FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Palmer, CEA
AF Palmer, CEA
TI Yucca Mountain site characterization project.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 30-NUCL
BP U1036
EP U1036
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903095
ER
PT J
AU Palmer, PD
Miller, GG
AF Palmer, PD
Miller, GG
TI Quantitative analysis of selected RCRA metals using electrochemical
techniques.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 31-TECH
BP U383
EP U383
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901146
ER
PT J
AU Park, J
Henins, I
Selwyn, GS
Jeong, JY
Tu, V
Hicks, RF
AF Park, J
Henins, I
Selwyn, GS
Jeong, JY
Tu, V
Hicks, RF
TI Etching of refractory metals using a novel atmospheric pressure plasma.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 182-NUCL
BP U1082
EP U1082
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903247
ER
PT J
AU Peden, CHF
Su, YL
Daschbach, JL
Fryberger, TB
Wang, Y
Henderson, MA
AF Peden, CHF
Su, YL
Daschbach, JL
Fryberger, TB
Wang, Y
Henderson, MA
TI Ionizing radiation-induced catalysis on metal-oxide particles.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 63-NUCL
BP U1046
EP U1046
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903128
ER
PT J
AU Peterka, DS
Ahmed, M
Suits, AG
AF Peterka, DS
Ahmed, M
Suits, AG
TI Probing metastable O-4* with velocity map imaging.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 201-PHYS
BP U331
EP U331
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034000926
ER
PT J
AU Peterka, DS
Ahmed, M
Ng, C
Suits, AG
AF Peterka, DS
Ahmed, M
Ng, C
Suits, AG
TI Imaging studies utilizing synchrotron radiation at the advanced light
source.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Ames Nat Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 200-PHYS
BP U330
EP U330
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034000925
ER
PT J
AU Pfohl, J
AF Pfohl, J
TI Techniques in nuclear spectroscopy.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 157-NUCL
BP U1074
EP U1074
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903222
ER
PT J
AU Piccoli, PMB
Abney, KD
Schoonover, JR
Dorhout, PK
AF Piccoli, PMB
Abney, KD
Schoonover, JR
Dorhout, PK
TI Synthesis, structure, and physical properties of quaternary F-element
selenophosphates A(M)M(N)P(X)SE(Y) (A = K, Rb, CS; M = Th-232, Pu-239).
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, NMT, DO, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 88-INOR
BP U737
EP U737
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033902223
ER
PT J
AU Pizarro, SA
Fernandez, C
Visser, H
Armstrong, WH
Wieghardt, K
Girerd, JJ
Yachandra, VK
Sauer, KH
Klein, MP
AF Pizarro, SA
Fernandez, C
Visser, H
Armstrong, WH
Wieghardt, K
Girerd, JJ
Yachandra, VK
Sauer, KH
Klein, MP
TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy of manganese model compounds with
relevance to the photosystem II oxygen-evolving complex:
Characterization of the Mn-Cl interaction.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Boston Coll, Dept Chem, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA.
Max Planck Inst Strahlenchem, D-4330 Mulheim, Germany.
Univ Paris Sud, Lab Spectrochim Elements Transit, Orsay, France.
RI Wieghardt, Karl/B-4179-2014; Institute of Chemistry - USP, Dept. of
Chemistry/B-8988-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 493-INOR
BP U859
EP U859
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033902605
ER
PT J
AU Place, I
Penner, T
Whitten, D
AF Place, I
Penner, T
Whitten, D
TI Layered nanocomposites of aggregated dyes end inorganic scaffolding.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Rochester, Ctr Photoinduced Charge Transfer, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
Eastman Kodak Co, Rochester, NY 14650 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 375-PHYS
BP U379
EP U379
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034001095
ER
PT J
AU Pomes, R
AF Pomes, R
TI Theoretical studies of the Grotthuss mechanism in membrane proteins.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 79-COMP
BP U500
EP U500
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901520
ER
PT J
AU Ponder, SM
Schrick, B
Kovtyukhova, NI
Darab, JG
Mallouk, TE
AF Ponder, SM
Schrick, B
Kovtyukhova, NI
Darab, JG
Mallouk, TE
TI Ferragels: Supported zero-valent iron as a remediant for aqueous metal
ion wastes.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
Pacific NW Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Mallouk, Thomas/K-7391-2012
OI Mallouk, Thomas/0000-0003-4599-4208
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 206-NUCL
BP U1089
EP U1089
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903271
ER
PT J
AU Pruski, M
Wiench, JW
Tischendorf, B
Otaigbe, J
AF Pruski, M
Wiench, JW
Tischendorf, B
Otaigbe, J
TI Characterization of connectivities between PO4 units in zinc phosphate
glasses by nuclear magnetic resonance.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 52-GEOC
BP U660
EP U661
PN 1
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901996
ER
PT J
AU Rai, DP
Rao, LF
Felmy, AR
Hess, NJ
AF Rai, DP
Rao, LF
Felmy, AR
Hess, NJ
TI Measuring and modeling the solubility of Cr(III) compounds in
concentrated NaOH and NaOH/NaNo3 solutions: Application to pretreatment
of high-level waste sludges.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm & Hlth Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 202-NUCL
BP U1088
EP U1088
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903267
ER
PT J
AU Rao, LF
AF Rao, LF
TI Join the division of nuclear chemistry and technology.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 40-NUCL
BP U1039
EP U1039
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903105
ER
PT J
AU Ray, D
AF Ray, D
TI Ion complexants at liquid interfaces studied by nonlinear laser
spectroscopy.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 117-ANYL
BP U161
EP U161
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033900429
ER
PT J
AU Reinsch, V
Greenberg, A
Kelley, SS
Krantz, W
AF Reinsch, V
Greenberg, A
Kelley, SS
Krantz, W
TI Effect of cross-linking on compaction and performance of cellulose
acetate membranes during high-pressure gas separation.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Colorado, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 1-MACR
BP U706
EP U706
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034002135
ER
PT J
AU Ressler, JJ
Walters, WB
Wiescher, M
Aprahamian, A
AF Ressler, JJ
Walters, WB
Wiescher, M
Aprahamian, A
TI Half-life measurement for the rp-process waiting point nuclide Zr-80.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Maryland, Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 159-NUCL
BP U1075
EP U1075
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903224
ER
PT J
AU Rillema, DP
Ferrere, S
Shan, BZ
AF Rillema, DP
Ferrere, S
Shan, BZ
TI Photophysical and electron photoinjection properties of ruthenium(II)
complexes containing bipyridine ligands with attached carboxyl groups.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Wichita State Univ, Dept Chem, Wichita, KS 67260 USA.
Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 124-INOR
BP U748
EP U749
PN 1
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033902256
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, JM
Foster, LL
Wilson, KR
Smilowitz, LB
Casson, JL
Dubey, MK
Johal, MS
Wilson, BF
AF Robinson, JM
Foster, LL
Wilson, KR
Smilowitz, LB
Casson, JL
Dubey, MK
Johal, MS
Wilson, BF
TI Capillary absorption of methane on model Titan ices: Implications for a
hidden hydrocarbon ocean.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Dubey, Manvendra/E-3949-2010
OI Dubey, Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 290-PHYS
BP U356
EP U356
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034001013
ER
PT J
AU Rothenberger, KS
Cugini, AV
Siriwardane, RV
Martello, DV
Poston, JA
Fisher, EP
Graham, WJ
Balachandran, U
Dorris, SE
AF Rothenberger, KS
Cugini, AV
Siriwardane, RV
Martello, DV
Poston, JA
Fisher, EP
Graham, WJ
Balachandran, U
Dorris, SE
TI Performance testing of hydrogen transport membranes at elevated
temperatures and pressures.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US DOE, Fed Energy Technol Ctr, Fuels & Chem Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
US DOE, Gaseous Fuels & Gas Cleanup Div, Fed Energy Techol Ctr, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
US DOE, Fed Energy Technol Ctr, Combust & Cleanup Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
Parsons Infrastruct & Technol, Fed Energy Technol Ctr, Library, PA 15129 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Ceram Sect, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 106-FUEL
BP U634
EP U635
PN 1
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901920
ER
PT J
AU Rundberg, RS
Fowler, MM
Haight, RC
Miller, GG
Palmer, PD
Seabury, EH
Ullmann, JL
Wilhelmy, JB
Koehler, P
Kappeler, F
AF Rundberg, RS
Fowler, MM
Haight, RC
Miller, GG
Palmer, PD
Seabury, EH
Ullmann, JL
Wilhelmy, JB
Koehler, P
Kappeler, F
TI Neutron capture cross section measurements for the analysis of the
S-process.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 98-NUCL
BP U1056
EP U1056
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903163
ER
PT J
AU Russ, WR
Valentine, JD
Stuenkel, DO
Gross, KC
AF Russ, WR
Valentine, JD
Stuenkel, DO
Gross, KC
TI Performance evaluation of a fluid-based heavy noble gbs concentration
system.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, Neely Nucl Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
Univ Cincinnati, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, Dept MINE, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Anal Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 57-NUCL
BP U1044
EP U1044
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903122
ER
PT J
AU Russo, RE
Borisov, OV
Mao, XL
AF Russo, RE
Borisov, OV
Mao, XL
TI Improving direct characterization of solid-waste forms using laser
ablation with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 147-NUCL
BP U1072
EP U1072
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903212
ER
PT J
AU Rustad, JR
Wiley, WR
AF Rustad, JR
Wiley, WR
TI Molecular simulation of the magnetite(FE3O4)-water interface.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Pacific NW Lab, EMSL, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
MentorGraphics, Wilsonville, OR 97070 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 36-COLL
BP U410
EP U410
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901230
ER
PT J
AU Sachleben, RA
Moyer, BA
Bryan, JC
Haverlock, TJ
Engel, NL
Franconville, B
Urvoas, A
AF Sachleben, RA
Moyer, BA
Bryan, JC
Haverlock, TJ
Engel, NL
Franconville, B
Urvoas, A
TI Calix[4]arene crown-6 ethers: Recent developments in enhanced
cesium-selective extractants.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem Separat Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016
OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 109-NUCL
BP U1060
EP U1060
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903174
ER
PT J
AU Saljoughian, M
Morimoto, H
Williams, PG
AF Saljoughian, M
Morimoto, H
Williams, PG
TI Synthesis of high specific activity 3H-labeled nucleosides and
nucleotides.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
ID 5'-TRIPHOSPHATES
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Tritium Labelling Facil, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 7-MEDI
BP U911
EP U911
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033902760
ER
PT J
AU Salmeron, M
AF Salmeron, M
TI Structure and friction of boundary lubricants under confinement.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 159-COLL
BP U445
EP U445
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901352
ER
PT J
AU Samet, AV
Marshalkin, VN
Semenov, VV
Buchanan, AC
Gakh, AA
AF Samet, AV
Marshalkin, VN
Semenov, VV
Buchanan, AC
Gakh, AA
TI Synthesis and chemical transformations of some nitrobenzoazoles.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 ND Zelinskii Organ Chem Inst, Moscow 117913, Russia.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 47-ORGN
BP U21
EP U21
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034000048
ER
PT J
AU Savina, M
Wang, Y
Xu, ZY
Reed, C
Pellin, M
AF Savina, M
Wang, Y
Xu, ZY
Reed, C
Pellin, M
TI Analysis and decontamination of concrete by laser ablation.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Technol Dev Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008
OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 148-NUCL
BP U1072
EP U1072
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903213
ER
PT J
AU Schenter, GK
Garrett, BC
Ray, D
Daschbach, JL
AF Schenter, GK
Garrett, BC
Ray, D
Daschbach, JL
TI Transport of small molecules across the liquid-vapor interface of water.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Garrett, Bruce/F-8516-2011; Schenter, Gregory/I-7655-2014
OI Schenter, Gregory/0000-0001-5444-5484
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 427-PHYS
BP U394
EP U394
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034001144
ER
PT J
AU Schreckenbach, G
Ruiz-Morales, Y
Wolff, SK
Khandogin, J
Ziegler, T
Patchkovskii, S
AF Schreckenbach, G
Ruiz-Morales, Y
Wolff, SK
Khandogin, J
Ziegler, T
Patchkovskii, S
TI GIAO-DFT approach to the calculation of NMR and EPR parameters:
Quanitative results and qualitative interpretations.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
RI Ziegler, Tom/D-7863-2012
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 170-PHYS
BP U322
EP U322
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034000897
ER
PT J
AU Seaman, JC
Bertsch, PM
AF Seaman, JC
Bertsch, PM
TI In situ radionuclide stabilization: Scientific basis for minimally
invasive treatment techniques.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Adv Analyt Ctr Environm Sci, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 101-NUCL
BP U1057
EP U1057
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903166
ER
PT J
AU Seeck, OH
Sinha, SK
Rafailovich, M
Sokolov, J
Shin, K
Tolan, M
AF Seeck, OH
Sinha, SK
Rafailovich, M
Sokolov, J
Shin, K
Tolan, M
TI Surface properties of soft matter thin films studied by X-ray and
neutron scattering methods.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, APS XFD, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA.
Univ Kiel, D-24098 Kiel, Germany.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 168-COLL
BP U448
EP U448
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901361
ER
PT J
AU Selinskaya, YA
Akhmetov, MD
Khotimsky, VS
Volkov, VV
Fadeev, AG
Meagher, MM
Kelley, SS
AF Selinskaya, YA
Akhmetov, MD
Khotimsky, VS
Volkov, VV
Fadeev, AG
Meagher, MM
Kelley, SS
TI Study on pervaporation and sorption of 1-butanol aqueous solutions and
fermentation mixtures using poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) membranes.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 AV Topchiev Petrochem Synth Inst, Moscow 117912, Russia.
AV Topchiev Petrochem Synth Inst, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
Univ Nebraska, Biol Proc Dev Facil, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
Ctr Renewable Chem Technol & Mat, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 14-MACR
BP U710
EP U710
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034002148
ER
PT J
AU Seliskar, CJ
Slaterbeck, A
Shi, YN
Maizels, M
Ross, S
Stegemiller, M
Ridgway, TH
Heineman, WR
Bryan, SA
AF Seliskar, CJ
Slaterbeck, A
Shi, YN
Maizels, M
Ross, S
Stegemiller, M
Ridgway, TH
Heineman, WR
Bryan, SA
TI Novel spectroelectrochemical sensor for ferrocyanide in Hanford waste
simulant.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
Pacific NW Lab, Radiochem Proc Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 142-NUCL
BP U1070
EP U1070
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903207
ER
PT J
AU Semenov, VV
Zelinsky, ND
Gakh, AA
AF Semenov, VV
Zelinsky, ND
Gakh, AA
TI Symbiotic chemistry of aliphatic and heterocyclic nitrocompounds.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 ND Zelinskii Organ Chem Inst, Moscow 117913, Russia.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 29-ORGN
BP U16
EP U16
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034000030
ER
PT J
AU Sepaniak, M
Gibson, T
Jeremy, H
Christopher, T
Panos, D
AF Sepaniak, M
Gibson, T
Jeremy, H
Christopher, T
Panos, D
TI Strategies to immobilize chemically selective reagent phases to enhance
microsensor performance.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 143-NUCL
BP U1070
EP U1070
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903208
ER
PT J
AU Shults, WD
AF Shults, WD
TI Beauty of analytical chemistry.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 102-ANYL
BP U157
EP U157
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033900418
ER
PT J
AU Smith, BB
Nozik, AJ
AF Smith, BB
Nozik, AJ
TI Theoretical studies of the semiconductor-liquid interface.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 23-COLL
BP U406
EP U406
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901217
ER
PT J
AU Smith, DM
Neu, MP
Garcia, E
Dole, VR
AF Smith, DM
Neu, MP
Garcia, E
Dole, VR
TI Plutonium pyrochemical salts oxidation and distillation processing:
Residue stabilization and fundamental studies.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 594-INOR
BP U891
EP U892
PN 1
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033902703
ER
PT J
AU Sowder, AG
Clark, SB
Fjeld, RA
AF Sowder, AG
Clark, SB
Fjeld, RA
TI Impact of mineralogy in the U(VI)-Ca-PO4 system on the environmental
availability of uranium: Consequences for radioactive waste management.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Engn & Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 104-NUCL
BP U1058
EP U1058
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903169
ER
PT J
AU Spath, P
Amos, W
Chambers, H
Madden, DR
Smith, D
Shelton, W
AF Spath, P
Amos, W
Chambers, H
Madden, DR
Smith, D
Shelton, W
TI Technoeconomic analysis of hydrogen production from western coal
augmented with CO2 sequestration and coalbed methane recovery.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EG&G, TSWV, Wellesley, MA 02181 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 94-FUEL
BP U631
EP U631
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901908
ER
PT J
AU Stanka, B
Hebenstreit, W
Reed, W
Diebold, U
Chambers, SA
AF Stanka, B
Hebenstreit, W
Reed, W
Diebold, U
Chambers, SA
TI Treatment-dependent surface reconstruction of FE3O4(001).
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Diebold, Ulrike/A-3681-2010
OI Diebold, Ulrike/0000-0003-0319-5256
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 74-COLL
BP U420
EP U420
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901268
ER
PT J
AU Stevens, B
Wilson, EL
AF Stevens, B
Wilson, EL
TI Thermal Decomposition of Cellulose.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 13-TECH
BP U379
EP U379
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901130
ER
PT J
AU Stewart, FF
Harrup, MK
Peterson, ES
Stone, ML
Orme, CJ
Polson, LA
AF Stewart, FF
Harrup, MK
Peterson, ES
Stone, ML
Orme, CJ
Polson, LA
TI Chemically tailored phosphazene polymers for water separations
applications: Synthesis, characterization, and membrane formation.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Lockheed Martin Idaho Technol Co, Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RI Peterson, Eric/B-9127-2017
OI Peterson, Eric/0000-0002-2292-4939
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 19-MACR
BP U711
EP U711
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034002153
ER
PT J
AU Stiegel, GJ
Maxwell, RC
AF Stiegel, GJ
Maxwell, RC
TI Changing markets and needs refocus and expand the Federal Energy
Technology Center's gasification-based technologies program.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US DOE, Fed Energy Technol Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
Burns & Roe Serv Corp, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 37-FUEL
BP U613
EP U614
PN 1
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901853
ER
PT J
AU Stoyer, MA
Hudson, GB
Lougheed, RW
Sangster, TC
AF Stoyer, MA
Hudson, GB
Lougheed, RW
Sangster, TC
TI Omega gas-sampling system and radiochemical diagnostics for NIF.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Analyt & Nucl Chem Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 141-NUCL
BP U1069
EP U1069
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903206
ER
PT J
AU Struve, WS
Savikhin, S
Chitnis, PR
Xu, W
AF Struve, WS
Savikhin, S
Chitnis, PR
Xu, W
TI Electronic excitation transport and trapping in wild-pipe and mutant
photosystem 1 from synechocystis SPPCC 6803.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 36-PHYS
BP U285
EP U285
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034000772
ER
PT J
AU Swanson, B
AF Swanson, B
TI Integrated optical biosensor: An ultrasensitive and specific biosensor
inspired by nature.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Biomimet Sensors & Mat, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 311-INOR
BP U802
EP U802
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033902429
ER
PT J
AU Sylwester, AP
AF Sylwester, AP
TI Sandia's microchemlab program.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Catalysis & Chem Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 134-ANYL
BP U166
EP U166
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033900446
ER
PT J
AU Tanner, DD
Vigneswaran, M
Kandanarchchi, P
Das, NC
Franz, JA
AF Tanner, DD
Vigneswaran, M
Kandanarchchi, P
Das, NC
Franz, JA
TI Solution-phase chemistry of atomic hydrogen: Reactions with organic
substrates.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 53-FUEL
BP U619
EP U619
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901869
ER
PT J
AU Terminello, LJ
AF Terminello, LJ
TI Actinide Sciences Summer School Program at LLNL.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Transactinium Sci, Analyt & Nucl Chem Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 139-NUCL
BP U1068
EP U1069
PN 1
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903204
ER
PT J
AU Trauth, KM
Gruebel, MM
AF Trauth, KM
Gruebel, MM
TI Environmental protection agency regulatory framework as a contributing
factor for certification of the waste isolation pilot plant.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 28-NUCL
BP U1035
EP U1035
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903093
ER
PT J
AU Tumas, W
AF Tumas, W
TI Catalysis in dense-phase fluids for environmentally benign chemical
synthesis.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Catalyis Initiat, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 298-INOR
BP U799
EP U799
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033902420
ER
PT J
AU Van den Avyle, JA
Molecke, MA
Williamson, RL
Melgaard, DK
Pal, UB
Chernicoff, WP
MacDonald, CJ
Bychkov, SI
Podoynitsin, S
Kudinov, KG
AF Van den Avyle, JA
Molecke, MA
Williamson, RL
Melgaard, DK
Pal, UB
Chernicoff, WP
MacDonald, CJ
Bychkov, SI
Podoynitsin, S
Kudinov, KG
TI Electroslag remelting process studies for decontamination of stainless
steels: Current results.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Min & Chem Combine, Sci Technol Ctr, Zheleznogorsk, Russia.
Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 68-NUCL
BP U1047
EP U1047
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903133
ER
PT J
AU Vance, AL
Baumann, TF
Fox, GA
AF Vance, AL
Baumann, TF
Fox, GA
TI Hydroxy-salen complexes as sol-gel precursors.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 109-INOR
BP U744
EP U744
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033902245
ER
PT J
AU Vanheusden, K
Devine, RAB
Fleetwood, DM
Warren, WL
AF Vanheusden, K
Devine, RAB
Fleetwood, DM
Warren, WL
TI Nonvolatile memory application using mobile protons in the gate oxide.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 USAF, Res Lab, VSSE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
France Telecom, Ctr Natl Etud Telecommun, F-38243 Meylan, France.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 18-COMP
BP U484
EP U484
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901465
ER
PT J
AU Volkov, VV
Gokzhaev, MM
Malakhov, AO
Samokhvalov, RV
Kelley, SS
AF Volkov, VV
Gokzhaev, MM
Malakhov, AO
Samokhvalov, RV
Kelley, SS
TI Microheterogeneity and free volume structure of
poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne).
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 AV Topchiev Petrochem Synth Inst, Moscow 117912, Russia.
NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 7-MACR
BP U708
EP U708
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034002141
ER
PT J
AU Waezsada, SD
Dai, S
Barnes, CE
Xue, ZL
AF Waezsada, SD
Dai, S
Barnes, CE
Xue, ZL
TI Combined ionic exchange and ligand modification approaches to
highly-selective mesoporous silica.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015
OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 82-NUCL
BP U1052
EP U1052
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903147
ER
PT J
AU Walters, EA
Grover, JR
Arnberg, DL
Hagenow, G
Clay, CTT
Cheng, BM
Willcox, MVV
AF Walters, EA
Grover, JR
Arnberg, DL
Hagenow, G
Clay, CTT
Cheng, BM
Willcox, MVV
TI Kinetic energy release distributions in the photoionization-induced
dissociative rearrangements of weak complexes.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Free Univ Berlin, Inst Phys Chem, D-1000 Berlin, Germany.
Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 208-PHYS
BP U333
EP U333
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034000933
ER
PT J
AU Wang, HB
Yu, LP
Wang, HH
AF Wang, HB
Yu, LP
Wang, HH
TI Self-assembly study of a series of novel amphiphilic rod-coil diblock
copolymers.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 426-POLY
BP U520
EP U520
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034001567
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZM
Li, H
Li, LY
Joly, AG
Strachan, DM
Qian, MX
Davis, LL
Darab, JG
AF Wang, ZM
Li, H
Li, LY
Joly, AG
Strachan, DM
Qian, MX
Davis, LL
Darab, JG
TI Fluorescence spectroscopic study of gadolinium in
sodium-alumino-borosilicate glass.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 166-NUCL
BP U1077
EP U1077
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903231
ER
PT J
AU Ward, TE
AF Ward, TE
TI Possible role of pep weak interactions in the early history of the
earth.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 119-NUCL
BP U1063
EP U1063
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903184
ER
PT J
AU Watkin, JG
Hijar, CA
Scott, BL
AF Watkin, JG
Hijar, CA
Scott, BL
TI Neutral and anionic transition-metal complexes supported by
decafluorodiphenylamido ligands.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 511-INOR
BP U866
EP U866
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033902622
ER
PT J
AU Watkin, JG
Carter, CAG
Bercaw, JE
Labinger, JA
Whitwell, GE
AF Watkin, JG
Carter, CAG
Bercaw, JE
Labinger, JA
Whitwell, GE
TI Homogeneous alkane functionalization catalysis.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Akzo Nobel Chem, Cent Res, Dobbs Ferry, NY 10522 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 7-IEC
BP U678
EP U678
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033902041
ER
PT J
AU Weiss, S
Dahan, M
Lacoste, T
Glass, J
Laurence, T
Chemla, DS
Deniz, A
Ting, A
Grunwell, J
Faulhaber, AE
Schultz, PG
AF Weiss, S
Dahan, M
Lacoste, T
Glass, J
Laurence, T
Chemla, DS
Deniz, A
Ting, A
Grunwell, J
Faulhaber, AE
Schultz, PG
TI Observing single biomolecule reactions.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Dahan, Maxime /F-1740-2010
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 80-PHYS
BP U297
EP U297
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034000812
ER
PT J
AU White, MG
Rao, RM
Beuhler, RJ
AF White, MG
Rao, RM
Beuhler, RJ
TI Development of a 2-D imaging detector for surface photochemistry
applications.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 197-PHYS
BP U330
EP U330
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034000922
ER
PT J
AU Whitten, DG
Chen, L
Wang, HL
Geiger, HC
Place, I
McBranch, D
Penner, TL
AF Whitten, DG
Chen, L
Wang, HL
Geiger, HC
Place, I
McBranch, D
Penner, TL
TI Supramolecular assemblies based on surfactant polymer interactions.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 15-COLL
BP U404
EP U404
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901209
ER
PT J
AU Wilkerson, CW
Hemberger, PH
Cisper, ME
Allen, TM
AF Wilkerson, CW
Hemberger, PH
Cisper, ME
Allen, TM
TI Real-time broad spectrum characterization of hazardous waste by membrane
introduction mass spectrometry.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 146-NUCL
BP U1071
EP U1071
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903211
ER
PT J
AU Winans, RE
Hunt, JE
AF Winans, RE
Hunt, JE
TI Overview of resid characterization by mass spectrometry and small-angle
scattering techniques.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 60-FUEL
BP U620
EP U621
PN 1
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901876
ER
PT J
AU Winans, RE
Seifert, S
Thiyagarajan, P
AF Winans, RE
Seifert, S
Thiyagarajan, P
TI Time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering reactivity studies on coals,
asphaltenes, and polymers.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 8-FUEL
BP U605
EP U605
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901824
ER
PT J
AU Wolf, SF
Lipschutz, ME
AF Wolf, SF
Lipschutz, ME
TI Heterogeneous accretion of the H chondrite parent body.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 116-NUCL
BP U1062
EP U1062
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033903181
ER
PT J
AU Wouters, ER
Ahmed, M
Peterka, DS
Vasyutinskii, OS
Suits, AG
AF Wouters, ER
Ahmed, M
Peterka, DS
Vasyutinskii, OS
Suits, AG
TI Atomic orbital angular momentum alignment and coherence in the
photodissociation of nitrous oxide and ozone.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Russian Acad Sci, Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 398-PHYS
BP U386
EP U386
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034001115
ER
PT J
AU Wunderlich, B
AF Wunderlich, B
TI Analysis of the nanophase structure of semicrystalline polymers with
atomic force microscopy (AFM), microcalorimetry (MC), and
temperature-modulated calorimetry (TMC).
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 122-PMSE
BP U637
EP U637
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034001918
ER
PT J
AU Xantheas, SS
AF Xantheas, SS
TI Critical issues in the understanding and modeling of collective effects
in water.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Xantheas, Sotiris/L-1239-2015
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 62-PHYS
BP U292
EP U292
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034000795
ER
PT J
AU Xu, LQ
Carrado, KA
AF Xu, LQ
Carrado, KA
TI In situ hydrothermal synthesis of surface-functionalized hectorite from
gels containing organosilanes.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 149-COLL
BP U442
EP U442
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901342
ER
PT J
AU Xu, LQ
Carrado, KA
AF Xu, LQ
Carrado, KA
TI Synthesis of polymer-clay materials as catalyst precursors using a
microwave-heating technique.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 106-INOR
BP U743
EP U743
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033902241
ER
PT J
AU Xu, YW
Tait, CD
Runde, WH
AF Xu, YW
Tait, CD
Runde, WH
TI Formation and stability of uranyl(VI) hydroxo-halido complexes in
aqueous systems.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 110-ENVR
BP U576
EP U576
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033901749
ER
PT J
AU Yeung, ES
Pang, HM
Xue, G
Gong, XY
AF Yeung, ES
Pang, HM
Xue, G
Gong, XY
TI Highly multiplexed capillary electrophoresis: Going beyond DNA analysis.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 135-ANYL
BP U166
EP U166
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033900447
ER
PT J
AU Yeung, ES
Xu, XN
Shortreed, MR
AF Yeung, ES
Xu, XN
Shortreed, MR
TI Combining spectroscopy and chromatography in analytical chemistry.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 118-ANYL
BP U161
EP U161
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033900430
ER
PT J
AU Yoder, LM
Barker, JR
Lorenz, KT
Chandler, DW
AF Yoder, LM
Barker, JR
Lorenz, KT
Chandler, DW
TI Recoil energy disposal in the vibrational predissociation of some van
der Waals dimers.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RI Barker, John/F-5904-2012
OI Barker, John/0000-0001-9248-2470
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 98-PHYS
BP U302
EP U302
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034000828
ER
PT J
AU Zerkle, DK
Paffett, MT
AF Zerkle, DK
Paffett, MT
TI Elucidating the role of homogeneous reactions in methane-conversion
chemistry in a short-contact-time reactor.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, CST Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 6-IEC
BP U677
EP U677
PN 1
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226QZ
UT WOS:000082033902040
ER
PT J
AU Zlotin, SG
Serebryakov, EA
Kislitsin, PG
Konyushkin, LD
Semenov, VV
Buchanan, AC
Gakh, AA
AF Zlotin, SG
Serebryakov, EA
Kislitsin, PG
Konyushkin, LD
Semenov, VV
Buchanan, AC
Gakh, AA
TI Nitro-1,2-benzoisothiazoles and isothiazolones from polynitroaromatic
compounds and related chemistry.
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 ND Zelinskii Organ Chem Inst, Moscow 117913, Russia.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 218
MA 48-ORGN
BP U22
EP U22
PN 2
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226RA
UT WOS:000082034000049
ER
PT J
AU Pomes, R
Eisenmesser, E
Post, CB
Roux, B
AF Pomes, R
Eisenmesser, E
Post, CB
Roux, B
TI Calculating excess chemical potentials using dynamic simulations in the
fourth dimension
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FREE-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; LAMBDA-DYNAMICS;
COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; BINDING AFFINITIES; LIQUID WATER; THERMODYNAMICS;
HYDRATION; SOLUTES; SYSTEM
AB A general method for computing excess chemical potentials is presented. The excess chemical potential of a solute or ligand molecule is estimated from the potential of mean-force (PMF) calculated along a nonphysical fourth spatial dimension, w, into which the molecule is gradually inserted or from which it is gradually abstracted. According to this "4D-PMF" (four dimensional) scheme, the free energy difference between two limiting states defines the excess chemical potential: At w = +/-infinity, the molecule is not interacting with the rest of the system, whereas at w=0, it is fully interacting. Use of a fourth dimension avoids the numerical instability in the equations of motion encountered upon growing or shrinking solute atoms in conventional free energy perturbation simulations performed in three dimensions, while benefiting from the efficient sampling of configurational space afforded by PMF calculations. The applicability and usefulness of the method are illustrated with calculations of the hydration free energy of simple Lennard-Jones (LJ) solutes, a water molecule, and camphor, using molecular dynamics simulations and umbrella sampling. Physical insight into the nature of the PMF profiles is gained from a continuum treatment of short- and long-range interactions. The short-range barrier for dissolution of a LJ solute in the added dimension provides an apparent surface tension of the solute. An approximation to the long-range behavior of the PMF profiles is made in terms of a continuum treatment of LJ dispersion and electrostatic interactions. Such an analysis saves the need for configurational sampling in the long-range limit of the fourth dimension. The 4D-PMF method of calculating excess chemical potentials should be useful for neutral solute and ligand molecules with a wide range of sizes, shapes, and polarities. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)51231-2].
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp T10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Purdue Univ, Dept Med Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47901 USA.
Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
Univ Montreal, Dept Chim, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp T10, Mail Stop K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM regis@lanl.gov; rouxb@plgcn.umontreal.ca
NR 31
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 22
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 8
BP 3387
EP 3395
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 224ZF
UT WOS:000081929300008
ER
PT J
AU Cao, YW
Chai, XD
Li, TJ
Smith, J
Li, DQ
AF Cao, YW
Chai, XD
Li, TJ
Smith, J
Li, DQ
TI Self-patterned H-bond supramolecular self-assembly
SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID-STATE; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; MONOLAYERS; WATER; SUPERLATTICE;
SURFACES; TAPES
AB Barbituric acid and melamine derivatives self-assembled into highly ordered structures from the molecular scale (similar to 3 Angstrom) to geometric patterns on a macroscale (similar to 0.5 mm).
C1 Jilin Univ, Dept Chem, Changchun 10023, Peoples R China.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div CST4, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Li, DQ (reprint author), Jilin Univ, Dept Chem, Changchun 10023, Peoples R China.
NR 20
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 1
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD,, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1359-7345
J9 CHEM COMMUN
JI Chem. Commun.
PD AUG 21
PY 1999
IS 16
BP 1605
EP 1606
DI 10.1039/a902674f
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 222BT
UT WOS:000081764000078
ER
PT J
AU Sablik, MJ
Jiles, DC
AF Sablik, MJ
Jiles, DC
TI A modified Stoner-Wohlfarth computational model for hysteretic magnetic
properties in a ferromagnetic composite rod under torsion
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TORQUE; STRESS; RING
AB In this paper, a Stoner-Wohlfarth approach to magnetic hysteresis is used as a model for a fenomagnetic composite rod consisting of single domain 'grains' with random orientations embedded in a non-magnetic matrix. The rod is considered to be under torsional stress, which means that the rod at each point on its outer surface is experiencing biaxial stress along axes at 45 degrees relative to the rod axis, with one stress equal to sigma and the other equal to -sigma. A magnetic field is considered to act parallel to the rod axis. The modified Stoner-Wohlfarth model of Callegaro and Puppin is adapted to this biaxial stress configuration. Results computed using the adapted model are presented and compared to results computed previously that were obtained by applying the domain wall pinning model to the torsional stress situation. It was found that the adapted model results are not very sensitive to the maximum value of the field, while the opposite is true for results from the domain wall pinning model. Secondly, the coercivity increased with torque, instead of the opposite situation with the domain wall pinning model, where coercivity decreased with torque. Reasons for this behaviour are presented in the paper. Differences related to symmetry properties of the model are also discussed. Finally, the model exhibits the possibility of both first- and second-order transitions in the hysteresis curve for different values of torque.
C1 SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Sablik, MJ (reprint author), SW Res Inst, PO Drawer 28510, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA.
RI Jiles, David/H-9548-2012
NR 23
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 21
PY 1999
VL 32
IS 16
BP 1971
EP 1983
DI 10.1088/0022-3727/32/16/304
PG 13
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 231DA
UT WOS:000082291800007
ER
PT J
AU Va'vra, J
AF Va'vra, J
CA CRID Collaboration
TI Long-term operational experience with the barrel CRID at SLD
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Workshop on Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detectors (RICH98)
CY NOV 15-20, 1998
CL EN GEDI, ISRAEL
SP Israel Sci Fdn, Weizmann Inst Sci
ID RING-IMAGING DETECTOR; PHOTOCATHODE; SYSTEMS
AB The Barrel GRID detector has been operating successfully at SLD for the past seven years. It is an important tool for SLD physics analyses. The long-term operational experience with this device is described. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Va'vra, J (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, SLAC Bin 62,POB 4349, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
NR 38
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD AUG 21
PY 1999
VL 433
IS 1-2
BP 59
EP 70
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00367-8
PG 12
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 229MW
UT WOS:000082199200007
ER
PT J
AU Adam, I
Aleksan, R
Aston, D
Bailly, P
Beigbeder, C
Benayoun, M
Benkebil, M
Bonneaud, G
Breton, D
Briand, H
Brown, D
Bourgeois, P
Chauveau, J
Cizeron, R
Cohen-Tanugi, J
Convery, M
Dardin, S
David, P
De Domenico, G
de la Vaissiere, C
de Lesquen, A
Del Buono, L
Doser, M
Emery, S
Fouque, G
Gaidot, A
Gastaldi, F
Genat, JF
Geld, T
Gosset, L
Hale, D
de Monchenault, GH
Hamon, O
Hoecker, A
Imbault, D
Kadel, RW
Kadyk, J
Kalelkar, M
Karolak, M
Kawahara, H
Krueger, H
Le Diberder, F
Lebbolo, H
Leruste, PH
London, G
Long, M
Lory, J
Lu, A
Lutz, AM
Lynch, G
Mancinelli, G
McCulloch, M
McShurley, D
Malchow, R
Matricon, P
Mayer, B
Meadows, B
Micout, P
Muller, D
Narjoux, JL
Noppe, JM
Oshatz, D
Oxoby, G
Plano, R
Plaszczynski, S
Pripstein, M
Rasson, J
Ratcliff, B
Reif, R
Renard, C
Roos, L
Roussot, E
Salnikov, A
Sarazin, X
Schune, MH
Schwiening, J
Sen, S
Shelkov, V
Sokoloff, M
Staengle, H
Spanier, S
Stiles, P
Stone, R
Thiebaux, C
Truong, K
Toki, W
Valassi, A
Vasileiadis, G
Vasseur, G
Va'vra, J
Verderi, M
Versille, S
Warner, D
Weber, T
Weber, TF
Wenzel, W
Wilson, R
Wormser, G
Yeche, C
Yellin, S
Zhang, B
Zito, M
AF Adam, I
Aleksan, R
Aston, D
Bailly, P
Beigbeder, C
Benayoun, M
Benkebil, M
Bonneaud, G
Breton, D
Briand, H
Brown, D
Bourgeois, P
Chauveau, J
Cizeron, R
Cohen-Tanugi, J
Convery, M
Dardin, S
David, P
De Domenico, G
de la Vaissiere, C
de Lesquen, A
Del Buono, L
Doser, M
Emery, S
Fouque, G
Gaidot, A
Gastaldi, F
Genat, JF
Geld, T
Gosset, L
Hale, D
de Monchenault, GH
Hamon, O
Hoecker, A
Imbault, D
Kadel, RW
Kadyk, J
Kalelkar, M
Karolak, M
Kawahara, H
Krueger, H
Le Diberder, F
Lebbolo, H
Leruste, PH
London, G
Long, M
Lory, J
Lu, A
Lutz, AM
Lynch, G
Mancinelli, G
McCulloch, M
McShurley, D
Malchow, R
Matricon, P
Mayer, B
Meadows, B
Micout, P
Muller, D
Narjoux, JL
Noppe, JM
Oshatz, D
Oxoby, G
Plano, R
Plaszczynski, S
Pripstein, M
Rasson, J
Ratcliff, B
Reif, R
Renard, C
Roos, L
Roussot, E
Salnikov, A
Sarazin, X
Schune, MH
Schwiening, J
Sen, S
Shelkov, V
Sokoloff, M
Staengle, H
Spanier, S
Stiles, P
Stone, R
Thiebaux, C
Truong, K
Toki, W
Valassi, A
Vasileiadis, G
Vasseur, G
Va'vra, J
Verderi, M
Versille, S
Warner, D
Weber, T
Weber, TF
Wenzel, W
Wilson, R
Wormser, G
Yeche, C
Yellin, S
Zhang, B
Zito, M
TI The DIRC detector at BaBar
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Workshop on Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detectors (RICH98)
CY NOV 15-20, 1998
CL EN GEDI, ISRAEL
SP Israel Sci Fdn, Weizmann Inst Sci
ID CHERENKOV
AB A dedicated particle identification system based on the Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov (DIRC) light will be used in the BaBar detector. We provide an overview of the DIRC concept, design, and expected performance of the production device and a status report on its construction and commissioning. The DIRC is expected to be operating in the BaBar detector on beam line at the PEP-II B Factory in late spring 1999. 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
CEA, DAPNIA, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
Univ Paris Sud, LAL Orsay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
Ecole Polytech, LPNHE, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA.
Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Pripstein, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Valassi, Andrea/K-7506-2012;
OI Valassi, Andrea/0000-0001-9322-9565; Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103
NR 7
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD AUG 21
PY 1999
VL 433
IS 1-2
BP 121
EP 127
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00352-6
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 229MW
UT WOS:000082199200014
ER
PT J
AU Korpar, S
Arinyo, I
Atiya, M
Broemmelsiek, D
Carvalho, J
Dujmic, D
Eckmann, R
Garrido, L
Gorisek, A
Ivaniouchenkov, I
Ispirian, M
Karabekian, S
Krizan, P
Lau, K
Maas, P
McGill, J
Miquel, R
Pestotnik, R
Pyrlik, J
Ramachadran, D
Reeves, K
Rosen, J
Schwitters, R
Staric, M
Stanovnik, A
Skrk, D
AF Korpar, S
Arinyo, I
Atiya, M
Broemmelsiek, D
Carvalho, J
Dujmic, D
Eckmann, R
Garrido, L
Gorisek, A
Ivaniouchenkov, I
Ispirian, M
Karabekian, S
Krizan, P
Lau, K
Maas, P
McGill, J
Miquel, R
Pestotnik, R
Pyrlik, J
Ramachadran, D
Reeves, K
Rosen, J
Schwitters, R
Staric, M
Stanovnik, A
Skrk, D
TI The HERA-B RICH
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Workshop on Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detectors (RICH98)
CY NOV 15-20, 1998
CL EN GEDI, ISRAEL
SP Israel Sci Fdn, Weizmann Inst Sci
ID DETECTOR
AB The essential components of the ring imaging Cherenkov detector for the HERA-B experiment are briefly described. Results of the first test measurements with the HERA proton beam are presented and the capability of the RICH to identify kaons is estimated. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Univ Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
BNL, Upton, NY USA.
Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA.
LIP, Coimbra, Portugal.
Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany.
Univ Houston, Houston, TX USA.
RP Korpar, S (reprint author), Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
RI Carvalho, Joao/M-4060-2013;
OI Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Garrido Beltran,
Lluis/0000-0001-8883-6539; Krizan, Peter/0000-0002-4967-7675; Miquel,
Ramon/0000-0002-6610-4836
NR 8
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD AUG 21
PY 1999
VL 433
IS 1-2
BP 128
EP 135
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00324-1
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 229MW
UT WOS:000082199200015
ER
PT J
AU Akiba, Y
Begay, R
Burward-Hoy, J
Chappell, R
Crook, D
Ebisu, K
Emery, MS
Ferriera, J
Frawley, AD
Hamagaki, H
Hara, H
Hayano, RS
Hemmick, TK
Hibino, M
Hutter, R
Kennedy, M
Kikuchi, J
Matsumoto, T
Moscone, CG
Nagasaka, Y
Nishimura, S
Oyama, K
Sakaguchi, T
Salomone, S
Shigaki, K
Tanaka, Y
Walker, JW
Wintenberg, AL
Young, GR
AF Akiba, Y
Begay, R
Burward-Hoy, J
Chappell, R
Crook, D
Ebisu, K
Emery, MS
Ferriera, J
Frawley, AD
Hamagaki, H
Hara, H
Hayano, RS
Hemmick, TK
Hibino, M
Hutter, R
Kennedy, M
Kikuchi, J
Matsumoto, T
Moscone, CG
Nagasaka, Y
Nishimura, S
Oyama, K
Sakaguchi, T
Salomone, S
Shigaki, K
Tanaka, Y
Walker, JW
Wintenberg, AL
Young, GR
TI Ring imaging Cherenkov detector of PHENIX experiment at RHIC
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Workshop on Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detectors (RICH98)
CY NOV 15-20, 1998
CL EN GEDI, ISRAEL
SP Israel Sci Fdn, Weizmann Inst Sci
AB The RICH detector of the PHENIX experiment at RHIC is currently under construction. Its main function is to identity electron tracks in a very high particle density, about 1000 charged particles per unit rapidity, expected in the most violent collisions at RHIC. The design and construction status of the detector and its expected performance are described. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tokyo, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 1880002, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
Waseda Univ, Tokyo 1698555, Japan.
RP Akiba, Y (reprint author), High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
RI Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014
OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806;
NR 3
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD AUG 21
PY 1999
VL 433
IS 1-2
BP 143
EP 148
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00319-8
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 229MW
UT WOS:000082199200017
ER
PT J
AU Engelfried, J
Filimonov, I
Kilmer, J
Kozhevnikov, A
Kubarovsky, V
Molchanov, V
Nemitkin, A
Ramberg, E
Rud, V
Stutte, L
AF Engelfried, J
Filimonov, I
Kilmer, J
Kozhevnikov, A
Kubarovsky, V
Molchanov, V
Nemitkin, A
Ramberg, E
Rud, V
Stutte, L
TI The RICH detector of the SELEX experiment
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Workshop on Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detectors (RICH98)
CY NOV 15-20, 1998
CL EN GEDI, ISRAEL
SP Israel Sci Fdn, Weizmann Inst Sci
DE RICH detector; phototubes
AB A RICH detector was used during the 1996/7 fixed target run at Fermilab in experiment E781 - SELEX. The detector utilizes a matrix of 2848 phototubes for the photocathode. The figure of merit, N-o, has been measured to be in excess of 100 cm(-1). The ring radius resolution for multitrack events has been measured to be 1.8 mm, which gives K/pi. separation on a 2 sigma level up to a momentum of 165 GeV/c, and p/pi separation up to 320 GeV/c. We will describe the design of the detector, discuss the stability during operation, and report on achieved results (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA.
Moscow State Univ, Moscow, Russia.
Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia.
RP Engelfried, J (reprint author), Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Manuel Nava 6,Zona Univ, San Luis Potosi 78240, Mexico.
NR 9
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD AUG 21
PY 1999
VL 433
IS 1-2
BP 149
EP 152
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00308-3
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 229MW
UT WOS:000082199200018
ER
PT J
AU Muller, D
AF Muller, D
CA SLD Collaboration
TI Physics results from SLD using the GRID
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Workshop on Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detectors (RICH98)
CY NOV 15-20, 1998
CL EN GEDI, ISRAEL
SP Israel Sci Fdn, Weizmann Inst Sci
DE GRID; RICH; SLD
ID Z(0); BOSONS; QUARKS
AB We review recent Z(0) physics results from SLD that use CRID particle identification. The performance of the detector and likelihood method are described briefly. Several hadronization measurements are presented, including identified hadron production in events of different primary flavors; leading hadron production, and new correlation studies sensitive to details of both leading and nonleading hadron production. Identified K+/- have been used in conjunction with precision vertexing to study charmless and doubly charmed B-hadron decays. This combination has also been used to tag b, (b) over bar, c and (c) over bar jets, yielding precise measurements of B-0-(B) over bar(0) mixing and of the asymmetric couplings A(b) and A(c). Identified K+/- and Lambda(0)/<(Lambda)over bar>(0) have been used to tag s and (s) over bar jets, yielding a measurement of A(s). The clean identified particle samples provided efficiently by the CRID allow the purities of these tags to be measured from the data, an essential ingredient for precision physics. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Muller, D (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, POB 4349,Bin 68, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD AUG 21
PY 1999
VL 433
IS 1-2
BP 314
EP 327
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00339-3
PG 14
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 229MW
UT WOS:000082199200044
ER
PT J
AU Krizan, P
Arinyo, I
Atiya, M
Broemmelsiek, D
Carvalho, J
Dujmic, D
Eckmann, R
Garrido, L
Gorisek, A
Ispirian, M
Ivaniouchenkov, I
Karabekyan, S
Korpar, S
Lau, K
Miquel, R
Pestotnik, R
Pyrlik, J
Ramachadran, D
Reeves, K
Rosen, J
Schwitters, R
Skrk, D
Stanovnik, A
Staric, M
Zivko, T
AF Krizan, P
Arinyo, I
Atiya, M
Broemmelsiek, D
Carvalho, J
Dujmic, D
Eckmann, R
Garrido, L
Gorisek, A
Ispirian, M
Ivaniouchenkov, I
Karabekyan, S
Korpar, S
Lau, K
Miquel, R
Pestotnik, R
Pyrlik, J
Ramachadran, D
Reeves, K
Rosen, J
Schwitters, R
Skrk, D
Stanovnik, A
Staric, M
Zivko, T
TI The physics potential of the HERA-B RICH
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Workshop on Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detectors (RICH98)
CY NOV 15-20, 1998
CL EN GEDI, ISRAEL
SP Israel Sci Fdn, Weizmann Inst Sci
DE RICH; HERA-B experiment; high-energy physics
ID DETECTOR
AB The physics potential of the RICH counter of the HERA-B experiment is illustrated in several MC simulated examples. In particular, we discuss its performance as an auxiliary tracking device. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Ljubljana, Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 61000, Slovenia.
Univ Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
BNL, Upton, NY USA.
Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA.
Univ Coimbra, LIP, Coimbra, Portugal.
Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany.
Univ Houston, Houston, TX USA.
RP Krizan, P (reprint author), Univ Ljubljana, Jozef Stefan Inst, POB 100,Jadranska 19, Ljubljana 61000, Slovenia.
RI Carvalho, Joao/M-4060-2013;
OI Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Garrido Beltran,
Lluis/0000-0001-8883-6539; Krizan, Peter/0000-0002-4967-7675; Miquel,
Ramon/0000-0002-6610-4836
NR 5
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD AUG 21
PY 1999
VL 433
IS 1-2
BP 357
EP 365
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00328-9
PG 9
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 229MW
UT WOS:000082199200050
ER
PT J
AU Bailly, P
Chauveau, J
Del Buono, L
Genat, JF
Lebbolo, H
Roos, L
Zhang, B
Beigbeder, C
Bernier, R
Breton, D
Caceres, T
Chase, R
Ducorps, A
Hrisoho, A
Imbert, P
Sen, S
Tocut, V
Truong, K
Wormser, G
Zomer, F
Bonneaud, G
Dohou, F
Gastaldi, F
Matricon, P
Renard, C
Thiebaux, C
Vasileiadis, G
Verderi, M
Oxoby, G
Va'Vra, J
Warner, D
Wilson, RJ
AF Bailly, P
Chauveau, J
Del Buono, L
Genat, JF
Lebbolo, H
Roos, L
Zhang, B
Beigbeder, C
Bernier, R
Breton, D
Caceres, T
Chase, R
Ducorps, A
Hrisoho, A
Imbert, P
Sen, S
Tocut, V
Truong, K
Wormser, G
Zomer, F
Bonneaud, G
Dohou, F
Gastaldi, F
Matricon, P
Renard, C
Thiebaux, C
Vasileiadis, G
Verderi, M
Oxoby, G
Va'Vra, J
Warner, D
Wilson, RJ
TI The DIRC front-end electronics chain for BaBar
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Workshop on Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detectors (RICH98)
CY NOV 15-20, 1998
CL EN GEDI, ISRAEL
SP Israel Sci Fdn, Weizmann Inst Sci
DE BaBar detector; DIRC; DCC; high-energy particles
AB The detector of Internally Reflected Cherenkov light (DIRC) of the BaBar detector (SLAC Stanford, USA) measures better than 1 ns the arrival time of Cherenkov photoelectrons, detected in a 11 000 phototubes array and their amplitude spectra. It mainly comprises of 64-channel DIRC Front-End Boards (DFB) equipped with eight full-custom Analog chips performing zero-cross discrimination with 2 mV threshold and pulse shaping, four full-custom Digital TDC chips for timing measurements with 500 ps binning and a readout logic selecting hits in the trigger window, and DIRC Crate Controller cards (DCC) serializing the data collected from up to 16 DFBs onto a 1.2 Gb/s optical link. Extensive test of the pre-production chips have been performed as well as system tests. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France.
Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France.
Univ Paris Sud, Accelerateur Lineaire Lab, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France.
Ecole Polytech, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Genat, JF (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, T33 RC,4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France.
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD AUG 21
PY 1999
VL 433
IS 1-2
BP 450
EP 455
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00461-1
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 229MW
UT WOS:000082199200064
ER
PT J
AU Ratcliff, BN
Spanier, S
AF Ratcliff, BN
Spanier, S
TI DIRC dreams: research directions for the next generation of internally
reflected imaging counters
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Workshop on Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detectors (RICH98)
CY NOV 15-20, 1998
CL EN GEDI, ISRAEL
SP Israel Sci Fdn, Weizmann Inst Sci
ID PARTICLE IDENTIFICATION; CHERENKOV; PROTOTYPE; DEVICE; LIGHT
AB Some conceptual design features of the total internally reflecting, imaging Cherenkov counter (DIRC) are described. Limits of the DIRC approach to particle identification, and a few features of alternative DIRC designs, are briefly explored. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Ratcliff, BN (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
NR 15
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD AUG 21
PY 1999
VL 433
IS 1-2
BP 456
EP 463
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00355-1
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 229MW
UT WOS:000082199200065
ER
PT J
AU Va'vra, J
Manzin, G
McCulloch, M
Stiles, P
Sauli, F
AF Va'vra, J
Manzin, G
McCulloch, M
Stiles, P
Sauli, F
TI Fast drift GRID with GEM
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Workshop on Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detectors (RICH98)
CY NOV 15-20, 1998
CL EN GEDI, ISRAEL
SP Israel Sci Fdn, Weizmann Inst Sci
ID ELECTRON MULTIPLIER GEM; PHOTON DETECTORS; AMPLIFICATION
AB The only available technique at the present time, to perform particle identification up to 40-50 GeV/c in a 4 pi solenoidal geometry using the Cherenkov ring imaging method is the use of gaseous detectors filled with either TMAE or TEA photocathodes, and a combination of the gaseous, and solid or liquid radiators. If one would consider building such a device, one may want to investigate alternative methods of building a single-electron detector. This paper investigates the feasibility of using the GEM together with a simple MWPC detector employing 33 mu m diameter carbon wires to obtain a second coordinate. The results are compared to the GRID single-electron detector. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
RP Va'vra, J (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, SLAC Bin62,POB 4349, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
NR 13
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD AUG 21
PY 1999
VL 433
IS 1-2
BP 527
EP 532
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00368-X
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 229MW
UT WOS:000082199200077
ER
PT J
AU Alcock, C
Allsman, RA
Alves, D
Axelrod, TS
Becker, AC
Bennett, DP
Cook, KH
Drake, AJ
Freeman, KC
Griest, K
Lehner, MJ
Marshall, SL
Minniti, D
Peterson, BA
Pratt, MR
Quinn, PJ
Stubbs, CW
Sutherland, W
Tomaney, A
Vandehei, T
Welch, DL
AF Alcock, C
Allsman, RA
Alves, D
Axelrod, TS
Becker, AC
Bennett, DP
Cook, KH
Drake, AJ
Freeman, KC
Griest, K
Lehner, MJ
Marshall, SL
Minniti, D
Peterson, BA
Pratt, MR
Quinn, PJ
Stubbs, CW
Sutherland, W
Tomaney, A
Vandehei, T
Welch, DL
CA MACHO Collaboration
TI Difference image analysis of galactic microlensing. I. Data analysis
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE atmospheric effects; Galaxy : stellar content; gravitational lensing;
techniques : image processing
ID COMPACT HALO OBJECTS; UNRESOLVED STARS; MACHO PROJECT; BULGE; EVENTS;
SEARCH; REFRACTION; M-31
AB This is a preliminary report on the application of Difference Image Analysis (DIA) to Galactic bulge images. The aim of this analysis is to increase the sensitivity to the detection of gravitational microlensing. We discuss how the DIA technique simplifies the process of discovering microlensing events by detecting only objects that have variable flux. We illustrate how the DIA technique is not limited to detection of so-called "pixel lensing" events but can also be used to improve photometry for classical microlensing events by removing the effects of blending. We will present a method whereby DIA can be used to reveal the true unblended colors, positions, and light curves of microlensing events. We discuss the need for a technique to obtain the accurate microlensing timescales from blended sources and present a possible solution to this problem using the existing Hubble Space Telescope color-magnitude diagrams of the Galactic bulge and LMC. The use of such a solution with both classical and pixel microlensing searches is discussed. We show that one of the major causes of systematic noise in DIA is differential refraction. A technique for removing this systematic by effectively registering images to a common air mass is presented. Improvements to commonly used image differencing techniques are discussed.
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Australian Natl Univ, Supercomp Facil, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 95616 USA.
Australian Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.
Univ Washington, Dept Phys & Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England.
Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago 22, Chile.
MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
RP Alcock, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; Quinn, Peter/B-3638-2013;
OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; Lehner,
Matthew/0000-0003-4077-0985
NR 34
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 521
IS 2
BP 602
EP 612
DI 10.1086/307567
PN 1
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 226JX
UT WOS:000082017800016
ER
PT J
AU Hoffman, RD
Woosley, SE
Weaver, TA
Rauscher, T
Thielemann, FK
AF Hoffman, RD
Woosley, SE
Weaver, TA
Rauscher, T
Thielemann, FK
TI The reaction rate sensitivity of nucleosynthesis in type II supernovae
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances stars : interiors;
supernovae : general
ID THERMONUCLEAR REACTION-RATES; GIANT-DIPOLE RESONANCE; WEAK-INTERACTION
RATES; INTERMEDIATE-MASS NUCLEI; CAPTURE CROSS-SECTIONS; S-PROCESS;
RADIATION WIDTHS; NEUTRON-CAPTURE; LESS-THAN; P-PROCESS
AB We explore the sensitivity of the nucleosynthesis of intermediate-mass elements (28 less than or equal to A less than or similar to 80) in supernovae derived from massive stars to the nuclear reaction rates employed in the model. Two standard sources of reaction rate data are employed in pairs of calculations that are otherwise identical. Both include as a common backbone the experimental reactions rates of Caughlan & Fowler. Two stellar models are calculated for each of two masses: 15 and 25 M.. Each star is evolved from core hydrogen burning to a presupernova state carrying an appropriately large reaction network and then exploded using a piston near the edge of the iron core as described by Woosley & Weaver. The final stellar yields from the models calculated with the two rate sets are compared and found to differ in most cases by less than a factor of 2 over the entire range of nuclei studied. Reasons for the major discrepancies along with the physics underlying the two reaction rate sets employed are discussed in detail. The nucleosynthesis results are relatively robust and less sensitive than might be expected to uncertainties in nuclear reaction rates, though they are sensitive to the stellar model employed.
C1 Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85740 Garching, Germany.
Univ Basel, Dept Phys & Astron, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RI Rauscher, Thomas/D-2086-2009
OI Rauscher, Thomas/0000-0002-1266-0642
NR 97
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 521
IS 2
BP 735
EP 752
DI 10.1086/307568
PN 1
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 226JX
UT WOS:000082017800029
ER
PT J
AU Drake, JJ
Swartz, DA
Beiersdorfer, P
Brown, GV
Kahn, SM
AF Drake, JJ
Swartz, DA
Beiersdorfer, P
Brown, GV
Kahn, SM
TI On photospheric fluorescence and the nature of the 17.62 angstrom
feature in solar X-ray spectra
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic processes; line : formation; line : identification; Sun : corona;
Sun : X-rays, gamma rays
ID PHOTOIONIZATION CROSS-SECTIONS; ABUNDANCE; FLARE; IRON; SPECTROMETER;
SUN
AB The identification of the emission-line feature at 17.62 Angstrom, in solar X-ray spectra is reexamined. Using a Monte Carlo technique, we compute a realistic theoretical upper limit to the observed Fe L alpha photospheric fluorescent line strength caused by irradiation from an overlying corona. These calculations demonstrate that the photospheric Fe L alpha characteristic line is much too weak to account for the observed 17.62 Angstrom, line flux. Instead, we identify this line with the configuration interaction 2s(2)2p(4)3p P-2(3/2)-2s2p(6) S-2(1/2) transition in Fe XVIII seen in Electron Beam Ion Trap spectra and predicted in earlier theoretical work on the Fe XVIII X-ray spectrum. This line should be easily resolved and detected in stellar coronae by the spectrographs on the upcoming Chandra X-ray Observatory, and X-ray Multi-mirror Mission.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Chandra Xray Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RP Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Chandra Xray Ctr, MS-3,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM jdrake@cfa.harvard.edu; swartz@avalon.msfc.nasa.gov;
beiersdorfer@llnl.gov; brown86@llnl.gov; skahn@astro.columbia.edu
NR 28
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 521
IS 2
BP 839
EP 843
DI 10.1086/307593
PN 1
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 226JX
UT WOS:000082017800035
ER
PT J
AU Frieman, JA
Gaztanaga, E
AF Frieman, JA
Gaztanaga, E
TI The projected three-point correlation function: Theory and observations
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology : observations; cosmology : theory; large-scale structure of
universe; methods : analytical; methods : numerical
ID 3-POINT CORRELATION-FUNCTION; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; APM GALAXY SURVEY;
GAUSSIAN INITIAL CONDITIONS; HIGHER-ORDER STATISTICS; SHANE-WIRTANEN
CATALOG; QUASI-LINEAR REGIME; POWER SPECTRUM; COSMOLOGICAL
PERTURBATIONS; GRAVITATIONAL-INSTABILITY
AB We report results for the angular three-point galaxy correlation function in the APM Galaxy Survey and compare them with theoretical expectations. For the first time, these measurements extend to sufficiently large scales to probe the weakly nonlinear regime. On large scales, the results are in good agreement with the predictions of nonlinear cosmological perturbation theory for a model with initially Gaussian fluctuations and linear power spectrum P(k) consistent with that inferred from the APM survey. These results reinforce the conclusion that large-scale structure is driven by nonlinear gravitational instability and that APM galaxies are relatively unbiased tracers of the mass on large scales; they also provide stringent constraints upon models with non-Gaussian initial conditions and strongly exclude the standard cold dark matter model.
C1 NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
CSIC, Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya, IEEC, Barcelona 08034, Spain.
RP Frieman, JA (reprint author), NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 38
TC 56
Z9 58
U1 1
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 521
IS 2
BP L83
EP L86
DI 10.1086/312195
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 226KA
UT WOS:000082018100002
ER
PT J
AU Herman, GS
Peden, CHF
AF Herman, GS
Peden, CHF
TI Segregation of K at the TiO2(100) surface
SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Conference on Surface Characterization of Adsorption and Interfacial
Reactions
CY JAN 11-16, 1998
CL KEANHOU KONA, HAWAII
SP Engn Fdn, Natl Sci Fdn, Int Assoc Colloid & Interface Scientists, US/Japan Ctr UT
DE TiO2; potassium; AES
ID ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; ION-SCATTERING SPECTROSCOPY; CATALYTIC
PROPERTIES; POTASSIUM; OXYGEN; V2O5/TIO2; TITANIUM
AB We have studied the segregation of potassium to the surface of TiO2(100) using Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), low energy electron diffraction (LEED), direct recoil spectroscopy (DRS), and mass-spectroscopy of recoiled ions (MSRI). It is found that the concentration of potassium at the surface is strongly influenced by the sample temperature. MSRI results indicate the presence of potassium starting at annealing temperatures of 675 K and the subsequent disappearance above 875 K. Conversely, AES only indicates the presence of potassium after annealing the sample to 975 K. Together these results indicate that below 875 K, potassium exists in the very topmost surface layer, while above 875 K, potassium is located below this layer. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Herman, GS (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-7757
J9 COLLOID SURFACE A
JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 154
IS 1-2
BP 187
EP 192
DI 10.1016/S0927-7757(98)00896-6
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 213LK
UT WOS:000081274200019
ER
PT J
AU Waller, KL
Cooke, BM
Nunomura, W
Mohandas, N
Coppel, RL
AF Waller, KL
Cooke, BM
Nunomura, W
Mohandas, N
Coppel, RL
TI Mapping the binding domains involved in the interaction between the
Plasmodium falciparum knob-associated histidine-rich protein (KAHRP) and
the cytoadherence ligand P-falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1
(PfEMP1)
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RED-CELL MEMBRANE; INFECTED ERYTHROCYTES; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; OPTICAL
BIOSENSOR; MALARIAL ANTIGEN; RESONANT MIRROR; GENE; SPECTRIN; SEQUENCE;
THROMBOSPONDIN
AB Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) clusters at electron-dense knob-like structures on the surface of malaria-infected red blood cells and mediates their adhesion to the vascular endothelium. In parasites lacking knobs, vascular adhesion is less efficient, and infected red cells are not able 60 immobilize successfully under hemodynamic flow conditions even though PfEMP1 is still present on the exterior of the infected red cell. me examined the interaction between the knob-associated histidine-rich protein (KAHRP), the parasite protein upon which knob formation is dependent, and PfEMP1, and we show evidence of a direct interaction between KAHRP and the cytoplasmic region of PfEMP1 (VARC). We have identified three fragments of KAHRP which bind VARC. Two of these KAHRP fragments (K1A and K2A) interact with VARC with binding affinities (K-D(kin)) of 1 x 10(-7) M and 3.3 x 10(-6) M respectively, values comparable to those reported previously for protein-protein interactions in normal and infected red cells. Further experiments localized the high affinity binding regions of KAHRP to the 63-residue histidine-rich and 70-residue 5' repeats. Deletion of these two regions from the KAHRP fragments abolished their ability to bind to VARC. Identification of the critical domains involved in interaction between KAHRP and PfEMP1 may aid development of new therapies to prevent serious complications of P. falciparum malaria.
C1 Monash Univ, Dept Microbiol, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Coppel, RL (reprint author), Monash Univ, Dept Microbiol, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
RI Coppel, Ross/A-6626-2008
OI Coppel, Ross/0000-0002-4476-9124
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-32094]
NR 41
TC 104
Z9 106
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 274
IS 34
BP 23808
EP 23813
DI 10.1074/jbc.274.34.23808
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 227ZV
UT WOS:000082110900021
PM 10446142
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, KP
Lin, CH
Jankowiak, R
Small, GJ
AF Roberts, KP
Lin, CH
Jankowiak, R
Small, GJ
TI On-line identification of diastereomeric dibenzo[a,l]pyrene diol
epoxide-derived deoxyadenosine adducts by capillary
electrophoresis-fluorescence line-narrowing and non-line narrowing
spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Symposium on High Performance Capillary
Electrophoresis and Related Microscale Techniques
CY JAN 23-28, 1999
CL PALM SPRINGS, CALIFORNIA
DE detection, electrophoresis; fluorescence detection; fluoresence lime
narrowing spectroscopy; fluoresence non-line narrowing spectroscopy;
deoxyadenosine; dibenzopyrene diol epoxide; DNA; polynuclear aromatic
hydrocarbons
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
SHELLFISH POISONING TOXINS; MOUSE SKIN; ELECTROKINETIC CHROMATOGRAPHY;
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DNA-ADDUCTS; 7,12-DIMETHYLBENZANTHRACENE;
BENZOPYRENE; CARCINOGENESIS
AB A capillary electrophoretic method for the separation and on-line identification of closely related analytes using low-temperature fluorescence spectroscopy is reported for the eight diastereomeric deoxyadenosine (dA) adducts derived from dibenzo[a,l]pyrene diol epoxide (DB[a,l]PDE). Electrophoretic separation of stereoisomers was accomplished by application of a mixed surfactant buffer [dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS)and Brij-S], which was below the critical micelle concentration (CMC) due to the high concentration (similar to 25%) of organic solvent. Addition of multiple surfactant additives to the separation buffer provided electrophoretic resolution, which was unattainable under single surfactant conditions. It is shown that the CE-separated analyte zones could be identified on-line via low-temperature (4.2 K) fluorescence non-line narrowing and fluorescence line-narrowing (FLN) spectroscopy. In addition, it was determined that in CE buffer trans-syn-,cis-syn- and cis-anti-DB[a,l]PDE-14-N(6)dA diastereomeric adducts exist mostly with the -dA and DB[a,l]P moiety in an "open"-type conformation while the trans-anti-DB[a,l]PDE-14-N6dA adducts exist in two different conformations whose relative distribution depends on matrix composition. The above conformations have also been revealed by selective laser excitation. Thus, the low-temperature methodology not only provides fingerprint structure via vibrationally resolved 4.2 K fluorescence spectra for adduct identification, but also provides conformational information on the spatial relationship of the carcinogen and dA moiety. These results, taken together with those for DB[a,I]P-DNA adducts formed in standard glasses and mouse epidermis exposed to DB[a,l]P, support our earlier findings that DB[a,l]P-derived adducts exist in different conformations [Jankowiak et al., Chem. Res. Toxicol. 11 (1998) 674]. Therefore, the combination of the separation power of CE and spectral selectivity of low-temperature fluorescence spectroscopy at NLN and FLN conditions provides a powerful methodology which should prove useful for identification of closely related DNA adducts formed at low levels in biological systems. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science BN. All rights reserved.
C1 US Dept Energy, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Jankowiak, R (reprint author), US Dept Energy, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
FU NCI NIH HHS [P0I CA49210-0]
NR 47
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-9673
J9 J CHROMATOGR A
JI J. Chromatogr. A
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 853
IS 1-2
BP 159
EP 170
DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00507-5
PG 12
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 229VX
UT WOS:000082217400018
PM 10486722
ER
PT J
AU Lu, SX
Yeung, ES
AF Lu, SX
Yeung, ES
TI Side-entry excitation and detection of square capillary array
electrophoresis for DNA sequencing
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Symposium on High Performance Capillary
Electrophoresis and Related Microscale Techniques
CY JAN 23-28, 1999
CL PALM SPRINGS, CALIFORNIA
DE detection; electrophoresis; instrumentation; DNA
ID ASSISTED LASER-DESORPTION; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CROSS-LINKED
POLYACRYLAMIDE; HIGH-SPEED; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); FRAGMENTS;
SEPARATIONS; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; HYBRIDIZATION; MOLECULE
AB In high throughput DNA sequencing based on capillary electrophoresis, efficient coupling of the laser to each capillary is a challenge. Our group previously reported two multiple point irradiation schemes. The present work describes a more efficient excitation and detection method in which the laser light propagates through the capillary array without undergoing a serious reduction in power. An array of square capillaries (340 mu m O.D.x75 mu m LD.) was sandwiched between two fused-silica plates with an index-matching solution in between. The light was directed into the channel across the capillary array from the side. DNA sequences of PGEM/U from 24 capillaries were obtained even with a relatively low-power laser. The excitation scheme can be scaled up to hundreds of capillaries to achieve high-speed, high-throughput DNA sequencing, genetic typing and drug screening. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Yeung, ES (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 49
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-9673
J9 J CHROMATOGR A
JI J. Chromatogr. A
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 853
IS 1-2
BP 359
EP 369
DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00676-7
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 229VX
UT WOS:000082217400039
PM 10486743
ER
PT J
AU Huang, RL
Espenson, JH
AF Huang, RL
Espenson, JH
TI Kinetics and mechanism of the methyltrioxorhenium-catalyzed
sulfoxidation of thioketones and sulfines
SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID METHYLRHENIUM TRIOXIDE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; OXYGEN-TRANSFER; OXIDATION;
OXIDES; EPOXIDATION; DERIVATIVES
AB Kinetic studies have been carried out on the oxidation of thiobenzophenones and thiocamphor by hydrogen peroxide and on the second step in the sequence, oxidation of the resulting sulfines (Ar2C=S=O). The first reaction follows the pattern now common to methyltrioxorhenium/H2O2 reactions, in that the rate constant for the reaction between the peroxorhenium intermediate and the thioketone follows a Hammett; correlation such that electron-releasing substrates react more rapidly. The reaction constant is rho = -1.12. However, the plot of log(k(X)/k(H)) for the sulfines against 2 sigma, determined over the range -1.6 < 2 sigma < +1.5, is markedly U-shaped. This suggests a mechanism for the sulfines in which the direction of the electron flow in the transition state changes with the electron demand of the substituents on the sulfines. The product of oxidation of the sulfine is a transient sultine (from epoxidation of the C=S bond). It cannot be detected, however, because it so rapidly yields sulfur monoxide. The SO was oxidized to SO2 under these conditions rather than undergoing disproportionation to SO2 and S. Also, SO was trapped with a 1,3-diene as a thiophene-1-oxide.
C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Espenson, JH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 52
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0022-3263
J9 J ORG CHEM
JI J. Org. Chem.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 64
IS 17
BP 6374
EP 6379
DI 10.1021/jo990621e
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 230GN
UT WOS:000082243600034
ER
PT J
AU Giannetta, RW
Tea, NH
Chaves, FAB
Rao, S
Salamon, MB
Kini, AM
Wang, HH
Geiser, U
Schlueter, J
Trawick, MW
Garland, JC
AF Giannetta, RW
Tea, NH
Chaves, FAB
Rao, S
Salamon, MB
Kini, AM
Wang, HH
Geiser, U
Schlueter, J
Trawick, MW
Garland, JC
TI Lockin transition, irreversibility field, and Josephson vortex
penetration depth in kappa-(ET)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br
SO PHYSICA C
LA English
DT Article
DE kappa-(ET)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br; lockin effect; Josephson vortices;
irreversibility line; penetration depth; lower critical field
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; PRESSURE ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTOR;
LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; IN TRANSITION; BEHAVIOR; VORTICES;
CUBR; RELAXATION; BARRIERS; LINE
AB Penetration depth measurements in K-(ET)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br are reported for fields H up to 1 T in magnitude and arbitrary orientation. For H nearly parallel to the conducting planes, the vortex penetration depth is nonmonotonic with field, indicating a lockin effect. Qualitatively similar behavior is observed in BSCCO. The data indicate a much stronger interaction between vortex kinks than predicted. In the field range over which vortex kinks are first formed, the response is hysteretic with an irreversibility field equal to the lower critical field. Both fields show positive curvature with temperature, suggesting relaxation over surface barriers. Josephson vortices exhibit single vortex pinning below 300 Oe. Between 300 and 1500 Oe, the Josephson vortex penetration depth changes dramatically, becoming proportional to both H and to the zero field interplane penetration depth, lambda(perpendicular to)(T)- lambda(perpendicular to)(0). (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Univ Illinois, Sci & Technol Ctr Superconduct, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Giannetta, RW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RI Kini, Aravinda/F-4467-2012
NR 30
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-4534
J9 PHYSICA C
JI Physica C
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 321
IS 3-4
BP 207
EP 218
DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(99)00382-2
PG 12
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 243NP
UT WOS:000083004400009
ER
PT J
AU Turner, JA
AF Turner, JA
TI Biomass in the energy picture - Response
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Turner, JA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 285
IS 5431
BP 1209
EP 1210
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 228HC
UT WOS:000082130200015
ER
PT J
AU Vaidya, RU
Jin, Z
Cady, C
Gray, GT
Butt, DP
AF Vaidya, RU
Jin, Z
Cady, C
Gray, GT
Butt, DP
TI A comparative study of the strain rate and temperature dependent
compression behavior of Ti-46.5Al-3Nb-2Cr-0.2W and Ti-25Al-10Nb-3V-1Mo
intermetallic alloys
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE intermetallics; mechanical properties; strain rate
ID DEFORMATION
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Reynolds Met Co, Corp Tech Ctr, Chester, VA 23836 USA.
Ceramtec Inc, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
RP Vaidya, RU (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Butt, Darryl/B-7480-2008
OI Butt, Darryl/0000-0003-4501-8864
NR 15
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 41
IS 6
BP 569
EP 574
DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(99)00195-5
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 230TE
UT WOS:000082265800001
ER
PT J
AU Keblinski, P
Wolf, D
Phillpot, SR
Gleiter, H
AF Keblinski, P
Wolf, D
Phillpot, SR
Gleiter, H
TI Structure of grain boundaries in nanocrystalline palladium by molecular
dynamics simulation
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE computer simulation; grain boundaries; diffusion-interface; metals
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PD
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
RP Keblinski, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Phillpot, Simon/J-9117-2012;
OI Phillpot, Simon/0000-0002-7774-6535
NR 16
TC 84
Z9 88
U1 2
U2 30
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 41
IS 6
BP 631
EP 636
DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(99)00142-6
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 230TE
UT WOS:000082265800010
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, JG
Hoffer, S
Van Hove, MA
Somorjai, GA
AF Roberts, JG
Hoffer, S
Van Hove, MA
Somorjai, GA
TI Tensor low-energy electron diffraction analysis of the surface structure
of NaCl(100) thin films grown on Pd(100) and Pt(111)
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE alkali halides; electron-solid diffraction; evaporation and sublimation;
growth; insulating films; low energy electron diffraction (LEED); low
index single crystal surfaces; surface relaxation and reconstruction
ID LEED; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; MONOLAYER
AB Thin films of NaCl were molecularly deposited and subsequently ordered on Pd(100) and Pt(111), These films exhibited the same adsorbate-substrate interaction on Pd(100) and Pt(111) as evidenced by the lone multilayer desorption peak observed in the temperature programmed desorption spectra of NaCl on these two substrates. The ordered structures of the films were produced by exposing a heated substrate to a flux of NaCl emanating from a Knudsen cell and investigated through the use of low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). On Pd(100), the adsorbed multilayer yielded a (1 x 1) NaCl(100) LEED pattern. The (1 x 1) pattern was seen as the result of the film's thickness being greater than the sampling depth of the elastically scattered electrons used in the LEED experiment, thus removing the contribution of the substrate's lattice to the observed pattern. For the (1 x 1) pattern of NaCl(100) on Pd(100), it was found that the NaCl film grew along the [010]-type surface directions of Pd(100) to take advantage of a near 1:1 lattice match. On Pt(111), the ordered NaCl multilayer gave a (1 x 1) NaCl(100) LEED pattern also, but, unlike Pd(100), one of the overlayer's unit cell vectors lies parallel to that of the substrate's with the other rotated by 90 degrees from the previous one to preserve the geometry of the NaCl(100) lattice. Multiple intensity versus electron energy (IV) data sets were gathered for the NaCl(100) multilayer film on both Pd(100) and Pt(111), An analysis of the I-V curves of the multilayer NaCl(100) pattern on both substrates showed that the multilayer has the same structure on both substrates to a depth sampled by the electrons in the experimental energy range. Data from both systems were used in a fully dynamical LEED calculation. In the final structure, which refined down to a Pendry R-factor (R-P) of 0.16, the largest deviation from the ideally terminated NaCl(100) structure was the movement of the surface Na+ towards the bulk, thereby causing a 0.12+/-0.03 Angstrom corrugation of the surface layer. This shift of the surface cations was not followed by a corresponding displacement of the underlying anions, so the first interlayer spacing, d(Cl-2-Na-1), was reduced to 2.72+/-0.03 Angstrom from its bulk value of 2.82 Angstrom. Deviations from the bulk were smaller in subsequent layers, e.g, the second interlayer spacing, d(Na-3-Cl-2), was 2.77 +/- 0.03 Angstrom, and there was essentially no buckling of the second layer. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Van Hove, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008
OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921
NR 22
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 437
IS 1-2
BP 75
EP 85
DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00686-X
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 231UH
UT WOS:000082328800012
ER
PT J
AU Li, M
Hebenstreit, W
Gross, L
Diebold, U
Henderson, MA
Jennison, DR
Schultz, PA
Sears, MP
AF Li, M
Hebenstreit, W
Gross, L
Diebold, U
Henderson, MA
Jennison, DR
Schultz, PA
Sears, MP
TI Oxygen-induced restructuring of the TiO2(110) surface: a comprehensive
study
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE oxygen; restructuring; TiO2; scanning tunneling microscopy; low energy
ion scattering; oxidation; secondary ion mass spectroscopy; density
functional calculations
ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL RUTILE;
ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; THERMAL-STABILITY; INTRINSIC DEFECTS; ADSORPTION;
DIFFUSION; FILMS; OXIDE; WATER
AB We report a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of the effect of oxidizing a TiO2(110) surface at moderate temperatures. The surfaces are investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), low-energy He+ ion scattering (LEIS) and static secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SSIMS). Flat(1 x 1)-terminated TiO2(110) surfaces are obtained by sputtering and annealing in UHV at 880 K. These surfaces are exposed to oxygen gas at elevated temperatures in the range 470-830 K. Formation of irregular networks of pseudo-hexagonal rosettes (6.5 Angstrom x 6 Angstrom) and small (1 (1) over bar 0] oriented (1 x 1) islands along with {001}-oriented strands is induced at temperatures from 470 to 660 K. After annealing above 830 K, only regular (1 x 1) terraces and white strands are observed. The composition of these oxygen-induced phases is quantified using O-18(2) gas in combination with LEIS and SSIMS measurements. The dependence of the restructuring process on annealing time, annealing temperature, and sample history is systematically investigated. Exposure to (H2O)-O-18 and air in the same temperature regime fails to induce the restructuring. UHV annealing of restructured, oxygen-enriched TiO2(110) surface smooths the surfaces and converts the rosette networks into strands and finally into the regular (1 x 1) terraces. This is reported in an accompanying paper [M. Li, W. Hebenstreit, U. Diebold, Phys. Rev. B (1999), submitted]. The rosette model is supported by first-principles density functional calculations which show a stable structure results, accompanied by significant relaxations from bulk-truncated positions. A mechanism for the dynamic processes of the formation of rosettes and (1 x 1) islands is presented and the importance of these results for the surface chemistry of TiO2(110) surfaces is discussed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
EM diebold@mailhost.tcs.tulane.edu
RI Gross, Leo/E-1789-2011; Diebold, Ulrike/A-3681-2010
OI Gross, Leo/0000-0002-5337-4159; Diebold, Ulrike/0000-0003-0319-5256
NR 71
TC 154
Z9 154
U1 7
U2 60
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
EI 1879-2758
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 437
IS 1-2
BP 173
EP 190
DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00720-7
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 231UH
UT WOS:000082328800023
ER
PT J
AU Herman, GS
AF Herman, GS
TI Characterization of surface defects on epitaxial CeO2(001) films
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ceria; cerium oxide; mass spectroscopy of recoiled ions; surface defects
ID CERIA FILMS; OXYGEN; ADSORPTION; CATALYSTS; CEO2(111); HYDROGEN; OXIDE;
CO
AB The thermal generation of defects on epitaxial CeO2(001) films was studied with mass spectroscopy of recoiled ions (MSRI) and direct recoil spectroscopy (DRS). It was found that cerium and oxygen intensities changed significantly after annealing the surface to temperatures as low as 373 K. Subsequent dosing at 295 K with O-18(2), resulted in an increase in the oxygen MSRI signal, however, the total preanneal signal was not fully recovered. For anneal temperatures above 473 K, and with a subsequent 10 Langmuir (L) O-18(2), dose at 295 K, the O-18 isotopic ratio was found to be between 20 and 23%, These results suggest that a significant number of defect sites were created on the surface even at low temperatures. After annealing the sample to 775 K the concentration of defects at the surface was estimated to be similar to 11-12% by MSRI and DRS. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Herman, GS (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 22
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 4
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 437
IS 1-2
BP 207
EP 214
DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00723-2
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 231UH
UT WOS:000082328800026
ER
PT J
AU Bogicevic, A
Jennison, DR
AF Bogicevic, A
Jennison, DR
TI Role of surface vacancies and water products in metal nucleation:
Pt/MgO(100)
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
DE density-functional theory; first-principles; metal nucleation; oxides;
surface vacancies; water
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ATOMS; TRANSITION; ADSORPTION; EXCHANGE; AL(111);
DEFECTS; SOLIDS
AB Density-functional calculations reveal that isolated F-s and V-s surface vacancies on MgO(100) ionize single Pt atoms, roughly tripling their adsorption energy. This trapping inhibits Pt atoms from binding to other Pt atoms, resulting in a negative addimer binding energy. Hence, isolated surface vacancies demote nucleation, contrary to popular belief. A defect that does promote nucleation is the FsVs divacancy, which increases the addimer binding energy by 20%. Amongst water and its dissociation products, only adsorbed hydroxyls are found to have a similar (but stronger) effect. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM abogice@sandia.gov
NR 24
TC 86
Z9 86
U1 1
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
EI 1879-2758
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 437
IS 1-2
BP L741
EP L747
DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00746-3
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 231UH
UT WOS:000082328800001
ER
PT J
AU Muzzi, CM
Medforth, CJ
Voss, L
Cancilla, M
Lebrilla, C
Ma, JG
Shelnutt, JA
Smith, KM
AF Muzzi, CM
Medforth, CJ
Voss, L
Cancilla, M
Lebrilla, C
Ma, JG
Shelnutt, JA
Smith, KM
TI Novel dodecaarylporphyrins: synthesis and dynamic properties
SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS; SUBSTITUTED PORPHYRINS; NONPLANAR PORPHYRINS;
DEPENDENCE
AB An investigation of the synthesis of dodecaarylporphyrins using the Suzuki coupling reaction of arylboronic acids with octabromotetraarylporphyrins is reported. Variable temperature H-1 NMR studies of these new porphyrins reveal several dynamic processes including the first examples of beta-aryl rotation. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, New Mat Theory & Validat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Medforth, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RI Shelnutt, John/A-9987-2009; Medforth, Craig/D-8210-2013; REQUIMTE,
FMN/M-5611-2013; REQUIMTE, UCIBIO/N-9846-2013; Smith, Kevin/G-1453-2011
OI Shelnutt, John/0000-0001-7368-582X; Medforth, Craig/0000-0003-3046-4909;
Smith, Kevin/0000-0002-6736-4779
NR 16
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0040-4039
J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT
JI Tetrahedron Lett.
PD AUG 20
PY 1999
VL 40
IS 34
BP 6159
EP 6162
DI 10.1016/S0040-4039(99)01105-3
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 225AJ
UT WOS:000081932200007
ER
PT J
AU Ha, T
Laurence, TA
Chemla, DS
Weiss, S
AF Ha, T
Laurence, TA
Chemla, DS
Weiss, S
TI Polarization spectroscopy of single fluorescent molecules
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; INDIVIDUAL MOLECULES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE;
AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; DYNAMICS; DIFFUSION; LIGHT; FLUCTUATIONS; ORIENTATION;
EXCITATION
AB Polarization spectroscopy of single fluorescent molecules is used to probe their rotational dynamics. When a molecule is immobilized on a dry surface, its in-plane dipole orientation is precisely determined by utilizing its transition dipole moment. An angular offset between the absorption and the emission dipoles was detected from a single fluorophore revealing its binding geometry to the surface. In an aqueous environment, DNA-tethered fluorophores display dynamics that are well-described by a hindered rotational diffusion model. A detailed description of the model is given, including calculations to estimate depolarization effects resulting from the high numerical aperture objective used to collect fluorescence photons. Protein-conjugated fluorophores display very distinct dynamics with continuous evolution of the rotational profile, possibly reflecting fluctuations in the polypeptide chain, When protein-conjugated fluorophores are allowed to freely diffuse in solution, it is possible to determine the fluorescence polarization anisotropy of each molecule that traverses the laser beam. The anisotropy values could, in principle, be used to identify conformational states of single molecules without the potential artifacts associated with surface immobilization.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM tjha@stanford.edu; sweiss@lbl.gov
RI Ha, Taekjip/B-9506-2009; Laurence, Ted/E-4791-2011; weiss,
shimon/B-4164-2009
OI Ha, Taekjip/0000-0003-2195-6258; Laurence, Ted/0000-0003-1474-779X;
weiss, shimon/0000-0002-0720-5426
NR 50
TC 191
Z9 196
U1 2
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD AUG 19
PY 1999
VL 103
IS 33
BP 6839
EP 6850
DI 10.1021/jp990948j
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 231XA
UT WOS:000082335600002
ER
PT J
AU Kim, KK
Yokota, H
Kim, SH
AF Kim, KK
Yokota, H
Kim, SH
TI Four-helical-bundle structure of the cytoplasmic domain of a serine
chemotaxis receptor
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID DISULFIDE CROSS-LINKING; LIGAND-BINDING DOMAIN; ASPARTATE RECEPTOR;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BACTERIAL CHEMOTAXIS; ALPHA-HELIX; CHEMORECEPTOR;
MODEL; DIMER; MUTAGENESIS
AB The bacterial chemotaxis receptors are transmembrane receptors with a simple signalling pathway which has elements relevant to the general understanding of signal recognition and transduction across membranes, how signals are relayed between molecules in a pathway, and how adaptation to a persistent signal is achieved(1). In contrast to many mammalian receptors which signal by oligomerizing upon ligand binding(2), the chemotaxis receptors are dimeric even in the absence of their ligands, and their signalling does not depend on a monomer-dimer equilibrium(3). Bacterial chemotaxis receptors are composed of a ligand-binding domain, a transmembrane domain consisting of two helices TM1 and TM2, and a cytoplasmic domain. All known bacterial chemotaxis receptors have a highly conserved cytoplasmic domain, which unites signals from different ligand domains into a single signalling pathway to flagella motors. Here we report the crystal structure of the cytoplasmic domain of a serine chemotaxis receptor of Escherichia coli, which reveals a 200 Angstrom-long coiled-coil of two antiparallel helices connected by a 'U-turn'. Two of these domains form a long, supercoiled, four-helical bundle in the cytoplasmic portion of the receptor.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Melvin Calvin Lab 220, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Phys Biosci Div, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Melvin Calvin Lab 220, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 30
TC 336
Z9 339
U1 2
U2 5
PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD
PI LONDON
PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD AUG 19
PY 1999
VL 400
IS 6746
BP 787
EP 792
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 228HM
UT WOS:000082131100056
PM 10466731
ER
PT J
AU Bhattacharya, T
Chandrasekharan, S
Gupta, R
Lee, W
Sharpe, S
AF Bhattacharya, T
Chandrasekharan, S
Gupta, R
Lee, W
Sharpe, S
TI Non-perturbative renormalization constants using Ward identities
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
ID IMPROVED LATTICE QCD; NONPERTURBATIVE O(A) IMPROVEMENT; WILSON FERMIONS;
CONTINUUM-LIMIT; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; OPERATORS
AB We extend the application of axial Ward identities to calculate b(A), b(P) and b(T), coefficients that give the mass dependence of the renormalization constants of the corresponding bilinear operators in the quenched theory. The extension relies on using operators with non-degenerate quark masses, It allows a complete determination of the O(a) improvement coefficients for bilinears in the quenched approximation using Ward Identities alone. Only the scale dependent normalization constants Z(P)(0) (or Z(S)(0)) and Z(T) are undetermined. We present results of a pilot numerical study using hadronic correlators. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27705 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577, Japan.
RP Bhattacharya, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS B-285, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/J-8956-2013;
OI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/0000-0002-1060-652X; Lee,
Weonjong/0000-0002-9040-4134
NR 18
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD AUG 19
PY 1999
VL 461
IS 1-2
BP 79
EP 88
DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00796-0
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 233CL
UT WOS:000082407900012
ER
PT J
AU Dobrescu, BA
AF Dobrescu, BA
TI Electroweak symmetry breaking as a consequence of compact dimensions
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
ID EXTRA DIMENSIONS; STANDARD MODEL; TOP-QUARK; TEV; SUPERSTRINGS;
CONDENSATION; MILLIMETER
AB It has been shown recently that the Higgs doublet may be composite, with the left-handed top-bottom doublet and a new right-handed anti-quark as constituents bound by some four-quark operators with non-perturbative coefficients. I show that these operators are naturally induced if there are extra spatial dimensions with a compactification scale in the multi-TeV range. The Higgs compositeness is due mainly to the Kaluza-Klein modes of the gluons, while flavor symmetry breaking may be provided by various fields propagating in the compact dimensions. I comment briefly on the embedding of this scenario in string theory. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Dobrescu, BA (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 29
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD AUG 19
PY 1999
VL 461
IS 1-2
BP 99
EP 104
DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00839-4
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 233CL
UT WOS:000082407900015
ER
PT J
AU Brodsky, SJ
Rathsman, J
Merino, C
AF Brodsky, SJ
Rathsman, J
Merino, C
TI Odderon-Pomeron interference
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; LARGE RAPIDITY GAP; ELASTIC-SCATTERING;
DIFFRACTIVE PHOTOPRODUCTION; PERTURBATIVE QCD; MESON PRODUCTION; HERA;
SINGULARITY; INTERCEPT; EVENTS
AB We show that the asymmetry in the fractional energy of charm versus anticharm jets produced in high energy diffractive photoproduction is sensitive to the interference of the Odderon (C= -) and Pomeron (C= +) exchange amplitudes in QCD. We predict the dynamical shape of the asymmetry in a simple model and estimate its magnitude to be of the order 15% using an Odderon coupling to the proton which saturates constraints from proton-proton vs, proton-antiproton elastic scattering. Measurements of this asymmetry at HERA could provide firm experimental evidence for the presence of Odderon exchange in the high energy limit of strong interactions. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Fis Particulas, Santiago De Compostela 15706, Spain.
