FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT S AU Munteanu, FM Kim, Y Perry, CH Rickel, DG Simmons, JA Reno, JL AF Munteanu, FM Kim, Y Perry, CH Rickel, DG Simmons, JA Reno, JL BE Unlu, MS Piqueras, J Kalkhoran, NM Sekiguchi, T TI Energy behavior with magnetic field of negatively charged magnetoexcitons in quantum wells and heterojunctions SO OPTICAL MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SEMICONDUCTORS SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Optical Microstructural Characterization of Semiconductors held at the 1999 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 29-30, 1999 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID EXCESS ELECTRONS; EXCITONS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; GAS AB We present the results of the magneto-photoluminescence measurements performed on modulation doped GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures in high magnetic fields (up to 60T) and low temperatures (0.37-1.5K). With increasing magnetic field we observe the formation of the triplet X-t(-) and singlet X-s(-) states of negatively charged magneto-excitons (X-) in addition to the neutral exciton (X-0). Their behavior with field strongly depends on the sample geometry. In the case of a modulation doped quantum well (QW) with a well-width of 200A, the X-t(-) and X-s(-) states cross at a magnetic field of about 40T, whereas for a modulation-doped single heterojunction (SHJ) these states show no crossing over the whole range of available fields. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, NHMFL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Munteanu, FM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, NHMFL, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-496-3 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2000 VL 588 BP 321 EP 326 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BQ35D UT WOS:000088094400046 ER PT S AU Benedict, LX AF Benedict, LX BE Shirley, EL Chelikowsky, JR Louie, SG Martinez, G TI The electron-hole interaction and linear optical constants SO OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Optical Properties of Materials at the 1999 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 30-DEC 02, 1999 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID AB-INITIO CALCULATION; DIELECTRIC FUNCTION; QUASI-PARTICLE; ABSORPTION-SPECTRUM; SELF-ENERGY; SEMICONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; EXCITATIONS; CLUSTERS; GAN AB We present an ab initio computational scheme to calculate epsilon(omega) including the screened electron-hole interaction. Results are presented for GaP and optically-pumped GaAs. We also discuss a time-dependent formulation which has some conceptual advantages. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Benedict, LX (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-487-4 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2000 VL 579 BP 21 EP 31 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BR76J UT WOS:000167460000003 ER PT S AU Dean, DJ Strayer, MR Wells, JC AF Dean, DJ Strayer, MR Wells, JC BE Shirley, EL Chelikowsky, JR Louie, SG Martinez, G TI Correlated magnetoexcitons in semiconductor quantum dots at finite temperature SO OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS SE Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Optical Properties of Materials at the 1999 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 30-DEC 02, 1999 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID MAXIMUM-DENSITY-DROPLET; MONTE-CARLO METHOD; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; GROUND-STATES; NUCLEI AB We describe computational methods for the theoretical study of explicit correlations beyond the mean field in excitons confined in semiconductor quantum dots in terms of the Auxiliary-Field Monte Carlo (AFMC) method [1]. Using AFMC, the many-body problem is formulated as a Feynman path integral at finite temperatures and evaluated to numerical precision. This approach is ideally suited for implementation on highperformance parallel computers. Our strategy is to generate a set of mean-field states via the Hartree-Fock method for use as a basis for the AFMC calculations. We present preliminary results. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dean, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Wells, Jack/D-3675-2016; OI Wells, Jack/0000-0002-5083-3030; Dean, David/0000-0002-5688-703X NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-487-4 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2000 VL 579 BP 117 EP 122 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BR76J UT WOS:000167460000014 ER PT S AU Yoo, CS AF Yoo, CS BE Shirley, EL Chelikowsky, JR Louie, SG Martinez, G TI Polymeric carbon dioxide SO OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Optical Properties of Materials at the 1999 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 30-DEC 02, 1999 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID SOLID CO2; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; HIGH-PRESSURES; TRIDYMITE; HYDROGEN; TEMPERATURES; COMPRESSION; GENERATION; SILICA; GPA AB Synthesis of polymeric carbon dioxide has long been of interest to many chemists and materials scientists. Very recently we discovered the polymeric phase of carbon dioxide (called CO2-V) at high pressures and temperatures. Our optical and x-ray results indicate that CO2-V is optically nan-linear. generating the second harmonic of Nd: YLF laser at 527 nm and is also likely superhard similar to cubic-boron nitride or diamond. CO2-V is made of CO4 tetrahedra, analogous to SiO2 polymorphs, and is quenchable at ambient temperature at pressures above 1 GPa. In this paper, we describe the pressure-induced polymerization of carbon dioxide together with the stability, structure, and mechanical and optical properties of polymeric CO2-V. We also present some implications of polymeric CO2 for high-pressure chemistry and new materials synthesis. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Yoo, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-487-4 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2000 VL 579 BP 239 EP 248 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BR76J UT WOS:000167460000029 ER PT S AU Kim, BM Stoller, P Reiser, K Eichler, J Yan, M Rubenchik, A Da Silva, L AF Kim, BM Stoller, P Reiser, K Eichler, J Yan, M Rubenchik, A Da Silva, L BE Band, YB TI Confocal imaging of biological tissues using second harmonic generation SO OPTICAL PULSE AND BEAM PROPAGATION II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Pulse and Beam Propagation II CY JAN 25-27, 2000 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP USAF Off Sci Res, SPIE ID LASER-PULSES AB A confocal microscopy imaging system was devised to selectively detect second harmonic signals generated by biological tissues. Several types of biological tissues were examined using this imaging system, including human teeth, bovine blood vessels, and chicken skin. All these tissues generated strong second harmonic signals. There is considerable evidence that the source of these signals in tissue is collagen. Collagen, the predominant component of most tissues, is known to have second order nonlinear susceptibility. This technique may have diagnostic usefulness in pathophysiological conditions characterized by changes in collagen structure including malignant transformation of nevi, progression of diabetic complications, and abnormalities in wound healing. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Med Technol Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kim, BM (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Med Technol Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3544-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 3927 BP 207 EP 212 DI 10.1117/12.382051 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BQ18L UT WOS:000087374400020 ER PT S AU Choquette, KD Hietala, VM Geib, KM Briggs, RD Allerman, AA Hindi, JJ AF Choquette, KD Hietala, VM Geib, KM Briggs, RD Allerman, AA Hindi, JJ BE Lessard, RA Galstian, T TI High performance vertical cavity laser, driver, and receiver arrays for optical interconnects SO OPTICS IN COMPUTING 2000 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optics in Computing 2000 CY JUN 18-23, 2000 CL UNIV LAAVAL, QUEBEC CITY, CANADA SP Int Commiss Opt, Opt Soc Amer, SPIE, IEEE, Canadian Assoc Physicists HO UNIV LAAVAL DE VCSEL; laser drivers; photoreceivers; 2-dimensional arrays; optical interconnects AB Massively parallel optical interconnects are appropriate to ease the data bandwidth bottleneck that will occur in future computing applications. Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) are promising sources for emerging 2-dimensional optical systems such as free space and guided wave optical interconnects. We discuss the development of high performance VCSEL arrays, including individually addressable and matrix addressable arrays. We also show the characteristics of GaAs microelectronic driver and photoreceiver chips that have been designed to interface with Si-based CMOS circuitry. Finally, the potential of these source and receiver modules for use in free space or guided wave parallel channel optical interconnect architectures will be described. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Compound Semicond Sci & Technol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Choquette, KD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Compound Semicond Sci & Technol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3732-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4089 BP 704 EP 707 DI 10.1117/12.386892 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Computer Science; Optics; Physics GA BQ55D UT WOS:000088745400093 ER PT J AU Barton, IM Dixit, SN Summers, LJ Thompson, CA Avicola, K Wilhelmsen, J AF Barton, IM Dixit, SN Summers, LJ Thompson, CA Avicola, K Wilhelmsen, J TI Diffractive Alvarez lens SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A diffractive Alvarez lens is demonstrated that consists of two separate phase plates, each having complementary 16-level surface-relief profiles that contain cubic phase delays. Translation of these two components in the plane of the phase plates is shown to produce a variable astigmatic focus. Both spherical and cylindrical phase profiles are demonstrated with good accuracy, and the discrete surface-relief features ale shown to cause less than lambda/10 wave-front aberration in the transmitted wave front over a 40 mm x 80 mm region. (C) 2000 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Barton, IM (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mailstop L 438,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 7 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 25 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1364/OL.25.000001 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 269PZ UT WOS:000084487900001 PM 18059762 ER PT J AU Vikram, CS Pechersky, MJ AF Vikram, CS Pechersky, MJ TI Carrier noise reduction in speckle correlation interferometry by an unique averaging technique SO OPTIK LA English DT Article DE electronic speckle pattern interferometry; speckle noise averaging AB We present experimental result of carrier speckle noise averaging by a novel approach to generate numerous identical correlation fringes with randomly different speckles. The surface under study is sprayed with a new dry paint or a layer each time for the repetitive experiments to generate randomly different surfaces or the carrier speckle patterns. C1 Univ Alabama, Ctr Appl Opt, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Vikram, CS (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Ctr Appl Opt, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX NO.100 537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0030-4026 J9 OPTIK JI Optik PY 2000 VL 111 IS 3 BP 124 EP 126 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 303QX UT WOS:000086434500006 ER PT S AU Kemme, SA Warren, ME Sweatt, WC Wendt, JR Bailey, CG Matzke, CM Allerman, AA Arnold, DW Carter, TR Asbill, RE Samora, S AF Kemme, SA Warren, ME Sweatt, WC Wendt, JR Bailey, CG Matzke, CM Allerman, AA Arnold, DW Carter, TR Asbill, RE Samora, S BE Feldman, MR Li, RL Matkin, WB Tang, S TI Integrated optical systems for excitation delivery and broadband detection in micro-fluidic electrochromatography SO OPTOELECTRONIC INTERCONNECTS VII; PHOTONICS PACKAGING AND INTEGRATION II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optoelectronic Interconnects VII; Photonics Packaging and Integration II CY JAN 24-26, 2000 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP SPIE ID 975 NM; SUBWAVELENGTH; EFFICIENCY AB We have designed and assembled two generations of integrated micro-optical systems that deliver pump light and detect broadband laser-induced fluorescence in micro-fluidic chemical separation systems employing electrochromatography. The goal is to maintain the sensitivity attainable with larger, tabletop machines while decreasing package size and increasing throughput (by decreasing the required chemical volume). One type of micro-optical system uses vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) as the excitation source. Light from the VCSELs is relayed with four-level surface relief diffractive optical elements (DOEs) and delivered to the chemical volume through substrate-mode propagation. Indirect fluorescence from dye-quenched chemical species is collected and collimated with a high numerical aperture DOE. A filter blocks the excitation wavelength, and the resulting signal is detected as the chemical separation proceeds. Variations of this original design include changing the combination of reflective and transmissive DOEs and optimizing the high numerical aperture DOE with a rotationally symmetric iterative discrete on-axis algorithm. We will discuss the results of these implemented optimizations. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kemme, SA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3569-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 3952 BP 375 EP 383 DI 10.1117/12.384415 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BQ23A UT WOS:000087646400039 ER PT J AU Radlinski, AP Boreham, CJ Lindner, P Randl, O Wignall, GD Hinde, A Hope, JM AF Radlinski, AP Boreham, CJ Lindner, P Randl, O Wignall, GD Hinde, A Hope, JM TI Small angle neutron scattering signature of oil generation in artificially and naturally matured hydrocarbon source rocks SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE primary migration; source rocks; small angle neutron scattering (SANS); maturity sequence; artificial pyrolysis ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; PROTEROZOIC MCARTHUR BASIN; KIMMERIDGE SOURCE ROCKS; BRAE FIELD AREA; MOLECULAR COMPOSITION; NORTHERN AUSTRALIA; PETROLEUM GEOLOGY; PRIMARY MIGRATION; GEOCHEMISTRY; AGGREGATION AB We have demonstrated for the first time the application of a small angle neutron scattering (SANS) technique for the precise determination of the onset of hydrocarbon transport (primary migration) in shaly source rocks. We used a sequence of rocks pyrolysed in the laboratory under nitrogen at temperatures in the range 310-370 degrees C. These rocks contained several percent of dispersed marine Type II organic matter. Geochemical analysis indicated a peak of the hydrocarbon generation in the middle of the temperature range (at 340 degrees C). We observed a sharp decrease of SANS intensity in a narrow maturity range within the geochemically determined region of the onset of hydrocarbon generation. This decrease was a direct consequence of the SANS contrast variation caused by the invasion of the pore space by bitumen during the primary migration of hydrocarbons. A similar phenomenon was observed for a natural maturity sequence of source rocks originating from the same location. Crown Copyright (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Australian Geol Survey Org, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Ctr Small Angle Scattering Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Radlinski, AP (reprint author), Australian Geol Survey Org, GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. OI Wignall, George/0000-0002-3876-3244 NR 45 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0146-6380 J9 ORG GEOCHEM JI Org. Geochem. PY 2000 VL 31 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1016/S0146-6380(99)00128-X PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 277XM UT WOS:000084958900001 ER PT J AU Clifford, DJ Hatcher, PG Botto, RE Muntean, JV Anderson, KB AF Clifford, DJ Hatcher, PG Botto, RE Muntean, JV Anderson, KB TI The nature and fate of natural resins in the geosphere. IX structure and maturation similarities of soluble and insoluble polylabdonoids isolated from Tertiary Class I resinites (vol 30, pg 635, 1999) SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Correction C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Penn State Univ, Fuel Sci Program, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Anderson, KB (reprint author), Energy Inst, 209 Acad Projects, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0146-6380 J9 ORG GEOCHEM JI Org. Geochem. PY 2000 VL 31 IS 2-3 BP 243 EP 243 DI 10.1016/S0146-6380(99)00144-8 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 294LF UT WOS:000085912200011 ER PT S AU Burrows, PE Graff, GL Gross, ME Martin, PM Hall, M Mast, E Bonham, C Bennett, W Michalski, L Weaver, M Brown, JJ Fogarty, D Sapochak, LS AF Burrows, PE Graff, GL Gross, ME Martin, PM Hall, M Mast, E Bonham, C Bennett, W Michalski, L Weaver, M Brown, JJ Fogarty, D Sapochak, LS BE Kafafi, ZH TI Gas permeation and lifetime tests on polymer-based barrier coatings SO ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING MATERIALS AND DEVICES IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices IV CY JUL 31-AUG 02, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE organic; thin film; LED; moisture barrier; polymer deposition; vacuum deposition; flexible; display ID LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES; DIODES AB We describe a flexible, transparent plastic substrate for OLED display applications. A flexible, composite thin film barrier is deposited under vacuum onto commercially available polymers, restricting moisture and oxygen permeation rates to undetectable levels using conventional permeation test equipment. The barrier is deposited under vacuum in a process compatible with conventional roll-coating technology. The film is capped with a thin film of transparent conductive oxide yielding an engineered substrate (Barix (TM)) for next generation, rugged, lightweight or flexible OLED displays. Preliminary tests indicate that the substrate is sufficiently impermeable to moisture and oxygen for application to moisture-sensitive display applications, such as organic light emitting displays, and is stable in pure oxygen to 200 degreesC. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Burrows, PE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 11 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3750-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4105 BP 75 EP 83 DI 10.1117/12.416878 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BS06S UT WOS:000168536500009 ER PT S AU Savvate'ev, V Friedl, JH Zou, L Christensen, K Oldham, W Rothberg, LJ Chen-Esterlit, Z Kopelman, R Shinar, J AF Savvate'ev, V Friedl, JH Zou, L Christensen, K Oldham, W Rothberg, LJ Chen-Esterlit, Z Kopelman, R Shinar, J BE Kafafi, ZH TI Transient electroluminescence from multilayer small organic molecular light-emitting devices SO ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING MATERIALS AND DEVICES IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices IV CY JUL 31-AUG 02, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE ID DIODES; CATHODE AB Nanosecond electroluminescence (EL) spikes observed at the voltage turn-off when multilayer blue 4,4 ' -bis(2,2 ' diphenyl vinyl) -1,1 ' -biphenyl (DPVBi)-based organic light-emitting devices (OLED's) are excited by rectangular voltage pulses are described. The spikes exceed the cw brightness by up to an order of magnitude. Time-resolved images of the devices demonstrate that the emission from most of the sample surface decays with a single time constant tau (1) = 13 +/- 3 ns. This decay is attributed to recombination of charges which accumulate at the interface of the electron and hole transporting layers, possibly at intrinsic trapping sites. In areas of increased electron injection and EL such as cathode edges and morphological defects, a second slower decay time 20 ns < tau (2) < 1 mus is observed, apparently due to release of carriers from localized trap states in the organic/cathode interface. Only marginal variations in tau (1) are found between bright and dim areas of the devices. At a bias of 10 V, the amplitude of the spike is found to peak at a pulse duration of similar to 20 mus. It is noted that similar OLED's, in which the DPVBi was replaced by tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline Al) (Alq(3)), did not exhibit such spikes. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Shinar, J (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3750-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4105 BP 231 EP 235 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BS06S UT WOS:000168536500026 ER PT S AU Wiederrecht, GP Wasielewski, MR Fuller, M AF Wiederrecht, GP Wasielewski, MR Fuller, M BE Lewis, KL Meerholz, K TI Photorefractivity in ferroelectric liquid crystals SO ORGANIC PHOTOREFRACTIVES, PHOTORECEPTORS, AND NANOCOMPOSITES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Organic Photorefractives, Photoreceptors, and Nanocomposites CY JUL 31-AUG 01, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE photorefractive materials; ferroelectric liquid crystals; non-linear optics; photoconductivity ID POLYMER; GAIN; DIFFRACTION; FIELD AB The first observation of photorefractivity in ferroelectric liquid crystals (flcs) is reported. The flcs are doped with the easily oxidized chromophore perylene, which also functions as the sensitizer. The electron acceptor di-butyl-pyromellitimide is added to induce photoconductivity through an efficient intermolecular electron transfer reaction to produce mobile ions. A strong dependence on the orientation of the wavevector of the optical interference pattern and polarization of the writing beams relative to the orientation of the flc molecules is observed. The results are interpreted as an orientational photorefractive effect in which the net polarization of the flc couples linearly to the space-charge field as opposed to nematic liquid crystals in which the dielectric anisotropy couples to the square of the space charge field. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wiederrecht, GP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3749-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4104 BP 104 EP 109 DI 10.1117/12.406473 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BR65X UT WOS:000167102400014 ER PT B AU Swift, RPS Hagelberg, CR Hiltl, M AF Swift, RPS Hagelberg, CR Hiltl, M BE Girard, J Liebman, M Breeds, C Doe, T TI Stress wave-induced damage of sandstone for dry and wet conditions SO PACIFIC ROCKS 2000: ROCK AROUND THE RIM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th North American Rock Mechanics Symposium (NARMS 2000) CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2000 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Agapito Associates, AGRA Earth & Environm, Andalex Resources Inc, Bakhtar Associates, Chevron Petr Technol Co, Construct & Tunneling Serv Inc, Golder Associates Inc, GRAM Inc, Herrenknecht Tunneling Syst USA Inc, MTS Syst Corp, Robbins Co, Robbins Grp LLC ID SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS AB We present meso-scale modeling of impact recovery experiments on sandstone using a hybrid Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) and Discrete Element Method (DEM) approach. Each grain is represented with clusters of particles providing explicit representation of the grain/pore structure obtained from scanning electron microscope (SEM) or synthetic images. Modeling accounts for the influence of pore fluid and illustrates how grain/pore heterogeneity under dry and saturated States affects the evolution of grain damage. Results exhibit characteristics that are observed in impact recovery experiments. An increase in-grain damage is associated with an increase in stress level. Grains in dry samples are extremely and irregularly fragmented and show extensively reduced porosity, while less grain damage and higher porosity are observed in saturated samples. Pore fluid mitigates the interaction between grains, thus reducing fragmentation damage. This modeling approach in concert with experiments offers a unique way to understand dynamic compaction of brittle porous materials. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Swift, RPS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Hagelberg, Carl/E-9554-2014 OI Hagelberg, Carl/0000-0002-2073-3127 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5809-155-4 PY 2000 BP 213 EP 219 PG 7 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA BQ63C UT WOS:000089017600029 ER PT B AU Karaca, MA AF Karaca, MA BE Girard, J Liebman, M Breeds, C Doe, T TI Geomechanical aspects of the 1999 Golcuk earthquake SO PACIFIC ROCKS 2000: ROCK AROUND THE RIM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th North American Rock Mechanics Symposium (NARMS 2000) CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2000 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Agapito Associates, AGRA Earth & Environm, Andalex Resources Inc, Bakhtar Associates, Chevron Petr Technol Co, Construct & Tunneling Serv Inc, Golder Associates Inc, GRAM Inc, Herrenknecht Tunneling Syst USA Inc, MTS Syst Corp, Robbins Co, Robbins Grp LLC ID NORTH-ANATOLIAN FAULT AB Recent large-magnitude earthquakes on the North Anatolian Fault at Golcuk and Duzce in Turkey have caused widespread destruction and loss of life. Analysis of damage from these quakes is shedding light on the complex mechanical interaction that occurs between faults and local geological features. Damage resulting from the Golcuk earthquake is analyzed here, with respect to fault mechanisms, ground response and local geological conditions. Rupture length, rupture area, and surface displacement are calculated from empirical formulas and compared to values measured in the field. Activity on the North Anatolian Fault during the last 60 years is summarized, and existing seismic gaps on the, fault are discussed. Liquefaction-related phenomena and resulting damage are examined in detail. Cyclic-shear stresses are calculated for soil profiles taken from the earthquake region, and used to evaluate the likelihood of liquefaction. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Karaca, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5809-155-4 PY 2000 BP 343 EP 350 PG 8 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA BQ63C UT WOS:000089017600045 ER PT B AU Brodsky, NS AF Brodsky, NS BE Girard, J Liebman, M Breeds, C Doe, T TI Mode I and mixed mode fracture mechanics testing of WIPP salt SO PACIFIC ROCKS 2000: ROCK AROUND THE RIM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th North American Rock Mechanics Symposium (NARMS 2000) CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2000 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Agapito Associates, AGRA Earth & Environm, Andalex Resources Inc, Bakhtar Associates, Chevron Petr Technol Co, Construct & Tunneling Serv Inc, Golder Associates Inc, GRAM Inc, Herrenknecht Tunneling Syst USA Inc, MTS Syst Corp, Robbins Co, Robbins Grp LLC AB The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) is an underground transuranic nuclear waste repository located in bedded salt formations in southeastern New Mexico. Excavation of rooms and shafts at the WIPP will induce deviatoric stresses in the surrounding rock, resulting in inward creep deformation and perhaps in the production of a disturbed rock zone (DRZ) characterized by microfractures. The stress conditions required for crack propagation are described by the material fracture toughness. Mode I (tensile) and mode II (shear) fracture toughness values were obtained for WIPP salt using the single edge cracked half disc specimen (or semicircular bend specimen) in three-point loading. The experimental method and test results are given in this paper. There are many assumptions inherent in applying fracture mechanics techniques to WIPP salt, and these assumptions should be considered in application of the data. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Brodsky, NS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5809-155-4 PY 2000 BP 731 EP 736 PG 6 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA BQ63C UT WOS:000089017600096 ER PT B AU Munson, DE AF Munson, DE BE Girard, J Liebman, M Breeds, C Doe, T TI Spall formation in solution mined storage caverns based on a creep and fracture analysis SO PACIFIC ROCKS 2000: ROCK AROUND THE RIM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th North American Rock Mechanics Symposium (NARMS 2000) CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2000 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Agapito Associates, AGRA Earth & Environm, Andalex Resources Inc, Bakhtar Associates, Chevron Petr Technol Co, Construct & Tunneling Serv Inc, Golder Associates Inc, GRAM Inc, Herrenknecht Tunneling Syst USA Inc, MTS Syst Corp, Robbins Co, Robbins Grp LLC AB Because of limited direct observation, understanding of the interior conditions of the massive storage caverns constructed in Gulf Coast salt domes is realizable only through predictions of salt response. Determination of the potential for formation of salt spalls, leading to eventual salt falls, is based on salt creep and fracture using the Multimechanism-Deformation Coupled Fracture (MCDF) model. This is a continuum model for creep, coupled to continuum damage evolution. The model has been successfully tested against underground results of damage around several test rooms at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). Model simulations, here, evaluate observations made in the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) storage caverns, namely, the accumulation of material on cavern floors and evidence of salt falls. A simulation of a smooth cavern wall indicates damage is maximum at the surface but diminishes monotonically into the salt, which suggests the source of salt accumulation Is surface sluffing. If a protuberance occurs on the wall, fracture damage can form beneath the protuberance, which will eventually cause fracture, and lead to a salt fall. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Munson, DE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5809-155-4 PY 2000 BP 901 EP 908 PG 8 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA BQ63C UT WOS:000089017600119 ER PT B AU Morris, JP Blair, SC AF Morris, JP Blair, SC BE Girard, J Liebman, M Breeds, C Doe, T TI An efficient displacement discontinuity method using fast multipole techniques SO PACIFIC ROCKS 2000: ROCK AROUND THE RIM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th North American Rock Mechanics Symposium (NARMS 2000) CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2000 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Agapito Associates, AGRA Earth & Environm, Andalex Resources Inc, Bakhtar Associates, Chevron Petr Technol Co, Construct & Tunneling Serv Inc, Golder Associates Inc, GRAM Inc, Herrenknecht Tunneling Syst USA Inc, MTS Syst Corp, Robbins Co, Robbins Grp LLC ID STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES; COMPRESSIVE FRACTURE; ELASTICITY; ALGORITHM; PLANE AB The Displacement Discontinuity method has been widely used in geomechanics because it accurately captures the behavior of fractures within a rock mass by explicitly accounting for discontinuities. Unfortunately, boundary element techniques require the interactions between all pairs of elements to be evaluated and traditional approaches to the Displacement Discontinuity method are computationally expensive for large problem sizes. Approximate summation techniques, such as the Fast Multipole Method (FMM), calculate the interactions between N entities in time proportional to N. We have implemented a modified Fast Multipole approach which performs the necessary calculations in optimal time and with reduced memory usage. Furthermore, the FMM introduces parameters which can be selected to give the desired trade-off between efficiency and accuracy. The FMM approach permits much larger problems to be solved using desktop computers, opening up a range of applications. We present results demonstrating the speed of the code and several test cases involving rock fracture in compression. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geophys & Global Secur Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Morris, JP (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geophys & Global Secur Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5809-155-4 PY 2000 BP 959 EP 966 PG 8 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA BQ63C UT WOS:000089017600126 ER PT B AU Rath, JS Pfeifle, TW Hunsche, U AF Rath, JS Pfeifle, TW Hunsche, U BE Girard, J Liebman, M Breeds, C Doe, T TI RATDAMPER - A simple numerical procedure for coupling mechanical and hydrological properties within the disturbed rock zone at the waste isolation pilot plant SO PACIFIC ROCKS 2000: ROCK AROUND THE RIM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th North American Rock Mechanics Symposium (NARMS 2000) CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2000 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Agapito Associates, AGRA Earth & Environm, Andalex Resources Inc, Bakhtar Associates, Chevron Petr Technol Co, Construct & Tunneling Serv Inc, Golder Associates Inc, GRAM Inc, Herrenknecht Tunneling Syst USA Inc, MTS Syst Corp, Robbins Co, Robbins Grp LLC AB A simple numerical procedure for predicting damage and permeability in the disturbed rock zone (DRZ) is given. The empirical procedure predicts damage based on a function of stress tensor invariants. For a wide class of problems hydrologic/mechanical coupling is necessary for proper analysis. The RATDAMPER procedure incorporates dilatant volumetric strain and permeability. It has been implemented in a weakly coupled code, which combines a finite element structural code and a finite difference multi-phase fluid flow code. Using the development of inelastic volumetric strain, a value of permeability can be assigned. This flexibility allows empirical permeability functional relationships to be evaluated. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. RP Rath, JS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5809-155-4 PY 2000 BP 1079 EP 1086 PG 8 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA BQ63C UT WOS:000089017600141 ER PT B AU DiGiovanni, AA Fredrich, JT Holcomb, DJ Olsson, WA AF DiGiovanni, AA Fredrich, JT Holcomb, DJ Olsson, WA BE Girard, J Liebman, M Breeds, C Doe, T TI Micromechanics of compaction in an analogue reservoir sandstone SO PACIFIC ROCKS 2000: ROCK AROUND THE RIM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th North American Rock Mechanics Symposium (NARMS 2000) CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2000 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Agapito Associates, AGRA Earth & Environm, Andalex Resources Inc, Bakhtar Associates, Chevron Petr Technol Co, Construct & Tunneling Serv Inc, Golder Associates Inc, GRAM Inc, Herrenknecht Tunneling Syst USA Inc, MTS Syst Corp, Robbins Co, Robbins Grp LLC ID CATACLASTIC FLOW; BANDS; ROCK AB Energy production, deformation, and fluid transport in reservoirs are linked closely. Recent field, laboratory, and theoretical studies suggest that, under certain stress conditions, compaction of porous rocks may be accommodated by narrow zones of localized compressive deformation oriented perpendicular to the maximum compressive stress. Triaxial compression experiments were performed on Castlegate, an analogue reservoir sandstone, that included acoustic emission detection and location. Initially, acoustic emissions were focused in horizontal bands that initiated at the sample ends (perpendicular to the maximum compressive stress), but with continued loading progressed axially towards the center. This paper describes microscopy studies that were performed to elucidate the micromechanics of compaction during the experiments. The microscopy revealed that compaction of this weakly-cemented sandstone proceeded in two phases: an initial stage of porosity decrease accomplished by breakage of grain contacts and grain rotation, and a second stage of further reduction accommodated by intense grain breakage and rotation. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP DiGiovanni, AA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 26 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 3 PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5809-155-4 PY 2000 BP 1153 EP 1160 PG 8 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA BQ63C UT WOS:000089017600150 ER PT B AU Fossum, AF Fredrich, JT AF Fossum, AF Fredrich, JT BE Girard, J Liebman, M Breeds, C Doe, T TI Cap plasticity models and compactive and dilatant pre-failure deformation SO PACIFIC ROCKS 2000: ROCK AROUND THE RIM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th North American Rock Mechanics Symposium (NARMS 2000) CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2000 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Agapito Associates, AGRA Earth & Environm, Andalex Resources Inc, Bakhtar Associates, Chevron Petr Technol Co, Construct & Tunneling Serv Inc, Golder Associates Inc, GRAM Inc, Herrenknecht Tunneling Syst USA Inc, MTS Syst Corp, Robbins Co, Robbins Grp LLC AB At low mean stresses, porous geomaterials fail by shear localization, and at higher mean stresses, they undergo strain-hardening behavior. Cap plasticity models attempt to model this behavior using a pressure-dependent shear yield and/or shear limit-state envelope with a hardening or hardening/softening elliptical end cap to define pore collapse. While these traditional models describe compactive yield and ultimate shear failure, difficulties arise when the behavior involves a transition from compactive to dilatant deformation that occurs before the shear failure or limit-state shear stress is reached. In this work, a continuous surface cap plasticity model is used to predict compactive and dilatant pre-failure deformation. During loading the stress point can pass freely through the critical state point separating compactive from dilatant deformation. The predicted volumetric strain goes from compactive to dilatant without the use of a non-associated flow rule. The new model is stable in that Drucker's stability postulates are satisfied. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Fossum, AF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 11 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5809-155-4 PY 2000 BP 1169 EP 1176 PG 8 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA BQ63C UT WOS:000089017600152 ER PT B AU Hardy, RD Holcomb, DJ AF Hardy, RD Holcomb, DJ BE Girard, J Liebman, M Breeds, C Doe, T TI Assessing the Disturbed Rock Zone (DRZ) around a 655 meter vertical shaft in salt using ultrasonic waves: An update SO PACIFIC ROCKS 2000: ROCK AROUND THE RIM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th North American Rock Mechanics Symposium (NARMS 2000) CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2000 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Agapito Associates, AGRA Earth & Environm, Andalex Resources Inc, Bakhtar Associates, Chevron Petr Technol Co, Construct & Tunneling Serv Inc, Golder Associates Inc, GRAM Inc, Herrenknecht Tunneling Syst USA Inc, MTS Syst Corp, Robbins Co, Robbins Grp LLC AB An array of ultrasonic transducers was constructed consisting of three identical arrays at various depths in an air intake shaft at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). Each array consists of transducers permanently installed in three holes arranged in an "L" shape. An active array, created by appropriate arrangement of the transducers and selection of transmitter-receiver pairs, allows the measurement of transmitted signal velocities and amplitudes (for attenuation studies) along 216 paths parallel, perpendicular and tangential to the shaft walls. Transducer positions were carefully surveyed, allowing absolute velocity measurements. Installation occurred over a period of about two years beginning in early 1989, with nea;ly continuous operation since that time, resulting in a rare, if not unique, record of the spatial and temporal variability of damage development around an underground opening. This paper reports results from the last two years of operation, updating the results reported by Holcomb,1999. Results will be related to the damage, due to microcracking, required to produce the observed changes. It is expected that the results will be useful to other studies, of the long-term deformation characteristics of salt. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hardy, RD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5809-155-4 PY 2000 BP 1353 EP 1360 PG 8 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA BQ63C UT WOS:000089017600177 ER PT B AU Hopkins, D Haught, R Karaca, M Turler, D Myer, L Kemeny, J Lever, P Lowery, ML AF Hopkins, D Haught, R Karaca, M Turler, D Myer, L Kemeny, J Lever, P Lowery, ML BE Girard, J Liebman, M Breeds, C Doe, T TI Blasting optimization using seismic analysis and x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy SO PACIFIC ROCKS 2000: ROCK AROUND THE RIM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th North American Rock Mechanics Symposium (NARMS 2000) CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2000 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Agapito Associates, AGRA Earth & Environm, Andalex Resources Inc, Bakhtar Associates, Chevron Petr Technol Co, Construct & Tunneling Serv Inc, Golder Associates Inc, GRAM Inc, Herrenknecht Tunneling Syst USA Inc, MTS Syst Corp, Robbins Co, Robbins Grp LLC AB Initial results are presented from a collaborative research project focused on optimization of blasting to achieve optimal fragmentation of rock. Although the proposed technology would increase the cost of drilling and blasting, substantial improvements in process plant throughput have been shown to significantly reduce costs downstream. The potential energy savings resulting from improved blast performance can also be substantial, and there are significant environmental and safety benefits as well. The technical goals of the project include development of sensors and data acquisition systems that will allow three-dimensional characterization of the rock mass using geophysical methods and real-time, measurements of mineral content using x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. Image-processing techniques are being used to perform postblast fragmentation analysis. The ultimate goal of the project is to integrate geophysical and XRF data with drilling and blast data to create an adaptive, online analysis tool to optimize subsequent drilling and blasting. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hopkins, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5809-155-4 PY 2000 BP 1361 EP 1367 PG 7 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA BQ63C UT WOS:000089017600178 ER PT B AU Geist, A Scott, S Schwidder, J AF Geist, A Scott, S Schwidder, J BE Chaudhry, G Sha, E TI M3C - An architecture for monitoring and managing multiple clusters SO PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing Systems CY AUG 08-10, 2000 CL LAS VEGAS, NV SP Int Soc Comp & Their Applicat DE PC clusters; Java; monitoring; administration AB While PC clusters now provide the aggregate power of supercomputers of just a few years ago, they lack the integrated monitoring and administrative tools that are needed to make them easy to use. Simple tasks like performance monitoring or installing software can be quite difficult when the "computer" is rows of PC towers. This Paper describes a Java-based tool suite called M3C (Monitoring and Managing Multiple Clusters) being developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to monitor and administer PC clusters. M3C allows a single system administrator to monitor not just one but several clusters at the same time, which reduces the overhead cost of managing these clusters. The integrated tool suite includes tools for cluster users as well as system administrators. M3C provides a simple, intuitive, web based front-end to what is now an ad hoc set of scripts and programs to monitor PC clusters. This paper describes the overall design of M3C and provides details about each of the six tools presently integrated into the suite. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Geist, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY COMPUTER S & THEIR APPLICATIONS (ISCA) PI RALEIGH PA 8820 SIX FORKS ROAD, RALEIGH, NC 27615 USA BN 1-880843-34-X PY 2000 BP 117 EP 123 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BV69C UT WOS:000179773600020 ER PT B AU Oliker, L Li, X Heber, G Biswas, R AF Oliker, L Li, X Heber, G Biswas, R BE Chaudhry, G Sha, E TI Parallel conjugate gradient: Effects of ordering strategies, programming paradigms, and architectural platforms SO PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing Systems CY AUG 08-10, 2000 CL LAS VEGAS, NV SP Int Soc Comp & Their Applicat ID UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS; MACHINES; MEMORY AB The Conjugate Gradient (CG) algorithm is perhaps the best-known iterative technique to solve sparse linear systems that are symmetric and positive definite. A sparse matrix-vector multiply (SPMV) usually accounts for most of the floating-point operations within a CG iteration. In this paper, we investigate the effects of various ordering and partitioning strategies on the performance of parallel CC and SPMV using different programming paradigms and architectures. Results show that for this class of applications, ordering significantly improves overall performance, that cache reuse may be more important than reducing communication, and that it is possible to achieve message passing performance using shared-memory constructs through careful data ordering and distribution. However, a multithreaded implementation of CG on the Tera NITA does not require special ordering or partitioning to obtain high efficiency and scalability. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Oliker, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Mail Stop 50F, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY COMPUTER S & THEIR APPLICATIONS (ISCA) PI RALEIGH PA 8820 SIX FORKS ROAD, RALEIGH, NC 27615 USA BN 1-880843-34-X PY 2000 BP 178 EP 185 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BV69C UT WOS:000179773600029 ER PT S AU Kamath, C Baldwin, CH Fodor, IK Tang, NA AF Kamath, C Baldwin, CH Fodor, IK Tang, NA BE Shi, H Coffield, PC Sinha, D TI On the design and implementation of a parallel, object-oriented, image processing toolkit SO PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED METHODS FOR IMAGE PROCESSING IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Methods for Image Processing IV CY JUL 30, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE, Soc Ind & Appl Math DE distributed algorithms; image processing; parallel performance; wavelets; object-oriented software ID WAVELET SHRINKAGE AB Advances in technology have enabled us to collect data from observations, experiments, and simulations at an ever increasing pace. As these data sets approach the terabyte and petabyte range, scientists are increasingly using semiautomated techniques from data mining and pattern recognition to find useful information in the data. In order for data mining to be successful, the raw data must first be processed into a form suitable for the detection of patterns. When the data is in the form of images, this can involve a substantial amount of processing on very large data sets. To help make this task more efficient, we are designing and implementing an object-oriented image processing toolkit that, specifically targets massively-parallel, distributed-memory architectures. We first show that it is possible to use object-oriented technology to effectively address the diverse needs of image applications. Next, we describe how we abstract out the similarities in image processing algorithms to enable re-use in our software. We will also discuss the difficulties encountered in parallelizing image algorithms on massively parallel machines as well as the bottlenecks to high performance. We will demonstrate our work using images from an astronomical data set, and illustrate how techniques such as filters and denoising through the thresholding of wavelet coefficients can be applied when a large image is distributed across several processors. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Fodor, IK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, POB 808,L-561, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM kamath2@llnl.gov; baldwin5@llnl.gov; fodor1@llnl.gov; tang10@llnl.gov NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3763-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4118 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1117/12.403590 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BR08Y UT WOS:000165616600001 ER PT S AU Flath, L An, J Brase, J Hurd, R Kartz, M Sawvel, R Silva, D AF Flath, L An, J Brase, J Hurd, R Kartz, M Sawvel, R Silva, D BE Shi, H Coffield, PC Sinha, D TI Real-time control system for adaptive resonator SO PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED METHODS FOR IMAGE PROCESSING IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Methods for Image Processing IV CY JUL 30, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE, Soc Ind & Appl Math DE adaptive optics; real-time control systems; unstable resonators ID OPTICS; LASER AB Sustained operation of high average power solid-state lasers currently requires an adaptive resonator to produce the optimal beam quality. We describe the architecture of a real-time adaptive control system for correcting intra-cavity aberrations in a heat capacity laser. Image data collected from a wavefront sensor an processed and used to control phase with a high-spatial-resolution deformable mirror. Our controller takes advantage of recent developments in low-cost, high-performance processor technology. A desktop-based computational engine and object-oriented software architecture replaces the high-cost rack-mount embedded computers of previous systems. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Flath, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-258, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3763-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4118 BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1117/12.403595 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BR08Y UT WOS:000165616600013 ER PT S AU Baker, M AF Baker, M BE Rolim, J TI GigaBit performance under NT SO PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING, PROCEEDINGS SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDP 2000) CY MAY 01-05, 2000 CL CANCUM, MEXICO SP IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Parallel Process, ACM, SIGARCH DE cluster interconnect; communication network; Gigabit Ethernet; PVM; MPI; performance evaluation AB The recent interest and growing popularity of commodity-based cluster computing has created a demand for low-latency, high-bandwidth interconnect technologies. Early cluster systems have used expensive but fast interconnects such as Myrinet or SCI. Even though these technologies provide low-latency, high-bandwidth communications, the cost of an interface card almost matches that of individual computers in the cluster. Even though these specialist technologies are popular, there is a growing demand for Ethernet which can provide a low-risk and upgradeable path with which to link clusters together. In this paper we compare and contrast the low-level performance of a range of Giganet network cards under Windows NT using MPI and PVM. In the first part of the paper we discuss our motivation and rationale for undertaking this work. We then move on to discuss the systems that we are using and our methods for assessing these technologies. In the second half of the paper we present our results and discuss our findings. In the final section of the paper we summarize our experiences and then briefly mention farther work we intend to undertake. C1 Univ Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO4 8JF, Hants, England. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Hiram Coll, Hiram, OH 44234 USA. RP Baker, M (reprint author), Univ Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO4 8JF, Hants, England. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-67442-X J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2000 VL 1800 BP 39 EP 50 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BT03M UT WOS:000171729800004 ER PT S AU Oliker, L Li, XY Heber, G Biswas, R AF Oliker, L Li, XY Heber, G Biswas, R BE Rolim, J TI Ordering unstructured meshes for sparse matrix computations on leading parallel systems SO PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING, PROCEEDINGS SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDP 2000) CY MAY 01-05, 2000 CL CANCUM, MEXICO SP IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Parallel Process, ACM, SIGARCH AB Computer simulations of realistic applications usually require solving a set of non-linear partial differential equations (PDEs) over a finite region. The process of obtaining numerical solutions to the governing PDEs involves solving large sparse linear or eigen systems over the unstructured meshes that model the underlying physical objects. These systems are often solved iteratively, where the sparse matrix-vector multiply (SPMV) is the most expensive operation within each iteration. In this paper, we focus on the efficiency of SPMV using various ordering/partitioning algorithms. We examine different implementations using three leading programming paradigms and architectures. Results show that ordering greatly improves performance, and that cache reuse can be more important than reducing communication. However, a multithreaded implementation indicates that ordering and partitioning are not required on the Tera MTA to obtain an efficient and scalable SPMV. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cornell Univ, Cornell Theory Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, MRJ, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Oliker, L (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-67442-X J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2000 VL 1800 BP 497 EP 503 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BT03M UT WOS:000171729800060 ER PT S AU Fleischer, LK Hendrickson, B Pinar, A AF Fleischer, LK Hendrickson, B Pinar, A BE Rolim, J TI On identifying strongly connected components in parallel SO PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING, PROCEEDINGS SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDP 2000) CY MAY 01-05, 2000 CL CANCUM, MEXICO SP IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Parallel Process, ACM, SIGARCH ID DEPTH-1ST SEARCH; DIRECTED-GRAPHS; ALGORITHM AB The standard serial algorithm for strongly connected components is based on depth first search, which is difficult to parallelize. We describe a divide-and-conquer algorithm for this problem which has significantly greater potential for parallelization. For a graph with n vertices in which degrees are bounded by a constant, we show the expected serial running time of our algorithm to be O(n log n). C1 Columbia Univ, Ind Engrg & Operat Res, New York, NY 10027 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Fleischer, LK (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Ind Engrg & Operat Res, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-67442-X J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2000 VL 1800 BP 505 EP 511 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BT03M UT WOS:000171729800062 ER PT S AU Stagg, A Hallberg, J Schmidt, J AF Stagg, A Hallberg, J Schmidt, J BE Rolim, J TI A parallel, adaptive refinement scheme for tetrahedral and triangular grids SO PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING, PROCEEDINGS SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDP 2000) CY MAY 01-05, 2000 CL CANCUM, MEXICO SP IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Parallel Process, ACM, SIGARCH AB A grid refinement scheme has been developed for tetrahedral and triangular grid-based calculations in message-passing environments. The element adaption scheme is based on edge bisection of elements marked for refinement by an appropriate error indicator. Hash table/linked list data structures are used to store nodal and element information. The grid along inter-processor boundaries is refined consistently with the update of these data structures via MPI calls. The parallel adaption scheme has been applied to the solution of an unsteady, three-dimensional, nonlinear, groundwater flow problem. Timings indicate efficiency of the grid refinement process relative to the flow solver calculations. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Stagg, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Phys Div, POB 1663,MS P365, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-67442-X J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2000 VL 1800 BP 512 EP 518 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BT03M UT WOS:000171729800063 ER PT B AU Fischer, PF Tufo, HM AF Fischer, PF Tufo, HM BE Keyes, DE Ecer, A Periaux, J Satofuka, N TI High-performance spectral element algorithms and implementations SO PARALLEL COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS: TOWARDS TERAFLOPS, OPTIMIZATION, AND NOVEL FORMULATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics (Parallel CFD 99) CY MAY 23-26, 1999 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP USA, Res Off, IBM Corp, NASA, Natl Sci Fdn, SE Univ Res Assoc AB We describe the development and implementation of a spectral element code for multimillion gridpoint simulations of incompressible flows in general two- and three-dimensional domains. Parallel performance is presented on up to 2048 nodes of the Intel ASCI-Red machine at Sandia National Laboratories. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Fischer, PF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM fischer@mcs.anl.gov; hmt@asci.uchicago.edu NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-82851-6 PY 2000 BP 17 EP 26 DI 10.1016/B978-044482851-4.50006-2 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BS93Q UT WOS:000171438000002 ER PT B AU Gropp, WD Kaushik, DK Keyes, DE Smith, BF AF Gropp, WD Kaushik, DK Keyes, DE Smith, BF BE Keyes, DE Ecer, A Periaux, J Satofuka, N TI Towards realistic performance bounds for implicit CFD codes SO PARALLEL COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS: TOWARDS TERAFLOPS, OPTIMIZATION, AND NOVEL FORMULATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics (Parallel CFD 99) CY MAY 23-26, 1999 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP USA, Res Off, IBM Corp, NASA, Natl Sci Fdn, SE Univ Res Assoc AB The performance of scientific computing applications often achieves a small fraction of peak performance [7,17]. In this paper, we discuss two causes of performance problems-insufficient memory bandwidth and a suboptimal instruction mix-in the context of a complete, parallel, unstructured mesh implicit CFD code. These results show that the performance of our code and of similar implicit codes is limited by the memory bandwidth of RISC-based processor nodes to as little as 10% of peak performance for some critical computational kernels. Limits on the number of basic operations that can be performed in a single clock cycle also limit tho performance of "cache-friendly" parts of the code. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gropp, WD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-82851-6 PY 2000 BP 241 EP 248 DI 10.1016/B978-044482851-4.50030-X PG 8 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BS93Q UT WOS:000171438000026 ER PT B AU Fischer, PF Miller, NI Tufo, HM AF Fischer, PF Miller, NI Tufo, HM BE Bjorstad, P Luskin, M TI An overlapping Schwarz method for spectral element simulation of three-dimensional incompressible flows SO PARALLEL SOLUTION OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS SE IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IMA Workshop on the Parallel Solution of Partial Differential Equations CY JUN 09-13, 1997 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP Natl Sci Fdn, US DOE, USA, Res Off, Inst Math & Applicat DE spectral element methods; domain decomposition; sparse matrices; parallel algorithms ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS AB As the sound speed is infinite for incompressible flows, computation of the pressure constitutes the stiffest component in the time advancement of unsteady simulations. For complex geometries, efficient solution is dependent upon the availability of fast solvers for sparse linear systems. In this paper we develop a Schwarz preconditioner for the spectral element method using overlapping subdomains for the pressure. These local subdomain problems are derived from tensor products of one-dimensional finite element discretizations and admit use of fast diagonalisation methods based upon matrix-matrix products. In addition, we use a coarse grid projection operator whose solution is computed via a fast parallel direct solver. The combination of overlapping Schwarz preconditioning and fast coarse grid solver provides as much as a fourfold reduction in simulation time over previously employed methods based upon deflation for parallel solution of multi-million grid point flow problems. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Fischer, PF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 38 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 0-387-95008-7 J9 IMA VOL MATH APPL PY 2000 VL 120 BP 159 EP 180 PG 22 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA BR36Q UT WOS:000166197000007 ER PT S AU Louis, WC AF Louis, WC CA LSND Collaboration BE Nieves, JF TI Final neutrino oscillation results from LSND SO PARTICLE PHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Tropical Workshop on Particle Physics and Cosmology CY MAY 01-05, 2000 CL SAN JUAN, PR ID FACILITY; DETECTOR; SEARCH AB The LSND experiment at Los Alamos has conducted searches for <()over bar>(mu) --> <()over bar>(e) oscillations using <()over tilde>(mu) from mu (+) decay at rest and for upsilon (mu) --> upsilon (e) oscillations using upsilon (mu) from pi (+) decay in Right. For the <()over bar>(mu) --> <()over bar>(e) search, a total excess of 83.3+/-21.2+/-12.0 events is observed with e(+) energy between 20 and 60 MeV, while for the upsilon (mu) --> upsilon (e) search, a total excess of 18.1+/-5.6+/-4.0 events is observed with e(-) energy between 60 and 200 MeV. If attributed to neutrino oscillations, the most favored allowed region from a fit to the entire data sample is a band from 0.2 to 2.0 eV(2). This result implies that at least one neutrino has a mass greater than 0.4 eV/c(2) and that neutrinos contribute more than 1% to the mass of the universe. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Louis, WC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-965-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 540 BP 93 EP 104 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BR17T UT WOS:000165805800006 ER PT S AU Shaevitz, MH AF Shaevitz, MH BE Nieves, JF TI The Fermilab neutrino oscillation program SO PARTICLE PHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Tropical Workshop on Particle Physics and Cosmology CY MAY 01-05, 2000 CL SAN JUAN, PR ID LSND EXPERIMENT AB There are presently three experimental indications of neutrino oscillations from solar, atmospheric, and the LSND neutrino experiments. In the near future, these indications will be checked using terrestrial neutrino beams. At Fermilab, the Mines and MiniBooNE experiments will make definitive explorations of the atmospheric and LSND results respectively. Studies of a future upsilon -factory program using a muon storage ring show that such a facility would allow measurements of other neutrino mixing parameters, the neutrino mass hierarchy, and possibly CP violations. C1 Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Shaevitz, MH (reprint author), Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-965-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 540 BP 105 EP 121 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BR17T UT WOS:000165805800007 ER PT S AU Nugent, P AF Nugent, P CA SNAP Collaboration BE Nieves, JF TI SNAP: Supernova/acceleration probe - An experiment to measure the properties of the accelerating universe SO PARTICLE PHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Tropical Workshop on Particle Physics and Cosmology CY MAY 01-05, 2000 CL SAN JUAN, PR ID SUPERNOVAE AB A NS-meter satellite telescope with a 1-square-degree optical imager, a small near-In imager, and a three-arm near-UV-to-near-IR spectrograph can discover over 2000 Type Ta supernovae in a year at redshifts between z =0.1 and 1.7, and follow them with high-signal-to-noise calibrated light-curves and spectra. The resulting data set can determine the cosmological parameters with precision: mass density Omega (M) to +/-0.02, vacuum energy density Omega (A) to +/-0.05, and curvature Omega (k) to +/-0.06. The data set can test the nature of the "dark energy" that is apparently accelerating the expansion of the universe. In particular, a cosmological constant dark energy can be differentiated from alternatives including a range of "quintessence" dynamical scalar-field models, by measuring the ratio of the dark energy's pressure to its density to +/-0.05 over a range of redshifts. The large numbers of supernovae across a wide range of redshifts are necessary but not sufficient to accomplish these goals; the controls for systematic uncertainties are primary drivers of the design of this space-based experiment. These systematic and statistical controls cannot be obtained with other ground-based and/or space-based telescopes, either currently in construction or in planning stages. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nugent, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-965-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 540 BP 263 EP 280 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BR17T UT WOS:000165805800014 ER PT S AU Yip, K AF Yip, K CA CDF DO Collaboration BE Nieves, JF TI B physics prospect at Tevatron Run II SO PARTICLE PHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Tropical Workshop on Particle Physics and Cosmology CY MAY 01-05, 2000 CL SAN JUAN, PR AB We give an account of various possible measurements in B physics for the collider experiments, CDF and D Phi, in the coming Tevatron Run II at Fermilab. This includes the measurements of sin(2 beta) and other angles in the unitarity triangle related to the CKM matrix, which may lead to observation of CP violation outside the kaon system. Measurements of mass and lifetime differences, especially for B-s, will be particularly interesting at Tevatron as this probably would not be studied in the present B factories. C1 Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Yip, K (reprint author), Fermilab, POB 500,MS 352, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RI Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013 OI Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-965-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 540 BP 314 EP 327 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BR17T UT WOS:000165805800017 ER PT S AU Montgomery, HE AF Montgomery, HE BE Aubert, JJ Gastmans, R Gerard, JM TI Recent results and perspectives at CDF and DO SO PARTICLE PHYSICS: IDEAS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS SE NATO ADVANCED SCIENCE INSTITUTES SERIES, SERIES C, MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the NATO-Advanced-Study-Institute on Particle Physics: Ideas and Recent Developments CY JUL 26-AUG 07, 1999 CL CARGESE, FRANCE SP Univ Mediterrance, Univ Paris Sud, CERN, Katolieke Univ Leuven, Univ Cathol Louvain, Ecole Normale Super, Univ Pierre Marie Curie ID P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; HIGGS BOSONS; (P)OVER-BAR-P COLLISIONS; DIPHOTON EVENTS; CROSS-SECTION; CP-VIOLATION; SEARCH; DECAYS; TEVATRON AB Over the course of the past years the experimental measurements performed by the two large collaborations, CDF and DO, at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider have fueled advances in our understanding of physics at the energy frontier. At the present time the accelerator complex and the two detectors are undergoing substantial improvements. In this paper, we provide a discussion of some recent results which in turn provides a framework within which we can look to future prospects. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Montgomery, HE (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0258-2023 BN 0-7923-6435-X J9 NATO ADV SCI I C-MAT PY 2000 VL 555 BP 213 EP 234 PG 22 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR41V UT WOS:000166342500008 ER PT S AU Vogt, R AF Vogt, R BE Ayala, A Contreras, G Herrera, G TI Charm hadroproduction SO PARTICLES AND FIELDS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Mexican Workshop on Particles and Fields CY NOV 10-17, 1999 CL MERIDA, MEXICO SP CINVESTAV, Unidad Merida, Mexican Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields ID HEAVY-QUARK PRODUCTION; PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTIONS; INTRINSIC CHARM; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; NUCLEUS INTERACTIONS; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; BOTTOM PRODUCTION; MESON PRODUCTION; LEADING CHARM; ASYMMETRIES AB These lectures provide a brief overview of heavy quark production in QCD. We begin with a review of heavy quark production beyond leading order. Some puzzling aspects of charm production, not described by perturbative QCD alone, are touched upon. The intrinsic charm model is then introduced and some of its predictions are described. It is shown how the intrinsic charm probability is obtained from the charm structure function. The model is compared to hadroproduction data with a Sigma (-) beam and the expected results for a new experiment at CERN are described. Only charm is discussed here but other, heavier, quarks can be treated identically. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vogt@mail-nsdth.lbl.gov NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-954-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 531 BP 152 EP 171 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR01T UT WOS:000165399600009 ER PT S AU Sheen, D McMakin, D Hall, TE AF Sheen, D McMakin, D Hall, TE BE Smith, RM Appleby, R TI Combined illumination cylindrical millimeter-wave imaging technique for concealed weapon detection SO PASSIVE MILLIMETER-WAVE IMAGING TECHNOLOGY IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging Technology IV CY APR 26, 2000 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE weapon detection; millimeter-wave imaging; explosive detection; surveillance AB A novel millimeter-wave imaging technique has been developed for personnel surveillance applications, including the detection of concealed weapons, explosives, drugs, and other contraband material. Millimeter-waves are high-frequency radio waves in the frequency band of 30-300 GHz, and pose no health threat to humans at moderate power levels. These waves readily penetrate common clothing materials, and are reflected by the human body and by concealed items. The combined illumination cylindrical imaging concept consists of a vertical, high-resolution, millimeter-wave array of antennas which is scanned in a cylindrical manner about the person under surveillance. Using a computer, the data from this scan is mathematically reconstructed into a series of focused 3-D images of the person. After reconstruction, the images are combined into a single high-resolution three-dimensional image of the person under surveillance. This combined image is then rendered using 3-D computer graphics techniques. The combined cylindrical illumination is critical as it allows the display of information from all angles. This is necessary because millimeter-waves do not penetrate the body. Ultimately, the images displayed to the operator will be icon-based to protect the privacy of the person being screened. Novel aspects of this technique include the cylindrical scanning concept and the image reconstruction algorithm, which was developed specifically for this imaging system. An engineering prototype based on this cylindrical imaging technique has been fabricated and tested. This work has been sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). C1 US Dept Energy, Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Sheen, D (reprint author), US Dept Energy, Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 6 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 9 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3658-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4032 BP 52 EP 60 DI 10.1117/12.391820 PG 9 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BQ87Z UT WOS:000089913900008 ER PT B AU Sheppard, JD AF Sheppard, JD BE Martell, B Bolton, A McLaughlin, S TI Seek to be reconciled - Mediate this needless destruction SO PATHS OF PEACE: AS THE SKY MEETS THE EARTH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Annual Peace Colloquy on Sky Meets the Earth CY OCT 23-25, 1999 CL INDEPENDENCE, MO C1 US DOE, Environm Restorat & Waste Management Program, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HERALD PUBLISHING HOUSE PI INDEPENDENCE PA POB 390, INDEPENDENCE, MO 64051 USA BN 0-8309-0939-7 PY 2000 BP 112 EP 119 PG 8 WC Environmental Studies; Religion SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Religion GA BR44V UT WOS:000166443300008 ER PT B AU Gordon, L AF Gordon, L BE Martell, B Bolton, A McLaughlin, S TI Valuing God's creativity; presence: Sacramental stewardship, evolutionary creativity, and the destruction of biodiversity SO PATHS OF PEACE: AS THE SKY MEETS THE EARTH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Annual Peace Colloquy on Sky Meets the Earth CY OCT 23-25, 1999 CL INDEPENDENCE, MO ID ECOLOGY C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HERALD PUBLISHING HOUSE PI INDEPENDENCE PA POB 390, INDEPENDENCE, MO 64051 USA BN 0-8309-0939-7 PY 2000 BP 148 EP 177 PG 30 WC Environmental Studies; Religion SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Religion GA BR44V UT WOS:000166443300011 ER PT B AU Chin, G Schuchardt, K Myers, J Gracio, D AF Chin, G Schuchardt, K Myers, J Gracio, D BE Cherkasky, T Greenbaum, J Mambrey, P Pors, JK TI Participatory workflow analysis: Unveiling scientific research processes with physical scientists SO PDC 2000: PROCEEDINGS OF THE PARTICIPATORY DESIGN CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Biennial Participatory Design Conference CY NOV 28-DEC 01, 2000 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Comp Profess Social Responsibil, Assoc Comp Machinery, Int Federat Informat Proc DE scientific workflow; workflow management systems; workflow analysis; problem-solving environments; participatory design; domain analysis; data flow diagrams AB We are working with physical scientists from a diversity of domains to design and develop problem-solving environments for scientific research. This paper describes our cur-rent efforts in conducting domain analysis with different classes of physical scientists. We have employed a method we call participatory workflow analysis, which allows scientists to easily construct, evolve, and decompose workflow diagrams. Using this analysis approach, the scientists have been able to elucidate and document their various research and problem-solving functions and processes. The motivation of this paper is to share our general experiences and findings from our application of participatory workflow analysis with physical scientists. We will describe the participatory workflow analysis approach, show examples from its usage, and present some of our findings from the analysis. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chin, G (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMPUTER PROFESSIONALS SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PI PALO ALTO PA PO BOX 717, PALO ALTO, CA 94301 USA BN 0-9667818-1-3 PY 2000 BP 30 EP 39 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BU24Q UT WOS:000175459000004 ER PT S AU Sokolov, MA Merkle, JG AF Sokolov, MA Merkle, JG BE Siewert, TA Manahan, MP TI Estimation of NDT and crack-arrest toughness from Charpy force-displacement traces SO PENDULUM IMPACT TESTING: A CENTURY OF PROGRESS SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Pendulum Impact Testing: A Century of Progress held in Conjunction with the Standards Development Meetings CY MAY 19-20, 1999 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat Comm, E 28 Mech Testing, Amer Soc Testing & Mat Comm, Subcomm E 28 7 Impact Testing DE Charpy; crack-arrest; nil-ductility transition; instrumented trace; Weibull statistics AB A force-displacement trace of a Charpy impact test of a reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel in the transition range has a characteristic point, the so-called "force at the end of unstable crack propagation," F-a. A two-parameter Weibull probability function is used to model the distribution of the F-a in Charpy tests performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) on different RPV steels in the unirradiated and irradiated conditions. These data have a good replication at a given test temperature, thus, the statistical analysis was applicable. It is shown that when temperature is normalized to T-NDT, using (T - T-NDT), or to T-100a, using (T - T-100a), the median F-n values of different RPV steels have a tendency to form the same shape of temperature dependence. Depending on normalization temperature, T-NDT or T-100a, the results suggest a universal shape of the temperature dependence off, for different RPV steels. The best fits for these temperature dependencies are presented. These dependencies are suggested for use in estimation of nil-ductility transition (NDT) or T-100a from randomly generated Charpy impact tests. The linear least squares and maximum likelihood methods are used to derive equations to estimate T-NDT and T-100a from randomly generated Charpy impact tests. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sokolov, MA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 1040-1695 BN 0-8031-2864-9 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2000 IS 1380 BP 382 EP 393 DI 10.1520/STP14408S PG 12 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA BR64U UT WOS:000167067000025 ER PT S AU Davis, AW Hills, CR Sheats, MJ Claytor, TN AF Davis, AW Hills, CR Sheats, MJ Claytor, TN BE Doty, FP Barber, HB Roehrig, H Morton, EJ TI High-energy X-ray and neutron modeling and digital imaging for nondestructive testing applications SO PENETRATING RADIATION SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Penetrating Radiation Systems and Applications II CY AUG 02-03, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE Monte Carlo Simulation; MCNP; amorphous silicon; high-energy radiography; radiography; simulated radiography; neutron radiography; computed tomography simulation AB Adapting amorphous silicon imagers to the rigors of nondestructive evaluation has required the creation of new tools and techniques for successful detection of flaws in dense objects. At Los Alamos National Laboratory, extensive use of digital imagers and a desire to replace film with digital systems has led to additional research into modeling and simulation with an ultimate goal of improved techniques for using these imagers. The imagers have been used with varying success at x-ray energies ranging from 70 keV to 20 MeV, as well as with a variety of neutron energies at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). To simulate these diverse situations, a new version of the Monte Carlo Neutron/Photon (MCNP) simulation package, developed at Los Alamos, is employed (MCNP-X). The rapid simulation of various setups allows the rapid development of techniques without extensive and costly experimentation or test blocks. The simulations cover digital radiography as well as computed tomography. The results of these simulations leads to several techniques for digital radiography and computed tomography unique to amorphous silicon imagers, and provides additional information concerning the transition from film to digital imaging. Specifically, techniques have been developed to use the order of magnitude speed advantage of amorphous silicon detectors to provide density resolution in ways not possible with film. Also, the viability of amorphous silicon detectors at extremely high energies (1-20 MeV) is simulated and tested experimentally. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, ESA MT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Davis, AW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, ESA MT, MS C914, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3787-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4142 BP 108 EP 118 DI 10.1117/12.410552 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BR89V UT WOS:000167975100013 ER PT S AU Wehlburg, JC Jacobs, J Shope, SL Lockwood, GJ Selph, MM AF Wehlburg, JC Jacobs, J Shope, SL Lockwood, GJ Selph, MM BE Doty, FP Barber, HB Roehrig, H Morton, EJ TI Bomb detection using backscattered x-ray radiography SO PENETRATING RADIATION SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Penetrating Radiation Systems and Applications II CY AUG 02-03, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE bomb detection; x-ray radiography; backscattered x-ray AB The primary method used to determine if an unattended package is dangerous is currently transmission radiography. This system has two main drawbacks. First, the film must be placed on one side of the package and an x-ray source on the other side of the package. An arrangement that cannot always be achieved due to the position of the package. The other drawback is that the package may detonate before the film is removed and all the information about the package lost. By modifying a backscattered x-ray radiography apparatus for detecting landmines, Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) has developed a system for bomb detection. The system eliminates the use of film behind the target and all of the detection is done from the same side as the source. The system is also computer controlled so that if the package does explode before the complete image is generated, all the information that has been gathered is saved. Due to the simplicity of the system, it could be deployed by a robot to further reduce the risk to humans. images of mock bombs have been collected in a variety of settings and the components were readily identified. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wehlburg, JC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0980, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3787-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4142 BP 136 EP 141 DI 10.1117/12.410555 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BR89V UT WOS:000167975100016 ER PT S AU Eastell, CJ Lin, YK Miller, DJ AF Eastell, CJ Lin, YK Miller, DJ BE WongNg, W Holesinger, T Riley, G Guo, R TI The effect of lattice mismatch on epitaxial La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 thin films. SO PEROVSKITE OXIDES FOR ELECTRONIC, ENERGY CONVERSION, AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY APPLICATIONS SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Focused Session on Perovskite Oxides for Electronic, Energy Conversion, and Energy Efficiency Applications at the 101st Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-28, 1999 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Amer Ceram Soc, Electr Div ID MAGNETORESISTANCE; LA0.7CA0.3MNO3; STRAIN AB We present a study of the effect of lattice mismatch on the structure and magneto-transport properties of La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO) epitaxial films. Pulsed laser deposition was used to synthesize epitaxial LCMO thin films on LaAlO3 (LAO), NdGaO3 (NGO), SrTiO3 (STO), and MgO substrates. Our results show that the nature of the lattice mismatch and the structure of the substrate governs the microstructure of the film. The microstructure consists of domains of two crystal structures, a pseudo-cubic phase and a monoclinic phase. The monoclinic phase forms as the film relaxes away from the interface, with an orientation dependent on whether the film is under a tensile or compressive inplane strain. A special case is observed on NGO where the orthorhombic nature of the substrate results in the alignment of the monoclinic phase so that its long axis is in the plane. The observation of an in-plane anisotropy in the magnetoresistance data for LCMO on NGO suggests that the monoclinic phase is important in explaining the magneto-transport properties. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Eastell, CJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-091-2 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2000 VL 104 BP 137 EP 147 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BR45L UT WOS:000166449200011 ER PT S AU Holesinger, T Bingert, J Li, Q Parrella, R Rupich, M Riley, G AF Holesinger, T Bingert, J Li, Q Parrella, R Rupich, M Riley, G BE WongNg, W Holesinger, T Riley, G Guo, R TI Microstructural analysis of potential current limiting mechanisms in (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3Oy superconducting tapes SO PEROVSKITE OXIDES FOR ELECTRONIC, ENERGY CONVERSION, AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY APPLICATIONS SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Focused Session on Perovskite Oxides for Electronic, Energy Conversion, and Energy Efficiency Applications at the 101st Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-28, 1999 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Amer Ceram Soc, Electr Div ID PHASE; BI AB The transport characteristics of (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3Oy (Bi2223) silver-sheathed composite tapes are determined by current flow across grain boundaries in a polycrystalline conductor. However, structural and compositional defects limit the critical current density of the tapes. With this in mind, Bi2223 tapes (70 kA/cm(2) at 77K) from American Superconductor were examined in the scanning and transmission electron microscopes to identify aspects of the microstructure that may be potential current-limiting mechanisms (CLM's)(l). In particular, it was shown that the variability of lead in the superconducting phase is limited to the immediate region around the lead-rich 3221 phase. The formation of crack structures and their partial healing in the final heat treatments were examined. Secondary phases present in the tapes during intermediate deformation are prime sources for formation of large, extended crack structures. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Holesinger, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1668,MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-091-2 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2000 VL 104 BP 155 EP 162 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BR45L UT WOS:000166449200013 ER PT S AU Kramer, MJ Wu, H Dennis, KW McCallum, RW AF Kramer, MJ Wu, H Dennis, KW McCallum, RW BE WongNg, W Holesinger, T Riley, G Guo, R TI Processing for enhanced superconductivity and flux pinning in LR1+xBa2-xCu3O7 SO PEROVSKITE OXIDES FOR ELECTRONIC, ENERGY CONVERSION, AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY APPLICATIONS SE Ceramic Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Focused Session on Perovskite Oxides for Electronic, Energy Conversion, and Energy Efficiency Applications at the 101st Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-28, 1999 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Amer Ceram Soc, Electr Div ID OXYGEN PARTIAL-PRESSURE; BA-CU-O; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; SOLID-SOLUTION; T-C; SYSTEM; ND; SOLUBILITY; GD AB Unlike YB2Cu3O7-delta which forms only a stoichiometric compound, the light rare earth (LR = La, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd) elements form a solid solution of LR1+XBa2-XCu3O7+delta (LR123ss) with increasing substitution of LR3+ for Ba2+ as the ionic radii of the rare earth increases. By substituting a LR3+ for the Ba2+, the charge transfer from the planes to chains is diminished, localizing holes and suppressing superconductivity. Since the solubility limits of the LR on the Ba site vary with ionic radii and oxygen partial pressure (Po,), this provides a means of locally suppressing the superconducting order parameter for superconductivity and increasing flux pinning. An understanding of the Po, and temperature dependence of the solubility limits can provide guidelines for obtaining high T-c with high intrinsic critical currents (J(c)) in mixed rare-earth 123 systems. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kramer, MJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-091-2 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2000 VL 104 BP 179 EP 192 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BR45L UT WOS:000166449200015 ER PT S AU Balachandran, U Lelovic, M Prorok, BC Selvamanickam, V Haldar, P AF Balachandran, U Lelovic, M Prorok, BC Selvamanickam, V Haldar, P BE WongNg, W Holesinger, T Riley, G Guo, R TI Fabrication and characterization of Ag-CLAD Bi-2223 tapes SO PEROVSKITE OXIDES FOR ELECTRONIC, ENERGY CONVERSION, AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY APPLICATIONS SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Focused Session on Perovskite Oxides for Electronic, Energy Conversion, and Energy Efficiency Applications at the 101st Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-28, 1999 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Amer Ceram Soc, Electr Div ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES; PHASE-FORMATION; SHEATHED TAPES; THIN-LAYER; TRANSPORT; MODEL; MAGNETIZATION; BI1.8PB0.4SR2.0CA2.2CU3.0OY; BOUNDARIES AB The powder-in-tube (PIT) technique was used to fabricate multifilament (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr(2)Ca(2)Cu(3)Oy (Bi-2223) superconducting tapes. Transport current properties of these tapes were enhanced by increasing the packing density of the precursor powder and improving the mechanical deformation condition. A critical current (I-C) of > 35 A in long lengths (> 200 m) tapes has been achieved. In measuring the dependence of critical current density on magnetic field and temperature for the optimally processed tapes, we found a Je of >10(4) A/cm(2) at 20 K in magnetic fields up to 3 T and parallel to the c-axis, which is of interest for use in refrigerator-cooled magnets. Ic declined exponentially when an external field was applied perpendicular to the tape surface at 77 K. Mechanical stability was tested for tapes sheathed with pure Ag and Ag-Mg alloy. Tapes made with pure Ag sheathing can withstand a tensile stress of approximate to 20 MPa with no detrimental effect on I, values. Mechanical performance was improved by using Ag-Mg alloy sheathing: values of transport critical current began to decrease at the tensile stress of approximate to 100 MPa. Transport current measurements on tapes wound on a mandrel of 3.81 cm (1.5 in.) diameter at 30 degrees to the longitudinal axis, showed a reduction of approximate to 10% in I-C values for pure Ag-sheathed tapes and 5% reduction in I-C values for Ag-Mg sheathed tapes, compared with the I-C values of as-coiled tapes. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Balachandran, U (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-091-2 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2000 VL 104 BP 193 EP 204 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BR45L UT WOS:000166449200016 ER PT S AU Goyal, A Feenstra, R List, FA Paranthaman, M Lee, DF Kroeger, DM Beach, DB Morrell, JS Chirayil, TG Verebelyi, DT Cui, X Specht, ED Christen, DK Williams, RK Martin, PM AF Goyal, A Feenstra, R List, FA Paranthaman, M Lee, DF Kroeger, DM Beach, DB Morrell, JS Chirayil, TG Verebelyi, DT Cui, X Specht, ED Christen, DK Williams, RK Martin, PM BE WongNg, W Holesinger, T Riley, G Guo, R TI Next generation high temperature superconducting wire using the RABiTS process SO PEROVSKITE OXIDES FOR ELECTRONIC, ENERGY CONVERSION, AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY APPLICATIONS SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Focused Session on Perovskite Oxides for Electronic, Energy Conversion, and Energy Efficiency Applications at the 101st Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-28, 1999 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Amer Ceram Soc, Electr Div ID ELECTRON-BEAM EVAPORATION; CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; BUFFER LAYERS; THICK-FILMS; DEPOSITION; TAPES; NI AB It is well established that in order for many large-scale bulk applications of HTS materials to be realized the cost/performance of HTS conductors needs to be optimized. From a superconducting performance standpoint, a long, flexible, single crystal-like wire is required. From a cost and fabrication standpoint, an industrially scalable, low cost process is required. Both of these critical requirements are met by a conductor fabrication technique referred to as Rolling assisted biaxially textured substrates (RABiTS). RABiTS employs simple, scaleabre, thermomechanical processing techniques to obtain a near single crystal-like, flexible metal substrate in arbitrary lengths on which epitaxial oxide buffer layers and superconductors are then deposited. High J(c)'s approaching 3 MA/cm(2), similar to the values obtained on single crystal ceramic substrates such as SrTiO3, have been achieved on epitaxially grown YBCO films on RABiTS using thermomechanically biaxially textured Ni as the starting template. This has been made possible by modifications to the thermomechanical processing to obtain a very sharp cube texture with FWHM of the in-plane texture of 7 degrees and out-of-plane texture of 6 degrees. Orientation image micrographs of an epitaxial YBCO film on a RABiT substrate with a J(c) of 1.6 MA/cm(2) at 77K, show that most of the film is percolatively connected within 2 degrees. For many large-scale applications, high purity Ni is not acceptable due to its magnetic nature and its low mechanical strength and modulus. This had been viewed until now as a possible fundamental limitation of this technique. Successful fabrication of single orientation (100%), biaxially textured, non-magnetic and strengthened Ni-Cr and Ni-V substrates has now been accomplished. Furthermore, significant progress has been made in depositing single orientation, epitaxial oxide buffer layers on cube-textured Ni using very low cost, non-vacuum techniques such as dip-coating of sol-gel precursors. High-J(c),, epitaxial YBCO firms have been made on RABiTS by heat treatment of a precursor deposited at room temperature, thereby enabling easy scaleup of all parts of the process. Six US companies are currently working with Oak Ridge National Laboratory to scaleup conductor fabrication based on the RABiTS technology. