition; superconducting magnets; radiation environment AB Beam-induced radiation effects have been simulated for a 30-GeV and a 50-GeV muon storage ring designed for a neutrino factory. Calculations include power dissipation and residual dose rates on lattice components. It is shown that by appropriately shielding the superconducting magnets, quench stability can be achieved along with residual dose rates which allow hands-on maintenance. Studies on tunnel shielding further showed that unlimited-occupancy areas could be achieved during machine operation if such enclosures are placed to the inside of the ring. Finally, neutrino-induced radiation levels were computed to large distances for outside the arcs and downstream of the production straights. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Mokhov, NV (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 595 EP 599 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01315-8 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800046 ER PT J AU Norem, J Moretti, A Popovic, M AF Norem, J Moretti, A Popovic, M TI The radiation environment in and near high gradient rf cavities SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE rf cavities; dark currents; X-ray AB Measurements of the X-ray flux, electron flux and spectrum are presented with the aim of evaluating the usefulness of ionization sensitive single particle detectors in the immediate environment of an rf cavity. The measured fluxes are found to be roughly consistent with field emission of electrons followed by one generation of bremsstrahlung photon production, with absorption and scattering of the final photons and electrons in the cavity and vacuum chamber structure. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60540 USA. RP Norem, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 600 EP 605 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01316-X PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800047 ER PT J AU Zisman, MS AF Zisman, MS TI Neutrino factory and muon collider collaboration R&D program SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on NuFact 00 CY MAY 22-26, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE muons; cooling; solenoid; radio-frequency; targets AB The Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration (MC) comprises some 140 scientists and engineers located at U.S. National Laboratories and Universities, and at a number of non-U.S. research institutions. In the past year, the MC R&D program has shifted its focus mainly toward the design issues related to the development of a Neutrino Factory based on a muon storage ring. In this paper the status of the R&D activities is described, and future plans are outlined. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Ctr Beam Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zisman, MS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Ctr Beam Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 21 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 3 BP 611 EP 619 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01318-3 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 489RE UT WOS:000172004800049 ER PT J AU Cannon, BD Shepard, C Khaleel, M AF Cannon, BD Shepard, C Khaleel, M TI Stress measurements in glass by use of double thermal gratings SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID COEFFICIENTS; TEMPERATURE AB We developed a nondestructive and noncontact method for measuring stress at the midplane of tempered glass plates that uses Bragg scattering from a pair of thermal gratings. These gratings are formed by 1064-nm beams from a seeded Nd:YAG laser, and we measure the polarization state of light from a 532-nm beam that scatters from both thermal gratings. The change in polarization of the doubly scattered light with separation between the two gratings allows measurement of the in-plane stress. A model of the Bragg scattering efficiency, experimental investigations of the scattered beams, and stress measurements are reported. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Cannon, BD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM bret.cannon@pnl.gov OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749 NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 20 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 30 BP 5354 EP 5369 DI 10.1364/AO.40.005354 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA 483BL UT WOS:000171613800008 PM 18364815 ER PT J AU Kataoka, J Takahashi, T Wagner, SJ Iyomoto, N Edwards, PG Hayashida, K Inoue, S Madejski, GM Takahara, F Tanihata, C Kawai, N AF Kataoka, J Takahashi, T Wagner, SJ Iyomoto, N Edwards, PG Hayashida, K Inoue, S Madejski, GM Takahara, F Tanihata, C Kawai, N TI Characteristic X-ray variability of TeV blazars: Probing the link between the jet and the central engine SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects : general; galaxies : active; X-rays : galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LACERTAE OBJECT PKS-2155-304; GAS IMAGING SPECTROMETER; IN-ORBIT PERFORMANCE; HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; ELECTRON ACCELERATION; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; GALAXY MARKARIAN-421; INTRADAY VARIABILITY; POWER SPECTRUM AB We have studied the rapid X-ray variability of three extragalactic TeV gamma -ray sources : Mrk 421, Mrk 501, and PKS 2155-304. Analyzing the X-ray light curves obtained from ASCA and/or Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer observations between 1993 and 1998, we have investigated the variability in the time domain from 10(3) to 10(8) s. For all three sources, both the power spectrum density (PSD) and the structure function (SF) show a rollover with a timescale of the order of 1 day or longer, which may be interpreted as the typical timescale of successive flare events. Although the exact shape of turnover is not well constrained and the low-frequency (long timescale) behavior is still unclear, the high-frequency (short timescale) behavior is clearly resolved. We found that, on timescales shorter than 1 day, there is only small power in the variability, as indicated by a steep power spectrum density of f(-2 similar to -3). This is very different from other types of mass-accreting black hole systems, for which the short-timescale variability is well characterized by a fractal, flickering-noise PSD (f(-1 similar to -2)). The steep PSD index and the characteristic timescale of flares imply that the X-ray-emitting site in the jet is of limited spatial extent : D greater than or equal to 10(17) cm distant from the base of the jet, which corresponds to greater than or equal to 10(2) Schwarzschild radii for 10(7-10) M-circle dot black hole systems. C1 Tokyo Inst Technol, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. Landessternwarte Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Natl Astron Observ, Theoret Astrophys Div, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Kataoka, J (reprint author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. OI Sako, Chiharu/0000-0003-3243-3954 NR 64 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 2001 VL 560 IS 2 BP 659 EP 674 DI 10.1086/322442 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 483TM UT WOS:000171652000014 ER PT J AU Mauche, CW Liedahl, DA Fournier, KB AF Mauche, CW Liedahl, DA Fournier, KB TI First application of the Fe XVII I(17.10 angstrom)/I(17.05 angstrom) line ratio to constrain the plasma density of a cosmic X-ray source SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic processes; binaries : close; stars : individual (EX Hydrae); stars : magnetic fields; Sun : corona; X-rays : binaries ID TRANSMISSION GRATING SPECTROMETER; EX HYDRAE; WHITE-DWARF; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRUM; ATOMS; NI AB We show that the Fe XVII I(17.10 Angstrom)/I(17.05 Angstrom) line ratio observed in the Chandra High-Energy Transmission Grating (HETG) spectrum of the intermediate polar EX Hya is significantly smaller than that observed in the Sun or other late-type stars. Using the Livermore X-Ray Spectral Synthesizer, which calculates spectral models of highly charged ions based on HULLAC atomic data, we find that the observed I(17.10 Angstrom)/I(17.05 Angstrom) line ratio can be explained if the plasma density n(e) greater than or similar to 3 x 10(14) cm(-3). However, if photoexcitation is included in the level-population kinetics, the line ratio can be explained for any density if the photoexcitation temperature T-bb greater than or similar to 55 kK. For photoexcitation to dominate the Fe XVII level-population kinetics, the relative size of the hot spot on the white dwarf surface must be f less than or similar to 2%. This constraint, and the observed X-ray flux, requires a density n greater than or similar to 2 x 10(14) cm(-3) for the post-shock flow. Either way, then, the Chandra HETG spectrum of EX Hya requires a plasma density that is orders of magnitude greater than that observed in the Sun or other late-type stars. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Mauche, CW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-43,7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 31 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 2001 VL 560 IS 2 BP 992 EP 996 DI 10.1086/323067 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 483TM UT WOS:000171652000046 ER PT J AU Hasan, AA Eissa, F Ali, R Schultz, DR Stancil, PC AF Hasan, AA Eissa, F Ali, R Schultz, DR Stancil, PC TI State-selective charge transfer studies relevant to solar wind-comet interactions SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic data; atomic processes; comets : general; solar wind; X-rays : general ID X-RAY-EMISSION; MULTIPLE-ELECTRON-CAPTURE; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET EMISSION; CROSS-SECTIONS; HALE-BOPP; C/1995 O1; IONS; COLLISIONS; ATOMS; EXCHANGE AB We report relative experimental and absolute theoretical n-state-selective, nondissociative, single-electron capture cross sections for a number of collision systems typical of the solar wind-comet interactions. The experimental measurements were carried out using the technique of cold-target recoil-ion momentum spectroscopy and involved the N7+ and O7+ projectile ions and, for the first time, the H2O, CO2, and CO molecular targets, as well as the He atomic target. The theoretical calculations were performed using the classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC), the Landau-Zener (LZ), and the classical over-the-barrier (COB) models. The models, with CTMC favored, agree reasonably well with the measurements and can be used in the near term to aid in the modeling of cometary Xray and EUV emission. The pathways through which multiple-electron capture processes contribute to the cometary X-ray and EUV emission are also discussed. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Hasan, AA (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RI Ali, Rami/B-8198-2015 OI Ali, Rami/0000-0002-5273-882X NR 44 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 2001 VL 560 IS 2 BP L201 EP L205 DI 10.1086/324058 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 483TT UT WOS:000171652500023 ER PT J AU Oh, B Sun, YK Kim, DW AF Oh, B Sun, YK Kim, DW TI Electrochemical properties of gel polymer electrolytes prepared by poly(vinyl acetate) copolymers SO BULLETIN OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE gel polymer electrolyte; ionic conductivity; lithium polymer battery; poly(vinyl acetate) ID LITHIUM; CONDUCTION; FLUORIDE AB We have studied the electrochemical properties of gel polymer electrolytes prepared by poly(vinyl acetate) copolymers. All of the gel polymer electrolytes showed elasticity, free standing property and ionic conductivities over 0.5 mS/cm in certain compositions. The vinyl acetate moiety could increase the affinity of copolymer toward carbonate-based liquid electrolytes, but silica was needed to prepare elastic and stable gel polymer electrolyte. The effect of silica on the different types of the copolymer matrix is discussed in detail. The gel polymer electrolyte prepared by using poly(methyl methacrylate-co-vinyl acetate)(PMVC) especially showed stable ionic conductivity over 1 x 10(-3) S/cm with a reasonable mechanical strength and electrochemical stability window above 4.8 V among the gel polymer electrolytes that tested in this study. C1 Hanbat Natl Univ, Dept Chem Technol, Yusung Gu, Taejon 305719, South Korea. Hanyang Univ, Coll Engn, Div Ind Chem, Seongdong Gu, Seoul 133791, South Korea. Samsung Adv Inst Technol, Chem Sector, Polymer Mat Lab, Yusong Gu, Taejon 305380, South Korea. RP Oh, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Div Chem Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Sun, Yang-Kook/B-9157-2013 OI Sun, Yang-Kook/0000-0002-0117-0170 NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU KOREAN CHEMICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4 YEOGSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0253-2964 J9 B KOR CHEM SOC JI Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. PD OCT 20 PY 2001 VL 22 IS 10 BP 1136 EP 1140 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 491ZR UT WOS:000172141100016 ER PT J AU Muramatsu, Y Hamilton, T Uchida, S Tagami, K Yoshida, S Robison, W AF Muramatsu, Y Hamilton, T Uchida, S Tagami, K Yoshida, S Robison, W TI Measurement of Pu-240/Pu-239 isotopic ratios in soils from the Marshall Islands using ICP-MS SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE plutonium; Pu-240/Pu-239 ratio; ICP-MS; Marshall Islands; soil ID ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; 30-KM ZONE; PLUTONIUM; RADIONUCLIDES; RADIOCESIUM; SEDIMENTS; CHERNOBYL; PU-240; RAY; PU AB Nuclear weapons tests conducted by the United States in the Marshall Islands produced significant quantities of regional or tropospheric fallout contamination. Here we report on some preliminary inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurements of plutonium isolated from seven composite soil samples collected from Bikini, Enewetak and Rongelap Atolls in the northern Marshall Islands. These data show that Pu-240/Pu-239 isotopic signatures in surface soils from the Marshall Island vary significantly and could potentially be used to help quantify the range and extent of fallout deposition (and associated impacts) from specific weapons tests. Cs-137 and Co-60 were also determined on the same set of soil samples for comparative purposes. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Environm & Toxicol Res Grp, Inage Ku, Chiba 2638555, Japan. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Hlth & Ecol Assessment Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Muramatsu, Y (reprint author), Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Environm & Toxicol Res Grp, Inage Ku, Anagawa 4-9-1, Chiba 2638555, Japan. NR 32 TC 77 Z9 83 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 20 PY 2001 VL 278 IS 1-3 BP 151 EP 159 DI 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00644-1 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 482EB UT WOS:000171560900012 PM 11669263 ER PT J AU Ledieu, J McGrath, R Diehl, RD Lograsso, TA Delaney, DW Papadopolos, Z Kasner, G AF Ledieu, J McGrath, R Diehl, RD Lograsso, TA Delaney, DW Papadopolos, Z Kasner, G TI Tiling of the fivefold surface of Al70Pd21Mn9 SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE low energy electron diffraction (LEED); scanning tunneling microscopy; surface structure, morphology, roughness, and; topography; alloys ID QUASI-CRYSTAL; ALPDMN; PHASE AB The nature of the fivefold surface of Al70Pd21Mn9 has been investigated using scanning tunnelling microscopy. From high resolution images of the terraces, a tiling of the surface has been constructed using pentagonal prototiles. This tiling matches the bulk model of Boudard et al. [J. Phys.: Cond. Matter 4 (1992) 10149], which allows us to elucidate the atomic nature of the surface. Furthermore, it is consistent with a Penrose tiling F*(((P1)r)) obtained from the geometric model based on the three-dimensional tiling F*((2F)). The results provide direct confirmation that the fivefold surface of i-Al-Pd-Mn is a termination of the bulk structure. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Liverpool, Surface Sci Res Ctr, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Magdeburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-39016 Magdeburg, Germany. RP McGrath, R (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Surface Sci Res Ctr, POB 147, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. RI McGrath, Ronan/A-1568-2009; Ledieu, Julian/F-1430-2010 OI McGrath, Ronan/0000-0002-9880-5741; NR 24 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 20 PY 2001 VL 492 IS 3 BP L729 EP L734 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(01)01463-7 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 484FJ UT WOS:000171679300001 ER PT J AU Song, Y Qian, XM Lau, KC Ng, CY AF Song, Y Qian, XM Lau, KC Ng, CY TI A pulsed field ionization study of the dissociative photoionization reaction CD4+hv -> CD3++D+e(-) SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; COINCIDENCE SPECTROSCOPY; THRESHOLD; CH4 AB We have examined the titled dissociation reaction near its 0 K threshold using the pulsed field ionization-photoelectron (PFI-PE) and PFI-PE-photoion coincidence methods. This study yields a value of 14.4184 +/- 0.0010 eV for the 0 K threshold. The PFI-PE spectrum for CD4 exhibits a sharp step at the 0 K threshold, indicating that the dissociation of excited CD4 in high-n (n greater than or equal to 100) Rydberg states at energies above the dissociation threshold occurs in less than or equal to 10(-7) s. The energetic data for CD3/C-3(+) and CD4/CD4+ are found to be in excellent agreement with those for CH3/CH3- and CH4/CH4+ after taking into account the zero-point-vibrational-energy corrections. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ng, CY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 19 PY 2001 VL 347 IS 1-3 BP 51 EP 58 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(01)00997-6 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 483ZZ UT WOS:000171666900009 ER PT J AU Chemerisov, SD Trifunac, AD AF Chemerisov, SD Trifunac, AD TI Probing nanoconfined water in zeolite cages: H atom dynamics and spectroscopy SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TIME-RESOLVED EPR; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; AMORPHOUS SILICA; OXIDE GLASSES; HYDROGEN; ICE; DIFFUSION AB Time-resolved and CW EPR were used to study radiolytically generated H atoms in water/ice nanoclusters in NaA, NaX, NaY, and HY zeolites. H atoms dynamic properties and spectroscopy parameters are sensitive to the structural changes of water due to the nanoconfinement. Transient H atoms in HY and NaY zeolites segregate into two different domains: socialite and super cages. In NaX zeolite only H atoms from super cages were observed. H atoms are created in both silica phase and adsorbed water by radiolytic processes. The decay of H atoms occurs predominantly via reaction with the radiation-induced defects in silica. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Trifunac, AD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 19 PY 2001 VL 347 IS 1-3 BP 65 EP 72 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(01)01009-0 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 483ZZ UT WOS:000171666900011 ER PT J AU DeSain, JD Jusinski, LE Ho, AD Taatjes, CA AF DeSain, JD Jusinski, LE Ho, AD Taatjes, CA TI Temperature dependence and deuterium kinetic isotope effects in the HCO(DCO)+O-2 reaction between 296 and 673 K SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE EXCITATION SPECTRUM; SUPERSONIC JET; HCO; SPECTROSCOPY; OXYGEN; DISSOCIATION; RADICALS; DCO; O-2 AB The reactions HCO (DCO) + O-2 have been measured by the laser photolysis/CW laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) method from 296 to 673 K, probing the (B-2 A ' - X-2 A ') HCO (DCO) system. The HCO (DCO) + O-2 rate coefficients are 5.63 +/- 0.31 and 5.61 +/- 0.23 x 10(-12) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), respectively, at 296 K; both are nearly independent of temperature between 296 and 673 K. The observed deuterium kinetic isotope effect is within the error estimate of previous measurements but is significantly smaller than recent theoretical predictions. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Taatjes, CA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Mail Stop 9055, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 30 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 19 PY 2001 VL 347 IS 1-3 BP 79 EP 86 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(01)01016-8 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 483ZZ UT WOS:000171666900013 ER PT J AU Abreu, IA Saraiva, LM Soares, CM Teixeira, M Cabelli, DE AF Abreu, IA Saraiva, LM Soares, CM Teixeira, M Cabelli, DE TI The mechanism of superoxide scavenging by Archaeoglobus fulgidus neelaredoxin SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DESULFOVIBRIO-DESULFURICANS ATCC-27774; OXYGEN DETOXIFICATION; PROTEIN; DESULFOFERRODOXIN; DISMUTASE; REDUCTASE; REACTIVITY; RADIOLYSIS; VULGARIS; GIGAS AB Neelaredoxin is a mononuclear iron protein widespread among prokaryotic anaerobes and facultative aerobes, including human pathogens. It has superoxide scavenging activity, but the exact mechanism by which this process occurs has been controversial. In this report, we present the study of the reaction of superoxide with the reduced form of neelaredoxin from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus by pulse radiolysis. This protein reduces superoxide very efficiently (k = 1.5 x 10(9) M-1 s(-1)), and the dismutation activity is rate-limited, in steady-state conditions, by the much slower superoxide oxidation step. These data show unambiguously that the superfamily of neelaredoxin-like proteins (including desulfoferrodoxin) presents a novel type of reactivity toward superoxide, a result of particular relevance for the understanding of both oxygen stress response mechanisms and, in particular, how pathogens may respond to the oxidative burst produced by the defense cells in eukaryotes. The actual in vivo functioning of these enzymes will depend strongly on the cell redox status. Further insight on the catalytic mechanism was obtained by the detection of a transient intermediate ferric species upon oxidation of neelaredoxin by superoxide, detectable by visible spectroscopy with an absorption maximum at 610 nm, blueshifted similar to 50 nm from the absorption of the resting ferric state. The role of the iron sixth ligand, glutamate-12, in the reactivity of neelaredoxin toward superoxide was assessed by studying two site-directed mutants: E12Q and E12V. C1 Univ Nova Lisboa, Inst Tecnol Quim & Biol, P-2780156 Oeiras, Portugal. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Teixeira, M (reprint author), Univ Nova Lisboa, Inst Tecnol Quim & Biol, Rua Quinta Grande 6,Apt 127, P-2780156 Oeiras, Portugal. RI Soares, Claudio/E-2675-2012; Saraiva, Ligia/H-8537-2012; Teixeira, Miguel/A-9098-2011; Abreu, Isabel/I-5081-2013 OI Soares, Claudio/0000-0003-1154-556X; Saraiva, Ligia/0000-0002-0675-129X; Teixeira, Miguel/0000-0003-4124-6237; Abreu, Isabel/0000-0002-5566-2146 NR 30 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 19 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 42 BP 38995 EP 39001 DI 10.1074/jbc.M103232200 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 484CT UT WOS:000171673200088 PM 11489883 ER PT J AU Parrinello, S Lin, CQ Murata, K Itahana, Y Singh, J Krtolica, A Campisi, J Desprez, PY AF Parrinello, S Lin, CQ Murata, K Itahana, Y Singh, J Krtolica, A Campisi, J Desprez, PY TI Id-1, ITF-2, and Id-2 comprise a network of helix-loop-helix proteins that regulate mammary epithelial cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ACTING TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; DNA-BINDING; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; INHIBITOR ID2; SUPPRESSION; ACTIVATION; MECHANISM; LACTATION AB Mammary epithelial cells proliferate, invade the stroma, differentiate, and die in adult mammals by mechanisms that are poorly understood. We found that Id-1, an inhibitor of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, regulates mammary epithelial cell growth, differentiation, and invasion in culture. Here, we show that Id-1 is expressed highly during mammary development in virgin mice and during early pregnancy, when proliferation and invasion are high. During mid-pregnancy, Id-1 expression declined to undetectable levels as the epithelium differentiated fully. Surprisingly, Id-1 increased during involution, when the epithelium undergoes extensive apoptosis. To determine whether Id-1 regulates both proliferation and apoptosis, we constitutively expressed Id-1 in mammary epithelial cell cultures. Id-1 stimulated proliferation in sparse cultures but induced apoptosis in dense cultures, which reflect epithelial cell density during early pregnancy and involution, respectively. To understand how Id-1 acts, we screened a yeast two-hybrid library from differentiating mammary epithelial cells and identified ITF-2, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, as an Id-l-interacting protein. Overexpression of ITF-2 significantly reduced Id-1-stimulated proliferation and apoptosis. We show further that, in contrast to Id-1, Id-2 was expressed highly in differentiated mammary epithelial cells in vivo and in culture. In culture, Id-2 antisense transcripts blocked differentiation. Our results suggest that Id-1, ITF-2, and Id-2 comprise a network of interacting molecular switches that govern mammary epithelial cell phenotypes. C1 Calif Pacific Med Ctr, Geraldine Brush Canc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Desprez, PY (reprint author), Calif Pacific Med Ctr, Geraldine Brush Canc Res Inst, Stern Bldg,2330 Clay St, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA82548] NR 45 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 19 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 42 BP 39213 EP 39219 DI 10.1074/jbc.M104473200 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 484CT UT WOS:000171673200116 PM 11498533 ER PT J AU Luckens, WW Bucher, JJ Edelstein, NM Shuh, DK AF Luckens, WW Bucher, JJ Edelstein, NM Shuh, DK TI Radiolysis of TcO4(-) in alkaline, nitrate solutions: Reduction by NO32- SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; RATE CONSTANTS; RADICALS; GLYCINE; THERMOCHEMISTRY; OXIDATION; NITRITE; IONS AB The radiation chemistry of pertechnetate has been examined in highly alkaline solution. In the presence of selected, organic O- scavengers, radiolysis reduces TcO4- with varying radiation chemical yields, which depend on the reduction potentials of the organic radicals produced during radiolysis. When aminopolycarboxylates are used as O- scavengers, the radiation chemical yield for pertechnetate reduction, G(-TcO4-) is equal to 1/3 G(e(aq)(-)), which strongly implies that the organic radicals produced by the reaction of O- with aminopolycarboxylates are unreactive toward the technetium species present in solution. In the presence of excess nitrate, TcO4- is still efficiently reduced during radiolysis when aminopolycarboxylates are used as O- scavengers. This observation is consistent, with the reduction of TcO4- by NO32-. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Luckens, WW (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, MS 70A-1150, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD OCT 18 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 41 BP 9611 EP 9615 DI 10.1021/jp004534y PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 483BX UT WOS:000171614800037 ER PT J AU Westcott, SL Averitt, RD Wolfgang, JA Nordlander, P Halas, NJ AF Westcott, SL Averitt, RD Wolfgang, JA Nordlander, P Halas, NJ TI Adsorbate-induced quenching of hot electrons in gold core-shell nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID METAL NANOPARTICLES; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; RELAXATION DYNAMICS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SURFACE; NANOSHELLS; SPECTROSCOPY; FEMTOSECOND; INTERFACE; FILMS AB We have investigated the effect of molecular adsorbates on the ultrafast electron dynamics in nanoshell particles. These nanoparticles consist of a thin gold shell surrounding a gold sulfide core. Pump-probe transmission measurements at 1.5 eV on unmodified nanoshells in aqueous solution yield an electron relaxation lifetime of similar to2.7 ps. The lifetime decreased with the adsorption of p-aminobenzoic acid (similar to1.7 ps) or aniline (similar to1.9 ps) on the nanoshells. With adsorbed p-mercaptobenzoic acid or n-propylamine, electron thermalization occurred in similar to2.4 or similar to2.8 ps, respectively. Surface-enhanced Raman signals were detected from the aromatic molecules, confirming their adsorption on the nanoshells. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the molecules providing the strongest modification of the dynamics possess the largest induced dipole moments near a metal surface. This suggests that the adsorbate-induced perturbation of the nanoshell electron dynamics is primarily electronic in nature. C1 Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Halas, NJ (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RI Halas, Naomi/D-2935-2011; Nordlander, Peter/A-2560-2008 OI Nordlander, Peter/0000-0002-1633-2937 NR 33 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 18 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 41 BP 9913 EP 9917 DI 10.1021/jp011213t PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 483BY UT WOS:000171614900002 ER PT J AU Wilder, JW Seshadri, K Smith, DH AF Wilder, JW Seshadri, K Smith, DH TI Resolving apparent contradictions in equilibrium measurements for clathrate hydrates in porous media SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; DISSOCIATION; METHANE; PORES AB A conceptual model for hydrate equilibrium in media with broad pore-size distributions is used to interpret methane hydrate equilibrium experiments in silica gel pores with nominal radii of 2, 5, and 7.5 nm, While the hydrate equilibrium pressure is an intensive property, it is demonstrated that the presence of a broad pore-size distribution in a porous medium causes the experimental pressures to appear extensive. It is observed that the sample size, the headspace volume, the temperature at which the experiments are started, and the amount of hydrate allowed to dissociate to establish equilibrium at this initial temperature all affect the observed pressure at any given temperature. The pore-volume distribution of the porous medium (not the nominal pore radius) and the percent conversion of pore-water to hydrate also affect the measured equilibrium pressures. As a result, measured equilibrium pressures at a specific temperature for identical media can be significantly different, while those for different media may be superposed. These seeming inconsistencies, their causes, and interpretations are examined and explained. Apparently fundamental problem,,; in experimental data are removed when the number of degrees of freedom is properly included in the interpretation. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. Parsons Infrastruct & Technol Grp, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Math, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Smith, DH (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 11 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 18 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 41 BP 9970 EP 9972 DI 10.1021/jp012639a PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 483BY UT WOS:000171614900010 ER PT J AU Li, LS Li, ADQ AF Li, LS Li, ADQ TI Probing surface electronic potentials and photovoltaic effects of self-assembled multilayers of metal phthalocyanine and oligomeric viologen on conductive substrates SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID BENZOIC-ACID DERIVATIVES; THIN-FILMS; WORK FUNCTION; DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; ENERGY DIAGRAM; SPECTROSCOPY; MONOLAYERS; ADSORPTION; DEVICES; GAAS AB To probe the effects that self-assembled multilayers may have on electronic properties of a conductive surface, we carried out layer-by-layer depositions of organic/polymeric thin films on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates. The organic/polymeric thin films were prepared by alternatively dipping ITO substrates in an oligomeric viologen or oligo(hexylene 4,4 ' -bipyridinum dibromide) solution and a macrocyle NiPc or nickel phthalocyanine solution. A linear relationship, between the optical absorption at 634 nm from NiPc and 274 nm from oligomeric viologen and the number of depositions, was observed in the UV-vis spectra. The multilayer structures were characterized with X-ray reflectometry, which yielded an average mean thickness of 1.5-2.0 nm per layer-pair. Taking advantage of the conductive surfaces, we performed surface infrared (IR) spectroscopy on oligomeric viologen and NiPc multilayers at an external grazing-angle reflection configuration. IR spectra with polarization perpendicular to the conductive ITO surfaces revealed a vibration band at 1227 cm(-1) corresponding to formation of the salt bridge binding Of -SO3-. . . Py+-R between viologen and NiPc. The results from Kelvin probe measurements showed an oscillating behavior of the surface electronic potential, as the surface layer was alternated between oligomeric viologen and NiPc. The average gap of this surface potential difference between viologen and NiPc layers is about 400 mV. We attribute the changes in surface potential or work function induced by oligomeric viologen or NiPc to the modulation in electron affinity rather than band bending at ITO surfaces, which is consistent with the surface photovoltage measurements. In addition, we find that the change in photoinduced band bending is a very weak periodic function of the number of self-assembled layers (viologen or NiPc). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MST, STC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Ctr Mat Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Li, ADQ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MST, STC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 42 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 18 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 41 BP 10022 EP 10028 DI 10.1021/jp011556r PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 483BY UT WOS:000171614900018 ER PT J AU Gobets, B Kennis, JTM Ihalainen, JA Brazzoli, M Croce, R van Stokkum, IHM Bassi, R Dekker, JP van Amerongen, H Fleming, GR van Grondelle, R AF Gobets, B Kennis, JTM Ihalainen, JA Brazzoli, M Croce, R van Stokkum, IHM Bassi, R Dekker, JP van Amerongen, H Fleming, GR van Grondelle, R TI Excitation energy transfer in dimeric light harvesting complex I: A combined streak-camera/fluorescence upconversion study SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYSTEM-I; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSFER DYNAMICS; STRUCTURAL MODEL; LHCII MONOMERS; HIGHER-PLANTS; GREEN PLANTS; PUMP-PROBE; ANTENNA AB The excitation dynamics in isolated dimers of light harvesting complex 1, the peripheral light harvesting complex associated with photosystem I in green plants, was studied by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. A unique combination of two techniques, fluorescence upconversion and synchroscan streak-camera measurements, revealed the energy transfer and decay of excitations over a time range from a hundred femtoseconds up to several nanoseconds, over a spectral range from 570 to 780 nm. Energy transfer from initially excited carotenoid S(2) states to the chlorophylls was found to occur within 0.15 ps. Energy transfer from chlorophyll b (Ch1b)to chlorophyll a (Ch1a) occurred with two distinctly different lifetimes of 0.5 and 2-3 ps. The 0.5 ps component mainly reflects transfer to bulk Ch1a, whereas the 2-3 ps component may also account for direct transfer to the special red-shifted Ch1a forms. Equilibration between the bulk Ch1a's and these red-shifted forms occurs with lifetimes of 4-8 and similar to 20 ps, which are assigned to intra- and intermonomer equilibration, respectively. After completion of the energy transfer processes, the fluorescence decays biexponentially. The largest fraction of excitations (75-80%) decays with a 3 ns time constant, which is attributed to both the Lhca1/Lhca4 heterodimer and a homodimer of either Lhca2 or Lhca3, whereas the remaining fraction, which decays in 0.6 ns, is assigned to the remaining homodimer. A comparison is made between the kinetics of LHCI and the more well studied CP29 and LHCII light harvesting complexes of photosystem II, which belong to the same family of Lhca/b light harvesting proteins, but do not feature the unique red-shifted Ch1a forms which are found in LHCI. C1 Free Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Div Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Chem, FIN-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. Univ Verona, Fac Sci MM FF NN, I-37134 Verona, Italy. RP Gobets, B (reprint author), Free Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Div Phys & Astron, De Boelelaan 1081, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM bas@nat.vu.nl RI Croce, Roberta/F-1174-2014; croce, roberta/N-4067-2014; van Stokkum, Ivo/E-7175-2015; van Amerongen, Herbert/J-9483-2016; OI croce, roberta/0000-0003-3469-834X; van Stokkum, Ivo/0000-0002-6143-2021; van Amerongen, Herbert/0000-0002-9783-2895; bassi, roberto/0000-0002-4140-8446 NR 35 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 18 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 41 BP 10132 EP 10139 DI 10.1021/jp011901c PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 483BY UT WOS:000171614900032 ER PT J AU Smith, DE Tans, SJ Smith, SB Grimes, S Anderson, DL Bustamante, C AF Smith, DE Tans, SJ Smith, SB Grimes, S Anderson, DL Bustamante, C TI The bacteriophage phi 29 portal motor can package DNA against a large internal force SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MOLECULES; PROTEIN-GP3; PROHEAD AB As part of the viral infection cycle, viruses must package their newly replicated genomes for delivery to other host cells. Bacteriophage phi 29 packages its 6.6-mum long, double-stranded DNA into a 42x54 nm capsid(1) by means of a portal complex that hydrolyses ATP(2). This process is remarkable because entropic, electrostatic and bending energies of the DNA must be overcome to package the DNA to near-crystalline density. Here we use optical tweezers to pull on single DNA molecules as they are packaged, thus demonstrating that the portal complex is a force-generating motor. This motor can work against loads of up to 57 pN on average, making it one of the strongest molecular motors reported to date. Movements of over 5 mum are observed, indicating high processivity. Pauses and slips also occur, particularly at higher forces. We establish the force-velocity relationship of the motor and find that the rate-limiting step of the motor's cycle is force dependent even at low loads. Notably, the packaging rate decreases as the prohead is filled, indicating that an internal force builds up to similar to 50 pN owing to DNA confinement. Our data suggest that this force may be available for initiating the ejection of the DNA from the capsid during infection. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Microbiol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Oral Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Bustamante, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Smith, Douglas/A-3131-2017 OI Smith, Douglas/0000-0002-8206-3632 NR 25 TC 684 Z9 699 U1 9 U2 68 PU MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD OCT 18 PY 2001 VL 413 IS 6857 BP 748 EP 752 DI 10.1038/35099581 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 482ZK UT WOS:000171608000047 PM 11607035 ER PT J AU Jing, KX Phair, LW Moretto, LG Rubehn, T Beaulieu, L Fan, TS Wozniak, GJ AF Jing, KX Phair, LW Moretto, LG Rubehn, T Beaulieu, L Fan, TS Wozniak, GJ TI Fission transient times from fission probabilities of neighboring isotopes SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID GIANT-DIPOLE RESONANCE; PARTICLE-EMISSION; COMPOUND NUCLEUS; SCALING LAWS; EVAPORATION; DYNAMICS; VISCOSITY; SYSTEMS; SCALES; DECAY AB We present a new and straightforward method to estimate the fission transient time by utilizing the cumulative fission probabilities of neighboring isotopes. The fission probabilities were determined as the ratio of the measured fission cross sections to the Bass Model fusion cross sections. For five neighboring Os185-189 compound nuclei produced in (3)H0e/He-4-induced reactions on separated isotope W targets, the transient time TD is estimated to be < 25 x 10(-21) seconds for excitation energies less than 150 MeV, and the most likely value Of tau (D) is approximate to 10 X 10(-21) seconds. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Phair, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Beaulieu, Luc/A-6803-2009 OI Beaulieu, Luc/0000-0003-0429-6366 NR 30 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 18 PY 2001 VL 518 IS 3-4 BP 221 EP 228 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)00977-7 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 481PW UT WOS:000171529400001 ER PT J AU Balitsky, I AF Balitsky, I TI Effective field theory for the small-x evolution SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID WILSON RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; HIGH-ENERGY SCATTERING; BFKL POMERON; GLUON DISTRIBUTION; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; PARTON SATURATION; PERTURBATIVE QCD; HIGH-DENSITY; LARGE NUCLEI; FACTORIZATION AB The small-x behavior of structure functions in the saturation region is determined by the non-linear generalization of the BFKL equation. I suggest the effective field theory for the small-x evolution which solves formally this equation. The result is the 2 + 1 functional integral for the structure functions at small x. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Jefferson Lab, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Balitsky, I (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. NR 39 TC 129 Z9 129 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 18 PY 2001 VL 518 IS 3-4 BP 235 EP 242 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)01041-3 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 481PW UT WOS:000171529400003 ER PT J AU Gailer, J George, GN Pickering, IJ Prince, RC Kohlhepp, P Zhang, DZ Walker, FA Winzerling, JJ AF Gailer, J George, GN Pickering, IJ Prince, RC Kohlhepp, P Zhang, DZ Walker, FA Winzerling, JJ TI Human cytosolic iron regulatory protein 1 contains a linear iron-sulfur cluster SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ACONITASE; 3; SPECTROSCOPY; COMPLEXES C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Nutr Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. ExxonMobil Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Chem, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Gailer, J (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Nutr Sci, Shantz Bldg 309, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RI George, Graham/E-3290-2013; Pickering, Ingrid/A-4547-2013; Walker, Frances/O-4395-2016; OI Prince, Roger/0000-0002-5174-4216 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 5681203] NR 15 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 17 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 41 BP 10121 EP 10122 DI 10.1021/ja0158915 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 481XU UT WOS:000171546400031 PM 11592901 ER PT J AU Fujdala, KL Tilley, TD AF Fujdala, KL Tilley, TD TI An efficient, single-source molecular precursor to silicoaluminophosphates SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SIEVES; ALUMINOPHOSPHATE; SILICA; FRAMEWORK; ALUMINUM; SAPO-18; NMR C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tilley, TD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 28 TC 81 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 17 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 41 BP 10133 EP 10134 DI 10.1021/ja0167295 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 481XU UT WOS:000171546400037 PM 11592907 ER PT J AU Yang, C Noid, DW Sumpter, BG Sorensen, DC Tuzun, RE AF Yang, C Noid, DW Sumpter, BG Sorensen, DC Tuzun, RE TI An efficient algorithm for calculating the heat capacity of a large-scale molecular system SO MACROMOLECULAR THEORY AND SIMULATIONS LA English DT Article ID NORMAL-COORDINATE ANALYSIS; POLYMER PARTICLES; MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS; CRYSTALS AB Full Paper: We present an efficient algorithm for computing the heat capacity of a large-scale molecular system. The new algorithm is based on a special Gaussian quadrature whose abscissas and weights are obtained by a simple Lanczos iteration. Our numerical, results have indicated that this new computational scheme is quite accurate. We have also shown that this method is at least a, hundred times faster than the earlier approach that is based on estimating the density:of states and integrating with a simple quadrature formula. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Computat & Appl Math, Houston, TX 77005 USA. SUNY Coll Brockport, Dept Computat Sci, Brockport, NY 14420 USA. RP Noid, DW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1022-1344 J9 MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL JI Macromol. Theory Simul. PD OCT 17 PY 2001 VL 10 IS 8 BP 756 EP 761 DI 10.1002/1521-3919(20011001)10:8<756::AID-MATS756>3.0.CO;2-E PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 489FP UT WOS:000171981600003 ER PT J AU Wunderlich, B Pyda, M Pak, J Androsch, R AF Wunderlich, B Pyda, M Pak, J Androsch, R TI Measurement of heat capacity to gain information about time scales of molecular motion from pico to megaseconds SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th Lahnwitzeseminar on Calorimetry CY JUN, 2000 CL KUHLUNGSBORN, GERMANY DE temperature-modulated calorimetry; heat capacity; latent heat; time scale; reversibility ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; GLASS-TRANSITION REGION; TEMPERATURE-MODULATED CALORIMETRY; POLYMER CRYSTALS; DSC; CRYSTALLIZATION AB Molecular motion has primarily a time scale of picoseconds. Quantum mechanical models of small-amplitude vibrations and local, large-amplitude motions can be fitted quantitatively to equilibrium heat capacities. Macroscopic calorimetry, thus yields indirectly the characteristic frequencies of molecular motion in the range of 10(11)-10(13) Hz. At lower temperature, much of the large-amplitude molecular motion is restricted to cooperative movements and slows to macroscopic times so that calorimetry can directly measure the kinetics of these changes which may extend the time scales to megaseconds and beyond. In this light, instrumentation and interpretation of differential scanning temperature-modulated calorimetry (DSTMC) are discussed. Six basic thermal effects govern the thermal analysis of linear macromolecules: (1) the vibrational heat capacity; (2) heat capacities arising from large amplitude molecular motion; (3) reversible transitions; (4) annealing; (5) secondary crystallization and (6) primary crystallization. Of these only (1)-(3) are reversible. To these six thermal effects that do not change the molecular integrity, chemical reactions, evaporation, and condensation have to be added for a full thermal analysis. The latter effects have not been treated in this paper. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Mat Sci, D-06217 Merseburg, Germany. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 51 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD OCT 17 PY 2001 VL 377 IS 1-2 BP 9 EP 33 DI 10.1016/S0040-6031(01)00539-1 PG 25 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 483GE UT WOS:000171624600003 ER PT J AU Baker, CH Tomlinson, SR Garcia, AE Harman, JG AF Baker, CH Tomlinson, SR Garcia, AE Harman, JG TI Amino acid substitution at position 99 affects the rate of CRP subunit exchange SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID AMP RECEPTOR PROTEIN; INDUCED CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; NUCLEOTIDE BINDING POCKET; DEPENDENT RNA-POLYMERASE; GENE-REGULATORY PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ACTIVATOR PROTEIN; FOOTPRINTING TECHNIQUE; DNA; CAMP AB We investigated the characteristics of CRP having amino acid substitutions at position 99. Analysis of amino acid residue proximity to cAMP in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the CRP: (cAMP)(2) complex [Garcia, A. E., and Harman, J. G. (1996) Protein Sci. 5, 62-71] showed repositioning of tyrosine 99 (Y99) to interact with the equatorial exocyclic oxygen atom of cAMP. To test the role of Y99 in cAMP-mediated CRP activation, Y99 was substituted with alanine (A) or phenylalanine (F). Cells that contained the WT or mutant forms of CRP induced beta -galactosidase in the presence of cAMP. Purified WT, Y99A, and Y99F CRP showed only a 3- to 4-fold difference in cAMP affinity. There were no apparent differences between the three forms of CRP in cAMP binding cooperativity, in CRP:(cAMP), complex binding to lacP DNA, in the formation of CRP:cAMP:RNAP complexes at lacP, or in CRP efficacy in mediating lacP activity in vitro. The apo-form. of Y99A CRP was more sensitive to protease than the apo-form of either WT CRP or Y99F CRP. Whereas the WT or Y99F CRP:(cAMP), complexes were cleaved by protease at hinge-region peptide bonds, the Y99A CRP:(cAMP)(1) complex was cleaved at peptide bonds located at the subunit interface. The rates of subunit exchange for Y99A CRP, both in the apo-form and in a 1:1 complex with cAMP, were significantly greater than that measured for WT CRP. The results of this study show that tyrosine 99 contributes significant structural stability to the CRP dimer, specifically in stabilizing subunit association. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp T10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Harman, JG (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 16 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 41 BP 12329 EP 12338 DI 10.1021/bi010834+ PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 482XC UT WOS:000171601700012 PM 11591152 ER PT J AU Baniecki, ML McGrath, WJ McWhirter, SM Li, C Toledo, DL Pellicena, P Barnard, DL Thorn, KS Mangel, WF AF Baniecki, ML McGrath, WJ McWhirter, SM Li, C Toledo, DL Pellicena, P Barnard, DL Thorn, KS Mangel, WF TI Interaction of the human adenovirus proteinase with its 11-amino acid cofactor pVIc SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY STRUCTURE; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; VIRAL-DNA; PROTEASE; PEPTIDE; SPECTROMETER; INHIBITION; SPECTRA; CULTURE AB The interaction of the human adenovirus proteinase (AVP) and AVP-DNA complexes with the 11-amino acid cofactor pVIc was characterized. The equilibrium dissociation constant for the binding of pVIc to AVP was 4.4 muM. The binding of AVP to 12-mer single-stranded DNA decreased the K-d for the binding of pVIc to AVP to 0.09 muM. The pVIc-AVP complex hydrolyzed the substrate with a Michaelis constant (K-m) of 3.7 muM and a catalytic rate constant (k(cat)) of 1.1 s(-1). In the presence of DNA, the K-m increased less than 2-fold, and the k(cat) increased 3-fold. Alanine-scanning mutagenesis was performed to determine the contribution of individual pVIc side chains in the binding and stimulation of AVP. Two amino acid residues, Gly1' and Phe11', were the major determinants in the binding of pVIc to AVP, while Val2' and Phe11' were the major determinants in stimulating enzyme activity. Binding of AVP to DNA greatly suppressed the effects of the alanine substitutions on the binding of mutant pVIcs to AVP. Binding of either or both of the cofactors, pVIc, or the viral DNA, to AVP did not dramatically alter its secondary structure as determined by vacuum ultraviolet circular dichroism. pVIc, when added to Hep-2 cells infected with adenovirus serotype 5, inhibited the synthesis of infectious virus, presumably by prematurely activating the proteinase so that it cleaved virion precursor proteins before virion assembly, thereby aborting the infection. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Pharmacol Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Utah State Univ, Inst Antiviral Res, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Grad Grp Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Mangel, WF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Thorn, Kurt/0000-0001-9310-288X FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI41599, R01 AI041599, R01 AI041599-05, R01-AI35178, R56 AI041599] NR 30 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 16 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 41 BP 12349 EP 12356 DI 10.1021/bi0109008 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 482XC UT WOS:000171601700014 PM 11591154 ER PT J AU Govindasamy, B Taylor, KE Duffy, PB Santer, BD Grossman, AS Grant, KE AF Govindasamy, B Taylor, KE Duffy, PB Santer, BD Grossman, AS Grant, KE TI Limitations of the equivalent CO2 approximation in climate change simulations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALS; RADIATIVELY ACTIVE GASES; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; STRATOSPHERIC OZONE; GREENHOUSE GASES; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SENSITIVITY; INADEQUACY; FORCINGS; SYSTEM AB The "equivalent CO2" approximation often used to simulate the climatic effects of a suite of trace greenhouse gases is investigated using a recent version of the NCAR Community Climate Model. We performed present-day and preindustrial equilibrium climate simulations. The climate sensitivity is lower by similar to 20% in the equivalent CO2 case compared to the control case in which the individual trace gases were treated explicitly. This is reflected in similar percentage differences in global- and annual-mean surface temperature, precipitation, precipitable water, and sea ice. The temperature changes are also different regionally in the tropical and subtropical troposphere and in the stratosphere. This difference in climate sensitivity originates from differences in the spatial pattern of radiative forcing. The equivalent CO2 forcing pattern differs from the control case forcing pattern for several reasons, but the dependence on temperature of the Planck emission spectrum appears to be fundamentally most important. The primary absorption bands of CH4 and N2O are found at wavelengths more sensitive to the temperature-related shift of the wavelength of maximum emission than the absorption bands of CO2. This leads to stronger spatial variations in absorption by trace gases than by CO2. We conclude that because of differences in the pattern of radiative forcing, the equilibrium response of global climate to increases in trace gases is larger than the response to an "equivalent" increase in CO2, and the patterns of response are also different. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diagnost & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Govindasamy, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, L-103,700 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM bala@llnl.gov RI Taylor, Karl/F-7290-2011; Santer, Benjamin/F-9781-2011 OI Taylor, Karl/0000-0002-6491-2135; NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 16 PY 2001 VL 106 IS D19 BP 22593 EP 22603 DI 10.1029/2000JD000054 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 481UJ UT WOS:000171538600001 ER PT J AU Cheng, MD Lin, CJ AF Cheng, MD Lin, CJ TI Receptor modeling for smoke of 1998 biomass burning in Central America SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID TOTAL GASEOUS MERCURY; SOURCE REGIONS; POTENTIAL SOURCES; FLOW PATTERNS; NATIONAL-PARK; TRAJECTORIES; PRECIPITATION; AEROSOL; ONTARIO; AIR AB The potential source contribution function (PSCF) is a receptor modeling technique for identifying emission sources and transport pathways. This technique has been widely used in the determination of potential emission sources and preferred transport pathways of a variety of air pollutants for more than a decade. However, the model has not been objectively evaluated against well-documented real-world data and the performance of the model is virtually untested. In this study we verified the PSCF model and tested the model performance by taking the opportunity of the 1998 Central America smoke events that produced elevated levels of aerosols detected at the Southern Great Plains site operated by the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement. Our results show that the PSCF model could correctly identify the emission source locations and transport pathways of the smoke particles. However, one cannot take the PSCF results for granted without further examination of back trajectories that are responsible for the transport. False positives could result from the tailing of the back trajectories that travel over the true source locations. Model performance analysis suggests that using the mean or median as the criterion value yielded satisfactory PSCF results. Use of a high criterion value (e.g., the 90th percentile) and a larger database could improve the resolution of PSCF source identification. Trajectory arrival height above the surface sampling station should be carefully chosen to be within the column mixing height to ensure an effective coupling of transport and surface measurement. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Cheng, MD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM chengmd@ornl.gov RI Cheng, Meng-Dawn/C-1098-2012; Lin, Che-Jen/K-1808-2013; OI Lin, Che-Jen/0000-0001-5990-3093; Cheng, Meng-Dawn/0000-0003-1407-9576 NR 23 TC 30 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 16 PY 2001 VL 106 IS D19 BP 22871 EP 22886 DI 10.1029/2001JD900024 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 481UJ UT WOS:000171538600022 ER PT J AU Vaidya, B Chen, JH Porter, MD Angelici, RJ AF Vaidya, B Chen, JH Porter, MD Angelici, RJ TI Effects of packing and orientation on the hydrolysis of ester monolayers on gold SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; ALKANETHIOLATE MONOLAYERS; REDUCTIVE DESORPTION; SURFACES; AU(111); SPECTROSCOPY; RESONANCE; TIP; AG AB Two novel nitrophenyl disulfide esters, di(4-nitrophenyl)-4,4'-dithiobisbenzoate (pNBD) and di(4-nitrophenyl)-3,3'-dithiobisbenzoate (mNBD), were prepared, adsorbed spontaneously as thiolate monolayers on gold surfaces, and used as models for examining factors affecting rates of interfacial reactions. These monolayers were characterized by infrared reflection spectroscopy (IRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, single sweep voltammetry, and contact angle goniometry. The adsorbed form of mNBD (mNBT) undergoes a pseudo-first-order base-catalyzed hydrolysis at a rate that is 7 x 10(4) slower than that for mNBD in solution. The monolayer of the adsorbed para isomer of the ester is even less reactive; that is, it is not detectably hydrolyzed after 3 days of immersion in 0.5 M KOH. The lower packing density of the meta isomer ester accounts for its faster rate of hydrolysis as compared with that of the para isomer ester. The progression of the IRS data suggests that the orientation of the nitrophenyl ring in the mNBT monolayer undergoes a significant change during the early stages of hydrolysis but that this change in orientation does not detectably affect the rate of hydrolysis. Reaction of the mNBT monolayer with n-butylamine, which forms the corresponding amide via pseudo-first-order kinetics, does not cause a change in the orientation of the nitrophenyl ring. Thus, the change in orientation during hydrolysis reflects an increase in the free volume of the adlayer that arises from loss of the nitrophenylate product to solution. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, USDOE, Microanalyt Instrumentat Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Porter, MD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, USDOE, Microanalyt Instrumentat Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD OCT 16 PY 2001 VL 17 IS 21 BP 6569 EP 6576 DI 10.1021/la010590u PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 482XL UT WOS:000171602500029 ER PT J AU Shin, K Rafailovich, MH Sokolov, J Gersappe, D Kim, MW Satija, SK Nguyen, D Xu, D Yang, NL Eisenberg, A AF Shin, K Rafailovich, MH Sokolov, J Gersappe, D Kim, MW Satija, SK Nguyen, D Xu, D Yang, NL Eisenberg, A TI Structures of thin ionomer films in solvent mixtures SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID POLYELECTROLYTE BRUSHES; POLYMER BRUSHES; PREFERENTIAL SOLVATION; NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY; MIXED-SOLVENTS; BEHAVIOR; TRANSITION; DEPENDENCE; INTERFACE AB We have used neutron reflectivity to measure the concentration profiles of polystyrenesulfonated acid (PSSA(x)) films with three different degrees of sulfonation (x = 3.4%, 12.8%, and 27.0%) in water, CCl4, and a mixture of the two solvents. The data show that; except for the x = 3.4% films where CCl4 is a good solvent, the largest degree of swelling occurred in the mixed solvent. Contrast matching the water to the polymer layer enabled us to profile the CCl4. concentration. The results showed that CCl4 and water were mixed within the polymer film in a ratio of 1:2 and 1:4 for 12.8 mol % and 27.0 mol % PSSA, respectively. Self-consistent-field calculations indicated that the number of adsorbed sulfonated blocks scales linearly with the degree of sulfonation. Using the interaction parameters between the PS and SA blocks obtained by fitting to the data in pure solvents, excellent agreement is obtained for the profiles of the polymer and the solvent mixtures for all values of x. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Adv Mat Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Dept Chem, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA. McGill Univ, Dept Chem, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada. RP Rafailovich, MH (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RI Eisenberg, Adi/B-8676-2008; Shin, Kwanwoo /C-4979-2012; Kim, Mahn Won/C-1541-2011; OI Shin, Kwanwoo/0000-0002-7563-8581 NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD OCT 16 PY 2001 VL 17 IS 21 BP 6675 EP 6682 DI 10.1021/la001725j PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 482XL UT WOS:000171602500043 ER PT J AU Yang, BS Lal, J Kohn, J Huang, JS Russel, WB Prud'homme, RK AF Yang, BS Lal, J Kohn, J Huang, JS Russel, WB Prud'homme, RK TI Interaction of surfactant lamellar phase and a strictly alternating comb-graft amphiphilic polymer based on PEG SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ASSOCIATIVE POLYMERS; SYSTEM; COPOLYMERS; SCATTERING; BEHAVIOR; MICELLES; LYSINE AB We study the effect of hydrophobically modified polymers (hm-polymers) on the phase behavior and membrane elastic properties of the lyotropic lamellar (L-alpha) phase of the nonionic surfactant penta(ethylene glycol) dodecyl ether (C12E5). The hm-polymer is a model comb-graft polymer with monodisperse PEG blocks (loops) of 6, 12, or 35 kg/mol connecting C-18 stearylamide hydrophobes. The polymer is of interest because both its loops and hydrophobes are biocompatible. The membrane properties are extracted from the small-angle neutron scattering data based on the model of Nallet et al. The monophasic L-alpha region exists over a narrower membrane volume fraction range but to a higher polymer concentration for hmPEGs with larger PEG spacers. The rigidity of the membranes increases by 40% with decreasing PEG spacer size from 12 to 6 kg/mol or increasing polymer concentration. For hmPEG polymers with 2-3 loops, the effect of finite chain lengths plays a role on the phase behavior and membrane properties. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Prud'homme, RK (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NR 36 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD OCT 16 PY 2001 VL 17 IS 21 BP 6692 EP 6698 DI 10.1021/la0105533 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 482XL UT WOS:000171602500045 ER PT J AU Wilder, JW Seshadri, K Smith, DH AF Wilder, JW Seshadri, K Smith, DH TI Modeling hydrate formation in media with broad pore size distributions SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; METHANE AB We show how the modification by Henry et al. of the earlier van der Waals-Plateeuw thermodynamic model can be used to interpret data for hydrates in small pores even when there is a broad distribution of pore sizes. Pore size distribution effects explain the previously reported discrepancy between calculated and measured equilibrium pressures for nominal 7.5 nm radius pores. On the basis of the model, pore volume distributions are reconstructed for the silica gel samples in which the hydrates were formed and compared with distributions constructed from desorption isotherms. The excellent agreement between the calculations and experimental data supports the interpretation of how the pore size distribution present in the silica gel samples affects the observed equilibrium pressures. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. Parsons Infrastruct & Technol Grp, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Math, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Wilder, JW (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 19 TC 55 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD OCT 16 PY 2001 VL 17 IS 21 BP 6729 EP 6735 DI 10.1021/la010377y PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 482XL UT WOS:000171602500050 ER PT J AU Allen, TM Falconer, TM Cisper, ME Borgerding, AJ Wilkerson, CW AF Allen, TM Falconer, TM Cisper, ME Borgerding, AJ Wilkerson, CW TI Real-time analysis of methanol in air and water by membrane introduction mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; AMBIENT AIR; HUMAN BREATH; EMISSIONS; SAMPLES; MS AB We present results for the near-real-time, on-line detection of methanol in both air and water using membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS). In these experiments, we compare the sensitivity of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) membrane and an allyl alcohol (AA) membrane to the detection of methanol. In MIMS, the membrane serves as the interface between the sample and the vacuum of the mass spectrometer. Membrane-diffused water was used as the reagent ion (H3O+) for chemical ionization of methanol in an ion trap mass spectrometer. Linear calibration curves have been obtained for methanol using both PDMS and AA membranes. For PDMS, detection limits of methanol are 14 ppmv and 5 ppm in air and water, respectively. For AA, detection limits are 3.3 ppmv and 2 ppm in air and water, respectively. We demonstrate that the sensitivity of the analysis can be altered by the chemistry of the membrane. When the AA membrane is used, the sensitivity of MINTS is enhanced over that of PDMS by a factor of 8.5 for methanol in air and by a factor of 23.4 for methanol in water. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ N Dakota, Dept Chem, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Wilkerson, CW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 40 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 73 IS 20 BP 4830 EP 4835 DI 10.1021/ac010315c PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 484NQ UT WOS:000171696800011 PM 11681458 ER PT J AU Hunter, TC Yang, L Zhu, HN Majidi, V Bradbury, EM Chen, X AF Hunter, TC Yang, L Zhu, HN Majidi, V Bradbury, EM Chen, X TI Peptide mass mapping constrained with stable isotope-tagged peptides for identification of protein mixtures SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POST-SOURCE DECAY; ACCURATE MASS; DELAYED EXTRACTION; SEQUENCE DATABASES; SPECTROMETRY; MALDI; YEAST; MS; INFORMATION; PROTEOMICS AB Through proteolysis and peptide mass determination using mass spectrometry, a peptide mass map (PI IM) can be generated for protein identification. However, insufficient peptide mass accuracy and protein sequence coverage limit the potential of the PMM approach for high-throughput, large-scale analysis of proteins. In our novel approach, nonlabile protons in particular amino acid residues were replaced with deuteriums to mass-tag proteins of the S. cerevisiae proteome in a sequence-specific manner. The resulting mass-tagged proteolytic peptides with characteristic mass-split patterns can be identified in the data search using constraints of both amino acid composition and mass-to-charge ratio. More importantly, the mass-tagged peptides can further act as internal calibrants with high confidence in a PMM to identify the parent proteins at modest mass accuracy and low sequence coverage. As a result, the specificity and accuracy of a PMM was greatly enhanced without the need for peptide sequencing or instrumental improvements to obtain increased mass accuracy. The power of PMM has been extended to the unambiguous identification of multiple proteins in a ID SDS gel band including the identification of a membrane protein. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Div Chem, CACS, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Div Chem, CACS, BN-2,MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM xchen@telomere.lanl.gov RI Zhu, Haining/A-6076-2008 NR 42 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 73 IS 20 BP 4891 EP 4902 DI 10.1021/ac0103322 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 484NQ UT WOS:000171696800018 PM 11681465 ER PT J AU Babinski, A Jasinski, J Bozek, R Szepielow, A Baranowski, JM AF Babinski, A Jasinski, J Bozek, R Szepielow, A Baranowski, JM TI Rapid thermal annealing of InAs/GaAs quantum dots under a GaAs proximity cap SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; INTERDIFFUSION; LUMINESCENCE; STRAIN AB The effect of postgrowth rapid thermal annealing (RTA) on GaAs proximity-capped structures with self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) is investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence (PL). As can be seen from the TEM images, QDs increase their lateral sizes with increasing annealing temperature (up to 700 degreesC). QDs cannot be distinguished after RTA at temperature 800 degreesC or higher, and substantial thickening of the wetting layer can be seen instead. The main PL peak blueshifts as a result of RTA. We propose that in the as-grown sample as well, as in samples annealed at temperatures up to 700 degreesC, the peak is due to the QDs. After RTA at 800 degreesC and higher the PL peak is due to a modified wetting layer. Relatively fast dissolution of QDs is explained in terms of strain-induced lateral Ga/In interdiffusion. It is proposed that such a process may be of importance in proximity-capped RTA, when no group-III vacancy formation takes place at the sample/capping interface. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Babinski, A (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. OI Babinski, Adam/0000-0002-5591-4825 NR 20 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 16 BP 2576 EP 2578 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 480MX UT WOS:000171466200025 ER PT J AU Zhai, HY Christen, HM Zhang, L Cantoni, C Paranthaman, M Sales, BC Christen, DK Lowndes, DH AF Zhai, HY Christen, HM Zhang, L Cantoni, C Paranthaman, M Sales, BC Christen, DK Lowndes, DH TI Superconducting magnesium diboride films on Si with T-c0 similar to 24 K grown via vacuum annealing from stoichiometric precursors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Superconducting magnesium diboride films with T(c0)similar to 24 K and sharp transition similar to1 K were prepared on Si by pulsed-laser deposition from stoichiometric MgB2 target. Contrary to previous reports, anneals at 630 degreesC and a background of 2x10(-4) Ar/4%H-2 were performed without the requirement of Mg vapor or Mg cap layer. This integration of superconducting MgB2 film on Si may thus prove enabling in superconductor-semiconductor device applications. Images of surface morphology and cross-section profiles by scanning electron microscopy show that the films have a uniform surface morphology and thickness. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy study reveals these films were contaminated with oxygen, originating either from the growth environment or from sample exposure to air. The oxygen contamination may account for the low T-c for those in situ annealed films, while the use of Si as a substrate does not result in a decrease in T-c as compared to other substrates. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. RP Zhai, HY (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. RI Christen, David/A-9709-2008; Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013; Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015 OI Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469; Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531 NR 15 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 16 BP 2603 EP 2605 DI 10.1063/1.1410360 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 480MX UT WOS:000171466200034 ER PT J AU Zhang, PC Brady, PV Arthur, SE Zhou, WQ Sawyer, D Hesterberg, DA AF Zhang, PC Brady, PV Arthur, SE Zhou, WQ Sawyer, D Hesterberg, DA TI Adsorption of barium(II) on montmorillonite: an EXAFS study SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article DE barium; sorption; EXAFS; montmorillonite; radium ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; BOND-VALENCE DETERMINATION; SURFACE FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; OXIDE-WATER INTERFACES; HYDROUS FERRIC-OXIDE; CLAY-MINERALS; SORPTION PRODUCTS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; STRONTIUM IONS; METAL-CATIONS AB Migration of radioactive radium, (226)Ra, in soil is an environmental concern, especially in areas adjacent to uranium processing facilities. Barium(II), as Ba(2+), was used as a Ra analog and reacted with a Na-montmorillonite to obtain mechanistic insights into the interaction of Ra with soil matrices. The majority of sorbed Ba is associated with the permanently charged surface sites on the montmorillonite basal surface. This is indicated by the facts that (1) sorption of Ba(II) on montmorillonite is not highly sensitive to solution pH, although an increase of sorption was observed at higher pH values; and (2) displacement of sorbed Ba increased with increased NaNO(3) concentration. As demonstrated by EXAFS, a small fraction of Ba also adsorbed on the montmorillonite edge, forming an in,ner-sphere surface complex through sharing of oxygen atom(s) from deprotonated -OH group of the Al octahedral layer. The EXAFS measured distances between Ba and O at the first shell, and Ba and Al of the second shell are 2.7-2.8 and 3.7-3.9 A, respectively, consistent with the results from geometry of a inner-sphere complex at the edge site. Results from bulk experiments and spectroscopic analysis suggest a co-existence of outer- and inner-sphere surface complexes for Ba sorbed to the montmorillonite surface. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Zhang, PC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, MS 0750, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM pzhang@sandia.gov NR 41 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 190 IS 3 BP 239 EP 249 DI 10.1016/S0927-7757(01)00592-1 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 465LD UT WOS:000170589700003 ER PT J AU Gaines, I Gonzalez, S Qian, S AF Gaines, I Gonzalez, S Qian, S TI Implementation of an object oriented track reconstruction model into multiple LHC experiments SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP 2000) CY FEB 07-11, 2000 CL PADUA, ITALY SP European Phys Soc DE OO models; track reconstruction; Kalman filtering; CMS; ATLAS AB An Object Oriented (OO) model (Gaines et al., 1996; 1997; Gaines and Qian, 1998; 1999) for track reconstruction by the Kalman filtering method has been designed for high energy physics experiments at high luminosity hadron colliders. The model has been coded in the C++ programming language and has been successfully implemented into the OO computing environments of both the CMS (1994) and ATLAS (1994) experiments at the future Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. We shall report: (1) how the OO model was adapted, with largely the same code, to different scenarios and serves the different reconstruction aims in different experiments (i.e. the level-2 trigger software for ATLAS and the offline software for CMS); (2) how the OO model has been incorporated into different OO environments with a similar integration structure (demonstrating the ease of re-use of OO program); (3) what are the OO model's performance, including execution time, memory usage, track finding efficiency and ghost rate, etc.; and (4) additional physics performance based on use of the OO tracking model. We shall also mention the experience and lessons learned from the implementation of the OO model into the general OO software framework of the experiments. In summary, our practice shows that the OO technology really makes the software development and the integration issues straightforward and convenient; this may be particularly beneficial for the general noncomputer-professional physicists. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. RP Qian, S (reprint author), CERN, Div EP, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 140 IS 1-2 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(01)00252-1 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 481PA UT WOS:000171527500004 ER PT J AU Fine, V Fisyak, Y Perevoztchikov, V Wenaus, T AF Fine, V Fisyak, Y Perevoztchikov, V Wenaus, T TI The STAR offline framework SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP 2000) CY FEB 07-11, 2000 CL PADUA, ITALY SP European Phys Soc DE OO; fortran; C plus; ROOT; dataset; hierarchy; STAR; RHIC AB The Solenoidal Tracker At RHIC (STAR) is a large acceptance collider detector which started data taking at Brookhaven National Laboratory in summer 2000. STAR has developed a software framework for simulation, reconstruction and analysis in offline production, interactive physics analysis, and online monitoring. It is well matched both to STAR's present status of transitioning from a Fortran/C++ base to a fully object oriented (OO) base, and to the emerging OO base. This paper presents the results of two years of effort developing a modular C++ framework based on the ROOT package. The framework encompasses both wrapped Fortran components (legacy simulation and reconstruction code) used via IDL-defined data structures, and fully OO components (all physics analysis code) served by a recently developed object model for event data. The framework supports chronologically chained components, which can themselves be composite sub-chains, with components ("makers") managing "data sets" they have created and are responsible for. Makers and data sets inherit from the TDataSet class which supports their organization into hierarchical structures for management. TDataSet also centralizes almost all system tasks such as data set navigation, I/O, database access, and intercomponent communication. This paper will present an overview of this system, now deployed and well exercised in production environments with 10 TBytes real and 3 TBytes simulated data, and in an active physics analysis development program. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RP Fine, V (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 140 IS 1-2 BP 76 EP 81 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(01)00257-0 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 481PA UT WOS:000171527500009 ER PT J AU Anikeev, K Bauer, G Furic, I Holmgren, D Korn, A Kravchenko, I Mulhearn, M Ngan, P Paus, C Rakitin, A Rechenmacher, R Shah, T Sphicas, P Sumorok, K Tether, S Tseng, J Wuerthwein, F AF Anikeev, K Bauer, G Furic, I Holmgren, D Korn, A Kravchenko, I Mulhearn, M Ngan, P Paus, C Rakitin, A Rechenmacher, R Shah, T Sphicas, P Sumorok, K Tether, S Tseng, J Wuerthwein, F TI Event Builder and Level 3 trigger at the CDF experiment SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP 2000) CY FEB 07-11, 2000 CL PADUA, ITALY SP European Phys Soc DE CDF; Level 3; Event Builder; Run II AB The Event Builder and Level 3 trigger systems of the CDF experiment at Fermilab are required to process about 300 events per second, with an average event size of similar to 200 KB. In the event building process the event is assembled from 15 sources supplying event fragments with roughly equal sizes of 12-16 KB. In the subsequent commercial processor-based Level 3 trigger, the events are reconstructed and trigger algorithms are applied. The CPU power required for filtering such a high data throughput rate exceeds 45000 MIPS. To meet these requirements a distributed and scalable architecture has been chosen. It is based on commodity components: VME-based CPU's for the data read out, an ATM switch for the event building and Pentium-based personal computers running the Linux operating system for the event processing. Event flow through ATM is controlled by a reflective memory ring. The roughly homogeneous distribution of the expected load allows the use of 100 Mbps Ethernet for event distribution and collection within the Level 3 system. Preliminary results from a test system obtained during the last year are presented. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Fermi Natl Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Kravchenko, I (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. OI Holmgren, Donald/0000-0001-6701-7737 NR 6 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 140 IS 1-2 BP 110 EP 116 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(01)00261-2 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 481PA UT WOS:000171527500013 ER PT J AU Bernardo, L Nordberg, H Olson, D Shoshani, A Sim, A Vaniachine, A Zimmerman, D Gibbard, B Porter, R Wenaus, T Malon, D AF Bernardo, L Nordberg, H Olson, D Shoshani, A Sim, A Vaniachine, A Zimmerman, D Gibbard, B Porter, R Wenaus, T Malon, D TI New capabilities in the HENP Grand Challenge Storage Access System and its application at RHIC SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP 2000) CY FEB 07-11, 2000 CL PADUA, ITALY SP European Phys Soc DE tag tape; MySQL; query analysis; HPSS; STAR; RHIC; CORBA AB The High Energy and Nuclear Physics Data Access Grand Challenge project has developed an optimizing storage access software system that was prototyped at RHIC. It is currently undergoing integration with the STAR experiment in preparation for data taking that starts in mid-2000. The behavior and lessons learned in the RHIC Mock Data Challenge exercises are described as well as the observed performance under conditions designed to characterize scalability. Up to 250 simultaneous queries were tested and up to 10 million events across 7 event components were involved in these queries. The system coordinates the staging of "bundles" of files from the HPSS tape system, so that all the needed components of each event are in disk cache when accessed by the application software. The caching policy algorithm for the coordinated bundle staging is described in the paper. The initial prototype implementation interfaced to the Objectivity/DB. In this latest version, it evolved to work with arbitrary files and use CORBA interfaces to the tag database and file catalog services. The interface to the tag database and the MySQL-based file catalog services used by STAR are described along with the planned usage scenarios. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Olson, D (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013 OI Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 140 IS 1-2 BP 179 EP 188 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(01)00269-7 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 481PA UT WOS:000171527500021 ER PT J AU Buckley-Geer, L Lammel, S Leininger, M Watts, T AF Buckley-Geer, L Lammel, S Leininger, M Watts, T TI Overview of the CDF Run II data handling system SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP 2000) CY FEB 07-11, 2000 CL PADUA, ITALY SP European Phys Soc DE data handling; data storage; data access; analysis system; data catalogued; resource management; tape handling; CDF; Run II; overview; CHEP2000 AB The Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) collaboration records and analyses proton-anti-proton interactions with a center-of-mass energy of 2 TeV at the Tevatron. During the next collider run the experiment expects to record about 1 PetaByte of data, an increase by more than an order of magnitude in data volume compared to the existing data of the experiment. This paper gives an overview of the new data handling system. The design builds upon successful strategies used in the past but eliminates shortcomings encountered with the old system. The core of the central analysis system will be a pool of over 20 TBytes of data disks. Logically behind this disk pool will be an automated tape library with a storage capacity to hold the full 1 PByte of Run II data. Multi-processor compute systems will be located around this storage pool to provide the required analysis power of over 3000 SPECint95. Desktop systems will be integrated into the analysis system via a shared login area and user authentication. The data handling software falls into four categories: software to manage computing resources, software for the data disks and for the mass storage subsystem, software to organize and manage the meta-data information, and the I/O modules in the analysis framework for accessing data. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Watts, T (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 140 IS 1-2 BP 198 EP 208 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(01)00271-5 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 481PA UT WOS:000171527500023 ER PT J AU Antos, J Breitung, M Chan, T Chang, PT Chen, YC Dawson, T Fromm, J Giacchetti, L Levshina, T Mandrichenko, I Pasetes, R Schweitzer, M Shepelak, K Siket, M Skow, D Wolbers, S Yeh, GP Yeh, P AF Antos, J Breitung, M Chan, T Chang, PT Chen, YC Dawson, T Fromm, J Giacchetti, L Levshina, T Mandrichenko, I Pasetes, R Schweitzer, M Shepelak, K Siket, M Skow, D Wolbers, S Yeh, GP Yeh, P TI Design and first tests of the CDF Run 2 farms SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP 2000) CY FEB 07-11, 2000 CL PADUA, ITALY SP European Phys Soc DE data analysis; data management; high-energy physics AB The high energy physics experiment CDF, located in the anti-proton-proton collider at Fermilab, will write data in Run 2 at a rate of 20 MByte/s, twenty times the rate of Run 1. The offline production system must be able to handle this rate. Components of that system include a large PC farm, I/O systems to read/write data to and from mass storage, and a system to split the reconstructed data into physics streams which are required for analysis. All of the components must work together seamlessly to ensure the necessary throughput. A description will be given of the overall hardware and software design for the system. A small prototype farm has been used for about one year to study performance, to test software designs and for the first Mock Data Challenge. Results from the tests and experience from the first Mock Data Challenge will be discussed. The hardware for the first production farm is in place and will be used for the second Mock Data Challenge. Finally, the possible scaling of the system to handle larger rates foreseen later in Run 2 will be described. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Acad Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan. Comenius Univ, Bratislava 81806, Slovakia. RP Wolbers, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 140 IS 1-2 BP 239 EP 245 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(01)00275-2 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 481PA UT WOS:000171527500028 ER PT J AU Breitung, M Fromm, J Levshina, T Mandrichenko, I Schweitzer, M AF Breitung, M Fromm, J Levshina, T Mandrichenko, I Schweitzer, M TI Farm Batch System and Fermi Inter-Process Communication and synchronization toolkit SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP 2000) CY FEB 07-11, 2000 CL PADUA, ITALY SP European Phys Soc DE PC farms; batch system; computational resource management AB Farms Batch System (FBS) was developed as a batch process management system for off-line Run II data processing at Fermilab. FBS will manage PC farms composed of up to 250 nodes and scalable to 1000 nodes with disk capacity of up to several TB. FBS allows users to start arrays of parallel processes on multiple computers. It uses a simplified "resource counting" method load balancing. FBS has been successfully used for more than a year at Fermilab by fixed target experiments and will be used for collider experiment off-line data processing. Fermi Inter-Process Communication toolkit (FIPC) was designed as a supplement product for FBS that helps establish synchronization and communication between processes running in a distributed batch environment. However, FIPC is an independent package, and can be used with other batch systems, as well as in a non-batch environment. FIPC provides users with a variety of global distributed objects such as semaphores, queues and string variables. Other types of objects can be easily added to FIPC. FIPC has been running on several PC farms at Fermilab for half a year and is going to be used by CDF for off-line data processing. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Mandrichenko, I (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 140 IS 1-2 BP 253 EP 265 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(01)00278-8 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 481PA UT WOS:000171527500030 ER PT J AU Ballaminut, A Colonello, C Donszelmann, M van Herwijnen, E Koper, D Korhonen, J Litmaath, M Perl, J Theodorou, A Whiteson, D Wolff, E AF Ballaminut, A Colonello, C Donszelmann, M van Herwijnen, E Koper, D Korhonen, J Litmaath, M Perl, J Theodorou, A Whiteson, D Wolff, E TI WIRED - World Wide Web interactive remote event display SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP 2000) CY FEB 07-11, 2000 CL PADUA, ITALY SP European Phys Soc DE HEP event displays; Java; RMI; XML; CORBA AB WIRED (http://wired.cern.ch/) is a framework, written in Java, to build High Energy Physics event displays that can be used across the network. To guarantee portability across all platforms, WIRED is implemented in the Java language and uses the Swing user interface component set. It can be used as a stand-alone application or as an applet inside a WWW browser. The graphical user interface allows for multiple views and for multiple controls acting on those views. A detector tree control is available to toggle the visibility of parts of the events and detector geometry, XML (Extensible Markup Language), RMI (Remote Method Invocation) and CORBA loaders can be used to load event data as well as geometry data, and to connect to FORTRAN, C, C++ and Java reconstruction programs. Non-linear and non-Cartesian projections (e.g., fisheye, rho-phi, rho -Z, phi -Z) provide special views to get a better understanding of events. A special Java interpreter allows physicists to write small scripts to interact with their data and its display. WIRED has grown to be a framework in use and under development in several HEP experiments., (ATLAS, CHORUS, DELPHI, LHCb, BaBar, DO and ZEUS). WIRED event displays have also proven to be useful to explain High Energy Physics to the general public. Both CERN, in its traveling exhibition and MicroCosm. and RAL, during its open days, have displays set up. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Oulu, FIN-90401 Oulu, Finland. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Donszelmann, M (reprint author), CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 140 IS 1-2 BP 266 EP 273 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(01)00277-6 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 481PA UT WOS:000171527500031 ER PT J AU Jokic, A Frenkel, AI Vairavamurthy, MA Huang, PM AF Jokic, A Frenkel, AI Vairavamurthy, MA Huang, PM TI Birnessite catalysis of the Maillard reaction: Its significance in natural humification SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER; SPECTROSCOPY; MELANOIDINS; CHEMISTRY; MANGANESE; OXIDES AB dAlthough mineral colloids are known to play a significant role in transforming organic matter in soils and sediments, there still are many gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms of organic-mineral interactions. In this study, we investigated the role of a major oxide-mineral bimessite (a form of Mn(IV) oxide) in catalyzing the condensation reaction between sugars and amino acids, the Maillard reaction, for forming humic substances. The Maillard reaction is perceived to be a moor pathway in natural humification, Using a suite of spectroscopic methods (including F-SR, XANES, EXAFS and C-13 NMR), our results show that Mn(IV) oxide markedly accelerates the Maillard reaction between glucose and glycine at ranges of temperatures and pH typical of natural environments. These results demonstrate the importance, of manganese oxide catalysis in the Maillard reaction, and its significance in the natural abiotic formation of humic substances. C1 Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Soil Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Illinois, Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Huang, PM (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Soil Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. RI Frenkel, Anatoly/D-3311-2011 OI Frenkel, Anatoly/0000-0002-5451-1207 NR 25 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 28 IS 20 BP 3899 EP 3902 DI 10.1029/2001GL013839 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 482RA UT WOS:000171588000019 ER PT J AU Kanouff, M Shields, H Bernardez, L Chenoweth, D Kubiak, G AF Kanouff, M Shields, H Bernardez, L Chenoweth, D Kubiak, G TI Absorption of extreme ultraviolet light in a laser produced gas-jet plasma source SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ND-YAG LASER; X-RAY-EMISSION; NOZZLE; FLOWS; EUV; LITHOGRAPHY; NUCLEATION; GROWTH AB Laser produced plasmas (LPPs) provide a stable source of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light making them well suited for use in next-generation lithography tools. The plasma is generated by directing a laser at a target composed of a partially condensed gas after it undergoes a supersonic expansion through a nozzle and enters a vacuum chamber. The expansion process results in very cold temperatures such that the gas partially condenses forming a mixture of gas and small clusters. The clusters absorb the laser energy leading to the formation of the plasma, but the excess gas absorbs some of the emitted EUV light reducing the net output of the LPP. Calculations were carried out to determine the amount of EUV light absorbed by the gaseous xenon that surrounds the plasma. The Navier-Stokes equations were solved to obtain the gas density field. Observations from experiments were used for the shape of the plasma, which showed it to be approximately that of a prolate spheroid. The relative EUV signal strength was obtained as a function of the direction angle by calculating the absorption of EUV light in the gas surrounding the plasma and integrating over the plasma surface. Calculated results for the normalized EUV energy distribution compare well with measurements of the EUV angular distribution obtained in the experiments. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. TRW Co Inc, Space & Elect Grp, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA. RP Kanouff, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 32 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 90 IS 8 BP 3726 EP 3734 DI 10.1063/1.1403681 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 482EP UT WOS:000171562100007 ER PT J AU Lee, YE Norton, DP Budai, JD Wei, Y AF Lee, YE Norton, DP Budai, JD Wei, Y TI Enhanced ultraviolet photoconductivity in semiconducting ZnGa2O4 thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WIDE BAND-GAP; PERSISTENT PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; HIGH ELECTROCONDUCTIVITY; OXIDE PHASE; SPINEL; PHOSPHOR; CDGA2O4 AB We have investigated the conductivity and photoconductivity response of undoped and Li-doped ZnGa2O4 epitaxial films grown using pulsed-laser deposition. A significant enhancement of the ultraviolet (UV) photoresponse is observed with Li doping that also correlates with an enhanced luminescent intensity. The wavelength dependence observed for creation of free carriers under UV excitation suggests that the transition is either band-to-band or involves a defect level near the band edge. Moderate n-type dark conductivity is observed for undoped films processed under reducing conditions. With Li doping, dark conductivity is reduced, suggesting that lithium ions in the zinc gallate lattice serve as deep acceptors. In addition, Li doping effectively eliminates persistent photoconductivity that is commonly observed in undoped films, suggesting the possible use of Li-doped ZnGa2O4 as a visible wavelength blind UV photodetector. (C) 2001 American Institute Of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Elect & Telecommun Res Inst, Microelect Technol Lab, Taejon, South Korea. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Lee, YE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Budai, John/R-9276-2016 OI Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306 NR 16 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 90 IS 8 BP 3863 EP 3866 DI 10.1063/1.1396829 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 482EP UT WOS:000171562100027 ER PT J AU Hirata, GA McKittrick, J Trkula, M Mourant, J Mourant, J Sze, R AF Hirata, GA McKittrick, J Trkula, M Mourant, J Mourant, J Sze, R TI Laser melting of photoluminescent (Y0.92EU0.08)(2)O-3 films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; AMORPHOUS-SILICON FILMS; EXCIMER-LASER; THIN-FILMS; CRYSTALLIZATION; LUMINESCENCE; PHOSPHORS; GROWTH AB Fluorescent red-emitting (Y0.92Eu0.08)(2)O-3 films were deposited on sapphire substrates by the metallorganic chemical vapor deposition technique. The films were weakly luminescent in the as-deposited condition. The as-deposited films were composed of nanocrystals embedded in columnar grains. A KrF laser with ultraviolet (lambda =248 nm) pulses at a fluence level between 0.9 and 2.3 J/cm(2) was applied to different regions of the film. Increasing the energy fluence density initially increased the photoluminescence intensity but decreased it at the highest level. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy verified that surface melting and ablation occurred at all fluence levels. Computational modeling of the laser melting and ablation process predicted that a significant fraction of the film is removed by ablation at the highest fluence levels, thereby decreasing the photoluminescence intensity of the films due to the significant amount of material removed. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Mat Sci & Engn Program, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Mat Condensada, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Hirata, Gustavo/E-2532-2016 NR 28 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 90 IS 8 BP 3919 EP 3924 DI 10.1063/1.1404428 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 482EP UT WOS:000171562100036 ER PT J AU Tardio, MM Ramirez, R Gonzalez, R Chen, Y Kokta, MR AF Tardio, MM Ramirez, R Gonzalez, R Chen, Y Kokta, MR TI Enhancement of electrical conductivity in alpha-Al2O3 crystals doped with magnesium SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MGO SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SPIN-RESONANCE; DEPOLARIZATION; IONIZATION; VACANCIES; DEFECTS AB Direct current and alternating current electrical measurements were performed to investigate the electrical conductivity of alpha -Al2O3:Mg samples with different concentrations of [Mg](0) centers (Mg ions each with a trapped hole) in the temperature interval 250-800 K. The concentration of [Mg](0) centers was monitored by the optical absorption peak at 2.56 eV. These centers were produced by oxidation at temperatures above 1050 K. The formation rate of [Mg](0) centers depends on the previous thermal history of the sample in either reducing or oxidizing atmosphere. At low electrical fields, dc measurements reveal blocking contacts. At high fields, the I-V characteristic is similar to that of a diode (corresponding to a blocking contact at one side of the sample and an ohmic contact at the other side) connected in series with the bulk resistance of the sample. Steady electroluminescence is emitted at the negative electrode when a current in excess of approximate to 10 muA passes through the sample, indicating that the majority of carriers are holes. Low voltage ac measurements show that the equivalent circuit for the sample is the bulk resistance in series with the junction capacitance (representing the blocking contacts) connected in parallel with a capacitance, which represents the dielectric constant of the sample. The values determined for the bulk resistance in both dc and ac experiments are in good agreement. The electrical conductivity of Al2O3:Mg crystals increases linearly with the concentration of [Mg](0) centers, regardless of the amount of other impurities also present in the crystals, and is four times higher in the c(parallel to) than in the c(perpendicular to) direction. The conductivity is thermally activated with an activation energy of 0.68 eV, which is independent of: (1) the [Mg](0) content, (2) the crystallographic orientation, and (3) the concentration of other impurities. These results favor the small-polaron-motion mechanism. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Carlos III Madrid, Escuela Politecn Super, Dept Fis, Madrid 28911, Spain. US DOE, Div Mat Sci, Off Basic Energy Sci, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. BICRON Crystal Prod, Washougal, WA USA. RP Tardio, MM (reprint author), Univ Carlos III Madrid, Escuela Politecn Super, Dept Fis, Avda Univ 30, Madrid 28911, Spain. RI Ramirez Jimenez, Rafael/I-1769-2015; TARDIO LOPEZ, MIGUEL M./G-3177-2016 OI TARDIO LOPEZ, MIGUEL M./0000-0001-7413-0009 NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 90 IS 8 BP 3942 EP 3951 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 482EP UT WOS:000171562100039 ER PT J AU Yan, YF Al-Jassim, MM Demuth, T AF Yan, YF Al-Jassim, MM Demuth, T TI Energetics and effects of planar defects in CdTe SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CDS/CDTE SOLAR-CELLS; STACKING-FAULTS; AB-INITIO; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; DEPENDENCE; EFFICIENCY; TRANSITION; SILICON AB The formation energies of planar defects such as lamellar twins and intrinsic and extrinsic stacking faults in CdTe are calculated using first-principles total-energy calculations. We find that the formation energies, 16 erg/cm(2) for lamellar twins and 34 and 31 erg/cm(2) for intrinsic and extrinsic stacking faults, are very small. This explains why high densities of planar defects are always present in the fast-grown CdTe thin films. The effects of the planar defects on the formations of important point defects in p-type CdTe are also investigated. We find that the planar defects have negligible effects on Cd vacancies and substitutional Cu, whereas they lower the formation energy of Te antisites by about 0.1 eV compared to the perfect regions. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Inst Mat Phys, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. RP Yan, YF (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 24 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 90 IS 8 BP 3952 EP 3955 DI 10.1063/1.1405138 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 482EP UT WOS:000171562100040 ER PT J AU Dong, JH de Almeida, VF Tsouris, C AF Dong, JH de Almeida, VF Tsouris, C TI Formation of liquid columns on liquid-liquid interfaces under applied electric fields SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE liquid-liquid interface; electric fields; interface instability; liquid column; electrohydrodynamics ID ELECTROSTATIC DISPERSION; WATER AB Formation of multiple liquid columns on an initially horizontal, stationary liquid-liquid interface has been studied with an apparatus that allowed for a large distance between the interface and the parallel electrodes used and a vertically applied, direct-current electric field. Interface instability led to the formation of columns in systems consisting of water, toluene, and isopropanol in various concentrations. The liquid columns were drawn from the aqueous phase by the electric force with their upper ends either free or anchored on the upper electrode, depending on the operating conditions and physical properties of the system. Under the action of the electric field, the columns moved and twisted irregularly on the interface, with rotation about the column axis, until they disintegrated into streams of droplets. The formation and morphology of the liquid columns were determined according to the strength of the electric field and the physical properties of the fluids. The total number of columns and their average height, diameter, and slenderness ratio were found to increase with an increase in applied voltage. Lowering the interfacial tension, reducing the density difference between the two phases, and increasing the permittivity of the conducting phase decreased the critical voltage for interface instability onset and the threshold voltage for column formation. A linear stability analysis was carried out based on a model developed by Melcher and Smith (25), extended for mechanical motions on the order of the viscous diffusive length of a small perturbation. The model includes viscosity, relative electric permittivity, electrical conductivity, and interfacial free charge. The results overestimated the critical voltage for instability onset but they shed light on the role played by interfacial free charge on the stability of the system. In particular, a nonzero interfacial free charge can have a stabilizing effect on a liquid-liquid interface formed by fluids whose electrical properties are not drastically different. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tsouris, C (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016; de Almeida, Valmor/P-5498-2016 OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027; de Almeida, Valmor/0000-0003-0899-695X NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 242 IS 2 BP 327 EP 336 DI 10.1006/jcis.2001.7845 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 481YE UT WOS:000171547400009 ER PT J AU Hunke, EC Ackley, SF AF Hunke, EC Ackley, SF TI A numerical investigation of the 1997-1998 Ronne Polynya SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SEA-ICE; WEDDELL SEA; MODEL; SENSITIVITY; LAYER AB The summer season of 1997-1998 marked an unprecedented extent of open water in the southern Weddell Sea, not observed since satellite observations began in the early 1970s. Wind patterns during the summer period tended to be more southerly than in years with typical summer ice coverage, leading to the hypothesis that the polynya opened due to ice advection away from the Ronne Ice Shelf and subsequent enhanced melting through the open water-albedo feedback mechanism. A numerical model is run using a bulk forcing data set from the 1980s for model spin-up and the control run. Initiation of the polynya by the anomalous wind pattern is investigated numerically by substituting winds from the 1997-1998 period for the control winds. While a narrow polynya is present in the control run, it opens considerably with the 1997-1998 winds, to the extent observed in the satellite images. If solar radiation flux is not allowed to heat the mixed layer, the sea ice in front of the Ronne Ice Shelf shows some opening, but the polynya does not form to the extent observed, demonstrating the important role played by open water-albedo feedback. The mixed layer heat budget analysis shows the predominant balance in these three runs was derived from surface forcing and that the upwelling of heat from the deep ocean was not a significant driving force for the 1997-1998 Ronne Polynya. Further analysis of the fresh water budget indicates that the mixed layer salinity increased in areas of open water during the 1997-1998 season by as much as 0.5 psu. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Clarkson Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA. RP Hunke, EC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS-B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 106 IS C10 BP 22373 EP 22382 DI 10.1029/2000JC000640 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 480NR UT WOS:000171468300019 ER PT J AU Van Nguyen, T Vanderborgh, N AF Van Nguyen, T Vanderborgh, N TI The rate of isothermal hydration of polyperfluorosulfonic acid membranes (vol 143, pg 235, 1998) SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Correction C1 Univ Kansas, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Van Nguyen, T (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, 4006 Learned Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 192 IS 1-2 BP 249 EP 249 PG 1 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 471ZG UT WOS:000170958100022 ER PT J AU Kubas, GJ AF Kubas, GJ TI Metal-dihydrogen and sigma-bond coordination: the consummate extension of the Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson model for metal-olefin bonding SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE sigma-bond coordination; Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson model; metal-olefin pi bonding; nonclassical bonding; backdonation; metal-dihydrogen complex; metal-silane complex; metal-borane complex; oxidative addition; trans-effect ID MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN COMPLEXES; INELASTIC-NEUTRON-SCATTERING; H-H BOND; M = RU; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE FACTORS; RHENIUM HYDRIDE COMPLEXES; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; EXTREMELY LOW BARRIER; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS AB There is a marvelous analogy between the metal-olefin pi bonding model first brought to light by Dewar 50 years ago and that of a-bond coordination discovered by us 17 years ago. In some ways it is surprising that 33 years elapsed between the two parallel bonding situations. However this difference pales in comparison to that between the actual synthesis of the first olefin complex, Zeise's salt in 1837, and the first recognized dihydrogen complex nearly 150 years later. This article delineates the principles of sigma -bond coordination and activation inspired by the Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson model and illuminates the often-spectacular interplay between theory and experiment in this field. Aside from H-H bond coordination and activation towards cleavage, the structure and bonding principles apply to Si-H, C-H, and virtually any two-electron X-H or X-Y bond. Metal d to sigma* X-H backdonation is the key to stabilizing sigma -bond coordination and is also crucial to homolytic cleavage (oxidation addition). There are some differences in bonding depending on X, and, in the case of B-H bond coordination, in metal-borane complexes, backdonation to boron p orbitals occurs. For electrophilic complexes, particularly cationic systems with minimal backdonation, heterolytic cleavage of X-H is common and is a key reaction in industrial and biological catalysis. Thus there are two separate pathways for sigma -bond activation that directly depend on the electronics of the metal sigma -ligand bonding. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kubas@lanl.gov NR 241 TC 301 Z9 304 U1 5 U2 90 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X EI 1872-8561 J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 635 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 37 EP 68 DI 10.1016/S0022-328X(01)01066-X PG 32 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 486MC UT WOS:000171820700004 ER PT J AU Bonagamba, TJ Becker-Guedes, F DeAzevedo, ER Schmidt-Rohr, K AF Bonagamba, TJ Becker-Guedes, F DeAzevedo, ER Schmidt-Rohr, K TI Slow ester side-group flips in glassy poly(alkyl methacrylate)s characterized by centerband-only detection of exchange nuclear magnetic resonance SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE exchange NMR; segmental dynamics; beta relaxation; glassy polymers; inhomogeneities; local motions ID MULTIDIMENSIONAL NMR AB Slow side-group dynamics in a series of five poly(alkyl methacrylate)s with various side-group sizes [poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA), poly(isobutyl methacrylate) (PiBMA), and poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate), with -H, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH(CH3)(2), and -cyclohexyl alkyl substituents (CODEX), respectively] were studied quantitatively by centerband-only detection of exchange nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Flips and small-angle motions of the ester groups associated with the P relaxation were observed distinctly in the CODEX NMR data, and the fraction of slowly flipping groups was measured with a precision of 3%. In PMMA, 34% of the side groups flipped on a 1-s timescale, whereas the fraction was 31% in PEXa at 25 degreesC. Even the large isobutylether and cyclohexylester side groups flipped in the glassy state, although the flipping fraction was reduced to 22 and about 10%, respectively. In PMAA, no slow side-group flips were detected on the 1-s timescale. A striking difference in the temperature dependence of the flipping fraction in PMMA versus PEMA and PiBMA was observed. In PMMA, the flipping fraction was temperature-independent between 25 and 80 degreesC, whereas in PEMA, it increased continuously from 31 to 60% between 25 and 60 degreesC. A similar doubling was also observed in PiBMA. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA USA. RP Schmidt-Rohr, K (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RI Bonagamba, Tito/A-2166-2008; deAzevedo, Eduardo/A-1906-2013; Becker-Guedes, Fabio/M-6911-2015; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016 OI deAzevedo, Eduardo/0000-0003-2461-4755; NR 13 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 39 IS 20 BP 2444 EP 2453 DI 10.1002/polb.1216 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 478ND UT WOS:000171351500012 ER PT J AU Bloom, I Cole, BW Sohn, JJ Jones, SA Polzin, EG Battaglia, VS Henriksen, GL Motloch, C Richardson, R Unkelhaeuser, T Ingersoll, D Case, HL AF Bloom, I Cole, BW Sohn, JJ Jones, SA Polzin, EG Battaglia, VS Henriksen, GL Motloch, C Richardson, R Unkelhaeuser, T Ingersoll, D Case, HL TI An accelerated calendar and cycle life study of Li-ion cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE accelerated life study; Li-ion cells; Arrhenius kinetics; parabolic (VE) kinetics AB The accelerated calendar and cycle life of lithium-ion cells was studied. Useful cell life was strongly affected by temperature, time, state-of-charge (SOC) and change in state-of-charge (Delta SOC). In calendar life experiments, useful cell life was strongly affected by temperature and time. Temperature accelerated cell performance degradation. The rates of area specific impedance (ASI) increase and power fade followed simple laws based on a power of time and Arrhenius, kinetics. The data have been modeled using these two concepts and the calculated data agree well with the experimental values. The calendar life ASI increase and power fade data follow (time)(1/2) kinetics. This behavior may be due to solid electrolyte interface layer growth. From the cycle life experiments, the ASI increase data follow (time)(1/2) kinetics also, but there is an apparent change in overall power fade mechanism when going from 3 to 6% Delta SOC. Here, the power of time drops to below 1/2, which indicates that the power fade mechanism is more complex than layer growth. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Bloom, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 5 TC 156 Z9 163 U1 13 U2 75 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 101 IS 2 BP 238 EP 247 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(01)00783-2 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 481UB UT WOS:000171537800014 ER PT J AU Jiang, L Brooks, CR Liaw, PK Klarstrom, DL Rawn, CJ Muenchen, B AF Jiang, L Brooks, CR Liaw, PK Klarstrom, DL Rawn, CJ Muenchen, B TI Phenomenological aspects of the high-cycle fatigue of ULTIMET (R) alloy SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE high-cycle fatigue; fractography; experimental design; phase transformation ID CRACK INITIATION AB ULTIMET (R) alloy is a commercial Co-26Cr-9Ni wt.% superalloy, which possesses good resistance to both wear and corrosion. The microstructure of ULTIMET (R) alloy in the as-received condition exhibited a single face-centered-cubic phase with relatively fine, uniform grains, and annealing twins. Stress-controlled fatigue tests were performed at room temperature with different R ratios, in air and vacuum. The experimental method, uniform design, was employed to plan fatigue tests in order to study systematically the effects of the testing variables. A statistical model was formulated to estimate the effects of maximum stresses, R ratios, and environmental conditions on the S-N curves. The statistical analysis showed that these three factors had significant effects on fatigue life, but there was no interaction effect within the ranges of parameters investigated. Interestingly, there were plateau regions in the S-N curves of this alloy regardless of the environment. The plateaus were around a maximum stress level of 600 MPa, which was approximately equal to the material yield strength of 586 MPa. Fractographic studies showed that fatigue cracks were generally initiated either on the specimen surface or subsurface, and the crack-initiation sites were cleavage-like in nature, typical of stage I crack initiation. Fatigue-fracture surfaces had a crystallographic appearance. The stress-induced phase transformation of ULTIMET (R) alloy during fatigue was characterized by X-ray diffraction. The plateaus of S-N curves were associated with the stress-induced phase transformation and the change of the crack-initiation site from the surface to subsurface. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Haynes Int Inc, Kokomo, IN 46904 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Stat Consulting, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Liaw, PK (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. OI Muenchen, Robert/0000-0001-7283-5195 NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 316 IS 1-2 BP 66 EP 79 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01230-8 PG 14 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 477EB UT WOS:000171269200009 ER PT J AU Rotter, MD Dane, B AF Rotter, MD Dane, B TI Measuring the stimulated-emission cross-section: a case study in Nd : GGG SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE stimulated-emission cross section; Nd : GGG; experimental techniques; solid state laser media ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; DYNAMICS; YB3+ AB The stimulated-emission cross-section is a fundamental optical parameter that is used to characterize laser-active media. Oftentimes, one has incomplete information as regards to the spectroscopy or doping concentration of the laser-active species. In this paper, we present a method for the measurement of the stimulated-emission cross-section which is useful if either the concentration of laser-active species or detailed spectroscopic information is not known a priori, or as a means of comparing the results of several methods of cross-section determination. The method requires only a few simple measurements and is amenable to media in bulk form. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Rotter, MD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5504 L-477, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 16 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 198 IS 1-3 BP 155 EP 161 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(01)01507-3 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 482HZ UT WOS:000171571900023 ER PT J AU Lushnikov, PM AF Lushnikov, PM TI Dispersion-managed soliton in a strong dispersion map limit SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL FIBERS; PULSE DYNAMICS; COMMUNICATION; REGIME AB A dispersion-managed optical system with stepwise periodic variation of dispersion is studied in a strong dispersion map limit in the framework of the path-averaged Gabitov-Turitsyn equation. The soliton solution is obtained by analytical and numerical iteration of the path-averaged equation. An efficient numerical algorithm for finding a DM soliton shape is developed. The envelope of soliton oscillating tails is found to decay exponentially in time, and the oscillations are described by a quadratic law. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 117334, Russia. RP Lushnikov, PM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS-B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Lushnikov, Pavel/I-2304-2013 NR 15 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 20 BP 1535 EP 1537 DI 10.1364/OL.26.001535 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 481ZZ UT WOS:000171551500001 PM 18049654 ER PT J AU Xue, YY Brazdeikis, A Du, ZL Chu, CW AF Xue, YY Brazdeikis, A Du, ZL Chu, CW TI A novel technique for identification of minor superconducting phases SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM; 23-K AB A novel technique that involves isolating and characterizing particles of pulverized samples has been developed to identify minor superconducting phases. Particles as small as 10 mum can be analyzed both magnetically and structurally. Data on several multi-phase Ba-Ca-Cu-O-(C) samples demonstrate that the technique can even distinguish coexisting superconducting phases based on the difference of the transition temperature T-c. Using the technique, (Ba0.95C0.05)(2)CuO4-delta was identified as superconducting with a T-c up to 60 K and lattice parameters a approximate to b approximate to 3.85 Angstrom and c approximate to 15.7 Angstrom. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Houston, TSCUH, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chu, CW (reprint author), Univ Houston, TSCUH, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RI Brazdeikis, Audrius/H-3837-2015 OI Brazdeikis, Audrius/0000-0001-9536-1586 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 363 IS 1 BP 13 EP 18 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00616-5 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 484YR UT WOS:000171717900003 ER PT J AU Olson, CJ Nori, F AF Olson, CJ Nori, F TI Effects of columnar and point defects on magnetic hysteresis curves produced by three-dimensional vortices in layered superconductors SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; DRIVEN VORTEX LATTICES; DYNAMIC PHASE-DIAGRAM; FLUX-LINE-LATTICE; CU-O CRYSTALS; PLASTIC-FLOW; UNTWINNED YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; PERIODIC ARRAYS; PINNING SITES AB Using parallel three-dimensional molecular dynamics simulations of line-like coupled pancake vortices, we consider the effect of inter-layer coupling strength and pinning correlation on the magnetization curves of anisotropic superconductors. Columnar pins produce the largest critical current and are insensitive to layer interaction strength. Point pins are increasingly effective at pinning the vortices as the inter-layer interaction strength drops. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret & Appl Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Michigan, Ctr Theoret Phys, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Olson, CJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret & Appl Phys Div, T-12,MS B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Nori, Franco/B-1222-2009; OI Nori, Franco/0000-0003-3682-7432; Reichhardt, Cynthia/0000-0002-3487-5089 NR 68 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 363 IS 1 BP 67 EP 74 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(01)00611-6 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 484YR UT WOS:000171717900011 ER PT J AU Agamalian, M Iolin, E Kaiser, H Rehm, C Werner, SA AF Agamalian, M Iolin, E Kaiser, H Rehm, C Werner, SA TI Dynamical neutron-scattering measurements of residual stress in a Si crystal coated with a thin film SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION AB The residual stress in a thick Si(111) crystal coated with a 2000 Angstrom thick Ni film was measured at the double-crystal diffractometer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The observed asymmetry of the back-face rocking curves and appearance of the garland reflections are related to the ultrasmall deformation strain induced by the Ni film. Relative deformation of the Si crystallographic cells in the vicinity of diffractive surfaces is \ partial derivativeu(z)/partial derivativez \ approximate to1.6.10(-6). The radius of bending is similar to 19 km and the corresponding tension force applied to the Ni film is 90 +/-5 N/m. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Agamalian, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 16 AR 161402 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 487GX UT WOS:000171866400018 ER PT J AU Chang, EK Blase, X Louie, SG AF Chang, EK Blase, X Louie, SG TI Quasiparticle band structure of lanthanum hydride SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-SEMICONDUCTOR TRANSITIONS; SWITCHABLE OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; INSULATORS; ENERGIES; YTTRIUM; STATE; FILMS; GAPS; NIO AB We address the problem of the ground-state character of LaH3, a semiconductor compound predicted to be semimetallic within density-functional theory. An ab initio, quasiparticle calculation is peformed whose. results indicate a very large 1.1 eV opening of the band gap. Such results are obtained using the GW approximation in the calculation of the self-energy operator. The results are compared to existing experimental data. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Lyon 1, Dept Phys Mat, UMR 5586, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. RP Chang, EK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 15 AR 155108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.155108 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 484MR UT WOS:000171694600032 ER PT J AU Dickerson, JH Mendez, EE Allerman, AA Manotas, S Agullo-Rueda, F Pecharroman, C AF Dickerson, JH Mendez, EE Allerman, AA Manotas, S Agullo-Rueda, F Pecharroman, C TI Enhancement of Rabi splitting in a microcavity with an embedded superlattice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR MICROCAVITY; POLARITON PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; STIMULATION AB We have observed a large coupling between the excitonic and photonic modes of an AlAs/AlGaAs microcavity filled with an 84 Angstrom /20 Angstrom GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice. Reflectivity measurements on the coupled cavity-superlattice system in the presence of a moderate electric field yielded Rabi splittings of 8.5 meV at T =293 K and 9.5 meV at T=238 K. This splitting is almost 50% larger than that found in comparable microcavities with quantum wells placed at the antinodes only. We explain the enhancement by the larger density of optical absorbers in the superlattice, combined with the quasi-two-dimensional binding energy gy of field-localized excitons. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. RP Dickerson, JH (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RI Pecharroman, Carlos/B-1883-2010; Dickerson, James/F-7950-2013; Agullo-Rueda, Fernando/A-8889-2008 OI Pecharroman, Carlos/0000-0002-5431-1002; Dickerson, James/0000-0001-9636-6303; Agullo-Rueda, Fernando/0000-0001-9211-1987 NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 15 AR 155302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.155302 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 484MR UT WOS:000171694600046 ER PT J AU Hupalo, M Yeh, V Berbil-Bautista, L Kremmer, S Abram, E Tringides, MC AF Hupalo, M Yeh, V Berbil-Bautista, L Kremmer, S Abram, E Tringides, MC TI Uniform-height island growth of Pb on Si(111)-Pb(root 3x root 3) at low temperatures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HELIUM-ATOM SCATTERING; THIN METAL-FILMS; BY-LAYER GROWTH; SI(111) SURFACES; QUANTUM; PB/SI(111); INTERFACE; AG AB We have studied the growth of Pb on Si(111)-Pb(root 3x root3) at low temperatures, T<250K, and for coverages up to < 20 ML. The study is carried out with the complementary techniques of high-resolution low-energy electron diffraction and variable-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. Uniform-height Pb islands, of flat tops and steep edges, are observed on this phase [similar to the uniform island growth observed on the Si(111)-(7x7)]. The origin of this unusual growth is quantum size effects (i.e., the dependence of the electron energy on the island thickness because of the quantization of the electron energy levels in the island). The preferred island height is five steps on the 3x root3 and seven steps on the (7x7) (for the same growth conditions T, theta) because of the different electronic structure at the two interfaces. Since different types of phases [i.e., (1 x 1), alpha-root 3x root3, which differ in the Ph stoichiometry] can form from the initial - root 3x root3 phase, with increasing coverage, the growth on these phases can be also used to study island-height selection. Laterally larger uniform-height islands are observed on the (1 x 1) at lower temperatures, T< 170 K; growth on the -root 3x root3 at higher temperatures, T> 195 K, shows an open film with preference of the islands to grow to larger heights with uncovered regions of the alpha-root 3x root3 phase between the islands, even after deposition of 20 ML of Pb. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Mt Univ Leoben, Dept Phys, Leoben, Austria. RP Tringides, MC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tringides@ameslab.gov NR 27 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 15 AR 155307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.155307 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 484MR UT WOS:000171694600051 ER PT J AU Klepeis, JE Beckstein, O Pankratov, O Hart, GLW AF Klepeis, JE Beckstein, O Pankratov, O Hart, GLW TI Chemical bonding, elasticity, and valence force field models: A case study for alpha-Pt2Si and PtSi SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METALS; STATE AB We have carried out a detailed study of the chemical bonding for two room-temperature stable platinum silicide phases, tetragonal alpha -Pt2Si and orthorhombic PtSi. An analysis of the valence electronic charge density reveals surprising evidence of covalent three-center bonds in both silicide phases, as well as two-dimensional metallic sheets in alpha -Pt2Si. These elements of the bonding are further analyzed by constructing valence force field models using the results from recent first principles calculations of the six (nine) independent, nonzero elastic constants of alpha -Pt2Si (PtSi). The resulting volume-, radial-, and angular-dependent force constants provide insight into the relative strength of various bonding elements as well as the trends observed in the elastic constants themselves. The valence force field analysis yields quantitative information about the nature of the chemical bonding that is not easily discernible from the more qualitative charge density plots, More generally, this study demonstrates that the detailed variations in the elastic constants of a material contain useful information about the chemical bonds that can be extracted using valence force field models. Inversely, these models also allow for identification of specific elements of the chemical bonding with particular trends in the elastic constants, both within a given material and among a class of related materials. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Klepeis, JE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Beckstein, Oliver/A-3437-2008; Beckstein, Oliver/C-9095-2009; Pankratov, Oleg/C-5553-2013 OI Beckstein, Oliver/0000-0003-1340-0831; NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 15 AR 155110 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.155110 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 484MR UT WOS:000171694600034 ER PT J AU List, EJW Kim, CH Naik, AK Scherf, U Leising, G Graupner, W Shinar, J AF List, EJW Kim, CH Naik, AK Scherf, U Leising, G Graupner, W Shinar, J TI Interaction of singlet excitons with polarons in wide band-gap organic semiconductors: A quantitative study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LADDER-TYPE POLY(PARA-PHENYLENE); LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; FIELD-INDUCED CHARGE; CONJUGATED POLYMER; STIMULATED-EMISSION; LOWEST SINGLET; CARRIER PHOTOGENERATION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; TRIPLET EXCITONS; STATES AB The steady-state photoinduced absorption (PA), photoluminescence (PL), PL-detected magnetic resonance (PLDMR), and PA-detected magnetic resonance (PADMR) of poly- and oligo-(para-phenylenes) films is described. In particular, the excitation density (laser power) No dependence of the PA, PL, and PLDMR signals is analyzed by means of a rate equation model, which describes the dynamics of singlet excitons (SE's) and polarons in all three experiments quantitatively with the same set of parameters. The model is based on the observations that mobile SE's are quenched by trapped and free polarons and that the spin-1/2 magnetic resonance conditions reduce the total polaron population. Since the sublinear N-0 dependences of the positive (PL-enhancing) spin-1/2 PLDMR and the polaron PA band are essentially the same, we conclude that PLDMR is due to a reduced quenching of SE's by polarons. The agreement between the model, the current results, and results from other spectroscopic techniques provides strong evidence for this quenching mechanism. This also suggests that it is a very significant process in luminescent pi -conjugated materials and organic light-emitting devices. Consequently, the quenching mechanism needs to be taken into account, especially at high excitation densities, which is of great importance for the development of electrically pumped polymer laser diode structures. C1 Graz Tech Univ, Inst Festkorperphys, A-8010 Graz, Austria. Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Microelect Res Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, D-14476 Golm, Germany. Sci & Technol AT&S AG, A-8700 Leoben, Austria. Joanneum Res Inst, Inst Nanostructured Mat & Photon, A-8160 Weiz, Austria. Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. RP List, EJW (reprint author), Graz Tech Univ, Inst Festkorperphys, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria. EM e.list@tugraz.at RI naik, akshay/C-4108-2009; Scherf, Ullrich/G-1552-2012; List-Kratochvil, Emil/M-5312-2013 OI naik, akshay/0000-0001-6325-7231; NR 58 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 15 AR 155204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.155204 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 484MR UT WOS:000171694600042 ER PT J AU Liu, SR Zhai, HJ Wang, LS AF Liu, SR Zhai, HJ Wang, LS TI Electronic and structural evolution of Co-n clusters (n=1-108) by photoelectron spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL CLUSTERS; SMALL COBALT CLUSTERS; NICKEL CLUSTERS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; 3D BAND; SPECTRA; BULK; IRON; DIFFRACTION; DEPENDENCE AB Well-resolved photoelectron spectra are reported for Co-n(-) (n = 1 - 108) clusters. The data provide evidence for structural transitions and reveal in detail the molecular to bulk electronic evolution in Co clusters. Clusters with n<20 behave molecularlike with discrete transitions and dramatic size variations. Clusters with n20 behave bulklike with broad spectral features and smooth-size evolution. But discrete and well-resolved spectral features are observed around n = 55, evident of a highly symmetric Co-55 cluster. The molecularlike to bulklike transition is also shown in the electron affinities as a function of size, which obey the metallic-droplet model above Co-20 and extrapolate to the bulk workfunction. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ls.wang@pnl.gov NR 38 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 15 AR 153402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.153402 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 484MR UT WOS:000171694600017 ER PT J AU Madhavan, V Chen, W Jamneala, T Crommie, MF Wingreen, NS AF Madhavan, V Chen, W Jamneala, T Crommie, MF Wingreen, NS TI Local spectroscopy of a Kondo impurity: Co on Au(111) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; METAL-SURFACES; ANDERSON MODEL; RESONANCE; ATOMS; SCATTERING; MICROSCOPY; GOLD AB We present a detailed study of the local electronic properties of the Kondo system formed from cobalt adatoms deposited onto Au(111) at a temperature of 6.6 K. Cryogenic scanning-tunneling spectroscopy was used to observe impurity-induced resonances at the Fermi energy and at the Au(111) surface-state band edge. The line shape of the Fermi-energy resonance, identified as a Kondo resonance, is observed to vary with lateral position from the impurity center and with impurity binding position on the reconstructed Au(111) surface, Little vertical dependence is seen in the resonance line shape for positions above the center of the impurity. Interaction effects between Kondo impurities are observed to remain small as cobalt coverage is increased up to 1 ML on the gold surface. The Kondo resonance is shown theoretically to be a member of a general class of Fano resonances arising from the interaction of a discrete impurity state with a conduct ion-electron continuum. The asymmetric line shape of the resonance thus reflects quantum interference between the d orbital and continuum conduction electron channels, as well as their coupling to the STM tip. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NEC Res Inst, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 45 TC 120 Z9 121 U1 6 U2 51 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 16 AR 165412 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.165412 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 487GX UT WOS:000171866400073 ER PT J AU Myers, KE Wang, Q Dexheimer, SL AF Myers, KE Wang, Q Dexheimer, SL TI Ultrafast carrier dynamics in nanocrystalline silicon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MICROCRYSTALLINE SILICON; AMORPHOUS-SILICON; RECOMBINATION; REFLECTION AB We present studies of the ultrafast dynamics of photoexcited carriers in thin-film nanocrystalline silicon materials in which the degree of crystallinity has been systematically varied by controlling the deposition conditions. Femtosecond pump-probe measurements reveal a multicomponent response that can be understood in terms of the separate phases of the heterogeneous material. We observe a 240-fs exponential relaxation process associated with intraband carrier relaxation in the silicon crystallites a response characteristic of bimolecular recombination in the amorphous silicon matrix, and a long-lived component assigned to grain-boundary states. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Myers, KE (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 14 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 16 AR 161309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.161309 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 487GX UT WOS:000171866400015 ER PT J AU O'Brien, JL Schofield, SR Simmons, MY Clark, RG Dzurak, AS Curson, NJ Kane, BE McAlpine, NS Hawley, ME Brown, GW AF O'Brien, JL Schofield, SR Simmons, MY Clark, RG Dzurak, AS Curson, NJ Kane, BE McAlpine, NS Hawley, ME Brown, GW TI Towards the fabrication of phosphorus qubits for a silicon quantum computer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; SI(001); SURFACE; SI(100); HYDROGEN; HETEROSTRUCTURES; DISSOCIATION; LITHOGRAPHY; DIFFUSION; BOND AB The quest to build a quantum computer has been inspired by the recognition of the formidable computational power such a device could offer. In particular silicon-based proposals, using the nuclear or electron spin of dopants as qubits, are attractive due to the long spin relaxation times involved, their scalability, and the ease of integration with existing silicon technology. Fabrication of such devices, however, requires atomic scale manipulation-an immense technological challenge. We demonstrate that it is possible to fabricate an atomically precise linear array of single phosphorus bearing molecules on a silicon surface with the required dimensions for the fabrication of a silicon-based quantum computer. We also discuss strategies for the encapsulation of these phosphorus atoms by subsequent silicon crystal growth. C1 Univ New S Wales, Ctr Quantum Comp Technol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Univ New S Wales, Sch Elect Engn & Telecommun, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Univ Maryland, Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP O'Brien, JL (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Ctr Quantum Comp Technol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM job@phys.unsw.edu.au RI Dzurak, Andrew/C-5973-2009; O'Brien, Jeremy/A-6290-2008; Simmons, Michelle/B-2755-2010; OI Simmons, Michelle/0000-0002-6422-5888; O'Brien, Jeremy/0000-0002-3576-8285 NR 29 TC 152 Z9 152 U1 3 U2 32 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 16 AR 161401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.161401 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 487GX UT WOS:000171866400017 ER PT J AU Raczkowski, D Fong, CY Schultz, PA Lippert, RA Stechel, EB AF Raczkowski, D Fong, CY Schultz, PA Lippert, RA Stechel, EB TI Unconstrained and constrained minimization, localization, and the Grassmann manifold: Theory and application to electronic structure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-MATRIX METHOD; NONORTHOGONAL BASIS; QUANTUM-MECHANICS; SPECIAL POINTS; SIC POLYTYPES; ENERGY; SIZE; ORBITALS; INTEGRATION; ALGORITHM AB An unconstrained minimization algorithm for electronic structure calculations using density functional for systems with a gap is developed to solve for nonorthogonal Wannier-like orbitals in the spirit of E. B. Stechel, A. R. Williams, and P. J. Feibelman [Phys. Rev. B 49, 10 008 (1994)]. The search for the occupied subspace is a Grassmann conjugate gradient algorithm generalized from the algorithm of A, Edelman, T. A. Arias, and S. T. Smith [SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 20, 303 (1998)]. The gradient takes into account the nonorthogonality of a local atom-centered basis, Gaussian in our implementation. With a localization constraint on the Wannier-like orbitals, well-constructed sparse matrix multiplies lead to O(N) scaling of the computationally intensive parts of the algorithm. Using silicon carbide as a test system, the accuracy, convergence, and implementation of this algorithm as a quantitative alternative to diagonalization are investigated. Results up to 1458 atoms on a single processor are presented. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Ford Motor Co, SRL MD 3083, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. RP Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Stechel, Ellen/B-1253-2012 NR 54 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 15 AR 155203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.155203 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 484MR UT WOS:000171694600041 ER PT J AU Regelman, DV Dekel, E Gershoni, D Ehrenfreund, E Williamson, AJ Shumway, J Zunger, A Schoenfeld, WV Petroff, PM AF Regelman, DV Dekel, E Gershoni, D Ehrenfreund, E Williamson, AJ Shumway, J Zunger, A Schoenfeld, WV Petroff, PM TI Optical spectroscopy of single quantum dots at tunable positive, neutral, and negative charge states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ARTIFICIAL ATOMS; ELECTRONIC STATES; EXCITONS; INAS; NANOCRYSTAL; ENERGIES; WELLS AB We report on the observation of photoluminescence from positive, neutral, and negative charge states of single semiconductor quantum dots. For this purpose we designed a structure enabling optical injection of a controlled unequal number of negative electrons and positive holes into an isolated InGaAs quantum dot embedded in a GaAs matrix. Thereby, we optically produced the charge states -3, -2, - 1, 0, +1, and +2. The injected carriers form confined collective "artificial atoms and molecules" states in the quantum dot. We resolve spectrally and temporally the photoluminescence from an optically excited quantum dot and use it to identify collective states, which contain charge of one type, coupled to few charges of the other type. These states can be viewed as the artificial analog of charged atoms such as H-, H-2, H-3 and charged molecules such as H-2(+) and H-3(+2). Unlike higher dimensionality systems, where negative or positive charging always results in reduction of the emission energy due to electron-hole pair recombination, in our dots, negative charging reduces the emission energy, relative to the charge-neutral case, while positive charging increases it. Pseudopotential model calculations reveal that the enhanced spatial localization of the hole wave function, relative to that of the electron in these dots, is the reason for this effect. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Inst Solid State, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RI Ehrenfreund, Eitan/B-6680-2008; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; OI Gershoni, David/0000-0002-3039-9919 NR 33 TC 97 Z9 99 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 16 AR 165301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.165301 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 487GX UT WOS:000171866400044 ER PT J AU Schonenberger, C Bachtold, A AF Schonenberger, C Bachtold, A TI Comment on "Magnetoresistance and differential conductance in mutliwalled carbon nanotubes" SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRANSPORT AB Jeong-0 Lee et al. [Phys. Rev. B 61, R16 362 (2000)] reported magnetoresistance and differential conductance measurements of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The observed aperiodic conductance fluctuations and the negative magnetoresistance was interpreted to originate exclusively from changes in the density of states at the Fermi energy. We show that this interpretation is questionable and not supported by their measurements. C1 Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schonenberger, C (reprint author), Univ Basel, Inst Phys, Klingelbergstr 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. RI Bachtold, Adrian/C-1389-2014 OI Bachtold, Adrian/0000-0002-6145-2479 NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 15 AR 157401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.157401 PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 484MR UT WOS:000171694600079 ER PT J AU Smith, NV AF Smith, NV TI Classical generalization of the Drude formula for the optical conductivity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LIQUID MERCURY; QUASI-CRYSTALS; RELAXATION; AMALGAMS; METALS; INDIUM AB A simple classical generalization of the Drude formula is derived based on the impulse response approach and Poisson statistics. The new feature is a parameter c, which is a measure of persistence of velocity. With negative values of c, it is possible to mimic the infrared properties of poor metals that display a minimum in the optical conductivity at zero frequency. The electron current in these cases reverses direction before decaying to zero. Specific examples considered are Hg and its amalgams, liquid Te, and the quasicrystal Al63.5Cu24.5Fe12. Discussion is offered on the connection with interband transitions, on the distinction between the electron lifetime and the transport relaxation time, and on other generalizations of the Drude formula. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Smith, NV (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, Postfach 1913, D-52425 Julich, Germany. NR 33 TC 229 Z9 231 U1 2 U2 40 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 15 AR 155106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.155106 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 484MR UT WOS:000171694600030 ER PT J AU Wang, YJ Leem, YA McCombe, BD Wu, XG Peeters, FM Jones, ED Reno, JR Lee, XY Jiang, HW AF Wang, YJ Leem, YA McCombe, BD Wu, XG Peeters, FM Jones, ED Reno, JR Lee, XY Jiang, HW TI Strong three-level resonant magnetopolaron effect due to the intersubband coupling in heavily modulation-doped GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs single quantum wells at high magnetic-fields SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID POLARON-CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE; GAAS-ALAS SUPERLATTICES; PHONON MODES; HETEROSTRUCTURES AB Electron cyclotron resonance CR) measurements have been carried out in magnetic fields up to 32 T to study electron-phonon interaction in two heavily modulation-delta -doped GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As single-quantum-well samples. No measurable resonant magnetopolaron effects were observed in either sample in the region of the GaAs longitudinal optical (LO) phonons. However, when the CR frequency is above LO phonon frequency, omega (LO)=E-LO/(h) over bar, at high magnetic fields (B>27 T), electron CR exhibits a strong avoided-level-crossing splitting for both samples at frequencies close to (omega (LO)+ (E-2-E-1)1 (h) over bar, where E-2, and E-1 are the energies of the bottoms of the second and the first subbands, respectively. The energy separation between the two branches is large with the minimum separation of 40 cm(-1) occurring at around 30.5 T. A detailed theoretical analysis, which includes a self-consistent calculation of the band structure and the effects of electron-phonon interaction on the CR, shows that this type of splitting is due to a three-level resonance between the second Landau level of the first electron subband and the lowest Landau level of the second subband plus one GaAs LO phonon. The absence of occupation effects in the final states and weak screening or this three-level process yields large energy separation even in the presence of high electron densities. Excellent agreement between the theory and the experimental results is obtained. C1 Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Semicond, Natl Lab Superlattices & Microstruct, Beijing 10083, Peoples R China. Univ Instelling Antwerp, Dept Phys, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Wang, YJ (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RI CMT, UAntwerpen Group/A-5523-2016 NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 16 AR 161303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.161303 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 487GX UT WOS:000171866400009 ER PT J AU Adams, A Silverstein, E AF Adams, A Silverstein, E TI Closed string tachyons, AdS/CFT, and large N QCD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NONSUPERSYMMETRIC GAUGE-THEORIES; CONFORMAL FIELD-THEORIES; 4 DIMENSIONS; D-BRANES; RG FLOW; DUALITY; CFT; SUPERGRAVITY; ORIENTIFOLDS; ORBIFOLD AB We find that tachyonic orbifold examples of AdS/CFT have corresponding instabilities at small radius, and can decay to more generic gauge theories. We do this by computing a destabilizing Coleman-Weinberg effective potential for twisted operators of the corresponding quiver gauge theories, generalizing calculations of Tseytlin and Zarembo, and interpreting them in terms of the large-N behavior of twisted-sector modes. The dynamically generated potential involves double-trace operators, which affect large-N correlators involving twisted fields but not those involving only untwisted fields, in line with large-N inheritance arguments. We point out a simple reason that no such small radius instability exists in gauge theories arising from freely acting orbifolds, which are tachyon free at large radius. When an instability is present, twisted gauge theory operators with the quantum numbers of the large-radius tachyons aquire vacuum expectation values, leaving a gauge theory with fewer degrees of freedom in the infrared, analogous to but less extreme than "decays to nothing" studied in other systems with broken supersymmetry. In some cases one is left with pure glue QCD plus decoupled matter and U(1) factors in the infrared, which we thus conjecture is described by the corresponding (possibly strongly coupled) end point of tachyon condensation in the M or string-theory dual. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM allan@slac.stanford.edu; evas@slac.stanford.edu NR 57 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 8 AR 086001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.086001 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 483UR UT WOS:000171654700075 ER PT J AU Albuquerque, IFM Hui, L Kolb, EW AF Albuquerque, IFM Hui, L Kolb, EW TI High energy neutrinos from superheavy dark matter annihilation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID INTERACTING MASSIVE PARTICLES; COSMIC-RAYS; RELIC PARTICLES; NEUTRON-STARS; INFLATION; UNIVERSE; BREAKING; LIMITS; WINDOW; EARTH AB Superheavy (M> 10(10)) GeV) particles produced during inflation may be the dark matter. independent of their interaction strength. Strongly interacting superheavy particles will be captured by the Sun. and their annihilation in the center of the Sun will produce a flux of energetic neutrinos that should be detectable by neutrino telescopes, Depending on the particle mass, event rates in a cubic-kilometer detector range from several per hour to several per year. The signature of the process is a predominance of tau neutrinos. with a relatively flat energy spectrum of events ranging from 50 GeV to many TeV, and with the mean energy of detected tau neutrinos about 3 TeV. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Princeton Univ Sch Nat Sci, Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ifreire@fnal.gov; lhui@ias.edu; rocky@fnal.gov RI Albuquerque, Ivone/H-4645-2012 OI Albuquerque, Ivone/0000-0001-7328-0136 NR 33 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 8 AR 083504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.083504 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 483UR UT WOS:000171654700017 ER PT J AU Bjorken, JD AF Bjorken, JD TI Standard model parameters and the cosmological constant SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB Simple functional relations among standard model couplings, including gravitational, are conjectured. Possible implications for cosmology and future theory are discussed. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Bjorken, JD (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 8 AR 085008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.085008 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 483UR UT WOS:000171654700065 ER PT J AU Stiff, D Widrow, LM Frieman, J AF Stiff, D Widrow, LM Frieman, J TI Signatures of hierarchical clustering in dark matter detection experiments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GALACTIC HALO; MILKY-WAY; SECONDARY INFALL; GALAXY FORMATION; MERGING HISTORY; MODELS; UNIVERSE; MASS; SENSITIVITY; ACCRETION AB In the cold dark matter model of structure formation, galaxies are assembled hierarchically from mergers and the accretion of subclumps. This process is expected to leave residual substructure in the galactic dark halo, including partially disrupted clumps and their associated tidal debris. We develop a model for such halo substructure and study its implications for dark matter (WIMP and axion) detection experiments. We combine the Press-Schechter model for the distribution of halo subclump masses with N-body simulations of the evolution and disruption of individual clumps as they orbit through the evolving Galaxy to derive the probability that the Earth is passing through a subclump or stream of a given density. Our results suggest that it is likely that the local complement of dark matter particles includes a 1-5 % contribution from a single clump. The implications for dark matter detection experiments are significant, since the disrupted clump is composed of a "cold" flow of high-velocity particles. We describe the distinctive features due to halo clumps that would be seen in the energy and angular spectra of detection experiments. The annual modulation of these features would have a different signature and phase from that for a smooth halo and. in principle. would allow one to discern the direction of motion of the clump relative to the galactic center. C1 Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Stiff, D (reprint author), Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. NR 65 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 8 AR 083516 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.083516 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 483UR UT WOS:000171654700029 ER PT J AU Collins, GW Celliers, PM Da Silva, LB Cauble, R Gold, DM Foord, ME Holmes, NC Hammel, BA Wallace, RJ Ng, A AF Collins, GW Celliers, PM Da Silva, LB Cauble, R Gold, DM Foord, ME Holmes, NC Hammel, BA Wallace, RJ Ng, A TI Temperature measurements of shock compressed liquid deuterium up to 230 GPa SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; LOW-MASS STARS; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; STATE MEASUREMENTS; DENSE HYDROGEN; GIANT PLANETS; EQUATION; FLUID; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSITION AB Pyrometric measurements of single-shock-compressed liquid deuterium reveal that shock front temperatures T increase from 0.47 to 4.4 eV as the pressure P increases from 31 to 230 GPa. Where deuterium becomes both conducting and highly compressible, 30 less than or equal to P less than or equal to 50 GPa, T is lower than most models predict and T << T-Fermi, proving that deuterium is a degenerate Fermi-liquid metal. At P > 50 Gpa, where the optical reflectivity is saturated, there is an increase in the rate that T increases with P. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Collins, GW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 36 TC 65 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 16 BP art. no. EP 165504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.165504 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 483LP UT WOS:000171637100024 PM 11690211 ER PT J AU Granath, M Oganesyan, V Kivelson, SA Fradkin, E Emery, VJ AF Granath, M Oganesyan, V Kivelson, SA Fradkin, E Emery, VJ TI Nodal quasiparticles in stripe ordered superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; STATE; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; DENSITY AB We study the properties of a quasi-one-dimensional superconductor which consists of an alternating array of two inequivalent chains. This model is a simple caricature of a striped high temperature superconductor, and is more generally a theoretically controllable system in which the superconducting state emerges from a non-Fermi-liquid normal state. Even in this lit-nit, "d-wave-like" order parameter symmetry is natural, but the superconducting state can either have a complete gap in the quasiparticle spectrum, or gapless "nodal" quasiparticles. We also find circumstances in which antiferromagnetic order (typically incommensurate) coexists with superconductivity. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Granath, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Fradkin, Eduardo/B-5612-2013; OI Emery, Vincent/0000-0001-5893-9756 NR 21 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 16 BP art. no. EP 167011 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.167011 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 483LP UT WOS:000171637100048 PM 11690235 ER PT J AU Link, JM Reyes, M Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Magnin, J Massafferi, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM dos Reis, AC Simao, FRA Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Uribe, C Vazquez, F Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Ramirez, JE Vaandering, EW Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Sarwar, S Zallo, A Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Park, H Alimonti, G Boschini, M Caccianiga, B D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Giammarchi, M Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Milazzo, L Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, A Sala, S Davenport, TF Agostino, L Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Merlo, M Pantea, D Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Segoni, I Viola, L Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Mendez, H Mendez, I Mirles, A Montiel, E Olaya, D Paris, A Quinones, J Rivera, C Xiong, W Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Cho, K Handler, T Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Stenson, K Webster, M Sheaff, M AF Link, JM Reyes, M Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Magnin, J Massafferi, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM dos Reis, AC Simao, FRA Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Uribe, C Vazquez, F Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Ramirez, JE Vaandering, EW Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Sarwar, S Zallo, A Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Park, H Alimonti, G Boschini, M Caccianiga, B D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Giammarchi, M Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Milazzo, L Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, A Sala, S Davenport, TF Agostino, L Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Merlo, M Pantea, D Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Segoni, I Viola, L Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Mendez, H Mendez, I Mirles, A Montiel, E Olaya, D Paris, A Quinones, J Rivera, C Xiong, W Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Cho, K Handler, T Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Stenson, K Webster, M Sheaff, M CA FOCUS Collaboration TI Measurement of the branching ratios of D+ and D-s(+) hadronic decays to four-body final states containing a K-S SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DS+ AB We have studied hadronic four-body decays of D+ and D-s(+) mesons with a Ks in the final state using data recorded during the 1996-1997 fixed-target run of the Fermilab high energy photoproduction experiment FOCUS. We report a new branching ratio measurement of Gamma (D+ --> K(S)K(-)pi (+)pi (+))GammaF(D+ K(S)pi (+) pi (+) pi (-)) = 0.0768 +/- 0.0041 +/- 0.0032. We make the first observation of three new decay modes with branching ratios Gamma (D+ --> KSK+ pi (+) pi (-))/Gamma (D+ --> K(S)pi (+) pi (+) pi (-)) = 0.0562 +/- 0.0039 +/- 0.0040, Gamma (D+ --> KSK+K- pi (+))/Gamma (D+ --> K(S)pi (+) pi (+) pi (-)) 0.0077 +/- 0.0015 +/- 0.0009, and Gamma (D-s(+) --> KSK+ pi (+) pi (-))/Gamma (D-s(+) --> KSK- pi (+) pi (+)) 0.586 +/- 0.052 +/- 0.043, where in each case the first error is statistical and the second error is systematic. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. Univ N Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Link, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Bonomi, Germano/G-4236-2010; Kwak, Jungwon/K-8338-2012; Anjos, Joao/C-8335-2013; Link, Jonathan/L-2560-2013; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /H-4721-2016; Gianini, Gabriele/M-5195-2014 OI Bonomi, Germano/0000-0003-1618-9648; Link, Jonathan/0000-0002-1514-0650; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /0000-0003-0523-495X; Gianini, Gabriele/0000-0001-5186-0199 NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 16 BP art. no. EP 162001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 483LP UT WOS:000171637100013 PM 11690200 ER PT J AU Rashkeev, SN Fleetwood, DM Schrimpf, RD Pantelides, ST AF Rashkeev, SN Fleetwood, DM Schrimpf, RD Pantelides, ST TI Defect generation by hydrogen at the Si-SiO2 interface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ATOMIC DYNAMICS; SILICON; OXIDE; OXIDATION; SIO2; PASSIVATION; ENERGETICS; TRANSPORT; KINETICS AB Hydrogen is known to passivate Si dangling bonds at the Si-SiO2 interface, but the subsequent arrival of H+ at the interface causes depassivation of Si-H bonds. Here we report first-principles density functional calculations, showing that, contrary to conventional assumptions, depassivation is not a two-step process, namely, neutralization of H+ by a Si electron and subsequent formation of an H-2 molecule. Instead, we establish that H+ is the only stable charge state at the interface and that H+ reacts directly with Si-H, forming an H-2 molecule and a positively charged dangling bond (P-b center). As a result, H-induced interface-trap formation does not depend on the availability of Si electrons. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rashkeev, SN (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 NR 32 TC 85 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 16 BP art. no. EP 165506 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.165506 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 483LP UT WOS:000171637100026 PM 11690213 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, JA Kelchner, CL Klein, PA Hamilton, JC Foiles, SM AF Zimmerman, JA Kelchner, CL Klein, PA Hamilton, JC Foiles, SM TI Surface step effects on nanoindentation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DISLOCATION NUCLEATION; CRACK-TIP; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FCC METALS; TEMPERATURE; ACTIVATION; ENERGIES AB Atomistic simulation is used to examine nanoindentation of a Au(111) crystal both near and far from a surface step. While the load needed to nucleate dislocations decreases significantly when indenting close to the step, the extent of the step's influence is not as great as seen experimentally. This behavior is explained by measuring the contact area from the simulation data. A new metric, the slip vector, shows material slip coinciding with the (112) directions of a lowest unstable stacking fault barrier. The slip vector is used to calculate an atomic critical resolved shear stress, which is shown to be a good dislocation nucleation criterion. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Zimmerman, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 9161,POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Zimmerman, Jonathan/A-8019-2012 NR 26 TC 304 Z9 308 U1 6 U2 85 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 16 BP art. no. EP 165507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.165507 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 483LP UT WOS:000171637100027 PM 11690214 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Palano, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Reinertsen, PL Stugu, B Abbott, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Clark, AR Fan, Q Gill, MS Gritsan, A Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kluth, S Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Liu, T Lynch, G Meyer, AB Momayezi, M Oddone, PJ Perazzo, A Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Bright-Thomas, PG Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Kirk, A Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Krug, J Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Andress, JC Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN De Groot, N Dyce, N Foster, B Mass, A McFall, JD Wallom, D Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Camanzi, B Jolly, S McKemey, AK Tinslay, J Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Dubrovin, MS Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Salnikov, AA Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Best, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Ahsan, A Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S Branson, JG MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Richman, JD Verkerke, W Witherell, M Yellin, S Beringer, J Dorfan, DE Eisner, AM Frey, A Grillo, AA Grothe, M Heusch, CA Johnson, RP Kroeger, W Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Sadrozinski, H Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Bloom, P Dima, MO Fahey, S Ford, WT Gaede, F Johnson, DR Michael, AK Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Sen, S Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Wagner, DL Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dahlinger, G Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Behr, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S Roussot, E T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Folegani, M Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Fabbricatore, P Farinon, S Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Musenich, R Pallavicini, M Parodi, R Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Priano, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Morii, M Bartoldus, R Dignan, T Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Benkebil, M Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Valassi, A Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Fackler, O Fujino, D Lange, DJ Mugge, M Shi, X van Bibber, K Wenaus, TJ Wright, DM Wuest, CR Carroll, M Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Martin, R Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Back, JJ Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Williams, MI Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Scott, I Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, AC Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Simopoulos, ET Weatherall, JH Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Lin, CS Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Wittlin, J Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Britton, DI Milek, M Patel, PM Trischuk, J Lanni, F Palombo, F Bauer, JM Booke, M Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Martin, JP Nief, JY Seitz, R Taras, P Zacek, V Nicholson, H Sutton, CS Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Handler, T Brau, J Frey, R Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Le Diberder, F Leruste, P Lory, J Roos, L Stark, J Versille, S Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, JH Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Bula, C Elmer, P Lu, C McDonald, KT Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Fratini, K Lamanna, E Leonardi, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R De Domenico, G Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Copty, N Purohit, MV Singh, H Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Anthony, PL Aston, D Baird, K Bloom, E Boyarski, AM Bulos, F Calderini, G Claus, R Convery, MR Coupal, DP Coward, DH Dorfan, J Doser, M Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Godfrey, GL Gowdy, SJ Grosso, P Himel, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Manzin, G Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Moffeit, KC Mount, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Rochester, LS Roodman, A Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Serbo, VV Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stahl, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Talby, M Tanaka, HA Trunov, A Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Kirkby, D Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Hart, E Weidemann, AW Benninger, T Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Turcotte, M Bianchi, F Bona, M Di Girolamo, B Gamba, D Smol, A Zanin, D Lanceri, L Pompili, A Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM De Silva, A Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Di Lodovico, F Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Nielsen, J Orejudos, W Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Zobernig, H Kordich, TMB Neal, H AF Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Palano, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Reinertsen, PL Stugu, B Abbott, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Clark, AR Fan, Q Gill, MS Gritsan, A Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kluth, S Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Liu, T Lynch, G Meyer, AB Momayezi, M Oddone, PJ Perazzo, A Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Bright-Thomas, PG Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Kirk, A Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Krug, J Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Andress, JC Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN De Groot, N Dyce, N Foster, B Mass, A McFall, JD Wallom, D Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Camanzi, B Jolly, S McKemey, AK Tinslay, J Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Dubrovin, MS Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Salnikov, AA Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Best, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Ahsan, A Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S Branson, JG MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Richman, JD Verkerke, W Witherell, M Yellin, S Beringer, J Dorfan, DE Eisner, AM Frey, A Grillo, AA Grothe, M Heusch, CA Johnson, RP Kroeger, W Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Sadrozinski, H Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Bloom, P Dima, MO Fahey, S Ford, WT Gaede, F Johnson, DR Michael, AK Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Sen, S Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Wagner, DL Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dahlinger, G Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Behr, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S Roussot, E T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Falbo, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Folegani, M Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Fabbricatore, P Farinon, S Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Musenich, R Pallavicini, M Parodi, R Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Priano, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Morii, M Bartoldus, R Dignan, T Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Benkebil, M Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Valassi, A Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Fackler, O Fujino, D Lange, DJ Mugge, M Shi, X van Bibber, K Wenaus, TJ Wright, DM Wuest, CR Carroll, M Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Martin, R Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Back, JJ Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Williams, MI Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Scott, I Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, AC Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Simopoulos, ET Weatherall, JH Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Lin, CS Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Wittlin, J Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Britton, DI Milek, M Patel, PM Trischuk, J Lanni, F Palombo, F Bauer, JM Booke, M Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Martin, JP Nief, JY Seitz, R Taras, P Zacek, V Nicholson, H Sutton, CS Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Handler, T Brau, J Frey, R Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Le Diberder, F Leruste, P Lory, J Roos, L Stark, J Versille, S Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, JH Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Bula, C Elmer, P Lu, C McDonald, KT Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Fratini, K Lamanna, E Leonardi, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R De Domenico, G Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Copty, N Purohit, MV Singh, H Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Anthony, PL Aston, D Baird, K Bloom, E Boyarski, AM Bulos, F Calderini, G Claus, R Convery, MR Coupal, DP Coward, DH Dorfan, J Doser, M Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Godfrey, GL Gowdy, SJ Grosso, P Himel, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Manzin, G Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Moffeit, KC Mount, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Perl, M Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Rochester, LS Roodman, A Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Serbo, VV Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stahl, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Talby, M Tanaka, HA Trunov, A Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Kirkby, D Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Hart, E Weidemann, AW Benninger, T Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Turcotte, M Bianchi, F Bona, M Di Girolamo, B Gamba, D Smol, A Zanin, D Lanceri, L Pompili, A Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM De Silva, A Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Di Lodovico, F Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Nielsen, J Orejudos, W Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Zobernig, H Kordich, TMB Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of J/psi production in continuum e(+)e(-) annihilations near root s=10.6 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; CHARMONIUM PRODUCTION; FERMILAB-TEVATRON; PROMPT J/PSI; TEV; PHOTOPRODUCTION; POLARIZATION; COLLIDERS; MESONS AB The production of J/psi mesons in continuum e(+)e(-) annihilations has been studied with the BABAR detector at energies near the Y(4S) resonance. The mesons are distinguished from J/psi production in B decays through their center-of-mass momentum and energy. We measure the cross section e(+)e(-) --> J/psiX to be 2.52 +/- 0.21 +/- 0.21 pb. We set a 90% C.L. upper limit on the branching fraction for direct Y(4S) --> J/psiX decays at 4.7 x 10(-4). C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Elon Univ, Elonege, NC 27244 USA. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. RP Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Frank, Edward/A-8865-2012; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; Britton, David/F-2602-2010; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Valassi, Andrea/K-7506-2012; Telnov, Valery/C-6900-2009; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lamanna, Ernesto/C-7658-2012; Pallavicini, Marco/G-5500-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015 OI Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; Britton, David/0000-0001-9998-4342; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Valassi, Andrea/0000-0001-9322-9565; Telnov, Valery/0000-0002-8312-8119; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lamanna, Ernesto/0000-0002-7844-8230; Pallavicini, Marco/0000-0001-7309-3023; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288 NR 21 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 16 AR 162002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.162002 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 483LP UT WOS:000171637100014 PM 11690201 ER PT J AU Bachtold, A de Jonge, M Grove-Rasmussen, K McEuen, PL Buitelaar, M Schonenberger, C AF Bachtold, A de Jonge, M Grove-Rasmussen, K McEuen, PL Buitelaar, M Schonenberger, C TI Suppression of tunneling into multiwall carbon nanotubes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LUTTINGER-LIQUID BEHAVIOR; ELECTRICAL-TRANSPORT; MANIPULATION; JUNCTIONS; TRANSISTOR; STATES AB We have studied tunneling of electrons into multiwall carbon nanotubes (NTs) in NT-gold and NT-NT junctions, the latter created by atomic force microscope manipulation. The tunneling conductance goes to zero as the energy (temperature and bias) is reduced, and the functional form is consistent with a power law. The exponents depend upon sample geometry. The relationship between these results and theories for tunneling into ballistic and disordered metals is discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Bachtold, Adrian/C-1389-2014; Buitelaar, Mark/D-7016-2016; Grove-Rasmussen, Kasper/P-6231-2015 OI Bachtold, Adrian/0000-0002-6145-2479; Buitelaar, Mark/0000-0002-2119-8891; Grove-Rasmussen, Kasper/0000-0003-2340-2048 NR 32 TC 143 Z9 144 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 16 AR 166801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.166801 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 483LP UT WOS:000171637100036 PM 11690223 ER PT J AU Millis, AJ Morr, DK Schmalian, J AF Millis, AJ Morr, DK Schmalian, J TI Local defect in metallic quantum critical systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERMI-LIQUID BEHAVIOR; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; STRUCTURAL PHASE; NI SUBSTITUTION; O-17 NMR; DYNAMICS; DISORDER; ALLOYS; PARTICLES; MAGNETISM AB We present a theory of a single point, line, or plane defect coupling to the square of the order parameter in a metallic system near a quantum critical point at or above its upper critical dimension. At criticality, a spin droplet is nucleated around the defect with its core size determined by the strength of the defect potential. Outside the core a universal slowly decaying tail of the droplet is found, leading to many dissipative channels coupling to the droplet and to a complete suppression of quantum tunneling. We propose an NMR experiment to measure the impurity-induced changes in the local spin susceptibility. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Mat Theory, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Mat Theory, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RI Schmalian, Joerg/H-2313-2011 NR 34 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 16 AR 167202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.167202 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 483LP UT WOS:000171637100050 PM 11690237 ER PT J AU Muller, S Zunger, A AF Muller, S Zunger, A TI First-principles predictions of yet-unobserved ordered structures in the Ag-Pd phase diagram SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SHORT-RANGE ORDER; ALLOYS; STABILITY; STATES; AU AB The complexity of first-principles total energy calculations limits the pool of structure types considered for a ground-state search for a binary alloy system to a rather small, O(10), group of "usual suspects." We conducted an unbiased search of fcc-based Ag1-xPdx, structures consisting of up to many thousand atoms by using a mixed-space cluster expansion. We find an unsuspected ground state at 50%-50% composition-the L1(1) structure, currently known in binary metallurgy only for the Cu0.05Pt0.5 alloy system. We also provide predicted short-range-order profiles and mixing enthalpies for the high temperature, disordered alloy. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Lehrstuhl Festkorperphys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM s.mueller@fkp.physik.uni-erlangen.de RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 28 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 16 AR 165502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.165502 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 483LP UT WOS:000171637100022 PM 11690209 ER PT J AU Zhang, SB McMahon, WE Olson, JM Wei, SH AF Zhang, SB McMahon, WE Olson, JM Wei, SH TI Steps on As-terminated Ge(001) revisited: Theory versus experiment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-RESOLUTION; SURFACES; SI(100); PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; ADSORPTION; FORMALISM; GAAS(001); EPITAXY; ENERGY; LAYER AB We examine the double-layer B-type steps on As-terminated vicinal Ge(001) surfaces. The currently accepted structure is a chemically inert bulklike structure without any gap state, and with all the chemical bonds of the Ge and As atoms being satisfied. However, we show that the need for optimizing the p(3) pyramidal angles of the threefold coordinated As atoms drives unusual atomic rearrangement. This leads to a more stable reconstruction involving odd-membered (5-7-5) rings at the step edge. Comparison between theoretical and experimental scanning tunneling microscopy images yields excellent agreement. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 16 AR 166104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.166104 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 483LP UT WOS:000171637100032 PM 11690219 ER PT J AU Sharapov, SE Testa, D Alper, B Borba, DN Fasoli, A Hawkes, NC Heeter, RF Mantsinen, M Von Hellermann, MG AF Sharapov, SE Testa, D Alper, B Borba, DN Fasoli, A Hawkes, NC Heeter, RF Mantsinen, M Von Hellermann, MG CA EFDA-JET work-programme TI MHD spectroscopy through detecting toroidal Alfven eigenmodes and Alfven wave cascades SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID TOKAMAKS; EXCITATION; SPECTRUM; IDEAL AB Toroidal Alfven eigenmodes and a new class of modes, the Alfven cascades, excited by energetic ions are observed in the JET tokamak. Measurements of these Alfven instabilities are used to solve the inverse problem of identifying the plasma parameters using the dependence of the Alfven spectrum on equilibrium parameters. Crown copyright (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA. EFDA JET, Close Support Unit, Lisbon, Portugal. EURATOM IST Assoc, Lisbon, Portugal. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Helsinki Univ Technol, Associat Euratom Tekes, Helsinki, Finland. Euratom FOM Assoc, Nieuwegein, Netherlands. RP Sharapov, SE (reprint author), UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RI Borba, Duarte/K-6148-2015; Mantsinen, Mervi/B-8023-2016 OI Borba, Duarte/0000-0001-5305-2857; Mantsinen, Mervi/0000-0001-9927-835X NR 21 TC 122 Z9 123 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 289 IS 3 BP 127 EP 134 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(01)00588-6 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 488GL UT WOS:000171927800003 ER PT J AU Schleifenbaum, A Feeder, N Vollhardt, KPC AF Schleifenbaum, A Feeder, N Vollhardt, KPC TI The X-ray crystal structure of linear [3]phenylene SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE phenylenes; X-ray structure; bond alternation ID BOND LOCALIZATION; 4-MEMBERED RINGS; PHENYLENES; HYDROCARBONS; CYCLOHEXATRIENE; ANTIAROMATICITY; TOPOLOGY; BENZENES; STRAIN AB The X-ray structure of the parent linear [3]phenylene (benzo[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2-b]biphenylene) has been obtained and is compared with those of its angular isomer and model compounds. The terminal rings reveal a relatively large degree of bond alternation while the center distorts to a cyclic bisallyl frame. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Cambridge, Chem Lab, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. RP Vollhardt, KPC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Feeder, Neil/0000-0002-8069-5652 NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 42 BP 7329 EP 7332 DI 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)01425-3 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 480HR UT WOS:000171456400001 ER PT J AU Han, WQ Cumings, J Huang, XS Bradley, K Zettl, A AF Han, WQ Cumings, J Huang, XS Bradley, K Zettl, A TI Synthesis of aligned BxCyNz nanotubes by a substitution-reaction route SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID C-N NANOTUBES; CARBON NANOTUBES; CARBIDE NANOWIRES; NITRIDE NANORODS; BORON-NITRIDE; NANOMATERIALS; NANOFIBERS; PYROLYSIS; TEMPLATE AB A substitution-reaction is used to synthesize highly aligned BxCyNz nanotubes (BxCyNz-NTs) with uniform length and small diameter. Aligned carbon/nitrogen nanotubes (CNx-NTs) or aligned carbon nanotubes (C-NTs) are reacted with B2O3 under ammonia. atmosphere. The length and diameter of the aligned BxCyNz-NTs are similar to the starting aligned nanotubes. For example, the aligned BxCyNz-NTs produced from aligned CNx-NTs are 10-30 gm in length and 20-90 nm in diameter. The x/z ratio of BxCyNz-NTs for most nanotubes is close to 1:1. The x/y ratio of BxCyNz-NTs ranges from 0.3 to 1.7. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zettl, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Cumings, John/A-3595-2012; Han, WQ/E-2818-2013; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 22 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 12 PY 2001 VL 346 IS 5-6 BP 368 EP 372 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(01)00993-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 482NR UT WOS:000171582700004 ER PT J AU Derjuga, A Richard, C Crosato, M Wright, PS Chalifour, L Valdez, J Barraso, A Crissman, HA Nishioka, W Bradbury, EM Th'ng, JPH AF Derjuga, A Richard, C Crosato, M Wright, PS Chalifour, L Valdez, J Barraso, A Crissman, HA Nishioka, W Bradbury, EM Th'ng, JPH TI Expression of p21(Waf1/Cip1) and cyclin D1 is increased in butyrate-resistant HeLa cells SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITORS; SODIUM-BUTYRATE; TRICHOSTATIN-A; DEPENDENT KINASES; GROWTH-INHIBITION; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; CARCINOMA CELLS; COLON-CANCER; P21 AB Sodium butyrate induced cell cycle arrest in mammalian cells through an increase in p21(Waf1/Cip1), although another study showed that this arrest is related to pRB signaling. We isolated variants of HeLa cells adapted to growth in 5 mM butyrate. One of these variants, clone 5.1, constitutively expressed elevated levels of p21(Waf1/Cip1) when incubated in regular growth medium and in the presence of butyrate. Despite this elevated level of p21(Waf1/Cip1), the cells continue to proliferate, albeit at a slower rate than parental HeLa cells. Western blot analyses showed that other cell cycle regulatory proteins were not up-regulated to compensate for the elevated expression of p21(Waf1/Cip1). However, cyclin D1 was downregulated by butyrate in HeLa cells but not in clone 5.1. We conclude that continued expression of cyclin D1 allowed clone 5.1 to grow in the presence of butyrate and elevated levels of p21(Waf1/Cip1). C1 NW Ontario Reg Canc Ctr, Thunder Bay, ON P7A 7T1, Canada. McGill Univ, Jewish Gen Hosp, Lady Davis Inst Med Res, Montreal, PQ H3T 1E2, Canada. Aventis Pharmaceut Inc, Bridgewater, NJ 08807 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Vical Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Th'ng, JPH (reprint author), NW Ontario Reg Canc Ctr, 290 Munro St, Thunder Bay, ON P7A 7T1, Canada. NR 55 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 12 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 41 BP 37815 EP 37820 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 481NU UT WOS:000171526500014 PM 11477082 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZM Zhu, LY Lin, DH Chen, FQ Chen, DJ Chen, Y AF Zhang, ZM Zhu, LY Lin, DH Chen, FQ Chen, DJ Chen, Y TI The three-dimensional structure of the C-terminal DNA-binding domain of human Ku70 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; TRANSFER-RNA-SYNTHETASE; ENDONUCLEASE-VII; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NMR STRUCTURE; J-COUPLINGS; LIGASE-IV; COMPLEX AB The proteins Ku70 (69.8 kDa) and Ku80 (82.7 kDa) form a heterodimeric complex that is an essential component of the nonhomologous end joining DNA double-strand break repair pathway in mammalian cells. Interaction of Ku with DNA is central for the functions of Ku. Ku70, which is mainly responsible for the DNA binding activity of the Ku heterodimer, contains two DNA-binding domains. We have solved the solution structure of the Ku80-independent DNA-binding domain of Ku70 encompassing residues 536-609 using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Residues 536-560 are highly flexible and have a random structure but form specific interactions with DNA. Residues 561-609 of Ku70 form a well defined structure with 3 alpha -helices and also interact with DNA. The three-dimensional structure indicates that all conserved hydrophobic residues are in the hydrophobic core and therefore may be important for structural integrity. Most of the conserved positively charged residues are likely to be critical for DNA recognition. The C-terminal DNA-binding domain of Ku70 contains a helix-extended strand-helix motif, which occurs in other nucleic acid-binding proteins and may represent a common nucleic acid binding motif. C1 City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Div Immunol, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. City Hope Grad Program Biol Sci, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, Y (reprint author), City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Div Immunol, 1450 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 50519]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 54190]; NLM NIH HHS [1G08LM06722-01A1] NR 36 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 12 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 41 BP 38231 EP 38236 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 481NU UT WOS:000171526500069 PM 11457852 ER PT J AU Yannone, SM Roy, S Chan, DW Murphy, MB Huang, SR Campisi, J Chen, DJ AF Yannone, SM Roy, S Chan, DW Murphy, MB Huang, SR Campisi, J Chen, DJ TI Werner syndrome protein is regulated and phosphorylated by DNA-dependent protein kinase SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; TUMOR-CELL RADIOSENSITIVITY; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; CHROMOSOMAL DNA; MRE11 COMPLEX; KU; REPAIR; RECOMBINATION; WORTMANNIN AB DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are a highly mutagenic and potentially lethal damage that occurs in all organisms. Mammalian cells repair DSBs by homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining, the latter requiring DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). Werner syndrome is a disorder characterized by genomic instability, aging pathologies and defective WRN, a RecQ-Iike helicase with exonuclease activity. We show that W-RN interacts directly with the catalytic subunit of DNA-PK (DNA-PKCS), which inhibits both the helicase and exonuclease activities of WRN. In addition we show that WRN forms a stable complex on DNA with DNA-PKCS and the DNA binding subunit Ku. This assembly reverses WRN enzymatic inhibition. Finally, we show that WRN is phosphorylated in vitro by DNA-PK and requires DNA-PK for phosphorylation in vivo, and that cells deficient in WRN are mildly sensitive to ionizing radiation. These data suggest that DNA-PK and WRN may function together in DNA metabolism and implicate WRN function in non-homologous end joining. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Div Life Sci, Mail Stop 74-157,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Yannone, Steven/G-1927-2011; Roy, sashwati/E-3990-2011 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50519]; NIA NIH HHS [AG11658, AG00266, AG17242, AG917709] NR 54 TC 153 Z9 153 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 12 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 41 BP 38242 EP 38248 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 481NU UT WOS:000171526500071 PM 11477099 ER PT J AU Xiong, JP Stehle, T Diefenbach, B Zhang, RG Dunker, R Scott, DL Joachimiak, A Goodman, SL Arnaout, MA AF Xiong, JP Stehle, T Diefenbach, B Zhang, RG Dunker, R Scott, DL Joachimiak, A Goodman, SL Arnaout, MA TI Crystal structure of the extracellular segment of integrin alpha V beta 3 SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID IIB-IIIA COMPLEX; CD11B A-DOMAIN; LIGAND-BINDING; CELL-ADHESION; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; AFFINITY; SITES; FIBRINOGEN; ACTIVATION AB Integrins are alpha beta heterodimeric receptors that mediate divalent cation-dependent cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion through tightly regulated interactions with ligands. We have solved the crystal structure of the extracellular portion of integrin alphaV beta3 at 3.1 Angstrom resolution. Its 12 domains assemble into an ovoid "head" and two "tails." In the crystal, alphaV beta3 is severely bent at a defined region in its tails, reflecting an unusual flexibility that may be linked to integrin regulation. The main intersubunit interface ties within the head, between a seven-bladed beta -propeller from alphaV and an A domain from beta3, and bears a striking resemblance to the G alpha /G beta interface in G proteins. A metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS) in the betaA domain is positioned to participate in a ligand-binding interface formed of loops from the propeller and betaA domains. MIDAS ties adjacent to a calcium-binding site with a potential regulatory function. C1 Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Struct Biol Program, Leukocyte Biol & Inflammat Program, Renal Unit, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Lab Dev Immunol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Merck KGaA, Dept Biotechnol, D-64271 Darmstadt, Germany. Merck KGaA, Dept Biomed Res Immunol Oncol, D-64271 Darmstadt, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Arnaout, MA (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Struct Biol Program, Leukocyte Biol & Inflammat Program, Renal Unit, 149 13th St, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL54227]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI45716]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK48549, DK50305]; NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM062414-02, P50 GM062414] NR 45 TC 878 Z9 913 U1 3 U2 52 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 12 PY 2001 VL 294 IS 5541 BP 339 EP 345 DI 10.1126/science.1064535 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 482WZ UT WOS:000171601400034 PM 11546839 ER PT J AU Nishiizumi, K Caffee, IW AF Nishiizumi, K Caffee, IW TI Beryllium-10 from the Sun SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Beryltium-10 (Be-10) in excess of that expected from in situ cosmic ray spallation reactions is present in lunar surface soil 78481; its presence was revealed with a sequential leaching technique. This excess Be-10, representing only 0.7 to 1.1% of the total Be-10 inventory, is associated with surface layers (<1 micrometer) of the mineral grains composing 78481. This excess Be-10 and its association with surficial layers corresponds to (1.90.8) x 10(8) atoms per square centimeter, requiring a Be-10 implantation rate of (2.9 +/-1.2) x 10(-6) atoms per square centimeter per second on the surface of the Moon. The most likely site for the production of this excess Be-10 is the Sun's atmosphere. The Be-10 is entrained into the solar wind and transported to the lunar surface. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geosci & Environm Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Nishiizumi, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 12 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 12 PY 2001 VL 294 IS 5541 BP 352 EP 354 DI 10.1126/science.1062545 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 482WZ UT WOS:000171601400037 PM 11598295 ER PT J AU Staudigel, H Albarede, F Anderson, DL Derry, L McDonough, B Shaw, HF White, W Zindler, A AF Staudigel, H Albarede, F Anderson, DL Derry, L McDonough, B Shaw, HF White, W Zindler, A CA GERM Steering Comm TI Electronic data publication in geochemistry: A plea for "full disclosure" SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE databases; data formats; Geochemical Earth Reference Model; geochemistry : instruments and techniques; hydrology : instruments and techniques; mineralogy and petrology : instruments and; techniques C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Ecole Normale Super Lyon, F-69364 Lyon 7, France. CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. US DOE, Div Chem Sci Geosci & Biosci, Off Basic Energy Sci, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Staudigel, H (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Shaw, Henry/B-6445-2012; Albarede, Francis/A-8871-2011; White, William/N-3231-2014 OI Shaw, Henry/0000-0003-0681-5430; Albarede, Francis/0000-0003-1994-1428; White, William/0000-0001-9024-7039 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1525-2027 J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. PD OCT 11 PY 2001 VL 2 BP art. no. EP 2001GC000234 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 481MQ UT WOS:000171523400001 ER PT J AU Macchi, P Schultz, AJ Larsen, FK Iversen, BB AF Macchi, P Schultz, AJ Larsen, FK Iversen, BB TI Experimental and theoretical electron density study of the peroxo function in oxoperoxo(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylato)(hexamethylphosphoramide)molybdenum (VI): Implications for olefin epoxidation by peroxo transition metal complexes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; PEROXYFORMIC ACID; CHARGE-DENSITY; HYDROGEN-BOND; 9 K; MECHANISM; MOLYBDENUM; ENERGETICS AB The relative electrophilicity of different peroxo functions is deduced based on crystal structure correlation analysis and high-level ab initio theoretical calculations on a series of model peroxo compounds. Using electron density analysis, it is shown that peroxo functions in some organic compounds (especially dioxiranes) have a pronounced reversal of polarity resulting in a substantial electrophilic character, while in transition metal peroxides they only have an intermediate electrophilicity. The charge density of a transition metal oxidation catalyst, oxoperoxo(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylato)(hexamethylphosphoramide)molybdenum(VI), 1, has been determined from combined analysis of 20 K X-ray and neutron diffraction data. The good comparison with results of theoretical calculations (at the HF and B3LYP levels of theory) validates the two approaches and testifies to the suitability of experimental methods even in the presence of heavy atoms. The analysis shows that the Mo-O-peroxo bond contains considerable covalent character as revealed by the short Mo-O distance, the large electron density along the bond path, and the negative energy density. In 1, the O-O distance, the atomic charges, and the electrostatic potential around the peroxo group are different from those of dioxiranes. During a direct interaction with olefins, a substantial repolarization of the group is expected to occur, possibly favored by weaker M-O bonds. C1 Univ Milan, Dipartimento Chim Strutturale & Stereochim Inorga, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Aarhus Univ, Dept Chem, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. RP Macchi, P (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dipartimento Chim Strutturale & Stereochim Inorga, Via Venezian 21, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RI Macchi, Piero/A-7562-2012 OI Macchi, Piero/0000-0001-6292-9825 NR 53 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD OCT 11 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 40 BP 9231 EP 9242 DI 10.1021/jp011328x PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 481EH UT WOS:000171506600018 ER PT J AU Gittings, MR Cipelletti, L Trappe, V Weitz, DA In, M Lal, J AF Gittings, MR Cipelletti, L Trappe, V Weitz, DA In, M Lal, J TI The effect of solvent and ions on the structure and rheological properties of guar solutions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID COUPLED-DEVICE CAMERA; LIGHT-SCATTERING; POLYMERS AB We study the effect of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and various salts (sodium chloride, sodium thiocyanate, sodium carbonate, and urea) on the rheological behavior and the conformation of aqueous guar solutions. Ultralow angle light scattering, conventional light scattering, and neutron scattering are used to probe the structure of guar over length scales spanning 5 decades, from a few angstroms to several tens of microns. Although both IPA and salts worsen solvent conditions, their effect is very different. Isopropyl alcohol promotes the formation of a network of large-scale structures via intermolecular associations, thus increasing dramatically the elastic response of guar solutions. Salts. on the contrary, affects guar on a local scale, leading to a more collapsed chain configuration, thus to a lower effective volume fraction and to reduced viscosity. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Rhodia Inc, Complex Fluids CNRS Lab, Cranbury, NJ 08512 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Univ Penn, Dept Phys, 209 S 33rd St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM lucacip@gdpc.univ-montp2.fr NR 22 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD OCT 11 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 40 BP 9310 EP 9315 DI 10.1021/jp0101825 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 481EH UT WOS:000171506600027 ER PT J AU Schenter, GK Garrett, BC Truhlar, DG AF Schenter, GK Garrett, BC Truhlar, DG TI The role of collective solvent coordinates and nonequilibrium solvation in charge-transfer reactions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; TRANSITION-STATE-THEORY; PROTON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; INNER-SPHERE MECHANISMS; CHEMICAL-REACTION RATES; POLAR-SOLVENTS; RATE CONSTANTS; OUTER-SPHERE; FREE-ENERGY; REORGANIZATION ENERGIES AB In this article we discuss how the solvent energy-gap reaction coordinate arising in weak-overlap charge-transfer theory may be generalized to include nonequilibrium solvation effects in variational transition state theory (VTST) for arbitrary reactions of neutral or charged species. The discussion also indicates how the parameters of weak-overlap charge-transfer theory may be related to the potential energy surface of a reaction and the potential of mean force. This synthesis of aspects of weak-overlap charge-transfer theory and variational transition state theory provides a clearer picture of the usefulness and limitations of the energy-gap coordinate in Marcus theory or in more general contexts. Furthermore, it furnishes a new view of the role of solvent coordinates in electronically adiabatic reactions. As an example, we show how VTST provides a way to treat solute vibrational coordinates and collective solvation coordinates in a comparable way in the computational modeling of aqeuous proton-transfer reactions including quantum mechanical vibrations and multidimensional tunneling effects. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Inst Supercomp, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Schenter, GK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Garrett, Bruce/F-8516-2011; Schenter, Gregory/I-7655-2014; Truhlar, Donald/G-7076-2015 OI Schenter, Gregory/0000-0001-5444-5484; Truhlar, Donald/0000-0002-7742-7294 NR 93 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 11 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 40 BP 9672 EP 9685 DI 10.1021/jp011981k PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 481EJ UT WOS:000171506700002 ER PT J AU West, GB Brown, JH Enquist, BJ AF West, GB Brown, JH Enquist, BJ TI A general model for ontogenetic growth SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID BODY-SIZE; LIFE AB Several equations have been proposed to describe ontogenetic growth trajectories for organisms justified primarily on the goodness of rt rather than on any biological mechanism(1-6). Here, we derive a general quantitative model based on fundamental principles(7-9) for the allocation of metabolic energy between maintenance of existing tissue and the production of new biomass. We thus predict the parameters governing growth curves from basic cellular properties(10) and derive a single parameterless universal curve that describes the growth of many diverse species. The model provides the basis for deriving allometric relationships for growth rates and the timing of life history events(2,11,12). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B285, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gbw@lanl.gov OI Enquist, Brian/0000-0002-6124-7096 NR 24 TC 523 Z9 549 U1 7 U2 103 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD OCT 11 PY 2001 VL 413 IS 6856 BP 628 EP 631 DI 10.1038/35098076 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 480WE UT WOS:000171485700048 PM 11675785 ER PT J AU Rizzo, TG AF Rizzo, TG TI New physics beyond the standard model at gamma gamma colliders SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Energy Photon Colliders CY JUN 14-17, 2000 CL DESY, HAMBURG, GERMANY HO DESY DE extra dimensions; Kaluza-Klein ID EXTRA DIMENSIONS; VECTOR LEPTOQUARKS; QUANTUM-GRAVITY; E+E COLLIDER; WW-GAMMA; COLLISIONS; COUPLINGS; PHENOMENOLOGY; MILLIMETER; BOUNDS AB The complementarity of e(+)e(-) and gamma gamma colliders to discover and explore new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) is discussed. After briefly surveying a number of various new physics scenarios, we concentrate in detail on signatures for Large Extra Dimensions via the process gamma gamma --> WW. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Rizzo, TG (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 11 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 1-2 BP 37 EP 42 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 486TN UT WOS:000171833200007 ER PT J AU Gronberg, J AF Gronberg, J TI The NLC photon collider option progress and plans SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Energy Photon Colliders CY JUN 14-17, 2000 CL DESY, HAMBURG, GERMANY HO DESY DE HEP; gamma-gamma collider AB The idea of producing beams of high energy photons by Compton backscattering of laser photons was proposed over 20 years ago. At that time, producing the required laser pulses was not feasible. However, recent advances in high average power, diode pumped lasers appear to have solved this problem. The US Collaboration is now turning its attention to the engineering requirement of integrating the laser and optics components with the accelerator structures in the confined space of the colliding beam interaction region. The demonstration of a technically feasible interaction region design is planned for the Snowmass Conference in 2001. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Gronberg, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 11 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 66 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01162-7 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 486TN UT WOS:000171833200009 ER PT J AU Boos, E De Roeck, A Ginzburg, IF Hagiwara, K Heuer, RD Jikia, G Kwiecinski, J Miller, DJ Takahashi, T Telnov, VI Rizzo, T Watanabe, I Zerwas, PM AF Boos, E De Roeck, A Ginzburg, IF Hagiwara, K Heuer, RD Jikia, G Kwiecinski, J Miller, DJ Takahashi, T Telnov, VI Rizzo, T Watanabe, I Zerwas, PM TI Gold-plated processes at photon colliders SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Energy Photon Colliders CY JUN 14-17, 2000 CL DESY, HAMBURG, GERMANY HO DESY DE Higgs particle; supersymmetry; photon photon; photon electron; W; new particle; pair production; laser backscatter; linear collider ID GAMMA-GAMMA-COLLISIONS; HIGGS-BOSON PRODUCTION; HEAVY-QUARK PRODUCTION; E(+)E(-) LINEAR COLLIDERS; SINGLE-TOP PRODUCTION; 2-PHOTON DECAY WIDTH; ANOMALOUS WW-GAMMA; LOW SCALE GRAVITY; PAIR PRODUCTION; EXTRA DIMENSIONS AB We review the most important topics and objectives of the physics program of the gamma gamma, gammae collider (photon collider) option for an e(+)e(-) linear collider. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Phys Nucl, Moscow 117234, Russia. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Russian Acad Sci, Sobolev Inst Math, SB, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. KEK, Theory Grp, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Univ Hamburg, DESY, Inst Expt Phys 2, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 739, Japan. DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Akita Keizaihoka Univ, Akita 0108515, Japan. RP Univ Freiburg, Hermann Herder Str 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. EM jikia@pheno.physik.uni-freiburg.de RI Boos, Eduard/D-9748-2012; Telnov, Valery/C-6900-2009 OI Telnov, Valery/0000-0002-8312-8119 NR 166 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 11 PY 2001 VL 472 IS 1-2 BP 100 EP 120 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01168-8 PG 21 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 486TN UT WOS:000171833200015 ER PT J AU Lagoyannis, A Auger, F Musumarra, A Alamanos, N Pollacco, EC Pakou, A Blumenfeld, Y Braga, F La Commara, M Drouart, A Fioni, G Gillibert, A Khan, E Lapoux, V Mittig, W Ottini-Hustache, S Pierroutsakou, D Romoli, M Roussel-Chomaz, P Sandoli, M Santonocito, D Scarpaci, JA Sida, JL Suomijarvi, T Karataglidis, S Amos, K AF Lagoyannis, A Auger, F Musumarra, A Alamanos, N Pollacco, EC Pakou, A Blumenfeld, Y Braga, F La Commara, M Drouart, A Fioni, G Gillibert, A Khan, E Lapoux, V Mittig, W Ottini-Hustache, S Pierroutsakou, D Romoli, M Roussel-Chomaz, P Sandoli, M Santonocito, D Scarpaci, JA Sida, JL Suomijarvi, T Karataglidis, S Amos, K TI Probing the He-6 halo structure with elastic and inelastic proton scattering SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE unstable nuclei; proton scattering; optical model ID MICROSCOPIC MODEL ANALYSES; SHELL-MODEL; LIGHT-NUCLEI; DIVERSE MASS; ENERGY; EXCITATIONS; TARGETS; LI-11 AB Proton elastic and inelastic scattering to the first excited state of He-6 have been measured over a wide angular range using a 40.9 A MeV He-6 beam. The data have been analyzed with a fully microscopic model of proton-nucleus scattering using He-6 wave functions generated from large space shell model calculations. The inelastic scattering data show a remarkable sensitivity to the halo structure of He-6. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, DSM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. CNRS, Inst Phys Nucl, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. Univ Naples, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. GANIL, F-14021 Caen, France. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. RP Auger, F (reprint author), CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, DSM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. NR 36 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 11 PY 2001 VL 518 IS 1-2 BP 27 EP 33 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)00887-5 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 479VN UT WOS:000171424400005 ER PT J AU Gopalakrishna, S Wells, J AF Gopalakrishna, S Wells, J TI Superlight gravitinos in electron-photon collisions SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID COLLIDERS; SUPERPARTICLES; SIGNALS; HEAVY; MASS AB Motivated by recent studies of supersymmetry in higher-dimensional spaces, we discuss the experimental signatures of a superlight gravitino (mass less than or equal to 10(-3) eV). We concentrate on the process e(-)gamma --> (e) over tilde (R)(G) over tilde as a probe of supersymmetry, where a single heavy superpartner and a superlight gravitino are produced. The fact that there is only one heavy superpartner in the final state in this process would require a lower center-of-mass energy for on-shell production compared to conventional pair production. For instance, for a 500 GeV machine, we find that a positive signal will be found if the supersymmetry breaking scale is less than about 2 TeV. If no positive signal is found, this process puts a bound on the supersymmetry breaking scale. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gopalakrishna, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 11 PY 2001 VL 518 IS 1-2 BP 123 EP 127 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)01038-3 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 479VN UT WOS:000171424400018 ER PT J AU Leviatan, A Ginocchio, JN AF Leviatan, A Ginocchio, JN TI Consequences of a relativistic pseudospin symmetry for radial nodes and intruder levels in nuclei SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE relativistic mean field theory; symmetry; Dirac Hamiltonian; pseudospin ID DIRAC-EQUATION; TRANSITIONS; SCATTERING; ALIGNMENT; STATES AB The identification of pseudospin symmetry as a relativistic symmetry of the Dirac Hamiltonian is used to explain the structure of radial nodes occurring in pseudospin doublets and to illuminate the special status of nodeless intruder states in nuclei. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Leviatan, A (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. NR 28 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 11 PY 2001 VL 518 IS 1-2 BP 214 EP 220 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)01039-5 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 479VN UT WOS:000171424400031 ER PT J AU Riess, AG Nugent, PE Gilliland, RL Schmidt, BP Tonry, J Dickinson, M Thompson, RI Budavari, T Casertano, S Evans, AS Filippenko, AV Livio, M Sanders, DB Shapley, AE Spinrad, H Steidel, CC Stern, D Surace, J Veilleux, S AF Riess, AG Nugent, PE Gilliland, RL Schmidt, BP Tonry, J Dickinson, M Thompson, RI Budavari, T Casertano, S Evans, AS Filippenko, AV Livio, M Sanders, DB Shapley, AE Spinrad, H Steidel, CC Stern, D Surace, J Veilleux, S TI The farthest known supernova: Support for an accelerating universe and a glimpse of the epoch of deceleration SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : observations; supernovae : general ID HUBBLE DEEP FIELD; GAMMA-RAY BURST; HIGH-REDSHIFT SUPERNOVAE; 25 APRIL 1998; IA SUPERNOVAE; LIGHT CURVES; OPTICAL-SPECTRA; STAR-FORMATION; COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS AB We present photometric observations of an apparent Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) at a redshift of similar to1.7, the farthest SN observed to date. The supernova, SN 1997ff, was discovered in a repeat observation by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) of the Hubble Deep Field-North (HDF-N) and serendipitously monitored with NICMOS on HST throughout the Thompson et al. Guaranteed-Time Observer (GTO) campaign. The SN type can be determined from the host galaxy type : an evolved, red elliptical lacking enough recent star formation to provide a significant population of core-collapse supernovae. The classification is further supported by diagnostics available from the observed colors and temporal behavior of the SN, both of which match a typical SN Ia. The photometric record of the SN includes a dozen flux measurements in the I, J, and H bands spanning 35 days in the observed frame. The redshift derived from the SN photometry, z = 1.7 +/- 0.1, is in excellent agreement with the redshift estimate of z = 1.65 +/- 0.15 derived from U(300) B(450) V(606) I(814) J(110) J(125) H(160) H(165) K(s) photometry of the galaxy. Optical and near-infrared spectra of the host provide a very tentative spectroscopic redshift of 1.755. Fits to observations of the SN provide constraints for the redshift-distance relation of SNe Ia and a powerful test of the current accelerating universe hypothesis. The apparent SN brightness is consistent with that expected in the decelerating phase of the preferred cosmological model, Omega (M) approximate to 1/3, Omega (Lambda) approximate to 2/3. It is inconsistent with gray dust or simple luminosity evolution, candidate astrophysical effects that could mimic previous evidence for an accelerating universe from SNe Ia at z approximate to 0.5. We consider several sources of potential systematic error, including gravitational lensing, supernova misclassification, sample selection bias, and luminosity calibration errors. Currently, none of these effects alone appears likely to challenge our conclusions. Additional SNe Ia at z > 1 will be required to test more exotic alternatives to the accelerating universe hypothesis and to probe the nature of dark energy. C1 Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Weston 2611, Australia. Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CALTECH, Palomar Observ, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. CALTECH, SIRTF Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Riess, AG (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM ariess@stsci.edu OI Schmidt, Brian/0000-0001-6589-1287 NR 100 TC 577 Z9 582 U1 1 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 560 IS 1 BP 49 EP 71 DI 10.1086/322348 PN 1 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 482QT UT WOS:000171587300006 ER PT J AU Kronberg, PP Dufton, QW Li, H Colgate, SA AF Kronberg, PP Dufton, QW Li, H Colgate, SA TI Magnetic energy of the intergalactic medium from galactic black holes SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; intergalactic medium; magnetic fields; radio continuum : galaxies ID GIANT RADIO GALAXY; HYDRA-A CLUSTER; VLA OBSERVATIONS; MULTIFREQUENCY RADIO; COMPLETE SAMPLE; OPTICAL IDENTIFICATIONS; COMA CLUSTER; WENSS SURVEY; CYGNUS-A; QUASAR AB We present a quantitative analysis of two radio source samples having opposite extremes of ambient gas density that leads to important new conclusions about the magnetic energy in the intergalactic medium (IGM). We analyze here (1) a new, large sample of well-imaged "giant" extragalactic radio sources that are found in rarefied IGM environments and (2) at the other extreme, radio galaxies situated in the densest known IGM environments, within 150 kpc of rich cluster cores. We find that sources in the former sample contain magnetic energies E-B similar to 10(60)-10(61) ergs and could be viewed as important "calorimeters" of the minimum energy a black hole (BH) accretion disk system injects into the IGM. In contrast to the radiation energy released by BH accretion, most of the magnetic energy is "trapped" initially in a volume, up to similar to 10(73) cm(3), around the host galaxy. But since these large, megaparsec-scale radio lobes are still overpressured after the active galactic nucleus phase (AGN), their subsequent expansion and diffusion will magnetize a large fraction of the entire IGM. This suggests that the energy stored in intergalactic magnetic fields will have a major, as yet underestimated effect on the evolution of subsequently forming galaxies. Comparison with the second, cluster core-embedded sample shows that the minimum magnetic energy E-B can be a strongly variable fraction of the inferred accretion energy E-acc, and that it depends on the ambient IGM environment. Cluster embedded AGNs inject significant energy as PdV work on the thermal ICM gas, and their magnetic energy, even ignoring the contribution from stellar and starburst outflows, is sufficient to account for that recently found beyond the inner cores of galaxy clusters. We discuss the various energy loss processes as these magnetized CR clouds (lobes) undergo their enormous expansion into the IGM. We conclude that the aggregate IGM magnetic energy derived purely from galactic black holes since the first epoch of significant galaxy BH formation is sufficiently large that it will have an important influence on the process of both galaxy and visible structure formation on scales up to similar to1 Mpc. C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kronberg, PP (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. NR 98 TC 107 Z9 107 U1 1 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 560 IS 1 BP 178 EP 186 DI 10.1086/322767 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 482QT UT WOS:000171587300018 ER PT J AU Phillipps, S Drinkwater, MJ Gregg, MD Jones, JB AF Phillipps, S Drinkwater, MJ Gregg, MD Jones, JB TI Ultracompact dwarf galaxies in the Fornax Cluster SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : clusters : individual (Fornax); galaxies : compact; galaxies : fundamental parameters; galaxies : photometry ID GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; SURFACE-BRIGHTNESS; VIRGO CLUSTER; SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; STAR-CLUSTERS; COMPACT; REDSHIFT; CATALOG AB By utilizing the large multiplexing advantage of the Two-degree Field spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope, we have been able to obtain a complete spectroscopic sample of all objects in a predefined magnitude range, 16.5 < b(j) < 19.7 regardless of morphology, in an area toward the center of the Fornax Cluster of galaxies. Among the unresolved or marginally resolved targets, we have found five objects that are actually at the redshift of the Fornax Cluster; i.e., they are extremely compact dwarf galaxies or extremely large star clusters. All five have absorption-line spectra. With intrinsic sizes of less than 1."1 HWHM (corresponding to approximately 100 pc at the distance of the cluster), they are more compact and significantly less luminous than other known compact dwarf galaxies, yet much brighter than any globular cluster. In this paper we present new ground-based optical observations of these enigmatic objects. In addition to having extremely high central surface brightnesses, these objects show no evidence of any surrounding low surface brightness envelopes down to much fainter limits than is the case for, e.g., nucleated dwarf elliptical galaxies. Thus, if they are not merely the stripped remains of some other type of galaxy, then they appear to have properties unlike any previously known type of stellar system. C1 Univ Bristol, Dept Phys, Astrophys Grp, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. RP Phillipps, S (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Dept Phys, Astrophys Grp, Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. RI Drinkwater, Michael/A-2201-2008; OI Drinkwater, Michael/0000-0003-4867-0022; Jones, Bryn/0000-0002-4679-5625; Phillipps, Steven/0000-0001-5991-3486 NR 50 TC 122 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 560 IS 1 BP 201 EP 206 DI 10.1086/322517 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 482QT UT WOS:000171587300021 ER PT J AU Bruenn, SW De Nisco, KR Mezzacappa, A AF Bruenn, SW De Nisco, KR Mezzacappa, A TI General relativistic effects in the core collapse supernova mechanism SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE hydrodynamics; neutrinos; relativity; supernovae : general ID BOLTZMANN NEUTRINO TRANSPORT; NUCLEON SPIN FLUCTUATIONS; II SUPERNOVAE; STELLAR COLLAPSE; DIFFUSIVE INSTABILITIES; STAR ACCRETION; INFALL EPOCH; EXPLOSIONS; CONVECTION; SHOCK AB We apply our recently developed code for spherically symmetric, fully general relativistic (GR) Lagrangian hydrodynamics and multigroup flux-limited diffusion (MGFLD) neutrino transport to examine the effects of GR on the hydrodynamics and transport during collapse, bounce, and the critical shock reheating phase of core collapse supernovae. GR effects were examined by performing core collapse simulations from several precollapse models in the Newtonian limit, in a hybrid limit consisting of GR hydrodynamics and Newtonian transport, and in the fully GR limit. Comparisons of models computed with GR versus Newtonian hydrodynamics show that collapse to bounce takes slightly less time in the GR limit and that the shock propagates slightly farther out in radius before receding. After a secondary quasi-static rise in the shock radius, the shock radius declines considerably more rapidly in the GR simulations than in the corresponding Newtonian simulations. During the shock reheating phase, core collapse computed with GR hydrodynamics results in a substantially more compact structure from the center out to the stagnated shock, the shock radius being reduced by a factor of 2 after 300 ms for a 25 M-circle dot model and 600 ms for a 15 M-circle dot model, times being measured from bounce. The inflow speed of material behind the shock is also increased by about a factor of 2 throughout most of the evolution as a consequence of GR hydrodynamics. Regarding neutrino transport, comparisons show that the luminosity and rms energy of any neutrino flavor during the shock reheating phase increases when switching from Newtonian to GR hydrodynamics. This arises from the close coupling of the hydrodynamics and transport and the effect of GR hydrodynamics to produce more compact core structures, hotter neutrinospheres at smaller radii. On additionally switching from Newtonian to GR transport, gravitational time dilation and redshift effects decrease the luminosities and rms energies of all neutrino flavors. This decrease is less in magnitude than the increase in neutrino luminosities and rms energies that arise when switching from Newtonian to GR hydrodynamics, with the result that a fully GR simulation gives higher neutrino luminosities and harder neutrino spectra than a fully Newtonian simulation of the same precollapse model. C1 Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bruenn, SW (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 94913 USA. RI Mezzacappa, Anthony/B-3163-2017 OI Mezzacappa, Anthony/0000-0001-9816-9741 NR 112 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 560 IS 1 BP 326 EP 338 DI 10.1086/322319 PN 1 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 482QT UT WOS:000171587300031 ER PT J AU Yung, MH Finnemore, DK AF Yung, MH Finnemore, DK TI Thermodynamic critical field of La2-xSrxCuO(4) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Midwest Solid State Conference/Midwest Solid State Theory Symposium CY OCT 13-15, 2000 CL UNIV N DAKOTA, GRAND FORKS, NORTH DAKOTA SP N Dakota EPSCoR HO UNIV N DAKOTA ID REVERSIBLE MAGNETIZATION; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; FLUCTUATIONS AB Thermodynamic critical fields, H-c, have been measured for the La2-xSrxCuO4 family of superconductors in order to determine the changes in free energy of the system as the number of carriers is reduced. Magnetization vs. magnetic field curves are thermodynamically reversible over large portions of the H - T plane, so the free energy is well defined in these regions. Magnetization vs. field data are then fit to theoretical models to determine the thermodynamic critical fields. As the Sr concentration is changed from x = 0.10 to 0.23, the values of H-c(T = 0) goes through a maximum at optimum doping in a manner similar to the Te vs x curve. The ratio of H-c(T = 0)/T-c also peaks in the region of x somewhat larger than optimum doping. As the value of x increases from underdoped to optimum doping, the cross-over temperature in the M-sc. vs. T curve, T*, approaches the transition temperature. In the overdoped regime there is no crossing in these M-sc vs. T curves. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yung, MH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 24-25 BP 3156 EP 3163 DI 10.1142/S0217979201007452 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 489QT UT WOS:000172003500003 ER PT J AU Klemm, RA Scharnberg, K AF Klemm, RA Scharnberg, K TI Theory of bicrystal c-axis twist Josephson junctions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Midwest Solid State Conference/Midwest Solid State Theory Symposium CY OCT 13-15, 2000 CL UNIV N DAKOTA, GRAND FORKS, ND SP N Dakota EPSCoR HO UNIV N DAKOTA ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; GRAIN-BOUNDARY JUNCTIONS; ORDER-PARAMETER SYMMETRY; LINEAR-RESPONSE CALCULATION; PHASE-SENSITIVE TEST; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; WAVE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ANGULAR-DEPENDENCE AB We calculate the critical current density J(C)(J) (phi (0)) for Josephson tunneling between identical high temperature superconductors twisted an angle phi (0) about the c-axis. Regardless of the shape of the two-dimensional Fermi surface and for very general tunneling matrix elements, an order parameter (OP) with general d-wave symmetry leads to J(C)(J) (pi /4) = 0. This general result is inconsistent with the data of Li et al. on Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+delta) (Bi2212), which showed J(C)(J) to be independent of phi (0). If the momentum parallel to the barrier is conserved in the tunneling process, J(C)(J) should vary substantially with the twist angle phi (0) when the tight-binding Fermi surface appropriate for Bi2212 is taken into account, even if the OP is completely isotropic. We quantify the degree of momentum non-conservation necessary to render J(C)(J)(phi (0)) constant within experimental error for a variety of pair states by interpolating between the coherent and incoherent limits using five specific models to describe the momentum dependence of the tunneling matrix element squared. From the data of Li et al., we conclude that the c-axis tunneling in Bi2212 must be very nearly incoherent, and that the OP must have a non-vanishing Fermi surface average for T less than or equal to T(C). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys 1, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. RP Klemm, RA (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, Nothnitzer Str 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. EM rklemm@mpipks-dresden.mpg.de NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 24-25 BP 3164 EP 3189 DI 10.1142/S0217979201007464 PG 26 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 489QT UT WOS:000172003500004 ER PT J AU Pfeifer, P Gheorghiu, S AF Pfeifer, P Gheorghiu, S TI Counterexamples in fractal roughness analysis and their physical properties SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Midwest Solid State Conference/Midwest Solid State Theory Symposium CY OCT 13-15, 2000 CL UNIV N DAKOTA, GRAND FORKS, ND SP N Dakota EPSCoR HO UNIV N DAKOTA ID MULTILAYER ADSORPTION; SURFACES; INTERFACES AB We disprove the widely held notion that a surface with nontrivial roughness exponents fluctuates at all scales ("structure within structure") and has nontrivial fractal dimension. Strong counterexamples. are Cantor staircases, which have nontrivial roughness exponents, do not fluctuate at all, and have trivial fractal dimension. Weak counterexamples fluctuate intermittently and have nontrival fractal dimension. Characteristic of all counterexamples is: (i) they consist of terraces of all sizes and exhibit scaling over the entire range of terrace sizes. (ii) they have roughness exponents H(q) that vary strongly with order q; (iii) they are self-affine, but not all affinities are invertible. The strong variation of Hq drives a strongly varying surface response to different external interactions (different interactions are governed by different orders q) and abrupt changes similar to a phase transition, with H(q) playing the role of temperature. A summary of this extraordinary functional tunability and its applications is given. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Inst Phys Sci Inc, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pfeifer, P (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 24-25 BP 3197 EP 3206 DI 10.1142/S0217979201007488 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 489QT UT WOS:000172003500006 ER PT J AU Schmalian, J Westfahl, H Wolynes, PG AF Schmalian, J Westfahl, H Wolynes, PG TI On the number of metastable states in a stripe glass SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Midwest Solid State Conference/Midwest Solid State Theory Symposium CY OCT 13-15, 2000 CL UNIV N DAKOTA, GRAND FORKS, NORTH DAKOTA SP N Dakota EPSCoR HO UNIV N DAKOTA DE stripe glass; doped Mott insulator; configurational entropy ID PHASE-SEPARATION; SPIN DYNAMICS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; LA2-XSRXCUO4; SYSTEM AB We estimate the number of metastable states of a self generated stripe glass, relevant for the formation of glassy doped Mott insulators. Using replica bound states, we demonstrate that the configurational entropy is the difference between the entropy of the stripe liquid and of an amorphous stripe solid with phonon-type excitations. Using simple scaling laws we then determine the relationship between the modulation length and the configurational entropy. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Schmalian, J (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Schmalian, Joerg/H-2313-2011 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 24-25 BP 3292 EP 3295 DI 10.1142/S0217979201007646 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 489QT UT WOS:000172003500022 ER PT J AU Picard, RR Fitzgerald, M Brown, MJ AF Picard, RR Fitzgerald, M Brown, MJ TI Accelerating convergence in stochastic particle dispersion simulation codes SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE exponential convergence; importance sampling; Markov chains; Monte Carlo methods ID EXPONENTIAL CONVERGENCE; TURBULENT FLOWS; MARKOV-CHAINS; MODELS; TRAJECTORIES; SELECTION; LAYER AB Recent work in adaptive importance sampling is applied to Markov chain models for Monte Carlo simulations. When this technique is incorporated into the simulation of physical processes, it can give orders-of-magnitude improvement in convergence times relative to standard approaches. We review the related methodology and illustrate its application. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Picard, RR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Brown, Michael J./0000-0002-8069-0835 NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 173 IS 1 BP 231 EP 255 DI 10.1006/jcph.2001.6874 PG 25 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 481YD UT WOS:000171547300010 ER PT J AU Feibelman, PJ Michely, T AF Feibelman, PJ Michely, T TI Pt-dimer dissociation on Pt(111) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE scanning tunneling microscopy; density functional calculations; field ion microscopy; nucleation; surface diffusion; epitaxy; platinum; low index single crystal surfaces ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; ELECTRON SYSTEMS; SELF-DIFFUSION; GROWTH; METALS; TRANSITION; ENERGETICS AB An analysis of the temperature dependence of Pt-island number densities on Pt(1 1 1) and ab initio density functional theory calculations agree that the activation energy for Pt-dimer dissociation on Pt(1 1 1) is between 0.79 and 0.88 eV. This result is much larger than the value 0.49 +/- 0.01 eV obtained from field ion microscopy (FIM). The discrepancy is attributed to easy dimer access to the boundaries of the apex (1 1 1)-plane on a Pt FIM tip, where dissociation is facile. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. EM pjfeibe@sandia.gov; michely@physik.rwth-aachen.de NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 492 IS 1-2 BP L723 EP L728 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(01)01459-5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 484FG UT WOS:000171679100009 ER PT J AU Jennison, DR Dulub, O Hebenstreit, W Diebold, U AF Jennison, DR Dulub, O Hebenstreit, W Diebold, U TI Structure of an ultrathin TiOx film, formed by the strong metal support interaction (SMSI), on Pt nanocrystals on TiO2(110) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE density functional calculations; insulating films; surface structure, morphology, roughness, and topography; surface stress; titanium oxide; metal-insulator interfaces; catalysis; platinum ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ALUMINUM-OXIDE FILMS; ELECTRON-GAS; SURFACE; OXYGEN; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; ENCAPSULATION; TRANSITION; STATE AB We use first-principles density functional theory to study ultrathin TiOx films on Pt(1 1 1). The preferred interface with Pt has Ti with O as an overlayer. However, this ordering, preferred over Ti/O/Pt by 2.9 eV/Ti-O unit, produces > 10% stress. This explains a complex structure, seen using STM, of TiOx bilayers encapsulating Pt(1 1 1) nanofacets: the energetics of stress relief is about ten times that of differences in the various possible O/Ti/Pt(1 1 1)-layer site occupations, thus favoring dislocation formation. A structure is found that is stable. It consists of a series of linear misfit dislocations at the relatively weak Ti/Pt interface that are 6/7 Ti/Pt rows wide. In addition, strong interactions at the O/Ti interface and O-layer strain also cause the Ti/Pt interface to abruptly change from hcp- to fee-site Ti, producing linear "canyons" (Ti/Pt dislocation cores occur between these stripes). Furthermore, alternating hcp- and fcc-site triangles, each with ten O-atoms, are separated by bridging O in an abrupt O/Ti misfit dislocation, thus producing a zigzag pattern. The above dislocations release strain along both the x- and y-directions in the surface plane. However, we have been unable to find a stable structure if the zigzag ends consist of O, but stability is found if they consist of Ti. Finally, reverse bias STM images indicate the ends might indeed different than the line portions of the zigzag features. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM drjenni@sandia.gov RI Diebold, Ulrike/A-3681-2010 OI Diebold, Ulrike/0000-0003-0319-5256 NR 30 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 492 IS 1-2 BP L677 EP L687 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(01)01460-1 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 484FG UT WOS:000171679100002 ER PT J AU Kazimirov, A Goodner, DM Bedzyk, MJ Bai, J Hubbard, CR AF Kazimirov, A Goodner, DM Bedzyk, MJ Bai, J Hubbard, CR TI X-ray surface diffraction analysis of structural transformations on the (001) surface of oxidized SrTiO3 SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alkaline earth metals; X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection; atomic force microscopy; surface segregation; surface, structure, morphology, roughness; and topography ID DEMIXING PROFILE CALCULATION; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; INTERFACIAL SEGREGATION; PEROVSKITES; GRADIENT AB Surface X-ray scattering was used to study structural modifications on the (0 0 1) surface of oxidized SrTiO3. Grazing incidence in-plane X-ray diffraction revealed a sequence of quasi-powder diffraction peaks originating from crystallites with nearly random in-plane orientation. This diffraction pattern is associated with micro-crystallites of irregular shape observed by atomic force microscopy on the surface after annealing in oxygen. Analysis based on available powder diffraction data identified these crystallites as monoclinic TiO. Different oxygen annealing treatments led to dramatic changes in the specular (0 0 L) crystal truncation rods indicating significant structural modifications in the underlying single crystal SrTiO3 surface layer. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kazimirov, A (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Wilson Lab, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009; Bedzyk, Michael/K-6903-2013; Bai, Jianming/O-5005-2015 NR 21 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 10 PY 2001 VL 492 IS 1-2 BP L711 EP L716 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(01)01442-X PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 484FG UT WOS:000171679100007 ER PT J AU Moldovan, D Wolf, D Phillpot, SR AF Moldovan, D Wolf, D Phillpot, SR TI Theory of diffusion-accommodated grain rotation in columnar polycrystalline microstructures SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE grain rotation; grain growth ID GROWTH; CREEP; FILMS AB A dynamical theory of grain rotation in columnar polycrystalline microstructures is developed based on the theory of diffusion-accommodated grain-boundary sliding by Raj and Ashby. The driving force for rotation of any given grain is given by the aggregate torque on the grain, i.e., by the weighted sum of the energy derivatives with respect to the misorientations of all the grain boundaries delimiting the grain. Analogous to the Raj-Ashby theory. grain rotation is viewed as a sliding problem on the periphery of the grain; the necessary changes in the grain shape during rotation are assumed to be accommodated by diffusion either through the grain boundaries or through the grain interiors. Our main result is an analytic expression for the rate of rotation of a grain of arbitrary shape as a function of the grain size and temperature. This expression reduces to an earlier result of Harris et al. for the special case of a regular-hexaggonal grain shape. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Moldovan, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Phillpot, Simon/J-9117-2012; OI Phillpot, Simon/0000-0002-7774-6535 NR 18 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 17 BP 3521 EP 3532 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00240-3 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 480DA UT WOS:000171445700013 ER PT J AU Hearn, AS Stroupe, ME Cabelli, DE Lepock, JR Tainer, JA Nick, HS Silverman, DN AF Hearn, AS Stroupe, ME Cabelli, DE Lepock, JR Tainer, JA Nick, HS Silverman, DN TI Kinetic analysis of product inhibition in human manganese superoxide dismutase SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ACTIVE-SITE; THERMUS-THERMOPHILUS; CATALYSIS; ENZYME; GLUTAMINE-143; TYROSINE-34; RADIOLYSIS AB Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) cycles between the Mn(ll) and Mn(III) states during the catalyzed disproportionation Of O-2(.-), a catalysis that is limited at micromolar levels of superoxide by a peroxide-inhibited complex with the metal. We have investigated the role in catalysis and inhibition of the conserved residue Trp161 which forms a hydrophobic side of the active site cavity of MnSOD. Crystal structures of mutants of human MnSOD in which Trp161 was replaced with Ala or Phe showed significant conformational changes on adjacent residues near the active site, particularly Gln143 and Tyr34 which in wild-type MnSOD participate in a hydrogen bond network believed to support proton transfer during catalysis. Using pulse radiolysis and observing the UV absorbance of superoxide, we have determined rate constants for the catalytic dismutation of superoxide. In addition, the rates of formation and dissociation of the product-inhibited complex of these mutants were determined by direct observation of the characteristic visible absorption of the oxidized and inhibited states. Catalysis by W161A and W161F MnSOD was associated with a decrease of at least 100-fold in the catalytic rate of reduction of superoxide, which then promotes a competing pathway leading to product inhibition. The structural changes caused by the mutations at position 161 led to small changes, at most a 6-fold decrease, in the rate constant for formation of the inhibited complex. Solvent hydrogen isotope effects support a mechanism in which formation of this complex, presumably the peroxide dianion bound to the manganese, involves no rate-contributing proton transfer; however, the dissociation of the complex requires proton transfer to generate HO2- or H2O2. C1 Univ Florida, Ctr Hlth, Dept Pharmacol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Neurosci, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. RP Silverman, DN (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Hlth, Dept Pharmacol, Box 100267, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL39593]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM54903, GM48495] NR 31 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 40 BP 12051 EP 12058 DI 10.1021/bi011047f PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 481CV UT WOS:000171503100009 PM 11580280 ER PT J AU Gallagher, SC Gao, ZH Li, SP Dyer, B Trewhella, J Klee, CB AF Gallagher, SC Gao, ZH Li, SP Dyer, B Trewhella, J Klee, CB TI There is communication between all four Ca2+-bindings sites of calcineurin B SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; CA2+ BINDING; MULTIDIMENSIONAL NMR; TROPONIN-C; AMINO-ACID; CALMODULIN; PEPTIDE; CALCIUM; TARGET AB We have used site-directed mutagenesis, flow dialysis, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to study Ca2+-binding to the regulatory component of calcineurin. Single Glu-Gln(E --> Q) mutations were used to inactivate each of the four Ca2+-binding sites of CnB in turn, generating mutants Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, with the number indicating which Ca2+ site is inactivated. The binding data derived from flow dialysis reveal two pairs of sites in the wild-type protein, one pair with very high affinity and the other with lower affinity Ca2+-binding sites. Also, only three sites are titratable in the wild-type protein because one site cannot be decalcified. Mutation of site 2 leaves the protein with only two titratable sites, while mutation of sites 1, 3, or 4 leave three titratable sites that are mostly filled with 3 Ca2+ equiv added. The binding data further show that each of the single-site mutations Q2, Q3, and Q4 affects the affinities of at least one of the remaining sites. Mutation in either of sites 3 or 4 results in a protein with no high-affinity sites, indicating communication between the two high-affinity sites, most likely sites 3 and 4. Mutation in site 2 decreases the affinity of all three remaining sites, though still leaving two relatively high-affinity sites. The FTIR data support the conclusions from the binding data with respect to the number of titratable sites as well as the impact of each mutation on the affinities of the remaining sites. We conclude therefore that there is communication between all four Ca2+-binding sites. In addition, the Ca2+ induced changes in the FTIR spectra for the wild-type and Q4 mutant are most similar, suggesting that the same three Ca2+-binding sites are being titrated, i.e., site 4 is the very high-affinity site under the conditions of the FTIR experiments. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl Canc Ctr Inst, Biochem Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Trewhella, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Trewhella, Jill/0000-0002-8555-6766 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM40528] NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 40 BP 12094 EP 12102 DI 10.1021/bi0025060 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 481CV UT WOS:000171503100013 PM 11580284 ER PT J AU Kornilova, AY Wishart, JF Ogawa, MY AF Kornilova, AY Wishart, JF Ogawa, MY TI Effect of surface charges on the rates of intermolecular electron-transfer between de novo designed metalloproteins SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HELICAL COILED-COILS; CYTOCHROME-C; LEUCINE-ZIPPER; BETA-SHEET; PROTEIN; COMPLEXES; BUNDLES; MODELS AB A de novo designed coiled-coil metalloprotein was prepared that uses electrostatic interactions to control both its conformational and bimolecular electron-transfer properties. The title protein exists as a coiled-coil heterodimer of the [Ru(trpy)(bpy)-KK(37-mer)] and [Ru(NH3)(5)-EE(37-mer)] polypeptides which is formed by interhelix electrostatic attractions. Circular dichroism studies show that the electrostatic heterodimer has Kd 0.19 +/- 0.03 muM and is 96% helical at high concentrations. Intercomplex electron-transfer reactions were studied that involve the [Ru(NH3)(5)-H21](2+) electron-donor and the [Ru(trpy)(bpy)H21](3+) electron-acceptor belonging to different electrostatic dimers. An important feature of the designed metalloprotein is its two cationic redox centers embedded within protein surfaces having opposite charge. Thus, the Ru-II(NH3)5-H21 site was placed on the surface of one chain of the coiled-coil which was made to be positively charged, and the Ru-III(trpy)(bpy)-H21 site was placed on the surface of the other chain which was negatively charged. The rates of intermolecular electron-transfer increased from (1.9 +/- 0.4) x 10(7) M-1 s(-1) to (3.7 +/- 0.5) x 107 M-1 s(-1) as the ionic strength was increased from 0.01 to 0.20 M. This indicates that the electrostatic repulsion between the ruthenium centers dominates the kinetics of these reactions. However, the presence of the oppositely charged protein surfaces in the coiled-coils creates an electrostatic recognition domain that substantially ameliorates the effects of this repulsion. C1 Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Chem, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ogawa, MY (reprint author), Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Chem, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. RI Wishart, James/L-6303-2013 OI Wishart, James/0000-0002-0488-7636 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 61171] NR 32 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 40 BP 12186 EP 12192 DI 10.1021/bi011156u PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 481CV UT WOS:000171503100023 PM 11580294 ER PT J AU Tetenbaum, J Miller, LM AF Tetenbaum, J Miller, LM TI A new spectroscopic approach to examining the role of disulfide bonds in the structure and unfolding of soybean trypsin inhibitor SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; DECONVOLVED FTIR SPECTRA; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; ERYTHRINA-CAFFRA; PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR AB Although it is well-known that disulfide bonds stabilize the secondary structure of many proteins, it is difficult to directly probe both disulfide bond formation/breakage and the resulting secondary structural changes during the course of the protein folding/unfolding process. In this work, we have used a new, real-time spectroscopic approach to examine how the reduction of two disulfide bonds affects the secondary structure of soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI). The disulfide bonds are reduced with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) at 40 degreesC, and the reduction process is probed in real-time using sulfur X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Circular dichroism (CD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies are used concurrently to determine the structural changes caused by reduction of the disulfide bonds. Results demonstrate a noncooperative reduction of the two disulfide bonds within 5 min, likely because they are located on the surface of the protein. The unfolding of STI tags behind; dramatic changes are not observed until 60-90 min after the reduction was initiated. The CD and FTIR spectra indicate a decrease in the of extended (hydrated) coil, suggesting that the STI structure slowly collapses after the disulfide bonds are reduced. Thus, although the disulfide bonds are not located near the active site of STI, they play a crucial role in stabilizing the protein structure, which is necessary to sustain enzymatic activity. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Miller, LM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Novatt, Jaclyn/H-3459-2013 OI Novatt, Jaclyn/0000-0002-3906-3469 NR 23 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 40 BP 12215 EP 12219 DI 10.1021/bi010796u PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 481CV UT WOS:000171503100026 PM 11580297 ER PT J AU Kaji, H Schmidt-Rohr, K AF Kaji, H Schmidt-Rohr, K TI Conformation and dynamics of atactic poly(acrylonitrile). 2. Torsion angle distributions in meso dyads from two-dimensional solid-state double-quantum C-13 NMR SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; POLYACRYLONITRILE AB The average trans torsion angles and their distributions have been investigated for meso dyads in a disordered crystalline polymer, atactic poly(acrylonitrile) (aPAN), by two-dimensional (2D) solid-state C-13 double-quantum NMR spectroscopy (DOQSY). The 2D DOQSY spectra of an aPAN sample with C-13-labeled nitrile side groups show significant deviations from the ideal trans conformations. The C-13 equivalent toN bonds in meso trans-trans dyads make an average angle of 20 degrees with each other, with distributions of 25 degrees standard deviation. This translates into standard deviations of sigma = 20 degrees for the two successive torsion angles in these dyads, The experimental spectrum constrains the average torsion angles to a line between (+160 +/- 10 degrees, +160 +/- 10 degrees) and (+/- 170 +/- 5 degrees, -/+ 170 +/- 5 degrees), with distributions of standard deviation sigma = 20 +/- 5 degrees for both torsion angles. It is also confirmed that the trans:gauche ratio of backbone bonds in aPAN is 90:10 (+/-5%). The high trans content is apparently enabled by the torsion angle deviations from the ideal trans state in meso trans-trans dyads, which alleviate the steric hindrance and the large electric dipole interaction between the CN groups and thus lower the intramolecular conformational energy. C1 Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kaji, H (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. NR 31 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 21 BP 7368 EP 7381 DI 10.1021/ma010657k PG 14 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 479CL UT WOS:000171386300024 ER PT J AU Kaji, H Schmidt-Rohr, K AF Kaji, H Schmidt-Rohr, K TI Conformation and dynamics of atactic poly(acrylonitrile). 3. Characterization of local structure by two-dimensional H-2-C-13 solid-state NMR SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLYACRYLONITRILE; FORM AB The detailed conformational structure of a disordered crystalline polymer, atactic poly(acrylonitrile) (aPAN), has been characterized by two-dimensional (2D) NMR experiments. A solid-state H-2-C-13 heteronuclear multiple-quantum correlation (HMQC) NMR experiment has been applied to an aPAN sample containing both alpha -hydrogen- deuterated and C-13 dropN-carbon-labeled repeat units. The 2D spectrum yields information in particular on the two successive torsion angles in racemo trans-trans dyads. Their average values are found as (180 +/- 5 degrees, 180 +/- 5 degrees), with distributions of standard deviation sigma = 10 +/- 5 degrees for both torsion angles. The torsion angles and their distributions in racemo trans-trans dyads thus obtained are closer to the ideal trans conformation than are those in meso trans-trans dyads determined by 2D double-quantum solid-state NMR spectroscopy on a C-13 dropN-carbon-labeled aPAN sample. The differences are considered to originate from larger steric hindrance and larger electric dipole interaction between the C dropN groups in meso trans-trans dyads. The experimental spectra are also compared with those calculated for three models for PAN proposed in the literature. Further detailed analyses of the 2D spectra and their projections have also yielded information on intermolecular side group alignments. There are indications that the C-13 dropN side groups are oriented preferentially along the crystalline lattice directions a, b, and -(a + b) in the hexagonal lattice. Intermolecular antiparallel alignments of C dropN groups, often found in organic nitrile compounds, have not been observed in the 2D spectra. C1 Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kaji, H (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 34 IS 21 BP 7382 EP 7391 DI 10.1021/ma010658c PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 479CL UT WOS:000171386300025 ER PT J AU Knowlton, RC Laxer, KD Klein, G Sawrie, S Ende, G Hawkins, RA Aassar, OS Soohoo, K Wong, S Barbaro, N AF Knowlton, RC Laxer, KD Klein, G Sawrie, S Ende, G Hawkins, RA Aassar, OS Soohoo, K Wong, S Barbaro, N TI In vivo hippocampal glucose metabolism in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; FDG-PET; REGIONAL HYPOMETABOLISM; NEURONAL DENSITY; VOLUME; MRI; HYPERMETABOLISM; LOCALIZATION; SEIZURES; ATROPHY AB Background: The appearance of decreased 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) uptake in the mesial temporal region in temporal lobe epilepsy may simply reflect loss of gray matter due to hippocampal atrophy. Increased partial volume effects due to atrophic hippocampi may further increase appearance of hypometabolism. Methods: The authors used a combination of MRI-PET coregistration, with MRI-based gray matter segmentation, and partial volume correction to improve the examination of hippocampal specific glucose uptake in FDG PET. The goal was to determine 1) if relative mesial temporal hypometabolism is an artifact of gray matter (hippocampal) atrophy, 2) whether hippocampal metabolism correlates with atrophy evaluated on MRI, and 3) if MRI-based partial volume correction influences measurement of hippocampal metabolic-volume relationships, including epilepsy lateralization. Results: Findings showed that ipsilateral hippocampi of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) are relatively hypometabolic per unit of gray matter volume, and that hippocampal metabolism directly correlates with hippocampal volume. Specifically, partial volume corrected hippocampal metabolism correlated strongly (r = 0.613, p < 0.001) with hippocampal volume. Without partial volume correction, a weaker, but still significant, correlation was present (r = 0.482, p < 0.001). Degree of asymmetry was consistently greater and provided higher sensitivity of lateralization with partial volume vs non-partial volume corrected metabolic measurements. Conclusions: Although, decreased metabolism may occur in the absence of neuronal cell loss, hippocampal atrophy and presumed degree of neuronal cell loss appears to be a primary factor involved in the cause of decreased metabolism in epileptogenic hippocampi. Partial volume correction is recommended for optimal interpretation of hippocampal structure and function relationships. C1 Cent Inst Mental Hlth, NMR Res Psychiat, D-6800 Mannheim, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurosurg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Lab Radiol Informat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Nucl Med, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Neurol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Knowlton, RC (reprint author), UAB Epilepsy Ctr, CIRC 312,1719 6th Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RI Ende, Gabriele/B-7012-2009 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS31966-05A1]; PHS HHS [R01 36007-03] NR 35 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 57 IS 7 BP 1184 EP 1190 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 479QQ UT WOS:000171415400007 PM 11591833 ER PT J AU Opresko, DM Baron-Szabo, RC AF Opresko, DM Baron-Szabo, RC TI Reevaluation of Tropidopathes saliciformis Silberfeld: A hydroid originally identified as an antipatharian coral SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article AB Tropidopathes saliciformis Silberfeld (1909) was originally identified as an antipatharian coral growing over a hydroid colony. A re-examination of the type specimen revealed no evidence of any antipatharian skeletal material on the hydroid, and it is assumed that the lower parts of the hydrocauli of the hydroid, which lacked hydrocladia, had been mistaken for antipatharian sclerenchyme. The hydroid was subsequently identified by Stechow (1913) as Halicornaria ishikawai Stechow, 1907 (now known as Gymnangium ishikawai). Therefore, the genus Tropidopathes is herein removed from the Antipatharia, and for nomenclatural purposes, Tropidopathes saliciformis Silberfeld is considered a junior subjective synonym of Gymnangium ishikawai (Stechow). C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Paleontol, Erlangen, Germany. RP Opresko, DM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0006-324X J9 P BIOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 114 IS 3 BP 788 EP 793 PG 6 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 484DL UT WOS:000171674900022 ER PT J AU Templeton, AS Trainor, TP Traina, SJ Spormann, AM Brown, GE AF Templeton, AS Trainor, TP Traina, SJ Spormann, AM Brown, GE TI Pb(II) distributions at biofilm-metal oxide interfaces SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID RAY STANDING WAVES; SURFACE FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; ORGANIC-MATTER; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; SORPTION; ADSORPTION; FLUORESCENCE; COMPONENTS; SEDIMENTS; BACTERIA AB The distribution of aqueous Pb(II) sorbed at the interface between Burkholderia cepacia biofilms and hematite (alpha -Fe2O3) or corundum (alpha -Al2O3) surfaces has been probed by using an application of the long-period x-ray standing wave technique. Attached bacteria and adsorbed organic matter may interfere with sorption processes on metal oxide surfaces by changing the characteristics of the electrical double layer at the solid-solution interface, blocking surface sites, or providing a variety of new sites for metal binding. In this work, Pb L-alpha fluorescence yield profiles for samples equilibrated with 10(-7) to 10(-3.8) M Pb(II) were measured and modeled to determine quantitatively the partitioning of Pb(II) at the biofilm-metal oxide interface. Our data show that the reactive sites on the metal oxide surfaces were not passivated by the formation of a monolayer biofilm. Instead, high-energy surface sites on the metal oxides form the dominant sink for Pb(II) at submicromolar concentrations, following the trend alpha -Fe2O3 (0001) > alpha -Al2O3 (11-over-bar-02) > alpha -Al2O3 (0001), despite the greater site density within the overlying biofilms. At [Pb] > 10(-6) M, significant Pb uptake by the biofilms was observed. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94035 USA. Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Templeton, AS (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94035 USA. OI TEMPLETON, ALEXIS/0000-0002-9670-0647 NR 47 TC 94 Z9 98 U1 3 U2 27 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 21 BP 11897 EP 11902 DI 10.1073/pnas.201150998 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 482DE UT WOS:000171558900016 PM 11572932 ER PT J AU Kivelson, SA Aeppli, G Emery, VJ AF Kivelson, SA Aeppli, G Emery, VJ TI Thermodynamics of the interplay between magnetism and high-temperature superconductivity SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID T-J MODEL; MUON SPIN ROTATION; PHASE-DIAGRAM; DOPED ANTIFERROMAGNETS; NORMAL-STATE; STRIPE ORDER; LA2-XSRXCUO4; UPT3; LA1.6-XND0.4SRXCUO4; LA2-XBAXCUO4 AB Copper-oxide-based high-temperature superconductors have complex phase diagrams with multiple ordered phases. It even appears that the highest superconducting transition temperatures for certain cuprates are found in samples that display simultaneous onset of magnetism and superconductivity. We show here how the thermodynamics of fluid mixtures-a touchstone for chemistry as well as hard and soft condensed matter physics-accounts for this startling observation, as well as many other properties of the cuprates in the vicinity of the instability toward "striped" magnetism. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NEC Res Inst, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Kivelson, SA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM stevek@physics.ucla.edu NR 60 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 21 BP 11903 EP 11907 DI 10.1073/pnas.211363698 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 482DE UT WOS:000171558900017 PM 11593001 ER PT J AU Krtolica, A Parrinello, S Lockett, S Desprez, PY Campisi, J AF Krtolica, A Parrinello, S Lockett, S Desprez, PY Campisi, J TI Senescent fibroblasts promote epithelial cell growth and tumorigenesis: A link between cancer and aging SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID REPLICATIVE SENESCENCE; IN-VIVO; TELOMERASE; SKIN; AGE; IMMORTALIZATION; TRANSCRIPTION; KERATINOCYTES; ACCUMULATION; MUTATIONS AB Mammalian cells can respond to damage or stress by entering a state of arrested growth and altered function termed cellular senescence. Several lines of evidence suggest that the senescence response suppresses tumorigenesis. Cellular senescence is also thought to contribute to aging, but the mechanism is not well understood. We show that senescent human fibroblasts stimulate premalignant and malignant, but not normal, epithelial cells to proliferate in culture and form tumors in mice. in culture, the growth stimulation was evident when senescent cells comprised only 10% of the fibroblast population and was equally robust whether senescence was induced by replicative exhaustion, oncogenic RAS, p14(ARF), or hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, it was due at least in part to soluble and insoluble factors secreted by senescent cells. In mice, senescent, much more than presenescent, fibroblasts caused premalignant and malignant epithelial cells to form tumors. our findings suggest that, although cellular senescence suppresses tumorigenesis early in life, it may promote cancer in aged organisms, suggesting it is an example of evolutionary antagonistic pleiotropy. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Calif Pacific Med Ctr, Geraldine Brush Canc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. RP Campisi, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA82548, R01 CA082548]; NIA NIH HHS [R37 AG009909, AG09909] NR 34 TC 674 Z9 705 U1 6 U2 35 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 9 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 21 BP 12072 EP 12077 DI 10.1073/pnas.211053698 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 482DE UT WOS:000171558900046 PM 11593017 ER PT J AU Kent, PRC Zunger, A AF Kent, PRC Zunger, A TI Nitrogen pairs, triplets, and clusters in GaAs and GaP SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ALLOYS; EXCITONS; STATES; BAND; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; EVOLUTION; RANGE AB The electronic and atomic structure of substitutional nitrogen pairs, triplets, and clusters in GaP and GaAs is studied using the multiband empirical pseudopotential method with atomistically relaxed supercells. A single nitrogen impurity creates a localized a(1)(N) gap state in GaP, but in GaAs, the state is resonant above the conduction-band minimum. We show how the interaction of multiple a(1) impurity levels, for more than one nitrogen, results in a nonmonotonic relationship between energy level and impurity separation. We assign the lowest (NN1) line in GaP to a [2,2,0] oriented pair, the second (NN2) line to a triplet of nitrogen atoms, and identify the origin of a deeper observed level as an [1,1,0] oriented triplet. We also demonstrate that small nitrogen clusters readily create very deep levels in both GaP and GaAs. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Kent, PRC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Kent, Paul/A-6756-2008; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 OI Kent, Paul/0000-0001-5539-4017; NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 15 BP 2339 EP 2341 DI 10.1063/1.1408275 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 478RL UT WOS:000171359100011 ER PT J AU Cho, HM Andresen, YT Clarke, J DiIorio, MS Yang, KY Yoshizumi, S AF Cho, HM Andresen, YT Clarke, J DiIorio, MS Yang, KY Yoshizumi, S TI Low-frequency noise in high-transition-temperature superconducting multilayer magnetometers in ambient magnetic fields SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Each magnetometer consisted of a dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), with the YBa2Cu3O7-x washer patterned into 4 mum lines, coupled to a multiturn, multilayer flux transformer containing flux dams. The noise at 1 Hz did not increase when bare SQUIDs or magnetometers were cooled and operated in fields up to values well above the magnetic field of the earth. When the magnetic field was changed, the noise in a bare SQUID was constant up to a threshold field of 12 muT. The addition of a flux transformer containing flux dams increased the magnetic field sensitivity by a factor of 43, while reducing the threshold field only moderately, to 5 muT. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MagneSensors Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Cho, HM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 79 IS 15 BP 2438 EP 2440 DI 10.1063/1.1410344 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 478RL UT WOS:000171359100044 ER PT J AU Cline, JI Lorenz, KT Wade, EA Barr, JW Chandler, DW AF Cline, JI Lorenz, KT Wade, EA Barr, JW Chandler, DW TI Ion imaging measurement of collision-induced rotational alignment in Ar-NO scattering SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; PRESERVING PROPENSITIES; COUNTERPROPAGATING BEAM; PHOTOFRAGMENTATION; POLARIZATION; VELOCITY; PRODUCTS; HE AB Collision-induced rotational alignment of NO X(2)Pi (1/2)(upsilon =0, j=8.5) is measured for rotationally inelastic scattering of NO X(2)Pi (1/2)(v=0, j=0.5) with Ar at 65 meV collision energy. The experiments are performed by velocity-mapped ion imaging with polarized 1+1' REMPI probing of the scattered NO products. It is shown that the azimuthal information intrinsic to imaging detection allows the measurement of additional alignment moments not previously reported. The measured alignment shows only qualitative agreement with the predictions of the kinematic apse conservation model. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Nevada, Chem Phys Program, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Cline, JI (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Reno, NV 89557 USA. NR 24 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 115 IS 14 BP 6277 EP 6280 DI 10.1063/1.1409351 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 480RK UT WOS:000171475800001 ER PT J AU Wang, HB Manolopoulos, DE Miller, WH AF Wang, HB Manolopoulos, DE Miller, WH TI Generalized Filinov transformation of the semiclassical initial value representation SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NONADIABATIC QUANTUM DYNAMICS; COMPLEX MOLECULAR-SYSTEMS; THERMAL RATE CONSTANTS; TIME-CORRELATION FUNCTIONS; WAVE-PACKET PROPAGATION; REAL-TIME; LINEARIZED APPROXIMATION; WAVEPACKET PROPAGATION; PATH INTEGRATION; PHASE SPACE AB An efficient method is proposed for the practical solution of the "sign" problem for integrals involved in the semiclassical initial value representation. It is based on a generalization of the conventional Filinov filtering procedure which has the (approximate) effect of incorporating complex initial conditions into the phase space average; it does this by including an explicit oscillatory term in the filtering function that partially cancels the oscillatory part of the original integrand. A systematic procedure is also described for making an optimal choice of the "smoothing parameters," thus removing this arbitrariness in the overall approach. Tests on systems with chaotic dynamics demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the method. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Kenneth S Pitzer Ctr Theoret Chem, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Miller, WH (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RI Wang, Haobin/E-1208-2011 NR 76 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 115 IS 14 BP 6317 EP 6326 DI 10.1063/1.1402992 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 480RK UT WOS:000171475800008 ER PT J AU Dixon, DA Peterson, KA AF Dixon, DA Peterson, KA TI Heats of formation of CCl and CCl2 from ab initio quantum chemistry SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; BASIS-SET CONVERGENCE; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; TRIPLE EXCITATIONS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; CF2; SPECTROSCOPY; CONSTANTS; ENERGIES; BORON AB High level ab initio electronic structure theory has been used to calculate the heats of formation of CCl and CCl2. The calculations were done at the CCSD(T) level with new correlation-consistent basis sets up through augmented hextuple-zeta including tight d functions on the Cl and then extrapolated to the complete basis set limit. Additional corrections for core/valence-correlation, relativistic effects both scalar and atomic spin-orbit, and zero-point energies have been included. The heat of formation at 0 K of CCl is 103.1 +/-0.4 kcal/mol and that of CCl2 is 55.1 +/-0.4 kcal/mol. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dixon, DA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 115 IS 14 BP 6327 EP 6329 DI 10.1063/1.1402167 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 480RK UT WOS:000171475800009 ER PT J AU Kolczewski, C Puttner, R Plashkevych, O Agren, H Staemmler, V Martins, M Snell, G Schlachter, AS Sant'Anna, M Kaindl, G Pettersson, LGM AF Kolczewski, C Puttner, R Plashkevych, O Agren, H Staemmler, V Martins, M Snell, G Schlachter, AS Sant'Anna, M Kaindl, G Pettersson, LGM TI Detailed study of pyridine at the C1s and N1s ionization thresholds: The influence of the vibrational fine structure SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ABINITIO CALCULATIONS; RESTRICTED-STEP; MOLECULE; APPROXIMATION; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; ENERGY; STATES; ABSORPTION; RESONANCES AB High resolution, vibrationally resolved, near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra at the C 1s and N 1s ionization thresholds of pyridine and deuterated d(5)-pyridine in the gas phase have been recorded. The high resolution of 65 meV (150 meV) at the C s (N 1s) ionization thresholds reveals vibrational structures in the spectra. Detailed ab initio and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to interpret the experimental spectra and to assign the observed peaks. In particular we focused on the previously unexplained intensity ratio for the two components of the C1s -->1 pi* transition. For this transition the vibrational structure is included through a linear coupling model in the DFT calculations and leads to the experimentally observed similar to2:3 intensity ratio between the two pi* components in the C1s spectrum rather than the similar to3:2 ratio obtained without vibrational effects. After inclusion of relaxation effects in the excited states, in addition to the vibrational effects, both theoretical methods yield almost perfect agreement with experiment. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Ruhr Univ Bochum, Lehrstuhl Theoret Chem, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Free Univ Berlin, Inst Expt Phys, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Royal Inst Technol, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Stockholm Ctr Phys Astron & Biotechnol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Kolczewski, C (reprint author), Ruhr Univ Bochum, Lehrstuhl Theoret Chem, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. RI Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Sant'Anna, Marcelo/B-9355-2013; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013; Agren, Hans/H-7715-2016; OI Sant'Anna, Marcelo/0000-0001-5342-5799; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934; Plashkevych, Oleksandr/0000-0003-3382-4279; Martins, Michael/0000-0002-1228-5029 NR 39 TC 164 Z9 164 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 115 IS 14 BP 6426 EP 6437 DI 10.1063/1.1397797 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 480RK UT WOS:000171475800022 ER PT J AU da Silva, AF Araujo, CM Sernelius, BE Persson, C Ahuja, R Johansson, B AF da Silva, AF Araujo, CM Sernelius, BE Persson, C Ahuja, R Johansson, B TI Influence of Si doping on optical properties of wurtzite GaN SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Doping Issues in Wide Band-Gap Semiconductors CY MAR 21-23, 2001 CL UNIV EXETER, EXETER, ENGLAND HO UNIV EXETER ID III-V NITRIDES; DOPED GAN; BAND; SEMICONDUCTORS; SI-P,BI; SHIFT; DONOR AB The band gap shift (BGS) of Si-doped wurtzite GaN for impurity concentrations spanning the insulating to the metallic regimes has been investigated at low temperature. The critical impurity concentration for the metal-non-metal transition is estimated from the generalized Drude approach for the resistivity to be about 1.0 x 10(18) cm(-3). The calculations for the BGS were carried out within a framework of the random phase approximation, taking into account the electron-electron, electron-optical phonon, and electron-ion interactions. In the wake of very recent photoluminescence measurements, we have shown and discussed the possible transitions involved in the experimental results. C1 Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Fis, BR-40210340 Salvador, BA, Brazil. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. RP da Silva, AF (reprint author), Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Fis, BR-40210340 Salvador, BA, Brazil. RI Araujo, Moyses/L-6135-2013; Sernelius, Bo/I-4566-2012 OI Araujo, Moyses/0000-0001-5192-0016; Sernelius, Bo/0000-0002-6281-868X NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 13 IS 40 BP 8891 EP 8899 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 495CQ UT WOS:000172323000004 ER PT J AU Persson, C Sernelius, BE da Silva, AF Ahuja, R Johansson, B AF Persson, C Sernelius, BE da Silva, AF Ahuja, R Johansson, B TI Effective electron and hole masses in intrinsic and heavily n-type doped GaN and AlN SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Doping Issues in Wide Band-Gap Semiconductors CY MAR 21-23, 2001 CL UNIV EXETER, EXETER, ENGLAND HO UNIV EXETER ID BAND-STRUCTURE; APPROXIMATION; SI AB We have investigated the electronic structure near the band edges in intrinsic and heavily n-type doped GaN and AlN. Both the wurtzite and the zincblende polytypes have been considered. The electronic structures of the intrinsic materials were obtained from a full-potential linearized augmented plane wave calculation. We show the importance of performing a fully relativistic calculation. For instance, the hole mass in cubic AIN is a very large and negative quantity if spin-orbit coupling is excluded, whereas the fully relativistic calculation gives a relatively small and positive value. The electron-phonon coupling was taken into account according to the Frohlich Hamiltonian for large polarons, resulting in effective polaron masses. The effects on the effective electron masses due to doping were investigated by using a Green's function formalism within the random phase approximation and with a local-field correction according to Hubbard. C1 Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Fis, BR-40210340 Salvador, BA, Brazil. RP Persson, C (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Box 530, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. RI Sernelius, Bo/I-4566-2012 OI Sernelius, Bo/0000-0002-6281-868X NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 13 IS 40 BP 8915 EP 8922 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/13/40/305 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 495CQ UT WOS:000172323000006 ER PT J AU Dobaczewski, J Nazarewicz, W Reinhard, PG AF Dobaczewski, J Nazarewicz, W Reinhard, PG TI Pairing interaction and self-consistent densities in neutron-rich nuclei SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID BAND-CROSSING FREQUENCIES; FIELD-THEORY; DRIP-LINE; MODEL; PARAMETRIZATION; CONTINUUM; FORCES AB Particle and pairing densities in spherical even-even neutron-rich nuclei are studied within the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approach with the density-dependent pairing interaction. The influence of the density dependence of the pairing interaction on asymptotic properties of nucleonic distributions are analyzed. It is demonstrated that the size of the neutron halo dramatically depends on the behavior of the pairing interaction at low density. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. RP Dobaczewski, J (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. NR 33 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 693 IS 1-2 BP 361 EP 373 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(01)00993-9 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 475WL UT WOS:000171192600021 ER PT J AU Millener, DJ AF Millener, DJ TI Structure of unstable light nuclei SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE shell-model; supermultiplet symmetry; weak-coupling model; Nilsson model; level widths; Coulomb energies ID SHELL-MODEL CALCULATIONS; NEUTRON-RICH ISOTOPES; MAGNETIC-MOMENT; GROUND-STATE; MONTE-CARLO; BETA-DECAY; BE-11; LI-11; B-14; SPECTROSCOPY AB The structure of light nuclei out to the drip lines and beyond up to Z similar to 8 is interpreted in terms of the shell model. Special emphasis is given to the underlying supermultiplet symmetry of the p-shell nuclei which form cores for neutrons and protons added in sd-shell orbits. Detailed results are given on the wave functions, widths, and Coulomb energy shifts for a wide range of non-normal parity states in the p-shell. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM millener@bnl.gov NR 100 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 693 IS 1-2 BP 394 EP 410 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(01)00589-9 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 475WL UT WOS:000171192600024 ER PT J AU Sagawa, H Esbensen, H AF Sagawa, H Esbensen, H TI Giant resonances in exotic nuclei SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE giant resonances; Coulomb excitations; halo nuclei; skin nuclei ID DRIP-LINE NUCLEI; COULOMB DISSOCIATION; LOW ENERGIES; EXCITATION; LI-11; B-8; ISOSCALAR; CAPTURE AB We discuss theoretical studies of the Giant Dipole (GDR) and Giant Quadrupole (GQR) Resonances in nuclei far from stability, based on self-consistent Hartree-Fock and RPA calculations. The soft dipole mode that has been observed in light halo nuclei is predicted to diminish in skin nuclei, due to couplings to the isovector GDR. However, some low-lying dipole strength is predicted to exist in the isoscalar channel as a compression mode. The isoscalar GQR is expected to be much broader in skin nuclei than in stable nuclei, and substantial strength is predicted below the isoscalar GQR. The isovector GQR strength is spread over a wide range of excitation energies, both in skin and stable nuclei. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Aizu, Ctr Math Sci, Aizu Wakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sagawa, H (reprint author), Univ Aizu, Ctr Math Sci, Aizu Wakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan. NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 693 IS 1-2 BP 448 EP 462 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(01)00649-2 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 475WL UT WOS:000171192600027 ER PT J AU Hebecker, A March-Russell, J AF Hebecker, A March-Russell, J TI A minimal S-1/(Z(2) x Z '(2)) orbifold GUT SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES; PLANCK-SCALE PHYSICS; SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; UNIFICATION; WEAK; ELECTROWEAK; PREDICTIONS; SU(5); WORLD AB We investigate supersymmetric SU(5) grand unified theories (GUTs) realized in 5 space time dimensions and broken down to the MSSM by SU(5)-violating boundary conditions on a S-1/(Z(2) x Z(2)') orbifold with two 3-branes. The doublet-triplet splitting problem is entirely avoided by locating the MSSM Higgs doublets on the brane on which SU(5) is not a good symmetry. An extremely simple model is then described in which the MSSM matter is also located on this SU(5)-violating brane. Although this model does not unify the MSSM matter within SU(5) multiplets, it explains gauge coupling unification. A second model with MSSM matter in the SU(5)-symmetric bulk preserves both the SU(5) explanation of fern-don quantum numbers as well as gauge-coupling unification. Both models naturally avoid problematic SU(5) predictions for the Yukawa couplings of the first two generations and are consistent with proton decay constraints. We analyse the running of gauge couplings above the compactification scale in terms of a 5d effective action and derive the implications for the values of compactification scale, unification scale and of the scale at which the bulk gauge theory becomes strongly coupled. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Theory Grp, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hebecker, A (reprint author), CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. NR 35 TC 253 Z9 254 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 613 IS 1-2 BP 3 EP 16 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(01)00374-1 PG 14 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 484YN UT WOS:000171717400001 ER PT J AU Nomura, Y Smith, D Weiner, N AF Nomura, Y Smith, D Weiner, N TI GUT breaking on the brane SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID SOFTLY BROKEN SUPERSYMMETRY; GRAND-UNIFICATION; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; EXTRA DIMENSIONS; PROTON DECAY; SU(5); MODELS; SCALE; CONSERVATION; MASSES AB We present a five-dimensional supersymmetric SU(5) theory in which the gauge symmetry is broken maximally (i.e., at the 5D Planck scale M*) on the same 4D brane where chiral matter is localized. Masses of the lightest Kaluza-Klein modes for the colored Higgs and X and Y gauge fields are determined by the compactification scale of the fifth dimension, M-C similar to 10(15) GeV, rather than by M*. These fields' wave functions are repelled from the GUT-breaking brane, so that proton decay rates are suppressed below experimental limits. Above the compactification scale, the differences between the standard model gauge couplings evolve logarithmically, so that ordinary logarithmic gauge coupling unification is preserved. The maximal breaking of the grand unified group can also lead to other effects, such as O(1) deviations from SU(5) predictions of Yukawa couplings, even in models utilizing the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Nomura, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Nomura, Yasunori/0000-0002-1497-1479 NR 42 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 613 IS 1-2 BP 147 EP 166 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(01)00388-1 PG 20 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 484YN UT WOS:000171717400009 ER PT J AU Barenboim, G Botella, FJ Vives, O AF Barenboim, G Botella, FJ Vives, O TI Constraining models with vector-like fermions from FCNC in K and B physics SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID KOBAYASHI-MASKAWA MATRIX; BROKEN SUPERSYMMETRIC THEORIES; CHANGING NEUTRAL CURRENTS; CS-VERTICAL-BAR; CP ASYMMETRIES; STANDARD MODEL; DECAY K+->PI(+)NU(NU)OVER-BAR; E-6 UNIFICATION; CHIRAL LIMIT; W-DECAYS AB In this work we update the constraints on tree level FCNC couplings in the framework of a theory with n isosinglet vector-like down quarks. In this context, we emphasize the sensitivity of the B J/psi K-S CP asymmetry to the presence of new vector-like down quarks. This CP asymmetry, together with the rare decays B --> X(s,d)l (l) over bar and K --> pi nu<()over bar> are the best options to further constrain the FCNC tree level couplings or even to point out, in the near future, the possible presence of vector-like quarks in the low energy spectrum, as suggested by GUT theories or models of large extra dimensions at the TeV scale. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Fermilab Theory Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, CSIC, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain. Univ Valencia, IFIC, CSIC, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain. RP CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. EM vives@ific.uv.es RI Botella, Francisco J./J-9949-2014; Vives Garcia, Oscar/K-5074-2014 OI Botella, Francisco J./0000-0003-2235-2536; Vives Garcia, Oscar/0000-0002-7213-584X NR 85 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 613 IS 1-2 BP 285 EP 305 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(01)00390-X PG 21 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 484YN UT WOS:000171717400015 ER PT J AU Arms, DA Simmons, RO Schwoerer-Bohning, M Macrander, AT Graber, TJ AF Arms, DA Simmons, RO Schwoerer-Bohning, M Macrander, AT Graber, TJ TI Exciton dispersion and electronic excitations in hcp He-4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RAY-SCATTERING SPECTROSCOPY; CLUSTERS; HELIUM AB We present first measurements of the dispersion of excitons in solid helium, taken on a single hcp He-4 crystal along the c axis. In agreement with studies on helium clusters, the major energy-loss peak can be interpreted as an intermediate molecular-type exciton, as we do not observe Wannier-like excitations. The measurements are in the (0 0 2) periodic zone, with the exciton energy dispersing along the c axis with a minimum at the Gamma point. A calculated conduction band minimum at 31.0 eV above the valence band at Gamma is supported by our data at energies above the exciton energy, leading to an exciton binding energy of 8.4 eV. C1 Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Carnegie Inst Washington, HP CAT, Washington, DC 20015 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, User Program Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Consortium Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Arms, DA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, MHATT CAT, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM dohnarms@anl.gov NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 15 AR 156402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.156402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 480TV UT WOS:000171479600030 PM 11580715 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Palano, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Reinertsen, PL Stugu, B Abbott, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Clark, AR Fan, Q Gill, MS Gowdy, SJ Gritsan, A Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kluth, S Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Liu, T Lynch, G Meyer, AB Momayezi, M Oddone, PJ Perazzo, A Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, T Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Bright-Thomas, PG Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Kirk, A Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Koch, H Krug, J Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Andress, JC Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN De Groot, N Dyce, N Foster, B Mass, A McFall, JD Wallom, D Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Camanzi, B Jolly, S McKemey, AK Tinslay, J Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Dubrovin, MS Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Salnikov, AA Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Ahsan, A Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S Branson, JG MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Richman, JD Verkerke, W Witherell, M Yellin, S Beringer, J Dorfan, DE Eisner, AM Frey, A Grillo, AA Grothe, M Heusch, CA Johnson, RP Kroeger, W Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Sadrozinski, H Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Bloom, P Fahey, S Ford, WT Gaede, F Johnson, DR Michael, AK Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Sen, S Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Wagner, DL Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dahlinger, G Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Behr, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S Roussot, E T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Di Lodovico, F Khan, A Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Falbo, M Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Folegani, M Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Fabbricatore, P Farinon, S Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Musenich, R Pallavicini, M Parodi, R Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Priano, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Morii, M Bartoldus, R Dignan, T Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Benkebil, M Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM LePeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Valassi, A Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Fackler, O Fujino, D Lange, DJ Mugge, M Shi, X van Bibber, K Wenaus, TJ Wright, DM Wuest, CR Carroll, M Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Martin, R Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Back, JJ Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, RB Williams, MI Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Scott, I Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, A Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Simopoulos, ET Weatherall, JH Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Lin, CS Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Wittlin, J Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Britton, DI Milek, M Patel, PM Trischuk, J Lanni, F Palombo, F Bauer, JM Booke, M Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Martin, JP Nief, JY Seitz, R Taras, P Zacek, V Nicholson, H Sutton, CS Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Handler, T Brau, J Frey, R Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P De la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Le Diberder, F Leruste, P Lory, J Roos, L Stark, J Versille, S Manfredi, RF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, JH Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Bula, C Lu, C McDonald, KT Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, R Fratini, K Lamanna, E Leonardi, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R De Domenico, G Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Copty, N Purohit, MV Singh, H Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Anthony, PL Aston, D Baird, K Bartelt, J Bloom, E Boyarski, AM Bulos, F Calderini, G Claus, R Convery, MR Coupal, DP Coward, DH Dorfan, J Doser, M Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Godfrey, GL Grosso, P Himel, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Manzin, G Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Moffeit, KC Mount, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Rochester, LS Roodman, A Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Serbo, VV Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stahl, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Talby, M Tanaka, HA Trunov, A Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Kirkby, D Meyer, TI Roat, C De Silva, A Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Hart, E Weidemann, AW Benninger, T Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Turcotte, M Bianchi, F Bona, M Di Girolamo, B Gamba, D Smol, A Zanin, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Pompili, A Poropat, P Prest, M Vallazza, E Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Elmer, P Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Nielsen, J Orejudos, W Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Zobernig, H AF Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Palano, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Reinertsen, PL Stugu, B Abbott, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Clark, AR Fan, Q Gill, MS Gowdy, SJ Gritsan, A Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kluth, S Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Liu, T Lynch, G Meyer, AB Momayezi, M Oddone, PJ Perazzo, A Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, T Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Bright-Thomas, PG Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Kirk, A Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Koch, H Krug, J Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Andress, JC Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN De Groot, N Dyce, N Foster, B Mass, A McFall, JD Wallom, D Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Camanzi, B Jolly, S McKemey, AK Tinslay, J Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Dubrovin, MS Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Salnikov, AA Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Ahsan, A Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S Branson, JG MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Richman, JD Verkerke, W Witherell, M Yellin, S Beringer, J Dorfan, DE Eisner, AM Frey, A Grillo, AA Grothe, M Heusch, CA Johnson, RP Kroeger, W Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Sadrozinski, H Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Bloom, P Fahey, S Ford, WT Gaede, F Johnson, DR Michael, AK Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Sen, S Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Wagner, DL Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dahlinger, G Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Behr, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S Roussot, E T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Di Lodovico, F Khan, A Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Falbo, M Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Folegani, M Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Fabbricatore, P Farinon, S Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Musenich, R Pallavicini, M Parodi, R Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Priano, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Morii, M Bartoldus, R Dignan, T Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Benkebil, M Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM LePeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Valassi, A Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Fackler, O Fujino, D Lange, DJ Mugge, M Shi, X van Bibber, K Wenaus, TJ Wright, DM Wuest, CR Carroll, M Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Martin, R Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Back, JJ Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, RB Williams, MI Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Scott, I Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, A Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Simopoulos, ET Weatherall, JH Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Lin, CS Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Wittlin, J Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Britton, DI Milek, M Patel, PM Trischuk, J Lanni, F Palombo, F Bauer, JM Booke, M Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Martin, JP Nief, JY Seitz, R Taras, P Zacek, V Nicholson, H Sutton, CS Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Handler, T Brau, J Frey, R Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P De la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Le Diberder, F Leruste, P Lory, J Roos, L Stark, J Versille, S Manfredi, RF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, JH Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Bula, C Lu, C McDonald, KT Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, R Fratini, K Lamanna, E Leonardi, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R De Domenico, G Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Copty, N Purohit, MV Singh, H Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Anthony, PL Aston, D Baird, K Bartelt, J Bloom, E Boyarski, AM Bulos, F Calderini, G Claus, R Convery, MR Coupal, DP Coward, DH Dorfan, J Doser, M Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Godfrey, GL Grosso, P Himel, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Manzin, G Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Moffeit, KC Mount, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Rochester, LS Roodman, A Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Serbo, VV Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stahl, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Talby, M Tanaka, HA Trunov, A Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Kirkby, D Meyer, TI Roat, C De Silva, A Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Hart, E Weidemann, AW Benninger, T Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Turcotte, M Bianchi, F Bona, M Di Girolamo, B Gamba, D Smol, A Zanin, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Pompili, A Poropat, P Prest, M Vallazza, E Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Elmer, P Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Nielsen, J Orejudos, W Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Zobernig, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of the decays B ->phi K and B ->phi K - 151801 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CP-VIOLATION; B-DECAYS; PHYSICS; SEARCH AB We have observed the decays B --> phiK and phiK* in a sample of over 45 million B mesons collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II collider. The measured branching fractions are B(B(+)--> phiK(+)) = (7.7(-1.4)(+1.6)+/-0.8) x 10(-6), B(B(0)--> phiK(0)) = (8.1(-2.5)(+3.1)+/-0.8) x 10(-6), B(B(+)--> phiK*(+)) = (9.7(-3.4)(+4.2)+/-1.7) x 10(-6), and B(B(0)--> phiK*(0)) = (8.7(-2.1)(+2.5)+/-1.1) x 10(-6). We also report the upper limit B(B(+)--> phi pi (+)) < 1.4 x 10(-6) (90% C.L.). C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Dept Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Elon Univ, Elonege, NC 27244 USA. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ London, Imperial Coll, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London, Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico 2, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Frank, Edward/A-8865-2012; Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; Britton, David/F-2602-2010; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Valassi, Andrea/K-7506-2012; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Telnov, Valery/C-6900-2009; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lamanna, Ernesto/C-7658-2012; Pallavicini, Marco/G-5500-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016 OI Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; Britton, David/0000-0001-9998-4342; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Valassi, Andrea/0000-0001-9322-9565; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Egede, Ulrik/0000-0001-5493-0762; Telnov, Valery/0000-0002-8312-8119; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lamanna, Ernesto/0000-0002-7844-8230; Pallavicini, Marco/0000-0001-7309-3023; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288 NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 15 AR 151801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.151801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 480TV UT WOS:000171479600005 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Palano, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Reinertsen, PL Stugu, B Abbott, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Clark, AR Fan, Q Gill, MS Gowdy, SJ Gritsan, A Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kluth, S Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Liu, T Lynch, G Meyer, AB Momayezi, M Oddone, PJ Perazzo, A Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Bright-Thomas, PG Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Kirk, A Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Koch, H Krug, J Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Andress, JC Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN De Groot, N Dyce, N Foster, B Mass, A McFall, JD Wallom, D Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Camanzi, B Jolly, S McKemey, AK Tinslay, J Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Dubrovin, MS Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Salnikov, AA Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Ahsan, A Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S Branson, JG MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Richman, JD Verkerke, W Witherell, M Yellin, S Beringer, J Dorfan, DE Eisner, AM Frey, A Grillo, AA Grothe, M Heusch, CA Johnson, RP Kroeger, W Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Sadrozinski, H Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Bloom, P Fahey, S Ford, WT Gaede, F Johnson, DR Michael, AK Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Sen, S Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Wagner, DL Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dahlinger, G Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Behr, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S Roussot, E T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Falbo, M Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Folegani, M Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Fabbricatore, P Farinon, S Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Musenich, R Pallavicini, M Parodi, R Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Priano, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Morii, M Bartoldus, R Dignan, T Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Benkebil, M Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM LePeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Valassi, A Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Fackler, O Fujino, D Lange, DJ Mugge, M Shi, X van Bibber, K Wenaus, TJ Wright, DM Wuest, CR Carroll, M Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Martin, R Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Beck, JJ Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Williams, MI Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Scott, I Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, A Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Simopoulos, ET Weatherall, JH Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Lin, CS Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Wittlin, J Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Britton, DI Milek, M Patel, PM Trischuk, J Lanni, F Palombo, F Bauer, JM Booke, M Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Martin, JP Nief, JY Seitz, R Taras, P Zacek, V Nicholson, H Sutton, CS Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Handler, T Brau, J Frey, R Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P De la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Le Diberder, F Leruste, P Lory, J Roos, L Stark, J Versille, S Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, JH Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Bula, C Lu, C McDonald, KT Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Fratini, K Lamanna, E Leonardi, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R De Domenico, G Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Copty, N Purohit, MV Singh, H Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Anthony, PL Aston, D Baird, K Bloom, E Boyarski, AM Bulos, F Calderini, G Claus, R Convery, MR Coupal, DP Coward, DH Dorfan, J Doser, M Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Godfrey, GL Grosso, P Himel, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Manzin, G Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Moffeit, KC Mount, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Rochester, LS Roodman, A Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Serbo, VV Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stahl, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Talby, M Tanaka, HA Trunov, A Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Kirkby, D Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Hart, E Weidemann, AW Benninger, T Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Turcotte, M Bianchi, F Bona, M Di Girolamo, B Gamba, D Smol, A Zanin, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Pompili, A Poropat, P Prest, M Vallazza, E Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM De Silva, A Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Di Lodovico, F Elmer, P Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Nielsen, J Orejudos, W Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Zobernig, H Kordich, TMB Neal, H AF Aubert, B Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Palano, A Chen, GP Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Reinertsen, PL Stugu, B Abbott, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Clark, AR Fan, Q Gill, MS Gowdy, SJ Gritsan, A Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kluth, S Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF LeClerc, C Levi, ME Liu, T Lynch, G Meyer, AB Momayezi, M Oddone, PJ Perazzo, A Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Bright-Thomas, PG Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Kirk, A Knowles, DJ O'Neale, SW Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Koch, H Krug, J Kunze, M Lewandowski, B Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Andress, JC Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Chevalier, N Clark, PJ Cottingham, WN De Groot, N Dyce, N Foster, B Mass, A McFall, JD Wallom, D Wilson, FF Abe, K Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Camanzi, B Jolly, S McKemey, AK Tinslay, J Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Bukin, DA Buzykaev, AR Dubrovin, MS Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Korol, AA Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Salnikov, AA Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Telnov, VI Yushkov, AN Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Stoker, DP Ahsan, A Arisaka, K Buchanan, C Chun, S Branson, JG MacFarlane, DB Prell, S Rahatlou, S Raven, G Sharma, V Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hart, PA Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Richman, JD Verkerke, W Witherell, M Yellin, S Beringer, J Dorfan, DE Eisner, AM Frey, A Grillo, AA Grothe, M Heusch, CA Johnson, RP Kroeger, W Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Sadrozinski, H Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Metzler, S Oyang, J Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Weaver, M Yang, S Zhu, RY Devmal, S Geld, TL Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Bloom, P Fahey, S Ford, WT Gaede, F Johnson, DR Michael, AK Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Sen, S Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Wagner, DL Blouw, J Harton, JL Krishnamurthy, M Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dahlinger, G Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Behr, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Ferrag, S Roussot, E T'Jampens, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Anjomshoaa, A Bernet, R Khan, A Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Falbo, M Bozzi, C Dittongo, S Folegani, M Piemontese, L Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Xie, Y Zallo, A Bagnasco, S Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Fabbricatore, P Farinon, S Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Musenich, R Pallavicini, M Parodi, R Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Pia, MG Priano, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Morii, M Bartoldus, R Dignan, T Hamilton, R Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Fischer, PA Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Rosenberg, EI Benkebil, M Grosdidier, G Hast, C Hocker, A Lacker, HM LePeltier, V Lutz, AM Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Trincaz-Duvoid, S Valassi, A Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Fackler, O Fujino, D Lange, DJ Mugge, M Shi, X van Bibber, K Wenaus, TJ Wright, DM Wuest, CR Carroll, M Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, M Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gunawardane, NJW Martin, R Nash, JA Sanders, P Smith, D Azzopardi, DE Beck, JJ Dixon, P Harrison, PF Potter, RJL Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Williams, MI Cowan, G George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McGrath, P McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Scott, I Vaitsas, G Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Boyd, JT Forti, A Fullwood, J Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Savvas, N Simopoulos, ET Weatherall, JH Farbin, A Jawahery, A Lillard, V Olsen, J Roberts, DA Schieck, JR Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Lin, CS Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Wittlin, J Brau, B Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Britton, DI Milek, M Patel, PM Trischuk, J Lanni, F Palombo, F Bauer, JM Booke, M Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Martin, JP Nief, JY Seitz, R Taras, P Zacek, V Nicholson, H Sutton, CS Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C LoSecco, JM Alsmiller, JRG Gabriel, TA Handler, T Brau, J Frey, R Iwasaki, M Sinev, NB Strom, D Colecchia, F Dal Corso, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Michelon, G Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Torassa, E Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P De la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Le Diberder, F Leruste, P Lory, J Roos, L Stark, J Versille, S Manfredi, PF Re, V Speziali, V Frank, ED Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, JH Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Triggiani, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Turnbull, L Wagoner, DE Albert, J Bula, C Lu, C McDonald, KT Miftakov, V Schaffner, SF Smith, AJS Tumanov, A Varnes, EW Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Fratini, K Lamanna, E Leonardi, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Waldi, R Adye, T Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Xella, SM Aleksan, R De Domenico, G Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Serfass, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Copty, N Purohit, MV Singh, H Yumiceva, FX Adam, I Anthony, PL Aston, D Baird, K Bloom, E Boyarski, AM Bulos, F Calderini, G Claus, R Convery, MR Coupal, DP Coward, DH Dorfan, J Doser, M Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Godfrey, GL Grosso, P Himel, T Huffer, ME Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Manzin, G Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Moffeit, KC Mount, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Petrak, S Quinn, H Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Rochester, LS Roodman, A Schietinger, T Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Serbo, VV Snyder, A Soha, A Spanier, SM Stahl, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Talby, M Tanaka, HA Trunov, A Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Young, CC Burchat, PR Cheng, CH Kirkby, D Meyer, TI Roat, C Henderson, R Bugg, W Cohn, H Hart, E Weidemann, AW Benninger, T Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Turcotte, M Bianchi, F Bona, M Di Girolamo, B Gamba, D Smol, A Zanin, D Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Lanceri, L Pompili, A Poropat, P Prest, M Vallazza, E Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Brown, CM De Silva, A Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Charles, E Dasu, S Di Lodovico, F Elmer, P Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Nielsen, J Orejudos, W Pan, Y Prepost, R Scott, IJ Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, SL Yu, Z Zobernig, H Kordich, TMB Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of branching fractions and search for CP-violating charge asymmetries in charmless two-body B decays into pions and kaons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHYSICS; GAMMA AB We present measurements, based on a sample of approximately 23 x 10(6) B (B) over bar pairs, of the branching fractions and a search for CP-violating charge asymmetries in charmless hadronic decays of B mesons into two-body final states of kaons and pions. We find the branching fractions B(B-0--> pi (+)pi (-)) = (4.1 +/-1.0 +/-0.7) x 10(-6), B(B-0--> K(+)pi (-)) = (16.7 +/-1.6 +/-1.3) x 10(-6), B (B+-->K(+)pi (0)) = (10.8(-1.9)(+2.1)+/-1.0) x 10(-6), B(B+-->K(0)pi (+)) = (18.2(-3.0)(+3.3)+/-2.0) x 10(-6), B(B-0-->K(0)pi (0)) = (8.2(-2.7)(+3.1)+/-1.2) x 10(-6). We also report 90% confidence level upper limits for B meson decays to the pi (+)pi (0), K+K-, and (K) over bar K-0(+) final states. In addition, charge asymmetries have been found to be consistent with zero, where the statistical precision is in the range of +/-0.10 to +/-0.18, depending on the decay mode. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Dept Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Phys Expt, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Elon Univ, Elonege, NC 27244 USA. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ London, Imperial Coll, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London, Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico 2, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Valassi, Andrea/K-7506-2012; Telnov, Valery/C-6900-2009; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Lamanna, Ernesto/C-7658-2012; Pallavicini, Marco/G-5500-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; Britton, David/F-2602-2010; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Frank, Edward/A-8865-2012; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012 OI Wallom, David/0000-0001-7527-3407; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Vallazza, Erik Silvio/0000-0002-7465-7430; Watson, Nigel/0000-0002-8142-4678; Sciacca, Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072; Nielsen, Jason/0000-0002-9175-4419; Adye, Tim/0000-0003-0627-5059; Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103; Valassi, Andrea/0000-0001-9322-9565; Telnov, Valery/0000-0002-8312-8119; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Lamanna, Ernesto/0000-0002-7844-8230; Pallavicini, Marco/0000-0001-7309-3023; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; Britton, David/0000-0001-9998-4342; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; NR 19 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 15 AR 151802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.151802 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 480TV UT WOS:000171479600006 ER PT J AU Cheng, L Fenter, P Nagy, KL Schlegel, ML Sturchio, NC AF Cheng, L Fenter, P Nagy, KL Schlegel, ML Sturchio, NC TI Molecular-scale density oscillations in water adjacent to a mica surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-REFLECTIVITY; THIN LIQUID-FILMS; ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; HYDRATION FORCES; MONTE-CARLO; DIFFRACTION; CONTACT; ICE; TEMPERATURE; SIMULATION AB High-resolution specular x-ray reflectivity of the mica(001)-water interface under ambient conditions reveals oscillations in water oxygen density in the surface-normal direction, giving evidence of interfacial water ordering. The spacings between neighboring water layers in the near-surface, strongly oscillatory region are 2.5(2)-2.7(2) Angstrom, approximately the size of the water molecule. The density oscillations extend to about 10 Angstrom above the surface and do not strictly maintain a solvent-size periodicity as that in interfacial liquid metal and hard-sphere molecular liquids. We interpret this oscillatory density profile of the interfacial water as due to the "hard-wall" effect of the molecularly smooth mica surface. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Cheng, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Cheng, Likwan/C-1436-2013 NR 36 TC 233 Z9 234 U1 7 U2 84 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 15 AR 156103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.156103 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 480TV UT WOS:000171479600028 PM 11580713 ER PT J AU Montgomery, DS Focia, RJ Rose, HA Russell, DA Cobble, JA Fernandez, JC Johnson, RP AF Montgomery, DS Focia, RJ Rose, HA Russell, DA Cobble, JA Fernandez, JC Johnson, RP TI Observation of stimulated electron-acoustic-wave scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER-PRODUCED PLASMA; RAMAN-SCATTERING; HOT-SPOT; IGNITION AB A diffraction-limited laser interacts with a plasma whose conditions are uniform on the scale of the focused laser spot. Two distinct, narrow waves are observed in the backscattered spectrum with phase velocities of v(phi)/v(e) = 1.4 +/-0.08 and 4.2 +/-0.1, where v(e) is the electron thermal speed. The high-velocity wave is ordinary stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) from a Langmuir wave. The low-velocity wave corresponds to stimulated scattering from an electron-acoustic wave (SEAS), and implies strong electron trapping. Previous SRS data from low-density plasmas are reinterpreted in terms of SEAS. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. RP Montgomery, DS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Fernandez, Juan/H-3268-2011 OI Fernandez, Juan/0000-0002-1438-1815 NR 26 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 15 AR 155001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.155001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 480TV UT WOS:000171479600019 PM 11580704 ER PT J AU Paul, MR Cross, MC Fischer, PF Greenside, HS AF Paul, MR Cross, MC Fischer, PF Greenside, HS TI Power-law behavior of power spectra in low Prandtl number Rayleigh-Benard convection SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CYLINDRICAL CONTAINERS; TURBULENCE; INSTABILITY; ONSET; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS AB The origin of the power-law decay measured in the power spectra of low Prandtl number Rayleigh-Benard convection near the onset of chaos is addressed using long time numerical simulations of the three-dimensional Boussinesq equations in cylindrical domains. The power law is found to arise from quasidiscontinuous changes in the slope of the time series of the heat transport associated with the nucleation of dislocation pairs and roll pinch-off events. For larger frequencies, the power spectra decay exponentially as expected for time continuous deterministic dynamics. C1 CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. RP Paul, MR (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM mpaul@caltech.edu RI Paul, Mark/E-3567-2014 OI Paul, Mark/0000-0002-0701-1955 NR 17 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 87 IS 15 AR 154501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.154501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 480TV UT WOS:000171479600018 PM 11580703 ER PT J AU Gakh, AA Tuinman, AA AF Gakh, AA Tuinman, AA TI The structure of C60F36 SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE C60F36; structure; F-19 NMR ID SELECTIVE SYNTHESIS AB Detailed analyses of 1D and 2D F-10 NMR experiments confirm the theoretically predicted structure of the major most thermodynamically stable C-3 isomer of C-60 F-30 which is distinctly tetrahedral in shape. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gakhaa@ornl.gov NR 19 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 41 BP 7133 EP 7135 DI 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)01474-5 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 477HN UT WOS:000171278200001 ER PT J AU Gakh, AA Tuinman, AA AF Gakh, AA Tuinman, AA TI 'Fluorine dance' on the fullerene surface SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE C-60; fluorination halogen dance; C60F48 ID CATALYZED HALOGEN DANCE; STEREOCHEMICAL PATTERNS; SELECTIVE SYNTHESIS; REARRANGEMENTS; DIFLUORIDE; MIGRATION; C60F18; SHIFTS AB A facile fluorine migration process ('fluorine dance') leads to the formation of the most thermodynamically stable isomers during the high temperature fluorination of [60]fullerene. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gakhaa@ornl.gov NR 35 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD OCT 8 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 41 BP 7137 EP 7139 DI 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)01475-7 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 477HN UT WOS:000171278200002 ER PT J AU New, KCB Shapiro, SL AF New, KCB Shapiro, SL TI The formation of supermassive black holes and the evolution of supermassive stars SO CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International LISA Symposium CY JUL 11-14, 2000 CL MAX PLANCK INST GRAVITAT PHYS, GLOM, GERMANY SP European Space Agcy, NASA HO MAX PLANCK INST GRAVITAT PHYS ID DYNAMICAL BAR INSTABILITY; RAPIDLY ROTATING STARS; GALACTIC NUCLEI; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; STELLAR DYNAMICS; PRIMORDIAL GAS; COLLAPSE; MASS; FRAGMENTATION; SIMULATIONS AB The existence of supermassive black holes is supported by I a growing body of observations. Supermassive black holes and their formation events are likely candidates for detection by proposed long-wavelength, space-based gravitational wave interferometers. like LISA. However, the nature of the progenitors of supermassive black holes is rather uncertain. Supermassive black hole formation scenarios that involve either the stellar dynamical evolution of dense clusters or the hydrodynamical evolution of supermassive stars have been proposed. Each of these formation scenarios is reviewed and the evolution. of supermassive stars is then examined in some detail. Supermassive stars that rotate uniformly during their secular cooling phase will spin up to the mass-shedding limit and eventually contract to the point of relativistic collapse. Supermassive stars that rotate differentially as they cool will probably encounter the dynamical bar mode instability prior to the onset of relativistic collapse. A supermassive star that undergoes this bar distortion, prior to or during collapse, may be a strong source of quasiperiodic, long-wavelength gravitational radiation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP New, KCB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 49 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0264-9381 J9 CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV JI Class. Quantum Gravity PD OCT 7 PY 2001 VL 18 IS 19 BP 3965 EP 3975 DI 10.1088/0264-9381/18/19/301 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 485JX UT WOS:000171752200002 ER PT J AU De Boer, RJ Freitas, AA Perelson, AS AF De Boer, RJ Freitas, AA Perelson, AS TI Resource competition determines selection of B cell repertoires SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INDEPENDENT HOMEOSTATIC REGULATION; T-CELLS; SURVIVAL; REGENERATION; LYMPHOCYTES; EXPANSION; PROLIFERATION; EXPRESSION; LIGANDS; POOLS AB Previous experiments with mouse chimeras demonstrated that cellular competition for antigen-specific survival signals plays a crucial role in the maintenance of the naive B cell repertoire. Transgenic (Tg) B cell populations in these chimeras have a shortened lifespan and poor competitive abilities as compared to more diverse non-Tg populations in the same mice. We develop a mathematical model to investigate the mechanism of B cell competition. The model allows for various B cell clones, generated in the bone marrow, to go into the peripheral circulation, where they compete specifically for various ligands providing survival signals. In the model we also find the observed poor competitive abilities of the Tg repertoire. Investigating the nature of the competition in the model, we find that most of the competition is "intraspecific" occurring largely within the clone of truly Tg B cells, and within the repertoire of leaky Tg and non-Tg B cells. This is confirmed by analysing a simplified version of the model, which only allows for intraspecific competition, and resembles a simple ecological model with density-dependent death. The fact that our model accounts for the data, casts doubt on a previous interpretation of the same data arguing that more diverse repertoires outcompete repertoires of lower diversity. Here, we conclude that most of the data can be explained with intraspecific competition, and formulate an experimental prediction that allows one to distinguish between the previous interpretation of inter-specific competition between repertoires, and the current interpretation of intraspecific competition. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. Inst Pasteur, CNRS, URA 1961, Unite Biol Populat Lymphocytaires, Paris, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP De Boer, RJ (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Padualaan 8, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. RI De Boer, Rob/B-6050-2011; freitas, antonio/A-2482-2013 OI De Boer, Rob/0000-0002-2130-691X; FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI28433] NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD OCT 7 PY 2001 VL 212 IS 3 BP 333 EP 343 DI 10.1006/jtbi.2001.2379 PG 11 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 481NV UT WOS:000171526600006 PM 11829354 ER PT J AU Shi, XX Barkigia, KM Fajer, J Drain, CM AF Shi, XX Barkigia, KM Fajer, J Drain, CM TI Design and synthesis of porphyrins bearing rigid hydrogen bonding motifs: Highly versatile building blocks for self-assembly of polymers and discrete arrays SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; ENERGY-TRANSFER; MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURE; HOST-GUEST; COORDINATION; SYSTEMS; TETRAARYLPORPHYRINS; PERSPECTIVES; RECOGNITION; INFORMATION AB Two aldehydes, 2,6-diacetamido-4-formylpyridine (7) and 1-butyl-6-formyluracil (11), are used to synthesize five pyridyl and four uracyl meso-subsituted porphyrins. With these complementary porphyrin building blocks, it is possible to build various types of multi-porphyrin supramolecules with different spatial relationships in predefined geometries.,The formation and properties of self-complementary dimers and a closed tetrameric square are presented as a basis of comparison to the latter system in the solid state. An X-ray structure of 5,10-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-15,20-bis(3,5-diacetamido-4-pyridyl)porphyrin confirms its molecular structure and reveals a hydrogen-bonded supramolecular organization mediated by water molecules. C1 CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Chem & Biochem, New York, NY 10021 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Drain, CM (reprint author), CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Chem & Biochem, 695 Pk Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM3037] NR 80 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD OCT 5 PY 2001 VL 66 IS 20 BP 6513 EP 6522 DI 10.1021/jo010108c PG 10 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 479MG UT WOS:000171407700002 PM 11578199 ER PT J AU Brown, GE AF Brown, GE TI Surface science - How minerals react with water SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; OBSERVED IN-SITU; OXIDE SURFACES; ALPHA-AL2O3(0001); INTERFACE; GEOCHEMISTRY C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Brown, GE (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM gordon@pangea.stanford.edu NR 28 TC 122 Z9 125 U1 5 U2 62 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 5 PY 2001 VL 294 IS 5540 BP 67 EP + DI 10.1126/science.1063544 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 480EJ UT WOS:000171448800029 PM 11588241 ER PT J AU Pennacchio, LA Olivier, M Hubacek, JA Cohen, JC Cox, DR Fruchart, JC Krauss, RM Rubin, EM AF Pennacchio, LA Olivier, M Hubacek, JA Cohen, JC Cox, DR Fruchart, JC Krauss, RM Rubin, EM TI An apolipoprotein influencing triglycerides in humans and mice revealed by comparative sequencing SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FAMILIAL COMBINED HYPERLIPIDEMIA; C-III GENE; TRANSGENIC MICE; CAUSES HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; A-II; OVEREXPRESSION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; IDENTIFICATION; POLYMORPHISMS; ATHEROGENESIS AB Comparison of genomic DNA sequences from human and mouse revealed a new apolipoprotein (APO) gene (APOAV) located proximal to the well-characterized APOAI/CIII/AIV gene cluster on human 11q23. Mice expressing a human APOAV transgene showed a decrease in plasma triglyceride concentrations to one-third of those in control mice; conversely, knockout mice lacking Apoav had four times as much plasma triglycerides as controls. In humans, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the APOAV locus were found to be significantly associated with plasma triglyceride levels in two independent studies. These findings indicate that APOAV is an important determinant of plasma triglyceride levels, a major risk factor for coronary artery disease. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Stanford Human Genome Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Ctr Human Nutr, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, McDermott Ctr Human Growth & Dev, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. Inst Pasteur, Dept Atherosclerosis, INSERM, U545, F-59019 Lille, France. Univ Lille, Fac Pharm, F-59006 Lille, France. RP Rubin, EM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-18574, HL-53917, HL66681] NR 43 TC 614 Z9 707 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 5 PY 2001 VL 294 IS 5540 BP 169 EP 173 DI 10.1126/science.1064852 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 480EJ UT WOS:000171448800054 PM 11588264 ER PT J AU Lawniczak-Jablonska, K Iwanowski, RJ Demchenko, IN Boettcher, T Einfeldt, S Hommel, D Cortes, R Perera, RCC AF Lawniczak-Jablonska, K Iwanowski, RJ Demchenko, IN Boettcher, T Einfeldt, S Hommel, D Cortes, R Perera, RCC TI Polarization dependent X-ray absorption studies of the chemical bonds anisotropy in wurtzite GaN grown at different conditions SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International School and Symposium on Synchrotron Radiation in Natural Science (ISSRNS) CY JUN 12-17, 2000 CL POLAND DE X-ray absorption; blue laser-GaN; chemical bonds; density of states ID FILMS AB Polarization-dependent X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to examine the influence of crystal growth techniques and substrates type on the bond lengths and the bond structure of the single crystalline, wurtzite GaN in a form of bulk materials and epitaxial layers. The layers were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on different substrates such as SiC, sapphire and GaN, From the observed X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) of the Ga K-edges, it was found that MOCVD introduces a stronger disorder around Ga atoms than MBE. Comparing the Ga and N K-edges of the epilayers and the bulk crystal, we found a prevailing contribution of N-vacancies in the layers and dominance of Ga-vacancies in the bulk crystal. The bonds along the c-axis are less perfect than the bonds in the c-plane for all investigated epilayers. The per-formed standard extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis (EXAFS) resulted in a direct estimate of the bond lengths in the c-plane and along the c-axis. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science BM All rights reserved. C1 Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Bremen, Inst Solid State Phys, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. Univ Paris 11, Lab Utilisat Rayonnement Electromagnet, F-91405 Orsay, France. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawniczak-Jablonska, K (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Al Lotnikow 32-46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD OCT 4 PY 2001 VL 328 IS 1-2 BP 77 EP 83 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(01)01349-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 473RZ UT WOS:000171063000014 ER PT J AU Koloczek, J Kwon, YK Burian, A AF Koloczek, J Kwon, YK Burian, A TI Characterization of spatial correlations in carbon nanotubes-modelling studies SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International School and Symposium on Synchrotron Radiation in Natural Science (ISSRNS) CY JUN 12-17, 2000 CL POLAND DE nanostructures; X-ray diffraction ID DIFFRACTION; MICROTUBULES; MICROSCOPY AB The Debye equation has been used to compute the powder diffraction patterns of single- and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. By generating Cartesian coordinates of atoms the models of non-chiral and chiral nanotubes of any shape and size have been constructed. An efficient algorithm has been developed to calculate the kinematical diffraction profiles for the constructed models. The effect of curvature on the diffraction pattern has been examined by comparison of the model-based simulations for various nanotubes and a single graphene laver. The applicability of the numerical procedure is illustrated in the case of armchair, zig-zag and chiral nanotubes, both single and multiwalled. The results of the computer simulations are compared with X-ray diffraction data, recorded for multiwalled nanotubes and published recently [Szczygielska et al., Acta Phys. Polon. A 98 (2000) 611]. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Ctr Polymer Chem, PL-41819 Zabrze, Poland. RP Burian, A (reprint author), Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. RI Kwon, Young-Kyun/G-1833-2011 OI Kwon, Young-Kyun/0000-0001-6027-8408 NR 13 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD OCT 4 PY 2001 VL 328 IS 1-2 BP 222 EP 225 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(01)01298-1 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 473RZ UT WOS:000171063000041 ER PT J AU Kwiatek, WM Galka, M Hanson, AL Paluszkiewicz, C Cichocki, T AF Kwiatek, WM Galka, M Hanson, AL Paluszkiewicz, C Cichocki, T TI XANES as a tool for iron oxidation state determination in tissues SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International School and Symposium on Synchrotron Radiation in Natural Science (ISSRNS) CY JUN 12-17, 2000 CL POLAND DE XANES; pre-peak; kidney; trace elements ID NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; INDUCED CARCINOGENESIS; FREE-RADICALS; RAY; MICROPROBE; DAMAGE; CANCER AB The X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) technique was applied in fluorescence mode for the determination of the iron oxidation state in different structures of the kidney. The experiment was performed on 20-mum thick tissue sections at the National Synchrotron Light Source in Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA with the use of a monochromatized beam around 7.2 keV at the X26A beam line. The beam size was defined by four tantalum slits. The samples were taken from patients who were operated due to kidney cancer. First, two-dimensional scans on the selected areas of the kidney tissue sections were done in order to present distribution of iron concentration. The scanned areas were visible on analyzed sections after the measurements allowing the precise matching of tissue structure with analytical data. Others successfully used similar matching procedures with the particle beams methods but synchrotron radiation is less damaging to biological materials. Then, the XANES spectra were taken on selected points that contained high concentration levels of iron. The XANES measurements were done to determine the iron oxidation state. as this is regarded as one of the oxygen indicators in tissue. and free radicals generation. In order to do so the spectra had to be calibrated and normalized. Therefore, three standards were used. Following previous work [Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58 (1994) 5209] a synthetic fayalite [Fe2SiO4: standard for Fe(II)], pure magnetite [FeO . Fe2O3: standard for a mixture of Fe(II) and Fe(III) with the ratio 1:2], and pure hematite [Fe2O3: standard for Fe(III)] as standards for iron pre-edge peak position in the XANES spectra were used. It has been found that the iron concentration level is much higher in kidney glomeruli than in nephron regions and due to XANES spectra analyses in the glomerular regions of the tissue sections iron occurs in different oxidation states. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Gabriel Narutowicz Hosp, PL-31202 Krakow, Poland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, DAT, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Jagiellonian Univ, Reg Lab, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. Stanislaw Staszic Univ Min & Met, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Coll Med, PL-31034 Krakow, Poland. RP Kwiatek, WM (reprint author), Inst Nucl Phys, Ul Radzikowskiego 152, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD OCT 4 PY 2001 VL 328 IS 1-2 BP 276 EP 282 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(01)01317-2 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 473RZ UT WOS:000171063000051 ER PT J AU Gutierrez, LB Ramallo-Lopez, JM Irusta, S Miro, EE Requejo, FG AF Gutierrez, LB Ramallo-Lopez, JM Irusta, S Miro, EE Requejo, FG TI Promotional effect of reduction treatments of PtIn(ferrierite) on its activity in the SCR of NO with methane. Kinetics and novel characterization studies SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID PERTURBED-ANGULAR-CORRELATION; SN-DOPED IN2O3; NITRIC-OXIDE; CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; SELECTIVE REDUCTION; CATALYSTS; OXYGEN; PAC; DEHYDROGENATION; ISOBUTANE AB K-ferrierite co-exchanged with Pt and In (PtIn(ferrierite)), with different pretreatments, is characterized by EXAFS (extended X-ray absorption fine structure), TDPAC (time differential perturbed angular correlation), TPR (temperature-programmed reduction), and hydrogen chemisorption. The presence of different In and Pt species is correlated with activity and selectivity during the NO selective reduction (SCR) with CH4 in the presence of excess oxygen. The reduction of PtIn(ferrierite) catalyst under controlled conditions (hydrogen at 350 or 500 degreesC) strongly promotes the activity of the said catalyst, The reduction at 350 degreesC results in the formation of small Pt degrees crystals, stable under wet reaction conditions, which probably favor both the oxidation of NO to NO2 and the adsorption of the said species, thus increasing the overall reaction rate. The reduction at 500 degreesC further increases the reaction rate because it promotes the formation of new (InO)(+) active species from the reduction of In2O3 at the catalyst external surface. Small crystals of Pt degrees are also formed when the calcined catalyst is treated under wet reaction conditions, thus increasing the reaction rate to an extent similar to the one observed for the catalyst reduced at 350 degreesC. C1 UNL, CONICET, INCAPE, Fac Ingn Quim, RA-3000 Santa Fe, Argentina. Natl Univ La Plata, Fac Ciencias Exactas, Dept Fis, CONICET,Inst Fis La Plata, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. RP Requejo, FG (reprint author), LBNL, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mailstop 66-200, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Ramallo-Lopez, Jose/N-1757-2016; Requejo, Felix/O-2260-2016; OI Ramallo-Lopez, Jose/0000-0002-8233-2644; Requejo, Felix/0000-0003-4439-864X; Irusta, Silvia/0000-0002-2966-9088 NR 43 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 4 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 39 BP 9514 EP 9523 DI 10.1021/jp010748j PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 479JG UT WOS:000171400800017 ER PT J AU Kane, SM Huntley, DR Gland, JL AF Kane, SM Huntley, DR Gland, JL TI Toluene formation from coadsorbed methanethiol and benzenethiol on nickel surfaces SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ADSORBED PHENYL GROUPS; CARBON BOND FORMATION; NI(111) SURFACE; METAL-SURFACES; TRANSITION-METALS; NI(100) SURFACE; ADSORPTION; CHEMISTRY; ALKYLATION; HYDROGEN AB Carbon-carbon bond formation resulting in cross-coupling has been demonstrated for coadsorbed benzenethiol and methanethiol on the Ni(111) and Ni(100) surfaces. Toluene formation indicates that desulfurized C-6 and C-1 intermediates are formed by direct interaction with the Ni surface rather than by hydrogen addition to the C-S bond. Coupling occurs in the same temperature range as hydrogenation of the C-6 and C-1 intermediates to form benzene and methane. Thus, competition between hydrogenation and cross-coupling plays an important role in controlling reaction selectivity. As surface hydrogen increases, the yield of toluene falls. Reduction of surface hydrogen by reaction with coadsorbed oxygen enhances toluene formation. The effect of coadsorbed hydrogen is larger on the Ni(111) surface where large amounts of coadsorbed hydrogen remain on the surface above the reaction temperatures. On both surfaces the toluene yield increases rapidly for coadsorbed reactant coverages above half saturation, indicating toluene formation is not limited exclusively by stoichiometries but also by kinetic factors. Methyl mobility appears to play a key role in determining toluene yields. The complex dependence of toluene yield on the surface concentrations of both the methanethiol and benzenethiol is consistent with a radical mechanism where both kinetic and stoichiometric factors play a role in determining yields. Toluene formation in the 300 K range appears to be related to the reaction of phenyl and methyl, while toluene formed at higher temperature appears to be associated with hydrogenation of a more extensively dehydrogenated intermediate. C1 Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Huntley, DR (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 4 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 39 BP 9548 EP 9556 DI 10.1021/jp012322a PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 479JG UT WOS:000171400800022 ER PT J AU Mitrovic, VF Sigmund, EE Eschrig, M Bachman, HN Halperin, WP Reyes, AP Kuhns, P Moulton, WG AF Mitrovic, VF Sigmund, EE Eschrig, M Bachman, HN Halperin, WP Reyes, AP Kuhns, P Moulton, WG TI Spatially resolved electronic structure inside and outside the vortex cores of a high-temperature superconductor SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID SPIN-LATTICE RELAXATION; MIXED-STATE; YBA2CU3O7; NMR; DENSITY; LINES AB Puzzling aspects of high-transition-temperature (high-T-c) superconductors include the prevalence of magnetism in the normal state and the persistence of superconductivity in high magnetic fields. Superconductivity and magnetism generally are thought to be incompatible, based on what is known about conventional superconductors. Recent results(1), however, indicate that antiferromagnetism can appear in the superconducting state of a high-T-c superconductor in the presence of an applied magnetic field. Magnetic fields penetrate a superconductor in the form of quantized flux lines, each of which represents a vortex of supercurrents. Superconductivity is suppressed in the core of the vortex and it has been suggested that antiferromagnetism might develop there(2). Here we report the results of a high-field nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) imaging experiment(3-5) in which we spatially resolve the electronic structure of near-optimally doped YBa2Cu3O7-delta inside and outside vortex cores. Outside the cores, we rnd strong antiferromagnetic fluctuations, whereas inside we detect electronic states that are rather different from those found in conventional superconductors. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Halperin, WP (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Eschrig, Matthias/B-4786-2009; Sigmund, Eric/E-1981-2013; OI Sigmund, Eric/0000-0001-6783-3611; Eschrig, Matthias/0000-0003-4954-5549 NR 16 TC 147 Z9 148 U1 1 U2 20 PU MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD OCT 4 PY 2001 VL 413 IS 6855 BP 501 EP 504 DI 10.1038/35097039 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 478HG UT WOS:000171340500041 PM 11586354 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Boos, EE Borcherding, F Bos, K Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cochran, J Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Davis, GA Davis, K De, K de Jong, SJ Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Di Loreto, G Doulas, S Draper, P Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Frame, KC Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Graham, G Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Heuring, T Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, Y Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Ke, Z Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kim, SK Klima, B Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Li, J Li, QZ Li, X Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Martin, RD Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Neal, HA Negret, JP Negroni, S Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Pan, LJ Papageorgiou, K Para, A Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Patwa, A Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramberg, E Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Roco, M Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Sen, N Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM van Gemmeren, P Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Vertogradov, LS Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wightman, JA Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Z Zanabria, M Zheng, H Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Boos, EE Borcherding, F Bos, K Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cochran, J Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Davis, GA Davis, K De, K de Jong, SJ Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Di Loreto, G Doulas, S Draper, P Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Frame, KC Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Graham, G Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Heuring, T Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, Y Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Ke, Z Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kim, SK Klima, B Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Li, J Li, QZ Li, X Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Martin, RD Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Neal, HA Negret, JP Negroni, S Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Pan, LJ Papageorgiou, K Para, A Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Patwa, A Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramberg, E Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Roco, M Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Sen, N Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM van Gemmeren, P Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Vertogradov, LS Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wightman, JA Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Z Zanabria, M Zheng, H Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA DO Collaboration TI Search for single top quark production at DO using neural networks SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE Tevatron collider; top quark; neural networks ID PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION; GLOBAL QCD ANALYSIS; ALPHA-S CALCULATION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; ORDER; COLLISIONS; DETECTOR; FERMILAB; PHYSICS AB We present a search for electroweak production of single top quarks in approximate to 90 pb(-1) of data collected with the D(null set) detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. Using arrays of neural networks to separate signals from backgrounds, we set upper limits on the cross sections of 17 pb for the s-channel process p (p) over bar --> tb + X, and 22 pb for the t-channel process p (p) over bar --> tqb + X, both at the 95% confidence level. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. LAFEX, Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ, Ctr Particle Phys, CR-11636 Prague 1, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Inst Sci Nucl, IN2P3, F-38041 Grenoble, France. Univ Mediterranee, CNRS, CPPM, IN2P3, Marseille, France. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, CNRS, LPNHE, IN2P3, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75221 Paris 05, France. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. NIKHEF H, FOM Inst, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF H, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF H, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Univ Buenos Aires, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow 117234, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Chicago, IL 60610 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Peters, Michael/B-4973-2009; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Boos, Eduard/D-9748-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013 OI Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Baarmand, Marc/0000-0002-9792-8619; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489 NR 24 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 4 PY 2001 VL 517 IS 3-4 BP 282 EP 294 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)01009-7 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 480TX UT WOS:000171479800007 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Bos, K Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cochran, J Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Davis, GA Davis, K De, K de Jong, SJ Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Frame, KC Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Graham, G Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Heuring, T Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, Y Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Ke, Z Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kim, SK Klima, B Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, V Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Li, J Li, QZ Li, X Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Neal, HA Negret, JP Negroni, S Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Pan, LJ Papageorgiou, K Para, A Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Patwa, A Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramberg, E Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Roco, M Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Sen, N Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Vertogradov, LS Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wightman, JA Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Z Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zheng, H Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alves, GA Amos, N Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Baarmand, MM Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Borcherding, F Bos, K Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Chung, M Claes, D Clark, AR Cochran, J Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Davis, GA Davis, K De, K de Jong, SJ Del Signore, K Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fahland, T Feher, S Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Frame, KC Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Gomez, G Goncharov, PI Solis, JLG Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Graham, G Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Hanlet, P Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Heuring, T Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, Y Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jones, M Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Ke, Z Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kim, SK Klima, B Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kotwal, AV Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, V Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Li, J Li, QZ Li, X Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mauritz, KM May, B Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Neal, HA Negret, JP Negroni, S Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Pan, LJ Papageorgiou, K Para, A Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Paterno, M Patwa, A Pawlik, B Perkins, J Peters, M Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Ramberg, E Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Roco, M Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Sen, N Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Singh, JB Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, E Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stichelbaut, F Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Vertogradov, LS Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wightman, JA Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Yu, Z Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zheng, H Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A TI Measurement of the ratio of differential cross sections for W and Z boson production as a function of transverse momentum in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article AB We report on a measurement of the ratio of the differential cross sections for IV and Z boson production as a function of transverse momentum in proton-anti proton collisions at roots = 1.8 TeV. This measurement uses data recorded by the DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron in 1994-1995. It represents the first investigation of a proposal that ratios between IV and Z observables can be calculated reliably using perturbative QCD, even when the individual observables are not. Using the ratio of differential cross sections reduces both experimental and theoretical uncertainties, and can therefore provide smaller overall uncertainties in the measured mass and width of the IV boson than current methods used at hadron colliders. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. LAFEX, Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ, Ctr Particle Phys, CR-11636 Prague 1, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Inst Sci Nucl, IN2P3, F-38041 Grenoble, France. Univ Mediterranee, CNRS, CPPM, IN2P3, Marseille, France. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75221 Paris 05, France. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF H, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands. NIKHEF H, FOM Inst, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF H, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Univ Buenos Aires, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015 OI Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 4 PY 2001 VL 517 IS 3-4 BP 299 EP 308 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)01020-6 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 480TX UT WOS:000171479800009 ER PT J AU Blanksby, SJ Ramond, TM Davico, GE Nimlos, MR Kato, S Bierbaum, VM Lineberger, WC Ellison, GB Okumura, M AF Blanksby, SJ Ramond, TM Davico, GE Nimlos, MR Kato, S Bierbaum, VM Lineberger, WC Ellison, GB Okumura, M TI Negative-ion photoelectron spectroscopy, gas-phase acidity, and thermochemistry of the peroxyl radicals CH3OO and CH3CH2OO SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGIES; SET MODEL CHEMISTRY; ABINITIO CALCULATIONS; REVERSIBLE CH3O2; AB-INITIO; KINETICS; ALKYL; OH; ALKYLPEROXY; PHOTOLYSIS AB Methyl, methyl-d(3), and ethyl hydroperoxide anions (CH3OO-, CD3OO-, and CH3CH2OO-) have been prepared by deprotonation of their respective hydroperoxides in a stream of helium buffer, gas. Photodetachment with 364 nm (3.408 eV) radiation was used to measure the adiabatic electron affinities: EA[CH3OO, (X) over tilde (2)A"] = 1.161 +/- 0.005 eV, EA[CD3OO, (X) over tilde (2)A"] = 1.154 +/- 0.004 eV, and EA[CH3CH2OO, (X) over tilde (2)A"] = 1.186 +/- 0.004 eV. The photoelectron spectra yield values for the term energies: DeltaE((X) over tilde 2A"-(A) over tilde 2A')[CH3OO] = 0.914 +/- 0.005 eV, DeltaE((X) over tilde (2)A"-(A) over tilde 2A') [CD3OO] = 0.913 +/- 0.004 eV, and DeltaE((X) over tilde (2)A"-(A) over tilde (2)A')[CH3CH2OO] = 0.938 +/- 0.004 eV. A localized RO-O stretching mode was observed near 1100 cm(-1) for the ground state of all three radicals, and low-frequency R-O-O bending modes are also reported. Proton-transfer kinetics of the hydroperoxides have been measured in a tandem flowing afterglow-selected ion flow tube k(FA-SIFT) to determine the gas-phase acidity of the parent hydroperoxides: Delta (acid)G(298)(CH3OOH) = 367.6 +/- 0.7 kcal mol(-1), Delta (acid)G(298)(CD3OOH) = 367.9 +/- 0.9 kcal mol(-1), and Delta (acid)G(298)(CH3CH2OOH) = 363.9 +/- 2.0 kcal mol(-1). From these acidities we have derived the enthalpies of deprotonation: Delta H-acid(298)(CH3OOH) = 374.6 +/- 1.0 kcal mol(-1), Delta H-acid(298)(CD3OOH) = 374.9 +/- 1.1 kcal mol(-1), and Delta H-acid(298)(CH2CH3OOH) = 371.0 +/- 2.2 kcal mol(-1). Use of the negative-ion acidity/EA cycle provides the ROO-H bond enthalpies: DH298(CH3OO-H) 87.8 +/- 1.0 kcal mol(-1), DH298(CD3OO-H) = 87.9 +/- 1.1 kcal mol(-1), and DH298(CH3CH2OO-H) = 84.8 +/- 2.2 kcal mol(-1). We review the thermochemistry of the peroxyl radicals, CH3OO and CH3CH2OO. Using experimental bond enthalpies, DH298(ROO-H), and CBS/APNO ab initio electronic structure calculations for the energies of the corresponding hydroperoxides, we derive the heats of formation of the peroxyl radicals. The "electron affinity/acidity/CBS" cycle yields Delta H-f(298)[CH3OO] = 4.8 +/- 1.2 kcal mol(-1) and Delta H-f(298)[CH3CH2OO] = -6.8 +/- 2.3 kcal mol(-1). C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. CALTECH, Dept Chem, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Bierbaum, VM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RI Blanksby, Stephen/C-8388-2013; Okumura, Mitchio/I-3326-2013 OI Blanksby, Stephen/0000-0002-8560-756X; Okumura, Mitchio/0000-0001-6874-1137 NR 81 TC 107 Z9 107 U1 5 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 3 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 39 BP 9585 EP 9596 DI 10.1021/ja010942j PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 479MH UT WOS:000171407800011 PM 11572679 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Jirsak, T Liu, G Hrbek, J Dvorak, J Maiti, A AF Rodriguez, JA Jirsak, T Liu, G Hrbek, J Dvorak, J Maiti, A TI Chemistry of NO2 on oxide surfaces: Formation of NO3 on TiO2(110) and NO2 <-> O vacancy interactions SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; NITRIC-OXIDE; PLANE-WAVE; CATALYTIC REDUCTION; POPULATION ANALYSIS; AUTOMOTIVE EXHAUST; METAL-OXIDES; ADSORPTION AB Synchrotron-based high-resolution photoemission, X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy, and first-principles density functional (DF) slab calculations were used to study the interaction of NO2 with a TiO2(110) single crystal and powders, of titania. The main product of the adsorption of NO2 on TiO2(110) is surface nitrate with a small amount of chemisorbed NO2. A similar result is obtained after the reaction of NO2 with polycrystalline powders of TiO2 or other oxide powders. This trend, however, does not imply that the metal centers of the oxides are unreactive toward NO2. An unexpected mechanism is seen for the formation of NO3. Photoemission data and DF calculations indicate that the surface nitrate forms through the disproportionation of NO2 on Ti sites (2NO(2,ads) --> NO3,ads + NOgas) rather than direct adsorption of NO2 on O centers of titania. Complex interactions take place between NO2 and O vacancies of TiO2(110). Electronic states associated with O vacancies play a predominant role in the bonding and surface chemistry of NO2. The adsorbed NO2, on its part, affects the thermochemical stability of O vacancies, facilitating their migration from the bulk to the surface of titania. The behavior of the NO2/titania system illustrates the importance of surface and subsurface defects when using an oxide for trapping or destroying NOx species in the prevention of environmental pollution (DeNOx operations). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11953 USA. Mol Simulat Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11953 USA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 78 TC 145 Z9 149 U1 6 U2 50 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 3 PY 2001 VL 123 IS 39 BP 9597 EP 9605 DI 10.1021/ja011131i PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 479MH UT WOS:000171407800012 PM 11572680 ER PT J AU Meldrum, A Haglund, RF Boatner, LA White, CW AF Meldrum, A Haglund, RF Boatner, LA White, CW TI Nanocomposite materials formed by ion implantation SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Review ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; NONLINEAR-OPTICAL PROPERTIES; GE+-IMPLANTED SIO2-FILMS; YTTRIUM-STABILIZED ZRO2; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; FINE METALLIC PARTICLES; SI NANOCRYSTALS; SILICON NANOCRYSTALS; BEAM SYNTHESIS; COLLOIDAL AU AB Ion implantation is a versatile and powerful technique for synthesizing nanometer-scale clusters and crystals embedded in the near-surface region of a variety of hosts in order to create nanocomposite materials with often unique properties. Some of the principal features of this nanophase materials synthesis technique (see Figure), as well as the materials properties that are exhibited by nanocomposites created using ion beams, are reviewed. C1 Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. EM ameldrum@ualberta.ca RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 104 TC 199 Z9 204 U1 4 U2 42 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 EI 1521-4095 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD OCT 2 PY 2001 VL 13 IS 19 BP 1431 EP + DI 10.1002/1521-4095(200110)13:19<1431::AID-ADMA1431>3.0.CO;2-Z PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 480PT UT WOS:000171471300008 ER PT J AU Wu, YY Messer, B Yang, PD AF Wu, YY Messer, B Yang, PD TI Superconducting MgB2 nanowires SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB The novel superconductor MgB2 (T-C = 39 K) is available as nanowires! Their synthesis has been achieved by a two-step protocol: Slightly Si-doped boron nanowires were generated by transport reaction, and treated with Mg vapor to form polycrystalline nanowires of MgB2 with diameters of 50-400 nm and lengths of several tens of micrometers (see Figure). Superconductivity was proven by a strong Meissner effect at 33 K. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, PD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Wu, Yiying/A-3949-2011 NR 12 TC 154 Z9 159 U1 5 U2 54 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD OCT 2 PY 2001 VL 13 IS 19 BP 1487 EP + DI 10.1002/1521-4095(200110)13:19<1487::AID-ADMA1487>3.0.CO;2-Q PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 480PT UT WOS:000171471300021 ER PT J AU Chin, CJ Yiacoumi, S Tsouris, C AF Chin, CJ Yiacoumi, S Tsouris, C TI Probing DLVO forces using interparticle magnetic forces: Transition from secondary-minimum to primary-minimum aggregation SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID PARAMAGNETIC COLLOIDAL PARTICLES; FIELD; FLOCCULATION; STABILITY; SPHERES; CHARGES; SURFACE; CHAINS AB The transition from secondary-minimum to primary-minimum aggregation of superparamagnetic colloidal latex particles is investigated in this study. The magnetic induction needed for this transition is calculated from the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory, which includes van der Waals, electrostatic, and magnetic-dipole forces as well as non-DLVO hydrophobic attraction. A chain-dipole model is used to estimate the magnetic-dipole potential. The magnetic induction at which the transition from secondary- to primary-minimum aggregation occurs is experimentally determined from visualization of chain formation and breakup. Experimental and theoretical values of transitional magnetic induction show good agreement for the small particles used in this study. The experimental value of the transitional magnetic induction of relatively large particles in a narrow capillary tube is found to deviate significantly from that predicted by theory. However, the transitional magnetic induction obtained from a wide capillary agrees well with the theoretical value. This behavior indicates that, in the narrow capillary, the magnitude of the repulsive force between the particles decreases. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yiacoumi, S (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016 OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027 NR 29 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD OCT 2 PY 2001 VL 17 IS 20 BP 6065 EP 6071 DI 10.1021/la0015260 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 477VV UT WOS:000171305700010 ER PT J AU Figgis, BN Sobolev, AN Schultz, AJ Reynolds, PA AF Figgis, BN Sobolev, AN Schultz, AJ Reynolds, PA TI Tetrachlorobis(N-1-phenylacetamidino-kappa N-2)rhenium(IV) at 11 K by X-ray diffraction and at 20 K by neutron diffraction SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article C1 Univ Western Australia, Dept Chem, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Chem, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Figgis, BN (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Dept Chem, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-2701 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 57 BP 1151 EP 1153 DI 10.1107/S0108270101011659 PN 10 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 481LD UT WOS:000171520000010 PM 11600768 ER PT J AU Grosse-Kunstleve, RW Adams, PD AF Grosse-Kunstleve, RW Adams, PD TI Patterson correlation methods: a review of molecular replacement with CNS SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Review ID ROTATION FUNCTION; TRANSLATION-FUNCTION; SEARCH; REFINEMENT; AMORE AB This paper presents a review of the principles of molecular replacement with the audience of the CCP4 Study Weekend in mind. A complementary presentation with animated Patterson maps is available online (http://cci.lbl.gov/similar to rwgk/ccp4sw2001/). The implementation of molecular-replacement methods in the Crystallography and NMR System (CNS) is presented and discussed in some detail. The three principal components are the direct rotation function, Patterson correlation refinement and the fast translation function. CNS is available online and is free of charge for academic users. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Grosse-Kunstleve, RW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 4-230, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 57 BP 1390 EP 1396 DI 10.1107/S090744490101246X PN 10 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 476AH UT WOS:000171202700006 PM 11567150 ER EF