RP Brodsky, SJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
NR 50
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD AUG 19
PY 1999
VL 461
IS 1-2
BP 114
EP 122
DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00807-2
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 233CL
UT WOS:000082407900018
ER
PT J
AU Zhan, CG
de Souza, ON
Rittenhouse, R
Ornstein, RL
AF Zhan, CG
de Souza, ON
Rittenhouse, R
Ornstein, RL
TI Determination of two structural forms of catalytic bridging ligand in
zinc-phosphotriesterase by molecular dynamics simulation and quantum
chemical calculation
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID REACTION FIELD-THEORY; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; BACTERIAL PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE;
PSEUDOMONAS-DIMINUTA; POLARIZATION; PROTEINS; SYSTEM
AB Although a three-dimensional X-ray crystal structure of zinc-substituted phosphotriesterase was recently reported, it is uncertain whether a critical bridging ligand in the active site is a water molecule or a hydroxide ion. The identity of this bridging ligand is theoretically determined by performing both molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanical calculations. All of the results obtained indicate that this critical ligand in the active site of the reported X-ray crystal structure is a hydroxide anion rather than a water molecule and allow us to propose a dynamic "ping-pong" model in which both kinds of structures might exist.
C1 Battelle NW, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Technol Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Ornstein, RL (reprint author), Battelle NW, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Technol Div, Mailstop K2-21, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Norberto de Souza, Osmar/B-7328-2013
OI Norberto de Souza, Osmar/0000-0002-4602-1208
NR 23
TC 80
Z9 82
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 18
PY 1999
VL 121
IS 32
BP 7279
EP 7282
DI 10.1021/ja9906397
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 230KH
UT WOS:000082250000001
ER
PT J
AU Burkoth, TS
Benzinger, TLS
Urban, V
Lynn, DG
Meredith, SC
Thiyagarajan, P
AF Burkoth, TS
Benzinger, TLS
Urban, V
Lynn, DG
Meredith, SC
Thiyagarajan, P
TI Self-assembly of A beta((10-35))-PEG block copolymer fibrils
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID AMYLOID FIBRIL; BETA-SHEET; FIBRILLOGENESIS; PEPTIDE
C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Univ Chicago, Dept Pathol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulse Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Lynn, DG (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, 5735 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RI Urban, Volker/N-5361-2015
OI Urban, Volker/0000-0002-7962-3408
NR 21
TC 101
Z9 101
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 18
PY 1999
VL 121
IS 32
BP 7429
EP 7430
DI 10.1021/ja991233x
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 230KH
UT WOS:000082250000031
ER
PT J
AU Mao, B
Gu, ZT
Gorin, A
Chen, JX
Hingerty, BE
Amin, S
Broyde, S
Geacintov, NE
Patel, DJ
AF Mao, B
Gu, ZT
Gorin, A
Chen, JX
Hingerty, BE
Amin, S
Broyde, S
Geacintov, NE
Patel, DJ
TI Solution structure of the (+)-cis-anti-benzo[a]pyrene-dA ([BP]dA) adduct
opposite dT in a DNA duplex
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID DEOXYADENOSINE N-6-AMINO GROUP; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; DG MISMATCH
OPPOSITE; DIASTEREOMERIC BENZOPYRENE 7,8-DIOL-9,10-EPOXIDES;
DOSE-DEPENDENT DIFFERENCES; NMR SOLUTION STRUCTURE; IN-VITRO
REPLICATION; HAMSTER V-79 CELLS; N-RAS CODON-61; SOLUTION CONFORMATION
AB Minor adducts, derived from the covalent binding of anti-benzo [a]pyrene-7,8 -dihydroxy-9,-10-epoxide to cellular DNA, may play an important role in generating mutations and initiating cancer. We have applied a combined NMR-computational approach including intensity based refinement to determine the solution structure of the minor (+)-cis-anti-[BP]dA adduct positioned opposite dT in the d(C1-T2-C3-T4-C5-[BP]A6-C7-T8-T9-C10-C11).(d(G12-G13-A14-A15-G16-T17-G18A19-G20-A21-G22) 11-mer duplex. The BP ring system is intercalated toward the 5'-side of the [BP]dA6 lesion site without disrupting the flanking Watson-Crick dC5.dG18 and [BP]dA6.dT17 base pairs. This structure of the (+)-cis-anti-[BP]dA.dT 11-mer duplex, containing a bay region benzo[a]pyrenyl [BP]dA adduct, is compared with the corresponding structure of the (+)-trans-anti-[BPh]dA.dT 11-mer duplex (Cosman et al., Biochemistry 32, 12488-12497, 1993), which contains a fjord region benzo[c]phenanthrenyl [BPh]dA adduct with the same R stereochemistry at the linkage site. The carcinogen intercalates toward the 5'-direction of the modified strand in both duplexes (the adduct is embedded within the same sequence context) with the buckling of the Watson-Crick [BP]dA6.dT17 base pair more pronounced in the (+)-cis-anti-[BP]dA.dT 11-mer duplex compared to its Watson-Crick [BPh]dA.dT17 base pair in the (+)-trans-anti- [BPh]dA.dT 11-mer duplex. The available structural studies of covalent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) carcinogen-DNA adducts point toward the emergence of a general theme where distinct alignments are adopted by PAH adducts covalently linked to the N-6 Of adenine when compared to the N-2 of guanine in DNA duplexes. The [BPh]dA and [BP]dA N-6-adenine adducts intercalate their polycyclic aromatic rings into the helix without disruption of their modified base pairs. This may reflect the potential flexibility associated with the positioning of the covalent tether and the benzylic ring of the carcinogen in the sterically spacious major groove. By contrast, such an intercalation without modified base pair disruption option appears not to be available to [BP]dG N-2-guanine adducts where the covalent tether and the benzylic ring are positioned in the more sterically crowded minor groove. In the case of [BP]dG adducts, the benzopyrenyl ring is either positioned in the minor groove without base pair disruption, or if intercalated into the helix, requires disruption of the modified base pair and displacement of the bases out of the helix.
C1 Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Cellular Biochem & Biophys Program, New York, NY 10021 USA.
NYU, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10003 USA.
NYU, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Life Sci Res Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Amer Hlth Fdn, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA.
RP Patel, DJ (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Cellular Biochem & Biophys Program, New York, NY 10021 USA.
RI Gorin, Andrey/B-1545-2014
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-20851, CA-28038, CA-49982]
NR 49
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD AUG 17
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 33
BP 10831
EP 10842
DI 10.1021/bi991212f
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 231WQ
UT WOS:000082334700025
PM 10451380
ER
PT J
AU Gu, ZT
Gorin, A
Krishnasamy, R
Hingerty, BE
Basu, AK
Broyde, S
Patel, DJ
AF Gu, ZT
Gorin, A
Krishnasamy, R
Hingerty, BE
Basu, AK
Broyde, S
Patel, DJ
TI Solution structure of the N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-1-aminopyrene ([AP]dG)
adduct opposite dA in a DNA duplex
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCED FRAMESHIFT MUTAGENESIS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; ENVIRONMENTAL
MUTAGEN; REPETITIVE SEQUENCES; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
1-NITROPYRENE; CARCINOGEN; MUTATIONS; 1-NITROSOPYRENE
AB Solution structural studies have been undertaken on the aminopyrene-C-8-dG ([AP]dG) adduct in the d(CS-[AP]GG-C7).d(G16-A17-G18) sequence context in an 11-mer duplex with dA opposite [AP]dG, using proton-proton distance and intensity restraints derived from NMR data in combination with distance-restrained molecular mechanics and intensity-restrained relaxation matrix refinement calculations. The exchangeable and nonexchangeable protons of the aminopyrene and the nucleic acid were assigned following analysis of two-dimensional NMR data sets on the [AP]dG.dA 11-mer duplex in H2O and D2O solution. The broadening of several resonances within the d(G16-A17-G18) segment positioned opposite the [AP]dG6 lesion site resulted in weaker NOEs, involving these protons in the adduct duplex. Both proton and carbon NMR data are consistent with a syn glycosidic torsion angle for the [AP]dG6 residue in the adduct duplex. The aminopyrene ring of [AP]dG6 is intercalated into the DNA helix between intact Watson-Crick dC5.dG18 and dC7.dG16 base pairs and is in contact with dC5, dC7, dG16, dA17, and dG18 residues that form a hydrophobic pocket around it. The intercalated AP ring of [AP]dG6 stacks over the purine ring of dG16 and, to a lesser extent dG18, while the looped out deoxyguanosine ring of [AP]dG6 stacks over dC5 in the solution structure of the adduct duplex. The dA17 base opposite the adduct site is not looped out of the helix but rather participates in an in-plane platform with adjacent dG18 in some of the refined structures of the adduct duplex. The solution structures are quite different for the [AP]dG.dA 11-mer duplex containing the larger aminopyrene ring (reported in this study) relative to the previously published [AF]dG.dA 11-mer duplex containing the smaller aminofluorene ring (Norman et al., Biochemistry 28, 7462-7476, 1989) in the same sequence context. Both the modified syn guanine and the dA positioned opposite it are stacked into the helix with the aminofluorene chromophore displaced into the minor groove in the latter adduct duplex. By contrast, the aminopyrenyl ring participates in an intercalated base-displaced structure in the present study of the [AP]dG.dA 11-mer duplex and in a previously published study of the [AP]dG.dC 11-mer duplex (Mao et al.., Biochemistry 35, 12659-12670, 1996). Such intercalated base-displaced structures without hydrogen bonding between the [AP]dG adduct and dC or mismatched dA residues positioned opposite it, if present at a replication fork, may cause polymerase stalling and formation of a slipped intermediate that could produce frameshift mutations, the most dominant mutagenic consequence of the [AP]dG lesion.
C1 Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Cellular Biochem & Biophys Program, New York, NY 10021 USA.
Univ Connecticut, Dept Chem, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NYU, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA.
RP Patel, DJ (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Cellular Biochem & Biophys Program, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA.
RI Gorin, Andrey/B-1545-2014
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-28038, CA-75449, CA-49982]; NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES009127]
NR 52
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD AUG 17
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 33
BP 10843
EP 10854
DI 10.1021/bi9912138
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 231WQ
UT WOS:000082334700026
PM 10451381
ER
PT J
AU Gu, ZT
Gorin, A
Hingerty, BE
Broyde, S
Patel, DJ
AF Gu, ZT
Gorin, A
Hingerty, BE
Broyde, S
Patel, DJ
TI Solution structures of aminofluorene [AF]-stacked conformers of the syn
[AF]-C-8-dG adduct positioned opposite dC or dA at a template-primer
junction
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; DNA DUPLEX; SOLUTION CONFORMATION;
COMPUTATIONAL CHARACTERIZATION; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE; BASE DISPLACEMENT;
NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DG OPPOSITE; MAJOR GROOVE
AB A solution structural study has been undertaken on the aminofluorene-C-8-dG ([AF]dG) adduct located at a single-strand-double-strand d(A1-A2-C3-[AF] G4-C5-T6-A7-C8-C9-A10-T11-C12-C13) d(G14-G15-A16-T17-G18-G19-T20-A21-G22-N23) 13/10-mer junction (N = C or A) using proton-proton distance restraints derived from NMR data in combination with intensity-based relaxation matrix refinement computations. This single-strand-double-strand junction models one arm of a replication fork composed of a 13-mer template strand which contains the [AF]dG modification site and a 10-mer primer strand which has been elongated up to the modified guanine with either its complementary dC partner or a dA mismatch. The solution structures establish that the duplex segment retains a minimally perturbed B-DNA conformation with Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding retained up to the dC5.dG22 base pair. The guanine ring of the [AF]dG4 adduct adopts a syn glycosidic torsion angle and is displaced into the major groove when positioned opposite dC or dA residues. This base displacement of the modified guanine is accompanied by stacking of one face of the aminofluorene ring of [AF]dG4 with the dC5.dG22 base pair, while the other face of the aminofluorene ring is stacked with the purine ring of the nonadjacent dA2 residue. By contrast, the dC and dA residues opposite the junctional [AF]dG4 adduct site adopt distinctly different alignments. The dC23 residue positioned opposite the adduct site is looped out into the minor groove by the aminofluorene ring. The syn displaced orientation of the modified dG with stacking of the aminofluorene and the looped out position of the partner dC could be envisioned to cause polymerase stalling associated with subsequent misalignment leading to frameshift mutations in appropriate sequences. The dA23 residue positioned opposite the adduct site is positioned in the major groove with its purine ring aligned face down over the van der Waals surface of the major groove and its amino group directed toward the T6.A21 base pair. The Hoogsteen edge of the modified guanine of [AF]dG4 and the Watson-Crick edge of dA23 positioned opposite it are approximately coplanar and directed toward each other but are separated by twice the hydrogen-bonding distance required for pairing. This structure of [AF]dG opposite dA at a model template-primer junctional site can be compared with a previous structure of [AF]dG opposite dA within a fully paired duplex [Norman, D., Abuaf, P., Hingerty, B. E., Live, D., Grunberger, D., Broyde, S., and Patel, D. J. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 7462-7476]. The alignment of the Hoogsteen edge of [AF]dG (syn) positioned opposite the Watson-Crick edge of dA (anti) has been observed for both systems with the separation greater in the case of the junctional alignment in the model template-primer system. However, the aminofluorene ring is positioned in the minor groove in the fully paired duplex while it stacks over the junctional base pair in the template-primer system. This suggests that the syn [AF]dG opposite dA junctional alignment can be readily incorporated within a duplex by a translation of this entity toward the minor groove.
C1 Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Cellular Biochem & Biophys Program, New York, NY 10021 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NYU, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA.
RP Patel, DJ (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Cellular Biochem & Biophys Program, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA.
RI Gorin, Andrey/B-1545-2014
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-28038, CA-49982, CA-75449]
NR 52
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD AUG 17
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 33
BP 10855
EP 10870
DI 10.1021/bi991266p
PG 16
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 231WQ
UT WOS:000082334700027
PM 10451382
ER
PT J
AU Geiger, HC
Perlstein, J
Lachicotte, RJ
Wyrozebski, K
Whitten, DG
AF Geiger, HC
Perlstein, J
Lachicotte, RJ
Wyrozebski, K
Whitten, DG
TI Self-assembly of aromatic-derivatized amphiphiles: Phenyl, biphenyl, and
terphenyl fatty acids and phospholipids
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID LANGMUIR-BLODGETT MULTILAYERS; MICROHETEROGENEOUS MEDIA; TRANS-STILBENE;
AZOBENZENE PHOSPHOLIPIDS; BENZENE DIMER; AGGREGATE; VESICLES;
PHOTOREACTIVITY; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; PHOTOPHYSICS
AB This paper reports the synthesis of a series of amphiphiles (fatty acids and phosphatidylcholine derivatives) containing phenyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl chromophores inserted in the hydrocarbon chain and a study of their self-assembly in Langmuir-Blodgett films and aqueous dispersions. As observed and reported earlier for amphiphiles containing trans-stilbene, styrylthiophene, or azobenzene chromophores, several of the biphenyl and terphenyl derivatives show strong evidence of ground state association to form "H" aggregates characterized by a blue shift in absorption and a structured red-shifted fluorescence. The phenyl amphiphiles show different behavior, suggesting that, even for pure films or bilayers, there is very little or no ground state association. For the biphenyl and terphenyl phospholipids, aqueous suspensions obtained by sonication are closed bilayer vesicles similar in size to those formed from the corresponding saturated phospholipids. The overall results of the present study indicate that biphenyl and terphenyl amphiphiles undergo aggregation processes to form compact arrays formally similar to those observed with stilbene, tolan, azobenzene, and squaraine derivatives but that the aromatic-aromatic interactions are considerably weaker than those for the more extended aromatics and lead to less distortion of the assembly structure.
C1 Univ Rochester, Dept Chem, Ctr Photoinduced Charge Transfer, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Whitten, DG (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Chem, Ctr Photoinduced Charge Transfer, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
NR 38
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD AUG 17
PY 1999
VL 15
IS 17
BP 5606
EP 5616
DI 10.1021/la990124t
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 228EV
UT WOS:000082124900029
ER
PT J
AU Goncharov, AA
Protsenko, IM
Yushkov, GY
Brown, IG
AF Goncharov, AA
Protsenko, IM
Yushkov, GY
Brown, IG
TI Focusing of high-current, large-area, heavy-ion beams with an
electrostatic plasma lens
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB We report on measurements of the focusing of high-current, large-area beams of heavy metal ions using an electrostatic plasma lens. Tantalum ion beams were formed by a repetitively pulsed vacuum arc ion source, with energy in the 100 keV range, current up to 0.5 A, initial beam diameter 10 cm, and pulse length 250 mu s. The plasma lens was of internal diameter 10 cm and length 20 cm, and had nine electrostatic ring electrodes with potential applied to the central electrode of up to 7 kV, in the presence of a pulsed magnetic field of up to 800 G. The current-density profile of the downstream, focused, ion beam was measured with a radially moveable, magnetically suppressed, Faraday cup. The tantalum ion-beam current density at the focus was compressed by a factor of up to 30. The results are important in that they provide a demonstration of a means of manipulating high-current ion beams without associated space-charge blowup. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)01333-9].
C1 NASU, Inst Phys, UA-252650 Kiev 39, Ukraine.
Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Current Elect, Tomsk 634055, Russia.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Goncharov, AA (reprint author), NASU, Inst Phys, 46 Prospect Nauki, UA-252650 Kiev 39, Ukraine.
RI Yushkov, Georgy/O-8024-2015
OI Yushkov, Georgy/0000-0002-7615-6058
NR 9
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 75
IS 7
BP 911
EP 913
DI 10.1063/1.124551
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 224YZ
UT WOS:000081928700010
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, YC
Aziz, MJ
Gossmann, HJ
Mitha, S
Schiferl, D
AF Zhao, YC
Aziz, MJ
Gossmann, HJ
Mitha, S
Schiferl, D
TI Activation volume for antimony diffusion in silicon and implications for
strained films
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB The diffusivity of Sb in Si is retarded by pressure, characterized at 860 degrees C by an activation volume of V*=+0.07 +/- 0.02 times the Si atomic volume. V* is close to values inferred from atomistic calculations for a vacancy mechanism. Our results for hydrostatic pressure are used to predict the effect of biaxial strain on Sb diffusion. The prediction matches measured behavior for Sb diffusion in biaxially strained Si and Si-Ge films. This work lends additional support to the predominance of the vacancy mechanism for Sb diffusion and demonstrates the first steps in the development of a capability for predicting the effect of nonhydrostatic stress on diffusion. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)03233-7].
C1 Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
AT&T Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA.
Charles Evans & Associates, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Zhao, YC (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012
NR 22
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 75
IS 7
BP 941
EP 943
DI 10.1063/1.124561
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 224YZ
UT WOS:000081928700020
ER
PT J
AU Poles, E
Selmarten, DC
Micic, OI
Nozik, AJ
AF Poles, E
Selmarten, DC
Micic, OI
Nozik, AJ
TI Anti-Stokes photoluminescence in colloidal semiconductor quantum dots
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB We report anti-Stokes photoluminescence (photon energy up-conversion) from size-quantized CdSe and InP nanocrystalline colloids. The observed up-conversion is highly efficient and occurs at very low excitation intensities. With low temperatures the intensity of the up-converted photoluminescence decreases while that of the usual Stokes photoluminescence increases; the up-converted photoluminescence is also restricted to energies corresponding to the band gaps of the quantum dots that are present in the colloid ensemble. The anti-Stokes photoluminescence is explained by a model that involves surface states. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)03033-8].
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Poles, E (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Nozik, Arthur/A-1481-2012; Nozik, Arthur/P-2641-2016
NR 19
TC 81
Z9 81
U1 2
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 75
IS 7
BP 971
EP 973
DI 10.1063/1.124570
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 224YZ
UT WOS:000081928700030
ER
PT J
AU Thiesen, J
Iwaniczko, E
Jones, KM
Mahan, A
Crandall, R
AF Thiesen, J
Iwaniczko, E
Jones, KM
Mahan, A
Crandall, R
TI Growth of epitaxial silicon at low temperatures using hot-wire chemical
vapor deposition
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB We demonstrate epitaxial silicon growth of 8 A/s at temperatures as low as 195 degrees C, using hot-wire chemical vapor deposition. Characterization by transmission electron microscopy shows epitaxial layers of Si. We briefly discuss various aspects of the process parameter space. Finally, we consider differences in the chemical kinetics of this process when compared to other epitaxial deposition techniques. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)04233-3].
C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Natl Renewable Energy Lab, NREL, Golden, CO USA.
RP Thiesen, J (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NR 20
TC 49
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 75
IS 7
BP 992
EP 994
DI 10.1063/1.124576
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 224YZ
UT WOS:000081928700037
ER
PT J
AU Lippert, T
Gerber, T
Wokaun, A
Funk, DJ
Fukumura, H
Goto, M
AF Lippert, T
Gerber, T
Wokaun, A
Funk, DJ
Fukumura, H
Goto, M
TI Single pulse nm-size grating formation in polymers using laser ablation
with an irradiation wavelength of 355 nm
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB Laser ablation at 355 nm of a specially designed polymer was used as a true single step dry-etching process to create a two-beam interference grating. Gratings with groove spacings of 180 and 1090 nm were created with single laser pulses. Moreover, by varying the laser fluence and/or the angle between the two beams, variable modulation frequencies (depth/spacing) could be obtained. Additional pulses deteriorated the grating quality, demonstrating the importance of the single pulse approach. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)00333-2].
C1 Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Neyagawa, Osaka 572, Japan.
Tohoku Univ, Dept Chem, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
RP Lippert, T (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
EM lippert@psi.ch
RI Fukumura, Hiroshi/G-4535-2011; Lippert, Thomas/N-2423-2016;
OI Gerber, Thomas/0000-0001-7027-0477
NR 23
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 75
IS 7
BP 1018
EP 1020
DI 10.1063/1.124584
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 224YZ
UT WOS:000081928700046
ER
PT J
AU Artunc, N
Elgun, N
Vizir, A
Brown, I
Bo, S
Tarhan, E
AF Artunc, N
Elgun, N
Vizir, A
Brown, I
Bo, S
Tarhan, E
TI Electrical and structural properties of Cr ion-implanted thin Au films
SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetron sputtering; ion implantation; transmission electron
microscopy; Cr ion-implanted Au films; structural and electrical
properties
ID RESISTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; CHROMIUM; STRAIN
AB Cr metal ions with doses of 1 x 10(14)-1 x 10(15) ions/cm(2) have been implanted at 125 keV into thin Au films prepared by DC magnetron sputtering. Electron diffraction patterns have revealed that ail the films remain in the f.c.c. structure, indicating the formation of Au-Cr solid solution. The resistivity of the films were studied in the temperature range 100-330 K. The results show increase in the resistivity with respect to the unimplanted him as a result of the implantation. Some samples show two different types of resistivity anomalies, which are attributed to the occurrence of the antiferromagnetically incommensurate spin density wave and commensurate spin density wave structures, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Ege Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey.
RP Artunc, N (reprint author), Ege Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey.
RI Vizir, Alexey/R-2139-2016
OI Vizir, Alexey/0000-0002-9563-8650
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0254-0584
J9 MATER CHEM PHYS
JI Mater. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 2
BP 182
EP 187
DI 10.1016/S0254-0584(99)00087-5
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 219AU
UT WOS:000081585900010
ER
PT J
AU Ronning, F
Kim, C
Shen, ZX
AF Ronning, F
Kim, C
Shen, ZX
TI Angle-resolved photoemission electron spectroscopy reveals a Fermi
surface remnant with a d-wave like dispersion in the Mott insulator,
Ca2CuO2Cl2
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th NEC Symposium on Fundamental Approaches to New Material Phases -
Phase Control in Spin-Charge-Orbital Complex Systems
CY OCT 11-15, 1998
CL NASU, JAPAN
SP NEC Corp
DE Fermi surface; Mott insulator; angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
ID NORMAL-STATE; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; MODEL; SUPERCONDUCTORS; MOMENTUM; GAP
AB We report angle-resolved photoemission measurements on a Mott insulating CuO2, plane compound Ca2CuO2,Cl-2,. This material is a parent compound to the high-T-c, superconductors. We observe a loss in spectral weight of the lowest energy feature as it crosses the approximate position where band theory predicts the existence of the Fermi surface. Complimented with an analysis from metallic Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8, this suggests that the loss of spectral weight is due to the remnants of the non-interacting Fermi surface that is destroyed in the insulator. Further analysis shows a d-wave like dispersion along this 'Fermi surface' contour. This suggests that the d-wave like dispersion seen in the high-energy pseudogap is a remnant property of the insulator. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Shen, ZX (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5107
J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 63
IS 1-2
BP 17
EP 21
DI 10.1016/S0921-5107(99)00046-X
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 224FX
UT WOS:000081887800005
ER
PT J
AU Keimer, B
Casa, D
Kiryukhin, V
Saleh, OA
Hill, JP
Tomioka, Y
Tokura, Y
AF Keimer, B
Casa, D
Kiryukhin, V
Saleh, OA
Hill, JP
Tomioka, Y
Tokura, Y
TI X-Ray effects in charge-ordered manganites: a magnetic mechanism of
persistent photoconductivity
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th NEC Symposium on Fundamental Approaches to New Material Phases -
Phase Control in Spin-Charge-Orbital Complex Systems
CY OCT 11-15, 1998
CL NASU, JAPAN
SP NEC Corp
DE colossal magnetoresistance; persistent photoconductivity; hot electrons;
X-ray diffraction
ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; METAL TRANSITION; INSULATOR; PR0.7CA0.3MNO3;
PR1-XCAXMNO3; JUNCTIONS; STATES
AB Charge-ordered manganites of composition Pr1-x(Ca1-ySry),MnO3 exhibit persistent photo-conductivity when illuminated by X-rays. We review transport and X-ray diffraction data as functions of X-ray exposure, magnetic field, and temperature which shed light on the origin of this unusual behavior. The experimental evidence suggests that the mechanism primarily involves a ferromagnetic polarization of local spins by hot electrons generated by the X-rays. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
JRCAT, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan.
RP Keimer, B (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RI Saleh, Omar/B-5014-2008; Tokura, Yoshinori/C-7352-2009; Casa,
Diego/F-9060-2016
OI Saleh, Omar/0000-0002-9197-4024;
NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5107
J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 63
IS 1-2
BP 30
EP 35
DI 10.1016/S0921-5107(99)00048-3
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 224FX
UT WOS:000081887800007
ER
PT J
AU Yoshizawa, H
Kajimoto, R
Kawano, H
Fernandez-Baca, JA
Tomioka, Y
Kuwahara, H
Tokura, Y
AF Yoshizawa, H
Kajimoto, R
Kawano, H
Fernandez-Baca, JA
Tomioka, Y
Kuwahara, H
Tokura, Y
TI Magnetic ordering and spin fluctuations in nearly half-doped manganites
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th NEC Symposium on Fundamental Approaches to New Material Phases -
Phase Control in Spin-Charge-Orbital Complex Systems
CY OCT 11-15, 1998
CL NASU, JAPAN
SP NEC Corp
DE half-doped manganite; orbital ordering
ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MANGANESE OXIDES;
PR0.7CA0.3MNO3; FIELD; PR1-XCAXMNO3; TEMPERATURE; THERMOPOWER;
FERROMAGNET; TRANSPORT
AB We discuss unusual behavior discovered in spin dynamics in the nearly half-doped manganite systems. Nd0.45Sr0.55MnO3 is a metallic antiferromagnet, and exhibits very anisotropic spin wave dispersion relations. The ferromagnetic (FM) state of Pr1/2Sr1/2MnO3 and Nd1/2Sr1/2MnO3 also exhibit dear anisotropic dispersion relations. Such anisotropy reflects the underlying d(x(2) - y(2))-type Orbital ordering. We also demonstrate that the high temperature paramagnetic state without charge ordering in doped manganites is characterized by the FM spin fluctuations with an anomalously small energy scale for a wide range of doping concentrations. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Tokyo, ISSP, Neutron Scattering Lab, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510918, Japan.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Joint Res Ctr Atom Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058562, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.
RP Univ Tokyo, ISSP, Neutron Scattering Lab, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
RI Tokura, Yoshinori/C-7352-2009; Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/C-3984-2014;
Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/M-7695-2016; Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/M-7646-2016
OI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/0000-0001-9080-5096; Kawano-Furukawa,
Hazuki/0000-0003-4713-3727; Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/0000-0003-4713-3727
NR 35
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5107
J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 63
IS 1-2
BP 125
EP 132
DI 10.1016/S0921-5107(99)00062-8
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 224FX
UT WOS:000081887800021
ER
PT J
AU Berger, A
Osgood, RM
Jiang, JS
Miller, DJ
Mitchell, JF
Bader, SD
AF Berger, A
Osgood, RM
Jiang, JS
Miller, DJ
Mitchell, JF
Bader, SD
TI Role of intergrowths in the properties of the naturally layered
manganites
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th NEC Symposium on Fundamental Approaches to New Material Phases -
Phase Control in Spin-Charge-Orbital Complex Systems
CY OCT 11-15, 1998
CL NASU, JAPAN
SP NEC Corp
DE intergrowth; colossal magnetoresistance; layered materials; manganites;
magnetic measurements
ID T-C; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; LA1.2SR1.8MN2O7; CRYSTAL; OXIDES; STATE
AB The structural and magnetic properties of the two-layered Ruddlesden-Popper phase SrO(La1-xSrxMnO3)(2) with x = 0.3 and x = 0.4 are investigated. These naturally layered manganites exhibit a colossal magnetoresistance, a magnetic anisotropy which is strongly composition-dependent, almost no remanence, and a non-vanishing magnetization in a extended temperature range above the Curie temperature (T-C) The magnetization in this temperature range is not intrinsic to the crystal, but is attributed to intergrowths. These two-dimensional (2D) lattice imperfections consist of additional or missing SrO layers and have been observed in transmission electron micrographs. The magnetic properties of the intergrowths differ from the bulk crystal which results in unusual magnetic behavior. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Bader, SD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Berger, Andreas/D-3706-2015
OI Berger, Andreas/0000-0001-5865-6609
NR 15
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5107
J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 63
IS 1-2
BP 133
EP 139
DI 10.1016/S0921-5107(99)00063-X
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 224FX
UT WOS:000081887800022
ER
PT J
AU Pinkenburg, C
Ajitanand, NN
Alexander, JM
Anderson, M
Best, D
Brady, FP
Case, T
Caskey, W
Cebra, D
Chance, JL
Chung, P
Cole, B
Crowe, K
Das, AC
Draper, JE
Elmaani, A
Gilkes, ML
Gushue, S
Heffner, M
Hirsch, AS
Hjort, EL
Huo, L
Justice, M
Kaplan, M
Keane, D
Kintner, JC
Klay, J
Krofcheck, D
Lacey, RA
Lauret, J
Law, C
Lisa, MA
Liu, H
Liu, YM
McGrath, R
Milosevich, Z
Odyniec, G
Olson, DL
Panitkin, SY
Porile, NT
Rai, G
Ritter, HG
Romero, JL
Scharenberg, R
Schroeder, L
Srivastava, B
Stone, NTB
Symons, TJM
Whitfield, J
Wienold, T
Witt, R
Wood, L
Zhang, WN
AF Pinkenburg, C
Ajitanand, NN
Alexander, JM
Anderson, M
Best, D
Brady, FP
Case, T
Caskey, W
Cebra, D
Chance, JL
Chung, P
Cole, B
Crowe, K
Das, AC
Draper, JE
Elmaani, A
Gilkes, ML
Gushue, S
Heffner, M
Hirsch, AS
Hjort, EL
Huo, L
Justice, M
Kaplan, M
Keane, D
Kintner, JC
Klay, J
Krofcheck, D
Lacey, RA
Lauret, J
Law, C
Lisa, MA
Liu, H
Liu, YM
McGrath, R
Milosevich, Z
Odyniec, G
Olson, DL
Panitkin, SY
Porile, NT
Rai, G
Ritter, HG
Romero, JL
Scharenberg, R
Schroeder, L
Srivastava, B
Stone, NTB
Symons, TJM
Whitfield, J
Wienold, T
Witt, R
Wood, L
Zhang, WN
TI Elliptic flow: Transition from out-of-plane to in-plane emission in Au
plus Au collisions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; COLLECTIVE
EXPANSION; AU+AU COLLISIONS; SIGNATURE; EQUATION; MOTION; STATE
AB We have measured the proton elliptic flow excitation function for the Au + Au system spanning the beam energy range (2-8)A GeV. The excitation function shows a transition from negative to positive elliptic flow at a beam energy, E-tr similar to 4A GeV. Detailed comparisons with calculations from a relativistic Boltzmann equation are presented. The comparisons suggest a softening of the nuclear equation of state from a stiff form (K similar to 380 MeV) at low beam energies (E-beam less than or equal to 2A GeV) to a softer form (K similar to 210 MeV) at higher energies (E-beam 4A GeV) where the calculated baryon density rho similar to 4 rho(0).
C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Ecole Mines, SUBATECH, F-44070 Nantes, France.
Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
St Marys Coll, Moraga, CA 94575 USA.
Harbin Inst Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China.
RP Pinkenburg, C (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RI Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012
NR 25
TC 128
Z9 131
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 7
BP 1295
EP 1298
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1295
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 227EY
UT WOS:000082066600006
ER
PT J
AU Sadigh, B
Asta, M
Ozolins, V
Schmid, AK
Bartelt, NC
Quong, AA
Hwang, RQ
AF Sadigh, B
Asta, M
Ozolins, V
Schmid, AK
Bartelt, NC
Quong, AA
Hwang, RQ
TI Short-range order and phase stability of surface alloys: PdAu on
Ru(0001)
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEMS
AB Structural and thermodynamic properties of thermally equilibrated Pd-Au/Ru(0001) surface alloys are studied within the framework of lattice models based upon first-principles total energy calculations and scanning-tunneling-microscopy imaging of atomic structure. Pd-rich alloys form pseudomorphic solid-solution phases with pronounced chemical short-range order (SRO), consistent with the prediction of a low-temperature order-disorder transition to a (root 3 x root 3)-R30 degrees ground state structure. Calculated and measured SRO parameters are found to be in excellent agreement and are quantitatively described by a lattice-model Hamiltonian dominated by short-ranged interactions.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Sadigh, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RI Ozolins, Vidvuds/D-4578-2009
NR 23
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 7
BP 1379
EP 1382
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1379
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 227EY
UT WOS:000082066600027
ER
PT J
AU Harrison, N
AF Harrison, N
TI Destabilization of a charge-density wave by an oscillatory chemical
potential
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FERMI-SURFACE TOPOLOGY; LOW-TEMPERATURE STATE; HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELDS;
ORGANIC CONDUCTOR; QUANTUM OSCILLATIONS; BEDT-TTF;
ALPHA-(BEDT-TTF)(2)KHG(SCN)(4); MAGNETOTRANSPORT; BREAKDOWN;
BIS(ETHYLENEDITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE
AB The influence of an oscillatory chemical potential <(mu)over tilde> within the gap equation of a commensurate charge-density wave (CDW) is shown to lead to a new type of quantum oscillatory effect in the susceptibility of the nested one-dimensional sheets, with frequency exactly double that of the two-dimensional pocket from which oscillations in <(mu)over tilde> originate. On approaching the Pauli paramagnetic limit, <(mu)over tilde> further leads to a cascade of multiple first-order phase transitions between CDW and normal metallic phases. These ideas are applied to alpha-(BEDT-TTF)(2)MHg(SCN)(4) charge-transfer salts.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 35
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 7
BP 1395
EP 1398
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1395
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 227EY
UT WOS:000082066600031
ER
PT J
AU Bender, CM
Cooper, F
Meisinger, PN
Savage, VM
AF Bender, CM
Cooper, F
Meisinger, PN
Savage, VM
TI Variational ansatz for PJ-symmetric quantum mechanics
SO PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
AB A variational calculation of the energy levels of the class of PJ-invariant quantum mechanical models described by the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian H = p(2) - (ix)(N) with N positive and x complex is presented. The energy levels are determined by finding the stationary points of the functional [H](a,b,c) = (integral(C)dx psi(x) H psi(x))/(integral(C)dx psi(2)(x)), where psi(x) = (ix)(c)exp(a(ix)(b)) is a three-parameter class of PJ-invariant trial wave functions. The integration contour C used to define [H](a,b,c) lies inside a wedge in the complex-x plane in which the wave function falls off exponentially at infinity. Rather than having a local minimum the functional has a saddle point in the three-parameter (a,b,c)-space. At this saddle point the numerical prediction for the ground-state energy is extremely accurate for a wide range of N. The methods of supersymmetric quantum mechanics are used to determine approximate wave functions and energy eigenvalues of the excited states of this class of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Bender, CM (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
NR 7
TC 56
Z9 56
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9601
J9 PHYS LETT A
JI Phys. Lett. A
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 259
IS 3-4
BP 224
EP 231
DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(99)00468-5
PG 8
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 229YX
UT WOS:000082224700010
ER
PT J
AU Bhagat, SM
Lofland, SE
Mitchell, JF
AF Bhagat, SM
Lofland, SE
Mitchell, JF
TI Magnetic resonance in the layered manganite La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7
SO PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; FERROMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; T-C
AB We present electron spin resonance measurements on single crystals of La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7. A well-resolved multiline spectrum is observed. There is one paramagnetic resonance line for temperatures above the ordering temperatures. The other lines turn out to arise from a small (< 0.1%) volume fraction of intergrowths. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Bhagat, SM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
OI Lofland, Samuel/0000-0002-1024-5103
NR 11
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9601
J9 PHYS LETT A
JI Phys. Lett. A
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 259
IS 3-4
BP 326
EP 328
DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(99)00438-7
PG 3
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 229YX
UT WOS:000082224700026
ER
PT J
AU Ibrahim, MA
Lee, BG
Park, NG
Pugh, JR
Eberl, DD
Frank, AJ
AF Ibrahim, MA
Lee, BG
Park, NG
Pugh, JR
Eberl, DD
Frank, AJ
TI Synthesis of new oligothiophene derivatives and their intercalation
compounds: orientation effects
SO SYNTHETIC METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE thiophene oligomers; intercalation; nanocomposites; orientation effects
ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; CONDUCTIVE POLYMER; PHOTOINDUCED
ABSORPTION; ELECTROACTIVE POLYMERS; V2O5 XEROGELS; SEXITHIOPHENE;
ANILINE; NANOCOMPOSITES; POLYANILINE; MOS2
AB The orientation dependence of intercalated oligothiophene derivatives in vermiculite and metal disulfides MS2 (M = Mo, Ti and Zr) on the pendant group on the thiophene ring and the host material was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Amino and nitro derivatives of bi-, ter- and quarter-thiophenes were synthesized for the first time. The amino-oligothiophenes were intercalated into vermiculite by an exchange reaction with previously intercalated octadecylammonium vermiculite and into MS2 by the intercalation-exfoliation technique. Analysis of the XRD data indicates that a monolayer of amino-oligothiophene orients perpendicularly to the silicate surface in vermiculite and lies flat in the van der Waals gap of MS2. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Chosun Univ, Dept Chem, Kwangju 501759, South Korea.
Harrell Ind, Rock Hill, SC 29715 USA.
US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Frank, AJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Park, Nam-Gyu/F-2477-2014
NR 63
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0379-6779
J9 SYNTHETIC MET
JI Synth. Met.
PD AUG 16
PY 1999
VL 105
IS 1
BP 35
EP 42
DI 10.1016/S0379-6779(99)00037-5
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer
Science
SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 212GL
UT WOS:000081208900007
ER
PT J
AU Geiser, U
Mercuri, ML
Parakka, JP
AF Geiser, U
Mercuri, ML
Parakka, JP
TI Bis[bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)-ammonium]
mu-tetrathiaoxalato-bis[(2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolato)nickelate(
II)]
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID DMIT; COMPLEXES
AB The binuclear complex anion in [(C6H5)(6)P2N](2)[(C3S5)Ni(C2S4)Ni(C3S5)], conventionally abbreviated (PPN)(2)[(dmit)Ni(tto)Ni(dmit)], where PPN is bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)ammonium, dmit is 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolate and tto is tetrathiaoxalate, is centrosymmetric and essentially planar, except for a small twist of 2.7(1)degrees at the Ni centers. The bond lengths [average Ni-S distance 2.166(8) Angstrom] and angles are comparable to those reported elsewhere for other salts of the component ions. The crystal packing and the charge state of the complex anion are not favorable for electrical conduction. The binuclear complex anion was synthesized by a simpler method than that published previously.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Chim & Tecnol Inorgan & Met Organ, I-09124 Cagliari, Italy.
RP Geiser, U (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD
PI COPENHAGEN
PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK
SN 0108-2701
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C
JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 55
BP 1253
EP 1255
DI 10.1107/S0108270199004692
PN 8
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 229QU
UT WOS:000082206700026
ER
PT J
AU Gordon, PL
Thompson, JA
Watkin, JG
Burns, CJ
Sauer, NN
Scott, BL
AF Gordon, PL
Thompson, JA
Watkin, JG
Burns, CJ
Sauer, NN
Scott, BL
TI Tetrachlorotetrakis(propan-2-ol)uranium(IV) and
tetrachlorotetrakis(propan-2-ol)thorium(IV)
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOLUTION; 2-PROPANOL; IODINE
AB The title complexes, [UCl4(C3H8O)(4)] and [ThCl4(C3H8O)(4)], are isomorphous and crystallize in the tetragonal space group I4(1)/a. The molecules have approximate dodecahedral symmetry and occupy sites of 4 symmetry. Principal bond lengths include U-Cl = 2.6478(10), U-O = 2.478(3), Th-Cl = 2.7066(8) and Th-O = 2.515 (2) Angstrom.
C1 Callaway Golfball Co, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA.
PolyIonix Separat Technol Inc, Dayton, NJ 08810 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Gordon, PL (reprint author), Callaway Golfball Co, 2285 Rutherford Rd, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA.
RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017
OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396
NR 17
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD
PI COPENHAGEN
PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK
SN 0108-2701
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C
JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 55
BP 1275
EP 1278
DI 10.1107/S0108270199004898
PN 8
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 229QU
UT WOS:000082206700035
ER
PT J
AU Buchholz, BA
Fultz, E
Haack, KW
Vogel, JS
Gilman, SD
Gee, SJ
Hammock, BD
Hui, XY
Wester, RC
Maibach, HI
AF Buchholz, BA
Fultz, E
Haack, KW
Vogel, JS
Gilman, SD
Gee, SJ
Hammock, BD
Hui, XY
Wester, RC
Maibach, HI
TI HPLC-accelerator MS measurement of atrazine metabolites in human urine
after dermal exposure
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ACID
AB Metabolites of atrazine were measured in human urine after dermal exposure using HPLC to separate and identify metabolites and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to quantify them, Ring-labeled [C-14]atrazine was applied for 24 h with a dermal patch to human volunteers at low (0.167 mg, 6.45 mu Ci) and high (1.98 mg, 24.7 mu Ci) doses. Urine was collected for 7 days. The mine was centrifuged to remove solids, and the supernatant was measured by liquid scintillation counting prior to injection on the HPLC to ensure that <0.17 Po (4.5 pCi) was injected on the column. A reversed-phase gradient of 0.1% acetic acid in water and 0.1% acetic acid in acetonitrile became less polar with increasing time and separated the parent compound and major atrazine metabolites over 31 min on an octadecylsilane column. Peaks were identified by coelution with known standards. Elution fractions were collected in 1-min increments; half of each fraction was analyzed by AMS to obtain limits of quantitation of 14 amol. Mercapturate metabolites of atrazine and dealkylated atrazine dominated the early metabolic time points, accounting for similar to 90% of the 14C in the urine. No parent compound was detected. The excreted atrazine metabolites became:more polar with increasing time, and an unidentified polar metabolite that was present in all samples became as prevalent as any of the known ring metabolites several days after the dose was delivered. Knowledge of metabolite dynamics is crucial to developing useful assays for monitoring atrazine exposure in agricultural workers.
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
RP Buchholz, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RI Buchholz, Bruce/G-1356-2011; Gilman, Samuel/D-1635-2016
OI Gilman, Samuel/0000-0001-7208-3894
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES09690-01, P42 ES04699, R01 ES02710]
NR 25
TC 76
Z9 76
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 71
IS 16
BP 3519
EP 3525
DI 10.1021/ac990152g
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 227HM
UT WOS:000082075100029
PM 10464479
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, RC
Hierlemann, A
Staton, AW
Hill, M
Ricco, AJ
AF Thomas, RC
Hierlemann, A
Staton, AW
Hill, M
Ricco, AJ
TI Reflectance infrared spectroscopy on operating surface acoustic wave
chemical sensors during exposure to gas-phase analytes
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID EXTERNAL REFLECTION; MONOLAYER; MODULATION; DEVICES; DESIGN; FILMS
AB Instrumentation, software, and a specialized device were developed to combine surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor measurements with direct, in situ Fourier transform infrared external-reflectance spectroscopy (FT-IR-ERS). Probing surface-confined sensing films with molecularly specific IR spectroscopy during analyte exposure characterizes in unprecedented detail the interactions between sorptive SAW coatings and gaseous analytes. The unique device and measurement system are described. The power of the combined measurements is demonstrated by SAW/FT-IR-ERS responses to several organic analytes interacting with a conventional organic polymer, a transition-metal-coordinating self-assembled alkanethiol monolayer, and a "molecular cage" film based on a cyclodextrin.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Microsensor Res & Dev Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Thomas, RC (reprint author), Eltron Res Inc, 5660 Airport Blvd, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
RI Hierlemann, Andreas/A-7046-2008; Ricco, Antonio/A-5273-2010;
OI Hierlemann, Andreas/0000-0002-3838-2468; Ricco,
Antonio/0000-0002-2355-4984
NR 33
TC 8
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 71
IS 16
BP 3615
EP 3621
DI 10.1021/ac981447h
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 227HM
UT WOS:000082075100044
ER
PT J
AU Matthews, DC
Appelbaum, FR
Eary, JF
Fisher, DR
Durack, LD
Hui, TE
Martin, PJ
Mitchell, D
Press, OW
Storb, R
Bernstein, ID
AF Matthews, DC
Appelbaum, FR
Eary, JF
Fisher, DR
Durack, LD
Hui, TE
Martin, PJ
Mitchell, D
Press, OW
Storb, R
Bernstein, ID
TI Phase I study of I-131-anti-CD45 antibody plus cyclophosphamide and
total body irradiation for advanced acute leukemia and myelodysplastic
syndrome
SO BLOOD
LA English
DT Article
ID B-CELL LYMPHOMA; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; RADIOLABELED
MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ALLOGENEIC MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; ACUTE
LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; DOSE-RATE; ANTI-CD20
ANTIBODY; MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; RANDOMIZED TRIAL
AB Delivery of targeted hematopoietic irradiation using radiolabeled monoclonal antibody may improve the outcome of marrow transplantation for advanced acute leukemia by decreasing relapse without increasing toxicity. We conducted a phase 1 study that examined the biodistribution of I-131-labeled anti-CD45 antibody and determined the toxicity of escalating doses of targeted radiation combined with 120 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CY) and 12 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) followed by HLA-matched related allogeneic or autologous transplant. Forty-four patients with advanced acute leukemia or myelodysplasia received a biodistribution dose of 0.5 mg/kg I-131-BC8 (murine anti-CDQ5) antibody. The mean +/- SEM estimated radiation absorbed dose (centigray per millicurie of I-131) delivered to bone marrow and spleen was 6.5 +/- 0.5 and 13.5 +/- 1.3, respectively, with liver, lung, kidney, and total body receiving lower amounts of 2.8 +/- 0.2, 1.8 +/- 0.1, 0.6 +/- 0.04, and 0.4 +/- 0.02, respectively. Thirty-seven patients (84%) had favorable biodistribution of antibody, with a higher estimated radiation absorbed dose to marrow and spleen than to normal organs. Thirty-four patients received a therapeutic dose of I-131-antibody labeled with 76 to 612 mCi I-131 to deliver estimated radiation absorbed doses to liver (normal organ receiving the highest dose) of 3.5 Gy (level 1) to 12.25 Gy (level 6) in addition to CY and TBI, The maximum tolerated dose was level 5 (delivering 10.5 Gy to liver), with grade III/IV mucositis in 2 of 2 patients treated at level 6. Of 25 treated patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 7 survive disease-free 15 to 89 months (median, 65 months) posttransplant. Of 9 treated patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 3 survive disease-free 19, 54, and 66 months posttransplant. We conclude that I-131-anti-CD45 antibody can safely deliver substantial supplemental doses of radiation to bone marrow (similar to 24 Gy) and spleen (similar to 50 Gy) when combined with conventional CY/TBI. (C) 1999 by The American Society of Hematology.
C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr D1 100, Div Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA.
RP Matthews, DC (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr D1 100, Div Clin Res, 1100 Fairview Ave N,POB 19024, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA44991, CA18029, CA18221]
NR 60
TC 192
Z9 203
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA
SN 0006-4971
J9 BLOOD
JI Blood
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 94
IS 4
BP 1237
EP 1247
PG 11
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 225FE
UT WOS:000081947100011
PM 10438711
ER
PT J
AU Feng, XH
Faiia, AM
WoldeGabriel, G
Aronson, JL
Poage, MA
Chamberlain, CP
AF Feng, XH
Faiia, AM
WoldeGabriel, G
Aronson, JL
Poage, MA
Chamberlain, CP
TI Oxygen isotope studies of illite/smectite and clinoptilolite from Yucca
Mountain: implications for paleohydrologic conditions
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE clay minerals; paleohydrology; clinoptilolite; O-18/O-16; Yucca Mountain
ID SIERRA-NEVADA; O-ISOTOPE; DIAGENESIS; MINERALOGY; EVOLUTION; SEDIMENTS;
ALBERTA; CANADA; BASIN; ROCKS
AB Illite/smectite (I/S) and clinoptilolite mineral separates from drill holes in 11 Ma old altered volcanic tuffs of Yucca Mountain, Nevada were analyzed for delta(18)O values. We reconstruct the diagenetic;and paleohydrologic conditions using the isotopic composition of clay minerals combined with other independent geological observations. Our isotopic data show that the delta(18)O values of clay minerals preserve paleohydrologic information from a Middle to Late Miocene episode of hydrothermal alteration at Yucca Mountain. We provide additional evidence for a dual decoupled groundwater circulation system at Yucca Mountain ca. 11 Ma ago. A near-surface system dominated by downward percolation of groundwater is separated from a deeper hydrothermal system by profound thermal and isotopic discontinuities near the R0-R1 I/S transition. Given the set of inferred formation temperatures and the isotopic composition of formation water, we show that the current set of isotopic compositions of clinoptilolite is significantly lower than those at the time of formation, and are not significantly different from the equilibrium values defined by the current groundwater delta(18)O and geothermal gradient. We conclude that, unlike I/S, clinoptilolite has not preserved its original isotopic composition over the past II million years, but we do not know how long is necessary to reset the isotopic signature of clinoptilolite under near-surface conditions. The current groundwater at Yucca Mountain is 4 parts per thousand more enriched in O-18 than the paleogroundwater 10-11 Ma ago as inferred from our reconstruction. This shift may be attributed to a change in the pattern of atmospheric circulation, such as by surficial uplift of the Sierra Nevada, which caused it to become an orographic barrier to moisture penetrating inland from the west. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Dartmouth Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Feng, XH (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
EM xiahong.feng@dartmouth.edu
NR 41
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 171
IS 1
BP 95
EP 106
DI 10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00136-3
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 226FX
UT WOS:000082010600008
ER
PT J
AU Tuang, FN
Rademaker, JLW
Alocilja, EC
Louws, FJ
de Bruijn, FJ
AF Tuang, FN
Rademaker, JLW
Alocilja, EC
Louws, FJ
de Bruijn, FJ
TI Identification of bacterial rep-PCR genomic fingerprints using a
backpropagation neural network
SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE backpropagation neural network; bacterial identification; rep-PCR;
genomic fingerprint; Xanthomonas
ID XANTHOMONAS; SEQUENCES; CLASSIFICATION; STRAINS
AB A backpropagation neural network (BPN) was used to identify bacterial plant pathogens based on their genomic fingerprints. Genomic fingerprint data, comprised of complex DNA band patterns generated using BOX, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) and repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-primers (rep-PCR), were used to train three independent BPNs. 10 Strains of the genus Xanthomonas, each with a characteristic host plant range, were identified correctly using the three trained BPNs. When tested with fingerprints of bacterial strains not present in the training sets, the rejection rate was 100%, using the three BPN classifiers combined. Thus, BPN protocols can be employed to generate a powerful computer-based system for the identification of pathogenic bacteria in the genus Xanthomonas. (C) 1999 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Agr Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Michigan State Univ, NSF Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Rademaker, JLW (reprint author), Netherlands Culture Collect Bacteria, POB 80056, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands.
NR 24
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1097
J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT
JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 177
IS 2
BP 249
EP 256
DI 10.1016/S0378-1097(99)00319-5
PG 8
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 225FP
UT WOS:000081948000010
ER
PT J
AU Goldstein, P
Dodge, D
AF Goldstein, P
Dodge, D
TI Fast and accurate depth and source mechanism estimation using P-waveform
modeling: A tool for special event analysis, event screening, and
regional calibration
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOURCE PARAMETERS; EARTHQUAKES
AB We have developed, validated, and applied a fast and accurate, interactive, easy to use tool for estimating seismic event depth and mechanism by modeling the initial P-wave bundle. Significant features of this tool include its applicability over a broad band of frequencies (f less than or equal to 2 Hz) and magnitudes (mb greater than or equal to 4.5), its ability to provide accurate high-resolution depth estimates, and its ability to provide constraints on event mechanism including isotropic contributions. It also provides estimates of random and model errors and can be used to lest hypotheses and investigate sensitivity to and trade-offs between model parameters.
We Validated this tool and its algorithms by showing that our estimated depths and mechanisms are in excellent agreement with ground-truth depths and mechanisms based on local and regional data. We find that depth can usually be estimated to an accuracy of a few km with a small number of stations. Although complete mechanisms are sometimes poorly resolved, we find that two out of three of the mechanism parameters (strike, dip, rake) are usually well constrained. We illustrate the potential of this technique for regional calibration, special event analysis, and event screening by comparing estimated depths and mechanisms of events in the Middle East and North Africa with those of the National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) and by comparing our depth and mechanism estimates for the May 11, 1998 India nuclear explosion and a November 8, 1991 earthquake that occurred in the same region.
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geophys & Global Secur Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Goldstein, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geophys & Global Secur Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 13
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 26
IS 16
BP 2569
EP 2572
DI 10.1029/1999GL900579
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 226GD
UT WOS:000082011200041
ER
PT J
AU Feldman, WC
Skoug, RM
Gosling, JT
McComas, DJ
Tokar, RL
Burlaga, LF
Ness, NF
Smith, CW
AF Feldman, WC
Skoug, RM
Gosling, JT
McComas, DJ
Tokar, RL
Burlaga, LF
Ness, NF
Smith, CW
TI Observations of suprathermal electron conics in an interplanetary
coronal mass ejection
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HELIOS PLASMA-EXPERIMENT; SOLAR-WIND ELECTRON; INTER-PLANETARY SHOCK;
DISTRIBUTIONS; EVENTS
AB Solar wind suprathermal electron velocity distributions measured by the SWEPAM experiment aboard ACE were studied to determine the internal magnetic structure of the coronal mass ejection (CME) that passed 1 AU on 4-5 February, 1998. Pitch-angle distributions range from symmetric counter-streaming to complex distributions that include conics. Identification of suprathermal electron conics in interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs) is reported here for the first time. The origin of these conics is highly uncertain. We suggest, however, that the conics may originate in transient electron heating associated with magnetic reconnection within the magnetic legs of the CMEs. Such reconnection generates large, complex magnetic loops that have enhanced anti-solar electric fields at their solar edge to maintain charge neutrality. This field must be sufficiently strong to bind electrons with high pitch angles to the bottom of the loops as they propagate away from the Sun.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RP Feldman, WC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
NR 16
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 26
IS 16
BP 2613
EP 2616
DI 10.1029/1999GL900460
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 226GD
UT WOS:000082011200052
ER
PT J
AU Kwok, DTK
Chu, PK
Wood, BP
Chan, C
AF Kwok, DTK
Chu, PK
Wood, BP
Chan, C
TI Particle-in-cell and Monte Carlo simulation of the hydrogen plasma
immersion ion implantation process
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON-ON-INSULATOR; AUXILIARY ELECTRODE; CYLINDRICAL BORE; BURIED
OXIDE; SEPARATION; OXYGEN; FABRICATION; SURFACE
AB Hydrogen plasma immersion ion implantation into a 200-mm-diam silicon wafer placed on top of a cylindrical stage has been numerically simulated by the particle-in-cell (PIC) and transport-and-mixing-from-ion-irradiation (TAMIX) methods. The PIC simulation is conducted based on the plasma comprising three hydrogen species H+, H-2(+), and H-3(+) in a ratio determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The local sputtering losses and retained doses are calculated by the Monte Carlo code TAMIX. The combined effect of the three species results in a maximum retained dose variation of 11.6% along the radial direction of the wafer, although the implanted dose variation derived by PIC is higher at 21.5%. Our results suggest that the retained dose variations due to off-normal incident ions can partially compensate for variations in incident dose dictated by plasma sheath conditions. The depth profile becomes shallower toward the edge of the wafer. Our results indicate that it is about 34% shallower at the edge, but within a radius of 6.375 cm, the depth of the peak only varies by about 5%. For plasma implantation process design, a combination of PIC and TAMIX is better than the traditional practice of using PIC alone. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)02716-4].
C1 City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Kowloon, Peoples R China.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Chu, PK (reprint author), City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, 83 Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Peoples R China.
EM paul.chu@cityu.edu.hk
RI Chu, Paul/B-5923-2013
OI Chu, Paul/0000-0002-5581-4883
NR 29
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 86
IS 4
BP 1817
EP 1821
DI 10.1063/1.370974
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 221HD
UT WOS:000081720600007
ER
PT J
AU Hartmann, P
Bermuth, J
Von Harrach, D
Hoffmann, J
Kobis, S
Reichert, E
Aulenbacher, K
Schuler, J
Steigerwald, M
AF Hartmann, P
Bermuth, J
Von Harrach, D
Hoffmann, J
Kobis, S
Reichert, E
Aulenbacher, K
Schuler, J
Steigerwald, M
TI A diffusion model for picosecond electron bunches from negative electron
affinity GaAs photocathodes
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME
AB Even though theoretical estimates predict response times for the photoemission process of electrons from a negative electron affinity GaAs photoemitter in excess of hundreds of picoseconds, recent measurements found electron bunch durations of 40 ps or less. This work presents precise measurements of picosecond electron bunches from a negative affinity bulk GaAs photocathode and develops a model which explains the measured bunch durations as well as the observed bunch shapes. The bunch shape turns out to be independent from the quantum efficiency of the photoemitter. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)04616-2].
C1 Univ Mainz, Inst Kernphys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany.
Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany.
RP Hartmann, P (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA.
NR 15
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 86
IS 4
BP 2245
EP 2249
DI 10.1063/1.371037
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 221HD
UT WOS:000081720600072
ER
PT J
AU Shan, W
Walukiewicz, W
Ager, JW
Haller, EE
Geisz, JF
Friedman, DJ
Olson, JM
Kurtz, SR
AF Shan, W
Walukiewicz, W
Ager, JW
Haller, EE
Geisz, JF
Friedman, DJ
Olson, JM
Kurtz, SR
TI Effect of nitrogen on the band structure of GaInNAs alloys
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GAASN; GAP; SEMICONDUCTORS; LUMINESCENCE;
GAAS1-XNX
AB We show that incorporation of nitrogen in Ga1-xInxAs to form Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y alloys leads to a splitting of the conduction band into two nonparabolic subbands. The splitting can be described in terms of an anticrossing interaction between a narrow band of localized nitrogen states and the extended conduction-band states of the semiconductor matrix. The downward shift of the lower subband edge accounts for the N-induced reduction of the fundamental band-gap energy. An analysis of the relationship between the subband splitting and the band-gap reduction demonstrates that the energetic location of the valence band is nearly independent of the N content in Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y alloys. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)02816-9].
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Shan, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 25
TC 136
Z9 138
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 86
IS 4
BP 2349
EP 2351
DI 10.1063/1.371148
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 221HD
UT WOS:000081720600090
ER
PT J
AU Rice, MJ
Chakraborty, AK
Bell, AT
AF Rice, MJ
Chakraborty, AK
Bell, AT
TI Al next nearest neighbor, ring occupation, and proximity statistics in
ZSM-5
SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
ID BRONSTED ACIDITY; H-ZSM-5; DENSITY; CATIONS
AB The distribution of framework Al in ZSM-5 was simulated for various Si/Al ratios and the results used to determine the fraction of Al atoms in next nearest neighbors (NNN)T sites. All the 4-, 5-, and 6-membered rings were identified in the unit cell and the fraction of these rings with 0, 1, 2, and 3 Al was calculated. Lastly, the radial distribution function of A-Al pairs, the number of Al's expected within a sphere of radius, r, centered around an Al (E), and the probability of finding at least one Al within a sphere of radius, r, centered around an Al (P) were calculated for different Si/Al ratios. Based on these results, the probability of locating NNN pairs of Al atoms situated at a distance suitable for the stabilization of M2+ and [M-O-M](2+) cations were carried out and then used to determine maximum values for M2+/Al and [M-O-M](2+)/Al. The value of M2+/Al is 0.12 for Si/Al = 12 and 0.07 for Si/Al = 24, and the value of [M-O-M](2+) is 0.30 for Si/Al = 12 and 0.19 for Si/Al = 24. The values of M2+/Al obtained theoretically are in reasonable agreement with those observed experimentally for Pd-ZSM-5. A significant finding of our simulation is that Lowenstein's rule is the dominant factor governing short-range correlations of framework Al atoms, and hence the distribution of NNN pairs of Al atoms. As a consequence, analytical theories that include consideration of Lowenstein's rule provide rather accurate estimates of the probability of finding Al NNN pairs. (C) 1999 Academic Press.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Bell, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645
NR 7
TC 74
Z9 74
U1 1
U2 12
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9517
J9 J CATAL
JI J. Catal.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 186
IS 1
BP 222
EP 227
DI 10.1006/jcat.1999.2544
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 230KN
UT WOS:000082250500023
ER
PT J
AU Atchity, GJ
Ruedenberg, K
AF Atchity, GJ
Ruedenberg, K
TI Orbital transformations and configurational transformations of
electronic wavefunctions
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPACE SCF METHOD; NONORTHOGONAL ORBITALS; MOLECULAR-INTERACTIONS;
BIORTHOGONAL ORBITALS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; PERTURBATION; MOMENTS; STATE
AB Transformations among molecular orbitals are often expedient or illuminating, and sometimes essential in quantum chemical contexts. In order to express the many-electron wavefunction in terms of the corresponding transformed configurations, full CI calculations used to be repeated in the transformed orbital basis. The configurational transformations can however be obtained directly, as shown by Malmqvist, by a factorization into single orbital transformations. In the present paper, a direct transformation method is presented that is based on the factorization of orbital transformations in terms of Jacobi rotations. Compared to the repetition of a CI calculation, both direct re-expansion methods drastically reduce the computational effort and increase the numerical accuracy. They are, moreover, applicable to wavefunctions whose original construction is not accessible. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)00621-2].
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Atchity, GJ (reprint author), 11705 Mackey St, Overland Pk, KS 66210 USA.
NR 41
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 7
BP 2910
EP 2920
DI 10.1063/1.479573
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 222GB
UT WOS:000081774700009
ER
PT J
AU Zanni, MT
Greenblatt, BJ
Davis, AV
Neumark, DM
AF Zanni, MT
Greenblatt, BJ
Davis, AV
Neumark, DM
TI Photodissociation of gas phase I-3(-) using femtosecond photoelectron
spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID STIMULATED RAMAN-SCATTERING; VIBRATIONAL-RELAXATION; SYMMETRY-BREAKING;
TRIIODIDE ION; ULTRAFAST PHOTODISSOCIATION; GEMINATE RECOMBINATION;
IMPULSIVE EXCITATION; ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; TRANSITION-STATE; TRIHALIDE
IONS
AB The photodissociation dynamics of gas phase I-3(-) following 390 nm excitation are studied using femtosecond photoelectron spectroscopy. Both I- and I-2(-) photofragments are observed; the I-2(-) exhibits coherent oscillations with a period of 550 fs corresponding to similar to 0.70 eV of vibrational excitation. The oscillations dephase by 4 ps and rephase at 45 and 90.5 ps on the anharmonic I-2(-) potential. The gas phase frequency of ground state I-3(-) is determined from oscillations in the photoelectron spectrum induced by resonance impulsive stimulated Raman scattering. The dynamics of this reaction are modeled using one- and two-dimensional wave packet simulations from which we attribute the formation of I- to three-body dissociation along the symmetric stretching coordinate of the excited anion potential. The photodissociation dynamics of gas phase I-3(-) differ considerably from those observed previously in solution both in terms of the I-2(-) vibrational distribution and the production of I-. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)01930-3].
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zanni, MT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Zanni, Martin/K-2707-2013; Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009
OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473
NR 64
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 7
BP 2991
EP 3003
DI 10.1063/1.479660
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 222GB
UT WOS:000081774700019
ER
PT J
AU Skurski, P
Gutowski, M
AF Skurski, P
Gutowski, M
TI Ab initio study of the dipole-bound anion (H2O...HCl)(-)
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDRATED ELECTRON CLUSTERS; FRANCK-CONDON PRINCIPLE;
PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-COMPLEXES; GROUND-STATE; VIBRONIC
TRANSITIONS; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY; WATER DIMER;
BASIS-SETS
AB The (H2O...HCl)(-) anion has been studied at the coupled cluster level of theory with single, double, and noniterative, triple excitations whereas lowest energy structures have been determined at the second-order Moller-Plesset level. The vertical electron detachment energy and the adiabatic electron affinity were found to be 475 and 447 cm(-1), respectively, and they agree very well with the maximum of the dominant peak in the photoelectron spectrum of (H2O...HCl)(-) at 436 cm(-1), recorded by Bowen and collaborators. Our results indicate that electron correlation contributions to the electron binding energy are important and represent similar to 70% of its total value. Both for the neutral and the anion, the two equivalent C-s symmetry minima are separated by a C-2v transition state and the energy barrier amounts to only 77 cm(-1). Thus the equilibrium structures averaged over vibrations are effectively planar (C-2v). The Franck-Condon (FC) factors, calculated in harmonic approximation, indicate that the neutral complex formed in photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) experiments may be vibrationally excited in both soft intermolecular and stiff intramolecular modes. The theoretical photoelectron spectrum based on the calculated FC factors is compared to the experimental PES spectrum of Bowen (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)30331-7].
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Univ Utah, Dept Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
Univ Gdansk, Dept Chem, PL-80952 Gdansk, Poland.
RP Gutowski, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 58
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 7
BP 3004
EP 3011
DI 10.1063/1.479614
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 222GB
UT WOS:000081774700020
ER
PT J
AU Jarvis, GK
Evans, M
Ng, CY
Mitsuke, K
AF Jarvis, GK
Evans, M
Ng, CY
Mitsuke, K
TI Rotational-resolved pulsed field ionization photoelectron study of
NO+(X-1 Sigma(+),v(+)=0-32) in the energy range of 9.24-16.80 eV
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; NITRIC-OXIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; THRESHOLD;
PHOTOIONIZATION; NO; O-2; TRANSITION; SPECTRUM; STATES
AB We have obtained rotationally resolved pulsed filed ionization photoelectron (PFI-PE) spectra of NO in the energy range of 9.2-16.8 eV, covering ionization transitions of NO+(X (1)Sigma(+),v(+)=0-32,J(+))<-- NO(X (2)Pi(3/2,1/2),v"=0,J"). The PFI-PE bands for NO+(X (1)Sigma(+),v(+)=6-32) obtained here represent the first rotationally resolved spectroscopic data for these states. The simulation using the Buckingham-Orr-Sichel model provides accurate molecular constants for NO+(X (1)Sigma(+),v(+)=0-32), including ionization energies, vibrational constants (omega(e)(+)=2 382.997 +/- 0.122 cm(-1), omega(e)(+)chi(e)(+)=17.437 84 +/- 0.000 90 cm(-1), omega(e)(+)y(e)(+)=0.063 209 5 +/- 3.2x10(-6) cm(-1), and omega(e)(+)z(e)(+)=-0.001 400 0 +/- 7.2x10(-8) cm(-1)), and rotational constants (B-e(+)=1.996 608 +/- 0.006 259 cm(-1), alpha(e)(+)=0.020 103 +/- 6.3x10(-5) cm(-1), and gamma(e)(+)=-(7.22 +/- 2.26)x10(-6) cm(-1)). For v(+)=0-15, the rotational branches are Delta J=J(+)-J"=+/- 1/2, +/- 3/2, +/- 5/2, +/- 7/2, and +/- 9/2, which correspond to the formation of photoelectron angular momentum states l=0, 1, 2, and 3. The Delta J=+/- 1/2, +/- 3/2, +/- 5/2, +/- 7/2, +/- 9/2, and +/- 11/2 rotational branches are observed in the spectra for v(+)=16-32, revealing the production of continuum photoelectron states l=0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. The maximum Delta J value and intensities for high Delta J rotational branches are found to generally increase as v(+) is increased in the range of 0-32. This observation is attributed to an increase in inelastic cross sections for collisions between the outgoing photoelectron and the nonspherical molecular ion core as the bond distance for NO+ is increased. Thus, this observation can be taken as strong support for the electron-molecular-ion-core scattering model for angular momentum and energy exchanges in the threshold photoionization of NO. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)00930-7].
C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Inst Mol Sci, Okazaki, Aichi 4448585, Japan.
RP Jarvis, GK (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 49
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 7
BP 3058
EP 3069
DI 10.1063/1.479586
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 222GB
UT WOS:000081774700027
ER
PT J
AU Sohlberg, K
Yarkony, DR
AF Sohlberg, K
Yarkony, DR
TI On the strongly bound B (3)Pi state of the CAr van der Waals complex:
Bonding and predissociation
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRONICALLY NONADIABATIC INTERACTIONS; LARGE ENERGY SHIFTS;
FLUORESCENCE EXCITATION; RADIATIONLESS DECAY; BAR; SPECTROSCOPY;
C-2-DELTA; MOLECULES; ASYMPTOTE; NARROW
AB For the open shell van der Waals molecule, CAr, the potential energy curves (PECs) for the B (3)Pi and 1 (5)Sigma(-) states, the B (3)Pi-1 (5)Sigma(-) spin-orbit coupling and the B (3)Pi fine structure splitting are determined using multireference configuration interaction wave functions as large as similar to 8 million configuration state functions. The B (3)Pi state is strongly bound, with D-e=5100 cm(-1). R-e(B (3)Pi)=3.7a(0) and is considerably shorter than R-e(X (3)Sigma(-))=6.07 a(0). The PEC for the repulsive 1 (5)Sigma(-) state crosses that of the B (3)Pi state at R-x(1 (5)Sigma(-),B (3)Pi)=3.31a(0) leading to spin-orbit induced predissociation. The B (3)Pi-1 (5)Sigma(-) spin-orbit coupling is the result of valence-Ryberg mixing in the B (3)Pi state and is considerably enhanced by the heavy atom effect. The heavy atom effect is also reflected in a marked decrease in the fine structure splitting of the B (3)Pi state with increasing vibrational level. The implications of these results for using CAr(B (3)Pi) in laser induced fluorescence detection of CAr(X (3)Sigma(-),v) are discussed. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)30530-4].
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Sohlberg, K (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 3025N MS6031, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 7
BP 3070
EP 3076
DI 10.1063/1.479587
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 222GB
UT WOS:000081774700028
ER
PT J
AU Blank, DA
Kaufman, LJ
Fleming, GR
AF Blank, DA
Kaufman, LJ
Fleming, GR
TI Fifth-order two-dimensional Raman spectra of CS2 are dominated by
third-order cascades
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FEMTOSECOND 2-DIMENSIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; 5TH-ORDER NONLINEAR
SPECTROSCOPY; TIME-RESOLVED 4-WAVE; LIQUID CS2; VIBRATIONAL
SPECTROSCOPY; CONDENSED-PHASE; MODES; SCATTERING; PULSES; MECHANISMS
AB We have demonstrated that fifth-order stimulated Raman spectra of the intermolecular modes in CS2 are dominated by cascading third-order processes. Previous studies have successfully discriminated against a sequential cascading process, but did not account for parallel third-order cascades. All of our measured spectra were successfully simulated considering only cascades built directly from our measured third-order spectra. Using an appropriately chosen phase matching geometry we also measured the sequential cascade, which should exist with equal probability to the parallel cascade. When employing a phase matching geometry that provided substantial discrimination against all of the third-order cascades we were not able to measure any signal. We assign an upper limit for the true fifth-order signal of 2% of the cascaded signal. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)00131-2].
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Blank, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 50
TC 162
Z9 162
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 7
BP 3105
EP 3114
DI 10.1063/1.479591
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 222GB
UT WOS:000081774700032
ER
PT J
AU Halley, JW
Duan, Y
Curtiss, LA
Baboul, AG
AF Halley, JW
Duan, Y
Curtiss, LA
Baboul, AG
TI Lithium perchlorate ion pairing in a model of amorphous polyethylene
oxide
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS MODEL; CONDUCTIVITY; COMPLEXES;
LIQUID; SALT
AB We report a molecular dynamics study of pairing and dynamics of lithium cation and perchlorate anion in a previously reported model of amorphous polyethylene oxide. We are particularly interested in the question of whether these ions pair in the model, as previously reported experimentally. We calculate the potential of mean force between a lithium and perchlorate ion in the system for several temperatures when a pair of ions is at various separation distances in our model. We find evidence for two minima in the potential of mean force, one at lithium-chlorine separations of 3.5 Angstrom and about 6.5 Angstrom. We studied the same system with five ion pairs in the system and again find two minima at the same separation distances but in this case there is evidence of entropic effects in the binding free energy of the pairs at 3.5 Angstrom. A study of radial distribution functions permits us to deduce information concerning the structure of the paired states. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)50929-X].
C1 Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Halley, JW (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
NR 13
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 7
BP 3302
EP 3308
DI 10.1063/1.479609
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 222GB
UT WOS:000081774700054
ER
PT J
AU Kupferman, R
Denn, MM
AF Kupferman, R
Denn, MM
TI Simulation of the evolution of concentrated shear layers in a Maxwell
fluid with a fast high-resolution finite-difference scheme
SO JOURNAL OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Maxwell; resolution; covergence; shear layers; stress
ID HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS
AB We employ a new second-order extension of the Lax-Friedrichs scheme, with incompressibility imposed by means of a projection algorithm, to follow the evolution of the vorticity and stress fields for a Maxwell fluid in a two-dimensional periodic system initialized with two thin and concentrated shear layers. The scheme is simple, efficient, and robust, and is capable, in particular, of resolving large stress gradients. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kupferman, R (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Math, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0257
J9 J NON-NEWTON FLUID
JI J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 84
IS 2-3
BP 275
EP 287
DI 10.1016/S0377-0257(98)00157-8
PG 13
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA 207WN
UT WOS:000080958900010
ER
PT J
AU Di Lorenzo, ML
Zhang, G
Pyda, M
Lebedev, BV
Wunderlich, B
AF Di Lorenzo, ML
Zhang, G
Pyda, M
Lebedev, BV
Wunderlich, B
TI Heat capacity of solid-state biopolymers by thermal analysis
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE heat capacity; solid proteins; vibrational spectrum; addition scheme;
poly(amino acid)
ID CARBON BACKBONE POLYMERS; LINEAR MACROMOLECULES; THERMODYNAMIC
PROPERTIES; POLY(AMINO ACID)S; GLOBULAR-PROTEINS; GLASS-TRANSITION;
DENATURATION; COLLAGEN
AB Heat capacities in the solid state of four globular proteins (bovine beta-lactoglobulin, chicken lysozyme, ovalbumine, and horse myoglobin) and of the poly(amino acid) poly(L-tryptophan) have been determined using the Advanced THermal Analysis System (ATHAS). The experimental measurements were performed with adiabatic and differential scanning calorimetry over wide temperature ranges. The heat capacities were linked to an approximate vibrational spectrum by making use of known group vibrations and of a set of parameters, Theta(1) and Theta(3), of the Tarasov function for the skeletal vibrations. Good agreement was found between experiments and calculations with root mean square errors mostly within +/-3%. The experimental data were analyzed also with an empirical addition scheme using the known data for poly(amino acid)s measured earlier. Based on this study, vibrational heat capacities can now be predicted for all proteins with an accuracy comparable to common experiments. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Nizhnii Novgorod, Inst Chem, Nizhnii Novgorod 603600, Russia.
RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RI Di Lorenzo, Maria Laura/N-5692-2015
NR 40
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 11
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA
SN 0887-6266
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 37
IS 16
BP 2093
EP 2102
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0488(19990815)37:16<2093::AID-POLB12>3.3.CO;2-U
PG 10
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 221HM
UT WOS:000081721700012
ER
PT J
AU Nolan, DS
Farrell, BF
AF Nolan, DS
Farrell, BF
TI The structure and dynamics of tornado-like vortices
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID 2ND-ORDER PROJECTION METHOD; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; BOUNDARY-LAYER;
VORTEX; STORM
AB The structure and dynamics of axisymmetric tornado-like vortices are explored with a numerical model of axisymmetric incompressible flow based on recently developed numerical methods. The model is first shown to compare favorably with previous results and is then used to study the effects of varying the major parameters controlling the vortex: the strength of the convective forcing, the strength of the rotational Forcing, and the magnitude of the model eddy viscosity. Dimensional analysis of the model problem indicates that the results must depend on only two dimensionless parameters. The natural choices for these two parameters are a convective Reynolds number (based on the velocity scale associated with the convective forcing) and a parameter analogous to the swirl ratio in laboratory models. However, by examining sets of simulations with different model parameters it is found that a dimensionless parameter known as the vortex Reynolds number, which is the ratio of the farfield circulation to the eddy viscosity, is more effective than the conventional swirl ratio for predicting the structure of the vortex.
As the value of the vortex Reynolds number is increased, it is observed that the tornado-like vortex transitions from a smooth, steady flow to one with quasiperiodic oscillations. These oscillations, when present, are caused by axisymmetric disturbances propagating down toward the surface from the upper part of the domain, Attempts to identify these oscillations with linear waves associated with the shears of the mean azimuthal and vertical winds give mixed results.
The parameter space defined by the choices for model parameters is further explored with large sets of numerical simulations. For much of this parameter space it is confirmed that the vortex structure and time-dependent behavior depend strongly on the vortex Reynolds number and only weakly on the convective Reynolds number. The authors also find that for higher convective Reynolds numbers, the maximum possible wind speed increases, and the rotational forcing necessary to achieve that wind speed decreases. Physical reasoning is used to explain this behavior, and implications for tornado dynamics are discussed.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA USA.
Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Nolan, DS (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
NR 41
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 56
IS 16
BP 2908
EP 2936
DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<2908:TSADOT>2.0.CO;2
PG 29
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 230DW
UT WOS:000082237400010
ER
PT J
AU Hsueh, CH
Fuller, ER
Langer, SA
Carter, WC
AF Hsueh, CH
Fuller, ER
Langer, SA
Carter, WC
TI Analytical and numerical analyses for two-dimensional stress transfer
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE stress transfer; interface; composite; analytical modeling; numerical
simulations
ID FIBER PULL-OUT; CERAMIC COMPOSITES; ELLIPSOIDAL INCLUSIONS; MATRIX
COMPOSITES; STRENGTH; FRACTURE
AB Both analytical modeling and numerical simulations were performed to analyze the stress transfer in platelet-reinforced composites in a two-dimensional sense. In the two-dimensional model, an embedded elongated plate bonded to a matrix along its long edges was considered. The system was subjected to both tensile loading parallel to the plate's long edges and residual thermal stresses. The ends of the plate can be debonded from or bonded to the matrix during loading, and both cases were considered in the analysis. Good agreement was obtained between the present analytical and numerical solutions. However, better agreement between analytical and numerical models was obtained for the case of bonded ends than for debonded ends. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hsueh, CH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011; Carter, W/K-2406-2012
NR 24
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 268
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 7
DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00129-X
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 211FK
UT WOS:000081149700001
ER
PT J
AU Lee, S
Liaw, PK
Liu, CT
Chou, YT
AF Lee, S
Liaw, PK
Liu, CT
Chou, YT
TI Cracking in Cr-Cr2Nb eutectic alloys due to thermal stresses
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE thermal stress; eutectic network; Cr-rich matrix; Cr2NB matrix;
microcracks
ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB The microstructures of the Cr- Cr2Nb two-phase alloy as affected by thermal stresses have been investigated for three different systems: (1) Cr-rich particles surrounded by the eutectic network; (7) Cr2Nb particles embedded in the Cr-rich matrix, and (3) Cr-rich particles inside the Cr2Nb matrix. Micrographs of the as-cast and annealed specimens show that microcracks are primarily located at the interface between the particle and the matrix. These observations are related to the presence of thermal stress held of elastic inclusions with its maximum tensile and shear stresses located st the interface boundary. The theoretical analyses presented support the formation of crack embryos at the interface as the local tensile stress exceeds the critical value for crack nucleation, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Lee, S (reprint author), Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
EM sblee@mse.ntu.edu.tw
OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725
NR 23
TC 25
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 268
IS 1-2
BP 184
EP 192
DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00068-4
PG 9
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 211FK
UT WOS:000081149700022
ER
PT J
AU Raymond, TD
Alford, WJ
Crawford, MH
Allerman, AA
AF Raymond, TD
Alford, WJ
Crawford, MH
Allerman, AA
TI Intracavity frequency doubling of a diode-pumped external-cavity
surface-emitting semiconductor laser
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID BLUE-LIGHT GENERATION
AB We present a compact, robust, solid-state blue-light (490-nm) source capable of greater than 5 mW of output in a TEM00 mode. This device is an optically pumped, vertical external-cavity surface-emitting laser with an intracavity frequency-doubling crystal.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Raymond, TD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 9
TC 76
Z9 78
U1 0
U2 9
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 24
IS 16
BP 1127
EP 1129
DI 10.1364/OL.24.001127
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 227JB
UT WOS:000082076400015
PM 18073961
ER
PT J
AU Relle, S
Grant, SB
Tsouris, C
AF Relle, S
Grant, SB
Tsouris, C
TI Diffusional coagulation of superparamagnetic particles in the presence
of an external magnetic field
SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE diffusion limited coagulation; colloidal magnetic particle coagulation;
dynamic scaling; cluster size distributions; superparamagnetic
particles; single cluster detection
ID COLLOIDAL AGGREGATION; MICROSPHERES; FLOCCULATION; KINETICS
AB In this paper, we investigate the diffusional coagulation of colloidal superparamagnetic (SP) latex particles that are under the influence of an external magnetic field. The cluster size distributions (CSDs) that evolve with time were determined using an optical set-up that permits the direct visualization of particle clusters. Following the dynamic scaling analysis of van Dongen and Ernst (Phys. Rev. Lett. 54 (1985) 1396), we find that the CSDs all collapse onto a master curve when properly scaled. The bell-shape of this master curve indicates that lame clusters preferentially scavenge small clusters in our system. From the time evolution of the average cluster size we infer that the reactivity between large clusters diminishes with increasing cluster size. These results are consistent with a simple mathematical formulation of the coagulation rate constant, or kernel, for the Brownian coagulation of magnetic particles. Moreover, our results support a growing body of evidence that the dynamic scaling theory developed by van Dongen and Ernst is a useful framework with which to study the microscale processes governing particle coagulation. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Grant, SB (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
EM sbgrant@uci.edu
RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016; Grant, Stanley/K-8179-2016
OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027; Grant, Stanley/0000-0001-6221-7211
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-4371
J9 PHYSICA A
JI Physica A
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 270
IS 3-4
BP 427
EP 443
DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(99)00100-4
PG 17
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 232NA
UT WOS:000082375800007
ER
PT J
AU Sigalas, MM
Biswas, R
Ho, KM
Soukoulis, CM
Crouch, DD
AF Sigalas, MM
Biswas, R
Ho, KM
Soukoulis, CM
Crouch, DD
TI Waveguides in three-dimensional metallic photonic band-gap materials
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID STOP BANDS; CRYSTALS
AB We theoretically investigate waveguide structures in three-dimensional metallic photonic band-gap (MPBG) materials. The MPBG materials used in this study consist of a three-dimensional mesh of metallic wires embedded in a dielectric. An L-shaped waveguide is created by removing part of the metallic wires. Using finite difference time domain simulations, we found that an 85% transmission efficiency can be achieved through the 90 degrees bend with just three unit cell thickness MPBG structures. [S0163-1829(99)13831-1].
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Raytheon Corp, Adv Electromagnet Technol Ctr, Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91729 USA.
RP Sigalas, MM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008
NR 18
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 7
BP 4426
EP 4429
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.4426
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 230FQ
UT WOS:000082241500009
ER
PT J
AU Jones, ED
Modine, NA
Allerman, AA
Kurtz, SR
Wright, AF
Tozer, ST
Wei, X
AF Jones, ED
Modine, NA
Allerman, AA
Kurtz, SR
Wright, AF
Tozer, ST
Wei, X
TI Band structure of InxGa1-xAs1-yNy alloys and effects of pressure
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVELENGTH SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE
BASIS-SET; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GAASN ALLOYS;
GAINNAS; GAP; LUMINESCENCE; PERFORMANCE
AB InxGa1-xAs1-yNy is a semiconductor alloy system with the remarkable property that the inclusion of only 2% nitrogen reduces the band gap by more than 30%. In order to help understand the physical origin of this extreme deviation from the typically observed nearly linear dependence of alloy properties on concentration, we have investigated the pressure dependence of the excited state energies using both experimental and theoretical methods. We report measurements of the low-temperature photoluminescence of the material for pressures between ambient and 110 kbar. We also describe a density-functional-theory-based approach to calculating the pressure dependence of low lying excitation energies for low-concentration alloys. The theoretically predicted pressure dependence of the band gap is in excellent agreement with the experimental data. Based on the results of our calculations, we suggest an explanation for the strongly nonlinear pressure dependence of the band gap that, surprisingly, does not involve a nitrogen impurity band. [S0163-1829(99)03731-5].
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL USA.
RP Jones, ED (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 31
TC 182
Z9 185
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 7
BP 4430
EP 4433
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.4430
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 230FQ
UT WOS:000082241500010
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, SB
AF Zhang, SB
TI Defect metastability in surfaces: A study of EL2 defect in GaAs(110)
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ARSENIC ANTISITE DEFECTS; GAAS; BULK
AB Although it has been widely accepted that EL2 in GaAs is an As antisite, the identity of the metastable state of EL2 (=EL2*) has not been confirmed by experiment. Here it is suggested that cross-sectional scanning tunneling microscopy may be used to identify EL2*. My suggestion is based on a comprehensive first-principles total energy study of surface defect metastability. It reveals rich structures of the EL2* near the surface. The energy difference between EL2* and EL2 can be reduced to only a tenth of that bulk due to interaction with relaxed surface atoms. [S0163-1829(99)11127-5].
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Zhang, SB (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013
OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860
NR 15
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 7
BP 4462
EP 4465
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.4462
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 230FQ
UT WOS:000082241500018
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, XG
Nicholson, DMC
AF Zhang, XG
Nicholson, DMC
TI Generalized local-density approximation for spherical potentials
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY
AB An alternative density functional for the spherical approximation of cell potentials is formulated. It relies on overlapping atomic spheres for the calculation of the kinetic energy, similar to the atomic sphere approximation (ASA), however, a shape correction is used that has the same form as the interstitial treatment in the nonoverlapping muffin-tin (MT) approach. The intersite Coulomb energy is evaluated using the Madelung energy as computed in the MT approach, while the on-site Coulomb energy is calculated using the ASA. The Kohn-Sham equations for the functional are then solved self-consistently. The ASA is known to give poor elastic constants and good point defect energies. Conversely the MT approach gives good elastic constants and poor point defect energies. The proposed new functional maintains the simplicity of the spherical potentials found in the ASA and MT approaches, but gives good values for both elastic constants and point defects. This solution avoids a problem, absent in the ASA but suffered by the MT approximation, of incorrect distribution of site charges when charge transfer is large. Relaxation of atomic positions is thus facilitated. Calculations confirm that the approach gives similar elastic constants to the MT approximation, and defect formation energies similar to those obtained with ASA. [S0163-1829(99)09631-9].
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Phys & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Phys & Engn Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 14
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 7
BP 4551
EP 4557
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.4551
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 230FQ
UT WOS:000082241500040
ER
PT J
AU Tyson, TA
Qian, Q
Kao, CC
Rueff, JP
de Groot, FMF
Croft, M
Cheong, SW
Greenblatt, M
Subramanian, MA
AF Tyson, TA
Qian, Q
Kao, CC
Rueff, JP
de Groot, FMF
Croft, M
Cheong, SW
Greenblatt, M
Subramanian, MA
TI Valence state of Mn in Ca-doped LaMnO3 studied by high-resolution Mn
K-beta emission spectroscopy
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE;
LA1-XCAXMNO3; LA1-XSRXMNO3; TRANSITION; TEMPERATURE; SYSTEM; OXIDE;
FILMS
AB Mn K-beta x-ray emission spectra provide a direct method to probe the effective spin state and charge density on the Mn atom and is used in an experimental study of a class of Mn oxides. Specifically, the Mn K-beta line positions and detailed spectral shapes depend on the oxidation and the spin state of the Mn sites as well as the degree of d covalency/itinerancy. Theoretical calculations including atomic charge and multiplet effects, as well as crystal-field splittings and covalency effects, are used as a guide to the experimental results. Direct comparison of the ionic system MnF2 and the covalent system MnO reveals significant changes due to the degree of covalency of Mn within atomic-type Mn K-beta simulations. Moreover, comparisons of measurement with calculations support the assumed high spin state of Mn in all of the systems studied. The detailed shape and energy shift of the spectra for the perovskite compounds, LaMnO3 and CaMnO3, are, respectively, found to be very similar to the covalent Mn3+-Mn2O3 and Mn4+-MnO2 compounds thereby supporting the identical Mn-state assignments. Comparison to the theoretical modeling emphasizes the strong covalency in these materials. Detailed Mn K-beta x-ray emission results on the La1-xCaxMnO3 system can be well fit by linear superpositions of the end member spectra, consistent with a mixed-valent character for the intermediate compositions. However, an arrested Mn-valence response to the doping in the x<0.3 range is found. No evidence for Mn2+ is observed at any x values seemingly ruling out proposals regarding Mn3+ disproportionation. [S0163-1829(99)02231-6].
C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Univ Groningen, Ctr Mat Sci, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
AT&T Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
DuPont Co Inc, Cent Res & Dev, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA.
RP New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
RI de Groot, Frank/A-1918-2009; Rueff, Jean-Pascal/D-8938-2016
OI Rueff, Jean-Pascal/0000-0003-3594-918X
NR 46
TC 52
Z9 53
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 7
BP 4665
EP 4674
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.4665
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 230FQ
UT WOS:000082241500055
ER
PT J
AU Kner, P
Bar-Ad, S
Marquezini, MV
Chemla, DS
Lovenich, R
Schafer, W
AF Kner, P
Bar-Ad, S
Marquezini, MV
Chemla, DS
Lovenich, R
Schafer, W
TI Effect of magnetoexciton correlations on the coherent emission of
semiconductors
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID GAAS QUANTUM-WELLS; NONLINEAR-OPTICAL-RESPONSE; EXCITON-EXCITON
CORRELATIONS; FREE-INDUCTION DECAY; POLARIZATION DEPENDENCE;
4-WAVE-MIXING SIGNALS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; 2-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOEXCITONS;
CONTINUUM STATES; BLOCH EQUATIONS
AB Mean-field, Hartree-Fock theory has been successful in explaining many nonlinear optical experiments in semiconductors. But recently experiments have shown important cases where the mean-field theory (the semiconductor Bloch equations) fails. One such case is bulk GaAs in a strong magnetic field. Here the exciton-exciton interaction can be tuned by varying the magnetic field, providing an excellent method for studying the transition from a regime where mean-field theory is valid to a regime where exciton-exciton correlations must be taken into account. We perform ultrafast time-resolved four-wave mixing on bulk GaAs in a magnetic field, and compare our experimental results with theoretical calculations which go beyond Hartree-Fock theory. We find excellent qualitative agreement. Furthermore, because of the strong correlations that are present, GaAs in a magnetic field presents an excellent opportunity to study the exciton-exciton correlations themselves. We investigate the coherence of the exciton-exciton correlations as the temperature and free-carrier density are varied, and find a surprising sensitivity of the exciton-exciton correlation coherence to these parameters. [S0163-1829(99)02331-0].