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Goyal, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6116, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015; Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531; Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-091-2 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2000 VL 104 BP 205 EP 218 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BR45L UT WOS:000166449200017 ER PT S AU Groves, JR Arendt, PN Jia, QX Foltyn, SR DePaula, RF Dowden, PC Kinder, LR Fan, Y Peterson, EJ AF Groves, JR Arendt, PN Jia, QX Foltyn, SR DePaula, RF Dowden, PC Kinder, LR Fan, Y Peterson, EJ BE WongNg, W Holesinger, T Riley, G Guo, R TI High critical current density PLD YBCO deposited on highly textured IBAD MgO buffer layers SO PEROVSKITE OXIDES FOR ELECTRONIC, ENERGY CONVERSION, AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY APPLICATIONS SE CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Focused Session on Perovskite Oxides for Electronic, Energy Conversion, and Energy Efficiency Applications at the 101st Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 25-28, 1999 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Amer Ceram Soc, Electr Div ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED-ZIRCONIA; THIN-FILMS; POLYCRYSTALLINE AB Ion-beam assisted deposition (IBAD) was used to form bi-axially textured MgO films. These (001) oriented films were used as template layers for the subsequent growth of hi-axially textured YBCO films deposited by pursed laser deposition (PLD). The complete materials system architecture consisted of polished YSZ ceramic substrates, an initial layer of amorphous Si3N4 the IBAD MgO film, an e-beam deposited MgO film, a PLD SrTiO3, buffer layer, and the final PLD YBCO film. X-ray diffraction phi scans for these films resulted in full width half-maximum (FWHM) values of 7 degrees for the MgO template and 2.1 degrees for the best-textured PLD YBCO film. The transport critical current density (75K, self-field) for this YBCO film was 3.1 MA/cm(2). C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Groves, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 1042-1122 BN 1-57498-091-2 J9 CERAM TRANS PY 2000 VL 104 BP 219 EP 226 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BR45L UT WOS:000166449200018 ER PT B AU Stocks, GM AF Stocks, GM BE Turchi, PEA Gonis, A TI Electronic origins of alloy phase stability from a first principles concentration functional approach SO PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS AND EVOLUTION IN MATERIALS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Phase Transformations and Evolution in Materials at the 2000 TMS Annual Meeting CY MAR 12-16, 2000 CL NASHVILLE, TN SP Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Joint EMPMD/SMD, Alloy Phase Comm ID COHERENT-POTENTIAL-APPROXIMATION; TRANSITION-METAL ALLOYS; SHORT-RANGE ORDER; ANOMALOUS TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; DIFFUSE-SCATTERING INTENSITY; RANDOM SUBSTITUTIONAL ALLOYS; AG-MG ALLOYS; 2ND-NEIGHBOR INTERACTIONS; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; MADELUNG LATTICE AB The origins, successes, and limitations of the first principles concentration functional theory of ordering and phase stability developed in the early 80's are reviewed. When combined with the first principles KKR-CPA method for describing the electronic structure of solid solution alloys, the concentration functional approach provides a direct way of relating clustering and short-range order to the underlying electronic structure of the disordered phase. Applications of the concentration functional method to a number of classical problems in alloy theory are reviewed. The focus of the discussion is on understanding the underlying electronic driving mechanisms - Fermi surface nesting, band filling, charge transfer - that give rise to the observed ordering behavior. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008-6114, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Stocks, George Malcollm/Q-1251-2016 OI Stocks, George Malcollm/0000-0002-9013-260X NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-468-2 PY 2000 BP 321 EP 352 PG 32 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BQ45G UT WOS:000088384600020 ER PT B AU Schwarz, RB Khachaturyan, AG AF Schwarz, RB Khachaturyan, AG BE Turchi, PEA Gonis, A TI Thermodynamic model for the hysteresis in metal-hydrogen systems SO PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS AND EVOLUTION IN MATERIALS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Phase Transformations and Evolution in Materials at the 2000 TMS Annual Meeting CY MAR 12-16, 2000 CL NASHVILLE, TN SP Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Joint EMPMD/SMD, Alloy Phase Comm ID ALLOYS AB A phenomenon common to most metal/hydrogen systems is the presence of hysteresis in their cyclic absorption/desorption characteristics. Because hysteresis on a reversible transformation is indicative of a dissipative mechanism, early models [1] attributed the hysteresis to the plastic deformation needed to accommodate the volume change upon hydride formation. A friction model, however, cannot explain the reproducibility of the hysteresis over thousand of cycles. We propose that the hysteresis is an intrinsic thermodynamic phenomenon caused by the coherency strains between the parent metal phase and the transformed hydride phase. In this paper, we summarize the salient features of the model and explain its relevance to known metal/hydrogen systems. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schwarz, RB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-468-2 PY 2000 BP 353 EP 370 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BQ45G UT WOS:000088384600021 ER PT J AU Sun, S Adams, BL King, WE AF Sun, S Adams, BL King, WE TI Observations of lattice curvature near the interface of a deformed aluminium bicrystal SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID STAINLESS-STEEL; DEFORMATION; ORIENTATION AB Reported here is a study of the pattern of lattice curvature near the interface of deformed high-purity aluminium (99.9999%) bicrystals of specified crystallographic character (large-angle random). Curvature data are obtained from electron back-scattering diffraction pattern observations using orientation imaging microscopy. The concept of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) is used as the central tool in the description of the observations. The samples studied were channel-die compressed perpendicular to the interface to plastic strain levels of 0.1 and 0.3. At a strain level of 0.1 the primary observation is the development of a pile-up of GNDs (i.e. lattice curvature) near the interface. At the higher strain level of 0.3, however, a dramatic change in the distribution is observed. The nature of this change suggests that the interface has absorbed (or emitted) some components of the nearby GND field, with an accompanying change in the local character of the interface towards a broader dispersion of misorientation character. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA. RP Sun, S (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 25 TC 161 Z9 162 U1 3 U2 27 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 80 IS 1 BP 9 EP 25 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 272ZY UT WOS:000084682400002 ER PT J AU Jin, Z Gray, GT Yamaguchi, M AF Jin, Z Gray, GT Yamaguchi, M TI Deformation of a 45 degrees <(3)over-bar21 > oriented polysynthetically twinned TiAl crystal at high strain rate and high temperature SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID DISLOCATION CONFIGURATIONS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; PST CRYSTALS; AL ALLOYS; ORIENTATION RELATIONSHIPS; LAMELLAR STRUCTURE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; YIELD STRESS; MECHANISMS; DEPENDENCE AB Dislocation microstructures in individual domains in a 45 degrees(<(3)over bar 21>) oriented polysynthetically twinned TiAl crystal deformed in compression at a strain rate of 3000 s(-1) and a temperature of 800 degrees C were characterized. Ordinary dislocation slip was found to be the dominant deformation mode for the deformation of domains [II], [V] and [VI] where the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) foil normals were close to [0(1) over bar 1], [01(1) over bar] and [<(1)over bar 01>], respectively; mechanical twinning and superdislocation slip were found to be the complementary deformation modes to accommodate the deformation of these domains. Domain [I], where the TEM foil normals were close to [<(1)over bar 10>], was observed to be minimally (or barely) deformed under the deformation conditions imposed. Although mechanical twinning dominated the deformation of domains [III] and [IV] where the TEM foil normals were close to [10(1) over bar] and [1(1) over bar 0], respectively, dislocation slip within untwinned matrices was also observed. The majority of the dislocations observed in domains [III] and [IV] were the 1/2[110] ordinary dislocations. A correlation of the dominant deformation modes in the individual domains with the mechanical response of the crystal suggests that the yield stress of Ti-rich TiAl alloys is determined either by ordinary dislocation slip or by mechanical twinning or by both, dependent upon the sample orientation. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Kyoto Univ, Dept Met Sci & Technol, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 606, Japan. RP Jin, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 80 IS 1 BP 49 EP 68 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 272ZY UT WOS:000084682400004 ER PT J AU Wang, P Kumar, M Vasudevan, VK AF Wang, P Kumar, M Vasudevan, VK TI Geometrical and structural characteristics of stacking fault-antiphase-boundary interactions in the massive gamma(m) phase in a quenched Ti-46.5 at.% Al alloy SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID PLANAR FAULTS; TIAL ALLOYS; TRANSFORMATION; DISSOCIATION; DISLOCATIONS; MECHANISMS; ENERGIES; REGIONS AB The geometrical and structural characteristics of interactions between stacking faults (SFs) and antiphase boundaries (APBs) in the massive gamma (gamma(m)) phase, formed in a Ti-46.5 at.% Al alloy quenched from the high-temperature alpha phase, were analysed using atomic models. The analysis confirms the transmission electron microscopy observations that SFs bound by 1/6(121) Shockley partial dislocations of all possible types present in the gamma(m) phase are superlattice intrinsic stacking faults in nature, and that the APBs connect only with the 1/6(121) partial dislocations, but not with the 1/6(112) type. Furthermore, it clarifies the formation of an intermediate disordered fee phase during the alpha-to-gamma(m) massive transformation to account for these defect configurations. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Brown Univ, Div Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM vvasudev@uceng.uc.edu NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 80 IS 1 BP 185 EP 199 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 272ZY UT WOS:000084682400012 ER PT J AU Kwon, C Kinder, LR Fan, Y Gim, Y Findikoglu, AT Bingert, JF Coulter, JY Foltyn, SR Peterson, DE Jia, QX AF Kwon, C Kinder, LR Fan, Y Gim, Y Findikoglu, AT Bingert, JF Coulter, JY Foltyn, SR Peterson, DE Jia, QX TI Improved superconducting properties of SmBa2Cu3O7-delta films using YBa2Cu3O7-delta buffer layers SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE; SRTIO3; GROWTH AB We report the fabrication of SmBa2Cu3O7-delta (Sm123) films on YBa2Cu3O7-delta (Y123) buffer layers 10-20 nm thick using pulsed-laser deposition. Significant improvement in the superconducting properties of Sm123 such as T-c and J(c) has been observed when Y123 buffer layers are used on various substrates (LaAlO3, SrTiO3, NdGaO3 and CeO2/(yttrium-stabilized zirconia)). The buffered Sm123 films have a high T-c of 93.1 K and a high J(c) of 1.9 x 10(6) A cm(-2) at 75 K in zero magnetic field. Compared with Y123, the buffered Sm123 samples have comparable microwave surface resistance values and pinning characteristics with reduced anisotropy measured by the angle-dependent I-c. The effects of the Y123 buffer layer on the superconducting properties of Sm123 are investigated and discussed in relation to the initial film growth chemistry and the substitution of Sm on Ba sites. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kwon, C (reprint author), Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Phys & Astron, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 10 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 80 IS 1 BP 45 EP 51 DI 10.1080/13642810008218338 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 272ZZ UT WOS:000084682500005 ER PT J AU Lawson, AC Martinez, B Roberts, JA Bennett, BI Richardson, JW AF Lawson, AC Martinez, B Roberts, JA Bennett, BI Richardson, JW TI Melting of the light actinides SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID ELEMENTS AB In this paper, we apply the Lindemann melting rule to the analysis of Debye-Waller factor data obtained by neutron powder diffraction for several light actinide phases. The anomalous melting points of the light actinides can be understood in terms of the temperature dependences of their elastic properties. We have extended the Lindemann rule to include temperature-induced elastic softening. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lawson, AC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 80 IS 1 BP 53 EP 59 DI 10.1080/13642810008218339 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 272ZZ UT WOS:000084682500006 ER PT J AU Wan, J Zhan, CG AF Wan, J Zhan, CG TI Generalized correlation of P=O and P=S bond stretching vibrational frequencies with electronic structure in organophosphorus compounds SO PHOSPHORUS SULFUR AND SILICON AND THE RELATED ELEMENTS LA English DT Article DE P=O bond stretching frequency; P=S bond stretching frequency; maximum bond order hybrid orbital; correlation analysis; organophosphorus compound ID SPIN COUPLING-CONSTANTS; MNDO PARAMETERS; ATOMS AB A generalized relationship has been employed to correlate P=O and P=S bond stretching frequencies with molecular electronic structures for organophosphorus compounds. The calculated results are in good agreement with the available experimental data. The standard deviations are only 3.7 and 5.4 cm(-1) for the P=O and P=S bonds, respectively. C1 Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Chem, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. RP Zhan, CG (reprint author), Battelle NW, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mailstop K2-21, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING RG1 8JL, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1042-6507 J9 PHOSPHORUS SULFUR JI Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem. PY 2000 VL 157 BP 67 EP 85 DI 10.1080/10426500008040513 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 333PB UT WOS:000088137500006 ER PT S AU Datskos, PG AF Datskos, PG BE Brown, GJ Razeghi, M TI Micromechanical uncooled photon detectors SO PHOTODETECTORS: MATERIALS AND DEVICES V SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Photodetectors - Materials and Devices V CY JAN 26-28, 2000 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP SPIE DE MEMS; micromechanical photon detector; thermal detector; photo-induced stress ID PIEZORESISTIVE MICROCANTILEVER; RESOLUTION; OPTIMIZATION; TECHNOLOGY; SILICON; SENSORS AB Recent advances in micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) have led to the development of uncooled infrared detectors operate as micromechanical thermal detectors or micromechanical quantum detectors. We report on a new method for photon detection using electronic (photo-induced) stresses in semiconductor microstructures. Photo-induced stress in semiconductor microstructures, is caused by changes in the charge carrier density in the conduction band and photon detection results from the measurement of the photo-induced bending of semiconductor microstrrctures. Small changes in position (displacement) of microstructures are routinely measured in atomic force microscopy (AFM) where atomic imaging of surfaces relies on the measurement of small changes (<10(-9) m) in the bending of microcantilevers. Changes in the conduction band charge carrier density can result either from direct photo-generation of free charge carriers (electrons, holes) or from photoelectrons emitted from thin metal film surfaces in contact with a semiconductor microstructure which forms a Schottky barrier. In our studies we investigated three systems: (i) Si microstructures, (ii) InSb microstructures and (iii) Si microstructures coated with a thin film of Pt. We found that for Si the photo-induced stress results in a contraction of the crystal lattice due to the presence of excess electron-hole-pairs while for InSb photo-induced stress causes the crystal lattice to expand. We will present our results and discuss our findings. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Datskos, PG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, MS-8039, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3565-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 3948 BP 80 EP 93 DI 10.1117/12.382109 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BQ18U UT WOS:000087385100008 ER PT B AU Tretiak, S Middleton, C Chernyak, V Mukamel, S AF Tretiak, S Middleton, C Chernyak, V Mukamel, S BE Rothberg, L TI Localized and delocalized electronic excitations in biological and artificial antenna complexes SO PHOTOINDUCED CHARGE TRANSFER LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Photoinduced Charge Transfer CY JUL 26-29, 1999 CL UNIV ROCHESTER, ROCHESTER, NY SP Natl Sci Fdn Ctr, Eastman Kodak Corp, Xerox Corp HO UNIV ROCHESTER ID LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX; OPTICAL-EXCITATIONS; PHENYLACETYLENE DENDRIMERS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; LH2; ACIDOPHILA; COUPLINGS; COHERENCE AB The Collective Electronic Oscillators (CEO) approach based on the Time-Dependent Hartree-Fock approximation is applied to analyze localization and delocalization of electronic excitations, charge and energy transfer in LH2 aggregates (biological antenna complexes) and in phenylacetylene dendrimers (artificial antenna macromolecules). Two-dimensional analysis of transition density matrices indicates that electron-hole pairs created upon optical excitation in LH2 aggregate are localized within separate chromophores. In addition LH2 has a band of low-lying charge-transfer states unaccessible with linear absorption spectroscopy. In phenylacetylene dendrimers, electronic excitation are shown to be localized within linear segments connected by benzene rings substituted at the meta-position. These results are used to construct effective Frenkel exciton hamiltonians in these biological and artificial light-harvesting antenna complexes. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tretiak, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Mail Stop B262, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Tretiak, Sergei/B-5556-2009 OI Tretiak, Sergei/0000-0001-5547-3647 NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4267-0 PY 2000 BP 116 EP 127 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA BR96Y UT WOS:000168220500011 ER PT S AU Retsch, CC Wang, YX Frigo, SP Stephenson, GB McNulty, I AF Retsch, CC Wang, YX Frigo, SP Stephenson, GB McNulty, I GP OSA OSA TI X-ray speckle contrast variation at sample-specific absorption edges SO PHOTON CORRELATION AND SCATTERING, TECHNICAL DIGEST SE OSA TRENDS IN OPTICS AND PHOTONICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Photon Correlation and Scattering CY AUG 21-23, 2000 CL WHISTLER, CANADA SP Opt Soc Amer, NASA ID SCATTERING AB We measured static x-ray speckle contrast variation with the incident photon energy across sample-specific absorption edges. We propose that the variation depends strongly on the spectral response function of the monochromator. (C) 1999 Optical Society of America. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Retsch, CC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMERICA PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-5695 BN 1-55752-648-6 J9 OSA TRENDS OPT PHOTO PY 2000 VL 47 BP 83 EP 85 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BU35T UT WOS:000175748600028 ER PT S AU Gahagan, KT Casson, JL Gopalan, V Scrymgeour, DA Robinson, JM AF Gahagan, KT Casson, JL Gopalan, V Scrymgeour, DA Robinson, JM BE Taylor, EW TI Integrated high power electro-optic lens/scanner for spaced-based platforms SO PHOTONICS FOR SPACE ENVIRONMENTS VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Photonics for Space Environments Conference (PSE VII) CY JUL 31-AUG 01, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE ferroelectric domain structure; lithium niobate; lithium tantalate; radiation; deflector; lens; electro-optic ID MATCHED 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; DOMAIN INVERSION; BEAM DEFLECTOR; LITAO3; CRYSTALS; LINBO3; LENS AB Dynamic scanning and focusing of a laser beam using a robust integrated solid state platform is desirable for many space-based applications including free-space optical communications, target tracking, and optical data storage/processing. Electrooptic devices offer promise as an ideal platform for such applications. However, the relatively low focal powers and scan angles of existing electro-optic devices have limited their use in these areas. Recently, we have applied state of the art fabrication techniques and design optimization to achieve the first integrated lens and scanner device capable of collimating and focusing beams with input diameters of a few microns, then scanning the beam through a large angular range (nearly 20 degrees). The device, fabricated in a bulk LiTaO3 crystal, is ideal for coupling light into or out of channel waveguide or fiber optic systems. We will discuss the expected performance of the existing device in a radiation environment for space-based applications. In addition, we will discuss the expected performance of similarly optimized devices fabricated in other ferroelectric materials, radiation hardened and otherwise. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Gahagan, KT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ms J585, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3779-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4134 BP 133 EP 137 DI 10.1117/12.405336 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BR51P UT WOS:000166690800016 ER PT S AU Thompson, DC Hewitt, CJ Wilson, CW AF Thompson, DC Hewitt, CJ Wilson, CW BE Taylor, EW TI A rapidly-tunable acousto-optic spectrometer for a space environment SO PHOTONICS FOR SPACE ENVIRONMENTS VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Photonics for Space Environments Conference (PSE VII) CY JUL 31-AUG 01, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE acousto-optic; spectrometer; frequency-agile ID PERFORMANCE; DEVICES AB As a complement to our work developing rapidly-tunable (similar to 10-100 kHz) CO2 lasers for differential absorption lidar (DIAL) applications,(1) we have developed a rapidly-tunable spectrometer. A rapid spectral diagnostic is critical for a high speed DIAL system, since analysis of the return signals depends on knowing the spectral purity of the transmitted beam. The spectrometer developed for our lidar system is based on a double-passed large- (75 mm) aperture acousto-optic deflector, a grating, and a fast single-element room temperature mercury-cadmium-telluride detector. The spectrometer has a resolution of similar to0.5 cm(-1), a tuning range of 9.0-11.4 mum, a random-access tuning speed of greater than 80 kHz and a S/N ratio of greater than 100:1. We describe the design and performance of this device, as well as of future devices featuring improved resolution, higher speed and easier and more robust alignment. We will also briefly discuss the applications and limitations of the technique in a space environment. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Thompson, DC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, M-S E548, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3779-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4134 BP 138 EP 150 DI 10.1117/12.405337 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BR51P UT WOS:000166690800017 ER PT S AU Burnham, AK Runkel, M Demos, SG Kozlowski, MR Wegner, PJ AF Burnham, AK Runkel, M Demos, SG Kozlowski, MR Wegner, PJ BE Taylor, EW TI Effect of vacuum on the occurrence of UV-induced surface photoluminescence, transmission loss, and catastrophic surface damage SO PHOTONICS FOR SPACE ENVIRONMENTS VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Photonics for Space Environments Conference (PSE VII) CY JUL 31-AUG 01, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE silica; transmittance loss; fluorescence; photoluminescence; vacuum; laser damage AB Vacuum degrades the transmittance and catastrophic damage performance of fused-silica surfaces, both bare and silica-sol anti-reflective coated. These effects may be important in certain space application of photonics devices. When exposed to hundreds of 355-nm, 10-ns laser pulses with fluences in the 2-15 J/cm(2) range, transmittance loss is due to both increased reflectance and absorption at the surface. Spectroscopic measurements show that the absorbed light induces broadband fluorescence from the visible to infrared and that the peak photoluminescence wavelength depends cumulative fluence. The effect appears to be consistent with the formation of surface SiOx (x<2) with progressively lower x as cumulative fluence increases. Conversely, low fluence CW UV irradiation of fluorescent sites in air reduces the fluorescence signal, which suggests a photochemical oxidation reaction back to SiO2. The occurrence of catastrophic damage (craters that grow on each subsequent pulse) also increases in a vacuum relative to air for both coated and uncoated samples. In both cases, the 50% damage probability for 100 one-mm sites decreases from about 45 to 35 J/cm(2) for superpolished fused silica at pressures in the 10(-6) Torr range. The damage probability distribution in 10 Torr of air is close to that at one atmosphere of air. The damage morphology of the crater formed in vacuum differs substantially from that in air and has a more melted appearance and does not show cracking and flaking. These differences are possibly due to more coupling of the plasma shock wave into the surface with air present but slower heat dissipation in a vacuum. While it is attractive to propose that formation of sub-stoichiometric silica on the surface in a vacuum environment enhances the probability of catastrophic damage, initial experiments have not yet been able to establish a mechanistic link between the two phenomena. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Burnham, AK (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 9 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3779-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4134 BP 243 EP 252 DI 10.1117/12.405349 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BR51P UT WOS:000166690800028 ER PT J AU Britt, RD Sauer, K Yachandra, VK AF Britt, RD Sauer, K Yachandra, VK TI Remembering Melvin P. Klein SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Melvin Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Britt, RD (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PY 2000 VL 65 IS 3 BP 201 EP 206 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 417VB UT WOS:000167853900001 ER PT J AU Gibbons, MR Parker, G Cerjan, C Hewett, DW AF Gibbons, MR Parker, G Cerjan, C Hewett, DW TI Finite difference micromagnetic simulation with self-consistent currents and smooth surfaces SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Hysteresis Modeling and Micromagnets (HMM 99) CY JUN 07-09, 1999 CL UNIV PERUGIA, PERUGIA, ITALY SP Univ Perugia HO UNIV PERUGIA DE micromagnetic simulation; magnetic dots; read heads; thermal effects ID FILMS AB A micromagnetic algorithm has been developed using the finite-difference method (FDM). Elliptic field equations are solved on the mesh using the efficient dynamic alternating direction implicit method. Smooth surfaces have been included in the FDM formulation so structures of irregular shape can be modeled. The current distribution and temperature of devices are also calculated. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 ReadRite Corp, Fremont, CA 94539 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Gibbons, MR (reprint author), ReadRite Corp, 44100 Osgood Rd, Fremont, CA 94539 USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JAN PY 2000 VL 275 IS 1-3 BP 11 EP 16 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(99)00687-0 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 276CN UT WOS:000084858200004 ER PT J AU Idemoto, Y Hayakawa, Y Koura, N Richardson, JW Loong, CK AF Idemoto, Y Hayakawa, Y Koura, N Richardson, JW Loong, CK TI Oxygen-content dependence of crystal structure and T-c of (Nd0.675Ce0.325)(2)(Ba0.664Nd0.336)(2)Cu3.00Oy SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article DE oxygen content; neutron diffraction; crystal structure; Cu valence; Ce valence AB The crystal structure of (Nd0.675Ce0.325)(2)(Ba0.664Nd0.336)(2)Cu3.00Ogamma is described as a modified YBa2Cu3O gamma structure, in which the Y layer is replaced by a (Nd,Ce)(2)-O-2 block. While the dependence of T-c on oxygen content differs among the rare-earth copper oxide superconductors, superconductivity appears in a range of y = 9.12-9.14 in the present system. One of the reasons for this difference is related to the nature of defects associated with oxygen in the plane contained Cu. We studied the crystal structure of single-phase (Nd0.675Ce(0.325))(2)(Ba0.664Nd0.336)(2)Cu3.00Oy samples of different oxygen contents by neutron powder diffraction and the superconducting properties by T-c measurements and chemical analysis. Over the y range where superconductivity is realized, the Cu valence changes from 2.32-2.33 but the Ce valence remains ca. +4. From Rietveld refinements of the neutron data, we found a direct correspondence between the oxygen content and the occupation of oxygen sites in the CuOdelta plane. The average bond distances of Cu-O in CuOdelta and CuO2 plane, (Nd,Ba)-O(161) and (Nd,Ba)-O(16m) decrease with increasing oxygen content. Moreover, since the average Ce valence does not vary with respect to oxygen content, the average bond distances connecting the (Nd,Ce) site to its oxygen neighbors are almost constant. The calculated bond valence sum for the Cu(1) atoms in the CuOdelta plane and the average Cu valence increase markedly with oxygen content. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sci Univ Tokyo, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Ind Chem, Chiba 2788510, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Idemoto, Y (reprint author), Sci Univ Tokyo, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Ind Chem, 2641 Yamazaki, Chiba 2788510, Japan. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 329 IS 1 BP 29 EP 36 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(99)00559-6 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 272VY UT WOS:000084672700005 ER PT J AU Turner, MS AF Turner, MS TI Remembering David N. Schramm - October 25, 1945-December 19, 1997 SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Turner, MS (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 2000 VL T85 BP 9 EP 11 DI 10.1238/Physica.Topical.085a00009 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 321ER UT WOS:000087442900002 ER PT J AU Lopez-Martens, A Dossing, T Khoo, TL Ackermann, D Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Fischer, SM Hackman, G Hannachi, F Janssens, RVF Korichi, A Lister, CJ Lauritsen, T Nisius, D AF Lopez-Martens, A Dossing, T Khoo, TL Ackermann, D Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Fischer, SM Hackman, G Hannachi, F Janssens, RVF Korichi, A Lister, CJ Lauritsen, T Nisius, D TI Gamma decay of superdeformed states SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Achievements and Perspectives in Nuclear Structure CY JUL 11-17, 1999 CL IRAKLION, GREECE ID HIGHLY DEFORMED BANDS; LINKING TRANSITIONS; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; ROTATIONAL BANDS; YRAST STATES; SHAPE ISOMER; NUCLEUS; PB-194; STRENGTH; ND-135 AB I'll start off by reminding you of one of the most striking properties of superdeformed states, namely the way they decay to states of smaller deformation. I'll then try and convince you that the decay can be described using the same terminology in all the different mass regions. In such an approach, the general trends of the decay-out process and the general features of the decay-out spectrum can be explained satisfactorly. However, not everything is understood. This aspect will be the subject of the last part of my talk, where I'll present some recent work concerning the nature of the decay mechanism. C1 IReS, F-67300 Strasbourg, France. Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. CNRS, IN2P3, CSNSM, F-91400 Orsay, France. RP Lopez-Martens, A (reprint author), CNRS, IN2P3, CSNSM, Bat 104-108, F-91400 Orsay, France. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Ackermann, Dieter/0000-0001-6284-1516 NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 2000 VL T88 BP 28 EP 32 DI 10.1238/Physica.Topical.088a00028 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 354VK UT WOS:000089350200006 ER PT J AU Svensson, CE AF Svensson, CE TI From band termination to superdeformation in the A similar to 60 region SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Achievements and Perspectives in Nuclear Structure CY JUL 11-17, 1999 CL IRAKLION, GREECE ID HIGHLY DEFORMED BANDS; A-SIMILAR-TO-60 MASS REGION; ROTATIONAL BANDS; SHELL-MODEL; SMOOTH TERMINATION; DECAY; NUCLEUS; COLLECTIVITY; STATES; NI-56 AB High-spin states in N approximate to Z nuclei in the A similar to 60 region have been studied in a series of experiments with Gammasphere and the Microball charged-particle detector array. These experiments have led to the identification of deformed and superdeformed rotational bands in more than a dozen proton-rich Ni, Cu, and Zn isotopes. Because of the limited spin content of the single-particle configurations in these relatively light nuclei, many of these bands are observed close to their terminating states. For two sets of strongly-coupled bands in Zn-62, lifetime measurements have been possible all the way to the terminating states and these measurements have confirmed the predicted loss of collectivity associated with the smooth termination of rotational bands. These investigations have also firmly established an island of superdeformation around particle numbers N,Z approximate to 30 and have led to a number of interesting observations. These include the influence of limited single-particle spin content on the high-spin properties of superdeformed bands in this region, rotational alignments in N approximate to Z superdeformed nuclei, and relatively unhindered linking transitions connecting superdeformed and near-spherical states. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Svensson, CE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 2000 VL T88 BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1238/Physica.Topical.088a00037 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 354VK UT WOS:000089350200008 ER PT J AU Goobar, A Perlmutter, S Aldering, G Goldhaber, G Knop, RA Nugent, P Castro, PG Deustua, S Fabbro, S Groom, DE Hook, IM Kim, AG Kim, MY Lee, JC Nunes, NJ Pain, R Pennypacker, CR Quimby, R Lidman, C Ellis, RS Irwin, M McMahon, RG Ruiz-Lapuente, P Walton, N Schaefer, B Boyle, BJ Filippenko, AV Matheson, T Fruchter, AS Panagia, N Newberg, HJM Couch, WJ AF Goobar, A Perlmutter, S Aldering, G Goldhaber, G Knop, RA Nugent, P Castro, PG Deustua, S Fabbro, S Groom, DE Hook, IM Kim, AG Kim, MY Lee, JC Nunes, NJ Pain, R Pennypacker, CR Quimby, R Lidman, C Ellis, RS Irwin, M McMahon, RG Ruiz-Lapuente, P Walton, N Schaefer, B Boyle, BJ Filippenko, AV Matheson, T Fruchter, AS Panagia, N Newberg, HJM Couch, WJ TI The acceleration of the Universe: Measurements of cosmological parameters from type Ia supernovae SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 109th Nobel Symposium on Particle Physics and the Universe CY AUG 20-25, 1998 CL HAGA SLOTT, SWEDEN SP Nobel Fdn ID LIGHT-CURVE; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; HUBBLE CONSTANT; TIME DILATION; MODELS; LAMBDA; AGE; CALIBRATION; HIPPARCOS; EXPLOSION AB The fate of the Universe, infinite expansion or a "big crunch': can be determined by measuring the redshifts and brightness of very distant supernovae. These provide a record of changes in the expansion rate of the Universe over the past several billion years. The mass density, Omega(M), and cosmological-constant energy density, Omega(Lambda), are measured from a data-set consisting of 42 high-redshift Type Ia supernovae discovered by the Supernova Cosmology Project. The magnitude-redshift data for these supernovae, at redshifts between 0.18 and 0.83, are fit jointly with a set of supernovae from the Calan/Tololo Supernova Survey, at redshifts below 0.1, to yield values for the cosmological parameters. we find Omega(M)(flat) = 0.28(-0.08)(+0.09) (1 sigma statistical)(-0.04)(+0.05) (identified systematics). The data are strongly inconsistent with a Lambda = 0 flat cosmology, the simplest inflationary universe model. An open, Lambda = 0 cosmology also does not fit the data well: the data indicate that the cosmological constant is non-zero and positive, with a confidence of P(Lambda > 0) = 99%, including the identified systematic uncertainties. Thus, the Universe is found to be accelerating, i.e., q(0) = Omega(M)/2 - Omega(Lambda) < 0. The best-fit age of the universe relative to the Hubble time is t(0)(flat) = 14.9(-1.1)(+1.4) (0.63/h) Gyr for a Rat cosmology. C1 Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, S-11385 Stockholm, Sweden. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Inst Nucl & Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. European So Observ, La Silla, Chile. Inst Astron, Cambridge, England. Univ Barcelona, Dept Astron, Barcelona, Spain. Isaac Newton Grp, La Palma, Bolivia. Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Anglo Australian Observ, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Fermi Natl Lab, Batavia, IL USA. Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Goobar, A (reprint author), Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Vanadisvagen 9,Box 6730, S-11385 Stockholm, Sweden. RI Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015; OI Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661; Nunes, Nelson/0000-0002-3837-6914 NR 62 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 2000 VL T85 BP 47 EP 58 DI 10.1238/Physica.Topical.085a00047 PG 12 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 321ER UT WOS:000087442900006 ER PT J AU Wadsworth, R Cameron, JA Clark, RM Chiara, CJ Diamond, RM Deleplanque, MA Fallon, P Fossan, DB Hibbert, IM Jenkins, DG Juutinen, S Kelsall, N Krucken, R Lane, GJ Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Parry, CM Sears, JM Smith, JF Stephens, FS Vetter, K Frauendorf, S AF Wadsworth, R Cameron, JA Clark, RM Chiara, CJ Diamond, RM Deleplanque, MA Fallon, P Fossan, DB Hibbert, IM Jenkins, DG Juutinen, S Kelsall, N Krucken, R Lane, GJ Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Parry, CM Sears, JM Smith, JF Stephens, FS Vetter, K Frauendorf, S TI Evidence for magnetic rotation in the light tin region SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Achievements and Perspectives in Nuclear Structure CY JUL 11-17, 1999 CL IRAKLION, GREECE ID SHEARS MECHANISM; PB-198; SN-106; BANDS AB Lifetimes have been measured for three M1 bands in light Sn/Cd nuclei using the DSAM technique. B(M1) values deduced from these measurements show a rapid decrease with increasing spin for a given configuration. The results have been compared with both Tilted axis cranking and semi-empirical model calculations. These suggest that the shears mechanism is present in this mass region, and that the band in Sn-106 appears to be the first example of almost pure magnetic rotation. C1 Univ York, Dept Phys, York Y01 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L85 4M1, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Jyvaskyla, Finland. FZ Rossendorf, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. RP Wadsworth, R (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Phys, York Y01 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RI Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 2000 VL T88 BP 49 EP 53 DI 10.1238/Physica.Topical.088a00049 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 354VK UT WOS:000089350200010 ER PT J AU Lontano, M Lazzaro, E Ryutov, D AF Lontano, M Lazzaro, E Ryutov, D TI Dispersion of long MHD waves in a finely structured plasma SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Topical Conference on Plasma Physics - New Frontiers in Nonlinear Sciences CY SEP 06-10, 1999 CL UNIV ALGARVE, FARO, PORTUGAL SP FCT HO UNIV ALGARVE ID ABSORPTION; OSCILLATIONS; PROPAGATION; SUNSPOTS AB The propagation of long magnetohydrodynamic waves (with wavelength lambda) in a plasma characterized by small scale (of the order of a), large amplitude nonuniformities of its density and of the magnetic field is investigated in conditions where lambda >> a. The introduction of a suitable averaging procedure over an intermediate scale allows one to obtain the relevant dispersion relation for the long waves which manifests new properties with respect to those of a uniform plasma. Moreover, it is shown that, if the plasma nonuniformities are spatially distributed with a broad spectrum, within a finite interval of numerical values, a collisionless mechanism of damping may affect the slow mode. The results of this work are of concern both For astrophysical and laboratory plasmas. C1 CNR, ENEA, EURATOM Assoc, Ist Fis Plasma, Milan, Italy. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lontano, M (reprint author), CNR, ENEA, EURATOM Assoc, Ist Fis Plasma, Milan, Italy. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 2000 VL T84 BP 52 EP 56 DI 10.1238/Physica.Topical.084a00052 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 305UZ UT WOS:000086560100012 ER PT J AU Thummerer, S Gebauer, B Bohlen, HG von Oertzen, W Bazzacco, D Lenzi, SM Algora, A de Angelis, G Gadea, A Napoli, DR Borcan, C Donau, F Kaubler, L Schnare, H Schwengner, R Peter, I Beck, C Bhattacharya, C Rousseau, M Nouicer, R Lisle, J AF Thummerer, S Gebauer, B Bohlen, HG von Oertzen, W Bazzacco, D Lenzi, SM Algora, A de Angelis, G Gadea, A Napoli, DR Borcan, C Donau, F Kaubler, L Schnare, H Schwengner, R Peter, I Beck, C Bhattacharya, C Rousseau, M Nouicer, R Lisle, J TI Spectroscopy of Ti-44,Ti-46 with the Binary Reaction Spectrometer and Euroball SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Achievements and Perspectives in Nuclear Structure CY JUL 11-17, 1999 CL IRAKLION, GREECE ID GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; BAND TERMINATION; DECAY; NI-56 AB A first experiment was performed with the Binary Reaction trigger Spectrometer (BRS) for Euroball, as second last experiment of phase III. The reaction Mg-24(S, Ni-56*) at E = 163.5 MeV was chosen in order to populate a specific hyperdeformed resonance state in the compound nucleus 56Ni* at E* = 84 MeV (J(pi) = 46(+)) and to investigate the spectroscopy of its binary descendents. The experimental setup combined the gamma-detector array Euroball III, without the phase I Ge detectors, the two large-area gas detector telescopes of the BRS at forward angles and 31 of the 40 detectors of the 4 pi silicon ball EUROSiB (now called ROSiB) at backward angles. We report on results of binary reaction triggers collected with one BRS telescope. Binary events are separated from evaporation residues due to (i) the large laboratory scattering angles of the detected reaction fragments, the opening angle of the BRS telescope being theta = 12 degrees - 46 degrees, and (ii) by means of particle identification in the telescope. In this paper channels with emission of Be-8 plus two protons and of C-12 will be discussed. C1 Hahn Meitner Inst, Berlin, Germany. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. Forschungszentrum Rossendorf EV, Inst Kern & Hadronenphys, Dresden, Germany. Gesell Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Strasbourg 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Manchester, Schuster Lab, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Thummerer, S (reprint author), Hahn Meitner Inst, Berlin, Germany. RI Lenzi, Silvia/I-6750-2012; Gadea, Andres/L-8529-2014; Algora, Alejandro/E-2960-2015; Napoli, Daniel R./D-9863-2012 OI Gadea, Andres/0000-0002-4233-1970; Algora, Alejandro/0000-0002-5199-1794; Napoli, Daniel R./0000-0002-8154-6958 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 2000 VL T88 BP 114 EP 117 DI 10.1238/Physica.Topical.088a00114 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 354VK UT WOS:000089350200021 ER PT J AU Fotiades, N Cizewski, JA Ding, KY Krucken, R Becker, JA Bernstein, LA Hauschild, K McNabb, DP Younes, W Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO AF Fotiades, N Cizewski, JA Ding, KY Krucken, R Becker, JA Bernstein, LA Hauschild, K McNabb, DP Younes, W Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO TI High-spin studies of fission products in fusion-evaporation reactions SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Achievements and Perspectives in Nuclear Structure CY JUL 11-17, 1999 CL IRAKLION, GREECE ID BAND STRUCTURES AB High-spin states of several isotopes in the mass A similar to 100 region have been investigated following the fission of compound nuclei formed in three heavy-ion fusion-evaporation reactions. New sequences have been assigned to Sr-91, Ru-107 and Cd-113,Cd-115,Cd-117,Cd-119 isotopes using the complementary fission fragment technique. The ground-state bands have been extended to higher spins in Cd-114,Cd-116,Cd-118,Cd-120. The level schemes of Sr-88,Sr-90,Sr-92 and Tc-101 have been considerably enriched. The plethora of results demonstrates the efficiency in which spectroscopic information can be collected on nuclei near the line of stability or slightly neutron-rich from studies of fission fragments following fusion-evaporation reactions. The prompt gamma-ray intensity distributions of the fragments following the fission of the Pb-197 compound nucleus are reported. The empirical distributions as a function of Z and A are not reproduced by expected yields of symmetric fission. Rather these distributions reflect the selectivity of Gammasphere to detect collective nuclei and to study high-spin excitations in fission fragments. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Yale Univ, AW Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fotiades, N (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RI Hauschild, Karl/A-6726-2009; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 NR 11 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 2000 VL T88 BP 127 EP 130 DI 10.1238/Physica.Topical.088a00127 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 354VK UT WOS:000089350200024 ER PT J AU Cizewski, JA McNabb, DP AF Cizewski, JA McNabb, DP TI Probing nuclear structure at finite temperature and spin via decay of superdeformed bands in lead nuclei SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Achievements and Perspectives in Nuclear Structure CY JUL 11-17, 1999 CL IRAKLION, GREECE ID PB-194 AB The Yb-174(Mg-25,5n)Pb-194 and Yb-173(Mg-24,5n)Pb-192 reactions were used to probe the decay of superdeformed (SD) bands. The total gamma-ray spectra associated with the SD bands in Pb-192,Pb-194 have been studied to determine the energy and angular momenta associated with each step of the cascade, from entry population to decay to the ground state. In particular, the gamma-ray spectra associated with the quasicontinuous, non-discrete decay of their respective yrast SD bands has been extracted. Using various model assumptions, the quasicontinuous decay spectrum is expected to have a rapid rise in intensity at an energy associated with the gap, or backshift parameter, in level density; such a rise is observed in the quasicontinuous decay of the SD bands in Pb-194,Pb-192. Values of E-gap 0.9(0.1) MeV for Pb-194 at approximate to 6 (h) over bar and E approximate to 0.4(-0.1)(+0.3) MeV for Pb-192 at approximate to 10 (h) over bar have been deduced. C1 Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Cizewski, JA (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 2000 VL T88 BP 141 EP 143 DI 10.1238/Physica.Topical.088a00141 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 354VK UT WOS:000089350200028 ER PT J AU Strottman, D Carjan, N Talou, P AF Strottman, D Carjan, N Talou, P TI New aspects in the decay of quasi-stationary proton states by multidimensional tunneling SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Achievements and Perspectives in Nuclear Structure CY JUL 11-17, 1999 CL IRAKLION, GREECE ID DEFORMED-NUCLEI; ISOTOPES; EMISSION AB The time evolution of single proton quasi-stationary states emitted from axially deformed nuclei is studied by solving numerically the two-dimensional time dependent Schrodinger equation. Angular distributions of emission with respect to the nuclear axis of symmetry are obtained. It is shown that the main escape paths are determined by the quantum numbers of the metastable state, rather than by the deformation of the potential. Combinations of such numerical studies of multidimensional quantum tunneling and angular distribution measurements from oriented deformed nuclei could provide invaluable nuclear structure information and imaging of Nilsson orbitals. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. RP Strottman, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 2000 VL T88 BP 148 EP 152 DI 10.1238/Physica.Topical.088a00148 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 354VK UT WOS:000089350200030 ER PT J AU Turner, MS AF Turner, MS TI Dark matter and dark energy in the universe SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 109th Nobel Symposium on Particle Physics and the Universe CY AUG 20-25, 1998 CL HAGA SLOTT, SWEDEN SP Nobel Fdn ID BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; GALAXY CLUSTERS; HIGH-REDSHIFT; SCALAR-FIELD; SUPERNOVAE; DENSITY; OMEGA; FLUCTUATIONS; STATISTICS AB For the first time, we have a plausible and complete accounting of matter and energy in the Universe. Expressed a fraction of the critical density it goes like this: neutrinos, between 0.3% and 15%; stars, between 0.3% and 0.6%; baryons (total) 5% +/- 0.5%; matter (total), 40% +/- 10%; smooth, dark energy, 80% +/- 20%; totaling to the critical density (within the errors). This accounting is consistent with the inflationary prediction of a flat Universe and measurements of the anisotropy of the CBR. It also defines three "dark problems": Where are the dark baryons? What is the nonbaryonic dark matter? What is the nature of the dark energy? The leading candidate for the (optically) dark baryons is diffuse hot gas; the leading candidates for the nonbaryonic dark matter are slowly moving elementary particles left over from the earliest moments (cold dark matter), such as axions or neutralinos; the leading candidates for the dark energy involve fundamental physics and include a cosmological constant (vacuum energy), a rolling scalar field (quintessence), and a network of light, frustrated topological defects. C1 Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NASA, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Turner, MS (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 80 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 2000 VL T85 BP 210 EP 220 DI 10.1238/Physica.Topical.085a00210 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 321ER UT WOS:000087442900027 ER PT J AU Kolb, EW AF Kolb, EW TI Early-universe issues: seeds of perturbations and birth of dark matter SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 109th Nobel Symposium on Particle Physics and the Universe CY AUG 20-25, 1998 CL HAGA SLOTT, SWEDEN SP Nobel Fdn ID ENERGY COSMIC-RAYS; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; INFLATIONARY PERTURBATIONS; COSMOLOGICAL PERTURBATIONS; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; DECAY; BARYOGENESIS; INFLATON; MODELS; RECONSTRUCTION AB The signatures of events that occurred in the early universe can be seen today on the sky in the form of large-scale structures and fluctuations in the temperature of the cosmic background radiation. If we can read the signatures, we can learn what occurred in the early universe and something about the physics involved. C1 NASA, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Kolb, EW (reprint author), NASA, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 2000 VL T85 BP 231 EP 245 DI 10.1238/Physica.Topical.085a00231 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 321ER UT WOS:000087442900029 ER PT J AU Tepesch, PD Quong, AA AF Tepesch, PD Quong, AA TI First-principles calculations of alpha-alumina (0001) surfaces energies with and without hydrogen SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PLANE AB We used first-principles, mixed-basis (pseudo-atomic and plane-wave basis functions) pseudopotential calculations to study the energetics and structure of the alpha-alumina (0001) surface for three different terminations as well as two different hydrogen covered surfaces. The calculations show that over the range of chemical fields where a-alumina is stable, the stoichiometric (1-Al terminated) surface is the most stable with a surface energy of 2.13 J/m(2). The lowest values of the 2-Al-terminated and oxy gen terminated surface energies are 2.7 and 3.5 J/m(2), respectively. We find that hydrogen bonds weakly to the stoichiometric surface with a binding energy of 0.5 eV/bond and prefers to sit directly on top of the terminating Al atoms. Finally, we find that an oxygen terminated surface with one hydrogen atom per surface oxygen has a levier surface energy over the relevant range of chemical fields. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Tepesch, PD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 10 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 217 IS 1 BP 377 EP 387 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3951(200001)217:1<377::AID-PSSB377>3.3.CO;2-2 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 284JQ UT WOS:000085329200019 ER PT J AU Galli, G AF Galli, G TI Large-scale electronic structure calculations using linear scaling methods SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BINDING MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL-THEORY; 90-DEGREES PARTIAL DISLOCATION; KINETIC-ENERGY FUNCTIONALS; SYSTEM-SIZE; QUANTUM SIMULATIONS; MATRIX; WANNIER; SILICON; SOLIDS AB We describe linear scaling methods for electronic structure calculations and quantum molecular dynamics simulations, and discuss the basic differences and similarities between the various frameworks proposed in the literature. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 72 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 EI 1521-3951 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 217 IS 1 BP 231 EP 249 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3951(200001)217:1<231::AID-PSSB231>3.0.CO;2-I PG 19 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 284JQ UT WOS:000085329200012 ER PT J AU Srinivas, S Jellinek, J AF Srinivas, S Jellinek, J TI Ab initio Monte Carlo investigations of small lithium clusters SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ABINITIO CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ALKALI-METAL CLUSTERS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ELECTRON CORRELATION; LIQUID TRANSITION; ATOMIC CLUSTERS; WATER CLUSTERS; LI CLUSTERS; J-WALKING AB Structural and thermal properties of small lithium clusters are studied using ab initio-based Monte Carlo simulations. The ab initio scheme uses a Hartree-Fock/density functional treatment of the electronic structure combined with a jump-walking Monte Carlo sampling of nuclear configurations. Structural forms of Li(8) and Li(9)(+) clusters are obtained and their thermal properties analyzed in terms of probability distributions of the cluster potential energy, average potential energy and configurational heat capacity all considered as a function of the cluster temperature. Details of the gradual evolution with temperature of the structural forms sampled are examined. Temperatures characterizing the onset of structural changes and isomer coexistence are identified for both clusters. C1 Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Srinivas, S (reprint author), Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. EM srinivas@phy.cmich.edu NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 217 IS 1 BP 311 EP 322 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3951(200001)217:1<311::AID-PSSB311>3.0.CO;2-M PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 284JQ UT WOS:000085329200015 ER PT B AU Rice, BN AF Rice, BN BE Wickramanayake, GB Gavaskar, AR TI Lessons learned from a dual-phase extraction field application SO PHYSICAL AND THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES: REMEDIATION OF CHLORINATED AND RECALCITRANT COMPOUNDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds CY MAY 22-25, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CA SP Battelle, EnviroMetal Technologies Inc, Geomatrix Consultants Inc, Naval Facilities Engn Command, Parsons Engn Sci Inc, Regenesis AB A field-scale Dual-Phase Extraction (DPE) system was installed and operated at the Pinellas Science, Technology, and Research (STAR) Center, formerly the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Pinellas Plant, in Large, Florida, from August 1997 through September 1999. The goal of applying the DPE system was to enhance the pump-and-treat remediation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (primarily vinyl, chloride, toluene, trichloroethene, and 1,2-dichloroethene) from a shallow surficial aquifer at the Pinellas STAR Center 4.5 Acre Site. Initial operating data for the DPE system demonstrated an aggressive groundwater recovery rate; however, influent groundwater contaminant concentrations were less than those experienced with the pump-and-treat system. In addition, multiple issues complicated initial operations. Following numerous system and operational changes, the system responded with consistent on-line time and daily operation; although contaminant recovery rates did not increase. C1 Roy F Weston Inc, US Dept Energy, Grand Junct Off, Grand Junction, CO USA. RP Rice, BN (reprint author), Roy F Weston Inc, US Dept Energy, Grand Junct Off, Grand Junction, CO USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BATTELLE PRESS PI COLUMBUS PA 505 KING AVE, COLUMBUS, OH 43201 USA BN 1-57477-099-3 PY 2000 BP 93 EP 100 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BR65S UT WOS:000167101900013 ER PT B AU Williams, GP Tomasko, D Jiang, ZH May, I AF Williams, GP Tomasko, D Jiang, ZH May, I BE Wickramanayake, GB Gavaskar, AR TI Long-term monitoring for SVE exit strategies SO PHYSICAL AND THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES: REMEDIATION OF CHLORINATED AND RECALCITRANT COMPOUNDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds CY MAY 22-25, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CA SP Battelle, EnviroMetal Technologies Inc, Geomatrix Consultants Inc, Naval Facilities Engn Command, Parsons Engn Sci Inc, Regenesis ID VAPOR EXTRACTION AB The concentrations of volatile organic compound (VOC) vapors removed by soil vapor extraction (SVE) cleanup systems often approach an asymptotic value after a long period of operation. Even after long time periods, measurable amounts of contaminants are still removed by these systems. Since the total amount of contaminant in the subsurface is often not known completely, it is difficult to compose a meaningful exit strategy. Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory, using computer models validated with field samples, demonstrated that tailing behavior observed in SVE wells at a former U.S. Army munitions manufacturing facility is caused by the extraction of VOCs from contaminated groundwater. This process has not been previously discussed in the literature as significant and has been omitted from previous design studies. This raises questions about when these systems should be terminated, or more realistically, when should additional studies be performed to support the decision to terminate these systems. This modeling study concluded that SVE system operations should be monitored and reviewed when extraction rates drop to 5% of the initial extraction rate. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Williams, GP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BATTELLE PRESS PI COLUMBUS PA 505 KING AVE, COLUMBUS, OH 43201 USA BN 1-57477-099-3 PY 2000 BP 121 EP 126 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BR65S UT WOS:000167101900016 ER PT B AU Cherepy, NJ Wildenschild, D Elsholz, A AF Cherepy, NJ Wildenschild, D Elsholz, A BE Wickramanayake, GB Gavaskar, AR TI Laboratory investigation of electro-osmotic remediation of fine-grained sediments SO PHYSICAL AND THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES: REMEDIATION OF CHLORINATED AND RECALCITRANT COMPOUNDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds CY MAY 22-25, 2000 CL MONTEREY, CA SP Battelle, EnviroMetal Technologies Inc, Geomatrix Consultants Inc, Naval Facilities Engn Command, Parsons Engn Sci Inc, Regenesis ID TECHNOLOGY AB Electro-osmosis, a coupled-flow phenomenon in which an applied electrical potential gradient drives water flow, may be used to induce water flow through fine-grained sediments. We plan to use this technology to remediate chlorinated solvent-contaminated clayey zones at the LLNL site. The electroosmotic conductivity (k(e)) determined from bench-top studies for a core extracted from a sediment zone 36.4-36.6 m below surface was initially 7.37 x 10(-10) m(2)/s-V, decreasing to 3.44 x 10(-10) m(2)/s-V, after electro-osmotically transporting 0.70 pore volumes of water through it (195 ml). Hydraulic conductivity (k(h)) of the same core was initially measured to be 5.00 x 10(-10) m/s, decreasing to 4.08 x 10(-10) m/s at the end of processing. This decline in permeability is likely due to formation of a chemical precipitation zone within the core. Water splitting products and ions electromigrate and precipitate within the core; H+ and metal cations migrate toward the cathode, and OH- from the cathode moves toward the anode. We are now exploring how to minimize this effect using pH control. The significance of this technology is that for this core, a 3 V/cm voltage gradient produced an initial effective hydraulic conductivity of 2.21 x 10(-7) m/s, >400x greater than the initial hydraulic conductivity. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Cherepy, NJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BATTELLE PRESS PI COLUMBUS PA 505 KING AVE, COLUMBUS, OH 43201 USA BN 1-57477-099-3 PY 2000 BP 277 EP 283 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BR65S UT WOS:000167101900036 ER PT J AU Alam, TM Henry, M AF Alam, TM Henry, M TI Empirical calculations of Si-29 NMR chemical shielding tensors: A partial charge model investigation of hydrolysis in organically modified alkoxy silanes SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COSY 2D EXPERIMENTS; POLARIZATION TRANSFER; POLYMERIZATION REACTIONS; MODIFIED ALKOXYSILANES; POLYMERS; SPECTROSCOPY; 1D AB The Si-29 NMR chemical shifts for a series of organically modified silane compounds, MexSi(OR)(y)(OH)(4-x-y) (OR = OMe, OEt), were evaluated using a partial charge model (PCM) approach to describe the chemical bonding. These PCM results allow the relative contributions of the diamagnetic and paramagnetic terms in the Si-29 NMR chemical shielding constant to be discussed. An explanation for the unique variations in the Si-29 chemical shifts during for hydrolyzed organically modified silanes is presented. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Aging & Reliabil, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Strasbourg 1, Lab Chim Mol Etat Solide, F-67070 Strasbourg, France. RP Alam, TM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Aging & Reliabil, MS-1407, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Henry, Marc/A-8189-2008 OI Henry, Marc/0000-0003-2047-9058 NR 31 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD,, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI PCCP Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2000 VL 2 IS 1 BP 23 EP 28 DI 10.1039/a906445a PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 267BB UT WOS:000084333800003 ER PT J AU Lorenz, KT Westley, MS Chandler, DW AF Lorenz, KT Westley, MS Chandler, DW TI Rotational state-to-state differential cross sections for the HCl-Ar collision system using velocity-mapped ion imaging SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; INELASTIC-COLLISIONS; REACTIVE SCATTERING; 2-PHOTON SPECTROSCOPY; INTERMOLECULAR FORCES; REACTION DYNAMICS; KINETIC-ENERGY; BEAM; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Rotational state-resolved differential cross sections (DCSs) for the j-changing collisions of HCl by Ar are presented. A new crossed molecular beam velocity-mapped imaging apparatus is used to measure the full (theta = 0-180 degrees) DCS for j = 0 --> j' = 1, 2, ..., 6 rotational energy transfer at a center of mass energy of similar to 538 cm(-1). The j = 0 state accounts for over 97% of the initial HCl rotational state population, and the scattering products are state-selectively ionized via (2+1) resonance enhanced multi-photon ionization through the E state, allowing for the direct extraction of state-to-state DCSs in the center of mass frame. The angular distributions for the experimental DCSs become increasingly backscattered as Delta j increases, but do so non-monotonically, as j'=3 is more forward scattered than j'=2. Images for the even Delta j 0 --> 2 and 0 --> 4 are similar, and those for the odd Delta j 0 --> 1 and 0 --> 3 also have similarities. The calculated cross sections, based upon the HCl-Ar H6(4,3,0) potential of Hutson [J. Phys. Chem., 1992, 96, 4237], agree qualitatively with the experimental cross sections. However, there are significant differences between the theoretical and experimental results, where many of the principal features in the calculated DCSs lie 10-30 degrees more backscattered than the same features in the experimental DCSs. These results may suggest that an adjustment to the repulsive region of the H6(4,3,0) potential is required. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Lorenz, KT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 56 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD,, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI PCCP Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2000 VL 2 IS 4 BP 481 EP 494 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 281JD UT WOS:000085154400010 ER PT J AU Whiteley, TWJ Dobbyn, AJ Connor, JNL Schatz, GC AF Whiteley, TWJ Dobbyn, AJ Connor, JNL Schatz, GC TI Quantum scattering on coupled ab initio potential energy surfaces for the Cl(P-2)+HCl -> ClH+Cl(P-2) reaction SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BORN-OPPENHEIMER; CL+HCL->CLH+CL REACTION; RATE CONSTANTS; DYNAMICS; COLLISION; F(P-2); STATES; PHOTODETACHMENT; PROBABILITIES; APPROXIMATION AB We present the results of accurate quantum dynamical calculations for the Cl(P-2) + HCl --> ClH + Cl(P-2) reaction using a coupled channel reactive scattering method based on hyperspherical coordinates. The calculations include the three potential energy surfaces (1(2)A', 2(2)A' and 1(2)A ") that correlate to the ground states of the reactants and products, as well as electrostatic, Coriolis and spin-orbit couplings. The electrostatic surfaces and couplings are taken from the high quality ab initio computations of A. J. Dobbyn, J. N. L. Connor, N.A. Besley, P. J. Knowles and G. C. Schatz [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 1999, 1, 957], with the barrier heights scaled so that thermal rate coefficients derived from the scattering calculations agree with experimental data. Only the total angular momentum quantum number J = 1/2 partial wave is calculated; state selected and thermal rate coefficients are obtained using a J-shifting approximation. We study basis set convergence and compare single and multiple surface results, with emphasis on state selected and total cumulative reaction probabilities and thermal rate coefficients, including branching between ground and excited spin-orbit states. The contribution of resonances to the scattering is discussed and analysed. We also compare with scattering results using an earlier, more approximate, set of potential surfaces and couplings due to C. S. Maierle, G. C. Schatz, M. S. Gordon, P. McCabe and J. N. L. Connor [J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1997, 93, 709]. C1 Univ Manchester, Dept Chem, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Theoret Chem Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Whiteley, TWJ (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Dept Chem, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. NR 48 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD,, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI PCCP Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2000 VL 2 IS 4 BP 549 EP 556 DI 10.1039/a908614e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 281JD UT WOS:000085154400018 ER PT J AU Harding, LB Troe, J Ushakov, VG AF Harding, LB Troe, J Ushakov, VG TI Classical trajectory calculations of the high pressure limiting rate constants and of specific rate constants for the reaction H+O-2 -> HO2: dynamic isotope effects between tritium plus O-2 and muonium plus O-2 SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID UNIMOLECULAR DISSOCIATION HO2->H+O-2; STATISTICAL ADIABATIC CHANNEL; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; HO + O; VIBRATIONAL-STATES; BOND FISSION; KINETIC DATA; CAPTURE; MOLECULE; NUMBERS AB The potential energy surface of the reaction H + O-2 --> HO2 is characterized by ab initio calculations. Based on these results, classical trajectory calculations of the capture of T, D, H, and muonium by O-2 are made. Thermal rate constants as well as energy- and angular momentum-specific rate constants are determined. The calculated high pressure recombination rate constants at 300 K agree well with the limited experimental information available so far which gives confidence in the computed temperature dependence (calculations over the temperature range 30 to 5000 K). The calculated rate coefficients are represented in comparison to results from phase space theory which leads to the rigidity factors of the reaction. Markedly nonadiabatic dynamics is observed in the case of muonium + O-2 while the reaction T + O-2 approaches adiabatic dynamics. The observed dynamic isotope effect is most pronounced at low temperatures whereas it nearly disappears at high temperatures. C1 Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. RP Harding, LB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 45 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 9 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD,, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI PCCP Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2000 VL 2 IS 4 BP 631 EP 642 DI 10.1039/a908929b PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 281JD UT WOS:000085154400026 ER PT J AU Ahmed, M Peterka, DS Suits, AG AF Ahmed, M Peterka, DS Suits, AG TI Imaging H abstraction dynamics in crossed molecular beams: Cl+ROH reactions SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED FLUORESCENCE EXPERIMENTS; TRANSITION-STATE REGION; HYDROGEN ABSTRACTION; CHEMICAL-DYNAMICS; CHLORINE ATOMS; O(P-3(J))+HYDROCARBON REACTIONS; SATURATED-HYDROCARBONS; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS AB The crossed beam reactions of ground state Cl(P-2(3/2)) atoms with alcohols (CH3OH, C2H5OH and 2-C3H7OH) have been studied using the technique of velocity map imaging (VELMI). The corresponding hydroxyalkyl radical was detected via single photon ionization using 157 nm laser light. The double differential cross sections were obtained at collision energies of 8.7 kcal mol(-1) for methanol, 6.0 and 9.7 kcal mol(-1) for ethanol and 11.9 kcal mol(-1) for 2-propanol. In all cases, the scattering was predominantly in the backward-sideways direction suggesting direct rebound dynamics, with varying amounts of sideways scattering. In the case of methanol, the angular distributions were predominantly in the sideways-backward direction with respect to the incoming alcohol beam. Scattering was into the backward hemisphere at the lower collision energy for ethanol, with enhancement of sideways scattering with an increase in collision energy. Isopropanol gave scattering predominantly in the backward direction. Coupling between the translational energy and angular distributions was particularly significant for ethanol at the lower collision energy. All of the translational energy distributions peaked at about 6 kcal mol(-1) and on average 30-40% of the available energy was deposited into product translation for all the alcohols studied. These results are contrasted with previous H abstraction studies performed on Cl-hydrocarbon systems. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ahmed, M (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Ahmed, Musahid/A-8733-2009 NR 56 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD,, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI PCCP Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2000 VL 2 IS 4 BP 861 EP 868 DI 10.1039/a907877k PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 281JD UT WOS:000085154400055 ER PT J AU Levitskaia, TG Macdonald, DM Lamb, JD Moyer, BA AF Levitskaia, TG Macdonald, DM Lamb, JD Moyer, BA TI Prediction of the carrier-mediated cation flux through polymer inclusion membranes via fundamental thermodynamic quantities: complexation study of bis(dodecyloxy)calix[4]arene-crown-6 with alkali metal cations SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SUPPORTED LIQUID MEMBRANES; CELLULOSE TRIACETATE MEMBRANES; SOLVATION ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS; 2 IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS; GIBBS FREE-ENERGIES; ION TRANSFER; 1,3-ALTERNATE CONFORMATION; FACILITATED TRANSPORT; NONAQUEOUS SOLVENTS; CROWN-ETHER AB In a systematic study of alkali metal cation transport through a polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) with calixcrown carriers, a model that postulates diffusion-limited flux successfully describes PIM transport behavior. The model developed herein is based on an ion-pair extraction equilibrium at the PIM interface and provides a convenient tool for the quantitative understanding and interpretation of the transport data. Cation permeability coefficients can be easily determined and used for the quantitative correlation of fluxes employing a range of aqueous and PIM compositions. The described approach can be readily extended to competitive-transport experiments. Transport of a single cation as well as several cations in a competitive experiment was related to the stability constants of the carrier-metal complexes and the Gibbs energies of ion partitioning between source and membrane phases. The expected dependence of Cs+ ion transport on the Gibbs energy of anion partitioning was validated in a series of 8 univalent anions. Accordingly, the permeability coefficient once determined for a given metal salt, carrier, and PIM provides the basis for the prediction of the transport fluxes under different initial conditions if the thermochemical quantities which govern the complexation and distribution of the metal species into the membrane phase are known or can be estimated. In support of these efforts, a calorimetric study was carried out to obtain thermodynamic parameters for the complexation of bis(dodecyloxy)calix[4]arene-crown-6 with alkali metal ions in acetonitrile. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Levitskaia, TG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 59 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD,, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI PCCP Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2000 VL 2 IS 7 BP 1481 EP 1491 DI 10.1039/a908840g PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 296VR UT WOS:000086047900020 ER PT J AU Schmidt, TJ Grgur, BN Behm, RJ Markovic, NM Ross, PN AF Schmidt, TJ Grgur, BN Behm, RJ Markovic, NM Ross, PN TI Bi adsorption on Pt(111) in perchloric acid solution: A rotating ring-disk electrode and XPS study SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DEFINED PLATINUM SURFACES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; IRREVERSIBLY ADSORBED ADATOMS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; FORMIC-ACID; PT-RU; HETEROGENEOUS ELECTROCATALYSIS; UNDERPOTENTIAL DEPOSITION; HYDROGEN ELECTROCHEMISTRY; CO ELECTROOXIDATION AB The surface electrochemistry of reversibly and irreversibly adsorbed bismuth (Bi-ad) was studied on Pt(111) electrodes in 0.1 M HClO4. The valence state of irreversibly adsorbed Bi (Bi-ir) was determined by ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was shown that Bi-ir does not change its valence state during potential cycling and is adsorbed in its metallic (i.e., zero-valent) state. Underpotential deposition (UPD) of Bi (Bi-upd) onto Pt(111) was studied using the rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) technique for measurements of the Bi3+ ion specific flux. The total amount of Bi deposited at underpotential (Theta(Bi,upd)) was determined by integration of the ion specific flux, and found to be approximate to 0.16 ML (1 ML=1 Bi/1 Pt). The UPD Bi is assumed to deposit at bare Pt sites not occupied by the irreversibly adsorbed Bi. The difference between Theta(Bi,upd) and the maximum coverage of a close-packed monolayer of fully discharged Bi adatoms (Theta(Biad)=0.56 ML) is taken to equal the coverage by Bi-ir, or approximate to 1/3 ML. The charge under the reversible peak in the Pt(111)/Bi-ir voltammetry (Q=160 mu C cm(-2)) for Theta(Bi,ir)similar to 1/3 ML is ascribed to enhanced adsorption of OH on Pt sites adjacent to Bi due to a change of the local potential of zero charge (p.z.c.) induced by Bi. Contrasting kinetic effects of Bi-ir were observed on the hydrogen and carbon monoxide oxidation reactions. These effects are discussed in terms of the known role of OHad in these reactions on the Pt(111) surface. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Ulm, Abt Oberflachenchem & Katalyse, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. RP Schmidt, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Schmidt, Thomas/A-2586-2010; OI Schmidt, Thomas/0000-0002-1636-367X; Grgur, Branimir/0000-0003-4684-9053 NR 40 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 29 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD,, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2000 VL 2 IS 19 BP 4379 EP 4386 DI 10.1039/b003767m PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 357NF UT WOS:000089507200016 ER PT J AU Alam, TM Liang, JJ Cygan, RT AF Alam, TM Liang, JJ Cygan, RT TI Molecular dynamics simulations of the lithium coordination environment in phosphate glasses SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SODIUM ULTRAPHOSPHATE GLASSES; BOND-VALENCE PARAMETERS; ORBITAL CALCULATIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; VITREOUS SILICA; ALKALI; DIFFRACTION; NEUTRON; SOLIDS AB A molecular dynamics (MD) study of the lithium ultraphosphate glass series, xLi(2)O .(1-x)P2O5 (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.5) was used to investigate the changes in the Li environment with increasing modifier concentration. The results from the MD simulations indicate that only gradual structural variations in the Li coordination environment occur as a function of modifier content. Changes in the type of oxygen coordinated to the Li are observed to correlate with the minimum in the glass transition temperature. Additionally, changes in the number of shared phosphorus vertices were seen with increasing modifier concentration, in support of recent models involving the role of the cation modifier in the extended range structure of phosphate glasses. Empirical calculations of the Li-6 NMR chemical shifts directly from the MD simulation structures are also reported and compared to recent experimental solid-state NMR results. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Organ Mat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Organ Mat Dept, MS-1407, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM tmalam@sandia.gov NR 48 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 18 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 EI 1463-9084 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2000 VL 2 IS 19 BP 4427 EP 4432 DI 10.1039/b004627m PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 357NF UT WOS:000089507200023 ER PT J AU Regan, PM Ascenzi, D Wrede, E Cook, PA Ashfold, MNR Orr-Ewing, AJ AF Regan, PM Ascenzi, D Wrede, E Cook, PA Ashfold, MNR Orr-Ewing, AJ TI Photodissociation and photoionization of highly excited HI molecules SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOFRAGMENT TRANSLATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROGEN IODIDE; 2-PHOTON SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC-SPECTRA; COHERENT CONTROL; RYDBERG STATES; 121.6 NM; HCL AB The spectroscopy and photochemistry of HI have been studied at excitation energies in the vicinity of H-atom Lyman-alpha (82259 cm(-1)) using the techniques of 1-photon vacuum UV photodissociation, resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectroscopy and photofragment ion imaging. REMPI spectra, recorded using UV photons in the energy range 27350-27750 cm(-1), exhibit complicated structure in channels corresponding to H+, I+ and HI+ ion formation. The former two channels require absorption of a minimum of 5 UV photons, whereas HI+ X(2)Pi formation requires 4 UV photons. The spectral features are assigned to resonances at the 3-photon energy involving six states with Omega =0 and one state with Omega =3. Ion images recorded in the same range of UV frequencies exhibit multiple velocity components for the H+ ionic fragment, and the excitation energy dependences of the ring radii reveal two mechanisms for H+ formation. The first route is 3+1 photon excitation to super-excited Rydberg states of neutral HI with [A(2)Sigma (+)] cores that autoionize to high vibrational levels (v(+)greater than or equal to 15) of HI+ (X(2)Pi); subsequent 1-photon photolysis of these vibrationally excited ions makes H+. The second route is dissociation of 4-photon excited HI to H(n=2)+I(P-2(3/2)), followed by 1-photon ionization of the H(n=2) atoms. Vacuum UV photolysis of HI at 121.6 nm combined with H-Rydberg atom photofragment translational spectroscopy reveals dissociation via four different channels: H(n=1) atoms are formed in association with I(5p(5), P-2(3/2)), I(5p(5), P-2(1/2)), I(5p(4) 6s(1), P-4(5/2)) and I(5p(4) 6s(1), P-2(3/2)). Anisotropy parameters for all these channels are positive but non-limiting, and photolysis propensities show a marked dependence on the initial rotational state of the HI. These observations are discussed in terms of excitation to predissociated Rydberg or ion-pair states identified in the REMPI spectra. A previously unreported Omega =3 Rydberg state is identified via HI+ formation following multiphoton absorption resonant at the 2 UV+1 visible photon energy. A band with origin at 68326.18(73) cm(-1), is assigned to excitation to the v'=0 level of a (3)Delta (3) state composed of a Rydberg d pi electron orbiting an HI+ X(2)Pi (3/2) core. C1 Univ Bristol, Sch Chem, Bristol BS8 1TS, Avon, England. RP Regan, PM (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Wrede, Eckart/E-7366-2012; Ascenzi, Daniela/B-4096-2009; OI Wrede, Eckart/0000-0001-6773-8446; Ascenzi, Daniela/0000-0001-5393-9554; Orr-Ewing, Andrew/0000-0001-5551-9609; ashfold, michael/0000-0001-5762-7048 NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 17 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD,, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2000 VL 2 IS 23 BP 5364 EP 5374 DI 10.1039/b005663o PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 383VK UT WOS:000165904500004 ER PT J AU Jamieson, MJ Dalgarno, A Zygelman, B Krstic, PS Schultz, DR AF Jamieson, MJ Dalgarno, A Zygelman, B Krstic, PS Schultz, DR TI Collisions of ground-state hydrogen atoms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MOLECULE; CURVES; MASER AB We derive an expression for the diffusion cross section of identical atoms and use it in a report of diffusion, viscosity, total, spin-change, frequency-shift, and broadening cross sections in hydrogen, calculated with improved interaction potentials. We also report some total cross sections for spin-polarized hydrogen. C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Glasgow, Dept Comp Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Jamieson, MJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP art. no. EP 014701 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 281PA UT WOS:000085168800075 ER PT J AU Miyashita, N Watanabe, S Matsuzawa, M Macek, JH AF Miyashita, N Watanabe, S Matsuzawa, M Macek, JH TI Influence of short-range interference on ionization threshold law SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-ATOM IONIZATION; NEAR-THRESHOLD; WANNIER THEORY; ENERGY AB Electron-impact ionization of the collinear Z=1/4 model atom is investigated in order to examine a nonclassical behavior of the ionization cross sections. Slightly above the ionization threshold, nb initio calculations reveal a distinctive dip due to short-range dynamics. The dip is a strongly energy-dependent feature in the usually smooth and structureless ionization cross section and is foreign to treatments based on classical, as well as semiclassical mechanics. The Z=1/4 model thus serves as a counterexample to the standard Wannier treatment of near-threshold ionization, The hyperspherical hidden-crossing theory is applied to identify the origin of the dip. C1 Grad Univ Adv Studies, Inst Mol Sci, Dept Funct Mol Sci, Okazaki, Aichi 4448585, Japan. Univ Electrocommun, Dept Appl Phys & Chem, Chofu, Tokyo 1828585, Japan. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Miyashita, N (reprint author), Grad Univ Adv Studies, Inst Mol Sci, Dept Funct Mol Sci, 38 Nishigonaka, Okazaki, Aichi 4448585, Japan. RI Miyashita, Naoyuki/B-7741-2009 OI Miyashita, Naoyuki/0000-0002-9587-0708 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP art. no. EP 014901 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 281PA UT WOS:000085168800076 ER PT J AU Barash, D Orel, AE Baer, R AF Barash, D Orel, AE Baer, R TI Laser-induced resonance states as dynamic suppressors of ionization in high-frequency short pulses SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; ADIABATIC STABILIZATION; ATOMIC STATES; FIELDS; INTENSE; SUPERINTENSE; HYDROGEN; DICHOTOMY; SYSTEMS; MODEL AB An adiabatic-Floquet formalism is used to study the suppression of ionization in short laser pulses. In the high-frequency limit the adiabatic equations involve only the pulse envelope where transitions are purely ramp effects. For a short-ranged potential having a single-bound state we show that ionization suppression is caused by the appearance of a laser-induced resonance state, which is coupled by the pulse ramp to the ground state and acts to trap ionizing flux. C1 Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Phys Chem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Lise Meitner Minerva Ctr Computat Quantum Chem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Phys Chem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 013402 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 281PA UT WOS:000085168800046 ER PT J AU Tseng, CH Somaroo, S Sharf, Y Knill, E Laflamme, R Havel, TF Cory, DG AF Tseng, CH Somaroo, S Sharf, Y Knill, E Laflamme, R Havel, TF Cory, DG TI Quantum simulation of a three-body-interaction Hamiltonian on an NMR quantum computer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ERROR-CORRECTING CODES; COMPUTATION; UNIVERSAL; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATION; SYSTEMS; GATES AB Extensions of average Hamiltonian theory to quantum computation permit the design of arbitrary Hamiltonians, allowing rotations throughout a large Hilbert space. In this way, the kinematics and dynamics of any quantum system may be simulated by a quantum computer. A basis mapping between the systems dictates the average Hamiltonian in the quantum computer needed to implement the desired Hamiltonian in the simulated system. The flexibility of the procedure is illustrated with NMR on C-13 labeled alanine by creating the nonphysical Hamiltonian sigma(z)sigma(z)sigma(z) corresponding to a three-body interaction. C1 MIT, Dept Nucl Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87455 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, BCMP, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Cory, DG (reprint author), MIT, Dept Nucl Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 39 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 012302 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 281PA UT WOS:000085168800027 ER PT J AU Lenosky, TJ Bickham, SR Kress, JD Collins, LA AF Lenosky, TJ Bickham, SR Kress, JD Collins, LA TI Density-functional calculation of the Hugoniot of shocked liquid deuterium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; INSULATOR-METAL TRANSITION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; WAVE BASIS-SET; FLUID HYDROGEN; SOLID HYDROGEN; EQUATION; STATE; DISSOCIATION AB We have performed molecular dynamics simulations to obtain the internal energy and pressure of shock-compressed fluid deuterium at 24 separate (density temperature) points. Our calculations were performed using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) in density-functional theory. We obtained a good fit to this simulation data with a thermodynamically consistent virial expansion. The single-shock Hugoniot derived from this equation of state is compared to previous theoretical and experimental results. We discuss several types of error inherent in the GGA, as they relate to the quality of our results. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 41 TC 130 Z9 132 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.1 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400001 ER PT J AU Kortright, JB Kim, SK Ohldag, H AF Kortright, JB Kim, SK Ohldag, H TI Sigmalike phase and nanoscale segregation in polycrystalline FexCr1-x films: An element-resolved magnetic and structural study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FE/CR(001) SUPERLATTICES; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; CR; TRANSITION; INTERFACE; ORDER; ALLOY AB Complex changes in room-temperature magnetic and chemical order in sputtered FexCr1-x films (1.0>x >0.24) are revealed by resonant soft x-ray magneto-optical and scattering spectroscopies. A distorted, homogeneous paramagnetic phase at x congruent to 0.55, similar to the bulk sigma phase, is found. Linked chemical and magnetic segregation on either side of this phase are interpreted in terms of favorable and frustrated exchange interactions, as is a net Cr local moment for X greater than or equal to 0.69. Segregated alloys exhibit reversible magnitization originating from weakly coupled, noncollinear Fe spins. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kortright, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Kim, Sang-Koog/J-4638-2014; Ohldag, Hendrik/F-1009-2014 NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 64 EP 67 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.64 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400018 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZD Choi, HJ Kawakami, RK Escorcia-Aparicio, EJ Bowen, MO Wolfe, JH Rotenberg, E Smith, NV Qiu, ZQ AF Zhang, ZD Choi, HJ Kawakami, RK Escorcia-Aparicio, EJ Bowen, MO Wolfe, JH Rotenberg, E Smith, NV Qiu, ZQ TI Magnetic interlayer coupling between Co films across Cu/Ni30Cu70/Cu(100) double quantum wells SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LAYER THICKNESS; EXCHANGE; MULTILAYERS; DEPENDENCE; MAGNETORESISTANCE; SUPERLATTICES; PHOTOEMISSION; OSCILLATIONS; STATES AB Magnetic interlayer coupling between two Co layers across Cu/Ni-30/Cu-70/Cu(100) was investigated by the surface magneto-optic Kerr effect. The Ni30Cu70 layer at the center of the Cu layer was shown to shift the peak positions, rather than to change the strength, of the magnetic interlayer coupling. The density of states near the Fermi level was investigated by photoemission spectroscopy. We show that the peak-position shift in the magnetic interlayer coupling is associated with the quantum-well behavior in a symmetric double-quantum-well system. The phase accumulation model was applied to explain the results quantitatively. C1 Acad Sinica, Inst Met Res, Int Ctr Mat Phys, Shenyang 110015, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, ZD (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Met Res, Int Ctr Mat Phys, Shenyang 110015, Peoples R China. RI Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009; Zhang, Zhidong/G-6049-2011; Bowen, Martin/B-8440-2013; Qiu, Zi Qiang/O-4421-2016 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844; Bowen, Martin/0000-0002-0432-3419; Qiu, Zi Qiang/0000-0003-0680-0714 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 76 EP 79 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.76 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400021 ER PT J AU Ghosh, VJ Nielsen, B Friessnegg, T AF Ghosh, VJ Nielsen, B Friessnegg, T TI Identifying open-volume defects in doped and undoped perovskite-type LaCoO3, PbTiO3, and BaTiO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID POSITRON-ANNIHILATION; VACANCY DEFECTS; LIFETIMES; SOLIDS; PAIRS; SI AB Dopants, vacancies, and impurity-vacancy clusters have a substantial impact on the properties of perovskite-type metal oxides (general formula ABO(3)). In order to determine synthesis and processing conditions that optimize the desirable properties of these materials a careful study of these defects is required. It is essential to identify the defects and to map the defect densities. Positron annihilation spectroscopy has often been used to identify vacancy-type defects. Calculations of the positron lifetime and Doppler-broadened profiles of the positron-electron annihilation radiation in undoped and doped LaCoO3, PbTiO3, and BaTiO3 are reported, and compared with available experimental data. The results show that these positron techniques are excellent for studying open-volume defects, vacancy-impurity complexes, and for identifying the sublattice occupied by the dopants. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Nielsen, Bent/B-7353-2009 OI Nielsen, Bent/0000-0001-7016-0040 NR 39 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 207 EP 212 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.207 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400042 ER PT J AU Svare, I Martin, SW Borsa, F AF Svare, I Martin, SW Borsa, F TI Stretched exponentials with T-dependent exponents from fixed distributions of energy barriers for relaxation times in fast-ion conductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-SPIN RELAXATION; AC CONDUCTIVITY DATA; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; LATTICE RELAXATION; ACTIVATION-ENERGIES; SUPERIONIC GLASSES; MODULUS FORMALISM; SILICATE-GLASSES; NMR RELAXATION; DECAY FUNCTION AB The conductivity modulus in fast ion conductors (FIC) has often been fitted with stretched exponential relaxation functions of the form exp[-(t/tau(K))(beta)], where the beta values are taken to be independent of temperature. This analysis corresponds to the assumption of an asymmetric distribution of relaxation times (DRT) that does not have the T dependence observed in the conductivity modulus spectra found for many FIC glasses and expected from a fixed distribution of activation energies (DAE) against the ion hops. In this paper, it is shown, rather, that a fixed DAE leads to the temperature dependence of beta proportional to T-0.5 for beta values near 0.6, and conductivity modulus data for some Li+ glasses are presented where beta varies nearly in this way. Similar behavior can be inferred from published data for many other FIC. It is also shown that the DRT calculated from the corresponding stretched exponential relaxation function closely approximates the tail of the DRT calculated from the DAE and truncated at the conductivity percolation limit of 0.3. C1 Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Pavia, Dept Phys, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pavia, Unita INFM, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. RP Svare, I (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. NR 31 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 228 EP 233 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.228 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400044 ER PT J AU Fernando, GW Watson, RE Weinert, M Kocharian, AH Ratnaweera, A Tennakone, K AF Fernando, GW Watson, RE Weinert, M Kocharian, AH Ratnaweera, A Tennakone, K TI Magnetic moment of iron in metallic environments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HUBBARD-MODEL; FE16N2 FILMS; NITROGEN; FE; FERROMAGNETISM; SATURATION; CO AB Race-earth iron nitrides are emerging as an important class of magnetic materials, In certain rare-earth iron compounds, the insertion of small atoms such as nitrogen and boron has resulted in significant changes in the magnetic properties in the form of higher Curie temperatures, enhanced magnetic moments, and stronger anisotropies. In an attempt to understand some of the above, we have focused on two nitride phases of Fe, namely Fe4N (cubic) and Fe16N2 (tetragonal). For the Fe16N2 phase, the average Fe moment reported by different experimental groups varies over a wide range of values, from 2.3 mu(B), to 3.5 mu(B). We will discuss some of the recent experiments and examine some related theoretical questions with regard to Fe having such an unusually large moment in a metallic environment, Employing a Hubbard-Stoner-like model in addition to local-density results, it is shown that an unusually large on-site Coulomb repulsion is necessary if one is to obtain a moment as large as 3.5 mu(B). C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka. Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Phys, Northridge, CA 91330 USA. RP Fernando, GW (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, U-46, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RI Tennakone, Kirthi/A-1582-2011 NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 375 EP 381 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.375 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400062 ER PT J AU Detwiler, JA Schmiedeshoff, GM Harrison, N Lacerda, AH Cooley, JC Smith, JL AF Detwiler, JA Schmiedeshoff, GM Harrison, N Lacerda, AH Cooley, JC Smith, JL TI Magnetization of UBe13 to 60 T SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-FERMION SYSTEMS; FIELD; METALS AB We have measured the isothermal magnetization of UBe13 to 60 T in a pulsed magnetic field. The measurements were made over a temperature range of 0.5 to 4 K. The data are well fit by both a J = 1/2 Brillouin function model and a simple band model. Both fits extrapolate to a saturation moment of 1.9 +/- 0.2 mu(B)/U atom. Our results suggest that a metamagnetic transition in UBe13 is unlikely. C1 Occidental Coll, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Detwiler, JA (reprint author), Occidental Coll, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. RI Cooley, Jason/E-4163-2013 NR 17 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 402 EP 404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.402 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400066 ER PT J AU Dervenagas, P Burlet, P Bonnet, M Bourdarot, F Hiess, A Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Lander, GH Kim, JS Stewart, GR AF Dervenagas, P Burlet, P Bonnet, M Bourdarot, F Hiess, A Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Lander, GH Kim, JS Stewart, GR TI Magnetic structure of HoBe13 in an applied magnetic field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; RARE-EARTH; COMMENSURATE AB The magnetic structure of HoBe13 and its evolution under an applied magnetic field have been examined using neutron diffraction and bulk magnetization measurements on a single crystal. In the absence of an external field this cubic compound orders at T-N = 5.7(1)K into a regular helical magnetic structure with propagation vector k = [001/3]. Third order harmonics appear at 4.4(1) K and are attributed to a deformation of the helical structure below this temperature. When a magnetic field is applied along a [001] axis two magnetic transitions occur. First the magnetic domain with propagation vector parallel to the field is favored and, with the addition of the induced ferromagnetic component, by about 4 kG we have a single-domain conical structure, The surprising observation was that at higher fields (15 kG at 1.4 K) the other two domains reappear and become the preferred ones. This reentrant behavior is due to the change of the magnetic structure to a canted arrangement, involving a ferromagnetic component along the applied field and a transverse collinear antiferromagnetic component. When the magnetic field is applied along a [110] axis only one transition is observed from the helical to the conical structure. The magnetic phase diagram of HoBe13 has been constructed. C1 CEA, Dept Rech Fondamentale Mat Condensee, SPSMS, MDN, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Commiss European Communities, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Augsburg, D-86159 Augsburg, Germany. RP Stewart, GR (reprint author), CEA, Dept Rech Fondamentale Mat Condensee, SPSMS, MDN, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 405 EP 412 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.405 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400067 ER PT J AU Liu, CY MacLaughlin, DE Castro Neto, AH Lukefahr, HG Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Fisk, Z AF Liu, CY MacLaughlin, DE Castro Neto, AH Lukefahr, HG Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Fisk, Z TI Disorder-driven non-Fermi-liquid behavior in CeRhRuSi2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID KONDO DISORDER; UCU5-XPDX; NMR; CE(RU1-XRHX)2SI2; THERMODYNAMICS; TEMPERATURE; SYSTEMS; POINTS; PHASE AB We report measurements of the bulk magnetic susceptibility and Si-29 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) linewidth in the heavy-fermion alloy CeRhRuSi2. The linewidth increases rapidly with decreasing temperature and reaches large values at low temperatures, which strongly suggests the wide distributions of local susceptibilities chi(j) obtained in disorder-driven theories of non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) behavior. The NMR linewidths agree well with distribution functions P(chi) which fit bulk susceptibility and specific-heat data. The apparent return to Fermi-liquid behavior observed below 1 K is manifested in the vanishing of P(chi) as chi-->infinity indicating the absence of strong magnetic response at low energies. Our results point out the need for an extension of some current theories of disorder-driven NFL behavior in order to incorporate this low-temperature crossover. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Whittier Coll, Whittier, CA 90608 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RI Castro Neto, Antonio/C-8363-2014 OI Castro Neto, Antonio/0000-0003-0613-4010 NR 33 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 432 EP 440 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.432 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400071 ER PT J AU Fisher, RA Wright, DA Emerson, JP Woodfield, BF Phillips, NE Wang, ZR Johnston, DC AF Fisher, RA Wright, DA Emerson, JP Woodfield, BF Phillips, NE Wang, ZR Johnston, DC TI Low-temperature specific heat of BaCuO2 and BaCuO2.14 in magnetic fields to 7 T SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; OXYGEN; COPPER; BEHAVIOR; CLUSTERS; OXIDES; SYSTEM AB The specific heats of samples of BaCuO2 and BaCuO2.14, on which magnetization and/or neutron-diffraction measurements had been made earlier, were measured for the temperature range 0.35 less than or equal to T less than or equal to 30 K in magnetic fields to 7 T. BaCuO2+x has a complex structure with 90 formula units in a bcc unit cell; 6 Cu are "lone spins,'' 48 are in 8 Cu6O12 "ring clusters," and 36 are in 2 Cu18O24 "sphere clusters." The ring and sphere clusters have ferromagnetically ordered ground states with spins S=3 and 9, respectively. Antiferromagnetic ordering of the ring clusters occurs with a Neel temperature T-N(0)similar to 15 K. The specific heat of BaCuO2 shows a cooperative ordering anomaly associated with the antiferromagnetic ordering of the ring clusters. Schottky-like anomalies, having maxima at similar to 5 and similar to 0.7 K, are identified with the ordering of the sphere clusters and the lone spins, respectively. Only Schottky-like anomalies are observed for the specific heat of BaCuO2.14. It is suggested that the increase in the Cu oxidation state, due to the addition of 0.14 mol of O, increases Cu-O covalent bonding (spin compensation) and/or produces nonmagnetic Cu3+, which in addition to the known increase in the Cu-O bond lengths, disrupts the superexchange paths that lead to the antiferromagnetic ordering of the ring clusters in BaCuO2. For BaCuO2 the magnetic entropy was 90% of that predicted for the ordering of the three Cu structures. On the other hand, the magnetic entropy for BaCuO2.14 was only 65% of that predicted, which suggests a relative large suppression of some magnetic entities due to the addition of 0.14 mol of O. Although BaCuO2+x is an insulator, the specific heat has a T-proportional component that is magnetic field dependent and is presumably associated with the magnetic degrees of freedom. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MSD, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Woodfield, BF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MSD, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 538 EP 548 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.538 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400086 ER PT J AU MacLaughlin, DE Heffner, RH Nieuwenhuys, GJ Canfield, PC Amato, A Baines, C Schenck, A Luke, GM Fudamoto, Y Uemura, YJ AF MacLaughlin, DE Heffner, RH Nieuwenhuys, GJ Canfield, PC Amato, A Baines, C Schenck, A Luke, GM Fudamoto, Y Uemura, YJ TI Moon spin relaxation and nonmagnetic Kondo state in PrInAg2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-FIELD; POSITIVE MUONS; NUCLEAR; PRNI5; DYNAMICS; COPPER; MK AB Muon spin relaxation experiments have been carried out in the Kondo compound PrInAg2. The zero-field muon relaxation rate is found to be independent of temperature between 0.1 and 10 K, which rules out a magnetic origin (spin freezing or a conventional Kondo effect) for the previously observed specific-heat anomaly at similar to 0.5 K. At low temperatures the muon relaxation can be quantitatively understood in terms of the muon's interaction with nuclear magnetism, including hyperfine enhancement of the Pr-141 nuclear moment at low temperatures. This argues against a Pr3+ ground-state electronic magnetic moment, and is strong evidence for the doublet Gamma(3) crystalline-electric-field-split ground state required for a nonmagnetic route to heavy-electron behavior. The data imply the existence of an exchange interaction between neighboring Pr3+ ions of the order of 0.2 K in temperature units, which should be taken into account in a complete theory of a nonmagnetic Kondo effect in PrInAg2. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2500 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. ETH Zurich, Inst Teilchenphys, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Luke, GM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014; Luke, Graeme/A-9094-2010; Amato, Alex/H-7674-2013; OI Amato, Alex/0000-0001-9963-7498; Luke, Graeme/0000-0003-4762-1173 NR 30 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 555 EP 563 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.555 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400088 ER PT J AU Galanakis, I Ostanin, S Alouani, M Dreysse, H Wills, JM AF Galanakis, I Ostanin, S Alouani, M Dreysse, H Wills, JM TI Theoretical study of magnetic properties and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism of the ordered Fe0.5Pd0.5 alloy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-SCATTERING THEORY; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; FEPD(001) THIN-FILMS; MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE ANISOTROPY; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; ORBITAL MAGNETIZATION; TRANSITION-METALS; SUM-RULES; SYSTEMS; FIELDS AB A detailed theoretical study of magnetic and structural properties of Fe0.5Pd0.5 ordered face-centered tetragonal (fct) alloy, using both the local spin density approximation (LSDA) and the generalized gradient approxi- mation (GGA), is presented. The total energy surface as a function of the lattice parameters a and c shows a long valley where stable structures may exist. Our calculation using the GGA predicts a magnetic phase transition from perpendicular to parallel magnetization as a function of the lattice parameter, whereas LSDA favors always the [001] magnetization axis for all values of the lattice parameters. The spin and orbital magnetic moments and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra are calculated for the easy [001] and the hard [100] magnetization axis and for three sets of experimental lattice parameters, and are compared to the available experimental results on these films. A supercell calculation for a 4 monolayer Fe0.5Pd0.5 thin film produced similar results. While the spin magnetic moments are in fair agreement with experiment, the orbital magnetic moments are considerably underestimated. To improve the agreement with experiment we included an atomic orbital polarization term; however, the computed orbital moments scarcely changed. C1 Inst Phys & Chim Mat Strasbourg, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Inst Phys & Chim Mat Strasbourg, 23 Rue Loess, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. RI Alouani, Mebarek/A-9101-2011; Galanakis, Iosif/E-7969-2013 OI Alouani, Mebarek/0000-0002-7985-5276; NR 49 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 599 EP 608 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.599 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400094 ER PT J AU Kang, WN Kang, BW Chen, QY Wu, JZ Bai, Y Chu, WK Christen, DK Kerchner, R Lee, SI AF Kang, WN Kang, BW Chen, QY Wu, JZ Bai, Y Chu, WK Christen, DK Kerchner, R Lee, SI TI Triple sign reversal of the Hall effect in HgBa2CaCu2O6 thin films after heavy-ion irradiation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUASI-PARTICLE SPECTRA; MIXED-STATE; SCALING BEHAVIOR; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; COLUMNAR DEFECTS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; VORTEX; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; RESISTIVITY; DEPENDENCE AB The triple sign reversal in the mixed-state Hall effect has been observed in ion-irradiated HgBa2CaCu2O6 thin films. The negative dip at the third sign reversal is more pronounced for higher fields, which is opposite to the case of the first sign reversal near T-c in most high-T-c superconductors. These observations can be explained by a recent prediction in which the third sign reversal is attributed to the energy derivative of the density of states and to a temperature-dependent function related to the superconducting energy gap. These contributions prominently appear in cases where the mean free path is significantly decreased, such as our case of ion-irradiated thin films. C1 Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Natl Creat Res Initiat Ctr Superconduct, Kyungbuk 790784, South Korea. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kang, WN (reprint author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Natl Creat Res Initiat Ctr Superconduct, Kyungbuk 790784, South Korea. NR 35 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 722 EP 726 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.722 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400108 ER PT J AU Sadewasser, S Schilling, JS Paulikas, AP Veal, BW AF Sadewasser, S Schilling, JS Paulikas, AP Veal, BW TI Pressure dependence of T-c to 17 GPa with and without relaxation effects in superconducting YBa2Cu3Ox SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-TEMPERATURE; HALL-COEFFICIENT; OXYGEN; TL2BA2CUO6+X AB Hydrostatic high-pressure studies to 17 GPa were carried out on superconducting YBa2Cu3Ox over the full range of oxygen content x. The observed bell-shaped T-c(P) dependences are found to depend markedly on the temperature at which the pressure is changed. The time-dependent relaxation processes are studied using both T-c and the electrical resistivity at 298 K as probes. The activation volume for oxygen diffusion is determined from the pressure-dependent activation energy and compared with estimates from a simple hard-sphere model. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Campus Box 1105,1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RI Sadewasser, Sascha/E-6229-2012; OI Sadewasser, Sascha/0000-0001-8384-6025 NR 30 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 741 EP 749 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.741 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400111 ER PT J AU Zuo, F Brooks, JS McKenzie, RH Schlueter, JA Williams, JM AF Zuo, F Brooks, JS McKenzie, RH Schlueter, JA Williams, JM TI Paramagnetic limiting of the upper critical field of the layered organic superconductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu(SCN)(2) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MIXED-STATE PROPERTIES; FULDE-FERRELL STATE; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; PHASE-DIAGRAM; BEDT-TTF; TRANSITION; HEAT; BIS(ETHYLENEDITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)2CUBR; TEMPERATURE AB We report detailed measurements of the interlayer magnetoresistance of the layered organic superconductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu(SCN)(2) for temperatures down to 0.5 K and fields up to 30 T. The upper critical field is determined from the resistive transition for a wide range of temperatures and field directions. For magnetic fields parallel to the layers, the upper critical field increases approximately linearly with decreasing temperature. The upper critical field at low temperatures is compared to the Pauli paramagnetic limit, at which singlet superconductivity should be destroyed by the Zeeman splitting of the electron spins. The measured value is comparable to a value for the paramagnetic limit calculated from thermodynamic quantities but exceeds the limit calculated from BCS theory. The angular dependence of the upper critical field shows a cusplike feature for fields close to the layers, consistent with decoupled layers. C1 Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RI McKenzie, Ross/D-8900-2013 NR 54 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 750 EP 755 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.750 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400112 ER PT J AU Wisniewski, A Puzniak, R Karpinski, J Hofer, J Szymczak, R Baran, M Sauerzopf, FM Molinski, R Kopnin, EM Thompson, JR AF Wisniewski, A Puzniak, R Karpinski, J Hofer, J Szymczak, R Baran, M Sauerzopf, FM Molinski, R Kopnin, EM Thompson, JR TI Influence of neutron-irradiation-induced defects on the flux pinning in HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+x single crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; MERCURY-BASED SUPERCONDUCTOR; IRREVERSIBILITY LINE; COLUMNAR DEFECTS; SURFACE BARRIERS; CURRENT-DENSITY; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; TORQUE; HGBA2CUO4+DELTA; BI2SR2CACU2O8 AB The influence of fast neutron irradiation on flux pinning in HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+x single crystals (T-c = 120 K) subjected to a fluence of 5 x 10(17) cm(-2) was studied. Magnetic measurements were performed using a commercial superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer and a miniaturized torque magnetometer. In the unirradiated state, the irreversibility line (IL), plotted as In(H-irr) vs In(1-T-irr/T-c), shows two slopes. At higher temperatures (85-100 K) the IL is described by a power-law dependence H-irr(T) =H-irr(0) (1 - T-irr/T-c)(alpha) with alpha approximate to 2.1. At lower temperatures (25-60 K), a more rapid change of H-irr with temperature is observed, with the exponent alpha approximate to 4.8. Irradiation shifts the IL to significantly higher magnetic fields/ temperatures, where it is rather well described by a single power-law dependence with the exponent alpha approximate to 2.3. The effective mass anisotropy gamma=(m(c)/m(ab))(1/2), as determined from torque measurements, decreases after neutron irradiation. The shielding current density as a function of temperature up to 60 K is well approximated by the exponential dependence j(s)(T) =j(s)(0)exp(- T/T-0). Irradiation increases the characteristic temperature T-0 from about 5.9 K (in the as-prepared crystal) to T-0=9.4K, clearly reflecting a slower decay of j(s) with temperature. Neutron-generated defects significantly increase j(s) and suppress the "fishtail effect'' (an increase of j(s) with magnetic field), which was present for the unirradiated crystal. C1 Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. ETH Zurich, Festkorperphys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Osterreich Univ, Atominst, A-1020 Vienna, Austria. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wisniewski, A (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Al Lotnikow 32-46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. RI Puzniak, Roman/N-1643-2013; Wisniewski, Andrzej/A-1781-2017 OI Puzniak, Roman/0000-0001-5636-5541; NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 791 EP 798 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.791 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 283NJ UT WOS:000085281400117 ER PT J AU Galli, G Hood, RQ Hazi, AU Gygi, F AF Galli, G Hood, RQ Hazi, AU Gygi, F TI Ab initio simulations of compressed liquid deuterium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; DENSE HYDROGEN; FLUID HYDROGEN; STATE; EQUATION; HOT; METALLIZATION; DISSOCIATION; MBAR AB Using ab initio molecular dynamics, we have investigated liquid deuterium under pressure, in a range of densities relevant to recent laser shock experiments. Our results show that between four- and sixfold compression, and temperatures between 5000 and 10 000 K, the Liquid goes continuously from a dissociation/recombination regime, where a substantial proportion of atoms form D-2 complexes, to a scattering regime, where mostly atoms are present. At about 10 000 K and sixfold compression, we find that the liquid is a poor metal. Our simulations point at a compression alone the Hugoniot larger than indicated by old data, but smaller than predicted by laser shock experiments. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Galli, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 30 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 2 BP 909 EP 912 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.909 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 291VU UT WOS:000085760000021 ER PT J AU Hill, JP McMorrow, DF Boothroyd, AT Stunault, A Vettier, C Berman, LE von Zimmermann, M Wolf, T AF Hill, JP McMorrow, DF Boothroyd, AT Stunault, A Vettier, C Berman, LE von Zimmermann, M Wolf, T TI X-ray-scattering study of copper magnetism in nonsuperconducting PrBa2Cu3O6.92 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EXCHANGE SCATTERING; SPIN-GAP; POLARIZATION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; TRANSITION; PHASE; WAVES; OXIDE; HOLES AB X-ray magnetic scattering from ordered Cu spins has been observed in a high-T-c compound. The measurements were made on the anomalous cuprate PrBa2Cu3O6.92 with x-ray photon energies tuned in the vicinity of the Cu K edge. The high wave-vector resolution enabled us to observe an incommensurate double-Q Cu spin structure below T-Pr = 19 K that forms as a result of coupling between the magnetically ordered Cu and Pr sublattices. Above T-Pr, the Cu ordering is commensurate, ruling out static spin-charge stripe order as an explanation for the absence of superconductivity in this material. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Riso Natl Lab, Dept Solid State Phys, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, XMaS, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Moscow 117936, Russia. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, ITP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Hill, JP (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI McMorrow, Desmond/C-2655-2008; Hill, John/F-6549-2011 OI McMorrow, Desmond/0000-0002-4947-7788; NR 26 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 2 BP 1251 EP 1255 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.1251 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 291VU UT WOS:000085760000063 ER PT J AU Louca, D Brosha, EL Egami, T AF Louca, D Brosha, EL Egami, T TI Structure and lattice defects in LaMnO3+delta and La0.96Sr0.04MnO3+delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PULSED-NEUTRON DIFFRACTION; PHASE-DIAGRAM; DOPED LAMNO3; LA1-XSRXMNO3; TRANSITION; DISTORTION; MAGNETORESISTANCE; NONSTOICHIOMETRY; RESISTIVITY; MANGANITES AB The effect of oxygen content on the atomic structure of La1-xSrxMnO3+delta (x = 0,0.04) was studied by the pulsed neutron pair-density function technique. Excess oxygen (delta>0) in the system leads to vacancy formation at the cation sites and charge doping, resulting in changes in the average structure as well as transitions in the magnetic and transport properties. The most pronounced change in the local structure is the reduction in the magnitude of the local Jahn-Teller distortion around some manganese ions, in strong contrast to the case of divalent cation doping. Our result suggests an inhomogeneous charge distribution with possible localization at the defect site leading to relatively poor conductivity. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Res Struct Matter Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. NR 43 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 2 BP 1351 EP 1356 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.1351 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 291VU UT WOS:000085760000076 ER PT J AU Crabtree, GW Gunter, DO Kaper, HG Koshelev, AE Leaf, GK Vinokur, VM AF Crabtree, GW Gunter, DO Kaper, HG Koshelev, AE Leaf, GK Vinokur, VM TI Numerical simulations of driven vortex systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FLUX PENETRATION; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TWIN BOUNDARIES; COLUMNAR DEFECTS; SUPERCONDUCTOR YBA2CU3OX; BOSON LOCALIZATION; ABRIKOSOV VORTICES; LATTICE; FIELDS; ENTANGLEMENT AB This paper reports on several large-scale numerical simulations of vortex systems that are driven through superconducting media with defects. The simulations are based on the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations. The simulations demonstrate regimes of plastic and elastic steady-state motion in the presence of a twin boundary, show the effect of regular and irregular arrays of point defects on vortex trajectories, and show a mechanism by which vortices move through an array of columnar defects. Also presented are the results of same transient simulations in two and three dimensions, which show that, in the transition from the Meissner state to the vortex state, vortices are formed by a process of deposition. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 37 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 2 BP 1446 EP 1455 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.1446 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 291VU UT WOS:000085760000086 ER PT J AU Fisher, RA Phillips, NE Schilling, A Buffeteau, B Calemczuk, R Hargreaves, TE Marcenat, C Dennis, KW McCallum, RW O'Connor, AS AF Fisher, RA Phillips, NE Schilling, A Buffeteau, B Calemczuk, R Hargreaves, TE Marcenat, C Dennis, KW McCallum, RW O'Connor, AS TI Evidence for line nodes in the energy gap for (La1.85Sr0.15)CuO4 from low-temperature specific-heat measurements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; DENSITY-OF-STATES; MAGNETIC-FIELD DEPENDENCE; MIXED-STATE; LA2-XSRXCUO4; VORTEX AB The dependence of the low-temperature specific heat of (La1.85Sr0.15)CuO4 on magnetic field (H) is reported. Low concentrations of paramagnetic centers allow a different approach to analysis of the data that minimizes the problem of identifying the effects of the line nodes in the energy gap that are expected for d-wave pairing. As a consequence, these effects can be recognized even in the raw data. The data show evidence of the T-2 term expected for H=0, and a well defined (HT)-T-1/2 term for H not equal 0. They conform to a scaling relation recently predicted for d-wave pairing. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CEA Grenoble, LCP, DRFMC, F-38942 Grenoble 9, France. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Schilling, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 26 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 2 BP 1473 EP 1476 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.1473 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 291VU UT WOS:000085760000089 ER PT J AU Staub, U Soderholm, L Wasserman, SR Conner, AGO Kramer, MJ Patterson, BD Shi, M Knapp, M AF Staub, U Soderholm, L Wasserman, SR Conner, AGO Kramer, MJ Patterson, BD Shi, M Knapp, M TI Valence determination as a function of doping in PrBa2Cu3O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; NORMAL STATE PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; FINE-STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-FIELD; PR; SUPPRESSION; RARE; SPECTROSCOPY AB We present results of x-ray absorption near edge spectra (XANES), neutron powder diffraction, and resonant x-ray diffraction on samples of PrBa2Cu3O7-delta and Pr1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7. The data are obtained as a function of the doping levels of oxygen and Ca. There are significant changes in the Pr L-3 XANES spectra with changes in oxygen or Ca concentrations, indicating that the Pr electronic properties are affected by doping. The resonant x-ray scattering experiments show that the changes observed occur on Pr ions incorporated in the PrBa2Cu3O7-delta structure, and are not the result of changes to a Pr-containing impurity phase. A quantitative model, based on Literature precedent, is used to extract Pr valences from the data, although the XANES cannot distinguish between models involving charge transfer and those involving hybridization. The results are compared with data obtained from Pb2Sr2Pr1-xCaxCu3O8. The implications of these experiments are discussed in view of the exceptional magnetic and electronic properties of PrBa2Cu3O7-delta. C1 Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Darmstadt Univ Technol, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. RP Staub, U (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. RI Knapp, Michael/B-4258-2014; Staub, Urs/C-4914-2015 OI Knapp, Michael/0000-0003-0091-8463; NR 40 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 2 BP 1548 EP 1554 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.1548 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 291VU UT WOS:000085760000100 ER PT J AU O'Brien, JL Nakagawa, H Dzurak, AS Clark, RG Kane, BE Lumpkin, NE Starrett, RP Muira, N Mitchell, EE Goettee, JD Rickel, DG Brooks, JS AF O'Brien, JL Nakagawa, H Dzurak, AS Clark, RG Kane, BE Lumpkin, NE Starrett, RP Muira, N Mitchell, EE Goettee, JD Rickel, DG Brooks, JS TI Experimental determination of the B-T phase diagram of YBa2Cu3O7-delta to 150 T for B perpendicular to c SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID UPPER CRITICAL-FIELD; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; FLUX COMPRESSION; MEGAGAUSS FIELDS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; THIN-FILMS; STATE AB The B-T phase diagram for thin film YBa2Cu3O7-delta with B parallel to the superconducting layers has been constructed from GHz transport measurements to 150 T. Up to 110 T the upper critical field is found to be linear in T and in remarkable agreement with extrapolation of the longstanding result of Welp et al. arising from magnetization measurements to 6 T. Beyond this a departure from linear behavior occurs at T = 74 K, consistent with previous low-temperature data. Evidence for a transition from a high-T regime dominated by orbital effects, to a low-T regime, where paramagnetic limiting drives the quenching of superconductivity, is seen. C1 Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Natl Pulsed Magnet Lab, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Semicond Nanofabricat Facil, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Tokyo 106, Japan. CSIRO, Div Telecommun & Ind Phys, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Natl Pulsed Magnet Lab, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM job@phys.unsw.edu.au RI Dzurak, Andrew/C-5973-2009; O'Brien, Jeremy/A-6290-2008; OI O'Brien, Jeremy/0000-0002-3576-8285 NR 30 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 2 BP 1584 EP 1587 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.1584 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 291VU UT WOS:000085760000104 ER PT J AU Mints, RG Kogan, VG Clem, JR AF Mints, RG Kogan, VG Clem, JR TI Vortices in magnetically coupled superconducting layered systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VORTEX AB Pancake vortices in stacks of thin superconducting films or layers are considered. It is stressed that in the absence of Josephson coupling topological restrictions upon possible configurations of vortices are removed and various examples of structures forbidden in bulk superconductors are given. In particular, it is shown that vortices may skip surface layers in samples of less than a certain size R-c which might be macroscopic. The Josephson coupling suppresses R-c estimates. C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Mints, RG (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. RI Mints, Roman/A-5091-2008 NR 13 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 2 BP 1623 EP 1629 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.1623 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 291VU UT WOS:000085760000110 ER PT J AU Sonier, JE Brewer, JH Kiefl, RF Bonn, DA Chakhalian, J Dunsiger, SR Hardy, WN Liang, R MacFarlane, WA Miller, RI Noakes, DR Riseman, TM Stronach, CE AF Sonier, JE Brewer, JH Kiefl, RF Bonn, DA Chakhalian, J Dunsiger, SR Hardy, WN Liang, R MacFarlane, WA Miller, RI Noakes, DR Riseman, TM Stronach, CE TI Melting and dimensionality of the vortex lattice in YBa2Cu3O6.60 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MUON-SPIN-ROTATION; MAGNETIC PENETRATION DEPTH; T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; FIELD PHASE-DIAGRAM; FLUX-LINE-LATTICE; UNTWINNED YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; ANISOTROPIC SUPERCONDUCTORS; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; THERMAL FLUCTUATIONS; SURFACE IMPEDANCE AB Muon spin rotation (mu SR) measurements of the magnetic-field distribution n(B) in the vortex state of the oxygen deficient high-T-c superconductor YBa2Cu3O6.60 reveal a vortex-lattice melting transition at much lower temperature than that in the fully oxygenated material. The transition is best described by a model in which adjacent layers of "pancake" vortices decouple in the Liquid phase. In some samples we also observe changes in n(B) which are consistent with a vortex lattice which becomes disordered along the field direction above a crossover held B-cr. A transition of this nature has previously been reported in the highly anisotropic superconductor Bi2+xSr2-xCaCu2O8+y. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ British Columbia, Canadian Inst Adv Res, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Univ Paris Sud, UMR 8502, Phys Solides Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. Univ Birmingham, Superconduct Res Grp, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RP Sonier, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Chakhalian, Jak/F-2274-2015 NR 39 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 2 BP R890 EP R893 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.R890 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 291VU UT WOS:000085760000017 ER PT J AU Asztalos, SJ Lee, IY Vetter, K Cederwall, B Clark, RM Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Jing, K Phair, L Macchiavelli, AO Stephens, FS Wozniak, GJ Bernstein, LA McNabb, DP Hua, PF Sarantites, DG Saladin, JX Yu, CH Cizewski, JA AF Asztalos, SJ Lee, IY Vetter, K Cederwall, B Clark, RM Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Jing, K Phair, L Macchiavelli, AO Stephens, FS Wozniak, GJ Bernstein, LA McNabb, DP Hua, PF Sarantites, DG Saladin, JX Yu, CH Cizewski, JA TI Isotopic yields of neutron-rich nuclei from deep-inelastic reactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONS; EQUILIBRATION; POPULATION; STATES AB We follow up on our earlier work involving a light projectile (Ca-48) to populate high spin states in neutron-rich nuclei with results from experiments involving a heavier projectile (Sm-154) fur the purposes of studying isotopic yields. These yields, which in some cases were mensurable down to a level of 0.1 of the total reaction cross section, are presented from three separate reactions. A trend in the isotopic yields towards N/Z equilibration is observed in one experiment having a large disparity in N/Z ratios between the projectile and target. In the two other reactions, where the N/Z driving force is less pronounced, the yields are instead clustered around the projectile and target nuclei. We present correlated projectilelike and targetlike fragment isotopic yields derived from gamma-gamma coincidences, a technique that enables one to partition the yield of an isotope according to the amount of neutron evaporation. Using this method we find that for the zero-neutron evaporation channel transfer occurs predominantly into the light fragment, consistent with the nature of the deep-inelastic mechanism. We further find that multiple-neutron evaporation contributes substantially to the yields of the isotopes. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94721 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Asztalos, SJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94721 USA. RI Cederwall, Bo/M-3337-2014 OI Cederwall, Bo/0000-0003-1771-2656 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 014602 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 274RL UT WOS:000084778800025 ER PT J AU Devlin, M LaFosse, DR Lerma, F Rudolph, D Sarantites, DG Thirolf, PG AF Devlin, M LaFosse, DR Lerma, F Rudolph, D Sarantites, DG Thirolf, PG TI Yrast spectroscopy of Cr-54 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SHELL-MODEL; ISOTOPES; NUCLEI AB High-spin levels in the heaviest stable isotope of chromium were observed following the fusion-evaporation reaction C-12(Ca-48, alpha 2n)Cr-54 at a beam energy of 157 MeV, using the GAMMASPHERE and MICROBALL detector arrays. Numerous yrast and near yrast levels are reported, and previously assigned 7(+) and 9(+) levels are suggested to be 5(+) and 7(+), respectively. The inferred level scheme is compared with shell model calculations. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Univ Munich, Sekt Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Univ Lund, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Devlin, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE-3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 017301 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 274RL UT WOS:000084778800044 ER PT J AU Ginter, TN Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Gross, CJ Grzywacz, R Hamilton, JH Janas, Z Karny, M Kim, SH Mas, JF McConnell, JW Piechaczek, A Ramayya, AV Rykaczewski, K Semmes, PB Szerypo, J Toth, KS Wadsworth, R Yu, CH Zganjar, EF AF Ginter, TN Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Gross, CJ Grzywacz, R Hamilton, JH Janas, Z Karny, M Kim, SH Mas, JF McConnell, JW Piechaczek, A Ramayya, AV Rykaczewski, K Semmes, PB Szerypo, J Toth, KS Wadsworth, R Yu, CH Zganjar, EF TI Proton emission from (150)Lu SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DRIP-LINE; RADIOACTIVITY; EMITTERS; ENERGIES; NUCLEI; DECAY; TA-156; SYSTEM AB Proton emission from (150)Lu was Studied using a double-sided silicon strip detector placed at the focal plane of the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility's Recoil Mass Spectrometer. The (150)Lu nuclei were produced in the (96)Ru((58)Ni,p 3n) reaction at a beam energy of 292 MeV. The half-life of the previously observed proton emitting state at 1.261 MeV was remeasured to be 49+/-5 ms. A new proton emitting state in (150)Lu was observed with a transition energy of 1.295+/-0.015 MeV and a half-life of 30(-15)(+95) mu s. These values are consistent with an l = 2 character for the new proton transition. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RP Ginter, TN (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 014308 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 274RL UT WOS:000084778800019 ER PT J AU Glozman, LY Papp, Z Plessas, W Varga, K Wagenbrunn, RF AF Glozman, LY Papp, Z Plessas, W Varga, K Wagenbrunn, RF TI Reply to 'Comment on "Effective Q-Q interactions in constituent quark models"' SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Letter ID BARYON; SPECTRUM AB We emphasize the essential requirements for dealing with zero-range interactions in few-body systems. In particular, we make clear how the delta-function potentials appearing in nonrelativistic derivations of boson-exchange interactions are to be treated in order to provide sound input for quark model calculations of hadron spectra. The necessity of an exact solution of the few-quark system under consideration appears absolutely imperative. This condition is not met by some hybrid quark models we have tested in our original paper. As a result they fail in describing the N and Delta spectra. C1 KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tokyo 1888501, Japan. Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. Graz Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, A-8010 Graz, Austria. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. RP Glozman, LY (reprint author), KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tokyo 1888501, Japan. RI Varga, Kalman/A-7102-2013 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 019804 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 274RL UT WOS:000084778800048 ER PT J AU Hasan, MA Vary, JP Lee, TSH AF Hasan, MA Vary, JP Lee, TSH TI Effect of neutron excess on Delta excitations in exotic nuclei SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID COMPRESSED FINITE NUCLEI; MESON-EXCHANGE CALCULATION; LIGHT-NUCLEI; NN; SCATTERING; COMPONENTS; MODELS AB The effects of neutron excess on the formation of Delta(3,3) resonance states in exotic nuclei at equilibrium and under large amplitude compression have been investigated within the radial constraint spherical Hartree-Fock method. An effective Hamiltonian has been used which includes the Delta degree of freedom explicitly. Results are presented for O-28, Ca-60, and Ca-70 in a model space of seven major oscillator shells and eight Delta orbitals. The results show that the formation of the Delta's depends strongly on the amount of neutron excess in the nuclear system. In contrast to previous work where we found no Delta's in O-16 and Ca-40 at equilibrium, these results show that a significant amount of Delta's exists at equilibrium in exotic isotopes. In addition, as the nucleus is compressed to a density of 2.5 times the ordinary nuclear density, the percentage of the Delta's rises to 3%, 5%, and 7% of the total number of all baryons in O-28, Ca-60, and Ca-70, respectively. This suggests a parametrization for the percentage of the Delta's created at 2.5 times the normal density of the form 0.25(N-Z)%. The results are consistent with the theoretical prediction of the formation of Delta matter in neutron-rich matter at high compression. C1 Appl Sci Univ, Amman, Jordan. Int Inst Theoret & Appl Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hasan, MA (reprint author), Appl Sci Univ, Amman, Jordan. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 014301 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 274RL UT WOS:000084778800012 ER PT J AU Johnson, CW Bertsch, GF Dean, DJ Talmi, I AF Johnson, CW Bertsch, GF Dean, DJ Talmi, I TI Generalized seniority from random Hamiltonians SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB We investigate the generic pairing properties of shell-model many-body Hamiltonians drawn from ensembles of random two-body matrix elements. Many features of pairing that are commonly attributed to the interaction are in fact seen in a large part of the ensemble space. Not only do the spectra show evidence of pairing with favored J=0 ground states and an energy gap, but the relationship between ground-state wave functions of neighboring nuclei shows signatures of pairing as well. Matrix elements of pair creation-annihilation operators between ground states tend to be strongly enhanced. Furthermore, the same or similar pair operators connect several ground states along an isotopic chain. This algebraic structure is reminiscent of the generalized seniority model. Thus pairing may be encoded to a certain extent in the Fock space connectivity of the interacting shell model even without specific features of the interaction required. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Johnson, CW (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. NR 12 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 014311 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 274RL UT WOS:000084778800022 ER PT J AU Kelsall, NS Wadsworth, R Asztalos, SJ Busse, B Chiara, CJ Clark, RM Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Fossan, DB Jenkins, DG Juutinen, S Krucken, R Lane, GJ Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Parry, CM Schmid, GJ Sears, JM Smith, JF Stephens, FS Vetter, K Frauendorf, SG AF Kelsall, NS Wadsworth, R Asztalos, SJ Busse, B Chiara, CJ Clark, RM Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Fossan, DB Jenkins, DG Juutinen, S Krucken, R Lane, GJ Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Parry, CM Schmid, GJ Sears, JM Smith, JF Stephens, FS Vetter, K Frauendorf, SG TI Evidence for shears bands in Cd-108 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC ROTATION; MECHANISM AB High-spin states were populated in Cd-108 using the Zr-96(O-16,4n) reaction at a beam energy of 72 MeV. Two magnetic dipole bands have been observed, both of which contain weak E2 crossover transitions. Lifetimes for the stronger of the two bands were measured via the Doppler shift attenuation method. The configuration assignment for this band has been determined from comparison with tilted axis cranking model calculations to be pi[g(9/2)(-3)g(7/2)]x nu[h(11/2)(g(7/2)d(5/2))(1)] and pi[g(9/2)(-3)g(7/2)]x nu[h(11/2)(3)(g(7/2)d(5/2))(1)], before and after the nu h(11/2)(2) band crossing, respectively. The deduced B(M1) strengths decrease rapidly with increasing spin after the nu h(11/2)(2) alignment, which is a characteristic behavior of a shears band. C1 Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, SF-40100 Jyvaskyla, Finland. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Kelsall, NS (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RI Lane, Gregory/A-7570-2011; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Lane, Gregory/0000-0003-2244-182X; Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 011301 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 274RL UT WOS:000084778800001 ER PT J AU Kondev, FG Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Wiedenhover, I Alcorta, M Bhattacharyya, P Brown, LT Davids, CN Fischer, SM Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Nouicer, R Reviol, W Riedinger, LL Seweryniak, D Siem, S Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Woods, PJ AF Kondev, FG Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Wiedenhover, I Alcorta, M Bhattacharyya, P Brown, LT Davids, CN Fischer, SM Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Nouicer, R Reviol, W Riedinger, LL Seweryniak, D Siem, S Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Woods, PJ TI Complex band structure in neutron-deficient Hg-178 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; SHAPE COEXISTENCE; ALIGNMENT PROCESSES; HG ISOTOPES; NUCLEI; OS-180 AB Using the GAMMASPHERE array in conjunction with the Fragment Mass Analyzer, the level structure of the near drip-line nucleus Hg-178 has been considerably expanded with the recoil-decay tagging technique. Of particular interest is a new rotational band which exhibits a complex decay towards the low spin states arising from both the prolate-deformed and the nearly spherical coexisting minima. It is proposed that this band is associated at low spin with an octupole vibration which is crossed at moderate frequency by a shape driving, two quasiproton excitation. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. De Paul Univ, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Univ Edinburgh, Dept Phys, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Kondev, FG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Alcorta, Martin/G-7107-2011; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Alcorta, Martin/0000-0002-6217-5004; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 011303 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 274RL UT WOS:000084778800003 ER PT J AU Petrache, CM Lo Bianco, G Ward, D Galindo-Uribarri, A Spolaore, P Bazzacco, D Kroll, T Lunardi, S Menegazzo, R Alvarez, CR Macchiavelli, AO Cromaz, M Fallon, P Lane, GJ Gast, W Lieder, RM Falconi, G Afanasjev, AV Ragnarsson, I AF Petrache, CM Lo Bianco, G Ward, D Galindo-Uribarri, A Spolaore, P Bazzacco, D Kroll, T Lunardi, S Menegazzo, R Alvarez, CR Macchiavelli, AO Cromaz, M Fallon, P Lane, GJ Gast, W Lieder, RM Falconi, G Afanasjev, AV Ragnarsson, I TI Stable triaxiality at the highest spins in Nd-138 and Nd-139 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY DEFORMED BANDS; MASS REGION; STATES; NUCLEUS AB The nuclei Nd-138 and Nd-139 have been studied at very high spins via the Ca-48+Zr-94 reaction. Several new rotational bands were observed, four in Nd-138 and two in Nd-139. Th, J((2)) moments of inertia calculated from the observed gamma-ray energies are very small and almost constant, indicating that these bands are triaxial. Cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations reproduce the general behavior of the bands, supporting this interpretation and suggesting an approximately constant gamma value of similar to +35 degrees over a large spin range up to the highest observed spins. These bands and a few similar bands in other nuclei of the N approximate to 80 region are a unique example of almost undisturbed triaxial bands. C1 Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. Univ Camerino, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, I-62032 Camerino, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85747 Garching, Germany. Univ Latvia, Inst Solid State Phys, Lab Radiat Phys, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia. Lund Inst Technol, Dept Math Phys, Lund, Sweden. RP Petrache, CM (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. RI Lane, Gregory/A-7570-2011; Petrache, Costel/E-9867-2012; Menegazzo, Roberto/J-5853-2012 OI Lane, Gregory/0000-0003-2244-182X; Petrache, Costel/0000-0001-8419-1390; Menegazzo, Roberto/0000-0002-3060-5276 NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 011305 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 274RL UT WOS:000084778800005 ER PT J AU Smolanczuk, R AF Smolanczuk, R TI Excitation functions for the production of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB Excitation energy dependence of the cross sections of the reactions Pb-208(126)(Ti-50(28),1n)(257)Rf(153) and Pb-208(126)(Fe-58(32),1n)(265)Hs(157) is calculated and compared with the experimental data measured at GSI-Darmstadt. Such a dependence is also calculated for the reaction Pb-208(126)(Kr-86(50),1n)(293)118(175) reported recently by the Berkeley group, and for reactions which may lead to the synthesis of element 119 and production of its odd-Z descendants. Recommendations for future experiments based on the present study an presented. C1 Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, Nucl Theory Dept, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Smolanczuk, R (reprint author), Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, Nucl Theory Dept, Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. EM smolan@fuw.edu.pl NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 011601 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 274RL UT WOS:000084778800006 ER PT J AU Zhang, XQ Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Zhu, SJ Hwang, JK Beyer, CJ Kormicki, J Jones, EF Gore, PM Babu, BRS Ginter, TN Aryaeinejad, R Butler-Moore, K Cole, JD Drigert, MW Jewell, JK Reber, EL Gilat, J Rasmussen, JO Daniel, AV Oganessian, YT Ter-Akopian, GM Ma, WC Varmette, PG Bernstein, LA Lougheed, RW Moody, KJ Stoyer, MA AF Zhang, XQ Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Zhu, SJ Hwang, JK Beyer, CJ Kormicki, J Jones, EF Gore, PM Babu, BRS Ginter, TN Aryaeinejad, R Butler-Moore, K Cole, JD Drigert, MW Jewell, JK Reber, EL Gilat, J Rasmussen, JO Daniel, AV Oganessian, YT Ter-Akopian, GM Ma, WC Varmette, PG Bernstein, LA Lougheed, RW Moody, KJ Stoyer, MA TI Identification of high spin states in neutron-rich Pd-113,Pd-115,Pd-117 nuclei SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS FISSION; BAND STRUCTURES; ISOTOPES; CF-252; PD-108 AB New band structures in the neutron-rich Pd-113,Pd-115,Pd-117 nuclei have been constructed by measuring the gamma-gamma-gamma coincidences emitted from the spontaneous fission of Cf-252 with GAMMASPHERE. The triple gamma-ray coincidence data revealed new negative-parity bands built on 11/2(-) isomeric states in Pd-113,Pd-115,Pd-117. These bands built on the nu h(11/2) orbital suggest a band crossing at a frequency of (h) over bar omega approximate to 0.45 MeV. The rotational behavior and energy level spacings of these bands suggest a prolate shape. Two previously unreported bands are also observed in Pd-113,Pd-115 and tentatively assigned positive parity. These have band crossings at 0.25 and 0.32 MeV. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37835 USA. Idaho Natl Environm & Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Zhang, XQ (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 014305 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 274RL UT WOS:000084778800016 ER PT J AU Asner, DM Eppich, A Gronberg, J Hill, TS Lange, DJ Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Roberts, D Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Krieg, H Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M von Dombrowski, S Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Meyer, TO Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Thayer, JG Thies, PG Valant-Spaight, B Warburton, A Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescot, C Rubiera, AI Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Yamamoto, H Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Plager, C Sedlack, C Selen, M Thaler, JI Williams, J Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Davis, R Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Zhao, X Zhou, L Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lee, SJ Mahapatra, R O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Gan, KK Gwon, C Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lorenc, J Schwarthoff, H Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Undrus, A Bishai, M Chen, S Fast, J Hinson, JW Lee, J Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Glenn, S Kwon, Y Lyon, AL Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Savinov, V Ugolini, D Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Stroynowski, R Ye, J Wlodek, T Artuso, M Ayad, S Dambasuren, E Kopp, S Majumder, G Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Titov, A Viehhauser, G Wang, JC Csorna, SE McLean, KW Marka, S Xu, Z Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonivicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Chan, S Eigen, G Lipeles, E Schmidtler, M Shapiro, A Sun, WM Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Jaffe, DE Masek, G Paar, HP Potter, EM Prell, S Sharma, V AF Asner, DM Eppich, A Gronberg, J Hill, TS Lange, DJ Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Roberts, D Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Krieg, H Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Baker, R Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M von Dombrowski, S Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Meyer, TO Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Thayer, JG Thies, PG Valant-Spaight, B Warburton, A Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescot, C Rubiera, AI Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Yamamoto, H Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Plager, C Sedlack, C Selen, M Thaler, JI Williams, J Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Davis, R Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Zhao, X Zhou, L Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lee, SJ Mahapatra, R O'Neill, JJ Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Gan, KK Gwon, C Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lorenc, J Schwarthoff, H Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Richichi, SJ Severini, H Skubic, P Undrus, A Bishai, M Chen, S Fast, J Hinson, JW Lee, J Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Glenn, S Kwon, Y Lyon, AL Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Savinov, V Ugolini, D Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Stroynowski, R Ye, J Wlodek, T Artuso, M Ayad, S Dambasuren, E Kopp, S Majumder, G Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Titov, A Viehhauser, G Wang, JC Csorna, SE McLean, KW Marka, S Xu, Z Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonivicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Chan, S Eigen, G Lipeles, E Schmidtler, M Shapiro, A Sun, WM Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Jaffe, DE Masek, G Paar, HP Potter, EM Prell, S Sharma, V TI Hadronic structure in the decay tau(-) -> nu(tau)pi(-) pi(0) pi(0) and the sign of the tau neutrino helicity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID A1; PARAMETERS; LIBRARY; MASS; 3-PRONG; PIONS AB Based on a sample corresponding to 4.3 x 10(6) produced tau-pair events, we have studied hadronic dynamics in the decay tau(-)--> nu(tau) pi(-) pi(o)pi(o) in data recorded by the CLEO II detector operating at the CESR e(+)e(-) collider. The decay is dominated by the process tau(-)-->nu(tau)a(1)(-)(1260), with the a(1)(-) meson decaying to three pions predominantly via the lowest dimensional (mainly S-wave) rho(-)pi(o) Born amplitude. From model-dependent fits to the Dalitz plot and angular observables in bins of 3 pi mass, we find significant additional contributions from amplitudes for a(1) decay to sigma pi, f(o)(1370) pi, and f(2)(1270) pi, as well as higher dimensional a(1)-->rho pi and rho' pi amplitudes. Notably, the squared sigma pi amplitude accounts for approximately 15% of the total tau(-)-->nu(tau)pi(-)pi(o)pi(o) rate in the models considered. The data are well described using couplings to these amplitudes that are independent of the 3 pi mass. These amplitudes also provide a good description for the tau(-) -->nu(tau)pi(-)pi(+)pi(-) Dalitz plot distributions. We have searched for additional contributions from tau(-)-->nu(tau)pi' -(1300). We place 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fraction for this channel of between 1.0 x 10(-4) and 1.9 x 10(-4), depending on the pi' decay mode considered. The pi(-)pi(o)pi(o) mass spectrum is parametrized by a Breit-Wigner form with a mass-dependent width which is specified according to the results of the Dalitz plot fits plus an unknown coupling to an a(1)-->K*K amplitude. From a chi(2) fit using this parametrization, we extract the pole mass and width of the a(1), as well as the magnitude of the K*K coupling. We have also investigated the impact of a possible contribution from the a(1)'(1700) meson on this spectrum. Finally, exploiting the parity-violating angular asymmetry in a(1)-->3 pi decay, we determine the signed value of the tau neutrino helicity to be h(nu tau) = - 1.02+/-0.13 (stat) +/- 0.03 (syst + model), confirming the left-handedness of the tau neutrino. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Inst Particle Phys, Ottawa, ON, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Ithaca Coll, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RI Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014 OI Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039 NR 39 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 012002 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 272WP UT WOS:000084674200005 ER PT J AU Baer, H Dawson, S Reina, L AF Baer, H Dawson, S Reina, L TI Measuring the top quark Yukawa coupling at a linear e(+)e(-) collider SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB The cross section for the reaction e(+)e(-) --> t (t) over bar H depends sensitively on the top quark Yukawa coupling lambda(t). We calculate the rate for t (t) over bar H production, followed by the decay H-->b (b) over bar, for a standard model Higgs boson with 100 GeV less than or equal to m(H)less than or equal to 130 GeV. We interface with ISAJET to generate QCD radiation, hadronization and particle decays. We also calculate the dominant t (t) over bar b (b) over bar backgrounds from electroweak and QCD processes. We consider both semileptonic and fully hadronic decays of the t (t) over bar system, In our analysis, we attempt a full reconstruction of the top quark and W boson masses in the generated events. The invariant mass of the remaining b jets should show evidence of Higgs boson production. We estimate the accuracy with which lambda(t) can be measured at a linear e(+)e(-) collider, Our results, including statistical but not systematic errors, show that the top quark Yukawa coupling can be measured to 6-8% accuracy with 1000 fb(-1) at E-c.m. = 1 TeV, assuming 100% efficiency for b-jet tagging; The accuracy of the measurement drops to 17-22% if only a 60% efficiency for b tagging is achieved. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Baer, H (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. NR 17 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 013002 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 272WP UT WOS:000084674200008 ER PT J AU Han, T Huang, T Lin, ZH Wang, JX Zhang, X AF Han, T Huang, T Lin, ZH Wang, JX Zhang, X TI e(+)e(-)-> t(t)over-barH with nonstandard Higgs boson couplings SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FERMION MASS GENERATION; DYNAMIC SYMMETRY-BREAKING; STANDARD MODEL; 3RD-FAMILY QUARKS; TOP QUARK; SCALE; UNITARITY; T(T)OVER-BAR; CONDENSATION; COLLIDERS AB We consider a general effective Lagrangian for couplings of a Higgs boson to the top quark to dimension-six operators including CP violation effects. Constraints on some of them an derived from the Z --> b (b) over bar data. We study the process e(+)e(-)--> t (t) over bar H to probe the nonstandard couplings. We find that at a linear collider with a c.m. energy root s similar to 0.5-1.5 TeV and a high luminosity of 10-1000 fb(-1), these non-standard couplings may be sensitively probed. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Han, T (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 015006 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 272WP UT WOS:000084674200041 ER PT J AU Hashimoto, S El-Khadra, AX Kronfeld, AS Mackenzie, PB Ryan, SM Simone, JN AF Hashimoto, S El-Khadra, AX Kronfeld, AS Mackenzie, PB Ryan, SM Simone, JN TI Lattice QCD calculation of (B)over-bar -> Dl(nu)over-bar decay form factors at zero recoil SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUARK EFFECTIVE THEORY; ISGUR-WISE FUNCTION; B-MESON; PERTURBATION-THEORY; B->C TRANSITIONS; VERTICAL-BAR; SUM-RULES; HEAVY; FERMIONS; AMBIGUITIES AB A lattice QCD calculation of the (B) over bar --> Dl (v) over bar decay form factors is presented. We obtain the value of the form factor h(+)(w) at the zero-recoil limit w=1 with high precision by considering a ratio of correlation functions in which the bulk of the uncertainties cancels. The other form factor h(-)(w) is calculated, for small recoil momenta, from a similar ratio. In both cases, the heavy quark mass dependence is observed through direct calculations with several combinations of initial and final heavy quark masses. Our results are h(+)(1) =1.007(6)(2)(3) and h(-)(1)=-0.107(28)(04)(10/30). For both the first error is statistical; the second sterns from the uncertainty in adjusting the heavy quark masses and the last from omitted radiative corrections. Combining these results, we obtain a precise determination of the physical combination FB --> D(1) =1.058(20/17), where the mentioned systematic errors are added in quadrature. The dependence on lattice spacing and the effect of quenching are not yet included, but with our method they should be a fraction of FB --> D-1. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 39 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 014502 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 272WP UT WOS:000084674200035 ER PT J AU Lee, W Weingarten, D AF Lee, W Weingarten, D TI Scalar quarkonium masses and mixing with the lightest scalar glueball SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID F(0)(1500); LATTICE AB We evaluate the continuum limit of the valence (quenched) approximation to the mass of the lightest scalar quarkonium state, for a range of different quark masses, and to the mixing energy between these states and the lightest scalar glueball. Our results support the interpretation of f(0)(1710) as composed mainly of the lightest scalar glueball. C1 IBM Res Corp, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, T-8,MS B285, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 22 TC 161 Z9 162 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 014015 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 272WP UT WOS:000084674200031 ER PT J AU Lykken, JD Matchev, KT AF Lykken, JD Matchev, KT TI Supersymmetry signatures with tau jets at the Fermilab Tevatron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HIGGS-BOSON DECAYS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; SEARCH; COLLISIONS; COLLIDER; LEPTON; BETA AB We study the supersymmetry reach of the Fermilab Tevatron in channels containing both isolated leptons and identified tau jets. In the must challenging case, where the branching ratios of gauginos to taus dominate, we find that searches for two leptons, a tau jet and a large amount of missing transverse energy have a much better reach than the classic trilepton signature. With a total integrated luminosity of L greater than or similar to 4fb(-1), the Tevatron will start extending the expected CERN LEP-II reach for supersymmetry. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 015001 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 272WP UT WOS:000084674200036 ER PT J AU Rizzo, TG Wells, JD AF Rizzo, TG Wells, JD TI Electroweak precision measurements and collider probes of the standard model with large extra dimensions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; SUPERSTRINGS; TEV; MILLIMETER AB The elementary particles of the standard model may reside in more than 3 + 1 dimensions. We study the consequences of large compactified dimensions on scattering and decay observables at high-energy colliders. Our analysis includes global fits to electroweak precision data, indirect tests at high-energy electron-positron colliders (CERN LEP2, and NLC), and direct probes of the Kaluza-Klein resonances at hadron colliders (Fermilab Tevatron and CERN LHC). The present limits depend sensitively on the Higgs sector, both the mass of the Higgs boson and how many dimensions it feels. Lf the Higgs boson is trapped on a (3 + 1)-dimensional wall with the fermions, large Higgs boson masses (up to 500 GeV) and relatively light Kaluza-Klein mass scales (less than 4 Tev) can provide a good fit to precision data. That is, a light Higgs boson is not necessary to At the electroweak precision data, as it is in the standard model. If the Higgs boson propagates in higher dimensions, precision data prefer a light Higgs boson (less than 260 GeV) and a higher compactification scale (greater than 3.8 TeV). Future colliders can probe much larger scales. For example, a 1.5 TeV electron-positron linear collider can indirectly discover Kaluza-Klein excitations up to 31 TeV if 500 fb(-1) integrated luminosity is obtained. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP Rizzo, TG (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 91 TC 232 Z9 232 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 1 PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 AR 016007 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 272WP UT WOS:000084674200054 ER PT J AU Csernai, LP Lazar, ZI Lazar, IA Molnar, D Pipek, J Strottman, DD AF Csernai, LP Lazar, ZI Lazar, IA Molnar, D Pipek, J Strottman, DD TI Event-by-event fluid dynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CORRECTED TRANSPORT; DILUTE GAS; SONOLUMINESCENCE; FLUCTUATIONS; SYSTEMS; BUBBLE AB Coarse grained Langevin-type effective field equations may provide some guidance for the analysis of mesoscopic or microscopic molecular systems exhibiting fluctuations, or for systems of hundreds to thousands of atomic or subatomic particles produced in atomic or high-energy nuclear collisions. Suggestions for consistent realization of random fluctuations in discretized fluid dynamics will be presented. C1 Univ Bergen, Theoret Phys Sect, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. KFKI, Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Babes Bolyai, Dept Phys, Cluj Napoca 3400, Romania. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Tech Univ Budapest, Dept Theoret Phys, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, DO, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Univ Bergen, Theoret Phys Sect, Allegaten 55, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. RI Lazar, Zsolt/C-5196-2015; Pipek, Janos/G-4299-2015 OI Pipek, Janos/0000-0003-1101-3360 NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 237 EP 246 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.61.237 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 277LN UT WOS:000084935200038 ER PT J AU Clague, DS Kandhai, BD Zhang, R Sloot, PMA AF Clague, DS Kandhai, BD Zhang, R Sloot, PMA TI Hydraulic permeability of (un)bounded fibrous media using the lattice Boltzmann method SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID POROUS-MEDIA; PERIODIC ARRAYS; FLOW; DERIVATION; CYLINDERS; EQUATION AB Several articles have been written regarding the hydraulic permeability of ordered and disordered fibrous media. Here, we explore wall effects on hydraulic permeabilities for ordered and disordered media using the lattice Boltzmann (LB) simulation method. Simulation results are found to be in excellent agreement with the semi analytic result of Sangani and Acrivos, and simulation results for disordered media are in good agreement with the results of Jackson and James and Higdon and Ford's fee lattice. The macroscopic behavior, the hydraulic permeability, shows a distinct connection with the geometry of the system. This connection is explored and elucidated for ordered and disordered media. Finally, hydraulic permeabilities for bounded media at various wall separations are presented for both ordered and;disordered media and results are compared with hydraulic permeabilities calculated for the unbounded media, and a phenomenological correlation is presented to facilitate rapid prediction of hydraulic permeabilities for both unbounded and bounded fibrous media. PACS number(s): 47.55.Mh. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Amsterdam, Dept Math, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Clague, DS (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,Mail Stop L-223, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 21 TC 72 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 616 EP 625 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.61.616 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 277LN UT WOS:000084935200080 ER PT J AU Wang, TSF AF Wang, TSF TI Particle-core study of halo dynamics in periodic-focusing channels SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BEAMS; SIMULATION AB This paper reports on an approach to investigate the dynamics of halo particles in mismatched charged-particle beams propagating through periodic-focusing channels using the particle-core model. The proposed method employs canonical transformations to minimize, in new phase-space variables, the flutter due to the periodic focusing to allow making stroboscopic plots. Applying this method, we find that in periodic-focusing systems, certain particles initially not in the halo region can be brought into resonance with the core oscillation to become halo particles. PACS number(s): 41.85.-p, 29.17.+w, 29.27.Bd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS H808, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 855 EP 861 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.61.855 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 277LN UT WOS:000084935200110 ER PT J AU Kaiser, TB AF Kaiser, TB TI Laser ray tracing and power deposition on an unstructured three-dimensional grid SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION AB A scheme is presented for laser beam evolution and power deposition on three-dimensional unstructured grids composed of hexahedra, prisms, pyramids, and tetrahedra. The geometrical-optics approximation to the electromagnetic wave equation is used to follow propagation of a collection of discrete rays used to represent the beam(s). Ray trajectory equations are integrated using a method that is second order in time, exact for a constant electron-density gradient, and capable bf dealing with density discontinuities that arise in certain hydrodynamics formulations. Power deposition by inverse-bremsstrahlung is modeled with a scheme based on Gaussian quadrature to accommodate a deposition rate whose spatial variation is highly nonuniform. Comparisons with analytic results are given for a density ramp in three dimensions, and a ''quadratic-well'' density trough in two dimensions. PACS number(s): 02.70.-c, 07.05.Tp, 02.60.Cb, 02.60.Lj. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kaiser, TB (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 21 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 895 EP 905 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.61.895 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 277LN UT WOS:000084935200116 ER PT J AU Hartemann, FV AF Hartemann, FV TI Stochastic electron gas theory of coherence in laser-driven synchrotron radiation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CLASSICAL-THEORY; SCATTERING AB The transition from coherent to incoherent. laser-driven synchrotron radiation is. studied within. the framework of a stochastic electron gas model. The fundamental difference between this approach and a relativistic fluid model resides in the fact that, for any number of incoherently phased point electrons, the 4-current contains Fourier components at arbitrarily short wavelengths, whereas the fluid model introduces an unphysical cutoff scale. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Laser Sci & Applicat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hartemann, FV (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Laser Sci & Applicat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP 972 EP 975 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.61.972 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 277LN UT WOS:000084935200131 ER PT J AU Ben-Naim, E Krapivsky, PL AF Ben-Naim, E Krapivsky, PL TI Multiscaling in inelastic collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID MODELS AB We study relaxation properties of two-body collisions on the mean-field level. We show that this process exhibits multiscaling asymptotic behavior as the underlying distribution is characterized by an infinite set of nontrivial exponents. These nonequilibrium relaxation characteristics are found to be closely related to the steady state properties of the system. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Boston Univ, Ctr Polymer Studies, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Ben-Naim, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; Krapivsky, Pavel/A-4612-2014 OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304; NR 16 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP R5 EP R8 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.61.R5 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 277LN UT WOS:000084935200002 ER PT J AU Jiang, Y Lookman, T Saxena, A AF Jiang, Y Lookman, T Saxena, A TI Phase separation and shape deformation of two-phase membranes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID 2-COMPONENT MEMBRANES; BIOLOGICAL-MEMBRANES; SEGREGATION LIMIT; VESICLES; TRANSITIONS; CURVATURE; DYNAMICS; FISSION; ENERGY; CELL AB Within a coupled-field Ginzburg-Landau model we study analytically phase separation and accompanying shape deformation on a two-phase elastic membrane in simple geometries such as cylinders, spheres, and tori. Using an exact periodic domain wall solution we solve for the shape and phase separating field, and estimate the degree of deformation of the membrane. The results are pertinent to preferential phase separation in regions of differing curvature on a variety of vesicles. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Western Ontario, Dept Appl Math, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. RP Jiang, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 21 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN PY 2000 VL 61 IS 1 BP R57 EP R60 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.61.R57 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 277LN UT WOS:000084935200015 ER PT B AU Shea, LE AF Shea, LE BE Ronda, CR Shea, LE Srivastava, AM TI Cathodoluminescent display phosphors SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF LUMINESCENT MATERIALS SE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Luminescent Materials of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT, 1999 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Electrochem Soc ID EFFICIENCY AB The past several years rendered a resurgence of interest in phosphors for low-voltage flat panel displays utilizing cathodoluminescence (CL). A major selection criterion for these phosphors is CL efficiency. The objective is to maximize the efficiency at low voltages. This work focuses on understanding the materials properties that influence CL efficiency below 1 kV. Existing high-voltage CL efficiency models take into account intrinsic materials properties such as band-gap energy. Experimental data reveals that the CL efficiency also depends on physical properties such as particle and crystallite size. An updated, predictive model of CL efficiency that includes the effects of crystallite size, radiative recombination probability, and electron accelerating potential was developed. The predicted efficiencies agree very well with experimental results. The experimental data were collected using a hot filament electron gun in a demountable high-vacuum chamber. To obtain measurement accuracy, secondary electrons were collected and the phosphor excited with a uniform beam profile. A CL characterization protocol for display phosphors was established at Sandia National Laboratories and made available to phosphor researchers. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Shea, LE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS-0527, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA BN 1-56677-263-X J9 ELEC SOC S PY 2000 VL 99 IS 40 BP 1 EP 8 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Electrochemistry; Optics; Physics GA BQ39M UT WOS:000088233500001 ER PT B AU Everist, SC Meisenheimer, TL Nelson, GC Smith, PM Sharangpani, R Tay, SP AF Everist, SC Meisenheimer, TL Nelson, GC Smith, PM Sharangpani, R Tay, SP BE Massoud, HZ Baumvol, IJR Hirose, M Poindexter, EH TI Characterization of oxynitride dielectric films grown in NO/O-2 mixtures by rapid thermal oxynitridation SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SIO2 AND THE SI-SIO2 INTERFACE - 4 SE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on the Physics and Chemistry of SiO2 and the Si-SiO2 Interface CY MAY 15-18, 2000 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc, Electr Div, Electrochem Soc, Dielect Sci & Technol Div ID NITRIC-OXIDE AMBIENT; GATE DIELECTRICS; THIN GATE; N2O; NITROGEN; SILICON; NITRIDATION; RELIABILITY; NO; REOXIDATION AB Ultra-thin oxynitride films were grown on Si by direct rapid thermal processing (RTP) oxynitridation in NO/O-2 ambients with NO concentrations from 5% to 50%. During oxynitridation, nitrogen accumulated at the Si/dielectric interface and the average concentration of in N through the resulting films ranged from 0.3 to 3.0 atomic percent. The average concentration of N in the films increased with increasing NO in the ambient gas, but decreased with longer RTP times. The maximum N concentration remained relatively constant for all RTP times and a given NO/O-2 ambient. Re-oxidation following oxynitridation altered the N profile and improved the electrical characteristics, with an optimal NO/O-2 mixture in the range of 10% to 25% NO. Re-oxidation by RTP improves the electrical characteristics with respect to the films that were not re-oxidized and produces only slight changes in the N distribution or maximum concentration. The electrical results also indicate that oxynitride films are superior to comparably grown oxide films. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Everist, SC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA BN 1-56677-267-2 J9 ELEC SOC S PY 2000 VL 2000 IS 2 BP 131 EP 141 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Electrochemistry; Physics GA BQ25C UT WOS:000087729000013 ER PT S AU Shan, W Walukiewicz, W Yu, KM Ager, JW Haller, EE Geisz, JF Friedman, DJ Olson, JM Kurtz, SR Xin, HP Tu, CW AF Shan, W Walukiewicz, W Yu, KM Ager, JW Haller, EE Geisz, JF Friedman, DJ Olson, JM Kurtz, SR Xin, HP Tu, CW BE Binder, RH Blood, P Osinski, M TI Effect of nitrogen on the band structure of III-N-V alloys SO PHYSICS AND SIMULATION OF OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES VIII, PTS 1 AND 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Physics and Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices VIII CY JAN 24-28, 2000 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP SPIE DE GaNAs; GaInNAs; AlGaNAs; GaNP; band structure; band anti-crossing; photomodulation spectroscopy; pressure effect ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; GAAS1-XNX ALLOYS; SOLAR-CELLS; GAP ENERGY; GAINNAS; PRESSURE; SEMICONDUCTORS; LUMINESCENCE; DEPENDENCE AB Incorporation of a few percent of nitrogen into conventional III-V compounds to form III-N-V alloys such as GaNAs and GaNP leads to a large reduction of the fundamental band gap. We show experimentally and theoretically that the effect originates from an anti-crossing interaction between the extended conduction-band states and a narrow resonant band formed by localized N states. The interaction significantly alters the electronic band structure by splitting the conduction band into two nonparabolic subbands. The downward shift of the lower conduction subband edge is responsible for the N-induced reduction of the fundamental band-gap energy. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shan, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642 NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3561-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 3944 BP 69 EP 79 DI 10.1117/12.391460 PN 1&2 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BR32Y UT WOS:000166107500007 ER PT S AU Jones, ED Allerman, AA Kurtz, SR Fritz, IJ Modine, NA Sieg, RM Bajaj, KK Tozer, SW Wei, X AF Jones, ED Allerman, AA Kurtz, SR Fritz, IJ Modine, NA Sieg, RM Bajaj, KK Tozer, SW Wei, X BE Binder, RH Blood, P Osinski, M TI Effective masses for small nitrogen concentrations in InGaAsN alloys on GaAs SO PHYSICS AND SIMULATION OF OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES VIII, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Physics and Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices VIII CY JAN 24-28, 2000 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP SPIE DE alloy fluctuations; excitons; carrier mass ID WAVELENGTH SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; BAND-GAP ENERGY; WAVE BASIS-SET; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; QUANTUM-WELL; GAINNAS; METALS AB The variation of the value of the linewidth of an excitonic transition in InGaAsN alloys (1% and 2% nitrogen) as a function of hydrostatic pressure using photoluminescence spectroscopy is studied at 4K. The excitonic linewidth increases as a function of pressure until about 100 kbar after which it tends to saturate. This pressure dependent excitonic linewidth is used to derive the pressure variation of the exciton reduced mass using a theoretical formalism based on the premise that the broadening of the excitonic transition is caused primarily by compositional fluctuations in a completely disordered alloy. The linewidth derived ambient pressure masses are compared and found to be in agreement with other mass measurements. The variation of this derived mass is compared with the results from a nearly first-principles approach in which calculations based on the local density approximation to the Kohn-Sham density functional theory are corrected using a small amount of experimental input. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Jones, ED (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM edjones@sandia.gov NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3561-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2000 VL 3944 BP 80 EP 87 DI 10.1117/12.391479 PN 1&2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BR32Y UT WOS:000166107500008 ER PT S AU Chow, WW Jones, ED Modine, NA Kurtz, SR Allerman, AA AF Chow, WW Jones, ED Modine, NA Kurtz, SR Allerman, AA BE Binder, RH Blood, P Osinski, M TI GaInNAs laser gain SO PHYSICS AND SIMULATION OF OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES VIII, PTS 1 AND 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Physics and Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices VIII CY JAN 24-28, 2000 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP SPIE ID ALLOYS AB The optical gain spectra for GaInNAs/GaAs quantum wells are computed using a microscopic laser theory. From these spectra, the peak gain and carrier radiative decay rate as functions of carrier density are determined. These dependences allow the study of the lasing threshold current density of GaInNAs/GaAs quantum well structures. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Chow, WW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3561-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 3944 BP 105 EP 109 DI 10.1117/12.391408 PN 1&2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BR32Y UT WOS:000166107500010 ER PT S AU Lin, SY Fleming, JG Sigalas, MM Biswas, R Ho, KM AF Lin, SY Fleming, JG Sigalas, MM Biswas, R Ho, KM BE Binder, RH Blood, P Osinski, M TI Current status of three-dimensional silicon photonic crystals operating at infrared wavelengths SO PHYSICS AND SIMULATION OF OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES VIII, PTS 1 AND 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Physics and Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices VIII CY JAN 24-28, 2000 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP SPIE AB In this paper, the experimental realization and promises of three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals in the infrared and optical wavelengths will be described. Emphasis will be placed on the development of new 3D photonic crystals, the micro- and nano-fabrication techniques, the construction of high-Q micro-cavities and the creation of 3D wave-guides. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lin, SY (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3561-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 3944 BP 688 EP 693 DI 10.1117/12.391476 PN 1&2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BR32Y UT WOS:000166107500069 ER PT S AU Krstic, P AF Krstic, P BE Itikawa, Y Okuno, K TanakaA, H Yagishita, A Matsuzawa, M TI Hidden crossings theory beyond single electron systems SO PHYSICS OF ELECTRONIC AND ATOMIC COLLISIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions (21st ICPEAC) CY JUL 22-27, 1999 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Soc Atom Collis Res, Phys Soc Japan, Chem Soc Japan, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Sedai City, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Matsuo Fdn, Inoue Fdn Sci, Casio Sci Promot Fdn, Iwatani Naoji Fdn, Kao Fdn Arts & Sci, Diawa Anglo Japanese Fdn, Sci Measurements Res Fdn, Asahi Glass Fdn, Ishikawa Fdn Carbon Sci & Technol ID HYDROGENIC IONS; COLLISIONS; IONIZATION; EXCITATION; HELIUM; ANTIPROTONS; SECTIONS; CAPTURE; PROTONS; IMPACT AB What are the hidden crossings, in what atomic systems do they emerge? What does one gain in styding and developing the underlying theory? Where and when the hidden crossings theory is applied? Meaning of the hidden crossings and techniques for their detection and application are discussed fur multielectron systems. Particular attention is paid to the slowly colliding H+H and H++He systems. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Krstic, P (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-777-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 500 BP 530 EP 539 PG 10 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BP70Y UT WOS:000085936100049 ER PT S AU Cohen, JS AF Cohen, JS BE Itikawa, Y Okuno, K TanakaA, H Yagishita, A Matsuzawa, M TI Antiproton capture by simple atoms and molecules SO PHYSICS OF ELECTRONIC AND ATOMIC COLLISIONS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions (21st ICPEAC) CY JUL 22-27, 1999 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Soc Atom Collis Res, Phys Soc Japan, Chem Soc Japan, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Sedai City, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Matsuo Fdn, Inoue Fdn Sci, Casio Sci Promot Fdn, Iwatani Naoji Fdn, Kao Fdn Arts & Sci, Diawa Anglo Japanese Fdn, Sci Measurements Res Fdn, Asahi Glass Fdn, Ishikawa Fdn Carbon Sci & Technol ID HYDROGEN-ATOMS; COLLISIONS; DYNAMICS; STATES; HELIUM; MUONS; H-2 AB Antiprotonic atoms form in low-energy collisions between an antiproton and a normal atom or molecule. The fermion molecular dynamics (FMD) method enables us to go beyond the atomic hydrogen target and study multielectron effects with helium and neon targets and molecular effects with hydrogen and deuterium targets. Multiple ionization and re-vibrational excitation are Found to greatly increase the maximum energy of capture, with the latter leading to a significant dependence on the projectile mass and target isotope. The kinetic energies of the ionized electrons are found to increase somewhat with the target nuclear charge. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cohen, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-777-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 500 BP 540 EP 550 PG 11 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BP70Y UT WOS:000085936100050 ER PT S AU Beiersdorfer, P Olson, RE Schweikhard, L Liebisch, P Brown, GV Lopez-Urrutia, JC Harris, CL Neill, PA Utter, SB Widmann, K AF Beiersdorfer, P Olson, RE Schweikhard, L Liebisch, P Brown, GV Lopez-Urrutia, JC Harris, CL Neill, PA Utter, SB Widmann, K BE Itikawa, Y Okuno, K TanakaA, H Yagishita, A Matsuzawa, M TI X-ray signatures of charge transfer reactions involving cold, very highly charged ions SO PHYSICS OF ELECTRONIC AND ATOMIC COLLISIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions (21st ICPEAC) CY JUL 22-27, 1999 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Soc Atom Collis Res, Phys Soc Japan, Chem Soc Japan, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Sedai City, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Matsuo Fdn, Inoue Fdn Sci, Casio Sci Promot Fdn, Iwatani Naoji Fdn, Kao Fdn Arts & Sci, Diawa Anglo Japanese Fdn, Sci Measurements Res Fdn, Asahi Glass Fdn, Ishikawa Fdn Carbon Sci & Technol ID MAGNETIC TRAPPING MODE; EXCHANGE SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRON-CAPTURE AB Charge transfer reactions involving highly charged ions up to U91+ are being studied using x-ray spectroscopic techniques. The measurements are performed using ions produced in situ in a cylindrical trap with very low kinetic energy (less than or equal to 3 eV/amu). The observed K-shell and L-shell x-ray emission show prominent features from high-n levels decaying to the ground level. Such emission can serve as a diagnostic marker for charge transfer processes in plasmas, for example in cometary comae or in ion traps. The emission is enabled by electron capture into states with low orbital angular momentum, mainly l = 1. The observed spectra, thus, provide a handle on determining the fraction of electron capture into low-l states that can be used for testing theoretical model in the limit of low collision energy. The present paper summarizes the progress made to date. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Beiersdorfer, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R./F-7069-2011 OI Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R./0000-0002-2937-8037 NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-777-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 500 BP 626 EP 635 PG 10 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BP70Y UT WOS:000085936100057 ER PT S AU Vane, CR Mikkelsen, U Krause, HF Datz, S Grafstrom, P Knudsen, H Moller, S Uggerhoj, E Scheidenberger, C Schuch, RH Vilikazi, Z AF Vane, CR Mikkelsen, U Krause, HF Datz, S Grafstrom, P Knudsen, H Moller, S Uggerhoj, E Scheidenberger, C Schuch, RH Vilikazi, Z BE Itikawa, Y Okuno, K TanakaA, H Yagishita, A Matsuzawa, M TI Electrons emitted from 33-TeV Pb ions during penetration of solids SO PHYSICS OF ELECTRONIC AND ATOMIC COLLISIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions (21st ICPEAC) CY JUL 22-27, 1999 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Soc Atom Collis Res, Phys Soc Japan, Chem Soc Japan, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Sedai City, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Matsuo Fdn, Inoue Fdn Sci, Casio Sci Promot Fdn, Iwatani Naoji Fdn, Kao Fdn Arts & Sci, Diawa Anglo Japanese Fdn, Sci Measurements Res Fdn, Asahi Glass Fdn, Ishikawa Fdn Carbon Sci & Technol ID CONTINUUM; CAPTURE AB Electrons ejected in the forward direction from fully-stripped and one-electron 33-TeV Ph ions passing through thin foils of Al and Au have been studied. Spectral peaks centered at a momentum equivalent to the velocity of the projectile have been measured, which are attributed toelectron loss to the projectile continuum(ELC). From previous theoretical studies, the ELC 'cusp' shape is expected to reflect the initial state of the electron released from the projectile. The ELC peaks are very narrow even for loss from ground-state incident ions. The observed widths arise primarily from instrumental broadening effects - especially multiple Coulomb scattering (MCS). Correction of the measured electron momentum distributions for instrumental broadening leads to very narrow ELC cusps, which have essentially the same widths for loss from incident one-electron ground-state ions and loss from hydrogenic ions populated by electron capture from pair production (ECPP), where there should be significant excited-state formation. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Vane, CR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Uggerhoj, Ulrik/A-1802-2012 OI Uggerhoj, Ulrik/0000-0002-8229-1512 NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-777-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 500 BP 709 EP 714 PG 6 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BP70Y UT WOS:000085936100066 ER PT J AU Kalman, GJ Davidson, RC AF Kalman, GJ Davidson, RC TI Miniconference on strongly coupled plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02167 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kalman, GJ (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02167 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JAN PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 5 EP 6 PG 2 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 282VH UT WOS:000085240400002 ER PT J AU Murillo, MS AF Murillo, MS TI Longitudinal collective modes of strongly coupled dusty plasmas at finite frequencies and wavevectors SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ACOUSTIC-WAVES AB Dusty plasmas offer a unique method for testing dynamical wave theories in the strong Coulomb coupling regime. Recently, there have been many theoretical models, based on either a generalized hydrodynamic or on kinetic descriptions, developed to describe dust acoustic waves under conditions of strong coupling. These theories attempt to extend the usual acoustic wave dispersion relation to the strong coupling regime and, in some cases, to finite frequencies and wave vectors beyond the hydrodynamic limit. Here a multicomponent kinetic theory is used to obtain the dust acoustic wave dispersion relation in terms of an approximate dynamic local field correction, and comparison is made with the viscoelastic Navier-Stokes description. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(00)01901-7]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Murillo, MS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JAN PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1063/1.873779 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 282VH UT WOS:000085240400005 ER PT J AU Rogers, FJ AF Rogers, FJ TI Ionization equilibrium and equation of state in strongly coupled plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID COMPRESSED LIQUID DEUTERIUM; DENSE HYDROGEN; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FLUID HYDROGEN; EXPANSION; DISSOCIATION AB Calculation of the physical properties of reacting plasmas depends on knowing the state of ionization and/or the state occupation numbers. Simple methods have often been used to estimate ionization balance in plasmas, but they are not adequate for understanding a variety of new experimental and observational measurements. Theoretical methods to determine the ionization state of partially ionized plasmas must confront the effects of density on bound states and strong ion coupling. These methods can be separated into two categories. Chemical picture methods consider the system to be composed of distinct chemical species. Consequently, it is necessary to assert the effect of the plasma environment on internal states of these species. On the other hand, physical picture methods view the plasma in terms of its fundamental constituents; i.e., electrons and nuclei, so that plasma effects on bound states are a basic component of the theory. A discussion of some work representative of both of these philosophies will be given. Some comparisons between theories and with recent helioseismic observations and shock experiments will also be given. [S1070-664X(00)02001-2]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Rogers, FJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 55 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JAN PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 51 EP 58 DI 10.1063/1.873815 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 282VH UT WOS:000085240400008 ER PT J AU Baker, GA Johnson, JD AF Baker, GA Johnson, JD TI Quantum, many-body, finite-temperature perturbation theory for an electron-ion system SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID EQUATION; STATE; PLASMA AB The expansion in powers of the electron charge, e, for a neutral system of electrons (fermions) and ions (Maxwell-Boltzmann particles) is extended to order e(4) for arbitrary values of temperature and density. The methods of calculation of the series terms will be illustrated, and some of the consequences of these results will be discussed. The ionization profile so derived, at least at high temperatures, will be contrasted with Saha theory. Some special features of hydrogen related to the possible plasma phase transition will be noted. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(00)01401-4]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Baker, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JAN PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 68 EP 72 DI 10.1063/1.873819 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 282VH UT WOS:000085240400010 ER PT J AU Stoltz, PH Cary, JR AF Stoltz, PH Cary, JR TI Nonlinear effects of a beam interacting with a single damped wave SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID OSCILLATIONS AB A self-consistent nonlinear theory of the longitudinal dynamics of a low density beam interacting with a single damped wave is developed. In this paper, the model is applied to the coasting beam-cavity system of accelerator physics, but it also applies to beam-plasma systems and traveling wave tubes. Motivating the theory are numerical simulations showing different beam behaviors in the nonlinear regime depending on the amount of wave damping. For highly damped systems, breakoff and energy loss of a self-formed bunch from the beam is observed. This bunch breakoff and energy loss is the cause of the overshoot phenomenon of accelerator physics; furthermore this overshoot does not contradict the Keil-Schnell criterion, as the beam is far from a Gaussian distribution. An expression for the amount of cavity damping necessary for bunch breakoff is derived. Finally, using a single-particle model, an expression for the rate of energy loss of the bunch in terms of the cavity damping is derived. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(00)04001-5]. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, Ctr Integrated Plasma Studies, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Stoltz, PH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JAN PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 231 EP 242 DI 10.1063/1.873795 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 282VH UT WOS:000085240400027 ER PT J AU Strauss, HR Park, W AF Strauss, HR Park, W TI Pellet driven disruptions in tokamaks SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID INJECTION AB Pellet injection can trigger ballooning like instability in tokamaks, driven by the large pressure perturbation of the pellet cloud. The instability is easier to excite when pellets are injected on the low magnetic field side of the tokamak, which is the usual case. This is because the pellet pressure perturbation tends to add to the background pressure drive. When pellets are injected on the high field side, the instability is harder to excite, because the pellet pressure perturbation opposes the background pressure drive. Nonlinearly, the instability causes fragmentation of the pellet cloud, and can give anomalous pellet penetration. This effect might explain recent experimental observations. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(00)02201-1]. C1 NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY 10012 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Strauss, HR (reprint author), NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, 251 Mercer St, New York, NY 10012 USA. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JAN PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 250 EP 257 DI 10.1063/1.873797 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 282VH UT WOS:000085240400029 ER PT J AU Myra, JR D'Ippolito, DA Russell, DA Rogers, JH Intrator, T AF Myra, JR D'Ippolito, DA Russell, DA Rogers, JH Intrator, T TI Coaxial mode excitation and dissipation in ion Bernstein wave experiments SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB In recent ion Bernstein wave (IBW) heating experiments on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [J. R. Wilson. R. E. Bell, S. Bernabei, K. Hill et al., Phys. Plasmas 5, 1721 (1998)] a velocity shear layer in the plasma core was obtained. The magnitude of velocity shear was believed to be too small to create an internal transport barrier, because of parasitic edge processes which reduced the power coupled to the core. In this paper we investigate these rf (radio frequency) edge processes by employing a model which includes both coaxial modes and their dissipation in rf plasma sheaths. The coaxial mode (here, an electron plasma wave trapped in the halo plasma between the lower hybrid layer and the vessel wall) can propagate at low poloidal wave numbers. This feature is shown to relate to the observed poloidal phasing dependence of the antenna loading. Results of analytical models and a three-dimensional antenna code are presented. The experimentally observed loading is also nonlinear, being larger at very low powers. This feature is explored using an rf sheath dissipation model. Loading into the coaxial mode is expected to maximize when the density gradient at the lower hybrid layer is steep, preventing efficient mode transformation to the IBW. The role of ponderomotive force in modifying the density profile is also discussed. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(00)03601-6]. C1 Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Myra, JR (reprint author), Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JAN PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 283 EP 294 DI 10.1063/1.873798 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 282VH UT WOS:000085240400033 ER PT J AU Cobble, JA Fernandez, JC Kurnit, NA Montgomery, DS Johnson, RP Renard-Le Galloudec, N Lopez, MR AF Cobble, JA Fernandez, JC Kurnit, NA Montgomery, DS Johnson, RP Renard-Le Galloudec, N Lopez, MR TI The spatial location of laser-driven, forward-propagating waves in a National-Ignition-Facility-relevant plasma SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; ION-ACOUSTIC-WAVES; RANDOM-PHASE PLATE; RAMAN-SCATTERING; HOT-SPOTS; HOHLRAUM PLASMAS; BEAM DEFLECTION; F-NUMBER; DEPENDENCE; INTENSITY AB Ion acoustic and electron plasma waves, associated with backward-propagating stimulated Brillouin scattering and stimulated Raman scattering, have been diagnosed in a long-scale-length, nearly homogenous plasma with transverse flow. Thomson scattered light from a probe beam is employed to show that these waves are well localized in space and for a time much shorter than the laser pulse duration. These plasma conditions are relevant to hohlraum design for the National Ignition Facility inertial confinement fusion laser system. [R. Sawicki et al., Fusion Technol. 34, 1097 (1998)]. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(00)03001-9]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Paris 06, Ecole Polytech, Lab Utilisat Lasers Intenses, CEA,CNRS,Unite Mixte 7605, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Cobble, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Fernandez, Juan/H-3268-2011; OI Fernandez, Juan/0000-0002-1438-1815; Montgomery, David/0000-0002-2355-6242 NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JAN PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 323 EP 332 DI 10.1063/1.873800 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 282VH UT WOS:000085240400036 ER PT J AU Turner, RE Amendt, P Landen, OL Glendinning, SG Bell, P Decker, C Hammel, BA Kalantar, D Lee, D Wallace, R Bradley, D Cable, M Craxton, RS Kremens, R Seka, W Schnittman, J Thorp, K Murphy, TJ Delamater, N Barnes, CW Hauer, A Magelssen, G Wallace, J AF Turner, RE Amendt, P Landen, OL Glendinning, SG Bell, P Decker, C Hammel, BA Kalantar, D Lee, D Wallace, R Bradley, D Cable, M Craxton, RS Kremens, R Seka, W Schnittman, J Thorp, K Murphy, TJ Delamater, N Barnes, CW Hauer, A Magelssen, G Wallace, J TI Demonstration of time-dependent symmetry control in hohlraums by drive-beam staggering SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID LASER SYSTEM; OMEGA-LASER; NOVA; ASYMMETRY; FUSION AB Indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion makes use of cavities constructed of high atomic number materials to convert laser power into x-rays for ablatively driving an implosion capsule. Obtaining spatially uniform drive on the capsule requires a careful balancing between the laser absorption region (high drive) and the laser entrance holes (low drive). This balancing is made difficult because of plasma expansion, and the associated movement of the laser absorption region with time. This paper reports the first experimental demonstration of compensation for this motion by using different laser beams at different times, in agreement with modeling. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(00)02501-5]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Turner, RE (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Schnittman, Jeremy/D-3168-2012; Murphy, Thomas/F-3101-2014 OI Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-6137-9873 NR 18 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JAN PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 333 EP 337 DI 10.1063/1.873801 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 282VH UT WOS:000085240400037 ER PT J AU Knauer, JP Betti, R Bradley, DK Boehly, TR Collins, TJB Goncharov, VN McKenty, PW Meyerhofer, DD Smalyuk, VA Verdon, CP Glendinning, SG Kalantar, DH Watt, RG AF Knauer, JP Betti, R Bradley, DK Boehly, TR Collins, TJB Goncharov, VN McKenty, PW Meyerhofer, DD Smalyuk, VA Verdon, CP Glendinning, SG Kalantar, DH Watt, RG TI Single-mode, Rayleigh-Taylor growth-rate measurements on the OMEGA laser system SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; CONSISTENT STABILITY ANALYSIS; INDUCED SPATIAL INCOHERENCE; ABLATION FRONTS; PLANAR TARGETS; FROUDE NUMBERS; INSTABILITY; DRIVEN; STABILIZATION; DISPERSION AB The results from a series of single-mode, Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability growth experiments performed on the OMEGA laser system [T. R. Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] using planar targets are reported. Planar targets with imposed mass perturbations were accelerated using five or six 351 nm laser beams overlapped with total intensities up to 2.5 X 10(14) W/cm(2). Experiments were performed with both 3 ns ramp and 3 ns flat-topped temporal pulse shapes. The use of distributed phase plates and smoothing by spectral dispersion resulted in a laser-irradiation nonuniformity of 4%-7% over a 600 mu m diam region defined by the 90% intensity contour. The temporal growth of the modulation in optical depth was measured using throughfoil radiography and was detected with an x-ray framing camera for CH targets. Two-dimensional (2-D) hydrodynamic simulations (ORCHID) [R. L. McCrory and C. P. Verdon, in Inertial Confinement Fusion (Editrice Compositori, Bologna, 1989), pp. 83-124] of the growth of 20, 31, and 60 mu m wavelength perturbations were in good agreement with the experimental data when the experimental details, including noise, were included. The amplitude of the simulation optical depth is in good agreement with the experimental optical depth; therefore, great care must be taken when the growth rates are compared to dispersion formulas. Since the foil's initial condition just before it is accelerated is not that of a uniformly compressed foil, the optical density measurement does not accurately reflect the amplitude of the ablation surface but is affected by the initial nonuniform density profile. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(00)02801-9]. C1 Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Knauer, JP (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RI Goncharov, Valeri/H-4471-2011 NR 33 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JAN PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 338 EP 345 DI 10.1063/1.873802 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 282VH UT WOS:000085240400038 ER PT J AU Ottinger, PF Young, FC Stephanakis, SJ Rose, DV Neri, JM Weber, BV Myers, MC Hinshelwood, DD Mosher, D Olson, CL Welch, DR AF Ottinger, PF Young, FC Stephanakis, SJ Rose, DV Neri, JM Weber, BV Myers, MC Hinshelwood, DD Mosher, D Olson, CL Welch, DR TI Self-pinched transport of an intense proton beam SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-ION BEAMS; LOW-PRESSURE GASES; FOCUSED REGIME; FUSION; PROPAGATION; SIMULATION; CHANNELS AB Ion beam self-pinched transport (SPT) experiments have been carried out using a 1.1-MeV, 100-kA proton beam. A Rutherford scattering diagnostic and a LiF nuclear activation diagnostic measured the number of protons within a 5 cm radius at 50 cm into the transport region that was filled with low-pressure helium. Time-integrated signals from both diagnostics indicate self-pinching of the ion beam in a helium pressure window between 35 and 80 mTorr. Signals from these two diagnostics are consistent with ballistic transport at pressures above and below this SPT pressure window. Interferometric measurements of electron densities during beam injection into vacuum are consistent with ballistic transport with co-moving electrons. Interferometric measurements for beam injection into helium show that the electron density increases quadratically with pressure through the SPT window and roughly linearly with pressure above the SPT window. The ionization fraction of the helium plateaus at about 1.5% for pressures above 80 mTorr. In the SPT window, the electron density is 3 to 20 times the beam density. Numerical simulations of these beam transport experiments produce results that are in qualitative agreement with the experimental measurements. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(00)03101-3]. C1 USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. JAYCOR, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. RP Ottinger, PF (reprint author), USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JAN PY 2000 VL 7 IS 1 BP 346 EP 358 DI 10.1063/1.873803 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 282VH UT WOS:000085240400039 ER PT J AU Smirnov, BI Orlova, TS Sengupta, S Goretta, KC AF Smirnov, BI Orlova, TS Sengupta, S Goretta, KC TI I-V characteristics and the electric-field effect in melt-grown YBa2Cu3Ox/Y2BaCuO5 HTSC crystals SO PHYSICS OF THE SOLID STATE LA English DT Article ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA FILMS; DOMAIN AB The effect of an electric field E = 120 MV/m in the electrode-insulator-superconductor system on I-V curves obtained at 77 K on two types of single-crystal samples cut from monolithic superconducting YBa2Cu3Ox/Y2BaCuO5 has been studied. The Y211 nonsuperconducting phase in the ingot was in the form of precipitates approximate to 1 mu m in size. It has been found that an electric field applied to samples with a comparatively low Y211 content (volume fraction 8%) does not affect the critical current I-c while reducing the resistance R at currents slightly above I-c. In samples containing more than 35% Y211 phase, electric field results in an increase of I-c and a decrease of R for I > I-c. Data on the critical temperature T-c and the temperature dependence of I-c have also been obtained. (C) 2000 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica". C1 Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Superconduct Components Inc, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Smirnov, BI (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, Politekhnicheskaya Ul 26, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. RI Orlova, Tatiana/E-5877-2014 NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1063-7834 J9 PHYS SOLID STATE+ JI Phys. Solid State PY 2000 VL 42 IS 7 BP 1207 EP 1210 DI 10.1134/1.1131363 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 329PJ UT WOS:000087915500006 ER PT S AU Quigg, C AF Quigg, C BE Cline, DB TI The state of the standard model SO PHYSICS POTENTIAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF MUON COLLIDERS AND NEUTRINO FACTORIES SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics Potential and Development of Muon Colliders and Neutrino Factories CY DEC 15-17, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP US DOE ID ELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY-BREAKING; SCALE QUANTUM-GRAVITY; HIGGS-BOSON MASS; EXTRA DIMENSIONS; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; PARTICLE PHYSICS; ATOMIC CESIUM; TEV; MILLIMETER; BOUNDS AB I quickly review the successes of quantum chromodynamics. Then I assess the current state of the electroweak theory, making brief comments about the search for the Higgs boson and some of the open issues for the theory. I sketch the problems of mass and mass scales, and point to a speculative link between the question of identity and large extra dimensions. To conclude, I return to QCD and the possibility that its phase structure might inform our understanding of electroweak symmetry breaking. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Quigg, C (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-970-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 542 BP 3 EP 28 PG 26 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR46D UT WOS:000166473800001 ER PT S AU Marciano, WJ AF Marciano, WJ BE Cline, DB TI Precision electroweak parameters and the Higgs mass SO PHYSICS POTENTIAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF MUON COLLIDERS AND NEUTRINO FACTORIES SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics Potential and Development of Muon Colliders and Neutrino Factories CY DEC 15-17, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP US DOE ID MODEL; SIN(2)(THETA)OVER-CAP(W)(M(Z)); PHYSICS; MW; MZ AB The status of various precisely measured electroweak parameters is reviewed. Natural relations among them are shown to constrain the Higgs mass, m(H), via quantum loop effects to relatively low values. A comparison with direct Higgs searches is made. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Marciano, WJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-970-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 542 BP 48 EP 59 PG 12 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR46D UT WOS:000166473800004 ER PT S AU Rizzo, TG AF Rizzo, TG BE Cline, DB TI Z ' bosons and Kaluza-Klein excitations at muon colliders SO PHYSICS POTENTIAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF MUON COLLIDERS AND NEUTRINO FACTORIES SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics Potential and Development of Muon Colliders and Neutrino Factories CY DEC 15-17, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP US DOE ID EXTRA DIMENSIONS; BREAKING AB After an extremely brief overview of the discovery reach for Z' bosons, we will discuss the physics of Kaluza-Klein(KK) excitations of the Standard Model gauge bosons that can be explored by a high energy muon collider in the era after the LHC and TeV Linear Collider. We demonstrate that the muon collider is a necessary ingredient in the unraveling the properties of such KK states and, perhaps, proving their existence. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Theory Grp, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Rizzo, TG (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Theory Grp, POB 4349,MS 81, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-970-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 542 BP 152 EP 159 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR46D UT WOS:000166473800016 ER PT S AU Holtkamp, N AF Holtkamp, N BE Cline, DB TI Feasibility study of neutrino source based on muon storage ring SO PHYSICS POTENTIAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF MUON COLLIDERS AND NEUTRINO FACTORIES SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics Potential and Development of Muon Colliders and Neutrino Factories CY DEC 15-17, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP US DOE AB One of the first applications of an intense muon source could be a muon storage ring. The muon beam is injected into the ring and decays while circulating. The neutrinos from the decay muons form a very intense and well collimated beam (v(e), v(mu)) that could be used for future neutrino experiments. The idea for such a neutrino source has been described many times [1], but only recently with the progress on ionization cooling concepts being made within the muon collider/neutrino source collaboration, such a source seems feasible, With a new proton driver and a target that can withstand the intense radiation and the power density from the impinging proton beam. the source will produce enough muons through pion decay to achieve approximately 2 x 10(20) muons decaying into neutrinos in one of the straight sections of the storage. In order to achieve this goal very efficient and large aperture focusing and rf accelerating systems have to be developed. The biggest advantage though comes from the fact, that the transverse emittance for a neutrino source has to be reduced by only a factor of approximately ten in both transverse dimensions. The longitudinal emittance coming from the source is of no importance, which makes longitudinal cooling unnecessary. Following the goal of 2 x 10(20) muons/year decaying in one straight section an attempt has been made to investigate the technical feasibility of such a facility as a whole. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Beams Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Holtkamp, N (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Beams Div, POB 500,MS 220, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-970-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 542 BP 191 EP 198 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR46D UT WOS:000166473800020 ER PT S AU Neuffer, D AF Neuffer, D BE Cline, DB TI From a nu-factory to mu(+)-mu(-) colliders SO PHYSICS POTENTIAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF MUON COLLIDERS AND NEUTRINO FACTORIES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics Potential and Development of Muon Colliders and Neutrino Factories CY DEC 15-17, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP US DOE ID NEUTRINO AB An important feature of a mu -storage ring v-source is that it can be extended to the possibility of a future high-energy muon collider. The neutrino source provides a useful physics device that initiates key technologies required for future mu (+)-mu (-) colliders but with much less demanding parameter requirements. These technologies include high-intensity mu -production, eta -capture, mu -cooling, mu -acceleration and multi-turn mu storage rings. mu (+)-mu (-) colliders require a similar number of muons, but they require that the muons be cooled to a much smaller phase space and formed into a small number of bunches, and both positive and negative bunches must be simultaneously captured. These differences are discussed, and the extension of the v-source to mu (+)-mu (-) collider specifications is described. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM neuffer@fnal.gov NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-970-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 542 BP 199 EP 214 PG 16 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR46D UT WOS:000166473800021 ER PT S AU Parsa, Z AF Parsa, Z BE Cline, DB TI Intense muon beams and neutrino factories SO PHYSICS POTENTIAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF MUON COLLIDERS AND NEUTRINO FACTORIES SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics Potential and Development of Muon Colliders and Neutrino Factories CY DEC 15-17, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP US DOE ID PHYSICS; COLLIDER AB High intensity muon sources are needed in exploring neutrino factories, lepton flavor violating muon processes, and lower energy experiments as the stepping phase towards building higher energy mu (+)mu (-) colliders. We present a brief overview, sketch of a neutrino source, and an example of a muon storage ring at BNL with detector(s) at Fermilab, Sudan, etc. Physics with low energy neutrino beams based on muon storage rings (mu SR) and conventional Horn Facilities are described and compared. CP violation Asymetries and a new Statistical Figure of Merit to be used for comparison is given. Improvements in the sensitivity of low energy experiments to study Flavor changing neutral currents are also included. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Phys Dept 510 A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Parsa, Z (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Phys Dept 510 A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-970-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 542 BP 236 EP 247 PG 12 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR46D UT WOS:000166473800025 ER PT S AU Berg, JS Garren, AA Johnstone, C AF Berg, JS Garren, AA Johnstone, C BE Cline, DB TI Recirculating acceleration SO PHYSICS POTENTIAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF MUON COLLIDERS AND NEUTRINO FACTORIES SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics Potential and Development of Muon Colliders and Neutrino Factories CY DEC 15-17, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP US DOE AB This paper compares various types of recirculating accelerators, outlining the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches. The accelerators are characterized according to the types of arcs they use: whether there is a single are for the entire recirculator or there are multiple arcs, and whether the arc(s) are isochronous or non-isochronous. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Berg, JS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 901A,POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Berg, Joseph/E-8371-2014 OI Berg, Joseph/0000-0002-5955-6973 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-970-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 542 BP 248 EP 252 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR46D UT WOS:000166473800026 ER PT S AU Harris, DA AF Harris, DA BE Cline, DB TI Detector construction considerations from the Lyon meeting SO PHYSICS POTENTIAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF MUON COLLIDERS AND NEUTRINO FACTORIES SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Physics Potential and Development of Muon Colliders and Neutrino Factories CY DEC 15-17, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP US DOE AB This report is an overview of the discussions and talks that occurred during the detectors and beams working group of the NuFact99 workshop in Lyon, France, combined with a few topics that have been better understood since then. A wish list of muon beam parameters is given, as well as a survey of currently studied oscillation detector technologies. Finally, a short description of the nonoscillation physics that would be accessible is included to show the diversity of neutrino physics a muon storage ring could address. Workshop talk slides can be found in http://muonstoragerings.cern.ch/Welcome.html/. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Beams Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Harris, DA (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Beams Div, POB 500,MS 220, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-970-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 542 BP 258 EP 264 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR46D UT WOS:000166473800028 ER PT J AU Aharony, O Gubser, SS Maldacena, J Ooguri, H Oz, Y AF Aharony, O Gubser, SS Maldacena, J Ooguri, H Oz, Y TI Large N field theories, string theory and gravity SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review DE gauge theories; supersymmetry; supergravity; string theory ID YANG-MILLS THEORY; ANTI-DE-SITTER; SUPERSYMMETRIC GAUGE-THEORY; 5-DIMENSIONAL BLACK-HOLES; ADS(5) X S-5; CONFORMALLY INVARIANT THEORIES; MAXWELL-EINSTEIN SUPERGRAVITY; 2+1 DIMENSIONAL GRAVITY; BORN-INFELD ACTION; PROBING F-THEORY AB We review the holographic correspondence between field theories and string/M theory, focusing on the relation between compactifications of string/M theory on Anti-de Sitter spaces and conformal held theories. We review the background for this correspondence and discuss its motivations and the evidence for its correctness. We describe the main results that have been derived from the correspondence in the regime that the held theory is approximated by classical or semiclassical gravity. We focus on the case of the N = 4 supersymmetric gauge theory in four dimensions, but we discuss also field theories in other dimensions, conformal and non-conformal, with or without supersymmetry, and in particular the relation to QCD. We also discuss some implications for black hole physics. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Harvard Univ, Lyman Lab Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. EM oferah@physics.rutgers.edu; ssgubser@bohr.harvard.edu; malda@pauli.harvard.edu; hooguri@lbl.gov; yaron.oz@cern.ch RI Ooguri, Hirosi/A-4407-2011 NR 746 TC 2919 Z9 2923 U1 19 U2 138 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 EI 1873-6270 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 323 IS 3-4 BP 183 EP 386 DI 10.1016/S0370-1573(99)00083-6 PG 204 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 267VA UT WOS:000084378900001 ER PT J AU Miller, RM Kling, M AF Miller, RM Kling, M TI The importance of integration and scale in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Methods for Study of the Hyphae of AMH CY JUL 01-04, 1998 CL SWEDISH UNIV AGR, DEPT MICROBIOL, UPPSALA, SWEDEN SP ICOM2, COST HO SWEDISH UNIV AGR, DEPT MICROBIOL DE arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; carbon cycling; integration; mycorrhizae; scale ID TRIFOLIUM-SUBTERRANEUM L; FUNGUS GLOMUS-INTRARADICES; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA ROOTS; NUTRIENT-USE EFFICIENCY; ALLIUM-PORRUM L; EXTERNAL HYPHAE; PHOSPHORUS-NUTRITION; PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER; PHOTON IRRADIANCE; PLANT-GROWTH AB The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus contributes to system processes and functions at various hierarchical organizational levels, through their establishment of linkages and feedbacks between whole-plants and nutrient cycles. Even though these fungal mediated feedbacks and linkages involve lower-organizational level processes (e.g. photo-assimilate partitioning, interfacial assimilate uptake and transport mechanisms, intraradical versus extraradical fungal growth), they influence higher-organizational scales that affect community and ecosystem behavior (e.g. whole-plant photosynthesis, biodiversity, nutrient and carbon cycling, soil structure). Hence, incorporating AM fungi into research directed at understanding many of the diverse environmental issues confronting society will require knowledge of how these fungi respond to or initiate changes in vegetation dynamics, soil fertility or both. Within the last few years, the rapid advancement in the development of analytical tools has increased the resolution by which we are able to quantify the mycorrhizal symbiosis. It is important that these tools are applied within a conceptual framework that is temporally and spatially relevant to fungus and host. Unfortunately, many of the studies being conducted on the mycorrhizal symbiosis at lower organizational scales are concerned with questions directed solely at understanding fungus or host without awareness of what the plant physiologist or ecologist needs for integrating the mycorrhizal association into larger organizational scales or process levels. We show by using the flow of C from plant-to-fungus-to-soil, that through thoughtful integration, we have the ability to bridge different organizational scales. Thus, an essential need of mycorrhizal research is not only to better integrate the various disciplines of mycorrhizal research, but also to identify those relevant links and scales needing further investigation for understanding the larger-organizational level responses. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Microbiol, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Miller, RM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rmiller@anl.gov NR 129 TC 24 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 20 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PY 2000 VL 226 IS 2 BP 295 EP 309 DI 10.1023/A:1026554608366 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 381XE UT WOS:000165788700018 ER PT J AU Norby, RJ Long, TM Hartz-Rubin, JS O'Neill, EG AF Norby, RJ Long, TM Hartz-Rubin, JS O'Neill, EG TI Nitrogen resorption in senescing tree leaves in a warmer, CO2-enriched atmosephere SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE atmospheric carbon dioxide; climate change; litter quality; resorption; retranslocation; senescence ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; GLOBAL CHANGE; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; NUTRIENT RESORPTION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; RESPONSES; FOREST; TEMPERATURE; ENRICHMENT; EVERGREEN AB The prediction that litter quality, and hence litter decomposition rates, would be reduced when plants are grown in a CO2-enriched atmosphere has been based on the observation that foliar N concentrations usually are lower in elevated [CO2]. The implicit assumption is that the N concentration in leaf litter reflects the N concentration in green leaves. Here we evaluate that assumption by exploring whether the process of seasonal nutrient resorption is different in CO2-enriched plants. Nitrogen resorption was studied in two species of maple trees (Acer rubrum L. and A. saccharum Marsh.), which were planted in unfertilized soil and grown in open-top chambers with ambient or elevated [CO2] in combination with ambient or elevated temperature. In the second growing season, prior to autumn senescence, individual leaves were collected and analyzed for N and dry matter content. Other leaves at the same and an adjacent node were collected for analysis as they senesced and abscised. This data set was augmented with litter samples from the first growing season and with green leaves and leaf litter collected from white oak (Quercus alba L.) saplings grown in ambient and elevated [CO2] in open-top chambers. In chambers maintained at ambient temperature, CO2 enrichment reduced green leaf N concentrations by 25% in A. rubrum and 19% in A. saccharum. CO2 enrichment did not significantly reduce resorption efficiency so the N concentration also was reduced in litter. There were, however, few effects of [CO2] on N dynamics in these leaves; differences in N concentration usually were the result of increased dry matter content of leaves. The effects of elevated [CO2] on litter N are inherently more difficult to detect than differences in green leaves because factors that affect senescence and resorption increase variability. This is especially so when other environmental factors cause a disruption in the normal progress of resorption, such as in the first year when warming delayed senescence until leaves were killed by an early frost. The results of this experiment support the approach used in ecosystem models in which resorption efficiency is constant in ambient and elevated [CO2], but the results also indicate that other factors can alter resorption efficiency. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. St Olaf Coll, Northfield, MN 55057 USA. RP Norby, RJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012 OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828 NR 37 TC 90 Z9 101 U1 1 U2 46 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PY 2000 VL 224 IS 1 BP 15 EP 29 DI 10.1023/A:1004629231766 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 351CG UT WOS:000089138000002 ER PT J AU Jastrow, JD Miller, RM Owensby, CE AF Jastrow, JD Miller, RM Owensby, CE TI Long-term effects of elevated atmospheric CO(2) on below-ground biomass and transformations to soil organic matter in grassland SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE carbon; CO(2) enrichment; nitrogen; particulate organic matter; roots; tallgrass prairie ID TALLGRASS PRAIRIE ECOSYSTEM; TRANSIENT MAXIMA HYPOTHESIS; CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; PLANT-RESPONSE; NITROGEN; DECOMPOSITION; DYNAMICS; ROOTS; AVAILABILITY; STIMULATION AB We determined the effects of elevated [CO(2)] on the quantity and quality of below-ground biomass and several soil organic matter pools at the conclusion of an eight-year CO(2) enrichment experiment on native tallgrass prairie. Plots in open-top chambers were exposed continuously to ambient and twice-ambient [CO(2)] from early April through late October of each year. Soil was sampled to a depth of 30 cm beneath and next to the crowns of C4 grasses in these plots and in unchambered plots. Elevated [CO(2)] increased the standing crops of rhizomes (87%), coarse roots (46%), and fibrous roots (40%) but had no effect on root litter (mostly fine root fragments and sloughed cortex material > 500 mu m). Soil C and N stocks also increased under elevated [CO(2)], with accumulations in the silt/clay fraction over twice that of particulate organic matter (POM; > 53 mu m). The mostly root-like, light POM (density less than or equal to 1.8 Mg m(-3)) appeared to turn over more rapidly, while the more amorphous and rendered heavy POM (density > 1.8 Mg m(-3)) accumulated under elevated [CO(2)]. Overall, rhizome and root C:N ratios were not greatly affected by CO(2) enrichment. However, elevated [CO(2)] increased the C:N ratios of root litter and POM in the surface 5 cm and induced a small but significant increase in the C:N ratio of the silt/clay fraction to a depth of 15 cm. Our data suggest that 8 years of CO(2) enrichment may have affected elements of the N cycle (including mineralization, immobilization, and asymbiotic fixation) but that any changes in N dynamics were insufficient to prevent significant plant growth responses. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Jastrow, JD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jdjastrow@anl.gov NR 35 TC 43 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PY 2000 VL 224 IS 1 BP 85 EP 97 DI 10.1023/A:1004771805022 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 351CG UT WOS:000089138000008 ER PT J AU Melis, A Zhang, LP Forestier, M Ghirardi, ML Seibert, M AF Melis, A Zhang, LP Forestier, M Ghirardi, ML Seibert, M TI Sustained photobiological hydrogen gas production upon reversible inactivation of oxygen evolution in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FERMENTATIVE METABOLISM; PHOTOSYSTEM STOICHIOMETRY; CLOSTRIDIUM-PASTEURIANUM; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; DEPRIVATION; TRANSPORT; STARCH AB The work describes a novel approach for sustained photobiological production of H-2 gas via the reversible hydrogenase pathway in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. This single-organism, two-stage H-2 production method circumvents the severe O-2 sensitivity of the reversible hydrogenase by temporally separating photosynthetic O-2 evolution and carbon accumulation(stage 1) from the consumption of cellular metabolites and concomitant H-2 production (stage 2). A transition from stage 1 to stage 2 was effected upon S deprivation of the culture, which reversibly inactivated photosystem II (PSII) and O-2 evolution. Under these conditions, oxidative respiration by the cells in the light depleted O-2 and caused anaerobiosis in the culture, which was necessary and sufficient for the induction of the reversible hydrogenase. Subsequently, sustained cellular H-2 gas production was observed in the light but not in the dark. The mechanism of H-2 production entailed protein consumption and electron transport from endogenous substrate to the cytochrome b(6)-f and PSI complexes in the chloroplast thylakoids. Light absorption by PSI was required for H-2 evolution, suggesting that photoreduction of ferredoxin is followed by electron donation to the reversible hydrogenase. The latter catalyzes the reduction of protons to molecular H-2 in the chloroplast stroma. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Basic Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Melis, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, 111 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Ducey, Thomas/A-6493-2011 NR 46 TC 534 Z9 568 U1 11 U2 133 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 122 IS 1 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.1104/pp.122.1.127 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 275VF UT WOS:000084840300015 PM 10631256 ER PT S AU Hecker, SS AF Hecker, SS BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Fundamentally, why is plutonium such an unusual metal? SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hecker, SS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 6 EP 7 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800003 ER PT S AU Mitchell, JN Gibbs, FE Zocco, TG Pereyra, RA AF Mitchell, JN Gibbs, FE Zocco, TG Pereyra, RA BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Modeling of delta-phase stabilization and compositional homogenization in Pu-l wt. % Ga alloys SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mitchell, JN (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 13 EP 14 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800005 ER PT S AU Weber, WJ Hess, NJ Williford, RE Heinisch, HL Begg, BD Conradson, SD Ewing, RC AF Weber, WJ Hess, NJ Williford, RE Heinisch, HL Begg, BD Conradson, SD Ewing, RC BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Plutonium stabilization in zircon: Effects of self-radiation SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Weber, WJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 18 EP 19 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800007 ER PT S AU Lawson, AC Martinez, B Roberts, JA Von Dreele, RB Richardson, JW Mehta, A Arthur, J AF Lawson, AC Martinez, B Roberts, JA Von Dreele, RB Richardson, JW Mehta, A Arthur, J BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Phase transitions in plutonium: New insights from diffraction SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Lawson, AC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 32 EP 32 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800012 ER PT S AU Arko, AJ Joyce, JJ Morales, L Wills, J Lashley, J AF Arko, AJ Joyce, JJ Morales, L Wills, J Lashley, J BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Electronic structure of alpha- and delta-Pu from PES measurements SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Arko, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 38 EP 39 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800016 ER PT S AU Migliori, A Baiardo, JP Darling, TW Freibert, F Martinez, B Roder, H Dimitrov, DA AF Migliori, A Baiardo, JP Darling, TW Freibert, F Martinez, B Roder, H Dimitrov, DA BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Resonant ultrasound studies of Pu SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Migliori, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 40 EP 42 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800017 ER PT S AU Hakem, NL Brachmann, A Zavarin, M Kersting, AB AF Hakem, NL Brachmann, A Zavarin, M Kersting, AB BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Sorption of plutonium onto clinoptilolite (zeolite) colloids SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hakem, NL (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 47 EP 48 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800019 ER PT S AU Neu, MP Ruggiero, CE Johnson, MT Fairlee, JR Matonic, JH Vanderberg, LA Hersman, LE He, L Cox, MM Chitwood, DJ Gladden, PD AF Neu, MP Ruggiero, CE Johnson, MT Fairlee, JR Matonic, JH Vanderberg, LA Hersman, LE He, L Cox, MM Chitwood, DJ Gladden, PD BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Actinide (Pu, U) interactions with aerobic soil microbes and their exudates: Fundamental chemistry and effects on environmental behavior SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Neu, MP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 49 EP 50 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800020 ER PT S AU Gillow, JB Francis, AJ Lucero, DA Papenguth, HW AF Gillow, JB Francis, AJ Lucero, DA Papenguth, HW BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI The interaction of plutonium with bacteria in the repository environment SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gillow, JB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 51 EP 52 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800021 ER PT S AU Wilmarth, WR Rosencrance, SW Nash, CA Fonduer, FF DiPrete, DP DiPrete, CC AF Wilmarth, WR Rosencrance, SW Nash, CA Fonduer, FF DiPrete, DP DiPrete, CC BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Transuranium removal from Hanford high level waste simulants using sodium permanganate and calcium SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Wilmarth, WR (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 53 EP 55 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800022 ER PT S AU Gibson, JK Haire, RG Duckworth, DC AF Gibson, JK Haire, RG Duckworth, DC BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Gas-phase plutonium oxide cluster ions and initial actinide ion trapping experiments SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gibson, JK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Duckworth, Douglas/B-7171-2015 OI Duckworth, Douglas/0000-0002-8161-5685 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 65 EP 66 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800026 ER PT S AU Shuh, DK AF Shuh, DK BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Actinide science with soft x-ray synchrotron radiation SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shuh, DK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 67 EP 68 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800027 ER PT S AU Jarvinen, GD McCleskey, TM Bluhm, EA Abney, KD Ehler, DS Bauer, E Le, QT Young, JS Ford, DK Pesiri, DR Dye, RC Robison, TW Jorgensen, BS Redondo, A Pratt, LR Rempe, SL AF Jarvinen, GD McCleskey, TM Bluhm, EA Abney, KD Ehler, DS Bauer, E Le, QT Young, JS Ford, DK Pesiri, DR Dye, RC Robison, TW Jorgensen, BS Redondo, A Pratt, LR Rempe, SL BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Robust membrane systems for actinide separations SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jarvinen, GD (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Rempe, Susan/H-1979-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 71 EP 72 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800030 ER PT S AU Benedict, RW Johnson, SG Keiser, DD O'Holleran, TP Goff, KM McDeavitt, S Ebert, W AF Benedict, RW Johnson, SG Keiser, DD O'Holleran, TP Goff, KM McDeavitt, S Ebert, W BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Waste forms from the electrometallurgical treatment of DOE spent fuel: Production and general characteristics SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID CRYSTALLINE C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. RP Benedict, RW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 86 EP 88 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800036 ER PT S AU Richmann, MK Kropf, AJ Reed, DT Aase, SB Hash, MC Putty, L Lexa, D AF Richmann, MK Kropf, AJ Reed, DT Aase, SB Hash, MC Putty, L Lexa, D BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Plutonium and uranium disposition in a sodalite/glass composite waste form via XAFS SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Richmann, MK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Kropf, Arthur/B-8665-2015 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 89 EP 90 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800037 ER PT S AU Gibbs, FE Olson, DL Hutchinson, W AF Gibbs, FE Olson, DL Hutchinson, W BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Identification of a physical metallurgy surrogate for the plutonium - 1 wt. % gallium alloy SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; TRANSITION-METALS; ACTINIDES C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gibbs, FE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 98 EP 101 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800040 ER PT S AU Spearing, DR Veirs, DK Prenger, FC AF Spearing, DR Veirs, DK Prenger, FC BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Anisotropic expansion of Pu through the alpha-beta-gamma phase transitions while under radial compressive stress SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Spearing, DR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 104 EP 106 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800042 ER PT S AU Veirs, DK Morris, JS Spearing, DR AF Veirs, DK Morris, JS Spearing, DR BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Contribution of water vapor pressure to pressurization of plutonium dioxide storage containers SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Veirs, DK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 107 EP 108 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800043 ER PT S AU Worl, L Berg, J Ford, D Martinez, M McFarlan, J Morris, J Padilla, D Rau, K Smith, C Veirs, K Hill, D Prenger, C AF Worl, L Berg, J Ford, D Martinez, M McFarlan, J Morris, J Padilla, D Rau, K Smith, C Veirs, K Hill, D Prenger, C BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Surveillance of sealed containers with plutonium oxide materials (ms163) SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Worl, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 109 EP 111 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800044 ER PT S AU Morales, L AF Morales, L BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI PuO2 surface catalyzed reactions: Recombination of H-2 and O-2 and the effects of adsorbed water on surface reactivity SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Morales, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 112 EP 113 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800045 ER PT S AU Morales, L Allen, T Haschke, J AF Morales, L Allen, T Haschke, J BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Kinetics of the reaction between plutonium dioxide and water from 25 degrees C to 350 degrees C: Formation and properties of the phase PuO2+x SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Morales, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 114 EP 116 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800046 ER PT S AU Lyman, JL Eller, PG AF Lyman, JL Eller, PG BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI A conceptual and calculational model for gas formation from impure calcined plutonium oxides SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lyman, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 117 EP 119 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800047 ER PT S AU Wood, WT Christensen, LT AF Wood, WT Christensen, LT BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Status of the Pit Disassembly and Conversion Facility SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wood, WT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 120 EP 120 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800048 ER PT S AU Lloyd, JA Wedman, DE AF Lloyd, JA Wedman, DE BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Plutonium packaging and long-term storage SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lloyd, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 121 EP 121 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800049 ER PT S AU Morales, L Lawson, A Kennison, J AF Morales, L Lawson, A Kennison, J BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Analysis of strain anisotropy in delta stabilized Pu-Ga alloys SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID MODEL C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Morales, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 125 EP 126 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800051 ER PT S AU Lupinetti, AJ Fife, J Garcia, E Abney, KD AF Lupinetti, AJ Fife, J Garcia, E Abney, KD BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Preparation of actinide boride materials via solid-state metathesis reactions and actinide dicarbollide precursors SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID POLYMER PYROLYSIS; METAL BORIDES; CERAMICS C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lupinetti, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 127 EP 129 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800052 ER PT S AU Brady, JT Warner, BP Bridgewater, JS Havrilla, GJ Morris, DE Buscher, CT AF Brady, JT Warner, BP Bridgewater, JS Havrilla, GJ Morris, DE Buscher, CT BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI A combinatorial chemistry approach to the investigation of cerium oxide and plutonium oxide reactions with small molecules SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Brady, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Morris, David/A-8577-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 141 EP 141 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800057 ER PT S AU Worl, LA Buelow, SJ Harradine, DM Hill, D McInroy, R Padilla, D AF Worl, LA Buelow, SJ Harradine, DM Hill, D McInroy, R Padilla, D BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Destruction of halogenated organics with hydrothermal processing SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Worl, LA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 145 EP 147 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800058 ER PT S AU Beitz, JV Williams, CW AF Beitz, JV Williams, CW BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI A single material approach to nuclear waste disposal SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Beitz, JV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 151 EP 152 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800060 ER PT S AU Sinkler, W O'Holleran, TP Moschetti, TL AF Sinkler, W O'Holleran, TP Moschetti, TL BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Electron microscopy study of a radioactive glass-bonded sodalite ceramic waste form SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. RP Sinkler, W (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, POB 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 166 EP 167 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800067 ER PT S AU Hawkins, HT Spearing, DR Smith, DM Hampel, FG Veirs, DK Scheetz, BE AF Hawkins, HT Spearing, DR Smith, DM Hampel, FG Veirs, DK Scheetz, BE BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Site preferences of actinide cations in [NZP] compounds SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID THERMAL-EXPANSION; PHOSPHATES C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hawkins, HT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 168 EP 170 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800068 ER PT S AU Haire, RG Raison, PE AF Haire, RG Raison, PE BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Fundamental aspects of actinide-zirconium pyrochlore oxides: Systematic comparison of the Pu, Am, Cm, Bk and Cf systems SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Haire, RG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 173 EP 174 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800070 ER PT S AU Wong, AS Rinehart, GH Reimus, MH Pansoy-Hjelvik, ME Moniz, PF Brock, JC Ferrara, SE Ramsey, SS AF Wong, AS Rinehart, GH Reimus, MH Pansoy-Hjelvik, ME Moniz, PF Brock, JC Ferrara, SE Ramsey, SS BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Analysis capabilities for plutonium-238 programs SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wong, AS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 202 EP 204 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800082 ER PT S AU Mason, CFV Zygmunt, SJ Hahn, WK James, CA Costa, DA Smith, WH Yarbro, SL AF Mason, CFV Zygmunt, SJ Hahn, WK James, CA Costa, DA Smith, WH Yarbro, SL BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Technical challenges in support of the plutonium materials conversion program in Russia SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mason, CFV (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 211 EP 213 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800085 ER PT S AU Costa, DA Smith, WH Abney, KD Oldham, WJ AF Costa, DA Smith, WH Abney, KD Oldham, WJ BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Actinide chemistry in room temperature ionic liquids: Actinide chemistry in RTIL systems (Why?) SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Costa, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 221 EP 222 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800091 ER PT S AU Jensen, MP Bond, AH Nash, KL AF Jensen, MP Bond, AH Nash, KL BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Structural studies of f-element complexes with soft donor extractants SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jensen, MP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Jensen, Mark/G-9131-2012 OI Jensen, Mark/0000-0003-4494-6693 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 228 EP 229 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800094 ER PT S AU Oldham, SM Schake, AR Burns, CJ Morgan, AN Schnabel, RC Warner, BP Costa, DA Smith, WH AF Oldham, SM Schake, AR Burns, CJ Morgan, AN Schnabel, RC Warner, BP Costa, DA Smith, WH BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Lewis base binding affinities and redox properties of plutonium complexes SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Oldham, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 230 EP 231 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800095 ER PT S AU Moody, E AF Moody, E BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI QSAR of distribution coefficients for Pu(NO3)62-complexes using molecular mechanics SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Moody, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 232 EP 233 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800096 ER PT S AU Reimus, MA Pansoy-Hjelvik, ME Silver, G Brock, J Nixon, J Ramsey, KB Moniz, P AF Reimus, MA Pansoy-Hjelvik, ME Silver, G Brock, J Nixon, J Ramsey, KB Moniz, P BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Materials compatibility for Pu-238-HNO3/HF solution containment: Pu-238 aqueous processing SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reimus, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 234 EP 235 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800097 ER PT S AU Pansoy-Hjelvik, ME Nixon, J Laurinat, J Brock, J Silver, G Reimus, M Ramsey, KB AF Pansoy-Hjelvik, ME Nixon, J Laurinat, J Brock, J Silver, G Reimus, M Ramsey, KB BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Process parameters optimization in ion exchange Pu-238 aqueous processing SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pansoy-Hjelvik, ME (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 236 EP 237 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800098 ER PT S AU Smith, DM Neu, MP Garcia, E Dole, VR AF Smith, DM Neu, MP Garcia, E Dole, VR BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Plutonium pyrochemical salts oxidation and distillation processing: Residue stabilization and fundamental studies SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Smith, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 238 EP 238 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800099 ER PT S AU Lashley, JC Blau, MS Quagliano, JR AF Lashley, JC Blau, MS Quagliano, JR BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Purification of plutonium via electromagnetic levitation SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lashley, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 243 EP 245 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800102 ER PT S AU Remerowski, ML Stimmel, JJ Wong, AS Ramsey, KB AF Remerowski, ML Stimmel, JJ Wong, AS Ramsey, KB BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Pu-238 recovery and salt disposition from the molten salt oxidation process SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Remerowski, ML (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 246 EP 247 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800103 ER PT S AU Stimmel, JJ Remerowski, ML Ramsey, KB Heslop, JM AF Stimmel, JJ Remerowski, ML Ramsey, KB Heslop, JM BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Stabilization of Pu-238-contaminated combustible waste by molten salt oxidation SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Stimmel, JJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 248 EP 249 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800104 ER PT S AU Romanovski, VV Palmer, CE Shaw, HF Bourcier, WL Jardine, LJ AF Romanovski, VV Palmer, CE Shaw, HF Bourcier, WL Jardine, LJ BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Polymeric species of Pu in low ionic strength media SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Romanovski, VV (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 267 EP 268 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800112 ER PT S AU Reilly, SD Neu, MP Runde, W AF Reilly, SD Neu, MP Runde, W BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Solubility and speciation of plutonium(VI) carbonates and hydroxides SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID EQUILIBRIA C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 269 EP 271 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800113 ER PT S AU Runde, W Efurd, D Neu, MP Reilly, SD VanPelt, C Conradson, SD AF Runde, W Efurd, D Neu, MP Reilly, SD VanPelt, C Conradson, SD BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Plutonium in the environment: Speciation, solubility, and the relevance of Pu(VI) SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Runde, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 272 EP 273 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800114 ER PT S AU Panak, PJ Nitsche, H AF Panak, PJ Nitsche, H BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Interaction of actinides with aerobic soil bacteria SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID WASTES C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94702 USA. RP Panak, PJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94702 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 275 EP 276 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800116 ER PT S AU John, S Ruggiero, C Hersman, L Neu, M AF John, S Ruggiero, C Hersman, L Neu, M BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Plutonium uptake by common soil aerobes SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP John, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 277 EP 278 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800117 ER PT S AU Sylwester, ER Allen, PG Hudson, EA AF Sylwester, ER Allen, PG Hudson, EA BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI XAS of Uranium(VI) sorbed onto silica, alumina, and montmorillonite SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID EXAFS C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sylwester, ER (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 279 EP 281 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800118 ER PT S AU Ruggiero, CE Matonic, JH Neu, MP Reilly, SP AF Ruggiero, CE Matonic, JH Neu, MP Reilly, SP BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Actinide interactions with aerobic soil microbes and their exudates: The reduction of plutonium with desferrioxamine siderophores SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ruggiero, CE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 284 EP 285 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800120 ER PT S AU Johnson, MT Chitwood, DJ He, L Neu, MP AF Johnson, MT Chitwood, DJ He, L Neu, MP BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Interactions of microbial exopolymers with actinides SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID BINDING C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Johnson, MT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 286 EP 287 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800121 ER PT S AU Van Pelt, CE Lin, M Smith, DM Runde, WH AF Van Pelt, CE Lin, M Smith, DM Runde, WH BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Interaction of plutonium and uranium with apatite mineral surfaces SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID HEMATITE; SORPTION C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Van Pelt, CE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 290 EP 291 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800123 ER PT S AU Berg, JM Veirs, DK AF Berg, JM Veirs, DK BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Uncertainty reporting in measurements of plutonium solution speciation: How can we do better? SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Berg, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 299 EP 300 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800125 ER PT S AU Thronas, DL Wong, AS Mecklenburg, SL Marshall, RS AF Thronas, DL Wong, AS Mecklenburg, SL Marshall, RS BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Production and radiometric measurements of the large particle plutonium oxide non-destructive assay standards SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc AB The Analytical Chemistry Group at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) has produced several sets of working reference materials (WRMs) for the National TRU Waste Program (NTWP) NDA PDP(Non-Destructive Assay Performance Demonstration Program). This paper describes the first example of production of traceable, certified standards containing plutonium oxide in large particle form for the DOE complex. Discussion of the production and radiometric measurements of these NDA standards is included herein. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Thronas, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 301 EP 302 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800126 ER PT S AU Shepherd, BA Bonchin, SL Figg, DJ AF Shepherd, BA Bonchin, SL Figg, DJ BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Analysis of boron and silicon in plutonium samples by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shepherd, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 303 EP 304 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800127 ER PT S AU Smith, CA Martinez, MA AF Smith, CA Martinez, MA BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) applied to plutonium analysis SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Smith, CA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 305 EP 306 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800128 ER PT S AU Dewey, HJ Hopkins, TA AF Dewey, HJ Hopkins, TA BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Emission from neptunyl ions in the near IR SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dewey, HJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 307 EP 308 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800129 ER PT S AU Hopkins, TA Berg, JM Costa, DA Smith, WH Dewey, HJ AF Hopkins, TA Berg, JM Costa, DA Smith, WH Dewey, HJ BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Spectroscopy of UO2Cl42- in basic aluminum chloride: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CS2UO2CL4; SPECTRUM C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hopkins, TA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 309 EP 310 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800130 ER PT S AU Cremers, TL Hansen, WJ Herrera, GD Nelson, DC Sampson, TE Scheer, NL AF Cremers, TL Hansen, WJ Herrera, GD Nelson, DC Sampson, TE Scheer, NL BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI ARIES nondestructive assay system operation and performance SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cremers, TL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 311 EP 311 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800131 ER PT S AU Blackadar, JM Wong, AS Stainaker, ND Willerton, JR AF Blackadar, JM Wong, AS Stainaker, ND Willerton, JR BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Rad Calc III: Radioanalysis calculation program for plutonium and americium determination SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Analyt Chem Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Blackadar, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Analyt Chem Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 324 EP 326 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800136 ER PT S AU Beitz, JV Williams, CW AF Beitz, JV Williams, CW BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Detection of leaking actinide hexafluoride storage cylinders SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Beitz, JV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 329 EP 330 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800138 ER PT S AU Wong, AS Ricketts, TE Pansoy-Hejivik, ME Ramsey, KB Hansel, KM Romero, MK AF Wong, AS Ricketts, TE Pansoy-Hejivik, ME Ramsey, KB Hansel, KM Romero, MK BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Plutonium process monitoring (PPM) system SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wong, AS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 331 EP 333 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800139 ER PT S AU Worley, CG Havrilla, GJ AF Worley, CG Havrilla, GJ BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Determining analyte concentrations in plutonium metal by x-ray fluorescence using a dried residue method SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Worley, CG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 334 EP 335 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800140 ER PT S AU Schulze, RK Farr, JD Archuleta, JC AF Schulze, RK Farr, JD Archuleta, JC BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Plasmon resonance spectroscopy of plutonium metal SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schulze, RK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 343 EP 345 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800144 ER PT S AU Voss, MR Paffett, MT AF Voss, MR Paffett, MT BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Atomic H(D) adsorption on polycrystalline UO2 and UO2(111) surfaces SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID WATER C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Voss, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 346 EP 347 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800145 ER PT S AU McAninch, JE Hamilton, TF AF McAninch, JE Hamilton, TF BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Accelerator mass spectrometry measurements of actinide concentrations and isotope ratios SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McAninch, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 348 EP 349 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800146 ER PT S AU Jasperson, MN Drake, LR AF Jasperson, MN Drake, LR BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Determination of mercury in radioactive samples by cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Jasperson, MN (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 350 EP 351 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800147 ER PT S AU Terry, J Schulze, RK Zocco, TG Farr, JD Archuleta, J Ramos, M Martinez, F Martinez, B Pereyra, R Lashley, J Wasserman, S Antonio, M Skanthakumar, S Soderholm, L AF Terry, J Schulze, RK Zocco, TG Farr, JD Archuleta, J Ramos, M Martinez, F Martinez, B Pereyra, R Lashley, J Wasserman, S Antonio, M Skanthakumar, S Soderholm, L BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Utilization of principal component analysis on plutonium EXAFS data from the advanced photon source SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Terry, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 364 EP 366 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800153 ER PT S AU Farr, JD Schulze, RK Neu, MP Morales, LA AF Farr, JD Schulze, RK Neu, MP Morales, LA BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Surface analysis of Pu oxide powders: Thermal dehydration/water vapor rehydration studies SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Farr, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 367 EP 368 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800154 ER PT S AU Haire, RG Heathman, S Lindbaum, A Litfin, K Meresse, Y LeBihan, T AF Haire, RG Heathman, S Lindbaum, A Litfin, K Meresse, Y LeBihan, T BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Important new insights into f-electron behavior via ultra-high pressure studies of transplutonium elements SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Haire, RG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI LE BIHAN, Tristan/I-5063-2013 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 369 EP 370 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800155 ER PT S AU Morris, DE Wilkerson, MP Burns, CJ Scott, BL Wilkerson, MP Paine, RT AF Morris, DE Wilkerson, MP Burns, CJ Scott, BL Wilkerson, MP Paine, RT BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Steric vs electronic effects in binary uranyl alkoxides: A spectroscopic perspective SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Morris, DE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Morris, David/A-8577-2012 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 371 EP 373 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800156 ER PT S AU Burns, CJ Wilkerson, MP Morris, DE Scott, BL Paine, RT Wilkerson, MP AF Burns, CJ Wilkerson, MP Morris, DE Scott, BL Paine, RT Wilkerson, MP BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Structural preferences and reactivity of uranyl alkoxide complexes prepared in non-protic media SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Burns, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Morris, David/A-8577-2012 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 377 EP 378 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800157 ER PT S AU Matonic, JH Neu, MP Scott, B Mazzanti, M AF Matonic, JH Neu, MP Scott, B Mazzanti, M BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Synthesis and structural studies of plutonium complexes containing nitrogen and sulfur donor ligands SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Matonic, JH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 379 EP 380 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800158 ER PT S AU Neu, MP Matonic, JH Smith, DM Scott, BL AF Neu, MP Matonic, JH Smith, DM Scott, BL BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Structures of plutonium coordination compounds: A review of past work, recent single crystal X-ray diffraction results, and what we're learning about plutonium coordination chemistry SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Neu, MP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 381 EP 382 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800159 ER PT S AU Stan, M AF Stan, M BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Modeling the thermodynamic properties of plutonium SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Stan, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 390 EP 391 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800164 ER PT S AU Martin, RL Hay, PJ Schreckenbach, G AF Martin, RL Hay, PJ Schreckenbach, G BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Theoretical studies of actinyl crown ether inclusion complexes SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID HYDROLYSIS C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Martin, RL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 392 EP 394 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800165 ER PT S AU Burns, CJ Clark, DL Duval, PB Scott, BL AF Burns, CJ Clark, DL Duval, PB Scott, BL BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Non-aqueous chemistry of uranyl complexes with tripodal ligands SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Burns, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 397 EP 398 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800166 ER PT S AU Terry, J Schulze, RK Zocco, T Lashley, J Farr, JD Heinzelman, K Rotenberg, E Shuh, DK Blau, M Tobin, J AF Terry, J Schulze, RK Zocco, T Lashley, J Farr, JD Heinzelman, K Rotenberg, E Shuh, DK Blau, M Tobin, J BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Electronic and geometric structure of Pu metal: A high-resolution photoelectron spectromicroscopy study SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Terry, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 406 EP 409 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800170 ER PT S AU Albers, RC Rudin, SP Trinkle, DR Jones, MD AF Albers, RC Rudin, SP Trinkle, DR Jones, MD BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Actinide electronic structure and atomic forces SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID TOTAL-ENERGY METHOD; BINDING C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Albers, RC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 412 EP 413 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800172 ER PT S AU Huntley, T Johnson, K Olivas, D Mulford, R Brown, W Walter, K Stout, M AF Huntley, T Johnson, K Olivas, D Mulford, R Brown, W Walter, K Stout, M BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Determination of mechanical properties of aged plutonium from ARIES pits by instrumented sharp indentation SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Huntley, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 414 EP 415 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800173 ER PT S AU Mulford, RN Valdez, M AF Mulford, RN Valdez, M BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Density of plutonium metal as a function of age SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID DISPLACEMENT C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mulford, RN (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 416 EP 417 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800174 ER PT S AU Moore, DP Joyce, JJ Arko, AJ Morales, L Sarrao, J AF Moore, DP Joyce, JJ Arko, AJ Morales, L Sarrao, J BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI 5f band dispersion in the highly correlated electronic structure of uranium compounds SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Moore, DP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 420 EP 421 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800176 ER PT S AU Boettger, JC Ray, AK AF Boettger, JC Ray, AK BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI All-electron density functional theory calculations of the zero-pressure properties of plutonium dioxide SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Boettger, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 422 EP 423 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800177 ER PT S AU Wills, J Roder, H Eriksson, OR AF Wills, J Roder, H Eriksson, OR BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Structural stability in high temperature Pu and Pu alloys SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wills, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 426 EP 427 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800179 ER PT S AU Dooley, D Martinez, B Olson, D Olivas, D Ronquillo, R Rising, T AF Dooley, D Martinez, B Olson, D Olivas, D Ronquillo, R Rising, T BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Diffusion of helium in plutonium alloys SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc ID IRRADIATION C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dooley, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 428 EP 430 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800180 ER PT S AU Freibert, F Martinez, A Baiardo, JP Olivas, J Ronquillo, R AF Freibert, F Martinez, A Baiardo, JP Olivas, J Ronquillo, R BE Pillay, KKS Kim, KC TI Effects of self-irradiated damage on physical properties of stabilized Pu alloys SO PLUTONIUM FUTURES-THE SCIENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Topical Conference on Plutonium and Actinides CY JUL 10-13, 2000 CL SANTA FE, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Amer Nucl Soc C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Freibert, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-948-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 532 BP 431 EP 432 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR73G UT WOS:000167358800181 ER PT J AU Winkler, K Costa, DA Balch, AL AF Winkler, K Costa, DA Balch, AL TI Electrochemical properties of fullerene based solid thin layers SO POLISH JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE fullerenes electrochemistry; solid state electrochemistry; electropolymerization; electroactive polymers ID QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; ALKALI-METAL CATIONS; C-60 FILMS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; IN-SITU; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR; PHOTOINDUCED POLYMERIZATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY AB This paper reviews the results of investigations into the electrochemical properties of fullerenes and their derivatives in solid state. These systems can be divided into three groups: (i) polycrystalline thin layers, (ii) non-crystalline films, and (iii) fullerene based polymers. The effects of the supporting electrolyte and solvent on the electrochemical behavior of polycrystalline fullerene thin layer films are discussed. The redox properties of fullerene based self-assembled monolayers, Langmuir-Blodgett films, and fullerene incorporated bilayer lipid membranes are presented. Special emphasis is placed on the electrochemistry of fullerene based polymers. Several different methods for the electrochemical polymerization of fullerene systems are described and the properties of these systems are discussed. C1 Univ Bialystok, Inst Chem, PL-15443 Bialystok, Poland. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Winkler, K (reprint author), Univ Bialystok, Inst Chem, Pilsudskiego 11-4, PL-15443 Bialystok, Poland. NR 116 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU POLISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY PI WARSAW PA C/O POLISH ACAD SCIENCES, INST PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY, UL KASPRZAKA 44/52, 01-224 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0137-5083 J9 POL J CHEM JI Pol. J. Chem. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 74 IS 1 BP 1 EP 37 PG 37 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 272HK UT WOS:000084644300001 ER PT J AU Plaza, G Ulfig, K Tien, AJ AF Plaza, G Ulfig, K Tien, AJ TI Immunoassays and environmental studies SO POLISH JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES LA English DT Review DE antibodies; antigen; environmental contaminants; immunoassays ID IMMUNOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; PESTICIDES; ANTIBODIES; ASSAY AB Immunoassays (immunochemical methods - IMA(s)) are now being seen as useful analytical tools, and supplements to conventional analytical methods: gas chromatography - GC and high performance liquid chromatography - HPLC. Immunochemical methods provide rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective analyses for a variety of environmental contaminants. Development of these methods is multidisciplinary. IMA(s) combine principles of immunology and chemistry into tests that are used by scientists in practically every discipline, including fields as diverse as molecular biology and environmental science. All immunoassays rely on interaction between an antibody as analytical reagents and target analytes (antigen). Environmental immunoassays have been developed and evaluated for analytes including major classes of pesticides, organic compounds as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH(s)), pentachlorophenols (PCPs) BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene), dioxins and furans, and some inorganics, for example cadmium, lead, mercury, and microbial toxins. This paper provides an overview of the possibilites of immunoassays as a detection method for environmental contaminants. The principles and the history of immunoassay methodology are reviewed. C1 Inst Ecol Ind Areas, PL-40833 Katowice, Poland. Savannah River Technol Ctr, Environm Biotechnol Sect, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Plaza, G (reprint author), Inst Ecol Ind Areas, Ul Kossutha 6, PL-40833 Katowice, Poland. NR 37 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 14 PU HARD PI OLSZTYN 5 PA POST-OFFICE BOX, 10-718 OLSZTYN 5, POLAND SN 1230-1485 J9 POL J ENVIRON STUD JI Pol. J. Environ. Stud. PY 2000 VL 9 IS 4 BP 231 EP 236 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 350DG UT WOS:000089085000001 ER PT J AU Lane, DA Peters, AJ Gundel, LA Jones, KC Northcott, GL AF Lane, DA Peters, AJ Gundel, LA Jones, KC Northcott, GL TI Gas/particle partition measurements of PAH at Hazelrigg, UK SO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on Polycyclic AromatiC Compounds (ISPAC 17) CY OCT 25-29, 1999 CL BORDEAUX, FRANCE SP Int Soc Polycycl Aromat Compounds, Univ Boreeaux I, CNRS DE PAH denuder; gas/particle partitioning; IOGAPS; glass fiber filter ID GAS AB During September and October, 1998, the new Integrated Organic Gas and Particle Sampler (IOGAPS), was operated at Hazelrigg, UK, the field measurement station of the University of Lancaster. Gas/particle partition ratios Of twenty-two 2-5 ring PAH were determined using both the IOGAPS (in which the gas phase is collected before the particle phase) and a low now sampler which utilized the traditional filter-sorbent geometry. For compounds of intermediate volatility, less partitioning to the gas phase was observed when the denuder was used. The denuder (8- channel, 60 cm, 16.7 L min(-1) air sampling rate) trapped small amounts of several non-volatile PAH. This result is consistent with particle diffusion losses of 5 to 10% for particles less than 0.05 mum under the flow conditions in the denuder. The 60-cm denuder was probably longer than necessary for the now rate used. During the sampling, both glass fiber and Teflon-coated glass fiber filters were used. Without a denuder in front of a glass fiber filter, the fine particulate mass (PM 2.5) measurements showed a major positive bias that has been attributed to adsorption of gases by the filter. Tenon-coated glass fiber filters were not subject to this artifact problem, and equal masses were collected on filters from the denuded and non-denuded air flows. C1 Environm Canada, Atomospher Environm Serv, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Lane, DA (reprint author), Environm Canada, Atomospher Environm Serv, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. RI Jones, Kevin/F-4296-2014 NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING RG1 8JL, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1040-6638 J9 POLYCYCL AROMAT COMP JI Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. PY 2000 VL 20 IS 1-4 BP 225 EP 234 DI 10.1080/10406630008034787 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 388TM UT WOS:000166199200017 ER PT J AU Cullum, BM Chi, ZH Vo-Dinh, T AF Cullum, BM Chi, ZH Vo-Dinh, T TI High-temperature fluorescence measurements and instrumentation for polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH): A review SO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Polyaromatic hydrocarbon; PAH; polyaromatic compound; PAC; fluorescence; fluorescence imaging ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; TIME-RESOLVED FLUORESCENCE; MATRIX-ISOLATED ANTHRACENE; DIFFUSION FLAMES; GAS-PHASE; VISIBLE FLUORESCENCE; SPECTRA; SOOT; SPECTROSCOPY; PYRENE AB This paper provides an overview of high-temperature measurements of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and an assessment of the state-of the art methods and instrumentation that are used for those measurements. This review deals specifically with the fluorescence technique and related measurement methods. The primary emphasis of this review will be placed on the effect of high temperatures on the structural, and photophysical characteristics of PAHs and their resulting effects on the fluorescence spectra of these compounds. Specific examples of these effects and the analytical instrumentation developed and used for these measurements will be discussed and illustrated, as well as the various environments in which these measurements are performed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Adv Monitoring Dev Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Vo-Dinh, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Adv Monitoring Dev Grp, POB 2008,MS-6101, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 13 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING RG1 8JL, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1040-6638 J9 POLYCYCL AROMAT COMP JI Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. PY 2000 VL 18 IS 1 BP 25 EP 47 DI 10.1080/10406630008233860 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 384WK UT WOS:000165969300003 ER PT J AU Lieu, JG Prausnitz, JM Gauthier, M AF Lieu, JG Prausnitz, JM Gauthier, M TI Vapor-liquid equilibria for binary solutions of arborescent and linear polystyrenes SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE vapour-liquid-equilibrium data; osmotic second-virial-coefficient data; arborescent polystyrene generation number ID GRAFT POLYMERS; SOLVENT AB Vapor-Liquid-equilibrium (VLE) data are reported for binary mixtures of arborescent polystyrene or linear polystyrene dissolved in chloroform, toluene, or cyclohexane in the range 50-70 degrees C. Using a classic gravimetric-sorption method, the amount of solvent absorbed by the polymer was measured as a function of solvent vapor pressure. VLE data are compared to osmotic second-virial-coefficient data for similar arborescent and linear polystyrenes. Solvent activity depends on the arborescent polystyrene generation number in cyclohexane solutions but similar dependence on arborescent polystyrene generation number is not observed for polymers dissolved in chloroform or toluene. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. RP Prausnitz, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JAN PY 2000 VL 41 IS 1 BP 219 EP 224 DI 10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00032-4 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 250DA UT WOS:000083372700025 ER PT J AU Li, W Sheller, N Foster, MD Balaishis, D Manners, I Annis, B Lin, JS AF Li, W Sheller, N Foster, MD Balaishis, D Manners, I Annis, B Lin, JS TI Morphology and ordering behavior of a poly(styrene)-b-poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane)diblock copolymer SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane); polystyrene; order to disorder transition ID SEMICRYSTALLINE DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; CRYSTALLIZATION; THERMODYNAMICS; POLYMERIZATION; MICRODOMAINS; POLYSTYRENE; TRANSITION; KINETICS AB The thermal behavior and morphology of a diblock copolymer of polystyrene and poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) (PFS) (M-a = 36000, phi(PS) = 0.308) have been surveyed using small angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy. As cast films are partly crystalline. The crystal structure is seriously perturbed by the propensity of the molecules to microphase segregation. After annealing above the glass transition temperature of polystyrene both crystallization and definition of the microphase separated domains are improved. The system forms an ordered microphase segregated structure once annealed above the melting temperature of the PFS block. Even then both cylindrical and spherical morphologies are observed and annealing times of a few days do not force the system to develop the long range order generally associated with carefully annealed polystyrene-b-polydiene polymers of comparable molecular weight. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Akron, Maurice Morton Inst Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sheller, N (reprint author), Univ Akron, Maurice Morton Inst Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA. NR 23 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JAN PY 2000 VL 41 IS 2 BP 719 EP 724 DI 10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00176-7 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 252LU UT WOS:000083503600036 ER PT J AU Hobbs, ML Erickson, KL Chu, TY AF Hobbs, ML Erickson, KL Chu, TY TI Modeling decomposition of unconfined rigid polyurethane foam SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article DE polyurethane foam; decomposition; chemical structure; percolation theory; vapor-liquid equilibrium ID CHEMICAL PERCOLATION MODEL; DEVOLATILIZATION; NMR AB The decomposition of unconfined rigid polyurethane foam has been modeled by a kinetic bond-breaking scheme describing degradation of a primary polymer and formation of a thermally stable secondary polymer. The bond-breaking scheme is resolved using percolation theory to describe evolving polymer fragments. The polymer fragments vaporize according to individual vapor pressures. Kinetic parameters for the model were obtained from thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The chemical structure of the foam was determined from the preparation techniques and ingredients used to synthesize the foam. Scale-up effects were investigated by simulating the response of an incident heat flux of 25 W/cm(2) on a partially confined 8.8-cm diameter by 15-cm long right circular cylinder of foam that contained an encapsulated component. Predictions of internal foam and component temperatures, as well as regression of the foam surface, were in agreement with measurements using thermocouples and X-ray imaging. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. AU rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hobbs, ML (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800,MS-0836, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 20 TC 26 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PY 2000 VL 69 IS 1 BP 47 EP 66 DI 10.1016/S0141-3910(00)00040-9 PG 20 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 333XU UT WOS:000088156700006 ER PT J AU Celina, M Wise, J Ottesen, DK Gillen, KT Clough, RL AF Celina, M Wise, J Ottesen, DK Gillen, KT Clough, RL TI Correlation of chemical and mechanical property changes during oxidative degradation of neoprene SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article DE thermal polymer degradation; rubber aging; heterogeneous degradation; FTIR-microscopy; oxygen consumption; modulus profiling; degradation profiles; carbonyl profiles; neoprene; oxygen diffusion effects ID DIFFUSION-LIMITED OXIDATION; THERMALLY AGED ELASTOMERS; CHEMILUMINESCENCE; PROFILES; POLYPROPYLENE; EXTRAPOLATION; SPECTROSCOPY; ARRHENIUS; POLYMERS; MODEL AB The thermal degradation of a commercial, stabilized, unfilled neoprene (chloroprene) rubber was investigated at temperatures up to 140 degrees C. The degradation of this material is dominated by oxidation rather than dehydrochlorination. Important heterogeneous oxidation effects were observed at the various temperatures investigated using infrared micro-spectroscopy and modulus profiling. Intensive degradation-related spectral changes in the IR occurred in the conjugated carbonyl and hydroxyl regions. Quantitative analysis revealed some differences in the development of the IR oxidation profiles, particularly towards the sample surface. These chemical degradation profiles were compared with modulus profiles (mechanical properties). It is concluded that the profile development is fundamentally described by a diffusion-limited autoxidation mechanism. Oxygen consumption measurements showed that the oxidation rates display non-Arrhenius behavior (curvature) at low temperatures. The current results, when compared to those of a previously studied, clay-filled commercial neoprene formulation, indicate that the clay filler acts as an antioxidant, but only at low temperatures. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Celina, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 36 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 3 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PY 2000 VL 68 IS 2 BP 171 EP 184 DI 10.1016/S0141-3910(99)00183-4 PG 14 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 310BT UT WOS:000086807200005 ER PT J AU Alma, MH Kelley, SS AF Alma, MH Kelley, SS TI Thermal stability of novolak-type thermosettings made by the condensation of bark and phenol SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article DE bark; phenol; novolak resin; thermal properties; phenolated bark ID WOOD AB The barks of calabrian pine (Pinus brutia) and Anatolia chestnut (Cestanea sativa) tree species have been condensed with phenol in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst at a temperature of 130 degrees C for 1 h. The phenolated bark species obtained was cured with hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) at 190 degrees C for 5 min and then, some thermal properties [thermogravimetric weight changes and glass transition point (T-g) of the cured phenolated barks were investigated by using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) methods as a function of the catalyst concentrations. The results showed that themogravimetric weight losses and glass transition points (T-g) of the cured phenolated bark decreased with increasing catalyst concentration. The thermogravimetric weight loss of the cured phenolated barks was found to be comparable to those of cured commercial novolak resin and phenolated wood. Furthermore, the T(g)s of the phenolated bark samples were found to increase with increasing catalyst concentration and to be obviously lower than those of commercial novolak resin. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, Dept Ind Engn Forestry, TR-46060 K Maras, Turkey. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Alma, MH (reprint author), Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, Dept Ind Engn Forestry, TR-46060 K Maras, Turkey. NR 11 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 5 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PY 2000 VL 68 IS 3 BP 413 EP 418 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 315PN UT WOS:000087122300012 ER PT J AU Stewart, FF Harrup, MK Lash, RP Tsang, MN AF Stewart, FF Harrup, MK Lash, RP Tsang, MN TI Synthesis, characterization and thermal stability of phosphazene terpolymers with 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy and diacetone D-glucofuranosyl pendant groups SO POLYMER INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE polyphosphazene; saccharide; synthesis; characterization; thermal analysis ID POLYMER MEMBRANES; SEPARATION PROPERTIES; SIDE GROUPS; POLYPHOSPHAZENES; GAS AB Six different phosphazene polymers have been synthesized with varying ratios of 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol and diacetone D-glucofuranose to determine how these pendant groups affect the physical, chemical, and thermal characteristics of these terpolymers. Diacetone D-glucofuranose serves as the hydrophobic substituent and 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol is the hydrophilic substituent on the phosphazene backbone. Characteristics of the polymers made in this study reflect a blend of the two substituents, ranging from powders to viscous fluids. Thermal analysis was used to quantify the thermal stability and water swellability of the polymers. Additionally, DSC was employed to determine composition based on the Fox equation. Compositions were then verified by integratable proton NMR indicating the validity of the Fox equation for predicting T-g transitions in phosphazene terpolymers. Laser Light scattering (LLS) revealed that the weight-average molecular weights were in the 10(7) gmol(-1) range with mean square radii between 150 and 200nm. (C) 2000 Society of Chemical Industry. C1 Lockheed Martin Idaho Technol Co, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Stewart, FF (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Idaho Technol Co, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 18 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0959-8103 J9 POLYM INT JI Polym. Int. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 49 IS 1 BP 57 EP 62 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0126(200001)49:1<57::AID-PI295>3.0.CO;2-Q PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 274GP UT WOS:000084755800006 ER PT J AU Sugama, T Hayenga, P AF Sugama, T Hayenga, P TI Boehmite-reinforced poly(phenylene sulphide) as a wear/corrosion resistant coating SO POLYMERS & POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Article ID CORROSION AB Exposure of semi-crystalline poly(phenylene sulphide) (PPS) coatings to a simulated geothermal environment containing acid (pH similar to 1.6) brine at 200 degrees C resulted in a decline in its crystallinity over time. This decrease was due primarily to an increase in the degree of hydrothermal oxidation of the PPS surfaces, thereby lowering their resistance to wear from blasting. To improve the resistance of the coating's surfaces, aluminium oxide-rich calcium aluminate (ACA) fillers were incorporated into the PPS. The sulphuric acid in the brine permeated through the coating, and then preferentially reacted with calcium in the ACA to form water-soluble calcium sulphate which leaches out from ACA particles during exposure. The hydrothermal hydration reactions of calcium-depleted ACA led to the formation of a well-crystallized boehmite coexisting with the PPS. The in-situ growth of boehmite crystals formed in the similar to 65 mu m-thick surface layer reinforced the oxidation-damaged PPS, and improved the coating's resistance to blasting wear. Also, PPS coatings containing an appropriate amount of ACA showed a better performance in protecting the underlying steels against corrosion than that of the bulk PPS coatings without ACA. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Mat & Chem Sci Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Columbia Basin Coll, Dept Chem Engn, Pasco, WA 99301 USA. RP Sugama, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Mat & Chem Sci Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPRA TECHNOLOGY LTD PI SHREWSBURY PA SHAWBURY, SHREWSBURY, SHROPS, ENGLAND SY4 4NR SN 0967-3911 J9 POLYM POLYM COMPOS JI Polym. Polym. Compos. PY 2000 VL 8 IS 5 BP 307 EP 318 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 355XF UT WOS:000089413300002 ER PT B AU Tolbert, VR Bandaranayake, W Tyler, D Houston, A Mays, D Pettry, DE Thornton, FC Joslin, JD Bock, BR Schoenholtz, S Green, TH AF Tolbert, VR Bandaranayake, W Tyler, D Houston, A Mays, D Pettry, DE Thornton, FC Joslin, JD Bock, BR Schoenholtz, S Green, TH GP SAF SAF TI Environmental aspects of biomass crop production SO PORTLAND'99: PIONEERING NEW TRAILS, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1999 Society-of-American-Foresters National Convention on Pioneering New Trails CY SEP 11-15, 1999 CL PORTLAND, OR SP Soc Amer Foresters DE environmental effects; soil quality; carbon sequestration ID UNITED-STATES; SYSTEMS; NEED AB Intensively managed woody and herbaceous biomass crops can provide feedstocks for energy and fiber as well as multiple environmental benefits. Site-specific studies are quantifying both the environmental potential and ramifications of converting agricultural croplands to biomass crop production. Research-scale comparisons of biomass crops, conservation tiliage, and traditional agricultural crop production show that aggregate stability and carbon storage increased concomitantly with decreased bulk density and penetration resistance under biomass and no-till agricultural crop production with land-use conversion from traditionally cultivated agricultural crops. Use of cover crops on woody crop plantings increased soil stability and carbon storage. The results of this study are being used by the Bioenergy Feedstock Development Program to help identify management strategies to increase biomass crop productivity and the sustainability of agricultural cropping systems. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tolbert, VR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI WASHINGTON PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, WASHINGTON, DC 20014 USA PY 2000 BP 248 EP 254 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQ79H UT WOS:000089530500038 ER PT B AU Anderson, IE Lograsso, BK Terpstra, R Gleeson, B AF Anderson, IE Lograsso, BK Terpstra, R Gleeson, B BE Alman, DE Newkirk, JW TI Development of advanced metallic filters for hot gas cleaning SO POWER METALURY ALLOYS AND PARTICULATE MATERIALS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Power Metallurgy Alloys and Particulate Materials for Industrial Applications held at the TMS Fall Meeting CY OCT 09-12, 2000 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP MPMD Powder Mat Comm AB Hot gas cleaning is one of the key technological barriers remaining in the development of advanced coal-fired power plant combustion cycles. Despite research and development over the last two decades, the problems of hot gas cleaning have yet to be resolved. Recent analysis suggests that the metallic candle filter is one of the most promising approaches to hot gas cleaning for advanced coal conversion technologies. A unique spherical powder processing and sintering technique is being developed to fabricate metallic filters having uniform, closely controlled porosity. A Ni-based superalloy, Haynes 214, was selected for initial trials of this processing technique based on its reported ability for stable alumina scale formation and retention of useful strength beyond the 850 degreesC requirement of advanced power plant applications. Nigh pressure gas atomized powder samples of Haynes 214-alloy were tap densified and sintered to densities ranging from 64% to 74% and ambient temperature transverse rupture strengths from 272 MPa to 613 MPa, respectively. Microstructural analysis revealed the sintering conditions necessary to produce open permeable pore networks and sufficient interparticle bonding. Permeability measurements indicated that the initial filter flow characteristics of the sintered samples equaled the levels of high performance SiC filters. The corrosion resistance of these filter samples and a complete collection of alloy alternatives remain to be evaluated under simulated gaseous combustion environments to determine the suitability of this filter structure and to allow improved alloy selection. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Anderson, IE (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-448-8 PY 2000 BP 11 EP 25 PG 15 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BR50Z UT WOS:000166689400002 ER PT B AU Hawk, JA Dogan, ON Wilson, RD AF Hawk, JA Dogan, ON Wilson, RD BE Alman, DE Newkirk, JW TI Wear study of carbide reinforced P/M ferrous alloys SO POWER METALURY ALLOYS AND PARTICULATE MATERIALS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Power Metallurgy Alloys and Particulate Materials for Industrial Applications held at the TMS Fall Meeting CY OCT 09-12, 2000 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP MPMD Powder Mat Comm ID FE-TIC COMPOSITES; ABRASION RESISTANCE; MATRIX COMPOSITES; IRON; MICROSTRUCTURE; STEEL AB Ferrous alloys have been used for decades as wear resistant materials for applications where severe wear (primarily abrasion) has been a problem. Irons and steels have an advantage in these applications because they can be alloyed with various elements to create matrix and carbide structures which are quite a hit harder than the iron matrix by itself. For example, martensitic matrices can be developed as well as complex carbide structures (consisting usually of Cr-, Nb-, or V-based carbides or some other combination of carbide structures). However, these alloys are usually made through melt/solidification (M/S) techniques which can sometimes limit the type, volume fraction, and morphology of the carbide. In powder metallurgy (P/M) processing, these limitations can in many instances be ignored. This paper will discuss the abrasive and impact-abrasive wear behavior of one class of wear resistant materials that have been developed using TiC as the reinforcing phase. The microstructures of these materials will be discussed in general terms, especially with respect to their affect on the wear process. The wear process will be described as will the material removal mechanisms. The results of the wear tests on these composites will be compared to traditional carbide reinforced ferrous-based alloys and composites, both PIM and M/S in nature. C1 US Dept Energy, Albany Res Ctr, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Hawk, JA (reprint author), US Dept Energy, Albany Res Ctr, Albany, OR 97321 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-448-8 PY 2000 BP 29 EP 48 PG 20 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BR50Z UT WOS:000166689400003 ER PT B AU Dogan, ON Alman, DE Hawk, JA AF Dogan, ON Alman, DE Hawk, JA BE Alman, DE Newkirk, JW TI Powder processing and abrasion resistance of in-situ iron matrix-TiC reinforced composites SO POWER METALURY ALLOYS AND PARTICULATE MATERIALS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Power Metallurgy Alloys and Particulate Materials for Industrial Applications held at the TMS Fall Meeting CY OCT 09-12, 2000 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP MPMD Powder Mat Comm ID COMBUSTION AB Powder metallurgy (P/M) can be utilized to fabricate wear resistant Fe-Cr-TiC composite alloys. Earlier powder approaches combined iron with TiC powders and consolidated them by either hot-pressing or liquid phase sintering. In this study, iron powder was mixed with elemental titanium, chromium, and graphite powders, and then hot-pressed to full density. During the hot pressing cycle, an SHS-type reaction occurred, transforming the titanium and chromium powders to TIC and (Fe,Cr)(x)C-y in a steel (Fe-Cr-C) matrix. The influence of alloy composition and SHS process parameters on the microstructure and abrasive wear resistance of the TiC reinforced composites are discussed. It is demonstrated that the in-situ formation of TiC and (Fe,Cr)(x)C-y precipitates via SHS reaction processing using this P/M technique allows for careful control of the resultant microstructure and produces a composite with wear resistance comparable to similar materials produced by melt/solidification (M/S) methods. C1 US Dept Energy, Albany Res Ctr, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Dogan, ON (reprint author), US Dept Energy, Albany Res Ctr, Albany, OR 97321 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-448-8 PY 2000 BP 49 EP 64 PG 16 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BR50Z UT WOS:000166689400004 ER PT B AU Dunning, JS AF Dunning, JS BE Alman, DE Newkirk, JW TI Properties of high nitrogen steels produced by high pressure gas atomization SO POWER METALURY ALLOYS AND PARTICULATE MATERIALS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Power Metallurgy Alloys and Particulate Materials for Industrial Applications held at the TMS Fall Meeting CY OCT 09-12, 2000 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP MPMD Powder Mat Comm AB The production of metal powders by inert gas atomization typically combines at ambient pressure in a metal chamber and atomizing a fine stream of liquid metal from the melt chamber with powerful streams of gas into an atomizing chamber also at ambient pressure. In a pilot plant production unit, a series of Fe-Cr-Mn-Ni alloys were melted and atomized under pressure to achieve high nitrogen contents in the atomizer powder. Nitrogen contents between 0.5 and 1.3 wt. percent were achieved. Three Fe-Cr-Mn-Ni alloys were atomized under pressure and consolidated by hot extrusion. Tensile properties were determined after consolidation and heat treatment and were related to the nitrogen content and microstructure. C1 Albany Res Ctr, US Dept Energy, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Dunning, JS (reprint author), Albany Res Ctr, US Dept Energy, Albany, OR 97321 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-448-8 PY 2000 BP 105 EP 110 PG 6 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BR50Z UT WOS:000166689400009 ER PT B AU Branagan, DJ AF Branagan, DJ BE Alman, DE Newkirk, JW TI Devitrified nanocomposite steel powder SO POWER METALURY ALLOYS AND PARTICULATE MATERIALS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Power Metallurgy Alloys and Particulate Materials for Industrial Applications held at the TMS Fall Meeting CY OCT 09-12, 2000 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP MPMD Powder Mat Comm AB Using basic principles of metallic glass formation, multicomponent steel alloy compositions were developed with low critical cooling rates (approximate to 10(4) K/s) for metallic glass formation. This approach toward alloy design enabled the production of spherical, micron sized, metallic glass powder by inert gas atomization. The metallic glass precursors, depending on the composition, were found to devitrify from 550 to 625 degreesC with enthalpies of transformation from -75 to -150 J/g. Due to the characteristic uniform nucleation from a metallic glass precursor and high nucleation frequency, multiphase nanoscale microstructures develop after devitrification with phase sizes from 2 to 75 nm. The extremely large fraction of two dimensional defect interfaces/boundaries which exist in the nanoscale structure interact with and prevent dislocation motion. Additionally, hard second phase particles pin the grain boundaries and stabilize the microstructure to high temperatures (850 degreesC). Hardness measurements using nanoindentor and Vickers tests show that the devitrified nanocomposite steel is very hard reaching a maximum hardness of 16.0 GPa. The low-cost and high hardness of the devitrified steel alloys makes them excellent candidates for a wide variety of wear resistant applications. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Branagan, DJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-448-8 PY 2000 BP 111 EP 122 PG 12 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BR50Z UT WOS:000166689400010 ER PT B AU Chang, FC Fessler, RR Merkle, BD Borton, JM Goldberger, WM AF Chang, FC Fessler, RR Merkle, BD Borton, JM Goldberger, WM BE Alman, DE Newkirk, JW TI Computer modeling of temperature prediction for electroconsolidation SO POWER METALURY ALLOYS AND PARTICULATE MATERIALS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Power Metallurgy Alloys and Particulate Materials for Industrial Applications held at the TMS Fall Meeting CY OCT 09-12, 2000 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP MPMD Powder Mat Comm AB Electroconsolidation(R) is a proprietary process for rapid, pressure-assisted densification of powder preforms. The parts to be consolidated are placed within a bed of free-flowing powder, and pressure is applied by rams acting on the powder medium. Heat for densification is generated internally by electrical resistive heating of the medium while it is in direct contact with the preform(s). A mathematical model has been developed to predict the temperature profiles within the Electroconsolidation die during operation. Numerical simulation was performed by coupling a three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element electromagnetic field program (ELEKTRA) and a 3-D finite- difference materials process simulator (MaPS) to incorporate the effects of pressure and electrical fields on heat transfer and temperature variation within the die during heating and cooling. The methods used in developing the model are presented, and temperatures predicted at. various positions within the Electroconsolidation die are compared with actual measurements made during operation of the process over a range of conditions. Use of the model minimizes the experiments needed to design and evaluate commercial applications of Electroconsolidation. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chang, FC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-448-8 PY 2000 BP 145 EP 156 PG 12 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BR50Z UT WOS:000166689400013 ER PT B AU Alman, DE Dogan, ON AF Alman, DE Dogan, ON BE Alman, DE Newkirk, JW TI TiC-reinforced 304L-stainless steel-matrix composites via reactive sintering SO POWER METALURY ALLOYS AND PARTICULATE MATERIALS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Power Metallurgy Alloys and Particulate Materials for Industrial Applications held at the TMS Fall Meeting CY OCT 09-12, 2000 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP MPMD Powder Mat Comm ID TITANIUM CARBIDE AB Stainless steel (304L) matrix composites reinforced with TiC particles were produced by reactive sintering. Powder blends were prepared from 304L, Ti and C (graphite) powders corresponding to composites consisting 304L, mixed 20, 30, 40, or 60 volume percent (v%) TiC particles along with monolithic 304L and TiC end members. Green compacts were produced from the composite powder blends by die pressing and the compacts were vacuum sintered at 1200 degreesC for 15 minutes. The influence of heating rate (2 and 15 degreesC/min) on the composite microstructure and hardness was examined. In general, the reactive sintered composites were porous, as the measured sintered densities decreased with increasing TiC content. Composites sintered at the slower heating rate were more dense than corresponding composites sintered at faster rate. This was attributed to the slower heating rate allowing more time for the evolution of impurities from the powder surfaces prior to the volatilization of these species at the onset of the SHS-type reaction. Although the composites were porous they were significantly harder than the relatively dense unreinforced monolithic 304L matrix. C1 Albany Res Ctr, UD Dept Energy, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Alman, DE (reprint author), Albany Res Ctr, UD Dept Energy, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR 97321 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-448-8 PY 2000 BP 179 EP 188 PG 10 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BR50Z UT WOS:000166689400016 ER PT B AU Barnard, DJ Foley, JC AF Barnard, DJ Foley, JC BE Alman, DE Newkirk, JW TI Characterizing strength and sintering progress with acoustic harmonic generation measurements SO POWER METALURY ALLOYS AND PARTICULATE MATERIALS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Power Metallurgy Alloys and Particulate Materials for Industrial Applications held at the TMS Fall Meeting CY OCT 09-12, 2000 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP MPMD Powder Mat Comm AB Experimental work on sintered powder metallurgy (P/M) compacts demonstrated high levels of acoustic harmonic generation, where peaks in the harmonic generation efficiency were found to correlate with higher transverse rupture strength. The peaks in harmonic generation efficiency are believed related to the initial powder sizes used in the compacts and their effect on sintering. Results of experiments examining P/M compacts with varying initial powder sizes found narrow peaks in harmonic generation efficiency in the compacts with larger powder particles. The application of acoustic harmonic generation measurements for characterizing the sintering process is discussed. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Met & Ceram Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Barnard, DJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Met & Ceram Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-448-8 PY 2000 BP 189 EP 197 PG 9 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BR50Z UT WOS:000166689400017 ER PT B AU Rehbein, DK Foley, JC AF Rehbein, DK Foley, JC BE Alman, DE Newkirk, JW TI Sintering process characterization using non-contact EMAT generated acoustic waves SO POWER METALURY ALLOYS AND PARTICULATE MATERIALS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Power Metallurgy Alloys and Particulate Materials for Industrial Applications held at the TMS Fall Meeting CY OCT 09-12, 2000 CL ST LOUIS, MO SP MPMD Powder Mat Comm AB Initial work has shown that in-situ evaluation of the mechanical strength of a powder metal compact during sintering can successfully be accomplished using a non-contact Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT) system. An excellent correlation between the ultrasonic echo amplitude obtained during sintering and the subsequent room temperature transverse rupture strength has been demonstrated both for solid state and liquid phase sintering of Aluminum. The technique developed was used to further the understanding of the sintering process and development of the mechanical strength through monitoring of the acoustic energy transmitted through the sample as sintering progresses at varying conditions. In-situ experiments were performed with variations in the initial material composition and with changes in the sintering temperature. Various green state densities were also used to examine the effect on the acoustic response and for correlation with mechanical strength measurements. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Rehbein, DK (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, 211A Met Dev, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI 苏, 日亮/D-4386-2009 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-448-8 PY 2000 BP 199 EP 209 PG 11 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BR50Z UT WOS:000166689400018 ER PT S AU Sopori, B AF Sopori, B BE Kumar, V Agarwal, SK TI Impurities and defects in photovoltaic Si devices: A review SO PROCEEDING OF THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON THE PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES, VOLS I AND II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Workshop on the Physics of Semiconductor Devices (IWPSD 99) CY DEC 14-18, 1999 CL NEW DELHI, INDIA SP Defence Res & Dev Org, Minist Informat Technol, Council Sci & Indust Res, Dept Space, Int Soc Opt Engn, Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Semiconduct Complex Ltd, Philips, India Ltd, Karl Suss GmbH, Leica Microsyst Lithogr Ltd, Electorava SPA, Riber, Dept Sci Technol AB The performance of commercial photovoltaic Si crevices is strongly controlled by the impurities I: and defects present in the substrates. A well-designed solar cell processing sequence can mitigate their effects to yield high efficiency devices. Such a process-design requires a comprehensive knowledge of the properties of defects, impurities, and impurity-defect interactions that can occur during device processing. This paper reviews the recent understanding of the impurity and defect issues in Si-photovoltaics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Sopori, B (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3601-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 3975 BP 1214 EP 1226 PN 1&2 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BQ44N UT WOS:000088363600239 ER PT B AU Rector, DM Rogers, RF George, JS AF Rector, DM Rogers, RF George, JS BE Gandjbakhiche, AH TI High speed Imaging of scattered light signals that track the neural electrical response SO PROCEEDINGS OF INTER-INSTITUTE WORKSHOP ON IN VIVO OPTICAL IMAGING AT THE NIH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Inter-Institute Workshop on In Vivo Optical Imaging CY SEP 16-17, 1999 CL NIH, BETHESDA, MD SP NICHHD, NCI, NHLBI, NINDS, Off Res Woman Hlth, Opt Soc Amer, Hamamatsu, ISS Inc, Zeiss HO NIH ID INTRINSIC SIGNALS AB A number of studies have utilized bright field illumination of neural tissue to image intrinsic absorbance changes associated with slow hemodynamic responses. These methods produce high-resolution but static spatial activation maps from the cortical surface. In order to capture dynamic spatio-temporal patterns, other investigators have employed voltage sensitive dyes. We imaged and investigated fast intrinsic optical responses to vagal nerve stimulation within the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) of the rat dorsal brainstem using a novel variable-focus imaging probe without dyes. Dark field illumination enhanced the contrast of light scattering changes, that track electrical dynamics of neuronal activation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rector, DM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, MS-D454, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMERICA PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA BN 1-55752-653-2 PY 2000 BP 38 EP 42 PG 5 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Microscopy; Optics; Spectroscopy SC Engineering; Microscopy; Optics; Spectroscopy GA BT68M UT WOS:000173724500007 ER PT B AU Barros, KM Rector, DM George, JS AF Barros, KM Rector, DM George, JS BE Gandjbakhiche, AH TI Virtual Pinhole Confocal Microscope SO PROCEEDINGS OF INTER-INSTITUTE WORKSHOP ON IN VIVO OPTICAL IMAGING AT THE NIH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Inter-Institute Workshop on In Vivo Optical Imaging CY SEP 16-17, 1999 CL NIH, BETHESDA, MD SP NICHHD, NCI, NHLBI, NINDS, Off Res Woman Hlth, Opt Soc Amer, Hamamatsu, ISS Inc, Zeiss HO NIH AB We developed a Virtual Pinhole Confocal Microscope (VPM) that achieves the benefits of conventional confocal instruments but eliminates much of the mechanical and optical complexity. Structured illumination grids produced by a micro-lens array, micro-mirror array or liquid crystal display allow faster sample scanning than conventional methods, with simultaneous illumination at many points. Light is detected with a CCD camera, and confocal images are reconstructed with image processing algorithms eliminating the need for physical apertures, simplifing implementation, and allowing practical transmission mode confocal imaging. The illumination scanning system is compact, versatile, inexpensive, and can be retrofit into existing microscopes. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Barros, KM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, MS-D454, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMERICA PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA BN 1-55752-653-2 PY 2000 BP 66 EP 70 PG 5 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Microscopy; Optics; Spectroscopy SC Engineering; Microscopy; Optics; Spectroscopy GA BT68M UT WOS:000173724500012 ER PT B AU George, JS Rector, DM Ho, C Albright, K Smith, C Hielscher, AH AF George, JS Rector, DM Ho, C Albright, K Smith, C Hielscher, AH BE Gandjbakhiche, AH TI Time resolved photon migration tomography with a novel remote ultra low light imager (RULLI) SO PROCEEDINGS OF INTER-INSTITUTE WORKSHOP ON IN VIVO OPTICAL IMAGING AT THE NIH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Inter-Institute Workshop on In Vivo Optical Imaging CY SEP 16-17, 1999 CL NIH, BETHESDA, MD SP NICHHD, NCI, NHLBI, NINDS, Off Res Woman Hlth, Opt Soc Amer, Hamamatsu, ISS Inc, Zeiss HO NIH ID OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY AB We describe the design and initial applications of an instrument for time and spatially resolved photon migration tomography. The remote ultra low light imager (RULLI) records photon X, and Y positions, and time with <20 ps resolution. Placing the RULLI detector on one side of a scattering object, and illuminating the other side, measures the time history, amplitude, and positions of photons traveling through the object. Another configuration uses a fiber optic collecting array with elements placed at many locations surrounding the object. Spatial and temporal patterns of photon arrival are recorded from multiple source locations around the object, allowing reconstruction of optical properties of the medium. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP George, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, MS-D454, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMERICA PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA BN 1-55752-653-2 PY 2000 BP 177 EP 181 PG 5 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Microscopy; Optics; Spectroscopy SC Engineering; Microscopy; Optics; Spectroscopy GA BT68M UT WOS:000173724500030 ER PT S AU Brahma, A Guezennec, Y Rizzoni, G AF Brahma, A Guezennec, Y Rizzoni, G GP AACC AACC AACC TI Optimal energy management in series hybrid electric vehicles SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2000 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-6 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2000 American Control Conference (ACC 2000) CY JUN 28-30, 2000 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Automat Control Council, IFAC, US Natl Member Org, Int Federat Automat Control AB This paper dears with the optimization of the instantaneous electrical generation! electrical storage power split in series hybrid electric vehicles. Optimal energy management is related to the optimization of the instantaneous generation/storage power split in series hybrid electric vehicles [1]. Previously, a power split type solution of the series hybrid energy management problem has been attempted using a rule-based approach. Our approach performs a dynamic programming solution of the problem of determining the optimal power split between both sources of energy, with realistic cost calculation for all considered power trajectories for the combined APU/Generator, electric machines and battery efficiencies, and a penalty function formulation for the deviation of the ideal state-of-charge to be sustained over the length of time considered. The discrete state formulation of this dynamic programming approach makes the computation very efficient. Results are obtained for series hybrids for the FUDS drive cycle. C1 Ohio State Univ, DOE, GATE, Ctr Hybrid Drivetrains & Control Syst, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. RP Brahma, A (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, DOE, GATE, Ctr Hybrid Drivetrains & Control Syst, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. RI Rizzoni, Giorgio/D-2961-2016 OI Rizzoni, Giorgio/0000-0002-8397-7241 NR 11 TC 88 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 0-7803-5520-2 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2000 BP 60 EP 64 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BR32L UT WOS:000166106200012 ER PT S AU Driessen, BJ Parker, GG AF Driessen, BJ Parker, GG GP AACC AACC AACC TI Experimental results for minimum-time trajectory tracking of a direct-drive three-link planar arm SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2000 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-6 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2000 American Control Conference (ACC 2000) CY JUN 28-30, 2000 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Automat Control Council, IFAC, US Natl Member Org, Int Federat Automat Control ID ROBOT CONTROL AB This work is an experimental investigation of the ability of a real three-link direct-drive arm to track model-based minimum-time trajectories that have been found off-line. Sufficiently large velocity gains in the computed torque control law were not achievable with the velocity sensors described herein. This indicates the critical importance of the velocity sensing when attempting to track trajectories that push the envelope of the system's torque capabilities. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Driessen, BJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 0-7803-5520-2 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2000 BP 1998 EP 2002 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BR32L UT WOS:000166106200410 ER PT S AU Driessen, BJ Sadegh, N AF Driessen, BJ Sadegh, N GP AACC AACC AACC TI Minimum-time trajectory tracking of an under-actuated system SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2000 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-6 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2000 American Control Conference (ACC 2000) CY JUN 28-30, 2000 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Automat Control Council, IFAC, US Natl Member Org, Int Federat Automat Control ID MANIPULATOR AB Minimum-time trajectory tracking of an under-actuated mechanical system called the Acrobot is presented. The success of the controller is demonstrated by the fact that the tracking error is reduced by more than an order of magnitude when compared to the open-loop system response. The control law is obtained by linearizing the system about the nominal trajectory and applying differential dynamic programming to the resulting linear time-varying system, while using a weighted sum of the state-deviation and input-deviation as the cost function. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Driessen, BJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 0-7803-5520-2 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2000 BP 2834 EP 2838 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BR32L UT WOS:000166106200582 ER PT S AU Driessen, BJ AF Driessen, BJ GP AACC AACC AACC TI On-off minimum-time control with limited fuel usage: Near global optima via linear programming SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2000 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-6 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2000 American Control Conference (ACC 2000) CY JUN 28-30, 2000 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Automat Control Council, IFAC, US Natl Member Org, Int Federat Automat Control ID CONSTRAINTS; FEEDBACK AB A method for finding a global optimum to the on-off minimum-time control problem with limited fuel usage is presented. Each control can take on only three possible values: maximum, zero, or minimum. The simplex method for linear systems naturally yields nearly such a solution for the reformulation presented herein because it always produces an extreme point solution to the linear program. Numerical examples for the benchmark linear flexible system are presented. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Driessen, BJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 0-7803-5520-2 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2000 BP 3875 EP 3877 PG 3 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BR32L UT WOS:000166106200796 ER PT S AU Chambers, DM Grace, LI AF Chambers, DM Grace, LI GP IEEE IEEE TI Ion storage techniques and time-of-flight mass spectrometry in physical forensic science SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2000 IEEE/EIA INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM & EXHIBITION SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition CY JUN 07-09, 2000 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP IEEE, Ultrason, Ferroelect, & Frequency Control Soc, EIA Electr Components Assemblies & Mat Assoc C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Forens Sci Ctr, Livermore, CA USA. RP Chambers, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Forens Sci Ctr, Livermore, CA USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 0-7803-5839-2 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2000 BP 34 EP 39 DI 10.1109/FREQ.2000.887326 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science; Physics GA BR19M UT WOS:000165838900005 ER PT B AU Driessen, BJ Sadegh, N Kwok, KS AF Driessen, BJ Sadegh, N Kwok, KS GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI A robust line search for underdetermined learning control SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2000 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint 2000 Conference on Control Applications and Computer-Aided Control Systems Design Symposium CY SEP 25-27, 2000 CL ANCHORAGE, AK SP IEEE Control Syst Soc, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, European Union Control Assoc, Soc Instrument & Control Engineers ID ROBOTS AB In this paper a new line search for a Newton Rhaphson learning control algorithm is presented. Theorems and rigorous proofs of its increased robustness over existing line searches are provided, and numerical examples are used to further validate the theorems. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Struct Dynam Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Driessen, BJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Struct Dynam Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-6563-1 PY 2000 BP 647 EP 652 DI 10.1109/CCA.2000.897503 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics GA BR49F UT WOS:000166634800110 ER PT B AU Dudenhoeffer, DD Jones, MP AF Dudenhoeffer, DD Jones, MP BE Joines, JA Barton, RR Kang, K Fishwick, PA TI A formation behavior for large-scale micro-robot force deployment SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2000 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2000 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC '00) CY DEC 10-13, 2000 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Amer Stat Assoc, IEEE, Comp Soc, IEEE, Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Coll Simulat, NIST, Soc Comp Simulat Int AB Micro-robots will soon be available for deployment by the thousands. Consequently, controlling and coordinating a force this large to accomplish a prescribed task is of great interest. This paper describes a flexible architecture for modeling thousands of autonomous agents simultaneously. The agents' behavior is based on a subsumption architecture in which individual behaviors are prioritized with respect to all others. The primary behavior explored in this work is a group formation behavior based on social potential fields (Reif and Wang 1999). This paper extends the social potential field model by introducing a neutral zone within which other behaviors may exhibit themselves. Previous work with social potential fields has been restricted to models of "perfect" autonomous agents. The paper evaluates the effect of social potential fields in the presence of agent death (failure) and imperfect sensory input. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Human Syst Simulat Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Dudenhoeffer, DD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Human Syst Simulat Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-6580-1 PY 2000 BP 972 EP 982 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BR62V UT WOS:000166981000128 ER PT B AU Trone, J Guerin, A Clay, AD AF Trone, J Guerin, A Clay, AD BE Joines, JA Barton, RR Kang, K Fishwick, PA TI Simulation of waste processing, transportation, and disposal operations SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2000 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2000 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC '00) CY DEC 10-13, 2000 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Amer Stat Assoc, IEEE, Comp Soc, IEEE, Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Coll Simulat, NIST, Soc Comp Simulat Int AB In response to the accelerated cleanup goals of the Department of Energy, Sandia National Laboratory (Sandia) has developed and utilized a number of simulation models to represent the processing, transportation, and disposal of radioactive waste. Sandia, in conjunction with Simulation Dynamics, has developed a Supply Chain model of the cradle to grave management of radioactive waste. Sandia has used this model to assist the Department of Energy in developing a cost effective, regulatory compliant and efficient approach to dispose of waste from 25 sites across the country over the next 35 years. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. RP Trone, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 4100 Natl Pk Hwy, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-6580-1 PY 2000 BP 1085 EP 1089 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BR62V UT WOS:000166981000143 ER PT B AU Barnard, CJ Van Haaften, DH AF Barnard, CJ Van Haaften, DH BE Joines, JA Barton, RR Kang, K Fishwick, PA TI Simulation model for shipment of waste to the waste isolation pilot plant SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2000 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2000 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC '00) CY DEC 10-13, 2000 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Amer Stat Assoc, IEEE, Comp Soc, IEEE, Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Coll Simulat, NIST, Soc Comp Simulat Int AB The United States Department of Energy has agreed to ship 15,000 drums of cold war legacy waste from the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). This waste must undergo characterization and certification prior to shipment. The processes required to characterize and certify waste for shipment to WIPP are extremely complex. A simulation model was developed to analyze drum throughput in these various processes. Inputs to the model include process start and stop dates, machine upgrade dates, process times, and process rejection rates. Outputs include machine utilization, buffer storage statistics, truckloads shipped per month, drums shipped per month, and drum inventory by facility. The simulation model continues to facilitate the INEEL strategic and tactical planning needed to accomplish the agreement within the required time frame. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Barnard, CJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-6580-1 PY 2000 BP 1101 EP 1106 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BR62V UT WOS:000166981000146 ER PT S AU Ipe, NE Roesler, S Jiang, SB Ma, CM AF Ipe, NE Roesler, S Jiang, SB Ma, CM BE Enderle, JD TI Neutron measurements for intensity modulated radiation therapy SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 22ND ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY, VOLS 1-4 SE PROCEEDINGS OF ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE-Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society CY JUL 23-28, 2000 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc, Amer Assoc Physicists Med, Amer Inst Med & Biol Engn, Int Union Phys & Engn Sci Med, Int Federat Med & Biol Engn, Int Org Med Phys DE IMRT; MLC; neutron; dose ID MEDICAL ACCELERATOR AB The beam-on time for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is increased significantly compared with conventional radiotherapy treatments, Further, the presence of beam modulation devices may potentially affect neutron production, Therefore, neutron measurements were performed for 15 MV photon beams on a Varian Clinac accelerator to determine the impact of IMRT an neutron dose equivalent to the patient. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Dept Radiat Phys, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. RP Ipe, NE (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Dept Radiat Phys, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1094-687X BN 0-7803-6466-X J9 P ANN INT IEEE EMBS PY 2000 VL 22 BP 3234 EP 3237 PN 1-4 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BR59S UT WOS:000166896300904 ER PT B AU Mausner, LF Kolsky, KL Joshi, V Sweet, MP Meinken, GE Srivastava, SC AF Mausner, LF Kolsky, KL Joshi, V Sweet, MP Meinken, GE Srivastava, SC BE Stevenson, NR TI Scandium-47: A replacement for Cu-67 in nuclear medicine therapy with beta/gamma emitters SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ISOTOPES: ISOTOPE PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Isotopes (3ICI) CY SEP 06-10, 1999 CL TRIUMF, VANCOUVER, CANADA SP MDS Nordion Inc, Atom Energy Corp S Africa, Inst Natl Radioelements, Informat Sci & Technol Agcy British Colombia, Trace Sci Int, Chemgas, Reviss Serv (UK) Ltd, Isoflex, TRIUMF, Int Isotope Soc, Canadian Chapter HO TRIUMF AB Cu-67, initially developed at BNL, is an excellent square/square therapeutic label. However, its availability has been limited. Because of its very similar nuclear properties, we are proposing Sc-47 (t 1/2 3.35d; beta (max) 141 keV, 68%, 601 keV, 32%Y 159 keV, 68%) as a replacement for Cu-67. Sc-47 was produced using the (TiO2)-Ti-47 (n,p)(47) Sc fast neutron reaction (saturation yield at HFBR 25MBq/mg of target). Radiochemical processing utilized two cation exchange columns. Sc-47 was labeled to anti-CEA F(ab')(2) MAB with four chelating agents: 4- isothiocyanatocyclohexyl EDTA (4-ICE): mono-NHS ester of DOTA (DOTA-NHS)I 2-(pSCN-Bz)-6 methyl DTPA (1B4MDTPA): and the conventional DTPA dianhydride (DTP-ADA). Labeling yields were between 75-95%, and stability in serum (96 h) was >95% for all preparations, except for DTPA-DA(83%). Immunoreactivity ranged between 70-80%. These preparations were administered i. v. into human tumor (LS-174T cells) xenografted nude mice to study biodistribution (% ID per g). 4-ICE, DOTA-HS and 1B4M-DTPA all showed high tumor uptake at 48 h (32.2, 34.7, 27.9). Kidney uptake of 4-ICE was higher than DOTA-NHS or 1B4MDTPA (15.4, 7.0, 7.0) but the uptake into liver was higher for DOTA-NHS than 4-ICE or 1 B4MDTPA (9.4, 5.8, 5.6). The DTPA-DA conjugate gave poor tumor uptake (12.4), and high kidney (14.8) and liver (17.1) uptakes. Work done under US DOE. Contract #DE-AC02-98CH10886. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mausner, LF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4200-X PY 2000 BP 43 EP 45 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BR60P UT WOS:000166934500009 ER PT B AU Carty, JS AF Carty, JS BE Stevenson, NR TI The future of stable isotopes at the US Department of Energy SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ISOTOPES: ISOTOPE PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Isotopes (3ICI) CY SEP 06-10, 1999 CL TRIUMF, VANCOUVER, CANADA SP MDS Nordion Inc, Atom Energy Corp S Africa, Inst Natl Radioelements, Informat Sci & Technol Agcy British Colombia, Trace Sci Int, Chemgas, Reviss Serv (UK) Ltd, Isoflex, TRIUMF, Int Isotope Soc, Canadian Chapter HO TRIUMF C1 US DOE, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. RP Carty, JS (reprint author), US DOE, 19901 Germantown Rd, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4200-X PY 2000 BP 129 EP 132 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BR60P UT WOS:000166934500030 ER PT B AU Garland, MA Schenter, RE Talbert, RJ Mashnik, SG Wilson, WB AF Garland, MA Schenter, RE Talbert, RJ Mashnik, SG Wilson, WB BE Stevenson, NR TI Nuclear data requirements for the production of medical isotopes in fission reactors and particle accelerators SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ISOTOPES: ISOTOPE PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Isotopes (3ICI) CY SEP 06-10, 1999 CL TRIUMF, VANCOUVER, CANADA SP MDS Nordion Inc, Atom Energy Corp S Africa, Inst Natl Radioelements, Informat Sci & Technol Agcy British Colombia, Trace Sci Int, Chemgas, Reviss Serv (UK) Ltd, Isoflex, TRIUMF, Int Isotope Soc, Canadian Chapter HO TRIUMF AB Simulations of isotope-production irradiations of targets in the radiation environments of fission reactors or particle accelerators require the evaluation of proton and/or neutron particle fluxes within the target and the integration of these with appropriate cross-section data. In fission reactors, proton fluxes are typically considered negligible and the approach reduces to neutron reactions at energies below the upper extents of the fission spectrum at which neutrons are born - 10 to 15 MeV. In particle accelerator target simulations, the secondary neutron flux can provide considerable production and/or collateral target activation. Where target and product nuclides are separated in Z and A. the relative contributions of neutron and proton reactions may not be apparent. Through decades of effort in nuclear data development and simulations of reactor neutronics and accelerator transmutation, a collection of reaction data Is continuing to evolve with the potential of direct applications to the production of medical isotopes. At Los Alamos the CINDER'90 code and library have been developed for nuclide inventory calculations using neutron-reaction (En less than or equal to 20 MeV) and/or decay data for 3400 nuclides; coupled with the LAHET Code System (LCS), irradiations in neutron and proton environments below a few GeV are tractable; additional work with the European Activation File, the HMS-ALICE code and the reaction models of MC-NPX (CEM95, BERTINI, or ISABEL with or without preequilibbrium, evaporation and fission) have been used to produce evaluated reaction data for neutrons and protons to 1.7 GeV. At the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, efforts have focused on production of medical isotopes and the identification of available neutron reaction data from results of integral measurements. C1 Pacific NW Natl Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Garland, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4200-X PY 2000 BP 184 EP 189 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BR60P UT WOS:000166934500043 ER PT B AU Phillips, DR Kudela, RM Hamilton, VT Brzezinski, MA AF Phillips, DR Kudela, RM Hamilton, VT Brzezinski, MA BE Stevenson, NR TI Silicon-32: Diatoms, the silicon cycle, and the climate SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ISOTOPES: ISOTOPE PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Isotopes (3ICI) CY SEP 06-10, 1999 CL TRIUMF, VANCOUVER, CANADA SP MDS Nordion Inc, Atom Energy Corp S Africa, Inst Natl Radioelements, Informat Sci & Technol Agcy British Colombia, Trace Sci Int, Chemgas, Reviss Serv (UK) Ltd, Isoflex, TRIUMF, Int Isotope Soc, Canadian Chapter HO TRIUMF ID TRACER; SI-32 AB Silicon-29 and Si-30, both stable isotopes, have been used as tracers in mass spectrometric studies of the role of diatoms in the silicon cycle and their impact on the global climate as photosynthesizing phytoplankton. The methods used for the studies require substantial chemical manipulation in sample preparation, and significant skill to produce high quality data. Therefore the amount of data generated is relatively limited. We have produced high specific activity radioactive Si-32 and developed straight-forward radioanalytical methods for the study of biogeochemical cycles. We will discuss the relative merits of the mass spectrometric methods and the radioanalytical techniques, and we will summarize results from diatom studies done with Si-32. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Radioisotope Res Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Phillips, DR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Radioisotope Res Grp, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4200-X PY 2000 BP 193 EP 196 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BR60P UT WOS:000166934500044 ER PT B AU Kolsky, KL Hunter, DH Mausner, LF Hamilton, VT Jamriska, DJ Phillips, DR AF Kolsky, KL Hunter, DH Mausner, LF Hamilton, VT Jamriska, DJ Phillips, DR BE Stevenson, NR TI Recovery of Ge-68 from target cooling water SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ISOTOPES: ISOTOPE PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Isotopes (3ICI) CY SEP 06-10, 1999 CL TRIUMF, VANCOUVER, CANADA SP MDS Nordion Inc, Atom Energy Corp S Africa, Inst Natl Radioelements, Informat Sci & Technol Agcy British Colombia, Trace Sci Int, Chemgas, Reviss Serv (UK) Ltd, Isoflex, TRIUMF, Int Isotope Soc, Canadian Chapter HO TRIUMF AB During the 1998 production cycle at the Brookhaven Linac Isotope Producer (BLIP), two Ge-68 targets developed unrelated failures that resulted in the release of over 16 GBq of Ge-68 to the target cooling water. A method was developed to recover this valuable isotope by pumping the entire cooling water volume (similar to 1100 L) over an Alumina-N column. Ge-68 was then removed from the column by distillation into a water trap and the activity was concentrated by solvent extraction. Work supported by USDOE under Contract #DE-AC0298CH10886 (BNL) and Contract #W-7405-ENG-36 (LANL). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kolsky, KL (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4200-X PY 2000 BP 338 EP 339 PG 2 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BR60P UT WOS:000166934500079 ER PT B AU Mausner, LF Schnakenberg, H Kolsky, KL Srivastava, SC AF Mausner, LF Schnakenberg, H Kolsky, KL Srivastava, SC BE Stevenson, NR TI Xenon-127 revisited SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ISOTOPES: ISOTOPE PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Isotopes (3ICI) CY SEP 06-10, 1999 CL TRIUMF, VANCOUVER, CANADA SP MDS Nordion Inc, Atom Energy Corp S Africa, Inst Natl Radioelements, Informat Sci & Technol Agcy British Colombia, Trace Sci Int, Chemgas, Reviss Serv (UK) Ltd, Isoflex, TRIUMF, Int Isotope Soc, Canadian Chapter HO TRIUMF AB Xe-127 [t(1/2) =36.3 d, E gamma =202.9keV (68%), 172.1keV (25%)] was originally developed at BNL in 1973 for lung ventilation imaging. It offers the advantages of less radiation dose to the patient, and better resolution images than Xe-133. Due to various reasons demand declined substantially in the early 1990s and BNL production ceased in 1993. However, a recent surge of interest in using Xe-127 for absolute cerebral brain blood flow measurement and imaging has encouraged us to provide this isotope once again. New features of its production include thinner targets, which allow higher incident beam current, and with two thin diaphragms at the periphery for needle puncture. We now extract the xenon gas by puncturing the target can while maintaining a gas seal, dissolving the salt with flowing water, and then purge the water of xenon with a helium flow, This contrasts with the original method, which melted the target CsCl salt and flowed helium across the molten surface. The aqueous system is more efficient and safer for hot cell use. Distribution of Xe-127 to the nuclear medicine community is anticipated to begin in March of 2000. Work supported by USDOE under Contract #DE-AC02-98CH10886. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mausner, LF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4200-X PY 2000 BP 340 EP 342 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BR60P UT WOS:000166934500080 ER PT B AU Wilson, WB England, TR Schenter, RE AF Wilson, WB England, TR Schenter, RE BE Stevenson, NR TI DANDER2 for simulations of neutron activation and shielding of neutrons and activation gamma s in irradiation geometries SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ISOTOPES: ISOTOPE PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Isotopes (3ICI) CY SEP 06-10, 1999 CL TRIUMF, VANCOUVER, CANADA SP MDS Nordion Inc, Atom Energy Corp S Africa, Inst Natl Radioelements, Informat Sci & Technol Agcy British Colombia, Trace Sci Int, Chemgas, Reviss Serv (UK) Ltd, Isoflex, TRIUMF, Int Isotope Soc, Canadian Chapter HO TRIUMF AB DANDER2 is a script linking of the popular DANT discrete-ordinates (Sn) multigroup neutron and gamma transport code with the CINDER'90 transmutation inventory code. DANDER2 is used to describe the spatial transport of neutrons from a neutron source, the activation of the target and other materials of the geometry in the spatial neutron flux, formation of aggregate spatial decay gamma sources at each discrete time during and following an irradiation, the transport of gammas from the temporal source throughout the geometry, and resolution of the spatial, temporal dose-equivalent rate. DANDER2 has been useful for surveys of irradiation histories, materials, and dimensions defining parameters for use in more detailed and time-consuming Monte-Carlo studies. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wilson, WB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4200-X PY 2000 BP 364 EP 368 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BR60P UT WOS:000166934500090 ER PT B AU Klein, JA Knapp, FF Du, M Mirzadeh, S Beets, AL AF Klein, JA Knapp, FF Du, M Mirzadeh, S Beets, AL BE Stevenson, NR TI Production of tungsten-188 at Oak Ridge National Laboratory SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ISOTOPES: ISOTOPE PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Isotopes (3ICI) CY SEP 06-10, 1999 CL TRIUMF, VANCOUVER, CANADA SP MDS Nordion Inc, Atom Energy Corp S Africa, Inst Natl Radioelements, Informat Sci & Technol Agcy British Colombia, Trace Sci Int, Chemgas, Reviss Serv (UK) Ltd, Isoflex, TRIUMF, Int Isotope Soc, Canadian Chapter HO TRIUMF AB Rhenium-188 (Re-188) shows great promise as a versatile, therapeutic radioisotope for a variety of applications including tumor therapy, the palliative treatment of intractable bone pain resulting from metastasis to the skeleton, the inhibition of restenosis of the arteries following high-pressure balloon angioplasty, tumor therapy with peptides and antibodies, and the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis of the synovial joints. The tungsten-188 (W-188) parent is produced by the irradiation of enriched W-186 oxide targets in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR). The HFIR has one of the highest thermal fluxes in the world and is therefore unique in its ability to produce W-188. To optimize W-188 production, the use of solid metallic W-186 is being evaluated, since the target density can be substantially increased. Pressed and sintered metallic targets have been prepared, irradiated for a full cycle in the HFIR at a flux of 1 2 x 10(15) neutrons/cm(2)/s, successfully processed, and analyzed. Production yields of 3.2 mCi/mg have been achieved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Isotope Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Klein, JA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Isotope Program, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4200-X PY 2000 BP 454 EP 457 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BR60P UT WOS:000166934500112 ER PT B AU Pillay, KKS AF Pillay, KKS BE Stevenson, NR TI "Excess" nuclear materials hold keys to nuclear medicine, research, and space power SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ISOTOPES: ISOTOPE PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Isotopes (3ICI) CY SEP 06-10, 1999 CL TRIUMF, VANCOUVER, CANADA SP MDS Nordion Inc, Atom Energy Corp S Africa, Inst Natl Radioelements, Informat Sci & Technol Agcy British Colombia, Trace Sci Int, Chemgas, Reviss Serv (UK) Ltd, Isoflex, TRIUMF, Int Isotope Soc, Canadian Chapter HO TRIUMF AB The U.S. weapons complex at one time had the only facilities and resources in the free world to produce some of the uncommon and uniquely valuable nuclear materials. Those facilities are being eliminated altogether in the name of "mortgage reduction." Since there is no chance that such facilities will be rebuilt in the foreseeable future, it is appropriate to consider saving some of the unique resources they produced as "national treasures" for the future. The scientific community has an opportunity to participate in a thoughtful process of planning to preserve some of the valuable materials within the DOE complex for the future. The "excess materials" now within the DOE complex are invaluable resources that should be preserved for the future of medicine. research, and space exploration. The investments required to stabilize and store these valuable resources are minuscule compared to investments already made to create them. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pillay, KKS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4200-X PY 2000 BP 465 EP 470 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BR60P UT WOS:000166934500114 ER PT S AU Anderl, RA Scaffidi-Argentina, F Davydov, D Pawelko, RJ Smolik, GR AF Anderl, RA Scaffidi-Argentina, F Davydov, D Pawelko, RJ Smolik, GR BE ScaffidiArgentina, F TI Steam chemical reactivity of Be pebbles and Be powder SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH IEA INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON BERYLLIUM TECHNOLOGY FOR FUSION SE FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE - TECHNIK UND UMWELT, WISSENSCHAFTLICHE BERICHTE (FZKA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEA International Workshop on Beryllium Technology for Fusion CY SEP 15-17, 1999 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP Int Energy Agcy, Implementing Agreement Program Res & Dev Fus Mat ID BERYLLIUM AB This paper reports the results of chemical reactivity experiments for Be pebbles (2-mm and 0.2-mm diameter) and Be powder (14-31 mum diameter) exposed to steam at elevated temperatures, 350 to 900 degreesC for pebbles and 400 to 500 degreesC for powders. We measured BET specific surface areas of 0.12 m(2)/g for 2-mm pebbles, 0.24 m(2)/g for 0.2-mm pebbles and 0.66 to 1.21 m(2)/g for Be powder samples. These experiments showed a complex reactivity behavior for the material, dependent primarily on the test temperature. Average H-2 generation rates for powder samples, based on measured BET surface areas, were in good agreement with previous measurements for fully-dense CPM-Be. Rates for the Be pebbles, based on measured BET surface areas, were systematically lower than the CPM-Be rates, possibly because of different surface and bulk features for the pebbles, especially surface-layer impurities, that contribute to the measured BET surface area and influence the oxidation process at the material surface. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Anderl, RA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE TECHNIK & UMWELT PI KARLSRUHE PA POSTFACH 3640, D-76021 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SN 0947-8620 J9 FZKA TECH UMW WIS B PY 2000 VL 6462 BP 62 EP 69 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR23F UT WOS:000165923200010 ER PT S AU Castro, RG Hollis, KJ Maggiore, CJ Doerner, RP Ayala, A Bartram, BD AF Castro, RG Hollis, KJ Maggiore, CJ Doerner, RP Ayala, A Bartram, BD BE ScaffidiArgentina, F TI Negative transferred arc cleaning: a method for roughening and removing surface contamination from beryllium and other metallic surfaces SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH IEA INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON BERYLLIUM TECHNOLOGY FOR FUSION SE FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE - TECHNIK UND UMWELT, WISSENSCHAFTLICHE BERICHTE (FZKA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEA International Workshop on Beryllium Technology for Fusion CY SEP 15-17, 1999 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP Int Energy Agcy, Implementing Agreement Program Res & Dev Fus Mat ID GRAPHITE; HYDROGEN; TRITIUM; EROSION AB TA cleaning has been investigated for preparing the surface of beryllium plasma facing components (PFC's) inside of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) prior to depositing beryllium by plasma spraying. Plasma spraying of beryllium was evaluated during the ITER Engineering Design Activity (EDA) for in-situ repair and initial fabrication of the beryllium first wall armor. Results have shown that surface roughening of beryllium, during the TA cleaning process, can result in bond strengths greater than 100 MPa between beryllium surfaces and plasma sprayed beryllium. In addition, the TA cleaning process was shown to be an effective method for removing contaminate layers of carbon and tungsten from the surface of beryllium. Investigations have been performed to characterize the different arc-types that occur during the TA cleaning process (Type I, I and III arcs) and the effectiveness of the TA cleaning process for potentially removing co-deposited layers of carbon and deuterium from the surface of beryllium, stainless steel and tungsten. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Castro, RG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE TECHNIK & UMWELT PI KARLSRUHE PA POSTFACH 3640, D-76021 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SN 0947-8620 J9 FZKA TECH UMW WIS B PY 2000 VL 6462 BP 301 EP 307 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR23F UT WOS:000165923200038 ER PT S AU Longhurst, GR Anderl, RA Willms, RS AF Longhurst, GR Anderl, RA Willms, RS BE ScaffidiArgentina, F TI Tritium loss in molten flibe systems SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH IEA INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON BERYLLIUM TECHNOLOGY FOR FUSION SE FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE - TECHNIK UND UMWELT, WISSENSCHAFTLICHE BERICHTE (FZKA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEA International Workshop on Beryllium Technology for Fusion CY SEP 15-17, 1999 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP Int Energy Agcy, Implementing Agreement Program Res & Dev Fus Mat ID SALT AB An emerging issue relative to beryllium technology in fusion involves tritium interactions with molten beryllium-bearing salts. Innovative designs for fusion reactors, both magnetic and inertially confined, feature the molten salt mixture 2LiF . BeF2, commonly called Flibe, as a tritium breeder and coolant. Tritium is bred in the Flibe as neutrons from the plasma are absorbed by Li atoms, which then transmute to tritium and helium. Transmutation of tritium from Be also occurs. Among the issues to be resolved for such coolant systems is the potential loss of tritium from the Flibe coolant to the walls of the system, particularly through heat exchanger tubes, and from there into secondary coolants or working fluids and the environment. Effectively removing tritium from Flibe in clean-up units is also important. In quiescent or low Reynolds number flow, tritium movement through Flibe is governed by diffusion. For Flibe in turbulent flow, as in heat exchanger tubes, transport is by turbulent mixing, and the same flow conditions and structural design features that maximize heat transfer to the heat exchanger walls will enhance the transport of tritium to those same surfaces. Analyses have been performed to estimate the fractional loss of tritium through heat exchanger tubes and release rates from Flibe droplets in vacuum disengagers in molten Flibe systems. The calculations suggest unacceptably large losses of tritium through heat exchanger tubes. The gravity of the implications of these estimates calls for experimental verification to determine if tritium losses through molten Flibe heat exchangers or other Flibe systems can really be so high and whether vacuum disengagers will really work. There is also a need for better information on evolution of tritium from Flibe droplets in a vacuum. Several experiments are presently being planned to address these issues and are discussed. These include experiments to induce tritium in Flibe using spontaneous fission neutrons, experiments in flowing loops to evaluated tritium losses through heat exchanger walls, and exploration of schemes for tritium extraction from molten Flibe. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Longhurst, GR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE TECHNIK & UMWELT PI KARLSRUHE PA POSTFACH 3640, D-76021 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SN 0947-8620 J9 FZKA TECH UMW WIS B PY 2000 VL 6462 BP 317 EP 330 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR23F UT WOS:000165923200040 ER PT B AU Betts, RR AF Betts, RR BE Korolija, M Basrak, Z Caplar, R TI Forty years of nuclear molecules SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTERING ASPECTS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Clustering Aspects of Nuclear Structure and Dynamics CY JUN 14-19, 1999 CL RAB, CROATIA SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Minist Sci 7 Technol Republic Croatia, Ruder Boskovic Inst, Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules, Ctr Calcul ID INELASTIC-SCATTERING; INTERMEDIATE STRUCTURE; RESONANCES; STATES; MG-24; FISSION; SYSTEM; C-12 C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 61439 USA. RP Betts, RR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 61439 USA. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4233-6 PY 2000 BP 109 EP 116 PG 4 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BR98C UT WOS:000168251300012 ER PT B AU Moretto, LG Beaulieu, L Phair, L Wozniak, GJ AF Moretto, LG Beaulieu, L Phair, L Wozniak, GJ BE Korolija, M Basrak, Z Caplar, R TI Statistical exploration of fragmentation phase space in nuclear multifragmentation SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTERING ASPECTS OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Clustering Aspects of Nuclear Structure and Dynamics CY JUN 14-19, 1999 CL RAB, CROATIA SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Minist Sci 7 Technol Republic Croatia, Ruder Boskovic Inst, Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules, Ctr Calcul ID REDUCIBILITY; EMISSION C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Moretto, LG (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4233-6 PY 2000 BP 302 EP 310 PG 3 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BR98C UT WOS:000168251300046 ER PT B AU Mookerjee, G AF Mookerjee, G BE Dawkins, P TI Opportunities and challenges for High Voltage Direct Current (dc) electrical system - In the light of deregulation, summer power outages, power marketeers, and demand for reliable electric power SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN POWER CONFERENCE, VOL 62 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 62nd Annual Meeting of the American Power Conference CY APR 10-12, 2000 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Illinois Inst Technol, Amer Power Conf AB The new technical development in electric power industry in the last two decades is direct current transmission. From early 1950s to present time, several High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission links and AC-DC-AC connector tie lines have gone into commercial operation in North American Continent and various parts of the world. During this period transmission line voltage has increased from 100 to 800 Kilovolts (kV); the rated power, from 20 to approximately 2000 Megawatts (MW); and transmission distance from 60 to 900 miles. In the concept of HVDC transmission link the power is taken from an alternating current (AC) network and converted to direct current (DC) in a converter station by a "rectifier bank" and transmitted over a line or a submarine cable through a distance and then converted back to AC again in another converter station by an "inverter bank" before it is transmitted into the AC network. The AC-DC-AC connector tie lines are increasingly used to interconnect AC asynchronous networks, which could not be possible otherwise. The reason HVDC transmission is chosen over its counterpart of high voltage AC is due to lower line costs, lower losses, smaller transmission tower, lower right of way area, better control mechanism, advantages of asynchronous connection of AC-DC-AC tie line between various AC networks, etc. It could be possible in near future that HVDC transmission links and AC-DC-AC tie lines could provide stability between regional, national, and continental electricity grid networks. HVDC has an exciting future in terms of technology, economy and environment. C1 US DOE, Off Sci & Technol Policy Anal, Off Policy, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Mookerjee, G (reprint author), US DOE, Off Sci & Technol Policy Anal, Off Policy, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER POWER CONFERENCE ILLINOIS INST TECHNOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA CHICAGO, IL 60616 USA PY 2000 BP 177 EP 182 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BQ29J UT WOS:000087841900032 ER PT J AU Bell, JB Brown, NJ Day, MS Frenklach, M Grcar, JF Propp, RM Tonse, SR Wagner, A AF Bell, JB Brown, NJ Day, MS Frenklach, M Grcar, JF Propp, RM Tonse, SR Wagner, A TI Scaling and efficiency of prism in adaptive simulations of turbulent premixed flames SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID CHEMICAL-KINETICS; MECHANISMS; CHEMISTRY; IMPLEMENTATION; COMBUSTION; TABULATION; FLOWS AB The dominant computational cost in modeling turbulent combustion phenomena numerically with high-fidelity chemical mechanisms is the time required to solve the ordinary differential equations associated with chemical kinetics. One technique applied toward reducing computational cost develops an inexpensive surrogate model that accurately represents the evolution of chemical kinetics. One such approach, PRISM, constructs a polynomial representation of the chemistry evolution in a local region of chemical composition space, to be stored for later use. Within this region the representation provides a good approximation to the kinetics. As the computation proceeds, the chemistry evolution for other points within the same region are computed by evaluating the polynomials instead of calling an ordindary differential equation solver. If chemistry evolution is required for a region for which a polynomial has not been defined, the methodology dynamically samples that region and constructs a new representation for it. In this paper, we assess the PRISM methodology in the context of a turbulent premixed flame in two dimensions. The practicality is influenced by the size and number of regions necessary to model the subset of composition space that is active during a simulation. the number required grows with decreasing size in a manner that scales expotentially with the dimensionality of active composition space. We considered a range of turbulent intensities, ranging from weak turbulence that had little effect on the flame to strong turbulence that tore pockets of burning fluid from the main flame, for each case we explored the scaling behavior as a function of region size and turbulent intensity. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Bell, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 107 EP 113 PN 1 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900016 ER PT J AU Chen, JH Im, HG AF Chen, JH Im, HG TI Stretch effects on the burning velocity of turbulent premixed hydrogen/air flames SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID MARKSTEIN NUMBERS; LARGE-SCALE; SIMULATIONS; CURVATURE; DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS; FLOWS AB Unsteady stretch effects on the laminar burning velocity of unsteady premixed hydrogen/air flames are studied using two-dimensional direct numerical simulation (DNS) with detailed chemical kinetics and transport. Preferential diffusion-unsteady stretch interactions are studied by varying the fuel mass equivalence ratio from fuel-lean to fuel-rich conditions. The correlation of the burning velocity with strain, curvature, and stretch is determined along with other flame propagation statistics. Different definitions of the burning velocity are compared. It is found that definitions based on heat release and fuel consumption lead to different correlations of burning velocity with curvature far some fuel-lean conditions. For fuel-lean and fuel-rich conditions corresponding to unstable and stable mixtures. classical diffusive-thermal effects are recovered in correlations of burning velocity with strain and curvature. It is also observed that the theory for flame propagation in the limit of weak stretch is more widely applicable to turbulent stretch conditions. As such, the strain contribution to the Markstein number is computed from the DNS data and compared against experimental and numerical counterflow data. Good agreement between all three approaches is found in terms of the crossover value of the equivalence ratio from negative to positive Markstein numbers and for fuel-lean stoichiometries. It is found from DNS that strong stretch-preferential diffusion interactions exist in the turbulent flame, with computed Markstein numbers varying between - 5.34 and 2.85 and area-weighted mean burning velocities as high as 2.43 times the laminar velocity. It is further observed that over a wide range of mixture stoichiometries, as the ratio of the characteristic turbulence to flame transit time decreases, the flame response to stretch is attenuated, resulting in a marked decrease in Markstein number. This is consistent with linear theory and recent unsteady counterflow computations. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Im, HG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Im, Hong/J-4317-2012 NR 26 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 8 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 211 EP 218 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900028 ER PT J AU Ray, J Najm, HN Milne, RB Devine, KD Kempa, S AF Ray, J Najm, HN Milne, RB Devine, KD Kempa, S TI Triple flame structure and dynamics at the stabilization point of an unsteady lifted jet diffusion flame SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID PROPAGATION AB We present results of a numerical study of a forced lifted laminar two-dimensional jet flame using a single-step irreversible global mechanism with particular emphasis on the structure and dynamics of the flame base. A coupled Lagrangian-Eulerian low Mach number numerical scheme was developed to solve the governing equations. Finite difference discretization was used with adaptive mesh refinement for the scalar conservation equations, while the vortex method was adopted for the momentum equation. The flame base stabilized in a region where the flow velocity was sufficiently small, and there mas adequate premixing of the fuel and oxidizer streams, A triple flame was observed at the flame base and uas studied with respect to its global structure, dynamics. and modulation by an unsteady vortex-generated strain field. We studied the unsteady flow field and heat release rate of the flame base as it was entrained, stretched. and contorted by the passing vortex before returning to the original configuration at the termination of the interaction. We observed stretching of the rich triple flame branch associated with the entrainment and isolation of a pocket of coflow air in the jet. We correlated velocity and strain-rate fluctuations at the flame base with changes in peak heat release rate. Given the size of the triple flame neither the dilatational nor the temperature field were found appropriate for experimental measurement of the triple flame. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Xilinx Corp, San Jose, CA 95124 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ray, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 27 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 219 EP 226 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900029 ER PT J AU Kirby, BJ Hanson, RK AF Kirby, BJ Hanson, RK TI Imaging of CO and CO2 using infrared planar laser-induced fluorescence SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID VT-RATE COEFFICIENTS; VIBRATIONAL-RELAXATION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ENERGY-TRANSFER; DEACTIVATION; GASES; VV; N2 AB Infrared (IR) planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) techniques for imaging of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are reported. These diagnostics employ a tunable IR source to eucite overtone and combination band transitions of CO and CO2, respectively, and one or two InSb focal plane arrays to collect fluorescence emitted via fundamental transitions from excited vibrational states. A brief outline of the theoretical framework for absorption and fluorescence modeling is presented, with most attention paid to die distinct characteristics stemming From the use of vibrational (IR) transitions as compared to more traditional electronic (UV) transitions. Of note are the conclusions that ii acceptable fluorescence quantum yield land therefore signal level) can be achieved despite relatively small Einstein A coefficients. as the quenching processes following IR excitation are often slow; and (2) vibration-to-vibration transfer to other IR-active species can enable imaging of more than one species with a single excitation wavelength. Experimentally the large dynamic range afforded by the IR cameras (14 bit) allows for effective imaging despite the presence of background luminosity, while the use of two cameras enables imaging of multiple species simultaneously and/or common-mode rejection of luminous background in unsteady flows. PLIF imaging of CO and CO2 is demonstrated for room-temperature mixing processes with signal-to-noise ratio = 1 detection limits near 1000 ppm. Imaging of both CO and CO, in a steady laminar coflowing: CO/Ar/ H-2 flame is also presented using laser excitation of CO only. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Bielefeld, D-4800 Bielefeld, Germany. RP Kirby, BJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 29 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 17 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 253 EP 259 PN 1 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900033 ER PT J AU Barlow, RS Miles, PC AF Barlow, RS Miles, PC TI A shutter-based line-imaging system for single-shot Raman scattering measurements of gradients in mixture fraction SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID SCALAR DISSIPATION; DIFFUSION FLAMES; HYDROGEN; COMBUSTION; METHANE AB A line-imaging system is described that uses a high-speed, rotating shutter to reject background luminosity and allow one-dimensional Raman scattering measurements to be obtained without the limitations in dynamic range and signal-to-noise ratio that are associated with image intensifiers. The rotating shutter replaces the entrance slit of an imaging spectrograph. which is combined with a cryogenically cooled, back-illuminated CCD array. This system was developed for the purpose of obtaining simultaneous single-shot measurements of the major species concentrations, the mixture fraction. and the gradients of these scalars along a line in turbulent non-premixed flames including those with simple hydrocarbon fuels. The performance of the shutter-based system was demonstrated through experiments in a laminar jet flame having the same fuel composition (25% CH4 and;75% air) used in previous experiments on piloted jet Rallies. Time-averaged, high-resolution spectra are presented to document the nature of hydrocarbon fluorescence interference in such Rallies. Single-shot measurements are obtained using on-chip binning to form superpixels. a process that minimizes instrument noise. The demonstration experiment made use of f/3.45 collection optics and 450 mJ/pulse of laser energy at 33.7 rim. The precision of the measurement of species concentrations, the mixture fraction, and the radial gradient of mixture fraction in the laminar flame is analyzed in terms of signal-to-noise ratios and standard deviations. This analysis indicates that planned experiments using f/2 optics and approximately 2.6 J/pulse should yield relative standard deviations of the conditional scalar dissipation of roughly 13% at chi (st) = 10 s(-1) and 6% at chi (st) = 160 s(-1). This level of precision will be useful in validating models for conditional scalar dissipation in turbulent non-premixed Rallies. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Barlow, RS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 269 EP 277 PN 1 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900035 ER PT J AU Shepherd, I Gagnepain, L Gokalp, I AF Shepherd, I Gagnepain, L Gokalp, I TI Micro scalar timescales in premixed turbulent combustion SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID FLAMES; MODEL AB Time series measurements of gas density have been obtained in lean (phi = 0.65-0.8) premixed turbulent flames stabilized on a Bunsen-type burner (U-0 = 2.3, 3.5 m/s). Two Eulerian scalar timescales were obtained from spectral analyses of these time series. The first, (T) over cap, characterizes the flame front wrinkling process, describable by random telegraph signal statistics, and the second is a small scalar timescale, tau (D). This was shown to be due to the transitions of the flame fronts as they pass through die probe volume. The ratio between these two Eulerian scales, tau (D)/(T) over cap = 0.4 in the present flames, is a measure of the scale range of scalar fluctuations and is potentially an interesting factor at high turbulent Reynolds numbers when broadening of the preheat zone by turbulent mixing affects this ratio directly by broadening the "dissipation range" in the spectrum. A further timescale, a direct measure of the flame front transit time, was also determined from these data. Estimates of the local mean scalar dissipation were obtained from this data using flamelet assumptions and an interior distribution of the scalar, tested by fitting to numerical simulations of laminar flames. for the local scalar gradients. A simple expression was derived which related the mean scalar dissipation to the burning fraction of the scalar probability density function, gamma, and a chemical time characteristic of the flame front. It was found that the dissipation rate is affected more by the local scalar gradients than by gamma. A dissipation time scale was deduced from this rate and was found to be proportional to the ratio of the scaler integral timescale and the flame transit time. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, EETD, Adv Energy Technol Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CNRS, Lab Combust & Syst Reactifs, F-45071 Orleans 2, France. RP Shepherd, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, EETD, Adv Energy Technol Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 351 EP 358 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900045 ER PT J AU Plessing, T Kortschik, C Peters, N Mansour, MS Cheng, RK AF Plessing, T Kortschik, C Peters, N Mansour, MS Cheng, RK TI Measurements of the turbulent burning velocity and the structure of premixed flames on a low-swirl burner SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID PROPAGATION AB A method has been developed to accurately determine the turbulent burning velocity in planar turbulent premixed flames stabilized by a low swirl. Six lean methane/air flames have been investigated covering the flamelet as well as the thin reaction zones regime. The probability of finding the instantaneous flame front is measured together with the velocity field by combining simultaneously OH-laser-induced predissociative fluorescence with either Rayleigh thermometry or particle image velocimetry (PIV). It is demonstrated that the turbulent flame brush thickness is independent of v'/s(L) and that the turbulent burning velocity agrees with predictions from a model equation for the flame surface area ratio using the level set approach. The measurements of the two-dimensional flowfield show a recirculation zone downstream of the flame stabilization area. This exhibits a comparable flow pattern to stagnation point flames. However, mean strain rates are much lower since the flames stabilize close to the burner exit, and the flame is not influenced by the recirculation zone. A comparison of the root-mean-square velocities obtained from Laser-Doppler Amemometry measurements to those determined by PIV show a good agreement. It can be shown that C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Techn Mech, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Amer Univ Cairo, Dept Mech Engn, Cairo, Egypt. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. RP Plessing, T (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Techn Mech, Templergraben 64, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. NR 17 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 13 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 359 EP 366 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900046 ER PT J AU Zhu, JY Choi, MY Mulholland, GW Gritzo, LA AF Zhu, JY Choi, MY Mulholland, GW Gritzo, LA TI Soot scattering measurements in the visible and near-infrared spectrum SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; MODEL AB Scattering to extinction cross-section ratios, p(se), were measured using the NIST Large Agglomerate Optics Facility for soot produced from ethene and acetylene laminar diffusion flames. Measurements were performed using light sources at 543.5 nm, 632.8 nm, and 856 nm. The average scattering to extinction cross-section ratios for these wavelengths are equal to 0.245, 0.195, and 0.195 for ethene and 0.311, 0.228, and 0.237 for acetvlene. The 856 nm measurements represent the longest wavelength for which accurate scattering measurements have been performed for soot. The size distribution and fractal properties of the two soots were determined to assess the effects of limited acceptance angle range, finite size of the sensor and departure from cosine response on the uncertainty ill the measurement of p(se), The expanded relative uncertainty (95% confidence level) was found to be +/-6% at the two visible wavelengths and +/-8% at 856 nm. Both the magnitude and wavelength dependence of p(se), for the present experiments are significantly different From those reported by Krishman et al. [7] for overfire soot produced using a turbulent flame. The results are compared with the predictions of fractal optics. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Engn Mech, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Engn Mech, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 439 EP 446 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900056 ER PT J AU Frank, JH Barlow, RS Lundquist, C AF Frank, JH Barlow, RS Lundquist, C TI Radiation and nitric oxide formation in turbulent non-premixed jet flames SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID RAYLEIGH-LIF MEASUREMENTS; PILOTED DIFFUSION FLAMES; NONPREMIXED FLAMES; DILUTED METHANE; RAMAN; EXTINCTION AB Radiative heat transfer has a significant effect on nitric oxide (NO) formation in turbulent non-premixed flames. Consequently, predictive models of turbulent non-premixed flames must include an accurate radiation submodel, To investigate the importance of radiation submodels in modeling NO formation, multiscalar measurements of temperature and species were coupled with radiation measurements in a series of turbulent non-premixed jet flames. A range of fuel mixtures were considered including H-2, H-2/He, CO/H-2/N-2, CH4/H-2/N-2, and partially premixed CH4/air. This group of flames represents a range of complexity with regard to NO formation and is currently the subject of multiple modeling efforts. Measurements of radiant fraction, temperature, and NO mass fraction have been compared with previously obtained modeling results for the H-2, H-2/He, and CH4/air flames. The results show that an emission-only radiation submodel is adequate for modeling the hydrogen flames but not the CH4/air flames. In one CH4/air flame, the emission-only computations overpredict the radiant heat loss by a factor of 2.5. A comparison of adiabatic and radiative computations shows that the inclusion of radiative losses can reduce the predicted peak NO levels by as much as 57%. An accurate radiation submodel for hydrocarbon flames must account for radiative absorption. Spectrally resolved radiation calculations show that absorption Ly CO2 near 4.3 mum is primarily responsible for the increased optical density of the hydrocarbon flames. The series of turbulent jet flames considered here contains a range of CO2 levels and provide a basis for developing a realistic radiation model that incorporates absorption by CO2. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Frank, JH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 21 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 7 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 447 EP 454 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900057 ER PT J AU Lee, J Frouzakis, CE Boulouchos, K AF Lee, J Frouzakis, CE Boulouchos, K TI Two-dimensional direct numerical simulation of opposed-jet hydrogen/air flames: Transition from a diffusion to an edge flame SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID TRIPLE-FLAME; NONUNIFORM MIXTURE; PROPAGATION; LAMINAR; SPREAD AB In an opposed-jet diffusion flame experiment, under certain conditions, after the extinction of the diffusion flame, an edge flame can be obtained. This ring-shaped edge flame was first reported in 1959 by Potter and Butler but received little attention. It was reported again recently in a numerical and an experimental work and is responsible for an interesting transition between two distinct burning flames (multiple solutions). Motivated buy our previous numerical results, obtained with simplified kinetics and some recently reported experimental data, we performed direct numerical simulations of this transition to investigate the underlying physical mechanisms. The appearance of an edge flame after the extinction of the diffusion flame, the hysteresis reported in the experiments, and the existence of multiple vigorously burning flames at identical conditions are all captured by our simulations. Our numerical results show that, in the absence of an inert coflow curtain, when the diffusion flame disk is extinguished, an edge flame forms and propagates in the mixing layer. After the formation of this edge flame, even when the applied strain rate is reduced to the initial subcritical value, the diffusion flame disk does not reappear, because the local fluid velocity still exceeds the propagation speed of the edge flame. This hysteresis has significant implications in the common submodel that utilizes the strain rate as a parameter to determine local reignition in flamelet models; it indicates that a subcritical strain rate is not a sufficient condition for the reignition of a diffusion flame. Further investigation of this phenomenon is clearly needed to refine submodels of local estimation and reignition in the flamelet models for turbulent diffusion flames. The opposed-jet configuration provides a convenient platform to analyze edge flames which are stabilized aerodynamic ally in a two-dimensional geometry, thus making matching two-dimensional direct numerical simulations effective. C1 Swiss Fed Inst Technol, ETHZ, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Inst, Combust Res Sect, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, ETHZ, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 801 EP 806 PN 1 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900098 ER PT J AU Berghout, HL Son, SF Asay, BW AF Berghout, HL Son, SF Asay, BW TI Convective burning in gaps of PBX 9501 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH AB Impact or thermal ignition of high explosives results in deformation that carl lead to fracture. Fracture, combined with high pressure, dramatically increases the available surface area and potentially changes the mode of combustion, Recent impact and cook-off experiments on PBX 9501 (HMX, octahpdro-1.3.5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine, with a binder) have shown complex cracking patterns caused by impact or pressurization. Fast reactive waves have been observed to propagate through the cracks at about 500 m/s. We present experiments that investigate the propagation of fast reactive waves in cracks of PBX 9501, focusing on the reactive wave velocity and on the interplay of pressure and crack size. Experiments at initial pressures of 6.0 MPa reveal monotonic reactive wave propagation velocities of around 7 m/s for a 100 mum slot. We observed reactive wave velocities as high as 100 m/s in experiments at initial pressures of 17.2 MPa and various slot widths. Similar experiments at lower pressure exhibit oscillatory reactive wave propagation in the slot with periodic oscillations whose frequencies vary with combustion vessel pressure This is the first reported observation of oscillatory combustion in cracks of an energetic material such as PBX 9501. Threshold pressure experiments for combustion propagation into closed-end slots of PBX 9501 field that combustion propagates into 2 mm, 1 mm, 100 mum, 50 mum, and 25 mum slots at approximately 0.1, 0.2, 0.9, 1.6, and 1.8 MPa, respectively. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Berghout, HL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 911 EP 917 PN 1 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900112 ER PT J AU Son, SF Berghout, HL Bolme, CA Chavez, DE Naud, D Hiskey, MA AF Son, SF Berghout, HL Bolme, CA Chavez, DE Naud, D Hiskey, MA TI Burn rate measurements of HMX, TATB, DHT, DAAF, and BTATz SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH AB In this paper we present new burn rate results for several energetic materials. The burn rates of octahydro- 1,3,5,7-tetranitro- 1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), HMX and estane-based binder (PBX 9501), 1,3.5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB), and TATE and KelF binder (PBX 9502), are reported and compared with existing data. Burn rate data of these common explosives complement and extend existing data sets. Burn rate data of three novel high-nitrogen materials are presented in this work. Specifically, the high-nitrogen monopropellants considered are 3,6-dihydrazino-s-tetrarine (DHT), 4,4 ' -diamiIlo-3,3 ' -azoxyfurazan (DAAF), and 3,6-bis(1H 1,2,3.4-tetrazol-5-amino)-s-tetrazine (BTATz). High-nitrogen compounds may be key to meeting the advanced performance objectives of next-generation solid propellants. High-nitrogen solids offer the possibility of high performance, reduced emissions, and lower plume signature (low temperature and no HCl) than current propellant systems. The theoretical specific impulse is comparable to HMX. In contrast to HMX, however, high-nitrogen materials tend to be insensitive to impact. Because high-nitrogen energetic materials have intrinsically large positive heats of formation and produce low-molecular-weight reaction products, they may be suitable for consideration in high-performance propellant applications. BTATz appears particularly interesting because of its rapid burn rate, relatively low pressure exponent, and high heat of formation. The effect of a small amount of binder is investigated for all but one of these materials. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Son, SF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 11 TC 49 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 19 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 919 EP 924 PN 1 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900113 ER PT J AU Hildenbrand, F Schulz, C Wolfrum, J Keller, F Wagner, E AF Hildenbrand, F Schulz, C Wolfrum, J Keller, F Wagner, E TI Laser diagnostic analysis of no formation in a direct injection diesel engine with pump-line-nozzle and common rail injection systems SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; FLAMES AB Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) imaging was applied to investigate NO formation in a directly injected diesel engine with realistic combustion chamber geometry. The technique, which uses KrF excimer laser excitation, was preciously successfully applied in gasoline engines. Influences of interfering species depending on the spectral range used for LIF detection was investigated by spectrally resolved LIF detection. Laser and signal attenuation were assessed in separate experiments using spectrally resolved O-2-LIF detection with the same optical path as in the imaging measurements. The in-cylinder NO concentration was compared for different injection systems and operating conditions. C1 Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys Chem, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. DaimlerChrysler AG, Stuttgart, Germany. Univ Bremen, ZARM, D-2800 Bremen 33, Germany. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hildenbrand, F (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys Chem, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. RI Schulz, Christof/A-5711-2010 OI Schulz, Christof/0000-0002-6879-4826 NR 13 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1137 EP 1143 PN 1 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900138 ER PT J AU Kelly-Zion, PL Dec, JE AF Kelly-Zion, PL Dec, JE TI A computational study of the effect of fuel type on ignition time in homogeneous charge compression ignition engines SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH AB The homogeneous charge, compression ignition (HCCI) engine has advantages in terms of efficiency and reduced emissions in comparison to conventional internal combustion engines. One of the distinguishing characteristics of;in HCCI engine is that the ignition is controlled by the chemical kinetics, unlike the diesel or spark ignition engines, for which ignition time can be controlled externally by the fuel injection or spark time. As a consequence of being controlled by chemical kinetics, the HCCI ignition time call van significantly with changes in the operating conditions, and this variation can limit the practical range of operation of the engine Using a single-zone combustion model and established reaction rate mechanisms, the influences of the compression ratio, intake temperature. equivalence ratio, engine speed, and exhaust gas recirculation oil the ignition time of two Fuels, normal heptane and iso-octane, were studied. The model simulated the environment ill the engine combustion chamber by assuming adiabatic compression and expansion. The sensitivity of the ignition time to changes ill operating conditions was found to he dependent on the type of fuel. The results indicate that the use of fuels with a characteristic two-stage ignition (e.g., n-heptane) exacerbates the problem of ignition control compared with the use of fuels with a single-stage ignition(e.g., iso-octane). C1 Trinity Univ, San Antonio, TX 78212 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Kelly-Zion, PL (reprint author), Trinity Univ, San Antonio, TX 78212 USA. NR 12 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 8 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1187 EP 1194 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900144 ER PT J AU Flynn, PF Hunter, GL Farrell, L Durrett, RP Akinyemi, O Loye, AOZ Westbrook, CK Pitz, WJ AF Flynn, PF Hunter, GL Farrell, L Durrett, RP Akinyemi, O Loye, AOZ Westbrook, CK Pitz, WJ TI The inevitability of engine-out NOx emissions from spark-ignited and diesel engines SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID OXIDATION; MECHANISM AB Spark-ignition and diesel engine combustion experiments were carried out for fuels including natural gas. propane, and indolene, showing that flame extinction and high unburned hydrocarbon emissions result when in-cylinder combustion temperatures fall below a critical threshold value of approximately 1920 K. Laminar dame calculations were then carried out for methane and propane to relate these experimental limiting temperatures to those associated with lean-limit conditions for flame propagation. Model laminar flame results for pressures above 50 atm produced a lean limit at an equivalence ratio of 0.6, where the adiabatic flame temperature was about 1900 K. These results show that at the elevated pressures of engine combustion, the lean-limit product temperature for these hydrocarbon fuels is considerably higher than that obtained previously for lean-limit flames at atmospheric pressure and that these much higher temperatures will produce significant amounts of NOx. These coupled studies indicate that under conditions of pressure and temperature in both spark-ignition and diesel internal combustion engines, high product gas temperatures are required and relatively high NOx production rates are the inevitable result. Thus, it may; be impossible to reduce NOx production to very low levels if flame propagation at high pressures is involved, and it will he necessary to provide postcombustion aftertreatment to reduce NOx emissions to legislated levels. C1 Cummins Engine Co, Columbus, IN 47202 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Flynn, PF (reprint author), Cummins Engine Co, Columbus, IN 47202 USA. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1211 EP 1218 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900147 ER PT J AU Daw, CS Green, JB Wagner, RM Finney, CEA Connolly, FT AF Daw, CS Green, JB Wagner, RM Finney, CEA Connolly, FT TI Synchronization of combustion variations in a multicylinder spark ignition engine SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH AB We report experimental observations of synchronization among combustion variations in different cylinders at fuel-lean conditions in an eight-cylinder spark ignition engine. Our results appear to confirm that synchronization readily occurs and that it becomes stronger as the overall equivalence ratio is reduced from stoichiometric. It also appears that the onset of synchronization is associated with bifurcation instabilities reported previously for combustion in single cylinders. We use both cross-correlation and symbolic time series analysis to quantify the apparent relationships between pairs of cylinders and multicylinder groups. Extension of a simple dynamic model for single-cylinder combustion variations to the multicylinder case appears to agree with the observations and provides a basis for further studies, The occurrence of significant cylinder-to-cylinder synchronization may have significant implications for engine diagnostics and control. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn & Engn Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Ford Motor Co, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. RP Daw, CS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Technol Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Green, Johney/0000-0003-2383-7260 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1249 EP 1255 PN 1 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900152 ER PT J AU Oppenheim, AK Kuhl, AL AF Oppenheim, AK Kuhl, AL TI Energy loss from closed combustion systems SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH AB The process of combustion in a closed system, such as a cylinder in a piston engine, is executed in three steps: (1) ignition, devoid of any pressure change (2) the dynamic stage, manifested by distinct pressure rise: and (3) decay, associated with pressure drop. This paper is concerned solely with the second step, exhibiting the dynamic behaviour of the system. The effectiveness of the exothermic energy generated in a closed system is affected only by the loss incurred as a consequence of heat transfer to the walls. Its evaluation is, then, the principal subject of the reported study. Measurements of heat transfer to the walls were made for this purpose in a constant volume vessel by the use of thin film thermometers, simultaneously with pressure and schlieren records. Profiles of energy loss were determined on the basis of a self-similarity theory developed on the basis of the self-similitude exhibited by heat flux profiles. At the same time, the mass fraction of fuel consumed in the course of the dynamic stage of combustion was deduced from the measured pressure trace by thermodynamic analysis based on the balances of mass, volume, and energy. A power-law correlation was thereby derived between the fuel consumed solely to elevate pressure, referred to as effective, and its total amount. As a phase relationship, this correlation is valid irrespectively of thr geometry of the enclosure as well as of its variation in a piston engine, especially in the vieinity of the top dead center where the dynamic stage of combustion takes place. Its utility is then quite general in permitting the ineffective part of consumed fuel, associated with energy lost by heat transfer to the walls, to be evaluated from the pressure record, without taking into account the geometry of the enclosure or its deformation. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Oppenheim, AK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1257 EP 1263 PN 1 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900153 ER PT J AU Cheng, RK Yegian, DT Miyasato, MM Samuelsen, GS Benson, CE Pellizzari, R Loftus, P AF Cheng, RK Yegian, DT Miyasato, MM Samuelsen, GS Benson, CE Pellizzari, R Loftus, P TI Scaling and development of low-swirl burners for low-emission furnaces and boilers SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID COMBUSTION; FLAMES; NOX; OSCILLATIONS; FLOWS AB A low-swirl burner (LSB) developed for laboratory research has been scaled to the thermal input levels of a small industrial burner. The purpose was to demonstrate its viability for commercial and industrial furnaces and boilers. The original 5.28 cm i.d. LSB using an air-jet swirler was scaled to 10.26 cm i.d. and investigated up to a firing rate of Q = 586 kW. The experiments were performed in water heater and furnace simulators. Subsequently, two LSBs (5.28 and 7.68 cm i.d.) configured to accept a novel vane-swirler design were evaluated up to Q = 73 kW and 280 kW, respectively. The larger vane-LSB was studied in a boiler simulator. The results show that a constant velocity criterion is valid for scaling the burner diameter to accept higher thermal inputs. However the swirl number needed for stable operation should be scaled independently using a constant residence time criterion. NO, emissions from all the LSBs were found to be independent of thermal input and were only a function of the equivalence ratio. However, emissions of CO and unburned hydrocarbons were strongly coupled to the combustion chamber size and can be extremely high at low thermal inputs. The emissions from a large vane-LSB were very encouraging. Between 210 and 280 kW and 0.8 < phi < 0.9, NOx emissions of < 15 ppm and CO emissions of < 10 ppm were achieved. These results indicate that the LSB is a simple, low-cost, and promising environmental energy technology that carl be further developed to meet future air-quality rules. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Combust Lab, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Arthur D Little Inc, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Cheng, RK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 21 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 11 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1305 EP 1313 PN 1 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900159 ER PT J AU Zerkle, DK Allendorf, MD Wolf, M Deutschmann, O AF Zerkle, DK Allendorf, MD Wolf, M Deutschmann, O TI Modeling of on-line catalyst addition effects in a short contact time reactor SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID PARTIAL OXIDATION; PT(111) SURFACE; MOLECULAR-BEAM; ETHANE; PLATINUM; METHANE; DEHYDROGENATION; ETHYLENE; HYDROGEN; OXYGEN AB This paper describes a computational study of the partial oxidation of ethane to ethylene in a short-contact-time reactor (SCTR), using a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model with full heat and mass transport. Detailed heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical kinetic mechanisms are employed to describe the chemistry. Emphasis is placed on simulating recent experiments in which the platinum catalyst is added to the front face of the reactor while it is operating ("on-line" catalyst addition). Our simulations indicate that the fundamental behavior of the ethane SCTR prepared with catalyst added on-line is the result of coupled heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical processes, ft seems clear that low CH4 selectivity results from the lack of heterogeneous CH4 production downstream in SCTRs prepared with the catalyst added on-line. Total ethane consumption and ethylene production rates are less strongly affected because the homogeneous route For these processes compensates for the loss of heterogeneous activity, whereas the production of methaneis much more effective as a heterogeneous process. These results indicate that the improved performance observed as a result of oil-line catalyst addition is due to a shift from heterogeneous ethane decomposition to homogeneous decomposition. This limits the total production of methane while increasing the selectivity to ethylene. In addition to predictions of ethane conversion and ethylene selectivity; the model also predicts the production of all other major products: H2O, H-2, CH4, CO, and CO2. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Heidelberg, Interdisziplinares Zentrum Wissensch Rechnen, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Zerkle, DK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Deutschmann, Olaf/B-4891-2015 OI Deutschmann, Olaf/0000-0001-9211-7529 NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1365 EP 1372 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900166 ER PT J AU Lee, KO Cohen, JJ Brezinky, K AF Lee, KO Cohen, JJ Brezinky, K TI Fluidized-bed combustion synthesis of titanium nitride SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH AB A detailed experimental study of the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of titanium nitride was conducted to improve the conversion yield and illustrate the mechanism of Formation of titanium nitride. The investigation was performed at atmospheric pressure, room temperature, and normal gravity conditions in a fluidized bed of gaseous nitrogen and solid titanium particles of approximately 50 mum. This fluidized-bed combustion system successfully produced a homogeneous dispersion of titanium particles in the nitrogen stream via a dual-syringe particle injection system, and subsequent particle ignition led to the gradual propagation of a combustion wave. From the combustion reaction, a maximum conversion yield of titanium nitride was obtained of approximately 60%. The high conversion yield was ascribed to increased nitrogen accessibility to the precursor particle surface by increasing die interstitial distances between particles in fluidization. The composition of the product particles was analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction. Based on the measurement of combustion temperature and subsequent calculation of heat transfer, a liquid mechanism is indicated for the formation of titanium nitride obtained in the combustion synthesis system. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Chem Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Lee, KO (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1373 EP 1380 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900167 ER PT J AU Hebgen, P Goel, A Howard, JB Rainey, LC Vander Sande, JB AF Hebgen, P Goel, A Howard, JB Rainey, LC Vander Sande, JB TI Synthesis of fullerenes and fullerenic nanostructures in a low-pressure benzene/oxygen diffusion flame SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID HYDROCARBON FLAMES; CARBON; C-60; COMBUSTION; BLACK; IONS AB Samples of condensable material from laminar low-pressure benzene/argon/oxygen diffusion flames were collected and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatograptly to determine the fields of fullerenes and by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) to characterize the fullerenic material (i.e., curved-layer nanostructures) on and within the soot particles. The highest concentration of fullerenes was always detected just above the visible stoichiometric surface of a flame. The percentage of Fullerenes in the condensable material increases with decreasing pressure. The overall highest amount of fullerenes was found for a surprisingly high dilution of fuel with argon. A comparison of the flames with the same cold gas velocity of fuel and oxygen showed a strong dependence of fullerene content on flame length. A shorter flame, resulting from higher dilution or lower pressure, favors the formation of fullerenes rather than soot, and the amount of soot and precursors of both soot and fullerenes is less at lower pressure and higher dilution. This behavior indicates a stronger correlation of fullerene consumption to the total amount of soot than of fullerene formation to precursor concentration. The maximum flame temperature seems to be of minor importance in fullerene formation. The HRTEM analysis of the soot showed an increase of the curvature of the carbon layers, and hence increased fullerenic character, with increasing distance from the burner up to the point of maximum fullerene concentration. After this maximum, where soot and fullerenes are consumed by oxidation, the curvature decreases. In addition to the soot, the samples included fullerenic nanostructures such as tubes and spheroids including highly ordered multilayered or onionlike structures. The soot itself shows highly ordered regions that appear to have been cells of ongoing fullerenic nanostructure formation. C1 MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Duisburg Gesamthsch, D-4100 Duisburg, Germany. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Hebgen, P (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 23 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1540-7489 EI 1873-2704 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1397 EP 1404 PN 1 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 451HQ UT WOS:000169795900170 ER PT J AU Michael, JV Sutherland, JW Harding, LB Wagner, AF AF Michael, JV Sutherland, JW Harding, LB Wagner, AF TI Initiation in H-2/O-2: Rate constants for H-2+O-2 -> H+HO2 at high temperature SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; LASER-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; THERMAL RATE CONSTANTS; PHOTOLYSIS-SHOCK-TUBE; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; RATE COEFFICIENT; + O; KINETICS; ATOMS; FLASH AB The reaction between H-2 and O-2 has been studied in a reflected shock tube apparatus between temperatures of 1662-2097 K and pressures of 400-570 torr with Kr as the diluent gas. O atom atomic resonance absorption spectrometry (ARAS) was used to observe absolute [O], under conditions of low [H-2](0) so that most secondary reactions were negligible. Hence, the observed [0], was the direct result of the rate controlling reaction between H-2 and O-2. Three different reactions were considered, but experimental and ab initio theoretical results both indicated that the process, H-2 + O-2 --> H + HO2, is the most probable reaction. After rapid HO, dissociation, O atoms are then instantaneously produced by II + O-2 --> O + OH. Using the ab initio result, conventional transition state theoretical calculations (CTST) with tunneling corrections give the expressionk(1)(th) = 1.228 x 10(-18) T-2.4328 exp(-26,926 K/T) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), applicable between 400 and 2300 K. This theoretical result agrees with the present experimental determinations and those at lower temperature, derived from earlier work on the reverse reaction. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Michael, JV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Michael, Joe/E-3907-2010 NR 56 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 16 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1471 EP 1478 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400002 ER PT J AU Miller, JA Klippenstein, SJ Robertson, SH AF Miller, JA Klippenstein, SJ Robertson, SH TI A theoretical analysis of the reaction between ethyl and molecular oxygen SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; C2H5+O-2 REACTION; GAUSSIAN-2 THEORY; C2H4 YIELD; THERMOCHEMISTRY; KINETICS; RADICALS; MECHANISM; BOND; O-2 AB Using a combination of electronic-structure theory, variational transition-state theory and solutions to the time-dependent master equation, we have studied the kinetics of the reaction between ethyl and molecular oxygen theoretically over wide ranges of temperature and pressure. The agreement between theory and experiment is quite good. By comparing the theoretical and experimental results describing the kinetic behavior, we have been able to deduce a value for the C2H5-O-2 bond energy of similar to 34 kcal/mol and a value for the exit-channel transition-state energy of - 4.3 kcal/mol (measured from reactants). These numbers compare favorably with our electronic-structure theory predictions of 33.9 kcal/mol and -3.0 kcal/mole, respectively. The master-equation solutions show three distinct temperature regimes for the reaction, discussed extensively in this paper. Above T approximate to 700 K, the reaction can be written as an elementary step. C2H5 + O-2 <----> C2H4 + HO2, with the rate coefficient k(T) = 3.19 x 10(-17) T-1.02 exp(2035/RT) cm(3) (molecules s) independent of pressure, even though the intermediate collision complex may suffer a large number of collisions. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Chem, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Mol Simulat Inc, Cambridge CB3 8RE, England. RP Miller, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. OI Klippenstein, Stephen/0000-0001-6297-9187 NR 31 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 3 U2 22 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1479 EP 1486 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400003 ER PT J AU Harding, LB Klippenstein, SJ AF Harding, LB Klippenstein, SJ TI Theoretical kinetic estimates for the recombination of hydrogen atoms with propargyl and allyl radicals SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; EFFICIENT; COEFFICIENTS; SYSTEM AB Ab initio quantum chemical simulations were coupled with variational transition state theory in estimating rate constants for the H + C3H3 and H + C3H5 recombination reactions. The energy of interaction between the H atom and each of the radicals was evaluated at the CAS + 1 + 2 level for the range of separations and relative orientations spanning the transition state region. An analytic representation of these interaction energies was then implemented in variable reaction coordinate transition state theory calculations of the high pressure limit recombination rate constant for temperatures ranging from 200 to 2000 K. For the propargyl reaction, the overall addition rate was separated into contributions correlating with die initial formation of allene and propyne. These theoretical results were compared with the available experimental data as well as with corresponding theoretical estimates for the H + CBH, and H + C2H5 reactions. The H + propargyl and H + allyl total recombination rates were remarkably similar with bath being greater than the H + vinyl and H + ethyl rates, due to the presence of twice as many addition channels. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Chem, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Harding, LB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Klippenstein, Stephen/0000-0001-6297-9187 NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 14 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1503 EP 1509 PN 2 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400006 ER PT J AU Pope, CJ Miller, JA AF Pope, CJ Miller, JA TI Exploring old and new benzene formation pathways in low-pressure premixed flames of aliphatic fuels SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID RADICAL SELF-REACTION; RATE-CONSTANT; AROMATICS FORMATION; RATE COEFFICIENTS; ACETYLENE; RECOMBINATION; DISSOCIATION; COMBUSTION; MECHANISM; VINYL AB A modeling study of benzene and phenyl radical formation was performed for three low-pressure premixed laminar flat flames having an unsaturated C-2 or C-3 hydrocarbon fuel (acetylene, ethylene, and propene). Predictions using three published detailed elementary-step chemical kinetics mechanisms were tested against molecular beam mass spectrometry (MBMS) species profile data for all three flames. The differences between the predictive capabilities of the three mechanisms were explored, with an emphasis on benzene formation pathways. A new chemical kinetics mechanism was created combining features of all three published mechanisms. Included in the mechanism were several novel benzene formation rt actions involving combinations of radicals such as C2H + C4H5, C2H3 + C4H3, and C5H3 + CH3. Reactions Forming fulvene (a benzene isomer) were included, such as C3H3(propargyl) + C3H5(allyl), as well as fulvene to benzene reactions. Predictions using the new mechanism showed virtually all of the benzene and phenyl radical to be formed by reactions of either C3H3 + C3H3 or C3H3 + C3H5, with die relative importance being strongly dependent on the fuel. C5H3 + CH3 played a minor role in fulvene formation in the acetylene flame. The C2Hx + C4Hx reactions did not contribute noticeably to benzene or phenyl radical formation in these flames, sometimes being a major decomposition channel for either fulvene or phenyl radical. The formation pathways for C3H3 and C3H5 were delineated for the three flames; although the key reactions differed from flame to flame, (CH2)-C-1 + C2H2 <----> C3H3 + H was important for all three flames. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Pope, CJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 42 TC 103 Z9 106 U1 1 U2 21 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1519 EP 1527 PN 2 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400008 ER PT J AU Westbrook, CK AF Westbrook, CK TI Chemical kinetics of hydrocarbon ignition in practical combustion systems SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID RAPID COMPRESSION MACHINE; N-HEPTANE; CHARACTERISTIC TIMES; AIR MIXTURES; GASEOUS DETONATIONS; C2H5+O-2 REACTION; FLAME INHIBITION; HYDROGEN BROMIDE; PULSE COMBUSTION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE AB Chemical kinetic factors of hydrocarbon oxidation are examined in a variety of ignition problems. Ignition is related to the presence of a dominant chain-branching reaction mechanism that can drive a chemical system to completion in a very short period of time. Ignition in laboratory environments is studied for problems including shock tubes lid rapid compression machines. Modeling of the laboratory systems is used to develop kinetic models that can be used to analyze ignition in practical systems. Two major chain-branching regimes are identified, one consisting of high temperature ignition with a chain branching reaction mechanism based on the reaction between atomic hydrogen with molecular oxygen, and the second based on an intermediate temperature thermal decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Kinetic models are ther! used to describe ignition in practical combustion environments, including detonations and pulse combustors For high temperature ignition and engine knock and diesel ignition for intermediate temperature ignition. The final example of ignition in a practical environment is homogeneous charge, compression ignition (HCCI), which is shown to be a problem dominated by the kinetics of intermediate temperature hydrocarbon ignition. Model results show why high hydrocarbon and CO emissions are inevitable irt HCCI combustion. The conclusion of this study is that the kinetics of hydrocarbon ignition are actually quite simple, since only one or two elementary reactions are dominant. However, many combustion factors can influence these two major reactions, and these are the features that vary from one practical system to another. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Westbrook, CK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 103 TC 329 Z9 334 U1 11 U2 104 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1540-7489 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1563 EP 1577 PN 2 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400013 ER PT J AU Fisher, EM Pitz, WJ Curran, HJ Westbrook, CK AF Fisher, EM Pitz, WJ Curran, HJ Westbrook, CK TI Detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms for combustion of oxygenated fuels SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID GAS-PHASE; OXIDATION; PROPENE AB Thermodynamic properties and detailed chemical kinetic models have been developed for the combustion of two oxygenates: methyl butanoate, a model compound for biodiesel fuels, and methyl formate. a related simpler molecule. Bond additivity methods and rules for estimating kinetic parameters were adopted from hydrocarbon combustion and extended. The resulting mechanisms have been tested against the limited combustion data available ill the literature, which was obtained at low temperature. subatmospheric conditions in closed vessels. using pressure measurements as die main diagnostic. Some qualitative agreement was obtained, but die experimental data consistently indicated lower overall reactivities than the model, differing by Factors of 10 to 50. This discrepancy, which occurs for species with well established kinetic mechanisms as well as for methyl esters, is tentatively ascribed to the presence of wall reactions in the experiments. The model predicts a region of weak or negative dependence of overall reaction rate on temperature for each methyl ester. Examination of the reaction fluxes provides an explanation of this behavior, involving a temperature-dependent competition between chain-propagating uni-molecular decomposition processes and chain-branching processes, similar to that accepted for hydrocarbons. There is an urgent need to obtain more complete experimental data under well-characterized conditions for through testing of the model. C1 Cornell Univ, Sibley Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Galway, Ireland. RP Fisher, EM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sibley Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. OI Curran, Henry/0000-0002-5124-8562; Fisher, Elizabeth/0000-0002-8608-3964 NR 30 TC 188 Z9 191 U1 0 U2 42 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1579 EP 1586 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400014 ER PT J AU Mcilroy, A Hain, TD Michelsen, HA Cool, TA AF Mcilroy, A Hain, TD Michelsen, HA Cool, TA TI A laser and molecular beam mass spectrometer study of low-pressure dimethyl ether flames SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID CH3OCH2O2 RADICALS; PYROLYSIS; TEMPERATURE; OXIDATION; RADIATION; KINETICS; KRYPTON; PHASE; NO; OH AB The oxidation of dimethyl ether (DME) was studied in low-pressure, premixed flames using a new molecular beam mass spectrometer (MBMS) and laser diagnostics. The mass spectrometer system includes both a single-photon, tunable vacuum ultraviolet photoionization, time-of-flight mass spectrometer and an electron impact, quadrupole mass spectrometer. Two 30.0 Torr (4.00 kPa), premixed DME/oxygen/argon flames with stoichiometries of 0.98 and 1.20 were investigated. The profiles of flame temperature, nine stable species (DME, O-2, CO, CO2, H2O, H-2, H2CO, CH4, HCCH), and two radicals (OH, CH3) were measured as a function of height above the burner. The temperature and OH radical profiles were measured by OH laser-induced fluorescence. The remaining species were studied with the MBMS system. The experimental results were compared with the predictions of the detailed chemical kinetic reaction mechanism of Curran et al. Generally good agreement was found between the model and data. The model stable species profiles reproduced the experimental data well. The largest discrepancies were found for the methyl radical profiles, where the model predicted qualitatively different trends in the methyl concentration with stoichiometry than observed in the experiment. The model predicted an increase in methyl mole fraction with increasing stoichiometry, whereas the experiment showed a decrease. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Mcilroy, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 41 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 7 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1647 EP 1653 PN 2 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400022 ER PT J AU Ribaucour, M Minetti, R Sochet, LR Curran, HJ Pitz, WJ Westbrook, CK AF Ribaucour, M Minetti, R Sochet, LR Curran, HJ Pitz, WJ Westbrook, CK TI Ignition of isomers of pentane: An experimental and kinetic modeling study SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID RAPID-COMPRESSION MACHINE; HIGH-PRESSURE; AUTOIGNITION; OXIDATION AB Experiments in a rapid compression machine were used to examine the influences of variations ill fuel molecular structure on the autoignition of isomers of pentane, Autoignition of stoichiometric mixtures of the three isomers of pentane were studied at compressed gas initial temperatures between 640 K and 900 K and at precompression pressures of 300 and 400 torr. Numerical simulations of the same experiments were carried out using a detailed chemical kinetic reaction mechanism. The results are interpreted in terms of a low-temperature oxidation mechanism involving addition of molecular oxygen to alkyl and hydroperoxyalkyl radicals. Results indicate that in most cases. the reactive gases experience a two-stage autoignition. The first stage follows a low-temperature alkylperoxy radical isomerization pathway that is effectively quenched when the temperature reaches a level where dissociation reactions of alkylperoxy and hydroperoxyalkylperoxy radicals are more rapid than the reverse addition steps. The second stage is controlled by the onset of dissociation of hydrogen peroxide. At the highest compression temperatures achieved, little or no first-stage ignition is observed. Particular attention is given to the influence of heat transfer and the importance of regions of variable temperature within the compressed gas volume. Implications of this work on practical ignition problems are discussed. C1 Univ Sci & Technol Lille, UMR CNRS 8522, Lille, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Ribaucour, M (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol Lille, UMR CNRS 8522, Lille, France. OI Curran, Henry/0000-0002-5124-8562 NR 27 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 10 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1671 EP 1678 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400025 ER PT J AU Glaude, PA Curran, HJ Pitz, WJ Westbrook, CK AF Glaude, PA Curran, HJ Pitz, WJ Westbrook, CK TI Kinetic study of the combustion of organophosphorus compounds SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID GAS-PHASE PYROLYSIS; DESTRUCTION CHEMISTRY; H+OH RECOMBINATION; PHOSPHORUS OXIDE; FLAMES; METHYLPHOSPHONATE; DECOMPOSITION; PHOSPHATE AB The thermochemistry and kinetics of organophosphorus compounds were studied, with BAC-MP4 method estimations as a basis and PM3 semi-empirical estimations for many new compounds. New group additivity values were proposed for enthalpies of formation at 298 K, and entropies and heat capacities of species involving pentavalent phosphorus bonded to carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, fluorine, nitrogen, and sulfur atoms, The kinetic features of unimolecular elimination were investigated by modeling pyrolysis experiments of dimethyl ethyl phosphonate (DEMP), triethyl phosphate (TEP), and di-isopropyl methyl phosphonate (DIMP). Rate constants were proposed for four and six-center eliminations. A new combustion mechanism was developed in a systematic and comprehensive way and involved 41 phosphorus compounds in 202 reactions. All possible intermediates were taken into account. This reaction mechanism was applied to the modeling of H-2/O-2 flames doped with dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) and trimethyl phosphate (TMP), which are chemical warfare surrogates. The promoting effect of the agent and the species profiles were correctly reproduced. The decomposition reaction channels were studied: they included radical reactions and molecular eliminations. The cause of the increase of the reactivity of the flame was attributed to some radical combination cycles leading to an increase of heat release, which enhances the global reaction rate in spite of the radical concentration drop. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Glaude, PA (reprint author), DCPR CNRS, 1 Rue Grandville, F-54000 Nancy, France. OI Glaude, Pierre-Alexandre/0000-0001-9166-8388; Curran, Henry/0000-0002-5124-8562 NR 24 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 16 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1749 EP 1756 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400035 ER PT J AU Rehm, JE Paul, PH AF Rehm, JE Paul, PH TI Reaction rate imaging SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; COMBUSTION GASES; CROSS-SECTIONS; CO; FLAMES; OH; ABSORPTION; TURBULENCE; ALIGNMENT AB It has been recognized that common experimental observable such as species concentrations are not generally reliable markers of flame front topology, heat release rate, or reaction rate. We show that with proper selection of excitation transitions, the plane laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) signals of two spatially correlated species can be used to determine a bimolecular reaction rate in flames. This measurement technique provides a spatial marker of a species-specific bimolecular reaction region as well as a measure of the relative forward rate of that reaction. Our primary focus is the CO + OH reaction due to its significance in H-C-O mechanisms and the feasibility of simultaneous OH and CO PLIF imaging. The reaction rate diagnostic was applied to methane/air-based Bunsen flames and an acoustically forces vortex-flame interaction. Measured reaction rate, CO LIF, and OH LIF profiles extracted from the Bunsen flame images agreed reasonably well with theoretical estimates, and the measured reaction rate was observed to intensify near the flame tip. Measurements in a vortex-flame system indicated entrainment of Co directly into the vortex core, but only minor reaction rate initially increased threefold due to enhanced reactive scalar mixing resulting from the applied strain field. The vortex passage caused the base of the CO + OH reaction surface to detach and lift similar to OH, with the base of the CO surface detaching later in time. For the majority of cases considered, the topologies of the reaction rate field were distinctly different than those of the individual reactive scalars, suggesting that insight into CO oxidation by OH can be improved by the use of rate imaging diagnostics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Rehm, JE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 33 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 8 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1775 EP 1782 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400038 ER PT J AU Im, HG Chen, JH AF Im, HG Chen, JH TI Effects of flow transients on the burning velocity of laminar hydrogen/air premixed flames SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID MARKSTEIN NUMBERS; STRETCHED FLAMES; CURVATURE; DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS AB The effects of unsteady strain rate on the burning velocity of hydrogen/air premixed flames have been studied in an opposed nozzle configuration. The numerical method employs adaptive time integration of a system of differential-algebraic equations. Detailed hydrogen/air kinetic mechanism and transport properties are considered. The equivalence ratio is varied from lean to rich premixtures in order to change the effective Lewis number. Steady Markstein numbers for small strain rate are computed and compared with experiment. Different definitions of flame burning velocity are examined under steady and unsteady flow conditions, It is found that, as the unsteady frequency increases. large deviations between different flame speeds are noted depending on the location of the flame speed evaluation. Unsteady flame response is investigated in terms of the Markstein transfer function, which depends on the frequency of oscillation, In most cases, the flame speed variation attenuates at higher frequencies, as the unsteady frequency becomes comparable to the inverse of the characteristic flame time. Furthermore, unique resonance-like is observed for a range of rich mixture conditions, consistent with previous studies with linearized theory. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Im, HG (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Im, Hong/J-4317-2012 NR 28 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1833 EP 1840 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400045 ER PT J AU Knio, OM Najm, HN AF Knio, OM Najm, HN TI Effect of stoichiometry and strain rate on transient flame response SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID SEMIIMPLICIT NUMERICAL SCHEME; TURBULENT COMBUSTION; VORTEX INTERACTIONS; PREMIXED METHANE; REACTING FLOW; AIR FLAMES; OBSERVABLES; GENERATION; VORTICITY; CHEMISTRY AB The interaction of a premixed methane/air flame with a counter-rotating vortex pair is analyzed using a parallel low-Mach-number computational model that is based on a detailed C1C2 chemical mechanism. Attention is focused on the transient response of the heat release rate and the flame structure at the centerline of the vortex pair. Results are obtained for vortex pairs of different strengths under lean, stoichiometric, and rich conditions. For the range of vortex strengths considered, the computations indicate that the heat release rate in the rich flame decays significantly faster than in the stoichiometric flame: this behavior is consistent with recent experimental measurements. Meanwhile, the heat release rate in the lean flame decays at a slightly slower rate than in the stoichiometric flame. The transient response of flame radicals such as H, CH, OH, and HCO is also analyzed. The analysis reveals a complex nonlinear dependence of the transient structure on both the vortex strength and the stoichiometry. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Knio, OM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Knio, Omar/A-3318-2010 NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1851 EP 1857 PN 2 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400047 ER PT J AU Marzouk, YM Ghoniem, AF Najm, HN AF Marzouk, YM Ghoniem, AF Najm, HN TI Dynamic response of strained premixed flames to equivalence ratio gradients SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH AB Premixed flames encounter gradients of mixture equivalence ratio in stratified charge engines. lean premixed gas-turbine engines. and a variety of other applications In cases for which the scales-spatial ur temporal-of fuel concentration gradients in the reactants are comparable to flame scales, changes in burning rate, flammability limits, and flame structure have been observed. This paper uses an unsteady strained flame in the stagnation point configuration to examine the effect of temporal gradients on combustion in a premixed methane/air mixture. An inexact Newton backtracking method, coupled with a preconditioned Krylov subspace iterative solver. was used to improve the efficiency of die numerical solution and expand its domain of convergence in the presence of detailed chemistry. Results indicate that equivalence ratio variations with timescales lower than 10 ms have significant effects on the burning process, including reaction zone broadening, burning rate enhancement, and extension of the flammability limit toward leaner mixtures. While the temperature of a flame processing a stoichiometric-to-lean equivalence ratio gradient decreased slightly within die front side of the reaction zone. radical concentrations remained elevated over the entire flame structure. These characteristics are linked to a feature reminiscent of "back-supported" flame-flames in which a stream of products resulting from burning at higher equivalence ratio is continuously supplied to lower equivalence ratio reactants. The relevant feature is the establishment of a positive temperature gradient on the products side of the flame which maintains the temperature high enough and die radical concentration sufficient to sustain combustion there. Unsteadiness in equivalence ratio produces similar gradients within the flame structure, thus compensating for the change in temperature at the leading edge of the reaction zone and accounting for an observed "flame inertia." For sufficiently large equivalence ratio gradients, a flame starting in a stoichiometric mixture can burn through a very lean one by taking advantage of this mechanism. C1 MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Marzouk, YM (reprint author), MIT, Dept Mech Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Ghoniem, Ahmed/E-1106-2013 NR 19 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 7 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1859 EP 1866 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400048 ER PT J AU Bell, JB Brown, NJ Day, MS Frenklach, M Grcar, JF Tonse, SR AF Bell, JB Brown, NJ Day, MS Frenklach, M Grcar, JF Tonse, SR TI The dependence of chemistry on the inlet equivalence ratio in vortex-flame interactions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID ADAPTIVE PROJECTION METHOD; PREMIXED FLAME; AIR FLAMES; UNSTEADY; OBSERVABLES; COMBUSTION; EQUATIONS; METHANE AB The interaction of a vortex pair with a premixed flame serves as an important prototype for premixed turbulent combustion. In this study, we investigate the interaction of a counter-rotating vortex pair with an initially flat premixed methane flame. We compare computational solutions obtained using a time-dependent, two-dimensional adaptive low Mach number combustion algorithm that incorporates GRI-Mech 1.2 for the chemistry, thermodynamics, and transport of the chemical species. We discuss the mechanical nature of the flame-vortex interaction and the features of the interaction that are strongly affected by fuel equivalence ratio, phi. We find that the circulation around the vortex scours gas from the preheat zone in front of the flame, making the interaction sensitive to equivalence ratio. For cases with phi approximate to 1, the peak mole fraction of CH across the flame is relatively insensitive to the vortex, whereas for richer flames we observe a substantial and rapid decline in the peak CH mole fraction, commencing early in the flame-vortex interaction. The peak concentration of HCO is found to correlate, in both space and time, with the peak heat release across a broad range of equivalence ratios. The model also predicts a measurable increase in C2H2 as a result of interaction with the vortex and a marked increase in the low-temperature chemistry activity. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Bell, JB (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 36 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 1933 EP 1939 PN 2 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400057 ER PT J AU Welle, EJ Roberts, WL Decroix, ME Carter, CD Donbar, JM AF Welle, EJ Roberts, WL Decroix, ME Carter, CD Donbar, JM TI Simultaneous particle-imaging velocimetry and OH planar laser-induced fluorescence measurements in an unsteady counterflow propane/air diffusion flame SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID EXTINCTION; AIR AB To study the transient response of a diffusion flame to an unsteady flowfield, quantitative measurements of velocity using particle-imaging velocimetry, and OH measurements, using planar laser-induced fluorescence, were made simultaneously in an oscillating counterflow diffusion flame. These non-intrusive measurements were performed to spatially and temporally resolve flowfield and flame characteristics as a function of initial steady strain rate and forcing frequency. For the forcing frequencies considered in this study, die strain rate fluctuations were found to lag the velocity fluctuations, but the phase difference decreased with increasing Forcing frequency. At lower forcing frequencies, the width of the OH field responded quasi-steadily, but as the forcing frequency increased, the OH field showed transient effects. The dilatation velocity. defined as the difference between the minimum velocity in die preheat zone and the maximum velocity in the reaction zone, was used as a flame temperature indicator. The dilatation velocity revealed that the phase difference between the velocity and the temperature increased with increasing forcing frequency, confirming the existence of a diffusion limited response. The results presented here help to illuminate the interconnecting relationships between the chemistry, fluid dynamics, amid reactant transport times. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp DX2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA. USAF, Res Lab, PRSS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Welle, EJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Box 7910, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2021 EP 2027 PN 2 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400068 ER PT J AU Seiser, R Pitsch, H Seshadri, K Pitz, WJ Curran, HJ AF Seiser, R Pitsch, H Seshadri, K Pitz, WJ Curran, HJ TI Extinction and autoignition of n-heptane in counterflow configuration SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID RAPID COMPRESSION MACHINE; OXIDATION; IGNITION; COMBUSTION; ALKYL AB A study was performed to elucidate the mechanisms of extinction and autoignition of n-heptane in strained laminar Rows under non-premixed conditions. A previously developed detailed mechanism made up of 2540 reversible elementary reactions among 556 species was the starting point for the study The detailed mechanism was previously used to calculate ignition delay times in homogeneous reactors, and concentration histories of a number of species in plug-flow and jet-stirred reactors. An intermediate mechanism made up of 1282 reversible elementary reactions among 282 species and a short mechanism made up of 770 reversible elementary reactions among 159 species were assembled from this detailed mechanism. Ignition delay times in an isochoric homogeneous reactor calculated using the intermediate and the short mechanism were found to agree well with those calculated using the detailed mechanism. The intermediate and the short mechanism were used to calculate extinction and autoignition of n-heptane in strained laminar flows. Steady laminar flow of two counterflowing streams toward a stagnation plane was considered. One stream, made up of prevaporized n-heptane and nitrogen, was injected from the fuel boundary, and the other stream, made up of air and nitrogen, was injected from the oxidizer boundary. Critical conditions of extinction and autoignition given by the strain rate, temperature, and concentrations of the reactants at the boundaries were calculated. The results were found to agree well with experiments. Sensitivity analysis was carried out to evaluate the influence of various elementary reactions on autoignition. At all values of the strain rate investigated hare, high-temperature chemical processes were found to control autoignition. In general, the influence of low-temperature chemistry was found to increase with decreasing strain. A key finding of the present study is that strain has more influence on low-temperature chemistry than the temperature of the reactants. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. CNRS, LCRS, F-45071 Orleans, France. Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Seiser, R (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Pitsch, Heinz/E-1082-2014; OI Pitsch, Heinz/0000-0001-5656-0961; Curran, Henry/0000-0002-5124-8562 NR 27 TC 150 Z9 153 U1 1 U2 21 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2029 EP 2037 PN 2 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400069 ER PT J AU Ashman, PJ Haynes, BS Nicholls, PM Nelson, PF AF Ashman, PJ Haynes, BS Nicholls, PM Nelson, PF TI Interactions of gaseous NO with char during the low-temperature oxidation of coal chars SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID FLUIDIZED-BED; N2O FORMATION; COMBUSTION; NITROGEN; KINETICS; RELEASE AB The role of nitric oxide (NO) during the low-temperature oxidation (873 K, ca. 2% O-2/He) of subbituminous and bituminous coal chars was studied experimentally in fixed-bed reactor systems.;inalysis of the gas-phase products by gas chromatography (GC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) identified nitrogenous products with typical abundance Np (54%), NO (22%), HNCO (12%), HCN (6%), and N2O (1%). Significant retention of char nitrogen (char N) occurred within the char during the earl); stages of burnout. This may be explained via the following mechanism: NO + 2C() --> C(N) + C(O) C(N) + NO --> Ne + C(O) or CO C(N) + O-2 --> NO + C(O) or CO (2) The observed extent of nitrogen enrichment of the char during burnout requires that up to 90% of the NO formed by oxidation of char N (3) is reincorporated into the char (1) early in the burnout. Experiments also were conducted using a dispersed-bed reactor in which isotopically Labeled (NO)-N-15 (0-1000 ppm) was added to the reactant gases (2% Og in He) during the oxidation of coal char. The concentrations of labeled (HCN)-N-15 and (HNCO)-N-15 that were observed by FTIR indicated a significant interaction between gaseous NO and die char surface. The ratios of isotopes present in the HCN and HNCO product distributions were similar, suggesting that these species may be formed by related processes. C1 Univ Sydney, Dept Chem Engn, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. CSIRO, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia. CRC, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Lab Combust & Deton, Poitiers, France. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria. Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. RP Ashman, PJ (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Dept Chem Engn, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RI Haynes, Brian/I-2562-2013 OI Haynes, Brian/0000-0002-2024-039X NR 22 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2171 EP 2179 PN 2 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400085 ER PT J AU Hong, J Hecker, WC Fletcher, TH AF Hong, J Hecker, WC Fletcher, TH TI Modeling high-pressure char oxidation using Langmuir kinetics with an effectiveness factor SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID CARBON-OXYGEN REACTION; COAL COMBUSTION; RATE-EQUATIONS; FACILITY AB The global nth order rate equation has been criticized for lack of theoretical basis and has been shown to be inadequate for modeling char oxidation rates as a function of total gas pressure. The simple Langmuir rate equation is believed to have more potential for modeling high pressure char oxidation. The intrinsic Langmuir rate equation is applied to graphite Rake oxidation data and agrees well with reaction rates at three temperatures over the entire range of oxygen pressure (1-64 atm). It also explains the change of reaction order with temperature. In this work, the intrinsic Langmuir rate equation is combined with (1) an effectiveness factor to account for pore diffusion effects and (2) a random pore structure model to calculate effective diffusivity. The resulting model is able to predict the reaction rates of large (ca. 8 mm) coal char particles as a function of gas velocity, total pressure, oxygen partial pressure, oxygen mole fraction, initial particle size, and gas temperature. This approach is also able to correlate the particle burnouts of pulverized (70 mum) coal char particles in a drop tube reactor as a function of total pressure, oxygen mole fraction, gas and wall temperatures, and residence time. The ability of the model to correlate data over wide range of temperature and pressure is promising. C1 Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Univ Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hong, J (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2215 EP 2223 PN 2 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400090 ER PT J AU Domino, SP Smith, PJ AF Domino, SP Smith, PJ TI State space sensitivity to a prescribed probability density function shape in coal combustion systems: Joint beta-PDF versus clipped Gaussian PDF SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID MODEL AB The turbulent transport of three coal off-gas mixture fractions is coupled to a prescribed joint beta -probability-density-function (beta -PDF) mixing model. This physical transport and subgrid joint beta -PDF mixing model is used to explore the incorporation of coal off-gas compositional disparities between the devolatilization and the char oxidation regime in detailed pulverized-coal combustion simulations. A simulation study of die University of Utah pulverized-coal research furnace is presented to evaluate the sensitivity of different mixing model assumptions. These simulation studies indicate that using a variable composition to characterize the process of coal combustion does not appreciably change the predicted gas-phase temperature field. Moreover, neglecting fluctuations in the char off-gas stream was found to change gas-phase temperature predictions by approximately 15%, State space variable sensitivity to the assumed shape of the PDF (clipped Gaussian vs. joint beta) is presented. Simulation results indicate differences in temperature profiles of as much as 20% depending on the chosen shape of the PDF. Integration accuracy issues for the joint beta -PDF are presented and are found to be acceptable. A robust beta -PDF function evaluation procedure is presented that accommodates arbitrarily high beta -PDF distribution factors. This robust algorithm simply transforms the joint beta -PDF function evaluation into a logarithmic form. The assumption that a joint PDF, as rigorously required within a prescribed subgrid mixing model, can be written as the product of N - 1 statistically independent probability density functions is quantified and shown to be less accurate. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Chem & Fuels Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Domino, SP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2329 EP 2336 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400103 ER PT J AU Song, S Hanson, RK Bowman, CT Golden, DM AF Song, S Hanson, RK Bowman, CT Golden, DM TI Shock tube determination of the overall rate of NH2+NO -> products at high temperatures SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID BRANCHING RATIO; KINETIC MEASUREMENTS; RATE-CONSTANT; FLOW REACTOR; NH2; NO; AMMONIA; OXIDATION; MECHANISM; CHEMISTRY AB The rate coefficient of the reaction NH2 + NO --> products (R1) was determined in shock tube experiments using frequency modulation absorption spectroscopy for detection of NH2 Due to the sensitivity, of the diagnostic system, very low reactant concentrations could be employed to reduce the influence of secondary reactions on the NH2 profiles. The source of the NH2 radicals in the experiments was the thermal decomposition of CH3NH2. To determine k(1), a perturbation strategy was employed that is based on changes in the NH2 profiles when NO is added to the CH3NH2/Ar mixtures. Analysis showed that NH2 profiles in the CH3NH2/NO/Ar mixtures were sensitive primarily to reaction R1, with significantly lower sensitivity to the branching ratio and other NH2 reactions. The measured NH2 profiles were interpreted by detailed kinetic modeling to obtain k(1) values in the temperature range 1716-2507 K. The present k(1) values are consistent with recent theoretical results of Miller and coworkers. There is no evidence for a positive activation energy for this reaction at elevated temperatures as reported in several other high-temperature experimental studies. Combining the present high-temperature data with lower temperature detrminations yields the following simple expression for the overall reaction rate, k(1) = 2.08 x 10(16) T-1.34 cm(3)/mol s for the temperature range 300-2500 K. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Song, S (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2403 EP 2409 PN 2 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400112 ER PT J AU Blint, RJ Haworth, DC AF Blint, RJ Haworth, DC TI Modeling oxidation of exhaust gases diluted by air under exhaust manifold conditions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID HYDROCARBON OXIDATION AB Exhaust gases diluted by air can undergo oxidation reactions in the exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine. A potential benefit of these reactions is additional heat release in the exhaust manifold which can result in early catalyst light-off during cold start. Since early catalyst light-off significantly reduces hydrocarbon emissions over the federal test procedure (FTP) cycle, the actual oxidation of hydrocarbons and CO in the exhaust manifold becomes a secondary benefit. Air injected into the exhaust manifold is used to oxidize fuel-rich exhaust gases. Oxidation can be initiated by the heat from the exhaust gases as they exit the cylinder. However, since thermal ignition is difficult to accomplish and is very sensitive to exhaust manifold conditions, this work identifies the conditions under which the temperature of the exhaust gases (i.e., thermal ignition) can initiate oxidation. The highest temperature exhaust gases enter the exhaust manifold just after exhaust valve opening and are the most likely to ignite the mixture, In addition to the exhaust gas temperature, there are other competing parameters including exhaust gas composition, gas velocity, and heat loss to the wall, which determine the probability of initiation of oxidation in the exhaust manifold. Here, we introduce a model of exhaust manifold oxidation which allows the isolation and identification of the separate parameters to establish the direction and magnitude of each effect. C1 Gen Motors Corp, Ctr Res & Dev, Chemicaland Environm Sci Lab, Warren, MI 48090 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Blint, RJ (reprint author), Gen Motors Corp, Ctr Res & Dev, Chemicaland Environm Sci Lab, 30500 Mound Rd,Box 9055, Warren, MI 48090 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2451 EP 2457 PN 2 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400118 ER PT J AU Deppe, J Emelianov, A Eremin, A Jander, H Wagner, HG Zaslonko, I AF Deppe, J Emelianov, A Eremin, A Jander, H Wagner, HG Zaslonko, I TI Carbon particle formation and decay in two-step pyrolysis of carbon suboxide behind shock waves SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID SOOT FORMATION; FLAMES; TUBE AB The formation and decay of carbon particles following the pyrolysis of C3O2 was investigated behind reflected shock waves toward high temperatures. It is known that in hydrocarbon pyrolysis the temperature range for soot formation extends from about 1300 to 2200 K, That holds also for C3O2. Here, it could be observed that particle formation starts again above 2300 K and increases toward a maximum at around 3000 K, falling off steeply: above 3450 K. This maximum is nearly as high as that of the low-temperature particle yield curve at around 1600-1700 K. At temperatures above 3450 K, the process of particle disappearance behind the reflected shock wave was observed, which seems to depend on the history of their formation behind the incident shock wave. C1 Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Thermophys Extreme States, Moscow, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Chem Phys, Moscow, Russia. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Coll Wales, Aberystwyth SY23 3BZ, Dyfed, Wales. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Deppe, J (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, Tammannstr 6, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. RI Eremin, Alexander/K-9602-2014 OI Eremin, Alexander/0000-0002-6835-7933 NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2515 EP 2522 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400126 ER PT J AU Moriarty, NW Frenklach, M AF Moriarty, NW Frenklach, M TI Ab initio study of naphthalene formation by addition of vinylacetylene to phenyl SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID MOLLER-PLESSET; HYDROCARBONS AB Reaction pathways leading to the formation of naphthalene by the addition of vinylacetylene to phenyl were examined using density functional theory B3-LYP functionals with the standard triple-zeta basis set, 6-311G(d,p). The chemically activated reaction dynamics were examined employing time-dependent solution of master equations. The addition of phenyl to the triple bond of vinylacetylene was computed to be relatively slow, due to a substantial energy barrier of the intermediate rotation about the double bond. Addition of phenyl to die other end of a vinylacetylene molecule produced equally low rate constants. The most promising pathway appeared to be a two-step reaction sequence via the formation of phenyl-C4H3 molecules. The reaction rate evaluated for this pathway was very close to the value tested in prior flame simulations that demonstrated a dominant character of such a step for naphthalene fonnation. This indicates that the formation of naphthalene from phenyl and vinylacetylene may play a significant role in flame modeling of aromatic growth, and that the more favorable mechanism of the reaction may be a two-step sequence via the formation of a stable molecular intermediate rather than a "single" chemically activated path. The time-dependent solution of master equations revealed that at flame conditions typical of aromatic growth, the reaction system does not attain a steady state on a timescale of 1 ms. suggesting that dynamics of energy redistribution in such "elementary" reaction systems may need to be treated with inclusion of bimolecular reactions between energized adducts and gaseous partners. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Moriarty, NW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 17 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2563 EP 2568 PN 2 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400132 ER PT J AU Richter, H Benish, TG Mazyar, OA Green, WH Howard, JB AF Richter, H Benish, TG Mazyar, OA Green, WH Howard, JB TI Formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their radicals in a nearly sooting premixed benzene flame SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID INITIO MO/STATISTICAL THEORY; UNIMOLECULAR ISOMERIZATION/DECOMPOSITION; RATE CONSTANTS; COMBUSTION; PYROLYSIS; ACETYLENE; KINETICS; METHANE AB Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are associated with health hazardous effects, and combustion processes are major sources of their presence in atmospheric aerosols. In the present work, chemical reaction pathways of PAH formation have been investigated by means of the modeling of a nearly sooting, low-pressure, premixed, laminar, one-dimensional benzene/oxygen/argon flame (equivalence ratio phi = 1.8, 30% argon, gas velocity at burner at 298 K upsilon = 50 cm s(-1), pressure = 2.67 kPa). This flame has been investigated by Bittner and Howard using molecular-beam sampling coupled to mass spectrometry. More recently, Benish extended the set of available data for radicals up to 201 amu and for stable species up to 276 amu using nozzle-beam sampling followed by radical scavenging with dimethyl disulfide and subsequent analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. An existing kinetic model has been refined. Density functional theory computations were used to update the thermodynamic database, while transition state theory followed by a bimolecular quantum Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel analysis allowed for the determination of kinetic da;a relevant for the present study. The reaction of phenylacetylene radicals with acetylene is shown to be limiting for the concentration of l-naphthyl radicals, while naphthalene is formed mainly by self-combination of cyclopentadienyl. The insufficient consumption of PAH as well as acetylene beyond the reaction zone gives some evidence of the need of additional PAH growth pathways involving acetylene but the thermodynamically more favorable than subsequent hydrogen-abstraction/acetylene addition reactions. A new pathway for acenaphthylene formation is suggested and consists of benzyne recombination followed by hydrogen attack and isomerization. C1 MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Richter, H (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Green, William/C-9684-2012 OI Green, William/0000-0003-2603-9694 NR 42 TC 84 Z9 88 U1 3 U2 33 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2609 EP 2618 PN 2 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400138 ER PT J AU Bohm, H Lacas, F AF Bohm, H Lacas, F TI On extinction limits and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation in strained counterflow diffusion flames from 1 to 6 bar SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID PREMIXED METHANE; SOOT; PAH; TEMPERATURE; COMBUSTION; ACETYLENE AB The extinction limits of methane/nitrogen/air diffusion flames ill counterflow configuration were investigated by measurements and computations from 0.1 to 0.6 MPa. The numerical predictions were found to be in satisfactory agreement with the experiments for these conditions. The accuracy of the extinction limits at 0.1 MPa was better than 10%; at 0.3 MPa, it was better than 20%. Different reaction pathways leading to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation close to the extinction limits and in fuel-rich conditions were examined computationally in order to contribute to the understanding of die process of soot precursor formation at high pressures in more detail. UC;laser fluorescence measurements were performed to measure relative PAH concentrations at high pressures and a constant global strain rate of 200 s(-1). Profiles of selected species were computed. In the experiments and computations, the concentrations of PAHs, leading candidates for soot precursor formation, increased with increasing pressure. From the reaction flux analysis with respect to PAHs. it can be concluded that the strong incline of the aromatics with pressure is caused by the influence of combinative reaction steps. The calculated maximum concentration of the PAH C33Hx indicates non-sooting conditions for a methane/air flame burning at 0.3 MPa and a global strain rate of 200 s(-1), in agreement with the experiments. C1 Univ Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. CNRS, Lab EM2C, F-92295 Chatenay Malabry, France. ECP, F-92295 Chatenay Malabry, France. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, D-5100 Aachen, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Bohm, H (reprint author), Univ Bielefeld, Univ Str 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2627 EP 2634 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400140 ER PT J AU Clack, HL Koshland, CP Lucas, D Sawyer, RF AF Clack, HL Koshland, CP Lucas, D Sawyer, RF TI On the vaporization and thermal oxidation of chlorinated hydrocarbon/alcohol sprays SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID HAZARDOUS-WASTE; INCINERATION; IGNITION; DROPLETS AB We report species concentration data obtained during the vaporization and thermal decomposition of polydisperse multicomponent chlorinated hydrocarbon (CHC)/alcohol sprays. Mixtures of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (C2H3Cl3) (TCA) and isopropanol (C3H7OH) are atomized in the postflame environment of a methane/air (Phi = 0.95) flame. Species concentrations, determined by extractive Fourier transform infrared analysis, reveal perturbations in TCA destruction and by-product species formation. The effect of isopropanol addition on by-product species concentrations is similar to previous results involving the thermal oxidation of TCA/alkane mixtures. TCA destruction is incomplete at injection temperatures less than 1000 K. Under these conditions, TCA/isopropanol sprays produce lower residual TCA concentrations than pure TCA sprays. Review of physical property data. numerical modeling (to be published elsewhere), and comparisons with previous experimental results for TCA/heptane and TCA/hexadecane together suggest two primary findings. First, the conventional approach of parameterizing fuel volatility by the fuel saturation temperature at 101.3 kPa does not correlate with the trends evident in our data. For these fuel mixtures and conditions, the latent heat of vaporization (DeltaH(v)) provides a better correlation. Second, the data also suggest that, for incineration-resistant multicomponent mixtures, the molecular weights of mixture constituents may influence droplet combustion characteristics and should be considered when formulating waste-blending strategies. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Clack, HL (reprint author), IIT, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RI Sawyer, Robert/B-5013-2014 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2683 EP 2689 PN 2 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400147 ER PT J AU Fujita, O Takahashi, J Ito, K AF Fujita, O Takahashi, J Ito, K TI Experimental study on radiative ignition of a paper sheet in microgravity SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 2000 CL UNIV EDINBURGH, EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND HO UNIV EDINBURGH ID SOLID-FUEL AB An experimental study of radiative ignition of sheet paper has been performed in microactivity to determine the events occurring in ignition processes in a quiescent field. Experiments were conducted on filter paper using a CO2 laser with a mean incident flux of about 5.8 W/cm(2) in various oxygen concentrations (0%-35%) and at various pressures (0.5-2 atm). The laser beam was irradiated perpendicular to the sample surface. The ignition delay was measured for various experimental conditions with high-speed video images or HI-R video images taken in microgravity. The gas-phase and solid-surface temperature changes were observed by a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and an infrared camera. The results showed that the ignition delay became shorter with increases in oxygen concentration, and it was observed that the gas-phase temperature increased more than that of the solid surface. Further, the increase in gas-phase temperature was larger with oxygen that without oxygen, though there were increases in the gas-phase temperature even without oxygen. The results showed that chemical processes, such as gas-phase reactions are essential in the ignition mechanism, as are physical processes, such as heating the solid material, and gas-phase laser absorption. The research clearly showed the importance of each process by utilizing a non-convective flow field where gravitational forces were not acting. C1 Hokkaido Univ, Div Mech Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Fujita, O (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Div Mech Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. RI Fujita, Osamu/D-6797-2012 NR 13 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2000 VL 28 BP 2761 EP 2767 PN 2 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 452QN UT WOS:000169870400156 ER PT S AU Blue, CA Sikka, VK Ohriner, EK Engleman, PG Harper, DC AF Blue, CA Sikka, VK Ohriner, EK Engleman, PG Harper, DC BE Bakish, R TI Plasma arc lamp processing of materials SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON ELECTRON BEAM MELTING AND REFINING - STATE OF THE ART 2000 MILLENNIUM CONFERENCE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON ELECTRON BEAM MELTING AND REFINING - STATE OF THE ART LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th Electron Beam Melting and Refining - State of the Art 2000 Millennium Conference CY 2000 CL RENO, NV AB The radiant plasma arc process utilizes a unique technology to produce extremely high-power densities of up to 3.5 kW/cm(2) with a single lamp over broad areas, 3.175 cm by up to 35 cm, which is currently the most powerful one in the world. Further technology developments may triple these power densities. Instead of using an electrically heated resistive element to produce radiant energy, controlled and contained plasma is utilized. The lamp is presently being utilized at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for materials processing. This work includes fusing of coatings, heat treating, direct sheet fabrication, ceramics processing and melting. The area of melting has not been investigated in any depth but the salient advantages of the technology may be of interest to the electron beam melting and refining industries. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Infrared Proc Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Blue, CA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Infrared Proc Ctr, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BAKISH MATERIALS CORP PI ENGLEWOOD PA PO BOX 148, ENGLEWOOD, NJ 07631 USA SN 0740-8706 J9 P C ELECT B PY 2000 BP 77 EP 86 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA BS12M UT WOS:000168741900008 ER PT S AU McKoon, R AF McKoon, R BE Bakish, R TI Design and application of electron beam guns SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON ELECTRON BEAM MELTING AND REFINING - STATE OF THE ART 2000 MILLENNIUM CONFERENCE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON ELECTRON BEAM MELTING AND REFINING - STATE OF THE ART LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th Electron Beam Melting and Refining - State of the Art 2000 Millennium Conference CY 2000 CL RENO, NV C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McKoon, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BAKISH MATERIALS CORP PI ENGLEWOOD PA PO BOX 148, ENGLEWOOD, NJ 07631 USA SN 0740-8706 J9 P C ELECT B PY 2000 BP 103 EP 113 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA BS12M UT WOS:000168741900010 ER PT S AU McDonald, JM Lutz, TJ Youchison, DL AF McDonald, JM Lutz, TJ Youchison, DL BE Bakish, R TI Automated, fast response, power control operation of the Von Ardenne EH600S electron gun SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON ELECTRON BEAM MELTING AND REFINING - STATE OF THE ART 2000 MILLENNIUM CONFERENCE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON ELECTRON BEAM MELTING AND REFINING - STATE OF THE ART LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th Electron Beam Melting and Refining - State of the Art 2000 Millennium Conference CY 2000 CL RENO, NV AB The Plasma Materials Test Facility at Sandia National Laboratories uses two 600 kW, EH600S, Von Ardenne varioanode electron guns mounted horizontally onto a 3 m(3) vacuum vessel to make up the 1200 kW electron beam system or EB-1200. The EB-1200 is used to study the thermal response of medium sized, high heat flux test samples and components for use in magnetic fusion devices or as heat sinks or beam dumps in other high energy sources. This system is capable of producing 1200 kW of power with two 40kV electron beams for several hours or for pulsed operation as short as 5milliseconds. The experiments that are conducted with this system require repeatable beam and power deposition to each individual target. High power tetrode vacuum tube regulator circuits allow for fast, independent turn-on and turn-off of the electron guns. This paper discusses the EB-1200 power control system and the changes that have been made to the original system supplied by Von Ardenne to attain a desired power set-point quickly by operating in a computer-controlled power demand mode. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Fus Technol Dept 6428, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP McDonald, JM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Fus Technol Dept 6428, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BAKISH MATERIALS CORP PI ENGLEWOOD PA PO BOX 148, ENGLEWOOD, NJ 07631 USA SN 0740-8706 J9 P C ELECT B PY 2000 BP 114 EP 123 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA BS12M UT WOS:000168741900011 ER PT B AU Yoshida, R AF Yoshida, R BE Barreira, G Tome, B Gomes, A Maio, A Varanda, MJ TI Hera collider physics and calorimetry SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR 99) CY JUN 13-19, 1999 CL UNIV LISBON, MUSEUM SCI, LISBON, PORTUGAL SP LIP, Fdn Ciencia & Tecnol, Fdn Calouste Gulbenkian, Fdn Luso Amer Desenvolvimento, Cafes Delta, Banco Portugues Atlant, Biodinam HO UNIV LISBON, MUSEUM SCI ID H1 DETECTOR AB The main calorimetry at the HERA experiments ZEUS and H1 are reviewed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yoshida, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4304-9 PY 2000 BP 306 EP 317 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR60G UT WOS:000166932000035 ER PT B AU Wu, WM AF Wu, WM BE Barreira, G Tome, B Gomes, A Maio, A Varanda, MJ TI Physics capabilities of the CMS hadron calorimeter SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR 99) CY JUN 13-19, 1999 CL UNIV LISBON, MUSEUM SCI, LISBON, PORTUGAL SP LIP, Fdn Ciencia & Tecnol, Fdn Calouste Gulbenkian, Fdn Luso Amer Desenvolvimento, Cafes Delta, Banco Portugues Atlant, Biodinam HO UNIV LISBON, MUSEUM SCI AB This talk briefly describes the CMS hadron calorimeter technical design which allows it to reach the fundamental physics goals. Recent studies on di-jet mass, Higgs search and the single Top using CMSIM (a GEANT based simulation program) are presented. The talk emphasizes the jet finding and veto power at the calorimeter and the missing energy measurement. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, CMS Dept, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Wu, WM (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, CMS Dept, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4304-9 PY 2000 BP 394 EP 403 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR60G UT WOS:000166932000043 ER PT B AU Proudfoot, J AF Proudfoot, J BE Barreira, G Tome, B Gomes, A Maio, A Varanda, MJ TI Calorimetry using organic scintillators - "A sideways perspective" SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR 99) CY JUN 13-19, 1999 CL UNIV LISBON, MUSEUM SCI, LISBON, PORTUGAL SP LIP, Fdn Ciencia & Tecnol, Fdn Calouste Gulbenkian, Fdn Luso Amer Desenvolvimento, Cafes Delta, Banco Portugues Atlant, Biodinam HO UNIV LISBON, MUSEUM SCI ID CENTRAL ELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETER; FIBER READOUT; HADRON AB Over the last two decades, calorimetry based on organic scintillators has developed into an excellent technology for many experimental situations in high energy physics. The primary difficulty, that of extracting the light signals, has benefited from two milestone innovations. The first was the use of wavelength-shifting bars to allow light to be efficiently collected from large areas of scintillator and then readily piped to a readout device The second of these was the extension of this approach to plastic wavelength shifting optical fibers whose great flexibility and small diameter allowed a minimum of detector volume to be compromised by the readout. These two innovations coupled with inventiveness have produced many varied and successful calorimeters Equal response to both hadronic and electromagnetic showers can be realised in scintillator-based calorimeters However, in general this is not the case and it is likely that in the search For greater performance, in the future, combined tracking and calorimeter systems will be required. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Proudfoot, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9600 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4304-9 PY 2000 BP 463 EP 473 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR60G UT WOS:000166932000052 ER PT B AU Pellegrino, A AF Pellegrino, A BE Barreira, G Tome, B Gomes, A Maio, A Varanda, MJ TI Present status of calorimetry at ZEUS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR 99) CY JUN 13-19, 1999 CL UNIV LISBON, MUSEUM SCI, LISBON, PORTUGAL SP LIP, Fdn Ciencia & Tecnol, Fdn Calouste Gulbenkian, Fdn Luso Amer Desenvolvimento, Cafes Delta, Banco Portugues Atlant, Biodinam HO UNIV LISBON, MUSEUM SCI ID CONSTRUCTION AB We report on the performance of the ZEUS uranium-scintillator calorimeter and on the various additions and upgrades which have been made in order to enhance the capabilities of the ZEUS detector. We discuss in particular in-situ calibration techniques. These involve the study of kinematically over-determined physical processes, often in combination with tracking information for the reconstruction of the particle momenta. Furthermore, we illustrate the usage of position-sensing solid-state detectors in combination with calorimeters in order to reduce the systematic uncertainties and biases in the energy calibration and alignment. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Pellegrino, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4304-9 PY 2000 BP 499 EP 504 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR60G UT WOS:000166932000056 ER PT B AU Hoff, J Byon-Wagner, A Foster, GW Drake, G Lindgren, M AF Hoff, J Byon-Wagner, A Foster, GW Drake, G Lindgren, M BE Barreira, G Tome, B Gomes, A Maio, A Varanda, MJ TI Challenges associated with a low frequency charge integrator and encoder for the CDF II calorimeter SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR 99) CY JUN 13-19, 1999 CL UNIV LISBON, MUSEUM SCI, LISBON, PORTUGAL SP LIP, Fdn Ciencia & Tecnol, Fdn Calouste Gulbenkian, Fdn Luso Amer Desenvolvimento, Cafes Delta, Banco Portugues Atlant, Biodinam HO UNIV LISBON, MUSEUM SCI ID CIRCUITS AB The SMQIE is the newest member of the QIE family of integrated circuits. It has been developed specifically for the Shower Max Detector upgrade of the CDF Plug and Central Calorimeters at Fermilab. Like its predecessors, it converts charges over a wide dynamic range with a variable resolution. Unlike its predecessors it contains its own Flash, trigger delay pipeline and buffer area. Furthermore, it operates both at a lower frequency and with only a simple 5-volt power supply. The simultaneous requirements of low frequency and reduced voltage force the front end into a low current, high impedance regime. Specialized circuitry is necessary to prevent charge slopped-over into subsequent time slices. The considerable amount of digital circuitry monolithic with the analog front end makes for a noisy substrate. Specialized circuitry and layout techniques are necessary to keep this chip from being noise-limited. The final design is a two-channel single-ended Charge Integrator and Encoder (QIE) that operates at a frequency of 7.6MHz with a least significant bit resolution of 15 fC in its lowest range. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Hoff, J (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4304-9 PY 2000 BP 576 EP 582 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR60G UT WOS:000166932000065 ER PT B AU Carr, RD Fleischer, LK Leung, VJ Phillips, CA AF Carr, RD Fleischer, LK Leung, VJ Phillips, CA GP ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTING MACHINERY INC ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTING MACHINERY INC TI Strengthening integrality gaps for capacitated network design and covering problems SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH ANNUAL ACM-SIAM SYMPOSIUM ON DISCRETE ALGORITHMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual ACM/SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms CY JAN 09-11, 2000 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Soc Ind & Appl Math ID FAST APPROXIMATION ALGORITHMS; INEQUALITIES; KNAPSACK AB A capacitated covering IP is an integer program of the form min{cx \ Ux greater than or equal to d, 0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to b, x epsilon Z(+)}, where all entries of c, U, and d are nonnegative. Given such a formulation, the ratio between the optimal integer solution and the optimal solution to the linear program relaxation can be as bad as \\ d \\infinity, even when U consists of a single row. We show that by adding additional inequalities, this ratio can be improved significantly. In the general case, we show that the improved ratio is bounded by the maximum number of non-zero coefficients in a row of U, and provide a polynomial-time approximation algorithm to achieve this bound. This improves the previous best approximation algorithm which guaranteed a solution within the maximum row sum times optimum. We also show that for particular instances of capacitated covering problems, including the minimum knapsack problem and the capacitated network design problem, these additional inequalities yield even stronger improvements in the IP/LP ratio. For the minimum knapsack, we show that this improved ratio is at most 2. This is the first non-trivial IP/LP ratio for this basic problem. Capacitated network design generalizes the classical network design problem by introducing capacities on the edges, whereas previous work only considers the case when all capacities equal 1. For capacitated network design problems, we show that this improved ratio depends on a parameter of the graph, and we also provide polynomial-time approximation algorithms to match this bound. This improves on the best previous m-approximation, where m is the number of edges in the graph. We also discuss improvements for some other special capacitated covering problems, including the fixed charge network how problem. Finally, for the capacitated network design problem, we give some stronger results and algorithms for series parallel graphs and strengthen these further for outerplanar graphs. Most of our approximation algorithms rely on solving a single LP. When the original LP (before adding our strengthening inequalities) has a polynomial number of constraints, we describe a combinatorial FPTAS for the LP with our (exponentially-many) inequalities added. Our contribution here is to describe an appropriate separation algorithm to work in the setting of the FPTAS of Garg and Konemann. For exactly solving the LP using the ellipsoid method, we describe simpler separation routines. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM bobcarr@cs.sandia.gov; lisa@ieor.columbia.edu; vjleung@mp.sandia.gov; caphill@mp.sandia.gov NR 32 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA BN 0-89871-453-2 PY 2000 BP 106 EP 115 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BP59K UT WOS:000085602800017 ER PT B AU Carr, R Vempala, S AF Carr, R Vempala, S GP ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTING MACHINERY INC ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTING MACHINERY INC TI Towards a 4/3 approximation for the asymmetric traveling salesman problem SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH ANNUAL ACM-SIAM SYMPOSIUM ON DISCRETE ALGORITHMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual ACM/SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms CY JAN 09-11, 2000 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Soc Ind & Appl Math ID NETWORKS AB A long-standing conjecture in combinatorial optimization says that the integrality gap of the famous HeId-Karp relaxation of the symmetric TSP is precisely 4/3. In this paper, ne show that a slight strengthening of this conjecture implies a eight 4/3 integrality gap for a linear programming relaxation of the asymmetric TSP. This is surprising since no constant-factor approximation is known for the latter problem. Our main tools are a new characterization of the integrality gap for linear objective functions over polyhedra, and the isolation of "hard-to-round" solutions-of the relaxations. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM bobcarr@cs.sandia.gov; vempala@math.mit.edu NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA BN 0-89871-453-2 PY 2000 BP 116 EP 125 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BP59K UT WOS:000085602800018 ER PT B AU Carr, RD Doddi, S Konjevod, G Marathe, M AF Carr, RD Doddi, S Konjevod, G Marathe, M GP ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTING MACHINERY INC ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTING MACHINERY INC TI On the red-blue set cover problem SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH ANNUAL ACM-SIAM SYMPOSIUM ON DISCRETE ALGORITHMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual ACM/SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms CY JAN 09-11, 2000 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Soc Ind & Appl Math AB Given a finite set of "red" elements R, a finite set of "blue" elements B and a family S subset of or equal to 2(RUB), the red-blue set cover problem is to find a subfamily C subset of or equal to S which covers all blue elements, but which covers the minimum possible number of red elements. We note that RED-BLUE SET COVER is closely related to several combinatorial optimization problems studied earlier. These include the group Steiner problem, directed Steiner problem, minimum label path, minimum monotone satisfying assignment and symmetric label cover. From the equivalence of RED-BLUE SET COVER and MMSA(3) it follows that, unless P=NP, even the restriction of RED-BLUE SET COVER where every set contains only one blue and two red elements cannot be approximated to within O(2(log1-delta n)), where delta = 1/ log log(c) n, for any constant c < 1/2 (where n = S). We give integer programming formulations of the problem and use them to obtain a 2 root n approximation algorithm for the restricted case of RED-BLUE SET COVER in which every set contains only one blue element. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Carr, RD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 21 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA BN 0-89871-453-2 PY 2000 BP 345 EP 353 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BP59K UT WOS:000085602800047 ER PT B AU Phillips, CA Uma, RN Wein, J AF Phillips, CA Uma, RN Wein, J GP ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTING MACHINERY INC ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTING MACHINERY INC TI Off-line admission control for general scheduling problems SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH ANNUAL ACM-SIAM SYMPOSIUM ON DISCRETE ALGORITHMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual ACM/SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms CY JAN 09-11, 2000 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Soc Ind & Appl Math AB We consider a class of scheduling problems which includes a variety of problems that are exceedingly difficult to approximate (unless P=NP). In the face of very strong hardness results, we consider a relaxed notion of approximability and show that under this notion the problems yield constant-factor approximation algorithms (of a kind). Specifically we give a pseudopolynomial-time algorithm that, given an n-job instance whose optimal schedule has optimality criterion of value OPT, schedules a constant fraction of the n jobs within a constant factor times OPT. In many cases this can be converted to a fully polynomial-time algorithm. We then study the experimental performance of this algorithm and some additional heuristics. Specifically, we consider a set of instances of a one-machine scheduling problem that we have studied previously in the context of traditional approximation algorithms, where the goal is to optimize average weighted flow time. We show that for the instances that were hardest empirically for previous traditional approximation algorithms, a large fraction of the set of jobs can be scheduled using these techniques, with good performance. Our results are based on the existence of approximation algorithms for the nonpreemptive scheduling of jobs with release dates and due dates on one machine so as to maximise the (weighted) number of on-time jobs. As an additional contribution, we generalize the state of the art for such problems, giving the first constant-factor approximation algorithms for the problem of scheduling jobs with resource requirements and release and due dates so as to optimize the weighted number of on-time jobs. In turn, this result further broadens the class of problems to which we can apply our relaxed-approximation result. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Phillips, CA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA BN 0-89871-453-2 PY 2000 BP 879 EP 888 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BP59K UT WOS:000085602800116 ER PT B AU Gould, T DiSabatino, A Mitchell, M AF Gould, T DiSabatino, A Mitchell, M GP ANS ANS TI Plutonium disposition by immobilization SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers C1 LLNL, WSCR, Livermore, CA USA. RP Gould, T (reprint author), LLNL, WSCR, Livermore, CA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 13 EP 15 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700002 ER PT B AU Pak, D Brummond, W AF Pak, D Brummond, W GP ANS ANS TI Material transfer system in support of the Plutonium Immobilization Program SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Pak, D (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, LLNL, POB 808,MS L-394, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 20 EP 21 PG 2 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700004 ER PT B AU Peterson, KD AF Peterson, KD GP ANS ANS TI A robotic system for automated handling of ceramic pucks SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Peterson, KD (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 26 EP 29 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700006 ER PT B AU Adams, TM Peacock, HB Sindelar, RL Iyer, NC Swift, WF Rhode, FC Brooks, HM AF Adams, TM Peacock, HB Sindelar, RL Iyer, NC Swift, WF Rhode, FC Brooks, HM GP ANS ANS TI Melt-dilute treatment technology for aluminum-based research reactor fuel SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB This paper summarizes the development of the Melt-Dilute treatment technology for disposal of aluminum-based spent nuclear fuel. The Melt-Dilute (M-D) treatment technology includes three basic component technologies of. 1) the melt-dilute process; 2) casting process and 3) off-gas treatment. Additional development activities leading to construction of an integrated facility to treat and store the melt-dilute form at the Savannah River Site, ready for shipment to the federal repository, are also underway. A phased program to implement the M-D treatment technology is described. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Adams, TM (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 41 EP 45 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700009 ER PT B AU Adams, TM Peacock, HB Sindelar, RL AF Adams, TM Peacock, HB Sindelar, RL GP ANS ANS TI The melt-dilute disposition option for U-233 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB The Melt-Dilute treatment technology is being developed by the Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC) for treatment of aluminum-base spent nuclear fuel. The MD technology has applicability for treatment of U-233 oxide stored in either aluminum or stainless steel cans at Oak Ridge. This technology not only reduces the risk for criticality but also reduces proliferation concerns by diluting the fissile material to less the 12% U-233 and less than 20% U-235. The resulting alloy is then dry stored temporarily in road-ready canisters until ultimate disposal in a geologic repository. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Adams, TM (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 46 EP 50 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700010 ER PT B AU Duncan, AJ Adams, TM Peacock, HB AF Duncan, AJ Adams, TM Peacock, HB GP ANS ANS TI Off-gas system development for the melt-dilute treatment of aluminum-based spent nuclear fuel SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB The Melt-Dilute treatment for aluminum-based spent nuclear fuel involves melting of the fuel to form a liquid solution of uranium-aluminum at a temperature of approximately 850 degreesC.. The containment and capture of the gaseous and volatile fission products potentially released at these temperatures is one of the key elements of the treatment process. Thermodynamic calculations have been performed to estimate the quantity and type of fission products released from a typical melt-dilute process. Cesium is established to be the primary fission product potentially released at these temperatures. A testing program has been systematically implemented studying off-gas-releases with non-radioactive surrogates in bench-scale and small-scale tests. The results showed that zeolite 4A is effective at trapping cesium from off-gas streams. Tests on irradiated fuel were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of an off-gas system in capturing volatized fission products. The results confirm that zeolite 4A adsorber beds are effective at capturing cesium. The evolution of volatized species from melted fuel and the irradiated testing results of laboratory-scale off-gas capture testing are discussed in this paper. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Duncan, AJ (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 51 EP 57 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700011 ER PT B AU Gourishankar, KV Karell, EJ Everhart, RE Indacochea, E AF Gourishankar, KV Karell, EJ Everhart, RE Indacochea, E GP ANS ANS TI Electrometallurgical treatment of degraded N-reactor fuel SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB N-Reactor fuel constitutes almost 80% of the entire mass of the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) spent fuel inventory. The current plan for disposition of this fuel calls for interim dry storage, followed by direct repository disposal. However, this approach may not be viable for the entire inventory of N-Reactor fuel. The physical condition and chemical composition of much of the fuel have changed during the period that it has been in storage. The cladding of many of the fuel elements has been breached, allowing the metallic uranium fuel to react with water in the storage pools producing uranium oxides (UxOy) and uranium hydride (UH3). Even if the breached fuel is placed in dry storage, it may continue to undergo significant changes caused by the reaction of exposed uranium with any remaining water in the container. Uranium oxides, uranium hydride, and hydrogen gas are expected to form as a result of this reaction. The presence of potentially explosive hydrogen and uranium hydride, which under certain conditions is pyrophoric, raises technical concerns that will need to be addressed. The electrometallurgical treatment process developed by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) has potential for conditioning degraded N-Reactor fuel for long-term storage or disposal. The first step in evaluating the applicability of this process is the preparation of degraded fuel that is similar to the actual degraded N-Reactor fuel. Subsequently, the simulated degraded fuel can be introduced into an electrorefiner to examine the effect of corrosion products on the electrorefining process. Some of the technical issues to be resolved include the viability of direct electrorefining without a head-end reduction step, the effect of adherent corrosion products on the electrorefining kinetics, and the recovery and treatment of loose corrosion products that pull away from the degraded fuel. This paper presents results from an experimental study of the preparation, characterization, and subsequent electrometallurgical treatment of samples of simulated degraded N-Reactor fuel. The results of the fuel preparation and characterization effort show that the corrosion product obtained is a mixture Of UO2 and UH3. The mass of corrosion product formed and the relative ratios Of UO2 and UH3 can be easily controlled by altering the reaction conditions during the preparation of the simulated fuel. This allows for the simulation of a wide range of actual degraded fuel compositions. The results of the electrorefining experiments indicate that degraded N-Reactor fuel can be directly electrorefined without a head-end step. The presence of adherent corrosion products on the degraded fuel did not adversely affect the electrorefining kinetics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gourishankar, KV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 65 EP 72 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700013 ER PT B AU Mitchell, M Pugh, D Wang, TF AF Mitchell, M Pugh, D Wang, TF GP ANS ANS TI Nondestructive evaluation and assay for the plutonium ceramification test facility SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers C1 LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. RP Mitchell, M (reprint author), LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 148 EP 150 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700024 ER PT B AU Totemeier, TC Dietz, NL AF Totemeier, TC Dietz, NL GP ANS ANS TI Morphologies of uranium deposits produced during electrorefining of EBR-II spent nuclear fuel SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB The morphologies of U metal samples from deposits produced by electrorefining of Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-H) spent fuel were examined using scanning electron microscopy, energy- and wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and metallography. The morphologies were analyzed to find correlations with the chemistry of the samples, the ER run conditions, and the deposit performance. A rough correlation was observed between morphology and Zr concentration; samples with Zr contents greater than approximately 200 ppm showed fine-gained, polycrystalline dendritic morphologies, while samples with Zr contents less than approximately 100 ppm were comprised of agglomerations or linked chains of rhomboidal single crystals. There were few correlations found between morphology, run conditions, and deposit performance. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. RP Totemeier, TC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 159 EP 166 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700026 ER PT B AU Fanning, TH Morss, LR AF Fanning, TH Morss, LR GP ANS ANS TI Degradation modeling of the ANL ceramic waste form SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB A ceramic waste form composed of glass-bonded sodalite is being developed at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) for immobilization and disposition of the molten salt waste stream from the electrometallurgical treatment process for metallic DOE spent nuclear fuel. As part of the spent fuel treatment program at ANL, a model is being developed to predict the long-term release of radionuclides under repository conditions. Dissolution tests using dilute, pH-buffered solutions have been conducted at 40, 70, and 90 degreesC to determine the temperature and pH dependence of the dissolution rate. Parameter values measured in these tests have been incorporated into the model, and preliminary repository performance assessment modeling has been completed. Results indicate that the ceramic waste form should be acceptable in a repository environment. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Anal Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Fanning, TH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Anal Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 190 EP 197 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700030 ER PT B AU Adams, JP Dahl, CA Ramer, RJ Rynearson, MA AF Adams, JP Dahl, CA Ramer, RJ Rynearson, MA GP ANS ANS TI Treatment of Fermi blanket SNF using laser declad/wash technology SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB The National Spent Nuclear Fuel (NSNF) Program evaluated and upgraded a laser treatment for sodium-clad spent nuclear fuel (SNF) in preparation for this SNF type to meet the acceptance requirements for final disposal in a Monitored Geologic Repository. The technology investigated uses a laser to cut and remove the cladding and then washes the removed cladding and bare uranium slugs in a series of alcohol/water mixtures to remove and neutralize the sodium. This preconceptual study evaluated (a) previously used technology to determine potential enhancements, (b) three product streams (washed uranium, cladding hulls and assembly hardware, and solidified wash effluent) to identify potential disposition paths that meet current waste acceptance criteria, (c) issues associated with deployment of this technology at the Test Area North hot cells at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory for treatment of sodium-bonded SNF irradiated in the Enrico Fermi Reactor, and (d) an estimate of the costs associated with treatment of the Fermi SNF using this technology. This preliminary study concludes that this process is technologically feasible for the task and that it would cost approximately $133M to treat the Fermi blanket SNF using this process. An expanded evaluation will be conducted prior to final conclusion. C1 Bechtel BWXT Idaho LLC, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Adams, JP (reprint author), Bechtel BWXT Idaho LLC, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 198 EP 204 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700031 ER PT B AU Lell, RM Agrawal, R Morris, EE AF Lell, RM Agrawal, R Morris, EE GP ANS ANS TI Disposal criticality analysis for the ceramic waste form from the anl electrometallurgical treatment process - Internal configurations SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB Criticality safety issues for disposal of the ANL ceramic waste were examined for configurations within the waste package. Co-disposal of ceramic waste and DOE spent fuel is discussed briefly; co-disposal of ANL ceramic and metal wastes is examined in detail. Calculations indicate that no significant potential for criticality exists until essentially all of the important neutron absorbers are flushed from the degraded ceramic waste. Even if all of the neutron absorbers are removed from the ceramic waste rubble, the package remains far subcritical if the blended salts used in ceramic waste production have an initial U-235 enrichment below 40%. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Anal Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lell, RM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Anal Div, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 208, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 207 EP 213 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700032 ER PT B AU Schaefer, RW Klann, RT Koltyshev, SM Krechetov, S AF Schaefer, RW Klann, RT Koltyshev, SM Krechetov, S GP ANS ANS TI Criticality safety issues in the disposition of BN-350 spent fuel SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB A criticality safety analysis has been performed as part of the BN-350 spent fuel disposition project being conducted jointly by the DOE and Kazakhstan. The Kazakhstan regulations are reasonably consistent with those of the DOE. The high enrichment and severe undermoderation of this fast reactor fuel has significant criticality safety consequences. A detailed modeling approach was used that showed some configurations to be safe that otherwise would be rejected. Reasonable requirements for design and operations were needed, and with them, all operations were found to be safe. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. RP Schaefer, RW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, POB 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 214 EP 221 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700033 ER PT B AU Lell, RM Pope, CL AF Lell, RM Pope, CL GP ANS ANS TI Criticality safety requirements for transporting EBR-II fuel bottles stored at INTEC SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB Two carrier/shipping cask options are being developed to transport bottles of EBR-II fuel elements stored at INTEC. Some fuel bottles are intact, but some have developed leaks. Reactivity control requirements to maintain subcriticality during the hypothetical transport accident have been examined for both transport options for intact and leaking bottles. Poison rods, poison sleeves, and dummy filler bottles were considered; several possible poison materials and several possible dummy filler materials were studied. The minimum number of poison rods or dummy filler bottles has been determined for each carrier for transport of intact and leaking bottles. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Anal Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lell, RM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Anal Div, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 208, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 222 EP 227 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700034 ER PT B AU Lee, SY Sindelar, RL AF Lee, SY Sindelar, RL GP ANS ANS TI Thermal analysis of codisposal waste packages in a geologic repository SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB The engineering viability of disposal of spent nuclear fuel in a geologic repository requires a thermal analysis to provide the temperature history of the fuel waste form within the disposal package. Calculated temperatures are used to demonstrate compliance with criteria for waste acceptance into the Mined Geologic Disposal System and as input to assess the chemical and physical behavior of the waste form within the Waste Package (WP). A thermal analysis methodology has been developed and applied to calculate peak temperatures and temperature profiles of melt-dilute Aluminum-clad aluminum-based Spent Nuclear Fuel (Al-SNF) in the DOE spent nuclear fuel canister within the geologic codisposal WP. A macro model to include geologic medium surrounding the WP is coupled to a codisposal WP model to compute detailed temperature distribution over the entire region internal to the package. The macro model provides the best-estimate boundary conditions to the codisposal WP model under possible geologic repository conditions. The results of the thermal analyses using these models show that the melt-dilute fuel waste form remains below 350 degreesC and satisfies waste acceptance criteria under reference boundary conditions. A period of 16 years cooling time from reactor operation for the decay heat loads of the SNF and the High-level Waste Glass Log (HWGL) regions is used as one of the geologic reference boundary conditions. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Tech Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Lee, SY (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Tech Ctr, Bdg 773-42A, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 237 EP 245 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700036 ER PT B AU McKnight, RD AF McKnight, RD GP ANS ANS TI ANL calculational methodologies for determining spent nuclear fuel source term SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB Over the last decade Argonne National Laboratory has developed reactor depletion methods and models to determine radionuclide inventories of irradiated EBR-H fuels. Predicted masses based on these calculational. methodologies have been validated using available data from destructive measurements - first from measurements of lead EBR-II experimental test assemblies and later using data obtained from processing irradiated EBR-II fuel assemblies in the Fuel Conditioning Facility. Details of these generic methodologies are described herein. Validation results demonstrate these methods meet the FCF operations and material control and accountancy requirements. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Anal Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP McKnight, RD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Anal Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 253 EP 258 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700038 ER PT B AU Morris, EE Fanning, TH Feldman, EE Petri, MC AF Morris, EE Fanning, TH Feldman, EE Petri, MC GP ANS ANS TI Repository performance assessment of waste forms from the electrometallurgical treatment of sodium-bonded spent nuclear fuel SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB The ceramic and metal waste forms produced by electrometallurgical treatment of sodium-bonded spent nuclear fuel are undergoing evaluation as to how they will perform within the geologic repository which is proposed to be built at Yucca Mountain. An initial assessment, making use of preliminary degradation models for the waste forms, is described. The analyses are performed with a simplified version of the Total System Performance Assessment Viability Assessment repository model. Results indicate that the ability of the ceramic and metal waste forms to retain radionuclides is similar to and sometimes better than defense high-level waste glass. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Anal Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Morris, EE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Anal Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 259 EP 265 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700039 ER PT B AU Pahl, RG AF Pahl, RG GP ANS ANS TI Degradation of EBR-II driver fuel during wet storage SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB Characterization data is reported for sodium bonded Experimental Breeder Reactor II (EBR-II) fuel which had been stored underwater in containers since the late 1970's. Sixteen stainless steel storage containers were retrieved from the CPP-603 storage pool at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) in Idaho. Ten of the containers had leaked water due to improper sealing. In the container chosen for detailed destructive analysis, the stainless steel cladding on the uranium alloy fuel had ruptured and fuel oxide sludge filled the bottom of the container. Headspace gas analysis determined that greater than 99% hydrogen was present. Cesium 137, which had leached out of the fuel during the aqueous corrosion process, dominated the radionuclide source term of the water. The metallic sodium from the fuel element bond had reacted with the water, forming a caustic solution of NaOH. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. RP Pahl, RG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 269 EP 275 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700040 ER PT B AU Loscoe, PG Wilkinson, RB Gerber, MS AF Loscoe, PG Wilkinson, RB Gerber, MS GP ANS ANS TI Overview of Hanford's spent nuclear fuel project SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB Since 1994, DOE and its contractors have been engaged in a project to move 2,100 metric tons (2,300 tons) of spent nuclear fuel from wet storage in the Hanford Site's K Basins near the Columbia River, to interim dry storage in a new facility 15 km ( 9 miles) away from the river. The spent fuel - which represents 80% (by weight) of DOE's total inventory- is Zircaloy-clad metallic uranium and was discharged from the N-reactor between about 1973 and 1989. Some of the fuel was damaged in the discharge process and has subsequently corroded during its years of wet storage. This paper provides an overview of the process by which the spent fuel will be retrieved, cleaned, repackaged, vacuum dried and put into safe, interim dry storage, and a description of the major systems and facilities involved. C1 US DOE, Richland Operat Off, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Loscoe, PG (reprint author), US DOE, Richland Operat Off, POB 550, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 301 EP 306 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700044 ER PT B AU Morton, DK Snow, SD Rahl, TE Ware, AG Smith, NL AF Morton, DK Snow, SD Rahl, TE Ware, AG Smith, NL GP ANS ANS TI Highlights associated with the development of the standardized DOE SNF canister SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB The National Spent Nuclear Fuel Program (NSNFP), operating from the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), developed the standardized Department of Energy (DOE) spent nuclear fuel (SNF) canister. This canister is to be loaded with DOE SNF and then be used during interim storage, during transportation to the nation's repository, and for final disposal at the repository without having to be reopened. The canister has been fully designed and has completed significant testing that clearly demonstrates that it can safely achieve its intended design goals. C1 INEEL, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Morton, DK (reprint author), INEEL, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 334 EP 338 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700048 ER PT B AU Liaw, JR Liu, YY AF Liaw, JR Liu, YY GP ANS ANS TI Criticality control in shipments of fissile materials SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB This paper describes a procedure for finite-array criticality analysis to ensure criticality safety of shipments of fissile materials in U.S. DOE-certified packages. After the procedure has been performed, one can obtain the minimum transport index and determine the maximum number of fissile packages allowable in a shipment that meets the 10 CFR 71 criticality safety requirements. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Technol Dev Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Liaw, JR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Technol Dev Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 347 EP 352 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700050 ER PT B AU Ammerman, DJ Breivik, NL AF Ammerman, DJ Breivik, NL GP ANS ANS TI Use of inelastic analysis in cask design SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of inelastic analysis are discussed. Example calculations and designs showing the implications and significance of factors affecting inelastic analysis are given. From the results described in this paper it can be seen that inelastic analysis provides an improved method for the design of casks. It can also be seen that additional code and standards work is needed to give designers guidance in the use of inelastic analysis. Development of these codes and standards is an area where there is a definite need for additional work. The authors hope that this paper will help to define the areas where that need is most acute. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Transportat Safety & Secur Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ammerman, DJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Transportat Safety & Secur Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 353 EP 358 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700051 ER PT B AU Gray, WJ Wester, DW AF Gray, WJ Wester, DW GP ANS ANS TI Repository-related dissolution test results on MOX spent fuel SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB The pellet/cladding gap regions of the MOX spent fuel tested in this project contain-most of the I-129 (59-92%) and Cs-137 (similar to 81%) in the fuel. That portion of these soluble radionuclides that are located in the gap are readily available for immediate dissolution should water penetrate both a failed waste container and failed fuel cladding in a geologic repository, The microstructure of this MOX fuel apparently Consists Of PuO2 particles (or small regions) dispersed within a matrix that is predominantly UO2 Flowthrough dissolution test data indicate that the UO2 phase dissolves much faster than the PuO2 phase. However, the flowthrough results also indicate that the UO2 phase in the MOX fuel dissolves somewhat slower than pure UO2 (LWR) fuels in bicarbonate test solutions. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gray, WJ (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Labs, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 361 EP 368 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700052 ER PT B AU McKnight, RD Krsul, JR AF McKnight, RD Krsul, JR GP ANS ANS TI Validation results based on the Spent Fuel Demonstration Program at FCF SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers ID BURNUP AB Over the last decade Argonne National Laboratory has developed reactor depletion methods and models to determine radionuclide inventories of irradiated EBR-II fuels. A brief description of these burnup methodologies is presented herein. Predicted masses for the irradiated Zirconium-alloy driver fuel based on these calculational methodologies have been validated using available data from destructive measurements - first from measurements of lead EBR-II experimental test assemblies and later using data obtained from processing irradiated EBR-II fuel assemblies in the Fuel Conditioning Facility. The results of Analytical Laboratory measurements obtained for EBR-II driver fuel samples obtained over the duration of the Spent Fuel Demonstration Program are compared with calculated values. These validation results demonstrate these methods meet the FCF operations and material control and accountancy requirements. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP McKnight, RD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 379 EP 384 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700054 ER PT B AU Cole, JD Reber, EL Drigert, MW Jewell, JK Aryaeinejad, R AF Cole, JD Reber, EL Drigert, MW Jewell, JK Aryaeinejad, R GP ANS ANS TI The Multi-Detector Analysis System SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers ID SPONTANEOUS FISSION; NEUTRON MULTIPLICITIES; OCTUPOLE DEFORMATION; BAND STRUCTURES; FRAGMENT PAIRS; CF-252; IDENTIFICATION; ISOTOPES; YIELDS; COLD AB The Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) Non-Destructive Analysis (NDA) program at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) is developing the Multi-Detector Analysis System (MDAS) to characterize SNF for fissile mass, radiation source term, and fissile isotopic content. MDAS utilizes the underlying physics of the fission process and the vast improvements in available signal processing and analysis instrumentation, which has come out of the physics research community over the last twenty years. MDAS is the integration of two techniques and is an active method. The first technique uses coincidence neutrons to determine the quantity of fissile material present. The second technique uses coincidence gamma-rays to determine the ratios of the fissile and fissionable material by identifying the two fission fragments promptly produced by the fissioning nuclei. Both of these techniques rely heavily on the use of fast (nanosecond range) coincidence timing techniques to enhance the detection probability of prompt radiation associated with the fission process over the high background radiation arising from the long-lived decay chains present in SNF. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Cole, JD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625,Mail Stop 6000, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 385 EP 394 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700055 ER PT B AU Klann, RT AF Klann, RT GP ANS ANS TI Development of reference materials for SNFNDA systems SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB The Department of Energy has over 200 different fuel types which will be placed in a geologic repository for ultimate disposal. At the present time, DOE EM is responsible for assuring safe existing conditions, achieving interim storage, and preparing for final disposition. Each task is governed by regulations which dictate a certain degree of knowledge regarding the contents and condition of the fuel. This knowledge and other associated characteristics are referred to as data needs. It is the position of DOE EM that personnel and economic resources are not available to obtain the necessary data to characterize each individual fuel type for final disposal documentation purposes. In addition, it is beyond the need of DOE to do so. This report describes the effort to classify the 200+ fuel types into a subset of fuel types for the purpose of nondestructive analysis (NDA) measurement system development and demonstration testing in support of the DOE National Spent Nuclear Fuel (NSNFP) Program. The fuel types have been grouped into 37 groups based on fuel composition, fuel form, assembly size, enrichment, and other characteristics which affect NDA measurements (e.g. neutron poisons). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Klann, RT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 395 EP 405 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700056 ER PT B AU Totemeier, TC AF Totemeier, TC GP ANS ANS TI Technical investigation of a pyrophoric event involving corrosion products from HEU ZPPR fuel plates SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers ID URANIUM AB A pyrophoric event recently occurred which involved corrosion products collected from highly-enriched uranium (HEU) fuel plates used in the Zero Power Physics Reactor (ZPPR). This paper summarizes the event and its background, and presents the results of an investigation into its source and mechanism. The investigation focused on characterization of corrosion product samples similar to those involved in the event using thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Burning curve TGA tests were performed to measure the ignition temperature and hydride fractions of corrosion products in several different conditions to assess the effects of passivation treatment and long-term storage on chemical reactivity. The hydride fraction and ignition temperature of the corrosion products were found to be strongly dependent on the corrosion extent of the source metal. The results indicate that the energy source for the event was a considerable quantity of uranium hydride present in the corrosion products, but the specific ignition mechanism could not be identified. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. RP Totemeier, TC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 406 EP 413 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700057 ER PT B AU Johnson, JV Brabazon, EJ AF Johnson, JV Brabazon, EJ GP ANS ANS TI Design of the MOX fuel fabrication facility SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB A consortium of Duke Engineering and Services, Inc., COGEMA, Inc. and Stone & Webster (DCS) are designing a mixed oxide fuel fabrication facility (MFFF) for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to convert surplus plutonium to mixed oxide (MOX) fuel to be irradiated in commercial nuclear power plants based on the proven European technology of COGEMA and BELGONUCLEAIRE. This paper describes the MFFF processes, and how the proven MOX fuel fabrication technology is being adapted as required to comply with U.S. requirements. C1 US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Johnson, JV (reprint author), US DOE, 1000 Independence Ave, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 423 EP 429 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700059 ER PT B AU Chang, GS Ryskamp, JM AF Chang, GS Ryskamp, JM GP ANS ANS TI Burnup and fast neutron fluence in a MOX fuel experiment SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB An experiment containing weapons-derived mixed oxide (WD-MOX) fuel has been designed and is being irradiated in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). The uninstrumented test assembly containing nine MOX fuel capsules with neutron monitor wires was inserted into the ATR, in support of potential licensing of MOX fuel made from weapons-derived plutonium and natural / depleted uranium for use in U. S. reactors. The main goal of this test program is to demonstrate that substitution of WD plutonium does not affect the irradiation performance of the fuel so that the existing reactor-grade (RG) MOX experience base remains applicable. Important neutronics parameters were computed using the novel MCNP coupling with ORIGEN-2 (MCWO) methodology. The ability to accurately predict MOX fuel stack power, burnup, and capsule fast neutron fluence are essential in the WD-MOX fuel capsule design and the irradiated MOX fuel performance evaluation. We obtained the required detailed power, burnup, and fast neutron fluence distributions and linear heat generation rates (LHGR) within each capsule for the MOX fuel pin performance analyses. The MCWO-calculated fast neutron fluences and MOX fuel burnup are in a good agreement with the measurement data. C1 INEEL, Bechtel BWXT Idaho LLC, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Chang, GS (reprint author), INEEL, Bechtel BWXT Idaho LLC, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 430 EP 439 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700060 ER PT B AU Chamberlain, DB Bakel, AJ Buck, EC Hash, MC Mertz, CJ Nole, MK Basco, JK Wolf, SF AF Chamberlain, DB Bakel, AJ Buck, EC Hash, MC Mertz, CJ Nole, MK Basco, JK Wolf, SF GP ANS ANS TI The impact of brannerite on the release of plutonium and gadolinium during the corrosion of zirconolite-rich titanate ceramics SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB Titanate ceramics have been selected as the preferred waste form for the immobilization of excess plutonium. Corrosion tests are underway to try to understand the long-term behavior of this material. In this paper, results from PCT-B static dissolution tests are used to characterize the observed corrosion behavior of a zirconolite-based ceramic. Two important observations are made. First, Ca is released at a constant rate [7x10(-5) g/(m(2) day)] in PCT-B tests for up to two years. Second, the release rates for Pu and Gd increase with time (up to two years) in PCT-B tests. The first observation suggests that the ceramics continue to corrode at a low rate for at least two years in PCT-B tests. The second observation suggests that the release rates of Pu and Gd are controlled by some process or processes that do not affect the release rate of Ca. Evidence indicates that this is due to the preferential dissolution of brannerite from the ceramic. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chamberlain, DB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Buck, Edgar/D-4288-2009; Buck, Edgar/N-7820-2013 OI Buck, Edgar/0000-0001-5101-9084 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 443 EP 448 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700061 ER PT B AU Herman, CC Ebbinghaus, B AF Herman, CC Ebbinghaus, B GP ANS ANS TI Process development testing in support of the plutonium immobilization program SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers AB As an integral part of the plutonium immobilization program, formulation and process development is being performed to optimize the parameters necessary for the immobilization of surplus plutonium in a titanate-based ceramic. Small-scale process and lab-scale functionally prototypic equipment has been tested to help define the immobilization process. The testing has included nonradioactive surrogates and actual actinide oxides. A summary of the process development studies, as well as the formulation studies relevant to the process, is provided. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Herman, CC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Westinghouse Savannah River Co, POB 808,MS L-394, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 457 EP 458 PG 2 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700063 ER PT B AU Herman, DT Biehl, WE AF Herman, DT Biehl, WE GP ANS ANS TI Milling and blending of ceramic powders for the Plutonium Immobilization Program SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING ON DOE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND FISSILE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Embedded Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Material Management CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Fuel Cycle & Waste Management Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Nucl Critical Safety Div, Amer Nucl Soc, Robot & Remote Syst Div, Amer Inst Chem Engineers C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Herman, DT (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Westinghouse Savannah River Co, POB 808,MS L-394, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-648-9 PY 2000 BP 459 EP 460 PG 2 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT20S UT WOS:000172264700064 ER PT B AU Adams, DP Vasile, MJ Picard, YN AF Adams, DP Vasile, MJ Picard, YN GP ASPE ASPE TI Focused ion beam shaped micro-cutting tools for fabricating curvilinear features SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PRECISION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Precision-Engineering CY OCT 22-27, 2000 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ SP Amer Soc Precis Engn, Elsevier Sci, European Soc Precis Engn & Nanotechnol, Japan Soc Precis Engn DE microtools; micromachining; ultraprecision AB This work combines focused ion beam (FIB) sputtering and ultraprecision machining as a first step in fabricating polymer, ceramic and metal alloy microcomponents. Focused ion sputtering is used to shape a variety of miniature cutting tools including microgrooving / threading tools. Tools are made of cobalt M42 high speed steel or C2 grade tungsten carbide, and have cutting widths between 10 and 30 mum. FEB sputtering is useful for shaping tools, because this numerically controlled technique reproducibly affords sub-micron dimensional resolution, different tool geometries and sharp tool cutting edges. Micro-grooving/threading tools consist of nonplanar facets with well-defined lengths and relative angles. Facets provide back rake, side rake and clearance taper behind cutting edges. Selected results from ultraprecision machining are also presented. This includes lathe machining of helical grooves in PMMA and Macor(TM) cylindrical workpieces. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Adams, DP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PRECISION ENGINEERING PI RALEIGH PA 401 OBERLIN RD, SUITE 108, PO BOX 10826, RALEIGH, NC 27605-0826 USA BN 1-887706-24-0 PY 2000 BP 176 EP 179 PG 4 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BU29J UT WOS:000175586200044 ER PT B AU Jokiel, B Bieg, LF Ensz, M AF Jokiel, B Bieg, LF Ensz, M GP ASPE ASPE TI Development of an independent real-time position feedback device for CNC machining operations SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PRECISION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Precision-Engineering CY OCT 22-27, 2000 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ SP Amer Soc Precis Engn, Elsevier Sci, European Soc Precis Engn & Nanotechnol, Japan Soc Precis Engn DE real-time; feedback; spatial; coordinate; metrology C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Jokiel, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PRECISION ENGINEERING PI RALEIGH PA 401 OBERLIN RD, SUITE 108, PO BOX 10826, RALEIGH, NC 27605-0826 USA BN 1-887706-24-0 PY 2000 BP 316 EP 319 PG 4 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BU29J UT WOS:000175586200079 ER PT B AU Blaedel, KL Swift, DW Tajbakhsh, H AF Blaedel, KL Swift, DW Tajbakhsh, H GP ASPE ASPE TI A proposed method for the dimensional metrology of non-rigid objects SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PRECISION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Precision-Engineering CY OCT 22-27, 2000 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ SP Amer Soc Precis Engn, Elsevier Sci, European Soc Precis Engn & Nanotechnol, Japan Soc Precis Engn DE dimensional metrology; FEA accuracy; measurement uncertainty C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Blaedel, KL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808 L-537, Livermore, CA USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PRECISION ENGINEERING PI RALEIGH PA 401 OBERLIN RD, SUITE 108, PO BOX 10826, RALEIGH, NC 27605-0826 USA BN 1-887706-24-0 PY 2000 BP 462 EP 464 PG 3 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BU29J UT WOS:000175586200118 ER PT B AU Hale, LC Hudyma, RM Taylor, JS Thigpen, RL Chung, CA AF Hale, LC Hudyma, RM Taylor, JS Thigpen, RL Chung, CA GP ASPE ASPE TI High-NA camera for an EUVL microstepper SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PRECISION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Precision-Engineering CY OCT 22-27, 2000 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ SP Amer Soc Precis Engn, Elsevier Sci, European Soc Precis Engn & Nanotechnol, Japan Soc Precis Engn C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hale, LC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PRECISION ENGINEERING PI RALEIGH PA 401 OBERLIN RD, SUITE 108, PO BOX 10826, RALEIGH, NC 27605-0826 USA BN 1-887706-24-0 PY 2000 BP 521 EP 524 PG 4 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BU29J UT WOS:000175586200133 ER PT B AU Day, RD Elliott, N Elliott, J Gomez, V Pierce, T Hatch, D Rivera, G Armijo, E Gobby, P Brooks, M Hennike, B Rodriguez, L Bartos, J AF Day, RD Elliott, N Elliott, J Gomez, V Pierce, T Hatch, D Rivera, G Armijo, E Gobby, P Brooks, M Hennike, B Rodriguez, L Bartos, J GP ASPE ASPE TI Production of a Rayleigh-Taylor instability target SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PRECISION ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Precision-Engineering CY OCT 22-27, 2000 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ SP Amer Soc Precis Engn, Elsevier Sci, European Soc Precis Engn & Nanotechnol, Japan Soc Precis Engn C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Day, RD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PRECISION ENGINEERING PI RALEIGH PA 401 OBERLIN RD, SUITE 108, PO BOX 10826, RALEIGH, NC 27605-0826 USA BN 1-887706-24-0 PY 2000 BP 555 EP 558 PG 4 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BU29J UT WOS:000175586200141 ER PT S AU Birn, J Hesse, M AF Birn, J Hesse, M BE Wilson, A TI Large-scale stability of the magnetotail SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUBSTORMS SE ESA Special Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Substorms CY MAY 16-20, 2000 CL ARCTIC & ANTARCTIC RES INST CONGRESS CTR, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA SP Russian Fdn Basic Res, Int Assoc Geomagnetism & Aeronom, European Space Agcy HO ARCTIC & ANTARCTIC RES INST CONGRESS CTR DE space; magnetotail; stability ID THIN CURRENT SHEETS; MHD SIMULATIONS; PLASMA SHEET; RECONNECTION; DYNAMICS; SUBSTORM; TAIL; CONVECTION; FIELD AB The large-scale stability of the magnetotail is investigated on the basis of resistive MHD simulations. The initial configurations are varied to study the influence of various properties on the tail stability in the presence of a dissipation mechanism. The properties studied include the flaring of the tail in the y direction, the decrease of typical properties, such as lobe field strength or current density, with distance from the Earth, and a thickening of the tail plasma sheet from midnight toward the tail flanks. All of these might contribute to a stabilization. The flaring, if isolated from the other properties, however, has little effect on the unstable evolution. All of the configurations considered experienced reonnection when a dissipation mechanism was available. However, the effects in the more stable configurations were more localized and less dramatic. Such differences in the tail configuration might be responsible for the differences between pseudo-onsets and full substorms. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ESA PUBLICATIONS DIVISION C/O ESTEC PI 2200 AG NOORDWIJK PA PO BOX 299, 2200 AG NOORDWIJK, NETHERLANDS SN 0379-6566 BN 92-9092-772-0 J9 ESA SPEC PUBL PY 2000 VL 443 BP 15 EP 22 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BR50E UT WOS:000166662000003 ER PT S AU Boralv, E Eglitis, P Opgenoorth, HJ Donovan, E Reeves, G Stauning, P AF Boralv, E Eglitis, P Opgenoorth, HJ Donovan, E Reeves, G Stauning, P BE Wilson, A TI The dawn and dusk electrojet response to substorm onset SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUBSTORMS SE ESA SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Substorms CY MAY 16-20, 2000 CL ARCTIC & ANTARCTIC RES INST CONGRESS CTR, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA SP Russian Fdn Basic Res, Int Assoc Geomagnetism & Aeronom, European Space Agcy HO ARCTIC & ANTARCTIC RES INST CONGRESS CTR AB We have investigated the time delay between substorm onset and related reactions in the dawn and dusk ionospheric electrojets, clearly separated from the nightside located substorm current wedge by several hours in MLT. We looked for substorm onsets occurring over Greenland, where the onset was identified by a LANL satellite and DMI magnetometers located on Greenland. With this setup the MARIA magnetometer network was located at dusk, monitoring the eastward electrojet, and the IMAGE chain at dawn, for the westward jet. In the first few minutes following substorm onset, sudden enhancements of the electrojets were identified by looking for rapid changes in magnetograms. Case studies with ionospheric coherent (SuperDARN) and incoherent (EISCAT) radars indicate an imposed electric field enhancement as the main agent for the reactions in the electrojets. C1 Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ESA PUBLICATIONS DIVISION C/O ESTEC PI 2200 AG NOORDWIJK PA PO BOX 299, 2200 AG NOORDWIJK, NETHERLANDS SN 0379-6566 BN 92-9092-772-0 J9 ESA SP PUBL PY 2000 VL 443 BP 37 EP 40 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BR50E UT WOS:000166662000007 ER PT B AU Critchlow, T Musick, R Slezak, T AF Critchlow, T Musick, R Slezak, T BE Wang, PP TI Experiences using a meta-data based integration infrastructure SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH JOINT CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SCIENCES, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Joint Conference on Information Sciences (JCIS 2000) CY FEB 27-MAR 03, 2000 CL ATLANTIC CITY, NJ SP Assoc Intelligent Machinery, Machine Intelligent & Fussy Log Lab, Elsevier Publishing Co, Inc, Informat Sci Journal, USA Res Off C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Critchlow, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC INTELLIGENT MACHINERY PI DURHAM PA PO BOX 90291, DURHAM, NC 27708-0291 USA BN 0-9643456-9-2 PY 2000 BP A802 EP A805 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BV66Q UT WOS:000179698300467 ER PT B AU Harkless, JAW Lester, WA AF Harkless, JAW Lester, WA BE Govaerts, J Hounkonnou, MN Lester, WA TI Quantum Monte Carlo for atomic and molecular systems SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Workshop on Contemporary Problems in Mathematical Physics CY OCT 31-NOV 05, 1999 CL COTONOU, BENIN SP Govt Republ Benin, Minist Educ Natl & Rech Sci, David & Lucile Packard Fdn, Commiss Interuniversitaire Univ Francophones, Cooperat Universitaire Dev, Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Kingdom Morocco, Ctr Beninois Res Sci & Technol, Reg PACA, Conseil Reg, Univ Paris Sud, Univ Perpignan, Serv Universitaire Cooperat Int, Natl Sci Fdn, Ctr Theoret Studies Phys Syst, Concorida Univ, Univ Catholique Louvain, UNITEC BENIN, Ctr Natl Etud & Rech Travaux Publics ID RANDOM-WALK; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; STATISTICAL ERROR; HARTREE-FOCK; CHEMISTRY AB This paper presents an introduction to the quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method. It includes a discussion of random numbers in general, and their use in the QMC method. Approximations that make QMC calculations possible for systems of chemical interest, namely, the fixed-node, effective core potential, and short time approximations, are summarized. Basic steps involved in performing a QMC calculation on a molecular system are exemplified with the propargyl radical. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Harkless, JAW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-4297-2 PY 2000 BP 153 EP 163 PG 11 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA BR01S UT WOS:000165398400010 ER PT B AU Yoo, AB Jette, MA AF Yoo, AB Jette, MA BE Arabnia, HR TI A new coscheduling technique for a cluster of symmetric multiprocessors SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS, VOLS I-V LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Techniques and Applications (PDPTA 2000) CY JUN 26-29, 2000 CL LAS VEGAS, NV SP Comp Sci Res, Educ & Applicat Press, Informat Processing Soc Japan, SIGMPS, Int Technol Inst, Java High Performance Comp Res Grp, Korea Informat Processing Soc, World Sci & Engn Soc DE coscheduler; dynamic coscheduling; execution environment; message-passing parallel jobs; SMP-cluster AB Coscheduling is essential for obtaining good performance in a time-shared symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) cluster environment. However, the most common technique, gang scheduling, has limitations such as poor scalability and vulnerability to faults mainly due to explicit synchronization between its components. A decentralized approach called dynamic coscheduling (DCS) has been shown to be effective for network of workstations (NOW), but this technique is not suitable for the workloads on a very large SMP-cluster with thousands of processors. Furthermore, its implementation can be prohibitively expensive for such a large-scale machine. In this paper, we propose a novel coscheduling technique based on the DCS approach which can achieve coscheduling on very large SMP-clusters in a scalable, efficient, and cost-effective way. The results from a performance study reveal that the proposed technique is a promising approach that can reduce response time significantly over uncoordinated scheduling. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Yoo, AB (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU C S R E A PRESS PI ATHENS PA 115 AVALON DR, ATHENS, GA 30606 USA BN 1-892512-52-1 PY 2000 BP 1261 EP 1267 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BR82C UT WOS:000167676300174 ER PT B AU Bassetti, F Reggiani, M AF Bassetti, F Reggiani, M BE Arabnia, HR TI Evaluating the impact of cache optimizations for stencil operations with two programming paradigms SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS, VOLS I-V LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Techniques and Applications (PDPTA 2000) CY JUN 26-29, 2000 CL LAS VEGAS, NV SP Comp Sci Res, Educ & Applicat Press, Informat Processing Soc Japan, SIGMPS, Int Technol Inst, Java High Performance Comp Res Grp, Korea Informat Processing Soc, World Sci & Engn Soc DE memory hierarchy; parallel architectures; performance evaluation; cache optimization AB Achieving peak performance in parallel architectures presumes the absence of number of impediments such as workload imbalance, interprocess communication overhead, and poor utilization of memory hierarchy. The increment in processor's performance has even increased the importance of optimization transformations able to reduce the influence of these overheads. We propose a new loop transformation, highly efficacious alternative to compiler transformations, which induce a significant reduction in the cost of memory access and hence in execution time for stencil operations. This important class of numerical algorithms exhibits regularity in the use of data allowing the possibility to reduce the overheads using automatic transformations. Object of this paper is to present the design, implementation, and comparison of this transformation, named temporal blocking technique, on different parallel architectures. The presented results will confirm the goodness of the approach for serial environments and the efficacy for both message passing and shared memory parallel programming paradigms. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Bassetti, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU C S R E A PRESS PI ATHENS PA 115 AVALON DR, ATHENS, GA 30606 USA BN 1-892512-52-1 PY 2000 BP 2101 EP 2107 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BR82C UT WOS:000167676300289 ER PT B AU Tsang, CF AF Tsang, CF BE Wang, YX TI An overview of coupled THM processes affecting flow and transport in fractured rocks SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HYDROGEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Hydrogeology and the Environment (HE 2000) CY OCT 17-21, 2000 CL WUHAN, PEOPLES R CHINA SP China Univ Geosci ID BEHAVIOR; FIELD C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tsang, CF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 8 BEIGANGZIJIE, CHONGWENMEN, BEIJING 100062, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 7-80163-019-X PY 2000 BP 16 EP 18 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Geology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA BS19H UT WOS:000169016400004 ER PT B AU Tsang, YW AF Tsang, YW BE Wang, YX TI Underground hydrological experiments in the unsaturated zone to characterize heterogeneous fractured welded tuff SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HYDROGEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Hydrogeology and the Environment (HE 2000) CY OCT 17-21, 2000 CL WUHAN, PEOPLES R CHINA SP China Univ Geosci C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tsang, YW (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 8 BEIGANGZIJIE, CHONGWENMEN, BEIJING 100062, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 7-80163-019-X PY 2000 BP 434 EP 437 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Geology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA BS19H UT WOS:000169016400088 ER PT B AU Chow, WW Amano, H Akasaki, I AF Chow, WW Amano, H Akasaki, I GP IPAP IPAP IPAP TI On the feasibility of fundamental-mode operation in unstable-resonator InGaN lasers SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NITRIDE SEMICONDUCTORS SE IPAP CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Nitride Semiconductors (IWN 2000) CY SEP 24-27, 2000 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Solid State Phys & Applicat Div, Japan Soc Promot Sci, Comm Short Wavelength Optoelectr Devices, 162, Japan Soc Promot Sci, Comm Convers Light & Elect, 125 DE nitride quantum well lasers; high power; lateral or transverse modes; beam quality; unstable resonators; laser models ID SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS; MICROSCOPIC THEORY AB A wave-optical model that is coupled to a microscopic gain theory is used to explore solutions to the filamentation problem in group-HI nitride quantum well lasers. A negative-branch unstable resonator is found to mitigate filament effects, enabling high-power fundamental-mode operation in broad-area lasers. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Chow, WW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST PURE APPLIED PHYSICS PI TOKYO PA DAINI TOYOKAIJI BLDG 24-8 SHINBASHI 4 CHOME, TOKYO, 105-0004, JAPAN BN 4-900526-13-4 J9 IPAP CONFERENCE SER PY 2000 VL 1 BP 895 EP 898 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BS99R UT WOS:000171608500230 ER PT S AU Farmer, MT Spencer, BW Kilsdonk, DJ Aeschlimann, RW AF Farmer, MT Spencer, BW Kilsdonk, DJ Aeschlimann, RW BE Alsmeyer, H TI Status of large scale MACE core coolability experiments SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE OECD WORKSHOP ON EX-VESSEL DEBRIS COOLABILITY SE FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE - TECHNIK UND UMWELT, WISSENSCHAFTLICHE BERICHTE (FZKA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT OECD Workshop on the Safety of Nuclear Reactors Considering Ex-Vessel Debris Coolability CY NOV 15-18, 1999 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Org Econ Cooperat & Dev AB The Melt Attack and Coolability Experiment (MACE) program underway at Argonne National Laboratory is addressing the efficiency of water to cool and thermally stabilize a molten corium/concrete interaction (MCCI) when the interaction is flooded from above. Large scale reactor material tests are being conducted, in parallel with related modeling efforts, which investigate water addition to an MCCI already underway. The experiments described herein investigate the interaction of partially oxidized PWR cerium with limestone/common sand concrete. Direct electrical heating is used to simulate internal heating of the cerium. During the program, experiments have been conducted in test sections with cross sections ranging from 30 cm x 30 cm to 120 cm x 120 cm; melt masses have ranged from 100 to 2000 kg. The results of early tests MO and Mlb have demonstrated high initial heat fluxes (i.e., similar to 3.5 MW/m(2)) which are attributable to efficient bulk cooling of the cerium pool. However, a crust eventually forms which limits the heat extraction to a level of similar to 600 kW/m(2) or less. Moreover, as the tests progress, both analyses and posttest examinations indicate that the crust eventually anchors to the test section sidewalls, thereafter leading to melt/crust separation. During periods when the melt is separated from the crust, the melt/water heat flux is significantly reduced to a level of a few hundred kW/m2 or less. However, both tests MO and Mlb provided evidence of pool swelling events which result in extrusion and ejection of melt into water above the crust, which significantly increases the quench rate by formation of porous particle bed and lava structures. Crust separation has been postulated to terminate the early, efficient quench process observed in the MACE tests. Separation is considered to be nonprototypic due to inherent crust instabilities in the large lateral span typical of most plants (similar to 6 m). Thus, the current program focus is the development of separate effects tests to study crust behavior under the prototypic situation of sustained melt/crust contact. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Farmer, MT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE TECHNIK & UMWELT PI KARLSRUHE PA POSTFACH 3640, D-76021 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SN 0947-8620 J9 FZKA TECH UMW WIS B PY 2000 VL 6475 BP 317 EP 331 PG 15 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BR19G UT WOS:000165838400030 ER PT S AU Farmer, MT Spencer, BW AF Farmer, MT Spencer, BW BE Alsmeyer, H TI Status of the CORQUENCH model for calculation of ex-vessel corium coolability by an overlying water layer SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE OECD WORKSHOP ON EX-VESSEL DEBRIS COOLABILITY SE FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE - TECHNIK UND UMWELT, WISSENSCHAFTLICHE BERICHTE (FZKA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT OECD Workshop on the Safety of Nuclear Reactors Considering Ex-Vessel Debris Coolability CY NOV 15-18, 1999 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Org Econ Cooperat & Dev AB The results of Melt Attack and Coolability Experiment (MACE) tests have identified several heat transfer mechanisms which could potentially lead to long term cerium coolability. Based on physical observations from these tests, an integrated model of Cerium Quenching (CORQUENCH) behavior is being developed. Aside from modeling of the primary physical processes observed in the tests, considerable effort has also been devoted to modeling of test occurrences which deviate from the behavior expected at reactor scale. In this manner, extrapolation of the models validated against the test data to the reactor case can be done with increased confidence. The integrated model currently addresses early bulk cooling and incipient crust formation heat transfer phases, as well as a follow-on water ingression phase which leads to development of a sustained quench front progressing downwards through the debris. In terms of experiment distortions, the model, is also able to mechanistically calculate crust anchoring to the test section sidewalls, as well as the subsequent melt/crust separation phase which arises due to concrete densification upon melting. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Farmer, MT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE TECHNIK & UMWELT PI KARLSRUHE PA POSTFACH 3640, D-76021 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SN 0947-8620 J9 FZKA TECH UMW WIS B PY 2000 VL 6475 BP 332 EP 344 PG 13 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BR19G UT WOS:000165838400031 ER PT S AU Farmer, MT Spencer, BW Aeschlimann, RW AF Farmer, MT Spencer, BW Aeschlimann, RW BE Alsmeyer, H TI Liquidus/solidus and Zr solubility measurements for PWR and BWR core melt compositions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE OECD WORKSHOP ON EX-VESSEL DEBRIS COOLABILITY SE FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE - TECHNIK UND UMWELT, WISSENSCHAFTLICHE BERICHTE (FZKA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT OECD Workshop on the Safety of Nuclear Reactors Considering Ex-Vessel Debris Coolability CY NOV 15-18, 1999 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Org Econ Cooperat & Dev AB Measurements have been made of the solidus and liquidus temperatures of various cerium compositions using a Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) technique. The cerium in these experiments consisted of mixtures of (U,Zr)O2-x, with the oxygen content of the mixtures varied to reflect various stages of zirconium oxidation. The melts are representative of typical in-vessel core melt sequences. For most of the tests conducted, the UO2/Zr mass ratio was fixed at 4.86 (U/Zr molar ratio of 1.64), which is representative of most US PWRs. A few tests were also conducted with a UO2 /Zr mass ratio of 2.05 (U/Zr molar ratio 0.69), which is representative of US BWRs, as well as Russian VVERs. Information on the solubility of unoxidized Zr in the oxide phase was obtained from both chemical and metallographic analysis of solidus/liquidus melt samples. For PWR compositions, the solidus temperature was found to increase from 2005 C to 2105 C as the extent of Zr oxidation was increased from 30 to 70 %. Similarly, the liquidus temperature was found to increase from 2465 C to 2520 C over the same oxidation range. For BWR melt compositions in the range of 30 to 70 % cladding oxidation, the solidus was found to increase from 1930 C to 2042 C, while the liquidus was found to vary more substantially from 2198 C to 2475 C. From microstructure examinations it was determined that there was no global segregation into distinct metal and oxide phases during cooldown of the samples. Therefore, it is concluded that Zr metal is soluble in the oxide phase under molten conditions for both BWR and PWR core compositions in the range of 30-70% oxidation. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Farmer, MT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE TECHNIK & UMWELT PI KARLSRUHE PA POSTFACH 3640, D-76021 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SN 0947-8620 J9 FZKA TECH UMW WIS B PY 2000 VL 6475 BP 380 EP 393 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BR19G UT WOS:000165838400035 ER PT S AU Farmer, MT Aeschlimann, RE Spencer, BW AF Farmer, MT Aeschlimann, RE Spencer, BW BE Alsmeyer, H TI Estimates of corium viscosity for PWR and BWR core melt compositions based on spreading rate SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE OECD WORKSHOP ON EX-VESSEL DEBRIS COOLABILITY SE FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE - TECHNIK UND UMWELT, WISSENSCHAFTLICHE BERICHTE (FZKA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT OECD Workshop on the Safety of Nuclear Reactors Considering Ex-Vessel Debris Coolability CY NOV 15-18, 1999 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SP Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Org Econ Cooperat & Dev AB Viscosity estimates have been made for various cerium compositions based on the spreading rate. The cerium used in the measurements was a mixture of UO2, ZrO2, and Zr, with the oxygen content being a parameter to reflect different stages of zirconium oxidation. The mixtures used in these tests span the range of U/Zr molar ratios representative of both PWR and BWR melt compositions. The test facility consisted of a one-dimensional (3 m long by 15 cm wide), refractory lined spreading channel. The core melts were generated using exothermic chemical reactions. Spreading was initiated using a "dam break" approach (i.e., spreading was initiated following meltout of a thin stainless steel barrier). The leading edge penetration as a function of time was measured. Based on the spreading rate, the corresponding cerium viscosity was estimated from a well-known analytical solution which relates spreading rate to melt mass, channel width, and viscosity for viscous flows. Tests were conducted with compositions representative of Zr oxidation of 30, 50, and 70 % for both BWR and PWR melts. The data indicates that at a roughly constant temperature of 2500 C, the viscosity varies by as much as three orders of magnitude over this range of cladding oxidation. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Farmer, MT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE TECHNIK & UMWELT PI KARLSRUHE PA POSTFACH 3640, D-76021 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY SN 0947-8620 J9 FZKA TECH UMW WIS B PY 2000 VL 6475 BP 394 EP 407 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BR19G UT WOS:000165838400036 ER PT S AU Liu, C Stout, MG AF Liu, C Stout, MG GP SEM SEM TI Crack bridging phenomenon in a heterogeneous material SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEM IX INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SEM 9th International Congress on Experimental Mechanics CY JUN 05-08, 2000 CL ORLANDO, FL SP British Soc Strain Measurement, Chinese Soc Mech Engineers, Japan Soc Mech Engineers Mat & Mech Div, Machinery Failure Pervent Technol Soc, Korean Soc, Mech Engineers, Mat & Fracture Div, SEM Republic China Local Sect, Shock & Vibrat Informat Analy Ctr, strain Soc South Africa C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Liu, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MST-8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS INC PI BETHEL PA 7 SCHOOL ST, BETHEL, CT 06801 USA SN 1046-672X BN 0-91205-369-0 J9 P INT CONG EXPERIT M PY 2000 BP 69 EP 72 PG 4 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Mechanics; Physics GA BU51C UT WOS:000176203100020 ER PT S AU Steffler, ED Epstein, JS AF Steffler, ED Epstein, JS GP SEM SEM TI Energy partitioning of a shear and compression loaded center crack SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEM IX INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SEM 9th International Congress on Experimental Mechanics CY JUN 05-08, 2000 CL ORLANDO, FL SP British Soc Strain Measurement, Chinese Soc Mech Engineers, Japan Soc Mech Engineers Mat & Mech Div, Machinery Failure Pervent Technol Soc, Korean Soc, Mech Engineers, Mat & Fracture Div, SEM Republic China Local Sect, Shock & Vibrat Informat Analy Ctr, strain Soc South Africa ID FAULTS AB Moire interferometry and numerical techniques were used to quantitatively track the energy distribution surrounding a flaw loaded in remote shear and compression. A single central flaw was introduced mechanically to the polycarbonate material, Lexan(R)[1]. Independently controlled application of compression and shear boundary loads enabled ramped increases in crack-local shear. Progressive crack face deformations were measured at the onset of slip patch initiation and subsequent full crack length relative displacements. KI and KII singularity fields were approximated using near crack tip displacements as series expansion input. The combination of these data and techniques are used to account for energy distributions involved with the compressive shear behavior of this model material. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Mat Sci Grp, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Steffler, ED (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Mat Sci Grp, POB 1625,MS 2218, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS INC PI BETHEL PA 7 SCHOOL ST, BETHEL, CT 06801 USA SN 1046-672X BN 0-91205-369-0 J9 P INT CONG EXPERIT M PY 2000 BP 302 EP 305 PG 4 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Mechanics; Physics GA BU51C UT WOS:000176203100081 ER PT S AU Steffler, ED Windes, WE AF Steffler, ED Windes, WE GP SEM SEM TI Mechanical response of FGM compared to FEA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEM IX INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SEM 9th International Congress on Experimental Mechanics CY JUN 05-08, 2000 CL ORLANDO, FL SP British Soc Strain Measurement, Chinese Soc Mech Engineers, Japan Soc Mech Engineers Mat & Mech Div, Machinery Failure Pervent Technol Soc, Korean Soc, Mech Engineers, Mat & Fracture Div, SEM Republic China Local Sect, Shock & Vibrat Informat Analy Ctr, strain Soc South Africa ID THERMAL RESIDUAL-STRESSES; CERAMIC-METAL INTERFACES; OF-MIXTURES PREDICTIONS; FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS; NI-AL2O3 COMPOSITES AB Compression tests were used to evaluate a critical layer thickness, t(c), for model Ni-Al2O3 FGM systems. It has been shown that there exists a thickness where the adjacent material layers influence the mechanical response of a confined material[1-5]. Previous studies using high resolution phase-shifted moire interferometry (PSMI) to measure compression induced displacements in a Ni-Al2O3 system have demonstrated a smooth transferal of displacement across discrete layer interfaces. The measured layer moduli were more compliant than those predicted by Modified Rule of Mixture (MROM) values. These results imply that additional factors are affecting the mechanical response of this model material system. The interface geometry, processing induced residual stresses and microdamage may all be influencing the mechanical response of discrete layers in the FGM structure. In order to determine the geometric based effects a series of experiments using tri-layer FGM geometries with layer thickness ranging from 1.0 less than or equal to t less than or equal to 8.0 mm were conducted (Figure 1). As t is decreased, the layer thickness that shows evidence of nearest layer influence defines the critical layer thickness for this material system. With a maximum layer thickness established, the extent of trans-interface displacements can be measured. Guidance for predicting this thickness was supplied by numerical modeling using experience gained by previous experimental and numerical investigations[6-10]. Compressive displacements in a discretely layered full FGM shows that the majority of transitional displacements occur in the 20% Ni layer. The full symmetric FGM specimen geometry (Figure 2) was removed from a 50mm diameter and 30mm tall hot pressed puck. When subjected to a uniform compressive force, moire measured displacements showed a two slope displacement field (Figure 3) with the change in strain occurring completely in the 80% Al2O3 layer (Figure 4). However, measured displacements in the 8mm thick tri-layer FGMs do not show a gradual change in displacement across the 80% Al2O3 layer interface. Measured strain changes within the three individual layers demonstrate that for this material system and experimental configuration, the 8.0mm layer thickness exceeds the critical layer thickness and will serve as an upper bound (Figure 5). The separation of geometric from other influences on mechanical behavior will aid in defining the constitutive properties of this system. It is anticipated that the optimum construction of an FGM will include nonlinear changes in geometry and microstructural configuration based on actual material system constitutive properties. The latest experimental results will be presented along with a discussion of anticipated fracture tests in monocomposition, tri-layer and fully graded FGM structures. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Mat Sci Grp, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Steffler, ED (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Mat Sci Grp, POB 1625 MS 2218, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS INC PI BETHEL PA 7 SCHOOL ST, BETHEL, CT 06801 USA SN 1046-672X BN 0-91205-369-0 J9 P INT CONG EXPERIT M PY 2000 BP 577 EP 578 PG 2 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Mechanics; Physics GA BU51C UT WOS:000176203100155 ER PT S AU Pechersky, MJ Estochen, EG Vikram, CS AF Pechersky, MJ Estochen, EG Vikram, CS GP SEM SEM TI Improved measurement of low residual stresses by speckle correlation interferometry and local heat treating SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEM IX INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SEM 9th International Congress on Experimental Mechanics CY JUN 05-08, 2000 CL ORLANDO, FL SP British Soc Strain Measurement, Chinese Soc Mech Engineers, Japan Soc Mech Engineers Mat & Mech Div, Machinery Failure Pervent Technol Soc, Korean Soc, Mech Engineers, Mat & Fracture Div, SEM Republic China Local Sect, Shock & Vibrat Informat Analy Ctr, strain Soc South Africa C1 Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Pechersky, MJ (reprint author), Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS INC PI BETHEL PA 7 SCHOOL ST, BETHEL, CT 06801 USA SN 1046-672X BN 0-91205-369-0 J9 P INT CONG EXPERIT M PY 2000 BP 800 EP 803 PG 4 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Mechanics; Physics GA BU51C UT WOS:000176203100215 ER PT S AU Kierstead, J Takai, H AF Kierstead, J Takai, H GP CERN CERN TI Switching power supply technology for ATLAS lar calorimeter SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTH WORKSHOP ON ELECTRONICS FOR LHC EXPERIMENTS SE C E R N REPORTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Workshop on Electronics for LHC Experiments CY SEP 11-15, 2000 CL KRAKOW, POLAND SP Univ Min & Met, Fac Phys & Nucl Techn, Inst Nucl Phys AB We present an update on the development of a 3kW DC-DC converter for the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeters. The power supply will be located close to the Calorimeter front end crate in a region where magnetic field and nuclear radiation are present. In order to keep the cost low a solution based on components of the shelf is sought, Recent test results on single event effects on commercial converters is presented. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kierstead, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU C E R N PI GENEVA PA MEYRIN, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0007-8328 BN 92-9083-172-3 J9 CERN REPORT PY 2000 VL 2000 IS 10 BP 380 EP 382 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BR66P UT WOS:000167108500065 ER PT B AU Tolbert, VR Bandaranayake, W Tyler, D Houston, A Mays, D Pettry, DE Thornton, FC Joslin, JD Bock, BR Schoenholtz, S Green, TH AF Tolbert, VR Bandaranayake, W Tyler, D Houston, A Mays, D Pettry, DE Thornton, FC Joslin, JD Bock, BR Schoenholtz, S Green, TH GP SAF SAF TI Environmental aspects of biomass crop production SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF AMERICAN FORESTERS 1999 NATIONAL CONVENTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National Convention of the Society-of-American-Foresters CY SEP 11-15, 1999 CL PORTLAND, OR SP Soc Amer Foresters DE environmental effects; soil quality; carbon sequestration ID UNITED-STATES; SYSTEMS; NEED AB Intensively managed woody and herbaceous biomass crops can provide feedstocks for energy and fiber as well as multiple environmental benefits. Site-specific studies are quantifying both the environmental potential and ramifications of converting agricultural croplands to biomass crop production. Research-scale comparisons of biomass crops. conservation tillage, and traditional agricultural crop production show that aggregate stability and carbon storage increased concomitantly with decreased bulk density and penetration resistance under biomass and no-till agricultural crop production with land-use conversion from traditionally cultivated agricultural crops. Use of cover crops on woody crop plantings increased soil stability and carbon storage. The results of this study are being used by the Bioenergy Feedstock Development Program to help identify management strategies to increase biomass crop productivity and the sustainability of agricultural cropping systems. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tolbert, VR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI WASHINGTON PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, WASHINGTON, DC 20014 USA BN 0-939970-81-3 PY 2000 BP 248 EP 254 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BS21Y UT WOS:000169105400038 ER PT B AU Brackenbush, LW Haggard, DL Tanner, JE AF Brackenbush, LW Haggard, DL Tanner, JE GP ANS ANS TI A new method to correct for gamma attenuation in NDA measurements for plutonium and other radionuclides SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB This paper demonstrates a new method for analyzing data from non destructive assay (NDA) measurements using gamma rays emitted by radioactive material. The method is based on observing differential attenuation of several different gamma ray energies from the same radionuclide. Two different methods are discussed: one for self-absorption within the source material and a second for attenuation of gamma rays by external shielding. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated by analyzing data from NDA measurements of the hold-up of Pu-239 in decommissioned process tanks. Although the method was specifically applied to plutonium assay measurements, the technique can be applied to any radionuclide emitting several different easily measured gamma ray energies. C1 Pacific NW Natl Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Brackenbush, LW (reprint author), 1821 Mahan Ave, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 89 EP 94 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600015 ER PT B AU Klann, RT Grimm, KN AF Klann, RT Grimm, KN GP ANS ANS TI Shielding analysis for the MDAS facility SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB A shielding analysis has been performed for the Multi-Detector Analysis System WAS) experiment being installed at the TREAT facility at Argonne National Laboratory - West. The MDAS experiment uses a linear accelerator to produce neutrons from accelerating deuterons (1.5 MeV) onto a beryllium target. The expected source output is 10(11) neutrons/second. A shielding configuration has been designed to protect personnel from the direct neutron radiation, and indirect neutron and gamma radiation from scattering within the experimental equipment and shielding structure. The shielding is based on a series of shields including steel and graphite shield rings, a primary shielding enclosure, a secondary shield made of concrete, and several other shielding components. The primary shielding enclosure is made of a custom material, known as caramel com, that has been for shielding in other facilities at ANL. Details of this material are provided in the paper. Calculated dose rates for various positions within the facility are shown in the paper. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Klann, RT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 181 EP 190 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600028 ER PT B AU Hunter, HT Slater, CO Holland, LB Tracz, G Marshall, WJ Parsons, JL AF Hunter, HT Slater, CO Holland, LB Tracz, G Marshall, WJ Parsons, JL GP ANS ANS TI Shielding benchmark computational analysis SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB Over the past several decades, nuclear science has relied on experimental research to verify and validate information about shielding nuclear radiation for a variety of applications. These "benchmarks" are compared with results from computer code models and are useful for the development of more accurate cross-section libraries, computer code development of radiation transport modeling, and building accurate tests for miniature shielding mockups of new nuclear facilities. When documenting measurements, one must describe many parts of the experimental results to allow a complete computational analysis. Both old and new benchmark experiments, by any definition, must provide a sound basis for modeling more complex geometries required for quality assurance and cost savings in nuclear project development. Benchmarks may involve one or many materials and thicknesses, types of sources, and measurement techniques. In this paper the benchmark experiments of varying complexity are chosen to study the transport properties of some popular materials and thicknesses. These were analyzed using three-dimensional (3-D) models and continuous energy libraries of MCNP4B2, a Monte Carlo code developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico.(1) A shielding benchmark library provided the experimental data and allowed a wide range of choices for source, geometry, and measurement data. The experimental data had often been used in previous analyses by reputable groups such as the Cross Section Evaluation Working Group (CSEWG) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development/Nuclear Energy Agency Nuclear Science Committee (OECD/NEANSC). C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hunter, HT (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 240 EP 247 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600036 ER PT B AU Emmett, MB AF Emmett, MB GP ANS ANS TI Calculational benchmark problems for VVER-1000 mixed oxide fuel cycle SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB The Fissile Materials Disposition Program (FMDP) sponsored the development and solution of a benchmark set to allow comparison of criticality, shielding, and decay heat computations for disposition of plutonium materials in a VVER-1000 assembly. This paper documents the United States contribution to that study. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Emmett, MB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 248 EP 251 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600037 ER PT B AU Pace, JV Whittenbarger, MR AF Pace, JV Whittenbarger, MR GP ANS ANS TI Proof-of-principle to unfold an angle-energy dependent source from forward and adjoint calculations SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB For many years there has existed a discrepancy between the measured and calculated responses from the Little Boy weapon in Hiroshima. A myriad of solutions have been proposed, but to no avail. If one can rationalize to himself that it does not really matter exactly what happened with the weapon when it exploded, and if sufficient information exist about the measurements, one should be able to unfold the source. Moreover, if a source can be unfolded in a controlled environment, then it should be possible to unfold a more complicated source, for example, the Little Boy source. This report records the findings of a proof-of-principle test to unfold a source in the controlled environment. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pace, JV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6363, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 265 EP 269 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600040 ER PT B AU Hendricks, JS AF Hendricks, JS GP ANS ANS TI Point-and-click plotting with MCNP SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB The Monte Carlo N-Particle radiation transport code, MCNP, developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory, is widely used for many radiation protection and shielding applications. The code has had geometry, tally, and cross-section data plotting capabilities for 25, 15, and 4 years, respectively. The user interface has always required entering commands with key words in order to produce a specific picture. This once state-of-the-art capability is now old fashioned and considered user unfriendly by modern standards. A new point-and-click plotting capability is under development as part of a larger project to provide full interactive setup for MCNP. The point-and-click capability was enabled by the extension of XLIB graphics to PCs for MCNP4C. Now all MCNP platforms can use XLIB. MCNP compilations not based upon XLIB graphics are still possible but do not support the new capability. The point-and-click plotting capability immediately pops up a picture when the code is run in one of three plot modes: geometry, tally or data plots. The user can then point and click to do almost all the functions that were formerly entered by command lines. For the geometry plot, for instance, the picture can zoom in or out, point-and-click to a new origin, rotation, or view plane, and more. Point-and-click buttons control colors, surface or cell labeling, generation of PostScript files, or display of cell values such as densities, importances or temperatures. Preliminary versions of the new point-and-click capability have been enthusiastically received. No longer must plot commands be learned. We believe this capability is a significant and welcome modernization of MCNP. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Hendricks, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,X-5,MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 313 EP 315 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600047 ER PT B AU Schwarz, RA Carter, LL Brown, W AF Schwarz, RA Carter, LL Brown, W GP ANS ANS TI Particle track visualization using the MCNP visual editor SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter C1 Pacific NW Natl Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Schwarz, RA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Labs, POB 999,MS K8-34, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 324 EP 331 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600049 ER PT B AU Selcow, EC Lansrud, BD AF Selcow, EC Lansrud, BD GP ANS ANS TI Quadrennial MCNP timing study SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter ID SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING PLATFORMS AB The Los Alamos National Laboratory Monte Carlo N-Particle, radiation transport code, MCNP1, is widely used around the world for many radiation protection and shielding applications. As a well-known standard it is also an excellent vehicle for assessing the relative performance of scientific computing platforms. Every three-to-four years a new version of MCNP (TM) is released internationally by the Radiation Safety Information Computational Center (RSICC) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. For each of the past few releases, we have also done a timing study to assess the progress of scientific computing platforms and software. These quadrennial timing studies are valuable to the radiation protection and shielding community because: (a.) they are performed by a recognized scientific team, not a computer vendor, (b.) they use an internationally recognized code for radiation protection and shielding calculations, (c.) they are eminently reproducible since the code and the test problems are internationally distributed. Further, if one has a computer platform, operating system, or compiler not presented in our results, its performance is directly comparable to the ones we report because it can use the same code, data, and test problems as we used. Our results, using a single processor per platform, indicate that hardware advances during the past three years have improved performance by less than a factor of two and software improvements have had a marginal effect on performance. The most significant impacts on performance have resulted from developments in multiprocessing and multitasking. The other most significant advance in the last three years has been the accelerated improvements in personal computers. In the last timing study(3), the tested, personal computer was approximately a factor of four slower than the fastest machine tested, a DEC Alphastation 500. In the present study, the fastest PC tested was less than a factor of two slower than the fastest platform, which is a Compaq (previously DEC) Alpha XP1000. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Selcow, EC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,X-5,MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 332 EP 336 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600050 ER PT B AU Hendricks, JS AF Hendricks, JS GP ANS ANS TI Advances in MCNP4C SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB The Los Alamos National Laboratory Monte Carlo N-Particle radiation transport code, MCNP, is widely used around the world for many radiation protection and shielding applications. Every 3-4 years a new version of MCNP is released internationally by the Radiation Safety Information Computational Center (RSICC) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. MCNP4C was released in February 2000 and contains significant enhancements in geometry specification, variance reduction, output, physics, and computer science. MCNP4C's principal new user feature is macrobodies. These combinatorial-geometry-like surfaces greatly simplify geometry specification and are more intuitive like bodies. They can be used as a replacement or supplement to the existing MCNP surface/sense geometries. An important advance in MCNP variance reduction is superimposed importance meshes. The weight window generator and weight windows may now use a superimposed Cartesian or cylindrical geometry grid for specification of importances. No longer is it necessary to subdivide geometries for variance reduction. MCNP4C output has been enhanced with improvements to the differential operator perturbation capability introduced in MCNP4B. The capability is extended to cross-section dependent tallies and criticality calculations. There are many new physics features in MCNP4C. For photon/electron problems, radiative stopping powers have been upgraded to the Seltzer model in the Integrated Tiger Series (ITS) version 3.0.; the ITS3.0 density effect correction and bremsstrahlung production model has been added; the fluorescence and k-xray relaxation models in MCNP have also been improved. Neutron physics now includes an unresolved resonance probability table capability, new ENDF/B-VI scattering laws, delayed neutrons, and alpha eigenvalues. Computer science advances include significant PC upgrades, parallelization enhancements, and some plotter improvements. Advances in MCNP4C include not only these new user and physics features, but also new Software Quality Assurance (SQA) practices, new test problems and templates, new auxiliary programs for installation, advances in parallelization, new documentation, and new instructional courses. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Hendricks, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,X-5,MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 337 EP 342 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600051 ER PT B AU Stewart, RD Traub, RJ AF Stewart, RD Traub, RJ GP ANS ANS TI Temporal optimization of radiotherapy treatment fractions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter ID TUMOR-CONTROL PROBABILITY; LETHAL; REPAIR; MODEL AB Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) techniques are rapidly becoming the preferred dose delivery method for the treatment of some cancers. IMRT treatments for head and neck cancers typical deliver a total dose of 60 to 70 Gy using dose fractions delivered on 25 to 35 treatment days (about 2 Gy per fraction). To maximize the dose to the tumor while simultaneously minimizing the dose to surrounding normal tissues, 5 or more patient-beam configurations are often used to deliver each dose fraction. Because an irradiator system cannot be moved instantaneously from one patient-beam orientation to another, normal and cancerous cells within a beam experience small pulses of radiation separated by time intervals that range from a few seconds up to as much as 10 to 20 minutes. The total time required to deliver a dose fraction using multiple beam configurations typically ranges from about 10 minutes up to a maximum of 1 or 2 hours. As the time required to deliver a treatment dose increases, cell killing tends to decrease because of damage repair effects. The benefit of using a large number of beam configurations to spare normal tissues needs to be balanced against decreases in tumor-cell killing associated with prolonging the time interval used to deliver the individual dose fractions. Absorbed dose calculations for 1 MeV, monodirectional photon beams targeted at an idealized neck cancer have been performed using the MCNP computer code. The dose-depth profiles for the individual beams were then used to calculate the cell-killing effects of representative treatment designs using the lethal and potentially lethal (LPL) radiobiological model. Our calculations, which are based on LPL parameter values for colon adenocarcinoma cells, suggest that increasing the time required to deliver each dose fraction from less than a minute up to 1 or 2 hours can decrease the overall cell-killing effects of some treatments by factors as high as 2 to 20. Moreover, dose protraction effects alter the iso-effect treatment dose by factors on the order of 5 to 10%. That is, a 75 Gy treatment produces about the same tumor control probability (TCP) as a 70 Gy treatment if the dose fractions are delivered in I to 2 hours instead of a few minutes. For multi-beam radiation treatments, our studies suggest that it is most likely advantageous to minimize the time required to deliver treatment doses. For broad parallel beams that deliver a relatively uniform dose to the entire tumor, the sequence of beams used to deliver a radiation dose most likely has little affect on treatment outcome. On the other hand, IMRT treatments that use pencil beams of radiation to sequentially target smaller tissue regions can produce very heterogeneous (in time and space) dose distributions, and the sequence of beams used to deliver a treatment dose may be important because of dose protraction effects associated with damage repair. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Labs, POB 999,MSIN K3-55, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Stewart, Rob/A-2511-2009 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 372 EP 378 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600056 ER PT B AU Little, RC Feldman, WC Lawrence, DJ Maurice, S AF Little, RC Feldman, WC Lawrence, DJ Maurice, S GP ANS ANS TI Temperature dependence of thermal neutrons from the moon SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter ID HYDROGEN AB Planetary thermal neutron fluxes provide a sensitive proxy for mafic and feldspathic terranes, and are also necessary for translating measured gamma-ray line strengths to elemental abundances. Both functions require a model for near surface temperatures and a knowledge of the dependence of thermal neutron flux on temperature. We have explored this dependence for a representative sample of lunar soil compositions and surface temperatures using MCNP (TM). For all soil samples, the neutron density is found to be independent of temperature, in accord with neutron moderation theory. The thermal neutron flux, however, does vary with temperature in a way that depends on A, the ratio of macroscopic absorption to energy-loss cross sections of soil compositions. The weakest dependence is for the largest A (which corresponds to the Apollo 17 high Ti basalt in our soil selection), and the largest dependence is for the lowest A (which corresponds to ferroan anorthosite [FAN] in our selection). For the lunar model simulated, the depth at which the thermal neutron population is most sensitive to temperature is similar to 30 g/cm(2). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Little, RC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,X-5,MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RI Lawrence, David/E-7463-2015 OI Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 463 EP 469 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600068 ER PT B AU Kim, SS Sterbentz, JW AF Kim, SS Sterbentz, JW GP ANS ANS TI Fuel handling exclusion zone establised to prevent spurious alarms to CAS neutron detectors in the IFSF SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB An experimental. and calculational study has been performed to understand and prevent inadvertent activation of the criticality alarm system (CAS) from fuel-handling operations at the Irradiated Fuel Storage Facility. In conjunction with the study, the CAS neutron detectors were tested to verify the design specifications for gamma rejection capability and zero response limit. A minimum physical restrictive boundary around the CAS location was established based on a gamma ray dose rate limit of 10 rad/hr. The canister loaded with spent nuclear fuel must be moved in the area outside the exclusion zone so as not to trigger a false alarm from the CAS detectors. C1 INEEL, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Kim, SS (reprint author), INEEL, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 501 EP 505 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600073 ER PT B AU Jenquin, U AF Jenquin, U GP ANS ANS TI Dose rates for various loading patterns of spent fuel assemblies in a dry cask SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Jenquin, U (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Labs, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 546 EP 551 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600081 ER PT B AU Kirk, BL AF Kirk, BL GP ANS ANS TI The radiation safety information computational center (RSICC) - Preserving the legacy SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kirk, BL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6362, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 627 EP 629 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600092 ER PT B AU McDonald, JC AF McDonald, JC GP ANS ANS TI Neutron dosimetry for radiation protection purposes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB It is necessary to determine neutron dose equivalent for radiation protection purposes, but this determination can be quite difficult. Devices used to determine dose equivalent often make use of the indirect actions of neutrons such as the albedo effect and the moderation of fast neutrons by hydrogenous materials. Personal neutron dosimeters, and to a lesser extent survey meters, are generally quite energy-dependent in their dose equivalent response. Therefore, the reference radiations used for calibrating these devices must be carefully chosen. Despite these difficulties, effective methods have been developed for the determination of neutron dose equivalents. This paper discusses the problems encountered in the determination of neutron dose equivalent and describes some recently developed approaches that may help to increase the accuracy and efficiency of neutron dosimetry in the near future. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP McDonald, JC (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 652 EP 654 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600096 ER PT B AU Broadhead, BL Gauld, IC AF Broadhead, BL Gauld, IC GP ANS ANS TI Rankings of nuclide importance in spent fuel for shielding applications SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB This paper describes the relative importances of various actinide, fission product and light element isotopes with respect to storage and transportation shielding applications for spent fuel. Using simple computational models, the relative contributions of many isotopes can be individually analyzed and ranked. This ranking of importances is useful for both validation and understanding of the underlying importances of the many nuclides that can contribute to various waste handling issues such as dose rate analysis, criticality safety, decay, heat generation and residual activity levels. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Broadhead, BL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 702 EP 709 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600104 ER PT B AU Daling, PM Biwer, BM Siebach, PR Ross, SB AF Daling, PM Biwer, BM Siebach, PR Ross, SB GP ANS ANS TI Comparison of modal options for transporting low-level radioactive waste to the Nevada Test Site SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB The Nevada Test Site (NTS) is a major receiver of U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)-owned low-level radioactive waste (LLW) for disposal. Currently, all LLW received at NTS is shipped by truck. Most of the LLW is shipped in trucks that use highway routes that pass through the Las Vegas Valley and over Hoover Dam, which is a concern of local stakeholder groups in the State of Nevada. The truck transport mode is used because NTS and some DOE LLW generator sites are not served with direct rail service. Consequently, DOE decided to explore intermodal transport as an option to reduce highway transport of LLW through Las Vegas and over Hoover Dam. Intermodal transport involves transport via two modes, in this case truck and rail, from the generator sites to NTS. LLW shipping containers would be transferred between trucks and railcars at intermodal transfer points near the LLW generator sites, NTS, or both. This paper evaluates two intermodal alternatives along with an historical truck scenario and an all-truck scenario that avoids Las Vegas and Hoover Dam to transport LLW from generator sites to NTS. Life-cycle (70 year) risks to the public and workers and life-cycle cost impacts are estimated. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Daling, PM (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Labs, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 721 EP 728 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600106 ER PT B AU Perry, RT Pearson, M AF Perry, RT Pearson, M GP ANS ANS TI Encapsulation and source activities of alpha-n neutron sources SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB The purpose of this paper is to estimate an upper bound on the activity generated in the encapsulation of a typical alpha-n neutron source and to compare it to the activity of the source region material, The alpha-n source modeled was a (239)Plutonium-Beryllium source with ratio of one Pu atom per 13 Be atoms. The neutron source strength modeled was 1.8x10(7) neutrons/sec. The activity of the encapsulation is due to neutron produced by the source undergoing reactions with the encapsulation material. The results of the calculations showed that the upper limit of the maximum contribution from the encapsulation after forty years of irradiation is 1x10(-3) percent of the source activity. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Perry, RT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 743 EP 749 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600109 ER PT B AU Shores, EF AF Shores, EF GP ANS ANS TI Contact dose equivalent rates from common neutron sources SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB Neutron sources have a variety of applications in the laboratory and their use necessitates some form of physical handling. Such source interaction is directly related to radiation protection measures taken to ensure employees do not receive unnecessary radiation exposure. Thus, an obvious quantity of interest is the dose resulting from such source handling activities, especially that obtained upon direct contact with the source. Knowledge of these doses can be advantageous in planning work activities and minimizing exposure, Unfortunately, however, the literature does not contain many measured neutron dose rate references, and size and geometry limitations of neutron detectors make measurements near the source difficult to obtain. Consequently, the Monte Carlo code MCNP-4B(a) was used to calculate neutron dose equivalent rates (Table 2) from the following neutron sources in a "contact" geometry: (PuBe)-Pu-238, (PuBe)-Pu-239, (AmBe)-Am-241, (AmLi)-Am-241, and Cf-252. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shores, EF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, ESH-12,MS K483, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 750 EP 755 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600110 ER PT B AU Tompkins, JA Leonard, S McAlpin, J AF Tompkins, JA Leonard, S McAlpin, J GP ANS ANS TI Off-Site Source Recovery Project sealed source recoveries SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB The Off-Site Source Recovery (OSR) Project at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) was organized to address the disposition of unwanted radioactive sealed sources containing transuranic isotopes. The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) had identified a number of sources which posed a significant potential risk to the public health and safety and had requested the US Department of Energy (DOE) to accept them. The OSR Project conducted a pilot project in 1999 to collect the sources identified by the NRC and, in doing so, to develop methods to reduce radiation dose to workers and to document the costs to collect and store these sources. A comprehensive database of source information was developed, shielded shipping containers were designed and fabricated and commercial entities were utilized to collect, transport and store the recovered sources. This paper briefly describes the problems associated with the collection of sealed sources from commercial licensees and how the OSR Project worked to resolve those problems. The average costs to collect and store a source for one year are discussed. The reductions in radiation dose rates at one meter from the shielded shipping containers, as well as the reduction in radiation dose to workers are also reported. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Tompkins, JA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 756 EP 757 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600111 ER PT B AU Tompkins, JA Leonard, LE Pearson, MW Leonard, SJ Grigsby, CO McAlpin, J AF Tompkins, JA Leonard, LE Pearson, MW Leonard, SJ Grigsby, CO McAlpin, J GP ANS ANS TI Shielding analysis for portable gauging combination sources SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB Early portable moisture/density gauges containing Americium-241, Beryllium (Be) and Cesium-137 are now obsolete. These unwanted "combination" sources pose a unique shielding problem for the Off-Site Source Recovery (OSR) Project at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) during collection, transportation, and storage. The OSR Project has designed a multifunction drum for these Am/Be/Cs sources that will also serve as the waste package for disposal. The drum is a modification of the 12" Pipe Component Overpack container designed by Rocky Flats and approved for DOE TRU waste. This paper briefly describes the methodology used to design an internal shield to be used in the 12 inch pipe overpack which incorporates both gamma and neutron shielding materials while not exceeding the maximum weight of 102 ka and keeping contact dose rates to less than 100 mrem/hr. The shield also must provide volume for the maximum number of sources per container. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Tompkins, JA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 758 EP 761 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600112 ER PT B AU Brown, TH Perry, RT Wilson, WB Charlton, WS AF Brown, TH Perry, RT Wilson, WB Charlton, WS GP ANS ANS TI Thick-target (alpha,n) neutron yields and spectra calculated with ORIGEN-S and SOURCES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB Thick-target neutron yields and energy spectra from (alpha ,n) reactions in homogeneous media calculated with ORIGEN-S and SOURCES were compared. SOURCES calculates yields and spectra from fundamental physics and data and is applicable to any combination of a-particle slowing-down, emitting, and target elements. ORIGEN-S employs approximations for both its UO2 and borosilicate-glass options that limit its applicability. Yields from both ORIGEN-S options compare favorably with yields from SOURCES. For UO2-like slowing down media, spectra using the UO2 option compare moderately well with SOURCE spectra. ORIGEN-S with the borosilicate-glass option is often employed for any non-UO2-like slowing down media to generate spectra, but any agreement with SOURCES spectra is coincidental. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp ESH12, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Brown, TH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp ESH12, MS K483, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 762 EP 769 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600113 ER PT B AU Pearson, MW Leonard, L McAlpin, J Grigsby, C Leonard, S Tompkins, JA AF Pearson, MW Leonard, L McAlpin, J Grigsby, C Leonard, S Tompkins, JA GP ANS ANS TI Off-Site Source Recovery Project - History and current status SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOPICAL MEETING ON RADIATION PROTECTION FOR OUR NATIONAL PRIORITIES: MEDICINE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Radiation Protection and Shielding Topical Conference CY SEP 17-21, 2000 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Amer Nucl Soc, Radiat Protect & Shield Div, Hlth Phys Soc Columbia Chapter AB Beginning in the 1950's the federal government, through the Atomic Energy Commission, began providing limited quantities of special nuclear material to industry and research institutions to stimulate advances in nuclear science and technology. By the early 1960s the identified beneficial uses of radioactive material had added Am-241, Cs-137, Co-60, and Sr-90 to the list of common isotopes which were distributed in significant numbers as high-energy sealed sources for industry, medicine and research. By the mid 1980s many of these sealed radioactive sources were thirty years old and the changing priorities of research and industry had rendered many of them excess. Unfortunately, many of these sources exceeded activity limits established for Low-Level Waste (LLW) disposal and the owners were left with no viable options to rid themselves of unwanted material. In 1985, Congress attempted to address this concern by assigning responsibility for disposal of radioactive material which exceeded the Class-C LLW limits to the US Department of Energy (DOE) in the Low-Level Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 (PL 99-240). As with other attempts for disposal facility development however, the years passed and the facilities were not forthcoming. This paper briefly describes the history of government efforts to effect retrieval of these sources and provides projections on availability of retrieval services by Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). A summary of eligible materials, points of contact at LANL, and recommended actions by current source owners are included. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Pearson, MW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PARK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PARK, IL 60525 USA BN 0-89448-649-7 PY 2000 BP 770 EP 772 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT24D UT WOS:000172402600114 ER PT B AU Preece, DS Jensen, RP Sobolik, SR AF Preece, DS Jensen, RP Sobolik, SR GP ISEE ISEE TI Analysis and design of blastwalls to protect public structures from malevolent explosions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-SIXTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON EXPLOSIVES AND BLASTING TECHNIQUE, VOL I LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th Annual Conference on Explosives and Blasting Technique CY FEB 13-16, 2000 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP Int Soc Explos Engineers AB Recent events demonstrate that civil and government facilities and structures face an ever-increasing need to be designed for protection against malevolent explosions. Modification of existing public structures and especially design of new ones increasingly includes provisions for explosive protection. ISEE members endorse and promote responsible application of explosives to benefit mankind and deplore any other use. However, our knowledge of explosive behavior and our ability to predict the results of explosive events puts us in a unique position to give guidance to designers of civil and public structures. Recent advances in computational methods have resulted in new computer codes with ALE (arbitrary lagrangian eulerian) simulation capabilities. Historically, lagrangian computational methods have been used for modeling solids because the mesh or discretization moves with the material. Rock breakage resulting from explosively induced shock-waves has been successfully modeled with lagrangian codes. Explosive detonation has traditionally been modeled with eulerian techniques. Eulerian methods have been used to model gases and fluids, tracking the material as it moves through the computational grid. ALE computational technology couples the two methods together in a manner never before possible. An ALE simulation can accurately treat the explosive detonation, interaction of, explosive gases with air, and the impact of explosive event on nearby solid structures. ALEGRA (Budge et al. 1997 a & b) is an ALE code developed at Sandia National Laboratories. ALEGRA simulations accurately predict the explosively induced impulse on the structure to be protected. It has been applied to the analysis and design of blastwalls to protect structures and people from explosive events. The impulse calculated can be used by structural engineers to design a blastwall. ALEGRA has also been applied to predict the effect of a blastwall on explosion overpressure some distance behind the blastwall to assess the effect on people present during the event. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Preece, DS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC EXPLOSIVES ENGINEERS PI CLEVELAND PA 29100 AURORA ROAD, CLEVELAND, OH 44139-1800 USA PY 2000 BP 23 EP 30 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA BQ14J UT WOS:000087294300003 ER PT J AU Zlatanova, J Lindsay, SM Leuba, SH AF Zlatanova, J Lindsay, SM Leuba, SH TI Single molecule force spectroscopy in biology using the atomic force microscope SO PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE atomic force microscopy; DNA stretching; intermolecular interactions; intramolecular interactions; protein unfolding; single molecule force spectroscopy ID TITIN IMMUNOGLOBULIN DOMAINS; SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY; DNA-MOLECULES; MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS; COMPLEMENTARY STRANDS; SPRING CONSTANTS; ADHESION FORCES; ELASTICITY; CANTILEVERS; LIGAND AB The importance of forces in biology has been recognized for quite a while but only in the past decade have we acquired instrumentation and methodology to directly measure interactive forces at the level of single biological macromolecules and/or their complexes. This review focuses on force measurements performed with the atomic force microscope. A general introduction to the principle of action is followed by review of the types of interactions being studied, describing the main results and discussing the biological implications. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biochip Technol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. NCI, Lab Receptor Biol & Gene Express, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Zlatanova, J (reprint author), Polytech Univ, Dept Chem Engn Chem & Mat Sci, 6 Metrotech Ctr, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. RI Zlatanova, Jordanka/B-3273-2009 NR 110 TC 256 Z9 265 U1 5 U2 78 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0079-6107 J9 PROG BIOPHYS MOL BIO JI Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. PY 2000 VL 74 IS 1-2 BP 37 EP 61 DI 10.1016/S0079-6107(00)00014-6 PG 25 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 386AU UT WOS:000166038600003 PM 11106806 ER PT J AU Nielsen, HP Frandsen, FJ Dam-Johansen, K Baxter, LL AF Nielsen, HP Frandsen, FJ Dam-Johansen, K Baxter, LL TI The implications of chlorine-associated corrosion on the operation of biomass-fired boilers SO PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE corrosion; ash deposition; biomass; waste; superheaters; chlorine ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE CORROSION; INDUCED HOT CORROSION; STAINLESS-STEELS; ACCELERATED OXIDATION; HYDROGEN-CHLORIDE; MIXED OXIDATION; SODIUM-CHLORIDE; NACL; ALLOYS; IRON AB The design of new biomass-fired power plants with increased steam temperature raises concerns of high-temperature corrosion. The high potassium and chlorine contents in many biomasses are potentially harmful elements with regard to corrosion. This paper condenses the current knowledge of chlorine-induced, high-temperature corrosion and describes the potential corrosion problems associated with burning biomass fuels either alone or in blends with coal, for electricity production. Chlorine may cause accelerated corrosion resulting in increased oxidation, metal wastage, internal attack, void formations, and loose non-adherent scales. The partial pressure of HCl in a biomass-derived hue gas, is not high enough to cause severe gasphase corrosion attacks, but may provide scale failure and increased sulfidation of water walls in areas where locally reducing conditions occur due to poor combustion and flame impingement. The most severe corrosion problems in biomass-fired systems are expected to occur due to Cl-rich deposits formed on superheater tubes, The presence of alkali chloride salts in deposits may cause accelerated corrosion well below the melting point of the salt. The corrosion can be severe in air but may be further enhanced by SO2 which may cause intra-deposit sulfation of the alkali chlorides liberating HCl or Cl-2 gas close to the metal surface. In case the metal surface temperature becomes high enough for molten phases to form in the deposit, the corrosion may be even further enhanced. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Chem Engn, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA USA. RP Frandsen, FJ (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Chem Engn, Bldg 229, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. NR 61 TC 301 Z9 329 U1 6 U2 103 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-1285 J9 PROG ENERG COMBUST JI Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. PY 2000 VL 26 IS 3 BP 283 EP 298 DI 10.1016/S0360-1285(00)00003-4 PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 317UQ UT WOS:000087245700003 ER PT J AU Marcus, GH AF Marcus, GH TI Considering the next generation of nuclear power plants SO PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Global Environment and Nuclear Energy Systems (GENES-3) CY DEC 14-17, 1999 CL TOKYO, JAPAN SP Tokyo Inst Technol, Res Lab Nucl Reactors, Japan Minist Educ Sci Sports & Culture, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Amer Nucl Soc, Japan Atom Ind Forum AB Nuclear power will be needed for future energy demands, which are expected to grow at different rates around the world. The opportunities for building new nuclear power plants around the world will be depend on need, energy demand growth, and issues related to global warming and climate change. However, four major barriers exist for the expansion of nuclear power: economics, proliferation, safety, and waste. These issues must be addressed in the ongoing research and development of nuclear energy technology and applications. The evolution of nuclear power plant technology is presented as four distinct design generations: (1) prototypes, (2) current operating plants, (3) advanced light water reactor technology, and (4) revolutionary design concepts (i.e., Generation IV) that are now under development. The U.S. DOE Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI) program is focused on the research and development of Generation IV designs that are safe, economic, proliferation-resistant, and will address current waste issues. NERI provides grants for independently peer-reviewed proposals from universities, national laboratories and industry for advanced nuclear research and development. Several NERI projects awarded in 1999 are described in terms of how they remove barriers to nuclear power plant expansion. Another DOE effort, the Accelerator Transmutation of Waste program, will seek to reduce and ameliorate civilian reactor waste. The Accelerator Transmutation of Waste program will involve a six-year science-based research plan to define key technical issues. Finally, the need for international collaboration is stressed for fourth-generation nuclear power technology development. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 US DOE, Off Nucl Energy Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Marcus, GH (reprint author), US DOE, Off Nucl Energy Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 3 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0149-1970 J9 PROG NUCL ENERG JI Prog. Nucl. Energy PY 2000 VL 37 IS 1-4 BP 5 EP 10 DI 10.1016/S0149-1970(00)00016-0 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 377YZ UT WOS:000165555200003 ER PT J AU Marcus, GH AF Marcus, GH TI Regulatory policies and the future of nuclear power SO PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Global Environment and Nuclear Energy Systems (GENES-3) CY DEC 14-17, 1999 CL TOKYO, JAPAN SP Tokyo Inst Technol, Res Lab Nucl Reactors, Japan Minist Educ Sci Sports & Culture, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Amer Nucl Soc, Japan Atom Ind Forum AB This paper reviews some of the national policies and regulatory decisions that have the potential to affect the production of electricity from nuclear power. It is shown that many policies and regulatory initiatives are introduced to meet objectives other than determining the mix of electricity supply resources, such as reducing the cost of electricity or protecting public health and safety. Nevertheless, such policies and requirements can have a substantial effect on the competitiveness of present nuclear power plants, as well as on prospects for future nuclear power plants. Because electricity from nuclear power can substitute for electricity from fossil fuels, policies and regulations which affect the competitiveness of nuclear power can have an effect of the production of carbon emissions, and therefore can compete with, or complement, national environmental objectives. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 US DOE, Off Nucl Energy Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Marcus, GH (reprint author), US DOE, Off Nucl Energy Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0149-1970 J9 PROG NUCL ENERG JI Prog. Nucl. Energy PY 2000 VL 37 IS 1-4 BP 65 EP 70 DI 10.1016/S0149-1970(00)00026-3 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 377YZ UT WOS:000165555200013 ER PT J AU Takahashi, H AF Takahashi, H TI The role of the accelerator in energy: (Recent development of an accelerator-driven systems (ADS)) SO PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Global Environment and Nuclear Energy Systems (GENES-3) CY DEC 14-17, 1999 CL TOKYO, JAPAN SP Tokyo Inst Technol, Res Lab Nucl Reactors, Japan Minist Educ Sci Sports & Culture, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Amer Nucl Soc, Japan Atom Ind Forum AB I describe the recent development of an accelerator-driven reactor for producing energy, and for transmuting minor actinides and long-lived fission products. To run these reactors in a slightly subcritical condition rather than at deep criticality, the proton accelerator can be a low-powered cyclotron which requires only a small building and site; hence, the cost of generating electricity by this system becomes inexpensive. To get a higher beam current for a circular accelerator, a fixed field alternating gradient (FFAG) synchrotron can be used for driving the subcritical reactor without jeopardizing the reduction of the shock wave created by manipulating the pulsed-mode operation. The induction FFAG is discussed. To reduce the energy costs of transmuting long-lived fission products (LLFPs) such as Tc-99, and I-129, I reconsider the old concept of depositing of them into outer space by not rocket but by an ions thruster. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Takahashi, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0149-1970 J9 PROG NUCL ENERG JI Prog. Nucl. Energy PY 2000 VL 37 IS 1-4 BP 363 EP 369 DI 10.1016/S0149-1970(00)00072-X PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 377YZ UT WOS:000165555200059 ER PT S AU Jeschonnek, S Donnelly, TW AF Jeschonnek, S Donnelly, TW BE Faessler, A TI The fifth response function and spin-orbit final-state interaction in the framework of Glauber theory for (e, e ' p) reactions SO PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS, VOL 44: ELECTROMAGNETIC PROBES AND THE STRUCTURE OF HALDRONS AND NUCLEI SE PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Erice School on Electromagnetic Probes and the Structure of Hadrons and Nuclei CY SEP 17-25, 1999 CL ERICE, ITALY ID GEV ENERGIES; SCATTERING; TRANSPARENCY AB We discuss the effects of the spin-orbit final state interaction on the fifth response function. For an in-depth description of the formalism and more results see [1]. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, LNS, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Jeschonnek, S (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. OI Jeschonnek, Sabine/0000-0002-8603-7589 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0146-6410 J9 PROG PART NUCL PHYS PY 2000 VL 44 BP 59 EP 60 DI 10.1016/S0146-6410(00)00057-0 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BQ23E UT WOS:000087679300005 ER PT S AU Hoblit, S Sandorfi, AM AF Hoblit, S Sandorfi, AM BE Faessler, A TI Scattering of real photons and the structure of baryons SO PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS, VOL 44: ELECTROMAGNETIC PROBES AND THE STRUCTURE OF HALDRONS AND NUCLEI SE PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Erice School on Electromagnetic Probes and the Structure of Hadrons and Nuclei CY SEP 17-25, 1999 CL ERICE, ITALY ID DELTA-RESONANCE REGION; COMPTON-SCATTERING; MAGNETIC POLARIZABILITIES; PROTON; THETA(CMS)=75-DEGREES; ENERGIES; NUCLEON AB The leading corrections to point scattering from the proton are characterized by two charge and four spin-polarizability parameters that are sensitive to the proton's internal structure. We review the status of these, focusing on a recent extraction of the backward spin-polarizability, gamma(pi) = [-27.1 +/- 2.2(stat + sys)(-2.4)(+2.8)(model)] x 10(-4)fm(4). which differs significantly from theoretical expectations. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hoblit, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0146-6410 J9 PROG PART NUCL PHYS PY 2000 VL 44 BP 149 EP 158 DI 10.1016/S0146-6410(00)00067-3 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BQ23E UT WOS:000087679300015 ER PT S AU Burkert, VD AF Burkert, VD BE Faessler, A TI Recent results from Jefferson Lab SO PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS, VOL 44: ELECTROMAGNETIC PROBES AND THE STRUCTURE OF HALDRONS AND NUCLEI SE PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Erice School on Electromagnetic Probes and the Structure of Hadrons and Nuclei CY SEP 17-25, 1999 CL ERICE, ITALY ID HEARN SUM-RULE; DELTA(1232) RESONANCE; PROTON; SCATTERING; Q2 AB Recent results on studies of the structure of nucleons and nuclei in the regime of strong interaction QCD are discussed. Use of high current polarized electron beams, polarized targets, and recoil polarimeters, in conjunction with modern spectrometers and detector instrumentation allow much more detailed studies of nucleon and nuclear structure than has been possible in the past. The CEBAF accelerator at Jefferson Lab was build to study the internal structure of hadrons in a regime where confinement is important and strong interaction QCD is the relevant theory. I discuss how the first experiments already make significant contributions towards an improved understanding of hadronic structure. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Burkert, VD (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0146-6410 J9 PROG PART NUCL PHYS PY 2000 VL 44 BP 273 EP 291 DI 10.1016/S0146-6410(00)00077-6 PG 19 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BQ23E UT WOS:000087679300025 ER PT S AU Garvey, GT AF Garvey, GT BE Faessler, A TI Measurement and origin of the (u)over-bar,(d)over-bar asymmetry in the nucleon sea SO PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS, VOL 44: ELECTROMAGNETIC PROBES AND THE STRUCTURE OF HALDRONS AND NUCLEI SE PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Erice School on Electromagnetic Probes and the Structure of Hadrons and Nuclei CY SEP 17-25, 1999 CL ERICE, ITALY ID LIGHT-QUARK SEA; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; DRELL-YAN PROCESS; FLAVOR ASYMMETRY; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; GOTTFRIED SUM; SPIN; PROTON; MODEL C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Garvey, GT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, MS H846, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0146-6410 J9 PROG PART NUCL PHYS PY 2000 VL 44 BP 305 EP 312 DI 10.1016/S0146-6410(00)00079-X PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BQ23E UT WOS:000087679300027 ER PT S AU Roberts, CD Schmidt, SM AF Roberts, CD Schmidt, SM BE Faessler, A TI Dyson-Schwinger equations: Density, temperature and continuum strong QCD SO PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS, VOL 45 SUPPL 1 SE Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics LA English DT Article DE Dyson-Schwinger equations; hadron physics; kinetic theory; nonperturbative QCD modelling; particle production; quark-gluon plasma ID CHIRAL-SYMMETRY-BREAKING; QUARK-GLUON-PLASMA; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; JONA-LASINIO MODEL; PION FORM-FACTOR; NON-PERTURBATIVE CALCULATION; QUANTUM KINETIC-EQUATION; VECTOR-MESON DOMINANCE; FLUX-TUBE MODEL AB Continuum strong QCD is the application of models and continuum quantum field theory to the study of phenomena in hadronic physics, which includes; e.g., the spectrum of QCD bound states and their interactions; and the transition to, and properties of, a quark gluon plasma. We provide a contemporary perspective, couched primarily in terms of the Dyson-Schwinger equations but also making comparisons with other approaches and models. Our discourse provides a practitioners' guide to features of the Dyson-Schwinger equations [such as confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking] and canvasses phenomenological applications to light meson and baryon properties in cold, sparse QCD. These provide the foundation for an extension to hot, dense QCD, which is probed via the introduction of the intensive thermodynamic variables: chemical potential and temperature. We describe order parameters whose evolution signals deconfinement and chiral symmetry restoration, and chronicle their use in demarcating the quark gluon plasma phase boundary and characterising the plasma's properties. Hadron traits change in an equilibrated plasma. We exemplify this and discuss putative signals of the effects. Finally, since plasma formation is not an equilibrium process, we discuss recent developments in kinetic theory and its application to describing the evolution from a relativistic heavy ion collision to an equilibrated quark gluon plasma. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Bldg 203, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM cdroberts@anl.gov; basti@theory.phy.anl.gov NR 391 TC 313 Z9 314 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0146-6410 J9 PROG PART NUCL PHYS PY 2000 VL 45 BP S1 EP S103 DI 10.1016/S0146-6410(00)90011-5 PG 103 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR31S UT WOS:000166088800001 ER PT S AU Vogt, R AF Vogt, R BE Faessler, A TI Physics of the nucleon sea quark distributions SO PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS, VOL 45 SUPPL 1 SE Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; GOTTFRIED SUM-RULE; DRELL-YAN PROCESS; DEUTERON STRUCTURE-FUNCTION; PROTON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; ISOSPIN SYMMETRY-BREAKING; OPPOSITE-SIGN DIMUONS; VIRTUAL MESON CLOUD; NN FORM-FACTOR; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS AB Sea quark distributions in the nucleon have naively been expected to be generated perturbatively by gluon splitting. In this case, there is no reason for the light quark and anti-quark sea distributions to be different. No asymmetries in the strange or heavy quark sea distributions are predicted in the improved parton model. However, recent experiments have called these naive expectations into question. A violation of the Gottfried sum rule has been measured in several experiments, suggesting that (u) over bar < <(d)over bar> in the proton. Additionally, other measurements, while not definitive, show that there may be an asymmetry in the strange and anti-strange quark sea distributions. These effects may require nonperturbative explanations. In this review we first discuss the perturbative aspects of the sea quark distributions. We then describe the experiments that could point to nonperturbative contributions to the nucleon sea. Current phenomenological models that could explain some of these effects are reviewed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 192 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0146-6410 J9 PROG PART NUCL PHYS PY 2000 VL 45 BP S105 EP S169 DI 10.1016/S0146-6410(00)00107-1 PG 65 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BR31S UT WOS:000166088800002 ER PT J AU Zweibel, K Green, MA AF Zweibel, K Green, MA TI Millennium special issue 'PV 2000-and beyond' SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ New S Wales, Ctr Photovolta Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Zweibel, K (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD JAN-FEB PY 2000 VL 8 IS 1 BP 1 EP 1 PG 1 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 298PW UT WOS:000086149200001 ER PT J AU Kim, SH MacCracken, C Edmonds, J AF Kim, SH MacCracken, C Edmonds, J TI Solar energy technologies and stabilizing atmospheric CO2 concentrations SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article AB In this analysis, we explore the role of solar energy, specifically utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) technology, in supplying the world's growing demand for energy while limiting the impact of climate change by reducing carbon dioxide emissions. We present a range of cost paths for the technology and examine the role of solar energy in the global energy system under these paths and a reference scenario. We also assess the impacts of these cost paths on the role of solar power under carbon constraint scenarios designed to stabilize the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide over the next century. Our analysis shows that solar energy can play a significant role in the future global energy system, and that the benefit of the solar energy option increases as the limitation on carbon emissions becomes more stringent. But, lowering the cost of power production to the point at which solar is competitive with other options is critical if solar power is to become a core generation technology. Aggressively lowering the cost of solar energy in the next few decades will ensure that solar energy technologies are a prominent part of any global energy system, so the potential value of research in solar energy is great. Copyright (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Battelle Washington Operat, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Battelle Washington Operat, Pacific NW Natl Lab, 901 D St SW,Suite 900, Washington, DC 20024 USA. NR 18 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD JAN-FEB PY 2000 VL 8 IS 1 BP 3 EP 15 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-159X(200001/02)8:1<3::AID-PIP299>3.0.CO;2-1 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 298PW UT WOS:000086149200002 ER PT J AU Fthenakis, VM Moskowitz, PD AF Fthenakis, VM Moskowitz, PD TI Photovoltaics: Environmental, health and safety issues and perspectives SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article ID MANUFACTURE AB The photovoltaic (PV) industry must continue its pro-active approach to prevent accidents and environmental damage, and to sustain PV's inherent environmental, health, and safety (EHS) advantages. This paper presents an overview of EHS issues related to current and emerging PV technologies and gives examples of this pro-active approach. We summarize the hazards related to potential accidental releases of toxic or flammable gases used in photovoltaic cell production, and strategies for reducing such risks (e.g., choosing material and process options which inherently have small small risks, and preventing accident-initiating events). Other issues discussed herein include reducing the use of toxic or carcinogenic materials in powder form, managing liquid hazardous waste, and recycling solid waste and spent modules. As the PV industry approaches these issues and mitigation strategies in a vigilant, systematic way, the risk to the industry, the workers, and the public will become minimal. An example is also discussed of environmental benefits from a large scale PV implementation, that is the potential of PV in reducing CO2 emissions. Published in 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Adv Technol, Environm & Waste Technol Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fthenakis, VM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Adv Technol, Environm & Waste Technol Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 22 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 15 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD JAN-FEB PY 2000 VL 8 IS 1 BP 27 EP 38 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-159X(200001/02)8:1<27::AID-PIP296>3.0.CO;2-8 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 298PW UT WOS:000086149200004 ER PT J AU Sheldon, P AF Sheldon, P TI Process integration issues in thin-film photovoltaics and their impact on future research directions SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article ID TIME SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY; X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; SOLAR-CELLS; SURFACE PRETREATMENTS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; JUNCTION FORMATION; CDTE; NA; OPTIMIZATION; INTERFACE AB Thin-film device processing relies heavily on the integration of a variety of materials and a wide array of process steps. These include in some instances, the integration of 'wet' (chemical etching) and 'dry' (deposition and plasma etching) process steps. As substrates are stepped through the process sequence, there are many surfaces that ultimately become interfaces that can have a dramatic impact on ultimate device performance. However, in thin-film R&D, these issues are not always carefully considered. This can have severe consequences when adapting an R&D-developed process into pilot production, and finally, into manufacturing. In this paper, we explore the impact of process integration issues on the microstructure and device performance for three prominent photovoltaic thin-film technologies (cadmium telluride, copper indium diselenide, and amorphous silicon). We also consider the impact of these concepts on future research directions in thin-film photovoltaics. Published in 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 63 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1062-7995 EI 1099-159X J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD JAN-FEB PY 2000 VL 8 IS 1 BP 77 EP 91 PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 298PW UT WOS:000086149200008 ER PT J AU Bower, W AF Bower, W TI Inverters - Critical photovoltaic balance-of-system components: Status, issues, and new-millennium opportunities SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article AB The balance-of-system (BOS) components in a photovoltaic (PV) installation include the array structure, trackers, ac and dc wiring, overcurrent protection, disconnects, interconnects, inverters, charge controllers, energy storage and system controllers. The inverter (sometimes called power-conditioning subsystem (PCS), power conditioner, or static power converter) is the key electrical power handling component of a photovoltaic power system that is attached to ac loads. This paper focuses on the inverter and its related functions as the critical electrical BOS element in a photovoltaic system. The paths that have been taken to arrive at today's inverter technology are summarized and developments in integrated hardware, advancements in packaging, advancements in manufacturing, and opportunities for the new millennium are presented. Published in 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Bower, W (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS0753, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 1062-7995 J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD JAN-FEB PY 2000 VL 8 IS 1 BP 113 EP 126 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-159X(200001/02)8:1<113::AID-PIP306>3.3.CO;2-3 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 298PW UT WOS:000086149200010 ER PT J AU Schock, HW Noufi, R AF Schock, HW Noufi, R TI CIGS-based solar cells for the next millennium SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; POLYCRYSTALLINE; CU(IN,GA)SE-2; PERFORMANCE; MODULES; SODIUM; MODEL; NA AB Thin-film photovoltaic (PV) solar cells based on Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS) have two key distinctive features: highest performance of any true thin-film solar cell (18.8% efficient) and leading performance on the module level, There is no evidence of limits to further improvement of the efficiency. Device stability is not curtailed by intrinsic material properties. The obstacles to large-scale production and commercialization of Cu(In,Ga)Se-2-based modules are the complexity of the material and the manufacturing processes. Published in 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Stuttgart, Inst Phys Elekt, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 38 TC 112 Z9 116 U1 6 U2 57 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1062-7995 EI 1099-159X J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD JAN-FEB PY 2000 VL 8 IS 1 BP 151 EP 160 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-159X(200001/02)8:1<151::AID-PIP302>3.0.CO;2-Q PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 298PW UT WOS:000086149200013 ER PT J AU Green, MA Emery, K King, DL Igari, S AF Green, MA Emery, K King, DL Igari, S TI Solar cell efficiency tables (version 15) SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article ID MULTICRYSTALLINE AB Consolidated tables showing an extensive listing of the highest independently confirmed efficiencies for solar cells and modules are presented. Guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined and new entries since July 1999 are briefly described. Progress since Version 1 of these Tables, published in January 1993, is also briefly summarized. Copyright (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ New S Wales, Photovolta Special Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Div 6224, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Japan Qual Assurance Org, Solar Techno Ctr, Solar Cell Test Res Div, Shizuoka 4311207, Japan. RP Univ New S Wales, Photovolta Special Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. NR 62 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1062-7995 EI 1099-159X J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD JAN-FEB PY 2000 VL 8 IS 1 BP 187 EP 195 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 298PW UT WOS:000086149200016 ER PT J AU Brock, JS AF Brock, JS TI A finite-difference logical-coordinate evaluation method for particle localization SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Computational Physics (ICCP5) CY OCT 11-13, 1999 CL KANAZAWA, JAPAN SP Astron Soc Japan, Chem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Japan Soc Computat Engn & Sci, Japan Soc Ind & Appl Math, Japan Soc Plasma Sci & Nuclear Fus Res, Japan Soc Simulat Technol, Phys Soc Japan, Sci Council Japan, Soc Polymer Sci ID UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS AB Particle methods require robust and efficient advection and localization methods which include logical-coordinate evaluation. The ability to compute logical coordinates with existing methods is, however, not guaranteed within grids that contain nonlinear elements. This note presents a new logical-coordinate evaluation method, based on finite-differences, that provides a robust and efficient solution for coordinate transformation. The new methods enhanced capabilities are demonstrated on a simple test problem. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Brock, JS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE PI KYOTO PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN SN 0375-9687 J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. PY 2000 IS 138 BP 40 EP 42 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 311NT UT WOS:000086891100012 ER PT J AU Garcia, AE Hillson, N Onuchic, JN AF Garcia, AE Hillson, N Onuchic, JN TI Solvent effects on protein folding/unfolding SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Computational Physics (ICCP5) CY OCT 11-13, 1999 CL KANAZAWA, JAPAN SP Astron Soc Japan, Chem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Japan Soc Computat Engn & Sci, Japan Soc Ind & Appl Math, Japan Soc Plasma Sci & Nuclear Fus Res, Japan Soc Simulat Technol, Phys Soc Japan, Sci Council Japan, Soc Polymer Sci ID HYDROPHOBIC INTERACTIONS; STAPHYLOCOCCAL NUCLEASE; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; COLD DENATURATION; FOLDING FUNNELS; ARC REPRESSOR; MODEL; THERMODYNAMICS; STABILIZATION; WATER AB Pressure effects on the hydrophobic potential of mean force led Hummer et al.(1)) to postulate a model for pressure denaturation of proteins in which denaturation occurs by means of water penetration into the protein interior, rather than by exposing the protein hydrophobic core to the solvent - commonly used to describe temperature denaturation. We study the effects of pressure in protein folding/unfolding kinetics in an off-lattice minimalist model of a protein in which pressure effects have been incorporated by means of the pair-wise potential of mean force of hydrophobic groups in water. We show that pressure slows down the kinetics of folding by decreasing the reconfigurational diffusion coefficient and moves the location of the folding transition state. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, T10 MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Hillson, Nathan/F-9957-2012 OI Hillson, Nathan/0000-0002-9169-3978 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE PI KYOTO PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN SN 0375-9687 J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. PY 2000 IS 138 BP 282 EP 291 PG 10 GA 311NT UT WOS:000086891100079 ER PT J AU Hatano, N Gubernatis, JE AF Hatano, N Gubernatis, JE TI A multicanonical Monte Carlo study of the 3D +/- J spin glass SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Computational Physics (ICCP5) CY OCT 11-13, 1999 CL KANAZAWA, JAPAN SP Astron Soc Japan, Chem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Japan Soc Computat Engn & Sci, Japan Soc Ind & Appl Math, Japan Soc Plasma Sci & Nuclear Fus Res, Japan Soc Simulat Technol, Phys Soc Japan, Sci Council Japan, Soc Polymer Sci ID NUMERICAL EVIDENCE; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; MEAN-FIELD; ENSEMBLE; MODEL AB A bivariate multicanonical Monte Carlo simulation of the three-dimensional +/-J Ising spin glass is described. The correlation time of the Monte Carlo dynamics is approximately proportional to the system size, which is a great improvement over previous spin-glass simulations. The order-parameter distribution function P(q) at T = 0.3 exhibits a feature of the droplet picture of the low-temperature phase, as opposed to the mean-field picture. C1 Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Phys, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 1578572, Japan. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Phys, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 1578572, Japan. EM hatano@phys.aoyama.ac.jp RI Hatano, Naomichi/K-8176-2012 OI Hatano, Naomichi/0000-0003-0277-1856 NR 24 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE PI KYOTO PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN SN 0375-9687 J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. PY 2000 IS 138 BP 442 EP 447 PG 6 GA 311NT UT WOS:000086891100114 ER PT J AU Kazimura, Y Tega, H Li, H Sakai, JI AF Kazimura, Y Tega, H Li, H Sakai, JI TI Wave excitations from high dense and hot plasmas SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Computational Physics (ICCP5) CY OCT 11-13, 1999 CL KANAZAWA, JAPAN SP Astron Soc Japan, Chem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Japan Soc Computat Engn & Sci, Japan Soc Ind & Appl Math, Japan Soc Plasma Sci & Nuclear Fus Res, Japan Soc Simulat Technol, Phys Soc Japan, Sci Council Japan, Soc Polymer Sci AB In cosmic plasmas magnetized plasmas with high density and high temperature are often observed. In such plasmas, we investigate what kinds of interaction and wave excitation are developed, by using two dimensional in real space and three dimensional in velocity space fully relativistic electromagnetic PIC code.(1)) As the remarkable results, strong electric fields are produced by the electron thermal expansion from the high density and high temperature region. And particles expanded by the thermal energy interact with background cold plasma, resulting in several waves generated both perpendicular and parallel direction to the ambient magnetic field. We propose the new mechanism of 2w(e) mode excitation from the hot plasma. C1 Toyama Univ, Fac Engn, Lab Plasma Astrophys, Toyama 9308555, Japan. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kazimura, Y (reprint author), Toyama Univ, Fac Engn, Lab Plasma Astrophys, Toyama 9308555, Japan. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE PI KYOTO PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN SN 0375-9687 J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. PY 2000 IS 138 BP 650 EP 651 PG 2 GA 311NT UT WOS:000086891100176 ER PT J AU Haruki, T Sakai, JI Bulanov, S Li, H AF Haruki, T Sakai, JI Bulanov, S Li, H TI Formation of helical current during coalescence of current loops in pair plasmas SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Computational Physics (ICCP5) CY OCT 11-13, 1999 CL KANAZAWA, JAPAN SP Astron Soc Japan, Chem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Japan Soc Computat Engn & Sci, Japan Soc Ind & Appl Math, Japan Soc Plasma Sci & Nuclear Fus Res, Japan Soc Simulat Technol, Phys Soc Japan, Sci Council Japan, Soc Polymer Sci ID GENERATION AB The nonlinear stage of tearing instability in pair (electron-position) plasmas is investigated by three-dimensional relativistic electromagnetic PIC (particle-in-cell) code. Two parallel currents formed in a current sheet due to the tearing instability attract each other and begin to coalesce through magnetic reconnection. During coalescence of current loops, it is shown that two interactive current loops become unstable against kinetic kink instability, resulting in the helical structure. It is also found that the strong magnetic flux along the current is generated at the same stage. C1 Toyama Univ, Fac Engn, Lab Plasma Astrophys, Toyama 9308555, Japan. RAS, Inst Gen Phys, Moscow, Russia. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Haruki, T (reprint author), Toyama Univ, Fac Engn, Lab Plasma Astrophys, Toyama 9308555, Japan. RI Bulanov, Sergei/A-1721-2013 NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE PI KYOTO PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN SN 0375-9687 J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. PY 2000 IS 138 BP 718 EP 719 PG 2 GA 311NT UT WOS:000086891100193 ER PT S AU Balick, LK Hirsch, KL McLachlan, PM Borel, CC Clodius, WB Villenueve, PV AF Balick, LK Hirsch, KL McLachlan, PM Borel, CC Clodius, WB Villenueve, PV BE Roggemann, MC TI Implementation and validation of atmospheric compensation algorithms for Multispectral Thermal Imager (MTI) pipeline processing SO PROPAGATION AND IMAGING THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Propagation and Imaging through the Atmosphere IV CY AUG 03, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE, Remote Sensing Soc ID WATER-VAPOR AB The Multispectral Thermal Imager (MTI) is a satellite system developed by the DoE. It has 10 spectral bands in the reflectance domain and 5 in the thermal LR. It is pointable and, at nadir, provides 5m IFOV in four visible and short near IR bands and 20m IFOV at longer wavelengths. Several of the bands in the reflectance domain were designed to enable quantitative compensation for aerosol effects and water vapor(daytime). These include 3 bands in and adjacent to the 940nm water vapor feature, a band at 1380nm for cirrus cloud detection and a SWIR band with small atmospheric effects. The concepts and development of these techniques have been described in detail at previous SPIE Conferences and in journals. This paper describes the adaptation of these algorithms to the MTI automated processing pipeline (standardized level 2 products) for retrieval of aerosol optical depth land subsequent compensation of reflectance bands for calibration to reflectance) and the atmospheric water vapor content (thermal IR compensation). Input data sources and flaw are described. Validation results are presented. Pre-launch validation was performed using images from the NASA AVIRIS hyperspectral imaging sensor flown in the stratosphere on NASA ER-2 aircraft compared to ground based sun photometer and radiosonde measurements from different sources. These data sets span a range of environmental conditions. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Balick, LK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3770-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2000 VL 4125 BP 150 EP 158 DI 10.1117/12.409296 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BR66E UT WOS:000167103900016 ER PT J AU Yu, WF Tung, CS Wang, H Tasayco, ML AF Yu, WF Tung, CS Wang, H Tasayco, ML TI NMR analysis of cleaved Escherichia coli thioredoxin (1-73/74-108) and its P76A variant: Cis/trans peptide isomerization SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cis/trans proline isomerization; reassembled thioredoxin; fragment complementation ID CIS PROLINE MUTANTS; STAPHYLOCOCCAL NUCLEASE; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; RIBONUCLEASE-A; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; H-1-NMR SPECTRA; PROTEINS; RESOLUTION; SPECTROSCOPY; STABILITY AB Inspection of high resolution three-dimensional (3D) structures from the protein database reveals an increasing number of cis-Xaa-Pro and cis-Xaa-Yaa peptide bonds. However, we are still Car from bring able to predict whether these bonds will remain cis upon single-site substitution of Pro or Yaa and/or cleavage of a peptide bond close to it in the sequence. We have chosen oxidized Escherichia coli thioredoxin (Trx), a member of the Trx superfamily with a single alpha/beta dol nain and cis P76 to determine the effect of single-site substitution and/or cleavage on this isomer. Standard two-dimensional (2D) NMR analysis were performed on cleaved Trx (1-73/74-108) and its P76A variant. Analysis of the NOE connectivities indicates remarkable similarity between the secondary and supersecondary structure of the noncovalent complexes and Trx. Analysis of the 2D version of the HCCH-TOCSY and HMQC-NOESY-HMQC and C-13-filtered HMQC-NOESY spectra of cleaved Trx with uniformly C-13-labeled 175 and P76 shows surprising conservation of both cis P76 and packing of 175 against W31. A similar NMR analysis of its P76A variant provides no evidence for cis A76 and shows only subtle local changes in both the packing of I75 and the interstrand connectivities between its most protected hydrophobic strands (Pl and PI). Indeed, a molecular simulation model for the trans P76A variant of Trx shows only subtle local changes around the substitution site, In conclusion, cleavage of R73 is insufficient to provoke cis/trans isomerization of P76, but cleavage and single-site substitution (P76A) favors the trans isomer. C1 CUNY City Coll, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10031 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Dept Chem, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA. RP Tasayco, ML (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Chem, 138th St & Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA. NR 50 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD JAN PY 2000 VL 9 IS 1 BP 20 EP 28 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 279KG UT WOS:000085042500003 PM 10739243 ER PT S AU Cerny, J AF Cerny, J BE Batchelder, JC TI Delayed proton emission from nuclei: A historical perspective SO PROTON-EMITTING NUCLEI, PROCON '99 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Proton-Emitting Nuclei (PROCON 99) CY OCT 07-09, 1999 CL OAK RIDGE, TN SP Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge Assoc Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Phys Div, Univ Radioactive Ion Beam Consortium, LeCroy Corp, Eurisys Mesures Inc, Xray Instruments Assoc, EG&G ORTEC, Micron Semiconductor ID 2-PROTON RADIOACTIVITY; DECAY AB Early experiments observing proton emission are reviewed, with an emphasis on the initial discovery. Beta-delayed proton emission (1963), direct proton radioactivity (1970), and beta-delayed two-proton emission (1983) have all been observed, while direct two-proton radioactivity is still being sought. This historical overview concludes in 1990. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cerny, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 518 BP 3 EP 13 PG 3 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BQ33X UT WOS:000088014700001 ER PT S AU Rykaczewski, KP Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Bryan, RE Davinson, T Ginter, TN Gross, CJ Grzywacz, R Hamilton, JH Janas, Z Karny, M MacDonald, BD McConnell, JW Piechaczek, A Szerypo, J Toth, KS Walters, WB Woods, PJ Zganjar, EF AF Rykaczewski, KP Batchelder, JC Bingham, CR Bryan, RE Davinson, T Ginter, TN Gross, CJ Grzywacz, R Hamilton, JH Janas, Z Karny, M MacDonald, BD McConnell, JW Piechaczek, A Szerypo, J Toth, KS Walters, WB Woods, PJ Zganjar, EF BE Batchelder, JC TI Proton drip-line studies at HRIBF SO PROTON-EMITTING NUCLEI, PROCON '99 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Proton-Emitting Nuclei (PROCON 99) CY OCT 07-09, 1999 CL OAK RIDGE, TN SP Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge Assoc Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Phys Div, Univ Radioactive Ion Beam Consortium, LeCroy Corp, Eurisys Mesures Inc, Xray Instruments Assoc, EG&G ORTEC, Micron Semiconductor ID DEFORMED-NUCLEI; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; RADIOACTIVITY; DECAY; SPECTROSCOPY; DEFORMATIONS; EMITTERS; ISOMER; LU-151; SN-100 AB Proton radioactivity studies performed at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) within the last few years are reviewed. The discovery of five new proton radioactivities Ho-140, Ho-141m, Tm-145, Lu-150m and Lu-151m is presented together with a recent observation of fine structure in proton emission from Tm-146gs,Tm-m. These proton emitters were produced by means of fusion-evaporation reactions and studied with the HRIBF Recoil Mass Separator and detection system based on a Double-sided Silicon Strip Detector. For Cs-113 and Lu-151, the studies of level structure were extended beyond the proton-emitting states via the measurements with a clover array CLARION using Recoil Decay Tagging. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Rykaczewski, KP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 518 BP 49 EP 58 PG 4 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BQ33X UT WOS:000088014700005 ER PT S AU Sonzogni, AA Davids, CN Woods, PJ Seweryniak, D Carpenter, MP Ressler, JJ Schwartz, J Uusitalo, J Walters, WB AF Sonzogni, AA Davids, CN Woods, PJ Seweryniak, D Carpenter, MP Ressler, JJ Schwartz, J Uusitalo, J Walters, WB BE Batchelder, JC TI Fine structure in deformed proton emitters SO PROTON-EMITTING NUCLEI, PROCON '99 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Proton-Emitting Nuclei (PROCON 99) CY OCT 07-09, 1999 CL OAK RIDGE, TN SP Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge Assoc Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Phys Div, Univ Radioactive Ion Beam Consortium, LeCroy Corp, Eurisys Mesures Inc, Xray Instruments Assoc, EG&G ORTEC, Micron Semiconductor ID NUCLEI; DECAY AB In a recent experiment to study the proton radioactivity of the highly deformed Eu-131 nucleus, two proton lines were detected. The higher energy one was assigned to the ground-state to ground-state decay, while the lower energy, to the ground-state to the 2(+) state decay. This constitutes the first observation of fine structure in proton radioactivity. With these four measured quantities, proton energies, halflife and branching ratio, it is possible to determine the Nilsson configuration of the ground state of the proton emitting nucleus as well as the 2(+) energy and nuclear deformation of the daughter nucleus. These results will be presented and discussed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sonzogni, AA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 518 BP 59 EP 67 PG 5 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BQ33X UT WOS:000088014700006 ER PT S AU Rowe, MW Batchelder, JC Ninov, V Gregorich, KE Toth, KS Bingham, CR Piechaczek, A Xu, XJ Powell, J Joosten, R Cerny, J AF Rowe, MW Batchelder, JC Ninov, V Gregorich, KE Toth, KS Bingham, CR Piechaczek, A Xu, XJ Powell, J Joosten, R Cerny, J BE Batchelder, JC TI Recent studies of proton drip-line nuclei using the Berkeley gas-filled separator SO PROTON-EMITTING NUCLEI, PROCON '99 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Proton-Emitting Nuclei (PROCON 99) CY OCT 07-09, 1999 CL OAK RIDGE, TN SP Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge Assoc Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Phys Div, Univ Radioactive Ion Beam Consortium, LeCroy Corp, Eurisys Mesures Inc, Xray Instruments Assoc, EG&G ORTEC, Micron Semiconductor AB The Berkeley Gas-filled Separator provides new research opportunities at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's 88-Inch Cyclotron. The use of this apparatus for the study of proton drip-line nuclides is discussed. Preliminary results of Kr-78 bombardments of Pd-102 targets at mid-target energies of 360, 375 and 385 MeV are presented. Improvements planned partially as a result of this measurement are also discussed. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rowe, MW (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, MS 88,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 518 BP 95 EP 104 PG 4 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BQ33X UT WOS:000088014700011 ER PT S AU Seweryniak, D Woods, PJ Ressler, JJ Davids, CN Heinz, A Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Walters, WB Caggiano, JA Carpenter, MP Cizewski, JA Davinson, T Ding, KY Fotiades, N Garg, U Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Reiter, P Shergur, J Wiedenhoever, I AF Seweryniak, D Woods, PJ Ressler, JJ Davids, CN Heinz, A Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Walters, WB Caggiano, JA Carpenter, MP Cizewski, JA Davinson, T Ding, KY Fotiades, N Garg, U Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Reiter, P Shergur, J Wiedenhoever, I BE Batchelder, JC TI In-beam studies of proton emitters using the recoil-decay tagging method SO PROTON-EMITTING NUCLEI, PROCON '99 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Proton-Emitting Nuclei (PROCON 99) CY OCT 07-09, 1999 CL OAK RIDGE, TN SP Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge Assoc Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Phys Div, Univ Radioactive Ion Beam Consortium, LeCroy Corp, Eurisys Mesures Inc, Xray Instruments Assoc, EG&G ORTEC, Micron Semiconductor ID DRIP-LINE; SPECTROSCOPY; NUCLEI AB The last five years have witnessed a rapid increase in the volume of data on proton decaying nuclei. The path was led by decay studies with recoil mass separators equipped with double-sided Si strip detectors. The properties of many proton decaying states were deduced, which triggered renewed theoretical interest in the process of proton decay. The decay experiments were closely followed by in-beam gamma-ray studies which extended our knowledge of high-spin states of proton emitters. The unparalleled selectivity of the Recoil-Decay Tagging method combined with the high efficiency of large arrays of Ge detectors allowed, despite small cross sections and overwhelming background from strong reaction channels, the observation of excited states in several proton emitters. Recently, in-beam studies of the deformed proton emitters Ho-141 and Eu-131 have been performed with the GAMMASPHERE array of Ge detectors and the Fragment Mass Analyzer at ATLAS. Evidence was found for rotational bands in 141Ho and Eu-131. The deformations and the single-particle configurations proposed for the proton emitting states from the earlier proton-decay studies were confronted with the assignments deduced based on the in-beam data. It should be noted that the cross section for populating Eu-131 is only about 50 nb, and it represents the weakest channel ever studied in an in-beam experiment. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Seweryniak, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 518 BP 112 EP 121 PG 2 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BQ33X UT WOS:000088014700013 ER PT S AU Talou, P AF Talou, P BE Batchelder, JC TI Dynamical calculation of proton emission from a deformed to a spherical nucleus SO PROTON-EMITTING NUCLEI, PROCON '99 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Proton-Emitting Nuclei (PROCON 99) CY OCT 07-09, 1999 CL OAK RIDGE, TN SP Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge Assoc Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Phys Div, Univ Radioactive Ion Beam Consortium, LeCroy Corp, Eurisys Mesures Inc, Xray Instruments Assoc, EG&G ORTEC, Micron Semiconductor ID TIME-DEPENDENT APPROACH; DECAY; STATES AB The proton decay of a deformed nucleus which undergoes shape modifications during the emission process is investigated through the use of the TDSE approach developed recently. qualitative and illustrative preliminary calculations are presented for high-energy excited states in Cu-58. Tunneling probabilities, decay rates and angular distributions of proton emission are calculated and their dependency upon the (time-dependent) deformation of the potential is investigated. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Talou, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 518 BP 194 EP 199 PG 2 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BQ33X UT WOS:000088014700021 ER PT S AU Davids, CN Esbensen, H AF Davids, CN Esbensen, H BE Batchelder, JC TI Decay rates for spherical and deformed proton emitters SO PROTON-EMITTING NUCLEI, PROCON '99 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Proton-Emitting Nuclei (PROCON 99) CY OCT 07-09, 1999 CL OAK RIDGE, TN SP Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge Assoc Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Phys Div, Univ Radioactive Ion Beam Consortium, LeCroy Corp, Eurisys Mesures Inc, Xray Instruments Assoc, EG&G ORTEC, Micron Semiconductor ID NUCLEI AB Using Green's function techniques, Re derive expressions for the width of a proton decaying state in spherical and deformed nuclei. We show that the proton decay widths calculated by the "exact" expressions of Maglione ct al. are equivalent to the distorted wave expressions of Bugrov et al., and that of Aberg et al, in the spherical case. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Davids, CN (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 518 BP 200 EP 208 PG 3 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BQ33X UT WOS:000088014700022 ER PT S AU Mihaila, B Gurvitz, SA Dean, D Nazarewicz, W AF Mihaila, B Gurvitz, SA Dean, D Nazarewicz, W BE Batchelder, JC TI Asymptotic behavior of the wave packet propagation through a barrier: the green's function approach revisited SO PROTON-EMITTING NUCLEI, PROCON '99 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Proton-Emitting Nuclei (PROCON 99) CY OCT 07-09, 1999 CL OAK RIDGE, TN SP Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge Assoc Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Phys Div, Univ Radioactive Ion Beam Consortium, LeCroy Corp, Eurisys Mesures Inc, Xray Instruments Assoc, EG&G ORTEC, Micron Semiconductor AB To model the decay of a quasibound state we use the modified two-potential approach introduced by Gurvitz and Kalbermann [1,2]. This method has proved itself useful in the past for calculating the decay width and the energy shift of an isolated quasistationary state [5]. We follow the same approach in order to propagate the wave-packet in time with the ultimate goal of extracting the momentum-distribution of emitted particles. The advantage of the method is that it provides the time-dependent wave function in a simple! semi-analytic form. We intend to apply this method to the modeling of metastable states for which no direct integration of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation is available today. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mihaila, B (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Mihaila, Bogdan/D-8795-2013 OI Mihaila, Bogdan/0000-0002-1489-8814 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 518 BP 217 EP 222 PG 4 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BQ33X UT WOS:000088014700024 ER PT S AU Ormand, WE AF Ormand, WE BE Batchelder, JC TI Isospin-forbidden beta-delayed proton emission SO PROTON-EMITTING NUCLEI, PROCON '99 SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Proton-Emitting Nuclei (PROCON 99) CY OCT 07-09, 1999 CL OAK RIDGE, TN SP Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge Assoc Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Phys Div, Univ Radioactive Ion Beam Consortium, LeCroy Corp, Eurisys Mesures Inc, Xray Instruments Assoc, EG&G ORTEC, Micron Semiconductor ID DECAY; NUCLEI; TI-40; EFFICIENCY; DETECTOR; AR-40; CA-37 AB The effects of isospin-symmetry breaking on proton emission following beta-decay to the isobaric analog state are discussed in detail. of particular importance is the mixing with a dense background of lower isospin stales, whose properties are not well known. The possibility of observing T=4 states in even-even, N=Z nuclei, which is viable if the decay proceeds via isospin-forbidden particle emission, is also discussed. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Ormand, WE (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys Directorate, L-414,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-937-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2000 VL 518 BP 275 EP 284 PG 4 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BQ33X UT WOS:000088014700031 ER PT S AU Nitschke, RL Ramos, AG AF Nitschke, RL Ramos, AG BE Kondo, S Furuta, K TI The pit and the safety pendulum SO PSAM 5: PROBABILISTIC SAFETY ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT, VOLS 1-4 SE FRONTIERS SCIENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management CY NOV 27-DEC 01, 2000 CL OSAKA, JAPAN SP Amer Inst Chem Engineers, Amer Nucl Soc, Architectural Inst Japan, Atom Energy Soc Japan AB The hypothesis of this paper is that the safety analysis pendulum has swung considerably in the direction of increasingly complex and lengthy safety evaluations and intense reviews during the past 30 years. The test of this hypothesis will be a review of the safety analysis conducted for various activities associated with the retrieval of transuranic radioactive waste from burial pits at a National Laboratory site over a span of 30 years. The examination will focus on the safety aspects and the safety analysis that was conducted for the projects. At the conclusion of this examination, the paper will identify five reasons why the changes have taken place. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Nitschke, RL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVERSAL ACADEMY PRESS, INC PI TOKYO PA C P O BOX 235, TOKYO, 100-8691, JAPAN SN 0915-8502 BN 4-946443-64-9 J9 FRONT SCI SERIES PY 2000 IS 34 BP 589 EP 594 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT17N UT WOS:000172150100077 ER PT S AU Camp, AL Whitehead, DW Wheeler, TA Lehner, J Chu, TL Lois, E Drouin, M AF Camp, AL Whitehead, DW Wheeler, TA Lehner, J Chu, TL Lois, E Drouin, M BE Kondo, S Furuta, K TI Perspectives on low power and shutdown risk SO PSAM 5: PROBABILISTIC SAFETY ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT, VOLS 1-4 SE FRONTIERS SCIENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management CY NOV 27-DEC 01, 2000 CL OSAKA, JAPAN SP Amer Inst Chem Engineers, Amer Nucl Soc, Architectural Inst Japan, Atom Energy Soc Japan AB This paper presents results from a program sponsored by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission to examine the risks from low power and shutdown operations. Significant progress has been made by the industry in reducing such risks; however, important operational events continue to occur, Current perceptions of low power and shutdown risks are discussed in the paper along with an assessment of our current methods for understanding important events and quantifying their associated risk. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Camp, AL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS0747, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVERSAL ACADEMY PRESS, INC PI TOKYO PA C P O BOX 235, TOKYO, 100-8691, JAPAN SN 0915-8502 BN 4-946443-64-9 J9 FRONT SCI SERIES PY 2000 IS 34 BP 745 EP 751 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BT17N UT WOS:000172150100098 ER EF