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Forschungszentrum Julich, John von Neumann Inst Comp, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 66
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 7
BP 4731
EP 4748
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.4731
PG 18
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 230FQ
UT WOS:000082241500064
ER
PT J
AU Cheong, HM
Zhang, Y
Norman, AG
Perkins, JD
Mascarenhas, A
Cheng, KY
Hsieh, KC
AF Cheong, HM
Zhang, Y
Norman, AG
Perkins, JD
Mascarenhas, A
Cheng, KY
Hsieh, KC
TI Resonance Raman scattering studies of composition-modulated GaP/InP
short-period superlattices
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID LATERAL COMPOSITION MODULATION; LAYER ORDERING PROCESS; ALLOYS
AB Resonance Raman scattering and electroreflection measurements on laterally composition modulated GaP/InP short-period superlattices are presented. The electroreflectance spectra give the fundamental band-gap energy of the lateral superlattice at 1.69+/-0.05 eV, which is about 210 meV lower than the band-gap energy of a GaInP random alloy with the same overall composition. In resonance Raman spectra measured with the polarization of both excitation and scattered photons along the composition modulation direction, the GaP-like longitudinal optical phonon redshifts by 4.0+/-0.5 cm(-1) near the resonance with the fundamental energy gap. A comparison of the experimental data with a model calculation gives the average In composition in the In-rich region as 0.70+/-0.02, and the average Ga composition in the Ga-rich region as 0.68+/-0.02. [S0163-1829(99)04531-2].
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Cheong, HM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Norman, Andrew/F-1859-2010; Cheong, Hyeonsik/D-7424-2012
OI Norman, Andrew/0000-0001-6368-521X; Cheong, Hyeonsik/0000-0002-2347-4044
NR 21
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 7
BP 4883
EP 4888
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.4883
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 230FQ
UT WOS:000082241500084
ER
PT J
AU Feibelman, PJ
AF Feibelman, PJ
TI Self-diffusion along step bottoms on Pt(111)
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ABINITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET;
ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; SURFACES; METALS;
MORPHOLOGY; TRANSITION; PT/PT(111)
AB First-principles total energies of periodic vicinals are used to estimate barriers for Pt-adatom diffusion along straight and kinked steps on Pt(111), and around a corner where straight steps intersect. In all cases studied, hopping diffusion has a lower barrier than concerted substitution. In conflict with simulations of dendritic Pt island formation on Pt(111), hopping from a corner site to a step whose riser is a (111) microfacet is predicted to be more facile than to one whose riser is a (100). [S0163-1829(99)05331-X].
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Feibelman, PJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 42
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 7
BP 4972
EP 4981
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.4972
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 230FQ
UT WOS:000082241500096
ER
PT J
AU Chao, KJ
Zhang, ZY
Ebert, P
Shih, CK
AF Chao, KJ
Zhang, ZY
Ebert, P
Shih, CK
TI Substrate effects on the formation of flat Ag films on (110) surfaces of
III-V compound semiconductors
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID GAAS(110)
AB Ag films grown at 135 K on (110) surfaces of III-V compound semiconductors and annealed at room temperature are investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy and low-energy electron diffraction. Ag films on Ga-V semiconductors are well ordered, atomically hat, and exhibit a specific critical thickness, which is a function of the substrate material. Films grown on In-V semiconductors are still rather flat, but significantly more disordered. The (111) oriented Ag films on III-arsenides and III-phosphides exhibit a clear twofold superstructure. Films on m-antimonides exhibit threefold low-energy electron diffraction images. The morphology of the Ag films can be explained on the basis of the electronic growth mechanism. [S0163-1829(99)10831-2].
C1 Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
RP Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
OI Ebert, Ph./0000-0002-2022-2378
NR 13
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 7
BP 4988
EP 4991
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.4988
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 230FQ
UT WOS:000082241500098
ER
PT J
AU Mahan, GD
Woods, LM
AF Mahan, GD
Woods, LM
TI Phonon-modulated electron-electron interactions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID TIGHT-BINDING; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; CONDUCTIVITY; METALS
AB The phonon modulation of electron-electron interactions are calculated for solids described by tight-binding models. In some cases the interaction can be larger than the usual electron-phonon effects. [S0163-1829(99)00828-0].
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Mahan, GD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
NR 9
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8
BP 5276
EP 5281
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.5276
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 234HL
UT WOS:000082478600031
ER
PT J
AU Kang, JS
Olson, CG
Hedo, M
Inada, Y
Yamamoto, E
Haga, Y
Onuki, Y
Kwon, SK
Min, BI
AF Kang, JS
Olson, CG
Hedo, M
Inada, Y
Yamamoto, E
Haga, Y
Onuki, Y
Kwon, SK
Min, BI
TI Photoemission study of an f-electron superconductor: CeRu2
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID 4F ELECTRONS; SPECTRA; CE; HYBRIDIZATION; TRANSITION; CHARACTER;
TRANSPORT; PHASE; PR
AB Photoemission study has been performed for a high-quality single crystal of CeRu2, including resonant photoemission near the Ce 4d-->4f absorption edge and high-resolution photoemission at a low-photon energy. Resonant photoemission study provides evidence for the large hybridization between Ce 4f and conduction electrons, indicating mixed-valence in CeRu2. It is found that the line shape of the high-resolution spectrum near the Fermi level depends on the experimental conditions and the sample surface treatment. Comparison of photoemission data to the calculated density of states reveals that band calculations provide a reasonably good description of the electronic structure of CeRu2. [S0163-1829(99)01831-7].
C1 Catholic Univ Korea, Dept Phys, Puchon 422743, South Korea.
Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan.
Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Advance Sci Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 31911, Japan.
Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
RP Kang, JS (reprint author), Catholic Univ Korea, Dept Phys, Puchon 422743, South Korea.
NR 30
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8
BP 5348
EP 5353
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.5348
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 234HL
UT WOS:000082478600041
ER
PT J
AU Wei, SH
Zunger, A
AF Wei, SH
Zunger, A
TI Predicted band-gap pressure coefficients of all diamond and zinc-blende
semiconductors: Chemical trends
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ABSOLUTE DEFORMATION POTENTIALS; III-V; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES;
QUANTUM-WELLS; BULK MODULI; DEPENDENCE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; ALLOYS; GAAS;
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
AB We have studied systematically the chemical trends of the band-gap pressure coefficients of all group IV, m-V, and Il-VI semiconductors using first-principles band-structure method. We have also calculated the individual "absolute" deformation potentials of the valence-band maximum (VBM) and conduction-band minimum (CBM). We find that (I) the volume deformation potentials of the Gamma(6c) CBM are usually large and always negative, while (2) the volume deformation potentials of the Gamma(8 nu) VBM state are usually small and negative for compounds containing occupied valence d state but positive for compounds without occupied valence d orbitals. Regarding the chemical trends of the band-gap pressure coefficients, we find that (3) a(p)(Gamma-Gamma) decreases as the ionicity increases (e.g., from Ge --> GaAs --> ZnSe), (4) a(p)(Gamma-Gamma) increases significantly as anion atomic number increases (e.g., from GaN --> GaP --> GaAs --> GaSb), (5) a(p)(Gamma-Gamma) decreases slightly as cation atomic number increases (e.g., from AlAs --> GaAs --> InAs), (6) the variation of a(p)(Gamma-L) are relatively small and follow similar trends as a(p)(Gamma-Gamma), and (7) the magnitude of a(p)(Gamma-chi), small and usually negative, but are sometimes slightly positive for compounds containing first-row elements. Our calculated chemical trends are explained in terms of the energy levels of the atomic valence orbitals and coupling between these orbital. In light of the above, we suggest that "empirical rule" of the pressure coefficients should be modified. [S0163-1829(99)00532-9].
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013
NR 48
TC 340
Z9 354
U1 5
U2 56
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8
BP 5404
EP 5411
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.5404
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 234HL
UT WOS:000082478600048
ER
PT J
AU Wang, LW
Wei, SH
Mattila, T
Zunger, A
Vurgaftman, I
Meyer, JR
AF Wang, LW
Wei, SH
Mattila, T
Zunger, A
Vurgaftman, I
Meyer, JR
TI Multiband coupling and electronic structure of (InAs)(n)/(GaSb)(n)
superlattices
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID DOT-P METHOD; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; BAND OFFSETS; QUANTUM DOTS; INAS/GASB
SUPERLATTICES; SUPER-LATTICES; COMMON-ATOM; HETEROSTRUCTURES;
INAS/GA1-XINXSB; ANISOTROPY
AB The electronic structure of abrupt (InAs)(n)/(GaSb)(n) superlattices is calculated using a plane wave pseudopotential method and the more approximate eight band k.p method. The k.p parameters are extracted from the pseudopotential band structures of the zinc-blende constituents near the Gamma point. We find, in general, good agreement between pseudopotencial results and k.p results, except as follows. (1) The eight band k.p significantly underestimates the electron confinement energies for n less than or equal to 20. (2) While the pseudopotential calculation exhibits (a) a zone center electron-heavy hole coupling manifested by band anticrossing at n=28, and (b) a light hole-heavy hole coupling and anticrossing around n=13, these features are absent in the kp model. (3) As k.p misses atomistic features, it does not distinguish the C-2v symmetry of a superlattice with no-common-atom such as InAs/GaSb from the D-2d symmetry of a superlattice that has a common atom, e.g., InAs/GaAs. Consequently, kp lacks the strong in-plane polarization anisotropy of the interband transition evident in the pseudopotential calculation. Since the pseudopotential band gap is larger than the k.p values, and most experimental band gaps are even smaller than the k.p band gap, we conclude that to understand the experimental results one must consider physical mechanisms beyond what is included here (e.g., interdiffusing, rough interfaces, and internal electric fields), rather than readjust the kp parameters. [S0163-1829(99)07531-1].
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Wang, LW (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013
NR 43
TC 56
Z9 57
U1 5
U2 17
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8
BP 5590
EP 5596
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.5590
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 234HL
UT WOS:000082478600069
ER
PT J
AU de Abajo, FJG
AF de Abajo, FJG
TI Multiple scattering of radiation in clusters of dielectrics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID AUGER-ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; PHOTONIC BAND-STRUCTURE; ENERGY-LOSS;
PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; HETEROGENEOUS SYSTEMS; CHARGED-PARTICLES;
QUASI-CRYSTALS; MEDIA; PROPAGATION; SPHERES
AB A fast, accurate, and general technique for solving Maxwell's equations in the presence of a finite cluster of arbitrarily disposed dielectric objects is presented. The electromagnetic field is first decomposed into multipoles with respect to centers close to each of the objects of the cluster and multiple scattering is carried out until convergence is achieved. Radiation scattering cross sections are obtained using this method for clusters formed by homogeneous spheres and coated spheres made of different materials (Al, Si, and SiO2), including magnetic ones. Near- and far-field distributions are offered as well. [S0163-1829(99)00531-7].
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Fac Informat, Dept CCIA, Donostia Int Phys Ctr, San Sebastian, Spain.
UPV, EHU, CSIC, Ctr Mixto, San Sebastian, Spain.
RP de Abajo, FJG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Garcia de Abajo, Javier/A-6095-2009; DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS
CTR., DIPC/C-3171-2014
OI Garcia de Abajo, Javier/0000-0002-4970-4565;
NR 56
TC 87
Z9 87
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8
BP 6086
EP 6102
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.6086
PG 17
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 234HL
UT WOS:000082478600126
ER
PT J
AU de Abajo, FJG
AF de Abajo, FJG
TI Relativistic description of valence energy losses in the interaction of
fast electrons with clusters of dielectrics: Multiple-scattering
approach
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID LOSS SPECTRA; HETEROGENEOUS SYSTEMS; CHARGED-PARTICLES; SURFACE;
SPHERES; EXCITATIONS; MICROSCOPY; BEAMS; MEDIA; COMPOSITE
AB A fully relativistic description of valence energy losses suffered by fast electrons passing near finite clusters of arbitrarily disposed dielectric objects is presented using an accurate technique suited to solve Maxwell's equations. The method is based upon an expansion of the electromagnetic field in terms of multipoles around each of the objects of the cluster. Multiple elastic scattering of those multipole expansions is then performed until convergence is achieved. The energy loss, obtained from the induced electric field acting back on the electron, is computed in a time proportional to the square of the number of objects in the cluster, N-2. Numerical examples are presented for various clusters formed by N = 1-198 homogeneous spheres made of SiO2 and Al, and also for clusters of Si spheres coated with SiO2. Both relativistic effects and the interaction between the constituents of the cluster are shown to be of primary importance in the understanding of the position and magnitude of the features exhibited by the calculated electron-energy-loss spectra. [S0163-1829(99)00631-1].
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Fac Informat, Dept CCIA, Donostia Int Phys Ctr, San Sebastian, Spain.
UPV, EHU, CSIC, Ctr Mixto, San Sebastian, Spain.
RP de Abajo, FJG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Garcia de Abajo, Javier/A-6095-2009; DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS
CTR., DIPC/C-3171-2014
OI Garcia de Abajo, Javier/0000-0002-4970-4565;
NR 46
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8
BP 6103
EP 6112
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.6103
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 234HL
UT WOS:000082478600127
ER
PT J
AU Chirita, M
Sooryakumar, R
Xia, H
Monteiro, OR
Brown, IG
AF Chirita, M
Sooryakumar, R
Xia, H
Monteiro, OR
Brown, IG
TI Observation of guided longitudinal acoustic modes in hard supported
layers
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; FILMS; SILICON
AB We report experimental as well as theoretical evidence for the occurrence of a high-frequency acoustic excitation, identified as a longitudinal guided mode, in elastically hard films supported on a soft substrate. While existence criteria related to the transverse and longitudinal sound Velocities in the film and substrate argue for strong decay channels into the substrate, the excitation is evident as a clear peak in the Brillouin light scattering spectra. A Green's function formalism accounts for the existence of this excitation and provides insight into its properties as illustrated for diamond-like-carbon layers deposited on silicon. [S0163-1829(99)50832-1].
C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Xia, H (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
NR 20
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8
BP R5153
EP R5156
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.R5153
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 234HL
UT WOS:000082478600016
ER
PT J
AU Pizzagalli, L
Catellani, A
Galli, G
Gygi, F
Baratoff, A
AF Pizzagalli, L
Catellani, A
Galli, G
Gygi, F
Baratoff, A
TI Theoretical study of the (3x2) reconstruction of beta-SiC(001)
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION; 3C-SIC(001) SURFACES; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; GROWTH
AB By means of ab initio molecular dynamics and band-stricture calculations, as well as using calculated scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images, we have singled out one structural model for the (3 x 2) reconstruction of the Si-terminated (001) surface of cubic SiC, among several proposed in the literature. This is an alternate dimer-row model, with an excess Si coverage of 1/3, yielding STM images in good accord with recent measurements. [S0163-1829(99)51232-0].
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Univ Basel, Dept Phys & Astron, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
CNR, MASPEC, I-43010 Parma, Italy.
RP Pizzagalli, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM pizza@llnl.gov
RI Pizzagalli, Laurent/A-1445-2013
NR 32
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8
BP R5129
EP R5132
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.R5129
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 234HL
UT WOS:000082478600010
ER
PT J
AU Wright, AF
AF Wright, AF
TI Influence of crystal structure on the lattice sites and formation
energies of hydrogen in wurtzite and zinc-blende GaN
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID N-TYPE; DEFECTS
AB Charge-state calculations based on density-functional theory are used to study the formation energy of hydrogen in wurtzite and zinc-blende GaN as a function of Fermi level. Comparison of these results reveals notable differences including a 0.56 eV lower formation energy for H-2 in wurtzite, and different configurations for H-2 and H- in the two crystal structures. Furthermore, H+ is found to be equally stable at bond-centered and antibonding sites in wurtzite, whereas it is unstable at a bond-centered site in zinc blende. N-H+ stretch-mode vibration frequencies, clustering of H+ in p-type material, and diffusion barriers for H- are investigated in wurtzite GaN. A diffusion barrier of 1.6 eV is found for H- in wurtzite GaN, significantly lower than a previous estimate, and a tendency for H+ clustering in p-type material is found. [S0163-1 829(99)50432-3].
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 23
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8
BP R5101
EP R5104
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.R5101
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 234HL
UT WOS:000082478600003
ER
PT J
AU Appelquist, T
Cohen, AG
Schmaltz, M
AF Appelquist, T
Cohen, AG
Schmaltz, M
TI A new constraint on strongly coupled field theories
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID CHIRAL PHASE-TRANSITION; ABELIAN GAUGE-THEORIES; C-THEOREM;
SUPERSYMMETRIC SP(N-C); 4 DIMENSIONS; DUALITY; CONFINEMENT
AB We propose a new constraint on the structure of strongly coupled, asymptotically free field theories. The constraint takes the form of an inequality limiting the number of degrees of freedom in the infrared description of a theory relative to the number of underlying, ultraviolet degrees of freedom. We apply the inequality to a variety of theories (both supersymmetric and nonsupersymmetric), where it agrees with all known results and leads to interesting new constraints on low energy spectra. We discuss the relation of this constraint to renormalization group c theorems. [S0556-2821(99)02416-9].
C1 Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
EM thomas.appelquist@yale.edu; cohen@bu.eru; schmaltz@slac.stanford.edu
NR 34
TC 127
Z9 127
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 4
AR 045003
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.60.045003
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 227ZQ
UT WOS:000082110400025
ER
PT J
AU Csaki, C
Russo, J
Sfetsos, K
Terning, J
AF Csaki, C
Russo, J
Sfetsos, K
Terning, J
TI Supergravity models for (3+1)-dimensional QCD
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID STRING THEORY; GLUEBALLS
AB The most general black M5-brane solution of eleven-dimensional supergravity (with a flat R-4 spacetime in the brane and a regular horizon) is characterized by charge, mass and two angular momenta. We use this metric to construct general dual models of large-N QCD (at strong coupling) that depend on two free parameters. The mass spectrum of scalar particles is determined analytically (in the WKB approximation) and numerically in the whole two-dimensional parameter space. We compare the mass spectrum with analogous results from lattice calculations, and find that the supergravity predictions are close to the lattice results everywhere on the two dimensional parameter space except along a special line. We also examine the mass spectrum of the supergravity Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes and find that the KK modes along the compact D-brane coordinate decouple from the spectrum for large angular momenta. There are however KK modes charged under a U(1) X U(1) global symmetry which do not decouple anywhere on the parameter space. General formulas for the string tension and action are also given. [S0556-2821(99)00116-2].
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
RP Csaki, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ccsaki@lbl.gov; russo@df.uba.ar; sfetsos@mail.cern.ch;
terning@alvin.lbl.gov
NR 24
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
EI 1550-2368
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 4
AR 044001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.60.044001
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 227ZQ
UT WOS:000082110400009
ER
PT J
AU Cruz, LR
Kazmerski, LL
Moutinho, HR
Hasoon, F
Dhere, RG
de Avillez, R
AF Cruz, LR
Kazmerski, LL
Moutinho, HR
Hasoon, F
Dhere, RG
de Avillez, R
TI The influence of post-deposition treatment on the physical properties of
CdTe films deposited by stacked elemental layer processing
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Article
DE CdTe; solar cells; CdCl2 treatment; characterisation
ID SOLAR-CELLS; THIN-FILMS
AB Cadmium telluride thin films have been deposited on glass and glass/SnO2/CdS substrates using the stacked elemental layer (SEL) technique. After the films were deposited, they were subjected to the conventional heat treatment in the presence of a CdCl2/methanol solution. The samples were analyzed, before and after treatment, by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, cathodoluminescence and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The results suggest that the treatment promotes grain growth, decreases defect concentration, and gives rise to the formation of a CdTe1-xSx solid solution, which replaces the CdTe original layer. The existence of this solid solution was evidenced by a reduction in the lattice parameter relative to untreated samples and confirmed by EDS analysis of treated and untreated glass/SnO2/CdS/CdTe structures. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Inst Militar Engn, BR-22290270 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, BR-22543900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
RP Cruz, LR (reprint author), Inst Militar Engn, Praca Gen Tiburcio 80, BR-22290270 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
RI de Avillez, Roberto/A-2592-2010
OI de Avillez, Roberto/0000-0002-2192-1082
NR 10
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 350
IS 1-2
BP 44
EP 48
DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(99)00227-8
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 226MH
UT WOS:000082023400008
ER
PT J
AU Kwok, ESC
Buchholz, BA
Vogel, JS
Turteltaub, KW
Eastmond, DA
AF Kwok, ESC
Buchholz, BA
Vogel, JS
Turteltaub, KW
Eastmond, DA
TI Dose-dependent binding of ortho-phenylphenol to protein but not DNA in
the urinary bladder of male F344 rats
SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ortho-phenylphenol (OPP); fungicide; disinfectant; protein adduct; DNA
adduct; rat; accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS); pesticide
ID SODIUM ORTHO-PHENYLPHENATE; ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ACUTE
MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; O-PHENYLPHENOL; CARCINOGENESIS; PHENYLHYDROQUINONE;
INDUCTION; CYTOTOXICITY; METABOLITES; INHIBITION
AB ortho-Phenvlphenol (OPP) is a widely used fungicide and antibacterial agent that is also known to be highly effective in inducing bladder tumors in male F344 rats. At present, neither the role of the urinary bladder in the bioactivation of OPP metabolites nor the nature of the molecular target is understood. To address these issues, we investigated the relationship between OPP dosage and macromolecular adduct formation in the urinary bladder of male F344 rats. Male F344 rats were treated with 0, 15, 50, 125, 250, 500, 1000 mg/kg of OPP and its radiocarbon analogue via oral gavage. The dosed rats were euthanized after 24 h, and the proteins were extracted from the liver, kidney, and bladder. The amount of radioactivity associated with the extracted protein was quantified using highly sensitive accelerator mass spectrometry. Protein binding in liver and kidney exhibited a linear or modest curvilinear relationship over the dose range studied. In the urinary bladder, however, a pronounced non-linear relationship between protein adduct levels and administered dose was observed. The measured protein adduct levels were in agreement with the predicted concentrations of phenylbenzoquinone based on a proposed mechanism involving free phenylhydroquinone autoxidation in the urine. Unlike protein binding, DNA adducts measured from the same bladder samples did not show a significant difference from the control group. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that OPP is an indirect acting carcinogen, and that regenerative hyperplasia due to OPP-metabolite cytotoxicity and/or binding of OPP metabolites to protein targets may play an important role in OPP-induced bladder carcinogenesis. (C) 1999 Academic Press.
C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Environm Toxicol Program, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Kwok, ESC (reprint author), SSD, CalEPA Air Resources Board, 2020 L St, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA.
RI Buchholz, Bruce/G-1356-2011
NR 44
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0041-008X
J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM
JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
PD AUG 15
PY 1999
VL 159
IS 1
BP 18
EP 24
DI 10.1006/taap.1999.8722
PG 7
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 230RV
UT WOS:000082264900003
PM 10448121
ER
PT J
AU Valdes, H
Rayon, VM
Sordo, JA
AF Valdes, H
Rayon, VM
Sordo, JA
TI On the violation of Legon-Millen's rules for predicting angular
geometries of hydrogen-bonded dimers: an ab initio study
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DER-WAALS COMPLEXES; CENTER-DOT-HCL; ROTATIONAL SPECTRUM;
CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; ELECTRON-DONOR; GAS-PHASE; CLF; PROGRAM; FURAN;
BORON
AB The potential energy surfaces of furan ... HCl, furan ... ClF, thiophene ... HCl, and thiophene ... ClF complexes were extensively explored at the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ level. QCISD(T)/aug-cc-pVDZ//MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ calculations were carried out to improve the energy estimates. Ab initio calculations confirm that, as demonstrated by recent experimental work, there are exceptions to the third Legon-Millen's :rule for predicting angular geometries of hydrogen-bonded dimers. Besides electrostatic considerations, charge transfer contributions may play an important role in determining the experimentally observed geometry of the furan ... ClF complex. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Oviedo, Fac Quim, Dept Quim Fis & Analit, Lab Quim Computac, E-33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Sordo, JA (reprint author), Univ Oviedo, Fac Quim, Dept Quim Fis & Analit, Lab Quim Computac, Julian Claveria 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
EM jasg@dwarfl.quimica.uniovi.es
RI Valdes, Haydee/D-8612-2013
NR 35
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2614
EI 1873-4448
J9 CHEM PHYS LETT
JI Chem. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 13
PY 1999
VL 309
IS 3-4
BP 265
EP 273
DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(99)00687-9
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 227YH
UT WOS:000082107200019
ER
PT J
AU Stephenson, SA
Verity, K
Ashworth, LK
Clements, JA
AF Stephenson, SA
Verity, K
Ashworth, LK
Clements, JA
TI Localization of a new prostate-specific antigen-related serine protease
gene, KLK4, is evidence for an expanded human kallikrein gene family
cluster on chromosome 19q13.3-13.4
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; CDNA; EXPRESSION; LOCUS; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION;
PROMOTER; BREAST; CANCER
AB The human tissue kallikrein (KLK) family of serine proteases, which is important in post-translational processing events, currently consists of just three genes-tissue kallikrein (KLK1), KLK2, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (KLK3)-clustered at chromosome 19q13.3-13.4. We identified an expressed sequence tag from an endometrial carcinoma cDNA library with 50% identity to the three known KLK genes. Primers designed to putative exon 2 and exon 3 regions from this novel kallikrein-related sequence were used to polymerase chain reaction-screen five cosmids spanning 130 kb around the KIK locus on chromosome 19. This new gene, which we have named KLK4, is 25 kb downstream of the KLK2 gene and follows a region that includes two other putative KLK-like gene fragments KLK4 spans 5.2 kb, has an identical genomic structure-five exons and four introns-to the other KLK genes and is transcribed on the reverse strand, in the same direction as KLK1 but opposite to that of KLK2 and KLK3. It encodes a 254-amino acid prepro-serine protease that is most similar (78% identical) to pig enamel matrix serine protease but is also 37% identical to PSA. These data suggest that the human kallikrein gene family locus on chromosome 19 is larger than previously thought and also indicate a greater sequence divergence within this family compared with the highly conserved rodent kallikrein genes.
C1 Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Mol Biotechnol, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia.
Prince Henrys Inst Med Res, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Clements, JA (reprint author), Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Mol Biotechnol, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia.
RI Stephenson, Sally-Anne/I-9801-2012;
OI Stephenson, Sally-Anne/0000-0003-3227-2476; Clements,
Judith/0000-0001-6026-1964
NR 34
TC 83
Z9 86
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD AUG 13
PY 1999
VL 274
IS 33
BP 23210
EP 23214
DI 10.1074/jbc.274.33.23210
PG 5
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 226GV
UT WOS:000082012800043
PM 10438493
ER
PT J
AU Laouar, A
Glesne, D
Huberman, E
AF Laouar, A
Glesne, D
Huberman, E
TI Involvement of protein kinase C-beta and ceramide in tumor necrosis
factor-alpha-induced but not Fas-induced apoptosis of human myeloid
leukemia cells
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID NF-KAPPA-B; INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA CONVERTING-ENZYME; MEDIATED APOPTOSIS;
HL-60 CELLS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; TNF RECEPTOR-1;
CD95(FAS/APO-1)-MEDIATED APOPTOSIS; MACROPHAGE DIFFERENTIATION; INDUCED
ACTIVATION; DEPENDENT PATHWAY
AB The role of protein kinase C-beta (PKC-beta) in apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and anti-Fas monoclonal antibody (mAb) in the human myeloid HL-60 leukemia cell line was studied by using its variant HL-525, which is deficient in PKC-beta. In contrast to the parental HL-60 cells, HL-525 is resistant to TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis but sensitive to anti-Fas mAb-induced apoptosis. Both cell types expressed similar levels of the TNF-receptor I, whereas the Fas receptor was detected only in HL-525 cells. Transfecting the HL-525 cells with an expression vector containing PKC-beta reestablished their susceptibility to TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. The apoptotic effect of TNF-alpha in HL-60 and the transfectants was abrogated by fumonisin, an inhibitor of ceramide generation, and by the peptide Ac-YVAD-BoMX, an inhibitor of caspase-1 and -4. Supplementing HL-525 cells with exogenous ceramides bypassed the PKC-beta deficiency and induced apoptosis, which was also restrained by the caspase-1 and -4 inhibitor. The apoptotic effect of anti-Fas mAb in HL-525 cells was abrogated by the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and glutathione and by the peptide z-DEVD-FMK, an inhibitor of caspase-3 and -7. We suggest that TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis involves PKC-beta and then ceramide and, in turn, caspase-1 and/or -4, whereas anti-Fas mAb-induced apoptosis utilizes reactive oxygen intermediates and, in turn, caspase-3 and/or -7.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biochip Technol Ctr, Gene Express & Funct Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Huberman, E (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biochip Technol Ctr, Gene Express & Funct Grp, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 73
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD AUG 13
PY 1999
VL 274
IS 33
BP 23526
EP 23534
DI 10.1074/jbc.274.33.23526
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 226GV
UT WOS:000082012800082
PM 10438532
ER
PT J
AU Guiochon, G
AF Guiochon, G
TI On the need to retain unregulated choice of high-performance liquid
chromatography columns
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
LA English
DT Letter
DE columns
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
NR 18
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-9673
J9 J CHROMATOGR A
JI J. Chromatogr. A
PD AUG 13
PY 1999
VL 852
IS 2
BP 603
EP 605
DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00656-1
PG 3
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 230EZ
UT WOS:000082240000025
PM 10481997
ER
PT J
AU Eisenberg, D
AF Eisenberg, D
TI Structural biology - How chaperones protect virgin proteins
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE Lab Stuct Biol & Mol Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Eisenberg, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE Lab Stuct Biol & Mol Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
NR 10
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD AUG 13
PY 1999
VL 285
IS 5430
BP 1021
EP 1022
DI 10.1126/science.285.5430.1021
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 226QV
UT WOS:000082033100030
PM 10475844
ER
PT J
AU Horita, J
Berndt, ME
AF Horita, J
Berndt, ME
TI Abiogenic methane formation and isotopic fractionation under
hydrothermal conditions
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS; MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ZAMBALES
OPHIOLITE; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; OCEANIC-CRUST; SERPENTINIZATION;
REDUCTION; ORIGIN; GAS
AB Recently, methane (CH4) of possible abiogenic origin has been reported from many Localities within Earth's crust, However, little is known about the mechanisms of abiogenic methane formation, or about isotopic fractionation during such processes. Here, a hydrothermally formed nickel-iron alloy was shown to catalyze the otherwise prohibitively slow formation of abiogenic CH4 from dissolved bicarbonate (HCO3-) under hydrothermal conditions. Isotopic fractionation by the catalyst resulted in delta(13)C values of the CH4 formed that are as Low as those typically observed for microbial methane, with similarly high CH4/(C2H6 + C3H8) ratios. These results, combined with the increasing recognition of nickel-iron alloy occurrence in oceanic crusts, suggest that abiogenic methane may be more widespread than previously thought.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Dept Geol & Geophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Horita, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 49
TC 284
Z9 314
U1 10
U2 80
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD AUG 13
PY 1999
VL 285
IS 5430
BP 1055
EP 1057
DI 10.1126/science.285.5430.1055
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 226QV
UT WOS:000082033100042
ER
PT J
AU Feller, D
Dixon, DA
AF Feller, D
Dixon, DA
TI Theoretical study of the heats of formation of small silicon-containing
compounds
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR WAVE-FUNCTIONS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS;
GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; BENCHMARK CALCULATIONS; TRIPLE EXCITATIONS;
DIATOMIC HYDRIDES; FIRST-ROW; HYDROGEN; ENERGIES; ATOMS
AB Heats of formation for nine small silicon-containing molecules were obtained from large basis set ab initio calculations using coupled cluster theory with a perturbative treatment of triple excitations. After adjusting the atomization energies for the finite basis set truncation error, core/valence correlation, scalar relativistic, higher order correlation, and atomic spin-orbit effects, the theoretical and experimental 0 K values of Delta H-f values were in good agreement. Using 106.6 kcal/mol as the heat of formation of silicon, we obtain Delta H-f values of SiH = 87.7 +/- 0.4 vs 89.5 +/- 0.7 (expt); SiH2((1)A(1)) = 64.1 +/- 0.4 vs 65.5 +/- 0.7 (expt); SiH2(B-3(1)) = 85.4 +/- 0.4 vs 86.5 +/- 0.7 (expt); SiH3 = 47.3 +/- 0.5 vs 47.7 +/- 1.2 (expt); SiH3 = 8.7 +/- 0.6 vs 9.5 +/- 0.5 (expt); Si-2 = 138.8 +/- 0.3 vs 139.2 (expt); Si2H6 = 19.7 +/- 0.5 vs 20.9 +/- 0.3 (expt); SiF = -14.8 +/- 0.4 vs -5.2 +/- 3 (expt); SiF2 = -151.7 +/- 0.5 vs -140.3 +/- 3 (expt); and SiF4 = -384.5 +/- 0.9 vs -384.9 +/- 0.2 (expt). Based on the present work, we suggest a number of revisions in the interpretation of the experimental data. Although a revision in Delta H(f)degrees(Si) to 107.4 +/- 0.6 kcal/mol at 0 K leads to improved agreement between theory and experiment for the SixHy compounds, it worsens agreement for SiF4. Given the remaining uncertainties in the theoretical approach, more definitive conclusions do not appear to be warranted.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Feller, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, MS K1-96,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 58
TC 114
Z9 114
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD AUG 12
PY 1999
VL 103
IS 32
BP 6413
EP 6419
DI 10.1021/jp990596g
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 228AA
UT WOS:000082111400019
ER
PT J
AU Tse, JS
Klug, DD
Tulk, CA
Swainson, I
Svensson, EC
Loong, CK
Shpakov, V
Belosludov, VR
Belosludov, RV
Kawazoe, Y
AF Tse, JS
Klug, DD
Tulk, CA
Swainson, I
Svensson, EC
Loong, CK
Shpakov, V
Belosludov, VR
Belosludov, RV
Kawazoe, Y
TI The mechanisms for pressure-induced amorphization of ice I-h
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY AMORPHOUS WATER; X-RAY; LIQUID WATER; 1ST-ORDER TRANSITION;
ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; DIFFRACTION; INSTABILITY; SCATTERING
AB There has been considerable interest in the structure of liquid water at low temperatures and high pressure following the discovery of the high-density amorphous (HDA) phase of ice I-h (ref. 1). HDA ice forms at a pressure close to the extrapolated melting curve of ice, leading to the suggestion that it may have structure similar to that of dense water. On annealing, HDA ice transforms into a low-density amorphous (LDA) phase with a distinct phase boundary(2,3). Extrapolation of thermodynamic data along the HDA-LDA coexistence line into the liquid region has led to the hypothesis that there might exist a second critical point for water and the speculation that liquid water is mixture of two distinct structures with different densities(4,5). Here we critically examine this hypothesis. We use quasi-harmonic lattice-dynamics calculations to show that the amorphization mechanism in ice I-h changes from thermodynamic melting for T > 162 K to mechanical melting at lower temperatures. The vibrational spectra of ice I-h, LDA ice and quenched water also indicate a structure for LDA ice that differs from that of the liquid. These results call into question the validity of there being a thermodynamic connection between the amorphous and liquid phases of water.
C1 Natl Res Council Canada, Steacie Inst Mol Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Inorgan Chem, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
RP Tse, JS (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Steacie Inst Mol Sci, 100 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
EM John.Tse@NRC.CA
RI Kawazoe, Yoshiyuki/C-2998-2011; Belosludov, Rodion/A-1748-2013; Tulk,
Chris/R-6088-2016
OI Tulk, Chris/0000-0003-3400-3878
NR 24
TC 115
Z9 117
U1 6
U2 20
PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD
PI LONDON
PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD AUG 12
PY 1999
VL 400
IS 6745
BP 647
EP 649
DI 10.1038/23216
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 226QU
UT WOS:000082032900047
ER
PT J
AU West, GB
Brown, JH
Enquist, BJ
AF West, GB
Brown, JH
Enquist, BJ
TI A general model for the structure and allometry of plant vascular
systems
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDRAULIC ARCHITECTURE; ACER-SACCHARUM; WOODY-PLANTS; RESISTANCE;
SAPWOOD; BIOLOGY; TREES; FORM
AB Vascular plants vary in size by about twelve orders of magnitude, and a single individual sequoia spans nearly this entire range as it grows from a seedling to a mature tree. Size influences nearly all of the structural, functional and ecological characteristics of organisms(1,2). Here we present an integrated model for the hydrodynamics, biomechanics and branching geometry of plants, based on the application of a general theory of resource distribution through hierarchical branching networks(3) to the case of vascular plants. The model successfully predicts a fractal-like architecture and many known scaling laws, both between and within individual plants, including allometric exponents which are simple multiple of 1/4. We show-that conducting tubes must taper and, consequently, that the resistance and fluid flow per tube are independent of the total path length and plant size. This resolves the problem of resistance increasing with length, thereby allowing plants to evolve vertical architectures and explaining why the maximum height of trees is about 100 m. It also explains why the energy use of plants in ecosystems is size independent.
C1 Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Enquist, BJ (reprint author), Santa Fe Inst, 1399 Hyde Pk Rd, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA.
OI Enquist, Brian/0000-0002-6124-7096
NR 22
TC 623
Z9 701
U1 17
U2 221
PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD
PI LONDON
PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD AUG 12
PY 1999
VL 400
IS 6745
BP 664
EP 667
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 226QU
UT WOS:000082032900053
ER
PT J
AU Baboul, AG
Redfern, PC
Sutjianto, A
Curtiss, LA
AF Baboul, AG
Redfern, PC
Sutjianto, A
Curtiss, LA
TI Li+-(diglyme)(2) and LiClO4-diglyme complexes: Barriers to lithium ion
migration
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID GLYCOL DIMETHYL ETHER; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE);
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; PHASE; SIMULATIONS;
DIFFUSION; DIGLYME; GAS
AB The lithium ion migration mechanism in Li+-(diglyme)(2) and LiClO4-diglyme complexes with coordination of Li+ by 3 to 6 oxygens has been investigated using ab initio molecular orbital theory. Local minima corresponding to different coordination sites of the Li+ cation and transition states between them have been located. The Li+ binding energies of the Li+-(diglyme)2 and LiClO4-diglyme complexes range from 94 to 122 and 167 to 188 kcal/mol, respectively. The binding energies increase with increasing coordination of Lif by oxygen, although the binding per Li-O bond decreases, and structures with higher coordination of Li+ by oxygen exhibit longer Li-O bond lengths than the ones with lower coordination number. The barrier heights for n + 1 --> n coordination of the cation by oxygen decrease with increasing coordination number n, with the smallest Li+ migration barriers (7-11 kcal/mol) occurring for complexes with the highest coordination numbers. The reaction coordinate for lithium ion migration between coordination sites is the torsional motion of the diglyme backbone. The implications of these results for Li+ migration in lithium poly(ethylene oxide) melts are discussed.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Curtiss, LA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 28
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 11
PY 1999
VL 121
IS 31
BP 7220
EP 7227
DI 10.1021/ja990507d
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 227UK
UT WOS:000082098200006
ER
PT J
AU Harlan, CJ
Hascall, T
Fujita, E
Norton, JR
AF Harlan, CJ
Hascall, T
Fujita, E
Norton, JR
TI The one-electron oxidation of an azazirconacyclobutene in the presence
of B(C6F5)(3)
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERIZATION CATALYSTS; COMPLEXES; SYSTEMS;
TRIS(PENTAFLUOROPHENYL)BORANE; HALIDES; HYDRIDE; ADDUCT; LIGAND
C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Norton, JR (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RI Fujita, Etsuko/D-8814-2013
NR 28
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 11
PY 1999
VL 121
IS 31
BP 7274
EP 7275
DI 10.1021/ja984290j
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 227UK
UT WOS:000082098200017
ER
PT J
AU Bernard, D
Amiranoff, F
Leemans, WP
Esarey, E
Joshi, C
AF Bernard, D
Amiranoff, F
Leemans, WP
Esarey, E
Joshi, C
TI Alternative interpretation of Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 410 (1998) 357
(H, Dewa et al.)
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE laser wakefield acceleration; terawatt laser; high acceleration
gradient; laser propagation measurement; wakefield measurement
ID LASER WAKEFIELD ACCELERATION; INJECTED ELECTRONS; PLASMA; PULSES; WAVE;
SCATTERING; GASES; RAMAN; AIR
AB We consider a recent publication (H. Dewa et al., Nucl. Instr, and Meth. A 410 (1998) 357) of an experiment on ultra-high-energy laser wakefield acceleration of electrons, involving channeling of the laser pulse in the plasma. We find that in these experiments, channeling of the laser pulse may not have occurred and the detected electron signal may be background noise resulting from multiple electron scattering. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Ecole Polytech, LPNHE, CNRS, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
Ecole Polytech, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
Univ Paris 06, Ecole Polytech, CEA, Unite Mixte 7605 CNRS,Lab Utilisat Lasers Intense, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
RP Bernard, D (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, LPNHE, CNRS, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD AUG 11
PY 1999
VL 432
IS 2-3
BP 227
EP 231
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00483-0
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 226RL
UT WOS:000082035200004
ER
PT J
AU Smith, ES
Carstens, T
Distelbrink, J
Eckhause, M
Egiyan, H
Elouadrhiri, L
Ficenec, J
Guidal, M
Hancock, AD
Hersman, FW
Holtrop, M
Jenkins, DA
Kim, W
Loukachine, K
MacArthur, K
Marchand, C
Mecking, B
Mutchler, G
Schutt, D
Smith, LC
Smith, TP
Taylor, S
Tung, TY
Weisenberger, A
Welsh, RE
AF Smith, ES
Carstens, T
Distelbrink, J
Eckhause, M
Egiyan, H
Elouadrhiri, L
Ficenec, J
Guidal, M
Hancock, AD
Hersman, FW
Holtrop, M
Jenkins, DA
Kim, W
Loukachine, K
MacArthur, K
Marchand, C
Mecking, B
Mutchler, G
Schutt, D
Smith, LC
Smith, TP
Taylor, S
Tung, TY
Weisenberger, A
Welsh, RE
TI The time-of-flight system for CLAS
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE CLAS; time of flight; plastic scintillator; particle identification
ID SCINTILLATION-COUNTERS; DETECTOR; DELPHI
AB The time of flight system for the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility is described. The system, covering an area of 206 m(2), is composed of scintillation counters 5.08 cm thick, 15 and 22 cm wide, and lengths which vary from 32 cm at the most forward angle to 450 cm at larger angles. All of the components of the system have been designed to optimize the time resolution. Event timing, achieved by leading-edge discrimination with time-walk correction, has been measured with cosmic rays, a laser pulser, and known particle interactions. The intrinsic time resolution varies from about 80 ps for the short counters to 160 ps for the longer counters. Reconstruction of interacting particles during the first period of operation yields an average time resolution for electrons of 163 ps. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA.
Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea.
Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.
RP Smith, ES (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
NR 44
TC 78
Z9 78
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD AUG 11
PY 1999
VL 432
IS 2-3
BP 265
EP 298
DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00484-2
PG 34
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 226RL
UT WOS:000082035200008
ER
PT J
AU Cook, RE
Goretta, KC
Wolfenstine, J
Nash, P
Routbort, JL
AF Cook, RE
Goretta, KC
Wolfenstine, J
Nash, P
Routbort, JL
TI High-temperature deformation and defect chemistry of
(La1-xSrx)(1-y)MnO3+delta
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE functional ceramics; creep; high temperature; defects; La1-xSrxMnO3
ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; OXIDATION-REDUCTION BEHAVIOR; SR-DOPED LAMNO3;
DIFFUSIONAL CREEP; OXYGEN PERMEATION; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE;
MASS-TRANSPORT; PHASE-DIAGRAM; LAMNO3+/-DELTA; MODEL
AB The creep behavior of (La1-xSrx)(1-y)MnO3+delta has been studied as a function of oxygen partial pressure (P-O2) and Sr concentration. Polycrystalline samples (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) were deformed at 1523 K in constant-crosshead-speed compression tests in various atmospheres (10(-2) less than or equal to P-O2 less than or equal to 10(5) Pa). The material deformed by grain-boundary sliding accommodated by lattice diffusion with some possible cavitation and/or interface reaction control. The defect-chemistry model which is standard in the literature could not explain the dependence of the stress on P-O2 and the Sr concentration. A modified defect-chemistry model shows that cation vacancies controlled the creep rate at P-O2 less than or equal to 10(5) Pa for x = 0.3 and at low P-O2 for x = 0.1 and 0.2, and that oxygen vacancies were rate-controlling at high P-O2 for x = 0.1 and 0.2. (C) 1999 Acta Metallurgica me. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
IIT, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
RP Cook, RE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 60
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 47
IS 10
BP 2969
EP 2980
DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00160-3
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 231DW
UT WOS:000082293700011
ER
PT J
AU Bullard, JW
Searcy, AW
AF Bullard, JW
Searcy, AW
TI Equilibria and kinetics of mass transport between crystal facets: A
comparison of two models
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE theory & modeling; surface diffusion; microstructure; sintering
ID LITHIUM-FLUORIDE; PARTICLES
AB The principle of detailed balance is used to evaluate equilibrium between a crystal facet and a transport medium, and transition state theory is then used to evaluate the kinetics of transport between two facets of a particle of nonequilibrium shape. For each of two lest geometries undergoing volume-conserved shape changes, the transition state model predicts the same trajectories for detachment/attachment-limited transport as does a continuum model based on the crystalline formulation (Carter et al., Acta metall. mater., 1995, 43, 4309). Both models agree that reported rates of decay of {100} steps in LiF surfaces are not limited by diffusion, and transition state theory shows that detachment is rate limiting. The geometry of the LiF study is like that of particle compacts in that facet edges provide sites for nucleation of monolayer ledges at which attachment or detachment can occur; the two models should both be useful in interpreting sintering studies. (C) 1999 Acta Metallurgica Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Bullard, JW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
NR 27
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 47
IS 10
BP 3057
EP 3061
DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00170-6
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 231DW
UT WOS:000082293700019
ER
PT J
AU Lu, P
Loehman, RE
Ewsuk, KG
Fahrenholtz, WG
AF Lu, P
Loehman, RE
Ewsuk, KG
Fahrenholtz, WG
TI Transmission electron microscopy study of interfacial microstructure
formed by reacting Al-Mg alloy with mullite at high temperature
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Al-mullite interaction; transmission electron microscopy (TEM);
interface; microstructure; composites
ID DIRECTED OXIDATION; METAL PENETRATION; COMPOSITES; ALUMINUM; KINETICS;
AL2O3
AB Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used to study the interfacial microstructure formed by reacting Al-Mg alloy with mullite (Al(6)Si(2)O(13)) at high temperature(>900 degrees C). The TEM study was used in order to understand the strong effect of Mg addition on the nature of the reaction between Al and mullite used to form Al/Al(2)O(3) composite. After reaction at 1050 degrees C, the formation of a layered structure between the Al-1% Mg alloy and mullite was observed. An alloy layer with a much higher concentration of Mg than the starting alloy was found present next to the initial mullite surface. Between the alloy layer and mullite, a dense and continuous layer made of small MgAl(2)O(4) (spinel) and Si particles was present. The layer apparently stopped further reaction between Al-Mg alloy and mullite by preventing transport of the metals to the reaction front and the Si reaction product away from the reaction front. The microstructure resulting from the initial reaction indicated the reaction proceeded by replacing Si atoms with Al and Mg atoms on mullite {210} lattice planes and forming MgAl(2)O(4) {311} lattice planes simultaneously. (C) 1999 Acta Metallurgica Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Lu, P (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
OI Fahrenholtz, William/0000-0002-8497-0092
NR 15
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 47
IS 10
BP 3099
EP 3104
DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00176-7
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 231DW
UT WOS:000082293700023
ER
PT J
AU Gilliland, RL
Nugent, PE
Phillips, MM
AF Gilliland, RL
Nugent, PE
Phillips, MM
TI High-redshift supernovae in the Hubble Deep Field
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology : observations; methods : numerical; supernovae : general
ID STAR-FORMATION HISTORY; LIGHT-CURVE SHAPES; IA SUPERNOVAE;
SPACE-TELESCOPE; II SUPERNOVAE; GALAXIES; DISTRIBUTIONS; ULTRAVIOLET;
SIGNATURES; PHOTOMETRY
AB Two supernovae detected in the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) using the original 1995 December epoch and data from a shorter (63,000 s in F814W) 1997 December visit with HST are discussed. The supernovae (SNe) are both associated with distinct galaxies at redshifts of 0.95 (spectroscopic) from Cohen et al. and 1.32 (photometric) from the work of Fernandez-Solo, Lanzetta, & Yahil. These redshifts are near, in the case of 0.95, and well. beyond, for 1.32, the greatest distance reported previously for SNe. We show that our observations are sensitive to supernovae to z less than or similar to 1.8 in either epoch for an event near peak brightness. Detailed simulations are discussed that quantify the level at which false events from our search phase would start to arise and the completeness-of our search as a function of both SN brightness and host galaxy redshift. The number of Type Ia and Type II SNe expected as a function of redshift in the two HDF epochs are discussed in relation to several published predictions and our own detailed calculations. A mean detection frequency of one SN per epoch for the small HDF area is consistent with expectations from current theory.
C1 Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Carnegie Inst Washington, Las Campanas Obser, La Serena, Chile.
RP Gilliland, RL (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
NR 56
TC 79
Z9 79
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 521
IS 1
BP 30
EP 49
DI 10.1086/307549
PN 1
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 223YC
UT WOS:000081868300003
ER
PT J
AU Balona, LA
Kaye, AB
AF Balona, LA
Kaye, AB
TI Evidence for corotating clouds in the Be star zeta Tauri
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE line : profiles; stars : early-type; stars : emission-line, Be; stars :
individual (zeta Tauri)
ID LINE-PROFILE VARIATIONS; MODES
AB We reexamine a time series of spectroscopic data of the Be star zeta Tauri obtained by Kaye & Gies. When the difference spectra are folded with the 0.777 day period, a distinctive pattern emerges. This pattern is not the standard "barber pole" diagram expected from nonradial pulsation but is instead a pattern of two sinusoidal variations of enhanced absorption having different amplitudes. We interpret these results as additional evidence for corotating clouds, recently suggested as an explanation of the variations observed in several other Be stars and as indirect evidence for the possible presence of magnetic fields.
C1 S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 W Cape, South Africa.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Theoret & Computat Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Balona, LA (reprint author), S African Astron Observ, POB 9, ZA-7935 W Cape, South Africa.
NR 23
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 521
IS 1
BP 407
EP 413
DI 10.1086/307536
PN 1
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 223YC
UT WOS:000081868300038
ER
PT J
AU Haiman, Z
Loeb, A
AF Haiman, Z
Loeb, A
TI X-ray emission from the first quasars
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE black hole physics; cosmology : theory; quasars : general
ID HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; EVOLUTION; UNIVERSE;
DENSITY; NUCLEI
AB It is currently unknown whether the universe was reionized by quasars or stars at z greater than or similar to 5. We point out that quasars can be best distinguished from stellar systems by their X-ray emission. Based on a simple hierarchical CDM model, we predict the number counts and X-ray fluxes of quasars at high redshifts. The model is consistent with available data on the luminosity function of high-redshift quasars in the optical and soft X-ray bands. The cumulative contribution of faint, undetected quasars in our model is consistent with the unresolved fraction of the X-ray background. We find that the Chandra X-ray Observatory might detect similar to 10(2) quasars from redshifts z greater than or similar to 5 per its 17' x 17' field of view at the flux threshold of similar to 2 x 10(-16) ergs s(-1) cm(-2). The redshifts of these faint point sources could be identified by follow-up infrared observations from the ground or with the Next Generation Space Telescope.
C1 NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Haiman, Z (reprint author), NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 29
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 521
IS 1
BP L9
EP L12
DI 10.1086/312177
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 223YE
UT WOS:000081868500003
ER
PT J
AU Krueger, JK
McCrary, BS
Wang, AHJ
Shriver, JW
Trewhella, J
Edmondson, SP
AF Krueger, JK
McCrary, BS
Wang, AHJ
Shriver, JW
Trewhella, J
Edmondson, SP
TI The solution structure of the Sac7d/DNA complex: A small-angle X-ray
scattering study
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID HYPERTHERMOPHILE SULFOLOBUS-ACIDOCALDARIUS; DNA-BINDING PROTEIN;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE
AB Small-angle X-ray scattering has been used to study the structure of the multimeric complexes that form between double-stranded DNA and the archaeal chromatin protein Sac7d from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. Scattering data from complexes of Sac7d with a defined 32-mer oligonucleotide, with poly[d(GC)], and with E. coli DNA indicate that the protein binds along the surface of an extended DNA structure. Molecular models of fully saturated Sac7d/DNA complexes were constructed using constraints from crystal structure and solution binding data. Conformational space was searched systematically by varying the parameters of the models within the constrained set to find the best fits between the X-ray scattering data and simulated scattering curves. The best fits were obtained for models composed of repeating segments of B-DNA with sharp kinks at contiguous protein binding sites. The results are consistent with extrapolation of the X-ray crystal structure of a 1:1 Sac7d/octanucleotide complex [Robinson, H., et al, (1998) Nature 392, 202-205] to polymeric DNA. The DNA conformation in our multimeric Sac7d/DNA model has the base pairs tilted by about 35 degrees and displaced 3 Angstrom from the helix axis. There is a large roll between two base pairs at the protein-induced kink site, resulting in an overall bending angle of about 70 degrees for Sac7d binding, Regularly repeating bends in the fully saturated complex result in a zigzag structure with negligible compaction of DNA. The Sac7d molecules in the model form a unique structure with two left-handed helical ribbons winding around the outside of the right-handed duplex DNA.
C1 So Illinois Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Cell & Struct Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Edmondson, SP (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
RI Krueger, Joanna/A-3110-2011;
OI Trewhella, Jill/0000-0002-8555-6766
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 49686]
NR 25
TC 24
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 32
BP 10247
EP 10255
DI 10.1021/bi990782c
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 226HL
UT WOS:000082014500005
PM 10441118
ER
PT J
AU Huang, K
Ghose, R
Flanagan, JM
Prestegard, JH
AF Huang, K
Ghose, R
Flanagan, JM
Prestegard, JH
TI Backbone dynamics of the n-terminal domain in E-coli DnaJ determined by
N-15- and (CO)-C-13-relaxation measurements
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MODEL-FREE APPROACH; SHIFT RELAXATION
MECHANISMS; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; MOLECULAR CHAPERONE; ATPASE ACTIVITY;
NMR RELAXATION; LONGITUDINAL RELAXATION; CROSS-CORRELATION; STOCHASTIC
SIMULATIONS
AB The backbone dynamics of the N-terminal domain of the chaperone protein Escherichia coli DnaJ have been investigated using steady-state H-1-N-15 NOEs, N-15 T-1, T-2, and T-1 rho, relaxation times, steady-state C-13(alpha)-(CO)-C-13 NOEs, and (CO)-C-13 T-1 relaxation times. Two recombinant constructs of the N-terminal domain of DnaJ have been studied. One, DnaJ(1-78), contains the most conserved "J-domain" of DnaJ, and the other, DnaJ(1-104), includes a glycine/phenylalanine rich region ("G/F" region) in addition to the "J-domain". DnaJ(1-78) is not capable of stimulating ATP hydrolysis by DnaK, despite the fact that all currently identified sites responsible for DnaJ-DnaK interaction are located in this region. DnaJ(1-104), on the other hand, retains nearly the full ATPase stimulatory activity of full length DnaJ. Recently, a structural analysis of these two molecules was presented in an effort to elucidate the origin of their functional differences [Huang, K,, Flanagan, J. M., and Prestegard, J. H. (1999) Protein Science 8, 203-214]. Herein, an analysis of dynamic properties is presented in a similar effort. A generalized model-free approach with a full treatment of the anisotropic overall rotation of the proteins is used in the analysis of measured relaxation parameters. Our results show that internal motions on pico- to nanosecond time scales in the backbone of DnaJ(1-78) are reduced on the inclusion of the "G/F" region, while conformational exchange on micro- to millisecond time scales increases. We speculate that the enhanced flexibility of residues on the slow time scale upon the inclusion of the "G/F" region could be relevant to the ATPase stimulatory activity of DnaJ if an "induced-fit" mechanism applies to DnaJ-DnaK interactions.
C1 Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Prestegard, JH (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, 220 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R29 GM053181-05, GM 53181]
NR 60
TC 24
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 32
BP 10567
EP 10577
DI 10.1021/bi990263+
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 226HL
UT WOS:000082014500041
PM 10441154
ER
PT J
AU Brodsky, SJ
Fadin, VS
Kim, VT
Lipatov, LN
Pivovarov, GB
AF Brodsky, SJ
Fadin, VS
Kim, VT
Lipatov, LN
Pivovarov, GB
TI The QCD Pomeron with optimal renormalization
SO JETP LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-CHROMODYNAMICS; PERTURBATIVE QCD; COUPLING-CONSTANT;
GAUGE-THEORIES; SCHEME; SINGULARITY; MESON
AB It is shown that the next-to-leading order (NLO) corrections to the QCD Pomeron intercept obtained from the Balitsky-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov (BFKL) equation, when evaluated in non-Abelian physical renormalization schemes with Brodsky-Lepage-Mackenzie (BLM) optimal scale setting, do not exhibit the serious problems encountered in the <(MS)over bar> scheme. A striking feature of the NLO BFKL Pomeron intercept in the BLM approach is that it yields an important approximate conformal invariance. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-3640(99)00115-2].
C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
St Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia.
Int Inst Theoret & Appl Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia.
RP Brodsky, SJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RI Lipatov, Lev/P-2816-2014; Kim, Victor/L-1648-2013
OI Lipatov, Lev/0000-0001-7786-8818; Kim, Victor/0000-0001-7161-2133
NR 31
TC 181
Z9 181
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-3640
J9 JETP LETT+
JI Jetp Lett.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 70
IS 3
BP 155
EP 160
DI 10.1134/1.568145
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 234AE
UT WOS:000082458700001
ER
PT J
AU Kerstein, AR
AF Kerstein, AR
TI One-dimensional turbulence: model formulation and application to
homogeneous turbulence, sheer flows, and buoyant stratified flows
SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RAYLEIGH-BENARD CONVECTION; 3-DIMENSIONAL VORTICITY EQUATION; DIRECT
NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; NATURAL-CONVECTION;
PASSIVE SCALAR; CHANNEL FLOW; TEMPERATURE-FLUCTUATIONS; ISOTROPIC
TURBULENCE; THERMAL-CONVECTION
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Kerstein, AR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 79
TC 123
Z9 130
U1 2
U2 22
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA
SN 0022-1120
J9 J FLUID MECH
JI J. Fluid Mech.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 392
BP 277
EP 334
DI 10.1017/S0022112099005376
PG 58
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 230DF
UT WOS:000082236000011
ER
PT J
AU Lasserre, C
Morel, PH
Gaudemer, Y
Tapponnier, P
Ryerson, FJ
King, GCP
Metivier, F
Kasser, M
Kashgarian, M
Baichi, L
Taiya, L
Daoyang, Y
AF Lasserre, C
Morel, PH
Gaudemer, Y
Tapponnier, P
Ryerson, FJ
King, GCP
Metivier, F
Kasser, M
Kashgarian, M
Baichi, L
Taiya, L
Daoyang, Y
TI Postglacial left slip rate and past occurrence of M >= 8 earthquakes on
the western Haiyuan fault, Gansu, China
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; QILIAN-SHAN; C-14 DATA; TIBET; TECTONICS;
DISPLACEMENT; CALIFORNIA; SUBDUCTION; RECURRENCE; QINGHAI
AB High-resolution (HR) air photographs and a 1-m horizontal and 2-m vertical resolution digital elevation model derived from them by stereophotogrammetry provide new constraints on the behavior of the western stretch of the active Haiyuan fault, in Gansu province, China. The photographs cover three swaths along the fault, each about 2-km-long and at least 500-m-wide, near the village of Songshan, at 103.5 degrees E. This high-resolution data set is used to map and measure cumulative horizontal offsets of alluvial terraces and risers that range between 115 and 135 m, and 70 and 90 m, at two sites. Dating these terraces with C-14 yields minimum and maximum ages of 8400 and 7600, and 14,200 years B.P., respectively. This leads to a: postglacial slip rate of 12 +/- 4 mm/yr, with a most likely minimum value of 11.6 +/- 1.1 mm/yr. The smallest stream offsets observed on the HR photographs range between 8 and 16 m and are interpreted as coseismic displacements of the last few earthquakes with M greater than or equal to 8 that ruptured the 220-km-long Tianzhu gap of the fault, west; of the Yellow River. Earthquakes of that size within this gap, which has been quiescent for at least 800 years, would recur at intervals of 1050 +/- 450 years.
C1 Inst Phys Globe, CNRS UMR 7578, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
Ecole Super Geometres & Topog, F-72000 Le Mans, France.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
China Seismol Bur, Inst Lanzhou, Seismol Inst, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
RP Lasserre, C (reprint author), Inst Phys Globe, CNRS UMR 7578, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
EM lasserre@ipgp.jussieu.fr; gaudemer@ipgp.jussieu.fr;
tappon@ipgp.jussieu.fr; ryerson@s91.es.llnl.gov; king@ipgp.jussieu.fr;
metivier@ip-gp.jussieu.fr; kasser@esgt.cnam.fr
RI Metivier, Francois/B-4202-2011; Kashgarian, Michaele/E-1665-2011;
Tapponnier, .Paul/B-7033-2011; Lasserre, Cecile/D-7073-2017; Gaudemer,
Yves/K-3921-2012
OI Kashgarian, Michaele/0000-0001-7824-8418; Tapponnier,
.Paul/0000-0002-7135-1962; Lasserre, Cecile/0000-0002-0582-0775;
NR 37
TC 69
Z9 85
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 104
IS B8
BP 17633
EP 17651
DI 10.1029/1998JB900082
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 224LL
UT WOS:000081900500007
ER
PT J
AU Yu, CH
Schafer, L
Ramek, M
Miller, DM
Teppen, BJ
AF Yu, CH
Schafer, L
Ramek, M
Miller, DM
Teppen, BJ
TI Some general aspects of torsional sensitivity and the GG-effect
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE GG-effect; torsional sensitivity; conformational geometry functions;
structure-conformatic relations; structural gradients
ID MOLECULAR CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSES; GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION; ABINITIO;
ALKANES; ENERGY; AMIDE
AB The geometries of 28 compounds of type X-C1-C2-C3-Y, with X, Y = CH(3), F, Cl, OH, NH(2), COH, and COOH, were fully optimized by ab initio HF/4-21G calculations at 30 degrees grid points in their respective phi(X-C1-C2-C3), psi(C1-C2-C3-Y)torsional spaces. The results make it possible to construct parameter surfaces and their gradients in phi, psi-pace. The magnitude of the gradient, \del P\ = [(partial derivative P/partial derivative phi)(2) + (partial derivative P/partial derivative psi)(2)](1/2), of a structural parameter P (a bond length, bond angle, or non-bonded distance) in phi,psi-torsional space is a measure of torsional sensitivity (TS); i.e. a measure of the extent to which bond lengths, bond angles, and non-bonded distances change at a point in phi,psi-space with backbone torsional angles. It is found that TS is not constant throughout the conformational space of a molecule, but varies in a characteristic way. It seems that, regardless of the nature of X or Y, extended forms are typically in regions of low TS; puckered conformations, of high TS. Conformations with two sequential gauche torsional angles (GG sequences) are characterized by high TS of 1,5-non-bonded distances concomitant with relatively low TS of other internal coordinates. This property of GG sequences is the source of a stabilizing and cooperative energy increment that is not afforded by other torsional sequences, such as trans-trans or trans-gauche. A structural data base, consisting of thousands of HF/4-21G structures of X-C-C-Y and X-C-C-C-Y systems has been assembled and is available on a CD. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
Graz Tech Univ, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
Univ Arkansas, Dept Agron, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
Savannah River Ecol Lab, Adv Analyt Ctr Environm Sci, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RP Schafer, L (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM schafer@protein.uark.edu; ramek@ptc.tu-graz.ac.at;
dmiller@comp.uark.edu; teppen@srel.edu
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-2860
J9 J MOL STRUCT
JI J. Mol. Struct.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 485
SI SI
BP 373
EP 384
DI 10.1016/S0022-2860(99)00053-8
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 229KE
UT WOS:000082193100036
ER
PT J
AU Melnichenko, YB
Kiran, E
Wignall, GD
Heath, KD
Salaniwal, S
Cochran, HD
Stamm, M
AF Melnichenko, YB
Kiran, E
Wignall, GD
Heath, KD
Salaniwal, S
Cochran, HD
Stamm, M
TI Pressure- and temperature-induced transitions in solutions of
poly(dimethylsiloxane) in supercritical carbon dioxide
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; POLYMER-SOLUTIONS; CONCENTRATION DIAGRAM;
POLYSTYRENE; CROSSOVER
AB Supercritical fluids (SCFs) have great technological potential for minimizing the organic wastes associated with polymer manufacturing and processing. However, significant challenges remain for developing the same level of understanding of the behavior of polymers in SCFs as has been reached for polymers in traditional organic solvents. Small-angle neutron scattering was used to study the effect of pressure and temperature on the phase behavior of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO2). It was demonstrated that PDMS-SC CO2 solutions reproduce all main features of the temperature-concentration phase diagram for polymers in organic solvents. Moreover, because of their continuously adjustable solubility, SCFs exhibit novel effects, such as a pressure-induced transition to the Theta point and to the good solvent domain, in addition to a polymer-solvent demixing at a lower critical solution pressure.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Maine, Dept Chem Engn, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Max Planck Inst Polymerforsch, D-55021 Mainz, Germany.
RP Melnichenko, YB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 21
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 32
IS 16
BP 5344
EP 5347
DI 10.1021/ma990640q
PG 4
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 227BL
UT WOS:000082058100027
ER
PT J
AU Vergara, G
Herrera-Gomez, A
Spicer, WE
AF Vergara, G
Herrera-Gomez, A
Spicer, WE
TI Calculated electron energy distribution of negative electron affinity
cathodes
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE affinity; barrier; cesium; distribution; energy; photoemission;
potential; surface
ID GALLIUM-ARSENIDE; PHOTOCATHODES; LAYER
AB In this paper we present a model whose purpose was to study the electron energy distribution curves (EDC) of high efficiency negative electron affinity (NEA) GaAs photocathodes and to explain the features of earlier experimental data. The EDCs were calculated for transmission mode cathodes using the Monte Carlo method. The influence of parameters such as the surface potential barrier shape, p-doping concentration, vacuum level (VL), and temperature on the EDC broadening was studied. Using our model, we found that the experimental electron energy spread could be explained by the extra time the electrons spend inside the semiconductor due to multiple bouncing at the surface before escaping. There is no need to invoke electron interaction with surface trapping states. The difference between the effective electron mass in the semiconductor and the mass in the vacuum causes a refraction effect that narrows the escape angle around the surface normal. In accordance with the dipole model for NEA, the surface barrier was modeled in two sections: a triangular barrier at the surface and a flat plateau outside the semiconductor at the vacuum level. The magnitude of the energy distribution width of the experimental data studied indicates that the electrons spend a long time in the band bending region before escaping, which in turn indicates that the electrons are quantum reflected at the surface barrier a number of times before their final escape. This barrier is very sensitive to surface preparation details. The experimental data indicates that, for the high yield cathode considered, the vacuum level lies similar to 0.1 eV below the bulk conduction band minimum and that the modeled triangular potential at the surface barrier was approximately 1.5 Angstrom thick and 4 eV high. In the case of this barrier, the escape probability for electrons hitting the surface with energy between the vacuum level and 0.2 eV above was smaller than 0.2. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V, All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Elect Labs, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
UAQ, CINVESTAV, Lab Invest Mat, Queretaro 76010, Mexico.
Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
CIDA, Madrid 28033, Spain.
RP Herrera-Gomez, A (reprint author), CMR Press Warehouse, 435 Santa Teresa, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RI Vergara Ogando, German/B-9706-2015
OI Vergara Ogando, German/0000-0002-9406-1335
NR 14
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 436
IS 1-3
BP 83
EP 90
DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00612-3
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 233ZC
UT WOS:000082456200026
ER
PT J
AU Hay, PJ
Boehm, RC
Kress, JD
Martin, RL
AF Hay, PJ
Boehm, RC
Kress, JD
Martin, RL
TI Theoretical studies of H-2 desorption processes in chemical vapor
deposition of boron-doped silicon surfaces
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ab initio quantum chemical methods and calculations; boron; density
functional calculations; hydrogen; models of surface chemical reactions;
silicon; surface chemical reaction
ID TEMPERATURE-PROGRAMMED DESORPTION; HYDROGEN DESORPTION;
MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; DIHYDRIDE SI(100); ADSORPTION; DYNAMICS; KINETICS;
PATHWAY; GROWTH; SI
AB The desorption of hydrogen in the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of boron-doped silicon (100) surfaces is investigated using density functional theory and cluster models. The cluster models examine reactions of hydrogen atoms bound to adjacent B-Si surface sites that would arise during the decomposition of B2H6 and SiH4 on a B-doped polysilicon film that is being formed by CVD. Comparisons are made with the analogous processes involving desorption of H-2 from Si dimers, as well as with previous studies in the literature. Calculations show a barrier of approximately 25 kcal/mol for desorption of H-2 from Si8BH14 ('HB -SiH') and Si8BH15 ('HB-SiH2') clusters. These calculated barriers may be compared to values of(a) 75-85 kcal/mol typically obtained from other cluster calculations for 'prepairing' and 'isomerization pathways' from Si dimers on the surface; (b) 53-58 kcal/mol for desorption from SiH2 'defects'; and (c) 55-60 kcal/mol from two-dimensional periodic slab calculations of hydrogen desorption from Si surfaces. These results indicate that barriers for desorption of H-2 from B-Si-containing surface dimers are lower than desorption of H-2 from Si surface dimers. These lower barriers arise in part because the hydrogen bound to the B surface atom involves four-coordinate B species which have lower bond energies than classical B-H or Si-H bonds. These lower barriers could play a role in explaining the increased growth rate of Si observed when chemical vapor deposition is carried out using both SiH4 (or SiCl2H2) and B2H6 precursors. Finally we examined briefly the role of subsurface B atoms in the desorption of hydrogen from Si surfaces, as occurs in desorption studies on annealed B-doped Si films. Small lowerings in the hydrogen desorption energy (from 54 to 52 kcal/mol) and activation barrier (from 76 to similar to 70 kcal/mol) were found due to the effect of subsurface B atoms in Si clusters. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
New Mexico Highlands Univ, Sch Nat Sci, Las Vegas, NM 87701 USA.
RP Hay, PJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 51
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 436
IS 1-3
BP 175
EP 192
DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00661-5
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 233ZC
UT WOS:000082456200036
ER
PT J
AU Jirsak, T
Dvorak, J
Rodriguez, JA
AF Jirsak, T
Dvorak, J
Rodriguez, JA
TI Adsorption of NO2 on Rh(111) and Pd/Rh(111): photoemission studies
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE bimetallic surfaces; catalysis; chemisorption; low index single crystal
surfaces; nitric oxide; nitrogen dioxide; palladium; rhodium; spillover;
synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy
ID NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; NITRIC-OXIDE; MOLECULAR ADSORPTION; PD(111) SURFACE;
DESORPTION; OXYGEN; PD; DISSOCIATION; KINETICS; XPS
AB Synchrotron-based high-resolution photoemission has been used to study the interaction of NO2 with Rh(111) and Pd/Rh(111) surfaces. Clean Rh(111) reacts readily with nitrogen dioxide which decomposes at temperatures less than or equal to 150 K producing adsorbed NO and oxygen adatoms (NO2-->NOa + O-a). The majority of the adsorbed NO further dissociates (NOa-->N-a + O-a) between 300 and 400 K. The bimetallic Pd/Rh(111) system exhibits a significantly lower reactivity towards NO2 in comparison with Pd(111) and Rh(111). On Pd/Rh(111) surfaces (theta(Pd) =0.6-1.2 ML), NO2 dissociates at low temperatures, but essentially no decomposition to atomic nitrogen occurs and all the nitrogen molecular species disappear from the surface by 380 K. The O-Pd bond in a Pd-1.2/Rh(111) system is substantially weaker (adsorption energy lowered by at least 20 kcal mol(-1)) than on the individual metals and most of the oxygen evolves from the surface by 400 K. When the Rh(111) surface is only partially covered with Pd (Pd-0.6/Rh(111)), spillover of adsorbed species from Pd islands to the bare Rh(111) patches is observed when the temperature of the system is increased from 100 to 400 K. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 33
TC 47
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 436
IS 1-3
BP L683
EP L690
DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00656-1
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 233ZC
UT WOS:000082456200009
ER
PT J
AU Wang, CZ
Pan, BC
Xiang, JB
Ho, KM
AF Wang, CZ
Pan, BC
Xiang, JB
Ho, KM
TI Adatom vacancies on the Si(111)-(7 x 7) surface
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE field evaporation; semi-empirical models and model calculations;
silicon; surface defects; surface energy
ID ENERGY; RECONSTRUCTION; SYSTEMS
AB The structures, energies and electronic properties of the adatom vacancies on the Si(111)-(7 x 7) surface are studied by tight-binding molecular dynamics calculations using the recently developed environment-dependent potential of silicon. Adatom vacancies on the edge of the (7 x 7) unit cell are found to have formation energies lower than those on the corner of the unit cell by about 0.1 eV. Structure relaxation induced by the vacancies is found to be significant. Localized electronic states associated with the vacancies are also observed at energy about 0.5 eV below the Fermi energy level. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Wang, CZ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 11
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 10
PY 1999
VL 436
IS 1-3
BP L697
EP L701
DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00695-0
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 233ZC
UT WOS:000082456200011
ER
PT J
AU Gousev, YP
Altukhov, IV
Korolev, KA
Sinis, VP
Kagan, MS
Haller, EE
Odnoblyudov, MA
Yassievich, IN
Chao, KA
AF Gousev, YP
Altukhov, IV
Korolev, KA
Sinis, VP
Kagan, MS
Haller, EE
Odnoblyudov, MA
Yassievich, IN
Chao, KA
TI Widely tunable continuous-wave THz laser
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID P-GE; RADIATION; SPECTROSCOPY; DETECTOR; PULSES; MIXER
AB We present experimental results on continuous-wave generation of THz radiation by strained Ge and a theoretical model for population inversion of carriers giving rise to the stimulated THz emission. Resonant acceptor states induced by strain and resonance hole scattering under applied electric field are necessary for the inversion. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)02132-4].
C1 Royal Inst Technol, Dept Elect, S-16440 Kista, Sweden.
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Radioengn & Elect, Moscow 103907, Russia.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Lund, Dept Theoret Phys, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
RP Gousev, YP (reprint author), Royal Inst Technol, Dept Elect, S-16440 Kista, Sweden.
NR 21
TC 68
Z9 71
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 75
IS 6
BP 757
EP 759
DI 10.1063/1.124503
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 222FJ
UT WOS:000081772600005
ER
PT J
AU Baker, KL
Porter, JL
Ruggles, LE
Chandler, GA
Deeney, C
Vargas, M
Moats, A
Struve, K
Torres, J
McGurn, J
Simpson, WW
Fehl, DL
Chrien, RE
Matuska, W
Idzorek, GC
AF Baker, KL
Porter, JL
Ruggles, LE
Chandler, GA
Deeney, C
Vargas, M
Moats, A
Struve, K
Torres, J
McGurn, J
Simpson, WW
Fehl, DL
Chrien, RE
Matuska, W
Idzorek, GC
TI Soft x-ray measurements of z-pinch-driven vacuum hohlraums
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; WIRE; RADIATION;
SYMMETRY; POWER
AB This letter reports the experimental characterization of a z-pinch-driven vacuum hohlraum. We have measured soft x-ray fluxes of 5x10(12) W/cm(2) radiating from the walls of hohlraums which are 2.4-2.5 cm in diameter by 1 cm tall. The x-ray source used to drive these hohlraums was a z pinch consisting of a 300 wire tungsten array driven by a 20 MA, 100 ns current pulse. In this hohlraum geometry, the z-pinch x-ray source can produce energies in excess of 800 kJ and powers in excess of 100 TW to drive these hohlraums. The x rays released in these hohlraums represent greater than a factor of 25 in energy and more than a factor of 3 in x-ray power over previous laboratory-driven hohlraums. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)02732-1].
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Baker, KL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 14
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 75
IS 6
BP 775
EP 777
DI 10.1063/1.124509
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 222FJ
UT WOS:000081772600011
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, IH
Smith, DL
Neef, CJ
Ferraris, JP
AF Campbell, IH
Smith, DL
Neef, CJ
Ferraris, JP
TI Charge transport in polymer light-emitting diodes at high current
density
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID INJECTION
AB We present measured and calculated current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of diodes fabricated using a soluble poly(p-phenylene vinylene) derivative. Steady-state and pulsed electrical excitation were used to acquire the I-V characteristics for current densities from 1x10(-3) to 1.3x10(3) A/cm(2). Hole current is predominant in the diode. The I-V characteristics were fit using a device model that assumes an electric field-dependent hole mobility of the Poole-Frenkel form that is independent of the charge carrier density. The measured and calculated I-V characteristics are in good agreement over the full range of current density. The maximum electric field and carrier density is about 4x10(6) V/cm and 1x10(18) cm(-3), respectively. These results demonstrate that an electric field-dependent mobility, without carrier density dependence, provides an accurate description of hole transport in this polymer over this range of field and carrier density. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)04532-5].
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA.
RP Campbell, IH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 17
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 75
IS 6
BP 841
EP 843
DI 10.1063/1.124531
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 222FJ
UT WOS:000081772600033
ER
PT J
AU Davis, MI
Wasinger, EC
Westre, TE
Zaleski, JM
Orville, AM
Lipscomb, JD
Hedman, B
Hodgson, KO
Solomon, EI
AF Davis, MI
Wasinger, EC
Westre, TE
Zaleski, JM
Orville, AM
Lipscomb, JD
Hedman, B
Hodgson, KO
Solomon, EI
TI Spectroscopic investigation of reduced protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase:
Charge-induced alterations in the active site iron coordination
environment
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
BREVIBACTERIUM-FUSCUM; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SUBSTRATE-BINDING;
EXTRADIOL DIOXYGENASES; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; MODEL COMPLEXES;
LIGAND-BINDING
AB Chemical reduction of the mononuclear ferric active site in the bacterial intradiol cleaving catecholic dioxygenase protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (3,4-PCD, Brevibacterium fuscum) produces a high-spin ferrous center. We have applied circular dichroism (CD), magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), variable-temperature-variable-field (VTVH) MCD, X-ray absorption (XAS) pre-edge, and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopies to investigate the geometric and electronic structure of the reduced iron center. Excited-state ligand field CD and MCD data indicate that the site is six-coordinate where the E-5(g) excited-state splitting is 2033 cm(-1), VTVH MCD analysis of the ground state indicates that the site has negative zero-field splitting with a small rhombic splitting of the lowest doublet (delta = 1.6 +/- 0.3 cm(-1)). XAS pre-edge analysis also indicates a six-coordinate site while EXAFS analysis provides accurate bond lengths. Since previous spectroscopic analysis and the crystal structure of oxidized 3,4-PCD indicate a five-coordinate ferric active site, the results presented here show that the coordination number increases upon reduction. This is attributed to the coordination of a second solvent ligand. The coordination number increase relative to the oxidized site also appears to be associated with a large decrease in the ligand donor strength in the reduced enzyme due to protonation of the original hydroxide ligand.
C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Biochem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Ctr Met Biocatalysis, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Lipscomb, JD (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Biochem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
OI Lipscomb, John/0000-0002-8158-5594
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM024689, R37 GM024689]
NR 55
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0020-1669
J9 INORG CHEM
JI Inorg. Chem.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 16
BP 3676
EP 3683
DI 10.1021/ic981464p
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 226JV
UT WOS:000082017600015
PM 11671125
ER
PT J
AU Paine, RT
Koestle, W
Borek, TT
Wood, GL
Pruss, EA
Duesler, EN
Hiskey, MA
AF Paine, RT
Koestle, W
Borek, TT
Wood, GL
Pruss, EA
Duesler, EN
Hiskey, MA
TI Synthesis, characterization, and explosive properties of the
nitrogen-rich borazine [H3N3B3(N-3)(3)]
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BORON IMIDES; AZIDES;
IMINOBORANES
AB The azidoborazines [Me3N3B2(Me)(2)B(N-3)] and [H3N3B3(N-3)(3)] were prepared from the combination of Me3SiN3 and the chloroborazines [Me3N3B2(Me)(2)BCl] and (H3N3B3Cl3). The compounds have been characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods. The molecular structure of [H3N3B3(N-3)(3)] has been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques: triclinic space group P (1) over bar with a = 8.579(1) Angstrom, b = 9.182(1) Angstrom, c = 12.043(1) Angstrom, alpha = 104.62(1)degrees, beta = 90.26(1)degrees, gamma = 110.74(1)degrees, and Z = 4. The thermal behavior of the azides have been examined by TGA/DTA. The explosion sensitivity of [H3N3B3(N-3)(3)], which contains 82.58% nitrogen by weight, has been accessed by drop weight impact, spark, and friction tests. These measurements indicate that [H3N3B3(N-3)(3)] is a relatively sensitive explosive. The Staudinger reactivity of the azides with Ph3P was examined, and [H3N3B3(N-3)(3)] was found to produce [Ph3P=NH2](N-3). The molecular structure of this compound was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques: orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with a = 10.649(2) Angstrom, b = 11.737(3) Angstrom, c = 13.364(4) Angstrom, alpha = beta = gamma = 90 degrees, Z = 4.
C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp DX2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Paine, RT (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
NR 41
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0020-1669
J9 INORG CHEM
JI Inorg. Chem.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 16
BP 3738
EP 3743
DI 10.1021/ic990316b
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 226JV
UT WOS:000082017600026
ER
PT J
AU Chiu, SW
Cheung, YS
Ma, NL
Li, WK
Ng, CY
AF Chiu, SW
Cheung, YS
Ma, NL
Li, WK
Ng, CY
TI A Gaussian-2 ab initio study of [C2H5S](+) ions: II. fragmentation and
CH3SCH2+ and CH2CHSH2+ revisited
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM
LA English
DT Article
DE Gaussian-2 theory; [C2H5S](+) ions; unimolecular dissociations;
ion-molecule complexes; ion-radical complexes
ID DIMER RADICAL CATION; GAS-PHASE; NEUTRAL COMPLEXES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
UNIMOLECULAR DECOMPOSITIONS; ELECTRON PHOTODETACHMENT; VIBRATIONAL
FREQUENCIES; PHOTO-IONIZATION; C2H3S+ IONS; ENERGIES
AB Gaussian-2 ab initio method was performed to examine the five modes of unimolecular dissociation of CH3SCH2+ (1(+)) and CH2CHSH2+ (5(+)): 1(+) --> CH3 + H2CS+ (1); 1(+) --> CH + H2CS (2); 1(+) --> CH4 + HCS+ (3); 5(+) --> H2S + [C2H3](+) (4); and 5(+) --> H3S+ + C2H2 (5). Both reactions 1 and 2, with endothermicities 359 and 395 kJ mol(-1) respectively, proceed without a reverse barrier. Loss of CH4 from 1(+) (reaction 3) proceeds via a transition state resembling an ion-radical complex CH3/ H2CS+. The elimination reaction has an energy barrier of 332 kJ mol(-1). Loss of H2S from 5(+) (reaction 4) initially proceeds through either cleavage of the C-S bond or formation of the ion-molecule complex H2S/[C2H3](+) (8(+)/9(+)), followed by dissociation of the complex. The endothermicity of reaction 3 is calculated to be 245-261 kJ mol(-1). Reaction 5, the lowest energy process among the dissociation pathways studied in this work, proceeds via intermediates 9(+) and H3S+/C2H2 (10(+)). Its rate-determining step 5(+) --> 9(+) has an energy barrier of 220 kJ mol(-1). (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Mol & Integrat Physiol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Chem, Singapore 119260, Singapore.
Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Chem, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Chiu, SW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-1280
J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM
JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 468
IS 1-2
BP 21
EP 37
PG 17
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 226LG
UT WOS:000082021000003
ER
PT J
AU Ding, WJ
Fang, DC
AF Ding, WJ
Fang, DC
TI DFT and topological study on the mechanism of ring opening of
cyclobutenone, azetinone and oxetone
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM
LA English
DT Article
DE ab initio MO and density functional calculations; ring opening reaction
mechanism; Bader type topological analysis
ID CHARGE-DENSITY; NUCLEOPHILIC-ADDITION; REACTIVITY; ATOMS; BONDS;
PREDICTIONS; MOLECULES; LAPLACIAN
AB Ab initio MO (HF/6-31G**) and density functional (B3LYP/6-31 + + G**) methods have been used to study the mechanisms of ring opening reactions of cyclobutenone, azetinone and oxetone. Structures of the stationary points on the three reaction potential energy surfaces have been located at both HF/6-31G** and B3LYP/6-31 + +G** levels. In addition,, we have also calculated the topological properties of all stationary points using AIMPC98, a PC version of AIMPAC program, based on B3LYP/6-31++G** wavefunctions. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Beijing Normal Univ, Dept Chem, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
RP Fang, DC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, CHM 200, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-1280
J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM
JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 468
IS 1-2
BP 119
EP 125
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 226LG
UT WOS:000082021000012
ER
PT J
AU Chung, SU
AF Chung, SU
TI New results on exotic mesons from BNL-E852
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Biennial Conference on Low Energy Antiproton Physics (LEAP98)
CY SEP 07-12, 1998
CL VILLASIMIUS, ITALY
SP INFN, Univ Cagliari
ID 18 GEV/C; SYSTEM
AB We have so far found evidence for two exotic mesons with the quantum numbers I-G J(PC) = 1(-)1(-+) at masses 1.4 and 1.6 GeV. They are seen in the decay channels pi eta, pi rho and pi eta' With varying degrees of strengths.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Chung, SU (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9474
J9 NUCL PHYS A
JI Nucl. Phys. A
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 655
IS 1-2
BP 77C
EP 81C
DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(99)00183-9
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 234TR
UT WOS:000082500900012
ER
PT J
AU LeFort, T
Kwiatkowski, K
Hsi, WC
Beaulieu, L
Viola, VE
Pienkowski, L
Korteling, RG
Leforest, R
Martin, E
Ramakrishnan, E
Rowland, D
Ruangma, A
Winchester, E
Yennello, SJ
Gushue, S
Remsberg, LP
Back, B
Breuer, H
AF LeFort, T
Kwiatkowski, K
Hsi, WC
Beaulieu, L
Viola, VE
Pienkowski, L
Korteling, RG
Leforest, R
Martin, E
Ramakrishnan, E
Rowland, D
Ruangma, A
Winchester, E
Yennello, SJ
Gushue, S
Remsberg, LP
Back, B
Breuer, H
TI Heating nuclei with 8 GeV/c antiprotons
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Biennial Conference on Low Energy Antiproton Physics (LEAP98)
CY SEP 07-12, 1998
CL VILLASIMIUS, ITALY
SP INFN, Univ Cagliari
ID AU-197 REACTIONS; HOT NUCLEI; BEAMS; 4-PI
AB Studies of the heating effect of 8 GeV/c pi(-) and antiproton beams incident on a Au-197 nucleus have been conducted at Brookhaven AGS accelerator with the Indiana Silicon Sphere 4 pi detector array. Enhanced energy deposition for antiprotons relative to negative pions and protons in this energy regime is observed. The results are consistent with predictions of an intranuclear cascade code.
C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
Indiana Univ, IUCF, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
Warsaw Univ, Dept Chem, Warsaw, Poland.
Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Chem, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
Texas A&M Univ, Cyclotron Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
RI Rowland, Douglas/F-3104-2014; Yennello, Sherry/B-5803-2015
OI Rowland, Douglas/0000-0001-8059-6905; Yennello,
Sherry/0000-0003-3963-5217
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9474
EI 1873-1554
J9 NUCL PHYS A
JI Nucl. Phys. A
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 655
IS 1-2
BP 275C
EP 280C
DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(99)00213-4
PG 6
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 234TR
UT WOS:000082500900041
ER
PT J
AU Holzscheiter, MH
AF Holzscheiter, MH
CA ATHENA Collaboration
TI Formation of low-energy antihydrogen
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Biennial Conference on Low Energy Antiproton Physics (LEAP98)
CY SEP 07-12, 1998
CL VILLASIMIUS, ITALY
SP INFN, Univ Cagliari
ID PENNING TRAPS; TESTING CPT; ANTIPROTONS; COLLISIONS; POSITRONIUM;
PLASMAS
AB Antihydrogen atoms, produced near rest, trapped in a magnetic well, and cooled to the lowest possible temperature (kinetic energy) could provide an extremely powerful tool for the search of violations of CPT and Lorentz invariant. We describe our plans to trap antiprotons and positrons in a combined Penning trap and to form a significant number of cold antihydrogen atoms for comparative precision spectroscopy of hydrogen and antihydrogen.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Holzscheiter, MH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, P-23,MS H803, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9474
J9 NUCL PHYS A
JI Nucl. Phys. A
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 655
IS 1-2
BP 363C
EP 368C
DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(99)00225-0
PG 6
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 234TR
UT WOS:000082500900053
ER
PT J
AU Chalmers, G
Schalm, K
AF Chalmers, G
Schalm, K
TI The large N-c limit of four-point functions in N=4 super-Yang-Mills
theory from anti-de Sitter supergravity
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article
DE AdS/QFT correspondence; large-N gauge theories; supergravity
ID LOOP FEYNMAN DIAGRAMS; ALGEBRAIC REDUCTION; THEORY CORRELATORS; SCALAR
INTEGRALS; FIELD-THEORY; SPACE; AMPLITUDES; STATES
AB We compute the imaginary part of scalar four-point functions in the AdS/CFT correspondence relevant to N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory. Unitarity of the AdS supergravity demands that the imaginary parts of the correlation functions factorize into products of lower-point functions, We include the exchange diagrams for scalars as well as gravitons and find explicit expressions for the imaginary parts of these correlators. In momentum space these expressions contain only rational functions and logarithms of the kinematic invariants, in such a manner that the correlator is not a free-field result, The simplicity of these results, however, indicate the possibility of additional symmetry structures in N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory in the large N, limit at strong effective coupling. The complete expressions may be computed from the integral results derived here. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Chalmers, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 49
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0550-3213
J9 NUCL PHYS B
JI Nucl. Phys. B
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 554
IS 1-2
BP 215
EP 236
DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(99)00275-8
PG 22
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 226LR
UT WOS:000082021900010
ER
PT J
AU He, XG
Hou, WS
Yang, KC
AF He, XG
Hou, WS
Yang, KC
TI Indications for factorization and ReVub < 0 from rare B decay data
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB Surveying known hadronic rare B decays, we find that the factorization approximation can give a coherent account of K pi, pi pi, and rho(0)pi(+) data and give predictions for omega(0)pi(+), rho pi, and K*pi modes, if ReVuh is taken as negative (in standard phase convention) rather than positive. As further confirmation, we expect a lower sin2 beta value at B factories as compared to current fits, and B-s mixing close to LEP bounds at SLD and CDF.
C1 Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 10764, Taiwan.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei, Taiwan.
RP He, XG (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 10764, Taiwan.
RI He, Xiao-Gang/C-8894-2013; He, Xiao-Gang/P-2242-2015
NR 21
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 6
BP 1100
EP 1103
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1100
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223ZL
UT WOS:000081871400006
ER
PT J
AU Ninov, V
Gregorich, KE
Loveland, W
Ghiorso, A
Hoffman, DC
Lee, DM
Nitsche, H
Swiatecki, WJ
Kirbach, UW
Laue, CA
Adams, JL
Patin, JB
Shaughnessy, DA
Strellis, DA
Wilk, PA
AF Ninov, V
Gregorich, KE
Loveland, W
Ghiorso, A
Hoffman, DC
Lee, DM
Nitsche, H
Swiatecki, WJ
Kirbach, UW
Laue, CA
Adams, JL
Patin, JB
Shaughnessy, DA
Strellis, DA
Wilk, PA
TI Observation of superheavy nuclei produced in the reaction of Kr-86 with
Pb-208
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELEMENTS; DECAY; RANGE; IONS
AB Following a prediction by Smolanczuk [Phys. Rev. C 59, 2634 (1999)], we searched for superheavy element formation in the bombardment of Pb-208 With 449-Mev Kr-86 ions. We have observed three decay chains, each consisting of an implanted heavy atom and six subsequent alpha decays, correlated in time and position. In these decay chains, a rapid (ms) sequence of high energy alpha particles (E-alpha greater than or equal to 10 MeV) indicates the decay of a new high-Z element. The observed chains are consistent with the formation of (293)118 and its decay by sequential alpha-particle emission to (289)116, (285)114, (281)112, (277)110, (273)Hs (Z = 108) and (269)Sg (Z = 106). The production cross section is 2.2(-0.8)(+2.6) pb.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Ninov, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Wilk, Philip/B-5954-2008
NR 24
TC 173
Z9 176
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 6
BP 1104
EP 1107
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1104
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223ZL
UT WOS:000081871400007
ER
PT J
AU Cwiok, S
Nazarewicz, W
Heenen, PH
AF Cwiok, S
Nazarewicz, W
Heenen, PH
TI Structure of odd-N superheavy elements
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SHELL STRUCTURE; NUCLEI; HEAVY
AB Structure of the odd-N superheavy elements with Z less than or similar to 118 and N less than or equal to 175 is investigated using the self-consistent Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov method with pairing. Microscopic analysis of one-quasiparticle neutron states, alpha-decay energies, and deformations is performed. Good agreement was obtained with the recently reported alpha-decay chains of (289)114 and (293)118.
C1 Warsaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys, PL-00662 Warsaw, Poland.
Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
Free Univ Brussels, Serv Phys Nucl Theor, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
RP Warsaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys, Ul Koszykowa 75, PL-00662 Warsaw, Poland.
NR 31
TC 176
Z9 178
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 6
BP 1108
EP 1111
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1108
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223ZL
UT WOS:000081871400008
ER
PT J
AU Sonzogni, AA
Davids, CN
Woods, PJ
Seweryniak, D
Carpenter, MP
Ressler, JJ
Schwartz, J
Uusitalo, J
Walters, WB
AF Sonzogni, AA
Davids, CN
Woods, PJ
Seweryniak, D
Carpenter, MP
Ressler, JJ
Schwartz, J
Uusitalo, J
Walters, WB
TI Fine structure in the decay of the highly deformed proton emitter Eu-131
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEI; RADIOACTIVITY
AB Fine structure in the ground-state proton radioactive decay of highly deformed Eu-131 has been identified. In addition to the previously observed ground-state line, measured here with a proton energy of 932(7) keV, a second proton peak with energy 811(7) keV was observed. We interpret this line as proton decay from the Eu-131 ground state to the first excited 2(+) state of the daughter nucleus Sm-130. Comparing the measured branching ratio with calculations enables the ground-state configuration of Eu-131 to be unambiguously assigned to the 3/2(+)[411] Nilsson configuration.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland.
Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
RP Sonzogni, AA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Ressler, Jennifer Jo/F-2279-2010; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015
OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734
NR 15
TC 94
Z9 97
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 6
BP 1116
EP 1118
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1116
PG 3
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223ZL
UT WOS:000081871400010
ER
PT J
AU Czarnecki, A
Melnikov, K
Yelkhovsky, P
AF Czarnecki, A
Melnikov, K
Yelkhovsky, P
TI alpha(2) corrections to parapositronium decay
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; VACUUM POLARIZATION; ORTHOPOSITRONIUM;
POSITRONIUM; ORDER; WIDTH
AB Two-loop QED corrections to the decay rate of parapositronium (p-Ps) into two photons are presented. We find Gamma(p-Ps --> gamma gamma) = 7989.50(2) mu s(-1). The nonlogarithmic O(alpha(2)) corrections turn out to be small, contrary to some earlier estimates. We speculate that the so-called "orthopositronium lifetime puzzle" will not likely be solved by large QED corrections.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Theoret Tielchenphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
RP Czarnecki, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 23
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 6
BP 1135
EP 1138
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1135
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223ZL
UT WOS:000081871400015
ER
PT J
AU Liu, BG
Wu, J
Wang, EG
Zhang, ZY
AF Liu, BG
Wu, J
Wang, EG
Zhang, ZY
TI Two-dimensional pattern formation in surfactant-mediated epitaxial
growth
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILM GROWTH; FRACTAL GROWTH; NUCLEATION; TRANSITION; EXCHANGE;
KINETICS; COMPACT; ISLANDS; AG(111); SB
AB The effects of a surfactant on two-dimensional pattern formation in epitaxial growth are explored theoretically using a simple model, in which an adatom becomes immobile only after overcoming a large energy barrier as it exchanges positions with a surfactant atom, and subsequent growth from such a seed is further shielded. Within this model, a fractal-to-compact island shape transition can be induced by either decreasing the growth temperature or increasing the deposition flux. This and other intriguing findings are in excellent qualitative agreement with recent experiments.
C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Liu, BG (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, POB 603, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China.
OI Liu, Bang-Gui/0000-0002-6030-6680
NR 27
TC 64
Z9 70
U1 6
U2 12
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 6
BP 1195
EP 1198
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1195
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223ZL
UT WOS:000081871400030
ER
PT J
AU Medarde, M
Mitchell, JF
Millburn, JE
Short, S
Jorgensen, JD
AF Medarde, M
Mitchell, JF
Millburn, JE
Short, S
Jorgensen, JD
TI Optimal T-C in layered manganites: Different roles of coherent and
incoherent lattice distortions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DOUBLE EXCHANGE; PEROVSKITE; MAGNETORESISTANCE; LA1-XCAXMNO3; TRANSITION
AB Neutron powder diffraction experiments on layered manganites La2-2xSr1+2xMn2O7 (0.32 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.40) show that coherent lattice anomalies observed at the Curie temperature (lattice parameters, Mn-O bond lengths) reverse sign at x approximate to 0.36, coinciding with the maximum T-C approximate to 131 K. Remarkably, the anomalies are completely suppressed at this crossover composition. Incoherent distortions, as measured by anisotropic Debye-Waller factors, undergo an abrupt decrease below T-C. The magnitude of this anomaly changes very little with x and does not display any sign reversal for x approximate to 0.36.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Medarde, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 19
TC 60
Z9 60
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 6
BP 1223
EP 1226
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1223
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223ZL
UT WOS:000081871400037
ER
PT J
AU Xue, JY
Duda, LC
Smith, KE
Fedorov, AV
Johnson, PD
Hulbert, SL
McCarroll, W
Greenblatt, M
AF Xue, JY
Duda, LC
Smith, KE
Fedorov, AV
Johnson, PD
Hulbert, SL
McCarroll, W
Greenblatt, M
TI Electronic structure near the Fermi surface in the quasi-one-dimensional
conductor Li0.9Mo6O17
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTOEMISSION; LIQUIDS; K0.3MOO3; BRONZES
AB The electronic properties of the quasi-one-dimensional (1D) oxide conductor Li0.9Mo6O17 have been investigated using high-momentum and energy resolution photoelectron spectroscopy at temperatures above and below the metal-semiconductor transition temperature. Considerable spectral intensity at the Fermi energy (E-F) is observed at room temperature, and a sharp feature corresponding to a band crossing E-F is clearly resolved for states along the quasi-1D axis. Below the metal-semiconductor transition at 24 K, a gap is clearly observed to open at E-F. Our data do not support the assertion that the low energy excitations of electrons in Li0.9Mo6O17 should be described in a Luttinger liquid model.
C1 Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
RP Smith, KE (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
NR 23
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 6
BP 1235
EP 1238
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1235
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223ZL
UT WOS:000081871400040
ER
PT J
AU Franceshetti, A
Wang, LW
Zunger, A
AF Franceshetti, A
Wang, LW
Zunger, A
TI Comment on "Quantum confinement and optical gaps in Si nanocrystals"
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTALLITES
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Franceshetti, A (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013
NR 5
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 6
BP 1269
EP 1269
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1269
PG 1
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223ZL
UT WOS:000081871400055
ER
PT J
AU Ogut, S
Chelikowsky, JR
Louie, SG
AF Ogut, S
Chelikowsky, JR
Louie, SG
TI Comment on "Quantum confinement and optical gaps in Si nanocrystals" -
Reply
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DOTS
C1 Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Ogut, S (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RI Ogut, Serdar/B-1749-2012
NR 8
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 6
BP 1270
EP 1270
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1270
PG 1
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223ZL
UT WOS:000081871400056
ER
PT J
AU Chandler, DP
Schuck, BL
Brockman, FJ
Bruckner-Lea, CJ
AF Chandler, DP
Schuck, BL
Brockman, FJ
Bruckner-Lea, CJ
TI Automated nucleic acid isolation and purification from soil extracts
using renewable affinity microcolumns in a sequential injection system
SO TALANTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Flow Infection Analysis (ICFIA 98)
CY AUG 23-27, 1998
CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON
DE sequential injection; flow injection analysis; renewable columns;
affinity; DNA; soil; sample preparation
ID HEPATITIS-A VIRUS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS;
OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ARRAYS; HYBRIDIZATION PROPERTIES; GLASS SUPPORTS; OCEAN
WATER; DNA; PCR; BACTERIA
AB We have combined affinity purification concepts with novel renewable-surface microcolumns in a sequential injection system for the automated and rapid isolation and purification of nucleic acids directly from crude soil extracts. Geobacter chapellii DNA was spiked at femtomolar concentrations into clean solutions or crude soil extracts containing picomolar concentrations of competitive DNA, humic acids and other soluble soil constituents. The 16S rDNA targets (indigenous and spiked) were purified and eluted in less than 20 min in a form suitable for direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and detection. The extraction efficiency of the automated system was equivalent to a 4-h batch reaction using identical reagents. The estimated efficiency of isolation and purification was maximally 30% under the conditions employed here, with levels comparable to those obtained with soils/sediments processed by standard techniques, and a detection limit of 1.7 attamoles (10(6) copies) Geobacter target in a soil extract containing a competitive background of 10(9) genomes. This manuscript represents the first report of automated nucleic acid purification from an environmental sample using sequential injection fluidic systems and renewable microcolumn technology, and provides an excellent platform from which to optimize and accelerate the development of an integrated microbial/nucleic acid detector. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Microbiol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem Sensors & Microanlayt Syst, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Chandler, DP (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Microbiol Grp, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,Mail Stop P7-50, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 46
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-9140
J9 TALANTA
JI Talanta
PD AUG 9
PY 1999
VL 49
IS 5
BP 969
EP 983
DI 10.1016/S0039-9140(99)00074-0
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 230QZ
UT WOS:000082263000002
PM 18967673
ER
PT J
AU Li, X
Liu, SS
Chen, WW
Wang, LS
AF Li, X
Liu, SS
Chen, WW
Wang, LS
TI The electronic structure of MoC and WC by anion photoelectron
spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY CURVES; BINDING-ENERGIES; NEGATIVE-IONS; MONOCARBIDE;
CLUSTERS; SPECTRA; STATES; PTC
AB Photoelectron spectra of MoC- and WC- are reported at two detachment energies, 532 and 355 nm. The electron affinities of MoC and WC were measured to be 1.358 (0.010) and 1.022 (0.010) eV, respectively. Seven low-lying electronic states were observed for MoC within 2 eV above its ground state whereas six were observed for WC within 2.4 eV above its ground state. The bonding and spectroscopy of MoC and WC were found to be different and were attributed to their different atomic configurations due to the strong relativistic effects in W. The current study reports the first spectroscopic information on WC. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)01330-6].
C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 18
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 4
U2 21
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 8
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 6
BP 2464
EP 2469
DI 10.1063/1.479523
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 221EN
UT WOS:000081711200013
ER
PT J
AU Ashurst, WT
Holian, BL
AF Ashurst, WT
Holian, BL
TI Droplet size dependence upon volume expansion rate
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Ashurst, WT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 2
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 8
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 6
BP 2842
EP 2843
DI 10.1063/1.479561
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 221EN
UT WOS:000081711200053
ER
PT J
AU Semak, VV
Damkroger, B
Kempka, S
AF Semak, VV
Damkroger, B
Kempka, S
TI Temporal evolution of the temperature field in the beam interaction zone
during laser material processing
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID VAPORIZATION; DYNAMICS
AB This paper presents a numerical simulation of the temperature field resulting from the impingement of a laser beam on a metal surface. The calculations were based on a hydrodynamic physical model of laser-material interaction, which includes the effect of evaporation recoil pressure on melt flow and the related convective heat transfer. The computations follow an experimentally verified physical-model of melt hydrodynamics and the model of laser-induced evaporation developed by Anisimov. The simulations indicate that convective heat transfer which is induced by recoil pressure is significant for absorbed laser intensities from 0.5 MW cm(-2) to 10 MW cm(-2). This range corresponds to laser welding, cutting and drilling due to melt ejection (hydrodynamic drilling). The simulations also show that the motion of the melt from the centre of the beam interaction zone towards the periphery results in a secondary maxima in the temperature distribution, which in turn can lead to instability of the melt Row and temperature field fluctuations. The model also predicts that the cooling rate in and around the fusion zone is strongly influenced by the recoil-pressure-induced melt Row. At the centre of the beam interaction zone, the cooling rate is much higher (similar to 10 times), and at the periphery, much slower than predicted by a pure heat conduction model.
C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Semak, VV (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, State Coll, PA 16804 USA.
NR 22
TC 47
Z9 49
U1 1
U2 13
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 7
PY 1999
VL 32
IS 15
BP 1819
EP 1825
DI 10.1088/0022-3727/32/15/309
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 228AZ
UT WOS:000082114500014
ER
PT J
AU Semak, VV
Bragg, WD
Damkroger, B
Kempka, S
AF Semak, VV
Bragg, WD
Damkroger, B
Kempka, S
TI Transient model for the keyhole during laser welding
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DYNAMICS
AB A novel approach to simulating the dominant dynamic processes present during concentrated energy beam welding of metals is presented. A model for the transient behaviour of the front keyhole wall is developed. It is assumed that keyhole propagation is dominated by evaporation-recoil-driven melt expulsion from the beam interaction zone. Results from the model show keyhole instabilities consistent with experimental observations of metal welding, metal cutting and ice welding.
C1 Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, State Coll, PA 16804 USA.
New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Semak, VV (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, State Coll, PA 16804 USA.
NR 13
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 7
PY 1999
VL 32
IS 15
BP L61
EP L64
DI 10.1088/0022-3727/32/15/103
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 228AZ
UT WOS:000082114500003
ER
PT J
AU Dimitrijevic, NM
Bartels, DM
Jonah, CD
Takahashi, K
AF Dimitrijevic, NM
Bartels, DM
Jonah, CD
Takahashi, K
TI Pulse radiolytic studies of supercritical CO2
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFUSION-CONTROLLED REACTIONS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTION; FLUIDS;
CHEMISTRY; MIXTURES; RANGE
AB The species produced by ionizing radiation in supercritical CO2 have been measured at a reduced temperature of 1.03 from 78 to 117 bar, It has been shown that C2O4+ is formed. This then reacts with positive ion scavengers. Its rate constant with dimethylaniline is 1.2 x 10(11) l mol(-1) s(-1) at 104 bar. The amount of C2O4+ formed is not proportional to the CO2 density. This is attributed to an increased escape of the geminate ions at lower densities, We have also measured the production of ozone, which implies the production of O atoms and a production of oxygen molecules, Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Hokkaido Univ, Div Quantum Energy Engn, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan.
RP Jonah, CD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Takahashi, Kenji/C-8846-2011; Takahashi, Kenji/F-4885-2014
NR 25
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2614
J9 CHEM PHYS LETT
JI Chem. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 6
PY 1999
VL 309
IS 1-2
BP 61
EP 68
DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(99)00674-0
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 224XX
UT WOS:000081926200009
ER
PT J
AU Greensite, J
Olesen, P
AF Greensite, J
Olesen, P
TI Worldsheet fluctuations and the heavy quark potential in the AdS/CFT
approach
SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE strong coupling expansion; confinement
ID N GAUGE-THEORY; THERMAL FLUCTUATIONS; STRING THEORY; DEPENDENCE;
MEMBRANES
AB We consider contributions to the heavy quark potential, in the AdS/CFT approach to SU(N) gauge theory, which arise from first order fluctuations of the associated worldsheet in anti-deSitter space. The gaussian fluctuations occur around a classical worldsheet configuration resembling an infinite square well, with the bottom of the well lying at the AdS horizon. The eigenvalues of the corresponding laplacean operators can be shown numerically to be very close to those in at space. We find that two of the transverse world sheet fields become massive, which may have implications for the existence of a Luscher term in the heavy quark potential. It is also suggested that these massive degrees of freedom may relate to extrinsic curvature in an effective D = 4 string theory.
C1 San Francisco State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark.
RP Greensite, J (reprint author), San Francisco State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA.
EM greensit@stars.sfsu.edu; polesen@nbi.dk
NR 24
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1029-8479
J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS
JI J. High Energy Phys.
PD AUG 6
PY 1999
IS 4
AR 001
PG 18
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 224MH
UT WOS:000081902500001
ER
PT J
AU Van Siclen, CD
AF Van Siclen, CD
TI Anomalous walker diffusion through composite systems
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL
LA English
DT Article
ID PERCOLATION; CONDUCTIVITY; CLUSTERS
AB Diffusion of a non-biased walker through a composite (multi-phase) system is shown to be anomalous for length scales less than the correlation length xi (i.e., when the path length is measured with a ruler of length less than xi) and Gaussian for length scales greater than xi. The values of xi and the fractal dimension d(w) of the walker path in the anomalous regime reflect the phase properties and phase domain morphology of the composite. They are related to the diffusion coefficient D-w for walker diffusion in the Gaussian regime by D-w proportional to xi(2-dw), and to the macroscopic transport coefficient sigma through the relation sigma proportional to D-w. The correlation length xi thus gives the size above which the composite is effectively homogeneous with respect to the transport property of interest. Walker behaviour is compared for disordered (random), particulate-matrix, and labyrinthine two-phase microstructures.
C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Van Siclen, CD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0305-4470
J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN
JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen.
PD AUG 6
PY 1999
VL 32
IS 31
BP 5763
EP 5771
PG 9
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 225UK
UT WOS:000081983000005
ER
PT J
AU Molina, PE
Ahmed, N
Ajmal, M
Dewey, S
Volkow, N
Fowler, J
Abumrad, N
AF Molina, PE
Ahmed, N
Ajmal, M
Dewey, S
Volkow, N
Fowler, J
Abumrad, N
TI Co-administration of gamma-vinyl GABA and cocaine: Preclinical
assessment of safety
SO LIFE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE cocaine; ALT; toxicity; GVG; cardiac rhythm; MABP; addiction
ID VIGABATRIN; ALANINE; ENDURANCE; DOPAMINE; RELEASE; ABUSE; RATS
AB Gamma-vinyl GABA (GVG, Vigabatrin), an irreversible inhibitor of GABA transaminase (GABA-T) that inhibits cocaine-induced place preference and self administration has been proposed as a treatment for cocaine addiction. It was therefore important to assess if there was an enhanced toxicity from the combination of GVG with cocaine. No mortality was observed with administration of GVG (60 mg/kg IV) alone (n=8) or in combination (n=6) with cocaine (5 mg/kg IV). Cocaine-induced EKG alterations were not affected by GVG pretreatment. Plasma alanine amino transferase activity was reduced by GVG treatment and this was not further modified by cocaine administration. These results suggest that acute co-administration of GVG and cocaine does not result in immediate cardiovascular or hepatic toxicity of sufficient significance, to preclude further clinical trials.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
N Shore Univ Hosp, Dept Surg, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA.
RP Molina, PE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [7RO1 GM50567-05]
NR 18
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0024-3205
J9 LIFE SCI
JI Life Sci.
PD AUG 6
PY 1999
VL 65
IS 11
BP 1175
EP 1182
DI 10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00351-3
PG 8
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 228QU
UT WOS:000082147800009
PM 10503933
ER
PT J
AU Back, CH
Allenspach, R
Weber, W
Parkin, SSP
Weller, D
Garwin, EL
Siegmann, HC
AF Back, CH
Allenspach, R
Weber, W
Parkin, SSP
Weller, D
Garwin, EL
Siegmann, HC
TI Minimum field strength in precessional magnetization reversal
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILMS; PHOTOEMISSION; MAGNETISM; PARTICLES; DYNAMICS; PULSES
AB Ultrafast magnetic field pulses as short as 2 picoseconds are able to reverse the magnetization in thin, in-plane, magnetized cobalt films. The field pulses are applied in the plane of the film, and their direction encompasses all angles with the magnetization. At a right angle to the magnetization, maximum torque is exerted on the spins. In this geometry, a precessional magnetization reversal can be triggered by fields as small as 184 kiloamperes per meter. Applications in future ultrafast magnetic recording schemes can be foreseen.
C1 ETH Zurich, Festkorperphys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
IBM Corp, Div Res, Zurich Res Lab, CH-8803 Ruschlikon, Switzerland.
IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, Div Res, San Jose, CA 95120 USA.
Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Back, CH (reprint author), ETH Zurich, Festkorperphys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
RI Back, Christian/A-8969-2012; Parkin, Stuart/D-2521-2012
OI Back, Christian/0000-0003-3840-0993;
NR 17
TC 214
Z9 219
U1 3
U2 38
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD AUG 6
PY 1999
VL 285
IS 5429
BP 864
EP 867
DI 10.1126/science.285.5429.864
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 223UX
UT WOS:000081860900041
ER
PT J
AU Gutierrez-Mora, F
Dominguez-Rodriguez, A
Routbort, JL
Chaim, R
Guiberteau, F
AF Gutierrez-Mora, F
Dominguez-Rodriguez, A
Routbort, JL
Chaim, R
Guiberteau, F
TI Joining of yttria-tetragonal stabilized zirconia polycrystals using
nanocrystals
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE bonding; ceramics; plasticity
ID SUPERPLASTIC FLOW
C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Mat Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel.
Univ Extremadura, Dept Fis, Badajoz 61070, Spain.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Gutierrez-Mora, F (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Mat Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel.
RI Gutierrez-Mora, Felipe/H-4625-2015;
OI Gutierrez-Mora, Felipe/0000-0003-3632-7163; Dominguez-Rodriguez,
Arturo/0000-0003-1598-5669
NR 11
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD AUG 6
PY 1999
VL 41
IS 5
BP 455
EP 460
DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(99)00190-6
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 227EN
UT WOS:000082065500001
ER
PT J
AU Engler, O
Kong, XW
Lucke, K
AF Engler, O
Kong, XW
Lucke, K
TI Development of microstructure and texture during rolling of single-phase
and two-phase cube-oriented Al-Cu single crystals
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
ID CHANNEL DIE COMPRESSION; ALUMINUM; RECRYSTALLIZATION; NUCLEATION;
PARTICLES; ORIENTATION; DEFORMATION; ALLOYS
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Met Kunde & Met Phys, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
RP Engler, O (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Mail Stop K765, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 25
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD AUG 6
PY 1999
VL 41
IS 5
BP 493
EP 503
DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(99)00180-3
PG 11
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 227EN
UT WOS:000082065500007
ER
PT J
AU Wang, P
Woodward, CA
Kaufman, EN
AF Wang, P
Woodward, CA
Kaufman, EN
TI Poly(ethylene glycol)-modified ligninase enhances pentachlorophenol
biodegradation in water-solvent mixtures
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE pentachlorophenol; ligninase; poly(ethylene glycol); organic solvent;
nonaqueous enzymatic biocatalysis
ID FUNGUS PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS;
MISCIBLE ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; POLYCHLORINATED PHENOLS;
OXIDATIVE-DEGRADATION; ENZYMATIC CATALYSIS; DEGRADING ENZYME;
PEROXIDASE; SOIL; HYDROPHOBICITY
AB Polychlorinated hydrocarbons are prevalent environmental contaminants whose rates of biodegradation are limited by their minimal solubilities in aqueous solutions where the biological reactions take place. In this study, ligninase (LiP) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium was modified by poly(ethylene glycol) to enhance its activity and stability for the biodegradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in the presence of acetonitrile (MeCN), a water-miscible solvent. The modified enzyme retained 100% of its activity in aqueous solutions and showed enhanced tolerance against the organic solvent. The activity of the modified enzyme was found to be over twice that of the native enzyme in the presence of 10% (v/v) MeCN. The solubility of PCP was enhanced significantly by the addition of MeCN to aqueous solutions, such that it was over 10-fold more soluble in the presence of 15% (v/v) MeCN than in pure aqueous buffer solution (from 0.06 to 0.65 mM). Capitalizing on the enhanced substrate solubility and the increased activity of the modified enzyme, the catalytic efficiency of the modified LiP in solutions containing 15% MeCN was over 11-fold higher than that of the native enzyme in buffer solutions (pH 4.2) in unoptimized reactor systems (from 44 to 480 mol PCP/mol LiP.h). Continued research both in the use of organic solvents to increase the availability of recalcitrant contaminants and in the modification of enzymes to enhance their activity and stability in such solvents promises to dramatically affect our ability to remediate contaminated sites. Published by John Wiley & Sons.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Bioproc Res & Dev Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Kaufman, EN (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Bioproc Res & Dev Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 39
TC 29
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA
SN 0006-3592
J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG
JI Biotechnol. Bioeng.
PD AUG 5
PY 1999
VL 64
IS 3
BP 290
EP 297
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19990805)64:3<290::AID-BIT5>3.0.CO;2-K
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 208WL
UT WOS:000081014800005
ER
PT J
AU Sherwood, JL
Petersen, JN
Skeen, RS
AF Sherwood, JL
Petersen, JN
Skeen, RS
TI Biotransformation of carbon tetrachloride by various acetate- and
nitrate-limited denitrifying consortia
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon tetrachloride; consortia; denitrification
ID SP STRAIN-KC; HALOGENATED ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; DENITRIFICATION CONDITIONS;
ELECTRON-DONOR; TRANSFORMATION; BIODEGRADATION; 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE;
DECHLORINATION
AB Fed-batch experiments were performed to determine the carbon tetrachloride (CT)-degrading ability of three denitrifying consortia cultured from sites not contaminated with CT. A mathematical model was used to quantify the rates of CT transformation by the consortia under both acetate-limiting and nitrate-limiting conditions. A rate constant for CT transformation on a cellular protein basis and the fraction of degraded CT transformed to chloroform (CF) were determined for each consortium by optimizing the model to fit the experimental data. The parameters for these experiments were statistically compared to those obtained for previous experiments with a denitrifying consortium cultured from an aquifer soil sample from the US Department of Energy Hanford site in southeastern Washington state. Results of F-test analysis indicated the rate of CT transformation and the production of CF both were functions of the limiting nutrient. Under nitrate-limited conditions, the rate constant for CT transformation for all four consortia was about 30 L/gmol/min and approximately 50% of the CT transformed was converted to CF. When acetate was the limiting nutrient, the rate constant for CT transformation was approximately 8 L/gmol/min and the CF yield decreased to about 25%. These results imply the ability to degrade CT may be inherent to some denitrifying organisms, regardless of previous exposure to CT. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
C1 Washington State Univ, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Bioproc Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Petersen, JN (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, POB 642710, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RI Petersen, James/B-8924-2008
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA
SN 0006-3592
J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG
JI Biotechnol. Bioeng.
PD AUG 5
PY 1999
VL 64
IS 3
BP 342
EP 348
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19990805)64:3<342::AID-BIT10>3.0.CO;2-4
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 208WL
UT WOS:000081014800010
ER
PT J
AU Ressler, T
Brock, SL
Wong, J
Suib, SL
AF Ressler, T
Brock, SL
Wong, J
Suib, SL
TI Multiple-scattering EXAFS analysis of tetraalkylammonium manganese oxide
colloids
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; BUCKLED CRYSTALLINE-STRUCTURE; DISORDERED MIXED SALTS;
NA-RICH BIRNESSITE; FINE-STRUCTURE; HEXAGONAL BIRNESSITE; HYDROUS
OXIDES; SPECTROSCOPY; MN; FE
AB X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Mn K edge was employed to elucidate the structure of colloidal tetraalkylammonium (TAA) manganese oxides in sols and gels obtained by different preparation and heat treatment procedures. Two series of colloidal TAA MnO(x) prepared with tetrapropylammonium (TPA) and tetraethylammonium (TEA) cations were studied. Several manganese oxides, birnessite, and feitknechtite were also measured and served as model compounds for structural refinements. Near edge structure (XANES) analysis revealed different average valences of the colloidal systems. As synthesized and heat-treated, TAA colloids exhibited an average valence of 3.6-3.7, whereas gelled TAA colloids showed a lower average valence of similar to 3.5. Extended absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis was carried out to distances of -6.0 Angstrom around the central Mn atom using theoretical backscattering phases and amplitudes calculated from the ab initio FEFF code. All multiple-scattering (MS) paths with a weight of 2% and more with respect to the main Fourier transform peak were included in the refinement. It is found that, except for gelled TAA samples, no significant amount of corner-shared MnO(6) units was detected in the colloidal systems. Theoretical EXAFS phases and amplitudes were derived for a monoclinic birnessite MnO(x) layer structure consisting of edge-shared MnO(6) octahedra. EXAFS refinements utilizing these phases and amplitudes resulted in good agreement with experimental data. Differences in the refined scattering shell distances between the TPA and TEA series suggest a structure influencing effect of the two ammonium ions. Bond angles between neighboring MnO(6) octahedra were determined from the amplitude dependence of a collinear Mn-Mn-Mn MS path on deviations from 180 degrees ("focusing effect"). On the basis of the bond angles, and with use of the average valence to define the distribution of tri- and tetravalent manganese in the MnO(x) layers, three distinct 2D structures are proposed: one for birnessite, one for TAA sols, and one for TAA gels.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Univ Connecticut, Dept Chem, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
Univ Connecticut, Dept Chem Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
Univ Connecticut, Inst Sci Mat, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
RP Ressler, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM ressler@fhi-berlin.mpg.de
OI Brock, Stephanie/0000-0002-0439-302X
NR 41
TC 99
Z9 99
U1 0
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD AUG 5
PY 1999
VL 103
IS 31
BP 6407
EP 6420
DI 10.1021/jp9835972
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 227UW
UT WOS:000082099200004
ER
PT J
AU Lee, YC
Curtiss, LA
Ratner, MA
Shriver, DF
AF Lee, YC
Curtiss, LA
Ratner, MA
Shriver, DF
TI Computational studies of polyelectrolytes containing zeolitic fragments
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRICAL RESPONSE; PROTON AFFINITIES; ABINITIO; ELECTROLYTES;
FRAMEWORK; SIZE; BOND
AB The structures and sodium affinities of a series of zeolitic fragments [H3Al(OCH3)(x)(OSiH3)(1-x)(-), 2T, H2Al(OCH3)(x)(OSiH3)(2-x)(-), 3T, Al(OCH3)(x)(OSiH3)(4-x)(-), 5T] that mimic the charge sites in polyelectrolytes are calculated by ab initio molecular orbital methods at different levels of theory. At the HF/6-31G* level, the decrease in the sodium affinity due to the substitution of an OCH3 group by an OSiH3 group is about 8 kcal/mol in the 2T and 3T systems. In the 5T systems, the replacement of a sodium-coordinated OCH3 group by an OSiH3 group causes a decrease of 7 kcal/mol in the sodium affinity, while the substitution for a non-sodium-coordinated OCH3 group results in a 2.7 kcal/mol decrease. The lower sodium affinity indicates a weaker Coulombic interaction, suggesting an enhanced ionic conductivity with the substitution of carbon by silicon, consistent with experimental results. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses show that silicon-bonded oxygen atoms have smaller lone-pair dipole moments, resulting in a lower sodium affinity. The substitution of aluminum by boron leads to a higher sodium affinity, although the effect of replacing an OCH3 group by an OSiH3 group still reduces the sodium affinity. The effect of the sodium cation on the bond angles in these systems is also investigated.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Ctr Mat Res, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Curtiss, LA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5647
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD AUG 5
PY 1999
VL 103
IS 31
BP 6445
EP 6449
DI 10.1021/jp990649u
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 227UW
UT WOS:000082099200009
ER
PT J
AU Brisudova, M
Burakovsky, L
Goldman, T
AF Brisudova, M
Burakovsky, L
Goldman, T
TI Effect of color screening on heavy quarkonia Regge trajectories
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
DE Regge trajectories; spectroscopy; potential models; color screening
ID SCALAR MATTER; GAUGE-THEORY; QCD; CONFINEMENT; SCATTERING; FERMIONS;
PHYSICS
AB Using an unquenched lattice potential to calculate the spectrum of a bottomonium-like system, we demonstrate numerically that the effect of pair creation is to produce termination of the real part of hadronic Regge trajectories, in contrast to the Veneziano model and the vast majority of phenomenological generalizations. Termination of the real part of Regge trajectories may have significant experimental consequences. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Brisudova, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B283, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 30
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD AUG 5
PY 1999
VL 460
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 7
DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00732-7
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 225NV
UT WOS:000081968400001
ER
PT J
AU Kauer, N
Reina, L
Repond, J
Zeppenfeld, D
AF Kauer, N
Reina, L
Repond, J
Zeppenfeld, D
TI NLO QCD predictions for internal jet shapes in DIS at HERA
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGHER-ORDER CORRECTIONS; TO-LEADING ORDER; HADRON COLLIDERS;
P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; TEV; EP
AB The transverse momentum flow inside jets is a sensitive measure of internal jet structure. For the current jets in deep inelastic scattering this jet shape measure is determined at order alpha(s)(2), i.e. with up to three partons inside a single jet. The scale dependence of jet shapes in various jet algorithms is discussed. Results agree well with recent measurements by the ZEUS Collaboration, without introducing the hadronization parameter R-sep. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Kauer, N (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD AUG 5
PY 1999
VL 460
IS 1-2
BP 189
EP 196
DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00735-2
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 225NV
UT WOS:000081968400028
ER
PT J
AU Huynh, WU
Peng, XG
Alivisatos, AP
AF Huynh, WU
Peng, XG
Alivisatos, AP
TI CdSe nanocrystal rods/poly(3-hexylthiophene) composite photovoltaic
devices
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; DONOR-ACCEPTOR HETEROJUNCTIONS; SIDE-CHAIN
LENGTH; CHARGE SEPARATION; POLYMERS; PHOTODIODES; FILMS; CELLS
AB Communication: Photovoltaic devices remain an important aim for thin films of conjugated polymers. Here is reported the construction of devices with improved photovoltaic performance, which is achieved by blending elongated CdSe nanocrystals (see Figure) with regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene). Improved transport arising from denser aggregation between the elongated particles is a probable source of the enhanced energy conversion.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Alivisatos, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015; peng, xiaogang/R-6184-2016
OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048; peng,
xiaogang/0000-0002-5606-8472
NR 19
TC 504
Z9 519
U1 5
U2 114
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD AUG 3
PY 1999
VL 11
IS 11
BP 923
EP +
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4095(199908)11:11<923::AID-ADMA923>3.0.CO;2-T
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 228YK
UT WOS:000082165000012
ER
PT J
AU Salaniwal, S
Cui, ST
Cummings, PT
Cochran, HD
AF Salaniwal, S
Cui, ST
Cummings, PT
Cochran, HD
TI Self-assembly of reverse micelles in water/surfactant/carbon dioxide
systems by molecular simulation
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Letter
ID SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS;
COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; WATER; MICROEMULSIONS; FLUIDS; SURFACTANTS;
EXTRACTION; CO2
AB One of the primary reasons that supercritical carbon dioxide has thus far failed to achieve its full potential as an environmentally benign alternative to conventional industrial solvents is that few surfactants are known at present for use in CO2. As an initial step toward developing the molecular-level understanding needed to design new surfactants, we report the first molecular simulations of the self-assembly of dichain surfactants in supercritical carbon dioxide into stable, spherical aggregates. These aggregates exhibit the expected characteristics of reverse micelles with aqueous cores, consistent, with earlier experimental findings, demonstrating the potential of molecular simulation for modeling such complex systems.
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Cummings, PT (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RI Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013
OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216
NR 29
TC 79
Z9 80
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD AUG 3
PY 1999
VL 15
IS 16
BP 5188
EP 5192
DI 10.1021/la9904556
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 227KJ
UT WOS:000082079300002
ER
PT J
AU Parikh, AN
Beers, JD
Shreve, AP
Swanson, BI
AF Parikh, AN
Beers, JD
Shreve, AP
Swanson, BI
TI Infrared spectroscopic characterization of lipid-alkylsiloxane hybrid
bilayer membranes at oxide substrates
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Review
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; SINGLE
PHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYERS; LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; X-RAY REFLECTIVITY;
MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; N-OCTADECYLTRICHLOROSILANE;
AIR/WATER INTERFACE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES
AB Successive depositions of precompressed Langmuir monolayers have been shown to allow reproducible formation of air-stable, lipid-alkylsiloxane hybrid bimolecular architectures at oxidic supports. Specifically, prepolymerized Langmuir-Blodgett films of n-octadecylsiloxane (OTS) monolayers on oxided silicon substrates were used as the hydrophobic templates, upon which compressed monolayers of dipalmitoyl-sn1-glycerophosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and monosialogangliosides (Gm1) were deposited from a low-temperature air-water interface by the horizontal deposition method. Structural features of each leaflet of the resultant bimolecular architectures, namely DPPC/OTS/SiO2/Si and Gm1/OTS/SiO2/Si, were characterized using a combined application of infrared spectroscopy, null-ellipsometry, and surface wetting measurements. In both cases, the outer lipid leaflet (DPPC or Gm1) was found to be structurally decoupled with respect to the inner OTS layer. The inner silane layer was composed of essentially untilted (cant angle, theta = 0 - 10 degrees), all-trans chains at the dense packing of similar to 19 Angstrom(2)/molecule, consistent with the previously reported structure in solution-phase assembled OTS monolayers. The outer DPPC leaflet, however, was found to be composed of collectively tilted (theta = 36 degrees), all-trans acyl chains at the lower chain-packing density (similar to 26-28 Angstrom(2)/chain) whereas the outer Gm1 leaflet was concluded to have essentially untilted chains at similarly lower chain-packing densities (similar to 23-26 Angstrom(2)/chain) but with the carbohydrate head-groups disposed in a topologically staggered conformation. The structural independence of the two leaflets in the two classes of bilayered architectures examined here confirms the possibility of independently manipulating the molecular structure in each leaflet of supported hybrid bilayers.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Adv Instrumentat & Diagnost Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Parikh, AN (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Adv Instrumentat & Diagnost Grp, CST 1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI PARIKH, ATUL/D-2243-2014
OI PARIKH, ATUL/0000-0002-5927-4968
NR 111
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 5
U2 25
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD AUG 3
PY 1999
VL 15
IS 16
BP 5369
EP 5381
DI 10.1021/la9813679
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 227KJ
UT WOS:000082079300030
ER
PT J
AU Emery, VJ
Kivelson, SA
Tranquada, JM
AF Emery, VJ
Kivelson, SA
Tranquada, JM
TI Stripe phases in high-temperature superconductors
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID T-J MODEL; MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS; SEPARATION; LIQUID; HOLES;
ANTIFERROMAGNETS; LA2-XSRXCUO4; DIFFRACTION; MECHANISM; METALS
AB Stripe phases are predicted and observed to occur in a class of strongly correlated materials describable as doped antiferromagnets, of which the copper-oxide superconductors are the most prominent representatives. The existence of stripe correlations necessitates the development of new principles for describing charge transport and especially superconductivity in these materials.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Kivelson, SA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys, 405 Hilgard Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009
OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857
NR 43
TC 268
Z9 270
U1 3
U2 21
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD AUG 3
PY 1999
VL 96
IS 16
BP 8814
EP 8817
DI 10.1073/pnas.96.16.8814
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 223HL
UT WOS:000081835500006
PM 10430848
ER
PT J
AU Pande, VS
Rokhsar, DS
AF Pande, VS
Rokhsar, DS
TI Molecular dynamics simulations of unfolding and refolding of a
beta-hairpin fragment of protein G
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSITION-STATE; ENERGY; WATER; STABILITY; PATHWAYS; BARNASE; MODEL;
VIEW
AB We have studied the unfolding and refolding pathway of a beta-hairpin fragment of protein G by using molecular dynamics. Although this fragment is small, it possesses several of the qualities ascribed to small proteins: cooperatively formed beta-sheet secondary structure and a hydrophobic "core'' of packed side chains. At high temperatures, we find that the beta-hairpin unfolds through a series of sudden, discrete conformational changes. These changes occur between states that are identified with the folded state, a pair of partially unfolded kinetic intermediates, and the unfolded state. To study refolding at low temperatures, we perform a series of short simulations starting from the transition states of the discrete transitions determined by the unfolding simulations.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Rokhsar, DS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 34
TC 284
Z9 287
U1 3
U2 17
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD AUG 3
PY 1999
VL 96
IS 16
BP 9062
EP 9067
DI 10.1073/pnas.96.16.9062
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 223HL
UT WOS:000081835500053
PM 10430895
ER
PT J
AU Gabriel, JM
Merchant, M
Ohta, T
Ji, Y
Caldwell, RG
Ramsey, MJ
Tucker, JD
Longnecker, R
Nicholls, RD
AF Gabriel, JM
Merchant, M
Ohta, T
Ji, Y
Caldwell, RG
Ramsey, MJ
Tucker, JD
Longnecker, R
Nicholls, RD
TI A transgene insertion creating a heritable chromosome deletion mouse
model of Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE imprinting; epigenetic; failure-to-thrive methylation; non-Merdeliar
ID ALLELE-SPECIFIC REPLICATION; BETA-3 SUBUNIT; IMPRINTED GENE;
CLEFT-PALATE; NECDIN GENE; MICE; MUTATIONS; ABSENCE; REGION
AB Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) result from the loss of function of imprinted genes in human chromosome 15q11-q13, The central part of mouse chromosome 7 is homologous to human 15q11-q13, with conservation of both gene order and imprinted features. We report here the characterization of a transgene insertion (Epstein-Barr virus Latent Membrane Protein 2A, LMP2A) into mouse chromosome 7C, which has resulted in mouse models for PWS and AS dependent on the sex of the transmitting parent. Epigenotype (allelic expression and DNA methylation) and fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses indicate that the transgene-induced mutation has generated a complete deletion of the PWS/AS-homologous region but has not deleted flanking loci. Because the intact chromosome 7, opposite the deleted homolog, maintains the correct imprint in somatic cells of PWS and AS mice and establishes the correct imprint in male and female germ cells of AS mice, homologous association and replication asynchrony are not part of the imprinting mechanism. This heritable-deletion mouse model will be particularly useful for the identification of the etiological genes and mechanisms, phenotypic basis, and investigation of therapeutic approaches for PWS.
C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
Univ Hosp Cleveland, Ctr Human Genet, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Nicholls, RD (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
OI Merchant, Mark/0000-0003-0690-8581
FU NCI NIH HHS [T32 CA009560, R01 CA073507, R01 CA062234]; NIAID NIH HHS
[T32 AI007476]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD31491, HD36079, R01 HD031491]; NIGMS
NIH HHS [GM08613, T32 GM008613]
NR 35
TC 83
Z9 83
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD AUG 3
PY 1999
VL 96
IS 16
BP 9258
EP 9263
DI 10.1073/pnas.96.16.9258
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 223HL
UT WOS:000081835500088
PM 10430930
ER
PT J
AU Schneider, JM
Anders, A
Brown, IG
Hjorvarsson, B
Hultman, L
AF Schneider, JM
Anders, A
Brown, IG
Hjorvarsson, B
Hultman, L
TI Temporal development of the plasma composition of a pulsed aluminum
plasma stream in the presence of oxygen
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHARGE-STATE DISTRIBUTIONS; VACUUM-ARC; GAS
AB We describe the temporal development of the plasma composition of pulsed aluminum plasma streams at various oxygen pressures. The plasma was formed with a vacuum arc plasma source and the time resolved plasma composition was measured with time-of-flight charge-to-mass spectrometry. The temporal development of the plasma composition as well as the Al average ion charge state was found to be a strong function of the oxygen pressure. Oxygen and hydrogen concentrations of up to 0.36 and 0.32, respectively, were found in the first 50 mu s of the pulse at oxygen pressures of greater than or equal to 5x10(-5) Torr. The average charge state of aluminum ions was found to vary from +1.2 to +2.5 depending on the oxygen pressure and the time elapsed after ignition of the arc. These results are of fundamental importance for the understanding of the evolution of the composition (through the plasma composition) and microstructure (through the Al ion flux energy) of alumina thin films produced by pulsed, reactive aluminum plasmas. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)01231-0].
C1 Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys, Thin Film Phys Div, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Phys, KTH, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Schneider, JM (reprint author), Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys, Thin Film Phys Div, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden.
RI Schneider, Jochen/A-4701-2012; Hjorvarsson, Bjorgvin/B-3022-2011;
Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009;
OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505; Hjorvarsson,
Bjorgvin/0000-0003-1803-9467
NR 12
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
VL 75
IS 5
BP 612
EP 614
DI 10.1063/1.124457
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 220BF
UT WOS:000081644100006
ER
PT J
AU Snodgrass, JW
Meffe, GK
AF Snodgrass, JW
Meffe, GK
TI Habitat use and temporal dynamics of blackwater stream fishes in and
adjacent to beaver ponds
SO COPEIA
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLE SPATIAL SCALES; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; LANDSCAPE; ASSEMBLAGE;
COMMUNITIES; INTEGRITY; FRAMEWORK; POSITION
AB We sampled stream fishes within and at varying distances from beaver ponds for two years in two southeastern blackwater streams. Our objectives were to determine whether species showed ontogenetic or seasonal shifts in habitat use involving impounded and free-flowing stream reaches and whether assemblage structure and dynamics varied between ponds and streams and as a function of upstream distance from ponds. Age-0 and adults of most of the more abundant species (15) were collected in either streams or ponds, suggesting no ontogenetic or seasonal shifts in habitat use for these species; The proportions of age-0 to adult fish of four species were higher in ponds than streams, suggesting movement of adults to ponds to breed. The proportion of age-0 to adult Erimyzon oblongus was higher in streams when compared to ponds, suggesting adults of this species supplement food re sources by feeding in ponds. Assemblage structure was less stable in ponds when compared to streams. In streams, age-0 and adult fish densities and population coefficients of variation (cv) declined with upstream distance from ponds. Because high CVs were typical of species occurring in streams throughout their life, and habitat structure and variability were not related to upstream distance from ponds, interactions between pond boundaries and fish movement are probably responsible for the patterns we observed in streams adjacent to ponds.
C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, CRESP, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA.
RP Snodgrass, JW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RI Snodgrass, Joel/C-5288-2016;
OI Snodgrass, Joel/0000-0002-4436-8750
NR 37
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS
PI CHARLESTON
PA UNIV CHARLESTON, GRICE MARINE LABORATORY, 205 FORT JOHNSON RD,
CHARLESTON, SC 29412 USA
SN 0045-8511
J9 COPEIA
JI Copeia
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
IS 3
BP 628
EP 639
DI 10.2307/1447595
PG 12
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 227HR
UT WOS:000082075500007
ER
PT J
AU Schultz, DL
AF Schultz, DL
TI Population structure, reproduction, and lipid cycling in the dusky
shiner (Notropis cummingsae) in contrasting streams
SO COPEIA
LA English
DT Article
ID LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; GAMBUSIA-HOLBROOKI; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; EASTERN
MOSQUITOFISH; FISH; SIZE; AGE; EVOLUTION; SURVIVAL; SALMON
AB To document the reproductive aml lipid cycle of the dusky shiner, and to determine how environmental differences can influence patterns of reproduction and lipid storage, I sampled dusky shiners from January 1989 to June 1991 from two streams in west central South Carolina Upper Three Runs and Four Mile Creek. The streams were chosen because of likely differences in primary productivity. Sex, ovary mass, reproductive stage, somatic dry mass, and lipid mass were quantified, as appropriate, for all individuals sampled. There were many differences between the two streams that suggested shiners in Four Mile Creek had greater resource availability during most years, including greater monthly growth, larger ovaries, a longer spawning season, and higher maximum somatic lipid level. In both streams, females accumulated lipid prior to ovarian enlargement and depleted lipid through a spawning season that spanned three or four months. Males accumulated and depleted lipid in a pattern similar to that seen in females but not to the same extent. There was no apparent lipid accumulation or depletion in immature individuals. There was a clear temporal relationship between lipid accumulation and ovarian enlargement. Lipid accumulation appears to be a prerequisite for reproduction. Lipid accumulation in fall appears to be facultative and not a prerequisite for winter survival. Size-specific differences in reproductive performance appear to be the product of size-specific differences in lipid storage. Large adults became rare in late summer when lipid levels were low. The differences between the two populations are consistent with the theoretical expectation that greater resource availability favors earlier maturation and greater allocation to reproduction.
C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RP Schultz, DL (reprint author), Nicholls State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Thibodaux, LA 70310 USA.
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS
PI CHARLESTON
PA UNIV CHARLESTON, GRICE MARINE LABORATORY, 205 FORT JOHNSON RD,
CHARLESTON, SC 29412 USA
SN 0045-8511
J9 COPEIA
JI Copeia
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
IS 3
BP 669
EP 683
PG 15
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 227HR
UT WOS:000082075500011
ER
PT J
AU Masiero, A
Murayama, H
AF Masiero, A
Murayama, H
TI Can epsilon '/epsilon be supersymmetric?
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHANGING NEUTRAL CURRENTS; STANDARD MODEL; FCNC; QCD
AB Supersymmetric contributions to epsilon(I)/epsilon have been generally regarded as small. We point out, however, that this is based on specific assumptions, such as universal scalar mass, and in general need not be true. Based on (1) hierarchical quark Yukawa matrices protected by flavor symmetry, (2) generic dependence of Yukawa matrices on Polonyi/moduli fields as expected in many supergravity/superstring theories, (3) Cabibbo rotation originating from the down-sector, and (4) phases of order unity, we find the typical supersymmetric contribution to epsilon(I)/epsilon to be of order 3 x 10(-3) for m((q) over bar) = 500 GeV, possibly dominating the reported KTeV Collaboration value epsilon(I)/epsilon = (28 +/- 4.1) X 10(-4). If so, the neutron electric dipole moment is likely to be within the reach of the currently planned experiments.
C1 SISSA, I-34014 Trieste, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Masiero, A (reprint author), SISSA, Via Beirut 2-4, I-34014 Trieste, Italy.
RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011
NR 25
TC 122
Z9 122
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 5
BP 907
EP 910
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.907
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223BT
UT WOS:000081820400005
ER
PT J
AU Sosa, M
Berisso, MC
Christian, DC
Felix, J
Gara, A
Gottschalk, E
Gutierrez, G
Hartouni, EP
Knapp, BC
Kreisler, MN
Lee, S
Markianos, K
Moreno, G
Reyes, MA
Wang, M
Wehmann, A
Wesson, D
AF Sosa, M
Berisso, MC
Christian, DC
Felix, J
Gara, A
Gottschalk, E
Gutierrez, G
Hartouni, EP
Knapp, BC
Kreisler, MN
Lee, S
Markianos, K
Moreno, G
Reyes, MA
Wang, M
Wehmann, A
Wesson, D
TI Spin-parity analysis of the centrally produced (KSK +/-)-K-0 pi(-/+)
system at 800 GeV/c
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICLE PHYSICS; 85 GEV/C; MESON
AB Results are presented from an analysis of a large sample of centrally produced mesons in the reaction pp --> p(slow) (K(s)(0)K(+/-)pi(+/-))p(fast) with 800 GeV/c protons incident on liquid hydrogen. Two resonances dominate the final state, the f(1)(1285), decaying into a(0)pi, and the f(1)(1420), decaying into K*K. Both mesons are produced with equal amounts of /J(z)/(eta) = 1(+/-), and no J(z) = 0.
C1 Univ Guanajuato, Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico.
Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA.
RP Univ Guanajuato, Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico.
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 5
BP 913
EP 916
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.913
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223BT
UT WOS:000081820400007
ER
PT J
AU Alavi-Harati, A
Albuquerque, IF
Alexopoulos, T
Arenton, M
Arisaka, K
Averitte, S
Barker, AR
Bellantoni, L
Bellavance, A
Belz, J
Ben-David, R
Bergman, DR
Blucher, E
Bock, GJ
Bown, C
Bright, S
Cheu, E
Childress, S
Coleman, R
Corcoran, MD
Corti, G
Cox, B
Crisler, MB
Erwin, AR
Ford, R
Golossanov, A
Graham, G
Graham, J
Hagan, K
Halkiadakis, E
Hanagaki, K
Hidaka, S
Hsiung, YB
Jejer, V
Jennings, J
Jensen, DA
Kessler, R
Kobrak, HGE
LaDue, J
Lath, A
Ledovskoy, A
McBride, PL
McManus, AP
Mikelsons, P
Monnier, E
Nakaya, T
Nauenberg, U
Nelson, KS
Nguyen, H
O'Dell, V
Pang, M
Pordes, R
Prasad, V
Qiao, C
Quinn, B
Ramberg, EJ
Ray, RE
Roodman, A
Sadamoto, M
Schnetzer, S
Senyo, K
Shanahan, P
Shawhan, PS
Slater, W
Solomey, N
Somalwar, SV
Stone, RL
Suzuki, I
Swallow, EC
Swanson, RA
Taegar, SA
Tesarek, RJ
Thomson, GB
Toale, PA
Tripathi, A
Tschirhart, R
Wah, YW
Wang, J
White, HB
Whitmore, J
Winstein, B
Winston, R
Wu, JY
Yamanaka, T
Zimmerman, ED
AF Alavi-Harati, A
Albuquerque, IF
Alexopoulos, T
Arenton, M
Arisaka, K
Averitte, S
Barker, AR
Bellantoni, L
Bellavance, A
Belz, J
Ben-David, R
Bergman, DR
Blucher, E
Bock, GJ
Bown, C
Bright, S
Cheu, E
Childress, S
Coleman, R
Corcoran, MD
Corti, G
Cox, B
Crisler, MB
Erwin, AR
Ford, R
Golossanov, A
Graham, G
Graham, J
Hagan, K
Halkiadakis, E
Hanagaki, K
Hidaka, S
Hsiung, YB
Jejer, V
Jennings, J
Jensen, DA
Kessler, R
Kobrak, HGE
LaDue, J
Lath, A
Ledovskoy, A
McBride, PL
McManus, AP
Mikelsons, P
Monnier, E
Nakaya, T
Nauenberg, U
Nelson, KS
Nguyen, H
O'Dell, V
Pang, M
Pordes, R
Prasad, V
Qiao, C
Quinn, B
Ramberg, EJ
Ray, RE
Roodman, A
Sadamoto, M
Schnetzer, S
Senyo, K
Shanahan, P
Shawhan, PS
Slater, W
Solomey, N
Somalwar, SV
Stone, RL
Suzuki, I
Swallow, EC
Swanson, RA
Taegar, SA
Tesarek, RJ
Thomson, GB
Toale, PA
Tripathi, A
Tschirhart, R
Wah, YW
Wang, J
White, HB
Whitmore, J
Winstein, B
Winston, R
Wu, JY
Yamanaka, T
Zimmerman, ED
TI Measurement of the decay K-L -> pi(0)gamma gamma
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID K(L)->PI(0)GAMMA-GAMMA
AB We report on a new measurement of the decay K-L --> pi(0)gamma gamma by the KTeV experiment at Fermilab. We determine the K-L --> pi(0)gamma gamma branching ratio to be (1.68 +/- 0.07 +/- 0.08) x 10(-6). Our data show the first evidence for a low-mass gamma gamma signal as predicted by recent O(p(6)) chiral perturbation calculations which include vector meson exchange contributions. From our data, we extract a value for the effective vector coupling a(V) = -0.72 +/- 0.05 +/- 0.06.
C1 Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Elmhurst Coll, Elmhurst, IL 60126 USA.
Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Osaka Univ, Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan.
Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA.
Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.
Univ Virginia, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Cheu, E (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RI Albuquerque, Ivone/H-4645-2012
OI Albuquerque, Ivone/0000-0001-7328-0136
NR 11
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 5
BP 917
EP 921
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.917
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223BT
UT WOS:000081820400008
ER
PT J
AU Alavi-Harati, A
Albuquerque, IF
Alexopoulos, T
Arenton, M
Arisaka, K
Averitte, S
Barker, AR
Bellantoni, L
Bellavance, A
Belz, J
Ben-David, R
Bergman, DR
Blucher, E
Bock, GJ
Bown, C
Bright, S
Cheu, E
Childress, S
Coleman, R
Corcoran, MD
Corti, G
Cox, B
Crisler, MB
Erwin, AR
Ford, R
Golossanov, A
Graham, G
Graham, J
Hagan, K
Halkiadakis, E
Hanagaki, K
Hidaka, S
Hsiung, YB
Jejer, V
Jennings, J
Jensen, DA
Kessler, R
Kobrak, HGE
LaDue, J
Lath, A
Ledovskoy, A
McBride, PL
McManus, AP
Mikelsons, P
Monnier, E
Nakaya, T
Nauenberg, U
Nelson, KS
Nguyen, H
O'Dell, V
Pang, M
Pordes, R
Prasad, V
Qiao, C
Quinn, B
Ramberg, EJ
Ray, RE
Roodman, A
Sadamoto, M
Schnetzer, S
Senyo, K
Shanahan, P
Shawhan, PS
Slater, W
Solomey, N
Somalwar, SV
Stone, RL
Suzuki, I
Swallow, EC
Swanson, RA
Taegar, SA
Tesarek, RJ
Thomson, GB
Toale, PA
Tripathi, A
Tschirhart, R
Wah, YW
Wang, J
White, HB
Whitmore, J
Winstein, B
Winston, R
Wu, JY
Yamanaka, T
Zimmerman, ED
AF Alavi-Harati, A
Albuquerque, IF
Alexopoulos, T
Arenton, M
Arisaka, K
Averitte, S
Barker, AR
Bellantoni, L
Bellavance, A
Belz, J
Ben-David, R
Bergman, DR
Blucher, E
Bock, GJ
Bown, C
Bright, S
Cheu, E
Childress, S
Coleman, R
Corcoran, MD
Corti, G
Cox, B
Crisler, MB
Erwin, AR
Ford, R
Golossanov, A
Graham, G
Graham, J
Hagan, K
Halkiadakis, E
Hanagaki, K
Hidaka, S
Hsiung, YB
Jejer, V
Jennings, J
Jensen, DA
Kessler, R
Kobrak, HGE
LaDue, J
Lath, A
Ledovskoy, A
McBride, PL
McManus, AP
Mikelsons, P
Monnier, E
Nakaya, T
Nauenberg, U
Nelson, KS
Nguyen, H
O'Dell, V
Pang, M
Pordes, R
Prasad, V
Qiao, C
Quinn, B
Ramberg, EJ
Ray, RE
Roodman, A
Sadamoto, M
Schnetzer, S
Senyo, K
Shanahan, P
Shawhan, PS
Slater, W
Solomey, N
Somalwar, SV
Stone, RL
Suzuki, I
Swallow, EC
Swanson, RA
Taegar, SA
Tesarek, RJ
Thomson, GB
Toale, PA
Tripathi, A
Tschirhart, R
Wah, YW
Wang, J
White, HB
Whitmore, J
Winstein, B
Winston, R
Wu, JY
Yamanaka, T
Zimmerman, ED
TI Measurement of the branching ratio of pi(0) -> e(+)e(-) using K-L -> 3
pi(0) decays in flight
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; PI(0)->E(+)E(-); PI-0->E+E
AB The branching ratio of the rare decay pi(0) --> e(+)e(-) has been measured in E799-II, a rare kaon decay experiment using the KTeV detector at Fermilab. We observed 275 candidate pi(0) --> e(+)e(-) events, with an expected background of 21.4 +/- 6.2 events which includes the contribution from Dalitz decays. We measured B[pi(0) --> e(+)e(-), (m(e+e-)/m(pi 0))(2) > 0.95] = (6.09 +/- 0.40 +/- 0.24) X 10(-8), where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. This result is the first significant observation of the excess rate for this decay above the unitarity lower bound.
C1 Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Elmhurst Coll, Elmhurst, IL 60126 USA.
Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Osaka Univ, Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan.
Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA.
Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.
Univ Virginia, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Zimmerman, ED (reprint author), Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RI Albuquerque, Ivone/H-4645-2012
OI Albuquerque, Ivone/0000-0001-7328-0136
NR 16
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 5
BP 922
EP 925
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.922
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223BT
UT WOS:000081820400009
ER
PT J
AU Aggarwal, MM
Agnihotri, A
Ahammed, Z
Angelis, ALS
Antonenko, V
Arefiev, V
Astakhov, V
Avdeitchikov, V
Awes, TC
Baba, PVKS
Badyal, SK
Baldine, A
Barabach, L
Barlag, C
Bathe, S
Batiounia, B
Bernier, T
Bhalla, KB
Bhatia, VS
Blume, C
Bock, R
Bohne, EM
Borocz, ZK
Bucher, D
Buijs, A
Busching, H
Carlen, L
Chalyshev, V
Chattopadhyay, S
Cherbatchev, R
Chujo, T
Claussen, A
Das, AC
Decowski, MP
Delagrange, H
Djordjadze, V
Donni, P
Doubovik, I
Dutt, S
Majumdar, MRD
El Chenawi, K
Eliseev, S
Enosawa, K
Foka, P
Fokin, S
Frolov, V
Ganti, MS
Garpman, S
Gavrishchuk, O
Geurts, FJM
Ghosh, TK
Glasow, R
Gupta, SK
Guskov, B
Gustafsson, HA
Gutbrod, HH
Higuchi, R
Hrivnacova, I
Ippolitov, M
Kalechofsky, H
Kamermans, R
Kampert, KH
Karadjev, K
Karpio, K
Kato, S
Kees, S
Kim, H
Kolb, BW
Kosarev, I
Koutcheryaev, I
Krumpel, T
Kugler, A
Kulinich, P
Kurata, M
Kurita, K
Kuzmin, N
Langbein, I
Lebedev, A
Lee, YY
Lohner, H
Luquin, L
Mahapatra, DP
Manko, V
Martin, M
Martinez, G
Maximov, A
Mehdiyev, R
Mgebrichvili, G
Miake, Y
Mikhalev, D
Mir, MF
Mishra, GC
Miyamoto, Y
Morrison, D
Mukhopadhyay, DS
Myalkovski, V
Naef, H
Nandi, BK
Nayak, SK
Nayak, TK
Neumaier, S
Nianine, A
Nikitine, V
Nikolaev, S
Nilsson, P
Nishimura, S
Nomokonov, P
Nystrand, J
Obenshain, FE
Oskarsson, A
Otterlund, I
Pachr, M
Parfenov, A
Pavliouk, S
Peitzmann, T
Petracek, V
Plasil, F
Pinganaud, W
Purschke, ML
Raeven, B
Rak, J
Raniwala, R
Raniwala, S
Ramamurthy, VS
Rao, NK
Retiere, F
Reygers, K
Roland, G
Rosselet, L
Roufanov, I
Roy, C
Rubio, JM
Sako, H
Sambyal, SS
Santo, R
Sato, S
Schlagheck, H
Schmidt, HR
Schutz, Y
Shabratova, G
Shah, TH
Sibiriak, I
Siemiarczuk, T
Silvermyr, D
Sinha, BC
Slavine, N
Soderstrom, I
Solomey, N
Sorensen, SP
Stankus, P
Stefanek, G
Steinberg, P
Stenlund, E
Stuken, D
Sumbera, M
Svensson, T
Trivedi, MD
Tsvetkov, A
Tykarski, L
Urbahn, J
von der Pijll, EC
von Eijndhoven, N
von Nieuwenhuizen, GJ
Vinogradov, A
Viyogi, YP
Vodopianov, A
Voros, S
Wyslouch, B
Yagi, K
Yokota, Y
Young, GR
AF Aggarwal, MM
Agnihotri, A
Ahammed, Z
Angelis, ALS
Antonenko, V
Arefiev, V
Astakhov, V
Avdeitchikov, V
Awes, TC
Baba, PVKS
Badyal, SK
Baldine, A
Barabach, L
Barlag, C
Bathe, S
Batiounia, B
Bernier, T
Bhalla, KB
Bhatia, VS
Blume, C
Bock, R
Bohne, EM
Borocz, ZK
Bucher, D
Buijs, A
Busching, H
Carlen, L
Chalyshev, V
Chattopadhyay, S
Cherbatchev, R
Chujo, T
Claussen, A
Das, AC
Decowski, MP
Delagrange, H
Djordjadze, V
Donni, P
Doubovik, I
Dutt, S
Majumdar, MRD
El Chenawi, K
Eliseev, S
Enosawa, K
Foka, P
Fokin, S
Frolov, V
Ganti, MS
Garpman, S
Gavrishchuk, O
Geurts, FJM
Ghosh, TK
Glasow, R
Gupta, SK
Guskov, B
Gustafsson, HA
Gutbrod, HH
Higuchi, R
Hrivnacova, I
Ippolitov, M
Kalechofsky, H
Kamermans, R
Kampert, KH
Karadjev, K
Karpio, K
Kato, S
Kees, S
Kim, H
Kolb, BW
Kosarev, I
Koutcheryaev, I
Krumpel, T
Kugler, A
Kulinich, P
Kurata, M
Kurita, K
Kuzmin, N
Langbein, I
Lebedev, A
Lee, YY
Lohner, H
Luquin, L
Mahapatra, DP
Manko, V
Martin, M
Martinez, G
Maximov, A
Mehdiyev, R
Mgebrichvili, G
Miake, Y
Mikhalev, D
Mir, MF
Mishra, GC
Miyamoto, Y
Morrison, D
Mukhopadhyay, DS
Myalkovski, V
Naef, H
Nandi, BK
Nayak, SK
Nayak, TK
Neumaier, S
Nianine, A
Nikitine, V
Nikolaev, S
Nilsson, P
Nishimura, S
Nomokonov, P
Nystrand, J
Obenshain, FE
Oskarsson, A
Otterlund, I
Pachr, M
Parfenov, A
Pavliouk, S
Peitzmann, T
Petracek, V
Plasil, F
Pinganaud, W
Purschke, ML
Raeven, B
Rak, J
Raniwala, R
Raniwala, S
Ramamurthy, VS
Rao, NK
Retiere, F
Reygers, K
Roland, G
Rosselet, L
Roufanov, I
Roy, C
Rubio, JM
Sako, H
Sambyal, SS
Santo, R
Sato, S
Schlagheck, H
Schmidt, HR
Schutz, Y
Shabratova, G
Shah, TH
Sibiriak, I
Siemiarczuk, T
Silvermyr, D
Sinha, BC
Slavine, N
Soderstrom, I
Solomey, N
Sorensen, SP
Stankus, P
Stefanek, G
Steinberg, P
Stenlund, E
Stuken, D
Sumbera, M
Svensson, T
Trivedi, MD
Tsvetkov, A
Tykarski, L
Urbahn, J
von der Pijll, EC
von Eijndhoven, N
von Nieuwenhuizen, GJ
Vinogradov, A
Viyogi, YP
Vodopianov, A
Voros, S
Wyslouch, B
Yagi, K
Yokota, Y
Young, GR
TI Freeze-out parameters in central 158A (GeVPb)-Pb-208+Pbcollisions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; EXPANSION
AB Neutral pion production in central 158A GeV Pb-208 + Pb-208 collisions has been studied in the WA98 experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. The pi(0) transverse mass spectrum has been analyzed in terms of a thermal model with hydrodynamic expansion. The high accuracy and large kinematic coverage of the measurement allow one to limit previously noted ambiguities in the extracted freeze-out parameters. The results are shown to be sensitive to the shape of the velocity distribution at freeze-out.
C1 Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India.
Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Calcutta 700064, W Bengal, India.
Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
RRC Kurchatov Inst, RU-123182 Moscow, Russia.
Dubna Joint Nucl Res Inst, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India.
Univ Munster, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
Ecole Mines, SUBATECH, Nantes, France.
Gesell Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64220 Darmstadt, Germany.
Univ Utrecht, NIKHEF, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.
Univ Lund, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
Inst Phys Nucl, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic.
Inst Nucl Studies, NL-9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands.
Univ Groningen, KVI, NL-9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands.
Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India.
Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA.
RP Aggarwal, MM (reprint author), Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India.
RI Decowski, Patrick/A-4341-2011; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Mehdiyev,
Rashid/H-6299-2013; Lohner, Herbert/B-2397-2014; Sumbera,
Michal/O-7497-2014
OI Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Lohner,
Herbert/0000-0002-7441-739X; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323
NR 20
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 5
BP 926
EP 930
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.926
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223BT
UT WOS:000081820400010
ER
PT J
AU Melechko, AV
Braun, J
Weitering, HH
Plummer, EW
AF Melechko, AV
Braun, J
Weitering, HH
Plummer, EW
TI Two-dimensional phase transition mediated by extrinsic defects
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHARGE-DENSITY-WAVE; SI(001) SURFACE; SN/GE(111)
AB We have investigated the (root 3 x root 3) to (3 x 3) phase transition in the a phase of Sn/Ge(111) with variable temperature STM at temperatures between 30 and 300 K. Point defects in the Sn film stabilize localized regions of the (3 x 3) phase, where the size is characterized by a temperature dependent length (exponential attenuation). The inverse of the attenuation length is a linear function of temperature showing that the phase transition occurs at 70 K. At low temperature a density wave mediated defect-defect interaction realigns the defects to be in registry with the (3 x 3) domains.
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Melechko, AV (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008
NR 20
TC 71
Z9 71
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 5
BP 999
EP 1002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.999
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223BT
UT WOS:000081820400028
ER
PT J
AU Miyakawa, N
Zasadzinski, JF
Ozyuzer, L
Guptasarma, P
Hinks, DG
Kendziora, C
Gray, KE
AF Miyakawa, N
Zasadzinski, JF
Ozyuzer, L
Guptasarma, P
Hinks, DG
Kendziora, C
Gray, KE
TI Predominantly superconducting origin of large energy gaps in underdoped
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta from tunneling spectroscopy
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID OVERDOPED BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; BEHAVIOR; DENSITY; WAVE
AB New tunneling data are reported in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta which show quasiparticle excitation gaps, a, reaching values as high as 60 meV for underdoped crystals with T-c = 70 K. These energy gaps are nearly 3 times larger than those of overdoped crystals with similar T-c. Despite the large differences in gap magnitude, the tunneling spectra display qualitatively similar characteristics over the entire doping range. Detailed examination of the spectra, including the Josephson IcRn product measured in break junctions, indicates that these energy gaps are predominantly of superconducting origin.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Sci Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1628601, Japan.
IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
Izmir Inst Technol, Dept Phys, TR-35230 Izmir, Turkey.
USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Miyakawa, N (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Ozyuzer, Lutfi/H-3142-2011
NR 24
TC 185
Z9 187
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
VL 83
IS 5
BP 1018
EP 1021
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1018
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 223BT
UT WOS:000081820400033
ER
PT J
AU de la Figuera, J
Pohl, K
Schmid, AK
Bartelt, NC
Hrbek, J
Hwang, RQ
AF de la Figuera, J
Pohl, K
Schmid, AK
Bartelt, NC
Hrbek, J
Hwang, RQ
TI Multiplication of threading dislocations in strained metal films under
sulfur exposure
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Vacuum Congress/10th International Conference on
Solid Surfaces/5th International Conference on Nanometre-Scale Science
and Technology/10th International Conference on Quantitative Surface
Analysis
CY AUG 31-SEP 04, 1998
CL BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND
SP British Vacuum Council, Inst Phys, Int Union Vacuum Sci Tech & Applicat
DE copper; dislocation multiplication; ruthenium; scanning tunneling
microscopy; strained metal films; sulfur; threading dislocations
ID RECONSTRUCTION; INTERFACES; SURFACES; CU(111)
AB Strained thin films often contain ordered networks of misfit dislocations which can determine their chemical and mechanical properties. We consider the reaction of sulfur with two-monolayer films of Cu on Ru(0001). These films contain a network of parallel partial dislocations, separating regions of fcc and hcp stacking, with threading edge dislocations where partial dislocations meet. Sulfur reacts with the threading dislocations and dissociates them. The increase in the threading dislocation density is accommodated by modifying the dislocation network. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP de la Figuera, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM juan@io.ca.sandia.gov
RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013; de la Figuera, Juan/E-7046-2010
OI de la Figuera, Juan/0000-0002-7014-4777
NR 16
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
VL 433
BP 93
EP 98
DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00060-6
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 230DA
UT WOS:000082235500018
ER
PT J
AU Pohl, K
de la Figuera, J
Bartelt, MC
Bartelt, NC
Hrbek, J
Hwang, RQ
AF Pohl, K
de la Figuera, J
Bartelt, MC
Bartelt, NC
Hrbek, J
Hwang, RQ
TI Thermal vibrations of a two-dimensional vacancy island crystal in a
strained metal film
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Vacuum Congress/10th International Conference on
Solid Surfaces/5th International Conference on Nanometre-Scale Science
and Technology/10th International Conference on Quantitative Surface
Analysis
CY AUG 31-SEP 04, 1998
CL BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND
SP British Vacuum Council, Inst Phys, Int Union Vacuum Sci Tech & Applicat
DE lattice vibrations; nanostructures; ruthenium; scanning tunneling
microscopy; self-organization; silver; sulfur; two-dimensional solids
ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; PERIODIC DOMAIN-STRUCTURES;
EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; SURFACES; AU(111); MANIPULATION; RU(0001); AG(111);
COBALT; MOTION
AB Vacancy islands formed during room-temperature exposure to sulfur of a submonolayer Ag him on Ru(0001) order spontaneously to form a triangular lattice at an island area fraction just above 20%. A normal mode decomposition of the thermal vibrations of this vacancy island crystal, measured with time-resolved scanning tunneling microscopy, obtains Lame coefficients in the range of 10(8) N m(-2). We show that these estimates are consistent with stabilizing forces derived from long-range elastic interactions between the islands. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Pohl, K (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM karsten@io.ca.sandia.gov
RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013; de la Figuera, Juan/E-7046-2010
OI de la Figuera, Juan/0000-0002-7014-4777
NR 29
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
VL 433
BP 506
EP 511
DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00130-2
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 230DA
UT WOS:000082235500100
ER
PT J
AU Ledieu, J
Munz, AW
Parker, TM
McGrath, R
Diehl, RD
Delaney, DW
Lograsso, TA
AF Ledieu, J
Munz, AW
Parker, TM
McGrath, R
Diehl, RD
Delaney, DW
Lograsso, TA
TI Structural study of the five-fold surface of the Al70Pd21Mn9
quasicrystal
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Vacuum Congress/10th International Conference on
Solid Surfaces/5th International Conference on Nanometre-Scale Science
and Technology/10th International Conference on Quantitative Surface
Analysis
CY AUG 31-SEP 04, 1998
CL BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND
SP British Vacuum Council, Inst Phys, Int Union Vacuum Sci Tech & Applicat
DE alloys; scanning tunneling microscope
ID ENERGY-ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; QUASI-CRYSTALLINE COATINGS; AL68PD23MN9;
ALPDMN; LEED; STM
AB We report an investigation of the five-fold surface of the Al70Pd21Mn9 quasicrystal using STM, LEED and AES. Surfaces sputtered and annealed to 875 K showed excellent five-fold symmetric LEED patterns, and STM revealed cluster-like protrusions. Surfaces sputtered and annealed to 1050 K also showed sharp LEED patterns but here STM showed flat surfaces which could be imaged with atomic resolution. AES indicated these annealed surfaces were Mn deficient. Threshold analysis of images of the flat surfaces shows that the surface call be generated by tiling with pentagons. Large protrusions on the flat surfaces were found where the pentagonal tiling breaks down. Angles between these protrusions were found to match angles present in the stereographic projection of the icosahedral group . (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Liverpool, Surface Sci Res Ctr, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP McGrath, R (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Surface Sci Res Ctr, POB 147, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
EM mcgrath@liv.ac.uk
RI McGrath, Ronan/A-1568-2009; Ledieu, Julian/F-1430-2010
OI McGrath, Ronan/0000-0002-9880-5741;
NR 17
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
VL 433
BP 666
EP 671
DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00144-2
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 230DA
UT WOS:000082235500132
ER
PT J
AU Dumas, P
Hein, M
Otto, A
Persson, BNJ
Rudolf, P
Raval, R
Williams, GP
AF Dumas, P
Hein, M
Otto, A
Persson, BNJ
Rudolf, P
Raval, R
Williams, GP
TI Friction of molecules at metallic surfaces: experimental approach using
synchrotron infrared spectroscopy
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Vacuum Congress/10th International Conference on
Solid Surfaces/5th International Conference on Nanometre-Scale Science
and Technology/10th International Conference on Quantitative Surface
Analysis
CY AUG 31-SEP 04, 1998
CL BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND
SP British Vacuum Council, Inst Phys, Int Union Vacuum Sci Tech & Applicat
DE alkali metals; carbon monoxide; chemisorption; copper; electrical
transport (conductivity, resistivity; mobility, etc.); friction;
fullerenes; gold; infrared absorption spectroscopy; low index single
crystal surfaces; silver; solid-gas interfaces; vibrations of adsorbed
molecules
ID CHARGE-TRANSFER; ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; INVERSE-PHOTOEMISSION;
ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ADSORBED LAYERS; C-60; RESISTIVITY; ADSORPTION;
CU(111); CO
AB Adsorbate dynamics has received increasing interest over the last years, as it has been realized that the electron dynamics of the substrate can be profoundly affected by adsorbates due to couplings between vibrational and electronic states. Persson has developed a model where the scattering of the conduction electrons by the adsorbate results in a friction force between the adsorbate and the metallic substrate. The model predicts that the dipole-forbidden low-frequency adsorbate modes exhibit anti-absorption peaks, and that the broadband infrared (IR) reflectance change displays a characteristic frequency dependence in the anomalous skin-effect region, with an asymptotic limit in the mid-IR. The friction coefficient, which can be extracted from the asymptotic change of the reflectance, equals the inverse of the electronic contribution to the lifetime of the frustrated parallel translation.
This model has been verified by recording simultaneously the direct-current (DC) resistance change, the broadband IR reflectance change and the IR features for various adsorbates on Cu(111) thin films epitaxially grown on TiO2(110) substrates. The friction coefficients obtained from the DC resistance change and from the IR reflectance change show good agreement. Coadsorption experiments reveal the marked dependence of the friction coefficient on the adsorbate-induced density of states at the Fermi level (E-F).
Using the Newns-Anderson model for chemisorption, the IR reflectance change of C-60 adsorbed on the following noble metal surfaces: Ag(111), Au(110) and Cu(100), indicates a high density of induced states at E-F. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V, All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LURE, F-91405 Orsay, France.
Univ Dusseldorf, Lehrstuhl Oberflachenwissensch IPkM, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
Fac Univ Notre Dame Paix, LISE, B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
Univ Liverpool, Dept Chem, Leverhulme Ctr & IRC Surface Sci, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Dumas, P (reprint author), Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LURE, F-91405 Orsay, France.
EM pdumas@lure.u-psud.fr
RI Persson, Bo Nils Johan/I-1548-2013; Rudolf, Petra/E-6434-2014
OI Persson, Bo Nils Johan/0000-0003-1535-738X; Rudolf,
Petra/0000-0002-4418-1769
NR 42
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 2
PY 1999
VL 433
BP 797
EP 805
DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00166-1
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 230DA
UT WOS:000082235500157
ER
PT J
AU Carter, PH
Mitlitsky, F
Weisberg, AH
Whitehead, JC
Humble, RW
AF Carter, PH
Mitlitsky, F
Weisberg, AH
Whitehead, JC
Humble, RW
TI Design trade space for a Mars ascent vehicle for a Mars sample return
mission
SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA
LA English
DT Article
AB The design of an ascent vehicle for Mars sample return is one of the most challenging problems to be addressed for this type of mission. This paper identifies the spectrum of performance requirements that could be required of a Mars ascent vehicle for a sample return mission. With this understanding of performance requirements, an investigation of technology requirements is presented. These technology requirements are compared to past and existing technology in order to identify which are the lagging technologies and where development investment should be made. Mars ascent approaches which include storable propellants and in-situ production of propellants are considered. Several technology comparisons are performed to illustrate performance regions that are appropriate for different technologies. Several promising propulsion technologies are identified: miniature constant displacement pumps, bladder lined composite tankage, thin wall metal tankage and advanced propellants. Technologies that have been designed, built, tested and flown are emphasized. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Carter, PH (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0094-5765
J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT
JI Acta Astronaut.
PD AUG-NOV
PY 1999
VL 45
IS 4-9
BP 311
EP 318
DI 10.1016/S0094-5765(99)00148-4
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 263XT
UT WOS:000084151100015
ER
PT J
AU Whitehead, JC
Guernsey, CS
AF Whitehead, JC
Guernsey, CS
TI Mars ascent propulsion on a minimum scale
SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA
LA English
DT Article
AB A concept is presented for a single stage vehicle intended to lift a Mars sample to an orbital rendezvous. At 200 kg liftoff mass, it can potentially be delivered by a Mars Pathfinder size aeroshell. Based on launch vehicle design principles, propellants are pumped from thin-walled low pressure tanks into compact high pressure thrusters; Technical risk is reduced by using non-cryogenic propellants,:and by driving piston pumps with heated helium. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Whitehead, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 3
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0094-5765
J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT
JI Acta Astronaut.
PD AUG-NOV
PY 1999
VL 45
IS 4-9
BP 319
EP 327
DI 10.1016/S0094-5765(99)00149-6
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 263XT
UT WOS:000084151100016
ER
PT J
AU Ontko, JS
AF Ontko, JS
TI Multivariate fractional efficiency
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB The fractional efficiency of any particle separator operating on arbitrary particulate distributions is defined in this article. Some consequences of this definition for the interpretation of experimental data are examined using an example. These considerations show that the customary assumptions should not be made,without critically scrutinizing data to which they are supposed to apply.
C1 US DOE, Fed Energy Technol Ctr, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Ontko, JS (reprint author), US DOE, Fed Energy Technol Ctr, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 31
IS 2-3
BP 194
EP 197
DI 10.1080/027868299304246
PG 4
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 229GA
UT WOS:000082184100006
ER
PT J
AU Collins, LA
Magee, NH
Bryant, HC
Zeilik, M
AF Collins, LA
Magee, NH
Bryant, HC
Zeilik, M
TI A conference experience for undergraduates
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB Programs launched by many universities and the federal government expose many undergraduate students in the physical sciences to research early in their careers. However, in their research experiences, undergraduates are not usually introduced to the modes by which scientific knowledge, which they may have helped gather, is communicated and evaluated by working scientists. Nor is it always made clear where the research frontiers really lie. To this end, we guided a selected group of undergraduates through a national scientific conference, followed by a week of tutorials and discussions to help them better understand what had transpired. The program complemented the basic undergraduate research endeavors by emphasizing the importance of disseminating results both to other scientists and to society in general, Tutors and discussion leaders in the second week were experts in their fields and included some of the invited speakers from the main meeting. A considerable improvement in the understanding of the issues and prospects for a career in physics was discernible among the students after their two-week experience. (C) 1999 American Association of Physics Teachers.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp T4, MS B212, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Collins, LA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp T4, MS B212, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0002-9505
J9 AM J PHYS
JI Am. J. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 67
IS 8
BP 685
EP 691
DI 10.1119/1.19353
PG 7
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Education & Educational Research; Physics
GA 219FP
UT WOS:000081597500008
ER
PT J
AU Akiyama, J
Volik, SV
Plajzer-Frick, I
Prince, A
Sago, H
Weier, HUG
Vanderbilt, JN
Hawgood, S
Poulain, FR
AF Akiyama, J
Volik, SV
Plajzer-Frick, I
Prince, A
Sago, H
Weier, HUG
Vanderbilt, JN
Hawgood, S
Poulain, FR
TI Characterization of the mouse collectin gene locus
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MANNOSE-BINDING PROTEIN; EXON STRUCTURE REVEALS; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION;
PULMONARY SURFACTANT; EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIP; SERINE-PROTEASE;
CLASSICAL PATHWAY; INNATE IMMUNITY; MANNAN-BINDING; A GENE
AB Three of the four known mouse collectin genes have been mapped to chromosome 14. To further characterize the spatial relationship of these genes, a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of mouse chromosome 14 was screened using mouse surfactant protein (SP)-A and -D complementary DNAs (cDNAs). One large clone hybridized to both SP-A and SP-D cDNAs and was found by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to contain sequences from one of the mouse mannose-binding lectin genes (Mb11), We used Southern mapping and subcloning of overlapping restriction fragments to characterize the gene locus. Mapping was confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization of fiber-stretched BAC DNA and by Southern hybridization of restriction endonuclease-digested and PCR-amplified genomic DNA. We found that the SP-A, Mb11, and SP-D genes reside contiguously within a 55-kb region. The SP-A and Mb11 genes are in the same 5' to 3' orientation and 16 kb apart. The SP-D gene is in the opposite orientation to the two other collectin genes, 13 kb away from the 3' end of the Mb11 gene The mouse SP-D gene had not previously been characterized. We found its size (13 kb) and organization to be similar to that of human SP-D. Exon I is untranslated. The second exon is a hybrid exon that contains signal for initiation of translation, signal peptide, N-terminal domain, and the first seven collagen triplets of the collagen-like domain of the protein. Four short exons (III through VI) encode the collagen-like domain of the protein, and exons VII and VIII the linking and the carbohydrate-recognition domains, respectively.
C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Poulain, FR (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-58047, HL-02834, HL-24075]
NR 40
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER LUNG ASSOC
PI NEW YORK
PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA
SN 1044-1549
J9 AM J RESP CELL MOL
JI Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 21
IS 2
BP 193
EP 199
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System
GA 227JF
UT WOS:000082076800009
PM 10423401
ER
PT J
AU Grate, JW
Egorov, OB
Fiskum, SK
AF Grate, JW
Egorov, OB
Fiskum, SK
TI Automated extraction chromatographic separations of actinides using
separation-optimized sequential injection techniques
SO ANALYST
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; FLOW-INJECTION; NUCLEAR WASTE;
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PRECONCENTRATION; AMERICIUM; SAMPLES; COLUMN; TC-99
AB A sequential injection (SI) separation system has been developed for automated analytical separations of actinides using an actinide specific extraction chromatographic material (TRU-resin, Eichrom Industries, Inc., USA). On-line liquid scintillation counting was used to observe eluting species during method development, and fraction collection and alpha energy analysis were used for quantification. Several procedures for individual and group actinide elution are demonstrated and discussed, including elution of actinides as a single group; elution as groups based on valence state; selective separation of Pu using on-column redox chemistry; selective separation of Th; and various sequential actinide elution schemes. Eluent solution compositions and reagent chemistries were investigated with regard to elution peak shapes, selectivity, recoveries, carryover, and suitability for rapid automated procedures. The SI separation methods described serve as the basis for an automated actinide separation work station. An automated actinide separation procedure has been applied towards the analysis of Am, Cm, and Pu isotopes in three types of aged nuclear waste samples. Results from automated analytical separations followed by quantification by alpha spectroscopy were in good agreement with results obtained using manual separation techniques.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Radiochem Proc Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Grate, JW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 34
TC 34
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 9
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD,, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0003-2654
J9 ANALYST
JI Analyst
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 124
IS 8
BP 1143
EP 1150
DI 10.1039/a902579k
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 225UX
UT WOS:000081984500003
ER
PT J
AU Yeung, ES
AF Yeung, ES
TI Following single cell fluorescence
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCED NATIVE FLUORESCENCE; ADRENAL-MEDULLARY CELLS; IDENTIFIED LEECH
NEURONS; BOVINE CHROMAFFIN CELLS; CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; IMAGING
MICROSCOPY; TRANSMITTER RELEASE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; EXOCYTOSIS;
SECRETION
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
RP Yeung, ES (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 50
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 71
IS 15
BP 522A
EP 529A
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 224BW
UT WOS:000081877100008
PM 10450144
ER
PT J
AU Shaffer, SA
Tolmachev, A
Prior, DC
Anderson, GA
Udseth, HR
Smith, RD
AF Shaffer, SA
Tolmachev, A
Prior, DC
Anderson, GA
Udseth, HR
Smith, RD
TI Characterization of an improved electrodynamic ion funnel interface for
electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PRINCIPLES
AB An improved electrodynamic ion funnel for ion focusing at high pressure (>1 Torr) has been developed for a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer and its performance compared with that of an earlier prototype previously reported. The ion funnel consists of a series of ring electrodes of progressively smaller interval diameters to which rf and de electric potentials are co-applied, The new design utilizes ring electrodes possessing larger internal diameters that taper down to a relatively larger exit aperture. in the 1-10 Torr pressure range, the new design provides significant improvement in low m/z ion transmission. Additionally, the overall ion transmission range is improved by linked scanning of the ion funnel's rf voltage concomitantly with the scanning of the quadrupole mass analyzer. Transmission of a noncovalent complex through the interface demonstrated that excessive ion heating was not problematic. Computer simulations of ion transport support the ion funnel design and help explain the relative performance of both designs. Both ion simulations and experimental results are in accord and indicate close to 100% ion transmission efficiency for electrosprayed biopolymer ions through the interface and into the mass analyzer.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM rd-smith@pnl.gov
RI Shaffer, Scott/F-8650-2010; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349
NR 17
TC 106
Z9 109
U1 6
U2 47
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
EI 1520-6882
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 71
IS 15
BP 2957
EP 2964
DI 10.1021/ac990346w
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 224BW
UT WOS:000081877100016
PM 10450147
ER
PT J
AU Hierlemann, A
Ricco, AJ
Bodenhofer, K
Gopel, W
AF Hierlemann, A
Ricco, AJ
Bodenhofer, K
Gopel, W
TI Effective use of molecular recognition in gas sensing: Results from
acoustic wave and in situ FT-IR measurements
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID THICKNESS-SHEAR MODE; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; CHEMICAL SENSOR
ARRAYS; PATTERN-RECOGNITION; SUPRAMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY; CHIRAL
DISCRIMINATION; EXTERNAL REFLECTION; SOLVENT VAPORS; SURFACE; DEVICES
AB To probe directly the analyte/film interactions that characterize molecular recognition in gas sensors, we recorded changes to the in situ surface vibrational spectra of specifically functionalized surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices concurrently with analyte exposure and SAW measurement of the extent of sorption. Fourier transform infrared external-reflectance spectra (FT-IR-ERS) were collected from operating 97-MHz SAW delay lines during exposure to a range of analytes as they interacted with thin-film coatings previously shown to be selective: cyclodextrins for chiral recognition, nickel camphorates for Lewis bases such as pyridine or organophosphonates, and phthalocyanines far aromatic compounds. In most cases where specific chemical interactions-metal coordination, "cage" compound inclusion, or pi-stacking-were expected, analyte dosing caused distinctive changes in the IR spectra, together with anomalously large SAW sensor responses. In contrast, control experiments involving the physisorption of the same analytes by conventional organic polymers did not cause similar changes in the IR spectra, and the SAW responses were smaller. For a given conventional polymer, the partition coefficients (or SAW sensor signals) roughly followed the analyte fraction of saturation vapor pressure. These SAW/FT-IR results support earlier conclusions derived from thickness-shear mode resonator data.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Microsensor Res & Dev Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Univ Tubingen, Inst Theoret & Phys Chem, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany.
RP Hierlemann, A (reprint author), ETH Honggerberg, IQE, Phys Elect Lab, HPT-H4-2, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
RI Hierlemann, Andreas/A-7046-2008; Ricco, Antonio/A-5273-2010
OI Ricco, Antonio/0000-0002-2355-4984; Hierlemann,
Andreas/0000-0002-3838-2468;
NR 56
TC 56
Z9 61
U1 3
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 71
IS 15
BP 3022
EP 3035
DI 10.1021/ac981311j
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 224BW
UT WOS:000081877100025
PM 10450152
ER
PT J
AU Chen, X
Fei, ZD
Smith, LM
Bradbury, EM
Majidi, V
AF Chen, X
Fei, ZD
Smith, LM
Bradbury, EM
Majidi, V
TI Stable-isotope-assisted MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for accurate
determination of nucleotide compositions of PCR products
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; HUMAN DNA; BASE COMPOSITION;
HUMAN-GENOME; POLYMORPHISMS; SEQUENCE; DIAGNOSIS; STRAND; GENE
AB In parallel with a large-scale sequencing effort, the human genome project will need next-generation tools for accurate and efficient analyses of the enormous pool of DNA sequences. Such analyses are required for (a) validation of DNA sequences, (b) comparison of a parent (known) sequence with a related (unknown) sequence, and (c) characterization of sequence polymorphisms in various genes, especially those associated with genetically inherited human diseases. Here, we report a novel method that combines stable isotope C-13/N-15 labeling of PCR products of the target sequences with analysis of the mass shifts by mass spectrometry (MS). The mass shift due to the labeling of a single type of nucleotide (i.e., A, T, G, or C) reveals the number of that type of nucleotide in a given DNA fragment. Using this technique, we have accurately determined nucleotide compositions of DNA fragments. The method has also been applied to score a known single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), The comparisons of nucleotide compositions determined by our method among homologous sequences are useful in sequence validation, sequence comparison, and characterizations of sequence polymorphisms.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, LSDO, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Chen, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, LS-8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 31
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 71
IS 15
BP 3118
EP 3125
DI 10.1021/ac9812680
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 224BW
UT WOS:000081877100037
PM 10450157
ER
PT J
AU Hang, W
Yan, XM
Wayne, DM
Olivares, JA
Harrison, WW
Majidi, V
AF Hang, W
Yan, XM
Wayne, DM
Olivares, JA
Harrison, WW
Majidi, V
TI Glow discharge source interfacing to mass analyzers: Theoretical and
practical considerations
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; SPECTROMETRY; DYNAMICS; DENSITY; GAS
AB The fundamental requirements for the optimum mechanical interface between a glow discharge ion source and a mass spectrometer are described in this paper. Specifically, the properties of a typical glow discharge ion source are compared and contrasted to those of a typical inductively coupled plasma ion source. The critical parameters and theoretical considerations of glow discharge and inductively coupled plasma ion source interfaces are reviewed, and the results of experiments using both quadrupole and time-of-flight mass spectrometers with a glow discharge source are presented. The experimental results clarify several important problems in the glow discharge ion sampling process. Our findings indicate that a shock wave structure does not occur in the supersonic expansion of the glow discharge ion source. Ions of different masses have similar initial kinetic energies in the glow discharge; thus, the angle of the skimmer cone is not a critical parameter for efficient ion beam extraction. Another consquence is that space charge effects in glow discharge ion sources repel heavy ions farther off axis than light ions. Thus, there are distinct and fundamental differences between glow discharge and inductively coupled plasma ion sources which are relevant to both ion sampling and ion ex-traction processes.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Wayne, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat & Technol Div, NMT-1,MS G740, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 37
TC 20
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 71
IS 15
BP 3231
EP 3237
DI 10.1021/ac9810922
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 224BW
UT WOS:000081877100053
PM 21662912
ER
PT J
AU Jacobson, SC
Ermakov, SV
Ramsey, JM
AF Jacobson, SC
Ermakov, SV
Ramsey, JM
TI Minimizing the number of voltage sources and fluid reservoirs for
electrokinetic valving in microfluidic devices
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROCHIP CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; OPEN-CHANNEL ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY;
SEPARATIONS; SYSTEMS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; CHIPS
AB A microchip gated valve is demonstrated that uses a single voltage source and three fluid reservoirs. The fluidic valve is a cross intersection, and the channels are dimensioned to perform the appropriate voltage division, simplifying the voltage control hardware. A single voltage source is applied directly to the sample reservoir and through a high-voltage relay to the buffer reservoir, and the waste reservoir is grounded. The volume of sample dispensed is determined by the duration that the high-voltage relay is open. Volumetric reproducibility is demonstrated to be <0.5% relative standard deviation for volumes of greater than or equal to 20 pL. The valve is tested for the minimum applied voltage necessary for leakage-free operation, i.e., sample diffusing from the cross intersection into the analysis channel. Moreover, appropriate channel dimensions are used to minimize the number of fluid reservoirs allowing effluent from the analysis and waste channels to be combined into a single reservoir.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Jacobson, SC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Kipke, Daryl/A-2167-2009
NR 25
TC 82
Z9 84
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 71
IS 15
BP 3273
EP 3276
DI 10.1021/ac990059s
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 224BW
UT WOS:000081877100059
PM 21662916
ER
PT J
AU Macnaughton, SJ
Stephen, JR
Venosa, AD
Davis, GA
Chang, YJ
White, DC
AF Macnaughton, SJ
Stephen, JR
Venosa, AD
Davis, GA
Chang, YJ
White, DC
TI Microbial population changes during bioremediation of an experimental
oil spill
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS ANALYSIS; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE;
FATTY-ACIDS; ECOLOGY; SUBSURFACE; DIVERSITY; BIOMARKER; TOXICITY;
BIOMASS
AB Three crude oil bioremediation techniques were applied in a randomized block field experiment simulating a coastal oil spill. Four treatments (no oil control, oil alone, oil plus nutrients, and oil plus nutrients plus an indigenous inoculum) were applied. In situ microbial community structures were monitored by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and 16S rDNA PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to (i) identify the bacterial community members responsible for the decontamination of the site and (ii) define an end point for the removal of the hydrocarbon substrate. The results of PLFA analysis demonstrated a community shift in all plots from primarily eukaryotic biomass to gram-negative bacterial biomass with time. PLFA profiles from the oiled plots suggested increased gram-negative biomass and adaptation to metabolic stress compared to unoiled controls. DGGE analysis of untreated control plots revealed a simple, dynamic dominant population structure throughout the experiment. This banding pattern disappeared in all oiled plots, indicating that the structure and diversity of the dominant bacterial community changed substantially. No consistent differences were detected between nutrient-amended and indigenous inoculum-treated plots, but both differed from the oil-only plots. Prominent bands were excised for sequence analysis and indicated that oil treatment encouraged the growth of gram-negative microorganisms within the alpha-proteobacteria and Flexibacter-Cytophaga-Bacteroides phylum. alpha-Proteobacteria were never detected in unoiled controls. PLFA analysis indicated that by week 14 the microbial community structures of the oiled plots were becoming similar to those of the unoiled controls from the same time point, but DGGE analysis suggested that major differences in the bacterial communities remained.
C1 US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA.
Microbial Insights Inc, Rockford, TN 37853 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Venosa, AD (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RI reddy, indra/C-5363-2011
NR 38
TC 370
Z9 395
U1 10
U2 281
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 65
IS 8
BP 3566
EP 3574
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 223WR
UT WOS:000081865000046
PM 10427050
ER
PT J
AU Jellison, GE
AF Jellison, GE
TI Windows in ellipsometry measurements
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID 2-MODULATOR GENERALIZED ELLIPSOMETRY; MUELLER MATRIX; OPTICAL FUNCTIONS;
FOURIER-ANALYSIS; CALIBRATION
AB The effect of windows or lenses placed between the polarization-state generator and the polarization-state detector in a general ellipsometry measurement is examined. It is found that three parameters are required for describing the effects of the window retardation on the? ellipsometry measurements. Two of these window parameters can be measured at the same time as the sample parameters if the sample is isotropic, but the third window parameter cannot be determined independently and must be measured separately. If the sample is anisotropic, then none of the windows parameters can be measured independently at the same time as the sample parameters. An example is given in which the strain-induced retardation in fused-silica focusing lenses is measured with a two-modulator generalized ellipsometer and the results are used to correct the sample data. (C) 1999 Optical Society of America.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Jellison, GE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Bldg 3025 MS 6030,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM jellisongejr@ornl.gov
NR 20
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 22
BP 4784
EP 4789
DI 10.1364/AO.38.004784
PG 6
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 224MC
UT WOS:000081902000007
PM 18323967
ER
PT J
AU Buscher, CT
Donohoe, RJ
Mecklenburg, SL
Berg, JM
Tait, CD
Huchton, KM
Morris, DE
AF Buscher, CT
Donohoe, RJ
Mecklenburg, SL
Berg, JM
Tait, CD
Huchton, KM
Morris, DE
TI Raman spectroscopic study of the aging and nitration of actinide
processing anion-exchange resins in concentrated nitric
SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Raman spectroscopy; ion-exchange resins; actinide processing; plutonium
nitrate
ID LIQUID
AB Degradation of two types of anion exchange resins, Dowex 11 and Reillex HPQ, from the action of concentrated nitric acid (4 to 12 M) and radiolysis [from depleted uranium as UO22+ nitrate species and Pu-239 as Pu(IV) nitrate species] was followed as a function of time with Raman vibrational spectroscopy. Elevated temperatures (similar to 50 degrees C) were used in the absence of actinide metal loading to simulate longer exposures of the resin to a HNO3 process stream and waste storage conditions. In the absence of actinide loading, only minor changes in the Dowex resin at acid concentrations less than or equal to 10 M were observed, while at 12 M acid concentration, the emergence of a Raman peak at 1345 cm(-1) indicates the addition of nitro functional groups to the resin, Similar studies with the Reillex resin show it to be more resistant to nitric acid attack at all acid concentrations. Incorporation of weakly radioactive depleted uranium as the UO22+ nitrate species to the ion-exchange sites of Dowex 11 under differing nitric acid concentrations (6 to 12 M) at room temperature showed no Raman evidence of resin degradation or nitration, even after several hundred days of contact. In contrast, Raman spectra for Dowex 11 in the presence of Pu-239 as Pu(IV) nitrate species reveal numerous changes indicating resin alterations, including a new mode at 1345 cm(-1) consistent with a Pu(IV)-nitrate catalyzed addition of nitro groups to the resin backbone.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Glen T Seaborg Inst Transactinium Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Morris, DE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Mecklenburg, Sandra/F-4571-2010; Morris, David/A-8577-2012
NR 44
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 13
PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
PI FREDERICK
PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA
SN 0003-7028
J9 APPL SPECTROSC
JI Appl. Spectrosc.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 53
IS 8
BP 943
EP 953
DI 10.1366/0003702991947838
PG 11
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
GA 229KL
UT WOS:000082193700009
ER
PT J
AU Kim, KH
Kang, JS
Choi, CK
Lee, JY
Olson, CG
AF Kim, KH
Kang, JS
Choi, CK
Lee, JY
Olson, CG
TI The electronic structures of epitaxial CrSi2 film prepared on Si(111)
substrate
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE CrSi2; valence band; synchrotron radiation
ID THIN-FILMS; SI-CR; SILICIDES; GROWTH; DISILICIDES; GAP
AB The valence band (VB) electronic structures of CrSi2 were studied by synchrotron radiation photoemission. Overall features of the VB photoemission spectra measured at room temperature (RT) and 20 K by using synchrotron radiation. (photon energy, h nu = 20-130 eV) were similar. Two characteristic emissions were observed corresponding to the bonding and the nonbonding Cr-d partial density of states (PDOS) in the CrSi2. The onset of the VB photoemission measured at 20 K was located at about 0.32 eV below Fermi level, due to the energy band gap of CrSi2 more than 0.32 eV, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V, All rights reserved.
C1 Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Chinju 660701, South Korea.
Catholic Univ Korea, Dept Phys, Pucheon 422743, South Korea.
Cheju Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Cheju 690702, South Korea.
Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Elect Mat Sci, Daejeon 305701, South Korea.
Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Kim, KH (reprint author), Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Chinju 660701, South Korea.
RI Lee, Jeong Yong/C-8864-2011
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 8
EP 12
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00251-2
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 234FE
UT WOS:000082473200002
ER
PT J
AU Manner, WL
Lloyd, JA
Hanrahan, RJ
Paffett, MT
AF Manner, WL
Lloyd, JA
Hanrahan, RJ
Paffett, MT
TI An examination of the initial oxidation of a uranium-base alloy (U-14.1
at.% Nb) by O-2 and D2O using surface-sensitive techniques
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE corrosion resistance; uranium; niobium
ID X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; AUGER-ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY; WATER-VAPOR; DIOXIDE;
NIOBIUM; XPS; AES
AB The corrosion resistance of uranium is greatly enhanced by alloying with niobium. In this study the initial stages of corrosion of a specific uranium-base alloy (U-14.1 at.% Nb) by O-2 or D2O have been examined using the surface specific techniques of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermal programmed desorption (TPD), static secondary-ion mass spectroscopy (SSIMS), and sputtered neutrals mass spectroscopy (SNMS). XPS studies of the U -14.1 at.% Nb surface following oxidation using O-2 at 300 K indicate production of a thin oxide overlayer of stoichiometric UO2.0 intermixed with Nb2O5. The same stoichiometry is exhibited for uranium when the oxide is prepared at 500 K with O-2; although, niobium is much less oxidized exhibiting a mixture of NbO and Nb. Contrary to previous XPS literature, SNMS depth profiling studies reveal that oxidation by O-2 is much greater las judged by oxide layer thickness) than that exhibited by D2O. An oxide layer thickness of less than 20 Angstrom was created using D2O as an oxidant at 300 K with exposures > 3500 L (oxide layers created from O-2 are significantly greater at much smaller exposures). Formation of a critical density of Nb2O5 is suggested to be responsible for the enhanced corrosion resistance by preventing diffusion of O- (O2-) or OD-/OH- into the oxide/metal interface region. The domains of stability of hydroxyl formation have also been followed using TPD, SSIMS and XPS. Maximal surface hydroxyl concentrations (Theta(rel) = 0.30) are obtained at a surface temperature of 175 K for these experimental conditions. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Paffett, MT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 73
EP 88
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00225-1
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 234FE
UT WOS:000082473200011
ER
PT J
AU Stoeffl, W
Asoka-Kumar, P
Howell, R
AF Stoeffl, W
Asoka-Kumar, P
Howell, R
TI The positron microprobe at LLNL
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Workshop on Slow-Positron Beam Techniques for Solids
and Surfaces (SLOPOS-8)
CY SEP 06-12, 1998
CL CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
DE positron microprobe; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; BaF2;
crystals
AB The electron linac-based positron source at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) provides the world's highest current beam of keV positrons. We are building a positron microprobe that will produce a pulsed, focused positron beam for 3-dimensional scans of defect size and concentration with sub-micron resolution. The widely spaced and intense positron packets from the tungsten moderator at the end of the 100 MeV LLNL linac are captured and trapped in a magnetic bottle. The positrons are then released in 1 ns bunches at a 20 MHz repetition rate. With a three-stage re-moderation we will compress the cm-sized original beam to a 1 mu m diameter final spot on the target. The buncher will compress the arrival time of positrons on the target to less than 100 ps. A detector array with up to 60 BaF2 crystals in paired coincidence will measure the annihilation radiation with high efficiency and low background. The energy of the positrons can be varied from less than 1 keV up to 50 keV. The target can be instrumented to allow in situ annealing, cooling and stress. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Stoeffl, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 3
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 149
IS 1-4
BP 1
EP 6
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00162-2
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 233UH
UT WOS:000082445300002
ER
PT J
AU White, MM
Lessner, ES
AF White, MM
Lessner, ES
TI A low-neutron background slow-positron source
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Workshop on Slow-Positron Beam Techniques for Solids
and Surfaces (SLOPOS-8)
CY SEP 06-12, 1998
CL CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
DE low-neutron background; slow-positron source; free-electron laser;
advanced photon source
AB The addition of a thermionic RF gun and a photocathode RF gun will allow the advanced photon source (APS) linear accelerator (linac) to become a free-electron laser (FEL) driver, As the FEL project progresses, the existing high-charge DC thermionic gun will no longer be critical to APS operation and could be used to generate high-energy or low-energy electrons to drive a slow-positron source. We investigated possibilities to create a useful low-energy source that could operate semi-independently and would have a low-neutron background. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP White, MM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, ASD 401-B2178, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM mwhite@aps.anl.gov
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 149
IS 1-4
BP 20
EP 23
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00165-8
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 233UH
UT WOS:000082445300006
ER
PT J
AU Howell, RH
Sterne, PA
Hartley, J
Cowan, TE
AF Howell, RH
Sterne, PA
Hartley, J
Cowan, TE
TI High energy beam lifetime analysis
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Workshop on Slow-Positron Beam Techniques for Solids
and Surfaces (SLOPOS-8)
CY SEP 06-12, 1998
CL CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
DE electrostatic accelerator; high energy beam lifetime spectrometer;
implantation time; annihilation time
AB We have developed a positron lifetime defect analysis capability based on a 3 MeV electrostatic accelerator. The high energy beam lifetime spectrometer is operational with a 100 mCi Na-22 source providing a current of 5.5 x 10(5) positrons per second. Lifetime data are derived from a thin plastic transmission detector providing an implantation time and a BaF2 detector to determine the annihilation time. Positron lifetime analysis is performed with a 3 MeV positron beam on thick sample specimens at counting rates in excess of 2000 per second. The instrument is being used for bulk sample analysis and analysis of samples encapsulated in controlled environments for in situ measurements. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All lights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Howell, RH (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RI Cowan, Thomas/A-8713-2011
OI Cowan, Thomas/0000-0002-5845-000X
NR 1
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 149
IS 1-4
BP 103
EP 105
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00181-6
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 233UH
UT WOS:000082445300021
ER
PT J
AU Cao, H
Yuan, JP
Zhang, R
Sundar, CS
Jean, YC
Suzuki, R
Ohdaira, T
Nielsen, B
AF Cao, H
Yuan, JP
Zhang, R
Sundar, CS
Jean, YC
Suzuki, R
Ohdaira, T
Nielsen, B
TI Free volumes and holes near the polymer surface studied by positron
annihilation
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Workshop on Slow-Positron Beam Techniques for Solids
and Surfaces (SLOPOS-8)
CY SEP 06-12, 1998
CL CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
DE free volume; hole distribution; surface; polymer; polystyrene
ID NEAR-THE-SURFACE; LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS; AMORPHOUS POLYMERS;
GLASS-TRANSITION; SPECTROSCOPY; POLYSTYRENE; FILMS; DISTRIBUTIONS;
COPOLYESTERS
AB Positron annihilation lifetime and Doppler broadening of annihilation radiation experiments have been performed in a polystyrene film using the mono-energetic slow positron probe as a function of implantation energy. Significant variations of positron annihilation signals are observed at a short distance from the surface(less than or equal to 200 Angstrom). The ortho-positronium lifetime in the polymer increases near the surface, while its intensity decreases. The intensity results are interpreted in terms of a free-volume hole model for positronium formation. The lifetime results are interpreted as an expansion of local hole volume near the polymer surface. The free-volume and hole distribution near the surface is found to be broader than in the bulk. Applications of slow positrons to industrial problems, such as degradation of polymer coatings and membrane separations, are promising. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA.
Electrotech Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11972 USA.
RP Jean, YC (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA.
RI Nielsen, Bent/B-7353-2009
OI Nielsen, Bent/0000-0001-7016-0040
NR 33
TC 30
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 149
IS 1-4
BP 116
EP 124
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00185-3
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 233UH
UT WOS:000082445300024
ER
PT J
AU Xu, J
Mills, AP
Suzuki, R
Roth, EG
Holland, RW
AF Xu, J
Mills, AP
Suzuki, R
Roth, EG
Holland, RW
TI Impurity-vacancy defects in implanted float-zone and Czochralski-Si
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Workshop on Slow-Positron Beam Techniques for Solids
and Surfaces (SLOPOS-8)
CY SEP 06-12, 1998
CL CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
DE defect engineering; impurity; implantation
ID TRANSIENT ENHANCED DIFFUSION; POINT-DEFECTS; SILICON; TEMPERATURE;
DEPENDENCE; POSITRONS; BORON
AB The dual implantation method developed for defect engineering [O.W. Holland, L. Xie, B. Nelson, D.S. Zhou, J. Electron. Mater. 35 (199G) 99] uses an amorphizing implant in conjunction with high energy Si+-ion implantation to inject vacancies. Following annealing of the implanted samples for 20 min at 600 degrees C and at 800 degrees C, the amorphous layer recrystallizes by solid-phase epitaxial growth (SPEG), and the unwanted interstitials are consumed by recombination with vacancies. Doppler broadening of annihilation radiation and beam positron Lifetime measurements reveal that there are residual divacancy-impurity complexes formed in the SPEG layer. Since the effect is nearly identical in both float-zone and Czochralski-Si, the source of the impurities is not likely to be residual oxygen in the unimplanted crystals. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
AT&T Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA.
Electrotech Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
RP Xu, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 17
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 149
IS 1-4
BP 193
EP 197
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00199-3
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 233UH
UT WOS:000082445300038
ER
PT J
AU Hartley, JH
Howell, RH
Asoka-Kumar, P
Sterne, PA
Akers, D
Denison, A
AF Hartley, JH
Howell, RH
Asoka-Kumar, P
Sterne, PA
Akers, D
Denison, A
TI Positron annihilation studies of fatigue in 304 stainless steel
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Workshop on Slow-Positron Beam Techniques for Solids
and Surfaces (SLOPOS-8)
CY SEP 06-12, 1998
CL CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
DE stainless steel; fatigue; positron annihilation lifetime measurement
AB Positron annihilation lifetime measurements were made on well calibrated fatigue samples of SS-304. Measurements were made on a high and low carbon alloy. Two separate lifetimes, indicating two defect site types were resolved in each sample. Significant Lifetime changes are observed to occur early in the fatigue cycles. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Lockheed Martin Idaho Technol, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Denison, A (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Idaho Technol, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, MS-2214,POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
NR 6
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 149
IS 1-4
BP 204
EP 206
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00201-9
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 233UH
UT WOS:000082445300040
ER
PT J
AU Ghosh, VJ
Nielsen, B
Kruseman, AC
Mijnarends, PR
van Veen, A
Lynn, KG
AF Ghosh, VJ
Nielsen, B
Kruseman, AC
Mijnarends, PR
van Veen, A
Lynn, KG
TI The effect of the detector resolution on the Doppler broadening
measurements of both valence and core electron-positron annihilation
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Workshop on Slow-Positron Beam Techniques for Solids
and Surfaces (SLOPOS-8)
CY SEP 06-12, 1998
CL CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
DE Doppler broadening; momentum distribution; ratio curves; positron
annihilation; coincidence measurement; two-detector; method
ID ELEMENTAL SPECIFICITY
AB The measured value of the Doppler profile of the electron-positron annihilation radiation depends on the resolution function of the detectors used in the experiment. This is illustrated by the results of calculations of the profile convoluted with resolution functions of different FWHM. These results are compared with Doppler broadening measurements for Al. The calculated results agree qualitatively with the experimental data. The positions of the peaks in the curves which give the ratio of a Doppler profile to a reference profile are found to shift towards higher momenta when the width of the resolution for the reference material was increased. Since the peaks in the ratio curves are used for identifying the chemical species, it is important that the peak positions be unambiguously characterized. Hence, the detector resolution should be carefully measured and quoted when reporting and comparing results of Doppler profiles. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Delft Univ Technol, Inst Interfac Reactor, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands.
Washington State Univ, Ctr Mat Res, Pullman, WA 99163 USA.
RP Ghosh, VJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Bldg 480, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Nielsen, Bent/B-7353-2009
OI Nielsen, Bent/0000-0001-7016-0040
NR 10
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 149
IS 1-4
BP 234
EP 237
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00207-X
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 233UH
UT WOS:000082445300046
ER
PT J
AU Sterne, PA
Pask, JE
Klein, BM
AF Sterne, PA
Pask, JE
Klein, BM
TI Calculation of positron observables using a finite element-based
approach
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Workshop on Slow-Positron Beam Techniques for Solids
and Surfaces (SLOPOS-8)
CY SEP 06-12, 1998
CL CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
DE finite element method; positron lifetimes; local density approximation;
monovacancies; C-60; fuIlerenes
ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; ANNIHILATION; SOLIDS; STATES
AB We report the development of a new method for calculating positron observables using a finite-element approach for the solution of the Schrodinger equation. This method combines the advantages of both basis-set and real-space-grid approaches. The strict locality in real space of the finite element basis functions results in a method that is well suited for calculating large systems of a thousand or more atoms, as required for calculations of extended defects such as dislocations. In addition, the method is variational in nature and its convergence can be controlled systematically. The calculation of positron observables is very straightforward due to the real-space nature of this method. We illustrate the power of this method with positron lifetime calculations on defects and defect-fret materials, using overlapping atomic charge densities. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Sterne, PA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-415, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 19
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 149
IS 1-4
BP 238
EP 243
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00208-1
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 233UH
UT WOS:000082445300047
ER
PT J
AU Moxom, J
Schrader, DM
Laricchia, G
Hulett, LD
Xu, J
AF Moxom, J
Schrader, DM
Laricchia, G
Hulett, LD
Xu, J
TI Fragmentation and ionization of CH(3)Cl by positron impact
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Workshop on Slow-Positron Beam Techniques for Solids
and Surfaces (SLOPOS-8)
CY SEP 06-12, 1998
CL CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
DE positron; molecule; fragmentation; methyl chloride
ID ANNIHILATION; MOLECULES; ENERGY; H-2; HE
AB The yields of positive ionic fragments produced by positron impact from CH(3)Cl have been studied in the energy range from threshold to 50 eV. The interactions take place whilst the positrons are stored in a Penning trap and the ions are detected using a rime of flight mass spectrometer. The cross-sections for production of the parent molecular ion and the fragment CH(3)(+) are presented. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
Marquette Univ, Dept Chem, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
RP Moxom, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Bldg 4500 S,MS 6142, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
EM iyi@ornl.gov
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 149
IS 1-4
BP 244
EP 247
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00209-3
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 233UH
UT WOS:000082445300048
ER
PT J
AU Weber, MH
Lynn, KG
Denison, A
AF Weber, MH
Lynn, KG
Denison, A
TI Positron probing of quantum dots
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Workshop on Slow-Positron Beam Techniques for Solids
and Surfaces (SLOPOS-8)
CY SEP 06-12, 1998
CL CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
DE quantum dots; positron; broadening technique
ID ANNIHILATION
AB CdSe quantum dots (QDs) of different sizes were deposited as thin layers on glass slides and examined by positrons with the two detector coincident Doppler broadening technique (coPAS). Dots of 2.5 and 3.6 nm size were compared to the larger 4.4 nm size. It appears that the data on the smaller size (2.5 nm) display a shape consistent with positrons annihilating with electrons confined in the quantum dots. The next larger size is on the limit of QD behavior. The observed broadening in the annihilation line for the smallest size sample is consistent with annihilation with quantum-dot confined electrons. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Lockheed Martin Idaho Technol, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Idaho Natl Lab, Lockheed Martin Idaho Technol, MS-2214,POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM and@inel.gov
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
EI 1873-5584
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 149
IS 1-4
BP 264
EP 268
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00213-5
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 233UH
UT WOS:000082445300052
ER
PT J
AU Hunt, AW
Weber, MH
Golovchenko, JA
Lynn, KG
AF Hunt, AW
Weber, MH
Golovchenko, JA
Lynn, KG
TI In flight positron annihilation in thin targets
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Workshop on Slow-Positron Beam Techniques for Solids
and Surfaces (SLOPOS-8)
CY SEP 06-12, 1998
CL CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
DE two quantum annihilation in flight; in flight positron annihilation;
positron annihilation
ID IN-FLIGHT; ELECTRON; SEARCH; RESONANCES
AB We report on the first direct energy resolved measurements of two quantum annihilation in flight (TQAF) using monoenergetic positrons below 100 keV. A monoenergetic positron beam at Washington State University with variable kinetic energy up to 70 keV was guided onto thin aluminum targets. To clearly identify in flight positron annihilation a two dimensional Doppler broadening technique was employed utilizing two HPGe detectors. The method uniquely identifies TQAF by providing the total energy of the annihilating electron-positron pair. A basic understanding of the fundamental TQAF process has been obtained using this high resolution technique. With this fundamental understanding we believe several new avenues of experimental exploration are possible. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
Rowland Inst Sci Inc, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA.
RP Hunt, AW (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,L-280, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 149
IS 1-4
BP 282
EP 286
DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00216-0
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 233UH
UT WOS:000082445300055
ER
PT J
AU Grossan, B
Spillar, E
Tripp, R
Pirzkal, N
Sutin, BM
Johnson, P
Barnaby, D
AF Grossan, B
Spillar, E
Tripp, R
Pirzkal, N
Sutin, BM
Johnson, P
Barnaby, D
TI An infrared search for extinguished supernovae in starburst galaxies
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE dust, extinction; galaxies : nuclei; galaxies : starburst; infrared
radiation; instrumentation : miscellaneous; supernovae : general
ID RADIO OBSERVATIONS; M82; DISCOVERY; NUCLEUS; RATES; NGC-6946; REMNANTS;
EMISSION; DISTANCE; PROJECT
AB IR and radio-band observations of heavily extinguished regions in starburst galaxies suggest a high supernova (SN) rate associated with such regions. Optically measured SN rates may therefore underestimate the total SN rate by factors of up to 10, as a result of the very high extinction (A(B) similar to 10-20 mag) to core-collapse SNe in starburst regions. The IR/radio SN rates come from a variety of indirect means, however, which suffer from model dependence and other problems. We describe a direct measurement of the SN rate from a regular patrol of starburst galaxies done with K'-band imaging to minimize the effects of extinction. A collection of K'-band measurements of core-collapse SNe near maximum light is presented. Such measurements (excluding 1987A) are not well reported in the literature. Results of a preliminary K'-band search, using the MIRC camera at the Wyoming Infrared Observatory and an improved search strategy using the new ORCA optics, are described. A monthly patrol of a sample of IRAS bright (mostly starburst) galaxies within 25 Mpc should yield 1-6 SNe yr,corresponding to the range of estimated SN rates. Our initial MIRC search with low resolution (2." 2 pixels) failed to find extinguished SNe in the IRAS galaxies, limiting the SN rate outside the nucleus (at greater than 15 " radius) to less than 3.8 far-IR SN rate units (SNe per century per 10(10) L-circle dot measured at 60 and 100 mu m, or FIRSRU) at 90% confidence. The MIRC camera had insufficient resolution to search nuclear starburst regions, where starburst and SN activity is concentrated; therefore, we were unable to rigorously test the hypothesis of high SN rates in heavily obscured star-forming regions. We conclude that high-resolution nuclear SN searches in starburst galaxies with small fields are more productive than low-resolution, large-held searches, even for our sample of large (often several arcminutes) galaxies. With our ORCA high-resolution optics, we could limit the total SN rate to less than 1.3 FIRSRU at 90% confidence in 3 years of observations, lower than most estimates.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Univ Calif Observ Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
Univ Chicago, Yerkes Observ, Williams Bay, WI 53191 USA.
RP Grossan, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50-232, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 38
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 118
IS 2
BP 705
EP 718
DI 10.1086/300962
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 232JZ
UT WOS:000082368700010
ER
PT J
AU De Propris, R
Stanford, SA
Eisenhardt, PR
Dickinson, M
Elston, R
AF De Propris, R
Stanford, SA
Eisenhardt, PR
Dickinson, M
Elston, R
TI The K-band luminosity function in galaxy clusters to z similar to 1
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : dusters : general; galaxies : evolution; galaxies :
formation; galaxies : luminosity function, mass function
ID PREDICTED STAR COUNTS; REDSHIFT SURVEY; FIELD GALAXIES; ELLIPTIC
GALAXIES; DISTANT CLUSTERS; EVOLUTION; POPULATIONS; SPECTROSCOPY;
MAGNITUDE; UNIVERSE
AB present K-band luminosity functions for galaxies in a heterogeneous sample of 38 clusters at 0.1 < z < 1. Using infrared-selected galaxy samples, which generally reach 2 mag fainter than the characteristic galaxy luminosity LY*, we fitted Schechter functions to background-corrected cluster galaxy counts to determine K* as a function of redshift. Because of the magnitude limit of our data, the faint-end slope a is fixed at -0.9 in the fitting process. We find that K*(z) departs from no-evolution predictions at z > 0.4 and is consistent with the behavior of a simple, passive luminosity evolution model in which galaxies form all their stars in a single burst at z(f) = 2(3) in an H(0) = 65 km s(-1) Mpc(-1), Omega(M) = 0.3, Omega(A), = 0.7(0) universe. This differs from the flat or negative infrared luminosity evolution, which has been reported for high-redshift field galaxy samples. We find that the observed evolution appears to be insensitive to cluster X-ray luminosity or optical richness, implying little variation in the evolutionary history of galaxies over the range of environmental densities spanned by our cluster sample. These results support and extend previous analyses based on the color evolution of high-redshift cluster E/SO galaxies, indicating not only that their stellar populations formed at high-redshift, but that the assembly of the galaxies themselves was largely complete by z approximate to 1 and that subsequent evolution down to the present epoch was primarily passive.
C1 Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Dept Astron & Opt, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Univ Calif Davis, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP De Propris, R (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Dept Astron & Opt, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
EM propris@edwin.phys.unsw.edu.au; adam@igpp.llnl.gov;
prme@kromos.jpl.nasa.gov; med@stsci.edu; elston@astro.ufl.edu
NR 71
TC 111
Z9 111
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 118
IS 2
BP 719
EP 729
DI 10.1086/300978
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 232JZ
UT WOS:000082368700011
ER
PT J
AU Siebert, J
Leighly, KM
Laurent-Muehleisen, SA
Brinkmann, W
Boller, T
Matsuoka, M
AF Siebert, J
Leighly, KM
Laurent-Muehleisen, SA
Brinkmann, W
Boller, T
Matsuoka, M
TI An ASCA observation of the radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy RGB
J0044+193
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : abundances; galaxies : individual :; RGB J0044+193; radio
lines : general; X-rays : general
ID ALL-SKY SURVEY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; FE-II; ACCRETION DISKS; QUASARS;
IDENTIFICATIONS; EMISSION; SPECTRA
AB Narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies are generally found to be radio-quiet and there was only one radio-loud object known so far (PKS 0558-504). Here we present the results of a 50 ksec ASCA observation of the recently discovered second radio-loud NLS1 galaxy RGB J0044+193. The X-ray data are complemented by radio observations and a new optical spectrum for this source.
We find evidence for variable radio emission and an inverted radio spectrum of RGB J0044+193. The optical continuum turned out to be extremely blue. This may either indicate additional line emission, for example from Fe I, or scattering of a blue intrinsic continuum. The X-ray spectrum shows a clear break around 1.8 keV. Above this energy the spectrum is characterized by a power law with a photon index of Gamma approximate to 2.1. For energies below 2 keV the spectrum is much softer and it can either be modeled with a steeper power law (Gamma approximate to 2.7) or a blackbody component with a temperature around 0.2 keV. The X-ray count rate of the source decreased by a factor of two within one day and there is evidence for low amplitude variability on much shorter time scales. Given its average 2-10 keV X-ray luminosity of (1.35 +/- 0.05) x 10(44) erg s(-1), RGB J0044+193 is significantly more variable than a typical broad line Seyfert 1 galaxy of comparable X-ray luminosity, but consistent with the bulk of NLS1 galaxies.
The spectral as well as the variability properties of RGB J0044+193 are indistinguishable from those of radio-quiet NLS1s. In particular, we find no evidence for a flat X-ray component due to inverse Compton emission related to the putative non-thermal radio emission from RGB J0044+193. We argue, however, that this does nut rule out a pole-on orientation for RGB J0044+193.
C1 Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85740 Garching, Germany.
RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 35101, Japan.
Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Siebert, J (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85740 Garching, Germany.
EM jos@mpe.mpg.de
NR 36
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 348
IS 3
BP 678
EP 684
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 235ZV
UT WOS:000082574500005
ER
PT J
AU Phillips, KJH
Mewe, R
Harra-Murnion, LK
Kaastra, JS
Beiersdorfer, P
Brown, GV
Liedahl, DA
AF Phillips, KJH
Mewe, R
Harra-Murnion, LK
Kaastra, JS
Beiersdorfer, P
Brown, GV
Liedahl, DA
TI Benchmarking the MEKAL spectral code with solar X-ray spectra
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic data; line : identification; sun : X-rays, gamma-rays; X-rays :
general
ID STELLAR CORONAE; SPECTROMETER; FLARE; LINES
AB With the likelihood that high-resolution soft X-ray spectra of non-solar astronomical sources will soon become available, it is desirable to examine the accuracy of spectral synthesis codes. In this paper, a benchmark study of the MEKAL code, extensively used in the past for spectra from EUVE, ASCA, SAX, and other spacecraft, is presented using high-resolution solar flare X-ray spectra obtained with the Bragg Flat Crystal Spectrometer (FCS) on SMM. Lines in the range 5-20 Angstrom are used to adjust the wavelengths in the MEKAL code. Many of the lines are duc to Fe ions, and arise from 3-2 transitions for spectra obtained during the decay phase of one of the flares, while others arise from higher-excitation (4-2, 5-2 etc.) transitions for spectra obtained near the peak of a second flare. Laboratory measurements of the wavelengths of these lines were also used to confirm the SMM values as well as published identifications from the HULLAC atomic code. The adjustments needed were up to 35 m Angstrom for line wavelengths above 13 Angstrom but much less at shorter wavelengths. Some of these adjustments will be perceptible for spectra from the forthcoming SMM and Chandra spacecraft.
C1 Rutherford Appleton Lab, Dept Space Sci, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
SRON, Space Res Lab, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands.
UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Space Technol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Phillips, KJH (reprint author), Rutherford Appleton Lab, Dept Space Sci, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
EM K.J.H.Phillips@rl.ac.uk
OI Harra, Louise/0000-0001-9457-6200
NR 30
TC 56
Z9 57
U1 1
U2 1
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0365-0138
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP
JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 138
IS 2
BP 381
EP 393
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 225XV
UT WOS:000081992000014
ER
PT J
AU Mauche, CW
AF Mauche, CW
TI ORFEUS II and IUE spectroscopy of EX Hydrae
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries : close; stars : individual (EX Hydrae); stars : magnetic
fields; ultraviolet : stars; white dwarfs
ID EMISSION-LINE RATIOS; WHITE-DWARF; CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; AM-HERCULIS;
NOVAE; STARS; HYA
AB Using five high-resolution (lambda/Delta lambda approximate to 3000) FUV (910-1210 Angstrom) spectra acquired in 1996 December during the flight of the ORFEUS-SPAS II mission, 47 archival IUE short-wavelength UV (1150-1950 Angstrom) spectra, and archival EUVE deep survey photometry (70-200 Angstrom), we present a detailed picture of the behavior of the magnetic cataclysmic variable EX Hydrae in he vacuum ultraviolet. Like Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope spectra of this source, these far-ultraviolet (FUV) and UV spectra reveal broad emission lines of He II, C II-CIV, N III and N V, O VI, Si III-S IV, and Al III superposed on a continuum that is blue in the UV and nearly flat in the FUV. Like ORFEUS spectra of AM Her, the O VI lambda lambda 1032, 1038 doublet is resolved into broad (FWHM approximate to 2000 km s(-1)) and narrow (FWHM approximate to 200 km s(-1)) emission components. Consistent with its behavior in the optical, and hence consistent with the accretion curtain model of this source, the FUV and UV continuum flux densities, the FUV and UV broad emission-line fluxes, and the radial velocity of the O VI broad emission component all vary on the spin phase of the white dwarf, with the maximum of the FUV and UV continuum and broad emission line flux light curves coincident with maximum blueshift of the broad O VI emission component. On the binary phase, the strong eclipse of the EW flux by the bulge on the edge of the accretion disk is accompanied by narrow and relatively weak absorption components of the FUV emission lines and 30%-40% eclipses of all the UV emission lines except He II lambda 1640, while the UV continuum is largely unaffected. Furthermore, both the flux and radial velocities of the O VI narrow emission component vary with binary phase. The relative phasing of the FUV and UV continuum light curves and the FUV emission-line radial velocities implicate the accretion funnel as the source of the FUV and UV continuum and the O vr broad emission component and implicate the white dwarf as the source of the O VI narrow emission component. Various lines of evidence imply that the density of both the broad- and narrow-line regions is n greater than or similar to 10(11) cm(-3), but the O VI line ratios imply that the narrow-line region is optically thick, while the broad-line region is more likely optically thin.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Mauche, CW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-43,7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM mauche@cygnus.llnl.gov
NR 32
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 520
IS 2
BP 822
EP 832
DI 10.1086/307498
PN 1
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 218EQ
UT WOS:000081540600042
ER
PT J
AU Gibson, SE
Biesecker, D
Guhathakurta, M
Hoeksema, JT
Lazarus, AJ
Linker, J
Mikic, Z
Pisanko, Y
Riley, P
Steinberg, J
Strachan, L
Szabo, A
Thompson, BJ
Zhao, XP
AF Gibson, SE
Biesecker, D
Guhathakurta, M
Hoeksema, JT
Lazarus, AJ
Linker, J
Mikic, Z
Pisanko, Y
Riley, P
Steinberg, J
Strachan, L
Szabo, A
Thompson, BJ
Zhao, XP
TI The three-dimensional coronal magnetic field during Whole Sun Month
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE MHD; solar wind; Sun : corona; Sun : magnetic fields
ID FARADAY-ROTATION MEASUREMENTS; SOLAR-WIND; SHEET CURRENTS; MODEL;
MINIMUM; TEMPERATURE; EVOLUTION; STREAMER; PLASMA; VOLUME
AB Combining models and observations, we study the three-dimensional coronal magnetic field during a period of extensive coordinated solar observations and analysis known as the Whole Sun Month (WSM) campaign (1996 August 10-September 8). The two main goals of the WSM campaign are addressed in this paper, namely, (1) to use the field configuration to link coronal features observed by coronagraphs and imaging telescopes to solar wind speed variations observed in situ and (2) to study the role of the three-dimensional coronal magnetic field in coronal force balance. Specifically, we consider how the magnetic field connects the two fastest wind streams to the two regions that have been the main foci of the WSM analysis: the equatorial extension of the north coronal hole (known as the Elephant's Trunk) and the axisymmetric streamer belt region on the opposite side of the Sun. We then quantitatively compare the different model predictions of coronal plasma and solar wind properties with observations and consider the implications for coronal force balance and solar wind acceleration.
C1 Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Inst Appl Geophys, Moscow, Russia.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Gibson, SE (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Appl Math & Theoret Phys, Silver St, Cambridge CB3 9EW, England.
RI Gibson, Sarah/A-9189-2011; Thompson, Barbara/C-9429-2012
NR 63
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 520
IS 2
BP 871
EP 879
DI 10.1086/307496
PN 1
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 218EQ
UT WOS:000081540600048
ER
PT J
AU Brotherton, MS
van Breugel, W
Stanford, SA
Smith, RJ
Boyle, BJ
Miller, L
Shanks, T
Croom, SM
Filippenko, AV
AF Brotherton, MS
van Breugel, W
Stanford, SA
Smith, RJ
Boyle, BJ
Miller, L
Shanks, T
Croom, SM
Filippenko, AV
TI A spectacular poststarburst quasar
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : evolution; galaxies : interactions; galaxies : starburst;
quasars : emission lines; quasars : general
ID GALAXIES; EMISSION; QSOS; SKY
AB We report the discovery of a spectacular "poststarburst quasar" UN J1025-0040 (B = 19; z = 0.634). The optical spectrum is a chimera, displaying the broad Mg II lambda 2800 emission line and strong blue continuum characteristic of quasars, but is dominated in the red by a large Balmer jump and prominent high-order Balmer absorption lines indicative of a substantial young stellar population at similar redshift. Stellar synthesis population models show that the stellar component is consistent with a 400 Myr old instantaneous starburst with a mass of less than or similar to 10(11) M.. A deep, K-s-band image taken in similar to 0." 5 seeing shows a point source surrounded by asymmetric extended fuzz, Approximately 70% of the light is unresolved, the majority of which is expected to be emitted by the starburst. While starbursts and galaxy interactions have been previously associated with quasars, no quasar ever before has been seen with such an extremely luminous young stellar population.
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.
Anglo Australian Observ, Epping, NSW 2121, Australia.
Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Brotherton, MS (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, 7000 East Ave,POB 808,L-413, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 31
TC 51
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 520
IS 2
BP L87
EP L90
DI 10.1086/312152
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 218ER
UT WOS:000081540700003
ER
PT J
AU Newberg, HJ
Richards, GT
Richmond, M
Fan, XH
AF Newberg, HJ
Richards, GT
Richmond, M
Fan, XH
TI Catalog of four-color photometry of stars, galaxies, and QSOs using SDSS
filters
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE catalogs; galaxies : photometry; quasars : general; stars : fundamental
parameters; techniques : photometric
ID F-STARS; SYSTEM; POLE
AB We present a catalog containing the measurements of 2262 sources, including 334 extended sources, 1915 point sources, and 13 known QSOs, in five SDSS passbands. Of these objects, over 1600 are measured in 15 fields covering 0.5 deg(2), with a limiting magnitude of r* < 19.5, similar to the photometric limit of the SDSS spectroscopic survey. Color plots of the data show that stars, galaxies, and quasars are fairly well separated by color alone. The stellar locus populates a ribbon-like subset of color-color-color space. It is shown that stars, galaxies, and QSOs tend toward the same fundamental plane in three-dimensional color space. The stars are compared with synthetic photometry from Kurucz models; the agreement is consistent with the errors in the data. The stellar locus moves in color space by about a tenth of a magnitude from r* = 14 to r* = 19.5. The shift is consistent with a shift in the metallicity from about [Me/H] = -1 to [Me/H] = -2. We compare this with previously measured metallicity gradients as a function of distance from the galactic plane.
C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Newberg, HJ (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Kirk Rd & Pine St, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 18
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 123
IS 2
BP 377
EP 435
DI 10.1086/313241
PG 59
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 236PA
UT WOS:000082606700002
ER
PT J
AU Savin, DW
Kahn, SM
Linkemann, J
Saghiri, AA
Schmitt, M
Grieser, M
Repnow, R
Schwalm, D
Wolf, A
Bartsch, T
Brandau, C
Hoffknecht, A
Muller, A
Schippers, S
Chen, MH
Badnell, NR
AF Savin, DW
Kahn, SM
Linkemann, J
Saghiri, AA
Schmitt, M
Grieser, M
Repnow, R
Schwalm, D
Wolf, A
Bartsch, T
Brandau, C
Hoffknecht, A
Muller, A
Schippers, S
Chen, MH
Badnell, NR
TI Dielectronic recombination in photoionized gas. II. Laboratory
measurements for Fe XVIII and Fe XIX
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic data; atomic processes; galaxies : active; instabilities; X-rays
: general
ID ELECTRON-ION RECOMBINATION; HIGH-RESOLUTION MEASUREMENT; STORAGE-RING
TSR; RATE COEFFICIENTS; LINE EMISSION; IONIZATION EQUILIBRIUM;
ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; FLUORINELIKE IONS; LOW ENERGIES; IRON
AB In photoionized gases with cosmic abundances, dielectronic recombination (DR) proceeds primarily via nlj --> nl'j' core excitations (delta n = 0 DR). We have measured the resonance strengths and energies for Fe XVIII to Fe XVII and Fe XIX to Fe XVIII delta n = 0 DR. Using our measurements, we have calculated the Fe XVIII and Fe XIX An = 0 DR rate coefficients. Significant discrepancies exist between our inferred rates and those of published calculations. These calculations overestimate the DR rates by factors of similar to 2 or underestimate it by factors of similar to 2 to orders of magnitude, but none are in good agreement with our results. Almost all published DR rates for modeling cosmic plasmas are computed using the same theoretical techniques as the above-mentioned calculations. Hence, our measurements call into question all theoretical delta n = 0 DR rates used for ionization balance calculations of cosmic plasmas. At temperatures where the Fe XVIII and Fe XIX fractional abundances are predicted to peak in photoionized gases of cosmic abundances, the theoretical rates underestimate the Fe XVIII DR rate by a factor of similar to 2 and overestimate the Fe rat DR rate by a factor of similar to 1.6. We have carried out new multiconfiguration DiracFock and multiconfiguration Breit-Pauli calculations which agree with our measured resonance strengths and rate coefficients to within typically better than less than or similar to 30%. We provide a fit to our inferred rate coefficients for use in plasma modeling. Using our DR measurements, we infer a factor of similar to 2 error in the Fe XX through Fe XXIV delta n = 0 DR rates. We investigate the effects of this estimated error for the well-known thermal instability of photoionized gas. We find that errors in these rates cannot remove the instability, but they do dramatically affect the range in parameter space over which it forms.
C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Univ Giessen, Strahlenzentrum, Inst Kernphys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Strathclyde, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Glasgow G4 0NG, Lanark, Scotland.
RP Savin, DW (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RI Schippers, Stefan/A-7786-2008; Muller, Alfred/A-3548-2009; Savin,
Daniel/B-9576-2012
OI Schippers, Stefan/0000-0002-6166-7138; Muller,
Alfred/0000-0002-0030-6929; Savin, Daniel/0000-0002-1111-6610
NR 51
TC 70
Z9 70
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 123
IS 2
BP 687
EP 702
DI 10.1086/313247
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 236PA
UT WOS:000082606700011
ER
PT J
AU Grant, KE
Chuang, CC
Grossman, AS
Penner, JE
AF Grant, KE
Chuang, CC
Grossman, AS
Penner, JE
TI Modeling the spectral optical properties of ammonium sulfate and biomass
burning aerosols: parameterization of relative humidity effects and
model results
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Carbonaceous Particles in the Atmosphere
CY SEP 22-24, 1997
CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA
DE aerosol carbonaceous; hygroscopic aerosols; aerosol radiative
properties; radiative transfer; radiative forcing
ID ANTHROPOGENIC SULFATE; CLIMATE; DISTRIBUTIONS
AB The importance of including the global and regional radiative effects of aerosols in climate models has increasingly been realized. Accurate modeling of solar radiative forcing due to aerosols from anthropogenic sulfate and biomass burning emissions requires adequate spectral resolution and treatment of spatial and temporal variability. The variation of aerosol spectral optical properties with local relative humidity and dry aerosol composition must be considered. Because the cost of directly including Mie calculations within a climate model is prohibitive, parameterizations from off-line calculations must be used. Starting from a log-normal size distribution of dry ammonium sulfate, we developed optical properties for tropospheric sulfate aerosol at 15 relative humidities up to 99%. The resulting aerosol size distributions were then used to calculate bulk optical properties at wavelengths between 0.175 and 4 mu m. Finally, functional fits of optical properties were made for each of 12 wavelength bands as a function of relative humidity. Significant variations in optical properties occurred across the total solar spectrum. Relative increases in specific extinction and asymmetry factor with increasing relative humidity became larger at longer wavelengths. Significant variation in single-scattering albedo was found only in the longest near-IR band. This is also the band with the lowest single scattering albedo. A similar treatment was done for aerosols from biomass burning. In this case, two size distributions were considered. One was based on a distribution measured for Northern Hemisphere temperate forest fires while the second was based on a measured size distribution for tropical fires. Equilibrium size distributions and compositions were calculated for 15 relative humidities and five black carbon fractions. Mie calculations and band averages of optical properties were done for each of the resulting 75 cases. Finally, fits were made for each of 12 spectral bands as functions of relative humidity and black carbon fraction. These optical properties result in global average forcing from anthropogenic sulfate aerosols of - 0.81 Wm(-2). The global average forcing for biomass aerosols ranged from - 0.23 to - 0.16 Wm-2 depending on the assumed size distribution, while fossil fuel organic and black carbon are estimated to heat the atmosphere by about 0.16 Wm(-2). Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Studies, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Grant, KE (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RI Penner, Joyce/J-1719-2012; chuang, cathy/H-4814-2012
NR 29
TC 49
Z9 52
U1 3
U2 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 33
IS 17
BP 2603
EP 2620
DI 10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00077-1
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 208DU
UT WOS:000080975600002
ER
PT J
AU Corrigan, CE
Novakov, T
AF Corrigan, CE
Novakov, T
TI Cloud condensation nucleus activity of organic compounds: a laboratory
study
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Carbonaceous Particles in the Atmosphere
CY SEP 22-24, 1997
CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA
DE organic aerosols; cloud condensation nuclei
ID ANTHROPOGENIC SULFATE AEROSOLS; ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES; SIZE
DISTRIBUTIONS; SMOKE PARTICLES; NUCLEATION; DERIVATION; BEHAVIOR; CARBON
AB Critical or activation diameters of laboratory generated organic aerosols composed of succinic acid, adipic acid and glucose were determined. Measurements of sodium chloride and ammonium sulfate aerosols were performed for comparison. Our experimental approach involved producing single component aerosol particles of a known size, and measuring the fraction of aerosol number concentrations (CN) that act as CCN at several supersaturations. The particle diameter (D-50) at which the CCN/CN ratio of 0.50 is reached is defined as the critical, or activation, diameter. These experimentally derived diameters are compared with the theoretical critical diameter(D-C). The results indicate that highly water-soluble organic compounds exhibit critical diameters that approach that of ammonium sulfate. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Corrigan, CE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, MS-73, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 31
TC 118
Z9 121
U1 0
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 33
IS 17
BP 2661
EP 2668
DI 10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00310-0
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 208DU
UT WOS:000080975600006
ER
PT J
AU Berry, EA
Zhang, Z
Huang, LS
Kim, SH
AF Berry, EA
Zhang, Z
Huang, LS
Kim, SH
TI Structures of quinone-binding sites in be complexes: functional
implications
SO BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Colloquium on Quinone-Binding Sites in Membrane Proteins - Structure,
Function and Applied Aspects
CY APR 07-09, 1999
CL UNIV GLASGOW, GLASGOW, SCOTLAND
SP AgrEvo UK Ltd, BASF
HO UNIV GLASGOW
ID CYTOCHROME BC(1) COMPLEX; IRON-SULFUR PROTEIN; INHIBITOR BINDING;
RESPIRATORY-CHAIN; C REDUCTASE; BC1 COMPLEX; OXIDATION; MECHANISM;
OXIDOREDUCTASE; TITRATION
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Grad Grp Biophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Berry, EA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 25
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 2
PU PORTLAND PRESS
PI LONDON
PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 3AJ, ENGLAND
SN 0300-5127
J9 BIOCHEM SOC T
JI Biochem. Soc. Trans.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 27
IS 4
BP 565
EP 572
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 230RF
UT WOS:000082263600042
PM 10917643
ER
PT J
AU Ashbaugh, HS
Garde, S
Hummer, G
Kaler, EW
Paulaitis, ME
AF Ashbaugh, HS
Garde, S
Hummer, G
Kaler, EW
Paulaitis, ME
TI Conformational equilibria of alkanes in aqueous solution: Relationship
to water structure near hydrophobic solutes
SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID STATISTICAL MECHANICAL FORMULATION; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; MEAN-FORCE
EXPANSION; CAVITY SURFACE-AREA; FREE-ENERGY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS;
COMPUTER-SIMULATION; BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; CONFINED FLUID;
NORMAL-BUTANE
AB Conformational free energies of butane, pentane, and hexane in water are calculated from molecular simulations with explicit waters and from a simple molecular theory in which the local hydration structure is estimated based on a proximity approximation. This proximity approximation uses only the two nearest carbon atoms on the alkane to predict the local water density at a given point in space. Conformational free energies of hydration are subsequently calculated using a free energy perturbation method. Quantitative agreement is found between the free energies obtained from simulations and theory. Moreover, free energy calculations using this proximity approximation are approximately four orders of magnitude faster than those based on explicit water simulations. Our results demonstrate the accuracy and utility of the proximity approximation for predicting water structure as the basis for a quantitative description of n-alkane conformational equilibria in water. In addition, the proximity approximation provides a molecular foundation for extending predictions of water structure and hydration thermodynamic properties of simple hydrophobic solutes to larger clusters or assemblies of hydrophobic solutes.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
Univ Delaware, Ctr Mol & Engn Thermodynam, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RP Paulaitis, ME (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Maryland Hall 221,3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RI Garde, Shekhar/C-3060-2008; Ashbaugh, Henry/C-9767-2011; Hummer,
Gerhard/A-2546-2013
OI Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X
NR 77
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 3
U2 13
PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0006-3495
J9 BIOPHYS J
JI Biophys. J.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 77
IS 2
BP 645
EP 654
PG 10
WC Biophysics
SC Biophysics
GA 224VK
UT WOS:000081920500001
PM 10423414
ER
PT J
AU Gallas, JM
Littrell, KC
Seifert, S
Zajac, GW
Thiyagarajan, P
AF Gallas, JM
Littrell, KC
Seifert, S
Zajac, GW
Thiyagarajan, P
TI Solution structure of copper ion-induced molecular aggregates of
tyrosine melanin
SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SYNTHETIC MELANIN; SCATTERING
AB Melanin, the ubiquitous biological pigment, provides photoprotection by efficient filtration of light and also by its antioxidant behavior. In solutions of synthetic melanin, both optical and antioxidant behavior are affected by the aggregation states of melanin. We have utilized small-angle x-ray and neutron scattering to determine the molecular dimensions of synthetic tyrosine melanin in its unaggregated state in D2O and H2O to study the structure of melanin aggregates formed in the presence of copper ions at various copper-to-melanin molar ratios. In the absence of copper ions, or at low copper ion concentrations, tyrosine melanin is present in solution as a sheet-like particle with a mean thickness of 12.5 Angstrom and a lateral extent of similar to 54 Angstrom. At a copper-to-melanin molar ratio of 0.6, melanin aggregates to form long, rod-like structures with a radius of 32 Angstrom. At a higher copper ion concentration, with a copper-to-melanin ratio of 1.0, these rod-like structures further aggregate, forming sheet-like structures with a mean thickness of 51 Angstrom. A change in the charge of the ionizable groups induced by the addition of copper ions is proposed to account for part of the aggregation. The data also support a model for the copper-induced aggregation of melanin driven by rr stacking assisted by peripheral Cu2+ complexation. The relationship between our results and a previous hypothesis for reduced cellular damage from bound-to-melanin redox metal ions is also discussed.
C1 Univ Texas, Div Phys & Earth Sci, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Amoco Res Ctr, Naperville, IL 60566 USA.
RP Gallas, JM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Div Phys & Earth Sci, 6900 N Loop 1604 W, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
RI Littrell, Kenneth/D-2106-2013
OI Littrell, Kenneth/0000-0003-2308-8618
NR 20
TC 64
Z9 65
U1 2
U2 12
PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0006-3495
J9 BIOPHYS J
JI Biophys. J.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 77
IS 2
BP 1135
EP 1142
PG 8
WC Biophysics
SC Biophysics
GA 224VK
UT WOS:000081920500045
PM 10423458
ER
PT J
AU Finch, RJ
Cooper, MA
Hawthorne, FC
Ewing, RC
AF Finch, RJ
Cooper, MA
Hawthorne, FC
Ewing, RC
TI Refinement of the crystal structure of rutherfordine
SO CANADIAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE rutherfordine; crystal structure; uranyl carbonate; uranium mineral
ID SPENT NUCLEAR-FUEL; OXIDIZING CONDITIONS; URANIUM; CORROSION; MINERALS;
PHASES; 90-DEGREES-C; DISSOLUTION; MECHANISMS; SPECIATION
AB Rutherfordine, UO2CO3, is orthorhombic, a 4.840(1), b 9.273(2), c 4.298(1) Angstrom, V 192.90(7) Angstrom(3), space group Imm2, Z = 2. The structure was refined to an R index of 2.2% on the basis of 306 unique data [\F-o\/sigma(\F-o\) > 5] measured with MoK alpha X-radiation on a single-crystal diffractometer. The structure consists of neutral sheets of edge- and corner-sharing (UO8) hexagonal bipyramids and (CO3) triangles, as originally proposed by Christ et al. (1955); our refinement, however, shows that (CO3) groups in alternate layers have the same orientation, not opposite orientations as originally reported. The refined value of the U-O(uranyl) distance is strongly affected by the details of the absorption correction, ranging from 1.71 to 1.80 a as a function of the plate-glancing angle used in an empirical psi-scan absorption correction and as a function of the type of weighting scheme used in the refinement. The Gaussian-quadrature method of integration also shows similar problems, but they are less extreme. The preferred value for the U-O(uranyl) distance in rutherfordine is similar to 1.745 Angstrom; as rutherfordine contains no H atoms, the O(uranyl) atom is [1]coordinated, and should have the shortest U-O(uranyl) distance stereochemically possible. The current work suggests that U-O(uranyl) values less than 1.745 Angstrom reported in other studies are adversely affected by less-than-optimum absorption corrections.
C1 Univ Manitoba, Dept Geol Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Finch, RJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Hawthorne, Frank/F-6864-2011; Finch, Robert/D-9553-2013
OI Hawthorne, Frank/0000-0001-6405-9931; Finch, Robert/0000-0001-9342-5574
NR 40
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 1
U2 8
PU MINERALOGICAL ASSOC CANADA
PI NEPEAN
PA CITYVIEW 78087, NEPEAN, ONTARIO K2G 5W2, CANADA
SN 0008-4476
J9 CAN MINERAL
JI Can. Mineral.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 37
BP 929
EP 938
PN 4
PG 10
WC Mineralogy
SC Mineralogy
GA 253CQ
UT WOS:000083539400007
ER
PT J
AU Araki, R
Fukumura, R
Fujimori, A
Taya, Y
Shiloh, Y
Kurimasa, A
Burma, S
Li, GC
Chen, DJ
Sato, K
Hoki, Y
Tatsumi, K
Abe, M
AF Araki, R
Fukumura, R
Fujimori, A
Taya, Y
Shiloh, Y
Kurimasa, A
Burma, S
Li, GC
Chen, DJ
Sato, K
Hoki, Y
Tatsumi, K
Abe, M
TI Enhanced phosphorylation of p53 serine 18 following DNA damage in
DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit-deficient cells
SO CANCER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID V(D)J RECOMBINATION; IONIZING-RADIATION; MOUSE; MUTATION; MICE;
RADIOSENSITIVITY; MUTANTS; PKCS; GENE
AB DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) controls signal transduction following DNA damage. However, the molecular mechanism of the signal transduction has been elusive. A number of candidates for substrates of DNA-PK have been reported on the basis of the in vitro assay system. In particular, the Ser-15 amino acid residue in p53 was one of the first such in vitro substrates to be described, and it has drawn considerable attention due to its biological significance. Moreover, p53 Ser-15 is a site that has been shown to be phosphorylated in response to DNA damage. In addition, crucial evidence indicating that DNA-PK controls the transactivation of p53 following DNA damage was reported quite recently.
To clarify these important issues, we conducted the experiments with dna-pkcs null mutant cells, including gene knockout cells. As a result, we detected enhanced phosphorylation of p53 Ser-18, which corresponds to Ser-15 of human p53, and significant expression of p21 and mdm2 following ionizing radiation. Furthermore, we identified a missense point mutation in the p53 DNA-binding motif region in SCGR11 cells, which were established from severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice and used for previous study on the role of DNA-PK in p53 transactivation.
Our observation clearly indicates that DNA-PK catalytic subunit does not phosphorylate p53 Ser-18 in vivo or control the transactivation of p53 in response to DNA damage, and these results further emphasize the different pathways in which ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM);and DNA-PK operate following radiation damage.
C1 Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Dept Biol & Oncol, Inage Ku, Chiba 2638555, Japan.
Chiba Univ, Chiba 263, Japan.
Natl Canc Ctr, Res Inst, Tokyo 104, Japan.
Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, IL-69978 Ramat Aviv, Israel.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA.
Kinki Univ, Wakayama 64964, Japan.
RP Abe, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Dept Biol & Oncol, Inage Ku, Anagawa 4-9-1, Chiba 2638555, Japan.
NR 21
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI BIRMINGHAM
PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA
SN 0008-5472
J9 CANCER RES
JI Cancer Res.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 59
IS 15
BP 3543
EP 3546
PG 4
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 224GT
UT WOS:000081890200003
PM 10446957
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, LE
Boorman, GA
Morris, JE
Sasser, LB
Mann, PC
Grumbein, SL
Hailey, JR
McNally, A
Sills, RC
Haseman, JK
AF Anderson, LE
Boorman, GA
Morris, JE
Sasser, LB
Mann, PC
Grumbein, SL
Hailey, JR
McNally, A
Sills, RC
Haseman, JK
TI Effect of 13 week magnetic field exposures on DMBA-initiated mammary
gland carcinomas in female Sprague-Dawley rats
SO CARCINOGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
ID MALE BREAST-CANCER; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; CARCINOGENICITY; 50-HZ;
RISK; MORTALITY; WORKERS; WOMEN
AB Several studies suggest that exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields may promote chemically induced breast cancer in rats. Groups of 100 female Sprague-Dawley rats were initiated with four weekly 5 mg gavage doses of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) starting at 50 days of age. After the first weekly DMBA administration, exposure to ambient fields (sham exposed), 50 Hz magnetic fields at either 1 or 5 G field intensity or 60 Hz fields at 1 G for 18.5 h/day, 7 days/week was initiated. Exposure continued for 13 weeks. A vehicle control group without DMBA was included. In a second study, using lower doses of DMBA, groups of 100 female Sprague-Dawley rats were initiated with four weekly doses of 2 mg of DMBA starting at 50 days of age followed, after the first weekly DMBA administration, by exposure to ambient fields (sham exposed) or 50 Hz magnetic fields at either 1 or 5 G field intensity for 18.5 h/day, 7 days/week for 13 weeks. Rats were weighed and palpated meekly for the presence of tumors. There was no effect of magnetic field exposure on body weight gains or on the time of appearance of mammary tumors in either study. At the end of 13 weeks, the animals were killed and the mammary tumors counted and measured, Mammary gland masses found grossly were examined histologically. In the first 13 week study, the mammary gland carcinoma incidences were 92, 86, 96 and 96% for the DMBA controls, 1 G, 50 Hz, 5 G, 50 Hz and 1 G, 60 Hz groups, respectively. The total numbers of carcinomas were 691, 528 (P < 0.05, decrease), 561 and 692 for the DMBA controls, 1 G, 50 Hz, 5 G, 50 Hz and 1 G, 60 Hz groups, respectively. In study 2, the mammary gland carcinoma incidences mere 43, 48 and 38% for the DMBA controls, 1 G, 50 Hz and 5 G, 50 Hz groups, respectively. The total numbers of carcinomas were 102, 90 and 79 for the DMBA controls, 1 G, 50 Hz and 5 G, 50 Hz groups, respectively. There was no effect of magnetic field exposure on tumor size either by in-life palpation or by measurement at necropsy in either study. There was no evidence that 50 or 60 Hz magnetic fields promoted breast cancer in these studies in female rats. These studies do not support the hypothesis that magnetic field exposure promotes breast cancer in this DMBA rat model.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Expt Pathol Lab Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Boorman, GA (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 28
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0143-3334
J9 CARCINOGENESIS
JI Carcinogenesis
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 20
IS 8
BP 1615
EP 1620
DI 10.1093/carcin/20.8.1615
PG 6
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 226DB
UT WOS:000082004100034
PM 10426815
ER
PT J
AU Hartmann, T
Paviet-Hartmann, P
Rubin, JB
Sickafus, KE
AF Hartmann, T
Paviet-Hartmann, P
Rubin, JB
Sickafus, KE
TI Supercritical CO2 carbonation of cemented radioactive waste-forms -
Influence on leachability and structure
SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Hartmann, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MST-8,MS K762, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 5
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-8846
J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES
JI Cem. Concr. Res.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 29
IS 8
BP 1359
EP 1359
DI 10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00057-5
PG 1
WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science
GA 238XD
UT WOS:000082739300027
ER
PT J
AU Dahan, M
Deniz, AA
Ha, TJ
Chemla, DS
Schultz, PG
Weiss, S
AF Dahan, M
Deniz, AA
Ha, TJ
Chemla, DS
Schultz, PG
Weiss, S
TI Ratiometric measurement and identification of single diffusing molecules
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUORESCENCE CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER;
CROSS-CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; CONFORMATIONAL
FLUCTUATIONS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; DNA; DYNAMICS; EXCITATION; MICROSCOPY
AB The concept of ratiometric identification and separation of sub-populations of single biomolecules which are labeled with individual fluorophores and are freely diffusing (or flowing) through the laser excitation volume is introduced. The efficacy of the scheme versus the signal and noise level is considered and a general theoretical framework and data analysis schemes are introduced. Experimental results that demonstrate distributions of single molecule fluorescence polarization anisotropy (smFPA) and single pair fluorescence resonance energy transfer (spFRET) in solution are presented. Ultimate resolution for identifying molecular observables such as conformational states, degree of freedom of motion and spectral distribution are discussed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Weiss, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Ha, Taekjip/B-9506-2009; Dahan, Maxime /F-1740-2010; weiss,
shimon/B-4164-2009
OI Ha, Taekjip/0000-0003-2195-6258; weiss, shimon/0000-0002-0720-5426
NR 56
TC 111
Z9 111
U1 0
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0301-0104
J9 CHEM PHYS
JI Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 247
IS 1
BP 85
EP 106
DI 10.1016/S0301-0104(99)00132-9
PG 22
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 231HT
UT WOS:000082303000010
ER
PT J
AU Ha, TJ
Ting, AY
Liang, J
Deniz, AA
Chemla, DS
Schultz, PG
Weiss, S
AF Ha, TJ
Ting, AY
Liang, J
Deniz, AA
Chemla, DS
Schultz, PG
Weiss, S
TI Temporal fluctuations of fluorescence resonance energy transfer between
two dyes conjugated to a single protein
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM JUMPS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; MOLECULES; POLARIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY;
DYNAMICS; BLINKING
AB Biological molecules together with available labeling chemistries provide an ideal setting to investigate the interaction between two closely spaced dye molecules. The photo-excitation of a donor molecule can be non-radiatively transferred to a near-by acceptor molecule via the induced-dipole-induced-dipole interaction in a distance-dependent manner. In this work, we further elaborate on single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements between two dye molecules attached to a single protein - staphylococcal nuclease molecules [T. Ha, A.Y. Ting, J. Liang, W.B. Caldwell, A.A. Deniz, D.S. Chemla, P.G. Schultz, S. Weiss, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96 (1999) 893-898]. Temporal fluctuations in the energy transfer signal include: (1) reversible transitions to dark states; (2) irreversible photodestruction; (3) intersystem crossing to and from the triplet state; (4) spectral fluctuations; (5) rotational dynamics of the dyes; and (6) distance changes between the two dyes. To extract biologically relevant information from such measurements, an experimental strategy and data analysis schemes are developed. First, abrupt photophysical events, such as (1)-(3) are identified and removed from the data. The remaining slow, gradual fluctuations in the energy transfer signal are due to spectral shifts, rotational dynamics and distance changes of the dyes. Direct measurements of each dye's spectral fluctuation and rotational dynamics indicate that these, by themselves, cannot fully account for the observed energy transfer fluctuations. It is therefore concluded that inter-dye distance changes must be present as well. The distance and orientational dynamics are shown to be dependent on the binding of the active-site inhibitor (deoxythymidine diphosphate) to the protein. The inhibitor most probably affects the protein's stability and the dye-protein interaction, possibly by amplifying the motion of the linker arm between the fluorophore and the protein. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V, All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Weiss, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Ha, Taekjip/B-9506-2009; weiss, shimon/B-4164-2009
OI Ha, Taekjip/0000-0003-2195-6258; weiss, shimon/0000-0002-0720-5426
NR 26
TC 76
Z9 79
U1 0
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0301-0104
J9 CHEM PHYS
JI Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 247
IS 1
BP 107
EP 118
DI 10.1016/S0301-0104(99)00149-4
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 231HT
UT WOS:000082303000011
ER
PT J
AU Weston, RE
AF Weston, RE
TI Anomalous or mass-independent isotope effects
SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID ISOTOPICALLY HEAVY OZONE; DIATOM DIATOM REACTIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE;
SYMMETRY RESTRICTIONS; THEORETICAL-ANALYSIS; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE;
STRATOSPHERIC CO2; MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; NITROUS-OXIDE; MULTI-ISOTOPE
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Weston, RE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 93
TC 75
Z9 76
U1 1
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0009-2665
J9 CHEM REV
JI Chem. Rev.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 99
IS 8
BP 2115
EP 2136
DI 10.1021/cr9800154
PG 22
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 227YP
UT WOS:000082107800004
ER
PT J
AU Johal, MS
Cao, YW
Chai, XD
Smilowitz, LB
Robinson, JM
Li, TJ
McBranch, D
Li, DQ
AF Johal, MS
Cao, YW
Chai, XD
Smilowitz, LB
Robinson, JM
Li, TJ
McBranch, D
Li, DQ
TI Spontaneously self-assembled polar asymmetric multilayers formed by
complementary H-bonds
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUM-FREQUENCY SPECTROSCOPY; BARBITURIC-ACID; INTERFACE; MONOLAYER;
GENERATION; SURFACE
AB Driven by weak intermolecular interactions between the complementary H-bonds, melamine derivatives and barbituric acids spontaneously self-assemble into the supramolecular ribbon shown. Surprisingly, the supramolecular ribbons stack into a polar, asymmetric (head-to-tail) multilayer structure during film formation. The structure-property relationship of these thick films was investigated using X-ray diffraction and several optical techniques. Spontaneously Self-Assembled Polar Asymmetric Multilayers Formed by Complementary H-Bonds
[GRAPHICS]
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Jilin Univ, Dept Chem, Changchun 130023, Peoples R China.
RP Li, DQ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 27
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 11
IS 8
BP 1962
EP +
DI 10.1021/cm990158m
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 227YZ
UT WOS:000082108800005
ER
PT J
AU Fryxell, GE
Liu, J
Hauser, TA
Nie, ZM
Ferris, KF
Mattigod, S
Gong, ML
Hallen, RT
AF Fryxell, GE
Liu, J
Hauser, TA
Nie, ZM
Ferris, KF
Mattigod, S
Gong, ML
Hallen, RT
TI Design and synthesis of selective mesoporous anion traps
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-SIEVES; FUNCTIONALIZED MONOLAYERS; SILICA; TEMPLATES; MCM-41;
FILMS
AB Arsenic contamination of groundwater has recently commanded widespread public attention. Under many conditions, arsenic, and certain other environmentally relevant toxic metals such as chromium, exist in nature as oxyanions. Selective binding of anions is one of the most challenging problems in chemistry, biology, and materials and environmental science. In this paper we report the synthesis and use of metal-chelated ligands immobilized on mesoporous silica as novel anion binding materials. Nearly complete removal of arsenate and chromate has been achieved in the presence of competing anions for solutions containing more than 100 mg/L (ppm) toxic metal anions under a variety of conditions. Anion loading of more than 120 mg (anion)/g of adsorption materials is observed. A binding mechanism is also proposed on the basis of computer modeling. First, Cu(II) ions are bonded to ethylenediamine (EDA) Ligands to form octahedral complexes on the surface of the mesoporous silica. This gives rise to positively charged hosts with 3-fold symmetry that match the geometry of tetrahedral anions. The anion binding involves initial electrosteric coordination, followed by displacement of one ligand and direct binding with the Cu(II) center.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99353 USA.
RP Liu, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99353 USA.
NR 41
TC 197
Z9 201
U1 4
U2 42
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 11
IS 8
BP 2148
EP 2154
DI 10.1021/cm990104c
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 227YZ
UT WOS:000082108800031
ER
PT J
AU Williams, DJ
Kruger, JS
McLeroy, AF
Wilkinson, AP
Hanson, JC
AF Williams, DJ
Kruger, JS
McLeroy, AF
Wilkinson, AP
Hanson, JC
TI Iridium(III) amine complexes as high-stability structure-directing
agents for the synthesis of metal phosphates
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ONE-DIMENSIONAL ALUMINOPHOSPHATE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ALUMINUM PHOSPHATE;
HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; CHIRAL LAYERS; PLATE DATA; ZEOLITE; DIFFRACTION;
CHAIN; MICROCRYSTAL
AB The metal complexes Ir(en)(3)(3+) and M((+/-)chxn)(3)(3+) (en = 1,2-diaminoethane, chxn = trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane, M = Kr or Co) have been used to synthesize the layered compound Delta,Lambda-Ir(en)(3)[Al(3)P(4)O(16)]. xH(2)O (x approximate to 3.45) and the chain compounds M(chxn)(3)[Al(2)P(3)O(12)]. xH(2)O (x approximate to 4). The chain compounds contain two of the eight possible isomeric forms of the cation, Lambda(lel(2)ob)-[M(S,S-chxn)(2)(R,R-chxn)](3+) and its mirror image Delta(lel(2)ob)-[M(R,R-chxn)(2)(S,S-chxn)](3+). Microcrystals of the Ir(en)(3)(3+) and Ir(chxn)(3)(3+) containing AlPOs were structurally characterized using synchrotron radiation. Delta,Lambda-Ir(en)(3)[Al(3)P(4)O(16)]. xH(2)O is isomorphous with the previously reported material Delta,Lambda-Co(en)(3)[Al(3)P(4)O(16)]. xH(2)O. The materials prepared using Co((+/-)chxn)(3)(3+) and Ir((+/-)chxn)(3)(3+) are also isostructural with one another and contain a new type of aluminophosphate chain. The use of Ir(III) in the structure-directing metal complex enabled the use of much harsher hydrothermal conditions for the metal phosphate synthesis than could be employed with the corresponding Co(III) complexes. Ir(C(2)N(2)H(8))(3)[Al(3)P(4)O(16)]. 3.45H(2)O: M(r) = 895.5, orthorhombic, Pnna, a = 8.548(5), b = 21.983(14), c = 13.970(9) Angstrom, V = 2625(3) Angstrom(3), Z = 4, rho(calc) = 2.266 g cm(-3), lambda = 1.1167 Angstrom, mu = 14.03 mm(-1), F(000) = 1762, T = 293 K, R(F) = 0.128 for 954 reflections I > 2 sigma(I). Ir(C(6)N(2)H(14))(3)Al(2)P(3)O(12). 4H(2)O: M(r) = 945.7, triclinic, P (1) over bar, a = 9.649(5), b = 12.365(9), c = 16.083(8) Angstrom, alpha = 100.02(6), beta = 101.64(5), gamma = 104.75(6)degrees, V = 1765(2) Angstrom(3), Z = 2, rho(calc) = 1.779 g cm(-3), lambda = 1.1167 Angstrom, mu = 9.747 mm(-1), F(000) = 952, T = 293 K, R(F) = 0.128 for 966 reflections I > 2 sigma(I).
C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
Kennesaw State Univ, Dept Chem, Marietta, GA 30061 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Wilkinson, AP (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RI Wilkinson, Angus/C-3408-2008; Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010
OI Wilkinson, Angus/0000-0003-2904-400X;
NR 68
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 11
IS 8
BP 2241
EP 2249
DI 10.1021/cm9901921
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 227YZ
UT WOS:000082108800044
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, HA
Parks, GA
Brown, GE
AF Thompson, HA
Parks, GA
Brown, GE
TI Ambient-temperature synthesis, evolution, and characterization of
cobalt-aluminum hydrotalcite-like solids
SO CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE anionic clay; cation ordering; coprecipitation; EXAFS; hydrotalcite;
IGP-MS; solubility product; TEM; metal contamination; solid solution;
interstratification
ID LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES; SURFACE PRECIPITATION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION;
ANION-EXCHANGE; SORPTION; CHEMISTRY; MINERALS; OXIDES; IONS; ADSORPTION
AB Double hydroxide solids precipitated homogeneously from three laboratory-synthesized aqueous solutions that simulated mildly contaminated surface or groundwater. Over a limited pH range, precipitates formed rapidly from dissolved ions, and more slowly by incorporating ions dissolving from other solids, including highly soluble aluminous solids. The precipitates were characterized by size and shape via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), by composition via inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) of mother solutions and analytical electron microscopy (AEM) of precipitates, and by structure via powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), TEM, and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. They were identified as nanocrystalline cobalt hydrotalcite (CoHT) of the form [Co(II)(1-x)Al(III)(x)(OH)(2)](x+)(A(x/n)(n-)). mH(2)O, with x = 0.17-0.25, A = CO32-, NO3-, or H3SiO4-, n = anion charge and m undetermined. Complete solid solution may exist at the macroscopic level for the range of stoichiometries reported, but clustering of Co atoms within hydroxide layers indicates a degree of immiscibility at the molecular scale. Composition evolved toward the Go-rich endmember with time for at least one precipitate. The small layer charge in the x = 0.17 precipitate caused anionic interlayers to be incomplete, producing interstratification of hydrotalcite and brucite-like layers. Solubility products estimated from solution measurements for the observed final CoHT stoichiometries suggest that CoHT is less soluble than the inactive forms of Co(OH)(2) and CoCO3 near neutral pH. Low solubility and rapid formation suggest that CoHT solids may be important sinks for Co in contact with near neutral pH waters. Because hydrotalcite can incorporate a range of transition metals, precipitation of hydrotalcite may be similarly effective for removing other trace metals from natural waters.
C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Thompson, HA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D469, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 50
TC 47
Z9 48
U1 4
U2 15
PU CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 4416, BOULDER, CO 80306 USA
SN 0009-8604
J9 CLAY CLAY MINER
JI Clay Clay Min.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 47
IS 4
BP 425
EP 438
DI 10.1346/CCMN.1999.0470405
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Soil
Science
SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy; Agriculture
GA 231TM
UT WOS:000082326300005
ER
PT J
AU Hudson, EA
Terminello, LJ
Viani, BE
Denecke, M
Reich, T
Allen, PG
Bucher, JJ
Shuh, DK
Edelstein, NM
AF Hudson, EA
Terminello, LJ
Viani, BE
Denecke, M
Reich, T
Allen, PG
Bucher, JJ
Shuh, DK
Edelstein, NM
TI The structure of U6+ sorption complexes on vermiculite and hydrobiotite
SO CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE cation exchange; EXAFS; sorption; surface complex; uranium; uranyl;
vermiculite; XANES; XRD
ID NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; URANYL-ION; URANIUM STRUCTURES; EXAFS;
MONTMORILLONITE; SPECIATION; SCATTERING; SILICATE; CLAY
AB The sorption of the uranyl oxo-cation (UO22+)at different types of binding sites on layer silicate mineral surfaces was investigated. Well-characterized samples of vermiculite and hydrobiotite were exposed to aqueous uranyl under conditions designed to promote surface sorption either at fixed charge ion-exchange sites or at amphoteric surface hydroxyl sites. The local structure of uranium in the sorption samples was directly measured using uranium L-3-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). Polarized L-1- and L-3-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) measurements were used to characterize the orientation of uranyl groups in layered samples. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of interlayer spacings were used to assess the effects of ion-exchange and dehydration upon the mineral structure. The most significant findings are: (1) Under conditions which greatly favor ion-exchange sorption mechanisms, uranyl retains a symmetric local structure suggestive of an outer-sphere complex, with a preferred orientation of the uranyl axis parallel to the mineral layers; (2) Upon dehydration, the ion-exchange complexes adopt a less symmetric structure, consistent with an inner-sphere complex, with less pronounced orientation of the uranyl axis; and (3) For conditions which favor sorption at surface hydroxyl sites, uranyl has a highly distorted equatorial shell, indicative of stronger equatorial ligation, and the detection of a neighboring U atom suggests the formation of surface precipitates and/or oligomeric complexes.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst Transactinium Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Rossendorf Inc, Forschungszentrum Rossendorf EV, Inst Radiochem, D-01314 Dresden, Germany.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Hudson, EA (reprint author), Lam Res Corp, CA-3,4650 Cushing Pkwy, Fremont, CA 94538 USA.
RI The Rossendorf Beamline at ESRF, ROBL/A-2586-2011; Reich,
Tobias/C-7064-2016
OI Reich, Tobias/0000-0002-5600-3951
NR 29
TC 47
Z9 48
U1 1
U2 15
PU CLAY MINERALS SOC
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY, STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0009-8604
EI 1552-8367
J9 CLAY CLAY MINER
JI Clay Clay Min.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 47
IS 4
BP 439
EP 457
DI 10.1346/CCMN.1999.0470406
PG 19
WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Soil
Science
SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy; Agriculture
GA 231TM
UT WOS:000082326300006
ER
PT J
AU Rosenberg, NJ
Epstein, DJ
Wang, D
Vail, L
Srinivasan, R
Arnold, JG
AF Rosenberg, NJ
Epstein, DJ
Wang, D
Vail, L
Srinivasan, R
Arnold, JG
TI Possible impacts of global warming on the hydrology of the Ogallala
aquifer region
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; YIELD; CLIMATE; SENSITIVITY; SIMULATION;
GROWTH; MODEL; CROPS; USA
AB The Ogallala or High Plains aquifer provides water for about 20% of the irrigated land in the United States. About 20 km(3) (16.6 million acre-feet) of water are withdrawn annually from this aquifer. In general, recharge has not compensated for withdrawals since major irrigation development began in this region in the 1940s. The mining of the Ogallala has been pictured as an analogue to climate change in that many GCMs predict a warmer and drier future for this region. In this paper we attempt to anticipate the possible impacts of climate change on the sustainability of the aquifer as a source of water for irrigation and other purposes in the region. We have applied HUMUS, the Hydrologic Unit Model of the U.S. to the Missouri and Arkansas-White-Red water resource regions that overlie the Ogallala. We have imposed three general circulation model (GISS, UKTR and BMRC) projections of future climate change on this region and simulated the changes that may be induced in water yields (runoff plus lateral flow) and ground water recharge. Each GCM was applied to HUMUS at three levels of global mean temperature (GMT) to represent increasing severity of climate change (a surrogate for time). HUMUS was also run at three levels of atmospheric CO2 concentration (hereafter denoted by [CO2]) in order to estimate the impacts of direct CO2 effects on photosynthesis and evapotranspiration. Since the UKTR and GISS GCMs project increased precipitation in the Missouri basin, water yields increase there. The BMRC GCM predicts sharply decreased precipitation and, hence, reduced water yields. Precipitation reductions are even greater in the Arkansas basin under BMRC as are the consequent water yield losses. GISS and UKTR climates lead to only moderate yield losses in the Arkansas. CO2-fertilization reverses these losses and yields increase slightly. CO2 fertilization increases recharge in the base (no climate change) case in both basins. Recharge is reduced under all three GCMs and severities of climate change.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Washington, DC USA.
Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Texas A&M Univ, Blackland Res Ctr, Temple, TX USA.
ARS, USDA, Temple, TX USA.
RP Rosenberg, NJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Washington, DC USA.
RI Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009
NR 34
TC 88
Z9 91
U1 5
U2 75
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
PI DORDRECHT
PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 42
IS 4
BP 677
EP 692
DI 10.1023/A:1005424003553
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 218VU
UT WOS:000081574400004
ER
PT J
AU Wang, SQ
Miller, DL
Cernansky, NP
Curran, HJ
Pitz, WJ
Westbrook, CK
AF Wang, SQ
Miller, DL
Cernansky, NP
Curran, HJ
Pitz, WJ
Westbrook, CK
TI A flow reactor study of neopentane oxidation at 8 atmospheres:
Experiments and modeling
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS-PHASE OXIDATION; RADICALS; ALKYL; AUTOIGNITION; COMBUSTION;
CHEMISTRY; PRESSURES; ATM
AB An existing detailed chemical kinetic reaction mechanism for neopentane oxidation [1] is applied to new experimental measurements taken in a flow reactor [2] operating at a pressure of 8 atm. The reactor temperature ranged from 620 K to 810 K and flow rates of the reactant gases neopentane, oxygen, and nitrogen were 0.285, 7.6, and 137.1 standard liter per minute (SLM), respectively, producing an equivalence ratio of 0.3. Initial simulations identified some deficiencies in the existing model and the paper presents modifications which included upgrading the thermodynamic parameters of alkyl radical and alkylperoxy radical species, adding an alternative isomerization reaction of hydroperoxy-neopentyl-peroxy, and a multistep reaction sequence for 2-methylpropan-2-yl radical with molecular oxygen. These changes improved the calculation for the overall reactivity and the concentration profiles of the following primary products: formaldehyde, acetone, isobutene; 3,3-dimethyloxetane, methacrolein, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water. Experiments indicate that neopentane shows negative temperature coefficient behavior similar to other alkanes, though it is not as pronounced as that shown by n-pentane for example. Modeling results indicate that this behavior is caused by the beta-scission of the neopentyl radical and the chain propagation reactions of the hydroperoxyl-neopentyl radical. (C) 1999 by The Combustion Institute.
C1 Drexel Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mech, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Curran, HJ (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mech, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
OI Curran, Henry/0000-0002-5124-8562
NR 44
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 0010-2180
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 118
IS 3
BP 415
EP 430
DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(99)00014-0
PG 16
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 206AV
UT WOS:000080854600008
ER
PT J
AU Himmel, ME
Ruth, MF
Wyman, CE
AF Himmel, ME
Ruth, MF
Wyman, CE
TI Cellulase for commodity products from cellulosic biomass
SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID TRICHODERMA-REESEI; MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; DIRECTED EVOLUTION; FUEL
ETHANOL; HYDROLYSIS; MODEL; ENZYME; CELLOBIOHYDROLASES; PERSPECTIVE
AB A vital objective for second millennium biotechnology will be the enzymatic conversion of renewable cellulosic biomass to inexpensive fermentable sugars; new and more efficient fermentation processes will convert this biological 'currency' to a variety of commodity products. Although early strides will be made using process development and engineering disciplines, mid-term and longer advances must rely heavily on insight gained through protein and metabolic engineering technologies. These challenging goats can be met most effectively by the full integration of academic, federal, and industrial efforts in teams that develop and apply new fundamental knowledge to key cost drivers.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
RP Himmel, ME (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Michael_Himmel@nrel.gov; Mark_Ruth@nrel.gov;
Charles.E.Wyman@Dartmouth.edu
NR 45
TC 183
Z9 195
U1 2
U2 30
PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0958-1669
J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH
JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 10
IS 4
BP 358
EP 364
DI 10.1016/S0958-1669(99)80065-2
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 223EZ
UT WOS:000081829100009
ER
PT J
AU Colvin, ME
Sasaki, JC
Tran, NL
AF Colvin, ME
Sasaki, JC
Tran, NL
TI Chemical factors in the action of phosphoramidic mustard alkylating
anticancer drugs: Roles for computational chemistry
SO CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
LA English
DT Review
ID INTERSTRAND CROSS-LINK; SEQUENCE SELECTIVE ALKYLATION; NITROGEN
MUSTARDS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DUPLEX DNA; ISOPHOSPHORAMIDE MUSTARD;
DEOXYGUANOSINE RESIDUES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; STRUCTURAL BASIS;
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
AB The nitrogen mustard based DNA alkylating agents were the first effective anticancer agents and remain important drugs against many forms of cancer. More than fifty years of research on the nitrogen mustards has yielded a broad range of therapeutically useful compounds and a detailed knowledge of the biochemical mechanism of these drugs. Nevertheless, there is much ongoing research on the phosphosphoramidic and other nitrogen mustards to increase their potency and reduce their toxic and mutagenic side effects. To understand the existing nitrogen mustards, and to design the next generation of these drugs, more knowledge is needed about the effects of chemical modifications on their activation and selectivity.
Because of the existing knowledge of these drugs, atomic-level chemical modeling can play an important role in the understanding of the phosphoramidic mustard compounds; however, it has not proved straight forward to directly relate the activity of these mustards with simple chemical properties such as bond lengths or atomic charges. Instead, quantum chemical simulations will be required to simulate the activation and alkylation reactions of these compounds, which will require the newest generation of quantum chemical and solvent modeling methods. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations of the adducted DNA can provide data on the factors favoring crosslinking and its structural consequences. This review summarizes the extensive literature on the metabolism, activation, and action of the phosphoramidic mustards, with an emphasis on the roles that chemical modeling has and will play in the development of this important class of drugs.
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Div Mol & Struct Biol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Colvin, ME (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Div Mol & Struct Biol, Mailstop L-452, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA55861]
NR 93
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL BV
PI HILVERSUM
PA PO BOX 1673, 1200 BR HILVERSUM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1381-6128
J9 CURR PHARM DESIGN
JI Curr. Pharm. Design
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 5
IS 8
BP 645
EP 663
PG 19
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 241GQ
UT WOS:000082874600007
PM 10469896
ER
PT J
AU Kim, YS
Jett, JH
Larson, EJ
Penttila, JR
Marrone, BL
Keller, RA
AF Kim, YS
Jett, JH
Larson, EJ
Penttila, JR
Marrone, BL
Keller, RA
TI Bacterial fingerprinting by flow cytometry: Bacterial species
discrimination
SO CYTOMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE bacteria fingerprinting; flow cytometry; DNA sizing
ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
DNA; FRAGMENTS
AB Background: A now cytometric measurement (FCM) technique has been developed to size DNA fragments. Individual fragments of a restriction digest of genomic DNA, stained with an intercalating dye, are passed through an ultrasensitive cytometer. The measured fluorescence intensity from each fragment is proportional to the fragment length.
Methods: The isolation of bacterial genomic DNA and digestion by restriction enzymes were performed inside an agarose plug. Rare cutting enzymes were employed to produce a manageable number of DNA fragments. Electroelution was used to move the DNA fragments from the agarose plug into a solution containing polyamines to protect the DNA from shear-induced breakage. The DNA was stained with the bisintercalating dye thiazole orange homodimer and introduced into our ultrasensitive flow cytometer. A histogram of the fluorescence intensities (fingerprint) was constructed.
Results: Gram-positive Bacillus globigii and Gramnegative bacteria Escherichia coli and Erwinia herbicola were distinguished by the fingerprint pattern of restriction fragments of their genomic DNA. DNA sizes determined by FCM are in good agreement with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. Flow cytometry requires only picogram quantities of purified DNA and takes less than 10 min for data collection and analysis. When the total sample preparation time is included, the analysis times for PFGE and ECM are similar (approximate to 3 days).
Conclusions: FCM is an attractive technique for the identification of bacterial species. It is more sensitive and potentially much faster than PFGE. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Keller, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01315]
NR 25
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 9
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA
SN 0196-4763
J9 CYTOMETRY
JI Cytometry
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 36
IS 4
BP 324
EP 332
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19990801)36:4<324::AID-CYTO7>3.0.CO;2-K
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 218XP
UT WOS:000081578600007
PM 10404148
ER
PT J
AU Gorbarenko, SA
Southon, JR
AF Gorbarenko, SA
Southon, JR
TI Detailed dated paleoenvironmental changes of the Japan Sea during last
glaciation-Holocene
SO DOKLADY AKADEMII NAUK
LA Russian
DT Article
ID OXYGEN ISOTOPES; LEVEL
C1 Russian Acad Sci, Far E Div, Pacific Oceanol Inst, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Gorbarenko, SA (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Far E Div, Pacific Oceanol Inst, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNIGA
PI MOSCOW
PA 39 DIMITROVA UL., 113095 MOSCOW, RUSSIA
SN 0869-5652
J9 DOKL AKAD NAUK+
JI Dokl. Akad. Nauk
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 367
IS 4
BP 541
EP 543
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 271DV
UT WOS:000084579700028
ER
PT J
AU Kerstein, AR
AF Kerstein, AR
TI One-dimensional turbulence Part 2. Staircases in double-diffusive
convection
SO DYNAMICS OF ATMOSPHERES AND OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE one-dimensional turbulence; unsteady simulation; interface formation
ID STABLE SALINITY GRADIENT; INTERFACE; TRANSPORT; NUMBER; HEAT
AB One-Dimensional Turbulence (ODT), a turbulence model implemented as an unsteady simulation, is applied to the diffusive regime of double-diffusive convection. For this application, no parameter adjustment or other empiricism is required, Computed component fluxes across heat-salt and sail-sugar interfaces are consistent with the Linden-Shirtcliffe picture, applicable at intermediate density ratios, and Newell's model of interface evolution at high density ratios. The experimentally observed onset of a variable regime at density ratios below 2 is reproduced, Simulations of interface formation in a bottom-heated salt-stabilized medium indicate that Fernando's scaling for interface stabilization height may also apply to the height of initial interface formation. The simulations generate staircases resembling those seen in laboratory experiments, and suggest a refinement of a scaling inferred from experiments. Computed results for a thermally forced configuration and an unforced, vertically homogeneous configuration are compared. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Dept 8351, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Kerstein, AR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Dept 8351, MS 9051,7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 24
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0265
J9 DYNAM ATMOS OCEANS
JI Dyn. Atmos. Oceans
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 30
IS 1
BP 25
EP 46
DI 10.1016/S0377-0265(99)00017-2
PG 22
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
GA 234QF
UT WOS:000082495300002
ER
PT J
AU Scurlock, JMO
Cramer, W
Olson, RJ
Parton, WJ
Prince, SD
AF Scurlock, JMO
Cramer, W
Olson, RJ
Parton, WJ
Prince, SD
TI Terrestrial NPP: Toward a consistent data set for global model
evaluation
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon cycle, global; modeling the global carbon cycle; net primary
productivity; NPP data use for model validation; NPP field data, need
for consistency
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; SOIL CARBON; ATMOSPHERE;
WORLDWIDE; DYNAMICS; IMPACT
AB Progress in modeling the global carbon cycle is inhibited by the lack of a high-quality data set based upon field observations of net primary productivity (NPP) with which to calibrate, parameterize, and evaluate terrestrial biosphere models. Under the auspices of the Global Primary Production Data Initiative (GPPDI), an activity endorsed by the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program's Data and Information System, a small international workshop was held in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, in December 1996 to address the problem of extrapolating sparse field observations of NPP to produce a consistent database representative of major biomes. We report the conclusions of this workshop and the goals of GPPDI-to further expand the existing data compilation, to agree upon consistent standards for cross-site comparisons and allometric relationships for various biome types, and to document methodologies for spatial extrapolation from point measurements to grid cells. The resulting NPP database will also have intrinsic value: global data are important for many ecological problems, and NPP is a kind of "pathfinder" for other ecological data sets.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany.
Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Scurlock, JMO (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Cramer, Wolfgang/B-8221-2008
OI Cramer, Wolfgang/0000-0002-9205-5812
NR 37
TC 77
Z9 104
U1 5
U2 19
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 9
IS 3
BP 913
EP 919
DI 10.2307/2641338
PG 7
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 225QQ
UT WOS:000081972600013
ER
PT J
AU Peters, EL
Schultz, IR
Newman, MC
AF Peters, EL
Schultz, IR
Newman, MC
TI Rubidium and cesium kinetics and tissue distributions in channel catfish
(Ictalurus punctatus)
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE rubidium; cesium; kinetics; clearance-volume model; fish
ID TROUT SALMO-GAIRDNERI; FRESH-WATER FISH; BROWN TROUT; RADIOCESIUM;
ELIMINATION; METABOLISM; TURNOVER; PHARMACOKINETICS; RADIONUCLIDES;
RESERVOIR
AB We used a two-compartment, clearance volume-based model to examine rubidium and cesium pharmacokinetics in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after intravascular administration. We compared the apparent volumes of distribution in the central and peripheral compartments and the intercompartmental and whole-body clearances of both metals at 20.0 degrees C and 27.5 degrees C. Biological half-times of Rb were 15 to 16 d at both temperatures, but Cs biological half-times averaged 101 d and 85 d at 20.0 degrees C and 27.5 degrees C, respectively (5 to 7 times longer than those of Rb in the same individual). Both the intercompartmental and total body clearances of Rb were also 6 to 7 times greater than those of Cs. The apparent volumes of distribution for Rb in the central compartments were twice those of Cs and remained constant with temperature. The apparent volumes of distribution of both elements in peripheral compartments were large compared with their corresponding central compartments, and decreased by a similar extent with increased temperature. Cesium tissue to blood ratios were greatest for white muscle, with more than 85% of the Cs present in this tissue. Partitioning of Cs in peripheral tissues apparently decreased with increased temperature conditions. Our results indicate that application of pharmacokinetic modeling techniques can enhance studies of radionuclide kinetics by helping to identify rate-limiting processes within individuals that may control uptake and elimination.
C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RP Peters, EL (reprint author), Chicago State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 9501 S King Dr, Chicago, IL 60628 USA.
NR 43
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 9
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
PI DORDRECHT
PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 8
IS 4
BP 287
EP 300
DI 10.1023/A:1008981216690
PG 14
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 254DN
UT WOS:000083596800005
ER
PT J
AU Baker, RJ
Dewoody, JA
Wright, AJ
Chesser, RK
AF Baker, RJ
Dewoody, JA
Wright, AJ
Chesser, RK
TI On the utility of heteroplasmy in genotoxicity studies: An example from
Chornobyl
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE heteroplasmy; Chornobyl; ionizing radiation; mitochondrial DNA;
Clethrionomys glareolus
ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; SEQUENCE HETEROPLASMY; GENE; CHERNOBYL; SEGREGATION;
MUTATIONS; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; GENOTYPE; MAMMALS
AB We examine the utility of mtDNA heteroplasmy in assessing genetic damage due to environmental insult. Site heteroplasmy was quantified in a 400 bp portion of the cytochrome b gene in voles from a contaminated area near Chornobyl, Ukraine and from a relative control site by examining pregnant females and their embryos. A four hundred base pair segment was sequenced from approximately ten clones from each mother and embryo. Taq and/or cloning mutations were evaluated to estimate technical error. Although the rates of substitutions in clonal variants for experimentals, biological controls and technical controls were 1 in 1,840 bp, 1 in 2,280 bp, and 1 in 3,333 bp, respectively, we could not reject the null hypothesis that the variants were the result of a single, combined, mutation rate. However, multiple substitutions and transversions were restricted to clones from the Chornobyl samples. Bootstrap analyses indicate that these aspects of variation were significantly different from the controls. Examination of the mitochondrial genome by cloning individual molecules for site heteroplasmy to estimate effects of pollution on mutation rate in free-living organisms appears to warrant additional study.
C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Baker, RJ (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RI DeWoody, James/C-4909-2008
OI DeWoody, James/0000-0002-7315-5631
NR 35
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 2
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
PI DORDRECHT
PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 8
IS 4
BP 301
EP 309
DI 10.1023/A:1008985300760
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 254DN
UT WOS:000083596800006
ER
PT J
AU Cornejo, JJ
Munoz, FG
Ma, CY
Stewart, AJ
AF Cornejo, JJ
Munoz, FG
Ma, CY
Stewart, AJ
TI Studies on the decontamination of air by plants
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE phytoremediation; VOCs; volatile organic pollutants; air cleansing by
plants
ID LEAVES; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; PHYTOREMEDIATION; FORMALDEHYDE
AB We conducted laboratory tests with six species of plants to determine their ability to remove benzene, trichloroethylene (TCE) and toluene from air. The objective of this proof-of-principal study was to evaluate the idea that phytoremediation techniques might be used to lower the concentrations of indoor air pollutants, such as volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds. Plants were exposed to the pollutants singly or in mixtures in an airtight chamber, and concentrations of the pollutants in the chamber were monitored through time to assess plant effects on the pollutants. In several experiments, we measured air temperature and CO2, as well. Lower surfaces of leaves of several of the species we tested were also examined by scanning electron microscopy to determine stomate abundance and size, and to provide information about leaf-surface elemental composition (by X-ray emission spectroscopy). Several of the species demonstrated an extensive ability to remove benzene from air. Gas chromatography methods allowed a reasonably direct, continuous monitoring of the kinetics and overall efficiency of the pollutant-removal process. We found that pollutant removal efficiency varied in response to plant species and the pollutant. Of the pollutants tested, benzene was most efficiently removed from air by Pelargonium domesticum, Ficus elastica and Chlorophytum comosum. Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, a common ornamental plant, appeared to take up benzene selectively over toluene, and TCE was removed efficiently from the air by C. comosum. Pentane, sometimes used as an internal standard in GC/MS, was removed from air by at least four of the species. For C. comosum, TCE appeared to lower the removal rates of benzene and pentane. Low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy provided information on stomate size and density and permitted rapid initial elemental analysis of the plant-leaf surface by X-ray emission spectroscopy. Our results indicate that simple tests for pollutant uptake, morphological and chemical features of plants, and plant detoxification enzyme activity might be used in multivariate fashion to identify plant species capable of removing volatile or semi-volatile pollutants from air.
C1 Univ Santiago Chile, Dept Quim Mat, Santiago, Chile.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Cornejo, JJ (reprint author), Univ Santiago Chile, Dept Quim Mat, Alameda 3363,Casilla 40,Correo 33, Santiago, Chile.
OI stewart, arthur/0000-0003-1968-5997
NR 31
TC 27
Z9 39
U1 3
U2 33
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
PI DORDRECHT
PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 8
IS 4
BP 311
EP 320
DI 10.1023/A:1008937417598
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 254DN
UT WOS:000083596800007
ER
PT J
AU Deng, HT
Van Berkel, GJ
AF Deng, HT
Van Berkel, GJ
TI A thin-layer electrochemical flow cell coupled on-line with
electrospray-mass spectrometry for the study of biological redox
reactions
SO ELECTROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE electrochemistry; mass spectrometry; electrospray; on-line; dopamine;
tandem mass spectrometry; oxidation products; nucleophilic addition
ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; GAS-PHASE; ONLINE; OXIDATION; CATECHOLAMINES;
INTERFACE; PRODUCTS; DOPAMINE; BRAIN; IONS
AB A three electrode thin-layer, flow-by electrode cell was coupled on-line with electrospray-mass spectrometry (i.e., EC/ES-MS) for the study of biological redox reactions. The cell made use of a commercially available 6.0 mm diameter, offset glassy carbon disk working electrode, a Ag/AgCl reference electrode, and a working/counter electrode spacing gasket (16 mu m), along with a home-built PEEK counter electrode block with a Pt foil (7.0mm wide) counter electrode (cell volume ca. 1.1 mu L). Off-line hydrodynamic voltammetry experiments and electrolytic conversion efficiency measurements using chronocoulometry were used to characterize the performance of the cell. On-line EC/ES-MS conversion efficiency was found consistent with the off-line results and the EC/ES-MS response time was measured as 5.1 s at a flow rate of 30 mu L/min and 2.4 s at 62 mu L/min. The use of this hybrid system for the study of the products of biologically relevant redox reactions was demonstrated using the oxidation of dopamine in aqueous CH3OH (pH 4.0) as a test case. Tandem mass spectrometry experiments provided evidence to conclude that the structure of the two major dopamine oxidation products observed in the ES mass spectra were 5,6-dihydroxyindoline and 5,6-hydroxyindole. Reaction of oxidized dopamine with the surrogate biogenic nucleophile benzene thiol resulted in the formation of mono-, di-, and tri-benzene thiol addition products. These spectra also indicated that the reaction of oxidized dopamine with benzene thiol was significantly faster than the intermolecular cyclization reaction of this intermediate, which normally produces 5,6-dihydroxyindoline.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Van Berkel, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 37
TC 89
Z9 89
U1 7
U2 30
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1040-0397
J9 ELECTROANAL
JI Electroanalysis
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 11
IS 12
BP 857
EP 865
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4109(199908)11:12<857::AID-ELAN857>3.0.CO;2-1
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry
GA 228TZ
UT WOS:000082152900004
ER
PT J
AU Mukundan, R
Brosha, EL
Brown, DR
Garzon, FH
AF Mukundan, R
Brosha, EL
Brown, DR
Garzon, FH
TI Ceria-electrolyte-based mixed potential sensors for the detection of
hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide
SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ZIRCONIA OXYGEN SENSOR; STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; OXIDE ELECTRODE
AB Mixed potential sensors based on zirconia electrolytes have been extensively investigated for the detection of CO and hydrocarbons in oxygen-containing streams. In this paper, the response of a Pt/Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9/Au sensor operating at 600 degrees C is reported for the first time and is compared to that of a Pt/stabilized zirconia (yttria-stabilized, YSZ)/Au sensor. The response of the ceria-electrolyte sensor was more stable and reproducible than that of the zirconia-electrolyte sensor. This difference in response has been attributed to an improvement in the oxygen reduction kinetics of the gold electrode on the ceria electrolyte. (C) 1999 The Electrochemical Society. S1099-0062(99)02-069-6. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Elect & Electrochem Mat & Devices Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Mukundan, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Elect & Electrochem Mat & Devices Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 13
TC 65
Z9 66
U1 4
U2 18
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 1099-0062
J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST
JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 2
IS 8
BP 412
EP 414
DI 10.1149/1.1390855
PG 3
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 203VG
UT WOS:000080728300019
ER
PT J
AU Blackshear, P
Brown, H
Diver, R
Epstein, M
Harvey, B
Hiroki, T
Kappauf, T
Karni, J
Macdonald, F
Murray, J
Noring, J
Palumbo, R
Scherrer, H
Scholl, K
Sparrow, E
Steinfeld, A
Tamaura, Y
Yogev, A
Lior, N
AF Blackshear, P
Brown, H
Diver, R
Epstein, M
Harvey, B
Hiroki, T
Kappauf, T
Karni, J
Macdonald, F
Murray, J
Noring, J
Palumbo, R
Scherrer, H
Scholl, K
Sparrow, E
Steinfeld, A
Tamaura, Y
Yogev, A
Lior, N
TI A tribute to Dr. Edward A. Fletcher
SO ENERGY
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
Power Engineers Inc, Hailey, ID 83333 USA.
Ford Motor Co, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA.
Owens Corning R&D, Toledo, OH 43659 USA.
Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN USA.
Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo, Japan.
Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Blackshear, P (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
OI Steinfeld, Aldo/0000-0001-7797-686X
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-5442
J9 ENERGY
JI Energy
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 24
IS 8
BP 655
EP 656
PG 2
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels
GA 231FJ
UT WOS:000082297200001
ER
PT J
AU Greening, LA
Ting, M
Davis, WB
AF Greening, LA
Ting, M
Davis, WB
TI Decomposition of aggregate carbon intensity for freight: trends from 10
OECD countries for the period 1971-1993
SO ENERGY ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE transportation; energy use; carbon dioxide emissions
ID UNITED-STATES; TRANSPORTATION; EMISSIONS; ENERGY
AB Historical patterns of aggregate carbon intensity from freight are different than those from other sectors. While aggregate carbon intensity declined for all other sectors, aggregate carbon intensity for freight increased. The Adaptive Weighted Divisia rolling base year index specification is applied to carbon emissions from the freight sector of 10 OECD countries for the period 1970-1993. Increases in aggregate carbon intensity for nine of the countries range from less than 20% to over 150% and may be primarily attributed to shifts in modal structure toward more carbon-intensive modes. These increases in aggregate carbon intensity are driven primarily by an increase in activity, which parallels the growth in GDP. Furthermore, changes in fuel price and vehicle purchase taxes do not appear to be effective instruments for reducing energy consumption for this end use. Alternative policy options, including less-carbon intensive fuels and technologies, and reduced congestion, appear to be better choices. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. JEL classification: Q41.
C1 Int Resources Grp, Washington, DC USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Energy & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Econ, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Greening, LA (reprint author), Int Resources Grp, Washington, DC USA.
NR 28
TC 40
Z9 48
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0140-9883
J9 ENERG ECON
JI Energy Econ.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 21
IS 4
BP 331
EP 361
DI 10.1016/S0140-9883(99)00010-9
PG 31
WC Economics
SC Business & Economics
GA 213PW
UT WOS:000081283300004
ER
PT J
AU Gold, LS
Manley, NB
Slone, TH
Rohrbach, L
AF Gold, LS
Manley, NB
Slone, TH
Rohrbach, L
TI Supplement to the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB): Results of
animal bioassays published in the general literature in 1993 to 1994 and
by the National Toxicology Program in 1995 to 1996
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Review
DE animal cancer test; carcinogenic potency; database; human carcinogen;
monkey neoplasm; TD50
ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; BUTYL ETHER MTBE; MALE F344 RATS;
HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; B6C3F1 MICE; CHRONIC TOXICITY; PEROXISOME
PROLIFERATOR; CELL-PROLIFERATION; FISCHER-344 RATS; INDUCED
HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS
AB The Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB) is a systematic and unifying analysis of results of chronic, long-term cancer tests. This paper presents a supplemental plot of the CPDB, including 513 experiments on 157 test compounds published in the general literature in 1993 and 1994 and in Technical Reports of the National Toxicology Program in 1995 and 1996. The plot standardizes the experimental results (whether positive or negative for carcinogenicity), including qualitative data on strain, sex, route of compound administration, target organ, histopathology, and author's opinion and reference to the published paper, as well as quantitative data on carcinogenic potency, statistical significance, tumor incidence, dose-response curve shape, length of experiment, duration of dosing, and dose rate. A numerical description of carcinogenic potency, the TD50 is estimated for each set of tumor incidence data reported. When added to the data published earlier, the CPDB now includes results of 5,620 experiments on 1,372 chemicals that have been reported in 1,250 published papers and 414 National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program Technical Reports. The plot presented here includes detailed analyses of 25 chemicals tested in monkeys for up to 32 years by the National Cancer Institute. Half the rodent carcinogens that were tested in monkeys were not carcinogenic, despite usually strong evidence of carcinogenicity in rodents and/or humans. Our analysis of possible explanatory factors indicates that this result is due in pari to the fact that the monkey studies lacked power to detect an effect compared to standard rodent bioassays. Factors that contributed to the lack of power are the small number of animals on test; a stop-exposure protocol for model rodent carcinogens; in a few cases, toxic doses that resulted in stoppage of dosing or termination of the experiment; and in a few cases, low doses administered to monkeys or early termination of the experiment even though the doses were not toxic. Among chemicals carcinogenic in both monkeys and rodents, there is some support for target site concordance, but it is primarily restricted to liver tumors. Potency values are highly correlated between rodents and monkeys. The plot in this paper can be used in conjunction with the earlier results published in the CRC Handbook of Carcinogenic Potency and Genotoxicity Databases [Gold LS, Zeiger E, eds. Boca Raton FL:CRC Press, 1997] and with our web site (http;//potency.Berkeley edu), which includes a guide to the plot of the database, a complete description of the numerical index of carcinogenic potency (TD50), and a discussion of the sources of data, the rationale for the inclusion of particular experiments and particular target sites, and the conventions adopted in summarizing the literature Two summary tables permit easy access to the literature of animal cancer tests by target organ and by chemical. For readers using the CPDB extensively, a combined plot on diskette or other format is available from the first author. It includes all results published earlier and in this paper, ordered alphabetically by chemical. A SAS database is also available.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, NIEHS Ctr, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Gold, LS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, NIEHS Ctr, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, 401 Barker Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ESO1896]
NR 181
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 3
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 107
SU 4
BP 527
EP +
PG 73
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 227RU
UT WOS:000082094400001
PM 10421768
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, KP
Stout, J
Brisbin, IL
Zink, RM
Burger, J
AF Johnson, KP
Stout, J
Brisbin, IL
Zink, RM
Burger, J
TI Lack of demonstratable effects of pollutants on cyt b sequences in wood
ducks from a contaminated nuclear reactor cooling pond
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID EVOLUTION; EGGS; CHERNOBYL; MUTATIONS; PATTERNS; DYNAMICS
AB The effects of low levels of radiation on DNA mutation rates are largely unknown for free-living vertebrates. In this study we investigated the effects of contamination from cooling ponds at a nuclear production facility in South Carolina on the mutation rates in mitochondrial DNA in wood ducks (Aix sponsa), Specifically, we sequenced a 433-bp portion of the cytochrome b gene from 18 female-offspring pairs of wood ducks from contaminated ponds and 2 female-offspring pairs from control ponds,Very low haplotype diversity was observed overall, and no case of mutation between female and offspring could be satisfactorily documented. This suggests that the levels of radioactive contamination in these cooling ponds have little effect on the mutation rate of mitochondrial DNA in these waterfowl and that mitochondrial DNA may not be as sensitive an indicator as previously anticipated. (C) 1999 Academic Press.
C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Bell Museum Nat Hist, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Nelson Biol Labs, Piscataway, NJ USA.
Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ USA.
Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC USA.
RP Johnson, KP (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ESO 5022]
NR 24
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0013-9351
J9 ENVIRON RES
JI Environ. Res.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 81
IS 2
BP 146
EP 150
DI 10.1006/enrs.1999.3969
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 221QQ
UT WOS:000081738100008
PM 10433846
ER
PT J
AU Moran, JE
Oktay, S
Santschi, PH
Schink, DR
AF Moran, JE
Oktay, S
Santschi, PH
Schink, DR
TI Atmospheric dispersal of (129)iodine from nuclear fuel reprocessing
facilities
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID I-129 CONCENTRATIONS; HANFORD SITE; ENVIRONMENT; IODINE; PLANT; SAMPLES;
CL-36
AB (191)\/(171)\ ratios measured in meteoric water and epiphytes from the continental United States are higher than those measured in coastal seawater or surface freshwater and suggest long-range atmospheric transport of (129)\ from the main source for the earth's surface inventory, viz., nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities. The median ratio for 14 meteoric water samples is 2100 x 10(-12), corresponding to a (129)\ concentration of 2.5 x 10(7) atoms/L, whereas 9 epiphyte samples have a median ratio of 1800 x 10(-12) Calculated deposition rates of (129)\ in the continental United States reveal that a small but significant fraction of the atmospheric releases from the nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities at Sellafield, England, and Cap de La Hague, France, is deposited after distribution by long-range transport. The inferred dominant mode of transport is easterly, within the troposphere, mainly in the form of the organic gas methyl iodide.
C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
RP Moran, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-231, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RI Santschi, Peter/D-5712-2012
NR 42
TC 114
Z9 115
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 33
IS 15
BP 2536
EP 2542
DI 10.1021/es9900050
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 222XT
UT WOS:000081811200026
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, SK
Houk, LL
Feng, JR
Houk, RS
Johnson, DC
AF Johnson, SK
Houk, LL
Feng, JR
Houk, RS
Johnson, DC
TI Electrochemical incineration of 4-chlorophenol and the identification of
products and intermediates by mass spectrometry
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; SNO2 ANODES; OXIDATION;
DEGRADATION; BENZOQUINONE; PHENOL; OXYGEN
AB This report summarizes results obtained as part of a larger effort to demonstrate the applicability of electrolytic procedures for the direct anodic (oxidative) degradation of toxic organic wastes. We refer to this process as "electrochemical incineration" (ECI) because the ultimate degradation products, e.g., carbon dioxide, are equivalent to those achieved by thermal incineration processes. In this work, the ECI of 4-chlorophenol is achieved in an aqueous medium using a platinum anode coated with a quaternary metal oxide film containing Ti, Ru, Sn, and Sb oxides. The electrode is stable and active when used with a solid Nafion membrane without the addition of soluble supporting electrolyte. Liquid chromatography (LC), including reverse phase and ion exchange chromatography, is coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (ES-MS) and used, along with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) and measurements of pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC), to study the reaction and identify the intermediate products from the ECI of Q-chlorophenol. Twenty-six intermediate products are identified and reported. The most abundant of these products are benzoquinone, 4-chlorocatechol, maleic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, and the inorganic anions chloride, chlorate, and perchlorate. After 24 h of ECI, a solution that initially contained 108 ppm 4-chlorophenol yields only 1 ppm TOC with 98% of the original chlorine remaining in the specified inorganic forms. LC-ES-MS and direct infusion ES-MS detection limits are between 80 ppb and 4 ppm for these intermediate products. Elemental analysis of the electrolyzed solutions by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ICP-MS showed that only trace amounts (<25 ppb) of the metallic elements comprising the metal oxide film were present in the solution.
C1 Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Microanalyt Instrumentat Ctr, Dept Chem,Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Johnson, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Microanalyt Instrumentat Ctr, Dept Chem,Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 28
TC 115
Z9 126
U1 1
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 33
IS 15
BP 2638
EP 2644
DI 10.1021/es981045r
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 222XT
UT WOS:000081811200041
ER
PT J
AU Conry, MJ
MacNaeidhe, F
AF Conry, MJ
MacNaeidhe, F
TI Comparative nutrient status of a peaty gleyed podzol and its plaggen
counterpart on the Dingle peninsula in the south-west of Ireland
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
LA English
DT Article
DE major elements; nutrient status; plaggen soil; trace elements
AB A comparison of the nutrient status, in terms of both major nutrients and trace elements, of a sanded plaggen soil (Mollic Eutroplaggent) on the Dingle peninsula and its adjacent identical non-sanded peaty podzolised grey (Entic Haplaquod) was carried out. The results showed that the concentration of the major elements, phosphorus and potassium, and the secondary elements, calcium, magnesium and sodium, were substantially higher in the plaggen soil than its non-sanded counterpart. The concentrations of copper, zinc, boron and cobalt were also substantially greater in the plaggen soil, but the higher concentrations of copper, zinc and boron were attributed to agricultural practices rather than the sanding process. Manganese deficiency occurs regularly in manganese-sensitive crops grown on these alkaline plaggen soils. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland.
TEAGASC, Johnstown Castle Res Ctr, Wexford, Ireland.
RP Conry, MJ (reprint author), TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Oak Pk, Carlow, Ireland.
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1161-0301
J9 EUR J AGRON
JI Eur. J. Agron.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 11
IS 2
BP 85
EP 90
DI 10.1016/S1161-0301(99)00021-0
PG 6
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 243FN
UT WOS:000082986500001
ER
PT J
AU Wheldon, C
Walker, PM
D'Alarcao, R
Chowdhury, P
Pearson, CJ
Seabury, EH
Ahmad, I
Carpenter, MP
Cullen, DM
Hackman, G
Janssens, RVF
Khoo, TL
Nisius, D
Reiter, P
AF Wheldon, C
Walker, PM
D'Alarcao, R
Chowdhury, P
Pearson, CJ
Seabury, EH
Ahmad, I
Carpenter, MP
Cullen, DM
Hackman, G
Janssens, RVF
Khoo, TL
Nisius, D
Reiter, P
TI Identification of a high-K isomer in neutron-rich Ta-185
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
LA English
DT Article
AB A t(1/2)>1 ms, high-K isomeric state feeding a strongly coupled rotational band has been identified following the deep inelastic reaction U-283(92) + W-186(74) at 1600 MeV. Examination of gamma-ray and X-ray data combined with a g-factor analysis derived from in-band branching ratios suggests the assignment of the new states to the neutron-rich nucleus Ta-185(73).
C1 Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England.
Univ Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England.
RP Wheldon, C (reprint author), Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England.
RI Wheldon, Carl/F-9203-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015
OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734
NR 8
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 1434-6001
J9 EUR PHYS J A
JI Eur. Phys. J. A
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 5
IS 4
BP 353
EP 355
DI 10.1007/s100500050296
PG 3
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 233PA
UT WOS:000082434200004
ER
PT J
AU Kruken, R
Wang, Z
Asztalos, SJ
Becker, JA
Bernstein, LA
Clark, RM
Deleplanque, MA
Diamond, RM
Fallon, P
Fotiades, N
Hauschild, K
Lee, IY
Macchiavelli, AO
Schmid, GJ
Stephens, FS
Vetter, K
AF Kruken, R
Wang, Z
Asztalos, SJ
Becker, JA
Bernstein, LA
Clark, RM
Deleplanque, MA
Diamond, RM
Fallon, P
Fotiades, N
Hauschild, K
Lee, IY
Macchiavelli, AO
Schmid, GJ
Stephens, FS
Vetter, K
TI Quadrupole moments of superdeformed bands in Tl-193
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
LA English
DT Article
ID NORMAL DEFORMED STATES; LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS; EXCITATION-ENERGIES;
HG-194; YRAST; PB-194; PARITY; DECAY; SPINS
AB Lifetimes of states in the two strongest superdeformed (SD) bands in Tl-193 were measured using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The reaction Yb-176(Na-23,6n)Tl-193 at a beam energy of 129 MeV was used and gamma-rays were detected by the Gammasphere array. Quadrupole moments of 18.3(10) eb and 17.4(10) eb were extracted for SD bands 1 and 2, respectively, using the fractional Doppler-shifts of the SD transitions. The previously reported linking transitions of these SD bands to normal deformed near yrast levels could not be confirmed. No other candidates for linking transitions could be established.
C1 Yale Univ, AW Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
RP Kruken, R (reprint author), Yale Univ, AW Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
RI Hauschild, Karl/A-6726-2009; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013
OI Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 1434-6001
J9 EUR PHYS J A
JI Eur. Phys. J. A
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 5
IS 4
BP 367
EP 370
DI 10.1007/s100500050298
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 233PA
UT WOS:000082434200006
ER
PT J
AU Kastner, J
Petry, W
Shapiro, SM
Zheludev, A
Neuhaus, J
Roessel, T
Wassermann, EF
Bach, H
AF Kastner, J
Petry, W
Shapiro, SM
Zheludev, A
Neuhaus, J
Roessel, T
Wassermann, EF
Bach, H
TI Influence of atomic order on TA(1)[110] phonon softening and displacive
phase transition in Fe72Pt28 Invar alloys
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B
LA English
DT Article
ID FE-PT ALLOYS; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; PRECURSOR
PHENOMENA; PD ALLOY; TRANSFORMATION; FE3PT; NI
AB The acoustic phonon dispersions of two Invar crystals Fe72Pt28, one ordered with the L1(2) (Cu3Au) structure, the other disordered fee, have been investigated between 3.4 K and 470 K by inelastic and elastic neutron scattering. For the ordered crystal, pronounced softening of the whole TA(1)[xi xi 0] phonon branch is observed on cooling below the Curie temperature. Particularly strong phonon softening at the M-point zone boundary of the L1(2) structure leads to a displacive, antiferrodistortive phase transi tion at low temperatures. For the disordered crystal, much weaker softening of the TA(1)[xi xi 0] phonons is observed and restricted to the region near title Brillouin zone center, where increasing elastic scattering with decreasing temperature indicates the growth of local tetragonal strain. This strain is considered as a typical precursor of the transformation to bet martensite. Specific heat measurements, performed at low temperatures on both crystals confirm the neutron scattering results and reveal considerable enhancement of the low energy phonon density of states in the ordered crystal.
C1 Univ Duisburg Gesamthsch, Lab Tieftemp Phys, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany.
Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E13, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 4, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
RP Kastner, J (reprint author), Univ Duisburg Gesamthsch, Lab Tieftemp Phys, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany.
RI Petry, Winfried/K-4998-2016
OI Petry, Winfried/0000-0001-5208-7070
NR 35
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 1434-6028
J9 EUR PHYS J B
JI Eur. Phys. J. B
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 10
IS 4
BP 641
EP 648
DI 10.1007/s100510050896
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 236BX
UT WOS:000082579300006
ER
PT J
AU Detlefs, C
Abernathy, DL
Grubel, G
Canfield, PC
AF Detlefs, C
Abernathy, DL
Grubel, G
Canfield, PC
TI The magnetic structure of orthorhombic ErNi2B2C
SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; METAMAGNETIC TRANSITIONS; SUPERCONDUCTING LUNI2B2C;
ANGULAR-DEPENDENCE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BORIDE CARBIDE; HONI2B2C; STATE;
ORDER; POLARIZATION
AB In a recent X-ray scattering experiment it was demonstrated that the magnetic ordering transition of ErNi2B2C at 6.0 K is accompanied by a structural distortion, which lowers the crystal symmetry from tetragonal to orthorhombic. In previous neutron magnetic scattering experiments, this lowering of the crystal lattice symmetry was not resolved. Since the magnetic modulations along the a and b crystallographic directions are equivalent in tetragonal, but not in orthorhombic systems, the magnetic structure determinations based on neutron data remained incomplete. We have performed a high-resolution non-resonant magnetic X-ray scattering experiment on a single crystal of ErNi2B2C to determine the magnetic structure. The magnetic modulation wave vector is (0.5537, 0, 0) and lies along the long side of the orthorhombic basal plane.
C1 European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Detlefs, C (reprint author), European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Boite Postale 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
RI Detlefs, Carsten/B-6244-2008; Abernathy, Douglas/A-3038-2012; Canfield,
Paul/H-2698-2014
OI Detlefs, Carsten/0000-0003-2573-2286; Abernathy,
Douglas/0000-0002-3533-003X;
NR 33
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 1
PU E D P SCIENCES
PI LES ULIS CEDEXA
PA 7, AVE DU HOGGAR, PARC D ACTIVITES COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS
CEDEXA, FRANCE
SN 0295-5075
J9 EUROPHYS LETT
JI Europhys. Lett.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 47
IS 3
BP 352
EP 357
DI 10.1209/epl/i1999-00396-3
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 225FW
UT WOS:000081948600012
ER
PT J
AU Rasmussen, KO
Cai, D
Bishop, AR
Gronbech-Jensen, N
AF Rasmussen, KO
Cai, D
Bishop, AR
Gronbech-Jensen, N
TI Localization in a nonlinear disordered system
SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WEAKLY COUPLED OSCILLATORS; SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; HAMILTONIAN NETWORKS;
DISCRETE LATTICES; BREATHERS; STABILITY; EXISTENCE; EXCITATIONS;
PROPAGATION; MEDIA
AB The interplay between nonlinearity and disorder is studied in a discrete one-dimensional Schrodinger system. Using a two-point correlation function we demonstrate that the preferred state of the system comprises narrow intrinsic localized states corresponding to the intrinsic localized states of the ordered system. The essence of the interplay between disorder and nonlinearity is found to reside in the nucleation process of the localized states. We emphasize the role of different classes (focusing and defocusing) of nonlinearity in enhancing or suppressing localization induced by disorder.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY 10012 USA.
RP Rasmussen, KO (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Rasmussen, Kim/B-5464-2009
OI Rasmussen, Kim/0000-0002-4029-4723
NR 27
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU E D P SCIENCES
PI LES ULIS CEDEXA
PA 7, AVE DU HOGGAR, PARC D ACTIVITES COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS
CEDEXA, FRANCE
SN 0295-5075
J9 EUROPHYS LETT
JI Europhys. Lett.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 47
IS 4
BP 421
EP 427
DI 10.1209/epl/i1999-00405-1
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 229WX
UT WOS:000082219700003
ER
PT J
AU Kim, SS
Choi, IG
Kim, SH
Yu, YG
AF Kim, SS
Choi, IG
Kim, SH
Yu, YG
TI Molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of a thermostable
glutamate racemase from a hyperthermophilic bacterium, Aquifex
pyrophilus
SO EXTREMOPHILES
LA English
DT Article
DE Aquifex pyrophilus; molecular cloning; glutamate racemase;
overexpression; thermostability
ID COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; ASPARTATE RACEMASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GENE; LACTOBACILLUS; DEHYDROGENASE; PURIFICATION;
RESOLUTION; ARCHAEON
AB A gene encoding glutamate racemase has been cloned from Aquifex: pyrophilus, a hyperthermophilic bacterium, and expressed in Escherichia coli. The A. pyrophilus glutamate racemase is composed of 254 amino acids and shows high homology with glutamate racemase from Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, or Lactobacillus brevis, This racemase converts L- or D-glutamate to D- or L-glutamate, respectively, but not other amino acids such as alanine, aspartate, and glutamine. The cloned gene was expressed and the protein was purified to homogeneity. The A. pyrophilus racemase is present as a dimer but it oligomerizes as the concentration of salt is increased. The K-m and k(cat) values of the overexpressed A. pyrophilus glutamate racemase for the racemization of L-glutamate to the D-form and the conversion of D-glutamate to the L-form were measured as 1.8 +/- 0.4 mM and 0.79 +/- 0.06 s(-1) or 0.50 +/- 0.07 mM and 0.25 +/- 0.01 s(-1), respectively. Complete inactivation of the racemase activity by treatment with cysteine-modifying reagents suggests that cysteine residues may be important for activity. The protein shows strong thermostability in the presence of phosphate ion, and it retains more than 50% of its activity after incubation at 85 degrees C for 90 min.
C1 Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Struct Biol Ctr, Seoul, South Korea.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Yu, YG (reprint author), Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Struct Biol Ctr, POB 131, Seoul, South Korea.
RI Choi, In-Geol/F-3152-2013
NR 28
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 1431-0651
J9 EXTREMOPHILES
JI Extremophiles
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 3
IS 3
BP 175
EP 183
DI 10.1007/s007920050114
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA 227YF
UT WOS:000082107000002
PM 10484173
ER
PT J
AU Schoof, RA
Yost, LJ
Eickhoff, J
Crecelius, EA
Cragin, DW
Meacher, DM
Menzel, DB
AF Schoof, RA
Yost, LJ
Eickhoff, J
Crecelius, EA
Cragin, DW
Meacher, DM
Menzel, DB
TI A market basket survey of inorganic arsenic in food
SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE inorganic arsenic; dietary exposures; arsenic in food
ID JAPANESE ADULTS; TOTAL DIET; ELEMENTS; EXPOSURE
AB Dietary arsenic intake estimates based on surveys of total arsenic concentrations appear to be dominated by intake of the relatively non-toxic, organic arsenic forms found in seafood. Concentrations of inorganic arsenic in food have not been not well characterized. Accurate dietary intake estimates for inorganic arsenic are needed to support studies of arsenic's status as an essential nutrient, and to establish background levels of exposure to inorganic arsenic. In the market basket survey reported here, 40 commodities anticipated to provide at least 90% of dietary inorganic arsenic intake were identified. Four samples of each commodity were collected. Total arsenic was analysed using an NaOH digestion and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Separate aliquots were analysed for arsenic species using an HCl digestion and hydride atomic absorption spectroscopy. Consistent with earlier studies, total arsenic concentrations (all concentrations reported as elemental arsenic per tissue wet weight) were highest in the seafoods sampled (ranging from 160 ng/g in freshwater fish to 2360 ng/g in saltwater fish). In contrast, average inorganic arsenic in seafood ranged from less than 1 ng/g to 2 ng/g. The highest inorganic arsenic values were found in raw rice (74 ng/g), followed by flour (11 ng/g), grape juice (9 ng/g) and cooked spinach (6 ng/g). Thus, grains and produce are expected to be significant contributors to dietary inorganic arsenic intake. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Exponent, Bellevue, WA USA.
ENVIRON, Arlington, VA USA.
Battelle Marine Sci, Sequim, WA USA.
Elf Atochem N Amer Inc, Philadelphia, PA USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA.
RP Schoof, RA (reprint author), Exponent, Bellevue, WA USA.
NR 24
TC 294
Z9 315
U1 8
U2 58
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-6915
J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL
JI Food Chem. Toxicol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 37
IS 8
BP 839
EP 846
DI 10.1016/S0278-6915(99)00073-3
PG 8
WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
GA 239JW
UT WOS:000082765800004
PM 10506007
ER
PT J
AU Shaing, KC
Aydemir, AY
Cheng, ET
Peng, M
AF Shaing, KC
Aydemir, AY
Cheng, ET
Peng, M
TI Self-sustained steady state tokamak plasmas
SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Spherical Torus (ST) Volumetric Neutron Source
(VNS) and Applications, in Conjunction with the 1997 US/Russian
Federation Exchange IL 3D on the Volumetric Neutron Source Design Study
and Review
CY OCT 13-15, 1997
CL DEL MAR, CALIFORNIA
DE tokamak; steady-state plasma; plasma pressure
ID BOOTSTRAP-CURRENT; EQUILIBRIA
AB Self-sustained steady-state tokamak equilibria for National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) and Spherical Torus-Volume Neutron Source (ST-VNS) are presented. It is demonstrated that the amount of the pressure gradient driven current which includes the bootstrap current and the diamagnetic current is comparable to the designed current specification in these devices. A possible startup sequence by increasing plasma pressure is also illustrated. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Texas, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
TSI Res Inc, Solana Beach, CA 92075 USA.
Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Shaing, KC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0920-3796
J9 FUSION ENG DES
JI Fusion Eng. Des.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 45
IS 3
BP 259
EP 264
DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(99)00009-5
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235VR
UT WOS:000082563700002
ER
PT J
AU Sviatoslavsky, IN
Cheng, ET
Cerbone, RJ
Peng, YKM
Galambos, JD
Strickler, DJ
Wang, XR
AF Sviatoslavsky, IN
Cheng, ET
Cerbone, RJ
Peng, YKM
Galambos, JD
Strickler, DJ
Wang, XR
TI Mechanical design considerations of the centerpost for a spherical torus
volumetric neutron source
SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Spherical Torus (ST) Volumetric Neutron Source
(VNS) and Applications, in Conjunction with the 1997 US/Russian
Federation Exchange IL 3D on the Volumetric Neutron Source Design Study
and Review
CY OCT 13-15, 1997
CL DEL MAR, CALIFORNIA
DE center post; neutral beams; spherical torus; volumetric neutron source
AB The mechanical and thermal design issues of the centerpost (CP) for a spherical torus based volumetric neutron source (ST-VNS) is described. It is intended to provide a test bed for developing nuclear technologies as well as for qualifying blanket designs for use in fusion devices. As scoped out, the VNS is capable of staged operation from a neutron wall loading of 0.5-5.0 MW/m(2) as the physics and engineering design assumptions are raised from modest to aggressive levels. Design margins are ensured since operation will be adequate at a wall loading of 2 MW/m(2). The device has a major radius of 1.07 m, a minor radius of 0.77 m for an aspect ratio of 1.4, an elongation of 3, triangularity of 0.6 and has a naturally diverted plasma. It can be driven with neutral beams (NB) or ICRF. In the NE driven case, the plasma current is 11.1 MA, and in the ICRF case it is 13.2 MA. The magnetic field at the plasma major radius is 2.13 T and 2.55 T for the NE and the ICRF cases, respectively. This ST-VNS utilizes a single turn unshielded normal conducting CP fabricated from dispersion strengthened Cu, is 15.5 m long, has a diameter of 0.55 m at the midplane, a diameter of 1.2 m at the extremities and, in the ICRF driven case, carries a current of 13.6 MA. For the same case, the ohmic heating at the start of operation is 153 MW, increasing to 178 MW after 3 full power years. Thermal hydraulics, stress analysis and effects of transmutation on the CP have been determined, and a procedure for replacing the CP with minimal down time is described. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
TSI Res Inc, Solana Beach, CA 92075 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Sviatoslavsky, IN (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1500 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
NR 5
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0920-3796
J9 FUSION ENG DES
JI Fusion Eng. Des.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 45
IS 3
BP 281
EP 293
DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(99)00011-3
PG 13
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235VR
UT WOS:000082563700004
ER
PT J
AU Galambos, JD
Strickler, DJ
Peng, YKM
AF Galambos, JD
Strickler, DJ
Peng, YKM
TI Systems cost and performance analysis for a spherical torus-based volume
neutron source
SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Spherical Torus (ST) Volumetric Neutron Source
(VNS) and Applications, in Conjunction with the 1997 US/Russian
Federation Exchange IL 3D on the Volumetric Neutron Source Design Study
and Review
CY OCT 13-15, 1997
CL DEL MAR, CALIFORNIA
DE neutron source; spherical torus; systems analysis
ID TOKAMAK
AB A cost and performance analysis of a spherical torus-based volume neutron source (ST-VNS) is performed using the SUPERCODE systems code. An ST-VNS, proposed as a reduced-cost option for testing the nuclear technologies necessary for tokamak power reactors, will cost about 25% of the construction cost of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor Engineering Design Activities (ITER-EDA) when it is operating in an initial test phase with 0.5 MW m(-2) wall load. Advanced operation at 5 MW m(-2) wall load is possible with surface elongation kappa = 3, safety factor q(95) = 10, confinement enhancement factor H = 2.3, and Troyon beta limit beta(N) = 5%, at a direct cost of about 30% that of the ITER-EDA. There is a narrow region beta(N) and H space which is useful for attaining high neutron wall loads. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
RP Galambos, JD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6218, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0920-3796
J9 FUSION ENG DES
JI Fusion Eng. Des.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 45
IS 3
BP 333
EP 341
DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(99)00015-0
PG 9
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235VR
UT WOS:000082563700008
ER
PT J
AU Alagramam, KN
Kwon, HY
Cacheiro, NLA
Stubbs, L
Wright, CG
Erway, LC
Woychik, RP
AF Alagramam, KN
Kwon, HY
Cacheiro, NLA
Stubbs, L
Wright, CG
Erway, LC
Woychik, RP
TI A new mouse insertional mutation that causes sensorineural deafness and
vestibular defects
SO GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MYOSIN-VIIA GENE; UNCONVENTIONAL MYOSIN; RECESSIVE DEAFNESS;
HEARING-LOSS; MICE; MUTAGENESIS
AB This article describes a new recessive insertional mutation in the transgenic line TgN2742Rpw that causes deafness and circling behavior in mice. Histologic analysis revealed virtually complete loss of the cochlear neuroepithelium (the organ of Corti) in adult mutant mice. In association with the neuroepithelial changes, there is a dramatic reduction of the cochlear nerve supply. Adult mutants also show morphological defects of the vestibular apparatus, including degeneration of the saccular neuroepithelium and occasional malformation of utricular otoconia. Audiometric evaluations demonstrated that the mice displaying the circling phenotype are completely deaf. Molecular analysis of this mutant line revealed that the transgenic insertion occurred without creating a large deletion of the host DNA sequences. The mutant locus was mapped to a region on mouse chromosome 10, where other spontaneous, recessive mutations causing deafness in mice have been mapped.
C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Dallas, TX 75235 USA.
Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
RP Woychik, RP (reprint author), Parke Davis Lab Mol Genet, 1501 Harbor Bay Pkwy, Alameda, CA 94502 USA.
OI Stubbs, Lisa/0000-0002-9556-1972
FU NIDCD NIH HHS [1RO1-DC03420]
NR 36
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 2
PU GENETICS
PI BALTIMORE
PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202 USA
SN 0016-6731
J9 GENETICS
JI Genetics
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 152
IS 4
BP 1691
EP 1699
PG 9
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 224GL
UT WOS:000081889600040
PM 10430593
ER
PT J
AU Cao, YC
Kang, HL
Xu, XQ
Wang, M
Dho, SH
Huh, JR
Lee, BJ
Kalush, F
Bocskai, D
Ding, Y
Tesmer, JG
Lee, J
Moon, E
Jurecic, V
Baldini, A
Weier, HU
Doggett, NA
Simon, MI
Adams, MD
Kim, UJ
AF Cao, YC
Kang, HL
Xu, XQ
Wang, M
Dho, SH
Huh, JR
Lee, BJ
Kalush, F
Bocskai, D
Ding, Y
Tesmer, JG
Lee, J
Moon, E
Jurecic, V
Baldini, A
Weier, HU
Doggett, NA
Simon, MI
Adams, MD
Kim, UJ
TI A 12-Mb complete coverage BAC contig map in human chromosome
16p13.1-p11.2
SO GENOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID FACTOR-BASED VECTOR; PHYSICAL MAP; HUMAN DNA; GENOME; CONSTRUCTION;
STRATEGY; LIBRARY; YEAST
AB We have constructed a complete coverage BAC contig map that spans a 12-Mb genomic segment in the human chromosome 16p13.1-p11.2 region. The map consists of 68 previously mapped STSs and 289 BAC clones, 51 of which-corresponding to a total of 7.721 Mb of genomic DNA-have been sequenced, and provides a high resolution physical map of the region. Contigs were initially built based mainly on the analysis of STS contents and restriction fingerprint patterns of the clones. To dose the gaps, probes derived from BAC clone ends were used to screen deeper BAC libraries. Clone end sequence data obtained from chromosome 16-specific BACs, as well as from public databases, were used for the identification of BACs that overlap with fully sequenced BACs by means of sequence match. This approach allowed precise alignment of clone overlaps in addition to restriction fingerprint comparison. A freehand contig drawing software tool was developed and used to manage the map data graphically and generate a real scale physical map. The map we present here is similar to 3.5 x deep and provides a minimal tiling path that covers the region in an array of contigous, overlapping BACs.
C1 CALTECH, Div Biol, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Seoul Natl Univ, Inst Mol Biol & Genet, Seoul, South Korea.
Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Ajou Univ, Dept Sci Biol, Suwon 441749, South Korea.
Baylor Coll Med, Inst Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Life Sci, OE Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kim, UJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Biol, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RI genes, anthony/F-2541-2012
FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG01464-01]
NR 22
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 1
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS
PI PLAINVIEW
PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 USA
SN 1088-9051
J9 GENOME RES
JI Genome Res.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 9
IS 8
BP 763
EP 774
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
GA 227DL
UT WOS:000082063000010
PM 10447511
ER
PT J
AU Nagy, KL
Cygan, RT
Hanchar, JM
Sturchio, NC
AF Nagy, KL
Cygan, RT
Hanchar, JM
Sturchio, NC
TI Gibbsite growth kinetics on gibbsite, kaolinite, and muscovite
substrates: Atomic force microscopy evidence for epitaxy and an
assessment of reactive surface area
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLUTION SATURATION STATE; PRECIPITATION KINETICS; DIAGENETIC
MODIFICATION; DISSOLUTION KINETICS; WEATHERING REACTIONS; ALUMINUM
SPECIATION; CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; CALCITE GROWTH; ABERT
LAKE
AB New experimental data for gibbsite growth on powdered kaolinite and single crystal muscovite and published data for gibbsite growth on gibbsite powders at 80 degrees C in pH3 solutions show that all growth rates obey the same linear function of saturation slate provided that reactive surface area is evaluated for each mineral substrate. Growth rate (mol m(-2) s(-1)) is expressed by Rate(ppt) = (1.9 +/- 0.2) X 10(-10)\Delta G(r)\/ RT(0.90+/-0.01), which applies to the range of saturation states from Delta G(r) = 0 to 8.8 kJ mol(-1), where Delta G(r) = RT[ln(Q/K)] for the reaction Al3+ + 3H(2)O = Al(OH)(3) + 3H(+), and equilibrium defined as Delta G(r) = 0 was previously determined. Identification of the growth phase as gibbsite was confirmed by rotating anode powder x-ray diffraction. Rates an kaolinite were determined using steady-state measured changes between inlet and outlet solutions in single-pass stirred-flow experiments. Rates on muscovite were determined by measuring the volume of precipitated crystals in images obtained by Tapping Mode(TM) atomic force microscopy (TMAFM). In deriving the single growth rate law, reactive surface area was evaluated for each substrate mineral. Total BET surface area was used for normalizing rates of gibbsite growth onto powdered gibbsite. Eight percent of the BET surface area, representing the approximate amount occupied by the aluminum octahedral sheet exposed at crystal edges, was used for powdered kaolinite. The x - y area of the TMAFM images of the basal surface was used for single crystal muscovite. Linearity of growth rates with saturation state suggests that the dominant nucleation and growth mechanisms are two dimensional. Such mechanisms are supported by observations of the morphologies of gibbsite crystals grown on muscovite at Delta G(r) = 8.8 kJ mol(-1). The morphologies include (1) apparent epitaxial films as determined by hexagonal outlines of edges and thicknesses of 30 to 40 Angstrom, (2) elongate crystals 30 to 40 Angstrom thick aligned with the structure of the distorted Si-tetrahedral sheet of the 2M, muscovite, and (3) micrometer-scale three-dimensional clumps of intergrown crystals. Reactive surface area as defined now for heterogeneous crystal growth in reactive-transport models must be modified to include substrates other than that of the growing mineral and to account for the role of structural and chemical controls on epitaxial nucleation and growth. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Nagy, KL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM kathryn.nagy@colorado.edu
NR 71
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
EI 1872-9533
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 63
IS 16
BP 2337
EP 2351
DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00118-0
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 239KR
UT WOS:000082767700002
ER
PT J
AU Blencoe, JG
Seitz, JC
Anovitz, LM
AF Blencoe, JG
Seitz, JC
Anovitz, LM
TI The CO2-H2O system. II. Calculated thermodynamic mixing properties for
400 degrees C, 0-400 MPa
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID REDLICH-KWONG EQUATION; H2O-CO2 MIXTURES; CARBON-DIOXIDE; HIGH-PRESSURE;
FUNDAMENTAL EQUATION; CH4-CO2-H2O SYSTEM; RATIONAL FUNCTIONS;
HIGH-TEMPERATURES; FLUID MIXTURES; 500 BARS
AB An excess molar volume (V-ex)-explicit virial equation, and two empirical V-ex expressions developed from experimentally determined densities, were used to calculate excess Gibbs free energies (G(ex)) and activity-composition (a-X) relations for CO2-H2O fluids at 400 degrees C, 0-400 MPa. Excess Gibbs free energies are continuously positive and asymmetric toward H2O at all pressures up to 400 MPa, rising to peak values of approximately 1300, 1800, 2000 and 2100 J mol(-1) at 50, 100, 200 and 400 MPa, respectively. Calculated activities for H2O and CO2 vary correspondingly, increasing substantially from 0 to 100 MPa, moderately from 100 to 200 MPa, and slightly from 200 to 400 MPa. In addition, because G(ex) is asymmetric toward H2O, a-X relations for H2O are distinctly different from those for CO2. These results indicate that CO2-H2O fluids are strongly nonideal at 400 degrees C and all pressures above similar to 30 MPa, despite the fact that peak values for V-ex decrease from similar to 50 cm(3).mol(-1) at 30 MPa to similar to 1 cm(3).mol(-1) at 200 MPa, and remain small to pressures at least as high as 500 MPa. Excess Gibbs free energies and a-X relations for CO2-H2O fluids at 400 degrees C and pressures to 400 MPa calculated from modified Redlich-Kwong and Lee-Kesler equations of state generally suggest significantly smaller positive deviations from ideality. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Blencoe, JG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, POB 2008,Bldg 4500-S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Anovitz, Lawrence/P-3144-2016
OI Anovitz, Lawrence/0000-0002-2609-8750
NR 63
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 63
IS 16
BP 2393
EP 2408
DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00296-8
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 239KR
UT WOS:000082767700006
ER
PT J
AU Niitsuma, H
Fehler, M
Jones, R
Wilson, S
Albright, J
Green, A
Baria, R
Hayashi, K
Kaieda, H
Tezuka, K
Jupe, A
Wallroth, T
Cornet, F
Asanuma, H
Moriya, H
Nagano, K
Phillips, WS
Rutledge, J
House, L
Beauce, A
Alde, D
Aster, R
AF Niitsuma, H
Fehler, M
Jones, R
Wilson, S
Albright, J
Green, A
Baria, R
Hayashi, K
Kaieda, H
Tezuka, K
Jupe, A
Wallroth, T
Cornet, F
Asanuma, H
Moriya, H
Nagano, K
Phillips, WS
Rutledge, J
House, L
Beauce, A
Alde, D
Aster, R
TI Current status of seismic and borehole measurements for HDR/HWR
development
SO GEOTHERMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE seismology; microearthquakes; logging; hot dry rock; HDR/HWR; induced
seismicity
ID TRIAXIAL HODOGRAM; GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR; ACOUSTIC-EMISSION; WAVE
VELOCITIES; SOURCE LOCATION; FENTON HILL; NEW-MEXICO; EARTHQUAKES;
EVENTS; STRESS
AB Seismic and borehole measurements provide significant information about HDR/HWR reservoirs that is useful for reservoir development, reservoir characterization, and performance evaluation. Both techniques have been widely used during all HDR/HWR development projects. Seismic measurements have advanced from making passive surface measurements during hydraulic fracturing to making passive observation from multiple boreholes during all phases of HDR/HWR development, as well as active seismic measurements to probe regions of the reservoir deemed to be of interest. Seismic data provide information about reservoir extent, locations and orientations of significant fractures, and areas of thermal drawdown. Recent advances include the ability to examine structures within the seismically active zone using statistics-based techniques and methods such as seismic tomography. Seismic method is the only means to obtain direct information about reservoir characteristics away from boreholes. Borehole measurements provide high-resolution information about reservoir characteristics in the vicinity of the borehole. The ability to make borehole measurements has grown during the course of HDR/HWR development as high temperature tools have been developed. Temperature logging, televiewer logs, and electrical property measurements have been made and shown to provide useful information about locations of fractures intersecting wellbores, and regions where water leaves and enters injection and production wellbores, respectively. (C) 1993 CNR Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Camborne Sch Mines Assoc Ltd, Herniss TR10 9DU, Penryn, England.
Socomine, F-67250 Soultz Sous Forets, France.
Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Abiko, Chiba 2701166, Japan.
Japan Petr Explorat Co Ltd, JAPEX Res Ctr, Chiba 2610025, Japan.
Chalmers Univ Technol, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Inst Phys Globe, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
Muroran Inst Technol, Muroran, Hokkaido 0508585, Japan.
Bur Rech Geol & Minieres, F-45060 Orleans 2, France.
Nambe Geophys Inc, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA.
New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
RP Niitsuma, H (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
RI Aster, Richard/E-5067-2013
OI Aster, Richard/0000-0002-0821-4906
NR 79
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0375-6505
J9 GEOTHERMICS
JI Geothermics
PD AUG-OCT
PY 1999
VL 28
IS 4-5
BP 475
EP 490
DI 10.1016/S0375-6505(99)00024-3
PG 16
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 235VE
UT WOS:000082562600003
ER
PT J
AU Murphy, H
Brown, D
Jung, R
Matsunaga, I
Parker, R
AF Murphy, H
Brown, D
Jung, R
Matsunaga, I
Parker, R
TI Hydraulics and well testing of engineered geothermal reservoirs
SO GEOTHERMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE hot dry rocks; hot wet rocks; HDR; reservoir
ID TRACER TESTS; ROCK; ROSEMANOWES; FLOW
AB In most engineered reservoirs the water to extract the geothermal energy must be supplied, i.e., forced into the reservoir, rather than merely extracted as is common for conventional geothermal reservoirs. One operational hydraulic parameter of great interest is the impedance, which measures how much pressure is required to force water at unit flow rate through the reservoir. For practical purposes, the impedance should be less than 1 MPa s/l, and economic competitiveness with conventional reservoirs requires values one tenth as large. Most engineered reservoirs operated to date have met the upper requirement, and some are approaching the lower. Another parameter of great practical interest is the water loss rate, i.e. the difference between the rates of water injected and produced. Water losses and impedance are very pressure-dependent, but impedance is inversely so-high pressure increases water loss, but decreases the impedance. Hence operators may select strategies to meet their requirements. In some tight rock formations such as those at the Fenton Hill, USA, reservoir, the water loss rate may be so small that the pressure may be maximized to reduce impedance and increase energy production. In more permeable rock formations, the water losses may be quite high, so pressure and energy production may have to be limited. But in some cases, e.g. the reservoir at Soultz, France, there may be enough native permeability and water in place that more water actually maybe extracted with downhole pumps from the reservoir than is injected. (C) 1999 CNR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. AU rights reserved.
C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
Bundesanstalt Geowissensch & Rohstoffe, D-3000 Hannover, Germany.
Natl Inst Resources & Environm, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
CSM Associates, Cornwall, England.
RP Murphy, H (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 36
TC 17
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0375-6505
J9 GEOTHERMICS
JI Geothermics
PD AUG-OCT
PY 1999
VL 28
IS 4-5
BP 491
EP 506
DI 10.1016/S0375-6505(99)00025-5
PG 16
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 235VE
UT WOS:000082562600004
ER
PT J
AU Brown, D
DuTeaux, R
Kruger, P
Swenson, D
Yamaguchi, T
AF Brown, D
DuTeaux, R
Kruger, P
Swenson, D
Yamaguchi, T
TI Fluid circulation and heat extraction front engineered geothermal
reservoirs
SO GEOTHERMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE hot dry rock; HDR; HWR; reservoir
ID ROCK; EARTHQUAKES; FLOW
AB A large amount of fluid circulation and heat extraction (i.e., thermal power production) research and testing has been conducted on engineered geothermal reservoirs in the past 15 years. In confined reservoirs, which best represent the original Hot Dry Rock concept, the flow distribution at any given time is primarily determined by three parameters: (1) the nature of the interconnected network of pressure-stimulated joints and open fractures within the flow-accessible reservoir region, (2) the mean pressure in the reservoir, and (3) the cumulative amount of fluid circulation-and therefore reservoir cooling-that has occurred. For an initial reservoir rock temperature distribution and mean fluid outlet temperature, the rate of heat extraction (i.e., thermal power) is at first only a function of the production flow rate, since the production temperature can be expected to remain essentially constant for some time (months, or even years). However, as reservoir circulation proceeds, the production temperature will eventually start to decline, as determined by the mean effective joint spacing and the total flow-accessible (i.e., heat-transfer) volume of the reservoir. The rate of heat extraction, which depends on the production flow rate, can also vary with time as a result of continuing changes in the flow distribution arising from reservoir cooling.
The thermal power of engineered reservoirs can most readily be increased by increasing the production flow rate, as long as this does not lead to premature cooldown, the development of short-circuit flow paths, or excessive water losses. Generally, an increase in now rate can be accomplished by increasing the injection pressure within limits. This strategy increases the driving pressure drop across the reservoir and the mean reservoir pressure, which in turn reduces the reservoir flow impedance by increasing the amount of joint dilation. However, the usefulness of this strategy is limited to reservoir operating pressures below the fracture extension pressure, and may lead to excessive water losses, particularly in less-confined reservoirs. Under such conditions, a downhole production-well pump may be employed to increase productivity by recovering more of the injected fluid at lower mean reservoir operating pressures. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of CNR. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Brown, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MSD 443, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 36
TC 25
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0375-6505
J9 GEOTHERMICS
JI Geothermics
PD AUG-OCT
PY 1999
VL 28
IS 4-5
BP 553
EP 572
DI 10.1016/S0375-6505(99)00028-0
PG 20
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 235VE
UT WOS:000082562600008
ER
PT J
AU Abe, H
Duchane, DV
Parker, RH
Kuriyagawa, M
AF Abe, H
Duchane, DV
Parker, RH
Kuriyagawa, M
TI Present status and remaining problems of HDR/HWR system design
SO GEOTHERMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE hot dry rock; HDR; HWR; reservoir; design
AB HDR/HWR can be one of the major sources of energy for the world in the 21st century because of the size of HDR/HWR resources and the environmental benefits offered by clean HDR/HWR energy. Over the last 25 years, significant advances have been made in the creation and operation of stimulated reservoirs, but little is yet known about the details of joint structure within the body of the reservoir. Continued developments and improvements to the technologies that support HDR/HWR development are essential to increase our understanding of these reservoirs. (C) 1999 CNR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Inst Resources & Environm, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058569, Japan.
Tohoku Univ, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9800845, Japan.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
CSMA, Cornwall TR10 9DU, England.
RP Kuriyagawa, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Resources & Environm, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058569, Japan.
NR 13
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0375-6505
J9 GEOTHERMICS
JI Geothermics
PD AUG-OCT
PY 1999
VL 28
IS 4-5
BP 573
EP 590
DI 10.1016/S0375-6505(99)00029-2
PG 18
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 235VE
UT WOS:000082562600009
ER
PT J
AU Brown, DW
Duchane, DV
AF Brown, DW
Duchane, DV
TI Scientific progress on the Fenton Hill HDR project since 1983
SO GEOTHERMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE hot dry rock; HDR; fracturing; reservoir; Fenton Hill; USA
AB The modern HDR concept originated at the Los Alamos National Laboratory and was first demonstrated at Fenton Hill, New Mexico (USA). Experience gained during the development of the deeper HDR reservoir at Fenton Hill clearly showed that HDR reservoirs are formed by opening pre-existing, but sealed, multiply-connected joint sets. Subsequent flow testing indicated that sustained operation of HDR systems under steady-state conditions is feasible. The most significant remaining HDR issues are related to economics and locational flexibility. Additional field test sites are needed to advance the understanding of HDR technology so that the vast potential of this resource can be economically realized around the world. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of CNR. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Brown, DW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D443, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
NR 9
TC 11
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0375-6505
J9 GEOTHERMICS
JI Geothermics
PD AUG-OCT
PY 1999
VL 28
IS 4-5
BP 591
EP 601
DI 10.1016/S0375-6505(99)00030-9
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 235VE
UT WOS:000082562600010
ER
PT J
AU Stow, SH
AF Stow, SH
TI Ethics: Creating guidelines for the geosciences
SO GEOTIMES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Stow, SH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1055 Commerce Pk Dr,Suite 100, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOLOGICAL INST
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 4220 KING ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22302-1507 USA
SN 0016-8556
J9 GEOTIMES
JI Geotimes
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 44
IS 8
BP 5
EP 5
PG 1
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 221XQ
UT WOS:000081753200004
ER
PT J
AU Jordan, DN
Zitzer, SF
Hendrey, GR
Lewin, KF
Nagy, J
Nowak, RS
Smith, SD
Coleman, JS
Seeman, JR
AF Jordan, DN
Zitzer, SF
Hendrey, GR
Lewin, KF
Nagy, J
Nowak, RS
Smith, SD
Coleman, JS
Seeman, JR
TI Biotic, abiotic and performance aspects of the Nevada Desert Free-Air
CO2 Enrichment (FACE) Facility
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ambrosia dumosa; CO2; FACE; Larrea tridentata; Lycium sp.; Mojave Desert
ID WINTER ANNUALS; DIOXIDE; FIELD
AB Arid and semiarid climates comprise roughly 40% of the earth's terrestrial surface. Deserts are predicted to be extremely responsive to global change because they are stressful environments where small absolute changes in water availability or use represent large proportional changes. Water and carbon dioxide fluxes are inherently coupled in plant growth.
No documented global change has been more substantial or more rapid than the increase in atmospheric CO2. Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) technology permits manipulation of CO2 in intact communities without altering factors such as light intensity or quality, humidity or wind. The Nevada Desert FACE Facility (NDFF) consists of three 491 m(2) plots in the Mojave Desert receiving 550 mu L L-1 CO2, and six ambient plots to assess both CO2 and fan effects. The shrub community was characterized as a Larrea-Ambrosia-Lycium species complex. Data are reported through 12 months of operation.
C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Biol Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
Desert Res Inst, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
RP Jordan, DN (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Biol Sci, Mail Stop 4004, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
NR 22
TC 86
Z9 89
U1 3
U2 12
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1354-1013
J9 GLOB CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 5
IS 6
BP 659
EP 668
DI 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00255.x
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 220FY
UT WOS:000081655000004
ER
PT J
AU Garbesi, K
Robinson, AL
Sextro, RG
Nazaroff, WW
AF Garbesi, K
Robinson, AL
Sextro, RG
Nazaroff, WW
TI Radon entry into houses: The importance of scale-dependent permeability
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE soil; Rn-222, indoor; modeling, dose assessment; sampling
ID SOIL-GAS; TRANSPORT; BASEMENTS; PRESSURE; AIR
AB Soil permeability to air can increase substantially with measurement length scale. We tested the hypothesis that the scale effect could resolve large model underpredictions of radon and soil-gas entry into two experimental basement structures located in natural sandy-loam soil at a field site in Pen Lomond, CA. Previously, the model input for permeability at the site had been assessed based on 0.5-m scale measurements. After determining the soil-structure interaction scale (system scale) to be similar to 3 m, the model input was changed to reflect 3-m scale permeability measurements. This adjustment reduced unacceptably large model underpredictions, of a factor of 3 to 5, to a range near that of acceptable experimental error, 20 to 40%, The permeability scale effect may explain large and persistent model underestimates of radon entry into real houses, The results argue strongly for determining permeability at a length scale consistent with that of the system under study.
C1 San Jose State Univ, Dept Environm Studies, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Engn & Publ Policy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Environm & Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Nazaroff, William/C-4106-2008; Robinson, Allen/I-5713-2012; Robinson,
Allen/M-3046-2014
OI Nazaroff, William/0000-0001-5645-3357; Robinson,
Allen/0000-0003-1053-7090; Robinson, Allen/0000-0002-1819-083X
NR 33
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 77
IS 2
BP 183
EP 191
DI 10.1097/00004032-199908000-00008
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 256MJ
UT WOS:000083728800008
PM 12877340
ER
PT J
AU Chen, SY
Ranek, N
Kamboj, S
Hensley, J
Wallo, A
AF Chen, SY
Ranek, N
Kamboj, S
Hensley, J
Wallo, A
TI Authorized release of DOE's non-real property: Process and approach
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE decontamination; recycling; operational topic; safety standards
AB The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) environmental cleanup activities will generate large amounts of non-real (personal) property over the next few decades. Although much of this material does not contain above-background concentrations of residual radioactive material, some does not contain above-background concentrations. In many cases, property containing or potentially containing above-background concentrations of residual radioactive material has been disposed of by burial. However, some of the property may be expensive equipment or devices that are still useful, and the incentive to recover them for reuse is high. Other property may be valuable metals, such as nickel, copper, or high-quality stainless steel, which can easily be recycled. Yet another category of property that will be involved is bulky material, such as concrete and carbon steel, which will require considerable space for burial. Although the values of these latter materials may riot be significant, recycling presents an attractive option for alleviating limited burial capacity and ever-increasing disposal costs at licensed or authorized disposal facilities. Authorized release provisions far non-real property are contained in Order DOE 5400.5, which DOE has proposed to be codified in Title 10, Part 834 of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR 834) and in related guidance. The Department has also issued (for use and comment) the Draft Handbook for Controlling Release for Reuse or Recycle of Property Containing Residual Radioactive Material. As described in the handbook, authorized release can be accomplished using a step-by-step process. The process emphasizes application of the as-low-as-reasonably-achievable (ALARA) concept to derive release limits. This process involves identifying viable alternatives, followed by dose calculations and an optimization (cost/benefit) analysis to arrive at a preferred release alternative. Demonstration that a release alternative is ALARA noes Rot have to be elaborate if the individual and collective doses are small (on the order of a few mrem and person-rem per year). The approach outlined in the handbook also Regulatory stakeholder participation and the need to coordinate with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission or the responsible Agreement State to ensure that DOE-approved releases will trot result in an unlimited release of properly that is subject to NRC licensing requirements.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Assessment Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
US Dept Energy, Washington, DC USA.
EM sychen@anl.gov
NR 24
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 77
IS 2
SU S
BP S40
EP S48
DI 10.1097/00004032-199908001-00007
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 260BK
UT WOS:000083928300007
ER
PT J
AU Koelker, DL
Johnson, WH
Metcalf, JH
AF Koelker, DL
Johnson, WH
Metcalf, JH
TI Tritium source identification following the mood of a weapons-effects
tunnel
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE tritium; weapons; contamination; air sampling
AB During a routine quarterly monitoring of a mothballed weapons-effects testing tunnel, a volume of 150 m(3) of contaminated water was found to be impounded by a concrete dam near the tunnel entrance. After the apparent source of the flooding was located and abated, water levels behind the darn quickly returned to normal. Subsequent monitoring showed that the level of tritium in the flood water was not consistent with We flood source. A simplistic equilibrium experiment was conducted and tracked for 4 mo in an attempt to locate other possible sources of tritium. Bottles of uncontaminated water were exposed to the tunnel atmosphere hr order to identify locations of elevated airborne tritium. The experiment identified areas containing contaminated purge water from previous water sampling operations arm a drain line sump as the likely sources of the elevated tritium content of the flood water A review of tunnel design and operational procedures supported this conclusion.
C1 Nevada Operat Off, Def Special Weapons Agency, Mercury, NV 89023 USA.
Univ Nevada, Dept Hlth Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Mercury, NV 89023 USA.
EM dskaway@yahoo.com
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 77
IS 2
SU S
BP S18
EP S23
DI 10.1097/00004032-199908001-00004
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 260BK
UT WOS:000083928300004
ER
PT J
AU Romero, LL
Hoffman, JM
Foltyn, EM
Buhl, TE
AF Romero, LL
Hoffman, JM
Foltyn, EM
Buhl, TE
TI Operational comparison of bubble dosimetry with albedo thermoluminescent
dosimetry for a selected group of Pu-238 workers
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Pu-238; dosimetry; thermoluminescent dosimetry; safety standards
ID DETECTORS
AB Personnel neutron dosimetry continues to be a difficult science due to the lack of availability of robust passive dosimeters that exhibit tissue equivalent, or near tissue equivalent response. The dosimeter most used for neutron dosimetry in the United States remains the albedo thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD). Track-etch and bubble dosimeters generally have a more favorable energy response than albedo dosimeters but are more difficult and expensive to use. This paper is an operational study that compares the use of albedo TLDs with bubble dosimeters to determine whether bubble dosimeters do provide a useful daily tool to achieve as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) goals that can yield measurements close to the dose-of-record from TLD. A group of workers working on the radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) for the National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) Cassini space mission wore both bubble dosimeters and albedo dosimeters over a period from 1993 through 1996. The bubble dosimeters were issued and read on a daily basis and the data were used as an ALARA tool. The personnel albedo dosimeter was processed on a monthly basis and used as the dose-of-record. The results of this study indicated that cumulative bubble dosimetry results agreed with whole-body albedo dosimetry results within about 37%. However, it was observed that there is a significant variability of the results on an individual basis both month-to-month and from one individual to another.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Hlth Phys Measurement Grp ESH4, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM leonardr@lanl.gov
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 77
IS 2
SU S
BP S9
EP S17
DI 10.1097/00004032-199908001-00003
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 260BK
UT WOS:000083928300003
ER
PT J
AU Vargo, GJ
Dasgupta, A
Lentz, RC
Neal, JK
AF Vargo, GJ
Dasgupta, A
Lentz, RC
Neal, JK
TI STREAM and WPS-tools for improving worker safety at Chornobyl
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE decontamination; Chornobyl; safety standards; computers
AB On 26 April 1986, Chornobyl's Unit 4 reactor exploded during a test of the plant's turbine-generator system. The reactor core was destroyed. The explosion and subsequent fires dispersed large amounts of radioactive material in the form of gases and dust particles. In an effort to localize radioactivity and temporarily preserve the Unit 4, "Shelter" was constructed over the remains of the reactor. However, the destroyed unit, which contains about 190 tons of irradiated nuclear fuel, is undergoing degradation due to exposure to the environment. This has resulted in the generation of radioactive dust. Ukraine, and the G-7 countries, the G-7 countries include United states, Great Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Japan and Italy, have agreed on a plan to stabilize the shelter by building a new protective structure and by removing portions of the existing Shelter to ensure its long-term stability. The United States has committed to improve worker safety at the Shelter by reducing radiation doses to workers. As part of the continuing efforts to achieve dose reduction for site personnel at the Shelter, Delphinus Engineering, under contract from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) operated by Batelle, installed and implemented STREAM or System for Tracking Radiation, Engineering, Activities and Materials. STREAM is both a multimedia database system and a decision support system that was developed as a "tool" for management and staff to enhance and/or facilitate productivity, safety, improve communications and training. The STREAM data-base is utilized to store and manage information relevant for decontamination and decommissioning (D&D) activities. STREAM's decision support system, referred to as the Work Planning System (WPS) allows planning of manned entries into the facility.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Delphinus Engn, Eddystone, PA 19022 USA.
EM vargo@pnl.gov
NR 1
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 77
IS 2
SU S
BP S24
EP S31
DI 10.1097/00004032-199908001-00005
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 260BK
UT WOS:000083928300005
ER
PT J
AU Vickers, LD
Eifert, EJ
AF Vickers, LD
Eifert, EJ
TI The staging program for plutonium pits at the USDOE Pantex Plant
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE plutonium; ALARA; radiation risk; radiation safety
AB The United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) Pantex Plant serves as the staward of the nation's stockpile of plutonium pits. A plutonium pit is the main nuclear charge in a nuclear weapon (warhead or bomb). A plutonium pit is a hollow sphere of plutonium metal that is hermetically sealed by a cladding of stainless steel. Pantex Plant secures the common defense and national security of the United States by safely staging plutonium pits in a manner which protects the health and safety of employees, public, and the environment.
C1 US DOE, Pantex Plant, Risk Management Dept, Amarillo, TX 79120 USA.
EM lvickers@pantex.com
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 77
IS 2
SU S
BP S49
EP S54
DI 10.1097/00004032-199908001-00008
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 260BK
UT WOS:000083928300008
ER
PT J
AU Efroymson, RA
Suter, GW
AF Efroymson, RA
Suter, GW
TI Finding a niche for soil microbial toxicity tests in ecological risk
assessment
SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE assessment endpoint; microorganism; soil; soil contamination
ID FATTY-ACID PROFILES; HEAVY-METALS; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; MICROORGANISMS;
COMMUNITIES; TOLUENE
AB Soil microbial toxicity tests are seldom used in ecological risk assessments or in the development of regulatory criteria in the U.S. The primary reason is the lack of an explicit connection between these tests and assessment endpoints. Soil microorganisms have three potential roles with respect to ecological assessment endpoints: properties of microbial communities may be endpoints; microbial responses may be used to estimate effects on plant production; and microbial responses may be used as surrogates for responses of higher organisms. Rates of microbial processes are important to ecosystem function, and thus should be valued by regulatory agencies. However, the definition of the microbial assessment endpoint is often an impediment to its use in risk assessment. Decreases in rates are not always undesirable. Processes in a nutrient cycle are particularly difficult to define as endpoints, because what constitutes an adverse effect on a process is dependent on the rates of others. Microbial tests may be used as evidence in an assessment of plant production, but the dependence of plants on microbial processes is rarely considered. As assessment endpoints are better defined in the future, microbial ecologists and toxicologists should be provided with more direction for developing appropriate microbial tests.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Efroymson, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
OI Efroymson, Rebecca/0000-0002-3190-880X
NR 33
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU CRC PRESS INC
PI BOCA RATON
PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431
USA
SN 1080-7039
J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS
JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 5
IS 4
BP 715
EP 727
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 233BD
UT WOS:000082404900010
ER
PT J
AU Grazier, KR
Newman, WI
Kaula, WM
Hyman, JM
AF Grazier, KR
Newman, WI
Kaula, WM
Hyman, JM
TI Dynamical evolution of planetesimals in the outer solar system - I. The
Jupiter/Saturn zone
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
ID SHORT-PERIOD COMETS; ORIGINAL DISTRIBUTION; STABLE ORBITS; ASTEROIDS;
SATURN
AB We report on numerical simulations designed to understand the distribution of small bodies in the Solar System and the winnowing of planetesimals accreted from the early solar nebula. The primordial planetesimal swarm evolved in a phase space divided into regimes by separatrices which define their trajectories and fate. This sorting process is driven by the energy and angular momentum and continues to the present day. We reconsider the existence and importance of stable niches in the Jupiter/Saturn zone using highly accurate numerical techniques based on high-order optimized multistep integration schemes coupled to roundoff error minimizing methods. We repeat the investigations of W.M. Weibel et al. (Icarus 83, 382-390, 1990) with one hundred thousand massless particles-nearly 10(3) time more particles than our 1990 investigation. Previous studies of the Jupiter/Saturn zone have employed only hundreds of particles, usually starting on circular and zero inclination orbits. By employing 10(5) particles on both inclinded and eccentric orbits, we can perform a near-exhaustive search for test particle stability as a function of initial orbital elements. The increase in the numbers of test particles also facilitates robust statistical inference and comparison with analytic results. In our simulations, we observed three stages in the planetesimal dynamics. At the start of the simulation many planetesimals are quickly eliminated by close approaches to Jupiter or Saturn. Next there is a gravitational relaxation phase where the surviving particles are exponentially eliminated by random gravitational encounters with Jupiter or Saturn. Finally, the only long-lived particles in the simulation were initially located either at a Lagrange point or in an orbit nearly commensurable with Jupiter or Saturn. We conclude that although niches for planetesimal material are rare, extremely high-accuracy long-duration simulations employing many particles will be able to capture even the qualitative nature of early Solar System planetesimal evolution. (C) 1999 Academic Press.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Math, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Grazier, KR (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RI Newman, William/E-5918-2011
OI Newman, William/0000-0002-9835-1428
NR 47
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 140
IS 2
BP 341
EP 352
DI 10.1006/icar.1999.6146
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 239EB
UT WOS:000082754900007
ER
PT J
AU Grazier, KR
Newman, WI
Varadi, F
Kaula, WM
Hyman, JM
AF Grazier, KR
Newman, WI
Varadi, F
Kaula, WM
Hyman, JM
TI Dynamical evolution of planetesimals in the outer solar system - II. The
Saturn/Uranus and Uranus/Neptune zones
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
ID SECULAR RESONANCES; ORBITS; STABILITY; PLANETS; NEPTUNE; REGION; URANUS;
BELT
AB We report on numerical simulations exploring the dynamical stability of planetesimals in the gaps between the outer Solar System planets. We search for stable niches in the Saturn/Uranus and Uranus/Neptune zones by employing 10,000 massless particles-many more than previous studies in these two zones-using high-order optimized multistep integration schemes coupled with roundoff error minimizing methods. An additional feature of this study differing from its predecessors, is the fact that our initial distributions contain particles on orbits which are both inclined and noncircular. These initial distributions were also Gaussian distributed such that the Gaussian peaks were at the midpoint between the neighboring perturbers, The simulations showed an initial transient phase where the bulk of the primordial planetesimal swarm was removed from the Solar System within 10(5) years. This is about 10 times longer than we observed in our previous Jupiter/Saturn studies. Next, there was a gravitational relaxation phase where the particles underwent a random walk in momentum space and were exponentially eliminated by random encounters with the planets. Unlike our previous Jupiter/Saturn simulation, the particles did not fully relax into a third Lagrangian niche phase where long-lived particles are at Lagrange points or stable niches. This is either because the Lagrangian niche phase never occurs or because these simulations did not have enough particles for this third phase to manifest. In these simulations, there was a general trend for the particles to migrate outward and eventually to be cleared out by the outermost planet in the zone. We confirmed that particles with higher eccentricities had shorter lifetimes and that the resonances between the jovian planets "pumped up" the eccentricities of the planetesimals with low-inclination orbits more than those with higher inclinations. We estimated the expected lifetime of particles using kinetic theory and even though the time scale of the Uranus/Neptune simulation was 380 times longer than our previous Jupiter/Saturn simulation, the planetesimals in the Uranus/Neptune zone were cleared out more quickly than those in the Saturn/Uranus zone because of the positions of resonances with the jovian planets. These resonances had an even greater effect than random gravitational stirring in the winnowing process and confirm that all the jovian planets are necessary in long simulations. Even though we observed several long-lived zones near 12.5, 14.4, 16, 24.5, and 26 AU, only two particles remained at the end of the 10(9)-year integration: one near the 2:3 Saturn resonance, and the other near the Neptune 1:1 resonance. This suggests that niches for planetesimal material in the jovian planets are rare and may exist either only in extremely narrow bands or in the neighborhoods of the triangular Lagrange points of the outer planets. (C) 1999 Academic Press.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Math, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Grazier, KR (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RI Newman, William/E-5918-2011
OI Newman, William/0000-0002-9835-1428
NR 34
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 140
IS 2
BP 353
EP 368
DI 10.1006/icar.1999.6147
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 239EB
UT WOS:000082754900008
ER
PT J
AU Park, SG
Weiner, AM
Melloch, MR
Siders, CW
Siders, JLW
Taylor, AJ
AF Park, SG
Weiner, AM
Melloch, MR
Siders, CW
Siders, JLW
Taylor, AJ
TI High-power narrow-band terahertz generation using large-aperture
photoconductors
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE large-aperture; low-temperature-grown GaAs; photoconductor; saturation;
terahertz
ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; FIELD-DYNAMICS; ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES; CARRIER
LIFETIME; ANTENNAS; RADIATION; GAAS; SYSTEMS
AB Large-aperture biased photoconductive emitters which can generate high-power narrow-band terahertz (THz) radiation are developed. These emitters avoid saturation at high fluence excitation and achieve enhanced peak power spectral density by employing a thick lager of short-lifetime low-temperature-grown GaAs (LT-GaAs) photoconductor and multiple-pulse excitation. THz waveforms are calculated from the saturation theory of large-aperture photoconductors, and a comparison is made between theory and measurement. A direct comparison of the multiple-pulse saturation properties of THz emission from semi-insulating GaAs and LT-GaAs emitters reveals a strong dependence on the carrier lifetime. In particular, the data demonstrate that saturation is avoided only when the interpulse spacing is longer than the carrier lifetime.
C1 Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Park, SG (reprint author), AT&T Bell Labs, Res Labs, Red Bank, NJ 07701 USA.
OI Park, Sang-Gyu/0000-0002-6051-0163
NR 27
TC 57
Z9 60
U1 2
U2 8
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9197
J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT
JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 35
IS 8
BP 1257
EP 1268
DI 10.1109/3.777228
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 220WR
UT WOS:000081691600020
ER
PT J
AU Tan, Q
Schaible, B
Bond, LJ
Lee, YC
AF Tan, Q
Schaible, B
Bond, LJ
Lee, YC
TI Thermosonic flip-chip bonding system with a self-planarization feature
using polymer
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ADVANCED PACKAGING
LA English
DT Article
DE thermosonic; flip chip; ultrasonic; microelectronic packaging; wire
bonding; finite element method
AB Thermosonic flip-chip bonding is a wire bonding technology modified for flip-chip assembly. Compared with the soldering technology, it is simpler, faster and more cost-effective. Unfortunately, the yield of thermosonic bonding is low and unreliable because it is difficult to control the ultrasonic energy transmission. A small planarity angle between the bonding tool and stage can result in a nonuniform ultrasonic energy distribution. A self-planarization concept was proposed to solve this problem. A layer of polymer was placed between the bonding tool and the chip to smooth the nonplanar contact. Experimental measure-ments and finite element modeling were used to study the effect of the polymer layer. Results showed that the polymer layer could assure a uniform ultrasonic energy distribution; however, it also reduced the energy transmission efficiency. A case study for optimization was conducted based on finite element modeling. For a 1000-I/O hip chip assembly with a 250 mu m pitch using a bonder with a 0.010 planarity angle, polymer thickness of 350 mu m and a Young's modulus of 2 Gpa were selected.
C1 Motorola Inc, Semicond Prod Sector, Austin, TX 78721 USA.
Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Tan, Q (reprint author), Motorola Inc, Semicond Prod Sector, Austin, TX 78721 USA.
NR 16
TC 18
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 1521-3323
J9 IEEE TRANS ADV PACK
JI IEEE Trans. Adv. Packag.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 22
IS 3
BP 468
EP 475
DI 10.1109/6040.784501
PG 8
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 230ZZ
UT WOS:000082282700032
ER
PT J
AU Cuneo, ME
AF Cuneo, ME
TI The effect of electrode contamination, cleaning and conditioning on
high-energy pulsed-power device performance
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION
LA English
DT Review
ID FIELD ION DIODE; GLOW-DISCHARGE; ANODE PLASMA; SURFACE FLASHOVER;
STAINLESS-STEEL; MICROWAVE GENERATION; RELTRON TUBES; BEAM DIODE;
VACUUM; EMISSION
AB High-energy pulsed-power devices routinely use field strengths above those at which broad-area, cathode-initiated, HV vacuum-breakdown occur (>10(7) to 3x10(7) V/m). Examples include magnetically-insulated transmission-lines and current convolutes, high-current-density electron and ion diodes, high-power microwave devices, and cavities and other structures far electrostatic and RF accelerators. Energy deposited in anode surfaces may exceed anode plasma thermal-desorption creation thresholds on the time scale of the pulse. Stimulated desorption by electron or photon bombardment also can lead to plasma formation on electrode or insulator surfaces. Device performance is limited above these thresholds, particularly in pulse length and energy, by the formation and expansion of neutral and plasma layers formed primarily from electrode contaminants. In-situ conditioning techniques to modify and eliminate the contaminants through multiple HV pulses, low base pressures, RF discharge cleaning, heating, surface coatings, and ion- and electron-beam surface treatment allow access to new regimes of performance through control of plasma formation and modification of the plasma properties. Experimental and theoretical progress from a variety of devices and small scale experiments with a variety of treatment methods will be reviewed and recommendations given for future work.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Pulsed Power Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Cuneo, ME (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Pulsed Power Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 145
TC 57
Z9 58
U1 0
U2 14
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1070-9878
EI 1558-4135
J9 IEEE T DIELECT EL IN
JI IEEE Trns. Dielectr. Electr. Insul.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 6
IS 4
BP 469
EP 485
DI 10.1109/94.788747
PG 17
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 235LK
UT WOS:000082543000017
ER
PT J
AU Dow, SF
Karcher, A
Levi, ME
Momayezi, M
von der Lippe, H
Ando, D
AF Dow, SF
Karcher, A
Levi, ME
Momayezi, M
von der Lippe, H
Ando, D
TI Design and performance of the Elefant Digitizer IC for the BaBar drift
chamber
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1998 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS)
CY NOV 08-14, 1998
CL TORONTO, CANADA
SP IEEE
AB A 250,000 transistor full custom integrated circuit for the readout of drift chamber signals has been developed, produced and characterized. The "Elefant" (ELEctronics For Amplitude 'N Timing) Digitizer IC is designed to measure both the charge and the single electron time of arrival of sense wire signals from the BaBar drift chamber. By combining a FADC (Flash Analog-to-Digital Converter) and a TDC (Time-to-Digital Converter) for each channel, the digitizer IC can be optimized and simplified, to achieve the physics goals required of the drift chamber while reducing the per channel costs of the electronics. The Elefant IC also implements portions of the BaBar Trigger protocols to simplify the connection of the chip to the rest of the BaBar detector. Each IC contains eight complete independent channels. The circuit has been implemented in a 0.8 mu m triple metal CMOS process and fabricated in production quantity to fully instrument the BaBar Drift Chamber and are now in operation. Performance results of the IC will be presented.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Dow, SF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 6
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 4
BP 785
EP 791
DI 10.1109/23.790679
PN 1
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235WH
UT WOS:000082565200001
ER
PT J
AU Einsweiler, K
Joshi, A
Marchesini, R
Pengg, F
Zizka, G
AF Einsweiler, K
Joshi, A
Marchesini, R
Pengg, F
Zizka, G
TI On the performance and limitations of a dual threshold discriminator
pixel readout circuit for LHC
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1998 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS)
CY NOV 08-14, 1998
CL TORONTO, CANADA
SP IEEE
AB The analog front-end of pixel readout electronics with dual threshold discriminator scheme has been measured extensively to determine the optimum performance and performance Limitations of the circuit. The preamplifier shows a peaking time of 20ns without capacitive load, which degrades to only 30ns with a load of 350fF. The LEVEL-discriminator has an adjustable threshold in the range of 2000 to 6000e(-) with a variable separation to the TIME-discriminator threshold of 800 to 1600e(-), The circuit allows the full suppression of out-of-time signals under the conditions of 350fF capacitive load and a total power consumption of 40 mu W per cell. The untuned threshold dispersion is measured to be 320e(-) r.m.s., which reduces to 70e(-) r.m.s. after threshold adjust. The overall noise of the circuit reaches a value of about 200e(-) r.m.s. with 350fF capacitive load and 20nA of parallel current at the preamplifier input. Further measurements characterize the time-over-threshold (TOT) behaviour and the double-pulse resolution of the circuit.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Einsweiler, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 4
BP 792
EP 799
DI 10.1109/23.790680
PN 1
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235WH
UT WOS:000082565200002
ER
PT J
AU Pietraski, PJ
Zojceski, Z
Siddons, DP
Smith, GC
Yu, B
AF Pietraski, PJ
Zojceski, Z
Siddons, DP
Smith, GC
Yu, B
TI Digital centroid-finding electronics for high-rate detectors
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1998 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS)
CY NOV 08-14, 1998
CL TORONTO, CANADA
SP IEEE
AB Fast centroid-finding electronics are being developed for a range of position-sensitive gas proportional detectors. Each cathode strip feeds a preamplifier, shaper and a free-running ADC, Increased total count rate is achieved by dividing the detector into several segments with parallel processing that introduces no common dead time,Each segment has central-channel finding logic and event listing realized in a FPGA, followed by a DSP that performs the centroid calculation and histogramming.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Pietraski, PJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 11
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 4
BP 810
EP 816
DI 10.1109/23.790683
PN 1
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235WH
UT WOS:000082565200005
ER
PT J
AU Borchi, E
Bruzzi, M
Dezillie, B
Lazanu, S
Li, Z
Pirollo, S
AF Borchi, E
Bruzzi, M
Dezillie, B
Lazanu, S
Li, Z
Pirollo, S
TI Hall effect analysis in irradiated silicon samples with different
resistivities
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1998 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS)
CY NOV 08-14, 1998
CL TORONTO, CANADA
SP IEEE
ID DETECTORS; RADIATION; DEFECT
AB The changes induced by neutron irradiation in n- and p-type silicon samples with starting resistivities from 10 Omega-cm up to 30 K Omega-cm, grown, using different techniques, as Float-Zone (FZ), Czochralski (CZ) and epitaxial, have been analyzed by Van der Pauw and Hall effect measurements. Increasing the fluence, each set of samples evolves toward a quasi-intrinsic p-type material. This behavior has been explained in the frame of a two-level model, that considers the introduction during irradiation of mainly two defects. A deep acceptor and a deep donor,probably related to the divacancy and to the CiOi complex, are placed in the upper and lower half of the forbidden gap, respectively. This simple model explains quantitatively the data on resistivity and Hall coefficient of each set of samples up to the fluence of approximate to 10(14) n/cm(2).
C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50139 Florence, Italy.
Dipartimento Energet Firenze, I-50139 Florence, Italy.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Natl Inst Mat Phys, Bucharest 76900, Romania.
RP Borchi, E (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Via S Marta 3, I-50139 Florence, Italy.
RI Lazanu, Sorina/B-7819-2012; Bruzzi, Mara/K-1326-2015
OI Lazanu, Sorina/0000-0003-0390-0779; Bruzzi, Mara/0000-0001-7344-8365
NR 12
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 4
BP 834
EP 838
DI 10.1109/23.790687
PN 1
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235WH
UT WOS:000082565200009
ER
PT J
AU Abramov, V
Babintsev, V
Baldin, B
Butler, J
Beutel, D
Bezzubov, V
Bojko, N
Burtovoi, V
Chekulaev, S
Chi, E
Denisov, D
Denisov, S
Diehl, T
Dyshkant, A
Eroshin, O
Evdokimov, V
Galyaev, A
Goncharov, P
Green, D
Gurzhiev, S
Haggerty, H
Hanlet, P
Hansen, S
Hedin, D
Ito, A
Johns, K
Kostritskiy, A
Kozelov, A
Kozlovski, E
Leitner, R
Lokajicek, M
Los, S
Mayorov, A
Medovikov, V
Mokhov, N
Pospisil, S
Raskowski, J
Simak, V
Smith, G
Stefanik, A
Stoianova, D
Suk, M
Vaniov, V
Volkov, A
Vorobiev, A
Vrba, V
Williams, R
Wood, D
Yoffe, F
Zimin, S
AF Abramov, V
Babintsev, V
Baldin, B
Butler, J
Beutel, D
Bezzubov, V
Bojko, N
Burtovoi, V
Chekulaev, S
Chi, E
Denisov, D
Denisov, S
Diehl, T
Dyshkant, A
Eroshin, O
Evdokimov, V
Galyaev, A
Goncharov, P
Green, D
Gurzhiev, S
Haggerty, H
Hanlet, P
Hansen, S
Hedin, D
Ito, A
Johns, K
Kostritskiy, A
Kozelov, A
Kozlovski, E
Leitner, R
Lokajicek, M
Los, S
Mayorov, A
Medovikov, V
Mokhov, N
Pospisil, S
Raskowski, J
Simak, V
Smith, G
Stefanik, A
Stoianova, D
Suk, M
Vaniov, V
Volkov, A
Vorobiev, A
Vrba, V
Williams, R
Wood, D
Yoffe, F
Zimin, S
TI Fast scintillation counters for the DO muon system upgrade
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1998 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS)
CY NOV 08-14, 1998
CL TORONTO, CANADA
SP IEEE
AB The design and main parameters of the completly redesigned DO Forward Angle MUon System (FAMUS: 1.0 < \eta\ < 2.0) for the next high luminosity Tevatron Collider run are reported. Results of the studies of trigger scintillation counters based on fast scintillator Bicron 404A and WLS bars SOFZ-105 are presented. We report about results of test beam studies of prototype counters including minimum ionizing particles detection efficiency, time resolution and amplitude response. Radiation ageing of scintillating materials for the doses up to 1 Mrad, phototubes magnetic shielding in the fields of up to 700 G and ageing of phototubes are presented. All tests show robustness of scintillation counters as triggering detector of the new muon system for a long period.
C1 Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia.
Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.
Charles Univ, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic.
Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic.
Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, CR-11519 Prague, Czech Republic.
RP Abramov, V (reprint author), Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia.
RI Kozelov, Alexander/J-3812-2014; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 4
BP 865
EP 868
DI 10.1109/23.790693
PN 1
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235WH
UT WOS:000082565200015
ER
PT J
AU Browne, MC
Bowles, TJ
Brice, SJ
Doe, PJ
Duba, CA
Elliott, SR
Esch, EI
Fowler, MM
Germani, JV
Goldschmidt, A
Heeger, KM
Hime, A
Lesko, KT
Miller, CG
Ollerhead, RW
Poon, AWP
Robertson, RGH
Smith, MWE
Steiger, TD
Stokstad, RG
Thornewell, PM
Wilhelmy, JB
Wilkerson, JF
Wouters, JM
AF Browne, MC
Bowles, TJ
Brice, SJ
Doe, PJ
Duba, CA
Elliott, SR
Esch, EI
Fowler, MM
Germani, JV
Goldschmidt, A
Heeger, KM
Hime, A
Lesko, KT
Miller, CG
Ollerhead, RW
Poon, AWP
Robertson, RGH
Smith, MWE
Steiger, TD
Stokstad, RG
Thornewell, PM
Wilhelmy, JB
Wilkerson, JF
Wouters, JM
TI Low-background He-3 proportional counters for use in the Sudbury
Neutrino Observatory
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1998 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS)
CY NOV 08-14, 1998
CL TORONTO, CANADA
SP IEEE
AB Current solar neutrino detectors measure a considerably lower flux of electron-flavor neutrinos than predicted by solar models. This could be an indication of neutrino oscillations, which would provide direct evidence that neutrinos have mass. The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) was designed to detect all flavors of neutrinos, and will provide a rigorous test of this theory. The SNO detector's heavy water target gives it the unique ability to detect all non-sterile neutrino flavors via the neutral-current (NC) break-up of the deuteron. This NC interaction liberates a neutron which may be detected with an array of discrete He-3 proportional counters. The strict radioactivity requirements imposed by the need for low backgrounds dictate the use of ultra-pure materials and processes in building these counters. Additionally, they must survive in the heavy water environment for several years. The design, construction, and testing of these unique counters are described.
C1 Univ Washington, Nucl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
RP Browne, MC (reprint author), Univ Washington, Nucl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
OI Wilkerson, John/0000-0002-0342-0217
NR 10
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 4
BP 873
EP 876
DI 10.1109/23.790695
PN 1
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235WH
UT WOS:000082565200017
ER
PT J
AU Ludewigt, BA
Krieger, B
Lindstrom, D
Maier, MR
Rutgersson, M
Tull, CR
Yaver, H
AF Ludewigt, BA
Krieger, B
Lindstrom, D
Maier, MR
Rutgersson, M
Tull, CR
Yaver, H
TI Silicon array detector system for high-rate, low-noise X-ray
spectroscopy
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1998 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS)
CY NOV 08-14, 1998
CL TORONTO, CANADA
SP IEEE
ID PREAMPLIFIER-SHAPER
AB A silicon array detector system is being developed for x-ray fluorescence applications at synchrotron light sources. The detector is wire-bonded to integrated circuits, which feature 32 channels of charge-sensitive preamplifiers followed by variable-gain pulse shaping amplifiers. The ICs directly drive CAMAC-based AID boards designed for this application. The data are transferred from the custom designed 16-channel ADC modules via FERABUS readout to commercially available histogramming modules and memory lookup units. The system features fully parallel signal processing to maintain high count-rate capability and to preserve the position information. Special LabVIEW-based software has been developed for data acquisition and analysis. The system, currently being assembled for 64 channels, can easily be expanded by increasing the number of detection channels and hardware modules.
C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Chalmers Univ Technol, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
RP Ludewigt, BA (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 8
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 4
BP 886
EP 889
DI 10.1109/23.790698
PN 1
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235WH
UT WOS:000082565200020
ER
PT J
AU Yaver, H
Maier, MR
Lindstrom, D
Ludewigt, BA
AF Yaver, H
Maier, MR
Lindstrom, D
Ludewigt, BA
TI Adaptive readout technique for a sixteen channel peak sensing ADC in the
FERA format
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1998 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS)
CY NOV 08-14, 1998
CL TORONTO, CANADA
SP IEEE
AB An adaptive variable block size readout technique for use with multiple sixteen channel CAMAC ADCs with a FERA-bus readout has been developed and designed. It can be used to read data from experiments with or without coincidence, i.e. singles, without having to change the readout protocol. Details of the implementation are discussed and initial results are presented. Further applications of the adaptive readout are also discussed.
C1 EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Chalmers Univ Technol, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
RP Yaver, H (reprint author), EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 4
BP 924
EP 927
DI 10.1109/23.790705
PN 1
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235WH
UT WOS:000082565200027
ER
PT J
AU Berenyi, A
Chen, HK
Dao, K
Dow, SF
Gehrig, SK
Gill, MS
Grace, C
Jared, RC
Johnson, JK
Karcher, A
Kasen, D
Kirsten, FA
Kral, JF
LeClerc, CM
Levi, ME
von der Lippe, H
Liu, TH
Marks, KM
Meyer, AB
Minor, R
Montgomery, AH
Romosan, A
AF Berenyi, A
Chen, HK
Dao, K
Dow, SF
Gehrig, SK
Gill, MS
Grace, C
Jared, RC
Johnson, JK
Karcher, A
Kasen, D
Kirsten, FA
Kral, JF
LeClerc, CM
Levi, ME
von der Lippe, H
Liu, TH
Marks, KM
Meyer, AB
Minor, R
Montgomery, AH
Romosan, A
TI A binary link tracker for the BaBar Level 1 trigger system
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1998 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS)
CY NOV 08-14, 1998
CL TORONTO, CANADA
SP IEEE
AB The BABAR detector at PEP-II will operate in a high-luminosity e(+)e(-) collider environment near the Y(4S) resonance with the primary goal of studying CP violation in the B meson system. In this environment, typical physics events of interest involve multiple charged particles. These events are identified by counting these tracks in a fast first level (Level 1) trigger system, by reconstructing the tracks in "real time." For this purpose, a Binary Link Tracker Module (BLTM) was designed and fabricated for the BABAR Level 1 Drift Chamber trigger system. The BLTM is responsible for linking track segments, constructed by the Track Segment Finder Modules (TSFM), into complete tracks. A single BLTM module processes a 360 MBytes/s: stream of segment hit data, corresponding to information from the entire Drift chamber, and implements a fast and robust algorithm that tolerates high hit occupancies as well as local inefficiencies of the Drift Chamber. The algorithms and the necessary control logic of the BLTM were implemented in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), using the VHDL hardware description language. The finished 9U x 400 nun Euro-format board contains roughly 75,000 gates of programmable logic or about 10,000 lines of VHDL code synthesized into five FPGAs.
C1 EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Berenyi, A (reprint author), EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Montgomery, Alexander/B-4969-2009
OI Montgomery, Alexander/0000-0003-4166-0534
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 4
BP 928
EP 932
DI 10.1109/23.790706
PN 1
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235WH
UT WOS:000082565200028
ER
PT J
AU Ciobanu, C
Gerstenslager, J
Hoftiezer, J
Hughes, R
Johnson, M
Koehn, P
Neu, C
Sanchez, C
Winer, BL
Freeman, J
Holm, S
Lewis, JD
Shaw, T
Wesson, T
Bloom, K
Gerdes, D
Dawson, JW
Haberichter, WN
AF Ciobanu, C
Gerstenslager, J
Hoftiezer, J
Hughes, R
Johnson, M
Koehn, P
Neu, C
Sanchez, C
Winer, BL
Freeman, J
Holm, S
Lewis, JD
Shaw, T
Wesson, T
Bloom, K
Gerdes, D
Dawson, JW
Haberichter, WN
TI Online track processor for the CDF upgrade
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1998 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS)
CY NOV 08-14, 1998
CL TORONTO, CANADA
SP IEEE
AB A trigger track processor is being designed for the CDF upgrade. This processor identifies high momentum (P-T > 1.5 GeV/c) charged tracks in the new central outer tracking chamber for CDF II. The track processor is called the eXtremely Fast Tracker (XFT). The XFT design is highly parallel to handle the input rate of 183 Gbits/sec and output rate of 44 Gbits/sec. The processor is pipelined and reports the results for a new event every 132 ns. The processor uses three stages, hit classification, segment finding, and segment linking. The pattern recognition algorithms for the three stages are implemented in programmable logic devices (PLDs) which allow for in-situ modification of the algorithm at any time. The PLDs reside on three different types of modules. Prototypes of each of these modules have been designed and built, and are presently undergoing testing. An overview of the track processor and results of testing are presented.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Ciobanu, C (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
NR 3
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 4
BP 933
EP 939
DI 10.1109/23.790707
PN 1
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235WH
UT WOS:000082565200029
ER
PT J
AU Holslin, D
Foster, L
Verbinski, V
AF Holslin, D
Foster, L
Verbinski, V
TI A moisture probe using neutron moderation for PuO2 canister inspection
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1998 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS)
CY NOV 08-14, 1998
CL TORONTO, CANADA
SP IEEE
AB We have been developing a sensor to quickly and nondestructively measure the moisture content of canisters containing PuO2. These canisters will be retained in longterm storage facilities and, for stability reasons, must have moisture contents <0.5 wt%. The technique relies on the moderation of neutrons emitted by a radioisotopic source (Cf-252) to determine the hydrogen content of the material. Modeling was used to help optimize the sensor design and to predict the sensitivity to moisture content. A benchmodel was first constructed and tested at SAIC with simulated PuO2 using Fe3O4 and B4C; moisture was simulated with nylon rods. The benchmodel was also tested at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) using actual PuO2-filled canisters modified to accept polyethylene rods to simulate moisture. The results indicated that the detection limit tone statistical standard deviation) for a 10 minute inspection was less than 1.2 g of water, or 0.04wt%, in 3 kg of PuO2. A prototype system was recently constructed for testing a variety of PuO2 samples with various material matrices. Here we present the calculations, sensor designs, tests, test results, and discuss future plans.
C1 Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92127 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Holslin, D (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, 16701 W Bernardo Dr, San Diego, CA 92127 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 4
BP 953
EP 956
DI 10.1109/23.790710
PN 1
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235WH
UT WOS:000082565200032
ER
PT J
AU Gleason, SS
Sari-Sarraf, H
Paulus, MJ
Johnson, DK
Norton, SJ
Abidi, MA
AF Gleason, SS
Sari-Sarraf, H
Paulus, MJ
Johnson, DK
Norton, SJ
Abidi, MA
TI Reconstruction of multi-energy x-ray computed tomography images of
laboratory mice
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1998 Medical Imaging Conference
CY NOV 12-14, 1998
CL TORONTO, CANADA
AB A new x-ray computed tomography (CT) system is being developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to image laboratory mice for the purpose of rapid phenotype screening and identification. One implementation of this CT system allows simultaneous capture of several sets of sinogram data, each having a unique x-ray energy distribution. The goals of this paper are to (1) identify issues associated with the reconstruction of this energy-dependent data and (2) suggest preliminary approaches to address these issues. Due to varying numbers of photon counts within each set, both traditional (filtered backprojection, or FBP) and statistical (maximum likelihood, or ML) tomographic image reconstruction techniques have been applied to the energy-dependent sinogram data. Results of reconstructed images using both algorithms on sinogram data (high- and low-count) are presented. Also, tissue contrast within the energy-dependent images is compared to known x-ray attenuation coefficients of soft tissue (e.g. muscle, bone, and fat).
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Gleason, SS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 12
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 4
BP 1081
EP 1086
DI 10.1109/23.790832
PN 2
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 235WN
UT WOS:000082566000018
ER
PT J
AU Beilis, II
Keidar, M
Boxman, RL
Goldsmith, S
AF Beilis, II
Keidar, M
Boxman, RL
Goldsmith, S
TI Plasma expansion and current flow in a vacuum arc with a small anode
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation
in Vacuum (ISDEIV)
CY AUG 17-21, 1998
CL EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL, EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS
SP ABB Calor Emag Schaltanlagen AG, Eindhoven Univ Technol, HOLEC Middenspanning BV, IEEE Dielectr & Elect Insulat Soc, KEMA T&D Power, Netherlands Vacuum Soc, PHILIPS Analyt X Ray, Sandia Natl Lab, SIEMENS Energieubertrag & Energieverteil AG, TOSHIBA
HO EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL
DE anode sheath; anode voltage; arc current compression; free boundary;
plasma expansion; plasma flow compression; small anode; vacuum arc
plasma jet
ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; PARAMETERS; DISCHARGE; JET
AB act--A low-density plasma dow in a vacuum are with a small anode, which intercepts only part of the cathodic plasma jet, was studied theoretically using a two-dimensional approximation. The plasma expansion was modeled using the sourceless steady-state hydrodynamic equations, where the free boundary of the plasma was determined by a self-consistent solution of the gasdynamic and electrical current equations. Magnetic forces from the azimuthal self-magnetic field were taken into account. The influence of the ratio of the anode radius to initial plasma jet radius on the plasma density, velocity, current distribution, and anode sheath potential drop is analyzed. It is shown that the mass and current flow in a 500 A are are compressed near the axis. This leads to an increase in the plasma density by a factor of two and in the axial current density by a factor of 1.5.
C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Elect Discharge & Plasma Lab, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Beilis, II (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Elect Discharge & Plasma Lab, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
NR 11
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 27
IS 4
BP 872
EP 876
DI 10.1109/27.782252
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 227DX
UT WOS:000082064000010
ER
PT J
AU Schulke, T
Anders, A
AF Schulke, T
Anders, A
TI Ion charge state distributions of alloy-cathode vacuum arc plasmas
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation
in Vacuum (ISDEIV)
CY AUG 17-21, 1998
CL EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL, EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS
SP ABB Calor Emag Schaltanlagen AG, Eindhoven Univ Technol, HOLEC Middenspanning BV, IEEE Dielectr & Elect Insulat Soc, KEMA T&D Power, Netherlands Vacuum Soc, PHILIPS Analyt X Ray, Sandia Natl Lab, SIEMENS Energieubertrag & Energieverteil AG, TOSHIBA
HO EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL
AB Ion charge state distributions (CSD's) of alloy-cathode vacuum are plasmas have been calculated under the assumption that thermodynamic equilibrium is valid in the vicinity of the cathode spot, and equilibrium CSD's "freeze" when the plasma is rapidly expanding. In this way, experimental data of titanium-hafnium alloy-cathode plasmas have been simulated using a system of Saha equations generalized for multiple elements. It was found that the CSD's of titanium and hafnium freeze approximately at the same plasma temperature and density, The freezing parameters depend slightly on the plasma composition. For the example considered, freezing occurs at temperature of T = 3.0-3.8 eV and a total heavy particle density of order 10(25) m(-3).
C1 Fraunhofer Resource Ctr Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Fraunhofer Resource Ctr Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM aanders@lbl.gov
RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009
OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505
NR 13
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
EI 1939-9375
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 27
IS 4
BP 911
EP 914
DI 10.1109/27.782259
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 227DX
UT WOS:000082064000017
ER
PT J
AU Monteiro, OR
Anders, A
AF Monteiro, OR
Anders, A
TI Vacuum-arc-generated macroparticles in the nanometer range
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation
in Vacuum (ISDEIV)
CY AUG 17-21, 1998
CL EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL, EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS
SP ABB Calor Emag Schaltanlagen AG, Eindhoven Univ Technol, HOLEC Middenspanning BV, IEEE Dielectr & Elect Insulat Soc, KEMA T&D Power, Netherlands Vacuum Soc, PHILIPS Analyt X Ray, Sandia Natl Lab, SIEMENS Energieubertrag & Energieverteil AG, TOSHIBA
HO EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL
ID DEPOSITION; TRANSPORT
AB Micron and submicron "macroparticles" are produced along with the plasma at vacuum are cathode spots. Published data refer to the sim range 0.2-100 mu m The lower limit is determined by the resolution of the equipment used (usually scanning electron microscopes). In the present study we focus on the detection and characterization of nanosize macroparticles ("nanoparticles") using atomic force microscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy, New information is gathered on material-dependent size distribution functions as well as on the effectiveness of magnetic filtering for nanoparticles.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Monteiro, OR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009
OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505
NR 14
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 27
IS 4
BP 1030
EP 1033
DI 10.1109/27.782276
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 227DX
UT WOS:000082064000034
ER
PT J
AU Anders, A
AF Anders, A
TI Plasma fluctuations, local partial Saha equilibrium, and the broadening
of vacuum-arc ion charge state distributions
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation
in Vacuum (ISDEIV)
CY AUG 17-21, 1998
CL EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL, EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS
SP ABB Calor Emag Schaltanlagen AG, Eindhoven Univ Technol, HOLEC Middenspanning BV, IEEE Dielectr & Elect Insulat Soc, KEMA T&D Power, Netherlands Vacuum Soc, PHILIPS Analyt X Ray, Sandia Natl Lab, SIEMENS Energieubertrag & Energieverteil AG, TOSHIBA
HO EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL
ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; ALLOY CATHODES; PULSE; BEAMS
AB Charge state distributions (CSD's) of Fe, Co, Zr, Nh, Hf, Ag, Pt, Au ions produced at vacuum are cathode spots are investigated without often-used averaging procedures. Statistical results are used to evaluate the contribution of fluctuations to the broadening of averaged CSD's, Calculations of Saha equations in the Debye-Huckel approximation are often successful in replicating experimental CSD's even when using the simple model of "instantaneous freezing." This allows us to use charge state spectrometry as a plasma diagnostic tool for the dense plasma near tbe cathode spot. Typically, total heavy particle (atoms and ions) densities and electron temperatures of 10(24)-10(25) m(-3) and 3-4 eV have been measured this way at the transition zone from equilibrium to nonequilibrium, the "event horizon." It was also found that CSD's for some elements such as Co, Ag, and Hf could not be accurately simulated with the assumption of instantaneous freezing. Here, a more gradual transition to nonequilibrium occurs. This transition can be described by the model of partial local Saha equilibrium. Finally, an axial magnetic field was found to soften the transition to nonequilibrium thus causing broadening of experimental CSD's.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM aanders@lbl.gov
RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009
OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505
NR 33
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
EI 1939-9375
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 27
IS 4
BP 1060
EP 1067
DI 10.1109/27.782282
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 227DX
UT WOS:000082064000040
ER
PT J
AU Goncharov, AA
Gubarev, SM
Dobrovolskii, AN
Protsenko, IM
Litovko, IV
Brown, IG
AF Goncharov, AA
Gubarev, SM
Dobrovolskii, AN
Protsenko, IM
Litovko, IV
Brown, IG
TI Moderate energy metal ion beam focusing by a high-current plasma lens
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation
in Vacuum (ISDEIV)
CY AUG 17-21, 1998
CL EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL, EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS
SP ABB Calor Emag Schaltanlagen AG, Eindhoven Univ Technol, HOLEC Middenspanning BV, IEEE Dielectr & Elect Insulat Soc, KEMA T&D Power, Netherlands Vacuum Soc, PHILIPS Analyt X Ray, Sandia Natl Lab, SIEMENS Energieubertrag & Energieverteil AG, TOSHIBA
HO EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL
DE high current; ion beams; ion focusing; ion optics; plasma lens
AB Some features of the electrostatic plasma lens as applied to the focusing of moderate-energy, high-current, wide-aperture metal ion beams have been investigated and are described here. Static characteristics within the plasma lens volume have been explored, It is shown that when the potentials applied to the lens electrodes are held constant, the electric field increase with increasing ion beam current is limited by the increase of the potential in the paraxial region of the beam. Some estimates are made of the limiting static electric fields that can be obtained in the plasma lens, based on a quasi-neutral, two-component plasma model with anomalous electron mobility, where it is assumed that the anomalous mobility is caused by the absence of electron correlations when vortex-like structures appear in the hydrodynamically unstable plasma. The results of a theoretical analysis are compared with experimental data. Some results of experiments on the focusing of high-current, large-area, heavy metal ion beams are also presented.
C1 NASU, Inst Phys, UA-252650 Kiev, Ukraine.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Goncharov, AA (reprint author), NASU, Inst Phys, UA-252650 Kiev, Ukraine.
RI Dobrovol`s`kii, Andrii/C-7626-2015
OI Dobrovol`s`kii, Andrii/0000-0001-9917-522X
NR 6
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 27
IS 4
BP 1068
EP 1072
DI 10.1109/27.782283
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 227DX
UT WOS:000082064000041
ER
PT J
AU Verhoeven, TGA
Bongers, WA
Bratman, VL
Caplan, M
Denisov, GG
van der Geer, CAJ
Manintveld, P
Poelman, AJ
Plomp, J
Savilov, AV
Smeets, PHM
Sterk, AB
Urbanus, WH
AF Verhoeven, TGA
Bongers, WA
Bratman, VL
Caplan, M
Denisov, GG
van der Geer, CAJ
Manintveld, P
Poelman, AJ
Plomp, J
Savilov, AV
Smeets, PHM
Sterk, AB
Urbanus, WH
TI First mm-wave generation in the FOM free electron maser
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation
in Vacuum (ISDEIV)
CY AUG 17-21, 1998
CL EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL, EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS
SP ABB Calor Emag Schaltanlagen AG, Eindhoven Univ Technol, HOLEC Middenspanning BV, IEEE Dielectr & Elect Insulat Soc, KEMA T&D Power, Netherlands Vacuum Soc, PHILIPS Analyt X Ray, Sandia Natl Lab, SIEMENS Energieubertrag & Energieverteil AG, TOSHIBA
HO EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL
DE free electron lasers; masers; microwave generation; microwave power
transmission; microwave tubes; millimeter wave generation; millimeter
wave tubes
ID FEM OSCILLATOR; SIMULATIONS; FUSION; PERFORMANCE; GHZ
AB A free electron maser (FEM) has been built as a pilot mm-wave source for applications on future fusion research devices such as international tokamak experimental reactor (ITER), A unique feature of the Dutch FEM is the possibility to tune the frequency over the entire range from 130 to 260 GHz at an output power exceeding one MW, In the first phase of the project, the so-called inverse setup is used, where the electron gun is mounted inside the high-voltage terminal. The entire beam line was tested successfully with an extremely low loss current, lower than 0.05 %, First generation of mm waves was achieved in October 1997, Up to now a peak power exceeding 730 kW was measured at 200 GHz and 350 kW at 167 GNz, Output power, start-up time and frequency correspond well with simulation results, Parameter scans for the longitudinal undulator gap, accelerator voltage, and reflection coefficient have given a wide range of interesting data of which a few highlights are given.
C1 EURATOM, FOM, Inst Plasmafys Rijnhuizen, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603600, Russia.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Verhoeven, TGA (reprint author), EURATOM, FOM, Inst Plasmafys Rijnhuizen, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 27
IS 4
BP 1084
EP 1091
DI 10.1109/27.782286
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 227DX
UT WOS:000082064000044
ER
PT J
AU Bradley, JT
Gahl, JM
Rockett, PD
AF Bradley, JT
Gahl, JM
Rockett, PD
TI Diagnostics and analysis of incident and vapor shield plasmas in PLADIS
I, a coaxial deflagration gun for tokamak disruption simulation
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation
in Vacuum (ISDEIV)
CY AUG 17-21, 1998
CL EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL, EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS
SP ABB Calor Emag Schaltanlagen AG, Eindhoven Univ Technol, HOLEC Middenspanning BV, IEEE Dielectr & Elect Insulat Soc, KEMA T&D Power, Netherlands Vacuum Soc, PHILIPS Analyt X Ray, Sandia Natl Lab, SIEMENS Energieubertrag & Energieverteil AG, TOSHIBA
HO EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL
DE ablation; cooperative tokamak disruption simulation experiments; dense
vapor shield; disruption-like heat flux; energy fluxes; graphite
erosion; graphites; heat load material; impurity content; ITER program;
PLADIS plasma gun simulator; plasma diagnostics; plasma facing
components; plasma facing component materials; plasma flow; plasma
stream impact; plasma wall interactions; tokamak disruption; tokamak
disruption simulation experiments; tokamak disruption simulations;
transmission grating; vacuum ultraviolet spectrographs
ID HEAT LOAD MATERIAL
AB Tokamak disruption simulation experiments have been conducted at the University of New Mexico using the PLADIS I plasma gun system. Earlier work had characterized the plasma-surface interaction in terms of parameters such as incident energy from bucket calorimeter measurements and rough measurements of beam area from flat damage targets. A variety of new plasma diagnostics have been used to further investigate the characteristics of the incident plasma beam and vapor shield plasma in a simulated tokamak disruption. These diagnostics have included laser interferometry, two-color pyrometry, emission spectroscopy, and other methods to quantify the characteristics of the incident and vapor shield plasmas of a simulated tokamak disruption. The synthesis of different beam area measurement techniques is used to determine the radial structure of the plasma beam. Vacuum ultra violet spectroscopy is used to determine the thickness and internal structure of the vapor shield plasma. Results from two-color optical pyrometry and surface pressure measurements are used to determine the dynamics of vapor shield formation.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Bradley, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 27
IS 4
BP 1105
EP 1114
DI 10.1109/27.782290
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 227DX
UT WOS:000082064000048
ER
PT J
AU Bilek, MMM
Anders, A
Brown, IG
AF Bilek, MMM
Anders, A
Brown, IG
TI Characterization of a linear venetian-blind macroparticle filter for
cathodic vacuum arcs
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT XVIIIth International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation
in Vacuum (ISDEIV)
CY AUG 17-21, 1998
CL EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL, EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS
SP ABB Calor Emag Schaltanlagen AG, Eindhoven Univ Technol, HOLEC Middenspanning BV, IEEE Dielectr & Elect Insulat Soc, KEMA T&D Power, Netherlands Vacuum Soc, PHILIPS Analyt X Ray, Sandia Natl Lab, SIEMENS Energieubertrag & Energieverteil AG, TOSHIBA
HO EINDHOVEN UNIV TECHNOL
DE coatings; plasma arc devices; plasmas; vacuum arcs
ID DEPOSITION; TRANSPORT; PLASMAS; ION
AB The cathodic vacuum are is a simple means of creating a highly ionized metal or carbon plasma, which can be used to produce a wide variety of metal and metal compound thin films. In order to produce smooth, defect-free films suitable for optical and electronic applications, the plasma needs to be filtered of micrometer-sized molten and solid cathode debris known as macroparticles, To date, most of the research effort on plasma filtering has been focused on development and optimization of magnetic filter designs based on curved solenoids, Ryabchikov et al, proposed and employed novel filter designs for a combined plasma and ion beam source. The new designs are based on a nested set of conical plates in one version and a set of angled plates ("venetian blind") in another. In the present work, we report on a detailed characterization of the operation of a filter employing a linear venetian blind geometry. The effects of parameters such as plate and are currents, as well as plate bias on the throughput and deposition profile are reported.
C1 Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Bilek, MMM (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England.
RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009
OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505
NR 12
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 27
IS 4
BP 1197
EP 1202
DI 10.1109/27.782300
PG 6
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 227DX
UT WOS:000082064000058
ER
PT J
AU Hauer, JF
AF Hauer, JF
TI Model validation for the August 10, 1996 WSCC system outage - Discussion
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Hauer, JF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0885-8950
J9 IEEE T POWER SYST
JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 14
IS 3
BP 976
EP 977
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 221FF
UT WOS:000081712900045
ER
PT J
AU Hauer, JF
Trudnowski, DJ
AF Hauer, JF
Trudnowski, DJ
TI Performance comparison of three identification methods for the analysis
of electromechanical oscillations - Discussion
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID MODELS; ORDER
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Montana Tech, Butte, MT 59701 USA.
RP Hauer, JF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0885-8950
J9 IEEE T POWER SYST
JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 14
IS 3
BP 1002
EP 1002
PG 1
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 221FF
UT WOS:000081712900055
ER
PT J
AU Grigg, C
Wong, P
Albrecht, P
Allan, R
Bhavaraju, M
Billinton, R
Chen, Q
Fong, C
Haddad, S
Kuruganty, S
Li, W
Mukerji, R
Patton, D
Rau, N
Reppen, D
Schneider, A
Shahidehpour, M
Singh, C
AF Grigg, C
Wong, P
Albrecht, P
Allan, R
Bhavaraju, M
Billinton, R
Chen, Q
Fong, C
Haddad, S
Kuruganty, S
Li, W
Mukerji, R
Patton, D
Rau, N
Reppen, D
Schneider, A
Shahidehpour, M
Singh, C
CA Reliability Test System Task Force
TI The IEEE reliability test system - 1996
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1996 IEEE / PES Winter Meeting
CY JAN 21-25, 1996
CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND
SP IEEE, PES
AB This report describes an enhanced test system (RTS-96) for use in bulk power system reliability evaluation studies. The value of the test system Is that ie will permit comparative and benchmark studies to be performed on new and existing reliability evaluation techniques. The test system was developed by modifying and updating the original IEEE RTS (referred to as RTS-79 hereafter) to reflect changes in evaluation methodologies and to overcame perceived deficiencies.
C1 Rose Hulman Inst Technol, Terre Haute, IN 47803 USA.
NEPEX, Operat Planning & Procedures, Holyoke, MA USA.
GE, Schenectady, NY 12301 USA.
UMIST, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England.
Publ Serv Elect & Gas Co, Long Range Resource Planning, Newark, NJ 07101 USA.
Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
NEPLAN, Power Supply Planning, Holyoke, MA USA.
Ontario Hydro, Operat, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Sargent & Lundy, Elect Anal Div, Chicago, IL USA.
Univ N Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA.
BC Hydro, Analyt Studies, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
NREL, Golden, CO USA.
Power Technol Inc, Reliabil & Secur, Schenectady, NY 12301 USA.
MAIN Coordinat Ctr, Lombard, IL USA.
IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
RP Grigg, C (reprint author), Rose Hulman Inst Technol, Terre Haute, IN 47803 USA.
NR 5
TC 772
Z9 842
U1 6
U2 35
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA
SN 0885-8950
J9 IEEE T POWER SYST
JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 14
IS 3
BP 1010
EP 1018
DI 10.1109/59.780914
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 221FF
UT WOS:000081712900058
ER
PT J
AU Li, SG
Jin, WQ
Huang, P
Xu, NP
Shi, J
Lin, YS
Hu, MZC
Payzant, EA
AF Li, SG
Jin, WQ
Huang, P
Xu, NP
Shi, J
Lin, YS
Hu, MZC
Payzant, EA
TI Comparison of oxygen permeability and stability of perovskite type
La(0.2)A(0.8)Co(0.2)Fe(0.8)O(3-delta) (A = Sr, Ba, Ca) membranes
SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTIAL OXIDATION; CERAMIC MEMBRANES; DENSE PEROVSKITE; PERMEATION FLUX;
METHANE; REACTORS; SYNGAS; TRANSPORT; OXIDES
AB The oxygen permeation and stability of La(0.2)A(0.8)Co(0.2)Fe(0.8)O(3-delta) (A = Sr, Ba, Ca) perovskite-type membranes were studied at high temperatures and low oxygen partial pressures. The oxygen vacancy diffusivity and concentration gradient calculated from the unsteady-state and steady-state oxygen data for the three membranes decrease in the order of Sr > Ba > Ca. The activation energies for oxygen permeation increase in the order of Sr < Ba < Ca. The oxygen permeation data of the three membranes can be explained by the average bond energy, free volume, and critical radius of the materials. After exposure to air at 1173 K for 10 h, part of La0.2Sr0.8Co0.2Fe0.8O3-delta transforms to La2O3, SrO, CoO, and Fe and the crystallite size of the perovskite phase decreases. These changes were not observed for La0.2Ba0.8Co0.2Fe0.8O3-delta under the same conditions, indicating that La0.2Ba0.8Co0.2Fe0.8O3-delta membrane is much more stable than La0.2Sr0.8Co0.2Fe0.8O3-delta at high temperatures and low oxygen partial pressures.
C1 Nanjing Inst Chem Technol, Membrane Sci & Technol Res Ctr, Nanjing 210009, Peoples R China.
Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Xu, NP (reprint author), Nanjing Inst Chem Technol, Membrane Sci & Technol Res Ctr, Nanjing 210009, Peoples R China.
RI Payzant, Edward/B-5449-2009; Lin, Jerry/F-1235-2010; Jin,
Wanqin/L-6011-2013
OI Payzant, Edward/0000-0002-3447-2060; Lin, Jerry/0000-0001-5905-8336;
NR 41
TC 61
Z9 62
U1 0
U2 26
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0888-5885
J9 IND ENG CHEM RES
JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 8
BP 2963
EP 2972
DI 10.1021/ie9900014
PG 10
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA 224CF
UT WOS:000081878400013
ER
PT J
AU Neal, TJ
Cheng, BS
Ma, JG
Shelnutt, JA
Schulz, CE
Scheidt, WR
AF Neal, TJ
Cheng, BS
Ma, JG
Shelnutt, JA
Schulz, CE
Scheidt, WR
TI Conformational diversity in
(octaethylporphinato)(trichloroacetato)iron(III) derivatives
SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE crystal structures; iron complexes; porphyrin complexes
ID NONPLANAR HEME DISTORTIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SPIN-STATE; MOLECULAR
STEREOCHEMISTRY; PORPHYRINS; MACROCYCLE; HEMOPROTEINS; PERCHLORATE;
COMPLEXES; PROTEIN
AB Treatment of [Fe(OEP)](2)O with trichloroacetic acid (2.5-fold excess) results in the formation of (octaethylporphinato)(trichloroacetato)iron(III). Various crystalline solvates can be isolated, depending on the crystallization solvent. Initial crystallization with CHCl3/hexanes resulted in the isolation of a monoclinic (P2(1)/n, Z = 4) unsolvated form, [Fe(OEP)(O2C2Cl3)]. This form contains two distinct porphyrin core conformations at the same lattice site; one is domed and the other is ruffled. Subsequent crystallizations with CHCl3/hexanes resulted in a new triclinic (P (1) over bar, Z=2) crystalline form, [Fe(OEP)(O2C2CL2)]. CHCl3; the porphyrin core is slightly ruffled. Crystallization with CH,Cl,/hexanes resulted in the isolation of yet another form (triclinic, P (1) over bar, Z = 4), [Fe(OEP)(O2C2Cl3)]. HO2C2Cl3, which contains two independent molecules in the unit cell; molecule A is modestly ruffled and molecule B is slightly saddled. All conformations form pi--pi: dimers in the solid state. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements showed that [Fe(OEP)(O2C2Cl3)]. CHCl3 contains a high-spin iron(III) center; the data for [Fe(OEP)(O2C2Cl3)]. HO2C2Cl3 are understood in terms of an admired intermediate-spin state (S = 3/2, 5/2) and are readily fit to a Maltempo model with a ground state multiplet containing about 78% S = 5/2 character and 22% S = 3/2 character. The structural data for [Fe(OEP)(O2C2Cl3)]. CHCl3 are consistent with the observed high-spin state, while data for [Fe(OEP)(O2C2Cl3)]. HO2C2Cl3 are consistent with the admired-spin iron(III) character. The observed core conformations have been described by a normal-coordinate structural decomposition method. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Theory & Computat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Knox Coll, Dept Phys, Galesburg, IL 61401 USA.
RP Scheidt, WR (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, 251 Nieuwland Sci Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
RI Shelnutt, John/A-9987-2009
OI Shelnutt, John/0000-0001-7368-582X
NR 38
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0020-1693
J9 INORG CHIM ACTA
JI Inorg. Chim. Acta
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 291
IS 1-2
BP 49
EP 59
DI 10.1016/S0020-1693(99)00025-0
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 227XG
UT WOS:000082104800005
ER
PT J
AU Yang, ZJ
Hull, JR
AF Yang, ZJ
Hull, JR
TI Magnetic fields of cylindrical coils
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETICS AND MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetic field; magnetic force; magnetic bearing
AB Using mathematical transforms, we present an improved method to compute magnetic fields from current coils with cylindrical symmetry. For some typical model systems, the closed-forms are given for the convenience of use in engineering design. The method we present can generally be used to calculate magnetic field distributions for practical engineering designs with greater efficiency than conventional methods. This method can potentially be applied to other physical problems, such as deriving gravitational potential.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 8
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA VAN DIEMENSTRAAT 94, 1013 CN AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-5416
J9 INT J APPL ELECTROM
JI Int. J. Appl. Electromagn. Mech.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 10
IS 4
BP 351
EP 367
PG 17
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Mechanics; Physics
GA 220WY
UT WOS:000081692300006
ER
PT J
AU Chang, SJ
AF Chang, SJ
TI Near threshold fatigue curve based on the dislocation free zone model of
fracture
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE near threshold fatigue curve; dislocation free zone; fracture
ID SCREW DISLOCATIONS; INCLINED PILEUP; CRACK TIP
AB Dislocation pileup along an inclined direction from a crack tip has been observed in metals during tensile deformation in an electron microscope. Dislocations are emitted from the crack tip, move through a dislocation free zone, and pile up in the plastic zone. The problem of inclined pileup of screw dislocations at a crack tip with a dislocation free zone has been solved by applying the Wiener-Hopf method. The result can be used to calculate the crack tip blunting and the local stress intensity K for the applied stress intensity K-3. According to the fatigue theory of Laird or Neumann, the crack propagation per cycle has the order of magnitude of the blunting. The blunting versus K-3 is then plotted. It has the shape of the near threshold fatigue curve. To plot this curve, the local stress intensity K has been assumed to be the critical value K-g for the dislocation emission at the crack tip. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Res Reactors Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Chang, SJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Res Reactors Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0020-7225
J9 INT J ENG SCI
JI Int. J. Eng. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 37
IS 10
BP 1289
EP 1298
DI 10.1016/S0020-7225(98)00124-4
PG 10
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering
GA 205DF
UT WOS:000080805500004
ER
PT J
AU Steinberg, M
AF Steinberg, M
TI Fossil fuel decarbonization technology for mitigating global warming
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
AB It has been understood that production of hydrogen from fossil and carbonaceous fuels with reduced CO2 emission to the atmosphere is key to the production of hydrogen-rich fuels for mitigating the CO2 greenhouse gas climate change problem. The conventional methods of hydrogen production from fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas and biomass) include steam reforming and water gas shift mainly of natural gas (SRM). In order to suppress CO2 emission from the steam reforming process, CO2 must be concentrated and sequestered either in or under the ocean or in or underground tin aquifers, or depleted oil or gas wells). Up to about 40% of the energy is lost in this process. An alternative process is the pyrolysis or the thermal decomposition of methane, natural gas (TDM) to hydrogen and carbon. The carbon can either be sequestered or sold on the market as a materials commodity or used as a fuel at a later date under less severe CO2 restraints. The energy sequestered in the carbon amounts to about 42% of the energy in the natural gas resource which is stored and not destroyed. A comparison is made between the well developed conventional SRM and the less developed TDM process including technological status, efficiency, carbon management and cost. The TDM process appears to have advantages over the well developed SRM process. It is much easier to sequester carbon as a stable solid than CO2 as a reactive gas or low temperature liquid. It is also possible to reduce cost by marketing the carbon as a filler or construction material, The potential benefits of the TDM process justifies its further efficient development. The hydrogen can be used as a transportation fuel or converted to methanol by reaction with CO2 from fossil fuel fired power plant stack gases, thus allowing reuse of the carbon in conventional IC automobile engines or in advanced fuel cell vehicles. (C) 1999 International Association for Hydrogen Energy. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Steinberg, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 15
TC 152
Z9 155
U1 5
U2 31
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-3199
J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG
JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 24
IS 8
BP 771
EP 777
DI 10.1016/S0360-3199(98)00128-1
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA 224CM
UT WOS:000081879200009
ER
PT J
AU Malov, DE
Umar, AS
Ernst, DJ
Dean, DJ
AF Malov, DE
Umar, AS
Ernst, DJ
Dean, DJ
TI Particle identification in the dynamical string-parton model of
relativistic heavy-ion collisions
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; FLUX-TUBE; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; JET FRAGMENTATION;
PHYSICS; QUARK
AB The dynamical string-parton model for relativistic heavy-ion collisions is generalized to include particle identification of the final-state hadrons by phenomenologically quantizing the masses of the classical strings which result from string breaking. General features of the Nambu-Goto strings are used to motivate a model that identifies a mass window near the physical mass of a meson, and does not allow the string to decay further if its mass falls within the window. Data from e(+)e(-) collisions in the region root s = 10 to 30 GeV are well reproduced by this model.
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
RI Umar, Ahmet/J-4125-2013;
OI Umar, Ahmet/0000-0002-9267-5253; Dean, David/0000-0002-5688-703X
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0218-3013
EI 1793-6608
J9 INT J MOD PHYS E
JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 8
IS 4
BP 299
EP 309
DI 10.1142/S0218301399000215
PG 11
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 244ZN
UT WOS:000083080800001
ER
PT J
AU Borcea, L
Berryman, JG
Papanicolaou, GC
AF Borcea, L
Berryman, JG
Papanicolaou, GC
TI Matching pursuit for imaging high-contrast conductivity
SO INVERSE PROBLEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY; VARIATIONAL CONSTRAINTS; INVERSE
PROBLEMS; NUMERICAL-METHOD; POSED PROBLEMS; L-CURVE; UNIQUENESS;
STABILITY
AB We show that imaging an isotropic, high contrast, conductive medium is asymptotically equivalent to the identification of a unique resistor network, given measurements of currents and voltages at the boundary. We show that a matching pursuit approach can be used effectively towards the numerical solution of the high-contrast imaging problem, if the library of functions is constructed carefully and in accordance with the asymptotic theory. We also show how other libraries of functions that at first glance seem reasonable, in fact, do not work well. When the contrast in the conductivity is not so high, we show that wavelets can be used, especially nonorthogonal wavelet libraries. However, the library of functions that is based on the high-contrast asymptotic theory is more robust, even for intermediate contrasts, and especially so in the presence of noise.
C1 Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Stanford Univ, Dept Math, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Borcea, L (reprint author), Rice Univ, MS 134,6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
EM borcea@caam.rice.edu; berryman@s123.es.llnl.gov;
papanicolaou@stanford.edu
RI Berryman, James/A-9712-2008
NR 42
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0266-5611
EI 1361-6420
J9 INVERSE PROBL
JI Inverse Probl.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 15
IS 4
BP 811
EP 849
DI 10.1088/0266-5611/15/4/301
PG 39
WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical
SC Mathematics; Physics
GA 240AF
UT WOS:000082802900001
ER
PT J
AU Eiden, GC
Barinaga, CJ
Koppenaal, DW
AF Eiden, GC
Barinaga, CJ
Koppenaal, DW
TI Analytical performance of the plasma source RF quadrupole ion trap in
elemental and isotopic MS
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RESONANCE EJECTION; RESOLUTION; REMOVAL; FIELD
AB Recent progress in the development of ion trap ICP-MS instrumentation is presented in terms of performance figures of merit for trace elemental and isotopic analysis. Conventional polyatomic ion interferences are avoided altogether using collisional dissociation techniques inherent to ion trap operation. The current detection limits are in the low pg mL(-1) range, as obtained over extended mass scans using multi-element solutions. The dynamic range linearity is nearly six orders of magnitude using variable injection times to control ion density in the trap. The abundance sensitivity is 10(5) to 10(6) using selective ion monitoring. Other performance figures approach or exceed those of conventional linear quadrupole based ICP-MS instrumentation.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Koppenaal, DW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS P7-07, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 22
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 4
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD,, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0267-9477
J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM
JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 14
IS 8
BP 1129
EP 1132
DI 10.1039/a806433d
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 229LP
UT WOS:000082196300004
ER
PT J
AU You, H
AF You, H
TI Angle calculations for a '4S+2D' six-circle diffractometer
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY DIFFRACTOMETER; SURFACE; DIFFRACTION
AB Angle calculations are derived for the operation of a '4S+2D' six-circle X-ray or neutron diffractometer. The six degrees of freedom [four sample-orienting ('4S') and two detector-orienting ('2D')] of the diffractometer are used to control the scattering vector and a reference vector in the laboratory frame of reference. Several modes of operation unavailable in other types of diffractometer are presented.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP You, H (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI You, Hoydoo/A-6201-2011
OI You, Hoydoo/0000-0003-2996-9483
NR 10
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 11
PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD
PI COPENHAGEN
PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 32
BP 614
EP 623
DI 10.1107/S0021889899001223
PN 4
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 225LW
UT WOS:000081963900004
ER
PT J
AU Wark, JS
Lee, RW
AF Wark, JS
Lee, RW
TI Simulations of femtosecond X-ray diffraction from unperturbed and
rapidly heated single crystals
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
AB Simulations are presented of the dynamical diffraction of femtosecond pulses of X-rays from crystals whose structures are modified on similar time scales. Such simulations are of relevance to experiments in which short pulses of X-rays from synchrotron or laser sources are diffracted from rapidly laser-heated crystals.
C1 Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Wark, JS (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
NR 19
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 1
PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD
PI COPENHAGEN
PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 32
BP 692
EP 703
DI 10.1107/S0021889899002861
PN 4
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 225LW
UT WOS:000081963900012
ER
PT J
AU Dinnebier, RE
Von Dreele, R
Stephens, PW
Jelonek, S
Sieler, J
AF Dinnebier, RE
Von Dreele, R
Stephens, PW
Jelonek, S
Sieler, J
TI Structure of sodium para-hydroxybenzoate, NaO2C-C6H4OH by powder
diffraction: application of a phenomenological model of anisotropic peak
width
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BENZENE-DERIVATIVES; RIETVELD REFINEMENT;
MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; ACID; STRAIN; SIZE
AB The ab initio structure solution of sodium parahydroxybenzoate from high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction data is reported. The compound is of interest with respect to understanding the mechanism of Kolbe-Schmitt type reactions. It crystallizes in space group P2(1), Z = 2, with unit-cell parameters a = 16.0608(3), b = 5.38291 (9), c = 3.63834(6) Angstrom, beta = 92.8692(5)degrees and V = 314.153 Angstrom(3). The compound consists of layers of distorted NaO6 prisms perpendicular to the a axis and phenol rings perpendicular to these layers pointing up and down. The molecular structure is held together by van der Waals forces between the phenyl groups of different layers and additional hydrogen-bridge bonding between the phenolate oxygen atoms. The sample showed powder peak widths which are not a smooth function of diffraction angle; a recently implemented phenomenological model was able to describe this effect sufficiently well to obtain excellent Rietveld fits to the data. The accuracy of modeling the data makes this one of the rare cases where the position of a hydrogen atom could be unambiguously determined by powder techniques.
C1 Univ Bayreuth, Crystallog Lab, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Univ Leipzig, Inst Inorgan Chem, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
RP Dinnebier, RE (reprint author), Univ Bayreuth, Crystallog Lab, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
RI Dinnebier, Robert/B-5642-2015
OI Dinnebier, Robert/0000-0003-2778-2113
NR 38
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 2
U2 4
PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD
PI COPENHAGEN
PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 32
BP 761
EP 769
DI 10.1107/S0021889899005233
PN 4
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 225LW
UT WOS:000081963900019
ER
PT J
AU Hanson, BL
Martin, A
Harp, JM
Parrish, DA
Bunick, CG
Kirschbaum, K
Pinkerton, AA
Bunick, GJ
AF Hanson, BL
Martin, A
Harp, JM
Parrish, DA
Bunick, CG
Kirschbaum, K
Pinkerton, AA
Bunick, GJ
TI Use of an open-flow helium cryostat for macromolecular
cryocrystallography
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBONMONOXY-MYOGLOBIN; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTEIN
AB A helium cryostat developed at the University of Toledo has recently been described by Hardie, Kirschbaum, Martin & Pinkerton [J. Appl. Cryst. (1998), 31, 815-817]. This helium cooling system has now been tested on macromolecules, using crystals of chicken egg lysozyme and sperm whale myoglobin. Phase changes in terbium vanadate crystals indicate that temperatures delivered by the cryostat were less than 33 K. Unit-cell contraction in the protein crystals is consistent with the previously reported He data. Large crystals approaching suitability for neutron diffraction studies were successfully flash-cooled and a large crystal of lysozyme was rescued for data collection after undergoing a cycle of macromolecular crystal annealing (MCA) following poor hash-cooling. Comparison of diffraction data from sperm whale myoglobin crystals collected in both He and N-2 showed a 23% lower overall B factor for the He data. The results of these studies show that this device might be an especially useful adjunct both for neutron diffraction studies and at high-intensity synchrotron X-ray sources, in addition to its use in the standard macromolecular crystallography laboratory.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Toledo, Dept Chem, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Toledo, Dept Chem, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
RP Hanson, BL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Hanson, Bryant Leif/F-8007-2010;
OI Hanson, Bryant Leif/0000-0003-0345-3702; pinkerton,
alan/0000-0002-2239-1992
NR 16
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD
PI COPENHAGEN
PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 32
BP 814
EP 820
DI 10.1107/S0021889899005026
PN 4
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 225LW
UT WOS:000081963900025
ER
PT J
AU Whiteman, CD
Zhong, SY
Bian, XD
AF Whiteman, CD
Zhong, SY
Bian, XD
TI Wintertime boundary layer structure in the Grand Canyon
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AIR-QUALITY; VALLEY; SOUTHWEST; FLOWS; WINDS; BASIN
AB Wintertime temperature profiles in the Grand Canyon exhibit a neutral to isothermal stratification during both daytime and nighttime, with only rare instances of actual temperature inversions. The canyon warms during daytime and cools during nighttime more or less uniformly through the canyon's entire depth. This weak stability and temperature structure evolution differ from other Rocky Mountain valleys, which develop strong nocturnal inversions and exhibit convective and stable boundary layers that grow upward from the valley Boor. Mechanisms that may be responsible for the different behavior of the Grand Canyon are discussed, including the possibility that the canyon atmosphere is frequently mixed to near-neutral stratification when cold air drains into the top of the canyon from the nearby snow-covered Kaibab Plateau. Another feature of canyon temperature profiles is the sharp inversions that often form near the canyon rims. These are generally produced when warm air is advected over the canyon in advance of passing synoptic-scale ridges.
Wintertime winds in the main canyon are not classical diurnal along-valley wind systems. Rather, they are driven along the canyon axis by the horizontal synoptic-scale pressure gradient that is superimposed along the canyon's axis by passing synoptic-scale weather disturbances. They may thus bring winds into the canyon from either end at any time of day.
The implications of the observed canyon boundary layer structure for air pollution dispersion are discussed.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Pacific NW Lab, K9-30,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Dave.Whiteman@pnl.gov
NR 45
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8763
J9 J APPL METEOROL
JI J. Appl. Meteorol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 8
BP 1084
EP 1102
DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1999)038<1084:WBLSIT>2.0.CO;2
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 233BR
UT WOS:000082406100005
ER
PT J
AU Whiteman, CD
Bian, XD
Zhong, SY
AF Whiteman, CD
Bian, XD
Zhong, SY
TI Wintertime evolution of the temperature inversion in the Colorado
Plateau basin
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOS-ANGELES BASIN; BOUNDARY-LAYER EVOLUTION; 3-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS;
POLLUTANT TRANSPORT; CANYONLAND BASIN; STABLE LAYERS; MODEL;
CIRCULATIONS; TERRAIN; BUDGETS
AB The Colorado Plateau, surrounded by a ring of mountains, has the meteorological characteristics of a basin. Deep, persistent potential temperature inversions form in this basin in winter. The formation, maintenance, and dissipation of these inversions are investigated using two to four times daily radiosonde data from the winter and early spring of 1989-90. In winter, inversion evolution is forced primarily by synoptic-scale events. The buildup takes place over one or more days as warm air advection occurs above the basin with the approach of high pressure ridges. The breakup, which occurs with cold air advection above the basin as troughs approach, can occur over periods less than 12 h. Many approaching troughs modulate inversion strength and depth but are too weak to destroy the persistent inversion. Later in the winter and spring, the radiation-induced nocturnal inversion is destroyed nearly every day by the daytime growth of convective boundary layers from the basin floor and sidewalls.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Whiteman, CD (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, K9-30,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 45
TC 67
Z9 67
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8763
J9 J APPL METEOROL
JI J. Appl. Meteorol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 8
BP 1103
EP 1117
DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1999)038<1103:WEOTTI>2.0.CO;2
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 233BR
UT WOS:000082406100006
ER
PT J
AU Whiteman, CD
Bian, XD
Sutherland, JL
AF Whiteman, CD
Bian, XD
Sutherland, JL
TI Wintertime surface wind patterns in the Colorado River valley
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DRAINAGE WINDS; ENERGY BUDGET
AB The diurnal variation of regional wind patterns in the complex terrain of the Grand Canyon area was investigated for wintertime fair weather days using a network of wind sensors on 10-m towers. Thermally driven along-slope and along-valley circulations were present at all sites within the region, but wind characteristics varied from site to site depending on nearby topography and exposure. Along the Colorado River upstream from the Grand Canyon, a series of subbasins produce a regional circulation system characterized by convergence of low-level air into the subbasins at night and divergence of air from the subbasins during the day. Contrary to valley wind theory expectations. locations down valley from the subbasin centers experience up-valley winds during nighttime: and down-valley winds during daytime.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Whiteman, CD (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, K9-20,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 21
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8763
J9 J APPL METEOROL
JI J. Appl. Meteorol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 8
BP 1118
EP 1130
DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1999)038<1118:WSWPIT>2.0.CO;2
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 233BR
UT WOS:000082406100007
ER
PT J
AU Kaufmann, P
Whiteman, CD
AF Kaufmann, P
Whiteman, CD
TI Cluster-analysis classification of wintertime wind patterns in the Grand
Canyon region
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATOLOGY; FIELDS
AB Twelve typical wintertime wind patterns for the Grand Canyon region were derived from a two-stage cluster analysis wind-field classification scheme. The wind measurements were collected by a surface network of 15 stations deployed for a period of approximately three months. The wind patterns are strongly influenced by the complex terrain of the region. The analyses relate the wind patterns to meteorological conditions, providing insight into the physical processes generating the wind fields. Most patterns have a distinct diurnal cycle, caused by thermally induced winds near the ground. They provide evidence that thermally forced flows are important in winter and are not easily overridden by ambient flows. Some patterns differ primarily in the ratio of high- and low-elevation site wind speeds, indicating the importance of decoupling of the low-elevation winds in this basin area from the stronger ambient winds.
C1 Univ Colorado, NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Kaufmann, P (reprint author), Swiss Meteorol Inst, POB 514, CH-8044 Zurich, Switzerland.
RI Kaufmann, Pirmin/C-4713-2012
OI Kaufmann, Pirmin/0000-0002-0873-598X
NR 13
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8763
J9 J APPL METEOROL
JI J. Appl. Meteorol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 38
IS 8
BP 1131
EP 1147
DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1999)038<1131:CACOWW>2.0.CO;2
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 233BR
UT WOS:000082406100008
ER
PT J
AU Keim, P
Klevytska, AM
Price, LB
Schupp, JM
Zinser, G
Smith, KL
Hugh-Jones, ME
Okinaka, R
Hill, KK
Jackson, PJ
AF Keim, P
Klevytska, AM
Price, LB
Schupp, JM
Zinser, G
Smith, KL
Hugh-Jones, ME
Okinaka, R
Hill, KK
Jackson, PJ
TI Molecular diversity in Bacillus anthracis
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Conference on Anthrax
CY SEP 07-10, 1998
CL UNIV PLYMOUTH, PLYMOUTH, ENGLAND
SP Soc Appl Microbiol, DERA, Chem & Biol Defence Sector, Ctr Appl Microbiol & Res, Federat European Microbiol Soc, Soc Gen Microbiol, US DOE, US Army Med Res & Mat Command
HO UNIV PLYMOUTH
ID GENETIC-VARIABILITY; REPEATS
AB Molecular typing of Bacillus anthracis is has been extremely difficult due to the lack of polymorphic DNA markers. We have identified nine novel variable number tandemly repeated loci from previously known amplified fragment length polymorphism markers or from the DNA sequence. In combination with the previously known vrrA locus, these markers provide discrimination power to genetically characterize B. anthracis isolates. The variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci are found in both gene coding (genic) and non-coding (non-genic) regions, The genic differences are 'in frame' and result in additions or deletion of amino acids to the predicted proteins. Due the rarity of molecular differences, the VNTR changes represent a significant portion of the genetic variation found within B. anthracis. This variation could represent an important adaptive mechanism. Marker similarity and differences among diverse isolates have identified seven major diversity groups that may represent the only world-wide B. anthracis clones. The lineages reconstructed using these data may reflect the dispersal and evolution of this pathogen.
C1 No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Keim, P (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RI Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010
NR 6
TC 56
Z9 62
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-5072
J9 J APPL MICROBIOL
JI J. Appl. Microbiol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 87
IS 2
BP 215
EP 217
DI 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00873.x
PG 3
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 237MJ
UT WOS:000082659900009
PM 10475952
ER
PT J
AU Okinaka, R
Cloud, K
Hampton, O
Hoffmaster, A
Hill, K
Keim, P
Koehler, T
Lamke, G
Kumano, S
Manter, D
Martinez, Y
Ricke, D
Svensson, R
Jackson, P
AF Okinaka, R
Cloud, K
Hampton, O
Hoffmaster, A
Hill, K
Keim, P
Koehler, T
Lamke, G
Kumano, S
Manter, D
Martinez, Y
Ricke, D
Svensson, R
Jackson, P
TI Sequence, assembly and analysis of pX01 and pX02
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Conference on Anthrax
CY SEP 07-10, 1998
CL UNIV PLYMOUTH, PLYMOUTH, ENGLAND
SP Soc Appl Microbiol, DERA, Chem & Biol Defence Sector, Ctr Appl Microbiol & Res, Federat European Microbiol Soc, Soc Gen Microbiol, US DOE, US Army Med Res & Mat Command
HO UNIV PLYMOUTH
AB Bacillus anthracis plasmids pX01 and pX02, harboured by the Sterne and Pasteur strains, respectively, have been sequenced by random 'shotgun' cloning and high throughout sequence analysis. These sequences have been assembled (Sequencher) to generate a circulate pX01 plasmid containing 181 656 bp and a single linear (gapped) pX02, contig containing at least 93.479 bp, Initial annotation suggests that the two plasmids combined contain at least 200 potential open reading frames (ORFs) with < 40% having significant similarity to sequences registered in open databases. Collectively, only; 118 566 bp of the pX01 DNA (65%) represent predicted coding regions. This value is similar to published gene densities for other plasmids and is indicative of the larger intergenic spaces in plasmids vs those found in the chromosomes of the parental microbes (85-93% gene density). A 70 kbp region including the toxin genes (cya, lef and pag) is distinct from the remainder of the pX01 sequence: (1) it has a lower gene density (58 as 70%) than the remaining ill kbp; (2) it contains all but one of the co-regulated transcriptional fusions identified by transposon mutagenesis (Hoffmaster and Koehler 1997) and (3) it contains a significantly higher proportion of positive BLAST scores (62 vs 20%) for putative ORFs, These data suggest different origins for the two regions of pX01.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Houston, TX USA.
RP Okinaka, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010
NR 4
TC 102
Z9 169
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-5072
J9 J APPL MICROBIOL
JI J. Appl. Microbiol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 87
IS 2
BP 261
EP 262
DI 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00883.x
PG 2
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 237MJ
UT WOS:000082659900019
PM 10475962
ER
PT J
AU Jackson, PJ
Hill, KK
Laker, MT
Ticknor, LO
Keim, P
AF Jackson, PJ
Hill, KK
Laker, MT
Ticknor, LO
Keim, P
TI Genetic comparison of Bacillus anthracis and its close relatives using
amplified fragment length polymorphism and polymerase chain reaction
analysis
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Conference on Anthrax
CY SEP 07-10, 1998
CL UNIV PLYMOUTH, PLYMOUTH, ENGLAND
SP Soc Appl Microbiol, DERA, Chem & Biol Defence Sector, Ctr Appl Microbiol & Res, Federat European Microbiol Soc, Soc Gen Microbiol, US DOE, US Army Med Res & Mat Command
HO UNIV PLYMOUTH
AB Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis allows a rapid, relatively simple analysis of a large portion of a microbial genome, providing information about the species and its phylogenetic relationship to other microbes (Vos et nl. 1995). The method simply surveys the genome for length and sequence polymorphisms. The AFLP pattern identified can be used for comparison to the genomes of other species. Unlike other methods, it does not rely on analysis of a single genetic locus that ma) bias the interpretation of results and does not require any prior knowledge of the targeted organism. Moreover, a standard set of reagents can be applied to any species without using species-specific information or molecular probes. We are using AFLP analysis to rapidly identify different bacterial species. A comparison of AFLP profiles generated from a large battery of Bacillus anthracis strains shows very little variability among different isolates (Keim et al. 1997). By contrast, there is a significant difference between AFLP profiles generated for any B. anthracis strain and even the most closely related Bacillus species. Sufficient variability is apparent among all known microbial species to allow phylogenetic anal! sis based on large numbers of genetically unlinked loci. These striking differences among AFLP profiles allow unambiguous identification of previously identified species and phylogenetic placement of newly characterized isolates relative to known species based on a large number of independent genetic loci. Data generated thus fat show that the method provides phylogenetic analyses that are consistent with other widely accepted phylogenetic methods. However, AFLP analysis provides a more detailed analysis of the targets and samples a much larger portion of the genome. Consequently, it provides an inexpensive, rapid means of characterizing microbial isolates to further differentiate among strains and closely related microbial species. Such information cannot be rapidly generated by other means.
AFLP sample analysis quickly generates a very large amount of molecular information about microbial genomes. However, this information cannot be analysed rapidly using manual methods. We are developing a large archive of electronic AFLP signatures that is being used to identify isolates collected from medical, veterinary, forensic and environmental samples. We are also developing the computational packages necessary to rapidly and unambiguously analyse the AFLP profiles and conduct a phylogenetic comparison of these data relative to information already in our database. We will use this archive and the associated algorithms to determine the species identity of previously uncharacterized isolates and place them phylogenetically relative to other microbes based on their AFLP signatures. This study provides significant new information about microbes with environmental, veterinary and medical significance. This information can be used in further studies to understand the relationships among these species and the factors that distinguish them from one another. It should also allow the identification of unique factors that contribute to important microbial traits, including pathogenicity and virulence.
We are also using AFLP data to identify, isolate and sequence DNA fragments that are unique to particular microbial species and strains. The fragment patterns and sequence information provide insights into the complexity and organization of bacterial genomes relative to one another. They also provide the information necessary for the development of species-specific polymerase chain reaction primers that can be used to interrogate complex samples for the presence of B. anthracis, other microbial pathogens or their remnants.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Mol Biol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Jackson, PJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Mol Biol Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010
NR 6
TC 47
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-5072
J9 J APPL MICROBIOL
JI J. Appl. Microbiol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 87
IS 2
BP 263
EP 269
DI 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00884.x
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 237MJ
UT WOS:000082659900020
PM 10475963
ER
PT J
AU Findikoglu, AT
Reagor, DW
Rasmussen, KO
Bishop, AR
Gronbech-Jensen, N
Jia, QX
Fan, Y
Kwon, C
Ostrovsky, LA
AF Findikoglu, AT
Reagor, DW
Rasmussen, KO
Bishop, AR
Gronbech-Jensen, N
Jia, QX
Fan, Y
Kwon, C
Ostrovsky, LA
TI Electrodynamic properties of coplanar waveguides made from
high-temperature superconducting YBa2Cu3O7-delta electrodes on nonlinear
dielectric SrTiO3 substrates
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILMS; TRANSMISSION-LINES; MICROWAVE DEVICES; DISPERSION
CHARACTERISTICS; FERROELECTRICS; LAALO3
AB We present a comprehensive study of broadband (0-2 GHz) electrodynamic properties of coplanar waveguides made from high-temperature superconducting thin-film YBa2Cu3O7-delta electrodes on nonlinear dielectric single-crystal SrTiO3 substrates. The waveguides exhibit strong dielectric nonlinearities, in addition to temperature-, dc-bias-, and frequency-dependent dissipation and refractive index. By using parameters determined from small-signal (linear) transmission characteristics of the waveguides as a function of dc bias, we develop a model equation that successfully predicts and describes large-signal (nonlinear) behavior. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)03615-4].
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Elect & Electrochem Mat & Devices Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Condensed Matter & Stat Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Supercond Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Colorado, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Findikoglu, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Elect & Electrochem Mat & Devices Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RI Rasmussen, Kim/B-5464-2009; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008
OI Rasmussen, Kim/0000-0002-4029-4723;
NR 47
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 86
IS 3
BP 1558
EP 1568
DI 10.1063/1.370967
PG 11
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 216TD
UT WOS:000081458800066
ER
PT J
AU Gopalan, V
Gerstl, SSA
Itagi, A
Mitchell, TE
Jia, QX
Schlesinger, TE
Stancil, DD
AF Gopalan, V
Gerstl, SSA
Itagi, A
Mitchell, TE
Jia, QX
Schlesinger, TE
Stancil, DD
TI Mobility of 180 degrees domain walls in congruent LiTaO3 measured using
real-time electro-optic imaging microscopy
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LINBO3 CRYSTALS; INTERNAL FIELD; ORIGIN
AB We report the electric-field dependence of 180 degrees domain-wall mobility in congruent LiTaO3 measured at room temperature using in situ electro-optic imaging microscopy. The measured sideways domain-wall velocity of serrated domain fronts formed upon merger of domains was an order of magnitude larger than that for independently growing domains. The wall velocities also show a strong dependence on the nature of the applied electric field, being an order of magnitude larger for steady-state voltages as compared to pulsed voltage measurements. This is shown to be due to wall stabilization between applied voltage pulses resulting in an inertial delay in moving a domain wall which has been at rest for many seconds. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)03215-6].
C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
Penn State Univ, Mat Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Engn & Publ Policy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
RP Gopalan, V (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RI Stancil, Daniel/D-1339-2013; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008;
OI Stancil, Daniel/0000-0002-2010-1381; , Daniel/0000-0001-7741-1893
NR 16
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 86
IS 3
BP 1638
EP 1646
DI 10.1063/1.370940
PG 9
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 216TD
UT WOS:000081458800078
ER
PT J
AU Fitz-Gerald, JM
Rack, PD
Trottier, TA
Ollinger, M
Pennycook, SJ
Gao, H
Singh, RK
AF Fitz-Gerald, JM
Rack, PD
Trottier, TA
Ollinger, M
Pennycook, SJ
Gao, H
Singh, RK
TI Synthesis of spherical luminescent particulate coatings
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER-ABLATION
AB In this communication, we show the feasibility of the pulsed laser ablation technique to make very thin, uniform luminescent coatings on particulate systems. To deposit continuous particulate coatings, the laser-induced plume from the target comes in contact with an agitated bed of core particles (size 1 mu m). The pressure and nature of the background gas (inert or active! controls the cluster size of the particles in the laser plume. Experiments were conducted for laser deposition of phosphor nanoparticles on SiO2 core particles by pulsed excimer laser wavelength=248 nm and pulse duration=25 ns) irradiation of a yttria: Eu (Y2O3:Eu3+) sputtering target. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)04815-X].
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Microelect Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
Motorola Inc, Flat Panel Display Div, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Fitz-Gerald, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6372,Bldg 74, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 12
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 86
IS 3
BP 1759
EP 1761
DI 10.1063/1.370959
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 216TD
UT WOS:000081458800097
ER
PT J
AU Gunneweg, J
Michel, HV
AF Gunneweg, J
Michel, HV
TI Does the different layout of the Late Bronze Age tombs at Laish/Dan and
Akko in Northern Canaan reflect different trade relations? An
instrumental neutron activation study on Mycenaean pottery
SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Symposium on Archaeometry
CY MAY 20-24, 1996
CL NIV ILLINOIS URBANA CHAMPAIGN, URBANA, ILLINOIS
HO NIV ILLINOIS URBANA CHAMPAIGN
DE provenance; neutron activation analysis; Late Bronze Age; Mycenaean;
pottery
C1 Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Archaeol Inst, IL-91905 Jerusalem, Israel.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Gunneweg, J (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Archaeol Inst, IL-91905 Jerusalem, Israel.
NR 22
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0305-4403
J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI
JI J. Archaeol. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 26
IS 8
BP 989
EP 995
DI 10.1006/jasc.1999.0420
PG 7
WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology
GA 234ED
UT WOS:000082470800014
ER
PT J
AU Turner, DD
Goldsmith, JEM
AF Turner, DD
Goldsmith, JEM
TI Twenty-four-hour Raman lidar water vapor measurements during the
Atmospheric radiation Measurement program's 1996 and 1997 water vapor
intensive observation periods
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AEROSOLS; SYSTEM; SENSITIVITY
AB Prior to the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program's first water vapor intensive observation period (WVIOP) at the Cloud and Radiation Testbed site near Lament, Oklahoma, an automated 24-h Raman lidar was delivered to the site. This instrument, which makes high-resolution measurements of water vapor both spatially and temporally, is capable of making these measurements with no operator interaction (other than initial startup) for days at a time. Water vapor measurements collected during the 1996 and 1997 WVIOPs are discussed here, illustrating both the nighttime and daytime capabilities of this system. System characteristics, calibration issues, and techniques are presented. Finally, detailed intercomparisons of the lidar's data with those from a microwave radiometer, radiosondes, an instrumented tower, a chilled mirror flown on both a tethersonde and kite, and measurements from aircraft are shown and discussed, highlighting the accuracy and stability of this system for both nighttime and daytime measurements.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Turner, DD (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, POB 999,MS K7-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 23
TC 77
Z9 77
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 16
IS 8
BP 1062
EP 1076
DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1999)016<1062:TFHRLW>2.0.CO;2
PG 15
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 231EJ
UT WOS:000082294900006
ER
PT J
AU Haynes, JA
Rigney, ED
Janowski, GM
AF Haynes, JA
Rigney, ED
Janowski, GM
TI Effects of cyclic bending and physiological solution on plasma-sprayed
hydroxylapatite coatings of varying crystallinity
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE plasma-sprayed coatings; hydroxylapatite; calcium phosphate; dental
implants; biomaterials
ID CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE; HYDROXYAPATITE COATINGS; TITANIUM; DISSOLUTION;
IMPLANTS
AB This study investigated the effects of cyclic bending stress levels and testing in simulated physiological solutions or air on the integrity of plasma-sprayed hydroxylapatite (HA) coatings of two different crystallinities. Hydroxylapatite-coated commercially pure (CP) Ti rods were evaluated by immersion testing in Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) and by rotating bending in air and HBSS, Static immersion testing of nonstressed specimens resulted in significant microcracking of coating surfaces after 42 days. Specimens cyclically tested at bending stresses above the yield strength of Ti experienced low cycle fatigue failure of the Ti substrates prior to spallation of the HA coatings. Coatings tested at 1 x 10(6) cycles with interface bending stresses of 180 MPa displayed increased surface microcracking, but no bulk coating spallation, Coatings cycled in HBSS displayed greater amounts of microcracking and surface alteration than samples cycled in air. There was no apparent relation between HA crystallinity and mechanical integrity under cyclic bending stresses. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
RP Haynes, JA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Janowski, Gregg/A-6354-2011
OI Janowski, Gregg/0000-0001-8384-4820
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 7
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA
SN 0021-9304
J9 J BIOMED MATER RES
JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 48
IS 4
BP 403
EP 410
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(1999)48:4<403::AID-JBM2>3.0.CO;2-F
PG 8
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 216KG
UT WOS:000081440800002
PM 10421680
ER
PT J
AU Wang, RR
Welsch, GE
Monteiro, O
AF Wang, RR
Welsch, GE
Monteiro, O
TI Silicon nitride coating on titanium to enable titanium-ceramic bonding
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE silicon nitride coating; titanium-ceramic interface; oxidation
ID RESTORATIONS; ALLOY
AB Failures that occur in titanium-ceramic restorations are of concern to clinicians. The formation of poorly adhering oxide on titanium at dental porcelain sintering temperatures causes adherence problems between titanium and porcelain, which is the main limiting factor in the fabrication of titanium-ceramic restorations. To overcome this problem a 1-mu m thick Si3N4 coating was applied to a titanium surface using a plasma-immersion implantation and deposition method. Such a coating serves as an oxygen diffusion barrier on titanium during the porcelain firings. The protective coating Mras characterized in the as-deposited condition and after thermal cycling. Cross sections of Ti/Si3N4-porcelain interface regions were examined by various electron microscopy methods and by energy dispersive analysis of X-rays to study the Si3N4 film's effectiveness in preventing titanium oxidation and in forming a bond with porcelain. The experiments have shown that this Si3N4 coating enables significant improvement in Ti-ceramic bonding. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Restorat Dent, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Plasma Applicat Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Wang, RR (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Restorat Dent, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE11032]
NR 21
TC 77
Z9 84
U1 1
U2 12
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA
SN 0021-9304
J9 J BIOMED MATER RES
JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 46
IS 2
BP 262
EP 270
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199908)46:2<262::AID-JBM16>3.0.CO;2-1
PG 9
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 200QM
UT WOS:000080551600016
PM 10380005
ER
PT J
AU Jacobs, DM
Lipton, AS
Isern, NG
Daughdrill, GW
Lowry, DF
Gomes, X
Wold, MS
AF Jacobs, DM
Lipton, AS
Isern, NG
Daughdrill, GW
Lowry, DF
Gomes, X
Wold, MS
TI Human replication protein A: Global fold of the N-terminal RPA-70 domain
reveals a basic cleft and flexible C-terminal linker
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR
LA English
DT Article
DE backbone assignments; DNA recombination; DNA repair; DNA replication;
RPA; RPA70; secondary structure
ID TRIPLE-RESONANCE NMR; SV40 DNA-REPLICATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE;
N-15-LABELED PROTEINS; IMPROVED SENSITIVITY; FUNCTIONAL DOMAINS;
BACKBONE DYNAMICS; FACTOR-A; SPECTROSCOPY; RECOMBINATION
AB Human Replication Protein A (hsRPA) is required for multiple cellular processes in DNA metabolism including DNA repair, replication and recombination. It binds single-stranded DNA with high affinity and interacts specifically with multiple proteins. hsRPA forms a heterotrimeric complex composed of 70-, 32- and 14-kDa subunits (henceforth RPA70, RPA32, and RPA14). The N-terminal 168 residues of RPA70 form a structurally distinct domain that stimulates DNA polymerase alpha activity, interacts with several transcriptional activators including tumor suppressor p53, and during the cell cycle it signals escape from the DNA damage induced G2/M checkpoint. We have solved the global fold of the fragment corresponding to this domain (RPA70 Delta 169) and we find residues 8-108 of the N-terminal domain are structured. The remaining C-terminal residues are unstructured and may form a flexible linker to the DNA-binding domain of RPA70. The globular region forms a five-stranded anti-parallel beta-barrel. The ends of the barrel are capped by short helices. Two loops on one side of the barrel form a large basic cleft which is a likely site for binding the acidic motifs of transcriptional activators. Many lethal or conditional lethal yeast point mutants map to this cleft, whereas no mutations with severe phenotype have been found in the linker region.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Biochem, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA.
RP Lowry, DF (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Wold, Marc/F-5806-2010; Isern, Nancy/J-8016-2013;
OI Isern, Nancy/0000-0001-9571-8864
NR 44
TC 72
Z9 73
U1 0
U2 2
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
PI DORDRECHT
PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-2738
J9 J BIOMOL NMR
JI J. Biomol. NMR
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 14
IS 4
BP 321
EP 331
DI 10.1023/A:1008373009786
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy
GA 234VK
UT WOS:000082504900003
PM 10526407
ER
PT J
AU Click, DR
Scott, BL
Watkin, JG
AF Click, DR
Scott, BL
Watkin, JG
TI Formation of a samarium alkoxide-aryloxide complex containing a novel
butterfly framework: X-ray crystal structures of
Sm-4(mu(3)-O-i-Pr)(3)(mu(2)-O-i-Pr)(4)(O-i-Pr)(2)
(O-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)(3)(THF) and [Ti(O-i-Pr)(2)(O-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)
(mu-O-i-Pr)](2)
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE samarium; titanium; alkoxide; alcoholysis; butterfly
ID MICROWAVE DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; THIN-FILMS;
YTTRIUM; SM; REACTIVITY; OXIDE; TITANIUM(IV); DERIVATIVES; DIFFRACTION
AB Reaction of a 1:1 mixture of Sm[N(SiMe3)(2)](3) and Ti(O-i-Pr)(4) with three equivalents of 2,6-di-iso-propylphenol, followed by crystallization from hexane/THF, leads to isolation of the tetranuclear samarium alkoxide Sm-4(mu(3)-O-i-Pr)(3)(mu(2)-O-i-Pr)(4)(O-i-Pr)(2)(O-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)(3) (THF) (1), in addition to the dimeric titanium alkoxide [Ti(O-i-Pr)(2)(O-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)(mu-O-i-Pr)](2) (2). 1 crystallizes in the space group P (1) over bar while 2 crystallizes in space group P2(1)/c Cell parameters for 1: a = 15.928(6) b = 17.677(7), c = 18.99(1) Angstrom, alpha = 113.24(3), beta = 94.99(4), gamma = 109.59(2)degrees, V = 4477(4) Angstrom(3), D-calc = 1.350 Mg/m(3), and Z = 2. Cell parameters for 2: a = 25.336(2), b = 12.082(1), c = 15.570(2) Angstrom, beta = 96.510(8)degrees, V = 4735.4(8) Angstrom 3, D-calc = 1.129 mg/m(3), and Z = 4.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Watkin, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RI G, Neela/H-3016-2014; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017
OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396
NR 38
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1074-1542
J9 J CHEM CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Chem. Crystallogr.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 29
IS 8
BP 921
EP 929
DI 10.1023/A:1009530112983
PG 9
WC Crystallography; Spectroscopy
SC Crystallography; Spectroscopy
GA 304AE
UT WOS:000086459700009
ER
PT J
AU Song, Y
Evans, M
Ng, CY
Hsu, CW
Jarvis, GK
AF Song, Y
Evans, M
Ng, CY
Hsu, CW
Jarvis, GK
TI Rotationally resolved pulsed field ionization photoelectron bands of
O-2(+)(X (2)Pi(1/2,3/2g), v(+)=0-38) in the energy range of 12.05-18.15
eV
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-RESOLUTION THRESHOLD; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; COHERENT XUV;
PHOTOIONIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY; O-2; OXYGEN; MOLECULES; SPECTRUM;
DYNAMICS
AB We have obtained rotationally resolved pulsed field ionization photoelectron (PFI-PE) spectra for O-2 in the energy range of 12.05-18.15 eV, covering ionization transitions O-2(+)(X (2)Pi(1/2,3/2g), v(+)=0-38,J(+))<-- O-2(X (3)Sigma(g)(-), v(+)=0,N"). While the PFI-PE bands for O-2(+)(X (2)Pi(1/2,3/2g), v(+)=3-5, 9, 11, 12, 22, and 25-38) reported here are the first rotational-resolved photoelectron measurements, the PFI-PE bands for O-2(+)(X (2)Pi(1/2,3/2g), v(+)=25-38) represent the first rotationally resolved spectroscopic data for these states. The simulation of spectra obtained at rotational temperatures of approximate to 20 and 220 K allows the unambiguous identification of O-2(+)(X (2)Pi(1/2,3/2g), v(+)greater than or equal to 21) PFI-PE bands, the majority of which overlap with prominent PFI-PE bands for O-2(+)(A (2)Pi(u), v(+)=0-12) and O-2(+)(a (4)Pi(u), v(+)=0-18). Combined with spectroscopic data obtained in the previous emission study and the present PFI-PE experiment, we have obtained accurate Dunham-type expansion coefficients for ionization energies, vibrational constants, rotational constants, and spin-orbit splitting constants covering the O-2(+)(X (2)Pi(1/2,3/2g), v(+)=0-38) states. Significant local intensity enhancements due to near-resonant autoionization were observed in PFI-PE bands for O-2(+)(X (2)Pi(1/2,3/2g), v(+)=0-14). The energy region of these states is known to manifest a high density of very strong autoionizing low-n-Rydberg states. The observation of a long PFI-PE vibrational progression with a relatively smooth band intensity profile is also in accord with the direct excitation model for the production of highly vibrationally excited O-2(+)(X (2)Pi(1/2,3/2g)) states in the Franck-Condon gap region. Since this experiment was carried out under relatively high rotational temperatures for O-2, the PFI-PE data reveal higher rotational transitions and numerous local intensity enhancements, which were not observed in previous vacuum ultraviolet laser studies using a cold O-2 molecular beam. The rotational branches found here indicate that photoelectrons are formed predominantly in continuum states with orbital angular momenta l=1,3, and 5. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)00929-0].
C1 Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Ng, CY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 39
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 5
BP 1905
EP 1916
DI 10.1063/1.479459
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 220ZA
UT WOS:000081698700014
ER
PT J
AU Jarvis, GK
Song, Y
Ng, CY
AF Jarvis, GK
Song, Y
Ng, CY
TI Rotational-resolved pulsed field ionization photoelectron study of
NO+(a(3)Sigma(+),v(+)=0-16) in the energy range of 15.6-18.2 eV
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; SPECTROSCOPY; THRESHOLD; PHOTOIONIZATION; NO+;
BANDS; IONS
AB We have obtained rotationally resolved pulsed field ionization photoelectron (PFI-PE) spectra of NO in the energy range of 15.6-18.2 eV, covering ionization transitions of NO+(a (3)Sigma(+),v(+)=0-16,J(+))<-- NO(X (2)Pi(3/2,1/2),v"=0,J"). The PFI-PE bands for NO+(a (3)Sigma(+),v(+)=1-5,7-10,12-14,16) obtained in this experiment represent the first rotationally resolved spectroscopic data for these states. The simulation of these PFI-PE bands provides accurate molecular constants for NO+(a (3)Sigma(+),v(+)=0-5,7-10,12-14,16), including ionization energies, vibrational constants (omega(e)(+)=1295.2 +/- 0.1 cm(-1), omega(e)(+)chi(e)(+)=15.198 +/- 0.002 cm(-1)), and rotational constants (B-e(+)=1.3501 +/- 0.0070 cm(-1), alpha(e)(+)=0.0206 +/- 0.0001 cm(-1)). As observed in the PFI-PE study of NO+(X (1)Sigma(+)), this experiment reveals a generally increasing trend for the maximum Delta J value and intensities of higher Delta J branches as v(+) (or bond distance) for NO+(a (3)Sigma(+)) is increased. This observation can be taken as strong support of the electron-molecular-ion-core scattering model for angular momentum and energy exchanges in the threshold photoionization of NO. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)01027-2].
C1 Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Ng, CY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 28
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 5
BP 1937
EP 1946
DI 10.1063/1.479462
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 220ZA
UT WOS:000081698700017
ER
PT J
AU Laaksonen, A
McGraw, R
Vehkamaki, H
AF Laaksonen, A
McGraw, R
Vehkamaki, H
TI Liquid-drop formalism and free-energy surfaces in binary homogeneous
nucleation theory
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEMS; REVERSIBLE WORK; WATER; VAPOR; ETHANOL; CLUSTER;
NUCLEUS; PHASE
AB Three different derivations of the classical binary nucleation theory are considered in detail. It is shown that the derivation originally presented by Wilemski [J. Chem. Phys. 80, 1370 (1984)] is consistent with more extensive derivations [Oxtoby and Kashchiev, J. Chem. Phys. 100, 7665 (1994)]; Debenedetti, Metastable Liquids: Concepts and Principles (Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1996) if and only if the assumption is made that the surface of tension of the binary nucleus coincides with the dividing surface specified by the surface condition Sigma n(si)v(li)=0, where the n(si) denote surface excess numbers of molecules of species i, and the v's are partial molecular volumes. From this condition, it follows that (1) the surface tension is curvature independent and (2) that the nucleus volume is V=Sigma n(li)v(li)=Sigma g(i)v(li), where the n(li) are the numbers of molecules in the uniform liquid phase of the droplet model encompassed by the surface of tension, and the g(i) are the total molecular occupation numbers contained by the nucleus. We show, furthermore, that the above surface condition leads to explicit formulas for the surface excess numbers n(si) in the nucleus. Computations for the ethanol-water system show that the surface number for water molecules (n(s,H2O)) causes the negative occupation numbers (g(H2O)) obtained earlier using the classical nucleation theory. The unphysical behavior produced by the classical theory for surface active systems is thus a direct consequence of the assumption of curvature independence of surface tension. Based on the explicit formulas for n(si), we calculate the full free-energy surfaces for binary nucleation in the revised classical theory and compare these with the free-energy surfaces in the Doyle (unrevised classical) theory. Significant differences in nucleus size and composition are found between these models and they are related to surface excess density. It is shown that only for the revised classical theory is the nucleus composition consistent with the Gibbs dividing surface model. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)51029-5].
C1 Univ Kuopio, Dept Appl Phys, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
RP Laaksonen, A (reprint author), Univ Kuopio, Dept Appl Phys, POB 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
RI Laaksonen, Ari/B-5094-2011; Vehkamaki, Hanna/A-8262-2008
OI Laaksonen, Ari/0000-0002-1657-2383; Vehkamaki, Hanna/0000-0002-5018-1255
NR 18
TC 66
Z9 67
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 5
BP 2019
EP 2027
DI 10.1063/1.479470
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 220ZA
UT WOS:000081698700027
ER
PT J
AU Tsekouras, AA
Iedema, MJ
Cowin, JP
AF Tsekouras, AA
Iedema, MJ
Cowin, JP
TI Soft-landed ion diffusion studies on vapor-deposited hydrocarbon films
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALKANES; BEAM; ICE
AB Cesium and hydronium ions were deposited with a "soft-landing" ion beam (1 eV) on n-hexane and 3-methyl-pentane vapor-deposited thin films on a Pt (111) surface at 27 K. Dielectric properties and ion migration were studied during the ion deposition and during a temperature ramp up to the desorption temperature of the molecular films. The ions were found to migrate through amorphous versions of these films as expected by simple viscosity models near 90 K with ion mobilities of about 10(-18) m(2) V-1 s(-1). No, or very limited, diffusion was observed through crystalline films. The n-hexane films crystallize during the ion motion. Analysis of this permits the estimation that average diffusional motion for a neutral hexane during crystallization is about 1 molecular diameter. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)72127-6].
C1 Univ Athens, Phys Chem Lab, GR-15771 Athens, Greece.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Tsekouras, AA (reprint author), Univ Athens, Phys Chem Lab, GR-15771 Athens, Greece.
OI Tsekouras, Athanassios/0000-0002-4757-324X
NR 22
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 111
IS 5
BP 2222
EP 2234
DI 10.1063/1.479494
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 220ZA
UT WOS:000081698700051
ER
PT J
AU Langry, K
Rambabu, B
AF Langry, K
Rambabu, B
TI Ionic optodes: role in fiber optic chemical sensor technology
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE fiber optic chemical sensors; optodes; aqueous ion sensing
ID RESPONSIVE FLUORESCENT COMPOUNDS; SUPPORTED LIQUID MEMBRANES; SELECTIVE
BULK OPTODES; LIPOPHILIC ANIONIC DYE; PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES;
IMMOBILIZED MORIN; NEUTRAL IONOPHORE; ENERGY-TRANSFER; CATION BINDING;
CROWN ETHERS
AB Fiber optic chemical sensors and solid state devices are two versatile sensing technologies for detecting analytes in a host of media. Obvious differences distinguish these technologies: however, they share significant features and issues related to analyte identification and selectivity. This report reviews transduction schemes used in fiber optic sensors for monitoring aqueous ionic species and examines some critical concerns that may hinder commercial acceptance. (C) 1999 Society of Chemical Industry.
C1 Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Surface Sci Spect & Solid State Ion Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Biol Detect Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Rambabu, B (reprint author), Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Surface Sci Spect & Solid State Ion Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
NR 87
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND
SN 0268-2575
J9 J CHEM TECHNOL BIOT
JI J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 74
IS 8
BP 717
EP 732
DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4660(199908)74:8<717::AID-JCTB105>3.0.CO;2-W
PG 16
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering
GA 226GL
UT WOS:000082011900001
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, CB
Simonson, JM
Tremaine, PR
AF Xiao, CB
Simonson, JM
Tremaine, PR
TI Densities and apparent molar volumes of Gd(CF3SO3)(3)(aq) at T = (373,
423, and 472) K and p = (7 and 26) MPa
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Gd(CF3SO3)(3)(aq); density; molar volume; high temperature
ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; HEAT-CAPACITIES; HIGH-PRESSURES; 283 K;
TEMPERATURES; TRIFLUOROMETHANESULFONATE; ELECTROLYTES; NACL(AQ);
EQUATION; CHLORIDE
AB Densities of Gd(CF3SO3)(3)(aq) solutions with molalities between (0.058 and 0.72) mol kg(-1) were measured with a vibrating-tube densimeter at the temperatures (373, 423, and 473) K and pressures (7 and 26) MPa. Apparent molar volumes calculated from measured densities in this work and those at ambient conditions reported previously by us were represented with the Pitzer ion-interaction treatment. The temperature and pressure dependence of the standard partial molar volume and the virial coefficients in the Pitzer equation were expressed by empirical functions in which the compressibility of water was used as an independent variable. The conventional standard partial molar volume V-m(O)(Gd3+, aq) from T = 278 K to T = 473 K was calculated from V-2,m(O){Gd(CF3SO3)(3), aq} and V-m(O)(CF3SO3-, aq). (C) 1999 Academic Press.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Simonson, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Tremaine, Peter/F-9814-2015
NR 26
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0021-9614
J9 J CHEM THERMODYN
JI J. Chem. Thermodyn.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 31
IS 8
BP 1055
EP 1065
DI 10.1006/jcht.1999.0509
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry
GA 225UE
UT WOS:000081982300007
ER
PT J
AU Fowler, JS
Volkow, ND
Ding, YS
Wang, GJ
Dewey, S
Fischman, MW
Foltin, R
Hitzemann, R
AF Fowler, JS
Volkow, ND
Ding, YS
Wang, GJ
Dewey, S
Fischman, MW
Foltin, R
Hitzemann, R
TI Positron emission tomography studies of dopamine-enhancing drugs
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on the Use of Imaging in Drug Research and Development
CY SEP 11-13, 1998
CL NIH, BETHESDA, MARYLAND
SP Soc Nucl Imaging Drug Dev
HO NIH
ID MONOAMINE-OXIDASE-B; BRAIN MAO-B; COCAINE; INHIBITION; METHYLPHENIDATE;
TRANSPORTERS; RECEPTORS; SMOKERS
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychiat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Columbia Univ, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA.
RP Fowler, JS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 19
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 2
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0091-2700
J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL
JI J. Clin. Pharmacol.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 39
SU S
BP 13S
EP 16S
PG 4
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 222RQ
UT WOS:000081798900004
ER
PT J
AU de Vries, SA
Goedtkindt, P
Huisman, WJ
Zwanenburg, MJ
Feidenhans'l, R
Bennett, SL
Smilgies, DM
Stierle, A
De Yoreo, JJ
van Enckevort, WJP
Bennema, P
Vlieg, E
AF de Vries, SA
Goedtkindt, P
Huisman, WJ
Zwanenburg, MJ
Feidenhans'l, R
Bennett, SL
Smilgies, DM
Stierle, A
De Yoreo, JJ
van Enckevort, WJP
Bennema, P
Vlieg, E
TI X-ray diffraction studies of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP)
crystal surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article
DE surface structure; X-ray diffraction; KDP; impurities; crystal growth
ID HARTMAN-PERDOK THEORY; DISLOCATION CORES; GROWTH-MORPHOLOGY; PREDICTION;
PERFORMANCE; VICINALITY; KH2PO4; DESIGN
AB We have studied the surface atomic structure of KDP crystals using X-ray scattering. These crystals were grown from an aqueous solution and we have done measurements both ex situ and in situ, The ex situ measurements were performed in vacuum or in air. In order to be able to do in situ measurements, we designed and built a crystal growth chamber which is compatible with X-ray diffraction experiments. The atomic arrangement of the two naturally existing faces of KDP has been determined. Preliminary results are presented of measurements performed during growth, Furthermore, the influence of metal impurities on the atomic structure of the growing interface is examined, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 FOM, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
Riso Natl Lab, Dept Solid State Phys, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
CCLRC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Nijmegen, RIM, Dept Solid State Chem, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.
RP Vlieg, E (reprint author), FOM, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, Kruislaan 407, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
RI van Enckevort, Willem/D-5226-2012; Vlieg, Elias/G-3386-2012; Goedtkindt,
Peter/K-4458-2012;
OI Goedtkindt, Peter/0000-0001-8572-6000; Smilgies,
Detlef/0000-0001-9351-581X
NR 32
TC 60
Z9 62
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 205
IS 1-2
BP 202
EP 214
DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(99)00249-3
PG 13
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 225LA
UT WOS:000081962000024
ER
PT J
AU Zaitseva, N
Carman, L
Smolsky, I
Torres, R
Yan, M
AF Zaitseva, N
Carman, L
Smolsky, I
Torres, R
Yan, M
TI The effect of impurities and supersaturation on the rapid growth of KDP
crystals
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article
DE rapid crystal growth; solution stability; impurity; dead zone; UV
absorption
ID NUCLEATION; KH2PO4; PHOSPHATE; KINETICS; IONS; ADP
AB Potassium orthophosphate (KDP) crystals were grown at the growth rates from 0.5 to 25 mm/day. The distribution of impurities connected with the vicinal and sectoral structure of the rapidly grown crystals is described. It has been shown that to decrease the effect of impurities and to obtain crystals of high homogeneity, rapid growth should be performed at high supersaturations outside the dead zone and the region of the sharp increase of the growth rate with supersaturation. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Zaitseva, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 24
TC 74
Z9 84
U1 2
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 204
IS 4
BP 512
EP 524
DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(99)00194-3
PG 13
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 220TH
UT WOS:000081683200012
ER
PT J
AU Gunney, BTN
Li, YA
Olver, PJ
AF Gunney, BTN
Li, YA
Olver, PJ
TI Solitary waves in the critical surface-tension model
SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE solitary wave; surface tension; water wave; Korteweg-de Vries equation;
Boussinesq expansion
ID KORTEWEG-DEVRIES EQUATION; HOMOCLINIC ORBITS; WATER-WAVES; EXISTENCE;
SOLITONS; 5TH-ORDER; SYSTEMS
AB This paper studies the properties of solitary-wave solutions of a particular fifth-order evolution equation that models water waves with surface tension. Existence and nonexistence results are surveyed and strengthened. An accurate numerical code is devised and used to show the small dispersive effects of solitary-wave collisions.
C1 Medtron Inc, Minneapolis, MN 55432 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Sch Math, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Gunney, BTN (reprint author), Medtron Inc, 7000 Cent Ave NE, Minneapolis, MN 55432 USA.
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
PI DORDRECHT
PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0833
J9 J ENG MATH
JI J. Eng. Math.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 36
IS 1-2
BP 99
EP 112
DI 10.1023/A:1004593923334
PG 14
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA 209GU
UT WOS:000081040500007
ER
PT J
AU Maksimov, AA
Pronin, DA
Zaitsev, SV
Tartakovskii, II
Klein, MV
Veal, BW
AF Maksimov, AA
Pronin, DA
Zaitsev, SV
Tartakovskii, II
Klein, MV
Veal, BW
TI Effect of ordering of mobile oxygen on spectra of two-magnon and
electronic Raman scattering of light in YBa2Cu3O6+x crystals with
different doping levels
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; OFF-STOICHIOMETRIC YBA2CU3OZ; CU-O
CHAINS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; DEPENDENCE; TRANSITION; MODEL;
TC
AB The effect of ordering of mobile chain-site oxygen in YBa2Cu3O6+x crystals at different doping levels x on the kinetics of the intensity change of the two-magnon line and the extended structureless electronic continuum in optical Raman spectra and on the superconducting transition temperature T-c, has been studied in detail. An increase in the chain-site oxygen content x leads to a higher contribution of free carriers to the electronic continuum in Raman spectra. The kinetics of the electronic continuum becomes slower with x, whereas the relaxation rate of the two-magnon scattering is a nonmonotonic function of the stoichiometric index. Computer simulations of the relaxation of nonequilibrium states using the Monte Carlo technique qualitatively describe the kinetics observed in experiments. Our results lead us to a conclusion about local inhomogeneities in the electronic and spin systems in CuO2 planes with scales of several lattice constants. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S1063-7761(99)02408-7].
C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia.
Univ Illinois, Sci & Technol Ctr Superconduct, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Maksimov, AA (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia.
RI Maksimov, Andrei/C-5828-2017
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 1063-7761
J9 J EXP THEOR PHYS+
JI J. Exp. Theor. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 89
IS 2
BP 366
EP 376
DI 10.1134/1.558993
PG 11
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 235MY
UT WOS:000082546500024
ER
PT J
AU Grappin, R
Mangeney, A
Schwartz, SJ
Feldman, WC
AF Grappin, R
Mangeney, A
Schwartz, SJ
Feldman, WC
TI Contribution of intermittent temperature peaks to the generation of the
solar wind flow
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SONIC POINT; CONSTRAINTS; CORONA
AB Observations of frequent, intermittent, density, velocity, and temperature variations, called jets, in the solar corona have led some authors to propose these jets as possible acceleration mechanisms for the fast solar wind seen at large distances. In the search of possible dynamical effects, we look here at the implications of intermittent temperature fluctuations at the coronal level on the subsonic and supersonic solar wind properties, in a spherically symmetric (single fluid) wind with polytropic index close to unity and no magnetic field. Sudden temperature pulses are applied periodically at the coronal level, with no pressure variation, the velocity being free. One finds that (1) the advected perturbations take the form of a mixture of upward propagating shock waves and advected pressure equilibrium structures and (2) the mean temperature increases due to the larger expansion rate of the fluid with peak temperature. As a result, a main part of the wind flow at large distance appears to be generated by intermittent coronal events with peak temperature. We propose thus to reduce the discrepancy between the fast wind speed observed at 1 AU and the observed coronal temperature by taking into account not the average temperature, but the peak coronal temperature, still to be determined.
C1 Observ Paris, F-92195 Meudon, France.
Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse, France.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Queen Mary Univ London, Astron Unit, London E1 4NS, England.
RP Grappin, R (reprint author), Observ Paris, F-92195 Meudon, France.
EM grap-pin@melami.obspm.fr; mangeney@obspm.fr; S.J.Schwartz@wmw.ac.uk
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 104
IS A8
BP 17033
EP 17043
DI 10.1029/1999JA900181
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 222NB
UT WOS:000081790700005
ER
PT J
AU Ezato, K
Shehata, AM
Kunugi, T
McEligot, DM
AF Ezato, K
Shehata, AM
Kunugi, T
McEligot, DM
TI Numerical prediction of transitional features of turbulent forced gas
flows in circular tubes with strong heating
SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Fluids Engineering Conference
CY JUN, 1997
CL VANCOUVER, CANADA
DE flow transition; forced convection; turbulence
ID K-EPSILON MODEL; LAMINARIZATION; LAYER
AB In order to treat strongly heated, forced gas flows at low Reynolds numbers in vertical circular tubes, the k-epsilon turbulence model of Abe, Kondoh, and Nagano (1994), developed for forced turbulent flow between parallel plates with the constant property idealization, has been successfully applied For thermal energy transport, the turbulent Prandtl number model of Kays and Crawford (1993) was adopted The capability to handle these flows was assessed via calculations at the conditions Of experiments by Shehata (1984), ranging from essentially turbulent to laminarizing due to the heating. Predictions forecast the development of turbulent transport quantities, Reynolds stress, and turbulent heat flux, as well as turbulent viscosity and turbulent kinetic energy. Overall agreement between the calculations and the measured velocity and temperature distributions is good, establishing confidence in the values of the forecast turbulence quantities-and the model which produced them. Most importantly, the model yields predictions which compare well with the measured wall hear transfer parameters and the pressure drop.
C1 Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan.
Xerox Corp, Webster, NY 14580 USA.
Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan.
Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.
LMITCo, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
RP Ezato, K (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
NR 62
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 1
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0022-1481
J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME
JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 121
IS 3
BP 546
EP 555
DI 10.1115/1.2826015
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA 234YR
UT WOS:000082512400004
ER
PT J
AU Wan, YP
Prasad, V
Wang, GX
Sampath, S
Fincke, JR
AF Wan, YP
Prasad, V
Wang, GX
Sampath, S
Fincke, JR
TI Model and powder particle heating, melting, resolidification, and
evaporation in plasma spraying processes
SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT IMECE 98 Meeting
CY 1998
CL ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA
ID BINARY-ALLOYS; COMBUSTION; DYNAMICS; FLAME
AB A comprehensive model is developed to study the heating, melting, evaporation, and resolidification of powder particles in plasma flames. The well-established LAVA code for plasma flame simulation is used to predict the plasma gas field under given power conditions, and provide inputs to the particle model. The particle is assumed to be a spherical and one-dimensional heat conduction equation with phase change within the particle is solved numerically using an appropriate coordinate transformation and finite difference method. Melting, vaporization, and resolidification interfaces are tracked and the particle vaporization is accounted for by the mass diffusion of vapor through the boundary layer around the particle. he effect of mass transfer on convective hear transfer is also included Calculations have been carried out for a single particle injected into an Ar-H, plasma jet, Zirconia and nickel are selected as solid particles because of their widespread industrial applications as well as significant differences in their thermal properties. Numerical results show strong nonisothermal effect of heating, especially for materials with low thermal conductivity, such as zirconia. The model also predicts strong evaporation of the material at high temperatures.
C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Ctr Thermal Spray Res, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Proc Modeling Lab, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Wan, YP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Ctr Thermal Spray Res, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RI Wang, Guo-Xiang/E-6919-2014
NR 34
TC 68
Z9 69
U1 2
U2 25
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0022-1481
J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME
JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 121
IS 3
BP 691
EP 699
DI 10.1115/1.2826034
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA 234YR
UT WOS:000082512400023
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZL
White, PS
Petrovic, M
Tatum, OL
Newman, LS
Maier, LA
Marrone, BL
AF Wang, ZL
White, PS
Petrovic, M
Tatum, OL
Newman, LS
Maier, LA
Marrone, BL
TI Differential susceptibilities to chronic beryllium disease contributed
by different Glu(69) HLA-DPB1 and-DPA1 alleles
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; CAUCASOID POPULATION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; HLA;
POLYMORPHISM; FREQUENCY; LOCI; DNA; IMMUNOGENETICS; AMPLIFICATION
AB Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is associated with the allelic substitution of a Glu(69) in the HLA-DPB1 gene, Although up to 97% of CBD patients may have the Glu(69) marker, about 30-45% of beryllium-exposed, unaffected individuals carry the same marker. Because CBD occurs in only 1-6% of exposed workers, the presence of Glu(69) does not appear to be the sole genetic factor underlying the disease development. Using two rounds of direct automated DNA sequencing to precisely assign HLA-DPB1 haplotypes, we have discovered highly significant Glu(69)-containing allele frequency differences between the CBD patients and a beryllium-exposed, nondiseased control group. Individuals with DPB1 Glu(69) in both alleles were almost exclusively found in the CBD group (6/20) vs the control group (1/75), Whereas most Glu(69) carriers from the control group had a DPB1 allele *0201 (68%), most Glu(69) carriers from the CBD group had a non-*0201 DPB1 Glu(69)-carrying allele (84%), The DPB1 allele *0201 was almost exclusively (29/30) associated with DPA1 *01 alleles, while the non-*0201 Glu(69)-containing DPB1 alleles were closely associated with DPA1 *02 alleles (26/29), Relatively rare Glu(69)-containing alleles *1701, *0901, and *1001 had extremely high frequencies in the CBD group (50%), as compared,vith the control group (6.7%). Therefore, the most common Glu(69)-containing DPB1 allele, *0201, does not seem to be a major disease allele, The results suggest that it is not the mere presence of Glu(69), per se, but specific Glu(69)-containing alleles and their copy number (homozygous or;heterozygous) that confer the greatest susceptibility to CBD in exposed individuals.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Denver, CO USA.
Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA.
RP Marrone, BL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, LS-5,M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 31
TC 95
Z9 97
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-1767
J9 J IMMUNOL
JI J. Immunol.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 163
IS 3
BP 1647
EP 1653
PG 7
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA 219ZX
UT WOS:000081640000070
PM 10415070
ER
PT J
AU Fu, H
Trouw, F
Sokol, PE
AF Fu, H
Trouw, F
Sokol, PE
TI A quasi-elastic and inelastic neutron scattering study of H-2 in zeolite
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POROUS VYCOR GLASS; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; LIQUID-HYDROGEN; GEOMETRIES
AB The diffusion of molecular hydrogen adsorbed in zeolite 13X at high coverage's has been studied by quasi-elastic neutron scattering Sor temperatures ranging from 0 to 60 K, No diffusive morion was observed, within instrumental resolution, at temperatures below 20 K, well above the bulk melting point of H-2, in contrast to recent NMR studies. The diffusive motion of the adsorbed H-2 could be described by a liquid like jump diffusion model above 35 K. The diffusion coefficient demonstrates an Arrhenius behavior. D = D-0 exp(E/kT), with D-0 = 1.2 x 10(-8) m(2)/s and an activation energy of E = 62 K. The inelastic scattering spectrum has also been studied. The scattering consisted of several peaks superimposed on a broad background extending from 1 meV to above 100 meV mid is consistent with rotational transitions for a hindered rotor in a strong orientational potential with a broad distribution of barrier heights.
C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16801 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Keele, Dept Phys, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England.
RP Fu, H (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16801 USA.
NR 29
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 2
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 116
IS 3-4
BP 149
EP 165
DI 10.1023/A:1021881516198
PG 17
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 230DG
UT WOS:000082236100001
ER
PT J
AU Batlle, X
Echer, C
Krishnan, KM
Hattink, BJ
Labarta, A
AF Batlle, X
Echer, C
Krishnan, KM
Hattink, BJ
Labarta, A
TI Structural and magnetic properties of iron particles in a copper matrix
SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Magnetism of Nanostructured Phases (NMNP)
CY SEP 04-06, 1998
CL SAN SEBASTIAN, SPAIN
SP European Phys Soc, Dept Fisica Aplicada, Escuela Univ Ingenieria Tecbica Ind, Avda Felipe, Dept Educ, Univ Invest Gobierno Vaso, Dept Fisica Mat Fac Quimica, P Manuel Lardizabal, Minist Educ Cultura, Vicerrectorado Campus Guipuzcoa UPV, EHU, Excma Diputacion Foral Guipuzcoa, Excma Ayuntamiento San Sebastian, Grupo Magnetismo Campus Guipuzoca UPV,EHU, 17 Summer Courses
DE phase segregation; antiferromagnetic correlations; spin glass-like
behavior
ID GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE
AB The structural and magnetic properties of Fe particles grown in a Cu matrix by annealing a precursor alloy of composition Cu97Fe3 are discussed. Structural characterization suggests that all segregated Fe particles are BCC-type. However, AC susceptibility and hysteresis loops display short-range antiferromagnetic correlations and a spin glass-like behavior. The former is analyzed in terms of the effects occurring at the particle surface, while the latter is associated with the Fe spins diluted in the Cu matrix. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NCEM, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, Dept Fis Fonamental, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain.
RP Batlle, X (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NCEM, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Labarta, Amilcar/B-4539-2012; Batlle, Xavier/H-5795-2012
OI Labarta, Amilcar/0000-0003-0904-4678;
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-8853
J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER
JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 203
SI SI
BP 120
EP 122
DI 10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00208-5
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 221EB
UT WOS:000081710100036
ER
PT J
AU Prokes, K
Svoboda, P
Kolomiets, A
Sechovsky, V
Nakotte, H
de Boer, FR
Winand, JM
Rebizant, J
Spirlet, JC
AF Prokes, K
Svoboda, P
Kolomiets, A
Sechovsky, V
Nakotte, H
de Boer, FR
Winand, JM
Rebizant, J
Spirlet, JC
TI Magnetic structure of U2Pt2Sn
SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetic structure; actinides; antiferromagnetism; hybridization
ID U(2)T(2)X COMPOUNDS; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RH
AB U2Pt2Sn forms in a ternary derivative version (space group P4(2)/mnm) of the tetragonal U3Si2-type of structure. Clear anomalies in the magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and electrical resistivity around 15 K and their changes in magnetic fields indicate antiferromagnetic ordering below this temperature. The antiferromagnetic ground state of U2Pt2Sn is corroborated by the metamagnetic transition observed in the magnetization around 22 T measured at 4.2 K and by magnetic reflections in the neutron-powder diffraction pattern at low temperatures. The U moments of 1.16 +/- 0.07 mu(B)/U form a complex incommensurate non-collinear magnetic structure. The moments are confined to (1 1 0)-type of planes and tilted from the c-axis by 60 degrees. Moreover they are sine-wave modulated along the tetragonal axis with a propagation vector q = (0, 0, 0.1823). (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Hiroshima Univ, ADSM, Dept Quantum Matter, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan.
Charles Univ, Dept Elect Struct, Prague 12116 2, Czech Republic.
New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
Univ Amsterdam, Van der Waals Zeeman Inst, NL-1018 XE Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, MLNSC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Prokes, K (reprint author), Hahn Meitner Inst Kernforsch Berlin GmbH, BENSC, Abt NE, Glienicker Str 100, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
RI Sechovsky, Vladimir/A-5256-2008
OI Sechovsky, Vladimir/0000-0003-1298-2120
NR 21
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-8853
J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER
JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 202
IS 2-3
BP 451
EP 457
DI 10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00370-4
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 220TK
UT WOS:000081683400023
ER
PT J
AU Boone, JL
Smith, MH
Laerm, J
AF Boone, JL
Smith, MH
Laerm, J
TI Allozyme variation in the cotton mouse (Peromyscus gossypinus)
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Peromyscus gossypinus; cotton mice; genetics; allozyme variation
AB We examined allozyme variation at 40 presumptive gene loci in 1,904 cotton mice (Peromyscus gossypinus) from 62 locations throughout the range of the species. This species was highly variable: 92.7 percent of loci were polymorphic, observed heterozygosity per population ranged from 0.023 to 0.123 and averaged 0.088, and number of alleles per polymorphic locus averaged 5.6. The least variable populations were from the western part of the range, and the most variable were from the southeastern part. Virtually every population contained unique or rare alleles. Distribution of allozyme variation generally reflected geographic proximity rather than existing subspecies boundaries, with major differences between western, northeastern, southeastern, and insular populations. The most divergent populations were from Georgia and Florida sea islands, but drift alone could not explain this observation, because the largest number of unique alleles per population also occurred in these populations.
C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Univ Georgia, Museum Hist Nat, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Univ Georgia, Dept Zool, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Univ Georgia, Dept Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Univ Georgia, Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Boone, JL (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, 1261 Town Ctr Dr, Las Vegas, NV 89134 USA.
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MAMMALOGISTS
PI PROVO
PA BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV, DEPT OF ZOOLOGY, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 0022-2372
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 80
IS 3
BP 833
EP 844
DI 10.2307/1383252
PG 12
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 233UC
UT WOS:000082444800013
ER
PT J
AU Melkote, SN
Sutherland, JW
King, C
AF Melkote, SN
Sutherland, JW
King, C
TI The effect of tool flexibility on back-cutting in end milled surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE
ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID FORCE; GENERATION
AB End milled surface texture is inhomogeneous and often exhibits complex lay patterns. An important contributing factor to these surface characteristics is the back-cutting effect. This effect causes cutter tooth mark patterns on the surface in the forward and reverse tool feed directions. In this paper, the dependence of back-cutting on end mill flexibility and its influence on the slot floor surface texture are modeled and experimentally verified. It is shown that the extent to which tool flexibility affects back-cutting is determined by the resultant cutting force system and not the feed force alone. The variation in the amount of back-cutting typically observed across the width of a milled slot is also explained by this model. The model, although simple in form, yields reasonably good agreement with the measured surface profiles.
C1 Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Engn Mech, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Informat Syst Engn Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Melkote, SN (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1087-1357
J9 J MANUF SCI E-T ASME
JI J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 121
IS 3
BP 532
EP 537
DI 10.1115/1.2832713
PG 6
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 230EG
UT WOS:000082238400030
ER
PT J
AU Pinhero, PJ
Anderegg, JW
Sordelet, DJ
Lograsso, TA
Delaney, DW
Thiel, PA
AF Pinhero, PJ
Anderegg, JW
Sordelet, DJ
Lograsso, TA
Delaney, DW
Thiel, PA
TI Surface oxidation of a quasicrystalline Al-Cu-Fe alloy: No effect of
surface orientation and grain boundaries on the final state
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID QUASI-CRYSTALLINE COATINGS; HYDROGEN STORAGE; PHASE; ADSORPTION; AES
AB We have used x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy to examine the characteristics of oxides on two types of quasicrystalline Al-Cu-Fe samples. One type was formed by consolidation of powders, resulting in multiple grains with random surface orientations. The other was a single grain, oriented to expose a fivefold surface. Both were oxidized to saturation in a variety of environments at room temperature. We measured the elemental constituents that oxidized, the extent of oxygen-induced Al segregation, and the depth of the oxide. Under the conditions of our experiments, there was little, if any, significant difference between the two types of samples. Hence, surface orientation and bulk microstructure played little or no role on the final state of the oxide under these conditions.
C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Thiel, PA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 42
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 1
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY
PI WARRENDALE
PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 14
IS 8
BP 3185
EP 3188
DI 10.1557/JMR.1999.0427
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 235PG
UT WOS:000082550800002
ER
PT J
AU Fitz-Gerald, JM
Singh, RK
Gao, H
Wright, D
Ollinger, M
Marcinka, JW
Pennycook, SJ
AF Fitz-Gerald, JM
Singh, RK
Gao, H
Wright, D
Ollinger, M
Marcinka, JW
Pennycook, SJ
TI Novel method for the synthesis of thin film coatings on particulate
materials
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER ABLATION; YBA2CU3O7-X; GROWTH
AB In this paper, we show the feasibility of the pulsed-laser ablation technique to grow 20-30-nm-thick, discrete and continuous coatings on particulate material systems so that the properties of the core particles can be suitably modified. Experiments were conducted with a pulsed excimer laser (lambda = 248 nm, pulse duration = 25 ns) to deposit nanoparticle coatings on Al2O3 and SiO2 core particles by irradiation of Ag and Y2O3-Eu3+ sputtering targets. Structural characterization was performed with scanning electron microscopy, wavelength dispersive x-ray mapping, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscopy with z-contrast.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP USN, Res Lab, Code 6372, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 32
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0884-2914
EI 2044-5326
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 14
IS 8
BP 3281
EP 3291
DI 10.1557/JMR.1999.0444
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 235PG
UT WOS:000082550800019
ER
PT J
AU Chien, AT
Sachleben, J
Kim, JH
Speck, JS
Lange, FF
AF Chien, AT
Sachleben, J
Kim, JH
Speck, JS
Lange, FF
TI Synthesis and characterization of PbTiO3 powders and heteroepitaxial
thin films by hydrothermal synthesis
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; SURFACE;
BATIO3; DISSOLUTION; CERAMICS; QUARTZ
AB PbTiO3 powders and heteroepitaxial thin films were produced by the hydrothermal method at 110-200 degrees C using different bases (Na-, K-, Rb-, Cs-, TMA-, and TEA-OH). Microstructural characterization showed that the tetragonal perovskite films were epitaxial on the SrTiO3 substrates, with a c-axis out-of-plane orientation. Sequential growth experiments showed that the growth initiates by the formation of 100 nm {100} faceted PbTiO3 islands followed by coalescence. Small cation bases (Na-, K-, Rb-OH) produced 1.5-mu m {100} faceted blocky powders, whereas larger cation bases (Cs-, TMA-., and TEA-OH) formed fewer 500-nm interpenetrating platelets. Nuclear magnetic resonance results showed cation incorporation in the perovskite structure with local disorder on the Pb sites increasing cation size.
C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Chien, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-370, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RI Speck, James/H-5646-2011
NR 36
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 9
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY
PI WARRENDALE
PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 14
IS 8
BP 3303
EP 3311
DI 10.1557/JMR.1999.0447
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 235PG
UT WOS:000082550800022
ER
PT J
AU Chien, AT
Xu, X
Kim, JH
Sachleben, J
Speck, JS
Lange, FF
AF Chien, AT
Xu, X
Kim, JH
Sachleben, J
Speck, JS
Lange, FF
TI Electrical characterization of BaTiO3 heteroepitaxial thin films by
hydrothermal synthesis
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID BARIUM-TITANATE; GROWTH; POWDERS; SRTIO3
AB The electrical properties of hydrothermally grown epitaxial pseudocubic BaTiO3 thin films formed on epitaxial electrode layers of SrRuO3 on SrTiO3 single crystal substrates have been evaluated by variable frequency dielectric testing. The initial as-synthesized BaTiO3 film displayed a dielectric constant of 450 with very high losses (tan delta similar to 100%) at 10 kHz due to OH- and H2O, incorporated during growth, contributing to migration losses within the film. Improvements were seen with increasing postprocessing heat-treatment time and temperature with improved properties seen after a heat treatment at 300 degrees C for 24 h (epsilon similar to 200, tan delta similar to 8%). Relationships were established for dielectric constant and loss tangent with structural changes observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction.
C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Chien, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-370, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RI Speck, James/H-5646-2011
NR 31
TC 78
Z9 78
U1 1
U2 14
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY
PI WARRENDALE
PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 14
IS 8
BP 3330
EP 3339
DI 10.1557/JMR.1999.0451
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 235PG
UT WOS:000082550800026
ER
PT J
AU Ma, XD
Unertl, WN
Erdemir, A
AF Ma, XD
Unertl, WN
Erdemir, A
TI The boron oxide-boric acid system: Nanoscale mechanical and wear
properties
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; FORCE MICROSCOPE; FORMING SURFACES;
SELF-LUBRICATION; ELASTIC-MODULUS; FILMS; INDENTATION; FRICTION;
BEHAVIOR; DENSITY
AB The film that forms spontaneously when boron oxide (B(2)O(3)) is exposed to humid air is a solid lubricant. This film is usually assumed to be boric acid (H(3)BO(3)), the stable bulk phase. We describe the nanometer-scale surface morphology, mechanical properties, and tribological properties of these films and compare them with crystals precipitated from saturated solutions of boric acid. Scanning force microscopy (SFM) and low-load indentation were the primary experimental tools. Mechanical properties and their Variation with depth are reported. In all cases, the surfaces were covered with a layer that has different mechanical properties than the underlying bulk. The films formed on boron oxide showed no evidence of crystalline structure. A thin surface layer was rapidly removed, followed by slower wear of the underlying film. The thickness of this initial layer was sensitive to sample preparation conditions, including humidity. Friction on the worn surface was lower than on the as-formed surface in all cases. In contrast, the SFM tip was unable to cause any wear to the surface film on the precipitated crystals. Indentation pop-in features were common for precipitated crystals but did not occur on the films formed on boron oxide. The surface structures were more complex than assumed in models put forth previously to explain the mechanism of lubricity in the boron oxide-boric acid-water system.
C1 Univ Maine, Surface Sci & Technol Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
China Univ Mining & Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RP Unertl, WN (reprint author), Univ Maine, Surface Sci & Technol Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM unertl@maine.edu
NR 30
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 11
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 14
IS 8
BP 3455
EP 3466
DI 10.1557/JMR.1999.0467
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 235PG
UT WOS:000082550800042
ER
PT J
AU Dong, HL
Onstott, TC
DeFlaun, MF
Fuller, ME
Gillespie, KM
Fredrickson, JK
AF Dong, HL
Onstott, TC
DeFlaun, MF
Fuller, ME
Gillespie, KM
Fredrickson, JK
TI Development of radiographic and microscopic techniques for the
characterization of bacterial transport in intact sediment cores from
Oyster, Virginia
SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE bacterial retention; breakthrough; filtration; microscopic; phosphor
imaging
ID REDUCTION
AB The objective of this study was to ascertain the physical and mineralogical properties responsible for the retention of bacteria in subsurface sediments. The sediment core chosen for this study was a fine-grained, quartz-rich sand with minor amounts of Fe and Al hydroxides, A bacterial transport experiment was performed using an intact core collected from a recent excavation of the Butler's Bluff member of the Nassawadox formation in the borrow pit at Oyster, VA. and a C-14-labeled bacterial strain OYS2-A was selected for its relatively low adhesion. After the bacterial breakthrough was observed in the effluent, the intact core was dissected to determine the internal distribution of the injected bacteria retained in the sediment. The sediment was dried, epoxy fixed, and thin sectioned. The distribution of C-14 activity in the thin sections was mapped using a phosphor screen and X-ray film. The remainder of the core was subsampled and the C-14 activity of the subsamples was determined by Liquid scintillation counting. The phosphor imaging technique was capable of directly imaging the distribution of radiolabeled bacteria in thin sections, because of its high sensitivity and linear response over a large activity range. The phosphor imaging signal intensity was utilized as a measure of bacterial concentration. The distribution of bacteria at the millimeter scale in the thin sections was compared to the grain size, porosity, and mineralogy as measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) analyses. No apparent correlation was observed between the retention or collision efficiency of bacteria in the sediment and the amount of Fe and Al hydroxides. This apparent lack of correlation can be qualitatively explained by combination of several factors including a nearly neutral surface charge of the bacterial strain, and texture of the Fe and Al hydroxides in the sediment. The combination of phosphor imaging with SEM-EDS proved to be a robust method for relating the physical and mineralogical microscopic properties of poorly indurated sediment to the distribution of adsorbed bacteria, allowing bacterial retention mechanisms to be unambiguously unraveled. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
Envirogen Inc, Princeton Res Ctr, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA.
Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Dong, HL (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
NR 14
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7012
J9 J MICROBIOL METH
JI J. Microbiol. Methods
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 37
IS 2
BP 139
EP 154
DI 10.1016/S0167-7012(99)00056-1
PG 16
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA 220VB
UT WOS:000081687200004
PM 10445313
ER
PT J
AU Walensky, LD
Blackshaw, S
Liao, DZ
Watkins, CC
Weier, HUG
Parra, M
Huganir, RL
Conboy, JG
Mohandas, N
Snyder, SH
AF Walensky, LD
Blackshaw, S
Liao, DZ
Watkins, CC
Weier, HUG
Parra, M
Huganir, RL
Conboy, JG
Mohandas, N
Snyder, SH
TI A novel neuron-enriched homolog of the erythrocyte membrane cytoskeletal
protein 4.1
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE protein 4.1; neuron; red blood cell; cytoskeleton; synapse; ankyrin
ID GLYCOPHORIN-C; ANKYRIN GENE; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; SKELETAL PROTEINS;
BINDING-PROTEIN; BETA-SPECTRIN; MICE LACKING; CELLS; ISOFORMS;
EXPRESSION
AB We report the molecular cloning and characterization of 4.1N, a novel neuronal homolog of the erythrocyte membrane cytoskeletal protein 4.1 (4.1R). The 879 amino acid protein shares 70, 36, and 46% identity with 4.1R in the defined membrane-binding, spectrin-actin-binding, and C-terminal domains, respectively. 4.1N is expressed in almost all central and peripheral neurons of the body and is detected in embryonic neurons at the earliest stage of postmitotic differentiation. Like 4.1R, 4.1N has multiple splice forms as evidenced by PCR and Western analysis. Whereas the predominant 4.1N isoform identified in brain is similar to 135 kDa, a smaller 100 kDa isoform is enriched in peripheral tissues. Immunohistochemical studies using a polyclonal 4.1N antibody revealed several patterns of neuronal staining, with localizations in the neuronal cell body, dendrites, and axons. In certain neuronal locations, including the granule cell layers of the cerebellum and dentate gyrus, a distinct punctate-staining pattern was observed consistent with a synaptic localization. In primary hippocampal cultures, mouse 4.1N is enriched at the discrete sites of synaptic contact, colocalizing with the postsynaptic density protein of 95 kDa (a postsynaptic marker) and glutamate receptor type 1 (an excitatory postsynaptic marker). By analogy with the roles of 4.1R in red blood cells, 4.1N may function to confer stability and plasticity to the neuronal membrane via interactions with multiple binding partners, including the spectrin-actin-based cytoskeleton, integral membrane channels and receptors, and membrane-associated guanylate kinases.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Mol Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Snyder, SH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, 813 Wood Basic Sci Bldg,725 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-00074]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-07309]; NIMH NIH HHS [F30
MH012545, MH-18501]
NR 56
TC 108
Z9 110
U1 0
U2 1
PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0270-6474
J9 J NEUROSCI
JI J. Neurosci.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 19
IS 15
BP 6457
EP 6467
PG 11
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 220DC
UT WOS:000081648400024
PM 10414974
ER
PT J
AU Murtagh, MT
Sigel, GH
Fajardo, JC
Edwards, BC
Epstein, RI
AF Murtagh, MT
Sigel, GH
Fajardo, JC
Edwards, BC
Epstein, RI
TI Laser-induced fluorescent cooling of rare-earth-doped fluoride glasses
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 18th International Congress of Glass
CY JUL 05-10, 1998
CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA
ID ABLATION
AB Continual cooling of a material by anti-Stokes luminescence has been experimentally observed in a solid material. Net cooling was achieved by pumping to the lower levels of the F-2(5/2) manifold of Yb3+ followed by population redistribution across this manifold via thermalization and fluorescence to the ground state, Fluoride glass hosts in the ZBLAN and BaF2-InF3-GaF3 (BIG) families have been used in these experiments. Temperature decreases of 0.33 K in a bulk glass sample and 16 K in a fiber sample were obtained in ZBLANPb:Yb3+. Net cooling was achieved when an electrochemical purification stage was incorporated into the glass fabrication process to decrease the extrinsic absorptive component of the host glass in the 1.0 mu m region. Resonant laser ablation experiments showed the positive and negative effects of electrochemical processing on fluoride glasses in reducing transition metal content which is detrimental to successful fluorescent cooling. Reduction in copper, iron, and chromium content of 18, 4.2, and 5.5 were determined for the ZBLANPb sample via RLA. However, reductions in transition metal content were only 1.9 for copper and a negligible amount for iron and chromium in the BIG glasses, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Rutgers State Univ, Fiber Opt Mat Res Program, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Corning Inc, Sci & Technol, Corning, NY 14831 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Murtagh, MT (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Fiber Opt Mat Res Program, 607 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
NR 26
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 253
BP 50
EP 57
DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(99)00405-6
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 231EH
UT WOS:000082294800006
ER
PT J
AU Holland, D
Mekki, A
Gee, IA
McConville, CF
Johnson, JA
Johnson, CE
Appleyard, P
Thomas, M
AF Holland, D
Mekki, A
Gee, IA
McConville, CF
Johnson, JA
Johnson, CE
Appleyard, P
Thomas, M
TI The structure of sodium iron silicate glass - a multi-technique approach
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 18th International Congress of Glass
CY JUL 05-10, 1998
CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA
ID FE-57 MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY
AB Sodium iron silicate glasses of formula 0.3Na(2)O . xFe(2)O(3).(0.7-x)SiO2 (0.0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.20) have been prepared by melt-quenching and their structures have been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), neutron diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy. XPS of surfaces fractured in ultra-high vacuum showed the presence of both Fe2+ and Fe3+ in the glasses but the proportion of the smaller oxidation state is <20% for larger x. The O 1s spectrum can be fitted by bridging and non-bridging oxygen contributions but properties show that this description is inadequate and there are contributions from bridging oxygens, Si-O-Si, from non-bridging oxygens, Si-O Na+ and also directionally bonded Si-O-Fe. The neutron diffraction and Mossbauer data indicate that iron, irrespective of oxidation state, is 4-coordinated by oxygen. The Fe-O bond length decreases and the O-O bond length increases with increasing Fe2O3 content. Mossbauer spectroscopy confirms the predominance of the Fe3+ state in these glasses and indicates smaller Fe2+ concentrations than does XPS. possibly due to restructuring at the glass fracture surfaces examined in XPS, The effective Debye temperatures for Fe2+ and Fe3+ are 258 and 312 K, respectively, a consequence of the different M-O bond strengths of the two oxidation states. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Liverpool John Moores Univ, Dept Built Environm, Liverpool L3 5UX, Merseyside, England.
Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
RP Holland, D (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
RI Johnson, Jacqueliine/G-7365-2011; Johnson, Jacqueline/P-4844-2014
OI Johnson, Jacqueline/0000-0003-0830-9275
NR 20
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 2
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 253
BP 192
EP 202
DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(99)00353-1
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 231EH
UT WOS:000082294800020
ER
PT J
AU Pilgrim, WC
Hosokawa, S
Saggau, H
Ross, M
Yang, LH
AF Pilgrim, WC
Hosokawa, S
Saggau, H
Ross, M
Yang, LH
TI Molecular aggregation in expanded liquid rubidium
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metal (LAM-10)
CY AUG 30-SEP 04, 1998
CL UNIV DORTMUND, DORTMUND, GERMANY
HO UNIV DORTMUND
ID DYNAMIC STRUCTURE FACTOR; MAGNETIC-SUSCEPTIBILITY; TRANSITION; METALS;
CESIUM; VAPOR
AB An investigation on the density dependence of the dynamic structure factor, S(Q,omega), for liquid rubidium was performed by inelastic neutron scattering experiments for a variety of conditions along the vapor pressure curve. Down to densities of about three times the critical density we found that the dynamics are still controlled by the metallic properties of the system. At higher temperatures and pressures and corresponding lower densities a deviation from these properties is found: at about twice the critical density S(Q,omega) is affected by molecular excitations. The effects of the excitations continue to even higher temperatures and lower densities. The interpretation of molecular excitations is qualitatively in accord with a simple model in which the total energy of Rb-lattices at 0 K is calculated from first principles. The agreement between theoretical and experimental results provides evidence for the appearance of molecules or clusters in expanded liquid alkali metals. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Marburg, Inst Phys Chem Nucl Chem & Macromol Chem, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Pilgrim, WC (reprint author), Univ Marburg, Inst Phys Chem Nucl Chem & Macromol Chem, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
NR 21
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 250
BP 154
EP 158
DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(99)00113-1
PN 1
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 231ED
UT WOS:000082294400031
ER
PT J
AU Tostmann, H
DiMasi, E
Ocko, BM
Deutsch, M
Pershan, PS
AF Tostmann, H
DiMasi, E
Ocko, BM
Deutsch, M
Pershan, PS
TI X-ray studies of liquid metal surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metal (LAM-10)
CY AUG 30-SEP 04, 1998
CL UNIV DORTMUND, DORTMUND, GERMANY
HO UNIV DORTMUND
ID REFLECTIVITY; GALLIUM; ALLOYS; FILMS
AB X-ray reflectivity and diffuse scattering measurements of the surface of liquid Hg, Ga and In are reviewed. For each metal surface induced layering is found. The surface structure of these metals is compared and differences are discussed in relation to bulk structural features such as the degree of covalency. Studies of modified liquid metal surfaces are also presented. The surface oxidation of liquid Ga, In and Hg is compared. Experimental results on surface segregation in Ga-In and Ga-Bi alloys and details of the surface wetting transition in Ga-Bi are also discussed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
RP Pershan, PS (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 33
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 250
BP 182
EP 190
DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(99)00226-4
PN 1
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 231ED
UT WOS:000082294400037
ER
PT J
AU Krishnan, S
Ansell, S
Price, DL
AF Krishnan, S
Ansell, S
Price, DL
TI X-ray diffraction on levitated liquids: application to liquid
80%Co-20%Pd alloy
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metal (LAM-10)
CY AUG 30-SEP 04, 1998
CL UNIV DORTMUND, DORTMUND, GERMANY
HO UNIV DORTMUND
ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; MELTS; OXIDE; METAL
AB We describe the use of a novel levitation apparatus for structural studies on liquid materials using synchrotron X-ray scattering. The apparatus has been employed in investigations of the structural properties of a range of liquid ceramic, metallic, and semiconducting materials in the temperature range of 1000-3500 K. The apparatus uses conical nozzle levitation to stably position solid and liquid specimens at temperatures >1000 K. Specimens are heated with a 270 W, CO2 laser to melt, overheat and supercool the specimens in the desired temperature range. We report the first measurements of the total structure factor, S(Q), and pair distributions function, G(r), of liquid 80%Co-20%Pd in both the normal and supercooled states. This alloy has been previously reported to exhibit magnetic order in the supercooled Liquid state. No abrupt structural change was observed as the alloy was supercooled, although it was not possible to cool the liquid to temperatures at which magnetic ordering has been reported. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Containerless Res Inc, Evanston, IL 60201 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60349 USA.
RP Krishnan, S (reprint author), Containerless Res Inc, 906 Univ Pl, Evanston, IL 60201 USA.
RI Price, David Long/A-8468-2013
NR 17
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 250
BP 286
EP 292
DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(99)00251-3
PN 1
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 231ED
UT WOS:000082294400056
ER
PT J
AU Barnes, AC
Hamilton, MA
Buchanan, P
Saboungi, ML
AF Barnes, AC
Hamilton, MA
Buchanan, P
Saboungi, ML
TI Combined X-ray and neutron diffraction from binary liquids and amorphous
semiconductors
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metal (LAM-10)
CY AUG 30-SEP 04, 1998
CL UNIV DORTMUND, DORTMUND, GERMANY
HO UNIV DORTMUND
ID SUBSTITUTION; SCATTERING; CHLORIDE
AB Neutron scattering and isotopic substitution has been established as a method of unambiguously determining the partial structure factors of binary liquid and amorphous materials. In this paper we present results of an extension of this method to include X-ray diffraction as a method of enhancing the structural information obtained. We have applied a combination of two neutron diffraction experiments using isotopic substitution and one X-ray diffraction experiment to obtain the partial structure factors and pair distribution functions of liquid TlSe. We have applied the anomalous X-ray diffraction technique to glassy PSe using the Se K-edge. The results show that the first sharp diffraction peak observed in this glass arises almost entirely from the P-P correlations. We have applied the combined X-ray anomalous scattering and neutron diffraction technique to obtain the partial structure factors of glassy GeO(2). The results from two independent data sets have been compared and are in good agreement. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Barnes, AC (reprint author), Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Tyndall Ave,Royal Fort, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England.
EM a.c.barnes@bristol.ac.uk
RI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013
OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815
NR 28
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 250
BP 393
EP 404
DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(99)00308-7
PN 2
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 231EF
UT WOS:000082294600001
ER
PT J
AU Sickafus, KE
Matzke, H
Hartmann, T
Yasuda, K
Valdez, JA
Chodak, P
Nastasi, M
Verrall, RA
AF Sickafus, KE
Matzke, H
Hartmann, T
Yasuda, K
Valdez, JA
Chodak, P
Nastasi, M
Verrall, RA
TI Radiation damage effects in zirconia
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th Workshop on Inert Matrix Fuel
CY OCT 19-20, 1998
CL VILLIGEN, SWITZERLAND
ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; ION-IMPLANTATION; FUEL MATERIAL;
IRRADIATION; SPINEL; POLYGONIZATION; BEAM; UO2
AB The evolution of radiation-induced damage in fully-stabilized, cubic zirconia (FSZ) (Y, Ca and Er dopants acting as stabilizers) and in pure, unstabilized, monoclinic zirconia, was investigated using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and ion channeling (RBS/C), along with X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). FSZ crystals were irradiated with 340-400 keV Xe++ ions and at temperatures ranging from 170 to 300 K, or with I-127(+) ions (72 MeV) at temperatures ranging from 300 to 1170 K. No amorphization of zirconia was found under any irradiation condition, though in the case of 72 MeV I+ ion irradiations, the irradiation-induced defect microstructure was observed to produce dechanneling effects in RBS/C measurements that reach the 'random' level. Damage accumulation in Xe-ion irradiation experiments on FSZ crystals was found to progress in three stages: (1) formation of isolated defect clusters; (2) a transition stage in which damage increases rapidly over a small range of ion dose, due to the linking of dislocations and defect clusters: and (3) a 'saturation' stage in which damage accumulation is retarded or increases only slowly with ion dose. The FSZ crystal composition does not seem to alter significantly the dose-dependence of these damage stages. Unstabilized, monoclinic ZrO2 was observed to transform to a higher symmetry, tetragonal or cubic phase, upon 340 keV Xe++ ion irradiation to Xe fluences in excess of 5 x 10(18) m(-2) (dose equivalent, similar to 2 displacements per atom or dpa) at 120 K. This transformation was accompanied by a densification of the ZrO2 phase by similar to 5%. No amorphization of the pure ZrO2 was observed to a Xe++ ion fluence equivalent to a peak displacement damage level of about 680 dpa. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Kyushu Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Technol & Safety Assessment Div, Los Alamos, NM USA.
AECL Res, Chalk River Labs, CANDU Technol Dev, Fuel & Fuel Cycle Div, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada.
RP Sickafus, KE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM kurt@lanl.gov
NR 56
TC 240
Z9 243
U1 3
U2 62
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 274
IS 1-2
BP 66
EP 77
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(99)00041-0
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 233XX
UT WOS:000082453400012
ER
PT J
AU Hassanein, A
Konkashbaev, I
AF Hassanein, A
Konkashbaev, I
TI Comprehensive physical models and simulation package for plasma/material
interactions during plasma instabilities
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 13th International Conference on Plasma-Surface Interactions in
Controlled Fusion Devices
CY MAY 18-22, 1998
CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA
SP Gen Atomics Co, US DOE
ID DISRUPTION; EROSION
AB Damage to plasma-facing components (PFCs) from plasma instabilities remains a major obstacle to a successful tokamak concept. The extent of the damage depends on the detailed physics of the disrupting plasma, as well as on the physics of plasma-material interactions. A comprehensive computer package called High Energy Interaction with General Heterogeneous Target Systems (HEIGHTS) has been developed and consists of several integrated computer models that follow the beginning of a plasma disruption at the scrape-off layer (SOL) through the transport of the eroded debris and splashed target materials to nearby locations as a result of the deposited energy. The package can study, for the first time, plasma-turbulent behavior in the SOL and predict the plasma parameters and conditions at the divertor plate. Full two-dimensional (2-D) comprehensive radiation magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models are coupled with target thermodynamics and liquid hydrodynamics to evaluate the integrated response of plasma-facing materials. Factors that influence the lifetime of plasma-facing and nearby components, such as loss of vapor cloud confinement and vapor removal due to MHD effects, damage to nearby components due to intense vapor radiation, melt splashing, and brittle destruction of target materials, are also modeled and discussed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Troitsk Inst Innovat & Fus Res, Troitsk, Russia.
RP Hassanein, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 19
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 2
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 273
IS 3
BP 326
EP 333
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(99)00052-5
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 219LT
UT WOS:000081609300013
ER
PT J
AU Xu, HF
Wang, YF
Barton, LL
AF Xu, HF
Wang, YF
Barton, LL
TI Application of a linear free energy relationship to crystalline solids
of MO2 and M(OH)(4)
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Letter
ID ZIRCONIA
AB In this letter, a linear free energy relationship developed by Sverjensky and Moiling is used to predict the Gibbs free energies of formation of crystalline phases of M4+O2 and M4+(OH)(4) from the known thermodynamic properties of aqueous tetravalent cations (M4+). The modified Sverjensky and Moiling equation for tetravalent cations is expressed as Delta(Gg,Mv,X)(0) = a(MvX)Delta G(n,M4+)(0) + b(MvX) + beta(MvX)gamma(M4+), where the coefficients a(Mv)X, b(MvX) and beta(MvX) characterize a particular structural family of MvX, r(M4+) is the ionic radius of M4+ cation, Delta G(f,MvX)(0) is the standard Gibbs free energy of formation of MvX, and Delta G(n,M4+)(0) is the standard non-solvation energy of cation M4+. By fitting the equation to the existing thermodynamic data, the coefficients in the equation for the MO2 family minerals are estimated to be: a(Mv)X = 0.670, beta(MvX) = 32 (kcal/mol Angstrom), and b = -430.02 (kcal/mol). The constrained relationship can be used to predict the standard Gibbs free energies of formation of crystalline phases and fictive phases (i.e., phases which are thermodynamically unstable and do not occur at standard conditions) within the isostructural families of M4+O2 and M4+(OH)(4) if the standard Gibbs free energies of formation of the tetravalent cations are known. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Xu, HF (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
NR 16
TC 14
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD AUG 1
PY 1999
VL 273
IS 3
BP 343
EP 346
DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(99)00092-6
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 219LT
UT WOS:000081609300016
ER
PT J
AU Wang, GJ
Volkow, ND
Fowler, JS
Logan, J
Pappas, NR
Wong, CT
Hitzemann, RJ
Netusil, N
AF Wang, GJ
Volkow, ND
Fowler, JS
Logan, J
Pappas, NR
Wong, CT
Hitzemann, RJ
Netusil, N
TI Reproducibility of repeated measures of endogenous dopamine competition
with [C-11]raclopride in the human brain in response to methylphenidate
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE [C-11]raclopride; methylphenidate; pharmacologic challenge; PET;
reproducibility
ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; EARLY PARKINSONS-DISEASE; NAIVE
SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; D2 RECEPTOR STATUS; C-11 RACLOPRIDE; D-2
RECEPTORS; DEPENDENT SUBJECTS; STRIATAL D-2; PET; AGE
AB The measure of changes in synaptic dopamine (DA) concentration in response to the psychostimulant drug methylphenidate (MP) has been used as an indicator of responsiveness of the DA system. The purpose of this study was to assess the reproducibility of these measures. Methods: Seven healthy subjects were scanned with PET and [C-11]raclopride twice in the same day: 7 min after placebo or methylphenidate (0.5 mg/kg) administration. In parallel we also measured the physiologic and behavioral responses to placebo and to methylphenidate. The same procedures were repeated 1-2 wk later to assess test-retest reproducibility. Results: Measures of plasma to brain transfer constant (K1), striatal distribution volume (DVstr) and DA D-2 receptor availability (Bmax/Kd), for the placebo condition were similar for the first (El) and second (E2) evaluations (Bmax/Kd, E1: 2.77 +/- 0.44; E2: 2.97 +/- 0.44). MP administration did not change K1, but it significantly decreased DVstr (E1: -25.9% +/- 8.7%, P less than or equal to 0.0002; E2: -20.7% +/- 11.7%, P less than or equal to 0.007) and Bmax/Kd (E1: -18.4% +/- 8.7%, P less than or equal to 0.002; E2: -13.4% +/- 9.2%, P less than or equal to 0.008), and the magnitude of these changes, though lower for E2, did not differ significantly MP increased pulse rate (E1: +64% +/- 43%, P less than or equal to 0.002; E2: +69% +/- 33%, P less than or equal to 0.001), systolic pressure (E1: +37% +/- 19%, P less than or equal to 0.0006; E2: +29% =/- 15%, P less than or equal to 0.0009), self reports for drug effects (0: nothing to 10: extreme) of "rush" (E1: +8 +/- 3, P less than or equal to 0.0004; E2: +6 +/- 4, P less than or equal to 0.01) and "high" (E1: +8 +/- 3, P less than or equal to 0.0001, E2: +8 +/- 3, P less than or equal to 0.0003), anxiety (El: +5 +/- 4, P less than or equal to 0.02; E2: +4 +/- 4, P = 0.1) and restlessness (E1: +4 +/- 4, P less than or equal to 0.04; E2: +4 +/- 5, P = 0.1). The magnitude of the cardiovascular and behavioral effects did not differ between El and E2. Conclusion: MP-induced changes in striatal DV and in Bmax/Kd, as well as the behavioral and cardiovascular effects, were reproducible with repeated administration.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Radiol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychiat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Northport, NY USA.
RP Wang, GJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA 09481-04]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA 06891-02]
NR 41
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 1
PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC
PI RESTON
PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA
SN 0161-5505
J9 J NUCL MED
JI J. Nucl. Med.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 40
IS 8
BP 1285
EP 1291
PG 7
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 224MF
UT WOS:000081902300010
PM 10450679
ER
PT J
AU Autrey, T
Foster, N
Klepzig, K
AF Autrey, T
Foster, N
Klepzig, K
TI Nanojoules, nanoliters and nanosecond calorimetry
SO JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE photoacoustic; time-resolved; nanoscale; capillary
ID RESOLVED PHOTOACOUSTIC CALORIMETRY; HIGH-PRESSURE; ELECTRON-TRANSFER;
BOND STRENGTHS; N-HEPTANE; SPECTROSCOPY; ENERGY; PHOTOLYSIS; ENERGETICS;
MOLECULES
AB A nano-scale time-resolved calorimetric experimental approach is described using a photoacoustic cell made from narrow-bore flexible fused-silica capillary tubing. The fused silica capillary permits the transmission of an excitation source from the deep UV to the near infrared. Methods to couple the excitation energy into the sample and the acoustic energy away from the sample to the detector are discussed. To demonstrate the unique capabilities of the fused silica capillary cell, the excited triplet state energy (E-t) and lifetime (tau) of benzophenone (Bp) in the presence and absence of a quencher was measured. Irradiation of an air-saturated acetonitrile solution of Bp in the nano-scale photoacoustic cell, (i.e., absorption of ca. 100 nJ in a sample volume of 30 nl), yielded E-t = 69.5 +/- 1.4 kcal/mol and a tau of a few hundred nanoseconds. In the presence of potassium iodide (KI), a Bp*(3) quencher, the lifetime was significantly reduced. The rate of tripler quenching by KI (k(q) = 3.9 +/- 0.2 x 10(9) M-1 s(-1)) was determined from the slope of the Stern-Volmer plot of 1/tau observed versus quencher concentration. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Chem Sci, Environm & Hlth Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Autrey, T (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Chem Sci, Environm & Hlth Sci Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 1010-6030
J9 J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO A
JI J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 125
IS 1-3
BP 13
EP 19
DI 10.1016/S1010-6030(99)00054-4
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 227VA
UT WOS:000082099600002
ER
PT J
AU Dukowicz, JK
Greatbatch, RJ
AF Dukowicz, JK
Greatbatch, RJ
TI Evolution of mean-flow Fofonoff gyres in barotropic quasigeostrophic
turbulence
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUILIBRIUM STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; SCALE OCEAN MODEL; POTENTIAL
VORTICITY; GEOSTROPHIC TURBULENCE; TOPOGRAPHIC STRESS; NORTH-ATLANTIC;
CIRCULATION; DRIVEN; PARAMETERIZATION
AB Numerical experiments are performed over a wide range of parameters to show that mean flows in the form of Fofonoff gyres, characterized by a linear relationship between streamfunction and potential vorticity, are universally produced in the statistically steady state of inviscid unforced barotropic quasigeostrophic turbulence, provided that the initial state is sufficiently well resolved. Further, as the resolution is increased, the mean-how energy approaches the total energy, and the mean-flow potential enstrophy reaches a minimum value, which is lower than the value with no how. This is in agreement with the predictions of the theory of equilibrium statistical mechanics. The timescale for the appearance of these flows is on the order of 5-10 tau(e), where tau(e) is a mean eddy turnover time. When viscosity is turned on. the mean-flow Fofonoff gyres become internally homogenized and eventually disappear entirely as the flow decays to zero. This evolution of the gyres can be universally scaled with a timescale tau(nu) = delta(2)/nu, where delta is the Rhines scale and nu is the viscosity coefficient. There is an initial period of very rapid adjustment on a timescale of similar to 0.005 tau(nu) at the enstrophy accumulated at very high wave-numbers is dissipated, followed by an intermediate period with a timescale of similar to 0.04 tau(nu) during which the gyres are homogenized, and finally a period of gyre decay on a timescale of similar to 0.3 tau(nu). In general, there is a competition between the statistical tendency to organize the mean flow into Fofonoff gyres and the tendency for homogenization, with the tendency to form Fofonoff gyres being always overwhelmed given a sufficiently long time. Thus, the issue of whether statistical mean flows, such as Fofonoff gyres, emerge and play a role depends on the relative magnitude of the two timescales, tau(e) and tau(nu).
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS, Canada.
RP Dukowicz, JK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-3 Mail Stop B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 25
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 29
IS 8
BP 1832
EP 1852
DI 10.1175/1520-0485(1999)029<1832:EOMFFG>2.0.CO;2
PN 1
PG 21
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 236PG
UT WOS:000082607300013
ER
PT J
AU Smith, RD
AF Smith, RD
TI The primitive equations in the stochastic theory of adiabatic stratified
turbulence
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN CIRCULATION MODELS; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; EDDY TRANSFER;
GENERAL-CIRCULATION; TRACER TRANSPORTS; MOMENTUM; FLUXES;
PARAMETERIZATION; SENSITIVITY; SURFACES
AB The stochastic theory of compressible turbulent fluid transport recently developed by Dukowicz and Smith is applied to the ensemble-mean primitive equations (PEs) for adiabatic stratified flow. The theory predicts a generalized Gent-McWilliams form for the bolus velocity and a single symmetric positive-definite diffusivity tensor for along-isopycnal Fickian diffusion of layer thickness and tracer distributions. When the theory is applied to the active tracer potential vorticity it provides constraints on the form of the Reynolds correlation in the momentum equation, and the turbulence closure problem is reduced to the determination of one 2 x 2 symmetric diffusivity tensor and one scalar field related to the eddy kinetic energy. The role of the rotational eddy fluxes of thickness, tracers, and potential vorticity is investigated, and a key feature of the closure is that the mean PEs ilo not depend on the gauge field associated with the rotational component of thickness flux, thereby eliminating the need to parameterize it. The relationship between this closure and closure schemes proposed by others in the quasigeostrophic regime is discussed. II is shown that the eddy-induced transport velocity can be parameterized as diffusion of either thickness or potential vorticity, and the resulting closure schemes are equivalent in the quasigeostrophic regime. The implications of the theory for energy and enstrophy balances are also discussed.
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-3,Mail Stop B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 38
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 29
IS 8
BP 1865
EP 1880
DI 10.1175/1520-0485(1999)029<1865:TPEITS>2.0.CO;2
PN 1
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 236PG
UT WOS:000082607300015
ER
PT J
AU Tranquada, JM
Ichikawa, N
Kakurai, K
Uchida, S
AF Tranquada, JM
Ichikawa, N
Kakurai, K
Uchida, S
TI Charge segregation and antiferromagnetism in high-T-c superconductors
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE superconductors; neutron scattering; charge-density waves; spin-density
waves
ID COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; MUON SPIN RELAXATION; STRIPE-PHASE ORDER;
MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS; LA2-XSRXCUO4; DEPENDENCE; PSEUDOGAP;
LA1.6-XND0.4SRXCUO4; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; YBA2CU3O6.6
AB Local antiferromagnetism coexists with superconductivity in the cuprates. Charge segregation provides a way to reconcile these properties. Direct evidence for modulated spin and charge densities has been found in neutron and X-ray scattering studies of Nd-doped La2-xSrxCuO4. Here we discuss the nature of the modulation, and present some new results for a Zn-doped sample. Some of the open questions concerning the connections between segregation and superconductivity are described. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd, All rights reserved.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 113, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Minato Ku, Tokyo 1068666, Japan.
RP Tranquada, JM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009
OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857
NR 33
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1019
EP 1023
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00041-4
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000005
ER
PT J
AU Yamada, K
Kurahashi, K
Endoh, Y
Birgeneau, RJ
Shirane, G
AF Yamada, K
Kurahashi, K
Endoh, Y
Birgeneau, RJ
Shirane, G
TI Neutron scattering study on electron-hole doping symmetry of high-T-c
superconductivity
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE magnetic materials; superconductors; neutron scattering;
superconductivity; spin-density waves
ID SPIN CORRELATIONS; ORDER; LA2-XSRXCUO4
AB We review recent results of neutron scattering experiment on spin correlations for both hole-doped La2-xSr2CuO4+y and electron-doped Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4+y superconductors, For the former, hole-doping induces an incommensurate spin density modulation along the Cu-O bonds. For the latter, we observed well-defined spin fluctuations in the superconducting phase (T-c approximate to 18 K) for the first time. In contrast to the hole-doping, the electron-doping induces no well-defined incommensurate spin modulation; the magnetic signal appears at ( pi, pi) with a q-width broader than in the as-grown antiferromagnetic phase. For both systems a static magnetic order was observed in the superconducting state. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Uji 6110011, Japan.
Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 98077, Japan.
MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Yamada, K (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Uji 6110011, Japan.
RI Yamada, Kazuyoshi/C-2728-2009
NR 16
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1025
EP 1030
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00042-6
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000006
ER
PT J
AU Shirane, G
AF Shirane, G
TI Magnetism of doped CuGeO3
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE magnetic materials; oxides; neutron scattering; phase transitions
ID SPIN-PEIERLS SYSTEMS; LONG-RANGE ORDER; ANTIFERROMAGNETIC PHASES;
CU1-XZNXGEO3; EXCITATIONS; TRANSITION
AB A review of the recent neutron scattering experiments on doped Cu(Zn,Mg)Ge(Si)O-3 is presented. A unique antiferromagnetic (AF) ordering co-exists with the spin-Peierls ordering (SP) and their spin wave profiles were characterized by inelastic neutron scattering. Very recently a novel phase diagram was proposed by Masuda et al. for Cu1-xMgxGeO3. At the critical concentration of 2.3% Mg, the SP phase suddenly disappears and only the AF phase remains at a higher x. The neutron scattering work by Nakao et al. further characterizes this interesting phase diagram. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Shirane, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1031
EP 1037
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00043-8
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000007
ER
PT J
AU Kawano, H
Takeya, H
Yoshizawa, H
Kadowaki, K
AF Kawano, H
Takeya, H
Yoshizawa, H
Kadowaki, K
TI Weak ferromagnetic ordering in the superconducting state of
(ErNi2B2C)-B-11
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE superconductors; magnetic materials; neutron scattering; electrical
conductivity; magnetic properties
ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; FLUX-LINE-LATTICE; ANTIFERROMAGNETIC ORDER;
MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE; VORTEX PHASE; ERNI2B2C; COEXISTENCE; TRANSITION;
YNI2B2C; COMPETITION
AB Recently a possible coexistence of weak ferromagnetism and superconductivity was proposed for ErNi2B2C. We have performed unpolarized neutron diffraction experiments on a large single crystal, and demonstrate that such an exotic phase is realized in this system below T-WF = 2.5 K, However, the virgin magnetization curve shows diamagnetic behavior even below T-WF, indicating that there is no spontaneous vortex phase in a ZFC process. In addition, we also discuss future prospects of our project based on the results presented in this paper. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Natl Res Inst Met, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Neutron Scattering Lab, ISSP, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
Univ Tsukuba, Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050006, Japan.
RP Kawano, H (reprint author), RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
RI Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/M-7695-2016; Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/M-7646-2016
OI Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/0000-0003-4713-3727; Kawano-Furukawa,
Hazuki/0000-0003-4713-3727
NR 30
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1053
EP 1057
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00046-3
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000010
ER
PT J
AU Yethiraj, M
Kawano, H
Paul, DM
Tomy, CV
Takeya, H
Yoshizawa, H
AF Yethiraj, M
Kawano, H
Paul, DM
Tomy, CV
Takeya, H
Yoshizawa, H
TI Nonlocal effects in the superconductor (YNi2B2C)-B-11
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE superconductivity; non-local effects; rare-earth nickel borocarbide
ID YNI2B2C
AB Flux lines repel each other, thus a hexagonal lattice which maximizes the distance between them is generally the lowest energy configuration. In the rare-earth nickel borocarbide superconductor YNi2B2C, square lattices of flux lines have been observed when the field is parallel to the c-axis, Using the c-axis penetration depth as a gauge, we find that the cross-section of an individual flux line has a four-fold symmetry, which makes square lattices energetically favored over the more prosaic hexagonal ordering. The dependence of the penetration depth within the basal plane is discussed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
Natl Res Inst Met, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, ISSP, Neutron Scattering Lab, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
RP Yethiraj, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/M-7695-2016; Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/M-7646-2016
OI Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/0000-0003-4713-3727; Kawano-Furukawa,
Hazuki/0000-0003-4713-3727
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1059
EP 1062
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00047-5
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000011
ER
PT J
AU Kimura, H
Matsushita, H
Hirota, K
Endoh, Y
Yamada, K
Lee, YS
Kastner, MA
Birgeneau, RJ
AF Kimura, H
Matsushita, H
Hirota, K
Endoh, Y
Yamada, K
Lee, YS
Kastner, MA
Birgeneau, RJ
TI Neutron scattering study of incommensurate elastic magnetic peaks in
La1.88Sr0.12CuO4
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE superconductors; neutron scattering; magnetic properties;
superconductivity
ID SPIN CORRELATIONS; LA2-XSRXCUO4; ORDER; LA2CUO4; LA2-XBAXCUO4;
EXCITATIONS; PURE
AB Elastic magnetic peaks around (pi, pi) have been studied in La2-xSrxCuO4 (LSCO) by neutron scattering. Recently in super-conducting LSCO of x = 0.12, we found that the incommensurate elastic peak (IC peak) appears around 31 K which is very close to T-c. The line width reaches almost resolution limit, which indicates that the static magnetic correlation length exceeds 200 Angstrom(-1) isotropically in the CuO2 planes. Furthermore recently in the course of studying the IC peak, we found the new experimental condition where the signals can be observed more clearly. The signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is much more improved (similar to 1.4) than that at the previous experiment (similar to 0.6). (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Uji, Kyoto 6100011, Japan.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Kimura, H (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
RI Yamada, Kazuyoshi/C-2728-2009
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1067
EP 1070
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00049-9
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000013
ER
PT J
AU Wakimoto, S
Yamada, K
Ueki, S
Shirane, G
Lee, YS
Kastner, MA
Hirota, K
Gehring, PM
Endoh, Y
Birgeneau, RJ
AF Wakimoto, S
Yamada, K
Ueki, S
Shirane, G
Lee, YS
Kastner, MA
Hirota, K
Gehring, PM
Endoh, Y
Birgeneau, RJ
TI Neutron scattering study of elastic magnetic signals in superconducting
La1.94Sr0.06CuO4
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE superconductors; crystal growth; neutron scattering; magnetic
properties; superconductivity
ID LA2-XSRXCUO4
AB Recent neutron-scattering experiments on La2-xSrxCuO4 single crystals by Wakimoto et al. (unpublished) have revealed that elastic magnetic peaks appear at low temperatures in both insulating (x = 0.02-0.05) and superconducting (x = 0.06) samples. We have carried out further investigations particularly on the elastic incommensurate peaks for x = 0.06, and found that the integrated intensity drastically changes across the low temperature insulator-superconductor boundary; the intensity of x = 0.06 is four times smaller than that of x = 0.05, whereas the intensity in the insulating region stays constant. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Hirota, K (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
RI Yamada, Kazuyoshi/C-2728-2009;
OI Gehring, Peter/0000-0002-9236-2046
NR 7
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1079
EP 1081
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00052-9
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000016
ER
PT J
AU Nishi, M
Kakurai, K
Fujii, Y
Katano, S
Akimitsu, J
Yethiraj, M
Fernandez-baca, JA
AF Nishi, M
Kakurai, K
Fujii, Y
Katano, S
Akimitsu, J
Yethiraj, M
Fernandez-baca, JA
TI New aspects of the b*-LA phonon of CuGeO3
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE oxides; neutron scattering; phonons; lattice dynamics; phase transitions
ID SPIN-PEIERLS TRANSITION; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; COMPOUND CUGEO3; SCATTERING
AB We performed high resolution measurements of the b*-LA phonon branch of CuGeO3 by inelastic neutron scattering. From the results it was clarified that the b*-LA broad branch reported earlier is composed of two phonon branches with excitation energies very nearby. The second branch close to this b*-LA mode cannot be assigned in the space group Pbmm and it may indicate that a twisting motion of GeO4 tetrahedra couples to the b*-LA mode, This coupling may be an indispensable ingredient for the spin-Peierls transition in CuGeO3. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd, All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Tokyo, ISSP, Neutron Scattering Lab, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
JAERI, ASRC, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191196, Japan.
Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Phys, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 1578572, Japan.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Nishi, M (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, ISSP, Neutron Scattering Lab, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
RI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/C-3984-2014
OI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/0000-0001-9080-5096
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1109
EP 1111
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00062-1
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000024
ER
PT J
AU Nakao, H
Nishi, M
Fujii, Y
Masuda, T
Tsukada, I
Uchinokura, K
Hirota, K
Shirane, G
AF Nakao, H
Nishi, M
Fujii, Y
Masuda, T
Tsukada, I
Uchinokura, K
Hirota, K
Shirane, G
TI Neutron scattering study of doped spin-Peierls compound (Cu1-xMgx)GeO3
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE magnetic material; neutron scattering; phase transitions; magnetic
properties
ID ANTIFERROMAGNETIC PHASES; TRANSITION; CUGEO3
AB Comprehensive neutron scattering experiments were carried out on a series of wide concentration range x = 0.017-0.082 in (Cu1-xMgx)GeO3. The obtained temperature-concentration T-x phase diagram is consistent with the previous magnetic susceptibility data except for the spin-Peierls (SP) phase in a region at x > x(c), where the existence of short-range ordered SP state was observed for the first time even below T-SP (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Neutron Scattering Lab, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.
Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Nakao, H (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Neutron Scattering Lab, 106-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
NR 4
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1117
EP 1119
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00069-4
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000026
ER
PT J
AU Matsuda, M
Katsumata, K
Zheludev, A
Shapiro, SM
Shirane, G
AF Matsuda, M
Katsumata, K
Zheludev, A
Shapiro, SM
Shirane, G
TI Neutron scattering study in BaNiO2
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE oxides; crystal growth; neutron scattering; magnetic properties
ID STATE
AB Inelastic neutron scattering measurements have been performed on a single crystal of BaNiO2. A paramagnetic scattering originating from dilute moments was observed, suggesting that BaNiO2, is non-magnetic. The possible origin of the nonmagnetic ground state is discussed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Matsuda, M (reprint author), RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
RI Matsuda, Masaaki/A-6902-2016
OI Matsuda, Masaaki/0000-0003-2209-9526
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1121
EP 1123
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00070-0
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000027
ER
PT J
AU Kajimoto, R
Yoshizawa, H
Kawano, H
Kuwahara, H
Tokura, Y
AF Kajimoto, R
Yoshizawa, H
Kawano, H
Kuwahara, H
Tokura, Y
TI Quasi-elastic ferromagnetic excitations in Nd1/2Sr1/2MnO3
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE oxides; crystal growth; neutron scattering; magnetic properties
ID SPIN DYNAMICS; TRANSITION; FIELD
AB We have investigated the ferromagnetic spin fluctuations in Nd1/2Sr1/2MnO3, which shows relatively weak colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) behavior at Tc. An intense quasielastic fluctuation, a so-called central peak, develops at around the ferromagnetic transition temperature. By comparing the results with those observed in other CMR manganites, we examine which feature of the central component is essential to the CMR phenomenon. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Tokyo, ISSP, Neutron Scattering Lab, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
JRCAT, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058562, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.
RP Kajimoto, R (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, ISSP, Neutron Scattering Lab, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
RI Tokura, Yoshinori/C-7352-2009; Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/M-7695-2016;
Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/M-7646-2016
OI Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/0000-0003-4713-3727; Kawano-Furukawa,
Hazuki/0000-0003-4713-3727
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1177
EP 1180
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00077-3
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000041
ER
PT J
AU Kosugi, T
Amezawa, K
Yamamoto, N
Kawano, S
Fernandez-Baca, JA
AF Kosugi, T
Amezawa, K
Yamamoto, N
Kawano, S
Fernandez-Baca, JA
TI Neutron diffraction studies of the magnetic structures of Tb0.76Y0.24
Single crystal under high pressure
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE magnetic materials; high pressure; neutron scattering; magnetic
structure
ID SCATTERING; HOLMIUM; ERBIUM
AB The effects of high pressure on the magnetic structure of Tb0.76Y0.24 have been investigated by neutron diffraction using a clamp type high pressure cell, Pressure was applied up to about 2.4 GPa and temperature, down to about 10 K, The magnetic structure of Tb0.76Y0.24 exhibits a helical phase both under high pressure and at ambient pressure, The helical pitch shows a lock-in feature below about 100 K, With increasing pressure, the helical pitch is enhanced, and a lock-in feature at low temperature still remains, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Human & Environm Studies, Kyoto 6068501, Japan.
Kyoto Univ, Inst Res Reactor, Osaka 5900494, Japan.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Human & Environm Studies, Kyoto 6068501, Japan.
RI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/C-3984-2014
OI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/0000-0001-9080-5096
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
EI 1879-2553
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1225
EP 1228
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00090-6
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000054
ER
PT J
AU Loong, CK
AF Loong, CK
TI Neutron scattering studies of industry-relevant materials: connecting
microscopic behavior to applied properties
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE ceramics; nanostructures; neutron scattering; microstructure; phonons
ID DENSITY-OF-STATES; LEAD-INDIUM PHOSPHATE; EARTH ENERGY-LEVELS;
MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; LATTICE-PARAMETERS;
MODIFIED ZIRCONIA; PHONON DENSITIES; NITRIDE; ALUMINA
AB Certain systems of oxides, nitrides and carbides have been recognized as the basic components of advanced materials for applications such as engineering and electronic ceramics, catalysts, sensors, etc. under extreme environments. An understanding of the basic atomic and electronic properties of these systems will benefit enormously the industrial development of new materials featuring tailored properties. We present an overview of neutron scattering studies of the crystal phases, microstructure, phonon and magnetic excitations of key materials including rare-earth phosphates, phosphate glasses, nanostructured metal oxides, as well as silicon nitride and silicon carbide ceramics. A close collaboration among neutron scattering experimentation, molecular-dynamics simulation and material synthesis is emphasized. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Loong, CK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Bldg 360, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1397
EP 1401
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00127-4
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000091
ER
PT J
AU Suzuya, K
Price, DL
Loong, CK
Kohara, S
AF Suzuya, K
Price, DL
Loong, CK
Kohara, S
TI The structure of magnesium phosphate glasses
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE glasses; neutron scattering
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION
AB The structures of (MgO)(x)(P2O5)(100-x) glasses, with x = 40, 50, 60, have been studied by neutron diffraction. For all glasses the Mg-O coordination number NMg-O is around 6, Although no abrupt change in NMg-O around the metaphosphate composition (x = 50) was observed, the mean value and distribution of Mg-O distances changed with increases in the MgO content from 50 to 60 mol% and 40 to 50 mol%, respectively. The quasi-periodicity of the intermediate-range order contracts with an increase in MgO content from 50 to 60 mol%, These changes may represent the structural origin of the phosphate glass anomaly, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd, All rights reserved.
C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, SPring 8, Sayo, Hyogo 6795143, Japan.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Japan Synchtrotron Radiat Res Inst, Sayo, Hyogo 6795198, Japan.
RP Suzuya, K (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, SPring 8, Sayo, Hyogo 6795143, Japan.
EM suzuya@spring8.or.jp
RI Price, David Long/A-8468-2013
NR 16
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
EI 1879-2553
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1457
EP 1460
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00140-7
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000105
ER
PT J
AU Lee, CH
Yu, KL
Huang, JCA
Felcher, G
AF Lee, CH
Yu, KL
Huang, JCA
Felcher, G
TI Study of the interface roughness using polarized neutron and X-ray
reflectivity on MBE permalloy thin films
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Institute-for-Solid-State-Physics Symposium on Frontiers in Neutron
Scattering Research (ISSP7)
CY NOV 24-27, 1998
CL TOKYO, JAPAN
SP Inst Solid State Phys
DE thin films; X-ray diffraction; neutron scattering; magnetic structure
ID GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE
AB Polarized neutron and X-ray reflectivity methods have been used to study the permalloy epitaxial thin films on sapphire with Cr as a buffer layer. The reflectivity result indicates that the magnetic interface is smoother than the chemical interface. It is possible that the magnetic moment of the intrusive Ni or Fe atoms across the interface can be assimilated by the near-by Cr atoms or the other way around. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Engn & Syst Sci, Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan.
Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Nucl Reactor Div, Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan.
Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Phys, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Lee, CH (reprint author), Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Engn & Syst Sci, Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan.
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3697
J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS
JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 60
IS 8-9
BP 1491
EP 1494
DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00151-1
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 226AK
UT WOS:000081998000112
ER
PT J
AU Bass, BR
McAfee, WJ
Bryson, JW
Pennell, WE
AF Bass, BR
McAfee, WJ
Bryson, JW
Pennell, WE
TI An investigation of cladding effects on shallow-flaw fracture toughness
of reactor pressure vessel steel under prototypic biaxial loading
SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
AB Potential structural-integrity benefits or liabilities of the stainless steel cladding on the inner surface of a reactor pressure vessel (RPV) are important considerations in the effort to refine or improve safety assessment procedures applied to RPVs, Clad-beam tests were carried out to investigate and quantify effects of the clad structure on fracture initiation toughness of through-clad shallow surface flaws in RPV material. A cruciform beam specimen Was developed at ORNL to introduce a prototypic, far-field, out-of-plane biaxial stress component that provides a linear approximation of the nonlinear stress distribution generated by thermo-mechanical loading transients in an RPV. The cruciform specimens (102-mm-thick test section) were fabricated from RPV shelf segments available from a canceled pressurized-water reactor plant, The specimens were tested under biaxial load ratios ranging from 0.0 (uniaxial) to 1.0 (full biaxial), the ratio being defined as the total load applied to the transverse beam arms divided by that applied to the longitudinal arms, The rest results imply that biaxial loading is effective in reducing the shallow-flaw-fracture toughness of the clad/heat-affected zone/structural-weld region of the RPV shell below that determined from uniaxial loading conditions. The lowest toughness value from the clad cruciform specimens tested under biaxial loading is only slightly above the ASME Section XI K-Ic curve. For all biaxiality ratios, the test results imply that shallow-flaw fracture toughness data from the RPV structural weld material are significantly lower than that obtained from a high-yield strength plate material.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Heavy Sect Steel Technol Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Bass, BR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Heavy Sect Steel Technol Program, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0094-9930
J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME
JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 121
IS 3
BP 257
EP 268
DI 10.1115/1.2883701
PG 12
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 227VP
UT WOS:000082100900004
ER
PT J
AU Siewert, CE
Wright, SJ
AF Siewert, CE
Wright, SJ
TI Efficient eigenvalue calculations in radiative transfer
SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
AB An efficient method is used to compute the eigenvalues required in a discrete-ordinates solution to a special class of radiative-transfer problems. The basis for this computation is an algorithm for finding eigenvalues of a matrix that consists of the sum of a diagonal matrix and a rank-one matrix, a form that can arise in a discrete-ordinates solution of some basic transport problems. To illustrate the efficiency of the approach, a radiative-transfer problem relevant to a non-gray model with scattering that allows complete frequency redistribution is discussed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Siewert, CE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Box 8205, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
NR 7
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4073
J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA
JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 62
IS 6
BP 685
EP 688
DI 10.1016/S0022-4073(98)00099-5
PG 4
WC Optics; Spectroscopy
SC Optics; Spectroscopy
GA 196CT
UT WOS:000080292000005
ER
PT J
AU Mong, GM
Campbell, JA
AF Mong, GM
Campbell, JA
TI Analysis of phosphate-related components in Hanford tank wastes
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
AB Several organophosphorus compounds including tributyl phosphate (TBP), bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (D2EHP), and dibutyl butyl phosphonate (DBBP) were used as extractants at the Hanford site. The mass spectral fragmentation patterns of various organosphosphorus compounds have been interpreted and used to predict the identity of phosphate-related components and their degradation products in tank waste.
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Adv Organ Analyt Methods Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Mong, GM (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Adv Organ Analyt Methods Grp, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0236-5731
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 241
IS 2
BP 297
EP 306
DI 10.1007/BF02347465
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 225XN
UT WOS:000081991400007
ER
PT J
AU Banaszak, JE
Rittmann, BE
Reed, DT
AF Banaszak, JE
Rittmann, BE
Reed, DT
TI Subsurface interactions of actinide species and microorganisms:
Implications for the bioremediation of actinide-organic mixtures
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
ID NUCLEAR WASTE-DISPOSAL; SOLUBLE MICROBIAL PRODUCTS;
METAL-NITRILOTRIACETATE COMPLEXES; CHELATOBACTER-HEINTZII; CITRATE
COMPLEXES; NATURAL-WATERS; TOXIC METALS; REDUCTIVE DEHALOGENATION;
PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS; METHANOGENIC CONDITIONS
AB By reviewing how microorganisms interact with actinides in subsurface environments, we assess how bioremediation controls the fate of actinides. Actinides often ate co-contaminants with strong organic chelators, chlorinated solvents, and fuel hydrocarbons. Bioremediation can immobilize the actinides, biodegrade the co-contaminants, or both. Actinides at the IV oxidation state are the least soluble, and microorganisms accelerate precipitation by altering the actinide's oxidation state or its speciation. We describe how microorganisms directly oxidize or reduce actinides and how microbiological reactions that biodegrade strong organic chelators, alter the pH, and consume or produce precipitating anions strongly affect actinide speciation and, therefore, mobility. We explain why inhibition caused by chemical or radiolytic toxicities uniquely affects microbial reactions. Due to the complex interactions of the microbiological and chemical phenomena, mathematical modeling is an essential tool for research on and application of bioremedation involving co-contamination with actinides, We describe the development of mathematical models that link microbiological and geochemical reactions. Throughout, we identify the key research needs.
C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Actinide Speciat & Chem Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Banaszak, JE (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Civil Engn, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
NR 291
TC 47
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 241
IS 2
BP 385
EP 435
DI 10.1007/BF02347481
PG 51
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 225XN
UT WOS:000081991400023
ER
PT J
AU Chamberlin, RM
Abney, KD
AF Chamberlin, RM
Abney, KD
TI Strontium and cesium extraction into hydrocarbons using alkyl cobalt
dicarbollide and polyethylene glycols (vol 240, pg 547, 1999)
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Chamberlin, RM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, CST-11,MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Chamberlin, Rebecca/A-1335-2011
OI Chamberlin, Rebecca/0000-0001-6468-7778
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0236-5731
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 241
IS 2
BP 437
EP 438
DI 10.1007/BF02347483
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 225XN
UT WOS:000081991400025
ER
PT J
AU Woodward, NB
AF Woodward, NB
TI Competitive macroscopic deformation processes
SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FAULT-PROPAGATION FOLDS; BRITTLE-DUCTILE TRANSITION; SINGLE-LAYER FOLDS;
LOST RIVER RANGE; THRUST BELT; SEDIMENTARY-ROCKS; SOUTHWEST VIRGINIA;
TRANSECTED FOLDS; DETACHMENT FOLDS; RIDGE PROVINCE
AB Macroscopic deformation mechanisms such as folding, fracturing-faulting and formation of rock fabrics compete with one another in a fashion similar to the competition among crystalline deformation mechanisms such as cataclasis, grain boundary sliding, dislocation creep and diffusive mass transfer. Many authors seek to develop a unique structural chronology for a given field area based on what are considered exclusive overprinting relationships between structures. In contrast the approach taken here suggests that relative changes in external or internal variables within a rock mass can cause significantly different 'dominant' types of macroscopic deformation to be developed in hand specimen and/or outcrop at the same time. Rather than representing distinct structural 'facies', observed dominant macroscopic features are waypoints in continuum processes. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 US DOE, Geosci Res Program, Germantown, MD 20874 USA.
RP Woodward, NB (reprint author), US DOE, Geosci Res Program, SC-15,19901 Germantown Rd, Germantown, MD 20874 USA.
NR 92
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0191-8141
J9 J STRUCT GEOL
JI J. Struct. Geol.
PD AUG-SEP
PY 1999
VL 21
IS 8-9
BP 1209
EP 1218
DI 10.1016/S0191-8141(99)00076-0
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 229KK
UT WOS:000082193600037
ER
PT J
AU Rose, JH
Bilgen, M
Roux, P
Fink, M
AF Rose, JH
Bilgen, M
Roux, P
Fink, M
TI Time-reversal mirrors and rough surfaces: Theory
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID ACOUSTICS
AB A systematic study is presented of the sensitivity of acoustic time-reversal mirrors (TRMs) to errors. One result is a novel acoustic method for determining the root-mean-square, rms, height and the surface-height autocorrelation function of rough surfaces. In particular, the effects of misregistering a TRM are studied with respect to a rough surface-the reflected wavefield is recorded in one place, time reversed, and then rebroadcast in a second place. This displacement causes the signal to depend importantly on the surface's rms height and autocorrelation function. Simple closed-form formulas are presented for determining, the rms height and the normalized surface-height autocorrelation function for both deterministic and randomly rough surfaces. Also presented is a numerical study that illustrates the statistical uncertainty in and the spatial resolution of the proposed method. An accompanying experimental article tests the proposed method with measurements made on a number of different rough surfaces. (C) 1999 Acoustical Society of America. [S001-4966(99)02107-4].
C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA.
Univ Paris 07, ESPCI, Lab Ondes & Acoust, F-75005 Paris, France.
RP Rose, JH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RI roux, philippe/B-8538-2014; fink, mathias/M-9437-2016;
OI Fink, Mathias/0000-0002-8494-7562
NR 12
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD AUG
PY 1999
VL 106
IS 2
BP 716
EP 723
DI 10.1121/1.427089
PG 8
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 225YN
UT WOS:000081993700020
ER
EF