FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Phair, L Beaulieu, L Moretto, LG Wozniak, GJ AF Phair, L Beaulieu, L Moretto, LG Wozniak, GJ TI The reducible and thermal nature of nuclear multifragmentation. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 030-NUCL BP U327 EP U327 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001060 ER PT J AU Philips, DR Taylor, WA Peterson, EJ Zhuikov, B Kokhanyuk, V Konyakhin, N Kitten, JJ Ott, MA Garcia, JG Hamilton, VT Jamriska, DJ Valdez, FO McCurdy, LM Lowe, CE Jacobson, LL Heaton, RC AF Philips, DR Taylor, WA Peterson, EJ Zhuikov, B Kokhanyuk, V Konyakhin, N Kitten, JJ Ott, MA Garcia, JG Hamilton, VT Jamriska, DJ Valdez, FO McCurdy, LM Lowe, CE Jacobson, LL Heaton, RC TI Production of strontium-82 for the cardiogen PET generator. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 015-IEC BP U917 EP U917 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902694 ER PT J AU Phillips, DR Brzezinski, MA Hamilton, VT Kudela, RM AF Phillips, DR Brzezinski, MA Hamilton, VT Kudela, RM TI Silicon-32: Diatoms, the silicon cycle, and the climate. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, CST, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 074-NUCL BP U339 EP U339 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001103 ER PT J AU Pohl, PI Fisler, DK Nenoff, TM AF Pohl, PI Fisler, DK Nenoff, TM TI Simulations of pore diffusion and adsorption in zeolites. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengn Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 013-CATL BP U282 EP U282 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100857 ER PT J AU Pomes, R Hummer, G AF Pomes, R Hummer, G TI Conformational isomerization of a proposed proton shuttle in cytochrome c oxidase. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Helsinki, Dept Med Chem, Helsinki Bioenerget Grp, Helsinki 00014, Finland. RI Hummer, Gerhard/A-2546-2013 OI Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 415-INOR BP U123 EP U123 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235000415 ER PT J AU Pomes, R Schumaker, MF AF Pomes, R Schumaker, MF TI Molecular mechanism, thermodynamics, and kinetics of proton translocation in the gramicidin channel. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Math, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Univ Montreal, Dept Chim, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RI Hummer, Gerhard/A-2546-2013 OI Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 195-COMP BP U753 EP U753 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902220 ER PT J AU Pomes, R Hummer, G AF Pomes, R Hummer, G TI Structural fluctuations of cytochrome P-450cam in the nanosecond time range. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Hummer, Gerhard/A-2546-2013 OI Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 194-COMP BP U753 EP U753 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902219 ER PT J AU Pomes, R Eisenmesser, E Post, CB Roux, B AF Pomes, R Eisenmesser, E Post, CB Roux, B TI Calculating excess chemical potentials in the fourth dimension. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Univ Montreal, Dept Chim, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Purdue Univ, Dept Med Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47901 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 118-COMP BP U718 EP U718 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902140 ER PT J AU Porter, MD Kenseth, JR O'Brien, JC Jones, VW Burgess, JD Brush, RC AF Porter, MD Kenseth, JR O'Brien, JC Jones, VW Burgess, JD Brush, RC TI Combined infrared spectroscopic and atomic force microscopic investigation of immobilized antigenic arrays for immunoassays. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US DOE, Ames Lab, Microanalyt Instrumentat Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 019-ANYL BP U147 EP U147 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234900368 ER PT J AU Price, RJ Xu, DD Jackson, WM Ahmed, M Peterka, DS Suits, AG AF Price, RJ Xu, DD Jackson, WM Ahmed, M Peterka, DS Suits, AG TI Photofragment imaging of ethane at Lyman alpha. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 433-PHYS BP U785 EP U785 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002364 ER PT J AU Raebiger, JW Laplaza, CE Hausmann, DM Mukerjee, S Musgrave, KB McNamara, J Kates, SA Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Holm, RH AF Raebiger, JW Laplaza, CE Hausmann, DM Mukerjee, S Musgrave, KB McNamara, J Kates, SA Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Holm, RH TI Metallopeptides related to the active sites of enzymes containing Fe4S4 clusters SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. PerSept Biosyst Inc, Framingham, MA 01701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 470-INOR BP U141 EP U141 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235000470 ER PT J AU Rahimian, K Loy, DA AF Rahimian, K Loy, DA TI Arylene-bridged 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-disila-1-oxacyclopentanes as precursors to non-shrinking polysiloxanes. A new route to sol-gel type polymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Loy, Douglas/D-4847-2009 OI Loy, Douglas/0000-0001-7635-9958 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 076-POLY BP U23 EP U23 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100076 ER PT J AU Rajh, T Thurnauer, MC Thiyagarajan, P Tiede, DM AF Rajh, T Thurnauer, MC Thiyagarajan, P Tiede, DM TI Structural characterization of self organized TiO2 nanoclusters studied by small angle neutron scattering SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 156-COLL BP U628 EP U628 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234901841 ER PT J AU Ramsey, JM Jacobson, SC Kutter, JP AF Ramsey, JM Jacobson, SC Kutter, JP TI Microchip separations: Small and fast. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 221-ANYL BP U203 EP U203 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234900561 ER PT J AU Ramsey, JM AF Ramsey, JM TI Microdomain chemical analysis. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 190-ANYL BP U195 EP U195 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234900533 ER PT J AU Rao, LF Zanonato, P Di Bernardo, P AF Rao, LF Zanonato, P Di Bernardo, P TI Thermodynamics of europium(III) complexation with alkyl-substituted diamides in organic solvents. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento CIMA, I-35131 Padua, Italy. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 071-NUCL BP U338 EP U338 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001100 ER PT J AU Rege, MA Bereded-Samuel, Y Petersen, JN Yonge, DR Johnstone, DL Apel, WA AF Rege, MA Bereded-Samuel, Y Petersen, JN Yonge, DR Johnstone, DL Apel, WA TI Biological reduction of selenite in a packed bed bioreactor using BioSep beads. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Washington State Univ, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Dept Biotechnol, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 105-IEC BP U943 EP U943 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902783 ER PT J AU Rials, TG Kelley, SS AF Rials, TG Kelley, SS TI Morphology and properties of modified cellulose ester membranes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 059-CELL BP U347 EP U347 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234900975 ER PT J AU Rice, RJP Xu, DD Jackson, WM Ahmed, M Peterka, DS Suits, AG AF Rice, RJP Xu, DD Jackson, WM Ahmed, M Peterka, DS Suits, AG TI Imaging studies of the photolysis of simple saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons at Lyman alpha. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 292-PHYS BP U745 EP U745 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002232 ER PT J AU Ritter, JA Ebner, AD Navratil, JD AF Ritter, JA Ebner, AD Navratil, JD TI Nanolevel high gradient magnetic separation for wastewater treatment. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Lockheed Martin Idaho Technol Co, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 086-IEC BP U937 EP U938 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902764 ER PT J AU Roe, DC Kick, EK Skillman, AG Liu, G Ellman, JA AF Roe, DC Kick, EK Skillman, AG Liu, G Ellman, JA TI Combining structure-based drug design with combinatorial chemistry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Ellman, Jonathan/C-7732-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 011-COMP BP U688 EP U688 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902033 ER PT J AU Romanach, CA Ventriere, DL Quirke, JME Van Berkel, GJ AF Romanach, CA Ventriere, DL Quirke, JME Van Berkel, GJ TI Ferrocene-based derivatizing reagents. A flexible tool for selective detection of alcohols in complex mixtures SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 025-PRES BP U215 EP U215 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100654 ER PT J AU Rotmensch, J Whitlock, JL Dietz, ML Hines, JJ Reba, RC Horwitz, EP Harper, PV AF Rotmensch, J Whitlock, JL Dietz, ML Hines, JJ Reba, RC Horwitz, EP Harper, PV TI Development of 212-BiOCl as a new therapeutic modality against microscopic carcinoma. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 047-IEC BP U926 EP U926 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902726 ER PT J AU Rotmensch, J Whitlock, JL Dietz, ML Hines, JJ Reba, RC Horwitz, EP Harper, PV AF Rotmensch, J Whitlock, JL Dietz, ML Hines, JJ Reba, RC Horwitz, EP Harper, PV TI The clinical significance of radionuclide therapy for the treatment of microscopic carcinoma: Biology to chemistry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 045-IEC BP U925 EP U926 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902724 ER PT J AU Rundberg, RS Fowler, MM Miller, GG Wilhelmy, JB AF Rundberg, RS Fowler, MM Miller, GG Wilhelmy, JB TI A search for the thorium-229 nuclear isomer. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 010-NUCL BP U321 EP U321 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001040 ER PT J AU Russo, RE AF Russo, RE TI Everything I ever needed to know, I learned in graduate school. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 194-ANYL BP U196 EP U196 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234900534 ER PT J AU Sachleben, RA Urvoas, A Bryan, JC AF Sachleben, RA Urvoas, A Bryan, JC TI Investigating the unique conformational behavior of dehydroxylated calix[4]arenes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 051-ORGN BP U366 EP U366 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001177 ER PT J AU Safron, SA Li, JA Akhadov, EA Trelenberg, TW Skofronick, JG Banerjee, RL Boatner, LA AF Safron, SA Li, JA Akhadov, EA Trelenberg, TW Skofronick, JG Banerjee, RL Boatner, LA TI Thermal variation of tie structure and lattice dynamics of KTaO3 (001). SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Chem, MARTECH, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, MARTECH, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Moncton, Dept Phys, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 204-PHYS BP U719 EP U719 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002146 ER PT J AU Saiz, E Tomsia, AP Foppiano, S Cannon, RM AF Saiz, E Tomsia, AP Foppiano, S Cannon, RM TI Effects of triple line ridge formation on macroscopic contact angles and liquid spreading rates SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 329-COLL BP U679 EP U679 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902013 ER PT J AU Salazar, KV Pattillo, SG Moss, TS Trkula, M AF Salazar, KV Pattillo, SG Moss, TS Trkula, M TI Preparation of the useful OMCVD precursors: Mg(C5H5)(2), Be(C5H5)(2), and Sr(C11H19O2)(2) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 001-TECH BP U542 EP U542 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234901562 ER PT J AU Salsbury, FR AF Salsbury, FR TI Computation of NMR parameters using magnetic field density functional theory. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Salsbury, Freddie/A-5923-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 167-COMP BP U745 EP U745 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902192 ER PT J AU Sasaki, DY AF Sasaki, DY TI Recognition sites on fluorescent lipid bilayers for the optical detection of metal ions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 126-PHYS BP U695 EP U695 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002069 ER PT J AU Schake, AR Burns, CJ Morgan, AN Warner, BP AF Schake, AR Burns, CJ Morgan, AN Warner, BP TI Chemical reactions of organoplutonium and organoneptunium compounds. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 205-INOR BP U60 EP U60 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235000206 ER PT J AU Schatz, T Cook, AR Meisel, D AF Schatz, T Cook, AR Meisel, D TI Interfacial charge transfer in irradiated suspensions. Implications to nuclear waste. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 091-NUCL BP U344 EP U344 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001120 ER PT J AU Schreckenbach, G AF Schreckenbach, G TI Density-functional calculations of NMR chemical shifts in actinide compounds. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 165-COMP BP U744 EP U745 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902190 ER PT J AU Schreckenbach, G AF Schreckenbach, G TI The Fe-57 NMR shielding in ferrocene revisited. A density-functional study of shielding mechanisms and the influence of the exchange-correlation functional. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 144-COMP BP U737 EP U737 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902166 ER PT J AU Seaborg, GT AF Seaborg, GT TI The role of basic research in society. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 006-COMSCI BP U355 EP U355 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235101077 ER PT J AU Seaman, JC Bertsch, PM AF Seaman, JC Bertsch, PM TI Retardation of anionic groundwater tracers in highly weathered geologic systems. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Adv Analyt Ctr Environm Sci, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 091-ENVR BP U786 EP U786 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902311 ER PT J AU Sebesta, F Navratil, JD AF Sebesta, F Navratil, JD TI New types of magnetic adsorbents and magnetic inorganic ion-exchangers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Czech Tech Univ, Prague 11519 1, Czech Republic. Lockheed Martin Idaho Technol Co, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 069-IEC BP U932 EP U933 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902748 ER PT J AU Shafiq, FA Cabelli, DE Szalda, DJ Creutz, C Bullock, RM AF Shafiq, FA Cabelli, DE Szalda, DJ Creutz, C Bullock, RM TI Pulse radiolysis studies of water-soluble transition metal hydrides SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 086-INOR BP U25 EP U25 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235000087 ER PT J AU Shaltout, RM Loy, DA AF Shaltout, RM Loy, DA TI Diels-Alder reaction of cyclopentadiene with ethoxysilyl substituted dienophiles. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Encapsulants & Foams Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Loy, Douglas/D-4847-2009 OI Loy, Douglas/0000-0001-7635-9958 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 245-INOR BP U72 EP U72 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235000246 ER PT J AU Shelnutt, JA Jia, SL Nenoff, TM Muzzi, CM Medforth, CJ Smith, KM AF Shelnutt, JA Jia, SL Nenoff, TM Muzzi, CM Medforth, CJ Smith, KM TI Computational design of chiral catalysts based on novel nonplanar chiroporphyrins. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Theory & Computat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Shelnutt, John/A-9987-2009; Smith, Kevin/G-1453-2011 OI Shelnutt, John/0000-0001-7368-582X; Smith, Kevin/0000-0002-6736-4779 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 021-CATL BP U284 EP U284 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100865 ER PT J AU Shim, H Hurt, R Yang, N AF Shim, H Hurt, R Yang, N TI Characterization of coal and char microstructure by 002 LF lattice fringe imaging. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brown Univ, Div Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 127-FUEL BP U871 EP U872 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902567 ER PT J AU Shin, YS Dai, S Barnes, CE Xue, BZ AF Shin, YS Dai, S Barnes, CE Xue, BZ TI Comparison of uranyl adsorption capacity on various porous sorbents. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 195-INOR BP U57 EP U58 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235000196 ER PT J AU Shvartsburg, AA Ho, KM Pan, BC Lu, ZY Wang, CZ Wacker, JG Liu, B Jarrold, MF AF Shvartsburg, AA Ho, KM Pan, BC Lu, ZY Wang, CZ Wacker, JG Liu, B Jarrold, MF TI Structural characterization of the teensize semiconductor clusters by combination of theory and experiment. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 351-PHYS BP U763 EP U763 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002291 ER PT J AU Silks, LA Wu, RL Orji, CC AF Silks, LA Wu, RL Orji, CC TI Aldol reactions of acylated chiral selones. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci & Biotechnol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 497-ORGN BP U515 EP U515 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001622 ER PT J AU Song, XD Nolan, J Swanson, B AF Song, XD Nolan, J Swanson, B TI Optical signal transduction triggered by protein-ligand binding: Detection of toxins using multivalent receptors. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 122-PHYS BP U694 EP U694 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002065 ER PT J AU Soong, Y Blackwell, AG Harke, FW Ladner, EP Zarochak, MF AF Soong, Y Blackwell, AG Harke, FW Ladner, EP Zarochak, MF TI Ultrasonic characterization of slurries in bubble column reactors SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Dept Energy, Fed Energy Technol Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 014-FUEL BP U836 EP U837 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902461 ER PT J AU Souliotis, GA Morrissey, DJ Lansing, E Hanold, K Wozniak, GL Berkeley, LBL AF Souliotis, GA Morrissey, DJ Lansing, E Hanold, K Wozniak, GL Berkeley, LBL TI Survival of heavy residues and formation of new heavy nuclei with unusual N/Z ratios at intermediate energy collisions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NCSR Demokritos, Athens, Greece. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. LBL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 032-NUCL BP U327 EP U328 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001062 ER PT J AU Steinberg, M AF Steinberg, M TI Natural gas and efficient technologies a response to global warming. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 043-FUEL BP U846 EP U846 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902486 ER PT J AU Stevens, RC AF Stevens, RC TI Litmus test for pathogenic agents using engineered membranes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 112-IEC BP U945 EP U945 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902790 ER PT J AU Stojkovic, BP McMahon, BH Frauenfelder, H Hay, PJ Martin, RL Garcia, A AF Stojkovic, BP McMahon, BH Frauenfelder, H Hay, PJ Martin, RL Garcia, A TI Molecular dynamics calculations of CO binding to myoglobin with an abinitio calculated heme - CO interaction potential. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 030-BIOL BP U214 EP U214 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234900587 ER PT J AU Sutton, R Langlands, TLM Miyake, E Kinsey, RR Burrows, TW AF Sutton, R Langlands, TLM Miyake, E Kinsey, RR Burrows, TW TI Distributed access to nuclear databases. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NNDC, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 057-NUCL BP U334 EP U334 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001086 ER PT J AU Swanson, BI Shreve, AP Parikh, AN Song, XD AF Swanson, BI Shreve, AP Parikh, AN Song, XD TI Signal transduction and amplification in biosensors based on protein-ligand interactions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, CST, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI PARIKH, ATUL/D-2243-2014 OI PARIKH, ATUL/0000-0002-5927-4968 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 102-IEC BP U942 EP U942 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902780 ER PT J AU Szarka, AZ Miller, JR AF Szarka, AZ Miller, JR TI Pulsed radiolysis studies of fast intramolecular electron transfer reaction in dicyanobifluorene. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 430-PHYS BP U784 EP U784 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002361 ER PT J AU Taylor, BR Kauzlarich, SM Lee, HWH Delgado, GR AF Taylor, BR Kauzlarich, SM Lee, HWH Delgado, GR TI Nonlinear optical properties of germanium nanocrystals produced in solution. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 060-MTLS BP U343 EP U343 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235101046 ER PT J AU Thoma, SG Nenoff, TM Ashley, CS Reed, ST AF Thoma, SG Nenoff, TM Ashley, CS Reed, ST TI Detect free molecular sieve composite membranes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 040-CATL BP U290 EP U290 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100883 ER PT J AU Toth, KS AF Toth, KS TI Particle decay investigations at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 024-NUCL BP U325 EP U325 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001054 ER PT J AU Tsouris, C Ying, TY Chin, CJ Yiacoumi, S AF Tsouris, C Ying, TY Chin, CJ Yiacoumi, S TI Flocculation and filtration in a magnetic-seeding process. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 085-IEC BP U937 EP U937 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902763 ER PT J AU Vandegrift, GF Conner, C Leonard, RA Sedlet, J Walker, D Snelgrove, JL AF Vandegrift, GF Conner, C Leonard, RA Sedlet, J Walker, D Snelgrove, JL TI Modification of targets and processes for conversion of 99Mo production from high- to low-enriched uranium. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 002-IEC BP U913 EP U913 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902681 ER PT J AU Vandegrift, GF Conner, C Leonard, RA Sedlet, J Walker, D Snelgrove, JL AF Vandegrift, GF Conner, C Leonard, RA Sedlet, J Walker, D Snelgrove, JL TI Modification of targets and processes for conversion of 99Mo production from high- to low-enriched uranium. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 002-CELL BP U331 EP U331 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234900922 ER PT J AU Vincent, J Luo, XL Scott, BL Kubas, GJ AF Vincent, J Luo, XL Scott, BL Kubas, GJ TI A comparison of Ge-H and Si-H bond activation with group VI agostic complexes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 092-INOR BP U27 EP U27 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235000093 ER PT J AU Wang, P Woodward, CA Kaufman, EN AF Wang, P Woodward, CA Kaufman, EN TI PEG-modified ligninase for the degradation of recalcitrant pollutants in water-solvent mixtures. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bioproc Res & Dev Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 029-BTEC BP U252 EP U252 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100766 ER PT J AU Wang, Z Friedrich, DM Joly, AG Peterson, KA AF Wang, Z Friedrich, DM Joly, AG Peterson, KA TI The ground state proton-transfer tautomer of salicylate anion SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 115-PHYS BP U691 EP U691 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002058 ER PT J AU Wasielewski, MR Wiederrecht, GP AF Wasielewski, MR Wiederrecht, GP TI Photorefractivity in polymer-stabilized nematic liquid crystal films. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 263-POLY BP U78 EP U79 PN 3 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100262 ER PT J AU Watkin, JG AF Watkin, JG TI Biphasic homogeneous catalysis using surface-active palladium phosphine complexes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 038-INOR BP U12 EP U12 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235000039 ER PT J AU Watson, PR Van Hove, MA Hermann, K AF Watson, PR Van Hove, MA Hermann, K TI Surface structure data and materials design. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Fritz Haber Inst, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 043-CINF BP U533 EP U533 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234901540 ER PT J AU Weger, HT Rai, D Hess, NJ McGrail, BP AF Weger, HT Rai, D Hess, NJ McGrail, BP TI Solubility and aqueous phase reactions of Gd in the K+-Na+-Gd3+-Co-3(2-) - H2O system SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 096-NUCL BP U345 EP U346 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001125 ER PT J AU Whitten, DG Geiger, HC Stanescu, M Perlstein, J AF Whitten, DG Geiger, HC Stanescu, M Perlstein, J TI The role of aromatic-aromatic noncovalent interactions in building supramolecular aggregates and novel assemblies. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Rochester, Ctr Photoinduced Charge Transfer, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 295-COLL BP U669 EP U670 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234901980 ER PT J AU Wignail, GD Melnichenko, YB AF Wignail, GD Melnichenko, YB TI Dimensions of polystyrene coils in the critical region of phase demixing. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 135-PMSE BP U853 EP U853 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002564 ER PT J AU Wiliiams, CW Antonio, MR Soderholm, L AF Wiliiams, CW Antonio, MR Soderholm, L TI The formation and stability of [Rp(5)W(30)O(110)](n-); R = light lanthanide, Th, U, Am, and Cm. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 092-NUCL BP U344 EP U344 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001121 ER PT J AU Wilkerson, MP Burns, CJ Paine, RT Scott, BL AF Wilkerson, MP Burns, CJ Paine, RT Scott, BL TI Structural preferences of uranyl compounds containing sterically demanding alkoxide ligands. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 591-INOR BP U179 EP U179 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235000591 ER PT J AU Wori, LA Hill, DD Padilla, DD Prenger, FC AF Wori, LA Hill, DD Padilla, DD Prenger, FC TI Magnetic separation for nuclear material detection and surveillance. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 067-IEC BP U932 EP U932 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234902746 ER PT J AU Xia, YX Rao, LF Rai, D AF Xia, YX Rao, LF Rai, D TI Complexation of neptunium (IV) with isosaccharinate at different ionic strengths. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 097-NUCL BP U346 EP U346 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001126 ER PT J AU Xie, XS Lu, HP Xun, LY AF Xie, XS Lu, HP Xun, LY TI Probing dynamics of single enzyme molecules SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 394-PHYS BP U774 EP U774 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235002327 ER PT J AU Xie, XS Sanchez, E Novotny, L AF Xie, XS Sanchez, E Novotny, L TI Near-field and two-photon fluorescence imaging of single molecules and biomolecules SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 286-INOR BP U84 EP U84 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235000287 ER PT J AU Yang, CS Kauzlarich, SM Lee, HWH Delgado, GR AF Yang, CS Kauzlarich, SM Lee, HWH Delgado, GR TI Synthesis and characterization of small silicon nanoclusters terminated with alkyls. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Photon Grp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 228-COLL BP U649 EP U650 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234901913 ER PT J AU Yang, LQ Shah, V DePristo, AE AF Yang, LQ Shah, V DePristo, AE TI Structural preference of CuPd catalysts on the nanometer length scale. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 010-CATL BP U281 EP U281 PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WZ UT WOS:000075235100855 ER PT J AU Yeston, JS McNamara, BK Bergman, RG Moore, CB AF Yeston, JS McNamara, BK Bergman, RG Moore, CB TI Flash kinetics and reactivity studies of tris- and bis(dimethylpyrazolylborate)rhodium carbonyl species. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 564-INOR BP U171 EP U171 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235000564 ER PT J AU Yeung, ES Tan, H Gao, Q Pang, HM Zhang, Y AF Yeung, ES Tan, H Gao, Q Pang, HM Zhang, Y TI Automation and integration of multiplexed on-line sample preparation with capillary electrophoresis. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 208-ANYL BP U200 EP U200 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WX UT WOS:000075234900551 ER PT J AU Zganjar, EF Piechaczek, A Batchelder, JC AF Zganjar, EF Piechaczek, A Batchelder, JC TI Decay spectroscopy at the focal plane of a recoil mass spectrometer: Measurement of the multipolarity of the 228 keV isomeric transition in Y-80. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1998 VL 216 MA 026-NUCL BP U326 EP U326 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 107WY UT WOS:000075235001056 ER PT J AU Glab, WL Child, MS Pratt, ST AF Glab, WL Child, MS Pratt, ST TI Rotationally resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of autoionizing states of water SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DEFECT THEORY; NEAR-THRESHOLD PHOTOIONIZATION; VIBRATIONAL AUTOIONIZATION; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; RYDBERG STATES; H2O; SPECTRUM; D2O; DISTRIBUTIONS; RESOLUTION AB Rotationally resolved photoelectron spectra are reported for rovibronically state-selected autoionizing levels of water. These photoelectron spectra are helpful for the spectroscopic assignment of the autoionizing-levels and provide considerable dynamical information on the mechanisms for the transfer of energy and angular momentum between the ion core and the Rydberg electron. As a result of angular momentum restrictions, photoelectron spectra for J = 0 autoionizing levels provide a direct partial wave analysis for the ejected photoelectrons. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(98)00832-0]. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Theoret Chem, Oxford OX1 3UB, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Glab, WL (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, POB 41051, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 22 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 8 BP 3062 EP 3068 DI 10.1063/1.476897 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 114ZN UT WOS:000075639200014 ER PT J AU Delmau, LH Simon, N Schwing-Weill, MJ Arnaud-Neu, F Dozol, JF Eymard, S Tournois, B Bohmer, V Gruttner, C Musigmann, C Tunayar, A AF Delmau, LH Simon, N Schwing-Weill, MJ Arnaud-Neu, F Dozol, JF Eymard, S Tournois, B Bohmer, V Gruttner, C Musigmann, C Tunayar, A TI 'CMPO-substituted' calix[4]arenes, extractants with selectivity among trivalent lanthanides and between trivalent actinides and lanthanides SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-ACID; CONFORMERS; IONOPHORES; AM AB Calix[4]arenes substituted by acetamidophosphine oxide groups at their wider (upper) rim not only exhibit excellent extraction efficiency towards trivalent cations but also show pronounced selectivity for the light lanthanides and actinides in their extraction from highly saline or acidic media. C1 CEN Cadarache, DESD, SEP, LPTE, F-13108 St Paul Durance, France. ECPM, F-67008 Strasbourg, France. Johannes Gutenberg Univ, Inst Organ Chem, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RP Simon, N (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, CASD, Chem Separat Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 11 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD AUG 21 PY 1998 IS 16 BP 1627 EP 1628 DI 10.1039/a802555j PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 113PC UT WOS:000075559600006 ER PT J AU Baumann, TF Reynolds, JG Fox, GA AF Baumann, TF Reynolds, JG Fox, GA TI Polymer pendant crown thioethers: synthesis and Hg-II extraction studies of a novel thiacrown polymer SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID LIGAND CHEMISTRY; MACROCYCLIC POLYTHIAETHERS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; METAL-IONS; MERCURY(II); PRECONCENTRATION; DIVINYLBENZENE; SILVER(I); COMPLEXES; RECOVERY AB A novel C-substituted crown thioether has been synthesized and used to prepare a cross-linked polystyrene polymer containing pendant crown thioethers and that product has been shown to be effective in extracting Hg-II from acidic aqueous solutions. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Baumann, TF (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM baumann2@llnl.gov NR 22 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 9 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD AUG 21 PY 1998 IS 16 BP 1637 EP 1638 DI 10.1039/a803383h PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 113PC UT WOS:000075559600011 ER PT J AU Campbell, BJ Bellussi, G Carluccio, L Perego, G Cheetham, AK Cox, DE Millini, R AF Campbell, BJ Bellussi, G Carluccio, L Perego, G Cheetham, AK Cox, DE Millini, R TI The synthesis of the new zeolite, ERS-7, and the determination of its structure by simulated annealing and synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID FRAMEWORK AB The new zeolite ERS-7 (EniRicerche-molecular-Sieve-7), which was synthesized within a narrow temperature and compositional range using N,N-dimethylpiperidinium as a structure directing agent, has a structure consisting of 17-sided (4(6)5(4)6(5)8(2)) picnic-basket-shaped cages connected by 8-membered ring windows. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EniTechnol SPA, I-20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Cheetham, AK (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RI Campbell, Branton/A-3990-2008 NR 10 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD AUG 21 PY 1998 IS 16 BP 1725 EP 1726 DI 10.1039/a803572e PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 113PC UT WOS:000075559600055 ER PT J AU Muller, T Xantheas, SS Dachsel, H Harrison, RJ Nieplocha, J Shepard, R Kedziora, GS Lischka, H AF Muller, T Xantheas, SS Dachsel, H Harrison, RJ Nieplocha, J Shepard, R Kedziora, GS Lischka, H TI A systematic ab initio investigation of the open and ring structures of ozone SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; SIZE-EXTENSIVE MODIFICATION; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; EXCITED-STATES; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; PROGRAM AB The energy difference between the open and the ring isomer of ozone as well as the dissociation energy (O-3((X) over tilde (1)A(1)) --> O-2(X, (3)Sigma(g)(-))+ O(P-3)) have been determined at the CCSD(T), MR-CISD and MR-AQCC levels of theory. Using correlation consistent basis sets up to quintuple-zeta quality, the estimated complete basis set limits for CCSD(T) and MR-AQCC lie within 1 kcal/mol of the experimental value of 26.1 +/- 0.4 kcal/mol and place the ring isomer by 4.8 and 5.3 kcal/mol, respectively, above the dissociation Limit. Zero-point vibrational corrections increase the latter two values by 1.4 kcal/mol. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Vienna, Inst Theoret Chem & Strahlenchem, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Theoret Chem Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Univ Vienna, Inst Theoret Chem & Strahlenchem, Waehringer Guertel 18, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. RI Lischka, Hans/A-8802-2015; Xantheas, Sotiris/L-1239-2015; OI Xantheas, Sotiris/0000-0002-6303-1037 NR 32 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 EI 1873-4448 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 21 PY 1998 VL 293 IS 1-2 BP 72 EP 80 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00798-2 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 114HF UT WOS:000075602500012 ER PT J AU Haschke, JM AF Haschke, JM TI Corrosion of uranium in air and water vapor: consequences for environmental dispersal SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE uranium; kinetics; corrosion; dispersal ID PLUTONIUM; TEMPERATURES; OXIDATION; MECHANISM; KINETICS; OXYGEN AB An evaluation of published data for reaction of uranium in dry air, water vapor, and humid air provides a comprehensive and consistent picture of corrosion kinetics. Effects of temperature, oxygen pressure, and water pressure are quantified. Arrhenius data presented for eight kinetic regimes show that the corrosion rate in air varies by more than 10(8) over the 25-1500 degrees C range. Below 500 degrees C, kinetics are bounded by the slow rate for the reaction of dry air and by the rapid rate for the reaction of water at saturation pressures. in the autothermic regime above 500 degrees C, humidity effects are absent and involvement of nitrogen in the corrosion process is evident. Convergence of Arrhenius curves for dry and moist conditions at 500 degrees C closes a temperature-humidity envelope that confines the kinetic behavior of uranium in humid air at low temperatures. Kinetic relationships within the envelope suggest a competition between rate enhancement by moisture and rate suppression by oxygen. Suppression of the rate by O-2 in moist air is complete below 35-40 degrees C, but moisture enhancement is observed at higher temperatures where chemical behavior is consistent with a water-catalyzed cycle that promotes the corrosion of uranium by oxygen. Reaction rates of U and Pu are similar in dry air and water vapor, but diverge in humid air and at elevated temperatures. Particle size data for corrosion products are reviewed and their combined application with the kinetic results in defining source terms for dispersal of uranium metal is examined. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Haschke, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 24 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD AUG 21 PY 1998 VL 278 IS 1-2 BP 149 EP 160 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(98)00639-2 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 117TW UT WOS:000075799200028 ER PT J AU Zeng, LM Franzen, HF AF Zeng, LM Franzen, HF TI Refinement of the crystal structure of NdGe2Ni2 SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Letter DE neodymium; nickel; germanium; crystal structure AB The structure of NdGe2Ni2 was refined using single-crystal X-ray data. The refinement shows the crystal structure of NdGe2Ni2 is tetragonal with the Al4Ba-type structure with the space group I4/mmm (No. 139), a=4.123(4) Angstrom, c=9.841(2) Angstrom, V=167.3(2) Angstrom(3) and Z=2 at room temperature. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Franzen, HF (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD AUG 21 PY 1998 VL 278 IS 1-2 BP L6 EP L7 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(98)00523-4 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 117TW UT WOS:000075799200002 ER PT J AU Nielsen, LB Kahn, D Duell, T Weier, HUG Taylor, S Young, SG AF Nielsen, LB Kahn, D Duell, T Weier, HUG Taylor, S Young, SG TI Apolipoprotein B gene expression in a series of human apolipoprotein B transgenic mice generated with recA-assisted restriction endonuclease cleavage-modified bacterial artificial chromosomes - An intestine-specific enhancer element is located between 54 and 62 kilobases 5 ' to the structural gene SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LOCUS-CONTROL REGION; BETA-GLOBIN GENE; RARE CLEAVAGE; TYROSINASE GENE; DNA; PROMOTER; LIVER; LIPOPROTEIN(A); DISEASE; DISTANT AB Prior studies have established that the expression of the human apolipoprotein B (apoB) gene in the intestine is dependent on DNA sequences located a great distance from the structural gene. To identify the location of those sequences, we used recA-assisted restriction endonuclease (RARE) cleavage to truncate the 5'- or 3'-flanking sequences from a 145-kilobase (kb) bacterial artificial chromosome spanning the entire human apoB gene. Seven RARE cleavage- modified bacterial artificial chromosomes with different lengths of flanking sequences were used to generate transgenic mice. An analysis of those mice revealed that as little as 1.5 kb of 3' sequences or 5 kb of 5' sequences were sufficient to confer apoB expression in the liver. in contrast, apoB gene expression in the intestine required DNA sequences 54-62 kb 5' to the structural gene. Those sequences retained their ability to direct apoB expression hn the intestine when they were moved closer to the gene. These studies demonstrate that the intestinal expression of the apoB gene is dependent on DNA sequences located an extraordinary distance from the structural gene and that the RARE cleavage/transgenic expression strategy is a powerful approach for analyzing distant gene-regulatory sequences. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Gladstone Inst Cardiovasc Dis, San Francisco, CA 94141 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Cardiovasc Res, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Young, SG (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Gladstone Inst Cardiovasc Dis, POB 419100, San Francisco, CA 94141 USA. RI Kahn, Daniel/B-9393-2013 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL47660] NR 51 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD AUG 21 PY 1998 VL 273 IS 34 BP 21800 EP 21807 DI 10.1074/jbc.273.34.21800 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 112JY UT WOS:000075492600052 PM 9705318 ER PT J AU Ho, AM Yeung, ES AF Ho, AM Yeung, ES TI Capillary electrophoretic study of individual exocytotic events in single mast cells SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Symposium on High Performance Capillary Electrophoresis and Related Microscale Techniques (HPCE 98) CY FEB 01-05, 1998 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA DE single cell; serotonin ID INDUCED NATIVE FLUORESCENCE; CATECHOLAMINES; STORAGE; RELEASE AB In this work we have demonstrated the application of on-column dynamic release of serotonin from individual granules within rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs). These granules are approximately 0.25 A in volume and represent some of the smallest entities studied by capillary electrophoresis (CE). With the coupling of high-speed CE and laser-induced native fluorescence, a time resolution of 0.002 min and a detection limit of 0.9 amol (S/N=3, rms) were achieved. By using a secretagogue as the running buffer for CE, we resolved the peak profile of individual degranulation events released due to exocytosis. The average amount of serotonin released for five RPMCs analyzed was 33 amol +/-16%. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yeung, ES (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD AUG 21 PY 1998 VL 817 IS 1-2 BP 377 EP 382 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00551-2 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 120MP UT WOS:000075960400045 PM 9764505 ER PT J AU Goyette, AN Lawler, JE Anderson, LW Gruen, DM McCauley, TG Zhou, D Krauss, AR AF Goyette, AN Lawler, JE Anderson, LW Gruen, DM McCauley, TG Zhou, D Krauss, AR TI Spectroscopic determination of carbon dimer densities in Ar-H-2-CH4 and Ar-H-2-C-60 plasmas SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND-FILM GROWTH; THERMAL-ENERGY; AR+; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE AB In contrast to conventional methods of diamond chemical vapour deposition (CVD), nanocrystalline diamond CVD takes place with only a small fraction of feed gas hydrogen. Minimal amounts of CH3, believed critical in hydrogen-rich CVD, are expected to be produced in hydrogen-deficient systems and alternative mechanisms for diamond growth must be considered. The carbon dimer, C-2, is believed to be an important species in these growth environments. We have experimentally determined the density of gas phase C-2 in Ar-H-2-CH4 and Ar-H-2-C-60 microwave plasmas used to deposit nanocrystalline diamond. The C-2 density is monitored using high-sensitivity absorption spectroscopy of the d(3)Pi <-- a (3)Pi (0, 0) band as chamber pressure, microwave power, substrate temperature and feed gas mixtures are varied for these two chemical systems. The absolute density of C-2 is most sensitive to the total chamber pressure and fraction of carbon in all molecular species in the feed gas in Ar-H-2-C-60 discharges and to the total chamber pressure and substrate temperature in Ar-H-2-CH4 plasmas. We discuss possible C-2 production channels in both chemical systems. The efficiency of C-2 production from fullerene precursors is over an order of magnitude greater than that from hydrocarbon precursors. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Goyette, AN (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 20 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD AUG 21 PY 1998 VL 31 IS 16 BP 1975 EP 1986 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/31/16/006 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 115BP UT WOS:000075643900006 ER PT J AU Kissler-Patig, M Forbes, DA Minniti, D AF Kissler-Patig, M Forbes, DA Minniti, D TI Constraints on the merger models of elliptical galaxies from their globular cluster systems SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies; elliptical and lenticular; cD; galaxies; interactions; galaxies; star clusters ID SPACE-TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS; STAR-CLUSTERS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS; REMNANT NGC-7252; HALO; M87; POPULATION; EVOLUTION; DISCOVERY; DISTANCE AB The discovery of protoglobular cluster candidates in many present-day mergers allows us to understand better the possible effects of a merger event on the globular cluster system of a galaxy, and to foresee the properties of the end-product. By comparing these expectations with the properties of globular cluster systems of elliptical galaxies at the present time we can constrain merger models. The observational data indicate that (i) every gaseous merger induces the formation of new star clusters, and (ii) the number of new clusters formed in such a merger increases with the gas content of the progenitor galaxies. Low-luminosity (about My > -21), discy ellipticals are generally thought to be the result of a gaseous merger. As such, new globular clusters are expected to form but have not been detected to date. We investigate various reasons for the non-detection of subpopulations in low-luminosity ellipticals, i.e. absence of an old population, absence of a new population, destruction of one of the populations and, finally, an age-metallicity conspiracy that allows old and new globular clusters to appear indistinguishable at the present epoch. All of these possibilities lead us to a similar conclusion, namely that low-luminosity ellipticals did not form recently (z < 1) in a gas-rich merger, and might not have formed in a major merger of stellar systems at all. High-luminosity ellipticals do reveal globular cluster subpopulations. However, it is difficult to account for the two populations in terms of mergers alone and, in particular, we can rule out scenarios in which the second subpopulation is the product of a recent, gas-poor merger. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kissler-Patig, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM mkissler@ucolick.org; forbes@star.sr.bham.ac.uk; dminniti@igpp.llnl.gov NR 62 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG 21 PY 1998 VL 298 IS 4 BP 1123 EP 1132 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01725.x PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 117LA UT WOS:000075781700016 ER PT J AU Peskin, ME AF Peskin, ME TI Particle physics - Electroweak reconciliation SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; TECHNICOLOR THEORIES; PARAMETERS; BOSON; MODEL; LIMIT; MASS C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Peskin, ME (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM mpeskin@slac.stanford.edu NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 21 PY 1998 VL 281 IS 5380 BP 1153 EP 1155 DI 10.1126/science.281.5380.1153 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 113CE UT WOS:000075531200037 ER PT J AU Collins, GW Da Silva, LB Celliers, P Gold, DM Foord, ME Wallace, RJ Ng, A Weber, SV Budil, KS Cauble, R AF Collins, GW Da Silva, LB Celliers, P Gold, DM Foord, ME Wallace, RJ Ng, A Weber, SV Budil, KS Cauble, R TI Measurements of the equation of state of deuterium at the fluid insulator-metal transition SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SHOCKED LIQUID DEUTERIUM; LOW-MASS STARS; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; DENSE HYDROGEN; GIANT PLANETS; TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS; BROWN DWARFS; DISSOCIATION; JUPITER; PLASMAS AB A high-intensity laser was used to shock-compress liquid deuterium to pressures from 22 to 340 gigapascals. In this regime deuterium is predicted to transform from an insulating molecular fluid to an atomic metallic fluid. Shock densities and pressures, determined by radiography, revealed an increase in compressibility near 100 gigapascals indicative of such a transition. Velocity interferometry measurements, obtained by reflecting a laser probe directly off the shock front in flight, demonstrated that deuterium shocked above 55 gigapascals has an electrical conductivity characteristic of a liquid metal and independently confirmed the radiography. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. RP Cauble, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 36 TC 296 Z9 304 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 21 PY 1998 VL 281 IS 5380 BP 1178 EP 1181 DI 10.1126/science.281.5380.1178 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 113CE UT WOS:000075531200049 ER PT J AU Notermans, DW Goudsmit, J Danner, SA de Wolf, F Perelson, AS Mittler, J AF Notermans, DW Goudsmit, J Danner, SA de Wolf, F Perelson, AS Mittler, J TI Rate of HIV-1 decline following antiretroviral therapy is related to viral load at baseline and drug regimen SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE dynamics; biological models; HIV-1; combination drug therapy; ritonavir; zidovudine; lamivudine ID NATURAL-HISTORY; VIRUS LOAD; INFECTION; PLASMA; RNA; SEROCONVERSION; RESERVOIR; PROGNOSIS; DYNAMICS; VIREMIA AB Objectives and design: The dynamics of viral decline following the initiation of antiretroviral treatment were studied in 29 HIV-l-infected patients participating in a two-arm trial comparing immediate (group A: ritonavir, zidovudine and lamivudine) and delayed (group B: ritonavir supplemented by zidovudine and lamivudine on day 21) triple therapy. Parameters underlying viral dynamics were estimated using mathematical models tailored to these treatment protocols. Results: The decline in plasma HIV-1 density between day 0 and 21 was steeper in group A (-2.27 +/- 0.46 log(10)) than group B (-1.87 +/- 0.56 log(10)). In a subset of patients amenable to full mathematical analysis, a short-lived productively infected cell compartment (producing similar to 97% of total virions) decayed with a half-life of 1.0-2.5 days, whereas a long-lived infected cell compartment decayed with a half-life of 18.8-32.8 days. Estimates for the time for the elimination of virus from these two cell populations ranged from 474 to 802 days. The rate of loss of productively infected CD4+ T cells was positively correlated with baseline viral load in group A and in the combined dataset. Conclusions: These results suggest that HIV-infected cell populations may have a faster turnover in patients with higher viral loads due to higher infection rate parameters, higher rates of virus production, or lower virus clearance rates. (C) 1998 Lippincott-Raven Publishers. C1 Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Human Retrovirol, NL-1100 DE Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis Trop Med & AIDS, NL-1100 DE Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Natl AIDS Therapy Evaluat Ctr, Dept Internal Med, NL-1100 DE Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Goudsmit, J (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Human Retrovirol, POB 22700, NL-1100 DE Amsterdam, Netherlands. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR06555]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI40387] NR 25 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 12 BP 1483 EP 1490 DI 10.1097/00002030-199812000-00010 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 112EH UT WOS:000075480800010 PM 9727569 ER PT J AU Luo, X McCreary, EL Atencio, JH McCown, AW Sander, RK AF Luo, X McCreary, EL Atencio, JH McCown, AW Sander, RK TI Bubble chamber as a trace chemical detector SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION-MEASUREMENTS; NUCLEATION; SOLVENTS AB A novel concept for trace chemical analysis in liquids has been demonstrated. The technique utilizes light absorption in a superheated liquid. Although a superheated Liquid is thermodynamically unstable, a high degree of superheating can be dynamically achieved for a short period of time. During this time the superheated liquid is extremely sensitive to boiling at nucleation sites produced by energy deposition. Observation of bubbles in the superheated liquid in some sense provides amplification of the initial energy deposition. Bubble chambers containing superheated liquids have been used to detect energetic particles; now a bubble chamber is used to detect a trace chemical in superheated liquid propane by observing bubble formation initiated by optical absorption. Crystal violet is used as a test case and can be detected at the subpart-per-10(12) level by using a Nd:YAG laser. The mechanism for bubble formation and ideas for further improvement are discussed. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Gemfire Corp, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Luo, X (reprint author), Gemfire Corp, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 24 BP 5640 EP 5646 DI 10.1364/AO.37.005640 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 110CA UT WOS:000075360700016 PM 18286050 ER PT J AU Sherwood, JL Petersen, JN Skeen, RS AF Sherwood, JL Petersen, JN Skeen, RS TI Biodegradation of 1,1,1-trichloroethane by a carbon tetrachloride-degrading denitrifying consortium SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE denitrification; biodegradation; kinetics; 1,1,1-trichloroethane ID SP STRAIN KC; DENITRIFICATION CONDITIONS; BIOLOGICAL DESTRUCTION; TRANSFORMATION; NITRATE; INHIBITION; CCL4 AB A denitrifying consortium capable of degrading carbon tetrachloride (CT) was shown to also degrade 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA). Fed-batch experiments demonstrated that the specific rate of TCA degradation by the consortium was comparable to the specific rate of CT degradation (approximately 0.01 L/gmol/min) and was independent of the limiting nutrient. Although previous work demonstrated that 4-50% of CT transformed by the consortium was converted to chloroform (CF), no reductive dechlorination products were detected during TCA degradation, regardless of the limiting nutrient. The lack of chlorinated TCA degradation products implies that the denitrifying consortium possesses an alternate pathway for the degradation of chlorinated solvents which does not involve reductive dechlorination. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Bioproc Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Petersen, JN (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, POB 642710, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jn_petersen@wsu.edu RI Petersen, James/B-8924-2008 NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 59 IS 4 BP 393 EP 399 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 101LZ UT WOS:000074871600001 ER PT J AU Fast, JD Zhong, SY AF Fast, JD Zhong, SY TI Meteorological factors associated with inhomogeneous ozone concentrations within the Mexico City basin SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID 4-DIMENSIONAL DATA-ASSIMILATION; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CLOSURE-MODEL; AIR-POLLUTION; PREDICTION; FLOWS; TURBULENCE; DISPERSION; TERRAIN; PROJECT AB Meteorological processes associated with inhomogeneous ozone concentrations over Mexico City are examined by using observations from a recent field campaign and a mesoscale dynamics and dispersion modeling system. During this 4-week field campaign, meteorological measurements of the spatial flow structure within the Mexico City basin were obtained for the first time. A mesoscale model that employs four-dimensional data assimilation is used to create analyses that describe the boundary layer characteristics and local and regional circulations in the vicinity of Mexico City. The mesoscale analyses are then used to drive a Lagrangian particle dispersion model to simulate pollutant transport and diffusion. The resemblance between the calculated particle concentration fields and the observed spatial ozone patterns indicates that the mesoscale analyses, based on the model and the observed profiles of wind, temperature, and humidity, captured the main flow features responsible for the inhomogeneous ozone concentrations within the basin. The highest particle concentrations usually occurred in the vicinity of the peak ozone concentrations during the afternoon. The observations and mesoscale analyses provided evidence that the circulations are highly complex, and relatively weak upper level synoptic systems had an impact on the local and regional thermally driven flows in the area. Ln addition to horizontal advection and vertical diffusion, vertical wind shears, recirculation patterns associated with venting and entrainment processes, and mean vertical motions due to convergence within the basin also played an important role in producing the spatial variations in the near-surface particle distributions. The contribution of emissions from the previous day was found to be relatively minor for the periods examined in this study, even though the nocturnal wind speeds were light, suggesting that the high ozone concentrations are not due to multiday accumulation of pollutants. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm & Hlth Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Fast, JD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm & Hlth Sci Div, POB 999,MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jerome.fast@pnl.gov; shiyuan.zhong@pnl.gov NR 41 TC 97 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 103 IS D15 BP 18927 EP 18946 DI 10.1029/98JD01725 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 112LE UT WOS:000075495500005 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Bischof, CH Easter, RC Wu, PT AF Zhang, Y Bischof, CH Easter, RC Wu, PT TI Sensitivity analysis of a mixed-phase chemical mechanism using automatic differentiation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID MASS ACCOMMODATION COEFFICIENTS; AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; HETEROGENEOUS REACTIONS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; AQUEOUS SURFACES; SULFURIC-ACID; OZONE; SO2; N2O5 AB A sensitivity analysis of a comprehensive mixed-phase chemical mechanism is conducted under a variety of atmospheric conditions. The local sensitivities of gas and aqueous phase species concentrations with respect to a variety of model parameters are calculated using the novel automatic differentiation ADIFOR tool. The main chemical reaction pathways in all phases, interfacial mass transfer processes, and ambient physical parameters that affect tropospheric O-3 formation and O-3-precursor relations under all modeled conditions are identified and analyzed. The results show that the presence of clouds not only reduces many gas phase species concentrations and the total oxidizing capacity but alters O-3-precursor relations. Decreases in gas phase concentrations and photochemical formation rates of O-3 can be up to 9% and 100%, respectively, depending on the preexisting atmospheric conditions. The decrease in O-3 formation is primarily caused by the aqueous phase reactions of O-2(-) with dissolved HO2 and O-3 under most cloudy conditions. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Environm & Energy Sci Div, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, 2682 Bishop Dr,Suite 120, San Ramon, CA 94583 USA. EM yzhang@aer.com RI Bischof, Christian/D-2897-2009 NR 60 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 103 IS D15 BP 18953 EP 18979 DI 10.1029/98JD01278 PG 27 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 112LE UT WOS:000075495500007 ER PT J AU Hartzell, CJ Cygan, RT Nagy, KL AF Hartzell, CJ Cygan, RT Nagy, KL TI Molecular modeling of the tributyl phosphate complex of europium nitrate in the clay hectorite SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; SOLID-STATE NMR; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MINERALS; MONTMORILLONITE; SMECTITES; CATIONS; WATER; NA-23 AB Molecular modeling of the large tributyl phosphate complex of europium provides a test of the sensitivity of force field calculations to molecules within the interlayer of a trioctahedral smectite clay. A nonbonded version of the consistent-valence force field was utilized. Parametrization is based on the structures of simple clays and oxides. The simulations were carried out with complete translational freedom for all atoms. Energy minimization of the hectorite supercell containing, within the interlayer, the Eu.3TBP complex as the trinitrate, eight sodium cations, and 48 waters of hydration resulted in a d spacing of 18.66 Angstrom. Molecular dynamics simulations at 298 K resulted in a d spacing of 17.40 +/- 0.15 Angstrom. The experimental d spacing for hectorite absorbed with the TBP solvate of EU(NO3)(3) is 17.18 +/- 0.04 Angstrom. C1 No Arizona Univ, Dept Chem, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Hartzell, CJ (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Chem, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 34 BP 6722 EP 6729 DI 10.1021/jp981089m PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 117MY UT WOS:000075786500003 ER PT J AU Luna, M Rieutord, F Melman, NA Dai, Q Salmeron, M AF Luna, M Rieutord, F Melman, NA Dai, Q Salmeron, M TI Adsorption of water on alkali halide surfaces studied by scanning polarization force microscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; NACL(100) AB The adsorption of water on several alkali halide surfaces was studied using scanning polarization force microscopy. Water adsorption leads to an overall increase of surface potential and ionic mobility. At a critical humidity that is characteristic of each salt (NaCl, KCI, KBr, and KI), important changes in the rate of increase of the surface potential and ionic mobility occurred. Topographical changes occurred as well, in the form of step motion. These were observed to occur at a fast rate above the critical point, while little step motion occurred at lower humidity. Dissolution of the crystal (deliquescence) is observed at high humidity. Below the critical humidity, contact potential images indicate that preferential solvation of cations occurs at steps producing a large enhancement of the step contrast in the images. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. CEA, Dept Rech Fondamentale Mat Condensee, F-38054 Grenoble, France. Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Phys, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands. RP Salmeron, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Luna, Monica/M-1792-2014 OI Luna, Monica/0000-0002-7104-0726 NR 14 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 34 BP 6793 EP 6800 DI 10.1021/jp9820875 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 117MY UT WOS:000075786500013 ER PT J AU Wang, LW Zunger, A AF Wang, LW Zunger, A TI High-energy excitonic transitions in CdSe quantum dots SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID SPECTROSCOPY; ASSIGNMENT AB An atomistic direct diagonalization pseudopotential approach has been used to analyze the optical excitation spectra of CdSe quantum dots for up to 1.5 eV about the band gap. Good agreement is obtained with experiment for all the eight excitonic transitions, without resorting to fitting to the experimental data on dots. The observed excitonic transitions are identified in terms of specific pairs of valence and conduction single-particle states. For the lowest few transitions, the assignments agree with the conventional k.p effective-mass result, but this is not the case for the higher peaks. Indeed, we find in our atomistic approach that many more valence states exist within a given energy range than in the continuum k.p approach. Furthermore, we find that the mixing of even and odd angular momentum symmetry, disallowed in the contemporary simple k.p models, is actually permitted in the more general atomistic approach. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wang, LW (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 21 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 34 BP 6449 EP 6454 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 117MX UT WOS:000075786400001 ER PT J AU Ellingson, RJ Asbury, JB Ferrere, S Ghosh, HN Sprague, JR Lian, TQ Nozik, AJ AF Ellingson, RJ Asbury, JB Ferrere, S Ghosh, HN Sprague, JR Lian, TQ Nozik, AJ TI Dynamics of electron injection in nanocrystalline titanium dioxide films sensitized with [Ru(4,4 '-dicarboxy-2,2 '-bipyridine)(2)(NCS)(2)] by infrared transient absorption SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID TIO2; DYE AB We have used femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy to time resolve the injection of electrons into nanocrystalline TiO2 film electrodes under ambient conditions following photoexcitation of the adsorbed dye, [Ru(4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine)(2)(NCS)(2)] (N3). Pumping at one of the metal-to-ligand charge-transfer absorption peaks and probing the absorption by injected electrons in the TiO2 at 1.52 mu m and in the range of 4.1-7.0 mu m, we have directly observed the arrival of electrons injected into the TiO2 film. Our measurements indicate an instrument-limited similar to 50 fs upper limit on the electron injection time. We have compared the infrared transient absorption for noninjecting systems consisting of N3 in ethanol and N3 adsorbed to films of nanocrystalline Al2O3 and ZrO2 and found no indication of electron injection at probe wavelengths in the mid-IR (4.1-7.0 mu m). C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Ellingson, RJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Ellingson, Randy/H-3424-2013; Lian, Tianquan/L-8992-2013; Ghosh, Hirendra/J-8776-2012; Nozik, Arthur/A-1481-2012; Nozik, Arthur/P-2641-2016 OI Lian, Tianquan/0000-0002-8351-3690; NR 15 TC 239 Z9 239 U1 3 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 34 BP 6455 EP 6458 DI 10.1021/jp982310y PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 117MX UT WOS:000075786400002 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, MG Kot, CA AF Srinivasan, MG Kot, CA TI Damage index algorithm for a circular cylindrical shell SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Letter C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Srinivasan, MG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 215 IS 3 BP 587 EP 591 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1998.1627 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 110QU UT WOS:000075392500014 ER PT J AU Seurin, JFP Liu, GB Barnes, DC Babic, DI Corzine, SW Tan, MRT AF Seurin, JFP Liu, GB Barnes, DC Babic, DI Corzine, SW Tan, MRT TI A finite-difference time-domain electromagnetic field solver for vertical-cavity lasers SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE electromagnetic field solver; finite-difference time-domain methods; vertical-cavity lasers ID SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS AB We present a full-vector Maxwell equation solver for the analysis of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with circular symmetry using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method We apply this model to the air-post index-guided 1.55 mu m VCSEL structure, and determine the resonant wavelengths and the quality factor for elected lowest order modes. The results of this study enable quantitative and qualitative descriptions of the transverse-mode competition and emission spectra of VCSELs. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Hewlett Packard Labs, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Seurin, JFP (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0895-2477 J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 18 IS 6 BP 385 EP 387 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2760(19980820)18:6<385::AID-MOP6>3.0.CO;2-9 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA 103KP UT WOS:000075155700006 ER PT J AU Pratt, LR Laviolette, RA AF Pratt, LR Laviolette, RA TI Quasi-chemical theories of associated liquids SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIRECTIONAL ATTRACTIVE FORCES; HYDROGEN-BONDED FLUIDS; THERMODYNAMIC PERTURBATION-THEORY; NETWORK-FORMING FLUIDS; LATTICE MODEL; CLUSTER EXPANSIONS; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; SUPERCOOLED WATER; DENSITY ANOMALIES; EQUILIBRIUM AB It is shown how traditional development of theories of fluids based upon the concept of physical clustering can be adapted to an alternative local clustering definition. The alternative clustering definition can preserve a detailed valence description of the interactions between a solution species and its near-neighbours, i.e., cooperativity and saturation of coordination for strong association. These clusters remain finite even for condensed phases. The simplest theory to which these developments lead is analogous to quasi-chemical theories of cooperative phenomena. The present quasi-chemical theories require additional consideration of packing issues because they do not impose lattice discretizations on the continuous problem. These quasi-chemical theories do not require pair decomposable interaction potential energy models. Since calculations may be required only for moderately sized clusters, it is suggested that these quasi-chemical theories could be implemented with computational tools of current molecular electronic structure theory. In this way an intermediate step of approximate force field generation can be avoided. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Idaho Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Pratt, LR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Pratt, Lawrence/H-7955-2012 OI Pratt, Lawrence/0000-0003-2351-7451 NR 63 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 94 IS 6 BP 909 EP 915 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 112PE UT WOS:000075502300004 ER PT J AU van Severen, UJ Clark, RM Krucken, R Hubel, H Asztalos, SJ Becker, JA Busse, BC Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Hauschild, K Hibbert, IM Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO MacLeod, RW Schmid, G Stephens, FS Vetter, K Wadsworth, R Wan, S AF van Severen, UJ Clark, RM Krucken, R Hubel, H Asztalos, SJ Becker, JA Busse, BC Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Hauschild, K Hibbert, IM Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO MacLeod, RW Schmid, G Stephens, FS Vetter, K Wadsworth, R Wan, S TI Comparative quadrupole moments of superdeformed bands in Pb193-196 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS; TRANSITION RATES; SPIN STATES; HG-194; PB-194; NUCLEI; DY-152 AB Lifetimes have been measured for states in five superdeformed yrast bands in Pb193-196 using the Gammasphere spectrometer array. Centroid shifts and lineshapes of transitions showing attenuated Doppler shifts have been analyzed. Transition quadrupole moments are deduced for the five bands including, for the first time, bands of two odd-A Pb isotopes. The quadrupole moments are found to be remarkably similar for the yrast bands in Pb-194 (band 1), Pb-195 (bands 1 and 2) and Pb-196 (band 1)(Q(t) approximate to 20 b). However, for Pb-193 a smaller value, Q(t) = 17.3(7) b, is obtained. This can be explained in terms of the occupation of the neutron N = 7 intruder orbitals. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bonn, Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO1 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Gesell Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. RP van Severen, UJ (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. RI Hauschild, Karl/A-6726-2009; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 NR 26 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 434 IS 1-2 BP 14 EP 20 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00819-3 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 119DB UT WOS:000075879200003 ER PT J AU Allen, TJ Olsson, MG Veseli, S AF Allen, TJ Olsson, MG Veseli, S TI Excited glue and the vibrating flux tube SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID HYBRID MESONS; STRING THEORY; MODEL; QCD AB Recent lattice results for the energy of gluonic excitations as a function of quark separation are shown to correspond to transverse relativistic flux tube vibration modes. For large quark separations all states, appear to degenerate into a few categories which are predicted uniquely, given the ground state. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Allen, TJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 29 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 434 IS 1-2 BP 110 EP 114 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00738-2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 119DB UT WOS:000075879200018 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Easo, S El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falagan, MA Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gataullin, M Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW van Gulik, R Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Haas, D Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A Hidas, P Hirschfelder, J van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Iashvili, I Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A Lacentre, P de Guevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lavorato, A Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, T Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Leggett, C Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Marchesini, P Marian, G Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Mi, Y Migani, D Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Moulik, T Mount, R Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Nessi-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palit, S Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Pothier, J Produit, N Prokofiev, D Quartieri, J Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S van Rhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Rind, O Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Rosselet, P Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sauvage, G Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-Kaerst, S Schmitz, D Schneegans, M Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Valente, E Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yang, HJ Yang, M Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F Zilizi, G AF Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Easo, S El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falagan, MA Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gataullin, M Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW van Gulik, R Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Haas, D Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A Hidas, P Hirschfelder, J van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Iashvili, I Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A Lacentre, P de Guevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lavorato, A Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, T Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Leggett, C Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Marchesini, P Marian, G Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG Mazumdar, K Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Mi, Y Migani, D Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Moulik, T Mount, R Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Nessi-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palit, S Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Pothier, J Produit, N Prokofiev, D Quartieri, J Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S van Rhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Rind, O Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Rosselet, P Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sauvage, G Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-Kaerst, S Schmitz, D Schneegans, M Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Valente, E Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yang, HJ Yang, M Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F Zilizi, G CA L3 Collaboration TI Measurement of the anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments of the tau lepton SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; PAIR PRODUCTION; JET FRAGMENTATION; L3 EXPERIMENT; E+E-PHYSICS; DETECTOR; COLLISIONS AB We analyse e(+)e(-) --> tau tau gamma events using 100 pb(-1) of data collected by the L3 experiment during the 1991-1995 LEP runs at the Z pole. From the energy of the photons and their isolation from the tau decay products, we determine the anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments of the tau to be, respectively: a(tau) = 0.004 +/- 0.027 +/- 0.023; d(tau) = (0.0 +/- 1.5 +/- 1.3) x 10(16) e.cm. This is a direct measurement of these tau form factors at q(2) = 0. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, LAPP, IN2P3, CNRS, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Humboldt Univ, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. Univ Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. INFN, Sez Biol, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Inst Atom Phys, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Univ Bucharest, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Hungarian Acad Sci, Cent Res Inst Phys, H-1525 Budapest 114, Hungary. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Florence, I-50125 Florence, Italy. CERN, European Lab Particle Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. World Lab, FBLJA Project, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Chinese Univ Sci & Technol, USTC, Hefei 230029, Anhui, Peoples R China. SEFT, Res Inst High Energy Phys, SF-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Univ Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Univ Cyprus, Dept Nat Sci, Nicosia, Cyprus. Catholic Univ Nijmegen, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Rome, I-00185 Rome, Italy. INFN, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Inst Phys Nucl, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Salerno, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. INFN, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Santiago, Dept Fis Particulas Elementales, E-15706 Santiago, Spain. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Cent Lab Mech & Instrumentat, BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35486 USA. Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. NIKHEF H, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. DESY, Inst Hochenergiephys, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Univ Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu, Taiwan. RP Acciarri, M (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. RI Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015; Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Palomares, Carmen/H-7783-2015; Fedin, Oleg/H-6753-2016; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Yang, Haijun/O-1055-2015; OI D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532; Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Palomares, Carmen/0000-0003-4374-9065; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Ambrosi, Giovanni/0000-0001-6977-9559; Longo, Egidio/0000-0001-6238-6787; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Diemoz, Marcella/0000-0002-3810-8530; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Sciacca, Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072; Kirkby, David/0000-0002-8828-5463; Faccini, Riccardo/0000-0003-2613-5141; Bertucci, Bruna/0000-0001-7584-293X; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; Goldstein, Joel/0000-0003-1591-6014 NR 22 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 434 IS 1-2 BP 169 EP 179 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00736-9 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 119DB UT WOS:000075879200027 ER PT J AU Breitweg, J Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, D Musgrave, B Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Yoshida, R Zhang, H Mattingly, MCK Anselmo, F Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Castellini, G Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Coppola, N Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Polini, A Sartorelli, G Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Brock, I Coboken, K Crittenden, J Deffner, R Eckert, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Kappes, A Katz, UF Kerger, R Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Stamm, J Wieber, H Bailey, DS Campbell-Robson, S Cottingham, WN Foster, B Hall-Wilton, R Heath, GP Heath, HF McFall, JD Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Capua, M Iannotti, L Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Jing, Z Liu, W Mellado, B Parsons, JA Ritz, S Sampson, S Sciulli, F Straub, PB Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Klimek, K Przybycien, MB Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Bukowy, M Czermak, AM Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Rulikowska-Zarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Dulinski, Z Kotanski, A Abbiendi, G Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Desler, K Drews, G Fricke, U Gialas, I Goebel, F Gottlicher, P Graciani, R Haas, T Hain, W Hartner, GF Hasell, D Hebbel, K Johnson, KF Kasemann, M Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Lindemann, L Lohr, B Martinez, M Milewski, J Milite, M Monteiro, T Notz, D Pellegrino, A Pelucchi, F Piotrzkowski, K Rohde, M Roldan, J Ryan, JJ Saull, PRB Savin, AA Schneekloth, U Schwarzer, O Selonke, F Stonjek, S Surrow, B Tassi, E Westphal, D Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zeuner, W Burow, BD Coldewey, C Grabosch, HJ Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Maccarrone, G Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Markun, P Raach, H Trefzger, T Wolfle, S Bromley, JT Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Lee, SW Macdonald, N McCance, GJ Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Skillicorn, IO Strickland, E Waugh, R Bohnet, I Gendner, N Holm, U Meyer-Larsen, A Salehi, H Wick, K Garfagnini, A Gladilin, LK Kcira, D Klanner, R Lohrmann, E Poelz, C Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Butterworth, I Cole, JE Howell, G Lamberti, L Long, KR Miller, DB Pavel, N Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Sideris, D Walker, R Mallik, U Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D Fleck, JI Ishii, T Kuze, M Suzuki, I Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamauchi, K Yamazaki, Y Hong, SJ Lee, SB Nam, SW Park, SK Lim, H Park, IH Son, D Barreiro, F Fernandez, JP Garcia, G Glasman, C Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L del Peso, J Puga, J Terron, J de Troconiz, JF Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmann, J Hung, LW Murray, WN Ochs, A Riveline, M Stairs, DG St-Laurent, M Ullmann, R Tsurugai, T Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Khein, LA Korotkova, NA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Botje, M Brummer, N Engelen, J Koffeman, E Kooijman, P van Sighem, A Tiecke, H Tuning, N Verkerke, W Vossebeld, J Wiggers, I de Wolf, E Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Ginsburg, CM Kim, CL Ling, TY Nylander, P Romanowski, TA Blaikley, HE Cashmore, RJ Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Edmonds, JK Grosse-Knetter, J Harnew, N Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Ruske, O Tickner, JR Walczak, R Waters, DS Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Bulmahn, J Oh, BY Okrasinski, JR Toothacker, WS Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Raso, M Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Epperson, D Heusch, C Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Wichmann, R Williams, DC Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S Kananov, S Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Inuzuka, M Nagano, K Umemori, K Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Matsushita, T Arneodo, M Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Monaco, V Peroni, C Petrucci, MC Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Fagerstroem, CP Galea, R Joo, KK Levman, GM Orr, JFMRS Polenz, S Sabetfakhri, A Simmons, D Butterworth, JM Catterall, CD Hayes, ME Jones, TW Lane, JB Saunders, RL Sutton, MR Wing, M Ciborowski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Pawlak, R Smalska, B Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Deppe, O Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Badgett, WF Chapin, D Cross, R Dasu, S Foudas, C Loveless, RJ Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Hughes, VW Bhadra, S Frisken, WR Khakzad, M Schmidke, WB AF Breitweg, J Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, D Musgrave, B Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Yoshida, R Zhang, H Mattingly, MCK Anselmo, F Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Castellini, G Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Coppola, N Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Polini, A Sartorelli, G Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Brock, I Coboken, K Crittenden, J Deffner, R Eckert, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Kappes, A Katz, UF Kerger, R Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Stamm, J Wieber, H Bailey, DS Campbell-Robson, S Cottingham, WN Foster, B Hall-Wilton, R Heath, GP Heath, HF McFall, JD Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Capua, M Iannotti, L Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Jing, Z Liu, W Mellado, B Parsons, JA Ritz, S Sampson, S Sciulli, F Straub, PB Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Klimek, K Przybycien, MB Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bednarek, B Bukowy, M Czermak, AM Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Rulikowska-Zarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Dulinski, Z Kotanski, A Abbiendi, G Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Desler, K Drews, G Fricke, U Gialas, I Goebel, F Gottlicher, P Graciani, R Haas, T Hain, W Hartner, GF Hasell, D Hebbel, K Johnson, KF Kasemann, M Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Lindemann, L Lohr, B Martinez, M Milewski, J Milite, M Monteiro, T Notz, D Pellegrino, A Pelucchi, F Piotrzkowski, K Rohde, M Roldan, J Ryan, JJ Saull, PRB Savin, AA Schneekloth, U Schwarzer, O Selonke, F Stonjek, S Surrow, B Tassi, E Westphal, D Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zeuner, W Burow, BD Coldewey, C Grabosch, HJ Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Maccarrone, G Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Markun, P Raach, H Trefzger, T Wolfle, S Bromley, JT Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Lee, SW Macdonald, N McCance, GJ Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Skillicorn, IO Strickland, E Waugh, R Bohnet, I Gendner, N Holm, U Meyer-Larsen, A Salehi, H Wick, K Garfagnini, A Gladilin, LK Kcira, D Klanner, R Lohrmann, E Poelz, C Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Butterworth, I Cole, JE Howell, G Lamberti, L Long, KR Miller, DB Pavel, N Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Sideris, D Walker, R Mallik, U Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D Fleck, JI Ishii, T Kuze, M Suzuki, I Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamauchi, K Yamazaki, Y Hong, SJ Lee, SB Nam, SW Park, SK Lim, H Park, IH Son, D Barreiro, F Fernandez, JP Garcia, G Glasman, C Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L del Peso, J Puga, J Terron, J de Troconiz, JF Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmann, J Hung, LW Murray, WN Ochs, A Riveline, M Stairs, DG St-Laurent, M Ullmann, R Tsurugai, T Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Khein, LA Korotkova, NA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Botje, M Brummer, N Engelen, J Koffeman, E Kooijman, P van Sighem, A Tiecke, H Tuning, N Verkerke, W Vossebeld, J Wiggers, I de Wolf, E Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Ginsburg, CM Kim, CL Ling, TY Nylander, P Romanowski, TA Blaikley, HE Cashmore, RJ Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Edmonds, JK Grosse-Knetter, J Harnew, N Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Ruske, O Tickner, JR Walczak, R Waters, DS Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Bulmahn, J Oh, BY Okrasinski, JR Toothacker, WS Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Raso, M Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Epperson, D Heusch, C Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Wichmann, R Williams, DC Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S Kananov, S Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Inuzuka, M Nagano, K Umemori, K Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Matsushita, T Arneodo, M Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Monaco, V Peroni, C Petrucci, MC Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Fagerstroem, CP Galea, R Joo, KK Levman, GM Orr, JFMRS Polenz, S Sabetfakhri, A Simmons, D Butterworth, JM Catterall, CD Hayes, ME Jones, TW Lane, JB Saunders, RL Sutton, MR Wing, M Ciborowski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Pawlak, R Smalska, B Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Deppe, O Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Badgett, WF Chapin, D Cross, R Dasu, S Foudas, C Loveless, RJ Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Hughes, VW Bhadra, S Frisken, WR Khakzad, M Schmidke, WB CA ZEUS Collaboration TI Search for selectron and squark production in e(+)p collisions at HERA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO GENERATOR; ENERGY EP COLLISIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS; JET FRAGMENTATION; EVENT GENERATOR; E+E-PHYSICS; MODEL; SUPERSYMMETRY; SUPERGRAVITY AB We have searched for the production of a selectron and a squark in e(+)p collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 300 GeV using the ZEUS detector at HERA. The selectron and squark are sought in the direct decay into the lightest neutralino in the framework of supersymmetric extensions to the Standard Model which conserve R-parity. No evidence for the production of supersymmetric particles has been found in a data sample corresponding to 46.6 pb(-1) of integrated luminosity. We express upper limits on the product of the cross section times the decay branching ratios as excluded regions in the parameter space of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Acad Min & Met, Fac Phys & Nucl Techniques, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. IFN Zeuthen, DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Nazl Frascati Lab, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Hamburg, Inst Exp Phys 1, Hamburg, Germany. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys 2, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, Julich, Germany. KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Fac Sci 2, Alessandria, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Alessandria, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. CNR, IROE, I-50127 Florence, Italy. RP Breitweg, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016 OI Bailey, David C/0000-0002-7970-7839; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Kasemann, Matthias/0000-0002-0429-2448; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Abbiendi, Giovanni/0000-0003-4499-7562; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/0000-0001-7166-5198; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 20 PY 1998 VL 434 IS 1-2 BP 214 EP 230 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00817-X PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 119DB UT WOS:000075879200032 ER PT J AU Diercks, R Eaton, BE Gurtzgen, S Jalisatgi, S Matzger, AJ Radde, RH Vollhardt, KPC AF Diercks, R Eaton, BE Gurtzgen, S Jalisatgi, S Matzger, AJ Radde, RH Vollhardt, KPC TI The first metallacyclopentadiene(alkyne) complexes and their discrete isomerization to eta 4-bound arenes: The missing link in the prevalent mechanism of transition metal catalyzed alkyne cyclotrimerizations, as exemplified by cyclopentadienylcobalt SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CYCLOADDITION REACTIONS; COBALT METALLACYCLES; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; SUBSTITUTED ALKYNES; COBALTACYCLOPENTADIENE; LIGANDS; RHODIUM; CYCLIZATION; MOLYBDENUM C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vollhardt, KPC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Matzger, Adam/G-7497-2016 OI Matzger, Adam/0000-0002-4926-2752 NR 57 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 1998 VL 120 IS 32 BP 8247 EP 8248 DI 10.1021/ja981766q PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 113LX UT WOS:000075553400030 ER PT J AU Firestone, MA Thiyagarajan, P Tiede, DM AF Firestone, MA Thiyagarajan, P Tiede, DM TI Structure and optical properties of a thermoresponsive polymer-grafted, lipid-based complex fluid SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID HEXAGONAL-HII PHASE; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PHOSPHOLIPID-MEMBRANES; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; CUBIC PHASES; BILAYERS; TRANSITION; GELS; SYSTEMS; POLYMORPHISM AB We report herein an example of a self-assembling, stimulus-responsive complex fluid that snitches between two distinct structural (two-dimensional (2-D) to one-dimensional supramolecular architecture) and functional (fluid to gel and nonbirefringent to birefringent) states in response to modest temperature changes. This complex fluid is formed by the noncovalent self-assembly of a quaternary mixture of a phospholipid, dimyristolyphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), a lipopolymer consisting of poly(ethylene oxide) terminally grafted onto the phosphate headgroup of DMPE (DMPE-EO45), and a cosurfactant, lauryldimethylamine N-oxide (LDAO), dispersed in water. The supramolecular assembly formed by this mixture has been found to undergo a reversible transformation from a liquid-crystalline gel to a nonbirefringent fluid upon reduction in temperature. The onset of the thermotropic phase transition has been determined to be 16 degrees C by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The structural organization(i.e., the supramolecular architecture) of the noncovalent aggregate above and below this phase transition has been probed on a range of length scales (i.e., macrosopic, mesoscopic, and nanoscopic) using polarized optical microscopy (POM), small angle neutron scattering (SANS), transmission Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (P-31 NMR) spectroscopy. The line shape of the P-31 NMR resonance of the fluid phase indicates hexagonal structural ordering. Low-resolution crystallographic structure analysis using SANS confirms the 31P NMR findings, indicating that the structure consists of a 2-D hexagonal (space group p6m) array of cylinders with the distance between the center of adjacent tubes (i.e., lattice spacing) of 345 Angstrom. The topology of the phase has been found to be a normal hexagonal structure, H-1, in which the hydrocarbon chains fill the interior of the cylinders, and the cylinders are immersed in a water continuum. The absence of birefringence in the fluid phase under crossed polarizers is believed to arise from the shortened axis of the cylinders. Structural characterization by 31P NMR and SANS demonstrates that the gel phase comprises microdomains of lamellae with a lattice spacing of 153 Angstrom. The lamellar structure, however, is a high defect structure, as evidenced by POM and the broad Bragg peaks in the small-angle neutron diffraction profile. Evaluation of the conformational state of the hydrocarbon chains by transmission FT-IR spectroscopy indicates high gauche content (type alpha), providing evidence that gelation is not a consequence of alkyl chain ordering. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Firestone, MA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM firestone@anlchm.chm.anl.gov NR 73 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD AUG 18 PY 1998 VL 14 IS 17 BP 4688 EP 4698 DI 10.1021/la9805995 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 112GD UT WOS:000075485000004 ER PT J AU Pollitt, SK Schultz, PG AF Pollitt, SK Schultz, PG TI A photochemical switch for controlling protein-protein interactions SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE amino acids; mutagenesis; photochemistry; ras proteins; signal transduction ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; NONHEME IRON ENZYMES; SOYBEAN LIPOXYGENASE-1; ACTIVE-SITES; SPECTROSCOPY; ACTIVATION; COMPLEX; SPIN; DOMAIN; LIGAND C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schultz, PG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 34 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 15 BP 2104 EP 2107 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19980817)37:15<2104::AID-ANIE2104>3.0.CO;2-Z PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 113CR UT WOS:000075532600016 ER PT J AU Misra, A Fayeulle, S Kung, H Mitchell, TE Nastasi, M AF Misra, A Fayeulle, S Kung, H Mitchell, TE Nastasi, M TI Effects of ion irradiation on the residual stresses in Cr thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BOMBARDMENT; RELAXATION AB Cr films sputtered onto {100} Si substrates at room temperature were found to be under residual tension, as revealed by wafer curvature measurements. A 150 nm thick Cr film was bombarded with 300 keV Ar ions after deposition. The intrinsic residual tensile stress increased slightly and then decreased with further increase in the ion dose. For ion doses >1 x 1015 ions/cm2, the stress in the film became compressive and increased with increasing dose. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the grain boundaries in as-deposited Cr have columnar porosity. A Cr film, ion irradiated to a dose of 5 x 1015 ions/cm2, showed no grain boundary porosity. The changes in the residual stress during ion irradiation are explained by considering Ar incorporation in the film and the manner the manner in which irradiation may change the interatomic distances and forces. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Misra, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM amisra@lanl.gov RI Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012 NR 13 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 7 BP 891 EP 893 DI 10.1063/1.122029 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 111QK UT WOS:000075449000010 ER PT J AU Takeuchi, I Chang, H Gao, C Schultz, PG Xiang, XD Sharma, RP Downes, MJ Venkatesan, T AF Takeuchi, I Chang, H Gao, C Schultz, PG Xiang, XD Sharma, RP Downes, MJ Venkatesan, T TI Combinatorial synthesis and evaluation of epitaxial ferroelectric device libraries SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; DEPOSITION AB Combinatorial libraries of parallel-plate capacitors, consisting of Pt and La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 electrodes and a doped BaxSr1-xTiO3 dielectric layer, have been fabricated and analyzed to systematically study the effects of dopants on device performance. Epitaxial heterostructure libraries with sharp interfaces were generated from amorphous layers on LaAlO3 substrates. Two hundred and forty different host/dopant combinations were synthesized on a 1/2 in. by 1/2 in, substrate, with 23 capacitors for each combination. Addition of 1.5 mol % W was found to increase the figure of merit (epsilon/I-leak) 220-fold and reduce the high-frequency (MHz and GHz) loss tangent by fourfold. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Xiang, XD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Xiang, Xiaodong/A-9445-2012; Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013; Xiang, Xiaodong/A-5936-2017 NR 9 TC 63 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 7 BP 894 EP 896 DI 10.1063/1.122030 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 111QK UT WOS:000075449000011 ER PT J AU Jia, QX Findikoglu, AT Reagor, D Lu, P AF Jia, QX Findikoglu, AT Reagor, D Lu, P TI Improvement in performance of electrically tunable devices based on nonlinear dielectric SrTiO3 using a homoepitaxial LaAlO3 interlayer SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILM; YBA2CU3O7-X AB Improved structural and dielectric properties of nonlinear dielectric SrTiO3 thin films on LaAlO3 substrates were accomplished by incorporating a homoepitaxial LaAlO3 interlayer between the substrate and the dielectric film. Using this interlayer, the duality factor of SrTiO3 films with high-temperature superconducting YBa2CU3O7-x electrodes on LaAlO3 substrates was improved by more than 50% at 4.2 GHz and 4 K. This improvement, combined with no change in nonlinearity, led to greater than a 50% enhancement of the finesse factor (defined as the product of the quality factor and the fractional shift resonant frequency) for the coplanar waveguide microwave resonators. The reduced planar defect density in the SrTiO3 films was attributed to this improvement. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Mail Stop K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM qxjia@lanl.gov RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 12 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 7 BP 897 EP 899 DI 10.1063/1.122031 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 111QK UT WOS:000075449000012 ER PT J AU Floro, JA Chason, E Sinclair, MB Freund, LB Lucadamo, GA AF Floro, JA Chason, E Sinclair, MB Freund, LB Lucadamo, GA TI Dynamic self-organization of strained islands during SiGe epitaxial growth SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HETEROEPITAXIAL GROWTH; COHERENT; RELAXATION; GE AB Dynamic self-organization of coherently strained islands during SiGe molecular beam epitaxy on Si(001) is measured in real time using a novel spectroscopic light scattering technique. We show that an array of hut clusters self-orders on a square mesh with increasing areal coverage. Ordering occurs to minimize the repulsive elastic interactions between neighboring islands. Self-organization breaks down when islands coalesce during deposition or during static coarsening. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Brown Univ, Div Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Floro, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 16 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 7 BP 951 EP 953 DI 10.1063/1.122049 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 111QK UT WOS:000075449000030 ER PT J AU Cullen, DM Reed, AT Appelbe, DE Wilson, AN Paul, ES Clark, RM Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO MacLeod, RW AF Cullen, DM Reed, AT Appelbe, DE Wilson, AN Paul, ES Clark, RM Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO MacLeod, RW TI High-K decays and lifetime measurements in Hf-172 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE Te-128(Ca-48,4n); E=200 MeV; measured E-gamma, I-gamma, I-gamma gamma(theta); Hf-172 deduced high-spin levels; I, pi; band structure; high-K isomers; vertical bar gK-gR vertical bar Q(o) values; Doppler Shift Attenuation measurement of mean lifetimes of collective states; transition quadrupole moments; reduced hindrance factors; comparison with Woods-Saxon cranking calculations; enriched targets; GAMMASPHERE spectrometer ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; MULTI-QUASI-PARTICLE; FORBIDDEN TRANSITIONS; BARRIER PENETRATION; SUPERDEFORMED BANDS; ISOMER DECAYS; ALIGNMENT; SELECTION; NUCLEI; RATES AB The known level scheme of Hf-172 has been extended with three new collective rotational bands. Many new transitions have also been observed which link the known bands into the lower-spin states, thereby permitting unambiguous spin and parity assignments to be made for the first time. In particular seven low-intensity gamma-ray transitions have been established which link the K = 12 intrinsic state into a series of lower-K stales. The half-life of the K = 12 state has been determined to be less than 2 ns and reduced hindrance factors have been calculated for each of the new decay transitions. In apparent conflict with the K-selection rule, most of these new decays have small reduced hindrance factors. The reasons for this apparent breakdown in the K-selection rule are discussed in terms of a mixing between states of both low- and high-g. In addition the mean lifetimes of the states in four of the collective rotational bands have been determined using the Doppler shift attenuation method. The deformations extracted from these measurements are in good agreement with predictions from theoretical Total Routhian Surface calculations based on the proposed configuration assignments. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cullen, DM (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. NR 40 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 3-4 BP 662 EP 700 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00329-7 PG 39 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 121WG UT WOS:000076038300002 ER PT J AU Humblet, J Csoto, A Langanke, K AF Humblet, J Csoto, A Langanke, K TI R-matrix and K-matrix analysis of elastic alpha-alpha scattering SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID N-16 BETA-DECAY; CROSS-SECTION; GAMMA)O-16 REACTION; LOW-ENERGY; C-12(ALPHA; CONSTRAINTS; SPECTRUM AB The R- and K-matrix parametrizations are analyzed and compared for the elastic alpha-alpha scattering at center-of-mass energies below 40 MeV. The two parametrizations differ in their definitions of the resonance energy which can lead to quite different results. The physical values of the best-fit parameters are compared with those computed for a potential model. The existence of a broad resonance near 9 MeV is not supported by the data or by the potential model. We discuss the positive and negative aspects for both parametrizations. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 CALTECH, WK Kellogg Radiat Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Liege, Inst Phys, B-4000 Liege 1, Belgium. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Aarhus, Inst Phys & Astron, Aarhus, Denmark. Univ Aarhus, Theoret Astrophys Ctr, Aarhus, Denmark. RP Humblet, J (reprint author), CALTECH, WK Kellogg Radiat Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 3-4 BP 714 EP 726 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00419-9 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 121WG UT WOS:000076038300004 ER PT J AU Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amadon, A Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Aota, S Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barone, M Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bettelli, S Bevensee, B Bhatti, A Biery, K Bigongiari, C Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Blusk, S Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N Brunetti, R Buckley-Geer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Cassada, J Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chiou, CN Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Cocca, E Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Costanzo, D Couyoumtzelis, C Cronin-Hennessy, D Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D Daniels, T DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell' Orso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Erdmann, W Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, RG Feng, Z Ferretti, C Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fukui, Y Gadomski, S Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Ganel, O Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giusti, G Gold, M Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guillian, G da Costa, JG Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handa, T Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hauser, J Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hao, W Hinrichsen, B Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Huang, Z Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jensen, H Joshi, U Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kestenbaum, D Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kim, BJ Kim, HS Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knoblauch, D Koehn, P Kongeter, A Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kowald, W Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, M Lanzoni, M Latino, G LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, AJ Mazzanti, P McIntyre, P Melese, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Miyashita, S Moggi, N Moore, E Morita, Y Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Murgia, S Musy, M Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Reher, D Reischl, M Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Saab, T Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Sliwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strohmer, R Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Suzuki, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Tecchio, M Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Terashi, K Tether, S Theriot, D Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, E Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Ukegawa, F Valls, J van den Brink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vilar, R Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Waner, RL Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, MJ Warburton, A Watanabe, T Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amadon, A Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Aota, S Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barone, M Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bettelli, S Bevensee, B Bhatti, A Biery, K Bigongiari, C Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Blusk, S Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N Brunetti, R Buckley-Geer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Cassada, J Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chiou, CN Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Cocca, E Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Costanzo, D Couyoumtzelis, C Cronin-Hennessy, D Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D Daniels, T DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell' Orso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Erdmann, W Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, RG Feng, Z Ferretti, C Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fukui, Y Gadomski, S Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Ganel, O Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giusti, G Gold, M Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guillian, G da Costa, JG Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handa, T Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hauser, J Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hao, W Hinrichsen, B Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Huang, Z Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jensen, H Joshi, U Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kestenbaum, D Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kim, BJ Kim, HS Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knoblauch, D Koehn, P Kongeter, A Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kowald, W Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, M Lanzoni, M Latino, G LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, AJ Mazzanti, P McIntyre, P Melese, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Meschi, E Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Miyashita, S Moggi, N Moore, E Morita, Y Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Murgia, S Musy, M Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Reher, D Reischl, M Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Saab, T Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Sliwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strohmer, R Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Suzuki, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Tecchio, M Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Terashi, K Tether, S Theriot, D Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, E Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Ukegawa, F Valls, J van den Brink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vilar, R Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Waner, RL Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, MJ Warburton, A Watanabe, T Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S TI Measurement of the sigma(W+ >= 1 Jet)/sigma(W) cross section ratio from (p)over-bar-p collisions at root s=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CONSTANT ALPHA-S; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; PBARP COLLISIONS; HADRON COLLIDERS; EVENTS; PROTON; JETS AB The ratio of the W + greater than or equal to 1 jet cross section to the inclusive W cross section is measured using W (+/-) --> e(+/-)v events from (p) over bar p collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV. The data are from 108 pb(-1) of integrated luminosity collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Measurements of the cross section ratio for jet transverse energy thresholds (E-T(min)) ranging from 15 to 95 GeV are compared to theoretical predictions using next-to-leading-order QCD calculations. Data and theory agree well for E-T(min) > 25 GeV, where the predictions lie within 1 standard deviation of the measured values. C1 Nat Lab High Energy Phys KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Acad Sinica, Taipei 11530, Taiwan. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 315, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. RP Abe, F (reprint author), Nat Lab High Energy Phys KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. RI Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015 OI Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1367 EP 1372 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1367 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 110UC UT WOS:000075398100005 ER PT J AU Lidorikis, E Sigalas, MM Economou, EN Soukoulis, CM AF Lidorikis, E Sigalas, MM Economou, EN Soukoulis, CM TI Tight-binding parametrization for photonic band gap materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The idea of the linear combination of atomic orbitals method, well known from the study of electrons, is extended to the classical wave case. The Mie resonances of the isolated scatterer in the classical wave case are analogous to the atomic orbitals in the electronic case. The matrix elements of the two-dimensional tight-binding (TB) Hamiltonian are obtained by fitting to nb initio results. The transferability of the TB model is tested by reproducing accurately the band structure of different 2D lattices, with and without defects, and at two different dielectric contrasts. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Crete, FORTH, Res Ctr Crete, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Lidorikis, E (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Economou, Eleftherios /E-6374-2010; Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 12 TC 176 Z9 182 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1405 EP 1408 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1405 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 110UC UT WOS:000075398100014 ER PT J AU Rivera, M Vorobieff, P Ecke, RE AF Rivera, M Vorobieff, P Ecke, RE TI Turbulence in flowing soap films: Velocity, vorticity, and thickness fields SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report experimental measurements of the velocity, vorticity, and thickness fields of turbulent flowing soap films using a modified particle-image velocimetry technique. These data yield the turbulent energy and enstrophy of the two-dimensional flows with microscale Reynolds numbers of about 100 and demonstrate the effects of compressibility arising from variations in film thickness. Despite the compressibility of the flow, real-space correlations of velocity, vorticity, and enstrophy Aux are consistent with theoretical predictions for two-dimensional turbulence. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Rivera, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Thermal Phys Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Vorobieff, Peter/B-3376-2011; OI Ecke, Robert/0000-0001-7772-5876 NR 13 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1417 EP 1420 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1417 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 110UC UT WOS:000075398100017 ER PT J AU Young, PE Still, CH Hinkel, DE Kruer, WL Williams, EA Berger, RL Estabrook, KG AF Young, PE Still, CH Hinkel, DE Kruer, WL Williams, EA Berger, RL Estabrook, KG TI Observations of laser-beam bending due to transverse plasma flow SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHANNEL FORMATION; FILAMENTATION AB Interferometric measurements of laser-produced channels in performed plasmas show that in the presence of transverse plasma flow, the beam is deflected when the transverse flow velocity is near the sound speed. For a line focus with peak intensity of 1.5 X 10(15) W/cm(2), a beam deflection of 10 degrees is observed, which agrees well with the results of a three-dimensional hydrodynamics code. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Young, PE (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1425 EP 1428 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1425 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 110UC UT WOS:000075398100019 ER PT J AU Bell, RE Levinton, FM Batha, SH Synakowski, EJ Zarnstorff, MC AF Bell, RE Levinton, FM Batha, SH Synakowski, EJ Zarnstorff, MC TI Poloidal rotation in TFTR reversed shear plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC SHEAR; ELECTRIC-FIELD; H-MODE; TOKAMAK PLASMA; CONFINEMENT; TRANSITION; TRANSPORT; TURBULENCE AB A bifurcation in the core poloidal rotation of carbon impurity ions in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) has been observed prior to the transport bifurcation associated with enhanced reverse shear plasmas. In a narrow radial region of the plasma, the impurity ion poloidal rotation reverses direction. This poloidal flow is associated with the establishment of a large negative radial electric field with strong shear. The measured poloidal velocities before, during, and after this precursor differ from neoclassical predictions. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Fus Phys & Technol, Torrance, CA 90503 USA. Sci Res Lab, Somerville, MA 02144 USA. RP Bell, RE (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 23 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1429 EP 1432 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1429 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 110UC UT WOS:000075398100020 ER PT J AU Barvosa-Carter, W Aziz, MJ Gray, LJ Kaplan, T AF Barvosa-Carter, W Aziz, MJ Gray, LJ Kaplan, T TI Kinetically driven growth instability in stressed solids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; NONHYDROSTATIC STRESS; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; AMORPHOUS SI; TRANSITION; DEPENDENCE; ROUGHNESS; STABILITY; STRAIN AB We report a new stress-induced kinetically driven morphological instability for driven systems. The effect of stress on the interfacial mobility couples to stress variations along a perturbed planar growth front. Comparison of theory and experiment for solid phase epitaxy at a corrugated Si(001) interface, with no free parameters, indicates that the new mechanism is required to account for the observed growth of the corrugation amplitude. This mechanism operates in conjunction with known diffusional and elastic strain energy-driven instabilities in determining morphological evolution. C1 Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Barvosa-Carter, W (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6177, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 26 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1445 EP 1448 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1445 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 110UC UT WOS:000075398100024 ER PT J AU Wang, WK Simpson, WC Yarmoff, JA AF Wang, WK Simpson, WC Yarmoff, JA TI Passivation versus etching: Adsorption of I-2 on InAs(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 001 SURFACES; GAF3 FILMS; GAAS; GAAS(110); GROWTH; IODINE; CL-2; SPECTROSCOPY; DESORPTION; CHLORINE AB Halogen adsorption on certain III-V semiconductor surfaces forms ordered overlayers, while other surfaces etch. The microscopic mechanism underlying this behavior is investigated by comparing the adsorption of I-2 on In- and As-terminated InAs(001) surfaces. On the In-terminated surface, a well-ordered (1 x 1) structure forms and all of the iodine attaches to In. The As-terminated surface becomes disordered, however, and iodine attaches to both In and As. These observations can be explained by assuming that iodine initially bonds to In atoms, whether they are in the first or the second layer. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Pacific NW Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Yarmoff, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM yarmoff@ucr.edu NR 24 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1465 EP 1468 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1465 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 110UC UT WOS:000075398100029 ER PT J AU Mallozzi, R Orenstein, J Eckstein, JN Bozovic, I AF Mallozzi, R Orenstein, J Eckstein, JN Bozovic, I TI High-frequency electrodynamics of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta: Nonlinear response in the vortex state SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; DENSITY-OF-STATES; MAGNETIC-FIELD; THIN-FILMS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; DYNAMICS; DEPENDENCE; YBA2CU3O7 AB Coherent terahertz spectroscopy is used to measure the complex conductivity of thin films of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta in the vortex state as a function of frequency, temperature, and applied magnetic field. We report an unusual sublinear power law dependence of the high-frequency magnetoconductivity Delta sigma(H) = sigma(H) - sigma(0) on magnetic field. Over a broad range of field and temperature, Delta sigma(2) varies as H-alpha, with alpha approximate to 1/2. We present a model based on the nonlinear London electrodynamics predicted for a d-wave superconductor which quantitatively explains these results using only parameters obtained from zero-field measurements. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Varian Associates Inc, EL Ginzton Res Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Mallozzi, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Orenstein, Joseph/I-3451-2015 NR 24 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1485 EP 1488 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1485 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 110UC UT WOS:000075398100034 ER PT J AU Sacchi, M Hague, CF Pasquali, L Mirone, A Mariot, JM Isberg, P Gullikson, EM Underwood, JH AF Sacchi, M Hague, CF Pasquali, L Mirone, A Mariot, JM Isberg, P Gullikson, EM Underwood, JH TI Optical constants of ferromagnetic iron via 2p resonant magnetic scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; SPECTROSCOPY; NICKEL; EXCHANGE; EDGES AB We have determined the optical constants at the 2p edges of iron by measuring the Bragg scattering from a Fe/V superlattice using elliptically polarized photons whose energies were tuned across the Fe 2p resonances (700-730 eV). The analysis of the Bragg peak displacement as a function of photon energy and sample magnetization, together with standard absorption measurements, allowed to determine the complete dielectric tensor for Fe, including its off-diagonal terms. C1 Ctr Univ Paris Sud, Utilisat Rayonnement Electromagnet Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, Lab Chim Phys Mat & Rayonnement, UMR 7614, F-75231 Paris 05, France. Univ Modena, Dipartimento Fis, I-41100 Modena, Italy. INFM, Sez Modena, I-41100 Modena, Italy. Inst Opt Theor & Appl, URA 14, F-91439 Orsay, France. Univ Uppsala, Dept Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sacchi, M (reprint author), Ctr Univ Paris Sud, Utilisat Rayonnement Electromagnet Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. RI Pasquali, Luca/K-2866-2015 OI Pasquali, Luca/0000-0003-0399-7240 NR 27 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 7 BP 1521 EP 1524 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1521 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 110UC UT WOS:000075398100043 ER PT J AU Sandler, IM Canright, GS Zhang, ZY Gao, HJ Xue, ZQ Pang, SJ AF Sandler, IM Canright, GS Zhang, ZY Gao, HJ Xue, ZQ Pang, SJ TI Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in two-dimensional aggregation SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE 2D aggregation; pattern formation; chiral symmetry breaking ID PATTERN-FORMATION; THIN-FILMS; GROWTH; DIFFUSION; CRYSTALS; EPITAXY; BEAM AB We describe a two-dimensional growth model which exhibits a novel form of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking. The model is inspired by recent aggregation experiments giving quasi-two-dimensional "S"-shaped aggregates, and yields qualitatively similar growth patterns. We also report new growth experiments offering qualitative support for our model. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Lab Vacuum Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RP Canright, GS (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM geoffc@sapphire.phys.utk.edu NR 23 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD AUG 17 PY 1998 VL 245 IS 3-4 BP 233 EP 238 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(98)00424-1 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 112PH UT WOS:000075502700010 ER PT J AU Liu, CL Tolic, LP Hofstadler, SA Harms, AC Smith, RD Kang, CH Sinha, N AF Liu, CL Tolic, LP Hofstadler, SA Harms, AC Smith, RD Kang, CH Sinha, N TI Probing regA/RNA interactions using electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN; BINDING; COMPLEXES; DNA; ACCUMULATION; ASSOCIATIONS; RESOLUTION; SAMPLES AB The interactions of bacteriophage T4 regA protein, a unique translational regulator, with RNAs of various size and sequence were studied using electrospray ionization-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry. Using very gentle interface conditions, regA/RNA complexes with a 1:1 binding stoichiometry were observed for all four target RNAs studied, consistent with solution binding studies. Competitive binding of target RNAs and their degradation products with regA demonstrated that the loss of a single nucleotide resulted in a dramatic change in binding affinity in some cases. Competitive binding of regA with four target RNAs revealed similar relative binding affinity order to that suggested by previous in vitro repression experiments. The use of sustained off-resonance irradiation for collisionally induced dissociation of a regA/RNA complex suggested the potential for directly obtaining information regarding the regA binding domain. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Boston Biosyst Inc, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Mail Stop K8-98,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rd_smith@pnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 53558, GM 53651] NR 31 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 262 IS 1 BP 67 EP 76 DI 10.1006/abio.1998.2753 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 119VX UT WOS:000075919800009 PM 9735149 ER PT J AU Gilman, SD Gee, SJ Hammock, BD Vogel, JS Haack, K Buchholz, BA Freeman, SPHT Wester, RC Hui, XY Maibach, HI AF Gilman, SD Gee, SJ Hammock, BD Vogel, JS Haack, K Buchholz, BA Freeman, SPHT Wester, RC Hui, XY Maibach, HI TI Analytical performance of accelerator mass spectrometry and liquid scintillation counting for detection of C-14-labeled atrazine metabolites in human urine SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIVER-MICROSOMES; HUMAN EXPOSURE; AMS FACILITY; TERBUTHYLAZINE; TERBUTRYNE; AMETRYNE; RAT; DNA AB Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) has been applied to the detection; of C-14-labeled urinary metabolites of the triazine herbicide, atrazine, and the analytical performance of AMS has been directly compared to that of liquid scintillation counting(LSC). Ten human subjects were given a dermal dose of 14C-labeled atrazine over 24 h, and urine from the subjects was collected over a 7-day period, Concentrations of C-14 in the samples have been determined by AMS and LSC and range from 1.8 fmol/ml to 4.3 pmol/mL. Data from these two methods have a correlation coefficient of 0.998 for a linear plot of the entire sample set. Accelerator mass spectrometry provides superior concentration (2.2 vs 27 fmol/ml) and mass (5.5 vs 54000 amol) detection limits relative to those of LSC for these samples. The precision of the data provided by AMS for low-level samples is 1.7%, and the day-to-day reproducibility of the AMS measurements is 3.9%, Factors limiting AMS detection limits for these samples and ways in which these can be improved are examined. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Gilman, SD (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. RI Buchholz, Bruce/G-1356-2011; Freeman, Stewart/C-3290-2012; Gilman, Samuel/D-1635-2016 OI Freeman, Stewart/0000-0001-6148-3171; Gilman, Samuel/0000-0001-7208-3894 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES05697, P42 ES04699]; PHS HHS [P30 E505707] NR 34 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 16 BP 3463 EP 3469 DI 10.1021/ac971383v PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 111AF UT WOS:000075414600017 PM 9726169 ER PT J AU Jacobson, SC Culbertson, CT Daler, JE Ramsey, JM AF Jacobson, SC Culbertson, CT Daler, JE Ramsey, JM TI Microchip structures for submillisecond electrophoresis SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MICELLAR ELECTROKINETIC CHROMATOGRAPHY; SPEED CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; GLASS CHIPS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; POSTCOLUMN REACTOR; SAMPLE INJECTION; SILICON CHIP; SEPARATIONS; DEVICE; MINIATURIZATION AB Microchip electrophoresis was used to resolve a binary mixture in 0.8 ms using a separation field strength of 53 kV cm(-1) and a separation length of 200 mu m. The microchip design permitted an electric field strength of 6.1 V cm(-1) in the separation channel per volt applied to the microchip. Concurrently, the spatial extent of the injection plug and the detector observation region were minimized to increase separation efficiency. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jacobson, SC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 31 TC 276 Z9 280 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 16 BP 3476 EP 3480 DI 10.1021/ac980349t PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 111AF UT WOS:000075414600019 ER PT J AU Smulson, ME Pang, DL Jung, MR Dimtchev, A Chasovskikh, S Spoonde, A Simbulan-Rosenthal, C Rosenthal, D Yakovlev, A Dritschilo, A AF Smulson, ME Pang, DL Jung, MR Dimtchev, A Chasovskikh, S Spoonde, A Simbulan-Rosenthal, C Rosenthal, D Yakovlev, A Dritschilo, A TI Irreversible binding of poly(ADP)ribose polymerase cleavage product to DNA ends revealed by atomic force microscopy: Possible role in apoptosis SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; STRAND BREAKS; DAMAGED DNA; REPAIR; EXPRESSION; CELLS; DOMAIN; DIFFERENTIATION; REQUIREMENT; PROTEINASE AB During apoptosis, DNA undergoes fragmentation and caspase-3 cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) into both a 24-kDa fragment containing the DNA binding domain and an 89-kDa fragment containing the catalytic and automodification domains. Atomic force microscopy revealed that recombinant full-length PARP bound to plasmid DNA fragments and linked them into chainlike structures. Automodification of PARP in the presence of NAD(+) resulted in its dissociation from the DNA fragments, which, nevertheless, remained physically aligned. A recombinant 28-kDa fragment of PARP containing the DNA binding domain but lacking the automodification domain irreversibly bound to and linked DNA fragments in the absence or presence of NAD(+). Identical results were obtained on incubation of internucleosomal DNA fragments from apoptotic cells with the products of cleavage of recombinant PARP by purified caspase-3. The 24-kDa product of PARP cleavage by caspase-3 may contribute to the irreversibility of apoptosis by blocking the access of DNA repair enzymes to DNA strand breaks. C1 Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Div Radiat Res, Dept Radiat Med, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Georgetown Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dritschilo, A (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Div Radiat Res, Dept Radiat Med, TRB E202A-B,3970 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007 USA. EM dritscha@gunet.georgetown FU NCI NIH HHS [CA45408, CA25344, CA74175] NR 34 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 16 BP 3495 EP 3498 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 112EU UT WOS:000075481800003 PM 9721847 ER PT J AU Chen, LC Manjeshwar, S Lu, Y Moore, D Ljung, BM Kuo, WL Dairkee, SH Wernick, M Collins, C Smith, HS AF Chen, LC Manjeshwar, S Lu, Y Moore, D Ljung, BM Kuo, WL Dairkee, SH Wernick, M Collins, C Smith, HS TI The human homologue for the Caenorhabditis elegans cul-4 gene is amplified and overexpressed in primary breast cancers SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION; HOMOGENEOUSLY STAINING REGIONS; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; DIFFERENTIAL DISPLAY; MESSENGER-RNAS; DNA-SEQUENCES; AMPLIFICATION; FAMILY; CARCINOMAS; CLONING AB Amplification is a key mechanism whereby a cancer cell increases the message level of genes that confer a selective advantage when they are overexpressed. In breast cancer, there are many chromosome regions present in multiple copies relative to overall DNA copy number (amplicons), and their target genes are unknown. Using differential display, we have cloned and sequenced the full coding region of a candidate amplicon target gene located on chromosome 13, This candidate iri the human homologue of the Caenorhabditis elegans cul-4 gene, cul-4A, a member of the novel cullin gene family, which is involved in cell cycle control of C. elegans, cul-4A was amplified and overexpressed in 3 of 14 breast cancer cell lines analyzed, and it was overexpressed in 8 additional cell lines in which it was not amplified. The latter observation, indicating that its overexpression can occur by mechanisms other than gene amplification, suggests that cul-4A plays a key role in carcinogenesis. Moreover, cul-4A was found to be amplified in 17 of 105 (16%) cases of untreated primary breast cancers, and 14 of 30 cases analyzed (47%) were shown by RNA in situ hybridization to overexpress cul-4A. These results suggest that upregulation of cul-4A may play an important role in tumor progression. C1 Calif Pacific Med Ctr, Geraldine Brush Canc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Canc Genet, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, LC (reprint author), Calif Pacific Med Ctr, Geraldine Brush Canc Res Inst, 2330 Clay St,Room 100, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. RI Dairkee, Shanaz/D-6743-2012 FU NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA44768] NR 32 TC 110 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 16 BP 3677 EP 3683 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 112EU UT WOS:000075481800034 PM 9721878 ER PT J AU Limoli, CL Hartmann, A Shephard, L Yang, CR Boothman, DA Bartholomew, J Morgan, WF AF Limoli, CL Hartmann, A Shephard, L Yang, CR Boothman, DA Bartholomew, J Morgan, WF TI Apoptosis, reproductive failure, and oxidative stress in Chinese hamster ovary cells with compromised genomic integrity SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IONIZING-RADIATION; CHROMOSOMAL INSTABILITY; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; REACTIVE OXYGEN; DNA-DAMAGE; WILD-TYPE; P53; ACTIVATION; CANCER; GROWTH AB Chromosomal instability and persistent reproductive cell death show a significant correlation after cells are exposed to ionizing radiation. To examine the possible role of apoptosis in persistent reproductive cell death, we analyzed subsets of chromosomally stable and unstable clones for relationships between chromosome stability, reproductive integrity, and apoptosis. All clones were generated from the GM10115 cell line and derived from single progenitor cells surviving 10 Gy of X-rays, and all measurements were made similar to 60-80 generations after irradiation. The incidence of apoptosis, as measured by both annexin V binding of phosphatidylserine residues and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase labeling of DNA strand breaks, was significantly higher in chromosomally unstable clones than it was in chromosomally stable clones (P < 0.05; ANOVA and Student's t test). Furthermore, statistical analyses of the biological end points of persistent reproductive cell death and apoptosis were consistent, showing R-2 values of 0.78 and 0.76, respectively. These results suggest that persistent reproductive cell death can, in Dart, be explained by the predisposition of a fraction of the clonal population to undergo apoptosis or necrosis. Immunological blot analyses of protein Levels and DNA bandshift assays confirmed the mutant status of p53 in the host cell line, implying an apoptotic pathway that is independent of p53. Induction of apoptosis by agents such as actinomycin D, etoposide, and staurosporine and induction of necrosis by sodium azide were accompanied by an increase in the level of intracellular peroxy radicals and lipid peroxidation products, two independent end points that are typically associated with oxidative stress, Similar findings were observed in several subclones showing persistent apoptosis. These results suggest that the elevated levels of free radical damage that we detected mere derived from the fraction of cells dying by apoptotic or necrotic processes. possible mechanisms whereby oxidative stress mag contribute indirectly to the perpetuation of chromosomal instability are discussed. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Struct Biol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Human Oncol, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Ctr Comprehens Canc, Madison, WI 53792 USA. RP Limoli, CL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol, LREH 314, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA083196, CA67995-02]; NIEHS NIH HHS [5T32 ES07106]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 54189] NR 38 TC 129 Z9 139 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 16 BP 3712 EP 3718 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 112EU UT WOS:000075481800039 PM 9721883 ER PT J AU Her, C Doggett, NA AF Her, C Doggett, NA TI Cloning, structural characterization, and chromosomal localization of the human orthologue of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH5 gene SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID MISMATCH REPAIR; CPG ISLANDS; MUTS HOMOLOGS; MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY; EXPRESSION; CANCER; MUTATIONS; PROTEINS; COLON; YEAST AB We have cloned and characterized the human orthologue of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae MutS homologue 5 (MSH5) cDNA, as well as the human gene that encodes the MSH5 cDNA, as a step toward understanding the molecular genetic mechanisms involved in the biological function of this novel human protein. The identified cDNA contains a 2505-bp opera reading frame (ORF) that encodes an 834-amino-acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 92.9 kDa. The amino acid sequence encoded by this cDNA includes sequence motifs that are conserved in all known MutS homologues existing in bacteria to humans. The cDNA appears, on the basis of amino acid sequence analysis, to be a member of the MutS family and shares 30% sequence identity with that of S. cerevisiae MSR5, a yeast gene that plays a critical role in facilitating crossover during meiosis. Northern blot analysis demonstrated the presence of a 2.9-kb human MSH5 mRNA species in all human tissues tested, but the highest expression was in human testis, an organ containing cells that undergo constant DNA synthesis and meiosis. The expression pattern of human MSH5 resembled that of the previously identified human MutS homologues MSH2, MSH3, and MSH6-genes that are involved in the pathogenesis of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). In an effort to expedite the search for potential disease association with this new human MutS homologue, we have also determined the chromosomal location and structure of the human MSH5 Focus. Sequence and structural characterization demonstrated that MSH5 spans approximately 25 kb and contains 26 exons that range in length from 36 bp for exon 8 to 254 bp for exon 25. MSH5 has been mapped to human chromosome band 6p21.3 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Knowledge of the sequence and gene structure of MSH5 will now enable studies of the possible roles MSH5 may play in meiosis and/or DNA replicative mismatch repair. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Her, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM her@telomere.lanl.gov NR 44 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 52 IS 1 BP 50 EP 61 DI 10.1006/geno.1998.5374 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 121TX UT WOS:000076031000007 PM 9740671 ER PT J AU Funderburgh, JL Perchellet, AL Swiergiel, P Conrad, GW Justice, MJ AF Funderburgh, JL Perchellet, AL Swiergiel, P Conrad, GW Justice, MJ TI Keratocan (Kera), a corneal keratan sulfate proteoglycan, maps to the distal end of mouse chromosome 10 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID CLONING C1 Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Mammalian Genet Sect, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Funderburgh, JL (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Ackert Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [EY09368, EY00952] NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 52 IS 1 BP 110 EP 111 DI 10.1006/geno.1998.5355 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 121TX UT WOS:000076031000015 PM 10348636 ER PT J AU McGraw, R Weber, RJ AF McGraw, R Weber, RJ TI Hydrates in binary sulfuric acid-water vapor: Comparison of CIMS measurements with the liquid-drop model SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HOMOGENEOUS NUCLEATION; REEXAMINATION AB We report calculations of the distribution of sulfuric acid-water hydrates under atmospheric conditions using the liquid-drop hydrate model. The model-computed total acid concentrations (free acid plus hydrated acid) are compared with chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS) measurements of total sulfuric acid vapor over solutions of varying concentration [Marti et al., 1997] Results from this first direct comparison with experimental measurement suggest that the liquid-drop model overestimates the extent of hydrate formation. We explore the consequences of this overestimation on binary sulfuric acid-water nucleation rates, and on higher-order multicomponent nucleation rates involving these and additional trace species in the atmosphere. In particular, it is found that overestimation of hydrate formation by the model can result in substantial underprediction of sulfuric acid-water nucleation rates. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Environm Chem Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McGraw, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Environm Chem Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 16 BP 3143 EP 3146 DI 10.1029/98GL02150 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 111WT UT WOS:000075462000023 ER PT J AU Dohrmann, CR Key, SW Heinstein, MW Jung, J AF Dohrmann, CR Key, SW Heinstein, MW Jung, J TI A least-squares approach for uniform strain triangular and tetrahedral finite elements SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE finite elements; least squares; uniform strain; hourglass control AB A least-squares approach is presented for implementing uniform strain triangular and tetrahedral finite elements. The basis for the method is a weighted least-squares formulation in which a linear displacement field is fit to an element's nodal displacements. By including a greater number of nodes on the element boundary than is required to define the linear displacement field, it is possible to eliminate volumetric locking common to fully integrated lower-order elements. Such results can also be obtained using selective or reduced integration schemes, but the present approach is fundamentally different from those. The method is computationally efficient and can be used to distribute surface loads on an element edge or face in a continuously varying manner between vertex, mid-edge and mid-face nodes. Example problems in two- and three-dimensional linear elasticity are presented. Element types considered in the examples include a six-node triangle, eight-node tetrahedron, and ten-node tetrahedron. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Struct Dynam Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dohrmann, CR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Struct Dynam Dept, MS 0439,POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 42 IS 7 BP 1181 EP 1197 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0207(19980815)42:7<1181::AID-NME402>3.0.CO;2-P PG 17 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 103LX UT WOS:000075158400002 ER PT J AU Sankey, OF Demkov, AA Windl, W Fritsch, JH Lewis, JP Fuentes-Cabrera, M AF Sankey, OF Demkov, AA Windl, W Fritsch, JH Lewis, JP Fuentes-Cabrera, M TI The application of approximate density functionals to complex systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Density Functional Theory and Applications CY JUN 03-07, 1997 CL DUKE UNIV, DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA SP US Natl Sci Fdn, Corning Inc, Petr Res Fund, Amer Chem Soc, Univ N Carolina, NIH Computat Struct Biol Resource, NYU, Duke Univ, Off Vice Provost Acad & Int Affairs, Duke Univ, Dept Chem HO DUKE UNIV ID BINDING MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; EXTREMAL PROPERTIES; BEAM EPITAXY; HARRIS; ENERGY; SI1-X-YGEXCY; SURFACE; GROWTH; ALLOYS AB The application of density functional theory to complex systems requires simplifications. We describe our methodology, which uses the Harris functional, and its self-consistent generalization to ionic systems as well as its extension to hydrogen-bonded systems. We give brief examples of the application of the theory to semiconductor alloys, large biological molecules, stable ionic GaN (AlN) (0001) surfaces, and the electronic states of Ge clathrates. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Motorola Inc, Mesa, AZ 85202 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ La Laguna, Fac Fis, Dept Fis Fundamental & Expt, E-38204 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. RP Sankey, OF (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RI Windl, Wolfgang/C-7255-2012; Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel/Q-2437-2015 OI Windl, Wolfgang/0000-0001-5892-0684; Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel/0000-0001-7912-7079 NR 49 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 69 IS 3 BP 327 EP 340 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-461X(1998)69:3<327::AID-QUA11>3.0.CO;2-# PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 104GR UT WOS:000075006800010 ER PT J AU Delin, A Ravindran, P Eriksson, O Wills, JM AF Delin, A Ravindran, P Eriksson, O Wills, JM TI Full-potential optical calculations of lead chalcogenides SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Density Functional Theory and Applications CY JUN 03-07, 1997 CL DUKE UNIV, DURHAM, NC SP US Natl Sci Fdn, Corning Inc, Petr Res Fund, Amer Chem Soc, Univ N Carolina, NIH Computat Struct Biol Resource, NYU, Duke Univ, Off Vice Provost Acad & Int Affairs, Duke Univ, Dept Chem HO DUKE UNIV DE density functional theory; full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital method; optical properties; lead salts ID BRILLOUIN-ZONE; SPECIAL POINTS; PBTE; PBSE; BAND AB We report on ab initio calculations of the optical properties of the lead chalcogenides PbS, PbSe, and PbTe performed with a relativistic full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital method within the local density approximation. Our calculated spectra are in excellent agreement with recent ellipsometry measurements. The origin of the peaks in the spectra is discussed: as well as the effects of increasing the chalcogen atomic number. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. RI Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014; Delin, Anna/P-2100-2014 OI Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374; Delin, Anna/0000-0001-7788-6127 NR 39 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0020-7608 EI 1097-461X J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 69 IS 3 BP 349 EP 358 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-461X(1998)69:3<349::AID-QUA13>3.0.CO;2-Y PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 104GR UT WOS:000075006800012 ER PT J AU Morgado, MG Guimares, ML Gripp, CBG Costa, CI Neves, I Veloso, VG Linhares-Carvalho, MI Castello-Branco, LR Bastos, FI Kuiken, C Castilho, EA Galvao-Castro, B Bongertz, V AF Morgado, MG Guimares, ML Gripp, CBG Costa, CI Neves, I Veloso, VG Linhares-Carvalho, MI Castello-Branco, LR Bastos, FI Kuiken, C Castilho, EA Galvao-Castro, B Bongertz, V CA Evandro Chagas Hosp AIDS Clinical Res Grp TI Molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in Brazil: High prevalence of HIV-1 subtype B and identification of an HIV-1 subtype D infection in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV-1 subtypes in Brazil; heteroduplex mobility assay; HIV-1 subtype D infection ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; HETERODUPLEX MOBILITY ASSAY; INJECTING DRUG-USERS; ENVELOPE GENES; V3 REGION; THAILAND; STRAINS; POLYMORPHISM; TRANSMISSION; BANGKOK AB HIV-1-positive individuals were recruited from January 1993 to December 1996 from several cohorts receiving follow-up in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to evaluate HIV-1 genetic variability and the potential association with modes of transmission. HIV-1 subtyping was carried out using the heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA), and those samples corresponding to the typical Brazilian subtype B variant were further identified based on the Fok I restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). DNA sequencing was performed to evaluate one case of subtype D infection. From the 131 HIV-1-positive individuals analyzed, 106 (80.9%) could be identified as infected by subtype B and 20 (15.3%) by subtype F. One of the samples (0.8%) was classified as subtype D. DNA samples from 4 patients (3.0%) did not yield polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified products to be typed. Based on the Fok I RFLP, 39 of the 106 subtype B samples (37%) were identified as corresponding to the typical Brazilian subtype B variant containing the GWGR motif at the tip of the V3 loop. No statistically significant association could be detected between HIV-1 subtypes and modes of transmission, exposure categories, or gender. This is the first reported case of HIV-1 subtype D infection in Brazil. C1 FIOCRUZ, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Dept Immunol, Lab AIDS & Mol Immunol, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. FIOCRUZ, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Evandro Chagas Hosp, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. FIOCRUZ, Dept Hlth Informat, CICT, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. FIOCRUZ, CICT, Banco Previdencia Outpatient Clin, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Brazilian Minist Hlth, Natl Coordinat STD AIDS, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. FIOCRUZ, Goncalo Moniz Res Ctr, Adv Publ Hlth Lab, Bahia Blanca, Argentina. RP Morgado, MG (reprint author), FIOCRUZ, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Dept Immunol, Lab AIDS & Mol Immunol, Av Brasil 4365, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM morgado@gene.dbbm.fiocruz.br RI Goncalves Veloso, Valdilea/J-6189-2012; CASTILHO, EUCLIDES/K-7906-2016 NR 34 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 18 IS 5 BP 488 EP 494 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 113VX UT WOS:000075575500011 PM 9715846 ER PT J AU Johnson, MD Caturla, MJ de la Rubia, TD AF Johnson, MD Caturla, MJ de la Rubia, TD TI A kinetic Monte-Carlo study of the effective diffusivity of the silicon self-interstitial in the presence of carbon and boron SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION-ENHANCED DIFFUSION; B-DOPING-SUPERLATTICES; POINT-DEFECTS; GOLD DIFFUSION; SI; LAYERS AB The effect of carbon on self-interstitial diffusion in Si is studied by means of a kinetic Monte-Carlo simulation. It is found that modest levels of carbon (greater than or similar to 10(17) cm(-3)) significantly reduce the effective interstitial diffusivity. From fitting self-interstitial profiles, migration energies and prefactors of the effective diffusivity have been determined for a variety of background carbon levels. In addition, we re-examine recent experiments performed in samples with significant levels of carbon, which attempt to measure the effective diffusivity by monitoring the spreading of boron marker layers. We show that the presence of boron in delta-doped markers significantly alters the measured self-interstitial diffusivity. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(98)07912-2]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Johnson, MD (reprint author), Avant Corp, 46871 Bayside Pkwy, Freemont, CA 94538 USA. RI Caturla, Maria /D-6241-2012 OI Caturla, Maria /0000-0002-4809-6553 NR 34 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 4 BP 1963 EP 1967 DI 10.1063/1.368328 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GL UT WOS:000075257700032 ER PT J AU Zhou, D Gruen, DM Qin, LC McCauley, TG Krauss, AR AF Zhou, D Gruen, DM Qin, LC McCauley, TG Krauss, AR TI Control of diamond film microstructure by Ar additions to CH4/H-2 microwave plasmas SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GROWTH; HYDROGEN; OXYGEN; ARGON; NUCLEATION; NITROGEN; SILICON AB The transition from microcrystalline to nanocrystalline diamond films grown from Ar/H-2/CH4 microwave plasmas has been investigated. Both the cross-section and plan-view micrographs of scanning electron microscopy reveal that the surface morphology, the grain size, and the growth mechanism of the diamond films depend strongly on the ratio of Ar to H-2 in the reactant gases. Microcrystalline grain size and columnar growth have been observed from films produced from Ar/H-2/CH4 microwave discharges with low concentrations of Ar in the reactant gases. By contrast, the films grown from Ar/H-2/CH4 microwave plasmas with a high concentration of Ar in the reactant gases consist of phase pure nanocrystalline diamond, which has been characterized by transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and electron energy loss spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy reveal that the width of the diffraction peaks and the Raman bands of the as-grown films depends on the ratio of Ar to H-2 in the plasmas and are attributed to the transition from micron to nanometer size crystallites. It has been demonstrated that the microstructure of diamond films deposited from Ar/H-2/CH4 plasmas can be controlled by varying the ratio of Ar to H-2 in the reactant gas. The transition becomes pronounced at an Ar/H-2 volume ratio of 4, and the microcrystalline diamond films are totally transformed to nanocrystalline diamond at an Ar/H-2 volume ratio of 9. The transition in microstructure is presumably due to a change in growth mechanism from CH3 in high hydrogen content to C-2 as a growth species in low hydrogen content plasmas. [30021-8979(98)07316-2]. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhou, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dzhou@pegasus.cc.ucf.edu; gruen@anichm.chm.anl.gov NR 38 TC 237 Z9 245 U1 3 U2 42 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 4 BP 1981 EP 1989 DI 10.1063/1.368331 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GL UT WOS:000075257700036 ER PT J AU Yu, PY Choi, IH Eom, SH AF Yu, PY Choi, IH Eom, SH TI Response to "Comment on 'Dispersion of birefringence in AgGaS2 and CuGaS2'" [J. Appl. Phys. 84, 2364 (1998)] SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB In a comment preceding this response [J. Appl. Phys. 84, 2364 (1998)], Bhar noted that the expression we proposed to explain the dispersion of birefringence in AgGaS2 and CuGaS2 near their band gaps did not fit the long wavelength dispersion as well as the Sellmeier equation approach. We point out that our model can be improved to fit the long wavelength dispersion provided we can include contributions to the birefringence from the higher energy transitions. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(98)03216-2]. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Chung Ang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 156756, South Korea. RP Yu, PY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 4 BP 2365 EP 2365 DI 10.1063/1.368505 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GL UT WOS:000075257700099 ER PT J AU Savargaonkar, N Narayan, RL Pruski, M Uner, DO King, TS AF Savargaonkar, N Narayan, RL Pruski, M Uner, DO King, TS TI Structure sensitive hydrogen adsorption: Effect of Ag on Ru/SiO2 catalysts SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS; ADSORBED HYDROGEN; CHEMISORPTION; SURFACES; NMR; DESORPTION; SINGLE; ALLOYS AB The dynamics and energetics of hydrogen chemisorption on silica-supported ruthenium and ruthenium-silver bimetallic catalysts were studied by H-1 NMR spectroscopy and microcalorimetry. It was observed that the amount of hydrogen adsorbed on Ru particles having intermediate and low heats of adsorption was significantly reduced with increasing amounts of silver. The desorption and adsorption rate constants, determined from selective excitation NMR experiments, were lower on Ru-Ag catalysts than those on Ru catalysts at the same temperature and hydrogen coverage. The apparent sticking coefficients of hydrogen on a Ru-Ag catalyst with 10 at% Ag were more than 10 times lower than those on a Ru catalyst and were comparable to sticking coefficients reported in the literature for hydrogen adsorbing on Ru single crystal. Thus silver was found to greatly affect both the dynamics and energetics of hydrogen chemisorption on Ru/SiO2. However, ensemble and electronic effects did not play any role in causing these effects. It is postulated here that the influence of silver was due to its tendency to selectively segregate to edge, corner, and other low coordination structures on the Ru particle surface. Hence, hydrogen adsorption on these surfaces was found to be structure sensitive. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Dept Chem Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Savargaonkar, N (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Dept Chem Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Uner, Deniz/P-5819-2015 OI Uner, Deniz/0000-0001-8585-3691 NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 178 IS 1 BP 26 EP 33 DI 10.1006/jcat.1998.2115 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 112RZ UT WOS:000075509100003 ER PT J AU Fujikawa, T Ribeiro, FH Somorjai, GA AF Fujikawa, T Ribeiro, FH Somorjai, GA TI The effect of Sn on the reactions of n-hexane and cyclohexane over polycrystalline Pt foils SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID BIMETALLIC PT-SN/AL2O3 CATALYSTS; TIN REFORMING CATALYSTS; SN/PT(111) SURFACE ALLOYS; ENSEMBLE SIZE-REDUCTION; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; CO ADSORPTION; HYDROCARBON REACTIONS; ALUMINA CATALYSTS; PTSN CATALYSTS; PLATINUM AB The modification of the catalytic properties of a polycrystalline platinum foil by the addition of tin was studied by the reactions of n-hexane and cyclohexane in excess H-2. The reactions were studied at 13.3 kPa of n-hexane, 450 kPa of H-2 and 740 K, and 6.7 kPa of cyclohexane, 450 kPa of H-2 and 573 K. The Pt-Sn catalyst was characterized by Auger electron spectroscopy and by temperature-programmed desorption of CO before and after the reactions. The sites that bind CO most strongly on the Pt foil also have the highest initial turnover rate and are the first ones to be poisoned by carbon deposits from hydrocarbon reactions or by sulfur when a sulfur-containing compound (thiophene) is present in the feed. The addition of tin can block these sites preferentially, thus decreasing the undesirable high initial hydrogenolysis rate of platinum catalysts in reforming reactions and eliminating the need for presulfiding the catalyst. Also, tin suppressed the hydrogenolysis reaction preferentially to the isomerization and cyclization reactions thus increasing the selectivities to isomerization and cyclization. The amount of carbon deposited was smaller on tin containing platinum catalysts during the dehydrogenation of cyclohexane and n-hexane, (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Adv Mat, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cosmo Res Inst, Ctr Res & Dev, Satte, Saitama 3400193, Japan. RP Ribeiro, FH (reprint author), Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Chem Engn, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. OI Ribeiro, Fabio/0000-0001-7752-461X NR 60 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 178 IS 1 BP 58 EP 65 DI 10.1006/jcat.1998.2118 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 112RZ UT WOS:000075509100006 ER PT J AU Park, YK Ribeiro, FH Somorjai, GA AF Park, YK Ribeiro, FH Somorjai, GA TI The effect of potassium and tin on the hydrogenation of ethylene and dehydrogenation of cyclohexane over Pt(111) SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Pt(111); CO TPD on Pt(111)/Sn/K; hydrogenation of ethylene on Pt(111)/Sn/K; dehydrogenation of cyclohexane on Pt(111)/Sn/K ID SN/PT(111) SURFACE ALLOYS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ISOBUTANE DEHYDROGENATION; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; PT/SN CATALYSTS; COADSORPTION; ADSORPTION; PLATINUM; HYDROGENOLYSIS AB Stable ordered structures of Sn on Pt(111) (maximum coverage of 0.33 monolayers) were used as model catalysts to test the effect of tin and potassium on the hydrogenation of ethylene at 300 K and dehydrogenation of cyclohexane at 573 It and at pressures of 15 Torr of hydrocarbon and 100 Torr of H-2. Co-adsorption of tin and potassium on Pt(111) resulted in the direct interaction between potassium, tin, and platinum as verified by temperature-programmed desorption of CO. Tin deposition yielded a maximum in the turnover rate as a function of Sn coverage for ethylene hydrogenation and cyclohexane dehydrogenation with maxima at about 0.2 monolayers of tin and a turnover rate 75% higher than on clean Pt(111), This enhancement was explained by a lower rate of deactivation as tin was added. In contrast, the addition of potassium to Pt and Pt/Sn produced only a monotonic decrease in cyclohexane dehydrogenation. In an industrial system, where a higher tin coverage is used, interaction of tin with potassium may form an effective site blocker which could lower deactivation rates. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ribeiro, FH (reprint author), Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Chem Engn, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. OI Ribeiro, Fabio/0000-0001-7752-461X NR 40 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 178 IS 1 BP 66 EP 75 DI 10.1006/jcat.1998.2122 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 112RZ UT WOS:000075509100007 ER PT J AU Fisher, IA Bell, AT AF Fisher, IA Bell, AT TI In situ infrared study of methanol synthesis from H-2/CO over Cu/SiO2 and Cu/ZrO2/SiO2 SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID SUPPORTED COPPER-CATALYSTS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; AEROGEL CATALYSTS; ZIRCONIUM DIOXIDE; CO2 HYDROGENATION; SYNTHESIS MECHANISM; CU-ZRO2 CATALYSTS; ZINC-OXIDE; ADSORPTION; SURFACE AB The interactions of CO and H-2/CO with Cu/SiO2, ZrO2/SiO2, and Cu/ZrO2/SiO2 have been investigated by in situ infrared spectroscopy with the aim of understanding the nature of the species involved in methanol synthesis and the dynamics of the formation and consumption of these species. In the case of Cu/SiO2, carbonate species adsorbed on Cu and methoxide species adsorbed on Cu and silica are observed at 523 K, H-2/CO = 3, and a total pressure of 0.65 MPa. When ZrO2/SiO2 or Cu/ZrO2/SiO2 is exposed to H-2/CO, the majority of the species observed are associated with ZrO2. CO adsorption on either ZrO2/SiO2 or Cu/ZrO2/SiO2 results in the formation of carboxylate, bicarbonate, and formate species on zirconia. In the presence of H-2, formate species are hydrogenated to methoxide species adsorbed on ZrO2. The presence of Cu greatly accelerates the rate of formate hydrogenation to methoxide species, a process in which methylenebisoxy species are observed as intermediates. Cu also significantly promotes the reductive elimination of methoxide species as methanol. Thus, methanol synthesis over Cu/ZrO2/SiO2 is envisioned to occur on ZrO2, with the primary role of Cu being the dissociative adsorption of H-2. The spillover of atomic H onto ZrO2 provides the source of hydrogen needed to hydrogenate the carbon-containing species. Spillover of absorbed CO from Cu to zirconia facilitates formate formation on zirconia at lower temperatures than in the absence of Cu. The reductive elimination of methoxide species appears to be the slow step in methanol formation by CO hydrogenation. The lower rate of methanol synthesis over Cu/ZrO2/SiO2 from CO as compared to CO2 hydrogenation is attributed to the lack of water formation in the former reaction, preventing facile release of methoxide by hydrolysis. The enhanced rate of methanol synthesis from CO over Cu/ZrO2/SiO2 as compared to Cu/SiO2 is attributed to the lower energy-barrier (formate) pathway available on Cu/ZrO2/SiO2. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bell, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 52 TC 109 Z9 112 U1 1 U2 70 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 178 IS 1 BP 153 EP 173 DI 10.1006/jcat.1998.2134 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 112RZ UT WOS:000075509100016 ER PT J AU Harris, RA Salsbury, FR AF Harris, RA Salsbury, FR TI The exchange energy functional in a weak magnetic field SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-GAS; DENSITY; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB A density functional theory for the Kohn-Sham exchange energy of a bounded, closed shell system in a weak, uniform, magnetic field is presented. The form obtained vanishes when the electron density is radial and, unlike the unscreened exchange energy of a locally uniform electron gas, does not diverge due to the Coulomb interaction. The role of the exchange-correlation functional in the context of magnetic response theory is also examined. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Harris, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Salsbury, Freddie/A-5923-2008 NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 7 BP 2609 EP 2613 DI 10.1063/1.476874 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 108MY UT WOS:000075271100005 ER PT J AU Skokov, S Peterson, KA Bowman, JM AF Skokov, S Peterson, KA Bowman, JM TI An accurate ab initio HOCl potential energy surface, vibrational and rotational calculations, and comparison with experiment SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; ANHARMONIC-FORCE FIELD; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; HYPOCHLOROUS ACID; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; BENCHMARK CALCULATIONS; EQUILIBRIUM STRUCTURE; ABINITIO CALCULATION; O(D-1)+HCL REACTION AB Accurate ab initio multireference configuration interaction (CI) calculations with large correlation-consistent basis sets are performed for HOCl. After extrapolation to the complete basis set limit, the ab initio data are precisely fit to give a semiglobal three-dimensional potential energy surface to describe HOCl-->Cl+OH from high overtone excitation of the OH-stretch. The average absolute deviation between the ab initio and fitted energies is 4.2 cm(-1) for energies up to 60 kcal/mol relative to the HOCl minimum. Vibrational energies of HOCl including the six overtones of the OH-stretch are computed using a vibrational-Cl method on the fitted potential and also on a slightly adjusted potential. Near-spectroscopic accuracy is obtained using the adjusted potential; the average absolute deviation between theory and experiment for 19 experimentally reported states is 4.8 cm(-1). Very good agreement with experiment is also obtained for numerous rotational energies for the ground vibrational state, the ClO-stretch fundamental, and the fifth overtone of the OH-stretch. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Emory Univ, Cherry L Emerson Ctr Sci Computat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bowman, JM (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Chem, 1515 Pierce Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM bowman@euch3g.chem.emory.edu NR 61 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 7 BP 2662 EP 2671 DI 10.1063/1.476865 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 108MY UT WOS:000075271100012 ER PT J AU Hummer, G Gronbech-Jensen, N Neumann, M AF Hummer, G Gronbech-Jensen, N Neumann, M TI Pressure calculation in polar and charged systems using Ewald summation: Results for the extended simple point charge model of water SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; PERIODIC BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; PARTICLE MESH EWALD; PAIR POTENTIALS; SUMS; TENSOR AB Ewald summation and physically equivalent methods such as particle-mesh Ewald, kubic-harmonic expansions, or Lekner sums are commonly used to calculate long-range electrostatic interactions in computer simulations of polar and charged substances. The calculation of pressures in such systems is investigated. We find that the virial and thermodynamic pressures differ because of the explicit volume dependence of the effective, resummed Ewald potential. The thermodynamic pressure, obtained from the volume derivative of the Helmholtz free energy, can be expressed easily for both ionic and rigid molecular systems. For. a system of rigid molecules, the electrostatic energy and the forces at the atom positions are required, both of which are readily available in molecular dynamics codes. We then calculate the virial and thermodynamic pressures for the extended simple point charge (SPC/E) water model at standard conditions. We find that the thermodynamic pressure exhibits considerably less system size dependence than the virial pressure. From an analysis of the cross correlation between the virial and thermodynamic pressure, we conclude that the thermodynamic pressure should be used to drive volume fluctuations in constant-pressure simulations. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Vienna, Inst Expt Phys, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. RP Hummer, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Hummer, Gerhard/A-2546-2013 OI Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X NR 30 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 7 BP 2791 EP 2797 DI 10.1063/1.476834 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 108MY UT WOS:000075271100025 ER PT J AU Hsueh, CH AF Hsueh, CH TI Elastic strain energy change during matrix cracking in unidirectional, fiber-reinforced ceramic composites SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FRICTIONAL BRIDGING FIBERS; MECHANICS; STRESSES; GLASS C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hsueh, CH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0261-8028 J9 J MATER SCI LETT JI J. Mater. Sci. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 17 IS 16 BP 1421 EP 1425 DI 10.1023/A:1026461404966 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 183GK UT WOS:000079545700022 ER PT J AU Campbell, GH Foiles, SM Huang, HC Hughes, DA King, WE Lassila, DH Nikkel, DJ de la Rubia, TD Shu, JY Smyshlyaev, VP AF Campbell, GH Foiles, SM Huang, HC Hughes, DA King, WE Lassila, DH Nikkel, DJ de la Rubia, TD Shu, JY Smyshlyaev, VP TI Multi-scale modeling of polycrystal plasticity: a workshop report SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Review DE mechanics; plasticity; multi-scale modeling; dislocation dynamics ID ORIENTATION IMAGING MICROSCOPY; HIGH-STRAIN-RATE; NONLINEARLY VISCOUS COMPOSITES; LOW-SYMMETRY CRYSTALS; TRIPLE JUNCTIONS; CONSTITUTIVE RESPONSE; DISLOCATION DYNAMICS; TRANSITION-METALS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS AB The workshop on multi-scale modeling of polycrystal plasticity was held on April 9-11, 1997 at the Institute for Mechanics and Materials at the University of California, San Diego in La Jolla, CA. This workshop addressed length-scale issues associated with developing a predictive capability in the modeling of the plastic deformation of polycrystals by the incorporation of more physically based information in the models. The goals of the workshop were to: (1) establish a model system that is well suited to the multi-scale modeling methodology; (2) explore a set of discrete simulation methods at the continuum-scale, meso-scale, micro-scale, and atomic-scale; and (3) identify critical links connecting the length scales which will allow information to be passed among scales and allow the end goal of predictive models at the continuum scale. This paper presents the technical summary of the topics covered by the speakers at the workshop and a discussion of critical issues at each length scale. Published by Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. RP Campbell, GH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,MS L-356, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM ghcampbell@unl.gov RI Huang, Hanchen/A-9323-2008; Campbell, Geoffrey/F-7681-2010; OI Foiles, Stephen/0000-0002-1907-454X NR 110 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 251 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 22 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00640-6 PG 22 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 114VB UT WOS:000075628900001 ER PT J AU Erck, RA Maiya, PS AF Erck, RA Maiya, PS TI Fracture behavior of graphite coated with titanium compounds by chemical vapor deposition SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE TiC; TiN; TiCN; TiB2; graphite; adhesion; Weibull ID SILVER FILMS; ADHESION AB TIG, TIN, TIE,, and TiCN coatings were deposited on graphite by high-temperature chemical vapor deposition. Pin-pull tests were used to investigate the adhesion of the coatings to the graphite. Interfacial adhesion was excellent and failure occurred in the graphite itself. The distribution of failure stresses was analyzed by Weibull statistical analysis, which showed a good lit to the Weibull expression; failure stresses for the coated graphite were approximately one-half that of the uncoated graphite, although the Weibull moduli were comparable. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Erck, RA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 251 IS 1-2 BP 251 EP 254 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00637-6 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 114VB UT WOS:000075628900030 ER PT J AU Gabrisch, H Dahmen, U Johnson, E AF Gabrisch, H Dahmen, U Johnson, E TI In situ measurement of dihedral angles at liquid grain boundary inclusions SO MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE LA English DT Article DE dihedral angles; liquid grain boundary inclusions; relative interfacial energies; polycrystalline material; crystallography ID PARTICLES; ALUMINUM AB This work describes experimental aspects of the measurement of relative interfacial energies from the equilibrium dihedral angles of small liquid inclusions or precipitates at interfaces in solids using in situ transmission electron microscopy. We demonstrate how limitations such as faceting, free surfaces, and projection errors can be handled to minimize experimental errors. Microsc. Res. Tech. 42:241-247, 1998. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 LBNL, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Orsted Lab, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Gabrisch, H (reprint author), LBNL, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Gabrisch, Heike/I-5021-2013 NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1059-910X J9 MICROSC RES TECHNIQ JI Microsc. Res. Tech. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 42 IS 4 BP 241 EP 247 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19980915)42:4<241::AID-JEMT2>3.0.CO;2-T PG 7 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Biology; Microscopy SC Anatomy & Morphology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Microscopy GA 124ED UT WOS:000076167700002 PM 9779828 ER PT J AU Wall, MA Dahmen, U AF Wall, MA Dahmen, U TI An in situ nanoindentation specimen holder for a high voltage transmission electron microscope SO MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE LA English DT Article DE nanoindentation; cross-section; in situ TEM ID SILICON; HARDNESS; LOAD AB We describe in detail, the design, construction, and testing of a specimen holder that allows for the nanoindentation of surfaces while viewing in cross-section in a high voltage transmission electron microscope (TEM). This nanoindentation specimen holder, having three-axis position control of a diamond indenter in combination with micromachined specimens, allows for the first time the dynamic observation of subsurface microstructure evolution under an indenter tip. Additionally, the sample design techniques that have been developed for these procedures may eliminate the need for TEM specimen preparation for additional ex situ nanoindentation experiments. Initial experimental results from in situ indentation of Si samples in the high voltage electron microscope are reported here to demonstrate the capability of this new specimen holder. Miscrosc. Res. Tech. 42:248-254, 1998. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Dahmen, U (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 9 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 14 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1059-910X J9 MICROSC RES TECHNIQ JI Microsc. Res. Tech. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 42 IS 4 BP 248 EP 254 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19980915)42:4<248::AID-JEMT3>3.0.CO;2-M PG 7 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Biology; Microscopy SC Anatomy & Morphology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Microscopy GA 124ED UT WOS:000076167700003 PM 9779829 ER PT J AU Allen, CW Ryan, EA AF Allen, CW Ryan, EA TI In situ transmission electron microscopy employed for studies of effects of ion and electron irradiation on materials SO MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE LA English DT Article DE irradiation effect; HVEM; ion implantation; cascade damage; defect; ion beam ID BEAM; FACILITY; INSITU AB This paper summarizes the essential features of the various facilities dedicated to in situ irradiation effects research around the world at the present time, mentions some essential techniques that are involved in this type of research, and describes very briefly some examples of studies employing these facilities and techniques. Microsc. Res. Tech. 42:255-259, 1998. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Allen, CW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 16 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1059-910X J9 MICROSC RES TECHNIQ JI Microsc. Res. Tech. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 42 IS 4 BP 255 EP 259 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19980915)42:4<255::AID-JEMT4>3.0.CO;2-P PG 5 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Biology; Microscopy SC Anatomy & Morphology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Microscopy GA 124ED UT WOS:000076167700004 PM 9779830 ER PT J AU Islas, AL Fairley, CF Morgan, WF AF Islas, AL Fairley, CF Morgan, WF TI DNA synthesis on discontinuous templates by human DNA polymerases: implications for non-homologous DNA recombination SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-INDUCED MUTATIONS; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; IONIZING-RADIATION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; NONHOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; ILLEGITIMATE RECOMBINATION; V(D)J RECOMBINATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; KLENOW FRAGMENT; MECHANISMS AB DNA polymerases catalyze the synthesis of DNA using a continuous uninterrupted template strand, However, it has been shown that a 3'-->5' exonuclease-deficient form of the Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I as well as DNA polymerase of Thermus aquaticus can synthesize DNA across two unlinked DNA templates. In this study, we used an oligonucleotide-based assay to show that discontinuous DNA synthesis was present in HeLa cell extracts. DNA synthesis inhibitor studies as well as fractionation of the extracts revealed that most of the discontinuous DNA synthesis was attributable to DNA polymerase alpha. Additionally, discontinuous DNA synthesis could be eliminated by incubation with an antibody that specifically neutralized DNA polymerase alpha activity. To test the relative efficiency of each nuclear DNA polymerase for discontinuous synthesis, equal amounts (as measured by DNA polymerase activity) of DNA polymerases alpha, beta, delta (+/- PCNA) and epsilon (+/- PCNA) were used in the discontinuous DNA synthesis assay, DNA polymerase alpha showed the most discontinuous DNA synthesis activity, although small but detectable levels were seen for DNA polymerases delta (+PCNA) and epsilon (PCNA), Klenow fragment and DNA polymerase beta showed no discontinuous DNA synthesis, although at much higher amounts of each enzyme, discontinuous synthesis was seen for both, Discontinuous DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase alpha was seen with substrates containing 3 and 4 bp single-strand stretches of complementarity; however, little synthesis was seen with blunt substrates or with 1 bp stretches, The products formed from these experiments are structurally similar to that seen in vivo for non-homologous end joining in eukaryotic cells. These data suggest that DNA polymerase alpha may be able to rejoin double-strand breaks in vivo during replication. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,M-S 934-47A, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aislas@lbl.gov NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 EI 1362-4962 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 26 IS 16 BP 3729 EP 3738 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 110YB UT WOS:000075408200016 ER PT J AU Wilson, DM Carney, JP Coleman, MA Adamson, AW Christensen, M Lamerdin, JE AF Wilson, DM Carney, JP Coleman, MA Adamson, AW Christensen, M Lamerdin, JE TI Hex1: a new human Rad2 nuclease family member with homology to yeast exonuclease 1 SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION-REPAIR; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MISMATCH REPAIR; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; DNA-REPLICATION; IN-VITRO; RECOMBINATION; GENES; EXPRESSION AB Nucleolytic processing of chromosomal DMA is required in operations such as DNA repair, recombination and replication. We have identified a human gene, named HEX1 for human exonuclease 1, by searching the EST database for cDNAs that encode a homolog to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae EXO1 gene product. Based can its homology to this and other DNA repair proteins of the Rad2 family most notably Schizosaccharomyces pombe exonuclease 1 (Exo1), Hex1 presumably functions as a nuclease in aspects of recombination or mismatch repair. Similar to the yeast proteins, recombinant Hex1 exhibits a 5'-->3' exonuclease activity. Northern blot analysis revealed that HEX1 expression is highest in fetal liver and adult bone marrow, suggesting that the encoded protein may operate prominently in processes specific to hemopoietic stem cell development. HEX1 gene equivalents were found in all vertebrates examined. The human gene includes 14 exons and 13 introns that span similar to 42 kb of genomic DNA and maps to the chromosomal position 1q42-43, a region lost in some cases of acute leukemia and in several solid tumors. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. RP Wilson, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, L-452, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM wilson61@llnl.gov OI Coleman, Matthew/0000-0003-1389-4018 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA09215-12] NR 46 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 26 IS 16 BP 3762 EP 3768 DI 10.1093/nar/26.16.3762 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 110YB UT WOS:000075408200020 PM 9685493 ER PT J AU Sweetser, JN Trebino, R AF Sweetser, JN Trebino, R TI Reduced-background gas-phase absorption spectroscopy SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER AB We propose and demonstrate a new method for single-shot multiplex absorption spectroscopy that permits enhanced sensitivity in the simultaneous measurement of multiple spectral lines in rapidly changing gas-phase media, such as turbulent flames. It uses an ultrashort laser pulse that propagates through the absorbing medium, for which the relevant absorption information resides in the free-induction decay that is trailing behind the transmitted pulse. Time gating out most of the transmitted pulse, but not the free-induction decay, enhances the relative fraction of light that contains absorption information when the spectrum is measured. This procedure reduces the background associated with the input light, thus enhancing detection sensitivity. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sweetser, JN (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, MS 9051, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 16 BP 1289 EP 1291 DI 10.1364/OL.23.001289 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 111GE UT WOS:000075428300015 PM 18087501 ER PT J AU Gehr, RJ Kimmel, RW Smith, AV AF Gehr, RJ Kimmel, RW Smith, AV TI Simultaneous spatial and temporal walk-off compensation in frequency-doubling femtosecond pulses in beta-BaB2O4 SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We experimentally demonstrate the benefits of simultaneous compensation of spatial and temporal walk-off in frequency doubling of 800-nm 250-fs pulses, using three active and two compensating beta-BaB2O4 crystals. The compensating crystals reverse both birefringent and group-velocity walk-off, resulting in a factor-of-4.5 improvement in doubling efficiency relative to one of the active crystals while maintaining the short pulse duration and the symmetric spatial profile that are characteristic of the single crystal. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Lasers Opt & Remote Sensing 1128, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Gehr, RJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Lasers Opt & Remote Sensing 1128, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 16 BP 1298 EP 1300 DI 10.1364/OL.23.001298 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 111GE UT WOS:000075428300018 PM 18087504 ER PT J AU Shaw, RW Whitten, WB Barnes, MD Ramsey, JM AF Shaw, RW Whitten, WB Barnes, MD Ramsey, JM TI Time-domain observation of optical pulse propagation in whispering-gallery modes of glass spheres SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPHERICAL-PARTICLES; FIBER; MICROSPHERES; EXCITATION; SCATTERING; RESONANCES AB We report picosecond time-resolved measurements of optical pulse propagation in dielectric spheres (8, 10, and 26 mm in diameter) for which the pulse duration (approximate to 2 ps) was short compared with the equatorial round-trip time within the sphere. A size-independent buildup of the leakage intensity in terms of the number of round trips was observed for each of the spheres, as were damped low-frequency oscillations superimposed upon the pulse ringdown envelope. These features of the data are interpreted as resulting from perturbative coupling of eigenmodes of the sphere and trajectory precession near the observation region. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Analyt Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Shaw, RW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Analyt Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 16 BP 1301 EP 1303 DI 10.1364/OL.23.001301 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 111GE UT WOS:000075428300019 PM 18087505 ER PT J AU Zurek, WH AF Zurek, WH TI Decoherence, einselection and the existential interpretation (the rough guide) SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE decoherence; einselection; environment-induced superselection ID WAVE PACKET; CONSISTENT HISTORIES; QUANTUM COMPUTATION; COHERENT STATES; ENVIRONMENT; PREDICTABILITY; CLASSICALITY; INFORMATION; EMERGENCE; MECHANICS AB The roles of decoherence and environment-induced superselection in the emergence of the classical fi-om the quantum substrate are described. The stability of correlations between the einselected quantum pointer states and the environment allows them to exist almost as objectively as classical states were once thought to exist: there are ways of finding out what is the pointer state of the system which uses redundancy of its correlations with the environment, and which leave einselected states essentially unperturbed. This relatively objective existence of certain quantum states facilitates operational definition of probabilities in the quantum setting. Moreover, once there are states that 'exist' and can be 'found out', a 'collapse' in the traditional sense is no longer necessary-in effect, it has already happened. The role of the preferred states in the processing and storage of information is emphasized. The existential interpretation based on the relatively objective existence of stable correlations between the einselected states of observers' memory and in the outside universe is formulated and discussed. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zurek, WH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS B288,T-6, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 73 TC 109 Z9 109 U1 1 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 356 IS 1743 BP 1793 EP 1821 DI 10.1098/rsta.1998.0250 PG 29 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 113TJ UT WOS:000075568100013 ER PT J AU Hughes, RJ AF Hughes, RJ TI Cryptography, quantum computation and trapped ions SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE public-key cryptography; laser cooling; decoherence; quantum computation ID MECHANICAL COMPUTERS; DECOHERENCE BOUNDS; SPECTROSCOPY; LOGIC AB The significance of quantum computation for cryptography is discussed. Following a brief survey of the requirements for quantum computational hardware, an overview of the ion-trap quantum-computation project at Los Alamos is presented. The physical limitations to quantum computation with trapped ions are analysed and an assessment of the computational potential of the technology is made. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hughes, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 356 IS 1743 BP 1853 EP 1868 DI 10.1098/rsta.1998.0253 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 113TJ UT WOS:000075568100017 ER PT J AU Laflamme, R Knill, E Zurek, WH Catasti, P Mariappan, SVS AF Laflamme, R Knill, E Zurek, WH Catasti, P Mariappan, SVS TI NMR Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE foundation of quantum mechanics; quantum computers; entanglement ID QUANTUM LOGIC GATE; COMPUTATION; UNIVERSAL AB We describe the creation of a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state of the form (\000] + \111])/ root 2 (three maximally entangled quantum bits) using nuclear magnetic resonance. We have successfully carried out the experiment using the proton and carbon spins of trichloroethylene, and confirmed the result using state tomography. We have thus extended the space of entangled quantum states explored systematically to three quantum bits, an essential step for quantum computation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87455 USA. RP Laflamme, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, T-6,MS B-288, Los Alamos, NM 87455 USA. NR 19 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 356 IS 1743 BP 1941 EP 1947 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 113TJ UT WOS:000075568100024 ER PT J AU Pearson, JE Ponce-Dawson, S AF Pearson, JE Ponce-Dawson, S TI Crisis on skid row SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Vth Latin American Workshop on Non-Linear Phenomena/11th MEDYFINOL Conference on Statistical Physics of Dynamic and Complex Systems CY SEP 28-OCT 03, 1997 CL CANELA, BRAZIL ID RAT-HEART CELLS; INOSITOL TRISPHOSPHATE; CALCIUM-RELEASE; SPARKS; CA2+; ELEMENTARY; MUSCLE; WAVES; MICRODOMAINS AB We consider an idealized model of Ca2+ release from internal stores in living cells (the skid row relay) in order to explore the effect of the distribution of release sites. The skid row relay is an all or none release model in which a fixed amount of Ca2+ is released when the cytosolic Ca2+ density in the vicinity of the release site reaches a threshold. Depending on the time and space scales the skid row relay can support traveling waves with a velocity that scales as either D-1/2 Or D (where D is the diffusion coefficient for Ca2+). The former scaling holds when the continuum approximation for the distribution of release sites is valid. The latter holds when the release sites are sufficiently far apart. We determine an analytic expression for the velocity of propagating waves in the two regimes. In the discrete case it can be shown that traveling wave solutions do not exist if the release sites are too far apart or do not release enough Ca2+ or if the threshold for release is too high. Well before the traveling wave ceases to exist, the wave loses stability through period doubling and crisis. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Theoret Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, IAFE, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Pearson, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Theoret Phys, XCM MS F645, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Ponce Dawson, Silvina/0000-0001-6550-4267 NR 16 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 257 IS 1-4 BP 141 EP 148 DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(98)00136-8 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 119BY UT WOS:000075876500016 ER PT J AU Ponce-Dawson, S Pearson, JE Reynolds, WN AF Ponce-Dawson, S Pearson, JE Reynolds, WN TI Geometric features of microtubule dynamics SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Vth Latin American Workshop on Non-Linear Phenomena/11th MEDYFINOL Conference on Statistical Physics of Dynamic and Complex Systems CY SEP 28-OCT 03, 1997 CL CANELA, BRAZIL DE microtubules; dynamic instability; spatial organization ID INSTABILITY; SIMULATION; TUBULIN AB Microtubules are long and stiff polymers that form the cytoskeleton of eucaryotic cells. They perform a series of tasks, such as determining the cell shape and providing a network of "rails'' along which molecular motors transport organelles to different parts of the cell. They are particularly important during the process of cell division, since they provide the forces by which replicated chromosomes are segregated into what will be the two daughter cells. Microtubules are formed from a protein called tubulin and undergo a process called dynamic instability. In this paper we study, via numerical simulations of some simplified models, how the interaction between microtubules and the diffusion of free tubulin affects their spatial organization. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, IAFE, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Theoret Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Bios Grp LP, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. RP Ponce-Dawson, S (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis, Cuidad Univ,Pabellon 1, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. OI Ponce Dawson, Silvina/0000-0001-6550-4267 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 257 IS 1-4 BP 156 EP 164 DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(98)00138-1 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 119BY UT WOS:000075876500018 ER PT J AU Wang, XS Li, QM Soukoulis, CM AF Wang, XS Li, QM Soukoulis, CM TI Scaling properties of conductance at integer quantum Hall plateau transitions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INSULATOR-TRANSITION; LOCALIZATION; FLUCTUATIONS; UNIVERSALITY; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSMISSION; SYSTEMS AB We investigate the scaling properties of zero-temperature conductances at integer quantum Hall plateau transitions in the lowest Landau band of a two-dimensional tight-binding model. Scaling is obeyed for all energy and system sizes with critical exponent v approximate to 7/3. The arithmetic average of the conductance at the localization-delocalization critical point is found to be [G](c) = 0.506e(2)/h, in agreement with the universal longitudinal conductance [sigma(xx)] = 1/2e(2)/h predicted by an analytical theory. The probability distribution of the conductance at the critical point is broad with a dip at small G. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Wang, XS (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 27 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 7 BP 3576 EP 3579 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.3576 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 114PA UT WOS:000075616800027 ER PT J AU Jellison, GE Boatner, LA AF Jellison, GE Boatner, LA TI Optical functions of uniaxial ZnO determined by generalized ellipsometry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE; CRYSTALS; EXCITON AB The optical functions of uniaxial ZnO have been determined using two-modulator generalized ellipsometry, where a single measurement is sufficient to determine the optical functions from appropriately aligned uniaxial crystals. Above the direct band edge (similar to 3.3 eV), this technique produces the most accurate values of the optical functions of ZnO presently available, while the refractive indices determined below the direct band edge agree with minimum-deviation methods. Near the direct band edge, the optical functions are modified by the excitonic interaction with a three-dimensional critical point. The optical dielectric response functions are fit to a recent formulation by Holden et al. [Phys. Rev. B 56, 4037 (1997)]. One isotropic point in the spectrum was observed at 3.114 eV, and a near-isotropic point near 3.31-3.34 eV. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jellison, GE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 20 TC 154 Z9 157 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 7 BP 3586 EP 3589 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.3586 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 114PA UT WOS:000075616800030 ER PT J AU Wehner, MU Chemla, DS Wegener, M AF Wehner, MU Chemla, DS Wegener, M TI Electron-LO-phonon quantum kinetics in semiconductor quantum wells SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GAAS; INTERFERENCE; BEATS AB Quantum correlations between electrons and phonons are demonstrated in two-dimensional semiconductors. The resulting phonon oscillation exhibits characteristic differences with respect to the three-dimensional parent system. We show how these correlations can unambiguously be distinguished from nonequilibrium coherent phonons. Furthermore, coherent control allows separation of the phonon oscillation from another oscillation observed here, specific to two-dimensional systems, which is due to the interference of two electron-electron scattering channels associated with different quantum-well subbands. C1 Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Angew Phys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wehner, MU (reprint author), Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Angew Phys, Kaiserstr 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. RI Wegener, Martin/S-5456-2016 NR 12 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 7 BP 3590 EP 3593 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.3590 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 114PA UT WOS:000075616800031 ER PT J AU Matsuura, AY Watanabe, K Kim, C Doniach, S Shen, ZX Thio, T Bennett, JW AF Matsuura, AY Watanabe, K Kim, C Doniach, S Shen, ZX Thio, T Bennett, JW TI Metal-insulator transition in NiS2-xSex and the local impurity self-consistent approximation model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INFINITE DIMENSIONS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; SPECTRAL-FUNCTION; PYRITE-STRUCTURE; NIS2; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SYSTEMS; PHASE AB Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements on NiS2 - xSex single crystals show the evolution of a narrow band near the Fermi level, which develops in the vicinity of the correlation-driven metal-insulator transition. To model the metal-insulator transition, we use a two-band Hubbard model, which has been studied extensively to describe transition-metal compounds, and use a dynamical mean-held-theory approach. The ARPES data are in striking qualitative agreement with the predictions of the model. Comparison of our data to the calculations suggests a possible mechanism for the metal-insulator transition with Se substitution in which both charge-transfer and hole-doping effects an present. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NEC Res Inst, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Matsuura, AY (reprint author), Univ Lund, Inst Phys, Dept Synchrotron Radiat Res, Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. NR 20 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 7 BP 3690 EP 3696 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.3690 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 114PA UT WOS:000075616800047 ER PT J AU Mandrus, D Keppens, V Sales, BC Sarrao, JL AF Mandrus, D Keppens, V Sales, BC Sarrao, JL TI Unusual transport and large diamagnetism in the intermetallic semiconductor RuAl2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FILLED SKUTTERUDITE ANTIMONIDES; THERMOELECTRIC-MATERIALS; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; AL2RU; CRYSTALS AB We report measurements of the resistivity, thermopower, thermal conductivity, Hall coefficient, and magnetic susceptibility of RuAl2 over a wide temperature range. Room-temperature sound velocity measurements are also reported. We find that at low temperature RuAl2 behaves as a low carrier-density semimetal. As the temperature is raised, excitations across a 0.6-eV pseudogap dominate the transport, and RuAl2 behaves effectively as a semiconductor. The diamagnetic susceptibility of RuAl2 is anomalously large, and has an unusual temperature dependence that can be attributed to a Pauli term that reflects underlying structure in the density of states. We also suggest that the large diamagnetic response is a universal feature of hybridization gap semiconductors. The potential of RuAl2 for thermoelectric applications is evaluated. We find that even if the lattice component of the thermal conductivity could be reduced to its minimum value, the electrical properties of RuAl2 are not good enough to make it an attractive thermoelectic material. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mandrus, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 NR 22 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 7 BP 3712 EP 3716 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.3712 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 114PA UT WOS:000075616800050 ER PT J AU van Veenendaal, M Benoist, R AF van Veenendaal, M Benoist, R TI X-ray absorption and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering in the rare earths SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; RAMAN-SCATTERING; BRANCHING RATIOS; L(III) EDGE; SPECTRA; POLARIZATION; CORE; DISTRIBUTIONS; PHOTOEMISSION AB This paper makes a comparison between x-ray absorption (XAS) and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) in the rare earths. Atomic calculations are given for 2p-->4f. The radiative decay of the XAS final states is described for the situations where the core hole created in the absorption process is filled by a valence electron or by an electron from st shallower core level. RIXS spectra 4f(n)--><(3d)under bar>4f(n+1)-->4f(n) integrated over the outgoing photon energy (fluorescence yield) are compared with 3d-->4f XAS. Sum rules related to XAS and RIXS and their applicability are discussed. C1 European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. RP van Veenendaal, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 7 BP 3741 EP 3749 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.3741 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 114PA UT WOS:000075616800054 ER PT J AU Alekseev, KN Berman, GP Campbell, DK AF Alekseev, KN Berman, GP Campbell, DK TI Strange attractor in resonant tunneling SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INTRINSIC BISTABILITY; RING CAVITY; OPTICAL TURBULENCE; TRANSMITTED LIGHT; QUANTUM-WELLS; OSCILLATIONS; BARRIERS; SYSTEM; STATE; TIME AB We consider the process of resonant electron tunneling through a double-barrier potential, taking into account nonlinear dynamical effects generated by charge accumulation in the interbarrier space. We use the perturbation approach of Davydov and Ermakov, which was developed for investigating intrinsic bistability in resonant tunneling. For incoming electron flow, which is modulated slowly in time, we show that the resulting nonlinear dynamics can become chaotic, with the chaos described (because of the open nature of the system) by a strange attractor. We determine the conditions for the existence of this strange attractor and estimate characteristic experimental parameters for its observation. C1 LV Kirensky Phys Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Alekseev, KN (reprint author), LV Kirensky Phys Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 7 BP 3954 EP 3962 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.3954 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 114PA UT WOS:000075616800074 ER PT J AU Yi, YS Bishop, AR AF Yi, YS Bishop, AR TI Aharonov-Anandan effect induced by spin-orbit interaction and charge-density waves in mesoscopic rings SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PERSISTENT CURRENTS; BERRY PHASE; QUANTUM TRANSPORT; MAGNETIC-FLUX; SYSTEMS; SCATTERING AB We study the spin-dependent geometric phase effect in mesoscopic rings of charge-density-wave (CDW) materials. When electron spin is explicitly taken into account, we show that the spin-dependent Aharonov-Casher phase can have pronounced frustration effects on such CDW materials with appropriate electron filling. We show that this frustration has observable consequences for transport experiments. We identify a phase transition from a Peierls insulator to metal, which is induced by spin-dependent phase interference effects. Mesoscopic CDW materials and spin-dependent geometric phase effects, and their interplay, are becoming attractive opportunities for exploitation with the rapid development of modern fabrication technology. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yi, YS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 7 BP 4077 EP 4081 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.4077 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 114PA UT WOS:000075616800087 ER PT J AU McMahan, AK AF McMahan, AK TI Two-center s-f Slater-Koster integrals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TABLES; ELECTRONS AB Two-center Slater-Koster integrals may be expressed as linear combinations of simpler polynomials that can either be factored or are of lower power in the direction cosines. This structure facilitates their tabulation and manipulation, as illustrated here by providing the complete set of s-f two-center integrals in this manner, as well as values of their m,m'-matrix dot products. The latter provide useful constraints for testing analytic or coded forms of these functions. These dot products also define a transformed two-center expansion which provides more convenient treatment of crystal-field terms. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McMahan, AK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 8 BP 4293 EP 4303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.4293 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117GE UT WOS:000075772500026 ER PT J AU Delaney, P Kralik, B Louie, SG AF Delaney, P Kralik, B Louie, SG TI Compton profiles of Si: Pseudopotential calculation and reconstruction effects SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERMI-SURFACE; SCATTERING; DENSITY AB Using an ab initio pseudopotential calculation, we compute Compton profiles of silicon along the (100), (110), and (111) directions, and then reconstruct the pseudo-wave-functions to regain the oscillatory behavior of the all-electron valence wave functions near the atomic cores. We study the effect that this reconstruction has on the Compton profiles and their anisotropies. We find a decrease in the magnitude of the profiles at small wave vectors and in their anisotropies. These changes bring the theoretical predictions closer to experimental results. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 8 BP 4320 EP 4324 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.4320 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117GE UT WOS:000075772500028 ER PT J AU Delin, A Fast, L Johansson, B Eriksson, O Wills, JM AF Delin, A Fast, L Johansson, B Eriksson, O Wills, JM TI Cohesive properties of the lanthanides: Effect of generalized gradient corrections and crystal structure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH-METALS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ALPHA-GAMMA-TRANSITION; KONDO VOLUME-COLLAPSE; PHASE-DIAGRAM; GAMMA->ALPHA TRANSITION; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; BRILLOUIN-ZONE; SPECIAL POINTS; APPROXIMATION AB Two different approximations to the density functional, the local (spin) density approximation (LDA) in the Hedin-Lundqvist parametrization and the Perdew-Wang generalized gradient approximation (GGA), are compared using the lanthanide series plus barium as testing ground. Our total-energy calculations are parameter-free and all-electron, with a full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital basis set. The equilibrium volumes, bulk moduli, and generalized cohesive energies are calculated, assuming both the fee and hcp crystal structures, and compared to experimental data. We find that GGA corrects most of the overbonding tendency of LDA for these elements. Our results also suggest that the standard model of the lanthanides, according to which the 4f shell can be viewed as chemically inert, is not fully appropriate for the early lanthanides (not including La), and that the trend in the bulk modulus is much less smooth than previously thought. C1 Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Condensed Matter Theory Grp, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci & Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Delin, A (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Condensed Matter Theory Grp, POB 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. RI Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014; Delin, Anna/P-2100-2014 OI Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374; Delin, Anna/0000-0001-7788-6127 NR 44 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 8 BP 4345 EP 4351 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.4345 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117GE UT WOS:000075772500032 ER PT J AU Kang, JS Olson, CG Inada, Y Onuki, Y Kwon, SK Min, BI AF Kang, JS Olson, CG Inada, Y Onuki, Y Kwon, SK Min, BI TI Valence-band photoemission study of single crystalline CeNiSn SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID KONDO SEMICONDUCTOR CENISN; ANTIFERROMAGNETIC CORRELATIONS; RESONANT PHOTOEMISSION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; HEAVY FERMIONS; GAP FORMATION; ENERGY-GAP; SPECTRA; HYBRIDIZATION AB The electronic structure of single crystalline CeNiSn has been investigated using photoemission spectroscopy. The extracted Ce 4f spectrum exhibits three peak structures; the typical Fermi level and 2 eV peaks, and another between them, similar to 0.9 eV below the Fermi level E-F. The near-E-F peak reflects a substantial Ce 4f-Sn sp hybridization, whereas the 0.9 eV peak arises from the Ce 4f-Ni 3d and Ce 5d-Ni 3d hybridization. A Ni 3d satellite feature is observed about 6 eV below the Ni 3d main band, indicating a strong Ni 3d Coulomb correlation in CeNiSn. The high-resolution photoemission study indicates a finite metallic density of states at EF implying a semimetallic ground state. The electronic states near EF are found to have mixed character from the Sn sp, Ce 5d, Ce 4f, and Ni 3d electrons. Constant-initial-state and constant-final-state yield spectra across the 4d-->4f threshold indicate the Ce valence to be close to 3+. C1 Catholic Univ Korea, Dept Phys, Puchon 422743, South Korea. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Pohang 790784, South Korea. RP Kang, JS (reprint author), Catholic Univ Korea, Dept Phys, Puchon 422743, South Korea. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 8 BP 4426 EP 4431 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.4426 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117GE UT WOS:000075772500041 ER PT J AU Gilliland, GD Petrovic, MS Hjalmarson, HP Wolford, DJ Northrop, GA Kuech, TF Smith, LM Bradley, JA AF Gilliland, GD Petrovic, MS Hjalmarson, HP Wolford, DJ Northrop, GA Kuech, TF Smith, LM Bradley, JA TI Time-dependent heterointerfacial band bending and quasi-two-dimensionl excitonic transport in GaAs structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-WELL STRUCTURES; DOUBLE HETEROSTRUCTURES; ELECTRON-MOBILITY; QUALITY; INTERFACES; DIFFUSION; PARAEXCITONS; SCATTERING; STATES; DRIFT AB Using a time-resolved photoluminescence imaging technique with high spectral, temporal, and spatial resolution, we have directly measured the time- and carrier-density-dependent heterointerfacial band bending in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs structures, and its influence on quasi-two-dimensional exciton transport. We find the spatially nonuniform band bending induced by laser excitation decays to its static, uniform band bending in similar to 20 ns. Further, we find that the observed transport is initially "driven" by a force originating from the spatially nonuniform band bending arising from photoexcited carrier screening of the built-in heterointerface field and is of very high mobility. This transport becomes diffusive asymptotically in time. C1 Emory Univ, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. IBM Corp, Div Res, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50010 USA. IBM Corp, Div Res, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Gilliland, GD (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RI Smith, Leigh/A-1071-2009 OI Smith, Leigh/0000-0002-3950-1713 NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 8 BP 4728 EP 4732 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.4728 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117GE UT WOS:000075772500079 ER PT J AU Suo, ZG Zhang, ZY AF Suo, ZG Zhang, ZY TI Epitaxial films stabilized by long-range forces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-WELL STATES; THIN METAL-FILMS; STRAIN RELIEF; GE FILMS; GROWTH; SIZE; SURFACE; AG; INSTABILITY; NUCLEATION AB It has been widely accepted that the stability of an epitaxial film on a substrate of a different material is determined primarily by the competition between surface tension and stress. Here we propose that certain thermodynamic driving forces of different physical origins, acting over longer ranges than atomic length, can be strong enough to compete with elasticity. Specifically, we show that the ubiquitous dispersion force can compete effectively with the stress in thin solid films. We further show that the confined electrons within a metal film can mediate a surprisingly long-ranged force capable of stabilizing metal films of many atomic layers, leading to the existence of a thickness window within which smooth metal films can be formed. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Mat Inst, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Suo, ZG (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM Suo@Princeton.EDU; ZhangZ@ORNL.GOV RI Suo, Zhigang/B-1067-2008 OI Suo, Zhigang/0000-0002-4068-4844 NR 50 TC 107 Z9 110 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 8 BP 5116 EP 5120 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.5116 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117GE UT WOS:000075772500126 ER PT J AU Cheong, HM Fluegel, B Hanna, MC Mascarenhas, A AF Cheong, HM Fluegel, B Hanna, MC Mascarenhas, A TI Photoluminescence up-conversion in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs heterostructures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-WELL STRUCTURES; BAND ALIGNMENT; INTERFACE; STOKES; SEMICONDUCTORS; HETEROJUNCTION; SUPERLATTICES; LUMINESCENCE; CARRIERS; GAINP AB We propose GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs heterostructures as a model system to study the phenomenon of photoluminescence (PL) up-conversion and demonstrate low-temperature up-converted PL (UPL) in these heterostructures. We find that a mechanism to prevent up-converted carriers in the AlxGa1-xAs layer from thermalizing back to the GaAs layer is essential for efficient UPL. We also find that neither a type-II band alignment nor existence of long-lived intermediate states is an essential requirement of UPL. The results of time-resolved UPL measurements are interpreted within the current models. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Cheong, HM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Cheong, Hyeonsik/D-7424-2012 OI Cheong, Hyeonsik/0000-0002-2347-4044 NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 8 BP R4254 EP R4257 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.R4254 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117GE UT WOS:000075772500016 ER PT J AU Cote, M Cohen, ML Chadi, DJ AF Cote, M Cohen, ML Chadi, DJ TI Theoretical study of the structural and electronic properties of GaSe nanotubes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CARBON AB We predict the formation of GaSe nanotubes from an energetic argument which employs pseudopotential density functional theory methods. The strain energy of GaSe nanotubes is found to be comparable to existing carbon nanotubes. Based on this energetic comparison, we expect GaSe nanotubes with diameters of 40-48 Angstrom to form. The energy gap of these nanotubes is predicted to decrease from the hulk value as the nanotubes get smaller. These calculations demonstrate that the synthesis of GaSe tubes would yield interesting new materials which would allow further studies of the properties of nanotubes and expand their applications. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NEC Res Inst, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Cote, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Cote, Michel/H-3942-2012 OI Cote, Michel/0000-0001-9046-9491 NR 11 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 8 BP R4277 EP R4280 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.R4277 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117GE UT WOS:000075772500022 ER PT J AU Leon, R Fafard, S Piva, PG Ruvimov, S Liliental-Weber, Z AF Leon, R Fafard, S Piva, PG Ruvimov, S Liliental-Weber, Z TI Tunable intersublevel transitions in self-forming semiconductor quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TIME-RESOLVED PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; RADIATIVE RECOMBINATION; VISIBLE LUMINESCENCE; PHONON BOTTLENECK; BARRIER HEIGHT; BOX SYSTEMS; RELAXATION; ENSEMBLES; WELLS AB Interfacial compositional disordering in In0.6Ga0.4As/GaAs quantum dots has been used to tune their intersublevel energy spacings (Delta E[(i+1-i])). Interdiffusion blueshifted all levels while lowering values for Delta E[(i+1-i]). Rate equation simulations of photoluminescence (PL) spectra estimated relaxation lifetime ratios for intersublevel transitions. A slight trend towards increasing thermalization rates at values Delta E[(i+1-i]) similar to LO phonon energies was found. However, PL measurements showed strong emission from excited states for all Delta E[(i+1-i]) values, which ranged from 53 to 25 meV. C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Microstruct Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Leon, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012 NR 25 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 8 BP R4262 EP R4265 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.R4262 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117GE UT WOS:000075772500018 ER PT J AU Copeland, EJ Grivell, IJ Kolb, EW Liddle, AR AF Copeland, EJ Grivell, IJ Kolb, EW Liddle, AR TI On the reliability of inflation potential reconstruction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATIONS AB If primordial scalar and tensor perturbation spectra can be inferred from observations of the cosmic background radiation and large-scale structure, then one might hope to reconstruct a unique single-field inflaton potential capable of generating the observed spectra. In this paper we examine conditions under which such a potential can be reliably reconstructed. For it to be possible at all, the spectra must be well fit by a Taylor series expansion. A complete reconstruction requires a statistically significant tensor mode to be measured in the microwave background. We find that the observational uncertainties dominate the theoretical error from use of the slow-roll approximation, and conclude that the reconstruction procedure will never insidiously lead to an irrelevant potential. C1 Univ Sussex, Ctr Theoret Phys, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Copeland, EJ (reprint author), Univ Sussex, Ctr Theoret Phys, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. NR 17 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 4 AR 043002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.58.043002 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 112YC UT WOS:000075521600007 ER PT J AU Csaki, C Skiba, W AF Csaki, C Skiba, W TI Classification of the N=1 Seiberg-Witten theories SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID YANG-MILLS THEORY; SUPERSYMMETRIC GAUGE-THEORIES; MODULI SPACE; EXACT SUPERPOTENTIALS; CONFINING PHASE; COULOMB PHASE; CONFINEMENT; DUALITY; VACUA; MONODROMIES AB We present a systematic study of N = 1 supersymmetric gauge theories which are in the Coulomb phase. We show how to find all such theories based on a simple gauge group and no tree-level superpotential. We find the low-energy solution for the new theories in terms of a hyperelliptic Seiberg-Witten curve. This work completes the study of all N = 1 supersymmetric gauge theories where the Dynkin index of the matter fields equals the index of the adjoint (mu = G) and, consequently, all theories for which mu < G. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Csaki, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 4 AR 045008 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 112YC UT WOS:000075521600048 ER PT J AU Lee, S AF Lee, S TI Propagation of extragalactic high energy cosmic and gamma rays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID INTERGALACTIC INFRARED RADIATION; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND-RADIATION; UNIFICATION SCALE PHYSICS; TOPOLOGICAL DEFECTS; COSMOLOGICAL DISTANCES; RADIO GALAXIES; SPECTRUM; ORIGIN; STRINGS; ABSORPTION AB The observation of air showers from elementary particles with energies exceeding 10(20) eV poses a puzzle to the physics and astrophysics of cosmic rays which is still unresolved. Explaining the origin and nature of these particles is a challenge. In order to constrain production mechanisms and sites, one has to account for the processing of particle spectra by interactions with radiation backgrounds and magnetic fields on the way to the observer. In this paper, I report on an extensive study on the propagation of extragalactic nucleons, gamma-rays, and electrons in the energy range between 10(8) eV and 10(25) eV. We have devised an efficient numerical method to solve the transport equations for cosmic ray spectral evolution. The universal radiation background spectrum in the energy range between similar or equal to 10(-9) eV and similar or equal to 10 eV is considered in the numerical code, including the diffuse radio background, the cosmic microwave background, and the infrared-optical background, as well as a possible extragalactic magnetic field. We apply the code to compute the particle spectra predicted by several models of ultrahigh energy cosmic ray origin. A comparison with the observed fluxes, especially the diffuse gamma-ray background in several energy ranges, allows one to constrain certain classes of models. C1 Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 95 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 4 AR 043004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.58.043004 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 112YC UT WOS:000075521600009 ER PT J AU Mathews, GJ Marronetti, P Wilson, JR AF Mathews, GJ Marronetti, P Wilson, JR TI Relativistic hydrodynamics in close binary systems: Analysis of neutron-star collapse SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID POST-NEWTONIAN APPROXIMATION; STABLE CIRCULAR ORBIT; 2 BLACK-HOLES; GENERAL-RELATIVITY; CENTRAL DENSITY; DARWIN PROBLEM; COLLISION; MODELS AB We discuss the underlying relativistic physics that causes neutron stars to compress and collapse in close binary systems as has been recently observed in numerical(3 + 1)-dimensional general relativistic hydrodynamic simulations. We show that compression is driven by velocity-dependent relativistic hydrodynamic terms which increase the self-gravity of the stars. They also produce fluid motion with respect to the corotating frame of the binary. We present numerical and analytic results that confirm that such terms are insignificant for uniform translation or when the hydrodynamics are constrained to rigid corotation. However, when the hydrodynamics are unconstrained, the neutron star fluid relaxes to a compressed nonsynchronized state of almost no net intrinsic spin with respect to a distant observer. We also show that tidal decompression effects are much smaller than the velocity-dependent compression terms for stars with a realistic compaction ratio. We discuss why several recent attempts to analyze this effect with constrained hydrodynamics or an analysis of tidal forces do not observe compression. We argue that an independent test of this effect must include unconstrained relativistic hydrodynamics to a sufficiently high order so that all relevant velocity-dependent terms and their possible cancellations are included. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Mathews, GJ (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. NR 42 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 4 AR 043003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.58.043003 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 112YC UT WOS:000075521600008 ER PT J AU Tornkvist, O AF Tornkvist, O TI Electroweak origin of cosmological magnetic fields SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EARLY UNIVERSE; BUBBLE COLLISIONS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; W-CONDENSATION; STRINGS; GENERATION; STABILITY; QCD; INFLATION AB Magnetic fields may have been generated in the electroweak phase transition through spontaneous symmetry breaking or through the subsequent dynamical evolution of semiclassical field configurations. Here I demonstrate explicitly how magnetic fields emerge spontaneously in the phase transition also when no gradients of the Higgs field are present. Using a simple model, I show that no magnetic fields an generated, at least initially, from classical two-bubble collisions in a first-order phase transition. An improved gauge-invariant definition of the electromagnetic field is advocated which is more appropriate in the sense that it never allows electrically neutral fields to serve as sources for the electromagnetic field. In particular, semiclassical configurations of the Z field alone do not generate magnetic fields. The possible generation of magnetic fields in the decay of unstable Z strings is discussed. C1 NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Univ Cambridge, Dept Appl Math & Theoret Phys, Silver St, Cambridge CB3 9EW, England. EM O.Tornkvist@damtp.cam.ac.uk NR 55 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 4 AR 043501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.58.043501 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 112YC UT WOS:000075521600011 ER PT J AU Tars, M Ellervee, A Wasielewski, MR Freiberg, A AF Tars, M Ellervee, A Wasielewski, MR Freiberg, A TI Biomolecular electron transfer under high hydrostatic pressure SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE high pressure; electron transfer; porphyrins; donor-acceptor complexes; picosecond time-reserved fluorescence ID RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES R-26; BACTERIAL REACTION CENTERS; CHARGE SEPARATION; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-VIRIDIS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; LUMINESCENCE; DEPENDENCE; RELAXATION; DYNAMICS; STEP AB The dependence of the photoinduced electron transfer rate on hydrostatic pressure up to 8 kbar was studied at 295 K in a bridged Zn-porphyrin donor and pyromellitimide acceptor supermolecule dissolved in toluene. A picosecond fluorescence emission kinetics of the donor, limited by the electron transfer rate: was detected by using synchroscan streak camera. The experiment was complemented with model calculations based on modified classical and semi-classical nonadiabatic electron transfer theory. A peculiar asymmetric inverted parabola-like dependence of the electron transfer rate on pressure was observed. The dependence was successfully reproduced by nonadiabatic theory in the high-temperature limit assuming that the reorganisation free energy or both the reorganisation free energy and the reaction driving force (linearly) changed with pressure. The reaction driving force dependence on pressure alone failed to explain the asymmetry, suggesting that the electron transfer was accompanied with vibration frequency changes. It was inferred that the effective frequency in the product state should be larger than in the reactant state. The usage of the nonadiabatic theory is well justified due to the fulfilment of the inequalities V much less than k(B)T and V much less than[tau(L)](-1) (V is the electronic coupling matrix element, [tau(L)](-1) is the solvent relaxation rate). The influence of the donor-acceptor distance reduction under compression on the electron transfer rate was found to be minor, (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Estonian Acad Sci, Inst Phys, EE-2400 Tartu, Estonia. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Freiberg, A (reprint author), Estonian Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Riia 142, EE-2400 Tartu, Estonia. RI Freiberg, Arvi/A-9283-2011 NR 32 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 54 IS 9 BP 1177 EP 1189 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(98)00068-7 PG 13 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 105ER UT WOS:000075060200006 ER PT J AU DiMagno, TJ Laible, PD Reddy, NR Small, GJ Norris, JR Schiffer, M Hanson, DK AF DiMagno, TJ Laible, PD Reddy, NR Small, GJ Norris, JR Schiffer, M Hanson, DK TI Protein-chromophore interactions: spectral shifts report the consequences of mutations in the bacterial photosynthetic reaction center SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE electron transfer; site-specific mutagenesis; transient absorption spectroscopy; bacteriochlorophyll a; bacteriopheophytin a ID RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES R26; ELECTRON-TRANSFER DYNAMICS; PRIMARY CHARGE SEPARATION; SITE-SPECIFIC MUTAGENESIS; HOLE-BURNED SPECTRA; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-CAPSULATA; BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLL-A; BACTERIOPHEOPHYTIN-A; TYROSINE M210; PRIMARY DONOR AB Features of the low temperature absorption spectra of reaction centers from a large family of Rhodobacter capsulatus strains carrying site-specific mutations at the M208Tyr and L181Phe positions are presented. Through systematic analysis of the observed electronic transitions (with accompanying vibronic bands): the primary effects of many of the mutations have been identified and explained in terms of the reaction center structure. Some of the observed shifts are comparable to those that have been seen in other systems as a result of formation of hydrogen bonds or hexacoordination of the central Mg atom in bacteriochlorophyll species. Shifts of the Q(y) and Q(x) bacteriochlorophyll bands are also seen as a result of distant mutations near the quinones that change the charge distribution of the reaction center. We include kinetic data which show that the spectral and kinetic characteristics of different cofactors can be modulated depending on the particular amino acid that is substituted at the M208 site. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Mech Biol & Biotechnol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hanson, DK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Mech Biol & Biotechnol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 71 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 54 IS 9 BP 1247 EP 1267 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(98)00074-2 PG 21 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 105ER UT WOS:000075060200012 ER PT J AU Ratsep, M Wu, HM Hayes, JM Small, GJ AF Ratsep, M Wu, HM Hayes, JM Small, GJ TI Stark hole-burning spectroscopy of a photosynthetic complex: LH2 of purple bacteria SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE hole-burning; Stark; light harvesting 2 complex; dipole moment ID BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLL-A-PROTEIN; LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEXES; DIPOLE-MOMENT DIFFERENCES; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; ANTENNA COMPLEX; ENERGY-TRANSFER; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-ACIDOPHILA; REACTION CENTERS; RHODOSPIRILLUM-MOLISCHIANUM; PROSTHECOCHLORIS-AESTUARII AB Results from the first Stark hole-burning spectroscopic studies of photosynthetic complexes are reported. External electric field effects were determined as a function of laser burn frequency and polarization for the B800 band and the B870 band of Rhodobacter sphaeroides, where B870 is the lowest exciton level of the strongly coupled bacteriochlorophyll a molecules of the B850 ring. For either parallel or perpendicular polarization of the burn laser relative to the external Stark field, only broadening of the zero-phonon holes which is linear in field strength was observed. Near the center of the B870 and B800 bands, f(Delta mu(parallel to), Delta mu(perpendicular to)) = (1.1, 1.4) and (1.1, 0.8) Debye, respectively, where f is the local field correction factor. However, a dependence of the Delta mu-values on location of the hole within the inhomogeneously broadened absorption bands is observed. For B870 they increase by 10-20% from the blue to red edge while for B800 an opposite trend is observed. Results for B870 of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila and Rhodospirillum molischianum are similar. A detailed discussion of the results and a comparison of them with those from classical Stark modulation spectroscopic studies of the entire B800 and B850 absorption bands are given. It is concluded for the B850 ring that mixing of charge transfer states with the Q(y)-exciton levels is of minor importance. The hole burning data, together with consideration of the C-n-symmetry and the effects of energy disorder from structural heterogeneity, suggest that localization effects from energy disorder are probably important for understanding the effects of external electric field on the B850 band which is comprised of several components. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Small, GJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 38 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 54 IS 9 BP 1279 EP 1289 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(98)00076-6 PG 11 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 105ER UT WOS:000075060200014 ER PT J AU Pokkuluri, PR Huang, DB Raffen, R Cai, X Johnson, G Stevens, PW Stevens, FJ Schiffer, M AF Pokkuluri, PR Huang, DB Raffen, R Cai, X Johnson, G Stevens, PW Stevens, FJ Schiffer, M TI A domain flip as a result of a single amino-acid substitution SO STRUCTURE WITH FOLDING & DESIGN LA English DT Article DE antibody light chain; crystal structure; dimer interface; electrostatic potential; quaternary interactions ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SOLUBLE FORM; PROTEIN; COMPLEMENTARITY; ASSOCIATION; RESOLUTION; INSIGHTS; DIMER AB Background: The self-assembly properties of beta domains are important features of diverse classes of proteins that include cell-adhesion molecules, surface receptors and the immunoglobulin superfamily. Immunoglobulin light-chain variable domains are well suited to the study of structural factors that determine dimerization, including how residues at the interface influence the preferred dimer arrangement. Results: Single-site mutants of light-chain variable domain Len, designated LenQ38E and LenK30T, formed 'flipped' dimers in which one domain was rotated by about 180 degrees compared with the native protein. The dimer in the native protein is similar to that found between Variable domains in Fab immunoglobulin fragments. When compared to the native dimer, more surface area is buried, and more hydrogen bonds and salt bridges are formed between the monomers in the flipped conformation. Conclusions: Immunoglobulin light-chain variable domains can form a minimum of two distinct quaternary structures. Single-site mutations resulting from changes of one base, such as the exchange of Gln38 to Glu or Lys30 to Thr, change the 'conventional' dimer of protein Len to a flipped arrangement. Native Len is not found in the flipped-domain dimer conformation because it would have excess positive electrostatic potential at the dimer interface that is not compensated by other forces. Excess negative or positive electrostatic potential at the dimer interface can have a determining effect on the mode of dimerization. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Mechanist Biol & Biotechnol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schiffer, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Mechanist Biol & Biotechnol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM schiffer@anlcmb.bim.anl.gov FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK43757] NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON W1P 6LB, ENGLAND SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCT FOLD DES JI Struct. Fold. Des. PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 6 IS 8 BP 1067 EP 1073 DI 10.1016/S0969-2126(98)00107-5 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 114FN UT WOS:000075598600012 PM 9739086 ER PT J AU Larsen, FH Jakobsen, HJ Ellis, PD Nielsen, NC AF Larsen, FH Jakobsen, HJ Ellis, PD Nielsen, NC TI Molecular dynamics from H-2 quadrupolar Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill solid-state NMR spectroscopy SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ECHO NMR; ROTATING SOLIDS; LINE-SHAPES; MAS NMR; EXCHANGE; RELAXATION; INVERSION; MOTION AB The H-2 quadrupolar Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (QCPMG) NMR experiment is proposed as a convenient method to obtain detailed information about molecular dynamics in solids. Compared to the quadrupolar-echo (QE) experiment QCPMG offers two advantages. First, a sensitivity enhancement by about an order of magnitude is achieved by splitting the QE spectrum into spin-echo sidebands. Second, the lineshape of the individual sidebands provides detailed information about the molecular dynamics and increases the dynamic range by two orders of magnitude. The H-2 QCPMG method is demonstrated experimentally and numerically using the two-fold flip process in dimethyl sulfone, (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Aarhus Univ, Dept Chem, Instrument Ctr Solid State NMR Spect, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Nielsen, NC (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Chem, Instrument Ctr Solid State NMR Spect, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. RI Larsen, Flemming/A-5255-2015 OI Larsen, Flemming/0000-0001-5180-6870 NR 35 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 6 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1998 VL 292 IS 4-6 BP 467 EP 473 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00777-5 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 112EZ UT WOS:000075482300015 ER PT J AU Aida, M Yamataka, H Dupuis, M AF Aida, M Yamataka, H Dupuis, M TI Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations on the hydrolysis of methyl chloride with explicit consideration of three water molecules SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SELF-CONSISTENT-FIELD; REACTION COORDINATE; PROTON-TRANSFER; CLUSTERS; LI-8 AB Ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed on the hydrolysis of methyl chloride (CH3Cl) with explicit consideration of three water molecules to understand the dynamics of the reaction and the role of solvent molecules in S(N)2 reactions in solution. The simulations clearly showed the existence and dynamical characteristics of two nearly concerted proton transfers involving the attacking water molecule and the solvent water molecules on the way to formation of the products. Observation of these proton transfers points clearly to the need for an explicit quantum chemical treatment of at least a few solvent water molecules to describe methyl chloride solvolysis. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Canc Ctr Res Inst, Div Biophys, Chuo Ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan. Osaka Univ, Inst Sci & Ind Res, Ibaraki, Osaka 5670047, Japan. Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMLS K190, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Aida, M (reprint author), Natl Canc Ctr Res Inst, Div Biophys, Chuo Ku, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Tokyo 1040045, Japan. RI Aida, Misako/D-1670-2010 OI Aida, Misako/0000-0001-8788-1071 NR 23 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1998 VL 292 IS 4-6 BP 474 EP 480 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00706-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 112EZ UT WOS:000075482300016 ER PT J AU Osborn, DL Leahy, DJ Kim, EH de Beer, E Neumark, DM AF Osborn, DL Leahy, DJ Kim, EH de Beer, E Neumark, DM TI Photoelectron spectroscopy of CH3O- and CD3O- SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; VIBRONIC ANALYSIS; METHOXY; DYNAMICS; STATE; JET; PHOTODETACHMENT; SPECTRUM AB The photoelectron spectra of the methoxide anions, CH3O- and CD3O-, have been measured at 8-10 meV resolution. The spectra show resolved vibrational structure corresponding to vibrational levels of the CH3O/CD3O (X) over tilde(E-2) state. These vibrational progressions are assigned to the degenerate nu(5) and nu 6 modes of the methoxy radical; no progressions in the totally symmetric stretch modes are observed. In addition, we obtain refined electron affinities: EA(CH3O)= 1.568 +/- 0.005 and EA(CD3O) = 1.551 +/- 0.005 eV. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Neumark, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Osborn, David/A-2627-2009; Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 22 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1998 VL 292 IS 4-6 BP 651 EP 655 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00717-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 112EZ UT WOS:000075482300044 ER PT J AU Haake, M Goodson, BM Laws, DD Brunner, E Cyrier, MC Havlin, RH Pines, A AF Haake, M Goodson, BM Laws, DD Brunner, E Cyrier, MC Havlin, RH Pines, A TI NMR of supercritical laser-polarized xenon SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; SURFACE NMR; ENHANCEMENT; PRESSURE; XE-129; RELAXATION; RESOLUTION; FLUIDS; GAS AB The feasibility of producing supercritical laser-polarized xenon for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) investigations was studied. Using a high-pressure capillary tube, a supercritical xenon sample (52 degrees C, 65 atm) was produced with a Xe-129 polarization approximately 140 times the equilibrium value. The polarization was observed to last for hundreds of seconds, in agreement with previous studies. These preliminary results suggest that supercritical laser-polarized xenon may be used as a polarizing solvent for numerous NMR applications. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pines, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94550 USA. EM pines@chem.berkerley.edu OI Goodson, Boyd/0000-0001-6079-5077 NR 35 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1998 VL 292 IS 4-6 BP 686 EP 690 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00732-5 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 112EZ UT WOS:000075482300049 ER PT J AU Queisser, HJ Haller, EE AF Queisser, HJ Haller, EE TI Defects in semiconductors: Some fatal, some vital SO SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID DX CENTERS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; NATIVE DEFECTS; GAAS; GERMANIUM; DONOR; SPECTROSCOPY; ALXGA1-XAS; ANTISITE; STATE AB The role of defects as essential entities in semiconductor materials is reviewed. Early experiments with semiconductors were hampered by the extreme sensitivity of the, electronic properties to minute concentrations of impurities. Semiconductors were viewed as a family of solids with irreproducible properties. Scientific efforts overcame this idiosyncrasy and turned the art of impurity doping into today's exceedingly useful and reproducible technology that is used to control precisely electrical conductivity, composition, and minority carrier lifetimes over wide ranges. Native defects such as vacancies and self-interstitials control basic processes, foremost self- and dopant diffusion. The structural properties of dislocations and higher dimensional defects have been studied with atomic resolution, but a thorough theoretical understanding of their electronic properties is incomplete. Reactions between defects within the host Lattices are increasingly better understood and are used for gettering and electrical passivation of unwanted impurities. Metastable defects such as DX centers and the EL2-related arsenic antisite are briefly discussed. The recent development of isotopically controlled semiconductors has created new research opportunities in this field. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Queisser, HJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 43 TC 184 Z9 190 U1 5 U2 88 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 14 PY 1998 VL 281 IS 5379 BP 945 EP 950 DI 10.1126/science.281.5379.945 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 110ZK UT WOS:000075412700035 ER PT J AU Sturchio, NC Antonio, MR Soderholm, L Sutton, SR Brannon, JC AF Sturchio, NC Antonio, MR Soderholm, L Sutton, SR Brannon, JC TI Tetravalent uranium in calcite SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; RADIONUCLIDES AB X-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray fluorescence microprobe studies of 35-million-year-old calcite from a Mississippi Valley-type zinc ore deposit indicate substitution of tetravalent uranium for divalent calcium. Thus, tetravalent uranium has a stable location in calcite deposited under reducing conditions. This result validates uranium-series dating methods (including uranium/lead dating) for ancient calcite and shows that calcite provides a sink for uranium in deep groundwater aquifers and anoxic lacustrine and marine basins. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Consortium Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Sturchio, NC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 26 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 3 U2 28 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 14 PY 1998 VL 281 IS 5379 BP 971 EP 973 DI 10.1126/science.281.5379.971 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 110ZK UT WOS:000075412700040 ER PT J AU Adzic, RR Wang, JX AF Adzic, RR Wang, JX TI Bromide adsorption induced formation of thallium bromide adlayers with varying composition and structure on the Au(111) electrode surface SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID UNDERPOTENTIAL DEPOSITION; METAL MONOLAYER; TL-ADLAYERS; COADSORPTION; COPPER; PT(111); GOLD; RESOLUTION; CHLORIDE; ANIONS AB The underpotential deposition of Tl on Au(111) in 0.1 M HClO4 solution containing 1 mM Tl+ and 1 mM Br- has been investigated by using cyclic voltammetry, in situ X-ray scattering, and rotating disk-ring techniques. Three interesting phenomena for the UPD of metals in the presence of adsorbed anions are reported, viz., (i) an increase of the underpotential shift for deposition of Tl on Au(111) in the presence of Br- in solution, (ii) a formation of two mixed adlayers, surface compounds, with the stoichiometry Tl-Br-2 and Tl-Br, and (iii) an exceptionally complex structural behavior of this system with five ordered phases. Bromide and thallium form incommensurate rotated-hexagonal close-packed phases at ca. 0.85 and -0.3 V, respectively. In the intermediate potential region three mixed phases exist, identified as 3TlBr(2)-(root 13 x root 13), 2TlBr-(3 x root 3), and TlBr-c(p x root 3). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Div Chem Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Adzic, RR (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Div Chem Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011 NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 13 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 33 BP 6305 EP 6308 DI 10.1021/jp980740i PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 112TP UT WOS:000075510500001 ER PT J AU Szymanski, Z Nazarewicz, W AF Szymanski, Z Nazarewicz, W TI Rotating pseudo-oscillator scheme: pseudo-spin symmetry and identical bands SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID SUPERDEFORMED BANDS; DEFORMED-NUCLEI; ATOMIC-NUCLEI; MASS REGION; MEAN-FIELD; MODEL; DEFORMATION; ALIGNMENT; DY-153 AB A simple coupling scheme for rotating nuclei, based on the pseudo-spin symmetry of the nuclear mean field, is proposed. This scheme applies to rotational bands built on natural-parity orbitals carrying aligned pseudo-spin, and can be used to classify intrinsic configurations in a rotating nucleus in terms of quantum numbers of the rotating harmonic oscillator potential. The effect of the shape polarization due to natural-parity orbitals is investigated for some superdeformed bands from the Gd/Dy region. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Szymanski, Z (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 13 PY 1998 VL 433 IS 3-4 BP 229 EP 235 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00601-7 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 112FY UT WOS:000075484500002 ER PT J AU Cho, CY Youngquist, RS Paikoff, SJ Beresini, MH Hebert, AR Berleau, LT Liu, CW Wemmer, DE Keough, T Schultz, PG AF Cho, CY Youngquist, RS Paikoff, SJ Beresini, MH Hebert, AR Berleau, LT Liu, CW Wemmer, DE Keough, T Schultz, PG TI Synthesis and screening of linear and cyclic oligocarbamate libraries. Discovery of high affinity ligands for GPIIb/IIIa SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SOLID-PHASE SYNTHESIS; COMBINATORIAL PEPTIDE LIBRARIES; BIOLOGICALLY-ACTIVE PEPTIDES; GLYCOPROTEIN-IIB-IIIA; DRUG DISCOVERY; UNNATURAL BIOPOLYMER; RGD PEPTIDES; SH3 DOMAIN; CHEMISTRY; DESIGN AB Synthetic methodology has been developed for the generation of large, diverse libraries of "unnatural" carbamate oligomers using the "one bead, one peptide" method. Using a pool of 27 structurally and functionally diverse monomers, one acyclic and two cyclic libraries were synthesized and screened for binding to the integrin GPIIb/IIIa. Several classes of oligocarbamate ligands for GPIlb/IIIa were discovered, and two cyclic ligands have activities that are within a factor of 3 of kistrin, a snake venom protein that effectively inhibits platelet aggregation. Preliminary pharmacokinetic characterization was performed on a-linear oligocarbamate ligand, which was cleared from plasma with a half-life of 3.6 min. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Procter & Gamble Co, Miami Valley Labs, Cincinnati, OH 45253 USA. Genentech Inc, Dept Bioanalyt Technol, S San Francisco, CA USA. Genentech Inc, Dept Metab & Pharmacokinet, S San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schultz, PG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 85 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 12 PY 1998 VL 120 IS 31 BP 7706 EP 7718 DI 10.1021/ja9734399 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 111CQ UT WOS:000075420100006 ER PT J AU Limbach, HH Ulrich, S Grundemann, S Buntkowsky, G Sabo-Etienne, S Chaudret, B Kubas, GJ Eckert, J AF Limbach, HH Ulrich, S Grundemann, S Buntkowsky, G Sabo-Etienne, S Chaudret, B Kubas, GJ Eckert, J TI NMR and INS line shapes of transition metal hydrides in the presence of coherent and incoherent dihydrogen exchange SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Symposium on Hydrogen and Quantum Mechanical Phenomena in the Coordination Sphere of Transition Metals CY DEC 13-15, 1995 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO ID QUANTUM-MECHANICAL EXCHANGE; IRIDIUM TRIHYDRIDE COMPLEXES; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN COMPLEXES; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SOLID-STATE; SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; DYNAMIC NMR; COUPLINGS; TAUTOMERISM AB In this paper a unified description of the effects of the coherent and incoherent dihydrogen exchange on the NMR and INS spectra of transition metal hydrides based on the quantum-mechanical density matrix formalism of Alexander-Binsch is proposed. The dynamic parameters of the line shape analyses are the exchange couplings or rotational tunnel splittings J of the coherent exchange and the rate constants k of the incoherent exchange. As experimental examples, we report the temperature dependent values J and k for 1 equivalent to Cp*RuH3(PCy3) (Cp* equivalent to C-5(CH3)(5) and Cy equivalent to cyclohexyl) including the kinetic HH/HD/DD isotope effects on the incoherent exchange, determined by NMR, and for the tungsten dihydrogen complex 2 equivalent to W(PCy3)(2) (CO)(3)-(eta-H-2), determined by INS. The temperature dependence of J and Ic is interpreted qualitatively in terms of a simple reaction scheme involving at each temperature a ground state and a dominant ro-vibrationally excited state. Using formal kinetics it is shown that a coherent exchange in the excited state contributes to J only if this exchange presents the rate Limiting reaction step, i.e., if vibrational deactivation is fast. This is the case for levels located substantially below the top of the barrier. A very fast coherent exchange of levels located close to the top of the barrier contributes only to k. This result reproduces in a simple way the quantum-mechanical results of Szymanski, S. J. Chem. Phys. 1996, 104, 8216 and Scheurer, C.; Wiedenbruch, R.; Meyer, R.; Ernst, R. R. J. Chern. Phys. 1997, 106, 1. The results concerning the coherent and incoherent exchange processes in 1 and 2 are discussed in terms of the simplified reaction model. C1 Frei Univ Berlin, Inst Organ Chem, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. CNRS, Chim Coordinat Lab, UP 8241, F-31077 Toulouse, France. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Limbach, HH (reprint author), Frei Univ Berlin, Inst Organ Chem, Takustr 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. RI Buntkowsky, Gerd/B-3206-2010; Limbach, Hans-Heinrich/G-8858-2011 OI Buntkowsky, Gerd/0000-0003-1304-9762; Limbach, Hans-Heinrich/0000-0002-2084-6359 NR 83 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 12 PY 1998 VL 120 IS 31 BP 7929 EP 7943 DI 10.1021/ja962903r PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 111CQ UT WOS:000075420100031 ER PT J AU Schneibel, JH Liu, CT Heatherly, L Kramer, MJ AF Schneibel, JH Liu, CT Heatherly, L Kramer, MJ TI Assessment of processing routes and strength of a 3-phase molybdenum boron silicide (Mo5Si3-Mo5SiB2-Mo3Si) (vol 38, pg 1169, 1998) SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Correction C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Schneibel, JH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 11 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 6 BP 831 EP 831 PG 1 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 115PG UT WOS:000075673400024 ER PT J AU Kendelewicz, T Liu, P Brown, GE Nelson, EJ AF Kendelewicz, T Liu, P Brown, GE Nelson, EJ TI Interaction of sodium overlayers with the PbS(100) (galena) surface: evidence for a Na <-> Pb exchange reaction SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alkali metals; atom-solid interactions; low index single crystal surfaces; metal-semiconductor interfaces; semiconducting surfaces; soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; sulphides; surface chemical reaction; surface relaxation and reconstruction; X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection ID INTERFACE FORMATION; ALKALI-METAL; PBTE; PBS; RECONSTRUCTION AB X-ray standing wave (XSW) and core level photoemission methods were used to study the atomic and electronic structure of sodium overlayers on cleaved (100) surfaces of the mineral galena (PbS). Both techniques provide clear evidence of an exchange reaction in which, at least, a portion of the surface lead ions (Pb2+) is replaced by sodium ions (Na+). The replacement results in a new component in the photoemission spectra associated with reduced lead, while a direct change in the lead surface atom position relative to the 200 bulk diffraction planes is observed in the XSW signal. Changes in the surface geometry of sulfur ions are smaller. The interface of the reacted PbS surface is strongly disordered, as indicated by a small coherent fraction (0.37-0.48) for sodium and rapid quenching of the substrate (1 x 1) low energy electron diffraction pattern. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Kendelewicz, T (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM tjk@ee.stanford.edu NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD AUG 11 PY 1998 VL 411 IS 1-2 BP 10 EP 22 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00186-1 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 115FC UT WOS:000075652000016 ER PT J AU Yoon, M Mochrie, SGJ Tate, MW Gruner, SM Eikenberry, EF AF Yoon, M Mochrie, SGJ Tate, MW Gruner, SM Eikenberry, EF TI Periodic faceting of a Si(113) surface miscut towards [1(1)over-bar-0] SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE silicon; stepped single crystal surfaces; surface structure; X-ray scattering, diffraction and reflection ID ORIENTATIONAL PHASE-DIAGRAM; X-RAY-SCATTERING; VICINAL SI(111); TRICRITICALITY; STEPS; RECONSTRUCTION; SEPARATION AB The equilibrium morphology of a Si(113) surface miscut by a polar angle of 1.8 degrees away from the (113) orientation along an azimuth within 3.5 degrees of the [1 (1) over bar 0] direction has been characterized by X-ray scattering for temperatures between 900 and 1450 K. Above 1215 K, a uniformly stepped surface is found. Between 1075 and 1215 K, the surface phase-separates into two coexisting phases of different polar and azimuthal orientations. With decreasing temperature, the phase with the smaller polar angle approaches the (113) orientation, while the other phase exhibits an increasingly large polar angle (up to 9 degrees). The two coexisting phases form a periodic groove structure with periodicity ranging from 740 to 940 Angstrom, depending on the temperature. Below 1075 K, the phase with the larger polar angle further phase-separates into two phases of different azimuth (+/- 17 degrees), resulting in coexistence among three distinct phases. The three coexisting phases form a quasi-periodic array of pyramids. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Yoon, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM yoonm@ornl.gov RI Gruner, Sol/G-2924-2010 OI Gruner, Sol/0000-0002-1171-4426 NR 33 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD AUG 11 PY 1998 VL 411 IS 1-2 BP 70 EP 85 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00333-1 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 115FC UT WOS:000075652000022 ER PT J AU Shi, F Shen, Z Delaney, DW Goldman, AI Jenks, CJ Kramer, MJ Lograsso, T Thiel, PA Van Hove, MA AF Shi, F Shen, Z Delaney, DW Goldman, AI Jenks, CJ Kramer, MJ Lograsso, T Thiel, PA Van Hove, MA TI The surface structure of a beta-Al(Cu1-xFex)-(110) film formed on an AlCuFe quasicrystal substrate, analyzed by dynamical LEED SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alloys; aluminum; low energy electron diffraction (LEED); metallic surfaces ID TENSOR LEED; NIAL(110) SURFACE; PHASE; CO; AL; FE AB In order to understand the unique properties of quasicrystalline surfaces, it is paramount to compare quasicrystalline and crystalline surfaces of similar chemical composition. To that end, the fivefold surface of an AlCuFe quasicrystal substrate was transformed, by ion bombardment and annealing, into a film with the beta-Al(Cu1-xFex) bulk structure. This is a CsCl structure with Fe and Cu atoms randomly occupying the body-center sites, and Al atoms at the corner sites. The film exposes a (110) free surface: its external structure was analyzed by dynamical low-energy electron diffraction in terms of atomic positions and layer-wise composition. The best fit between theory and experiment slightly favors a copper-rich composition in the surface layers (x = 0), although the sensitivity to the value of x is low, because Cu and Fe are very similar electron scatterers. The Al atoms in the surface layer buckle outward by 0.12 +/- 0.04 Angstrom relative to the Cu or Fe atoms in the same layer, while other relaxations from the bulk structure are small. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Thiel, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM thiel@ameslab.gov RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921 NR 29 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD AUG 11 PY 1998 VL 411 IS 1-2 BP 86 EP 98 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00334-3 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 115FC UT WOS:000075652000023 ER PT J AU Baer, R Zeiri, Y Kosloff, R AF Baer, R Zeiri, Y Kosloff, R TI Quantum diffusion of hydrogen and deuterium on nickel (100) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE ab initio quantum chemical methods and calculations; computer simulations; construction and use of effective interatomic interactions; diffusion and migration; hydrogen; low index single crystal surfaces; nickel; single crystal surfaces ID TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; SURFACE-DIFFUSION; MONTE-CARLO; 110 PLANE; NI(100); TUNGSTEN; DYNAMICS; NI(111); RATES; TEMPERATURE AB The diffusion constants of hydrogen and deuterium at low temperature are calculated using the surrogate Hamiltonian method and an embedded atom potential. A comparison with previous experimental and theoretical results is made. A crossover to temperature-independent tunneling occurs at 69 K for hydrogen and at 46 K for deuterium. An inverse isotope effect at intermediate temperatures is found, consistent with experiment. Deviations are found at low temperature where a large isotope effect is calculated. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Nucl Res Ctr Negev, Dept Chem, IL-84190 Beer Sheva, Israel. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Phys Chem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fritz Haber Res Ctr, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Baer, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI zeiri, yehuda/F-3956-2012; Kosloff, Ronnie/D-2388-2013 OI Kosloff, Ronnie/0000-0001-6201-2523 NR 26 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD AUG 11 PY 1998 VL 411 IS 1-2 BP L783 EP L788 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00322-7 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 115FC UT WOS:000075652000001 ER PT J AU Carpinelli, JM Swartzentruber, BS AF Carpinelli, JM Swartzentruber, BS TI Detailed energetic interactions of adsorbed Si dimers on Si(001) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE diffusion and migration; low index single crystal surfaces; scanning tunneling microscopy; silicon; surface defects; surface diffusion ID TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SURFACE-DIFFUSION; AD-DIMERS; NUCLEATION; SI(100) AB We investigated adsorbed Si dimers on Si(001) at similar to 100 degrees C with atom-tracking STM to determine the effect of various local environments on surface dynamics. Specifically, we find an asymmetry in the dimer diffusion along a buckled A-type step. We also measure dimer repulsion and attraction respectively from in-row and adjacent-row vacancy defects. These findings lend insight into the nature of the dimer-substrate bond and defect structure. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Carpinelli, JM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Lab, Surface & Interface Sci MS-1413, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD AUG 11 PY 1998 VL 411 IS 1-2 BP L828 EP L833 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00400-2 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 115FC UT WOS:000075652000008 ER PT J AU Han, K Embury, JD Petrovic, JJ Weatherly, GC AF Han, K Embury, JD Petrovic, JJ Weatherly, GC TI Microstructural aspects of Cu-Ag produced by the Taylor wire method SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID ALLOYS; SYSTEMS; PHASE AB The microstructure and phase transformations of Cu-16 at.% Ag fabricated by the Taylor wire technique of drawing molten metals in a glass tube have been studied. As the diameter of the wire becomes smaller and the cooling rate increases, the scale of the microstructure is refined. Nano-crystals of supersaturated solid solution with a 10 nm grain size were observed when the wire diameter was less than 10 mu m. When the diameter of the wire was larger than 20 mu m, proeutectic Cu and the Cu + Ag eutectic were found. In the region where the Cu-Ag eutectic was formed, a (111) twin orientation relationship was found between Cu and Ag. (C) 1998 Acta Metallurgica Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. McMaster Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada. RP Han, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Mail Stop 765, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 29 TC 32 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 46 IS 13 BP 4691 EP 4699 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00135-9 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 112KN UT WOS:000075494000021 ER PT J AU Subramanian, R Schneibel, JH AF Subramanian, R Schneibel, JH TI The ductile-brittle size transition of iron aluminide ligaments in an FeAl/TiC composite SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; STOICHIOMETRIC FEAL; TENSILE PROPERTIES; AL-ALLOYS; STRENGTH; FLOW; DEFORMATION; MECHANISM AB The fracture surfaces of FeAl/TiC composites containing 70 vol.% TiC were investigated. Since thin iron aluminide ligaments in the composites fractured in a ductile manner, whereas thicker ones fractured by cleavage, a systematic correlation of the fracture mode to the ligament thickness was performed. The results clearly show that FeAl ligaments thicker than about 1-2 mu m fracture by cleavage and those smaller in size fracture predominantly in a ductile manner. The ductile failure mode is attributed to the limited dislocation pile-up distance available for very thin ligaments, which prevents high stresses from building up and eliminates cleavage fracture. It is also shown that the ductile-brittle transition size is controlled by alloying and/or heal treatment. No significant dependence of the fracture toughness on the fracture mode could be found. (C) 1998 Acta Metallurgica Inc. Published bl; Elsevier Science Ltd. Ali rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Schneibel, JH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 53 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 46 IS 13 BP 4733 EP 4741 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00130-X PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 112KN UT WOS:000075494000025 ER PT J AU Dupont, JN Robino, CV Marder, AR AF Dupont, JN Robino, CV Marder, AR TI Modeling solute redistribution and microstructural development in fusion welds of Nb-bearing superalloys SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID SOLIDIFICATION; INCONEL-718 AB Solute redistribution and microstructural evolution have been modeled for gas tungsten are fusion welds in experimental Ni base and Fe base Nb-bearing superalloys. The multi-component alloys were modeled as a ternary system by grouping the matrix (Fe, Ni, Cr) elements together as the "solvent" to form the gamma component of the gamma-Nb-C "ternary system". The variation in fraction liquid and liquid composition during the primary L --> gamma and eutectic type L -->(gamma + NbC) stages of solidification were calculated for conditions of negligible Nb diffusion and infinitely fast C diffusion in the solid phase. The proposed model is based on modifications of solute redistribution equations originally developed by Mehrabian and Flemings. Results of the calculations were superimposed on the pseudo-ternary gamma-Nb-C solidification surfaces to predict the solidification reaction sequences along with the total and individual amounts of gamma/NbC and gamma/Laves eutectic-type constituents which form during solidification. Comparison was made to experimentally measured values, and reasonable agreement was found. The model results permit quantitative interpretations of composition-microstructure relations in these Nb-bearing experimental alloys and should provide useful insight into comparable commercial alloy systems as well. (C) 1998 Acta Metallurgica Inc. Published by Elsevier, Science Ltd. Ali rights reserved. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dupont, JN (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. NR 9 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 46 IS 13 BP 4781 EP 4790 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00123-2 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 112KN UT WOS:000075494000029 ER PT J AU Brundermann, E Haller, EE Muravjov, AV AF Brundermann, E Haller, EE Muravjov, AV TI Terahertz emission of population-inverted hot-holes in single-crystalline silicon SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FAR-INFRARED-EMISSION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; GE; INVERSION AB We report THz emission of hot-holes in p-type silicon doped with a boron acceptor concentration of N-A=1.5x10(15) cm(-3). We apply crossed electric (E) and magnetic (B) fields to the crystal cooled to liquid helium temperature. Optical gain is found for held ratios E/B in the range 0.5-1 kV cm(-1) T-1. We calculate optical gain spectra in Si and identify possible laser transitions. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Phys Microstruct, Nizhnii Novgorod 603600, Russia. RP Brundermann, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Bruendermann, Erik/J-7186-2016 OI Bruendermann, Erik/0000-0003-4119-3489 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 6 BP 723 EP 725 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 109CJ UT WOS:000075303400007 ER PT J AU Liu, G Seurin, JF Chuang, SL Babic, DI Corzine, SW Tan, M Barnes, DC Tiouririne, TN AF Liu, G Seurin, JF Chuang, SL Babic, DI Corzine, SW Tan, M Barnes, DC Tiouririne, TN TI Mode selectivity study of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Mode selectivity of an air-post index-guided vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser structure operating at 1550 nm is investigated using a full-vector Maxwell-equation solver with a finite-difference time-domain method. The resonance wavelengths, quality factors, and spatial field distributions are calculated for the three lowest-order modes. Transverse-mode competition is quantitatively described as a function of the cavity size and the pillar etch depth. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Hewlett Packard Co, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Theoret & Computat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Liu, G (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM s-chuang@uiuc.edu NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 6 BP 726 EP 728 DI 10.1063/1.121981 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 109CJ UT WOS:000075303400008 ER PT J AU Siegal, MP Barbour, JC Provencio, PN Tallant, DR Friedmann, TA AF Siegal, MP Barbour, JC Provencio, PN Tallant, DR Friedmann, TA TI Amorphous-tetrahedral diamondlike carbon layered structures resulting from film growth energetics SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; ARC; ENERGY AB High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) shows that amorphous-tetrahedral diamond like carbon (a-tC) films grown by pulsed-laser deposition on Si(100) consist of three-to-four layers, depending on the growth energetics. We estimate the density of each layer using both HRTEM image contrast and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. The first carbon layer and final surface layer have relatively low density. The bulk of the film between these two layers has higher density. For films grown under the most energetic conditions, there exists a superdense a-tC layer between the interface and bulk layers. The density of all four layers, and the thickness of the surface and interfacial layers, correlate well with the energetics of the depositing carbon species. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Siegal, MP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 24 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 6 BP 759 EP 761 DI 10.1063/1.121992 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 109CJ UT WOS:000075303400019 ER PT J AU Han, JH Shin, MC Kang, SH Morris, JW AF Han, JH Shin, MC Kang, SH Morris, JW TI Effects of precipitate distribution on electromigration in Al-Cu thin-film interconnects SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RELIABILITY AB This letter reports that electromigration lifetimes of Al-2Cu (wt. %) thin-film conducting lines increase by more than three times when the lines are optimally aged to facilitate finely dispersed Al2Cu precipitates in the interior of the grains. In contrast to other studies which did not report a beneficial aging effect for AI-Cu films, the present work substantiates the fact that proper control of Al2Cu precipitates improves resistance to electromigration failure. However, the benefit of aging the Al-2Cu lines investigated here was less pronounced and confined to a more narrow heat-treatment "window" than that previously found for the Al-2Cu-1Si lines. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Div Met, Seoul 136791, South Korea. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Adv Mat, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Han, JH (reprint author), Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Div Met, Seoul 136791, South Korea. NR 12 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 6 BP 762 EP 764 DI 10.1063/1.121993 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 109CJ UT WOS:000075303400020 ER PT J AU Owen, JM Weinberg, DH Evrard, AE Hernquist, L Katz, N AF Owen, JM Weinberg, DH Evrard, AE Hernquist, L Katz, N TI Cosmological simulations with scale-free initial conditions. I. Adiabatic hydrodynamics SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : theory; hydrodynamics; large-scale structure of universe; methods : numerical ID EINSTEIN-DESITTER UNIVERSE; X-RAY-CLUSTERS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; EXPANDING UNIVERSE; RICH CLUSTERS; DARK-MATTER; GALAXIES; MASS; EVOLUTION; GAS AB We analyze hierarchical structure formation based on scale-free initial conditions in an Einstein-de Sitter universe, including a baryonic component with Omega(bary) = 0.05. We present three independent, smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations, performed at two resolutions (32(3) and 64(3) dark matter and baryonic particles) and with two different SPH codes (TreeSPH and P3MSPH). Each simulation is based on identical initial conditions, which consist of Gaussian-distributed initial density fluctuations that have a power spectrum P(k) proportional to k(-1). The baryonic material is modeled as an ideal gas subject only to shock heating and adiabatic heating and cooling; radiative cooling and photoionization heating are not included. The evolution is expected to be self-similar in time, and under certain restrictions we identify the expected scalings for many properties of the distribution of collapsed objects in all three realizations. The distributions of dark matter masses, baryon masses, and mass- and emission-weighted temperatures scale quite reliably. However, the density estimates in the central regions of these structures are determined by the degree of numerical resolution. As a result, mean gas densities and Bremsstrahlung luminosities obey the expected scalings only when calculated within a limited dynamic range in density contrast. The temperatures and luminosities of the groups show tight correlations with the baryon masses, which we find can be well represented by power laws. The Press-Schechter (PS) approximation predicts the distribution of group dark matter and baryon masses fairly well, though it tends to overestimate the baryon masses. Combining the PS mass distribution with the measured relations for T(M) and L(M) predicts the temperature and luminosity distributions fairly accurately, though there are some discrepancies at high temperatures/luminosities. In general the three simulations agree well for the properties of resolved groups, where a group is considered resolved if it contains more than 32 particles. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys & Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Inst Astrophys, F-75014 Paris, France. RP Owen, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-16, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM mikeowen@llnl.gov; dhw@astronomy.ohio-state.edu; evrard@umich.edu; lars@ucolick.org; nsk@kaka.phast.umass.edu OI Evrard, August/0000-0002-4876-956X NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 503 IS 1 BP 16 EP 36 DI 10.1086/305957 PN 1 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 152KK UT WOS:000077776400002 ER PT J AU Hix, WR Khokhlov, AM Wheeler, JC Thielemann, FK AF Hix, WR Khokhlov, AM Wheeler, JC Thielemann, FK TI The quasi-equilibrium-reduced alpha-network SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods : numerical; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; stars : evolution; supernovae : general ID SILICON AB An examination of the process of silicon burning, the burning stage that leads to the production of the iron peak nuclei, reveals that the nuclear evolution is dominated by large groups of nuclei in mutual equilibrium. These quasi-equilibrium (QSE) groups form well in advance of the global nuclear statistical equilibrium (NSE). We present an improved "minimal" nuclear network, which takes advantage of QSE in order to calculate the nuclear evolution and energy generation while further reducing the computational cost compared with a conventional alpha-chain network. During silicon burning the resultant QSE-reduced alpha-network is twice as fast as the full alpha-network it replaces and requires the tracking of only half as many abundance variables, without significant loss of accuracy. When the QSE-reduced alpha-network is used in combination with a conventional alpha-network stretching from He to Si, the combined network, which we call the alpha 7 network, provides an accurate approximation for all of the burning stages from He burning to NSE, while tracking only seven abundances. These reductions in computational cost and the number of species evolved make the alpha 7 network well suited for inclusion within hydrodynamic simulations, particularly those in multidimension. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Naval Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC USA. Univ Basel, Dept Phys & Astron, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. RP Hix, WR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Hix, William/E-7896-2011 OI Hix, William/0000-0002-9481-9126 NR 12 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 503 IS 1 BP 332 EP 343 DI 10.1086/305968 PN 1 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 152KK UT WOS:000077776400028 ER PT J AU De Propris, R Eisenhardt, PR Stanford, SA Dickinson, M AF De Propris, R Eisenhardt, PR Stanford, SA Dickinson, M TI The infrared luminosity function of galaxies in the Coma Cluster SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : luminosity function, mass function; galaxies : clusters : individual (Coma) ID DWARF GALAXIES; FORNAX CLUSTER; POPULATION; MAGNITUDE; EVOLUTION; CATALOG; SAMPLE; FIELD; CORE AB An infrared survey of the central 650 arcmin(2) of the Coma Cluster is used to determine the H-band luminosity function for the cluster. Redshifts are available for all galaxies in the survey with H < 14.5, and for this sample we obtain a good fit to a Schechter function with H* = 11.13 and alpha = -0.78. These luminosity function parameters ale similar to those measured for field galaxies in the infrared, which is surprising considering the very different environmental densities and, presumably, merger histories for field galaxies. For fainter galaxies, we use two independent techniques to correct for field galaxy contamination in the cluster population: the B - R color-magnitude relation and an estimate for the level of background and foreground contamination from the literature. Using either method, we find a steep upturn for galaxies with 14 < H < 16, with slope alpha similar or equal to -1.7. C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP De Propris, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 169-327, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM propris@coma.jpl.nasa.gov; prme@kromos.jpl.nasa.gov; adam@igpp.llnl.gov; med@stsci.edu NR 40 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 503 IS 1 BP L45 EP L48 DI 10.1086/311531 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 152KL UT WOS:000077776500011 ER PT J AU Huang, DP Corbett, JD AF Huang, DP Corbett, JD TI A(5)TaAs(4)Tl(2) (A = Rb, K). Transition-metal zintl phases with a novel complex ion: Synthesis, structure, and bonding SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CLUSTER; CS AB Reactions of the Rb-Tl-As system near 500 degrees C in tantalum containers always lead to the formation of Rb5TaAs4Tl2 because of reactions with the container wall. On-stoichiometry reactions of these three elements in Ta, or of the four components in SiO2, afford the pure compound. Rb5TaAs4Tl2 crystallizes in orthorhombic system, space group Pnma (No. 62), Z = 4, a = 19.196(5) Angstrom, b = 11.104(3) Angstrom, c = 7.894(4) Angstrom. The isostructural K5TaAs4Tl2 also exists. The main structural feature is the closed-shell polyanion TaAs4Tl25- which can be viewed as the result of a reaction of a TaAs47- tetrahedron with two Tl+ so as to bridge opposed edges of the farmer. EHMO calculations for TaAs47- (T-d) and TaAs4Tl25- (D-2h) demonstrate the character of the bonding of Tl s and p to the electron-rich As. Two kinds of multicentered bonds are evident: pi(perpendicular to) and sigma plus pi(\\) in the plane of the TlAs2Ta portions and 5c-4e d-p bonds within TaAs4. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Corbett, JD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 16 BP 4006 EP 4010 DI 10.1021/ic9802395 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 110GE UT WOS:000075371200016 ER PT J AU McKee, SD Burns, CJ Avens, LR AF McKee, SD Burns, CJ Avens, LR TI Halide effects in the synthesis of mixed uranium(IV) aryloxide-halide compounds SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; VALENT ORGANOURANIUM COMPLEXES; ORGANO-METALLIC COMPOUNDS; LEWIS BASE ADDUCTS; ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY; ALKOXIDE CHEMISTRY; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; THORIUM; TETRAHYDROFURAN; PRECURSORS AB Several uranium(IV) aryloxide and mixed aryloxide-halide compounds of the formula UX4-z(OAr)(z) (X = Cl, Br, I; OAr = 2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxide; z = 2, 3, 4) have been prepared by the reaction of KOAr with the appropriate uranium tetrahalide in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The complex UI4(CH3CN)(4) reacts with 2 equiv of KOAr in THF to yield the compound I2U(OAr)(2) (1). The utility of this reaction is Limited by the instability of UI4(CH3CN)(4) in THF, however, and isolated yields of the THF adduct of 1 do not exceed 50%, In contrast, UBr4(CH3CN)(4) is stable in THF solution and reacts with 2 equiv of KOAr to yield the dibromide, Br2U(OAr)(2)(THF) (4 . THF), in 77% yield. Under identical reaction conditions, UCl4 reacts to yield the complex [K(THF)(4)][UCl3(OAr)(2)] (5) in 68% yield. The uranium center in compound 5 is coordinated by two trans aryloxide ligands and three chloride ligands in a trigonal bipyramidal arrangement. Two chloride ligands of each unit are also coordinated to a potassium ion, forming an infinite chain in the lattice. Compounds 1 and 5 will further react with 1 equiv of KOAr to yield the compounds XU(OAr)(3) (2, X = I; 6, X = Cl). Both UI4(CH3CN)(4) and UCl4 will react with a 4.2 equiv of KOAr to yield the previously characterized compound U(OAr)(4) (3). The stability of the mixed aryloxide-halide uranium complexes toward ligand redistribution reactions has been investigated. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Burns, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, CST-18,Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 16 BP 4040 EP 4045 DI 10.1021/ic9803309 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 110GE UT WOS:000075371200021 ER PT J AU Vu, HX AF Vu, HX TI A massively parallel three-dimensional hybrid code for simulating ion-driven parametric instabilities SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE massively parallel; three-dimensional; particle-in-cell; parametric in stabilities; laser-produced plasmas; stimulated Brillouin scattering ID ELECTROMAGNETIC PLASMA SIMULATION; PARTICLE SIMULATION; IMPLICIT; FREQUENCY; WAVES; MODEL AB A massively parallel three-dimensional hybrid particle-in-cell (PIC) code, implemented on the CRAY-T3D, is presented. The code is based on a physical model described in a previous report where the electrons are modeled as an adiabatic fluid with an arbitrary ratio of specific heats gamma and the electromagnetic field model is based on a temporal Wentzel-Krammers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation. On a CRAY-T3D with 512 processors, the code requires about 0.6 mu s/particle/time step. The largest test problem performed with this code consists of a computational mesh of 4096 x 64 x 64 (16 million) cells, a total of 256 million particles, and corresponds to a plasma volume of 50 mu m x 20 mu m x 20 mu m (:approximately 150 lambda x 60 lambda x 60 lambda, where lambda is the laser's vacuum wavelength). We believe this code is the first PIC computational tool capable of simulating low-frequency ion-driven parametric instabilities in a large, three-dimensional plasma volume and offers a unique opportunity for examining issues that are potentially vital to inertial confinement fusion (ICF), e.g., nonlinear ion kinetic effects and their role in nonlinear saturation mechanisms in three dimensions. Test simulations of the self-focusing (SF) instability and of the self-focusing-induced deflection of a laser beam are presented. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Theoret & Computat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vu, HX (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Theoret & Computat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 144 IS 2 BP 257 EP 279 DI 10.1006/jcph.1998.5803 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 110MX UT WOS:000075385900002 ER PT J AU Brydon, D Pearson, J Marder, M AF Brydon, D Pearson, J Marder, M TI Solving stiff differential equations with the method of patches SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; FLUID-DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB We introduce a new method for solving very stiff sets of ordinary differential equations. The basic idea is to replace the original nanlinear equations with a set of equally stiff equations that are piecewise Linear, and therefore can be solved exactly. We demonstrate the value of the method on small systems of equations for which some other methods are inefficient or produce spurious solutions, estimate error bounds, and discuss extensions of the method to larger systems of equations and to partial differential equations. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Dynam, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Brydon, D (reprint author), Univ Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Dynam, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 144 IS 2 BP 280 EP 298 DI 10.1006/jcph.1998.6008 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 110MX UT WOS:000075385900003 ER PT J AU Bateson, WB Hewett, DW AF Bateson, WB Hewett, DW TI Grid and particle hydrodynamics: Beyond hydrodynamics via fluid element particle-in-cell SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION; FIELD; CODE AB A new plasma/fluid transport algorithm is presented that combines and retains the strengths of the particle and hydrodynamic methods. By including internal velocity characteristics of real particles within each finite size macro-particle (FSP), a redundancy is introduced in the representation of the real par-tide distribution that is recovered by the superposition of these macro-particles. This redundancy is exploited by merging particles that sufficiently overlap in parameter space. The internal velocity distribution is exploited by allowing the distribution within each FSP to evolve hydrodynamically, In turn the evolution establishes the partitioning of moments into central and expansion particles, Such aggressive increases in the number of individual FSPs probe for emerging features. If interesting features fail to materialize, aggressive merging provides particle economy. The objective is to economically recover details of the particle distribution necessary for accurate collisions. GaPH promises to accomplish this mission without squandering computational resources in uninteresting regions of phase space. This paper reports collisionless GaPH test results that compare well with analytic solutions that initially contain large gradients. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Bateson, WB (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 144 IS 2 BP 358 EP 378 DI 10.1006/jcph.1997.5824 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 110MX UT WOS:000075385900006 ER PT J AU Gajewski, DA Dilley, NR Bauer, ED Freeman, EJ Chau, R Maple, MB Mandrus, D Sales, BC Lacerda, AH AF Gajewski, DA Dilley, NR Bauer, ED Freeman, EJ Chau, R Maple, MB Mandrus, D Sales, BC Lacerda, AH TI Heavy fermion behaviour of the cerium-filled skutterudites CeFe4Sb12 and Ce0.9Fe3CoSb12 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID THERMOELECTRIC-MATERIALS; ALKALINE-EARTH; ANTIMONIDES; LAFE4P12 AB The low temperature properties of polycrystalline samples of the filled skutterudites CeFe4Sb12, Ce0.9Fe3CoSb12 and La0.9Fe3CoSb12, as well as the unfilled skutterudites Fe0.05C0.95Sb3 and CoSb3, have been investigated by means of electrical resistivity, specific heat and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The resistivity of CeFe4Sb12 exhibits a rather abrupt drop-off with decreasing temperature near 100 K; this drop-off temperature increases with increasing applied hydrostatic pressure, which is reminiscent of the onset of coherence in so-called Kondo lattice materials. The compounds CeFe4Sb12 and Ce0.9Fe3CoSb12 exhibit values of the electronic specific heat coefficient and Pauli susceptibility at low temperature which are enhanced over those of the lanthanum-filled and unfilled skutterudites. These quantities yield a Wilson ratio of order unity, which indicates that they both correspond to the properties of itinerant electrons. These transport, magnetic and thermodynamic properties suggest a moderately heavy fermion ground state in CeFe4Sb12 and Ce0.9Fe3CoSb12. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Pure & Appl Phys Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gajewski, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, 0360,9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 NR 17 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 2 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 10 IS 31 BP 6973 EP 6985 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/10/31/013 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 110YD UT WOS:000075408400013 ER PT J AU Wells, JD AF Wells, JD TI The importance of tau leptons for supersymmetry searches at the Tevatron SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID FERMILAB TEVATRON; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; COLLIDERS; MODEL AB Supersymmetry is perhaps most effectively probed at the Tevatron through production and decay of weak gauginos. Most of the analyses of weak gaugino observables require electrons or muons in the final state. However, it is possible that the gauginos will decay primarily to tau leptons, thus complicating the search for supersymmetry. The motivating reasons for high tau multiplicity final states are discussed in three approaches to supersymmetry model building: minimal supergravity, minimal gauge mediated supersymmetry, and more minimal supersymmetry. The concept of "e/mu/tau candidate" is introduced, and an observable with three e/mu/tau candidates is defined in analog to the trilepton observable. The maximum mass reach for supersymmetry is then estimated when gaugino decays to tau leptons have full branching fraction. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Wells, JD (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 13 IS 24 BP 1923 EP 1930 DI 10.1142/S0217732398002035 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 113FH UT WOS:000075539400002 ER PT J AU Sakaguchi, A AF Sakaguchi, A CA NA44 Collaboration TI One-, two- and three-particle hadron spectra - Recent results from CERN/SPS experiment NA44 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; DEUTERON PRODUCTION; MID-RAPIDITY; PION SOURCE; INTERFEROMETRY; DEPENDENCE; DISTRIBUTIONS; SPS; EXPANSION AB Recent results of analyses on hadron spectra from the focusing spectrometer experiment NA44 are presented. One-, two- and three-particle hadron spectra in the mid-rapidity region at CERN/SPS energy have been measured. The m(T) inverse-slopes of proton and anti-proton in collision systems from p+A to Pbi-Pb are discussed. Spectra of deuteron, triton and anti-deuteron are presented, and the flow effect on the composite particle spectra are discussed. The two-particle interferometry analysis is made for the pi(+/-)pi(+/-) and K+K+ correlations in the central Pb+Pb collisions, and the dependences of interferometric parameters on the transverse mass and the multiplicity are discussed. C1 Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan. LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. SUNY, Albany, NY USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. BNL, Upton, NY USA. RP Sakaguchi, A (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan. EM sakaguch@phys.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 103C EP 114C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00403-5 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400013 ER PT J AU Odyniec, GJ AF Odyniec, GJ TI Strangeness production in relativistic nuclear collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; 200A GEV; ENHANCEMENT; SUPPRESSION; ENERGIES; MODEL AB A review of strange particle production in heavy ion collisions from AGS to SPS energies is presented. Implications of the newest developments in understanding the collision dynamics and the role of strange particle production in the search for a new phase of matter; in both experimental and theoretical sectors, are discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Odyniec, GJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM G_ODYNIEC@LBL.GOV NR 51 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 135C EP 146C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00408-4 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400016 ER PT J AU Wyslouch, B AF Wyslouch, B CA WA98 Collaboration TI Recent results on Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV from the WA98 experiment at CERN SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; ENERGY NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; PHOTONS; PROBES AB We present recent results obtained with the WA98 experiment at CERN SPS. The experiment consists of large acceptance hadron and photon spectrometers which allow to study many aspects of heavy ion collisions. We use event-by-event measurements of charged and neutral particle multiplicity to establish the limit on the prodution of Disoriented Chiral Condensates. We use the Plastic Ball detector together with a set of tracking chambers to study collective flow. The tracking chambers together with the excellent particle identification allow us to study the production of Delta(++). The high resolution photon calorimeter array allows us to study inclusive photon and pi(0) spectra and search for excess direct photons. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Calcutta 700064, W Bengal, India. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. RRC Kurchatov, RU-123182 Moscow, Russia. Joint Nucl Res Inst, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Univ Munster, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Ecole Mines, SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Gesell Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64220 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Utrecht, NIKHEF, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands. Lund Univ, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Nucl Res Inst, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. Univ Groningen, KVI, NL-9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA. RP Wyslouch, B (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM Wyslouch@mit.edu OI Vos, Marcel/0000-0001-8474-5357 NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 147C EP 158C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00409-6 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400017 ER PT J AU Pang, Y AF Pang, Y TI Event generator overview SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; MONTE-CARLO; HADRONIC-INTERACTIONS; AA COLLISIONS; HIGH-ENERGIES; MODEL; CASCADE; DYNAMICS; PA AB Due to their ability to provide detailed and quantitative predictions, the event generators have become an important part of studying relativistic heavy ion physics and of designing future experiments. In this talk, I will briefly summarize recent progress in developing event generators for the relativistic heavy ion collisions. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Pang, Y (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM pang@rhic.phys.columbia.edu NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 219C EP 230C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00415-1 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400023 ER PT J AU Glendenning, NK AF Glendenning, NK TI Pulsar signal of deconfinement SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID STARS AB A solitary millisecond pulsar, if near the mass limit, and undergoing a phase transition, either first or second order, provided the transition is to a substantially more compressible phase, will emit a blatantly obvious signal-spontaneous spin-up, Normally a pulsar spins down by angular momentum loss to radiation. The signal is trivial to detect and is estimated to be "on" for 1/50 of the spin-down era of millisecond pulsars. Presently about 25 solitary millisecond pulsars are known. The phenomenon is analogous to "backbending" observed in high spin nuclei in the 1970's. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Inst Nucl & Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Glendenning, NK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS 70A-3307, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 239C EP 248C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00355-8 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400025 ER PT J AU Kharzeev, D AF Kharzeev, D TI Theoretical interpretations of J/psi suppression: A summary SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; J-PSI-SUPPRESSION; NON-TOPOLOGICAL SOLITONS; HADRONIC MATTER; CHARMONIUM SUPPRESSION; PB COLLISIONS; PHOTOPRODUCTION; ANNIHILATION AB The strong "anomalous" J/psi suppression observed recently by the NA50 Collaboration at CERN SPS has attracted considerable attention. Is it the first signature of a long-awaited quark-gluon plasma, or just a peculiar combination of "conventional" effects acting together to produce the puzzling pattern observed experimentally? This talk is an attempt to summarize the theoretical explanations proposed during the last two years. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kharzeev, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 66 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 279C EP 290C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00366-2 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400028 ER PT J AU Wang, XN AF Wang, XN TI Highlight of the parallel session on QCD SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID HADRONIC SCATTERING; POWER CORRECTIONS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; EQUILIBRATION; COLLISIONS AB I will give a critical review of the parallel session on QCD and the related talks in the Quark Matter'97 meeting. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, XN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS 70A-3307, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 379C EP 384C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00387-X PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400038 ER PT J AU Vance, SE Gyulassy, M Wang, XN AF Vance, SE Gyulassy, M Wang, XN TI Baryon junction stopping at the SPS and RHIC via HIJING/B SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID COLLISIONS; MODEL; ENERGIES; NUCLEON; NUMBER AB Baryon stopping at the SPS and RHIC energies is calculated by introducing a new baryon junction mechanism into HIJING. The exchange of a baryon junction, according to Regge phenomenology, leads to a cosh[(y - y(CM))/2] rapidity dependence and all 1/(4)root s energy dependence of the inclusive baryon cross section. This baryon junction dynamics also leads naturally to enhanced p(T) broadening in pA and AA together with enhanced mid-rapidity hyperon production. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vance, SE (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM svance@nt1.phys.columbia.edu; gyulassy@ntl.phys.columbia.edu; fqwang@1bl.gov NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 395C EP 398C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00394-7 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400041 ER PT J AU Seto, R AF Seto, R CA E917 Collaboration TI An excitation function at the AGS: E917 - Probing the dynamics of heavy ion collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA AB Particle yields and spectra for kaons, pions and protons have been measured as a function of beam energy in Au-Au collisions at the AGS. The energy dependence of the yields indicates that increased beam energy leads primarily to an increase in particle production with a slight increase in transverse momentum. The measured < m(T) > distributions have been fit to a simple model which assumes a thermal distribution with an additional term proportional to the particle mass. This additional term can be attributed to collective expansion. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Seto, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM richard.seto@UCR.EDU RI seto, richard/G-8467-2011; Cumming, James/I-3358-2013; OI Cumming, James/0000-0001-6930-0958; Ogilvie, Craig/0000-0002-5188-5123; Holzman, Burt/0000-0001-5235-6314; Chang, Wen-Chen/0000-0002-1695-7830 NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 407C EP 410C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00399-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400044 ER PT J AU Kaneta, M AF Kaneta, M CA NA44 Collaboration TI Kaon and proton ratios from central Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN SPS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; FREEZE-OUT; EQUILIBRATION; STRANGENESS AB K-/K+ and (p) over bar/p ratios measured in 158 A.GeV Pb+Pb collisions are shown as a function of transverse momentum P-T and centrality in top 8.5% central region. Little centrality dependence of the K-/K+ and (p) over bar/p ratios is observed. The transverse mass m(T) distribution anti dN/dy of K+, K-, p and (p) over bar around mid-rapidity are obtained. The temperature T-ch and the chemical potentials for both light and strange quarks (mu(q),mu(s)) at chemical freeze-out are determined by applying simple thermodynamical model to the present data. The resultant mu(q),mu(s) and T-ch are compared with those obtained from similar analysis of SPS S+A and AGS Si+A data. The chemical freeze-out temperature T-ch at CERN energies is higher than thermal freeze-out temperature T-fo which is extracted from m(T) distribution of charged hadrons. At AGS energies T-ch is close to T-fo. C1 Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys, Higashihiroshima 7390046, Japan. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France. Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima 730, Japan. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. RP Kaneta, M (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys, Kagamiyama 1-3-1, Higashihiroshima 7390046, Japan. OI Gaardhoje, Jens-Jorgen/0000-0001-6122-4698 NR 8 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 419C EP 422C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00340-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400047 ER PT J AU Randrup, J AF Randrup, J TI Transport treatment of DCC dynamics SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID LINEAR SIGMA-MODEL AB The field dynamics given by the linear a model is recast in terms of medium-dependent quasi-particles moving consistently with the evolving local order parameter, yielding a transport framework that is more suitable for simulations of realistic collision scenarios. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Randrup, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 439C EP 442C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00354-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400052 ER PT J AU Koch, V Randrup, J Wang, XN Kluger, Y AF Koch, V Randrup, J Wang, XN Kluger, Y TI Dileptons from disoriented chiral condensates SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID COLLISIONS; DCC AB Disoriented chiral condensates are manifested as long-wavelength pionic oscillations and their interaction with the thermal environment can be a significant source of dileptons. We calculate the yield of such dilepton production within the linear sigma model. We find that the dilepton yield with invariant mass near and below 2m(pi) due to the soft pion modes can be up to two orders of magnitude larger than the corresponding equilibrium yield. We conclude with a discussion on how this enhancement can be detected by present dilepton experiments. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Koch, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 447C EP 450C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00362-5 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400054 ER PT J AU Liu, H AF Liu, H CA E895 Collaboration TI Collective flow in Au+Au collisions between 2-8A GeV at AGS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; SIGNATURE AB The E895 collaboration has undertaken a systematic and exclusive study of Au+Au collisions between 2-8A GeV. We present preliminary results on collective flow observables as a function of beam energy. Data are compared with theoretical predictions. C1 Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Purdue, W Lafayette, IN USA. CMU, Geneva, Switzerland. BNL, Upton, NY USA. Columbia, New York, NY 10027 USA. Harbin Inst Technol, Harbin, Peoples R China. St Marys, Auckland, New Zealand. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liu, H (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. NR 12 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 451C EP 454C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00365-0 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400055 ER PT J AU Voloshin, SA AF Voloshin, SA CA E877 Collaboration TI Anisotropic flow of identified particles in Au+Au collisions at AGS energy SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA AB Anisotropic flow of protons, pi(+/-), K+, deuterons, tritons, He-3, and He-4 is analyzed as a function of transverse momentum for different centralities of the collision. C1 Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. BNL, Upton, NY USA. GSI Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. INEL, Idaho Falls, ID USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Voloshin, SA (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, Philosophenweg 12, Heidelberg, Germany. RI Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; OI Chang, Wen-Chen/0000-0002-1695-7830 NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 455C EP 458C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00369-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400056 ER PT J AU Nishimura, S AF Nishimura, S CA WA98 Collaboration TI Collective flow in 158AGeV Pb+Pb collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS AB Anisotropic transverse flow has been studied with a magnetic spectrometer at mid-rapidity and the Plastic Ball detector at target rapidity in the WA98 experiment. Our preliminary results show the existence of directed and elliptic flow in semi-central Pb+Pb collisions. The magnitude of the directed flow is found to be significantly smaller than those observed at the AGS energies. C1 Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Kurchatov, Moscow, Russia. JINR Dubna, Dubna, Russia. ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180004, India. Univ Munster, Munster, Germany. GSI Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. NIKHEF H, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Lund, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. NPI, Prague, Czech Republic. KVI, Groningen, Netherlands. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Nishimura, S (reprint author), Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 459C EP 462C PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400057 ER PT J AU Poskanzer, AM AF Poskanzer, AM CA NA49 Collaboration TI Directed and elliptic flow in 158 GeV/nucleon Pb+Pb collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA AB The directed and elliptic flow of protons and charged pions has been observed from the semi-central collisions of a 158 GeV/nucleon Pb beam with a Pb target. The rapidity and transverse momentum dependence of the flow has been measured. The directed flow of the pions is opposite to that of the protons at high rapidity but both exhibit negative flow at low p(t). The elliptic flow of both is fairly independent of rapidity but rises with p(t). C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Poskanzer, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 3 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 463C EP 466C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00379-0 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400058 ER PT J AU Porter, RJ Beedoe, S Bossingham, R Bougteb, M Christie, WB Hallman, T Huang, HZ Igo, G Kirk, P Krebs, G Letessier-Selvon, A Madansky, L Manso, F Matis, HS Miller, J Naudet, C Prunet, M Roche, G Schroeder, LS Seidl, P Wang, ZF Welsh, RC Wilson, WK Yegneswaran, A AF Porter, RJ Beedoe, S Bossingham, R Bougteb, M Christie, WB Hallman, T Huang, HZ Igo, G Kirk, P Krebs, G Letessier-Selvon, A Madansky, L Manso, F Matis, HS Miller, J Naudet, C Prunet, M Roche, G Schroeder, LS Seidl, P Wang, ZF Welsh, RC Wilson, WK Yegneswaran, A TI Dielectron production in A-A reactions at 1.0 A center dot GeV SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID HEAVY-ION REACTIONS; NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; CA+CA COLLISIONS; ENERGIES; ETA AB Measured dielectron cross sections from Ca+Ca, C+C, He+Ca, and d+Ca reactions at 1.0 A.GeV are presented. The invariant mass spectrum from Ca+Ca collisions is discussed and compared with results from model calculations. The four A-A measurements are used to explore the physics content of the e(+)e(-) signal that is not explained by the models. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Blaise Pascal, IN2P3, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. RP Porter, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 499C EP 502C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00341-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400067 ER PT J AU Spieles, C Gerland, L Hammon, N Bleicher, M Bass, SA Stocker, H Greiner, W Lourenco, C Vogt, R AF Spieles, C Gerland, L Hammon, N Bleicher, M Bass, SA Stocker, H Greiner, W Lourenco, C Vogt, R TI Intermediate mass dileptons from secondary Drell-Yan processes SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID COLLISIONS AB Recent reports on enhancements of intermediate and high mass muon pairs produced in heavy ion collisions have attracted much attention. To gain a better understanding of the content of the dilepton continuum, we study Drell-Yan production from secondary hadron interactions in nucleus-nucleus collisions. We show that meson-baryon interactions can be an important source of m similar to 2 GeV dileptons. We also discuss the effects of preresonance parton collisions. C1 Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. CERN, PPE, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. LBNL, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Spieles, C (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. EM spiels@th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de; hammon@th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de; bleicher@th.physik.uni-frankfurt; CARLOS.LOURENCO@CERN.CH; vogt@LBL.GOV RI Bleicher, Marcus/A-2758-2010; Stoecker, Horst/D-6173-2013 OI Stoecker, Horst/0000-0002-3282-3664 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 507C EP 510C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00345-5 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400069 ER PT J AU Vogt, R AF Vogt, R TI What causes psi suppression in Pb+Pb collisions? SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; CHARMONIUM SUPPRESSION; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; GAUGE-THEORY; J/PSI; LHC AB A reexamination of hadronic comover scattering indicates that this mechanism cannot explain the observed psi suppression in Pb+Pb interactions. The possibility of quark-gluon plasma formation is therefore considered. Implications for RHIC and LHC are also discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Vogt, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vogt@LBL.GOV NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 543C EP 546C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00370-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400078 ER PT J AU Geiger, K AF Geiger, K TI Parton cascade description of heavy-ion collisions at CERN SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA AB There seems to be a general consensus now that a first glimpse of a QGP-like effect has become visible in the beautiful NA50 data on J/psi production and the 'anomalous supression' phenomenon. On the other hand, it is still widely believed that the dynamics of heavy-ion collisions at CERN SPS energy is predominantly governed by soft, non-perturbative physics. This is ironic: after all, it is unlikely that a QGP could be formed if the underlying dynamics were essentially soft, rather than that it requires intense quark-gluon production with sufficient cascade-like reinteractions which drive the matter to large density and equilibrium. Therefore, I advocate in this contribution that for ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions a description based on the pQCD interactions and cascade evolution of involved partons can and should be used, owing to the claim that short-range parton interactions play an important role at sufficiently high beam energies, including CERN energy root s similar or equal to 20 A GeV. Here mini-jet production which liberates of quarks and gluons cannot be considered as an isolated rare phenomenon, but can occur quite copiously and may lead to complex multiple cascade-type processes. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Geiger, K (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 551C EP 554C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00377-7 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400080 ER PT J AU Wieman, H Adams, DL Added, N Agakishiev, H Akimenko, SA Aluyshin, A Aluyshin, M Amelin, N Anderson, B Anderson, G Aprahamian, A Arestov, YI Aslanyan, P Avdeichikov, V Averichev, G Bacher, A Badalian, R Baldwin, A Barish, K Batourine, V Belikov, NI Bellwied, R Belousov, V Bennett, S Best, D Bichsel, H Bielecki, J Bieser, F Biswas, NN Bland, L Blyth, C Bonner, BE Bossingham, R Brady, FP Braithwaite, W Brown, C Brown, RL Budilov, V Caines, H Cameron, J Carlin, N Carroll, J Cebra, D Chalyguine, A Chance, J Chen, W Chernenko, S Cherney, M Chikanian, A Chrin, J Christie, W Chujko, B Consiglio, C Cooper, G Cormier, TM Cramer, J Crawford, HJ Davidenko, AM Das, A Dawson, JW Dereschikov, AA DeWeerd, A Didenko, L Dominik, W Draper, JE Duck, I Edwards, WR Eckardt, V Emelianov, V Engelage, JM Eppley, G Eremeev, R Erin, V Etkin, A Fachini, P Fadeev, N Faine, V Fateev, O Feshchenko, A Fisyak, Y Foley, KJ Ford, CW Gagunashvili, N Garg, U Gavrichtchouk, O Gazdzicki, M Ghazikhanian, V Gilkes, M Grachov, A Greiner, D Greiner, L Grigoriev, V Guarino, VJ Gushin, E Haberichter, WN Hackenburg, RW Hall, J Hallman, TJ Harris, J Heppelmann, S Hill, DA Hill, N Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, J Huang, H Humanic, T Igo, GJ Ioukaev, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, W Jared, R Jensen, P Jones, P Judd, E Kadija, K Kaplan, M Kaplin, V Karakash, A Karev, A Karol, P Kasprzyk, T Keane, D Kinder-Geiger, K Klein, S Kolobashkina, L Kolomyichenko, A Komisarcik, K Konstantinov, A Kossarev, I Kotchenda, L Kotov, I Kouzmine, N Kovalenko, A Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Krivokhizhin, V Kunde, G Kutuev, R Kuznetsov, A Kwiatkowski, K Ladygin, V Lasiuk, B Lebedev, A LeCompte, T LeVine, MJ Li, Q Lisa, M Ljubicic, A Llope, W Longacre, RS Love, WA Lynn, D Madansky, L Majka, R Margetis, S Marx, J Matheus, R Matis, HS Matulenko, Y Matushevsky, E McShane, TS Medvedev, K Mekhdiev, R Meschanin, A Middlekamp, P Miller, B Milosevich, Z Minaev, N Mitchell, J Mitsyn, V Moore, F Muresan, L Muresan, R Musulmanbekov, J Mutchler, GS Mysnick, A Nann, H Nelson, J Nevski, P Nikitin, V Nikonov, E Nomokonov, P Nurushev, SB Nystrand, J Odintsov, V Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Ogilivie, C Olson, D Oltchak, A Ososkov, G Ott, G Paic, G Pandey, S Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, S Pavlinov, A Pavluk, A Pawlak, T Pentia, M Peryt, W Peshekhonov, D Peshekhonov, V Pilipenko, D Piskunov, N Platner, E Pluta, J Porile, N Poskanzer, AM Price, L Prindle, D Protrebenikova, E Pruneau, C Rai, G Ray, L Razin, S Renfordt, RE Ridiger, A Riley, P Rinckel, T Riso, J Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Roehrich, D Rollefson, A Romero, JL Roufanov, I Runco, M Rykov, V Sakrejda, I Sandweiss, J Saulys, AC Savin, I Schafer, E Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schulz, M Sedlmeir, J Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shabunov, A Shafranov, M Shafranova, M Shalnov, A Shestermanov, K Shimanskiy, S Skoro, G Slaughter, J Slavin, N Smirnoff, N Smirnov, G Smykov, L Soloviev, L Somov, S Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stephenson, E Stock, R Stone, N Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Strbele, H Sugarbaker, E Sustich, A Symons, TJ Szanto, E de Toledo, AS Thomas, J Tikhonov, V Trainor, T Trentalange, S Tokarev, M Trofimov, V Tsay, O Tull, C Turner, K Tustonic, T Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Usubov, Z VanderMolen, S Vanyashin, A Vasendina, V Vasiliev, AN Vasiliev, V Vigdor, S Viola, V Vorozhtsov, S Vranic, D Wang, F Ward, H Watson, J Weerasundara, D Wells, R Wenaus, T Westfall, G Whitten, C Wilson, K Wissink, S Wold, D Wood, L Xu, N Yepes, P Yokosawa, A Yurevich, V Zanevsky, Y Zhang, W Zhidkov, N Zhiltsov, V Zoulkarneev, R AF Wieman, H Adams, DL Added, N Agakishiev, H Akimenko, SA Aluyshin, A Aluyshin, M Amelin, N Anderson, B Anderson, G Aprahamian, A Arestov, YI Aslanyan, P Avdeichikov, V Averichev, G Bacher, A Badalian, R Baldwin, A Barish, K Batourine, V Belikov, NI Bellwied, R Belousov, V Bennett, S Best, D Bichsel, H Bielecki, J Bieser, F Biswas, NN Bland, L Blyth, C Bonner, BE Bossingham, R Brady, FP Braithwaite, W Brown, C Brown, RL Budilov, V Caines, H Cameron, J Carlin, N Carroll, J Cebra, D Chalyguine, A Chance, J Chen, W Chernenko, S Cherney, M Chikanian, A Chrin, J Christie, W Chujko, B Consiglio, C Cooper, G Cormier, TM Cramer, J Crawford, HJ Davidenko, AM Das, A Dawson, JW Dereschikov, AA DeWeerd, A Didenko, L Dominik, W Draper, JE Duck, I Edwards, WR Eckardt, V Emelianov, V Engelage, JM Eppley, G Eremeev, R Erin, V Etkin, A Fachini, P Fadeev, N Faine, V Fateev, O Feshchenko, A Fisyak, Y Foley, KJ Ford, CW Gagunashvili, N Garg, U Gavrichtchouk, O Gazdzicki, M Ghazikhanian, V Gilkes, M Grachov, A Greiner, D Greiner, L Grigoriev, V Guarino, VJ Gushin, E Haberichter, WN Hackenburg, RW Hall, J Hallman, TJ Harris, J Heppelmann, S Hill, DA Hill, N Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, J Huang, H Humanic, T Igo, GJ Ioukaev, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, W Jared, R Jensen, P Jones, P Judd, E Kadija, K Kaplan, M Kaplin, V Karakash, A Karev, A Karol, P Kasprzyk, T Keane, D Kinder-Geiger, K Klein, S Kolobashkina, L Kolomyichenko, A Komisarcik, K Konstantinov, A Kossarev, I Kotchenda, L Kotov, I Kouzmine, N Kovalenko, A Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Krivokhizhin, V Kunde, G Kutuev, R Kuznetsov, A Kwiatkowski, K Ladygin, V Lasiuk, B Lebedev, A LeCompte, T LeVine, MJ Li, Q Lisa, M Ljubicic, A Llope, W Longacre, RS Love, WA Lynn, D Madansky, L Majka, R Margetis, S Marx, J Matheus, R Matis, HS Matulenko, Y Matushevsky, E McShane, TS Medvedev, K Mekhdiev, R Meschanin, A Middlekamp, P Miller, B Milosevich, Z Minaev, N Mitchell, J Mitsyn, V Moore, F Muresan, L Muresan, R Musulmanbekov, J Mutchler, GS Mysnick, A Nann, H Nelson, J Nevski, P Nikitin, V Nikonov, E Nomokonov, P Nurushev, SB Nystrand, J Odintsov, V Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Ogilivie, C Olson, D Oltchak, A Ososkov, G Ott, G Paic, G Pandey, S Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, S Pavlinov, A Pavluk, A Pawlak, T Pentia, M Peryt, W Peshekhonov, D Peshekhonov, V Pilipenko, D Piskunov, N Platner, E Pluta, J Porile, N Poskanzer, AM Price, L Prindle, D Protrebenikova, E Pruneau, C Rai, G Ray, L Razin, S Renfordt, RE Ridiger, A Riley, P Rinckel, T Riso, J Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Roehrich, D Rollefson, A Romero, JL Roufanov, I Runco, M Rykov, V Sakrejda, I Sandweiss, J Saulys, AC Savin, I Schafer, E Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schulz, M Sedlmeir, J Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shabunov, A Shafranov, M Shafranova, M Shalnov, A Shestermanov, K Shimanskiy, S Skoro, G Slaughter, J Slavin, N Smirnoff, N Smirnov, G Smykov, L Soloviev, L Somov, S Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stephenson, E Stock, R Stone, N Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Strbele, H Sugarbaker, E Sustich, A Symons, TJ Szanto, E de Toledo, AS Thomas, J Tikhonov, V Trainor, T Trentalange, S Tokarev, M Trofimov, V Tsay, O Tull, C Turner, K Tustonic, T Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Usubov, Z VanderMolen, S Vanyashin, A Vasendina, V Vasiliev, AN Vasiliev, V Vigdor, S Viola, V Vorozhtsov, S Vranic, D Wang, F Ward, H Watson, J Weerasundara, D Wells, R Wenaus, T Westfall, G Whitten, C Wilson, K Wissink, S Wold, D Wood, L Xu, N Yepes, P Yokosawa, A Yurevich, V Zanevsky, Y Zhang, W Zhidkov, N Zhiltsov, V Zoulkarneev, R TI Recent developments on the star detector system at RHIC SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA AB A progress report is given for the various components of the STAR detector system. We report on the recent developments in the detector proto-typing and construction, with an emphasis on the main TPC, recent TPC cosmic ray testing and shipping to Brookhaven National Laboratory. C1 Univ Arkansas, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. JINR Dubna, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. JINR Dubna, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Phys Engn Inst, Moscow, Russia. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Warsaw, PL-00325 Warsaw, Poland. Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. RP Wieman, H (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Skoro, Goran/F-3642-2010; Muresan, Raluca-Anca/C-3725-2011; Pentia, Mircea/B-2780-2011; Carlin Filho, Nelson/C-2187-2012; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Added, Nemitala/M-8204-2015; OI Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Musulmanbekov, Genis/0000-0002-3352-5044 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 559C EP 563C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00385-6 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400082 ER PT J AU Morrison, DP AF Morrison, DP CA PHENIX Collaboration TI The PHENIX experiment at RHIC SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 97) CY DEC 01-05, 1997 CL UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn HO UNIV TSUKUBA AB The physics emphases of the PHENIX collaboration and the design and current status of the PHENIX detector are discussed. The plan of the collaboration for making the most effective use of the available luminosity in the first years of RHIC operation is also presented.(1) C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Morrison, DP (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Read, Kenneth/0000-0002-3358-7667; Tannenbaum, Michael/0000-0002-8840-5314; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536; Chang, Wen-Chen/0000-0002-1695-7830 NR 1 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 638 IS 1-2 BP 565C EP 569C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00390-X PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 117VB UT WOS:000075802400083 ER PT J AU de Boer, J Hori, K Ooguri, H AF de Boer, J Hori, K Ooguri, H TI Membrane scattering in curved space with M-momentum transfer SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-MECHANICS; DYNAMICS AB We study membrane scattering in a curved space with non-zero M-momentum pit transfer. In the low-energy short-distance region, the membrane dynamics is described by a three-dimensional N = 4 supersymmetric gauge theory. We study an n-instanton process of the gauge theory, corresponding to the exchange of n units of p(11), and compare the result with the scattering amplitude computed in the low-energy long-distance region using supergravity. We find that they behave differently. We show that this result is not in contradiction with the large-N Matrix Theory conjecture, by pointing out that cutoff scales of the supergravity and the gauge theory are complementary to each other. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Ooguri, Hirosi/A-4407-2011; OI Ooguri, Hirosi/0000-0001-6021-3778 NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 525 IS 1-2 BP 257 EP 283 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00253-3 PG 27 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 107DV UT WOS:000075192500012 ER PT J AU Logan, J Chandler, W AF Logan, J Chandler, W TI Incentives needed for foreign participation in China's natural gas sector SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Logan, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74101 USA SN 0030-1388 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 96 IS 32 BP 50 EP + PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 109HG UT WOS:000075315600016 ER PT J AU Park, C Wong-Ng, W Cook, LP Snyder, RL Sastry, PVPSS West, AR AF Park, C Wong-Ng, W Cook, LP Snyder, RL Sastry, PVPSS West, AR TI Melting investigation of Bi2Sr1.9Ca2.1Cu3O10+x by high temperature X-ray diffraction and quenching SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article DE melting; Bi2Sr1.9Ca2.1Cu3O10+x; high temperature x-ray diffraction (HTXRD); quenching ID FREE BI2SR2CA2CU3O10 SUPERCONDUCTOR; TEXTURE FORMATION; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; SYSTEM; TAPES; BI2SR2CACU2OY; STOICHIOMETRY; STABILITY; BI-2212 AB A combination of in-situ high temperature X-ray (HTXRD), quenching experiments and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) was used to investigate the melting sequence of the high T-c 2223 (Bi:Sr:Ca:Cu) superconductor phase. The occurrence and disappearance of various phases associated with the melting of this phase are discussed for both Ag-free and Ag-containing samples. In both Ag-free and Ag-containing samples, three insulator phases were observed during the melting process with HTXRD. In the Ag-free sample, melting started between 880 degrees C and 890 degrees C. At 890 degrees C, both (Sr,Ca)(14)Cu24O41 and (Ca,Sr)(2)CuO3 were present. The (Sr,Ca)(14)Cu24O41 phase disappeared at about 900 degrees C and (Ca,Sr)(2)CuO3 persisted until approximate to 950 degrees C, at which point (Ca,Sr)O was observed. In the Ag-containing sample, a similar melting sequence was observed except that the initial melting temperature of the 2223 phase was lowered by about 20-30 degrees C. Ag was found to enter the liquid. It appears that this liquid promotes grain growth and preferred orientation. It was found that the melting process of the 2223 phase is similar to that of the 2212 (Bi:Sr:Ca:Cu) phase in that both melt incongruently to strontium calcium cuprates. The quench experiments showed that the 119 x 5/22 x 1 phase was an additional primary phase during melting. The absence of this phase during the HTXRD experiment could be due to the fact that the 119 x 5/22 x 1 grains are denser than the liquid and therefore sink below the surface of the sample. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Aberdeen, Dept Chem, Aberdeen AB9 2UE, Scotland. RP Wong-Ng, W (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Yoon, Sejin/F-7637-2013; OI West, Anthony/0000-0002-5492-2102 NR 43 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 304 IS 3-4 BP 265 EP 276 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(98)00290-1 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 120YV UT WOS:000075986200014 ER PT J AU Fukuda, Y Hayakawa, T Ichihara, E Inoue, K Ishihara, K Ishino, H Itow, Y Kajita, T Kameda, J Kasuga, S Kobayashi, K Kobayashi, Y Koshio, Y Martens, K Miura, M Nakahata, M Nakayama, S Okada, A Oketa, M Okumura, K Ota, M Sakurai, N Shiozawa, M Suzuki, Y Takeuchi, Y Totsuka, Y Yamada, S Earl, M Habig, A Hong, JT Kearns, E Kim, SB Masuzawa, M Messier, MD Scholberg, K Stone, JL Sulak, LR Walter, CW Goldhaber, M Barszczak, T Gajewski, W Halverson, PG Hsu, J Kropp, WR Price, LR Reines, F Sobel, HW Vagins, MR Ganezer, KS Keig, WE Ellsworth, RW Tasaka, S Flanagan, JW Kibayashi, A Learned, JG Matsuno, S Stenger, V Takemori, D Ishii, T Kanzaki, J Kobayashi, T Nakamura, K Nishikawa, K Oyama, Y Sakai, A Sakuda, M Sasaki, O Echigo, S Kohama, M Suzuki, AT Haines, TJ Blaufuss, E Sanford, R Svoboda, R Chen, ML Conner, Z Goodman, JA Sullivan, GW Mori, M Hill, J Jung, CK Mauger, C McGrew, C Sharkey, E Viren, B Yanagisawa, C Doki, W Ishizuka, T Kitaguchi, Y Koga, H Miyano, K Okazawa, H Saji, C Takahata, M Kusano, A Nagashima, Y Takita, M Yamaguchi, T Yoshida, M Etoh, M Fujita, K Hasegawa, A Hasegawa, T Hatakeyama, S Iwamoto, T Kinebuchi, T Koga, M Maruyama, T Ogawa, H Suzuki, A Tsushima, F Koshiba, M Nemoto, M Nishijima, K Futagami, T Hayato, Y Kanaya, Y Kaneyuki, K Watanabe, Y Kielczewska, D Doyle, R George, J Stachyra, A Wai, L Wilkes, J Young, K AF Fukuda, Y Hayakawa, T Ichihara, E Inoue, K Ishihara, K Ishino, H Itow, Y Kajita, T Kameda, J Kasuga, S Kobayashi, K Kobayashi, Y Koshio, Y Martens, K Miura, M Nakahata, M Nakayama, S Okada, A Oketa, M Okumura, K Ota, M Sakurai, N Shiozawa, M Suzuki, Y Takeuchi, Y Totsuka, Y Yamada, S Earl, M Habig, A Hong, JT Kearns, E Kim, SB Masuzawa, M Messier, MD Scholberg, K Stone, JL Sulak, LR Walter, CW Goldhaber, M Barszczak, T Gajewski, W Halverson, PG Hsu, J Kropp, WR Price, LR Reines, F Sobel, HW Vagins, MR Ganezer, KS Keig, WE Ellsworth, RW Tasaka, S Flanagan, JW Kibayashi, A Learned, JG Matsuno, S Stenger, V Takemori, D Ishii, T Kanzaki, J Kobayashi, T Nakamura, K Nishikawa, K Oyama, Y Sakai, A Sakuda, M Sasaki, O Echigo, S Kohama, M Suzuki, AT Haines, TJ Blaufuss, E Sanford, R Svoboda, R Chen, ML Conner, Z Goodman, JA Sullivan, GW Mori, M Hill, J Jung, CK Mauger, C McGrew, C Sharkey, E Viren, B Yanagisawa, C Doki, W Ishizuka, T Kitaguchi, Y Koga, H Miyano, K Okazawa, H Saji, C Takahata, M Kusano, A Nagashima, Y Takita, M Yamaguchi, T Yoshida, M Etoh, M Fujita, K Hasegawa, A Hasegawa, T Hatakeyama, S Iwamoto, T Kinebuchi, T Koga, M Maruyama, T Ogawa, H Suzuki, A Tsushima, F Koshiba, M Nemoto, M Nishijima, K Futagami, T Hayato, Y Kanaya, Y Kaneyuki, K Watanabe, Y Kielczewska, D Doyle, R George, J Stachyra, A Wai, L Wilkes, J Young, K TI Measurements of the solar neutrino flux from super-Kamiokande's first 300 days SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME; OSCILLATIONS; DIFFUSION; MODELS; HELIUM AB The first results of the solar neutrino flux measurement from Super-Kamiokande are presented. The results shown here are obtained from data taken between 31 May 1996, and 23 June 1997. Using our measurement of recoil electrons with energies above 6.5 MeV, we infer the total flux of B-8 solar neutrinos to be 2.42 +/- 0.06(stat)(-0.07)(+0.10)(syst) X 10(6) cm(-2)s(-1) This result is consistent with the Kamiokande measurement and is 36% of the flux predicted by the BP95 solar model. The flux is also measured in 1.5 month subsets and shown to be consistent with a constant rate. [S0031-9007(98)06804-5]. C1 Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Tokyo 1888502, Japan. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Calif State Univ Dominguez Hills, Dept Phys, Carson, CA 90747 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Phys, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Gifu Univ, Dept Phys, Gifu 5011193, Japan. Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Kobe Univ, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Miyagi Univ Educ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9800845, Japan. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Niigata Univ, Dept Phys, Niigata 9502181, Japan. Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5600046, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Tokai Univ, Dept Phys, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Tokyo 1888502, Japan. RI Takeuchi, Yasuo/A-4310-2011; Kibayashi, Atsuko/K-7327-2015; Nakamura, Kenzo/F-7174-2010; Sobel, Henry/A-4369-2011; Suzuki, Yoichiro/F-7542-2010; Martens, Kai/A-4323-2011; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Sakurai, Nobuyuki/M-5009-2014; Ishino, Hirokazu/C-1994-2015; Koshio, Yusuke/C-2847-2015 OI Sakurai, Nobuyuki/0000-0002-1002-217X; Ishino, Hirokazu/0000-0002-8623-4080; Koshio, Yusuke/0000-0003-0437-8505 NR 22 TC 554 Z9 555 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1158 EP 1162 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1158 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 109CL UT WOS:000075303600006 ER PT J AU Albright, CH Babu, KS Barr, SM AF Albright, CH Babu, KS Barr, SM TI Minimality condition and atmospheric neutrino oscillations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERSYMMETRIC SO(10); UNIFIED THEORIES; LEPTON MASSES; PROTON DECAY; QUARK; MODEL; RENORMALIZATION; CONSTRUCTION; OPERATOR; RATIO AB A structure is proposed for the mass matrices of the quarks and leptons that arises in a natural way from the assumption that the breaking of SO(10) gauge symmetry is achieved by the smallest possible set of vacuum expectation values. This structure explains well many features of the observed spectrum of quarks and leptons. It reproduces the Georgi-Jarlskog mass relations and leads to a charm quark mass in reasonable agreement with data. It also predicts a large mixing angle between nu(mu), and nu(tau), as suggested by atmospheric neutrino data. The mixing angles of the electron neutrino are predicted to be small. [S0031-9007(98)06830-6]. C1 No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. OI Albright, Carl/0000-0002-2252-6359 NR 41 TC 207 Z9 207 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1167 EP 1170 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1167 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 109CL UT WOS:000075303600008 ER PT J AU Prinz, AA Baggs, R Ballam, J Ecklund, S Fertig, C Jaros, JA Kase, K Kulikov, A Langeveld, WGJ Leonard, R Marvin, T Nakashima, T Nelson, WR Odian, A Pertsova, M Putallaz, G Weinstein, A AF Prinz, AA Baggs, R Ballam, J Ecklund, S Fertig, C Jaros, JA Kase, K Kulikov, A Langeveld, WGJ Leonard, R Marvin, T Nakashima, T Nelson, WR Odian, A Pertsova, M Putallaz, G Weinstein, A TI Search for millicharged particles at SLAC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC CHARGE NONCONSERVATION; MINICHARGED PARTICLES; EXPERIMENTAL LIMIT; FREE NEUTRON; NEUTRINOS; MODELS; MATTER; NEUTRALITY AB Particles with electric charge q less than or equal to 10(-3) e and masses in the range 1-100 MeV/c(2) are not excluded by present experiments. An experiment uniquely suited to the production and detection of such "millicharged" particles has been carried out at SLAG. This experiment is sensitive to the infrequent excitation and ionization of matter expected from the passage of such a particle. Analysis of the data rules out a region of mass and charge, establishing, for example, a 95%-confidence upper limit on electric charge of 4.1 x 10(-5) e for millicharged particles of mass 1 MeV/c(2) and 5.8 x 10(-4) e for mass 100 MeV/c(2). [S0031-9007(98)06790-8]. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Prinz, AA (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 30 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1175 EP 1178 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1175 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 109CL UT WOS:000075303600010 ER PT J AU Witala, H Glockle, W Huber, D Golak, J Kamada, H AF Witala, H Glockle, W Huber, D Golak, J Kamada, H TI Cross section minima in elastic Nd scattering: Possible evidence for three-nucleon force effects SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PARTIAL-WAVE ANALYSIS; ANALYZING POWER; BREAKUP; IMPACT; SPACE AB Neutron-deuteron elastic scattering cross sections are calculated at different energies using modern nucleon-nucleon (NN) interactions and the Tucson-Melbourne three-nucleon force adjusted to the triton binding energy. Predictions based on NN forces only underestimate nucleon-deuteron data in the minima at higher energies starting around 60 MeV. Adding the three-nucleon forces fills up those minima and reduces the discrepancies significantly. [S0031-9007(98)06806-9]. C1 Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys 2, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Witala, H (reprint author), Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys 2, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. NR 29 TC 174 Z9 174 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1183 EP 1186 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1183 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 109CL UT WOS:000075303600012 ER PT J AU Mishra, SR Cummins, TR Waddill, GD Gammon, WJ van der Laan, G Goodman, KW Tobin, JG AF Mishra, SR Cummins, TR Waddill, GD Gammon, WJ van der Laan, G Goodman, KW Tobin, JG TI Nature of resonant photoemission in Gd SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CORE-LEVEL PHOTOEMISSION; MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ULTRATHIN FILMS; PHOTOABSORPTION; ASYMMETRY; SYSTEMS; LIGHT; FE AB The phenomenon of resonant photoemission happens when, in addition to a direct photoemission channel, a second indirect channel opens up as the absorption threshold of a core level is crossed. A massive increase in emission cross section can occur, but the nature of the process remains clouded. Using novel magnetic linear dichroism in photoelectron spectroscopy experiments and theoretical calculations, we can now clearly demonstrate that temporal matching of the processes as well as energy matching is a requirement for true "resonant photoemission." C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. SERC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Mishra, SR (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. RI Tobin, James/O-6953-2015; van der Laan, Gerrit/Q-1662-2015 OI van der Laan, Gerrit/0000-0001-6852-2495 NR 40 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1306 EP 1309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1306 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 109CL UT WOS:000075303600043 ER PT J AU Arko, AJ Joyce, JJ AF Arko, AJ Joyce, JJ TI CeSi2 photoemission spectra at 5 meV resolution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID KONDO C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Arko, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Delley, Bernard/E-1336-2014 OI Delley, Bernard/0000-0002-7020-2869 NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1348 EP 1348 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1348 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 109CL UT WOS:000075303600058 ER PT J AU Lazarides, AA Rabitz, H Chang, J Brown, NJ AF Lazarides, AA Rabitz, H Chang, J Brown, NJ TI Identifying collective dynamical observables bearing on local features of potential surfaces SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; ENERGY SURFACE; F+H-2 REACTION AB A singular value decomposition of dynamical sensitivities provides insight into the relationship between a data set and the potential which is often not evident from the sensitivities of individual observables. An illustration is treated consisting of data sets drawn from reactive transition probabilities as a function of energy for the collinear H+H-2 system. While the sensitivities of individual reactive transition probabilities to the two-dimensional potential are highly structured functions of the potential coordinates, a set of reactive transition probabilities is identified which collectively has localized sensitivity primarily to the saddle point region and secondarily to the slope along the H-3 symmetric stretch line in the outer corner tunneling region and to the width of the barrier. Information of this type garnered from a principal component sensitivity analysis can be especially valuable when attempting to use dynamics data to refine potential surfaces. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Energy & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lazarides, AA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 8 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 6 BP 2065 EP 2070 DI 10.1063/1.476719 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 107XW UT WOS:000075237100004 ER PT J AU Woon, DE Peterson, KA Dunning, TH AF Woon, DE Peterson, KA Dunning, TH TI Benchmark calculations with correlated molecular wave functions. IX. The weakly bound complexes Ar-H-2 and Ar-HCl SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; AB-INITIO; DIATOMIC HYDRIDES; WATER DIMER; ABINITIO; ENERGETICS; HYDROGEN; CLUSTERS AB The interaction of Ar with H-2; and HCl has been studied using Moller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2, MP3, MP4) and coupled-duster [CCSD, CCSD(T)] methods with augmented correlation consistent basis sets. Basis sets as large as triply augmented quadruple zeta quality were used to investigate the convergence trends. Interaction energies were determined using the supermolecule approach with the counterpoise correction to account for basis set superposition error. Comparison with the available empirical potentials finds excellent agreement for both binding energies and transition state. For Ar-H-2, the estimated complete basis set (CBS) limits for the binding energies of the two equivalent minima and the connecting transition state (TS) are, respectively, 55 and 47 cm(-1) at the MP4 level and 54 and 46 cm(-1) at the CCSD(T) level, respectively [the XC(fit) empirical potential of Bissonnette et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 105, 2634 (1996)] yields 56.6 and 47.8 cm(-1) for H2 (upsilon = 0)]. The estimated CBS limits for the binding energies of the two minima and transition state of Ar-HCl are 185, 155, and 109 cm(-1) at the MP4 level and 176, 147, and 105 cm(-1) at the CCSD(T) level, respectively [the H6(4,3,0) empirical potential of Hutson [J. Phys. Chem. 96, 4237 (1992)] yields 176.0, 148.3, and 103.3 cm(-1) for HC1 (u = 0)], Basis sets containing diffuse functions of (dfg) symmetries were found to be essential for accurately modeling these two complexes, which are largely bound by dispersion and induction forces. Highly correlated wave functions were also required for accurate results. This was found to be particularly true for ArHCl, where significant differences in calculated binding energies were observed between MP2, MP4, and CCSD(T). (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Theory Modeling & Simulat Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Woon, DE (reprint author), Mol Res Inst, 845 Page Mill Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. NR 46 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 5 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 8 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 6 BP 2233 EP 2241 DI 10.1063/1.476510 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 107XW UT WOS:000075237100022 ER PT J AU Shuai, Z Bredas, JL Saxena, A Bishop, AR AF Shuai, Z Bredas, JL Saxena, A Bishop, AR TI Linear and nonlinear optical response of polyenes: A density matrix renormalization group study SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; EVEN-PARITY STATES; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; ELECTRON-CORRELATION; HYPERPOLARIZABILITY; PHOTOISOMERIZATION; POLYACETYLENE; POLARIZATION; TRANSITION AB Using a symmetry adapted density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) formulation, we have calculated various optical spectra, including linear absorption, electroabsorption, third-harmonic generation, and two-photon absorption, for a series of linear polyene molecules (up to 40 carbon sites) modeled by an extended Hubbard-Peierls Hamiltonian within the intermediate correlation regime. The theoretical two-photon absorption spectrum for trans-octatetraene is in good agreement with experiment. By comparing the experimental linear absorption spectra and theoretical higher A(g) state energies, it is suggested that the so-called cis-band actually corresponds to the threshold of the mA(g) band. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Mons, Ctr Rech Elect & Photon Mol, Serv Chim Mat Nouveaux, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shuai, Z (reprint author), Univ Mons, Ctr Rech Elect & Photon Mol, Serv Chim Mat Nouveaux, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. EM Jeanluc@averell.umh.ac.be RI Bredas, Jean-Luc/A-3431-2008; Shuai, Zhigang/H-5576-2011 OI Bredas, Jean-Luc/0000-0001-7278-4471; Shuai, Zhigang/0000-0003-3867-2331 NR 39 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 8 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 6 BP 2549 EP 2555 DI 10.1063/1.476827 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 107XW UT WOS:000075237100063 ER PT J AU Stankovic, S Espenson, JH AF Stankovic, S Espenson, JH TI The MTO-catalyzed oxidative conversion of N,N-dimethylhydrazones to nitriles SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID METALLATED DIMETHYLHYDRAZONES; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; ALDEHYDES AB Methyltrioxorhenium catalyzes the fast and efficient oxidation of aldehyde N,N-dimethylhydrazones to the corresponding nitriles in high yield. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Espenson, JH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 16 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD AUG 7 PY 1998 IS 15 BP 1579 EP 1580 DI 10.1039/a802723d PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 106PL UT WOS:000075138000041 ER PT J AU Sasaki, DY Padilla, BE AF Sasaki, DY Padilla, BE TI Dithioamide metal ion receptors on fluorescent lipid bilayers for the selective optical detection of mercuric ion SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SENSOR; LEAD AB Functionalized lipid bilayers with dithioamide receptors at the surface and pyrene labels in the hydrophobic interior showed a selective fluorescence response to mercuric ion with sensitivity limits at the ppb level. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sasaki, DY (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dysasak@sandia.com NR 12 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD AUG 7 PY 1998 IS 15 BP 1581 EP 1582 DI 10.1039/a802534g PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 106PL UT WOS:000075138000042 ER PT J AU Silver, GL AF Silver, GL TI Operational equations for data in rectangular array SO COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS & DATA ANALYSIS LA English DT Article AB It is widely regarded as impossible to estimate curvature on four points in rectangular array. This paper presents equations that estimate curvature on such data. One of the equations is analogous to the parabola for three equidistant, curvilinear data. The other equations are based on exponential functions. They are usually superior to the bilinear equation if the L-2 norm test is the criterion of merit. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9473 J9 COMPUT STAT DATA AN JI Comput. Stat. Data Anal. PD AUG 7 PY 1998 VL 28 IS 2 BP 211 EP 215 DI 10.1016/S0167-9473(98)00029-2 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 114VZ UT WOS:000075631000006 ER PT J AU Goheen, SC Hilsenbeck, JL AF Goheen, SC Hilsenbeck, JL TI High-performance ion-exchange chromatography and adsorption of plasma proteins SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Separation and Analysis of Proteins, Peptides, and Polynucleotides (ISPPP 97) CY OCT 26-29, 1997 CL ROCKVILLE, MARYLAND SP Elsevier Sci, CA Separat Sci Soc (CaSSS) DE proteins; albumin; immunoglobulins; fibrinogen ID THERMODYNAMIC DRIVING FORCES; RAT CYTOCHROME B(5); POLYMERIC BIOMATERIALS; RETENTION MODEL; SURFACE; KINETICS AB Resolution and recovery are primary concerns in protein chromatography. Separations are often by size, ion exchange, or hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the support, eluent and protein. Adsorption of a protein to a synthetic surface plays an essential role in this complex process. In this study, we examined the adsorption properties of three representative plasma proteins (albumin, fibrinogen, and immunoglobulin G) on nonporous column materials containing either quaternary amine or sulfopropyl functional groups. The adsorption properties were studied at 37 degrees C and pH 7.4. Salt gradients were used to examine the adsorption/desorption properties of each of the proteins on each type of surface. The salt concentrations at desorption were measured and compared to the protein isoelectric points. In addition, we examined protein recoveries as a function of desorption time. Our results suggest that protein recoveries depend not only on the protein, eluent and surface, but also the residence time and overall charge concentration during the initial adsorption process. Finally, we correlated the number of charge sites on a molecule with the width of a chromatographic band at half height. The data produced as a result of this study may be used to determine the actual unfolding time of a protein, given a certain set of conditions. The data may also help in understanding the chemistry and dynamics of the protein adsorption processes in ion-exchange chromatography as well as provide key structural information about the proteins. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Goheen, SC (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 22 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD AUG 7 PY 1998 VL 816 IS 1 BP 89 EP 96 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00045-4 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 112NJ UT WOS:000075500400011 PM 9741102 ER PT J AU Gurley, LR Umbarger, KO Kim, JM Bradbury, EM Lehnert, BE AF Gurley, LR Umbarger, KO Kim, JM Bradbury, EM Lehnert, BE TI High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of staurosporine in vivo - Its translocation and pharmacokinetics in rats SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B LA English DT Article DE staurosporine ID SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS; PROTEIN-KINASE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; INHIBITION; PHOSPHORYLATION; ARREST AB The protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine (Stsp) has been used extensively to study physiological functions, biochemical mechanisms, and cancer therapy. Using an HPLC assay for Stsp developed in our laboratory, we find that only 0.7% of Stsp remains in circulating blood of rats 5 min after injection. In vitro, Stsp is adsorbed to red blood cells (RBC) weakly and reversibly. In vivo, all but 1.2-2.5% of Stsp injected is adsorbed by the heart and lungs in one passage through them, indicating that the endothelium acts as a major Stsp sink. Following initial adsorption, pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that Stsp had a half-life of 51.6 min in plasma and 75.3 min in RBC. Thus, plasma Stsp was in the cancer therapy range of 1-10 ng/ml for 2.7 h following a bolus injection. This data indicates that a bolus injection of Stsp must be followed by a continuous infusion of low Stsp concentration for several days to produce the G1 arrest in cells necessary to stop cell proliferation. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gurley, LR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD AUG 7 PY 1998 VL 712 IS 1-2 BP 211 EP 224 DI 10.1016/S0378-4347(98)00077-2 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 100RW UT WOS:000074830000022 PM 9698244 ER PT J AU Watson, JN Brown, AS Iton, LE White, JW AF Watson, JN Brown, AS Iton, LE White, JW TI Detection of TPA-silicalite precursors nucleated during the room temperature aging of a clear homogeneous synthesis solution SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-FARADAY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article ID HYDRATE-TYPE MATERIALS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; STRUCTURAL LINKS; ZEOLITE-TYPE; X-RAY; SPECTROSCOPY AB The transformations occurring during the aging of a clear silicalite preparation at room temperature were studied by small angle X-ray (SAXS) and neutron scattering (SANS), X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. Particles with a radius of gyration of 28 A were detected in a solution that was aged at room temperature for six months. A cylindrical form factor provided the best fit to the experimental scattering functions and so a similar particle morphology to that formed during the initial stages of the hydrothermal synthesis at 100 degrees C can be presumed. The IR spectrum of a freeze dried sample taken from the aged solution shows a band at 560 cm(-1) characteristic of the framework structure of silicalite, and a SANS contrast variation study showed that the scattering species contain the tetrapropylammonium template. The time required for the hydrothermal crystallisation of silicalite was significantly reduced by aging the silicalite preparation prior to heating to 100 degrees C. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Chem, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP White, JW (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Chem, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. NR 17 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0956-5000 J9 J CHEM SOC FARADAY T JI J. Chem. Soc.-Faraday Trans. PD AUG 7 PY 1998 VL 94 IS 15 BP 2181 EP 2186 DI 10.1039/a801924j PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 106TT UT WOS:000075167100019 ER PT J AU Hazeltine, RD Navratil, GA Nevins, WM Porkolab, M Sauthoff, NR Simonen, TC Stacey, WM AF Hazeltine, RD Navratil, GA Nevins, WM Porkolab, M Sauthoff, NR Simonen, TC Stacey, WM TI The advanced tokamak SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Texas, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Hazeltine, RD (reprint author), Univ Texas, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 7 PY 1998 VL 281 IS 5378 BP 784 EP 784 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 108ZD UT WOS:000075295600027 ER PT J AU Dalal, RV Ram, RJ Helkey, R Roussell, H Choquette, KD AF Dalal, RV Ram, RJ Helkey, R Roussell, H Choquette, KD TI Low distortion analogue signal transmission using vertical cavity lasers SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LINKS AB Signal distortion in a short wavelength vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) is studied. The spurious free dynamic range is found to be 104.3 dB Hz(2/3) at 102 MHz and 98 dB Hz(2/3) at 1 GHz, which approaches the dynamic range of Fabry-Perot and DFB lasers, and is 20 dB higher than previously reported for VCSELs. C1 MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02173 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Cpd Semicond Technol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dalal, RV (reprint author), MIT, Elect Res Lab, 77 Massachusetts Ave,Room 36-487, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM rajeev@mit.edu NR 9 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD AUG 6 PY 1998 VL 34 IS 16 BP 1590 EP 1591 DI 10.1049/el:19981087 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 113LA UT WOS:000075551400040 ER PT J AU Barthes, M Bordallo, HN Eckert, J Maurus, O de Nunzio, G Leon, J AF Barthes, M Bordallo, HN Eckert, J Maurus, O de Nunzio, G Leon, J TI Dynamics of crystalline N-methylacetamide: Temperature dependence of infrared and inelastic neutron scattering spectra SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID PROTON-TRANSFER; HYDROGEN-BOND; ACETANILIDE; POLARONS; CHAINS AB N-methylacetamide may be viewed as a simple model for polypeptides. Unusual intensities have previously been observed in its amide vibrational spectra and were attributed to contradictory causes, namely, Fermi resonance, vibrational polarons, and dynamic proton transfer along the H bond. We report the first inelastic neutron scattering study of three specifically deuterated derivatives at different temperatures along with new infrared spectra. The analysis of the librations in the INS spectra indicates a degeneracy between the N-CH3 methyl torsional mode and another degree of freedom assigned to one component of the skeletal torsion. No direct evidence for a methyl-methyl coupling is observed. However gamma(CO) appears strongly coupled to the motions of the neighboring C-CH3 group. A new absorption band ("X") is observed at approximately 1590 cm(-1) in the IR spectrum of the amide-1/amide-2 region. This calls into question the previous assignment of a band at similar to 1600 cm(-1) as the overtone of gamma(NH). In addition, all observed peaks in the amide-2 region shift to higher frequency on cooling so that none of them could be assigned to the nu(NH) mode, as previously proposed. Previous theoretical explanations of the anomalous amide spectra of N-methylacetamide based on either Fermi resonance or the proton-transfer model are therefore in disagreement with our new experimental data. C1 Univ Montpellier 2, GDPC, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Montpellier 2, PMT, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. RP Barthes, M (reprint author), Univ Montpellier 2, GDPC, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. RI Bordallo, Heloisa/I-6836-2012; De Nunzio, Giorgio/L-7283-2015 OI Bordallo, Heloisa/0000-0003-0750-0553; De Nunzio, Giorgio/0000-0002-1998-0286 NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 6 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 32 BP 6177 EP 6183 DI 10.1021/jp981743y PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 110DE UT WOS:000075364200005 ER PT J AU Zhang, D Gracias, DH Ward, R Gauckler, M Tian, Y Shen, YR Somorjai, GA AF Zhang, D Gracias, DH Ward, R Gauckler, M Tian, Y Shen, YR Somorjai, GA TI Surface studies of polymer blends by sum frequency vibrational spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and contact angle goniometry SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article AB The surface composition, surface structure, and wetting properties of a polymer blend were studied by a combination of surface-sensitive techniques: IR + visible sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle goniometry. The polymer blend studied is composed of Biospan-S (BS) and a phenoxy base polymer (BP). BS is a polyurethane, capped with poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) end groups, and has a water contact angle of 94 degrees. BP is more hydrophilic with a water contact angle of 74 degrees. The SFG study shows that the more hydrophobic BS component likes to segregate to the blend surface in air and approaches a full surface coverage when the BS bulk concentration is only 1.7 wt %. The surface density of BS decreases with the decrease of its bulk concentration from 1.7 wt % and becomes undetectable at the surface, at a bulk concentration of 0,17 wt %. The surface free energy of the blend varies accordingly, as seen from the contact angle measurements. The AFM study also shows that the blend surface is predominantly occupied by BP for BS bulk concentrations lower than 0.17 wt % and by BS for BS bulk concentrations higher than 1.7 wt %. It reveals a domain pattern in the intermediate region when BS and BP coexist on the surface. The combined information obtained by SFG, AFM, and contact angle goniometry provides a more detailed understanding of interfacial phenomenon of blended macromolecular systems at the molecular level. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Polymer Technol Grp Inc, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, CH-8000 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Gracias, David/A-1942-2010 OI Gracias, David/0000-0003-2735-4725 NR 20 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD AUG 6 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 32 BP 6225 EP 6230 DI 10.1021/jp981550a PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 110DE UT WOS:000075364200012 ER PT J AU Sieger, MT Simpson, WC Orlando, TM AF Sieger, MT Simpson, WC Orlando, TM TI Production of O-2 on icy satellites by electronic excitation of low-temperature water ice SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID D2O ICE; GANYMEDE; OXYGEN; IONS AB The signature of condensed molecular oxygen has been reported in recent optical-reflectance measurements of the jovian moon Ganymede(1), and a tenuous oxygen atmosphere has been observed on Europa(2). The surfaces of these moons contain large amounts of water ice, and it is thought that O-2 is formed by the sputtering of ice by energetic particles from the jovian magnetosphere(3-8). Understanding how O-2 might be formed from low-temperature ice is crucial for theoretical and experimental simulations of the surfaces and atmospheres of icy bodies in the Solar System. Here we report laboratory measurements of the threshold energy, cross-section and temperature dependence of O-2 production by electronic excitation of ice in vacuum, following electron-beam irradiation. Molecular oxygen is formed by direct excitation and dissociation of a stable precursor molecule, rather than (as has been previously thought) by diffusion and chemical recombination of precursor fragments. The large cross-section for O-2 production suggests that electronic excitation plays an important part in the formation of O-2 on Ganymede and Europa. C1 Pacific NW Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Orlando, TM (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, MS K8-88,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM tm_orlando@pnl.gov RI Sieger, Matthew/B-4261-2011 OI Sieger, Matthew/0000-0001-7387-3660 NR 23 TC 120 Z9 121 U1 3 U2 12 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD AUG 6 PY 1998 VL 394 IS 6693 BP 554 EP 556 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 107YN UT WOS:000075238700039 PM 9707116 ER PT J AU Kim, KK Kim, R Kim, SH AF Kim, KK Kim, R Kim, SH TI Crystal structure of a small heat-shock protein SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-DENSITY MAPS; ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN; MOLECULAR CHAPERONE; IN-VITRO; 2.8-ANGSTROM; FAMILY; DOMAIN AB The principal heat-shock proteins that have chaperone activity (that is, they protect newly made proteins from misfolding) belong to five conserved classes: HSP100, HSP90, HSP70, HSP60 and the small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs). The sHSPs can form large multimeric structures and have a wide range of cellular functions, including endowing cells with thermotolerance in vivo(1,2) and being able to act as molecular chaperones in vitro(3-8); sHSPs do this by forming stable complexes with folding intermediates of their protein substrates(9,10). However, there is little information available about these structures or the mechanism by which substrates are protected from thermal denaturation by sHSPs. Here we report the crystal structure of a small heat-shock protein from Methanococcus jannaschii, a hyperthermophilic archaeon. The monomeric folding unit is a composite beta-sandwich in which one of the beta-strands comes from a neighbouring molecule. Twenty-four monomers form a hollow spherical complex of octahedral symmetry, with eight trigonal and six square 'windows'. The sphere has an outer diameter of 120 Angstrom and an inner diameter of 65 Angstrom. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, 220 Melvin Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 27 TC 616 Z9 644 U1 6 U2 35 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD AUG 6 PY 1998 VL 394 IS 6693 BP 595 EP 599 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 107YN UT WOS:000075238700053 PM 9707123 ER PT J AU Fukuda, Y Hayakawa, T Ichihara, E Inoue, K Ishihara, K Ishino, H Itow, Y Kajita, T Kameda, J Kasuga, S Kobayashi, K Kobayashi, Y Koshio, Y Martens, K Miura, M Nakahata, M Nakayama, S Okada, A Oketa, M Okumura, K Ota, M Sakurai, N Shiozawa, M Suzuki, Y Takeuchi, Y Totsuka, Y Yamada, S Earl, M Habig, A Hong, JT Kearns, E Kim, SB Masuzawa, M Messier, MD Scholberg, K Stone, JL Sulak, LR Walter, CW Goldhaber, M Barszczak, T Gajewski, W Halverson, PG Hsu, J Kropp, WR Price, LR Reines, F Sobel, HW Vagins, MR Ganezer, KS Keig, WE Ellsworth, RW Tasaka, S Flanagan, JW Kibayashi, A Learned, JG Matsuno, S Stenger, V Takemori, D Ishii, T Kanzaki, J Kobayashi, T Nakamura, K Nishikawa, K Oyama, Y Sakai, A Sakuda, M Sasaki, O Echigo, S Kohama, M Suzuki, AT Haines, TJ Blaufuss, E Sanford, R Svoboda, R Chen, ML Conner, Z Goodman, JA Sullivan, GW Mori, M Goebel, F Hill, J Jung, CK Mauger, C McGrew, C Sharkey, E Viren, B Yanagisawa, C Doki, W Ishizuka, T Kitaguchi, Y Koga, H Miyano, K Okazawa, H Saji, C Takahata, M Kusano, A Nagashima, Y Takita, M Yamaguchi, T Yoshida, M Etoh, M Fujita, K Hasegawa, A Hasegawa, T Hatakeyama, S Iwamoto, T Kinebuchi, T Koga, M Maruyama, T Ogawa, H Saito, M Suzuki, A Tsushima, F Koshiba, M Nemoto, M Nishijima, K Futagami, T Hayato, Y Kanaya, Y Kaneyuki, K Watanabe, Y Kielczewska, D Doyle, R George, J Stachyra, A Wai, L Wilkes, J Young, K AF Fukuda, Y Hayakawa, T Ichihara, E Inoue, K Ishihara, K Ishino, H Itow, Y Kajita, T Kameda, J Kasuga, S Kobayashi, K Kobayashi, Y Koshio, Y Martens, K Miura, M Nakahata, M Nakayama, S Okada, A Oketa, M Okumura, K Ota, M Sakurai, N Shiozawa, M Suzuki, Y Takeuchi, Y Totsuka, Y Yamada, S Earl, M Habig, A Hong, JT Kearns, E Kim, SB Masuzawa, M Messier, MD Scholberg, K Stone, JL Sulak, LR Walter, CW Goldhaber, M Barszczak, T Gajewski, W Halverson, PG Hsu, J Kropp, WR Price, LR Reines, F Sobel, HW Vagins, MR Ganezer, KS Keig, WE Ellsworth, RW Tasaka, S Flanagan, JW Kibayashi, A Learned, JG Matsuno, S Stenger, V Takemori, D Ishii, T Kanzaki, J Kobayashi, T Nakamura, K Nishikawa, K Oyama, Y Sakai, A Sakuda, M Sasaki, O Echigo, S Kohama, M Suzuki, AT Haines, TJ Blaufuss, E Sanford, R Svoboda, R Chen, ML Conner, Z Goodman, JA Sullivan, GW Mori, M Goebel, F Hill, J Jung, CK Mauger, C McGrew, C Sharkey, E Viren, B Yanagisawa, C Doki, W Ishizuka, T Kitaguchi, Y Koga, H Miyano, K Okazawa, H Saji, C Takahata, M Kusano, A Nagashima, Y Takita, M Yamaguchi, T Yoshida, M Etoh, M Fujita, K Hasegawa, A Hasegawa, T Hatakeyama, S Iwamoto, T Kinebuchi, T Koga, M Maruyama, T Ogawa, H Saito, M Suzuki, A Tsushima, F Koshiba, M Nemoto, M Nishijima, K Futagami, T Hayato, Y Kanaya, Y Kaneyuki, K Watanabe, Y Kielczewska, D Doyle, R George, J Stachyra, A Wai, L Wilkes, J Young, K CA Super-Kamiokande Collaboration TI Measurement of a small atmospheric nu(mu)/nu(e) ratio SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID PION-PRODUCTION; NEUTRINO FLUX; DETECTOR AB From an exposure of 25.5 kiloton-years of the Super-Kamiokande detector, 900 muon-like and 983 electron-like single-ring atmospheric neutrino interactions were detected with momentum p(e) > 100 MeV/c, p(mu) > 200 MeV/c, and with visible energy less than 1.33 GeV. Using a detailed Monte Carlo simulation, the ratio (mu/e)(DATA)/(mu/e)(MC) was measured to be 0.61 +/- 0.03(stat.) +/- 0.05(sys.), consistent with previous results from the Kamiokande, IMB and Soudan-2 experiments, and smaller than expected from theoretical models of atmospheric neutrino production. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Tanashi, Tokyo 1888502, Japan. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Calif State Univ Dominguez Hills, Dept Phys, Carson, CA 90747 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Phys, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Gifu Univ, Dept Phys, Gifu 5011193, Japan. RP Fukuda, Y (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Tanashi, Tokyo 1888502, Japan. RI Nakamura, Kenzo/F-7174-2010; Sobel, Henry/A-4369-2011; Suzuki, Yoichiro/F-7542-2010; Martens, Kai/A-4323-2011; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Sakurai, Nobuyuki/M-5009-2014; Ishino, Hirokazu/C-1994-2015; Koshio, Yusuke/C-2847-2015; Kibayashi, Atsuko/K-7327-2015 OI Sakurai, Nobuyuki/0000-0002-1002-217X; Ishino, Hirokazu/0000-0002-8623-4080; Koshio, Yusuke/0000-0003-0437-8505; NR 23 TC 617 Z9 619 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 6 PY 1998 VL 433 IS 1-2 BP 9 EP 18 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00476-6 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 107ED UT WOS:000075193300002 ER PT J AU Dighe, AS Dunietz, I Fleischer, R AF Dighe, AS Dunietz, I Fleischer, R TI Resolving a discrete ambiguity in the CKM angle beta through B-u,B-d -> J/psi K* and B-s -> J/psi phi decays SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ASYMMETRIES AB It is well known that sin(2 beta), where beta is one of the angles of the unitarity triangle of the CKM matrix, can be determined in a theoretically clean way by measuring mixing-induced CP violation in the decay B-d --> J/psi K-s. Another clean extraction of this CKM angle is provided by the time-dependent angular distribution for the decay products of B-d --> J/psi (--> l(+)l(-)) K * (0)(--> pi(0)K(s)), where we have more observables at our disposal than in the case of B-d --> J/psi K-s, so that in addition to sin(2 beta) also cos(2 beta) can be probed in a direct way. Unfortunately a sign ambiguity remains in cos(2 beta). If it could be resolved, a discrete ambiguity in the extraction of the CKM angle beta could be resolved as well, which would allow a more incisive test of the CKM model of CP violation. This note shows that detailed time-dependent studies of B-u,B-d,--> J/psi K * and B-s --> J/psi phi decay processes can determine the sign of cos(2 beta), thereby removing the corresponding ambiguity in the extraction of the CKM angle beta. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, I-34100 Trieste, Italy. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Div Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Dighe, AS (reprint author), Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, I-34100 Trieste, Italy. NR 19 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 6 PY 1998 VL 433 IS 1-2 BP 147 EP 149 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00680-7 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 107ED UT WOS:000075193300020 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Button, A Cai, XC Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K della Volpe, D Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gataullin, M Gau, SS Gentile, S Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW van Gulik, R Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Haas, D Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A Hirschfelder, J van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A Lacentre, P de Guevara, PL Laktineh, I Landi, G Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lavorato, A Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marian, G Main, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Migani, D Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Moulik, T Mount, R Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Nessi-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palit, S Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Pothier, J Produit, N Prokofiev, D Quartieri, J Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S van Rhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-Kaerst, S Schmitz, D Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, A Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Vlachos, S Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F Zilizi, G AF Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Button, A Cai, XC Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K della Volpe, D Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gataullin, M Gau, SS Gentile, S Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW van Gulik, R Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Haas, D Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A Hirschfelder, J van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A Lacentre, P de Guevara, PL Laktineh, I Landi, G Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lavorato, A Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marian, G Main, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Migani, D Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Moulik, T Mount, R Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Nessi-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palit, S Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Pothier, J Produit, N Prokofiev, D Quartieri, J Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S van Rhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-Kaerst, S Schmitz, D Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, A Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Vlachos, S Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F Zilizi, G CA L3 Collaboration TI Search for new physics phenomena in fermion-pair production at LEP SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID E+E ANNIHILATION; L3 EXPERIMENT; LEPTOQUARKS; QUARK AB The measurements of hadron and lepton-pair production cross sections and lepton-pair forward-backward asymmetries performed with the L3 detector at centre-of-mass energies between 130 GeV and 172 GeV are used to search for new physics phenomena. New physics effects involving four fermion vertices - contact interactions - are looked for in all channels. For hadron production the exchange of virtual leptoquarks and scalar quarks is studied. No evidence for deviations from the Standard Model expectations is found. Lower limits on the scale Lambda of contact interactions in the range 1.2-7.1 TeV are obtained at the 95% confidence level for various models. Upper limits on the coupling strengths of leptoquarks and scalar quarks are derived. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, LAPP, CNRS, IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Humboldt Univ, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. Univ Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Inst Atom Phys, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Univ Bucharest, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Hungarian Acad Sci, Cent Res Inst Phys, H-1525 Budapest 114, Hungary. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Florence, I-50125 Florence, Italy. CERN, European Lab Particle Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. World Lab, FBLJA Project, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Sci & Technol China, USTC, Hefei 230029, Anhui, Peoples R China. SEFT, Res Inst High Energy Phys, SF-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Univ Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Claude Bernard, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. CIEMAT, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Univ Cyprus, Dept Nat Sci, Nicosia, Cyprus. Univ Nijmegen, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Salerno, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. INFN, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Santiago, Dept Fis Particulas Elementales, E-15706 Santiago, Spain. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Cent Lab Mechatron & Instrumentat, BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35486 USA. Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. NIKHEF H, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. DESY, Inst Hochenergiephys, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Univ Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu, Taiwan. RP Acciarri, M (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. RI Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Palomares, Carmen/H-7783-2015; Fedin, Oleg/H-6753-2016; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014 OI Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Diemoz, Marcella/0000-0002-3810-8530; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Sciacca, Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072; Faccini, Riccardo/0000-0003-2613-5141; Della Volpe, Domenico/0000-0001-8530-7447; Bertucci, Bruna/0000-0001-7584-293X; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; Goldstein, Joel/0000-0003-1591-6014; Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Palomares, Carmen/0000-0003-4374-9065; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Longo, Egidio/0000-0001-6238-6787; Ambrosi, Giovanni/0000-0001-6977-9559; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731 NR 33 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 6 PY 1998 VL 433 IS 1-2 BP 163 EP 175 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00641-8 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 107ED UT WOS:000075193300023 ER PT J AU Drangmeister, KU Krumke, SO Marathe, MV Noltemeier, H Ravi, SS AF Drangmeister, KU Krumke, SO Marathe, MV Noltemeier, H Ravi, SS TI Modifying edges of a network to obtain short subgraphs SO THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science (WG 96) CY JUN 12-14, 1996 CL CADENABBIA, ITALY SP Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipt Informat & Sistemist, CNR, European Union, TMR Programme DE NP-hardness; approximation algorithms; network design; spanning-tree ID COMPUTATION; ALGORITHMS; GRAPHS; DESIGN; TIME AB This paper considers problems of the following type: We are given an edge weighted graph G=(V,E). It is assumed that each edge e of the given network has an associated function c(e) that specifies the cost of shortening the edge by a given amount and that there is a budget B on the total reduction cost. The goal is to develop a reduction strategy satisfying the budget constraint so that the total length of a minimum spanning tree in the modified network is the smallest possible over all reduction strategies that obey the budget constraint. We show that in general the problem of computing an optimal reduction strategy for modifying the network as above is NP-hard even for simple classes of graphs and linear functions c(e). We present the first polynomial time approximation algorithms for the problem, where the cost functions c(e) are allowed to be taken from a broad class of functions. We also present improved approximation algorithms for the class of treewidth-bounded graphs when the cost functions are linear. Our results can be extended to obtain approximation algorithms for more general network design problems such as Steiner trees and generalized Steiner networks. (C) 1998-Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wurzburg, Dept Comp Sci, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SUNY Albany, Dept Comp Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. RP Krumke, SO (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Dept Comp Sci, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. EM krumke@informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de NR 24 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3975 J9 THEOR COMPUT SCI JI Theor. Comput. Sci. PD AUG 6 PY 1998 VL 203 IS 1 BP 91 EP 121 DI 10.1016/S0304-3975(97)00290-9 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA ZY725 UT WOS:000074653100006 ER PT J AU Kim, R Kim, KK Yokota, H Kim, SH AF Kim, R Kim, KK Yokota, H Kim, SH TI Small heat shock protein of Methanococcus jannaschii, a hyperthermophile SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN; DIOSCOREOPHYLLUM-CUMMINSII; MOLECULAR CHAPERONE; SWEET PRINCIPLE; IN-VITRO; FAMILY; THERMOTOLERANCE; EVOLUTION AB Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) belong to a family of 12- to 43-kDa proteins that are ubiquitous and are conserved in amino acid sequence among all organisms. A sHSP homologue of Methanococcus jannaschii, a hyperthermophilic Archaeon, forms a homogeneous multimer comprised of 24 monomers with a molecular mass of 400 kDa in contrast to other sHSPs that show heterogeneous oligomeric complexes. Electron microscopy analysis revealed a spherically shaped oligomeric structure approximate to 15-20 nm in diameter. The protein confers thermal protection of other proteins in vitro as found in other sHSPs. Escherichia coli cell extracts containing the protein were protected from heat-denatured precipitation when heated up to 100 degrees C, whereas extracts from cells not expressing the protein were heat-sensitive at 60 degrees C. Similar results were obtained when purified sHSP protein was added to an E. coli cell lysate. The protein also prevented the aggregation of two purified proteins: single-chain monellin (SCM) at 80 degrees C and citrate synthase at 40 degrees C. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM r_kim@lbl.gov NR 33 TC 123 Z9 130 U1 0 U2 12 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 95 IS 16 BP 9129 EP 9133 DI 10.1073/pnas.95.16.9129 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 108BR UT WOS:000075246600015 PM 9689045 ER PT J AU Hagen, TM Ingersoll, RT Wehr, CM Lykkesfeldt, J Vinarsky, V Bartholomew, JC Song, MH Ames, BN AF Hagen, TM Ingersoll, RT Wehr, CM Lykkesfeldt, J Vinarsky, V Bartholomew, JC Song, MH Ames, BN TI Acetyl-L-carnitine fed to old rats partially restores mitochondrial function and ambulatory activity SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; HEART MITOCHONDRIA; TRANSLOCASE; RESTRICTION; CELLS; ACID AB Mitochondrial function and ambulatory activity were monitored after feeding old rats acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR). Young (3-5 mo) and old (22-28 mo) rats were given a 1.5% (wt/vol) solution of ALCAR in their drinking water for 1 mo, were sacrificed, and their liver parenchymal cells were isolated. ALCAR supplementation significantly reverses the age-associated decline of mitochondrial membrane potential, as assessed by rhodamine 123 staining. Cardiolipin, which declines significantly with age, is also restored. ALCAR increases cellular oxygen consumption, which declines with age, to the level of young rats. However, the oxidant production per oxygen consumed, as measured by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin fluorescence levels, is approximate to 30% higher than in untreated old sees. Cellular glutathione and ascorbate levels were nearly 30% and 50% lower, respectively, in cells from ALCAR-supplemented old rats than in untreated old rats, further indicating that ALCAR supplementation might increase oxidative stress. Ambulatory activity in young and old rats was quantified as a general measure of metabolic activity, Ambulatory activity, defined as mean total distance traveled, in old rats is almost 3-fold lower than in young animals. ALCAR supplementation increases ambulatory activity significantly in both young and old rats, with the increase being larger in old rats. Thus, ALCAR supplementation to old rats markedly reverses the age-associated decline in many indices of mitochondrial function and general metabolic activity, but may increase oxidative stress. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ames, BN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 229 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bnames@uclink4.berkeley.edu RI Lykkesfeldt, Jens/A-1072-2011 OI Lykkesfeldt, Jens/0000-0002-6514-8407 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 39910]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES01896, P30 ES001896] NR 30 TC 188 Z9 194 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 95 IS 16 BP 9562 EP 9566 DI 10.1073/pnas.95.16.9562 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 108BR UT WOS:000075246600090 PM 9689120 ER PT J AU Hoagland, RG Baskes, MI AF Hoagland, RG Baskes, MI TI An atomistic study of the effects of stress and hydrogen on a dislocation lock in nickel SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Defects in Crystals Honoring John Hirth at the TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 16-19, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP TMS, Electr Magnet & Photon Mat Div, TMS, Struct Mat Div, TMS, Chem & Phy Mat Comm, TMS, Phys Met Comm, TMS, Shaping & Forming Comm, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn ID EMBEDDED-ATOM METHOD; DEFECTS; METALS C1 Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Reliabil Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hoagland, RG (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012 NR 13 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4-5 BP 417 EP 422 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00216-4 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 113QQ UT WOS:000075563100007 ER PT J AU Kocks, UF AF Kocks, UF TI Solute drag as an upper bound to high-temperature strength SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Defects in Crystals Honoring John Hirth at the TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 16-19, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP TMS, Electr Magnet & Photon Mat Div, TMS, Struct Mat Div, TMS, Chem & Phy Mat Comm, TMS, Phys Met Comm, TMS, Shaping & Forming Comm, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn ID FLOW C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Kocks, Fred/E-1159-2011 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4-5 BP 431 EP 436 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00218-8 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 113QQ UT WOS:000075563100009 ER PT J AU Heinisch, HL Hoagland, RG Kurtz, RJ Hirth, JP AF Heinisch, HL Hoagland, RG Kurtz, RJ Hirth, JP TI Computer simulation of a [110] edge dislocation intersecting a Sigma 11 < 101 >{131} grain boundary in aluminum SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Defects in Crystals Honoring John Hirth at the TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 16-19, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP TMS, Electr Magnet & Photon Mat Div, TMS, Struct Mat Div, TMS, Chem & Phy Mat Comm, TMS, Phys Met Comm, TMS, Shaping & Forming Comm, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Heinisch, HL (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012 NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4-5 BP 451 EP 456 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00221-8 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 113QQ UT WOS:000075563100012 ER PT J AU Sun, S Adams, BL Shet, C Saigal, S King, W AF Sun, S Adams, BL Shet, C Saigal, S King, W TI Mesoscale investigation of the deformation field of an aluminum bicrystal SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Defects in Crystals Honoring John Hirth at the TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 16-19, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP TMS, Electr Magnet & Photon Mat Div, TMS, Struct Mat Div, TMS, Chem & Phy Mat Comm, TMS, Phys Met Comm, TMS, Shaping & Forming Comm, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn ID POLYCRYSTALLINE C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sun, S (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 16 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4-5 BP 501 EP 508 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00189-4 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 113QQ UT WOS:000075563100019 ER PT J AU Mitchell, TE Donlon, WT Heuer, AH AF Mitchell, TE Donlon, WT Heuer, AH TI Solution softening in spinel SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Defects in Crystals Honoring John Hirth at the TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 16-19, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP TMS, Electr Magnet & Photon Mat Div, TMS, Struct Mat Div, TMS, Chem & Phy Mat Comm, TMS, Phys Met Comm, TMS, Shaping & Forming Comm, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn ID CRYSTALS C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ford Motor Co, Sci Res Lab, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Mitchell, TE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, MS K765, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4-5 BP 537 EP 544 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00194-8 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 113QQ UT WOS:000075563100024 ER PT J AU Misra, A Verdier, M Lu, YC Kung, H Mitchell, TE Nastasi, N Embury, JD AF Misra, A Verdier, M Lu, YC Kung, H Mitchell, TE Nastasi, N Embury, JD TI Structure and mechanical properties of Cu-X (X = Nb,Cr,Ni) nanolayered composites SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Defects in Crystals Honoring John Hirth at the TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 16-19, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP TMS, Electr Magnet & Photon Mat Div, TMS, Struct Mat Div, TMS, Chem & Phy Mat Comm, TMS, Phys Met Comm, TMS, Shaping & Forming Comm, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn ID THIN-FILMS; DEFORMATION; STRENGTH; GRAIN; SCALE; SIZE C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Misra, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MS K765, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012 NR 19 TC 222 Z9 228 U1 4 U2 63 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4-5 BP 555 EP 560 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00196-1 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 113QQ UT WOS:000075563100026 ER PT J AU Yoo, MH AF Yoo, MH TI Dislocation mechanisms for deformation twinning in the L1(0) structure SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Defects in Crystals Honoring John Hirth at the TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 16-19, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP TMS, Electr Magnet & Photon Mat Div, TMS, Struct Mat Div, TMS, Chem & Phy Mat Comm, TMS, Phys Met Comm, TMS, Shaping & Forming Comm, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn ID TIAL SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; YIELD STRESS C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yoo, MH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4-5 BP 569 EP 575 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00198-5 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 113QQ UT WOS:000075563100028 ER PT J AU Hoagland, RG Voter, AF Foiles, SM AF Hoagland, RG Voter, AF Foiles, SM TI Self-diffusion within the cores of a dissociated glide dislocation in an FCC solid SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Defects in Crystals Honoring John Hirth at the TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 16-19, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP TMS, Electr Magnet & Photon Mat Div, TMS, Struct Mat Div, TMS, Chem & Phy Mat Comm, TMS, Phys Met Comm, TMS, Shaping & Forming Comm, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn C1 Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Mat Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hoagland, RG (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012; OI Foiles, Stephen/0000-0002-1907-454X NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4-5 BP 589 EP 596 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00201-2 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 113QQ UT WOS:000075563100031 ER PT J AU Hsiung, LM Lassila, DH AF Hsiung, LM Lassila, DH TI Shock-induced displacive: Transformations in tantalum and tantalum-tungsten alloys SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Defects in Crystals Honoring John Hirth at the TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 16-19, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP TMS, Electr Magnet & Photon Mat Div, TMS, Struct Mat Div, TMS, Chem & Phy Mat Comm, TMS, Phys Met Comm, TMS, Shaping & Forming Comm, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn ID OMEGA-PHASE C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hsiung, LM (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-370, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 10 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4-5 BP 603 EP 609 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00203-6 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 113QQ UT WOS:000075563100033 ER PT J AU Kotula, PG Carter, CB Chen, KC Thoma, DJ Chu, F Mitchell, TE AF Kotula, PG Carter, CB Chen, KC Thoma, DJ Chu, F Mitchell, TE TI Defects and site occupancies in Nb-Cr-Ti C15 laves phase alloys SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Defects in Crystals Honoring John Hirth at the TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 16-19, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP TMS, Electr Magnet & Photon Mat Div, TMS, Struct Mat Div, TMS, Chem & Phy Mat Comm, TMS, Phys Met Comm, TMS, Shaping & Forming Comm, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn ID STACKING-FAULT ENERGY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NBCR2; DEFORMATION; COMPOSITES; ELEMENTS; CR2NB C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kotula, PG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MS K765, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Carter, C. Barry/E-6478-2010; Kotula, Paul/A-7657-2011 OI Carter, C. Barry/0000-0003-4251-9102; Kotula, Paul/0000-0002-7521-2759 NR 25 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4-5 BP 619 EP 623 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00205-X PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 113QQ UT WOS:000075563100035 ER PT J AU Kurtz, RJM Hoagland, RG AF Kurtz, RJM Hoagland, RG TI Effect of grain boundary dislocations on the sliding resistance of sigma 11 grain boundaries in aluminum SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Defects in Crystals Honoring John Hirth at the TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 16-19, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP TMS, Electr Magnet & Photon Mat Div, TMS, Struct Mat Div, TMS, Chem & Phy Mat Comm, TMS, Phys Met Comm, TMS, Shaping & Forming Comm, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Natl Sci Fdn ID LATTICE DISLOCATIONS; BICRYSTALS C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Kurtz, RJM (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012 NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4-5 BP 653 EP 659 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00210-3 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 113QQ UT WOS:000075563100040 ER PT J AU Lin, L Han, K AF Lin, L Han, K TI Optimization of surface properties by flame spray coating and boriding SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE boriding; coating; diffusion; flame spray; nickel alloys; steel ID NI ALLOYS; STEEL; LAYERS; PHASE AB Investigations have been undertaken on the process of boriding of flame-sprayed coatings. The combination of flame-spraying and boriding has been shown to improve the mechanical properties, especially the surface properties of steels. The flame-spray process offered a good workability, whereas boriding enhanced the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the surface, thus optimizing the surface properties. Different boriding media, boriding temperatures and times were compared. The optimum process conditions are suggested, based on the mechanical properties obtained for different conditions. The phase transformation procedure of boriding was investigated, based on the interstitial diffusion model, and the activation energy for the boriding was determined. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Shangdong Acad Sci, Inst New Mat, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. RP Han, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Mail Stop 765, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 106 IS 2-3 BP 100 EP 105 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00501-5 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 121RK UT WOS:000076027600003 ER PT J AU Sugama, T AF Sugama, T TI Y2O3-sealed Ni-Al protective coatings for Inconel 625 SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE flame spray coating; nickel aluminum; oxidation; sol-gel pyrolysis; yttrium oxide AB The surfaces of flame-sprayed Ni-Al coatings deposited on to Inconel 625 substrates were sealed by Y2O3 film (0.5-1.5 mu m) derived pyrolytically from an yttrium acetate tetrahydrate-based precursor solution. Y2O3-sealed Ni-Al coating specimens were placed into an automated cyclic furnace and then subjected to heating-cooling cycle tests (one cycle = 12 h at 900 degrees C + 12 h at 25 degrees C) to evaluate the usefulness of this coating system in preventing oxidation of the underlying Inconel. After 75 cycles, the weight gains of sealed Ni-Al coatings were similar to 50% lower than those of unsealed coatings. Such effectiveness of the Y2O3 sealer in improving the efficacy of the Ni-Al protective coatings was due mainly to its reactivity with Al2O3 formed by oxidation of Al within the coatings. This selective reaction led to the formation of a crystalline YAlO3 phase. Extended oxidation resulted in the transformation of YAlO3 into the Y3Al5O12 phase as a result of a secondary reaction between YAlO3 and Al2O3. Consequently, the sealing layers consisting of Y2O3, YAlO3, and Y3Al5O12 contributed significantly to filling and eliminating inherent open spaces in the Ni-Al coatings, thereby suppressing the diffusion of oxygen through the pores. Such oxygen-impervious layers endow the Ni-Al layers with a long useful life-span as oxidation-resistant coatings for Inconel. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Energy Efficiency & Conservat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sugama, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Energy Efficiency & Conservat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM sugama@bnl.gov NR 18 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 106 IS 2-3 BP 106 EP 116 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00502-7 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 121RK UT WOS:000076027600004 ER PT J AU Schofield, MA Aita, CR Rice, PM Gajdardziska-Josifovska, M AF Schofield, MA Aita, CR Rice, PM Gajdardziska-Josifovska, M TI Transmission electron microscopy study of zirconia-alumina nanolaminates grown by reactive sputter deposition. Part I: zirconia nanocrystallite growth morphology SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE growth mechanism; nanostructures; oxides; transmission electron microscopy ID KINETICS; SYSTEM; FILMS AB Pure zirconia films and zirconia-alumina nanolaminate films grown by reactive sputter deposition are studied by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). The phase composition and morphology associated with zirconia crystallite growth are investigated by examining films containing zirconia layers of varying thickness. These studies, performed at room temperature, suggest that the zirconia crystallites initially grow in the tetragonal phase to a critical size of 6.0 +/- 0.2 nm, in agreement with a value of 6.2 nm predicted by end-point thermodynamics. Past the critical size, incorporation of additional zirconia molecules into the zirconia layers is accomplished predominantly by transformation of the growing crystallites to the monoclinic phase, and less frequently by deposition of amorphous zirconia. Transformation to the monoclinic phase is accompanied by a highly faulted intermediary phase. The subsequent growth behavior of monoclinic crystallites is consistent with a three-dimensional intrface-controlled, diffusion-limited growth process with a growth exponent between 3 and 4. Nanoindentation measurements of nanolaminates with 5-nm thick zirconia lavers give a hardness of similar to 8 GPa for the upper strata where the morphology of the tetragonal zirconia layers contains an intrinsic roughness. The hardness increases to similar to 10 GPa closer to the substrate where the laminar morphology is more pronounced, Young's modulus is between 156 and 195 GPa for these same nanolaminates. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Surface Studies Lab, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Schofield, MA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Surface Studies Lab, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. RI Gajdardziska-Josifovska, Marija/H-9586-2014 NR 27 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 326 IS 1-2 BP 106 EP 116 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(98)00542-2 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 115YK UT WOS:000075693800015 ER PT J AU Schofield, MA Aita, CR Rice, PM Gajdardziska-Josifovska, M AF Schofield, MA Aita, CR Rice, PM Gajdardziska-Josifovska, M TI Transmission electron microscopy study of zirconia-alumina nanolaminates grown by reactive sputter deposition. Part II: transformation behavior of tetragonal zirconia nanocrystallites SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE nanostructures; oxides; phase transitions; transmission electron microscopy (TEM) ID SYSTEM AB Zirconia-alumina multilayer films consisting of polycrystalline tetragonal zirconia and amorphous alumina were grown by reactive sputter deposition to study the transformation behavior of tetragonal zirconia nanocrystallites during in-situ electron beam irradiation and cooling experiments in a transmission electron microscope. It was found that the constraint provided by the alumina layers in the nanolaminate was important in the stabilization of the tetragonal phase of the zirconia during irradiation and cooling, and overrides the thermodynamic prediction based on an unconstrained crystallite model which governs the phase composition of zirconia crystallites during growth. A partial transformation of the tetragonal zirconia crystallites to the monoclinic phase was observed in cases where the alumina constraint is greatly relaxed due to knock-on damage to the alumina layers by the electron beam of the microscope. In extreme cases of alumina loss, re-crystallization of the zirconia occurred producing larger monoclinic zirconia crystallites. Fundamentally, the nano-sized zirconia crystallites present in the films under investigation were found to have a different transformation behavior compared to micron-sized dopant-stabilized tetragonal zirconia crystallites. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Surface Studies Lab, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Schofield, MA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Surface Studies Lab, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. RI Gajdardziska-Josifovska, Marija/H-9586-2014 NR 20 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD AUG 4 PY 1998 VL 326 IS 1-2 BP 117 EP 125 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(98)00519-7 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 115YK UT WOS:000075693800016 ER PT J AU Tallarek, U van Dusschoten, D Van As, H Guiochon, G Bayer, E AF Tallarek, U van Dusschoten, D Van As, H Guiochon, G Bayer, E TI Direct observation of fluid mass transfer resistance in porous media by NMR spectroscopy SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE analytical methods; liquid chromatography mass transfer; NMR spectroscopy; porous materials ID PACKED-BEDS; TRANSPORT C1 Univ Tubingen, Inst Organ Chem, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. Agr Univ Wageningen, Dept Mol Phys, NL-6703 HA Wageningen, Netherlands. Agr Univ Wageningen, Wageningen NMR Ctr, NL-6703 HA Wageningen, Netherlands. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bayer, E (reprint author), Univ Tubingen, Inst Organ Chem, Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. RI Van As, Henk/A-2787-2013 OI Van As, Henk/0000-0003-1076-391X NR 16 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 13-14 BP 1882 EP 1885 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19980803)37:13/14<1882::AID-ANIE1882>3.0.CO;2-U PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 109NX UT WOS:000075330000022 ER PT J AU Hegarty, SP Huyet, G McInerney, JG Choquette, KD Geib, KM Hou, HQ AF Hegarty, SP Huyet, G McInerney, JG Choquette, KD Geib, KM Hou, HQ TI Size dependence of transverse mode structure in oxide-confined vertical-cavity laser diodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; THRESHOLD CURRENT AB We analyze the transverse mode structure of selectively oxidized vertical-cavity surface-emitting semiconductor lasers as a function of the aperture size and injection current. Measurements of the spectral splittings, the near and far field sizes and the response to pulsed operation demonstrate that a parasitic thermal lens can be a dominant factor in determining the transverse resonator properties of small (< 3 mu m) lasers. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Phys, Cork, Ireland. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Photon Res, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hegarty, SP (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Phys, Cork, Ireland. NR 12 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 5 BP 596 EP 598 DI 10.1063/1.121867 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108CV UT WOS:000075249200014 ER PT J AU Vanheusden, K Warren, WL Fleetwood, DM Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Draper, BL Winokur, PS Devine, RAB Archer, LB Brown, GA Wallace, RM AF Vanheusden, K Warren, WL Fleetwood, DM Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Draper, BL Winokur, PS Devine, RAB Archer, LB Brown, GA Wallace, RM TI Chemical kinetics of mobile-proton generation and annihilation in SiO2 thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERFACE; MECHANISM AB The chemical kinetics of mobile-proton reactions in the SiO2 film of Si/SiO2/Si structures were analyzed as a function of forming-gas anneal parameters in the 300-600 degrees C temperature range. Our data show that the initial buildup of mobile protons is limited by the rate of lateral hydrogen diffusion into the SiO2 films. The final density of mobile protons is determined by the cooling rate which terminates the annealing process and, in the case of subsequent anneals, by the temperature of the final anneal. To explain the observations, we propose a dynamical equilibrium model which assumes a reversible interfacial reaction with a temperature-dependent balance. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(98)02830-7]. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. France Telecom, Ctr Natl Etud Telecommun, F-38243 Meylan, France. Texas Instruments Inc, Dallas, TX 75243 USA. RP Vanheusden, K (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RI Wallace, Robert/A-5283-2008 OI Wallace, Robert/0000-0001-5566-4806 NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 5 BP 674 EP 676 DI 10.1063/1.121944 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108CV UT WOS:000075249200040 ER PT J AU Kwon, C Gim, Y Fan, Y Hundley, MF Roper, JM Arendt, PN Jia, QX AF Kwon, C Gim, Y Fan, Y Hundley, MF Roper, JM Arendt, PN Jia, QX TI Effect of in-plane epitaxy on magnetotransport properties of (La0.5Sr0.5)CoO3 thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED-ZIRCONIA; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SI AB We have systematically studied the temperature- and magnetic field-dependent resistance in (La0.5Sr0.5)CoO3 (LSCO) films with various degrees of in-plane texturing using the biaxially oriented LSCO on CeO2/YSZ/SiO2/Si substrates. We find that the ferromagnetic transition temperature, T-c, is much the same in all samples while the resistive transition exhibits metallic behavior (dR/dT > 0) in the epitaxial LSCO to semiconducting behavior (dR/dT < 0) in the poorly textured LSCO. The magnetoresistance (MR) in the epitaxial LSCO on a LaAlO3 substrate displays two distinct regions; the low field hysteretic MR related to the magnetization hysteresis and the high field linear negative MR due to the suppression of spin fluctuations. In contrast, the MR in the biaxially textured LSCO sample shows only the hysteretic behaviors at low fields and no linear MR at high fields. Compared to the polycrystalline-doped LaMnO3 which shows an enhanced MR at low fields, the MR in the biaxially oriented LSCO does not exhibit such characteristics. We attribute this to the differences in the spin polarization between LSCO and the doped LaMnO3. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(98)03931-X]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kwon, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Mail Stop K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Kwon, Chuhee/A-8687-2008; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 14 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 73 IS 5 BP 695 EP 697 DI 10.1063/1.121951 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108CV UT WOS:000075249200047 ER PT J AU Palmer, KS Rostal, DC Grumbles, JS Mulvey, M AF Palmer, KS Rostal, DC Grumbles, JS Mulvey, M TI Long-term sperm storage in the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID OVIDUCT; POPULATIONS; TURTLE C1 Georgia So Univ, Dept Biol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29801 USA. RP Rostal, DC (reprint author), Georgia So Univ, Dept Biol, POB 8042, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. NR 16 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS BUSINESS OFFICE PI CARBONDALE PA SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, DEPT ZOOLOGY, CARBONDALE, IL 62901-6501 USA SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD AUG 3 PY 1998 IS 3 BP 702 EP 705 DI 10.2307/1447800 PG 4 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 109WU UT WOS:000075348000016 ER PT J AU Jenssen, TA Hovde, KA Taney, KG AF Jenssen, TA Hovde, KA Taney, KG TI Size-related habitat use by nonbreeding Anolis carolinensis lizards SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID MORPHOLOGY; BEHAVIOR; PERFORMANCE; EVOLUTION C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Jenssen, TA (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 33 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS BUSINESS OFFICE PI CARBONDALE PA SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, DEPT ZOOLOGY, CARBONDALE, IL 62901-6501 USA SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD AUG 3 PY 1998 IS 3 BP 774 EP 779 DI 10.2307/1447814 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 109WU UT WOS:000075348000030 ER PT J AU Gibbons, JW Congdon, JD AF Gibbons, JW Congdon, JD TI Joshua Laerm - 1942-1997 - Obituaries SO COPEIA LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Gibbons, JW (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS BUSINESS OFFICE PI CARBONDALE PA SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, DEPT ZOOLOGY, CARBONDALE, IL 62901-6501 USA SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD AUG 3 PY 1998 IS 3 BP 821 EP 822 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 109WU UT WOS:000075348000034 ER PT J AU Cowley, RA Gehring, PM Gibbs, D Goff, JP Lake, B Majkrzak, CF Vigliante, A Ward, RCC Wells, MR AF Cowley, RA Gehring, PM Gibbs, D Goff, JP Lake, B Majkrzak, CF Vigliante, A Ward, RCC Wells, MR TI The magnetic phase transition of a lattice-matched holmium thin film SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID 2 LENGTH SCALES; CRITICAL FLUCTUATIONS; X-RAY; T-N; SCATTERING; ORIGIN AB Neutron and x-ray scattering measurements have been made of the magnetic phase transition in a thin single-crystal film of holmium. The 5000 Angstrom film was grown on a seed of a lutetium and yttrium alloy with a concentration chosen such that the basal plane was lattice matched to the holmium film. It was capped by 10 000 Angstrom of a similar film. The measurements below T-N gave the critical exponent beta = 0.37 +/- 0.03. Above T-N the scattering suggests that the anomalous long-length-scale scattering is at least 20 times weaker than has been observed in similar experiments on bulk and thin-film holmium. These results show that the long-length-scale scattering is associated with the crystallographic surface rather than the end of the magnetic layer. The implications of this result for the origin of this type of scattering are discussed. C1 Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Cowley, RA (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. OI Lake, Bella/0000-0003-0034-0964; Gehring, Peter/0000-0002-9236-2046 NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 10 IS 30 BP 6803 EP 6812 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/10/30/018 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 109MF UT WOS:000075325800018 ER PT J AU Morgan, WF Corcoran, J Hartmann, I Kaplan, MI Limoli, CL Ponnaiya, B AF Morgan, WF Corcoran, J Hartmann, I Kaplan, MI Limoli, CL Ponnaiya, B TI DNA double-strand breaks, chromosomal rearrangements, and genomic instability SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Chromosomal Aberrations CY AUG 26-29, 1998 CL UNIV ESSEN, ESSEN, GERMANY HO UNIV ESSEN DE DNA double-strand break; chromosomal rearrangement; genomic instability ID HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; IONIZING-RADIATION; ABERRATIONS; ENDONUCLEASES; DAMAGE; DEATH AB DNA double-strand breaks can lead to chromosomal rearrangements at the first mitosis after exposure to the DNA strand-breaking agent. The evidence suggests a number of different pathways for DNA double-strand break rejoining in mammalian cells, but it is unclear what factors determine the fate of the induced break and whether or not it will lead to chromosomal rearrangement. If a cell does survive and proliferate after DNA cleavage, delayed chromosomal instability can be observed in the clonal descendants of the exposed cell. Most, but not all DNA double-strand breaking agents are effective at inducing this delayed chromosomal instability. In this paper, we review the evidence for the role of the DNA double-strand break in directly induced and delayed chromosomal rearrangements. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Grad Grp Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Morgan, WF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiat Oncol, POB 0750, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [5-T32-ES07016]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 54189] NR 14 TC 72 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 404 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 125 EP 128 DI 10.1016/S0027-5107(98)00104-3 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 113JE UT WOS:000075546700018 PM 9729329 ER PT J AU Bardakci, K AF Bardakci, K TI String field equations from the generalized sigma model II SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE renormalization group; generalized sigma model; string field equations ID RENORMALIZATION-GROUP EQUATION; WILSON; SPACE AB We improve and extend a method introduced in an earlier paper for deriving string field equations. The idea is to impose conformal invariance on a generalized sigma model, using a background field method that ensures covariance under very general non-local coordinate transformations. The method is used to derive the free string equations, as well as the interacting equations for the graviton-dilaton system. The full interacting string field equations derived by this method should be manifestly background independent. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bardakci, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kbardakci@lbl.gov NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 524 IS 3 BP 545 EP 575 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00317-4 PG 31 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 107AY UT WOS:000075184700003 ER PT J AU Asbury, JB Ghosh, HN Yeston, JS Bergman, RG Lian, TQ AF Asbury, JB Ghosh, HN Yeston, JS Bergman, RG Lian, TQ TI Sub-picosecond IR study of the reactive intermediate in an alkane C-H bond activation reaction by CpRh(CO)(2) SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; DICARBONYL COMPLEXES; OXIDATIVE ADDITION; METAL-COMPLEXES; DYNAMICS; METHANE AB The reactive intermediate in a cyclohexane C-H bond activation reaction by CpRh(CO)(2) has been identified as the cyclohexane solvate eta(5)-CPRh(CO)(C6H12) by sub-picosecond infrared spectroscopy. C1 Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lian, TQ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Chem, 1515 Pierce Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RI Lian, Tianquan/L-8992-2013; Ghosh, Hirendra/J-8776-2012 OI Lian, Tianquan/0000-0002-8351-3690; NR 21 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 17 IS 16 BP 3417 EP 3419 DI 10.1021/om980194f PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 110JW UT WOS:000075378500005 ER PT J AU Mobley, TA Schade, C Bergman, RG AF Mobley, TA Schade, C Bergman, RG TI Stereochemical investigations of the mechanism of C-H bond activation. Diastereomeric and isotopic scrambling in (hydrido)alkyliridium complexes SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID RARE-GASES; OXIDATIVE ADDITION; TRANSITION-METAL; TRANSIENT CYCLOPENTADIENYLCARBONYLRHODIUM; REDUCTIVE ELIMINATION; MATRIX PHOTOCHEMISTRY; METHANE ACTIVATION; HYDRIDE COMPLEXES; ALKANE; RHODIUM AB The diastereomeric complexes (RS),(SR)-((2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl)(Cp*) (PMe3)IrH) (2a) and (RR),(SS)-((2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl)(Cp*) (PMe3)IrH) (2b) and their alpha-deuterated analogues (2a-alpha(d1), 2b-alpha(d1)) were synthesized in racemic form and separated by low-temperature (-80 degrees C) column chromatography. Thermolysis (140 degrees C) of diastereomerically pure 2a or 2b in C6D6 results in its interconversion to the other diastereomer. Thermolysis of the deuterium-labeled analogues 2a-alpha(d1) and 2b-alpha(d1) results additionally in scrambling of deuterium from the alpha-position of the dimethylcylopropyl ring to the metal hydride position. Diastereomer interconversion and isotopic scrambling occur at similar rates, which are faster than the rate observed for the reductive elimination of dimethylcyclopropane and subsequent oxidative addition of C6D6. Quantitative analysis of these rate data is reported. The similarity of these rates is discussed in terms of a common intermediate mechanism involving a metal alkane (or "sigma-alkane") complex. This mechanism is used as a basis far comparison of the rearrangement processes in the current iridium system and the previously reported analogous rhodium system. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bergman, RG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 54 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 17 IS 16 BP 3574 EP 3587 DI 10.1021/om980355f PG 14 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 110JW UT WOS:000075378500027 ER PT J AU Abe, K Abe, K Abe, T Adam, I Akagi, T Allen, NJ Arodzero, A Ash, WW Aston, D Baird, KG Baltay, C Band, HR Barakat, MB Bardon, O Barklow, TL Bauer, JM Bellodi, G Ben-David, R Benvenuti, AC Bilei, GM Bisello, D Blaylock, G Bogart, JR Bolen, B Bower, GR Brau, JE Breidenbach, M Bugg, WM Burke, D Burnett, TH Burrows, PN Calcaterra, A Caldwell, DO Calloway, D Camanzi, B Carpinelli, M Cassell, R Castaldi, R Castro, A Cavalli-Sforza, M Chou, A Church, E Cohn, HO Coller, JA Convery, MR Cook, V Cotton, R Cowan, RF Coyne, DG Crawford, G Damerell, CJS Danielson, MN Daoudi, M de Groot, N Dell'Orso, R Dervan, PJ de Sangro, R Dima, M D'Oliveira, A Dong, DN Du, PYC Dubois, R Eisenstein, BI Eschenburg, V Etzion, E Fahey, S Falciai, D Fan, C Fernandez, JP Fero, MJ Flood, K Frey, R Gillman, T Gladding, G Gonzalez, S Hart, EL Harton, JL Hasan, A Hasuko, K Hedges, SJ Hertzbach, SS Hildreth, MD Huber, J Huffer, ME Hughes, EW Huynh, X Hwang, H Iwasaki, M Jackson, DJ Jacques, P Jaros, JA Jiang, ZY Johnson, AS Johnson, JR Johnson, RA Junk, T Kajikawa, R Kalelkar, M Kamyshkov, Y Kang, HJ Karliner, I Kawahara, H Kim, YD King, R King, ME Kofler, RR Krishna, NM Kroeger, RS Langston, M Lath, A Leith, DWG Lia, V Lin, CJS Liu, X Liu, MX Loreti, M Lu, A Lynch, HL Ma, J Mancinelli, G Manly, S Mantovani, G Markiewicz, TW Maruyama, T Masuda, H Mazzucato, E McKemey, AK Meadows, BT Menegatti, G Messner, R Mockett, PM Moffeit, KC Moore, TB Morii, M Muller, D Murzin, V Nagamine, T Narita, S Nauenberg, U Neal, H Nussbaum, M Oishi, N Onoprienko, D Osborne, LS Panvini, RS Park, H Park, CH Pavel, TJ Peruzzi, I Piccolo, M PIemontese, L Pieroni, E Pitts, KT Plano, RJ Prepost, R Prescott, CY Punkar, GD Quigley, J Ratcliff, BN Reeves, TW Reidy, J Reinertsen, PL Rensing, PE Rochester, LS Rowson, PC Russell, JJ Saxton, OH Schalk, T Schindler, RH Schumm, BA Schwiening, J Sen, S Serbo, VV Shaevitz, MH Shank, JT Shapiro, G Sherden, DJ Shmakov, KD Simopoulos, C Sinev, NB Smith, SR Smy, MB Snyder, JA Staengle, H Stahl, A Stamer, P Steiner, H Steiner, R Strauss, MG Su, D Suekane, F Sugiyama, A Suzuki, S Swartz, M Szumilo, A Takahashi, T Taylor, FE Thom, J Torrence, E Toumbas, NK Trandafir, AI Turk, JD Usher, T Vannini, C Va'vra, J Vella, E Venuti, JP Verdier, R Verdini, PG Wagner, SR Wagner, DL Waite, AP Walston, S Wang, J Ward, C Watts, SJ Weidemann, AW Weiss, ER Whitaker, JS White, SL Wickens, FJ Williams, B Williams, DC Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, WJ Wittlin, JL Woods, M Word, GB Wright, TR Wyss, J Yamamoto, RK Yamartino, JM Yang, X Yashima, J Yellin, SJ Young, CC Yuta, H Zapalac, G Zdarko, RW Zhou, J AF Abe, K Abe, K Abe, T Adam, I Akagi, T Allen, NJ Arodzero, A Ash, WW Aston, D Baird, KG Baltay, C Band, HR Barakat, MB Bardon, O Barklow, TL Bauer, JM Bellodi, G Ben-David, R Benvenuti, AC Bilei, GM Bisello, D Blaylock, G Bogart, JR Bolen, B Bower, GR Brau, JE Breidenbach, M Bugg, WM Burke, D Burnett, TH Burrows, PN Calcaterra, A Caldwell, DO Calloway, D Camanzi, B Carpinelli, M Cassell, R Castaldi, R Castro, A Cavalli-Sforza, M Chou, A Church, E Cohn, HO Coller, JA Convery, MR Cook, V Cotton, R Cowan, RF Coyne, DG Crawford, G Damerell, CJS Danielson, MN Daoudi, M de Groot, N Dell'Orso, R Dervan, PJ de Sangro, R Dima, M D'Oliveira, A Dong, DN Du, PYC Dubois, R Eisenstein, BI Eschenburg, V Etzion, E Fahey, S Falciai, D Fan, C Fernandez, JP Fero, MJ Flood, K Frey, R Gillman, T Gladding, G Gonzalez, S Hart, EL Harton, JL Hasan, A Hasuko, K Hedges, SJ Hertzbach, SS Hildreth, MD Huber, J Huffer, ME Hughes, EW Huynh, X Hwang, H Iwasaki, M Jackson, DJ Jacques, P Jaros, JA Jiang, ZY Johnson, AS Johnson, JR Johnson, RA Junk, T Kajikawa, R Kalelkar, M Kamyshkov, Y Kang, HJ Karliner, I Kawahara, H Kim, YD King, R King, ME Kofler, RR Krishna, NM Kroeger, RS Langston, M Lath, A Leith, DWG Lia, V Lin, CJS Liu, X Liu, MX Loreti, M Lu, A Lynch, HL Ma, J Mancinelli, G Manly, S Mantovani, G Markiewicz, TW Maruyama, T Masuda, H Mazzucato, E McKemey, AK Meadows, BT Menegatti, G Messner, R Mockett, PM Moffeit, KC Moore, TB Morii, M Muller, D Murzin, V Nagamine, T Narita, S Nauenberg, U Neal, H Nussbaum, M Oishi, N Onoprienko, D Osborne, LS Panvini, RS Park, H Park, CH Pavel, TJ Peruzzi, I Piccolo, M PIemontese, L Pieroni, E Pitts, KT Plano, RJ Prepost, R Prescott, CY Punkar, GD Quigley, J Ratcliff, BN Reeves, TW Reidy, J Reinertsen, PL Rensing, PE Rochester, LS Rowson, PC Russell, JJ Saxton, OH Schalk, T Schindler, RH Schumm, BA Schwiening, J Sen, S Serbo, VV Shaevitz, MH Shank, JT Shapiro, G Sherden, DJ Shmakov, KD Simopoulos, C Sinev, NB Smith, SR Smy, MB Snyder, JA Staengle, H Stahl, A Stamer, P Steiner, H Steiner, R Strauss, MG Su, D Suekane, F Sugiyama, A Suzuki, S Swartz, M Szumilo, A Takahashi, T Taylor, FE Thom, J Torrence, E Toumbas, NK Trandafir, AI Turk, JD Usher, T Vannini, C Va'vra, J Vella, E Venuti, JP Verdier, R Verdini, PG Wagner, SR Wagner, DL Waite, AP Walston, S Wang, J Ward, C Watts, SJ Weidemann, AW Weiss, ER Whitaker, JS White, SL Wickens, FJ Williams, B Williams, DC Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, WJ Wittlin, JL Woods, M Word, GB Wright, TR Wyss, J Yamamoto, RK Yamartino, JM Yang, X Yashima, J Yellin, SJ Young, CC Yuta, H Zapalac, G Zdarko, RW Zhou, J TI Direct measurement of parity violation in the coupling of Z(0) bosons to b quarks using a mass tag and momentum-weighted track charge SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANNIHILATION; COLLISIONS; ASYMMETRY AB We present a direct measurement of the parity-violation parameter A(b) using a self-calibrating track-charge technique. In the SLAG Linear Collider Large Detector (SLD) experiment we observe hadronic decays of Z(0) bosons produced in collisions between longitudinally polarized electrons and unpolarized positrons at the SLAG Linear Collider. A sample of b (b) over bar events is selected using the topologically reconstructed mass of B hadrons. From our 1993-1995 sample of approximately 150 000 hadronic Z(0) decays, we obtain A(b) = 0.911 +/- 0.045(stat) +/- 0.045(syst). C1 Aomori Univ, Aomori 030, Japan. Adelphi Univ, Garden City, NY 11530 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. INFN, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Phys 50B5211, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. Nagoya Univ, Nagoya, Aichi 464, Japan. Univ Oregon, Dept Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, I-35100 Padua, Italy. Univ Perugia, INFN, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Rutgers State Univ, Serin Phys Lab, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. Sogang Univ, Seoul, South Korea. Soongsil Univ, Seoul 156743, South Korea. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tohoku Univ, Bubble Chamber Lab, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Stevenson Ctr, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Abe, K (reprint author), Aomori Univ, 2-3-1 Kohata, Aomori 030, Japan. RI de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; OI Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; pieroni, enrico/0000-0002-4246-6963; Wyss, Jeffery/0000-0002-8277-4012 NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 5 BP 942 EP 946 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.942 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 106LH UT WOS:000075130400003 ER PT J AU Ramayya, AV Hwang, JK Hamilton, JH Sandulescu, A Florescu, A Ter-Akopian, GM Daniel, AV Oganessian, YT Popeko, GS Greiner, W Cole, JD AF Ramayya, AV Hwang, JK Hamilton, JH Sandulescu, A Florescu, A Ter-Akopian, GM Daniel, AV Oganessian, YT Popeko, GS Greiner, W Cole, JD CA GANDS95 Collaboration TI Observation of Be-10 emission in the cold ternary spontaneous fission of Cf-252 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RADIOACTIVITY AB The emission of Be-10 in ternary cold neutronless spontaneous fission of Cf-252 is observed with the Gammasphere consisting of 72 detectors. The gamma ray corresponding to the decay of the first 2(+) state in Be-10 is observed in coincidence with the gamma rays of the fission partners of Sr-96 and Ba-146. The yield to the first excited state of Be-10 in the Sr-96-Ba-146 split is the order of 4.0 x 10(-4) per 100 fission events. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Inst Atom Phys, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Johann Wolfgang Goethe Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Ramayya, AV (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 12 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 5 BP 947 EP 950 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.947 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 106LH UT WOS:000075130400004 ER PT J AU Davidson, RC AF Davidson, RC TI Nonlinear stability theorem for high-intensity charged particle beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Global conservation constraints based on the nonlinear Vlasov-Maxwell equations are used to derive a three-dimensional kinetic stability theorem for an intense non-neutral ion beam (or charge bunch) propagating with average axial velocity upsilon(b) = const. It is shown that a sufficient condition for linear and nonlinear stability for perturbations with arbitrary polarization is that the equilibrium distribution be a monotonically decreasing function of the single-particle energy H' in the beam frame, i.e., partial derivative f(eq)(H')/partial derivative H' less than or equal to 0. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Davidson, RC (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 12 TC 56 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 5 BP 991 EP 994 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.991 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 106LH UT WOS:000075130400015 ER PT J AU Mach, P Pindak, R Levelut, AM Barois, P Nguyen, HT Huang, CC Furenlid, L AF Mach, P Pindak, R Levelut, AM Barois, P Nguyen, HT Huang, CC Furenlid, L TI Structural characterization of various chiral smectic-C phases by resonant X-ray scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANTIFERROELECTRIC LIQUID-CRYSTALS; FORBIDDEN REFLECTIONS; TRANSITIONS; SERIES; MODEL AB We report the results of resonant x-ray diffraction at the sulfur K-edge performed upon free-standing films of a thiobenzoate liquid-crystal compound. Our data provide the first direct structural evidence of distinct periodicities in several chiral Sm-C phases, including 2-layer, 3-layer, and 4-layer superlattices in Sm-C-A*, Sm-C-FI1*, and Sm-C-FI2*, respectively. In Sm-C-alpha*, periodicity incommensurate with the layer spacing was detected. The racemic compound version was also studied. The results are consistent with a "clock model" of the Sm-C* variant structures. C1 Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Univ Paris 11, Phys Solides Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Rech Paul Pascal, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 22 TC 293 Z9 293 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 5 BP 1015 EP 1018 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1015 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 106LH UT WOS:000075130400021 ER PT J AU Brown, DW Sokol, PE Ehrlich, SN AF Brown, DW Sokol, PE Ehrlich, SN TI New disorder induced phase transitions of classical rare gases in porous vycor glass SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERFLUID TRANSITION; NEUTRON-SCATTERING AB We report the results of x-ray diffraction studies of Ar and Kr confined in Vycor glass. The freezing and melting temperatures of both Ar and Kr were suppressed well below their bulk freezing points. On solidification, both samples crystallized in a disordered hexagonal close packed structure similar to that observed in molecular dynamics simulations of confined solids. A new solid-solid phase transition is observed at a reduced temperature of T/T-f approximate to 0.5 when confined to Vycor. Below this temperature the disordered hexagonal closed packed structure coexists with the fcc structure. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Brown, DW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 5 BP 1019 EP 1022 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1019 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 106LH UT WOS:000075130400022 ER PT J AU Morr, DK Pines, D AF Morr, DK Pines, D TI The resonance peak in cuprate superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC-NEUTRON-SCATTERING; T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; NORMAL-STATE; YBA2CU3O7; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB We pursue the consequences of a theory in which the resonance peak observed in inelastic neutron scattering experiments on underdoped and optimally doped YBa2Cu3O6+x compounds arises from a spin-wave excitation. We find that it is heavily damped in the normal state and only becomes visible in the superconducting state due to the drastic decrease in spin damping. We show that a spin-fermion model correctly describes the doping dependence of the peak position and of the integrated intensity. Finally, we make several predictions concerning resonance peaks in other cuprate superconductors. C1 Univ Illinois, Loomis Lab Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Morr, DK (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Loomis Lab Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 30 TC 110 Z9 110 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 3 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 5 BP 1086 EP 1089 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1086 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 106LH UT WOS:000075130400039 ER PT J AU Nelson, WR Haney, LN Ostrom, LT Richards, RE AF Nelson, WR Haney, LN Ostrom, LT Richards, RE TI Structured methods for identifying and correcting potential human errors in space operations SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article AB Human performance plays a significant role in the development and operation of any complex system, and human errors are significant contributors to degraded performance, incidents, and accidents for technologies as diverse as medical systems, commercial aircraft, offshore oil platforms, nuclear power plants, and space systems. To date, serious accidents attributed to human error have fortunately been rare in space operations. However, as flight rates go up and the duration of space missions increases, the accident rate could increase unless proactive action is taken to identify and correct potential human errors in space operations. The Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) has developed and applied structured methods of human error analysis to identify potential human errors, assess their effects on system performance, and develop strategies to prevent the errors or mitigate their consequences. These methods are being applied in NASA-sponsored programs to the domain of commercial aviation, focusing on airplane maintenance and air traffic management. The application of human error analysis to space operations could contribute to minimize the risks associated with human error in the design and operation of future space systems. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lockheed Martin Idaho Technol, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Nelson, WR (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Idaho Technol, Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-AC07-94ID13223] NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0094-5765 J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT JI Acta Astronaut. PD AUG-SEP PY 1998 VL 43 IS 3-6 BP 211 EP 222 DI 10.1016/S0094-5765(98)00155-6 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 121CE UT WOS:000075993900012 PM 11541925 ER PT J AU Reidys, CM AF Reidys, CM TI Acyclic orientations of random graphs SO ADVANCES IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE random graph; acyclic orientation ID NUMBER AB An acyclic orientation of an undirected graph is an orientation of its edges such that the resulting directed graph contains no cycles. The random graph G(n,p) is a probability space consisting of subgraphs of K-n that are obtained by selecting each K-n-edge with independent probability p. The random graph Q(2,p)(n) is defined analogously and consists of subgraphs of the n-cube, Q(2)(n). In this paper we first derive a bijection between certain equivalence classes of permutations and acyclic orientations. Second, we present a lower and an upper bound on the r.v. a(G(n,p)) that counts the number of acyclic orientations of G(n,p). Finally we study the distribution of a(G(n,p)) and a(Q(2,p)(n)) and show that log(2)a(G(n,p)) and log(2)a(Q(2,p)(n)) are sharply concentrated at their respective expectation values. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, TSA, DO SA, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reidys, CM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, TSA, DO SA, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM duck@tsasa.lanl.gov NR 13 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0196-8858 J9 ADV APPL MATH JI Adv. Appl. Math. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 21 IS 2 BP 181 EP 192 DI 10.1006/aama.1998.0595 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 103EB UT WOS:000075144000001 ER PT J AU Lee, CL AF Lee, CL TI Limit cycle measurements from a cantilever beam attached to a rotating body SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, New Technol Engn Div, Struct Mech Grp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lee, CL (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, New Technol Engn Div, Struct Mech Grp, Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 36 IS 8 BP 1540 EP 1541 PG 2 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 105HJ UT WOS:000075066400028 ER PT J AU Khanna, S Motwani, R Wilson, RH AF Khanna, S Motwani, R Wilson, RH TI On certificates and lookahead in dynamic graph problems SO ALGORITHMICA LA English DT Article DE dynamic algorithms; graph algorithms; lookahead algorithms; graph certificates; sparsification; strong connectivity; transitive closure ID ONLINE AB Recent work in dynamic graph algorithms has led to efficient algorithms for dynamic undirected graph problems such as connectivity. However, no efficient deterministic algorithms are known for the dynamic versions of fundamental directed graph problems like strong connectivity and transitive closure, as well as some undirected graph problems such as maximum matchings and cuts. We provide some explanation for this lack of success by presenting quadratic lower bounds on the certificate complexity of the seemingly difficult problems, in contrast to the known linear certificate complexity for the problems which have efficient dynamic algorithms. In many applications of dynamic (di)graph problems, a certain form of lookahead is available. Specifically, we consider the problems of assembly planning in robotics and the maintenance of relations in databases. These give rise to dynamic strong connectivity and dynamic transitive closure problems, respectively. We explain why it is reasonable, and indeed natural and desirable, to assume that lookahead is available in these two applications. Exploiting lookahead to circumvent their inherent complexity, we obtain efficient dynamic algorithms for strong connectivity and transitive closure. C1 AT&T Bell Labs, Dept Fundamental Math Res, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Intelligent Syst & Robot Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Khanna, S (reprint author), AT&T Bell Labs, Dept Fundamental Math Res, 600 Mt Ave, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-4617 EI 1432-0541 J9 ALGORITHMICA JI Algorithmica PD AUG PY 1998 VL 21 IS 4 BP 377 EP 394 DI 10.1007/PL00009220 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA ZP280 UT WOS:000073736500003 ER PT J AU Maj, J Kustom, R AF Maj, J Kustom, R TI Multipactor protection of APS/rf equipment SO AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB Titanium-vapor deposition appears to be a solution to the multipactoring problem of ceramic and copper surfaces of radio-frequency equipment. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Maj, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 USA SN 0002-7812 J9 AM CERAM SOC BULL JI Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 77 IS 8 BP 75 EP 77 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 111AB UT WOS:000075414200003 ER PT J AU Allayee, H Aouizerat, BE Cantor, RM Dallinga-Thie, GM Krauss, RM Lanning, CD Rotter, JI Lusis, AJ de Bruin, TWA AF Allayee, H Aouizerat, BE Cantor, RM Dallinga-Thie, GM Krauss, RM Lanning, CD Rotter, JI Lusis, AJ de Bruin, TWA TI Families with familial combined hyperlipidemia and families enriched for coronary artery disease share genetic determinants for the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX SEGREGATION ANALYSIS; SERUM TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS; SUBCLASS PATTERNS; APOLIPOPROTEIN-B; COMBINED HYPERLIPEMIA; STABLE ISOTOPES; HEART-DISEASE; PARTICLE-SIZE; DENSITY; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Small, dense LDL particles consistently have been associated with hypertriglyceridemia, premature coronary artery disease (CAD), and familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH). previously, we have observed linkage of LDL particle size with four separate candidate-gene loci in a study of families enriched for CAD. These loci contain the genes for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), on chromosome 6q; for apolipoprotein AI-CIII-AIV, on chromosome 11q; for cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), on chromosome 16q; and for the LDL receptor (LDLR), on chromosome 19p. We have now tested whether these loci also contribute to LDL particle size in families ascertained for FCH. The members of 18 families (481 individuals) were typed for genetic markers at the four loci, and linkage to LDL particle size was assessed by nonparametric sib-pair linkage analysis. The presence of small, dense LDL (pattern B) was much more frequent in the FCH probands (39%) than in the spouse controls (4%). Evidence for linkage was observed at the MnSOD (P = .02), CETP/LCAT (P = .03), and apolipoprotein AI-CIII-AIV loci (P = .005) but not at the LDLR locus. We conclude that there is a genetically based association between FCH and small, dense LDL and that the genetic determinants for LDL particle size are shared, at least in part, among FCH families and the more general population at risk for CAD. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Cedars Sinai Res Inst, Dept Med, Div Med Genet, Los Angeles, CA USA. Cedars Sinai Res Inst, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Utrecht Hosp, Dept Med, Utrecht, Netherlands. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Hosp Maastricht, Dept Med, Maastricht, Netherlands. Univ Hosp Maastricht, Dept Endocrinol, Maastricht, Netherlands. RP Lusis, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Med,Div Cardiol 47 123, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR03655]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-28481, HL 18574] NR 36 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 63 IS 2 BP 577 EP 585 DI 10.1086/301983 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 110CB UT WOS:000075360800034 PM 9683614 ER PT J AU Thomasset, N Lochter, A Sympson, CJ Lund, LR Williams, DR Behrendtsen, O Werb, Z Bissell, MJ AF Thomasset, N Lochter, A Sympson, CJ Lund, LR Williams, DR Behrendtsen, O Werb, Z Bissell, MJ TI Expression of autoactivated stromelysin-1 in mammary glands of transgenic mice leads to a reactive stroma during early development SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENDOTHELIAL-CELL ADHESION; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; BREAST-CARCINOMA; GENE-EXPRESSION; TUMOR ANGIOGENESIS; TENASCIN ISOFORMS; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; MOUSE; DIFFERENTIATION AB Extracellular matrix and extracellular matrix-degrading matrix metalloproteinases play a key role in interactions between the epithelium and the mesenchyme during mammary gland development and disease. in patients with breast cancer, the mammary mesenchyme undergoes a stromal reaction, the etiology of which is unknown. We previously showed that targeting of an autoactivating mutant of the matrix metalloproteinase stromelysin-1 to mammary epithelia of transgenic mice resulted in reduced mammary function during pregnancy and development of pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Here ne examine the cascade of alterations before breast tumor formation in the mammary gland stroma once the expression of the stromelysin-1 transgene commences. Beginning in postpubertal virgin animals, low levels of transgene expression in mammary epithelia led to increased expression of endogenous stromelysin-1 in stromal fibroblasts and up-regulation of other matrix metalloproteinases, without basement membrane disruption. These changes were accompanied by the progressive development of a compensatory reactive stroma, characterized by increased collagen content and vascularization in glands from virgin mice. This remodeling of the gland affected epithelial-mesenchymal communication as indicated by inappropriate expression of tenascin-C starting by day 6 of pregnancy. This, together with increased transgene expression, led to basement membrane disruption starting by day 15 of pregnancy. We propose that the highly reactive stroma provides a prelude to breast epithelial tumors observed in these animals. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Bissell, MJ (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 83-101, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 57621, CA 64786, R01 CA057621, R01 CA064786, R37 CA064786] NR 51 TC 109 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 153 IS 2 BP 457 EP 467 DI 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65589-7 PG 11 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 108LY UT WOS:000075268900015 PM 9708806 ER PT J AU Marshall, RC Powers-Risius, P Huesman, RH Reutter, BW Taylor, SE Maurer, HE Huesman, MK Budinger, TF AF Marshall, RC Powers-Risius, P Huesman, RH Reutter, BW Taylor, SE Maurer, HE Huesman, MK Budinger, TF TI Estimating glucose metabolism using glucose analogs and two tracer kinetic models in isolated rabbit heart SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fluorodeoxyglucose; deoxyglucose; positron emission tomography ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; BRAIN TRANSFER CONSTANTS; WORKING RAT-HEART; TIME UPTAKE DATA; LUMPED CONSTANT; GRAPHICAL EVALUATION; CORONARY FLOW; FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE; DEOXYGLUCOSE; INSULIN AB The purpose of this investigation was to I) evaluate the relative accuracy of the Sokoloff and Patlak tracer kinetic models in estimating glucose metabolic rate (GMR) in the presence and absence of insulin; 2) evaluate the effect of nutritional state on the lumped constant (LC); and 3) compare the kinetics of 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-[C-14]glucose (FDG) and 2-deoxy-D-[H-3]glucose (DG) membrane transport and phosphorylation. The experimental preparation was the isolated, red blood cell-albumin-perfused rabbit heart. Our results showed that both tracer kinetic models provided GMR estimates that correlated well with the Fick method (for FDG, R = 0.84 and 0.91 for the Sokoloff and Patlak models, respectively); nutritional state did not affect the LC; and FDG and DG have different transport and/or phosphorylation parameters. We also observed that 1) the addition of a fourth compartment to the Sokoloff model reduced the mean squared error between measured and modeled data by a factor of 7.4; 2) a longer time (21.8 min) was required to obtain a linear phase of the Patlak plot than is allowed in clinical studies; and 3) accurate GMR estimates were obtained only by using different LCs reflecting insulin's presence or absence. Our results indicate potential sources of error in the use of FDG and positron emission tomography to quantify GMR in patients. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. No Calif Hlth Care Syst, Martinez Vet Affairs, Martinez, CA 94553 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Marshall, RC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Imaging, Bldg 55-121,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL-25840, R01 HL-48068] NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 275 IS 2 BP H668 EP H679 PG 12 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 107EN UT WOS:000075194200040 PM 9683457 ER PT J AU Weinberg, AM AF Weinberg, AM TI In memoriam: Howard I. Adler SO ANAEROBE LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Weinberg, AM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1075-9964 J9 ANAEROBE JI Anaerobe PD AUG PY 1998 VL 4 IS 4 BP U9 EP U9 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 140YG UT WOS:000077097800001 ER PT J AU Fung, EN Yeung, ES AF Fung, EN Yeung, ES TI Direct analysis of single rat peritoneal mast cells with laser vaporization ionization mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; HISTAMINE AB A linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer was used as a detector for now cytometry. These two techniques were coupled by a laser vaporization/ionization interface. The estimated mass detection limit of the combined system was 20 amol of serotonin standard with one laser pulse. An aqueous buffer at physiological pH was used to ensure compatibility with cells. Rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs) were dispensed into the mass spectrometer in a single file confined within a 20-mu m-i.d. capillary. By using the mass spectrometer as a detector, no precolumn staining or derivatization is required. Determination of serotonin and histamine in individual cells was demonstrated. With this method, hundreds of cells can be analyzed within a few minutes. The average amounts of histamine and serotonin per RPMC were found to be 0.75 +/- 0.33 and 0.11 +/- 0.06 fmol, respectively. No correlation was found between the amounts of the two amines in each cell. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yeung, ES (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 26 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 15 BP 3206 EP 3212 DI 10.1021/ac980290q PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 107VQ UT WOS:000075232000026 PM 11013722 ER PT J AU Yang, LY Lee, CS Hofstadler, SA Pasa-Tolic, L Smith, RD AF Yang, LY Lee, CS Hofstadler, SA Pasa-Tolic, L Smith, RD TI Capillary isoelectric focusing-electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry for protein characterization SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LARGE MOLECULES; ELECTROPHORESIS; BIOMOLECULES; DISSOCIATION; IRRADIATION; SPECTRA AB On-line combination of capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF) with electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (ESI-FTICR) mass spectrometry is demonstrated for high-resolution analysis of model proteins, human hemoglobin variants, and Escherichia coli proteins. The acquisition of high-resolution mass spectra of hemoglobin beta chains allows direct identification of hemoglobin variants A and C, differing in molecular mass by 1 Da. Direct mass determination of cellular proteins separated in the CIEF capillary is achieved using their isotopic envelopes obtained from ESI-FTICR. The factors which dictate overall performance of CIEF-ESI-FTICR, including duty cycle, mass resolution, scan rate, and sensitivity, are discussed in the context of protein variants and cell lysates analyzed in this study. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lee, CS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM CL143@umail.umd.edu.R.D.S; rd_smith@pnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 34 TC 75 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 15 BP 3235 EP 3241 DI 10.1021/ac980224o PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 107VQ UT WOS:000075232000030 PM 11013724 ER PT J AU Bailey, CG Yan, C AF Bailey, CG Yan, C TI Separation of explosives using capillary electrochromatography SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PHOTODIODE-ARRAY DETECTION; WATER AB The identification of explosives and their degradation products is important in forensic and environmental applications. Complete separation of these structurally similar compounds using reversed-phase liquid chromatography has proven to be a challenge. Here we present a demonstration of the use of capillary electrochromatography on the separation of a series of 14 nitroaromatic and nitramine explosive compounds. A separation with baseline resolution is achieved for all of the compounds in under 7 min, featuring efficiencies of over 500 000 theoretical plates/m. Using more aggressive running conditions, 13 of the 14 compounds are separated in under 2 min. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Unimicro Technol Inc, Pleasanton, CA 94566 USA. RP Bailey, CG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,Mail Stop 9671, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 36 TC 64 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 15 BP 3275 EP 3279 DI 10.1021/ac980042u PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 107VQ UT WOS:000075232000036 PM 21644663 ER PT J AU Kutter, JP Jacobson, SC Matsubara, N Ramsey, JM AF Kutter, JP Jacobson, SC Matsubara, N Ramsey, JM TI Solvent-programmed microchip open-channel electrochromatography SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROKINETIC CAPILLARY CHROMATOGRAPHY; TUBULAR LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PLANAR CHIPS TECHNOLOGY; ELECTROPHORESIS DEVICE; POSTCOLUMN REACTOR; GRADIENT ELUTION; STATIONARY-PHASE; SAMPLE INJECTION; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; DETECT AMMONIA AB Open-channel electrochromatography in combination with solvent programming is demonstrated using a microchip device. Channel walls were coated with octadecylsilanes at ambient temperatures, yielding stationary phases for chromatographic separations of neutral dyes. The electroosmotic now after coating was sufficient to ensure transport of all species and on-chip mixing of isocratic and gradient elution conditions with acetonitrile-buffer mixtures. Chips having different channel depths between 10.2 and 2.9 mu m were evaluated for performance, and van Deemter plots were established. Channel depths of about 5 mu m were found to be a good compromise between efficiency and ease of operation. Isocratic and gradient elution conditions were easily established and manipulated by computer-controlled application of voltages to the terminals of the microchip. Linear gradients with different slopes, start times, duration times, and start percentages of organic modifier proved to be powerful tools to tune selectivity and analysis time for the separation of a test mixture. Even very steep gradients still produced excellent efficiencies. Together with fast reconditioning times, complete runs could be finished in under 60 s. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ramsey, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Kutter, Jorg/E-3256-2010 OI Kutter, Jorg/0000-0003-1065-1985 NR 48 TC 137 Z9 141 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 15 BP 3291 EP 3297 DI 10.1021/ac971367y PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 107VQ UT WOS:000075232000039 PM 21644666 ER PT J AU Stockwell, CA Mulvey, M Jones, AG AF Stockwell, Craig A. Mulvey, Margaret Jones, Adam G. TI Genetic evidence for two evolutionarily significant units of White Sands pupfish SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES; CONSERVATION GENETICS; CICHLID FISHES; DESERT FISH; POPULATION; CYPRINODON; SYSTEMATICS; MANAGEMENT; PERSPECTIVE; REGION AB White Sands pupfish (Cyprinodon tularosa) are endemic to southern New Mexico and occur in only four localities: Malpais Spring, Salt Creek, Mound Spring and Lost River. Recently reported historical accounts indicate that the latter two populations were derived from translocations. Their limited distribution and complicated history suggest that knowledge of population genetic structure would be useful for the development of a sound conservation strategy. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences for a segment of the control region showed little variation. Variation was observed for microsatellite and allozyme loci with 37% attributable to divergence among populations. The mean genetic distance between Malpais Spring and the other three populations was high (allozymes: D(arc) = 0.541; microsatellites: R(st) = 0.684) compared with the mean distance among the other three populations (D(arc) = 0.161, Rst = -0.016). There were fixed or nearly fixed differences in allele frequency between the Malpais Spring population and the other three populations at one allozyme locus (hexokinase) and two microsatellite loci (WSP-02 and WSP-11). We suggest the recognition of two evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) for the White Sands pupfish: Malpais Spring and Salt Creek. Our data indicate that the Lost River and Mound Spring populations descended from translocations from the Salt Creek population. Therefore, conservation efforts should focus on the Malpais Spring population. C1 [Stockwell, Craig A.; Mulvey, Margaret] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Jones, Adam G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Stockwell, CA (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Zool, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM cstockwe@plains.nodak.edu FU DOD Legacy; US Department of Energy to the University of Georgia Research Foundation [DE-FC0996SR18546] FX We thank H. Reiser for her assistance in the field and for logistical support. P. Morrow and R. Myers provided access to White Sands Missile Range. J. Pittenger collected fish from Mound Spring. We benefited from discussions with A. A. Echelle regarding allozyme techniques. We appreciate laboratory assistance from K. Hicks. Special thanks to H.-P. Liu for assistance with analysis of the control region. J. C. Avise, A. A. Echelle, A. F. Echelle, J. S. Pittenger and H. Reiser commented on an earlier version of this manuscript. This research was supported by DOD Legacy grant to C. A. S. and M. M., and by financial award number DE-FC0996SR18546 from the US Department of Energy to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. NR 64 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1367-9430 J9 ANIM CONSERV JI Anim. Conserv. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 1 IS 3 BP 213 EP 225 DI 10.1111/j.1469-1795.1998.tb00031.x PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V71EE UT WOS:000204810400009 ER PT J AU Siders, CW Siders, JLW Taylor, AJ Park, SG Weiner, AM AF Siders, CW Siders, JLW Taylor, AJ Park, SG Weiner, AM TI Efficient high-energy pulse-train generation using a 2(n)-pulse Michelson interferometer SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID TERAHERTZ RADIATION AB We demonstrate a novel, Michelson-based, ultrafast multiplexer with a throughput approaching 100% for a polarization-multiplexed train and 50% for a Linearly polarized train, which is compatible with a high-energy pulse train and shaped-pulse generation. The interpulse spacings in the resultant 2(n)-pulse train can be adjusted continuously from multinanoseconds through zero. Using this interferometer, we also demonstrate generation of a 16-pulse train of terahertz pulses. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Siders, CW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MS D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Park, Sang-Gyu/0000-0002-6051-0163 NR 14 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 22 BP 5302 EP 5305 DI 10.1364/AO.37.005302 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 106AJ UT WOS:000075107300037 PM 18286010 ER PT J AU le Grand, JB Mears, CA Hiller, LJ Frank, M Labov, SE Netel, H Chow, D Friedrich, S Lindeman, MA Barfknecht, AT AF le Grand, JB Mears, CA Hiller, LJ Frank, M Labov, SE Netel, H Chow, D Friedrich, S Lindeman, MA Barfknecht, AT TI A superconducting tunnel junction x-ray detector with performance limited by statistical effects SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION AB We have characterized a thin-film Nb/Al/AlOx/Al/Nb superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) optimized for low electronic noise as an x-ray detector in the 0.2-1 keV photon energy range. The spectra measured with this junction have high spectral purity with, to the best of our knowledge, the best energy resolution ever achieved with this type of detector in this energy band. The discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental energy resolution is only about 15%. Part of this small discrepancy may be explained by the fact that our junction has electrodes made from niobium/aluminum bilayers, while the theoretical result is for electrodes made from only one material. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that resolution achieved with a STJ x-ray detector is in agreement with the resolution predicted from statistical fluctuations in the creation and tunneling of quasiparticles. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(98)03435-4]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Conductus Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 USA. RP le Grand, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-418, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Frank, Matthias/O-9055-2014 NR 11 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 73 IS 9 BP 1295 EP 1297 DI 10.1063/1.122372 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 249UL UT WOS:000083351600044 ER PT J AU Tandon, L Iyengar, GV Parr, RM AF Tandon, L Iyengar, GV Parr, RM TI A review of radiologically important trace elements in human bones SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Review ID HUMAN-TISSUES; URANIUM; ASH AB The authors recently compiled and reviewed the literature for minor and trace elements in human : bones and teeth as a part of an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) study. Various aspects of elemental composition, analytical methodologies, quality assurance and quality control methods for hard tissue analysis were evaluated. Important data on selected radiologically important elements (Cs, Pu, Ra, Sr, Th and U) in calcified tissue from Various countries are discussed. The results of this compilation study suggest a need for new reference materials with matrix properties similar to bones including one with separated cortical and trabecular segments. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Biomineral Sci Int Inc, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Int Atom Energy Agcy, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. RP Tandon, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS K-484, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 30 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 49 IS 8 BP 903 EP 910 DI 10.1016/S0969-8043(97)10102-6 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ZT855 UT WOS:000074134900002 PM 9650262 ER PT J AU Guilhaumou, N Dumas, P Carr, GL Williams, GP AF Guilhaumou, N Dumas, P Carr, GL Williams, GP TI Synchrotron infrared microspectrometry applied to petrography in micrometer-scale range: Fluid chemical analysis and mapping SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE synchrotron infrared microspectrometry; geology; inclusions ID SPECTROSCOPY; INCLUSIONS; ABSORPTION; DIOPSIDE AB The potentiality of synchrotron infrared microspectrometry was investigated for in situ analysis of fluid inclusions and volatiles of particular geological interest. Thanks to the intrinsic high brightness of the synchrotron infrared source, areas as small as a few mu m(2) can be probed, providing a high-contrast analysis of small inclusions in geological materials. We have identified organic components in such small volumes in their liquid and gaseous phase, thus allowing a deeper analysis of oil-water inclusions entrapped in diagenetic cements. Such detailed analysis opens up new perspectives in petroleum reservoir evolution studies. The high signal-to-noise ratio of spectra obtained in small volume allows a fast and accurate chemical mapping of the inclusion components, Drastic refraction effects preclude, at the present state, a quantitative analysis of either the volume or the thickness of the individual inclusions, Traces of volatiles such as CO2 and H2O are easily detected in the vitreous and gaseous part of the glass melt fluid inclusions. We have also profiled the hydroxyl concentration near a wail, and calculated the hydrogen diffusion coefficient in anhydrous minerals such as diopside. C1 Univ Paris 06, Dept Geotecton, CNRS, URA 1759, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LURE, F-91404 Orsay, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Guilhaumou, N (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Dept Geotecton, CNRS, URA 1759, F-75252 Paris 05, France. NR 27 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 52 IS 8 BP 1029 EP 1034 DI 10.1366/0003702981944797 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 115TQ UT WOS:000075681900001 ER PT J AU Rea, TE Karapatakis, DJ Guy, KK Pinder, JE Mackey, HE AF Rea, TE Karapatakis, DJ Guy, KK Pinder, JE Mackey, HE TI The relative effects of water depth, fetch and other physical factors on the development of macrophytes in a small southeastern US pond SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE macrophyte; depth; fetch; sediment slope; GIS ID AQUATIC MACROPHYTES; EMERGENT VEGETATION; COOLING RESERVOIR; AXE LAKE; PATTERNS; EXPOSURE; BIOMASS; DYNAMICS; ONTARIO AB Aerial photography obtained during the growing seasons of 1979, 1982, 1985, 1988, and 1992 were used in a geographic information system to analyze the development of the floating-leaved macrophyte community in Pond B, an 87 ha, 12 m deep former cooling pond at the Savannah River Site that displays the water chemistry and fluctuating water levels typical for small southeastern reservoirs and ponds. The 1979 photograph was panchromatic. The later photography was natural color. Digitally-scanned photographs were: (1) classified using image processing software into the categories of macrophytes present or macrophytes absent (i.e. water); (2) compared across years to measure the rates and patterns of macrophyte development; and (3) compared to measures of water depth, sediment slope steepness, aspect, and fetch to relate patterns of macrophyte development to physical factors. The area occupied by floating-leaved macrophytes increased from 3.2 ha in 1979 to 19.9 ha in 1992, when macrophytes occupied 84.18 of the area 12 m deep and 56.3% of the area 3 m deep. The rates of macrophyte development were consistently slower in areas of greater water depth and greater fetch. The effects of slope and aspect were less than those for depth and fetch. Greater slopes initially enhanced but later slowed macrophyte development. Rates of development were greater for aspects facing the sun. The rate of macrophyte development was not correlated with proximity to existing vegetation. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Integrat Support Grp, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Rea, TE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. NR 40 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 61 IS 4 BP 289 EP 299 DI 10.1016/S0304-3770(98)00069-2 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 106YD UT WOS:000075178300004 ER PT J AU Tatara, CP Newman, MC McCloskey, JT Williams, PL AF Tatara, CP Newman, MC McCloskey, JT Williams, PL TI Use of ion characteristics to predict relative toxicity of mono-, di- and trivalent metal ions: Caenorhabditis elegans LC50 SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Caenorhabditis elegans; metal; nematode; prediction; toxicity ID MICROTOX(R) BIOLUMINESCENCE ASSAY; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; HEAVY-METALS; MERCURY; MEMBRANES; NEMATODE; WATER; COMPONENTS; TRANSPORT; CHLORIDE AB Predictive models for relative toxicity of divalent metal ions using ion characteristics have been produced with both Microtox(R), a 15 min microbial bioassay, and the 24 h Caenorhabditis elegans bioassay. Relative toxicity of mono-, di- and trivalent metal ions has also been successfully modeled using ion characteristics with the Microtox(R) bioassay. This study extends this approach to include longer exposure durations (24 h) and a more complex organism (metazoan). Twenty-four-hour LC50s (expressed as total and free ion concentrations) for the free-living soil nematode, C. elegans, were determined for Li: Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Cd, Cs, Ba, La, and Pb in an aqueous medium. Relative metal toxicity was predicted with least squares linear regression and several ion characteristics. Toxicity was most effectively predicted (r(2) = 0.85) with a two-variable model containing \log K-OH\ (where K-OH is the first hydrolysis constant) and chi(m)(2)r (the covalent index). The first hydrolysis constant reflects a metal ion's tendency to bind to intermediate ligands such as biochemical groups with O donor atoms, while X(m)(2)r reflects binding to soft ligands such as those with S donor atoms. The use of LC50s based on free ion concentrations did not significantly improve model fit. The results of this study are consistent with earlier models generated with Microtox(R) data, with the exception of barium, which was much more toxic to C. elegans than would be predicted from the model. We conclude that, with thoughtful application, ion characteristics can be used to predict the relative toxicity of metal ions that vary widely in both valence and binding tendency. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. Univ Georgia, Environm Hlth Sci Program, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Tatara, CP (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. NR 48 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 42 IS 4 BP 255 EP 269 DI 10.1016/S0166-445X(97)00104-5 PG 15 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 112DL UT WOS:000075478800002 ER PT J AU Palmer, JW Hollander, MG Rogers, PSZ Benjamin, TM Duffy, CJ Lambert, JB Brown, JA AF Palmer, JW Hollander, MG Rogers, PSZ Benjamin, TM Duffy, CJ Lambert, JB Brown, JA TI Pre-Columbian metallurgy: Technology, manufacture, and microprobe analyses of copper bells from the Greater Southwest SO ARCHAEOMETRY LA English DT Article DE USA; Greater Southwest; Mexico; pre-Columbian; particle induced x-ray emission microprobe analysis; bell; crotal; copper; composition; workshops; trade ID WEST MEXICAN METALLURGY; ANCIENT; BRONZE; ALLOYS C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Anthropol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CMS K 765, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp INC 7 Ms J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Palmer, JW (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Chem, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PI OXFORD PA RES LAB ARCHAEOL HIST ART 6 KEBLE RD, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX1 3QJ SN 0003-813X J9 ARCHAEOMETRY JI Archaeometry PD AUG PY 1998 VL 40 BP 361 EP 382 DI 10.1111/j.1475-4754.1998.tb00844.x PN 2 PG 22 WC Archaeology; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Archaeology; Chemistry; Geology GA 126HA UT WOS:000076286800009 ER PT J AU Yaoi, T Kagawa, HK Trent, JD AF Yaoi, T Kagawa, HK Trent, JD TI Chaperonin filaments: Their formation and an evaluation of methods for studying them SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE chaperonins; heat shock proteins; HSP60; native PAGE; electron microscopy; cytoskeleton; archaea; Sulfolobus shibatae ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; ARCHAEON SULFOLOBUS-SOLFATARICUS; ACQUIRED THERMOTOLERANCE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; GROEL-GROES; IN-VITRO; THERMOPHILIC ARCHAEBACTERIUM; MOLECULAR CHAPERONES; RNA-POLYMERASE; SP-NOV AB Chaperonins are multisubunit protein complexes that can be isolated from cells as high-molecular-weight structures that appear as double rings in the electron microscope. We recently discovered that chaperonin double rings isolated from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus shibatae, when incubated at physiological temperatures in the presence of ATP and Mg2+, stacked into filaments; we hypothesized that these filaments are related to filaments seen inside S. shibatae cells and that chaperonins exist as filaments in vivo (J. D. Trent ct al, 1997, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 5383-5388). This paper elucidates the conditions under which we have observed S. shibatae chaperonins to form filaments and evaluates native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), TEM, spectrophotometry, and centrifugation as methods for studying these filaments. We observed that in the presence of Mg2+ combined with ATP, ADP, ATP gamma S, or GTP, native PAGE indicated that chaperonin subunits assembled into double rings and that the conformation of these double rings wars effected by nucleotide binding, but we saw no indication of chaperonin filament formation. Under these same conditions, however, TEM, spectroscopy, and centrifugation methods indicated that chaperonin subunits and double rings had assembled into filaments. We determined that this discrepancy in the representation of the chaperonin structure was due to the native PAGE method itself. When we exposed chaperonin filaments to the electrophoretic held used in native PAGE, the filaments dissociated into double rings. This suggests that TEM, spectrophotometry, and centrifugation are the preferred methods for studying the higher-order structures of chaperonins, which are likely to be of biological significance. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Mech Biol & Biotechnol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Trent, JD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Mech Biol & Biotechnol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM trent@anlcmb.bim.anl.gov NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 356 IS 1 BP 55 EP 62 DI 10.1006/abbi.1998.0758 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 110CG UT WOS:000075361800008 PM 9681991 ER PT J AU Haarmann, TK AF Haarmann, TK TI Honey bees as indicators of radionuclide contamination: Comparative studies of contaminant levels in forager and nurse bees and in the flowers of three plant species SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLLUTION; MONITORS; POLLEN; METALS AB Two separate field experiments were conducted as part of ongoing research concerning the use of honey bees (Apis mellifera) as indicators of environmental radionuclide contamination. The experiments were conducted in a study site containing radionuclide contamination above background levels. The first experiment compared levels of radionuclides found in forager bees to levels found in nurse bees. Bees were collected from colonies, analyzed for concentrations of radionuclides, and the results were compared using statistical methods. Results indicated that there is no significant difference between the contaminant levels in forager and nurse bees. A second experiment compared the levels of radionuclides found in the flowers of three plant species growing in the study site: salt cedar (Tamarix ramosissima), white sweet clover (Melilotus albus), and rabbit brush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus). Results indicated that there is no significant difference in the amounts of radionuclides found in the flowers of these three plants. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Haarmann, TK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS M887, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 35 IS 2 BP 287 EP 294 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA ZZ058 UT WOS:000074691500013 ER PT J AU Hopkins, WA Mendonca, MT Rowe, CL Congdon, JD AF Hopkins, WA Mendonca, MT Rowe, CL Congdon, JD TI Elevated trace element concentrations in southern toads, Bufo terrestris, exposed to coal combustion waste SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IRRIGATION DRAINWATER; KESTERSON-RESERVOIR; AQUATIC BIRDS; AMPHIBIAN POPULATIONS; SELENIUM ACCUMULATION; CALIFORNIA; REPRODUCTION; ASH; BIOACCUMULATION; ORGANISMS AB A number of recent studies have linked developmental, physiological, and behavioral abnormalities in amphibians to coal combustion wastes (coal ash). Few studies, however, have determined trace element concentrations in amphibians exposed to coal ash. In the current study we compare total body concentrations of 20 trace elements in adult southern toads, Bufo terrestris, inhabiting coal ash settling basins with toads that were not exposed to the combustion wastes (reference). In addition, we document the accumulation of trace elements in toads transplanted from reference sites to field enclosures in an ash settling basin for 7 and 12 weeks. Arsenic, selenium, and vanadium levels were significantly elevated in toads captured at the ash-contaminated site in comparison to toads from the reference site. All three of these elements were also significantly elevated in toads exposed to the contaminated habitat for only 7 weeks. Our study suggests that adult anurans can bioaccumulate particularly high levels of selenium and may be useful bioindicators in agricultural and coal ash-impacted habitats. C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Zool & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol Sci, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. RP Hopkins, WA (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RI Rowe, Christopher/D-5271-2012 NR 47 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 10 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 35 IS 2 BP 325 EP 329 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA ZZ058 UT WOS:000074691500018 PM 9680525 ER PT J AU Piatti, AE Claria, JJ Bica, E Geisler, D Minniti, D AF Piatti, AE Claria, JJ Bica, E Geisler, D Minniti, D TI A photometric and spectroscopic study of the southern open clusters Pismis 18, Pismis 19, NGC 6005, and NGC 6253 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : star clusters; open clusters and associations : individual (Pismis 18, Pismis 19, NGC 6005, NGC 6253) ID OLD OPEN CLUSTERS; STELLAR POPULATION SYNTHESIS; CCD PHOTOMETRY; STAR-CLUSTERS; SPECTRAL EVOLUTION; GALACTIC NUCLEI; METALLICITIES; VELOCITIES; DISK; AGE AB CCD observations in the B, V, and I passbands have been used to generate color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) for the southern open cluster candidates Pismis 18, Pismis 19, and NGC 6005, as well as for the old open cluster NGC 6253. The sample consists of about 1550 stars reaching down to V similar to 19 mag. From analysis of the CMDs, the physical reality of the three cluster candidates is confirmed and their reddening, distance, and age are derived, as well as those of NGC 6253. In addition, integrated spectra for Pismis 18, Pismis 19, and NGC 6253 covering a range from 3500 to 9200 Angstrom were obtained. The reddening, age, and metallicity of these three clusters were derived from Balmer and Ca II triplet equivalent widths by comparing the observed spectra with those of template clusters. The photometric and spectroscopic results allow us to conclude that Pismis 18, Pismis 19, and NGC 6005 are intermediate-age (t approximate to 1 Gyr), genuine open clusters, while NGC 6253 has an age t approximate to 5 Gyr. All these clusters are located approximately toward the Galactic center, between 1.5 and 2.7 kpc from the Sun. Their metallicities range over values that are typical of moderately metal-poor to moderately metal-rich open clusters. C1 Univ Nacl Cordoba, Astron Observ, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. Univ Fed Rio Grande Sul, Inst Fis, Dept Astron, BR-91500970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Kitt Peak Natl Observ, Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Piatti, AE (reprint author), Univ Nacl Cordoba, Astron Observ, Laprida 854, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. NR 42 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 116 IS 2 BP 801 EP 812 DI 10.1086/300443 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 115CW UT WOS:000075646800018 ER PT J AU Gorosabel, J Castro-Tirado, AJ Brandt, S Lund, N AF Gorosabel, J Castro-Tirado, AJ Brandt, S Lund, N TI A BATSE-based search for repeaters in the sample of gamma-ray bursts detected by the WATCH experiment SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts ID CONSTRAINTS AB This study is the first known attempt to search for gamma-ray burst repeaters combining data from gamma-ray experiments flying on board different satellites and making use of information derived from the bursts detected simultaneously by all the experiments. The proposed method is suitable to correlate GRB data provided by experiments that overlap partially or totally in time. As an application of this method we have correlated the positions of 57 gamma-ray bursts observed by WATCH/GRANAT and WATCH/EURECA with 1905 bursts detected by BATSE. Comparing the so-called "added correlation" between the WATCH and BATSE bursts with that obtained with simulated WATCH catalogues, we conclude that there is no indication of recurrent activity of WATCH bursts in the BATSE sample. We derive an upper limit of 15.8%, with a confidence level of 94%, for the number of WATCH gamma-ray bursts that could represent a population of repeaters in the BATSE sample. C1 INTA, LAEFF, Lab Astrofis Espacial & Fis Fundamental, E-28080 Madrid, Spain. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Danish Space Res Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. RP Gorosabel, J (reprint author), INTA, LAEFF, Lab Astrofis Espacial & Fis Fundamental, POB 50727, E-28080 Madrid, Spain. EM jgu@laeff.esa.es OI Castro-Tirado, A. J./0000-0003-2999-3563 NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 336 IS 1 BP 57 EP 62 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 110RP UT WOS:000075394400011 ER PT J AU Ellis, R McMahon, R AF Ellis, R McMahon, R TI Measuring the cosmic deceleration SO ASTRONOMY & GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; HUBBLE DIAGRAM; IA SUPERNOVAE C1 Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Ellis, R (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1366-8781 J9 ASTRON GEOPHYS JI Astron. Geophys. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4 BP 27 EP 29 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 106WD UT WOS:000075172700021 ER PT J AU van Breugel, WJM Stanford, SA Spinrad, H Stern, D Graham, JR AF van Breugel, WJM Stanford, SA Spinrad, H Stern, D Graham, JR TI Morphological evolution in high-redshift radio galaxies and the formation of giant elliptical galaxies SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : active; galaxies : elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies : photometry; galaxies : structure; radio continuum : galaxies ID HUBBLE DEEP FIELD; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; SURFACE PHOTOMETRY; ABELL CLUSTERS; VLA SURVEY; ALIGNMENT; IDENTIFICATIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; B2-0902+34; DICHOTOMY AB We present deep near-infrared images of high-redshift radio galaxies (HzRGs) obtained with the near-infrared camera (NIRC) on the Keck I telescope. In most cases, the near-IR data sample rest wavelengths that are free of contamination from strong emission lines and at lambda(rest) > 4000 Angstrom, where older stellar populations, if present, might dominate the observed flux. At z > 3, the rest-frame optical morphologies generally have faint, large-scale (similar to 50 kpc) emission surrounding multiple, similar to 10 kpc components. The brightest of these components are often aligned with the radio structures. These morphologies change dramatically at 2 < z < 3, where the K-band images show single, compact structures without bright, radio-aligned features. The linear sizes (similar to 10 kpc) and luminosities [M(B-rest) similar to -20 to -22] of the individual components in the z > 3 HzRGs are similar to the total sizes and luminosities of normal radio-quiet star forming galaxies at z = 3-4. For objects where such data are available, our observations show that the line-free, near-IR colors of the z > 3 galaxies are very blue, consistent with models in which recent star formation dominates the observed light. Direct spectroscopic evidence for massive star formation in one of the z > 3 HzRGs exists (4C 41.17). Our results suggest that the z > 3 HzRGs evolve into much more massive systems than the radio-quiet galaxies and that they are qualitatively consistent with models in which massive galaxies form in hierarchical fashion through the merging of smaller star-forming systems. The presence of relatively luminous subcomponents along the radio axes of the z > 3 galaxies suggests a causal connection with the AGN. We compare the radio and near-IR sizes as a function of redshift and suggest that this parameter may be a measure of the degree to which the radio sources have induced star formation in the parent objects. We also discuss the Hubble diagram of radio galaxies, the possibility of a radio power dependence in the K-z relation, and its implications for radio galaxy formation. Finally, we present for the first time in published format basic radio and optical information on 3C 257 (z = 2.474), the highest redshift galaxy in the 3C sample and among the most powerful radio sources known. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP van Breugel, WJM (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM wil@igpp.llnl.gov; adam@igpp.llnl.gov; spinrad@bigz.berkeley.edu; dan@copacabana.berkeley.edu; jrg@graham.berkeley.edu NR 79 TC 114 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 502 IS 2 BP 614 EP 629 DI 10.1086/305925 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 152KF UT WOS:000077776000009 ER PT J AU Stancil, PC Havener, CC Krstic, PS Schultz, DR Kimura, M Gu, JP Hirsch, G Buenker, RJ Zygelman, B AF Stancil, PC Havener, CC Krstic, PS Schultz, DR Kimura, M Gu, JP Hirsch, G Buenker, RJ Zygelman, B TI Charge transfer in collisions of C+ with H and H+ with C SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic processes; ISM : atoms; supernovae : individual (SN 1987A) ID ELECTRON-CAPTURE; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; CROSS-SECTIONS; LOW-ENERGY; SI ATOMS; IONS; IONIZATION; NEBULAE; H-2; NE AB Charge transfer rate coefficients for collisions of C+ with H and H+ with C are presented for temperatures from 30,000 to 10(7) K and from 10 to 10(7) K, respectively. The rate coefficients were calculated from recommended cross sections deduced in a recent theoretical and experimental investigation that took into account previous measurements. Nonadiabatic radial coupling is the dominant mechanism for both reactions above similar to 50,000 K, but for lower temperatures the reaction of H+ with C proceeds primarily by radiative charge transfer. Implications, due to the magnitude of the rate coefficients, for various astrophysical environments are discussed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Yamaguchi Univ, Sch Allied Hlth Sci, Ube, Yamaguchi 755, Japan. Berg Univ Gesamthsch Wuppertal, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. RP Stancil, PC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM stancil@mail.phy.ornl.gov; havener@mail.phy.ornl.gov; krstic@mail.phy.ornl.gov; schultz@mail.phy.ornl.gov; mineo@rikax1.riken.go.jp; gujian@wrcs1.urz.uni-wuppertal.de; hirsch@wrcs1.urz.uni-wuppertal.de; buenker@wrcs1.urz.uni-wuppertal.de; bernard@physics.unlv.edu NR 34 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 502 IS 2 BP 1006 EP 1009 DI 10.1086/305937 PN 1 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 152KF UT WOS:000077776000040 ER PT J AU Brown, GV Beiersdorfer, P Liedahl, DA Widmann, K Kahn, SM AF Brown, GV Beiersdorfer, P Liedahl, DA Widmann, K Kahn, SM TI Laboratory measurements and modeling of the Fe XVII X-ray spectrum SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic data; atomic processes; line : identification; Sun : X-rays, gamma rays; X-rays : general ID BEAM ION-TRAP; ELECTRON-BEAM; COLLISION STRENGTHS; LINE INTENSITIES; CROSS-SECTIONS; ACTIVE-REGION; ATOMIC DATA; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; EXCITATION; EMISSION AB Detailed measurements, line identifications, and modeling calculations of the Fe XVII L-shell emission spectrum between 9.8 and 17.5 Angstrom are presented. The measurements were carried out on an electron beam ion trap under precisely controlled conditions where electron-impact excitation followed by radiative cascades is the dominant line formation process. In addition to the strong transitions emanating from the n=3 shell, we identify and accurately determine wavelengths for transitions from higher shells up to n=11, including two electric quadrupole transitions that have not been previously identified. Various theoretical values, including new distorted wave calculations, are compared to our measurements, which establish definitive values for testing spectral modeling predictions. We fmd a value of 3.04 +/- 0.12 for the ratio of the intensity of the 2p-3d(1)P(1) resonance and of the 2p-3d D-3(1) intercombination line situated at 15.01 and 15.26 Angstrom, respectively. This value is higher than the values observed in solar spectra, which supports claims that the solar value is affected by resonant scattering. However, because our value is significantly lower than calculated values, the amount of scattering has probably been overestimated in past analyses. Comparisons of the measured intensity ratios of the transitions originating in levels of higher principal quantum number n with present distorted wave calculations show good agreement up to n = 6. The combined flux of all 2p-nd transitions with n greater than or equal to 5 and all 2s-np transitions with n = 4 and 5 relative to the flux of the 15.01 Angstrom resonance line has been measured to be 0.13(-0.03)(+0.04). C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Space Technol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Allison Lab 206, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Brown, GV (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Space Technol, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 68 TC 145 Z9 146 U1 2 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 502 IS 2 BP 1015 EP 1026 DI 10.1086/305941 PN 1 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 152KF UT WOS:000077776000042 ER PT J AU Hatano, Y Hatano, N Amano, H Ueno, T Sukhoruchkin, AK Kazakov, SV AF Hatano, Y Hatano, N Amano, H Ueno, T Sukhoruchkin, AK Kazakov, SV TI Aerosol migration near Chernobyl: Long-term data and modeling SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE air pollution; Chernobyl; aerosol migration; fractal; resuspension ID ACCIDENT; RESUSPENSION; DISPERSION; SIMULATION; TRANSPORT; RELEASE; EUROPE AB Airborne particles from a polluted area can pose a long-term health hazard to residents nearby. However, the long-term prediction of aerosol migration has never been successful. We show in the present paper that a recently proposed model (Hatano and Hatano, 1997, Atmospheric Environment 31, 2297-2303) successfully reproduces data of the aerosol concentration measured near Chernobyl over a decade. The time dependence of the resuspension factor is also reproduced very well. In fitting our theoretical formula to the data, we obtain values of the fitting parameters that provide important information on the emission quantity and removal processes of nuclides from the accident. We show that 2200 days of measurement after the accident should be enough to predict the concentration in the air 10 years later. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 35101, Japan. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, EES 8 MS D401, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 31911, Japan. RADEC, UA-255620 Chernobyl, Ukraine. RP Hatano, Y (reprint author), Inst Phys & Chem Res, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 35101, Japan. RI Hatano, Naomichi/K-8176-2012 OI Hatano, Naomichi/0000-0003-0277-1856 NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 32 IS 14-15 BP 2587 EP 2594 DI 10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00511-6 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 101LQ UT WOS:000074870800015 ER PT J AU Nowak, DJ Cardelino, CA Rao, ST Taha, H AF Nowak, DJ Cardelino, CA Rao, ST Taha, H TI Estimating cost effectiveness of residential yard trees for improving air quality in Sacramento, California, using existing models SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID OZONE C1 USDA, Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. SUNY Albany, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nowak, DJ (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 32 IS 14-15 BP 2709 EP 2710 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 101LQ UT WOS:000074870800027 ER PT J AU Gaffney, JS Marley, NA AF Gaffney, JS Marley, NA TI New directions - Uncertainties of aerosol effects in global climate models SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gaffney, JS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 32 IS 16 BP 2873 EP 2874 DI 10.1016/S1352-2310(98)80001-0 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 101CY UT WOS:000074853100016 ER PT J AU Sullivan, M Rena, G Begg, F Gordon, L Olsen, AS Houslay, MD AF Sullivan, M Rena, G Begg, F Gordon, L Olsen, AS Houslay, MD TI Identification and characterization of the human homologue of the short PDE4A cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase RD1 (PDE4A1) by analysis of the human HSPDE4A gene locus located at chromosome 19p13.2 SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CYCLIC-AMP PHOSPHODIESTERASE; SITU HYBRIDIZATION MAP; TERMINAL SPLICE REGION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASES; MEMBRANE ASSOCIATION; CHIMERIC CONSTRUCTS; MAMMALIAN HOMOLOGS; RPDE-6 RNPDE4A5; COS7 CELLS AB The HSPDE4A gene spans 50 kb, consists of at least 17 exons and is orientated 5'-3', telomere to centromere. It is located at chromosome 19p13.2, being 350 kb proximal to the gene encoding TYK2 and 850 kb distal to the gene encoding the low-density lipoprotein receptor. Its structure is consistent with the production of active 'long' and 'short' isoenzymes as the result of alternative mRNA splicing at two splice junctions. Identified is the single alternatively spliced 5' exon encoding the unique N-terminal region of the long isoenzyme HSPDE4A4B (pde46). The upstream conserved regions, UCR1 and UCR2, which form characteristic domains of PDE4 long forms are each encoded by three exons. The PDE4A-subfamily-specific linker region LR1, which joins UCR1 and UCR2, is encoded by two exons, whereas LR2, which joins UCR2 to the catalytic unit, is encoded by a single exon. Identification of exons encoding an enzymically inactive product of this gene, HSPDE4A8A (2el), indicates that this is an authentic gene product. The 5' exon encoding the unique N-terminal region of the human homologue of the rodent isoform RNPDE4A1A (RD1) was located, and the splice junction used to produce this short PDE4A isoform shown to occur at a different position from that seen in both the rat PDE4B and PDE4D genes. Reverse transcriptase PCR analysis indicates that RD1 homologues are conserved across species, having a conserved membrane-targeting region and a hypervariable LR2 region. Human RD 1 was expressed transiently in COS-7 cells and detected as an 83 kDa species primarily associated with the high-speed membrane fraction. Human RD1 exhibited a K-m for cAMP of about 3 mu M, an IC50 value for inhibition by the PDE4-selective inhibitor rolipram of about 0.3 mu M and was considerably more thermostable than rat RD1, Human RD 1 was generated as a mature 80 kDa species in an in vitro transcription-translation system and shown to be capable of binding to membranes. Knowledge of the gene structure and the associated sequence information should facilitate analysis of the involvement of PDE4A in hereditary disorders that may result from alterations in enzyme expression, activity, regulation and intracellular targeting and serve as a resource for determining authenticity of cloned PDE4A species. C1 Univ Glasgow, Mol Pharmacol Grp, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, IBLS, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Houslay, MD (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Mol Pharmacol Grp, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, IBLS, Davidson & Wolfson Bldg, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. RI Houslay, Miles/A-6825-2011 FU Wellcome Trust NR 47 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 3AJ SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 333 BP 693 EP 703 PN 3 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 110NJ UT WOS:000075387000029 PM 9677330 ER PT J AU Myszka, DG He, X Dembo, M Morton, TA Goldstein, B AF Myszka, DG He, X Dembo, M Morton, TA Goldstein, B TI Extending the range of rate constants available from BIACORE: Interpreting mass transport-influenced binding data SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; BIOMOLECULAR INTERACTION ANALYSIS; KINETICS; ANTIBODY; PROTEIN; BIOSENSOR; SYSTEM; MODEL AB Surface-based binding assays are often influenced by the transport of analyte to the sensor surface. Using simulated data sets, we test a simple two-compartment model to see if its description of transport and binding is sufficient to accurately analyze BIACORE data. First we present a computer model that can generate realistic BIACORE data. This model calculates the laminar flow of analyte within the flow cell, its diffusion both perpendicular and parallel to the sensor surface, and the reversible chemical reaction between analyte and immobilized reactant. We use this computer model to generate binding data under a variety of conditions. An analysis of these data sets with the two-compartment model demonstrates that good estimates of the intrinsic reaction rate constants are recovered even when mass transport influences the binding reaction. We also discuss the conditions under which the two-compartment model can be used to determine the diffusion coefficient of the analyte. Our results illustrate that this model can significantly extend the range of association rate constants that can be accurately determined from BIACORE. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Utah, Huntsman Canc Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Bioengn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Australian Natl Univ, John Curtin Sch Med Res, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Goldstein, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, T-10,MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bxg@lanl.gov RI Dembo, Micah/C-2755-2013 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM35556] NR 38 TC 280 Z9 286 U1 3 U2 26 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 75 IS 2 BP 583 EP 594 PG 12 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 107KB UT WOS:000075206000002 PM 9675161 ER PT J AU Keizer, J Smith, GD Ponce-Dawson, S Pearson, JE AF Keizer, J Smith, GD Ponce-Dawson, S Pearson, JE TI Saltatory propagation of Ca2+ waves by Ca2+ sparks SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RYANODINE RECEPTOR ADAPTATION; RAT-HEART CELLS; CALCIUM SPARKS; RELEASE; MUSCLE; OSCILLATIONS; DIFFUSION; BUFFERS AB Punctate releases of Ca2+, called Ca2+ sparks, originate at the regular array of t-tubules in cardiac myocytes and skeletal muscle. During Ca2+ overload sparks serve as sites for the initiation and propagation of Ca2+ waves in myocytes. Computer simulations of spark-mediated waves are performed with model release sites that reproduce the adaptive Ca2+ release observed for the ryanodine receptor. The speed of these waves is proportional to the diffusion constant of Ca2+, D, rather than root D, as is true for reaction-diffusion equations in a continuous excitable medium. A simplified "fire-diffuse-fire" model that mimics the properties of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) from isolated sites is used to explain this saltatory mode of wave propagation. Saltatory and continuous wave propagation can be differentiated by the temperature and Ca2+ buffer dependence of wave speed. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Inst Theoret Dynam, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sect Neurobiol Physiol & Behav, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NIDDKD, Math Res Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, IAFE, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, XCM, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Keizer, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Inst Theoret Dynam, 2201 Acad Surge Bldg,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. OI Ponce Dawson, Silvina/0000-0001-6550-4267 FU NCRR NIH HHS [R01 RR10081] NR 25 TC 129 Z9 132 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 75 IS 2 BP 595 EP 600 PG 6 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 107KB UT WOS:000075206000003 PM 9675162 ER PT J AU Forstner, M Kriechbaum, M Laggner, P Wallimann, T AF Forstner, M Kriechbaum, M Laggner, P Wallimann, T TI Structural changes of creatine kinase upon substrate binding SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; YEAST HEXOKINASE-A; LIGAND-BINDING; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; FORCE-FIELD; PROTEINS; GLUCOSE; ISOENZYMES; SEQUENCE; COMPLEX AB Small-angle x-ray scattering was used to investigate structural changes upon binding of individual substrates or a transition state analog complex (TSAC; Mg-ADP, creatine, and KNO3) to creatine kinase (CK) isoenzymes (dimeric muscle-type (M)-CK and octameric mitochondrial (MI)-CK) and monomeric arginine kinase (AK). Considerable changes in the shape and the size of the molecules occurred upon binding of Mg-nucleotide or TSAC, The radius of gyration of MI-CK was reduced from 55.6 Angstrom (free enzyme) to 48.9 Angstrom (enzyme plus Mg-ATP) and to 48.2 Angstrom (enzyme plus TSAC), M-CK showed similar changes from 28.0 Angstrom (free enzyme) to 25.6 Angstrom (enzyme plus Mg-ATP) and to 25.5 Angstrom (enzyme plus TSAC). Creatine alone did not lead to significant changes in the radii of gyration, nor did free ATP or ADP. AK also showed a change of the radius of gyration from 21.5 Angstrom (free enzyme) to 19.7 Angstrom (enzyme plus Mg-ATP), whereas with arginine alone only a minor change could be observed. The primary change in structure as seen with monomeric AK seems to be a Mg-nucleotide-induced domain movement relative to each other, whereas the effect of substrate may be of local order only. In CK, however, additional movements have to be involved. C1 Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Cell Biol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Biophys & Xray Struct Res, A-8010 Graz, Austria. RP Forstner, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, LLNL, BBRP, L-452, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Wallimann, Theo/C-6047-2008; OI Kriechbaum, Manfred/0000-0002-3852-4198 NR 31 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 75 IS 2 BP 1016 EP 1023 PG 8 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 107KB UT WOS:000075206000043 PM 9675202 ER PT J AU Carr, DB Garbin, HD AF Carr, DB Garbin, HD TI Discriminating ripple-fired explosions with high-frequency (> 16 Hz) data SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL EXPLOSIONS; QUARRY BLASTS; EARTHQUAKES; SPECTRA AB Most ripple-fired explosions have a unique signature in the spectrum that can be used to quickly identify them when monitoring the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. We want to know the importance of high-frequency (>16 Hz) seismic data in identifying these explosions. The deployable seismic verification system (DSVS) in Wyoming records data up to 50 Hz with good signal to noise, so it is an excellent source for determining the benefits of recording data over 16 Hz, We developed a database of 118 known earthquakes and 176 known ripple-fired explosions. We calculated a binary spectrogram and an average binary spectrum for each event and developed criteria based on the number of peaks and nulls above certain thresholds to classify events as ripple-fired explosions. Using data at frequencies up to 50 Hz, 50% of the known ripple-fired explosions were correctly identified, and another 22% had banding in the spectrogram but did not meet the established criteria. The other 27% of the known ripple-fired explosions had no banding. To test the importance of high-frequency (>16 Hz) data, we recalculated spectrograms between 0 and 16 Hz for the 135 known ripple-fired explosions and earthquakes that had banding. Eleven of the 135 could not be identified correctly if data over 16 Hz was excluded; 5 had information at frequencies over 16 Hz that was critical to seeing any banding. But the vast majority of events were correctly identified in the pass band of 0 to 16 Hz, suggesting that higher-frequency data do not significantly help to identify most ripple-fired explosions in Wyoming. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Carr, DB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0655, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 88 IS 4 BP 963 EP 972 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 113ED UT WOS:000075536600006 ER PT J AU Beresnev, IA Field, EH Van Den Abeele, K Johnson, PA AF Beresnev, IA Field, EH Van Den Abeele, K Johnson, PA TI Magnitude of nonlinear sediment response in Los Angeles basin during the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID STRONG GROUND MOTION; SITE-RESPONSE; SOIL RESPONSE; AMPLIFICATION; AFTERSHOCKS; BEHAVIOR; WAVES; PATH AB The study of nonlinear site response has practical difficulties due to large ambiguities in isolating local response from other competing effects. We chose a sedimentary site LF6 in Los Angeles basin that (1) has the closest reference rock sites available, compared to other stations, allowing an accurate estimation of local amplification, and (2) illustrates clear resonance in the near surface. In our opinion, this case represents the least ambiguity in the identification of possible nonlinearity. The site responses during the Northridge, the 1987 Whittler Narrows events and the Northridge aftershocks are compared. The station shows a fundamental resonance-frequency change between the higher- and lower-amplitude motions in the entire ensemble of 17 events used. The net shear-modulus reduction during the Northridge event is a factor of 1.3 to 1.4 compared to the Whittler Narrows event and is a factor of 1.7 compared to the aftershocks. This result provides guidance of what to expect at other sites in the basin, where the nonlinear response is less easy to characterize. C1 Carleton Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Katholieke Univ Leuven, Fac Toegepaste Wetenschappen, Dept Burgerlijke Bouwkunde, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Beresnev, IA (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Earth Sci, 1125 Colonel Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. NR 27 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 88 IS 4 BP 1079 EP 1084 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 113ED UT WOS:000075536600017 ER PT J AU Hang, B Chenna, A Sagi, J Singer, B AF Hang, B Chenna, A Sagi, J Singer, B TI Differential cleavage of oligonucleotides containing the benzene-derived adduct, 1,N-6-benzetheno-dA, by the major human AP endonuclease HAP1 and Escherichia coli exonuclease III and endonuclease IV SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID APURINIC ENDONUCLEASE; EXOCYCLIC ADDUCT; DNA GLYCOSYLASES; ABASIC SITES; REPAIR; RECOGNITION; 3-METHYLADENINE; MECHANISM; SUBSTRATE; RESIDUES AB We report here that the newly synthesized DNA adduct, 1,N-6-benzetheno-dA (pBQ-dA), in defined oligonucleotides [Chenna and Singer, Chem, Res. Toxicol,, 8, 865-874], is a substrate for the major human AP endonuclease, HAP1, and the Escherichia coli AP endonucleases, exonuclease III and endonuclease IV. The mechanism of cleavage is identical to that reported previously for 3,N-4-benzetheno-dC (pBQ-dC) and leads to a phosphodiester bond cleavage 5' to the adduct, There are, however, significant differences in the rate of cleavage of this adduct by these enzymes. The two bacterial AP endonucleases are both much more efficient than the human repair enzyme. In addition, using two random oligodeoxynucleotide sequences containing a single pBQ-dA, exonuclease III and endonuclease IV are similarly active, while HAP1 shows a distinct sequence preference of similar to 10-fold in efficiency of cleavage. The repair of this adduct by the three recombinant enzymes is further confirmed by using both active site mutant HAP1 proteins and by E,coli mutant strains lacking exonuclease III and/or endonuclease IV. This sequence-dependent repair of pBQ-dA by HAP1 may play an important role in modulating benzene-induced carcinogenesis. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Singer, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 72079, CA 47723] NR 28 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD AUG PY 1998 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1339 EP 1343 DI 10.1093/carcin/19.8.1339 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 111TW UT WOS:000075454900003 PM 9744526 ER PT J AU Boyle, TJ Ingersoll, D Alam, TM Tafoya, CJ Rodriguez, MA Vanheusden, K Doughty, DH AF Boyle, TJ Ingersoll, D Alam, TM Tafoya, CJ Rodriguez, MA Vanheusden, K Doughty, DH TI Rechargeable lithium battery cathodes. Nonaqueous synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical properties of LiCoO2 SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM CO-LI2CO3; THIN-FILMS; ELECTRODE; OXIDES; CELLS; ROUTE; PERFORMANCE; CRYSTALLINE; DEPOSITION; RESONANCE AB A nonaqueous coprecipitation process has been developed to prepare controlled stoichiometry lithium cobalt oxide precipitates. The process involved mixing a methanolic "LiCo(NO3)(3)" solution with a methanolic solution containing tetramethylammonium oxalate as a precipitating agent. The resulting oxalates were readily converted to phase-pure lithium cobalt oxide at 800 degrees C under an oxygen atmosphere. The various starting solutions, oxalate precipitates, and the resulting oxides have been extensively characterized using a variety of techniques, including multinuclear NMR, TGA/DTA, EPR, and XRD analyses. Results indicate that the strong interaction between the metals (Li and Co) that occurred in solution was maintained during precipitation. The calcined precipitate revealed that the desired LiCoO2 phase was formed at 800 degrees C under an O-2 atmosphere. When electrochemically cycled, the material exhibited an initial capacity of similar to 133 (mA h)/g with a fade of 0.02% in capacity per cycle. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Boyle, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, 1001 Univ Blvd,SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. NR 52 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 10 IS 8 BP 2270 EP 2276 DI 10.1021/cm9802088 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 112QE UT WOS:000075504900038 ER PT J AU McNab, WW Ruiz, R AF McNab, WW Ruiz, R TI Palladium-catalyzed reductive dehalogenation of dissolved chlorinated aliphatics using electrolytically-generated hydrogen SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID DEGRADATION; IRON AB Recent studies have shown that reductive dehalogenation of chlorinated hydrocarbons by hydrogen occurs rapidly in the presence of a palladium catalyst. The speed and completeness of these reactions may offer advantages for groundwater remediation. A practical design challenge arises with the need to expeditiously saturate the aqueous phase with hydrogen. To address this, a two-stage treatment column (hydrogen generator and catalytic reactor) has been developed. The first stage consists of an undivided electrolyzer cell which generates hydrogen by electrolyzing the influent water. The second stage contains a catalyst bed of palladium metal supported on alumina beads. This reactor has been tested with groundwater containing various chlorinated aliphatics. Using a flow rate of 300 ml/min and a current of 4 amps under a potential of 8 volts, removal efficiencies greater than 95% were achieved for PCE, TCE, 1,1-DCE, and carbon tetrachloride with residence times on the order of 2 minutes. Chloroform and 1,2-DCA appear less susceptible to dehalogenation by this process. These results imply that dissolved oxygen present in solution does not completely inhibit reduction of the chlorinated hydrocarbons on the catalyst. (C)1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Environm Restorat Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP McNab, WW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Environm Restorat Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 13 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD AUG PY 1998 VL 37 IS 5 BP 925 EP 936 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00095-2 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 103XP UT WOS:000074983400008 ER PT J AU O'Briant, KC Ali, SY Weier, HUG Bepler, G AF O'Briant, KC Ali, SY Weier, HUG Bepler, G TI An 84-kilobase physical map and repeat polymorphisms of the gastrin/cholecystokinin brain receptor region at the junction of chromosome segments 11p15.4 and 15.5 SO CHROMOSOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CCK-brain receptor; chromosome 11; lung cancer; polymorphic markers ID CELL LUNG-CANCER; SUPPRESSOR REGIONS; DELETION; DNA C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Thorac Oncol Program, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Bepler, G (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Thorac Oncol Program, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM beple001@mc.duke.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [1RO1 CA 70317-01A1] NR 10 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0967-3849 J9 CHROMOSOME RES JI Chromosome Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 6 IS 5 BP 415 EP 418 DI 10.1023/A:1009289625352 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 146BP UT WOS:000077407700011 PM 9872672 ER PT J AU Ryan, PC Conrad, ME Brown, K Chamberlain, CP Reynolds, RC AF Ryan, PC Conrad, ME Brown, K Chamberlain, CP Reynolds, RC TI Oxygen isotope compositions of mixed-layer serpentine-chlorite and illite-smectite in the Tuscaloosa Formation (US Gulf Coast): Implications for pore fluids and mineralogic reactions SO CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS LA English DT Article DE diagenesis; illite-smectite; oxygen isotopes; sandstone; serpentine-chlorite; Tuscaloosa Formation ID SOUTHERN NORTH-SEA; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ARGILLACEOUS SEDIMENTS; CLAY-MINERALS; DIAGENESIS; SANDSTONE; ORIGIN; BERTHIERINE; BASIN; ROCKS AB Oxygen isotopic compositions were determined for coexisting mixed-layer serpentine-chlorite (Sp-Ch) and illite-smectite (I-S) from 5 Tuscaloosa Formation sandstone cores sampled between 1937 and 5470 m burial depth. High gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) was used to concentrate Sp-Ch and I-S from the <0.5 mu m fraction of each core sample into fractions with a range in the Sp-Ch:I-S ratio, and end-member delta(18)O compositions were determined by extrapolation. The Sp-Ch delta(18)O values range from +10.4 to 13.7 parts per thousand and increase with burial between 3509 and 5470 m. The only exception is Sp-Ch from 1937 m, which has an anomalously high delta(18)O value of +12.6 parts per thousand. The I-S delta(18)O values range from +16.1 to 17.3 parts per thousand and do not change significantly between 3509 and 5470 m burial depth. Pore water delta(18)O compositions calculated from Sp-Ch and I-S values and measured borehole temperatures range from -2.6 to +10.3 parts per thousand. The isotopically light values indicate that Sp-Ch formed at shallow burial depths in the presence of brackish to marine water and/or meteoric water. The depth-related increase in delta(18)O of Sp-Ch is attributed to oxygen exchange between mineral and pore water during diagenetic mineral reactions. Increasing delta(18)O values, in conjunction with XRD and SEM data, indicate that transformation of serpentine layers to chlorite layers and Ibb polytype layers to Iaa polytype layers occurred on a layer-by-layer basis when individual layers dissolved and recrystallized within the confines of coherent crystals. Possible explanations for the variation in I-S delta(18)O values include depth-related differences in pore water delta(18)O values present at the time of I-S crystallization, contamination by detrital 2M(1) mica and 1M polytype rotations that facilitated oxygen exchange. C1 Salish Kootenai Coll, Environm Sci Program, Pablo, MT 59855 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Ryan, PC (reprint author), Salish Kootenai Coll, Environm Sci Program, Pablo, MT 59855 USA. RI Conrad, Mark/G-2767-2010 NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU CLAY MINERALS SOC PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY, STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0009-8604 EI 1552-8367 J9 CLAY CLAY MINER JI Clay Clay Min. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 46 IS 4 BP 357 EP 368 DI 10.1346/CCMN.1998.0460401 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Soil Science SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy; Agriculture GA 130UF UT WOS:000076538200001 ER PT J AU Ward, DB Brady, PV AF Ward, DB Brady, PV TI Effect of Al and organic acids on the surface chemistry of kaolinite SO CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS LA English DT Article DE aluminum; organic acids; oxalate; surface change ID ELECTRICAL DOUBLE-LAYER; OXIDE-WATER INTERFACE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; DISSOLUTION; COMPLEXATION; ALUMINA; CHARGE; MODEL; RATES; PH AB The cause of pH and ionic strength-dependent proton and hydroxyl adsorption onto kaolinite is specific binding at edge Al and Si sites, and it can be modeled as a function of temperature with a triple layer model (TLM) of the mineral-solution interface. Exchange of Al for protons and hydroxyls is observed at low pH, with a stoichiometry approaching 1:3 (Al:H(+)). Adsorption of organic acids from dilute solutions depends on: 1) solution pH; 2) the functionality of the acid; and, to a lesser extent, 3) temperature. Such adsorption may occur primarily at Al sites exposed on kaolinite edges, as indicated by sorption experiments on the constituent oxides, where negligible sorption was observed on SiO(2) (quartz), but was significant on Al(2)O(3) (corundum) surfaces. Under similar conditions, oxalate adsorbs more strongly than acetate or formate to aluminol sites. C1 Jacobs Engn Grp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ward, DB (reprint author), Jacobs Engn Grp Inc, 2155 Louisiana Blvd,Suite 10000, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. NR 32 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 4 U2 9 PU CLAY MINERALS SOC PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY, STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0009-8604 J9 CLAY CLAY MINER JI Clay Clay Min. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 46 IS 4 BP 453 EP 465 DI 10.1346/CCMN.1998.0460410 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Soil Science SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy; Agriculture GA 130UF UT WOS:000076538200010 ER PT J AU Pawson, S Fiorino, M AF Pawson, S Fiorino, M TI A comparison of reanalyses in the tropical stratosphere. Part 1: Thermal structure and the annual cycle SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM; FORECASTS AB An intercomparison of the thermal structure and the annual cycle in the tropical lower stratosphere of two reanalysis datasets is presented. These are from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) and the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF Re-Analysis: ERA). Generally, the ERA data are coldest and in better agreement with radiosonde observations; this is particularly apparent at 100 hPa where there is also a strong geographic bias, the maximum differences (more than 4 K) occurring over the southern Pacific and the Indian Ocean, with much smaller (sometimes reversed) differences over land. The NCEP temperatures are biased towards satellite-derived values, while the ERA data resolve the low tropopause temperatures much better. The lower ERA temperatures have important implications for the cross-tropopause exchange of water vapor. The meridional-height structure of the annual cycles agree quite well, but the amplitude in the ERA data is about 50% stronger than in NCEP at 70 hPa (in better agreement with previous studies) and weaker at lower pressures. As in previous studies, an anticorrelation is found between the tropical and extratropical temperatures of the reanalyses. The mean meridional flow at the equator is northward all year at all stratospheric levels in the NCEP data, implying a mass transport from the Southern to the Northern Hemisphere; in the ERA data the expected annual cycle (flow from summer to winter) is reproduced with very small annual mean exchange. C1 Free Univ Berlin, Inst Meteorol, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA USA. RP Pawson, S (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, USRA, Code 916, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM pawson@polska.gsfc.nasa.gov RI Fiorino, Michael/N-4150-2014; Pawson, Steven/I-1865-2014 OI Fiorino, Michael/0000-0002-2819-8157; Pawson, Steven/0000-0003-0200-717X NR 28 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0930-7575 J9 CLIM DYNAM JI Clim. Dyn. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 14 IS 9 BP 631 EP 644 DI 10.1007/s003820050246 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 108VU UT WOS:000075287100002 ER PT J AU Pawson, S Fiorino, M AF Pawson, S Fiorino, M TI A comparison of reanalyses in the tropical stratosphere. Part 2: The quasi biennial oscillation SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID CIRCULATION; MODEL; CYCLE; QBO AB Reanalysis datasets potentially offer the opportunity to examine the tropical quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in greater detail than in the Fast, including the associated meridional circulation and the links with other parts of the atmosphere. For such studies to be useful, the QBO represented by the reanalyses should be realistic. In this work? the QBO in the ERA and NCEP reanalyses is validated against rawinsonde observations from Singapore. Monthly mean data are used. In the lower stratosphere (at 50 hPa and 30 hPa) the ERA QBO is reasonable: although the wind extrema in both phases are too weak and the vertical shear and the temperature anomalies are too small. The NCEP QBO is weaker still. At 10 hPa neither reanalysis system performs well, both systems failing to reproduce the westerlies, possibly because of the proximity of the upper boundary. The Singapore wind is representative of the zonal means in the reanalyses. The weak wind extrema in the reanalyses would not support a wave-mean flow interaction theory of the QBO, because a large portion of the gravity wave spectrum which would be absorbed in reality would be transmitted beyond 10 hPa. The stronger shear zones captured in the ERA data, are associated with larger, more realistic temperature perturbations near 30 hPa. The northward velocities in the NCEP data show a more realistic structure than in the ERA reanalysis, where they are dominated by a Vertical "gridpoint wave" structure in the lowermost stratosphere. Despite the shortcomings of the reanalyses, the high correlations of the wind at 30 hPa and 50 hPa with the observations at Singapore mean that the reanalyses could potentially be used to examine the effects of the QBO away from the tropical stratosphere. Future reanalyses need to take full account of the wind shears evident in the rawinsonde observations and use models with an adequate resolution to capture these vertical scales. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA USA. Free Univ Berlin, Inst Meteorol, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. RI Fiorino, Michael/N-4150-2014; Pawson, Steven/I-1865-2014 OI Fiorino, Michael/0000-0002-2819-8157; Pawson, Steven/0000-0003-0200-717X NR 27 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0930-7575 J9 CLIM DYNAM JI Clim. Dyn. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 14 IS 9 BP 645 EP 658 DI 10.1007/s003820050247 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 108VU UT WOS:000075287100003 ER PT J AU Radziszewski, JG Kaszynski, P Friederichsen, A Abildgaard, J AF Radziszewski, JG Kaszynski, P Friederichsen, A Abildgaard, J TI Bent cyclopenta-2,4-dienylideneketene: Spectroscopic and ab initio study of reactive intermediate SO COLLECTION OF CZECHOSLOVAK CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE matrix isolation; photolysis of phthalic anhydride; IR spectrum of cyclopenta-2,4-dienylideneketene; ketenes; benzyne; ab initio calculations ID ARGON MATRIX; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; BENZYNE; PROPADIENONE; CYCLOPENTADIENYLIDENEKETENE; DIFLUOROPROPADIENONE; REARRANGEMENT; PYROLYSIS; ANHYDRIDE; SPECTRUM AB Results of an experimental and theoretical study of cyclopenta-2,4-dienylideneketene (3), a highly unstable reactive intermediate, are reported. The ketene was prepared, under matrix isolation conditions at 4.2 or 10 K, by laser photocarbonylation of 1,2-didehydrobenzene (1) photogenerated earlier from phthalic anhydride (2). FTIR polarization measurements performed on partially photooriented samples of 3 immobilized in solid neon or argon provide infrared transition moment directions for most of the observed vibrations. Experimental results confirm that the ketene is bent, as predicted by ab initio calculations. Utilizing two isotopically modified 3, 3b and 3c, on the basis of the infrared absorption spectrum alone, we have analyzed and assigned its vibrations in a way, which leaves no doubt about the bent ketene structure. This work was motivated by a long standing confusion surrounding the assignments of the vibrations in 1,2-didehydrobenzene (1), especially of its "triple" bond stretch. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn & Petr Refining, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Roskilde Univ, Dept Life Sci & Chem, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. RP Radziszewski, JG (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU INST ORGANIC CHEM AND BIOCHEM PI PRAGUE 6 PA ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBLIC, FLEMINGOVO NAM 2, PRAGUE 6, CZECH REPUBLIC 166 10 SN 0010-0765 J9 COLLECT CZECH CHEM C JI Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 63 IS 8 BP 1094 EP 1106 DI 10.1135/cccc19981094 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 121AN UT WOS:000075990100003 ER PT J AU Broadwell, JE Lutz, AE AF Broadwell, JE Lutz, AE TI A turbulent jet chemical reaction model: NOx production in jet flames SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION FLAMES; NONPREMIXED FLAMES; NITROGEN EMISSIONS; MIXING LAYERS; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS; OXIDES AB The Two-Stage Lagrangian turbulent jet reaction model is described, and results presented for NOx emissions from methane, CO-H-2, and hydrogen jet flames for a variety of conditions. The model includes complete chemical reaction mechanisms and treats the effects of buoyancy and radiation, the influences of which are shown to be significant. Non-equilibrium chemistry influences are also examined. The extensive comparisons made between the model and experimental results for the three fuels suggest that the model incorporates the essential processes that control NOx production in fuel jet flames. (C) 1998 by The Combustion Institute. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Broadwell, JE (reprint author), 8 Muirfield Rd, Half Moon Bay, CA 94019 USA. NR 41 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD AUG-SEP PY 1998 VL 114 IS 3-4 BP 319 EP 335 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(97)00333-7 PG 17 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA ZP679 UT WOS:000073777600004 ER PT J AU Chou, CP Chen, JY Yam, CG Marx, KD AF Chou, CP Chen, JY Yam, CG Marx, KD TI Numerical modeling of NO formation in laminar Bunsen flames - A flamelet approach SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID PREMIXED TURBULENT COMBUSTION; JET DIFFUSION FLAMES; EMISSION; NUMBER; FLOW AB Based on the flamelet concept, a numerical model has been developed for fast predictions of NOx and CO emissions from laminar flames. The model is applied to studying NO formation in the secondary nonpremixed flame zone of fuel-rich methane Bunsen flames. By solving the steady-state flamelet equations with the detailed GRI2.1 methane-air mechanism, a flamelet library is generated containing thermochemical information for a range of scalar dissipation rates at the ambient pressure condition. Modeling of NO formation is made by solving its conservation equation with chemical source term evaluated based on flamelet library using the extended Zeldovich mechanism and "NO reburning reactions." The optically-thin radiation heat transfer model is used to explore the potential effect of heat loss on thermal NO formation. The numerical scheme solves the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations as well as three additional equations: the mixture fraction, the NO mass fraction, and the enthalpy deficit due to radiative heat loss. With an established flamelet library, typical computing times are about 5 hours per calculation on a DEC-3000 300LX workstation. The predicted mixing field, radial temperature profiles, and NO distributions compare favorably with recent experimental data obtained by Nguyen et al. [2]. The dependence of NOx emission on equivalence ratio is studied numerically and the predictions are found to agree reasonably well with the measurements by Muss [3]. The computed results show a decreasing trend of NOx emission with the equivalence ratio but an increasing trend in the CO emission index. By examining this trade-off between NOx and CO, an optimal equivalence ratio of 1.4 is found to yield the lowest combined emission. (C) 1998 by The Combustion Institute. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Chen, JY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 24 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD AUG-SEP PY 1998 VL 114 IS 3-4 BP 420 EP 435 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(97)00317-9 PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA ZP679 UT WOS:000073777600011 ER PT J AU Ward, MJ Son, SF Brewster, MQ AF Ward, MJ Son, SF Brewster, MQ TI Steady deflagration of HMX with simple kinetics: A gas phase chain reaction model SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID COMBUSTION; MECHANISM AB A new approach is presented for modeling steady combustion of energetic solids, in particular HMX. A simplified, global, gas phase chain reaction kinetic mechanism is employed. Specifically, a zero-order, high activation energy thermal decomposition initiation reaction in the condensed phase followed by a second-order, low activation energy chain reaction in the gas phase is assumed. A closed-form solution is obtained, which is based on the activation energy asymptotics analysis of Lengelle in the condensed phase and the assumption of zero activation energy in the gas phase. Comparisons between the model and a variety of experimental observations over a wide range of pressures and initial temperatures are presented and demonstrate the validity of the approach. The model provides excellent agreement with burning rate data (including sensitivity to pressure and initial temperature) and temperature profile data (in particular the gas phase). This suggests that in the realm of simplified, approximate kinetics modeling of energetic solids, the low gas phase activation energy limit is a more appropriate model than the classical high activation energy limit or heuristic flame sheer models. The model also indicates that the condensed phase reaction zone plays an important role in determining the deflagration rate of HMX, underscoring the need for better understanding of the chemistry in this zone. (C) 1998 by The Combustion Institute. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Son, SF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS C920, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Son, Steven/0000-0001-7498-2922 NR 31 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD AUG-SEP PY 1998 VL 114 IS 3-4 BP 556 EP 568 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(97)00332-5 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA ZP679 UT WOS:000073777600020 ER PT J AU Johnson, MR Kostiuk, LW Cheng, RK AF Johnson, MR Kostiuk, LW Cheng, RK TI A ring stabilizer for lean premixed turbulent flames SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Energy & Environm, Combust Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Mech Engn, Combust & Environm Grp, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G8, Canada. RP Cheng, RK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Energy & Environm, Combust Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Johnson, Matthew/F-2672-2010 OI Johnson, Matthew/0000-0002-3637-9919 NR 8 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD AUG-SEP PY 1998 VL 114 IS 3-4 BP 594 EP 596 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(97)00353-2 PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA ZP679 UT WOS:000073777600025 ER PT J AU Gauldie, RW Romanek, CR AF Gauldie, RW Romanek, CR TI Orange roughy otolith growth rates: a direct experimental test of the Romanek-Gauldie otolith growth model SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE otolith; Hoplostethus atlanticus; endolymph; microincrement; growth; age ID HOPLOSTETHUS-ATLANTICUS; AGE-DETERMINATION; ENDOLYMPH AB Endolymph chemistry (Ca2+, pH, Na+) was measured in 17 orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus; Teleostei; Trachichthyidae). Theoretical daily microincrement widths based on the Romanek and Gauldie model of otolith growth were calculated from the measure of otolith chemistry. Theoretical daily microincrement widths were well-correlated (r(2) = 59%) with the width of the last daily microincrement growing at the posterior edge of otoliths taken from the sampled fish. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC USA. RP Gauldie, RW (reprint author), 76 Inglis St, Seatoun Wellington, New Zealand. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 120 IS 4 BP 649 EP 653 DI 10.1016/S1095-6433(98)10082-X PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 127GE UT WOS:000076341900011 ER PT J AU Attaway, SW Hendrickson, BA Plimpton, SJ Gardner, DR Vaughan, CT Brown, KH Heinstein, MW AF Attaway, SW Hendrickson, BA Plimpton, SJ Gardner, DR Vaughan, CT Brown, KH Heinstein, MW TI A parallel contact detection algorithm for transient solid dynamics simulations using PRONTO3D SO COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID IMPACT AB An efficient, scalable, parallel algorithm for treating material surface contacts in solid mechanics finite element programs has been implemented in a modular way for multiple-instruction, multiple-data (MIMD) parallel computers. The serial contact detection algorithm that was developed previously for the transient dynamics finite element code PRONTO3D has been extended for use in parallel computation by utilizing a dynamic (adaptive) load balancing algorithm. This approach is scalable to thousands of computational nodes(1). C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Attaway, SW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 30 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0178-7675 J9 COMPUT MECH JI Comput. Mech. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 22 IS 2 BP 143 EP 159 DI 10.1007/s004660050348 PG 17 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA 119VE UT WOS:000075918000003 ER PT J AU Gray, LJ Maroudas, D Enmark, MN AF Gray, LJ Maroudas, D Enmark, MN TI Galerkin boundary integral method for evaluating surface derivatives SO COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC STRESS-ANALYSIS; HYPERSINGULAR INTEGRALS; ELEMENT METHOD; ELECTROMIGRATION; COMPUTATION; EQUATION; DYNAMICS; CRACK AB A Galerkin boundary integral procedure for evaluating the complete derivative, e.g., potential gradient or stress tensor, is presented. The expressions for these boundary derivatives involve hypersingular kernels, and the advantage of the Galerkin approach is that the integrals exist when a continuous surface interpolation is employed. As a consequence, nodal derivative values, at smooth surface points or at corners, can be obtained directly. This method is applied to the problem of electromigration-driven void dynamics in thin film aluminum interconnects. In this application, the tangential component of the electric field on the boundary is required to compute the flux of atoms at the void surface. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Gray, LJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 35 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0178-7675 J9 COMPUT MECH JI Comput. Mech. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 22 IS 2 BP 187 EP 193 DI 10.1007/s004660050352 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA 119VE UT WOS:000075918000007 ER PT J AU Tabbara, MR Stone, CM AF Tabbara, MR Stone, CM TI A computational method for quasi-static fracture SO COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID DOMAIN INTEGRAL METHOD; FREE GALERKIN METHODS; EDGE CRACKING; PARAMETERS; PLATES; TIP AB A direct method for solving quasi-static, mixed-mode fracture problems is presented. The element-free Galerkin method is used in order to allow for crack growth without remeshing. An expression for the normalized, critical traction is derived in terms of the fracture resistance (R-curve) and a crack-dependent function. Sample problems demonstrate the capability of this method to accurately compute the post-peak equilibrium paths for structures with growing cracks. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tabbara, MR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,Mail Stop 0437, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0178-7675 J9 COMPUT MECH JI Comput. Mech. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 22 IS 2 BP 203 EP 210 DI 10.1007/s004660050354 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA 119VE UT WOS:000075918000009 ER PT J AU Tuzun, RE Burkhardt, P Secrest, D AF Tuzun, RE Burkhardt, P Secrest, D TI Accurate computation of individual and tables of 3-j and 6-j symbols SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Wigner 3-j and 6-j symbols; vector coupling coefficients; quantum theory of angular momentum; Clebsch-Gordan coefficients; Racah coefficients ID COEFFICIENTS; SETS AB By rewriting the formulas for 3-j and 6-j symbols in terms of several possible alternating binomial sums, it is possible to calculate these quantities quickly and accurately, often exactly, using floating point operations. The binomial sums can be calculated by direct summation or by recursion. A simple method for uniquely parameterizing the well-known Regge symmetries of the 3-j and 6-j symbols makes it possible to systematize the choice of the smallest magnitude binomial sum (which enhances the accuracy of floating point calculations and speeds up exact calculations using large integer routines). Formulas for special cases of the 3-j symbols enable the construction of recursion sequences which are often substantially faster than direct summation, especially for very large angular momentum arguments. For both 3-j and 6-j symbols, recursion offers several advantages over direct summation in exact calculations and for calculating tables. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Tuzun, RE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 112 IS 2-3 BP 112 EP 148 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(98)00065-4 PG 37 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 115WK UT WOS:000075689200002 ER PT J AU Hinton, TG Gessaman, JA Nagle, RD Congdon, JD AF Hinton, TG Gessaman, JA Nagle, RD Congdon, JD TI An evaluation of whole body potassium-40 content for estimating lean and fat mass in pigeons SO CONDOR LA English DT Article DE body composition; Columba livia; lean mass; lipids; pigeon; potassium-40 measurement AB A severe limitation in studies of avian ecological energetics is the lack of an accurate, noninvasive technique for determining whole body fat storage in living birds. We explored a technique of assaying total body potassium as a predictor of lean mass (LM) and then derived fat mass (FM) by subtracting LM from total body mass. Body potassium (K), present in lean tissue but not in fat, was estimated noninvasively from naturally-occurring radioactive K-40, which Occurs as a fixed ratio to total body K. We assayed 29 pigeon (Columba livia) carcasses for K-40 and then measured LM from body composition analyses in which fat mass was extracted using petroleum ether. The K-40 results were regressed against LM using five different combinations of independent variables. Regression equations were tested by comparing predicted LM (and FM predictions by subtraction from body mass) to measured LM values obtained from a separate group of pigeons. Whole body assay of K-40 was not a useful predictor of LM in pigeons (r(2) = 0.51; mean absolute error was 14 +/- 7%). Absolute errors increased with FM predictions (96 +/- 50%). Adding body mass as an independent variable increased the r(2) to 0.97, but body mass alone explained 96% of the variability in LM. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Hinton, TG (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM hinton@srel.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0010-5422 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD AUG PY 1998 VL 100 IS 3 BP 579 EP 582 DI 10.2307/1369730 PG 4 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 109EH UT WOS:000075307900024 ER PT J AU Kohn, MJ Valley, JW AF Kohn, MJ Valley, JW TI Obtaining equilibrium oxygen isotope fractionations from rocks: theory and examples SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY LA English DT Article ID P-T PATHS; FAST GRAIN-BOUNDARY; TIERRA-DEL-FUEGO; SW TAUERN WINDOW; METAMORPHIC ROCKS; SOUTHEASTERN VERMONT; STABLE-ISOTOPE; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; REGIONAL METAMORPHISM; GRENVILLE PROVINCE AB A generalized approach for retrieving equilibrium isotope fractionations from natural rocks is proposed in which models of prograde reaction histories and retrograde diffusional exchange are used to identify coexisting minerals with similar isotope closure temperatures. Examples using literature data and new analyses from 32 natural amphibolite-facies schists demonstrate both the feasibility and limitations of obtaining equilibrium oxygen isotope fractionations from minerals in natural rocks. By screening samples according to the theoretical models, natural data are shown to have highly consistent mineral fractionations (+/- 2 sigma reproducibilities of +/- 0.16 to 0.54 parts per thousand) that within uncertainty reproduce experimental determinations among the minerals quartz, biotite, muscovite, and calcic amphibole. This correspondence indicates that the proposed theoretically-based selection criteria improve the likelihood of measuring equilibrium fractionations. The new data further corroborate the expected progressive enrichment of delta(18)O in the orthosilicates with increasing Al + Si relative to Fe + Mg: Delta(Ky-Grt) similar to 1.05 parts per thousand, Delta(St-Grt) similar to 0.6%,, and Delta(St-Cld) similar to 0.3 parts per thousand, at 525-575 degrees C. In contrast, typical samples that fail to satisfy screening criteria exhibit fractionations involving quartz, biotite, and amphibole that are strongly disequilibrium because of exchange during cooling. Theoretical screening of samples prior to isotope analysis allows robust, independent assessment of theoretical and experimental determinations of equilibrium isotope fractionations. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geol & Geophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Kohn, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Valley, John/B-3466-2011; Kohn, Matthew/A-2562-2012 OI Valley, John/0000-0003-3530-2722; NR 87 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0010-7999 J9 CONTRIB MINERAL PETR JI Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 132 IS 3 BP 209 EP 224 DI 10.1007/s004100050418 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 119VF UT WOS:000075918200001 ER PT J AU Mansfeld, F AF Mansfeld, F TI Discussion: A correlation between salt spray and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test results for conversion-coated aluminum alloys SO CORROSION LA English DT Editorial Material DE accelerated testing; aluminum alloys; conversion coatings; corrosion resistance; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; salt spray testing; test methods ID SURFACE MODIFICATION C1 Univ So Calif, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Corros & Environm Effects Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Rockwell Int Sci Ctr, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Mansfeld, F (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Corros & Environm Effects Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD AUG PY 1998 VL 54 IS 8 BP 595 EP 596 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 107FP UT WOS:000075196800001 ER PT J AU Boopathy, R Gurgas, M Ullian, J Manning, JF AF Boopathy, R Gurgas, M Ullian, J Manning, JF TI Metabolism of explosive compounds by sulfate-reducing bacteria SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SP B-STRAIN; NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS; MICROBIAL TRANSFORMATION; PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; NITROGEN-SOURCE; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; TNT AB The metabolism of various explosive compounds-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazocine (HMX)-by a sulfate-reducing bacterial consortium, Desulfovibrio spp., was studied. The results indicated that the Desulfovibrio spp. used all of the explosive compounds studied as their sole source of nitrogen for growth. The concentrations of TNB, RDX, and HMX in the culture media dropped to below the detection limit (<0.5 ppm) within 18 days of incubation. We also observed the production of ammonia from the nitro groups of the explosive compounds in the culture media. This ammonia served as a nitrogen source for the bacterial growth, and the concentration of ammonia later dropped to <0.5 mg/L. The sulfate-reducing bacteria may be useful in the anaerobic treatment of explosives-contaminated soil. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Evanston, IL USA. RP Boopathy, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 21 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 37 IS 2 BP 127 EP 131 DI 10.1007/s002849900350 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 100VQ UT WOS:000074836400009 PM 9662613 ER PT J AU Crofts, AR Berry, EA AF Crofts, AR Berry, EA TI Structure and function of the cytochrome bc(1) complex of mitochondria and photosynthetic bacteria SO CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IRON-SULFUR PROTEIN; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHAEROIDES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; C OXIDOREDUCTASE; OXIDATION SITE; SUBUNIT-IV; Q(O) SITE; UBIHYDROQUINONE AB Progress has recently been made in the understanding of the function of the cytochrome bc(1) complex and related proteins in the context of recent structural information. The structures support many features that were predicted from sequence analysis and biophysical studies, but contain some surprises. Most dramatically, it is apparent that the iron-sulfur protein can take up different positions in different crystals, suggesting a novel mechanism for electron transfer through domain movement. Evidence from studies of mutant strains, in which the function of the sites or the binding of inhibitors is perturbed, has provided clues about the mechanism. C1 Univ Illinois, Ctr Biophys & Computat Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Crofts, AR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Ctr Biophys & Computat Biol, 388 Morrill Hall,505 S Goodwin, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM a-crofts@uiuc.edu; EABerry@lbl.gov FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK44842]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM35438] NR 44 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 5 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON W1P 6LB, ENGLAND SN 0959-440X J9 CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 8 IS 4 BP 501 EP 509 DI 10.1016/S0959-440X(98)80129-2 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 112QF UT WOS:000075505000014 PM 9729743 ER PT J AU Menon, PM Clausing, RE Heatherly, L Feigerle, CS AF Menon, PM Clausing, RE Heatherly, L Feigerle, CS TI The morphology of diamond grown by hot filament chemical vapor deposition SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE chemical vapor deposition; hot-filament CVD; crystal morphology; diamond film growth ID CVD DIAMOND; FILMS; MECHANISMS; MODEL AB The effect on the growth morphology of changing methane concentration and substrate temperature has been studied in a hot filament chemical vapor deposition reactor. Methane concentration and substrate temperatures were varied from 0.5 to 1.5% and 536 to 1140 degrees C, respectively. The morphology produced has been quantified as the ratio of the rate of growth in the [100] and [111] crystallographic directions, and the dependence of this ratio on growth parameters has been used to produce a morphology map for the hot filament system. The morphology map generated shows trends similar to those observed for microwave plasma depositions. In addition, the apparent growth rates in the [100] and [111] crystallographic directions have been determined in the region of 1 < alpha < 3. The growth rate in the [100] direction exhibits a sharp drop at temperatures where the crystal geometry is changing from octahedral to cube-octahedral, whereas the growth rate in the [111] direction exhibits a more gradual change with temperature. These effects are attributed to the temperature dependence of surface diffusion. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Feigerle, CS (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 8 BP 1201 EP 1206 DI 10.1016/S0925-9635(98)00178-2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 106ME UT WOS:000075132700018 ER PT J AU Dingley, KH Freeman, SPHT Nelson, DO Garner, RC Turteltaub, KW AF Dingley, KH Freeman, SPHT Nelson, DO Garner, RC Turteltaub, KW TI Covalent binding of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline to albumin and hemoglobin at environmentally relevant doses - Comparison of human subjects and F344 rats SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HETEROCYCLIC AMINES; MOLECULAR DOSIMETRY; MUTAGENIC COMPOUND; PROTEIN ADDUCTS; COOKED FOODS; DNA; CARCINOGENS; EXPOSURE; CANCER AB Covalent binding of the food-borne heterocyclic amine 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) to albumin and hemoglobin (Hb), 3.5-6.0 hr after oral administration of a single dose of either 21.3 or 228.0 mu g of [C-14]MeIQx (304 and 3257 ng/kg of body weight, respectively, based on a 70-kg subject weight), was studied in human volunteers using accelerator mass spectrometry. Human protein adduct levels were compared with data obtained for male F344 rats 4.5 hr after oral administration of 0.94-11,420 ng/kg of body weight [C-14]MeIQx. Dose-dependent levels of MeIQx-albumin and MeIQx-Hb adducts were detected in both humans and rats. In each case, the regression coefficient (slope) of the dose-response curve was approximately 1. The highest levels of adduct formation per unit dose of MeIQx occurred with human albumin, followed by rat albumin, human Hb, and rat Hb (in that order). Although the human subjects were elderly and underwent colon resection surgery during the study period, the results indicate that formation of albumin and Hb adducts is dose dependent and that a trend exists for higher adduct levels per unit dose in humans, compared with F344 rats. Furthermore, MeIQx-albumin adducts are likely to provide a more sensitive marker of exposure to MeIQx than are MeIQx-Hb adducts. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ York, Jack Birch Unit Environm Carcinogenesis, York YO1 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RP Dingley, KH (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, POB 808,L-452, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Freeman, Stewart/C-3290-2012 OI Freeman, Stewart/0000-0001-6148-3171 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA55861] NR 27 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 8 BP 825 EP 828 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 109XG UT WOS:000075349200016 PM 9698300 ER PT J AU Jagoe, CH Dallas, CE Chesser, RK Smith, MH Lingenfelser, SK Lingenfelser, JT Holloman, K Lomakin, M AF Jagoe, CH Dallas, CE Chesser, RK Smith, MH Lingenfelser, SK Lingenfelser, JT Holloman, K Lomakin, M TI Contamination near Chernobyl: radiocaesium, lead and mercury in fish and sediment radiocaesium from waters within the 10 km zone SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE radiocaesium; mercury; lead; fish; Chernobyl ID SWEDISH LAKES; RADIOCESIUM; CS-137; RUSSIA; DNA AB Samples of fish and sediments collected from waters within 10 km of the Chernobyl Nuclear Po,ver Plant were analysed for radiocaesium and other atmospherically transported pollutants (lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg)) were measured in fish tissues. For comparison, fish muscle was also sampled from a less-contaminated area of the Kiev Reservoir and from a hatchery in Kiev. In sediments, Cs-137 was the major gamma-emitting isotope, with concentrations of over 100 Bq g(-1) in canals adjacent to the reactor and in ponds that were downwind during the accident. The radiocaesium distributions appeared non-normal, were very patchy and could vary by over 100% in samples collected metres to tens of metres apart. Fish muscle radiocaesium from ponds within 10 km of the power plant was in the range of 6-192 Bq g(-1) The fish muscle radiocaesium concentrations were highest in ponds from the downwind sites and were correlated with the sediment radiocaesium concentrations. The lead and mercury concentrations in fish were relatively low (medians <0.8 mu g Hg per g dry mass and <150 ng Pb per g dry mass), suggesting little contamination from lead applied to the burning reactor after the accident. The radiocaesium levels in fish in areas close to the reactor continue to be high enough to cause health concerns to humans that might utilize these resources. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Univ Georgia, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Georgia, DB Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Int Res & Dev Agcy, UA-252001 Kiev, Ukraine. RP Jagoe, CH (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 4 BP 201 EP 209 DI 10.1023/A:1008934710904 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 119YW UT WOS:000075927300003 ER PT J AU Dallas, CE Lingenfelser, SF Lingenfelser, JT Holloman, K Jagoe, CH Kind, JA Chesser, RK Smith, MH AF Dallas, CE Lingenfelser, SF Lingenfelser, JT Holloman, K Jagoe, CH Kind, JA Chesser, RK Smith, MH TI Flow cytometric analysis of erythrocyte and leukocyte DNA in fish from Chernobyl-contaminated ponds in the Ukraine SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE genotoxicity; Chernobyl; fish; flow cytometry; coefficient of variation ID CELL-CYCLE PROGRESSION; CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS; ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; RADIATION; DAMAGE; DELAY; EXPOSURE; POPULATIONS; IRRADIATION AB Flow cytometric (FCM) analysis was used to assess the potential impact of chronic radionuclide exposure in fish populations inhabiting contaminated sites in the vicinity of the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Four species of fish, channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), crucian carp (Carassius carassius), carp (Cyprinus carpio) and tench (Tinca tinca), were collected within a 10 km radius of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and compared with 'control' populations from two uncontaminated locations far removed from the plant, Assays of whole blood, as well as separate erythrocyte and leukocyte components, revealed aneuploid-like patterns in the DNA histograms of some fish, as well as widened G(0)/G(1) peaks. None of the fish collected from the uncontaminated sites demonstrated these kinds of changes in their DNA histograms. Increases in the coefficient of variation (CV) of the G(0)/G(1) peak, indicating abnormal DNA distributions, were observed in several of the fish from Chernobyl relative to the control populations. Cell cycle perturbation in fish from the contaminated sites was also detected, with a higher percentage of cells in G(2)/M phase relative to the controls. Leukocytes proved more sensitive than erythrocytes, as they displayed a larger number of abnormal DNA histograms. Variations in the cellular DNA content similar to those reported here have been shown for other vertebrate species exposed to radiation and other genotoxic agents in laboratory and field settings. C1 Univ Georgia, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut & Biomed Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. US Fish & Wildlife Serv, White Marsh, VA 23183 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29082 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Georgia, Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Dallas, CE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut & Biomed Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 46 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 11 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 4 BP 211 EP 219 DI 10.1023/A:1008986727743 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 119YW UT WOS:000075927300004 ER PT J AU Leahy, RM Mosher, JC Spencer, ME Huang, MX Lewine, JD AF Leahy, RM Mosher, JC Spencer, ME Huang, MX Lewine, JD TI A study of dipole localization accuracy for MEG and EEC using a human skull phantom SO ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE magnetoencephalography (MEG); electroencephalography (EEG); dipole localization; phantom; boundary element methods; locally fitted spheres AB Objective: To investigate the accuracy of forward and inverse techniques for EEG and MEG dipole localization. Design and Methods: A human skull phantom was constructed with brain, skull and scalp layers and realistic relative conductivities. Thirty two independent current dipoles were distributed within the 'brain' region and EEG and MEG data collected separately for each dipole. The true dipole locations and orientations and the morphology of the brain, skull and scalp layers were extracted from X-ray CT data. The location of each dipole was estimated from the EEG and MEG data using the R-MUSIC inverse method and forward models based on spherical and realistic head geometries. Additional computer simulations were performed to investigate the factors affecting localization accuracy. Results: Localization errors using the relatively simpler locally fitted sphere approach are only slightly greater than those using a BEM approach. The average localization error over the 32 dipoles was 7-8 mm for EEG and 3 mm for MEG, Conclusion: The superior performance of MEG over EEG appears to be because the latter is more sensitive to errors in the forward model arising from simplifying assumptions concerning the conductivity of the skull, scalp and brain. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ So Calif, Inst Signal & Image Proc, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Signal Proc Solut Inc, Redondo Beach, CA 90277 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Radiol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Radiol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. RP Leahy, RM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Inst Signal & Image Proc, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM leahy@sipi.usc.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01-MH53213] NR 22 TC 191 Z9 193 U1 4 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0013-4694 J9 ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO JI Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 107 IS 2 BP 159 EP 173 DI 10.1016/S0013-4694(98)00057-1 PG 15 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Clinical Neurology SC Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 117BU UT WOS:000075760900010 PM 9751287 ER PT J AU Rosenfeld, AH Akbari, H Romm, JJ Pomerantz, M AF Rosenfeld, AH Akbari, H Romm, JJ Pomerantz, M TI Cool communities: strategies for heat island mitigation and smog reduction SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article DE heat islands; cool communities; savings; implementation; policy; smog; ozone; incentives; cool roofs; pavements; trees; energy; utilities; air conditioning; residential buildings; commercial buildings; south coast USA; simulation ID EMISSION RATES AB Adopting our 'cool communities' strategies of reroofing and repaving in lighter colors and planting shade trees can effect substantial energy savings, directly and indirectly. In our target city of Los Angeles, annual residential air-conditioning (A/C) bills can be reduced directly by about US$100 M and, because these strategies serve to cool the air in the Los Angeles basin and reduce smog exceedance levels by about 10%, an additional savings of US$70 M in indirect cooling and US$360 M in smog-reduction benefits-a total savings of about US$1/2 B per year-is possible. Trees are most effective if they shade buildings, but the savings are significant even if they merely cool the air by evapotranspiration. In Los Angeles, avoided peak power for air conditioning can reach about 1.5 GW (more than 15% of the city's air conditioning). Generalized to the entire US, we estimate that 25 CW can be avoided with potential annual benefits of about US$5 B by the year 2015. Recent steps taken by cities in the warm half of US towards adoption of cool communities include (1) incorporation of cool roofs in the revised ASHRAE building standards S90.1 and (2) inclusion of cool surfaces and shade trees as tradeable smog-offset credits in Los Angeles. Other step underway include (1) plans by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to approve heat island mitigation measures in the state implementation plan to comply with ozone standards and (2) plans for ratings and labeling of cool surfaces. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 US DOE, Washington, DC USA. RP Rosenfeld, AH (reprint author), US DOE, EE-40,1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC USA. EM arthur.rosenfeld@hq.doe.gov; h_akbari@lbl.gov; joseph.romm@hq.doe.gov; m_pomerantz@lbl.gov NR 29 TC 188 Z9 194 U1 4 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 28 IS 1 BP 51 EP 62 DI 10.1016/S0378-7788(97)00063-7 PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 105ZR UT WOS:000075105700006 ER PT J AU Kriese, MD Boismier, DA Moody, NR Gerberich, WW AF Kriese, MD Boismier, DA Moody, NR Gerberich, WW TI Nanomechanical fracture-testing of thin films SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Special Session on Nanomechanics and Nanofracture, at the 9th International Conference on Fracture CY APR 01-05, 1997 CL SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA DE interfacial fracture; indentation; scratch testing; nanomechanics; thin films ID BIMATERIAL INTERFACES; MICROWEDGE INDENTATION; FINE LINE; ADHESION; MECHANICS; CRACK; DELAMINATION; RESISTANCE; TOUGHNESS; MICROSCRATCH AB Nanochemical testing techniques were used to quantitatively assess the adhesion of thin film-substrate systems. These techniques utilized micron-scale diamond tips with instrumentation continuously measuring to sub-nanometer and sub-millinewton resolutions. Delamination was modeled as an interfacial crack propagation problem, utilizing linear elastic fracture mechanics and characterized by the critical strain energy release rate. A 9.1 mu m thick phenol-formaldehyde polymer film on stainless steel was tested with indentation, scratching and edge-loading of fine lines. Also, sputtered copper and tungsten-copper bilayer films on SiO2, 150 to 1500 nm thick, were tested with indentation. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Ctr Interfacial Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Hutchinson Technol Inc, Hutchinson, MN USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP Gerberich, WW (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Ctr Interfacial Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 53 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 61 IS 1 BP 1 EP 20 DI 10.1016/S0013-7944(98)00050-2 PG 20 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 147LY UT WOS:000077570300002 ER PT J AU Moody, NR Medlin, D Boehme, D Norwood, DP AF Moody, NR Medlin, D Boehme, D Norwood, DP TI Film thickness effects on the fracture of tantalum nitride on aluminum nitride thin film systems SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Special Session on Nanomechanics and Nanofracture, at the 9th International Conference on Fracture CY APR 01-05, 1997 CL SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA DE nanoindentation; nanoscratch fracture; tantalum nitride films; aluminum nitride substrates ID METAL-FILMS; ADHESION; MICROSCRATCH; INDENTATION; STRESS; DELAMINATION; RESISTANCE; MECHANICS; AL2O3; LOAD AB In this study, nanoindentation and nanoscratch testing were combined with transmission electron microscopy to establish the relationship between structure, properties, and fracture resistance of thin tantalum nitride resistor films on aluminum nitride substrates. The films were sputter-deposited to thicknesses of 160, 440, and 500 nm. Nanoindentation was used to determine mechanical properties while nanoscratch tests were used to measure interfacial fracture energies. These tests showed that the measured elastic moduli of all films were independent of indenter depth and approximately equal to the value measured for the aluminum nitride substrates, They also showed that measured hardness values increased with film thickness. More importantly, the fracture energies measured in indentation fracture and nanoscratch tests were essentially equal and independent of film thickness. These results showed that tantalum nitride films and aluminum nitride substrates behaved in an inherently brittle manner. They further showed that fracture was localized along the interface suggesting that adhesion was controlled by the nature of bonding across the interface plane. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Moody, NR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 31 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 61 IS 1 BP 107 EP 118 DI 10.1016/S0013-7944(98)00055-1 PG 12 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 147LY UT WOS:000077570300008 ER PT J AU Zhou, SJ Lomdahl, PS Voter, AF Holian, BL AF Zhou, SJ Lomdahl, PS Voter, AF Holian, BL TI Three-dimensional fracture via large-scale molecular dynamics SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Special Session on Nanomechanics and Nanofracture, at the 9th International Conference on Fracture CY APR 01-05, 1997 CL SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA DE atomistic simulation; three-dimensional crack; dislocation emission; ductility; embedded atom method ID EMBEDDED-ATOM METHOD; CRACK TIPS; DISLOCATION EMISSION; NUCLEATION; DUCTILE; BRITTLE; SIMULATIONS; CONTINUUM; CLEAVAGE; CRYSTALS AB A series of massively parallel molecular dynamics simulations with up to 35 million atoms is performed to investigate dislocation emission from a three-dimensional crack. We observe dislocation loops emitted from the crack front, both in the bulk and near the free surfaces. The sequence of dislocation emission in the process of crack blunting strongly depends on the crystallographic orientation of the crack front and differs strikingly from anything previously conjectured. This finding is essential to establish a precise dislocation emission criterion (i.e: intrinsic ductility criterion). We also find that boundary conditions and interatomic force laws have a significant effect on jogging or blunting dislocation emission modes. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Theoret & Computat Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhou, SJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Theoret & Computat Phys Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 38 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 61 IS 1 BP 173 EP 187 DI 10.1016/S0013-7944(98)00053-8 PG 15 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 147LY UT WOS:000077570300012 ER PT J AU McCloskey, JT Schultz, IR Newman, MC AF McCloskey, JT Schultz, IR Newman, MC TI Estimating the oral bioavailability of methylmercury to channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE oral bioavailability; methylmercury; channel catfish; elimination; uptake ID TROUT SALMO-GAIRDNERI; RAINBOW-TROUT; MERCURY; PHARMACOKINETICS; TISSUE; SALAR; WATER AB In classical pharmacology, oral bioavailability of a toxicant is defined as that fraction of an orally administered dose reaching the systemic circulation of the animal. The present study estimates the bioavailability of methylmercury in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) by comparing concentrations in the blood through time after oral and intra-arterial (IA) administration. Catfish were cannulated in the dorsal aorta and gavaged a pelleted feed that had been spiked with methylmercury. Each catfish was gavaged an increasing amount of spiked feed. Following oral dosing, serial blood samples were removed for more than 1,500 h. One month after removal of the last blood sample, the same fish were injected IA with methylmercury and serial blood samples were removed for more than 3,000 h. The area under the curve of the blood concentration-time curve extrapolated to infinity (AUC(0-->x)) was calculated from fish dosed orally and IA using both noncompartmental (trapezoidal) and compartmental methods. Bioavailability was estimated as the ratio of the dose-corrected oral AUC(0-->x) to the IA AUC(0-->x). Average bioavailability estimates from this approach were 33% using noncompartmental (range 14-55%) and 29% using compartmental (range 12-42%) methods and were correlated with the amount of food gavaged to the fish (r(2) = 0.95, p = 0.026). Bioavailability estimates using the present methods were much lower than estimates using more conventional methods (i.e., assimilation efficiency estimates using mass balance), suggesting that conventional methods may overestimate the true bioavailability of toxicants in fish. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Battelle PNNL, Mol Biosci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. RP McCloskey, JT (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, POB 99, Gloucester, VA 23061 USA. NR 27 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 17 IS 8 BP 1524 EP 1529 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<1524:ETOBOM>2.3.CO;2 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 106LK UT WOS:000075130900012 ER PT J AU Martin, EA White, INH Turteltau, KW Smith, LL AF Martin, EA White, INH Turteltau, KW Smith, LL TI Identification of tamoxifen-DNA adducts SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article ID WOMEN AB We have developed a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique which separates tamoxifen-DNA adducts in rat liver into 12 peaks. Our results suggest that alpha-hydroxylation is the major route of activation in rat Liver, whereas 4-hydroxylation represents a minor pathway. In humans, adducts are absent or at low levels making detection a problem. Using HPLC, no tamoxifen adducts have been detected in human uterus and to improve sensitivity we are using [C-14]tamoxifen and accelerator mass spectrometry to detect adducts. Before surgery, patients take a capsule containing [C-14]tamoxifen and the DNA in excised tissues is analysed for [C-14], to assess the irreversible binding. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd; All rights reserved. C1 MRC, Toxicol Unit, Leicester, Leics, England. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Martin, EA (reprint author), MRC, Toxicol Unit, Leicester, Leics, England. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0959-8049 J9 EUR J CANCER JI Eur. J. Cancer PD AUG PY 1998 VL 34 SU 4 BP S65 EP S66 DI 10.1016/S0959-8049(98)00122-1 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 132KF UT WOS:000076628300039 ER PT J AU Gueneau, P Morel, F Laroche, J Erdner, D AF Gueneau, P Morel, F Laroche, J Erdner, D TI The petF region of the chloroplast genome from the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii: sequence, organization and phylogeny SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ferredoxin; Odontella sinensis; origin of plastids; Thalassiosira weissflogii ID ODONTELLA-SINENSIS; MESSENGER-RNA; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN; ALGA; PHYTOPLANKTON; PLASTIDS AB We report the cloning and characterization of a 1881 bp Thalassiosira weissflogii (Bacillariophyceae, Centrales) plastid genomic fragment containing the ferredoxin gene (petF) and several other genes. The organization of this fragment is exactly the same as its equivalent region from the plastid genome of another centric diatom, Odontella sinensis, and the sequences share high homology in both coding and non-coding regions. Traces of a probable vestigial protein-coding gene and of a partial trn gene are found just after the trnR gene in both diatoms as well as in the plastid genome of the red alga Porphyra purpurea, illustrating the close relationship between red algal and heterokont algal plastid genomes and arguing in favour of the origin of the latter by secondary endosymbiosis. In accordance with phylogenetic analyses of most plastid genes, phylogenetic trees inferred from 69 ferredoxin sequences show that both the green and the red algal plastid genes arose from cyanobacterial genes; our results furthermore suggest that each of these plastid lineages is related to different extant cyanobacterial genes, implying either that different endosymbiotic events were responsible for the origin of green and red plastids or that each lineage kept only one (and a different one) of several paralogous cyanobacterial genes present in the ancestral cyanobacterial genome. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Gueneau, P (reprint author), MATEX, 22 Rue Marechal Juin, F-30130 Pont St Esprit, France. RI Erdner, Deana/C-4981-2008; LaRoche, Julie/A-1109-2010 OI Erdner, Deana/0000-0002-1736-8835; NR 24 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0967-0262 J9 EUR J PHYCOL JI Eur. J. Phycol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 33 IS 3 BP 203 EP 211 DI 10.1017/S096702629800170X PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 128DY UT WOS:000076391000002 ER PT J AU Appelshauser, H Bachler, J Bailey, SJ Barnby, LS Bartke, J Barton, RA Bialkowska, H Blyth, CO Bock, R Bormann, C Brady, FP Brockmann, R Buncic, N Buncic, P Caines, HL Cebra, D Chan, P Cooper, GE Cramer, JG Cramer, PB Csato, P Dunn, J Eckardt, V Eckhardt, F Ferguson, MI Fischer, HG Flierl, D Fodor, Z Foka, P Freund, P Friese, V Fuchs, M Gabler, F Gal, J Gazdzicki, M Gladysz, E Gorodetsky, P Grebieszkow, J Gunther, J Harris, JW Hegyi, S Henkel, T Hill, LA Huang, I Hummler, H Igo, G Irmscher, D Jacobs, P Jones, PG Kadija, K Kolesnikov, VI Kowalski, M Lasiuk, B Levai, P Malakhov, AI Margetis, S Markert, C Melkumov, GL Mock, A Molnar, J Nelson, JM Odyniec, G Palla, G Panagiotou, AD Petridis, A Piper, A Porter, RJ Poskanzer, AM Poziombka, S Prindle, DJ Puhlhofer, F Rauch, W Reid, JG Renfordt, R Retyk, W Ritter, HG Rohrich, D Roland, C Roland, G Rudolph, H Rybicki, A Sakrejda, I Sandoval, A Sann, H Semenov, AY Schafer, E Schmischke, D Schmitz, N Schonfelder, S Seyboth, P Seyerlein, J Sikler, F Skrzypczak, E Squier, GTA Stock, R Strobele, H Szentpetery, I Sziklai, J Toy, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Ullrich, T Vassiliou, M Vesztergombi, G Vranic, D Wang, F Weerasundara, DD Wenig, S White, S Whitten, C Wienold, T Wood, L Yates, TA Zimanyi, J Zhu, XZ Zybert, R AF Appelshauser, H Bachler, J Bailey, SJ Barnby, LS Bartke, J Barton, RA Bialkowska, H Blyth, CO Bock, R Bormann, C Brady, FP Brockmann, R Buncic, N Buncic, P Caines, HL Cebra, D Chan, P Cooper, GE Cramer, JG Cramer, PB Csato, P Dunn, J Eckardt, V Eckhardt, F Ferguson, MI Fischer, HG Flierl, D Fodor, Z Foka, P Freund, P Friese, V Fuchs, M Gabler, F Gal, J Gazdzicki, M Gladysz, E Gorodetsky, P Grebieszkow, J Gunther, J Harris, JW Hegyi, S Henkel, T Hill, LA Huang, I Hummler, H Igo, G Irmscher, D Jacobs, P Jones, PG Kadija, K Kolesnikov, VI Kowalski, M Lasiuk, B Levai, P Malakhov, AI Margetis, S Markert, C Melkumov, GL Mock, A Molnar, J Nelson, JM Odyniec, G Palla, G Panagiotou, AD Petridis, A Piper, A Porter, RJ Poskanzer, AM Poziombka, S Prindle, DJ Puhlhofer, F Rauch, W Reid, JG Renfordt, R Retyk, W Ritter, HG Rohrich, D Roland, C Roland, G Rudolph, H Rybicki, A Sakrejda, I Sandoval, A Sann, H Semenov, AY Schafer, E Schmischke, D Schmitz, N Schonfelder, S Seyboth, P Seyerlein, J Sikler, F Skrzypczak, E Squier, GTA Stock, R Strobele, H Szentpetery, I Sziklai, J Toy, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Ullrich, T Vassiliou, M Vesztergombi, G Vranic, D Wang, F Weerasundara, DD Wenig, S White, S Whitten, C Wienold, T Wood, L Yates, TA Zimanyi, J Zhu, XZ Zybert, R CA NA49 Collaboration TI Spectator nucleons in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A center dot GeV SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID TARGET FRAGMENTATION; ULTRARELATIVISTIC ENERGIES; MULTIFRAGMENTATION AB The composition of forward-going projectile spectator matter in fixed-target Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A.GeV at the CERN SPS has been studied as a function of centrality. The data were measured with the NA49 veto calorimeter. We observe that forward-going spectator matter in central collisions consists of 9 neutrons, 7 protons, and half a deuteron on average. At large impact parameters most spectator nucleons are bound in fragments. The relative resolution of the average impact parameter derived from the measurement of spectator neutrons is roughly 19% in the range from zero to half maximum impact parameters. C1 Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens, Greece. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Gesell Schwerionenforsch GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Univ Frankfurt, Fachbereich Phys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Marburg, Fachbereich Phys, D-3550 Marburg, Germany. Max Planck Inst Phys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Nucl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. RP Appelshauser, H (reprint author), Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens, Greece. RI Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Levai, Peter/A-1544-2014 OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; NR 18 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD AUG PY 1998 VL 2 IS 4 BP 383 EP 390 DI 10.1007/s100500050135 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 120CL UT WOS:000075937000011 ER PT J AU Breitweg, J Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, T Musgrave, B Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Yoshida, R Zhang, H Mattingly, MCK Anselmo, F Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Castellini, G Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Coppola, N Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Polini, A Satorelli, G Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Brock, I Coboken, E Crittenden, J Deffner, R Eckert, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Kappes, A Katz, UF Kerger, R Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Stamm, J Wieber, H Bailey, DS Campbell-Robson, S Cottingham, WN Foster, B Hall-Wilton, R Heath, GP Heath, HF McFall, JD Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Ayad, R Capua, M Iannotti, L Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Lee, JH Lim, LT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Jing, Z Liu, W Mellado, B Parsons, JA Ritz, J Sampson, S Sciulli, F Straub, PB Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Klimek, K Przybycien, MB Zamiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bedaarek, B Bukowy, M Czermak, AM Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Rulikowska-Zarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Dulinski, Z Kotanskii, A Abbiendi, G Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Desler, K Drews, G Fricke, U Gialas, I Goebel, F Gottlicher, P Graciani, R Haas, T Hain, W Hasell, D Hebbel, E Johnson, KF Kasemann, M Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Lindemann, L Lohr, B Milewski, J Milite, M Monteiro, T Ng, JST Notz, D Park, IH Pellegrino, A Pelucchi, F Piotrzkowski, K Rohde, M Roldan, J Ryan, JJ Savin, AA Schneekloth, U Schwarzer, O Selonke, F Stonjek, S Surrow, B Tassi, E Westphal, D Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zeuner, W Burow, BD Coldewey, C Grabosch, HJ Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Maccarrone, G Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Markun, P Raach, H Trefzger, T Wolfle, S Bromley, JT Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Macdonald, N Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Skillicorn, IO Strickland, E Waugh, R Bohnet, I Gendner, N Holm, U Meyer-Larsen, A Salehi, H Wick, K Garfagnini, A Gladilin, LK Horstmann, D Kcira, D Klanner, R Lohrmann, E Poelz, G Schott, W Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Butterworth, I Cole, JE Howell, G Lamberti, L Long, KR Miller, DB Pavel, N Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Sideris, D Walker, R Mallik, T Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D Fleck, JI Ishii, T Kuze, M Suzuki, I Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yaqmauchi, K Yamazaki, Y Hong, SJ Lee, SB Nam, SW Park, SK Barreiro, F Fernandez, JP Garcia, G Glasman, C Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L Martinez, M del Peso, J Puga, J Terron, J de Troconiz, JF Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmaan, J Hung, LW Murray, WN Ochs, A Riveline, M Stairs, DG St-Laurent, M Ullmann, R Tsurugai, T Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Khein, LA Korotkova, NA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Botje, M Brummer, N Engelen, J Koffeman, E Kooijman, P van Sighem, A Tiecke, E Tuning, N Verkerke, W Vossebeld, J Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Ginsburg, CM Kim, CL Ling, TY Nylander, P Romanowski, TA Blaikley, HE Cashmore, RJ Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Edmonds, JK Grosse-Knetter, J Harnew, N Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Ruske, O Tickner, JR Walczak, R Waters, DS Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Bulmahn, J Oh, BY Okrasinski, JR Toothacker, WS Whitmore, JJ D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Raso, M Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Epperson, D Heusch, C Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Wichmann, R Williams, DC Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S Kananov, S Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Inuzuka, M Nagano, K Umemori, K Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Matsushita, T Arneodo, T Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Monaco, V Peroni, C Petrucci, TC Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Fagerstroem, CP Galea, R Hartner, GF Joe, KK Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sabetfakhri, A Simmons, D Teuscher, RJ Butterworth, JM Catterall, CD Hayes, ME Jones, TW Lane, JB Saunders, RL Sutton, MR Wing, M Ciborowski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Paylak, R Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Deppe, O Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Badgett, WF Chapin, D Cross, R Dasu, S Foudas, C Loveless, RJ Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Hughes, VW Bhadra, S Frisken, WR Khakzad, M Schmidke, WB AF Breitweg, J Derrick, M Krakauer, D Magill, S Mikunas, T Musgrave, B Repond, J Stanek, R Talaga, RL Yoshida, R Zhang, H Mattingly, MCK Anselmo, F Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Castellini, G Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Coppola, N Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Laurenti, G Levi, G Margotti, A Massam, T Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Polini, A Satorelli, G Garcia, YZ Zichichi, A Amelung, C Bornheim, A Brock, I Coboken, E Crittenden, J Deffner, R Eckert, M Grothe, M Hartmann, H Heinloth, K Heinz, L Hilger, E Jakob, HP Kappes, A Katz, UF Kerger, R Paul, E Pfeiffer, M Stamm, J Wieber, H Bailey, DS Campbell-Robson, S Cottingham, WN Foster, B Hall-Wilton, R Heath, GP Heath, HF McFall, JD Piccioni, D Roff, DG Tapper, RJ Ayad, R Capua, M Iannotti, L Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Lee, JH Lim, LT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Cartiglia, N Jing, Z Liu, W Mellado, B Parsons, JA Ritz, J Sampson, S Sciulli, F Straub, PB Zhu, Q Borzemski, P Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Klimek, K Przybycien, MB Zamiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bedaarek, B Bukowy, M Czermak, AM Jelen, K Kisielewska, D Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Rulikowska-Zarebska, E Suszycki, L Zajac, J Dulinski, Z Kotanskii, A Abbiendi, G Bauerdick, LAT Behrens, U Beier, H Bienlein, JK Desler, K Drews, G Fricke, U Gialas, I Goebel, F Gottlicher, P Graciani, R Haas, T Hain, W Hasell, D Hebbel, E Johnson, KF Kasemann, M Koch, W Kotz, U Kowalski, H Lindemann, L Lohr, B Milewski, J Milite, M Monteiro, T Ng, JST Notz, D Park, IH Pellegrino, A Pelucchi, F Piotrzkowski, K Rohde, M Roldan, J Ryan, JJ Savin, AA Schneekloth, U Schwarzer, O Selonke, F Stonjek, S Surrow, B Tassi, E Westphal, D Wolf, G Wollmer, U Youngman, C Zeuner, W Burow, BD Coldewey, C Grabosch, HJ Meyer, A Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Pelfer, P Maccarrone, G Votano, L Bamberger, A Eisenhardt, S Markun, P Raach, H Trefzger, T Wolfle, S Bromley, JT Brook, NH Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Macdonald, N Saxon, DH Sinclair, LE Skillicorn, IO Strickland, E Waugh, R Bohnet, I Gendner, N Holm, U Meyer-Larsen, A Salehi, H Wick, K Garfagnini, A Gladilin, LK Horstmann, D Kcira, D Klanner, R Lohrmann, E Poelz, G Schott, W Zetsche, F Bacon, TC Butterworth, I Cole, JE Howell, G Lamberti, L Long, KR Miller, DB Pavel, N Prinias, A Sedgbeer, JK Sideris, D Walker, R Mallik, T Wang, SM Wu, JT Cloth, P Filges, D Fleck, JI Ishii, T Kuze, M Suzuki, I Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yaqmauchi, K Yamazaki, Y Hong, SJ Lee, SB Nam, SW Park, SK Barreiro, F Fernandez, JP Garcia, G Glasman, C Hernandez, JM Hervas, L Labarga, L Martinez, M del Peso, J Puga, J Terron, J de Troconiz, JF Corriveau, F Hanna, DS Hartmaan, J Hung, LW Murray, WN Ochs, A Riveline, M Stairs, DG St-Laurent, M Ullmann, R Tsurugai, T Bashkirov, V Dolgoshein, BA Stifutkin, A Bashindzhagyan, GL Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Khein, LA Korotkova, NA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Solomin, AN Zotkin, SA Bokel, C Botje, M Brummer, N Engelen, J Koffeman, E Kooijman, P van Sighem, A Tiecke, E Tuning, N Verkerke, W Vossebeld, J Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Acosta, D Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Gilmore, J Ginsburg, CM Kim, CL Ling, TY Nylander, P Romanowski, TA Blaikley, HE Cashmore, RJ Cooper-Sarkar, AM Devenish, RCE Edmonds, JK Grosse-Knetter, J Harnew, N Nath, C Noyes, VA Quadt, A Ruske, O Tickner, JR Walczak, R Waters, DS Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dosselli, U Limentani, S Morandin, M Posocco, M Stanco, L Stroili, R Voci, C Bulmahn, J Oh, BY Okrasinski, JR Toothacker, WS Whitmore, JJ D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Raso, M Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Shah, TP Epperson, D Heusch, C Rahn, JT Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Wichmann, R Williams, DC Abramowicz, H Briskin, G Dagan, S Kananov, S Levy, A Abe, T Fusayasu, T Inuzuka, M Nagano, K Umemori, K Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Homma, K Kitamura, S Matsushita, T Arneodo, T Cirio, R Costa, M Ferrero, MI Maselli, S Monaco, V Peroni, C Petrucci, TC Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Dardo, M Bailey, DC Fagerstroem, CP Galea, R Hartner, GF Joe, KK Levman, GM Martin, JF Orr, RS Polenz, S Sabetfakhri, A Simmons, D Teuscher, RJ Butterworth, JM Catterall, CD Hayes, ME Jones, TW Lane, JB Saunders, RL Sutton, MR Wing, M Ciborowski, J Grzelak, G Kasprzak, M Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Paylak, R Tymieniecka, T Wroblewski, AK Zakrzewski, JA Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Deppe, O Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Badgett, WF Chapin, D Cross, R Dasu, S Foudas, C Loveless, RJ Mattingly, S Reeder, DD Smith, WH Vaiciulis, A Wodarczyk, M Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Hughes, VW Bhadra, S Frisken, WR Khakzad, M Schmidke, WB CA ZEUS Collaboration TI Diffractive dijet cross sections in photoproduction at HERA SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; LARGE RAPIDITY GAP; LUND MONTE-CARLO; POMERON STRUCTURE; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; FERMILAB TEVATRON; JET FRAGMENTATION; HARD SCATTERING; E+E-PHYSICS AB Differential dijet cross sections have been measured with the ZEUS detector for photoproduction events in which the hadronic final state containing the jets is separated with respect to the outgoing proton direction by a large rapidity gap. The cross section has been measured as a function of the fraction of the photon (x(gamma)(OBS)) and pomeron (beta(OBS)) momentum participating in the production of the dijet system. The observed x(gamma)(OBS) dependence shows evidence for the presence of a resolved- as well as a direct-photon component. The measured cross section d sigma/d beta(OBS) increases as beta(OBS) increases indicating that there is a sizeable contribution to dijet production from those events in which a large fraction of the pomeron momentum participates in the hard scattering. These cross sections and the ZEUS measurements of the diffractive structure function carl be described by calculations ba-sed on parton densities ill the pomeron which evolve according to the QCD evolution equations and include a substantial hard momentum component of gluons in the pomeron. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. INFN, Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Acad Min & Met, Fac Phys & Nucl Techniques, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany. DESY, IfH Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Hamburg, Inst Exp Phys 1, Hamburg, Germany. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys 2, Hamburg, Germany. Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, Germany. Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Phys Nucl, Moscow, Russia. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Dept Phys, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Fac Sci 2, Alessandria, Italy. INFN, Alessandria, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. RP Breitweg, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/I-5152-2016; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015 OI Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/0000-0001-7166-5198; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Kasemann, Matthias/0000-0002-0429-2448; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Abbiendi, Giovanni/0000-0003-4499-7562; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; NR 59 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 1998 VL 5 IS 1 BP 41 EP 56 DI 10.1007/s100520050246 PG 16 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 114GW UT WOS:000075601600003 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Bizzarri, R Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, T Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Haas, D Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A Hirschfelder, J van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Kasser, A Khani, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A Lacentre, P de Guevara, PL Landi, D Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lavorato, A Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Leggett, C Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Mi, Y Migani, D Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Moulik, T Mount, R Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Ness-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palit, S Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D Quartieri, J Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S Riemann, S Riles, K Rind, O Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Rosselet, P van Rossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sauvage, G Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-Kaerst, S Schmitz, D Schneegans, M Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Vlachos, S Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F AF Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Bizzarri, R Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, T Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Haas, D Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A Hirschfelder, J van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Kasser, A Khani, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A Lacentre, P de Guevara, PL Landi, D Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lavorato, A Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Leggett, C Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Mi, Y Migani, D Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Moulik, T Mount, R Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Ness-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palit, S Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D Quartieri, J Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S Riemann, S Riles, K Rind, O Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Rosselet, P van Rossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sauvage, G Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-Kaerst, S Schmitz, D Schneegans, M Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Vlachos, S Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F CA L3 Collaboration TI Measurement of the B-d(0)-(B)over-bar(d)(0) oscillation frequency SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID HADRONIC Z(0) DECAYS; LUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; MIXING PARAMETER; E+E-PHYSICS; MESON; LIFETIME; LEPTONS AB Time-dependent B-0-(B) over bar(0) mixing is studied using about two million hadronic Z decays registered by L3 in 1994 and 1995. For this study three techniques are used. Tagging of the b-quark charge at decay time is performed by identifying leptons from semileptonic B decays. The flavour of the b quark at production time is determined from the charge of the lepton in the opposite hemisphere or by using a jet-charge technique. The proper time of the B-particle decay is obtained by reconstructing the production and decay vertices or by a measurement of the lepton impact parameter. The combined result for the frequency of B-d(0) meson oscillations is Delta m(d) = 0.444 +/- 0.040 ps(-1). C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, LAPP, IN2P3, CNRS, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Humboldt Univ, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. Univ Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Inst Atom Phys, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Univ Bucharest, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Hungarian Acad Sci, Cent Res Inst Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Florence, I-50125 Florence, Italy. CERN, European Lab Particle Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. World Lab, FBLJA Project, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230029, Anhui, Peoples R China. Res Inst High Energy Phys, SEFT, SF-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Univ Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Univ Cyprus, Dept Nat Sci, Nicosia, Cyprus. Catholic Univ Nijmegen, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Salerno, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Santiago, Dept Fis Particulas Elementales, E-15706 Santiago, Spain. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Cent Lab Mechatron & Instrumentat, BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35486 USA. Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. NIKHEF H, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. DESY, Inst Hochenergiephys, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Univ Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu, Taiwan. RP Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RI Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Palomares, Carmen/H-7783-2015; Fedin, Oleg/H-6753-2016; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015 OI Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Palomares, Carmen/0000-0003-4374-9065; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306 NR 29 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 1998 VL 5 IS 2 BP 195 EP 203 DI 10.1007/s100520050262 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 119YC UT WOS:000075925300001 ER PT J AU Keller, S Womersley, J AF Keller, S Womersley, J TI Measurement of the W boson mass at the LHC SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article AB We explore the ability of the Large Hadron Collider to measure the mass of the W boson. We believe that a precision better than similar to 15 MeV could be attained, based on a year of operation at low luminosity (10(33) cm(-2) s(-1)). If this is true; this measurement will be the world's best determination of the W mass. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Keller, S (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 1998 VL 5 IS 2 BP 249 EP 253 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 119YC UT WOS:000075925300005 ER PT J AU Albrecht, R Antonenko, V Awes, TC Barlag, C Bloomer, MA Blume, C Bock, D Bock, R Bohne, EM Bucher, D Claussen, A Clewing, G Eklund, A Fokin, S Franz, A Garpman, S Geurts, F Glasow, R Gustafsson, HA Gutbrod, HH Holker, G Idh, J Ippolitov, M Jacobs, P Kamermans, R Kampert, KH Karadjev, K Kolb, BW Lebedev, A Lohner, H Lund, I Manko, V Nikolaev, S Obenshain, FE Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Peitzmann, T Plasil, F Poskanzer, AM Purschke, M Ritter, HG Saini, S Santo, R Schmidt, HR Soderstrom, K Sorensen, SP Stankus, P Steffens, K Steinhaeuser, P Stenlund, E Stuken, D Twenhofel, C Vinogradov, A Young, GR AF Albrecht, R Antonenko, V Awes, TC Barlag, C Bloomer, MA Blume, C Bock, D Bock, R Bohne, EM Bucher, D Claussen, A Clewing, G Eklund, A Fokin, S Franz, A Garpman, S Geurts, F Glasow, R Gustafsson, HA Gutbrod, HH Holker, G Idh, J Ippolitov, M Jacobs, P Kamermans, R Kampert, KH Karadjev, K Kolb, BW Lebedev, A Lohner, H Lund, I Manko, V Nikolaev, S Obenshain, FE Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Peitzmann, T Plasil, F Poskanzer, AM Purschke, M Ritter, HG Saini, S Santo, R Schmidt, HR Soderstrom, K Sorensen, SP Stankus, P Steffens, K Steinhaeuser, P Stenlund, E Stuken, D Twenhofel, C Vinogradov, A Young, GR CA WA80 Collaboration TI Transverse momentum distributions of neutral pions from nuclear collisions at 200 AGeV SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; ULTRARELATIVISTIC ENERGIES; CHARGED-PARTICLES; S+S COLLISIONS; ETA-MESONS; P-NUCLEUS; SPECTRA; MODEL; CERN AB New results on transverse mass spectra of neutral pions measured at central rapidity are presented for impact parameter selected 200 A.GeV S + S and S + Au collisions. The distributions cover more than 8 orders of magnitude in cross section over the range 0.3 GeV/c less than or equal to p(T) less than or equal to 4.0 GeV/c. Detailed comparisons to results from pp collisions are made. The spectra from all systems show a clear power-law like shape with similar curvature. Collisions of S + Au exhibit a larger mean transverse momentum than pp increasing with centrality. Predictions of string models and by hydrodynamic approaches including collective expansion and decays of short lived resonances are compared to the data and the implications are discussed. C1 Gesell Schwerionenforsch, D-64220 Darmstadt, Germany. Russian Res Ctr, Kurchatov Inst, Moscow 123182, Russia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Munster, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Lund, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. Univ Utrecht, NIKHEF H, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands. Univ Groningen, KVI, NL-9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Albrecht, R (reprint author), Gesell Schwerionenforsch, D-64220 Darmstadt, Germany. RI Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Lohner, Herbert/B-2397-2014; OI Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Lohner, Herbert/0000-0002-7441-739X; Kampert, Karl-Heinz/0000-0002-2805-0195 NR 49 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 1998 VL 5 IS 2 BP 255 EP 267 DI 10.1007/s100520050267 PG 13 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 119YC UT WOS:000075925300006 ER PT J AU Spieles, C Gerland, L Hammon, N Bleicher, M Bass, SA Stocker, H Greiner, W Lourenco, C Vogt, R AF Spieles, C Gerland, L Hammon, N Bleicher, M Bass, SA Stocker, H Greiner, W Lourenco, C Vogt, R TI A microscopic calculation of secondary Drell-Yan production in heavy ion collisions SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; DIMUON PRODUCTION; DILEPTON PRODUCTION; LEPTON PRODUCTION; PAIR PRODUCTION; VECTOR-MESON; PROTON; RADIATION; SUPPRESSION AB A study of secondary Drell-Yan production in nuclear collisions is presented for SPS energies. In addition to the lepton pairs produced in the initial collisions of the projectile and target nucleons, we consider the potentially high dilepton yield from hard valence antiquarks in produced mesons and antibaryons. We calculate the secondary Drell-Yan contributions taking the collision spectrum of hadrons from the microscopic model URQMD. The contributions from meson-baryon interactions, small in hadron-nucleus interactions, are found to be substantial in nucleus-nucleus collisions at low dilepton masses. Preresonance collisions of partons may further increase the yields. C1 Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. CERN, PPE, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Spieles, C (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, Robert Mayer Str 8, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. RI Bleicher, Marcus/A-2758-2010; Stoecker, Horst/D-6173-2013; OI Stoecker, Horst/0000-0002-3282-3664; Bass, Steffen/0000-0002-9451-0954 NR 49 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD AUG PY 1998 VL 5 IS 2 BP 349 EP 355 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 119YC UT WOS:000075925300018 ER PT J AU van Smaalen, S Dinnebier, RE Schnelle, W Holleman, I von Helden, G Meijer, G AF van Smaalen, S Dinnebier, RE Schnelle, W Holleman, I von Helden, G Meijer, G TI Phase transitions of CO-intercalated C-60 crystals SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLID C-60; FULLERENE C-60; HEAT-CAPACITY; DSC AB We report the temperature dependence of the specific heat of (CO)(x)C-60, and the temperature dependence of the lattice parameter, as determined by X-ray powder diffraction. A first-order phase transition and a glass transition are found to occur at temperatures below the corresponding transition temperatures of pure C-60. The transition temperatures depend on x. Specific-heat measurements on a sample with x approximate to 0.5 show the orientational ordering transition at T-c = 248.8 K and the glass transition at T-g = 83.9 K. Contrary to pure C-60, the temperature dependence of the lattice parameter of (CO)xC(60) (x approximate to 0.67) does not show an anomaly at the glass transition, which is explained by the already expanded lattice of(CO)(x)C-60. The energy difference between major and minor orientations is determined as 19.1 meV. C1 Univ Bayreuth, Crystallog Lab, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Univ Nijmegen, Dept Mol & Laser Phys, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP van Smaalen, S (reprint author), Univ Bayreuth, Crystallog Lab, POB 101251, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. RI Meijer, Gerard/D-2141-2009; van Smaalen, Sander/C-3489-2009; Holleman, Iwan/D-6229-2013; Dinnebier, Robert/B-5642-2015; von Helden, Gert/H-9357-2012 OI van Smaalen, Sander/0000-0001-9645-8240; Dinnebier, Robert/0000-0003-2778-2113; von Helden, Gert/0000-0001-7611-8740 NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEXA PA 7, AVE DU HOGGAR, PARC D ACTIVITES COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEXA, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 43 IS 3 BP 302 EP 307 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 109ZC UT WOS:000075353400012 ER PT J AU Gang, H Patel, J Wu, XZ Deutsch, M Gang, O Ocko, BM Sirota, EB AF Gang, H Patel, J Wu, XZ Deutsch, M Gang, O Ocko, BM Sirota, EB TI Macroscopic manifestations of surface crystallization SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID NORMAL-ALKANES AB Two rather dramatic and unusual, visually observable phenomena occurring in molten wax, are reported and explained: Shaking the liquid in a vial will yield a foam, even though no surfactant is present; dust spread on the liquid surface is seen to move laterally with surprising speed. We performed systematic measurements on a single-component wax, the n-alkane C20H42, visualizing the surface under linear temperature gradients and in the presence of gas slowly bubbling from below. These macroscopic effects are studied quantitatively, and shown to be macroscopic manifestations of the existence of a monomolecular crystalline alkane layer at the liquid-vapor interface. A proposed phase diagram for the thin bubble mall is shown to account for the bubbles' coalescence and bursting behavior. These results imply the existence of a new mechanism for foam stability and can be expected to broadly occur in systems containing alkyl-chains. C1 Exxon Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gang, H (reprint author), Exxon Res & Engn Co, Route 22 E, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. RI Sirota, Eric/A-7633-2009 NR 20 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEXA PA 7, AVE DU HOGGAR, PARC D ACTIVITES COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEXA, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 43 IS 3 BP 314 EP 319 DI 10.1209/epl/i1998-00358-9 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 109ZC UT WOS:000075353400014 ER PT J AU Sensen, CW Charlebois, RL Chow, C Clausen, IG Curtis, B Doolittle, WF Duguet, M Erauso, G Gaasterland, T Garrett, RA Gordon, P de Jong, IH Jeffries, AC Kozera, C Medina, N De Moors, A van der Oost, J Phan, H Ragan, MA Schenk, MF She, QX Singh, RK Tolstrup, N AF Sensen, CW Charlebois, RL Chow, C Clausen, IG Curtis, B Doolittle, WF Duguet, M Erauso, G Gaasterland, T Garrett, RA Gordon, P de Jong, IH Jeffries, AC Kozera, C Medina, N De Moors, A van der Oost, J Phan, H Ragan, MA Schenk, MF She, QX Singh, RK Tolstrup, N TI Completing the sequence of the Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 genome SO EXTREMOPHILES LA English DT Review DE Sulfolobus solfataricus; archaea; genomic sequence; MAGPIE ID TRANSFER-RNA GENES; HALOFERAX-VOLCANII; ARCHAEON; HYPERTHERMOPHILES; METABOLISM; ACIDOCALDARIUS; VECTORS; CLUSTER; INTRON; MAGPIE AB The Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 genome collaborators are poised to sequence the entire 3-Mbp genome of this crenarchaeote archaeon, About 80% of the genome has been sequenced to date, with the rest of the sequence being assembled fast. In this publication we introduce the genomic sequencing and automated analysis strategy and present intial data derived from the sequence analysis. After an overview of the general sequence features, metabolic pathway studies are explained, using sugar metabolism as an example, The paper closes with an overview of repetitive elements in S. solfataricus. C1 Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Marine Biosci, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada. Univ Ottawa, Dept Biol, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biochem, Sch Med, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada. Novo Nordisk AS, Screening Biotechnol Enzyme Res, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark. Universite Paris Sud, Inst Genet & Microbiol, Lab Enzymol Acides Nucl, FR-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Copenhagen, Inst Mol Biol, DK-1307 Copenhagen K, Denmark. Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Wageningen Univ Agr, Microbiol Lab, NL-6703 CT Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Sensen, CW (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Marine Biosci, 1411 Oxford St, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada. RI She, Qunxin/E-4311-2012; Sensen, Christoph/C-1798-2013; Ragan, Mark/A-9825-2014 OI She, Qunxin/0000-0002-4448-6669; Sensen, Christoph/0000-0001-9604-8962; Ragan, Mark/0000-0003-1672-7020 NR 30 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1431-0651 J9 EXTREMOPHILES JI Extremophiles PD AUG PY 1998 VL 2 IS 3 BP 305 EP 312 DI 10.1007/s007920050073 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 114WZ UT WOS:000075633300022 PM 9783178 ER PT J AU Amthor, JS AF Amthor, JS TI Perspective on the relative insignificance of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration to crop yield SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE atmospheric CO2 concentration; crop yield; hay; Oryza; rice; Triticum; wheat; yield improvement ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY; 18TH-CENTURY ENGLAND; WHEAT; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; RESPONSES; CLIMATE; TRENDS; SPECULATIONS; ENRICHMENT AB Average yield of most crops in many countries increased significantly during the past 50 to 100 years. Although atmospheric CO2 concentration, [CO2](a), also increased during that time period, and although crop growth and yield can respond positively to [CO2](a) increase, yield increases were due mainly to factors other than increasing [CO2](a). Similarly, some yield increases prior to 1900 were also associated primarily with factors other than changes in [CO2](a). In particular, past national average yield increases were the result chiefly of technological advances such as nitrogen fertilization; selection of genotypes with increased harvest index and disease resistance; mechanization of planting, cultivation, and harvesting; and chemical weed and pest control. If technology continues to increase average yields at recent rates, near-future increases in [CO2](a) will have only small impacts on yield in comparison to technology in many countries. Conversely, if future increases in [CO2](a) are the main drivers of future yield increases, those yield increases will be small. These points are demonstrated through a comparison of (i) long-term records of yield, (ii) data from key controlled-[CO2] experiments, and (iii) records of past [CO2](a). Finally, it is noted that continued [CO2](a) increase may bring with it climatic changes that could have negative or positive impacts on future yield. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Amthor, JS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6422, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Amthor, Jeffrey/F-2696-2016 OI Amthor, Jeffrey/0000-0002-1410-6100 NR 60 TC 36 Z9 42 U1 5 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 58 IS 2 BP 109 EP 127 DI 10.1016/S0378-4290(98)00089-6 PG 19 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 114JJ UT WOS:000075605100003 ER PT J AU Nebel, RA Barnes, DC AF Nebel, RA Barnes, DC TI The periodically oscillating plasma sphere SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electrostatic confinement; Penning traps; fusion reactors ID INERTIAL-ELECTROSTATIC CONFINEMENT; FUSION AB A new method of operating an inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) device is proposed, and its performance is evaluated. The scheme involves an oscillating thermal cloud of ions immersed in a bath of electrons that form a harmonic oscillator potential. The scheme is called the periodically oscillating plasma sphere, and it appears to solve many of the problems that may limit other IEC systems to low gain. A set of self-similar solutions to the ion fluid equations is presented, and plasma performance is evaluated. Results indicate that performance enhancement of gridded IEC systems such as the Los Alamos intense neutron source device is possible as well as high-performance operation for low-loss systems such as the Penning trap experiment. Finally, a conceptual idea for a massively modular Penning trap reactor is also presented. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Theory Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nebel, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Theory Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 27 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 USA SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 34 IS 1 BP 28 EP 45 PG 18 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 104YE UT WOS:000075043900004 ER PT J AU Eichler, EE Hoffman, SM Adamson, AA AF Eichler, EE Hoffman, SM Adamson, AA TI Complex beta-satellite repeat structures and the expansion of the zinc finger gene cluster in 19p12 SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-IIIA; HUMAN-CHROMOSOME 19Q; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; REPRESSOR DOMAIN; DNA-SEQUENCES; HUMAN GENOME; EVOLUTION; FAMILY; CELLS; REGION AB We investigated the organization, architecture, and evolution of the largest cluster (similar to 4 Mb) of Kruppel-associated box zinc finger (KRAB-ZNF) genes located in cytogenetic band interval 19p12, A highly integrated physical map (similar to 700 kb) of overlapping cosmid and BAC clones was developed between genetic STS markers D19S454 and D19S269. Using ZNF91 exon-specific probes to interrogate a detailed EcoRI restriction map of the region, ZNF genes were found to be distributed in a head-to-tail fashion throughout the region with an average density of one ZNF duplicon every 150-180 kb of genomic distance. Sequence analysis of 208,967 bp of this region indicated the presence of two putative ZNF genes: one consisting of a novel member of this gene family (ZNF208) expressed ubiquitously in all tissues examined and the other representing a nonprocessed pseudogene (ZNF209), located 450 kb proximal to ZNF208. Large blocks of (similar to 25-kb) inverted beta-satellite repeats with a remarkably symmetrical higher order repeat structure were found to bracket the functional ZNF gene. Hybridization analysis using the beta-satellite repeat as a probe indicates that p-satellite interspersion between ZNF gene cassettes is a general property for 1.5 Mb of the ZNF gene cluster in 19p12. Both molecular clock data as well as a retroposon-mapping molecular fossil approach indicate that this ZNF cluster arose early during primate evolution (similar to 50 million years ago). We propose an evolutionary model in which heteromorphic pericentromeric repeat structures such as the beta satellites have been coopted to accommodate rapid expansion of a large gene family over a short period of evolutionary time. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Human Genome Ctr, BBRP, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Eichler, EE (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Human Genome Ctr, BBRP, L-452, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM eee@po.cwru.edu NR 79 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 USA SN 1054-9803 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 8 IS 8 BP 791 EP 808 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 115PT UT WOS:000075674400006 PM 9724325 ER PT J AU Kuss, BJ O'Neill, GM Eyre, H Doggett, NA Callen, DF Davey, RA AF Kuss, BJ O'Neill, GM Eyre, H Doggett, NA Callen, DF Davey, RA TI ARA, a novel ABC transporter, is located at 16p13.1, is deleted in inv(16) leukemias, and is shown to be expressed in primitive hematapoietic precursors SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; HUMAN TUMOR-CELLS; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; GENE; MRP; OVEREXPRESSION; CHROMOSOME-16; LOCALIZATION; DELETIONS AB ATP-binding cassette (ABC), ATP-dependent transporters are a large superfamily of proteins that include the multidrug resistance proteins, P-glycoprotein and MRP (multidrug resistance protein). The ARA (anthracycline resistance-associated) gene that codes for a putative member of the ABC transporters has recently been cloned and shown to have high sequence homology to the gene for MRP, We have previously shown MRP to be deleted in a subset of inv(16) leukemic patients. The deletion of MRP was associated with an improved patient survival compared with inv(16) patients who did not have such a deletion. In this study, the ARA gene is mapped to 16p13.1, in the same physical interval as the inv(16) short-arm breakpoint. It is shown to be situated proximal to both MYH11, the gene involved in the primary breakpoint on the short arm of the inv(le), and MRP. A YAC clone has been isolated containing both MRP and ARA. FISH analysis of metaphase chromosomes from inv(16) patients has established the gene order as telomere-MYH11-MRP-ARA-centromere and demonstrated that both ARA and MRP are deleted in a subgroup of the inv(16) leukemias. ARA and MRP are both shown to be expressed in normal hematopoietic precursors including CD34(+) cells. The mapping of ARA to this region and its homology to MRP raises questions about its potential role in the biology of the inv(16) leukemias. (C) 1998 Academic Press C1 Womens & Childrens Hosp, Dept Cytogenet & Mol Genet, N Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia. Royal N Shore Hosp, Dept Clin Oncol, Bill Walsh Canc Res Labs, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kuss, BJ (reprint author), Inst Child Hlth, Dept Mol Haematol, 30 Guilford St, London WC1N 1EH, England. RI Callen, David/G-1975-2012; O'Neill, Geraldine/F-3112-2014 NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 51 IS 3 BP 455 EP 458 DI 10.1006/geno.1998.5349 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 115PN UT WOS:000075674000017 PM 9721217 ER PT J AU Centra, M Memeo, E d'Apolito, M Savino, M Ianzano, L Notarangelo, A Liu, JM Doggett, NA Zelante, L Savoia, A AF Centra, M Memeo, E d'Apolito, M Savino, M Ianzano, L Notarangelo, A Liu, JM Doggett, NA Zelante, L Savoia, A TI Fine exon-intron structure of the Fanconi anemia group A (FAA) gene and characterization of two genomic deletions SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE AB Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically heterogeneous disease with at least eight genes on the basis of complementation groups (FAA to FAB). The analysis of the FAA gene in patients suggested the existence of deletions, none of which have thus far been characterized at the genomic level. A detailed restriction map of the PAA gene with the fine localization of its 43 exons is reported in this paper. We also describe the first two genomic deletions, one of 5.0 kb and another of at least 120 kb. The former was likely the result of a recombination between related Alu sequences. Since these interspersed repeats could generate deletions and insertions by mispairing, rearrangements of this gene are a possibility in those FA families in which FAA mutations have not been identified. (C) 1998 Academic Press C1 Osped CSS, IRCCS, Serv Genet Med, I-71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Savoia, A (reprint author), Osped CSS, IRCCS, Serv Genet Med, I-71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. EM genetcss@fg.nettuno.it RI d'Apolito, Maria/G-5793-2012; Savoia, Anna/B-6463-2014 OI Savoia, Anna/0000-0002-2407-2696 FU Telethon [E.0688] NR 16 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 51 IS 3 BP 463 EP 467 DI 10.1006/geno.1998.5353 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 115PN UT WOS:000075674000019 PM 9721219 ER PT J AU Lundstrom, CC Shaw, HF Ryerson, FJ Williams, Q Gill, J AF Lundstrom, CC Shaw, HF Ryerson, FJ Williams, Q Gill, J TI Crystal chemical control of clinopyroxene-melt partitioning in the Di-Ab-An system: Implications for elemental fractionations in the depleted mantle SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID HIGH-FIELD-STRENGTH; URANIUM SERIES DISEQUILIBRIA; RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS; TRACE-ELEMENT; HIGH-PRESSURE; DISTRIBUTION COEFFICIENTS; BASALTIC LIQUID; SILICATE MELTS; ION MICROPROBE; OCEAN RIDGES AB The partitioning of fifteen trace elements (Rb, Sr, Zr, Nh, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Yb, Hf, Ta, Pb, and Th) between clinopyroxene and synthetic melt has been studied in two compositions along an isotherm in the diopside-albite-anorthite ternary at 1 bar pressure. The two compositions correspond to similar to Di(65)An(35) and similar to Di(55)Ab(45) and produce clinopyroxenes distinct in chemistry while melt compositions range from 49 wt% SiO2 to 61 wt% SiO2. The partition coefficients of high field strength elements (HFSE) increase by factors of 2-8 in Di-An experiments relative to Di-Ab experiments while other elements show very little change (+/-20%) between compositions. The change in HFSE partitioning correlates with increases in tetrahedral Al2O3 (Al-IV) content of clinopyroxenes in the anorthite-bearing experiments. Changes in D-Ta/D-Nb also correlate with Al-IV based on a survey of previously published determinations. Tests of models of trace element substitution energetics produce values for Young's modulus (E) and optimum D (D-o) consistent with previous results for clinopyroxene for mono-, di-, and trivalent cations. The wide variations in partitioning behavior for tetra- and pentavalent cations are also consistent with these models because the high values for E make partition coefficients and relative HFSE partitioning sensitive to small changes in composition. The overall increase in HFSE partitioning and D-o for the DiAn composition is consistent with D-o increasing as a function of Al-IV, consistent with the role of Al-IV in charge balancing HFSE. However,Al-IV must also cause lattice changes that affect the ability of the clinopyroxene to discriminate between Nb and Ta. There are two important implications to the observed dependence of HFSE partition coefficients on clinopyroxene aluminum content. First, HFSE will be fractionated from their adjacent REE within ultramafic samples during melting of spinel Iherzolite as clinopyroxene Al2O3 content decreases. Second, fractionations between Nb and Ta and Zr and Hf observed in mantle-derived magmas are consistent with extraction of melt in equilibrium with spinel Iherzolite having clinopyroxenes with similar to 5 wt% Al2O3. The fractionations among HFSE (Nb/Ta, HE/Zr) and between HFSE and REE observed in both are magmas and upper mantle peridotites may simply reflect prior depletion by major melting events (F > 10%) which left clinopyroxene as a residual phase. We speculate that the peridotitic sources for MORE and are lavas are similar in composition with both having significant HFSE anomalies. However, MORE do not typically record HFSE anomalies because of the complementary contribution of HFSE from enriched mafic veins interspersed within the peridotite. Copyright (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Earth Sci Board, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lundstrom, CC (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RI Shaw, Henry/B-6445-2012 OI Shaw, Henry/0000-0003-0681-5430 NR 55 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 2 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 1998 VL 62 IS 16 BP 2849 EP 2862 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00197-5 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 139TP UT WOS:000077046000010 ER PT J AU Van der Woerd, J Ryerson, FJ Tapponnier, P Gaudemer, Y Finkel, R Meriaux, AS Caffee, M Zhao, GG He, QL AF Van der Woerd, J Ryerson, FJ Tapponnier, P Gaudemer, Y Finkel, R Meriaux, AS Caffee, M Zhao, GG He, QL TI Holocene left-slip rate determined by cosmogenic surface dating on the Xidatan segment of the Kunlun fault (Qinghai, China) SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ROYAL-SOCIETY; ACTIVE FAULTS; TIBET; GEOTRAVERSE AB Cosmogenic dating, using in situ (26)Al and (10)Be in quartz pebbles from alluvial terrace surfaces, constrains the late Holocene slip rate on the Xidatan segment of the Kunlun fault in northeastern Tibet. Two terrace risers offset by 24 +/- 3 and 33 +/- 4 m, having respective ages of 1788 +/- 388 and 2914 +/- 471 yr, imply a slip rate of 12.1 +/- 2.6 mm/yr. The full range of ages obtained (less than or equal to 22.8 k.y., most of them between 6.7 and 1.4 k.y) confinn that terrace deposition and incision, hence landform evolution, are modulated by post-glacial climate change. Coupled with minimum offsets of 9-12 m, this slip rate implies that great earthquakes (M similar to 8) with a recurrence time of 800-1000 yr, rupture the Kunlun fault near 94 degrees E. C1 Inst Phys Globe, Lab Tecton Mecan Lithosphere, URA 1093, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. State Seismol Bur, Inst Crustal Dynam, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China. RP Van der Woerd, J (reprint author), Inst Phys Globe, Lab Tecton Mecan Lithosphere, URA 1093, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris 05, France. RI Meriaux, Anne-Sophie/G-1754-2010; Tapponnier, .Paul/B-7033-2011; Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015; Gaudemer, Yves/K-3921-2012 OI Tapponnier, .Paul/0000-0002-7135-1962; Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967; NR 15 TC 159 Z9 163 U1 0 U2 10 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0016-8505 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 8 BP 695 EP 698 DI 10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<0695:HLSRDB>2.3.CO;2 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA 109JE UT WOS:000075317700006 ER PT J AU Mak, JE Southon, JR AF Mak, JE Southon, JR TI Assessment of tropical OH seasonality using atmospheric (CO)-C-14 measurements from Barbados SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; TROPOSPHERIC OH; ABUNDANCE; CH3CCL3 AB (CO)-C-14 can be used to assess the mean OH concentration if the atmospheric inventory is determined. However, atmospheric transport must be well represented. The dependence on transport has previously been predicted in model studies to be much smaller in the tropics than in the middle latitudes. To test this, we made weekly measurements of (CO)-C-14 from a tropical station in the Atlantic (Barbados, West Indies, 13 degrees 10'N, 53 degrees 26'W) from July 1996 to July 1997. These data are compared with the (CO)-C-14 seasonal cycle predicted from a zero dimensional chemistry model. Results show that the observed seasonal cycle correlates well with predicted (CO)-C-14 from the chemistry model during the summer and fall, however significant deviation from the chemistry model becomes apparent in the wintertime, which is probably largely a result of (CO)-C-14 being transported to the tropics from the middle latitudes, and is in contrast to earlier modeling studies. Transport has a stronger effect in the winter months because the latitudinal gradient in (CO)-C-14 is large and the lifetime is long, since OH concentrations are at their seasonal low. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Marine Sci Res Ctr, Inst Terr & Planetary Atmospheres, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Mak, JE (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Marine Sci Res Ctr, Inst Terr & Planetary Atmospheres, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 23 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 15 BP 2801 EP 2804 DI 10.1029/98GL02180 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 108WZ UT WOS:000075289900011 ER PT J AU Reid, JB Reynolds, JL Connolly, NT Getz, SL Polissar, PJ Winship, LJ Hainsworth, LJ AF Reid, JB Reynolds, JL Connolly, NT Getz, SL Polissar, PJ Winship, LJ Hainsworth, LJ TI Carbon isotopes in aquatic plants, Long Valley caldera, California as records of past hydrothermal and magmatic activity SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAMMOTH MOUNTAIN; SYSTEM; USA; RADIOCARBON; UNREST; HELIUM; WATERS; RIVER AB Hot and cold springs contribute "dead" (C-14 free) dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) to the Owens River and Hot Creek. Headwaters aquatic plants have modem C-14, but live plants downstream of the intracaldera springs are depleted in C-14, (,, low as 19% modem, with apparent ages up to 13.3 kyrs). In an abandoned meander of the upper Owens River, preserved streambed plants are buried by 600 year old Inyo Craters pumice. Apparent C-14 ages of these plants exceed true ages by similar to 1100 years indicating that they also incorporated dead DIC as they grew. The preserved plants are downstream of Big Springs, whose elevated dead DIC may represent magmatic `CO2. The buried plants incorporated similar to 10% dead carbon, although modern plants here have similar to 50% dead carbon, suggesting that more magmatic CO, is now entering the upper Owens River than at the time of the Inyo Craters eruptions 600 years ago. C1 Hampshire Coll, Sch Nat Sci, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Reid, JB (reprint author), Hampshire Coll, Sch Nat Sci, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. RI Polissar, Pratigya/L-8131-2013; OI Polissar, Pratigya/0000-0001-5483-1625 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 15 BP 2853 EP 2856 DI 10.1029/98GL01854 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 108WZ UT WOS:000075289900024 ER PT J AU Jordanova, VK Farrugia, CJ Quinn, JM Thorne, RM Ogilvie, KW Lepping, RP Lu, G Lazarus, AJ Thomsen, MF Belian, RD AF Jordanova, VK Farrugia, CJ Quinn, JM Thorne, RM Ogilvie, KW Lepping, RP Lu, G Lazarus, AJ Thomsen, MF Belian, RD TI Effect of wave-particle interactions on ring current evolution for January 10-11, 1997: Initial results SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION-CYCLOTRON WAVES; MAGNETOSPHERE; ELECTRON AB We simulate the ring current evolution during the magnetic storm caused by Earth passage of the January 1997 magnetic cloud. Compared to previous studies, we include for the first time energy diffusion caused by wave-particle interactions. The modeled Dst index agrees reasonably well with the measured one, corrected for magnetopause currents and currents induced in the solid Earth. We compare H+ distributions calculated from our model with those measured by the HYDRA instrument on the POLAR spacecraft and find that: a) the agreement between theory and data at large L shells (L>5.5) is very good; b) although the agreement at low L shells is improved when scattering by EMIC waves is included, the result is not entirely satisfactory, suggesting that either transport in a more realistic magnetospheric electric field or additional loss processes should be considered. C1 Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Jordanova, VK (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RI Lu, Gang/A-6669-2011; OI Jordanova, Vania/0000-0003-0475-8743 NR 18 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 15 BP 2971 EP 2974 DI 10.1029/98GL00649 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 108WZ UT WOS:000075289900054 ER PT J AU Baker, DN Pulkkinen, TI Li, X Kanekal, SG Ogilvie, KW Lepping, RP Blake, JB Callis, LB Rostoker, G Singer, HJ Reeves, GD AF Baker, DN Pulkkinen, TI Li, X Kanekal, SG Ogilvie, KW Lepping, RP Blake, JB Callis, LB Rostoker, G Singer, HJ Reeves, GD TI A strong CME-related magnetic cloud interaction with the Earth's magnetosphere: ISTP observations of rapid relativistic electron acceleration on May 15, 1997 SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RADIATION BELT; ENERGIZATION; INSTRUMENT AB A geoeffective magnetic cloud impacted the Earth early on 15 May 1997. The cloud exhibited strong initial southward interplanetary magnetic field (B(z)similar to-25 nT), which caused intense substorm activity and an intense geomagnetic storm (Dst similar to-170 nT). SAMPEX data showed that relativistic electrons (E greater than or equal to 1.0 MeV) appeared suddenly deep in the magnetosphere at L=3 to 4. These electrons were not directly "injected" from higher altitudes (i.e., from the magnetorail), nor did they come from an interplanetary source. The electron increase was preceded (for similar to 2 hrs) by remarkably strong low-frequency wave activity as seen by CANOPUS ground stations and by the GOES-8 spacecraft at geostationary orbit. POLAR/CEPPAD measurements support the result that high-energy electrons suddenly appeared deep in the magnetosphere. Thus, these new multi-point data suggest that strong magnetospheric waves can quickly and efficiently accelerate electrons to multi-MeV energies deep in the radiation belts on timescales of tens of minutes. C1 Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Aerospace Corp, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA. Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. NOAA, Space Environm Ctr, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Baker, DN (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, 1234 Innovat Dr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RI Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011; Pulkkinen, Tuija/D-8403-2012 OI Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098; Pulkkinen, Tuija/0000-0002-6317-381X NR 17 TC 95 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 15 BP 2975 EP 2978 DI 10.1029/98GL01134 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 108WZ UT WOS:000075289900055 ER PT J AU Sugama, T AF Sugama, T TI Interfaces between geothermal brine-induced scales and SiC-filled polymer linings SO GEOTHERMICS LA English DT Article DE geothermal; corrosion; heat exchanger; silicon carbide; polymeric materials ID SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACES AB Silicon carbide (SiC) grit-filled polymeric materials with high thermal conductivity can be used to line carbon-steel heat-exchanger tubes in geothermal power plants at moderate temperatures and to improve resistance to corrosion. The susceptibility of ester groups within the polymers to a reaction with Ba, which is among the chemical ingredients of some geothermal brines, is a critical issue for this lining material because of the formation of Ba-complexed carboxylate hydrolysates. Such hydrolysates promote the deposition of brine-induced scales. (C) 1998 CNR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Efficiency & Conservat Div, Div Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sugama, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Efficiency & Conservat Div, Div Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0375-6505 J9 GEOTHERMICS JI Geothermics PD AUG PY 1998 VL 27 IS 4 BP 387 EP 400 DI 10.1016/S0375-6505(98)00019-4 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Geology GA 130CB UT WOS:000076500700001 ER PT J AU Moridis, GJ Pruess, K AF Moridis, GJ Pruess, K TI T2SOLV: An enhanced package of solvers for the TOUGH2 family of reservoir simulation codes SO GEOTHERMICS LA English DT Article DE matrix solvers; LU decomposition; matrix pre-processors; matrix ordering; reservoir; simulation; modelling ID NONSYMMETRIC LINEAR-SYSTEMS AB T2SOLV is an enhanced package of matrix solvers for the TOUGH2 family of codes. T2SOLV includes all the Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient (PCG) solvers used in T2CG1, the current solver package, as well as LUBAND, a new direct solver and DLUSTB, a PCG solver based which implements the BiCGSTAB(m) method. LUBAND, the new direct solver, is faster, more reliable and capable of solving problems orders of magnitude larger than the MA28 routine which it replaces. A significant capability of T2VOC is two types of matrix preprocessing, which make possible the solution of a class of challenging numerical problems (previously tractable only with direct solvers) using the PCG routines. For regular grids, the size of problems tractable with direct solvers is doubled by implementing a D4 alternative diagonal gridblock ordering option. (C) 1998 CNR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 24 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0375-6505 EI 1879-3576 J9 GEOTHERMICS JI Geothermics PD AUG PY 1998 VL 27 IS 4 BP 415 EP 444 DI 10.1016/S0375-6505(98)00021-2 PG 30 WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Geology GA 130CB UT WOS:000076500700003 ER PT J AU Rood, AS White, GJ Kendrick, DT AF Rood, AS White, GJ Kendrick, DT TI Measurement of Rn-222 flux, Rn-222 emanation, and Ra-226,Ra-228 concentration from injection well pipe scale SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE naturally occurring radionuclides; diffusion; risk analysis; radium AB Rn-222 flux (Bq s(-1)) was measured from the ends of twenty sections of produced water injection tubing (pipe) containing barite scale contaminated with naturally occurring radioactive material. Exposure measurements near the pipes were as high as 77.4 nC kg(-1)h(-1) (300 mu R h(-1)). Flux measurements were accomplished by first purging the pipes with dry nitrogen and then collecting the outflow (nitrogen and radon) on charcoal columns affixed to the end of the pipe for 66 hours. As determined in this manner, Rn-222 flux from the ends of the pipe ranged from 0.017 to 0.10 Bq s(-1) (0.46 to 2.7 pCi s(-1)). Following the radon Bw measurements, pipe scale was removed and a representative sample was taken for Ra-226 and Ra-228 concentration measurements and determination of Rn-222 emanation fractions (the fraction of the total radon contained in a material that is released from the material and free to migrate). The samples were also analyzed for gross mineral content. Emanation fraction measurements for Rn-222 ranged from 0.020 to 0.063, while Ra-226 concentrations ranged from 15.7 to 102 Bq g(-1) (424 to 2,760 pCi g(-1)). Barite was the predominate mineral in 17 of the 20 scale samples collected. Much of the previous work dealing with radon emanation fraction measurements has involved uranium mill tailings. Compared to mill tailings and natural soils which have emanation fractions that typically range from 0.1 to 0.3, the emanation fractions measured for these NORM scales are substantially lower. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Sci & Engn Associates Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 75 IS 2 BP 187 EP 192 DI 10.1097/00004032-199808000-00011 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 102YB UT WOS:000074952900011 PM 9685074 ER PT J AU Cossairt, JD Grossman, NL Marshall, ET AF Cossairt, JD Grossman, NL Marshall, ET TI Some remarks on the assessment of dose equivalent due to neutrinos - Response to Collar SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Letter C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 75 IS 2 BP 212 EP 212 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 102YB UT WOS:000074952900020 ER PT J AU Timchalk, C Selim, S Sangha, G Bartels, MJ AF Timchalk, C Selim, S Sangha, G Bartels, MJ TI The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of C-14/C-13-labeled ortho-phenylphenol formation following dermal application to human volunteers SO HUMAN & EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pharmacokinetics; ortho-phenylphenol; humans ID ABSORPTION; RATS AB 1. The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of uniformly labeled C-14/C-13-ortho-phenylphenol (OPP) were followed in six human male volunteers given a single 8 h dermal dose of 6 mu g OPP/kg body weight formulated as a 0.4% (w/v) solution in isopropyl alcohol. The application site was covered with a non-occlusive dome allowing free movement of air, but preventing the loss of radioactivity due to physical contact. At 8 h post-exposure the non-occlusive dome was removed, the dose site was wiped with isopropyl alcohol containing swabs and the skin surface repeatedly stripped with tape. Blood specimens, urine, and feces were collected from each volunteer over a 5 day postexposure period and were analyzed for radioactivity and metabolites (urine only). 2. Following dermal application, peak plasma levels of radioactivity were obtained within 4 h post-exposure and rapidly declined with virtually all of the absorbed dose rapidly excreted into the urine within 24 h postexposure. A one-compartment pharmacokinetic model was used to describe the time-course of OPP absorption and clearance in male human volunteers. Approximately 43% of the dermally applied dose was absorbed through the skin with an average absorption half-life of 10 h. Once absorbed the renal clearance of OPP was rapid with an average half-life of 0.8 h. The rate limiting step for renal clearance was the relatively slower rate of dermal absorption; therefore the pharmacokinetics of OPP in humans was described by a 'flip-flop' single compartment model. Overall, the pharmacokinetics were similar between individuals, and the model parameters were in excellent agreement with the experimental data. 3. Approximately 73% of the total urinary radioactivity was accounted for as free OPP, OPP-sulfate and OPP-glucuronide conjugates. The sulfate conjugate was the major metabolite (similar to 69%). Therefore, total urinary OPP equivalents (acid-labile conjugates+free OPP) can be used to estimate the systemically absorbed dose of OPP. 4. The rapid excretion of OPP and metabolites into the urine following dermal exposure indicates that OPP is unlikely to accumulate in humans upon repeated exposure. Based on these data, blood and/or urinary OPP concentration (acid-labile conjugates) could be utilized to quantify the amount of OPP absorbed by humans under actual use conditions. C1 Dow Chem Co, Hlth & Environm Sci Res Lab, Midland, MI 48674 USA. Biol Testing Ctr, Irvine, CA 92713 USA. Bayer Corp, Toxicol Res Lab, Stillwell, KS 66085 USA. RP Timchalk, C (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Div, Mol Biosci Dept, POB 999,MS P7-59, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0144-5952 J9 HUM EXP TOXICOL JI Hum. Exp. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 17 IS 8 BP 411 EP 417 DI 10.1191/096032798678909115 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 116DQ UT WOS:000075708700001 PM 9756132 ER PT J AU Bogen, KT Layton, DW AF Bogen, KT Layton, DW TI Risk management for plausibly hermetic environmental carcinogens: The case of radon SO HUMAN & EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alpha; dose-response model; epidemiology; hormesis; linear-no-threshold; radiation; risk management ID INDUCED LUNG-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; INDOOR RADON; MITIGATION AB Risk management typically involves efforts to reduce human exposures by establishing regulations that limit the concentration of the substance in environmental media. In cases where a substance is widely used in commerce or is naturally occurring in the environment, compliance costs can be substantial because of nationwide requirements to add expensive control technologies. Uncertainties in a dose-response function further impact risk management decisions because they may correspond to large differences in health benefit per unit exposure reduction. These problems are highlighted in the case of plausibly hermetic environmental carcinogens, for which a linear-no-threshold (LNT) dose-response model has been the traditional regulatory default assumption. In this case, model uncertainty is pivotal, and risk management is consequently inherently controversial. However, marginal cost functions that arise for plausibly hermetic carcinogens are expected to possess a common analytic feature that may be particularly useful for this type of risk management problem. Specifically, marginal cost functions in this context are expected to have roots reflecting contaminant concentration values above which regulatory goals may be optimally placed subject to cost constraints. Here we illustrate this heuristic feature in the case of residential radon, using both a LNT model and a biologically plausible hermetic model to predict associated risks of lung cancer mortality. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Hlth & Ecol Assessment Div L396, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bogen, KT (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Hlth & Ecol Assessment Div L396, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0144-5952 J9 HUM EXP TOXICOL JI Hum. Exp. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 17 IS 8 BP 463 EP 467 DI 10.1191/096032798678909106 PG 5 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 116DQ UT WOS:000075708700011 PM 9756142 ER PT J AU Chyba, CF Ostro, SJ Edwards, BC AF Chyba, CF Ostro, SJ Edwards, BC TI Radar detectability of a subsurface ocean on Europa SO ICARUS LA English DT Article ID RONNE ICE SHELF; GALILEAN SATELLITES; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; JUPITER; ANTARCTICA; GANYMEDE; CALLISTO; TEMPERATURE; MICROWAVE; EVOLUTION AB A spacecraft in orbit around Jupiter's moon Europa can use ice penetrating radar to probe for a possible liquid water ocean beneath Europe's surface ice and to characterize other important subsurface structure. Consideration of available constraints on the properties of Europa's ice, possible subsurface temperature gradients, and possible impurities in the ice places an upper limit of about 10 km on the depth to which an ocean might be detectable with an orbiting radar. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Chyba, CF (reprint author), SETI Inst, 2035 Landings Dr, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. EM chyba@lpl.arizona.edu NR 74 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD AUG PY 1998 VL 134 IS 2 BP 292 EP 302 DI 10.1006/icar.1998.5961 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 117AP UT WOS:000075757800010 ER PT J AU Paxson, V Mahdavi, J Adams, A Mathis, M AF Paxson, V Mahdavi, J Adams, A Mathis, M TI An architecture for large-scale internet measurement SO IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB Historically, the Internet has been woefully under-measured and under-instrumented. The problem is only getting worse with the network's ever-increasing size. We discuss the goals and requirements for building a "measurement infrastructure" for the Internet, in which a collection of measurement "platforms" cooperatively measure the properties of Internet paths and clouds by exchanging test traffic among themselves. The key emphasis of the architecture, which forms the underpinnings of the National Internet Measurement infrastructure (NIMI) project, is on tackling problems related to scale. Consequently, the architecture emphasizes decentralized control of measurements; strong authentication and security; mechanisms for both maintaining tight administrative control over who can perform what measurements using which platforms, and delegation of some forms of measurement as a site's measurement policy permits; and simple configuration and maintenance of platforms. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Paxson, V (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 13 TC 90 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0163-6804 J9 IEEE COMMUN MAG JI IEEE Commun. Mag. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 36 IS 8 BP 48 EP 54 DI 10.1109/35.707817 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 108VD UT WOS:000075285600005 ER PT J AU Crowder, MA Carey, PG Smith, PM Sposili, RS Cho, HS Im, JS AF Crowder, MA Carey, PG Smith, PM Sposili, RS Cho, HS Im, JS TI Low-temperature single-crystal Si TFT's fabricated on Si films processed via sequential lateral solidification SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE excimer laser crystallization; sequential lateral solidification; super-lateral growth; thin-film transistors ID LASER-INDUCED CRYSTALLIZATION; SILICON FILMS; MOSFETS AB Nonhydrogenated, n-channel, lo vv-temperature-processed, single-crystal Si thin-film transistors (TFT's) have been fabricated on Si thin films prepared via sequential lateral solidification (SLS), The device characteristics of the resulting SLS TFT's exhibit properties and a le, el of performance that are superior to poly crystalline Si-based TFT's and are comparable to similar devices fabricated on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates or bulk-Si wafers. We attribute these high-performance device characteristics to the absence of high-angle grain-boundaries within the active channel portion of the TFT's. C1 Columbia Univ, Mat Sci Program, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Crowder, MA (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mat Sci Program, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 14 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0741-3106 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 19 IS 8 BP 306 EP 308 DI 10.1109/55.704408 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 102NR UT WOS:000074931000012 ER PT J AU Peterfreund, N Baram, Y AF Peterfreund, N Baram, Y TI Convergence analysis of nonlinear dynamical systems by nested Lyapunov functions SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL LA English DT Article DE domain of attraction; equilibrium points; nested Lyapunov functions; time of convergence ID ATTRACTION AB A method for estimating the domain of attraction of an asymptotically stable equilibrium point of a nonlinear dynamical system and for deriving an upper bound on the time of convergence in the estimated domain is presented. It is based on a set of Lyapunov functions defined on nested regions in the state space. The estimated domain, obtained as the union of a subset of these regions, is based on a local Lyapunov-like condition for the convergence of the solution in each region to its inner boundary. A bound on the time of convergence within the estimated domain is given by the sum of the local bounds. This concept is implemented using a class of regions whose boundaries are described by Fourier series. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Syst Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Comp Sci, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Peterfreund, N (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Syst Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9286 J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control PD AUG PY 1998 VL 43 IS 8 BP 1179 EP 1184 DI 10.1109/9.704997 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 109TC UT WOS:000075338400023 ER PT J AU Hardin, DP Roach, DW AF Hardin, DP Roach, DW TI Multiwavelet prefilters - I: Orthogonal prefilters preserving approximation order p <= 2 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-ANALOG AND DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE approximation order; multiwavelets; orthogonality; pre-filter; quasi-interpolation; wavelets AB In applications using multiwavelets, there is a necessary step of associating a given discrete signal with a function in the scaling function space V-0. This association is equivalent to including a prefilter and a post-filter for the filter bank determined by the underlying multiwavelets. We give a construction for orthogonal (paraunitary) finite-impulse esponse (FIR) prefilters that preserve the approximation order of a given arbitrary scaling vector Phi with approximation order p less than or equal to 2, We give several such prefilters for the DGHM multiwavelet. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Math, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Appl & Numer Math, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hardin, DP (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Math, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. RI Hardin, Douglas/C-3386-2013 OI Hardin, Douglas/0000-0003-0867-2146 NR 8 TC 62 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1057-7130 J9 IEEE T CIRCUITS-II JI IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II-Analog Digit. Signal Process. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 45 IS 8 BP 1106 EP 1112 DI 10.1109/82.718820 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 118BE UT WOS:000075817000018 ER PT J AU Kim, WH Hu, YH Nguyen, TQ AF Kim, WH Hu, YH Nguyen, TQ TI Wavelet-based image coder with entropy-constrained lattice vector quantizer (ECLVQ) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS LA English DT Article DE entropy coding; image coding; lattice vector quantization; wavelet ID COMPRESSION; UNIFORM AB This paper presents an algorithm that jointly optimizes a lattice vector quantizer (LVQ) and an entropy coder in a subband coding at all ranges of bit rate. Estimation formulas for both entropy and distortion of lattice quantized subband images are derived. From these estimates, we then develop dynamic algorithm optimizing the LVQ and entropy coder together for a given entropy rate. Compared to previously reported min-max approaches, or approaches using asymptotic distortion bounds, the approach reported here quickly designs a highly accurate optimal entropy-constrained LVQ, The corresponding wavelet-based image coder also has better coding performance compared to other subband coders that use entropy-constrained LVQ, especially at low bit rates. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1549-7747 EI 1558-3791 J9 IEEE T CIRCUITS-II JI IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II-Express Briefs PD AUG PY 1998 VL 45 IS 8 BP 1015 EP 1030 DI 10.1109/82.718810 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 118BE UT WOS:000075817000008 ER PT J AU Calvet, D Hubbard, R Huet, M Le Du, P Mandjavidze, I Thooris, B Blair, R Dawson, J Schlereth, J Abolins, M Owen, D Ermoline, Y AF Calvet, D Hubbard, R Huet, M Le Du, P Mandjavidze, I Thooris, B Blair, R Dawson, J Schlereth, J Abolins, M Owen, D Ermoline, Y TI Operation and performance of an ATM based demonstrator for the sequential option of the ATLAS trigger SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th IEEE Conference on Real Time CY SEP 22-26, 1997 CL BEAUNE, FRANCE SP IEEE AB This paper describes an implementation on a small scale demonstrator of the sequential option for the ATLAS trigger. This demonstrator is built around an ATM switch connecting source modules, destination processors, a supervisor and a monitor. The source modules emulate a group of detector readout buffers. We describe the hardware and software architecture of the system. We investigate the performance of the demonstrator in various configurations and with different sets of input parameters. Finally, we discuss the scaling of the results to the design of a large trigger system for ATLAS. C1 CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Calvet, D (reprint author), CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 45 IS 4 BP 1793 EP 1797 DI 10.1109/23.710938 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 110VH UT WOS:000075401500008 ER PT J AU Botlo, M LeVine, MJ Scheetz, RA Schulz, MW Short, P Woods, J Crosetto, D AF Botlo, M LeVine, MJ Scheetz, RA Schulz, MW Short, P Woods, J Crosetto, D TI The STAR cluster-finder ASIC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th IEEE Conference on Real Time CY SEP 22-26, 1997 CL BEAUNE, FRANCE SP IEEE AB The STAR experiment [1] reads out a TPC (Time Projection Chamber) and an SVT (Silicon Vertex Tracker), both of which require on-line pedestal subtraction, compression of ADC values from 10-bit to 8-bit, and location of time sequences representing responses to charged-particle tracks. The STAR cluster finder ASIC responds to all of;these needs. Pedestal subtraction and compression are performed using lookup tables in attached RAM. We describe the design and implementation of the ASIC, as well as testing methodology and results of tests performed on foundry methodology prototypes. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. InnovASIC Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87107 USA. Rice Univ, Bonner Nucl Lab, Houston, TX 77251 USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 45 IS 4 BP 1809 EP 1813 DI 10.1109/23.710941 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 110VH UT WOS:000075401500011 ER PT J AU Bailly, P Beigbeder, C Bernier, R Breton, D Bonneaud, G Caceres, T Chase, R Chauveau, J Del Buono, L Dohou, F Ducorps, A Gastaldi, F Genat, JF Hrisoho, A Imbert, P Lebbolo, H Matricon, P Oxoby, G Renard, C Roos, L Sen, S Thiebaux, C Truong, K Tocut, V Vasileiadis, G Va'Vra, J Verderi, M Warner, D Wilson, RJ Wormser, G Zhang, B Zomer, F AF Bailly, P Beigbeder, C Bernier, R Breton, D Bonneaud, G Caceres, T Chase, R Chauveau, J Del Buono, L Dohou, F Ducorps, A Gastaldi, F Genat, JF Hrisoho, A Imbert, P Lebbolo, H Matricon, P Oxoby, G Renard, C Roos, L Sen, S Thiebaux, C Truong, K Tocut, V Vasileiadis, G Va'Vra, J Verderi, M Warner, D Wilson, RJ Wormser, G Zhang, B Zomer, F TI BaBar DIRC electronics Front-End chain. SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th IEEE Conference on Real Time CY SEP 22-26, 1997 CL BEAUNE, FRANCE SP IEEE AB The Front-End electronics of the Detector of Internally Reflected Cerenkov light (DIRC) for the BaBar experiment is presented. Its aim is to measure to better than Ins the arrival time of Cerenkov photoelectrons, detected in a 11,000 phototubes array and their amplitude spectra. It mainly comprises 64-channel DIRC: Front-End Boards (DFB) equipped with eight full-custom Analog Chips performing zero-cross discrimination with 2 mV threshold and pulse shaping, four full-custom Digital TDC chips for timing measurements with 500 ps binning and a readout. logic selecting hits in the trigger window, and DIRC Crate Controller cards (DCC) serializing the data collected from up to 16 DFBs onto a 1.2 Gb/s optical link. Extensive test results of the pre-production chips will be presented, as well as system tests. C1 Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris Sud, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Bailly, P (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 45 IS 4 BP 1898 EP 1906 DI 10.1109/23.710959 PN 1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 110VH UT WOS:000075401500029 ER PT J AU Ljubicic, A Botlo, M Heistermann, F Jacobson, S LeVine, MJ Nelson, JM Nguyen, M Roehrig, H Roerich, D Schaefer, E Schambach, JJ Scheetz, R Schmischke, D Schulz, M Sulimma, K AF Ljubicic, A Botlo, M Heistermann, F Jacobson, S LeVine, MJ Nelson, JM Nguyen, M Roehrig, H Roerich, D Schaefer, E Schambach, JJ Scheetz, R Schmischke, D Schulz, M Sulimma, K TI Design and implementation of the STAR experiment's DAQ SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th IEEE Conference on Real Time CY SEP 22-26, 1997 CL BEAUNE, FRANCE SP IEEE AB The STAR experiment is one of the two large detectors currently being built at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, U.S.A. The major issue of STAR's DAQ is the large amount of data that has to be processed as fast as possible. The required data rate is of the order of 90 Gbits/s which has to be processed and scaled down to about 15 MBytes/s and stored to tape or other permanent archiving media. To be able to do so the STAR DAQ uses a custom built ASIC which preprocesses the raw data for later use by a software Level 3 trigger. The Level 3 trigger selects events to be archived depending on physics criteria based upon the particle track information extracted during Level 3 processing. The design presented is a massively parallel multiprocessor system which consists of front end microprocessors hierarchically organized within a VME crate system. Each VME crate contains 6 custom made Receiver Boards with 3 Intel I960HD processors per board for a total of 18 processors per crate. The STAR's TPC detector uses 24 such crates and the SVT detector will use 4 crates for a total of 504 microprocessors. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Max Planck Inst Phys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. RP Ljubicic, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 45 IS 4 BP 1907 EP 1912 DI 10.1109/23.710960 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 110VH UT WOS:000075401500030 ER PT J AU Berman, EF AF Berman, EF TI Software inspections at Fermilab - Use and experience SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th IEEE Conference on Real Time CY SEP 22-26, 1997 CL BEAUNE, FRANCE SP IEEE AB Because of the critical nature of DA/Online software ii is important to commission software which is correct, usable, reliable and maintainable, i.e. has the highest quality possible. In order to help meet these goals Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) has begun implementing a formal software inspection process. Formal Inspections are used to reduce the number of defects in software at as early a stage as possible. These Inspections, in use at a wide variety of institutions (e.g. NASA, Motorola), implement a well-defined procedure that can be used to improve the quality of many different types of deliverables. The inspection process, initially designed by Michael Fagan[1], will be described as it was developed and as it is currently implemented at Fermilab where it has been used to improve the quality of a variety of different experiment DA/Online software. Benefits of applying Inspections at many points in the software life-cycle and benefits to the people involved will be investigated. Experience with many different types of Inspections and the lessons learned about the inspection process itself will be detailed. Finally, the future of Inspections at Fermilab will be given. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Berman, EF (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 45 IS 4 BP 1937 EP 1941 DI 10.1109/23.710967 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 110VH UT WOS:000075401500037 ER PT J AU Patt, BE Iwanczyk, JS Tull, CR Wang, NW Tornai, MP Hoffman, EJ AF Patt, BE Iwanczyk, JS Tull, CR Wang, NW Tornai, MP Hoffman, EJ TI High resolution CsI(Tl)/Si-PIN detector development for breast imaging SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Medical Imaging Conference CY NOV 13-15, 1997 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM ID TC-99M SESTAMIBI; PRONE SCINTIMAMMOGRAPHY; CARCINOMA; CANCER; MIBI; DIAGNOSIS; ARRAYS AB High resolution multi-element (8x8) imaging arrays with collimators, size matched to discrete CsI(TI) scintillator arrays and Si-PIN photodetector arrays (PDA's) were developed as prototypes for larger arrays far breast imaging. Photodetector pixels were each 1.5 x 1.5 mm(2) with 0.25 mm gaps. A 16-element quadrant of the detector was evaluated with a segmented CsI(TI) scintillator array (1.5x1.5x6 mm(3) segments with 0.25 mm septa) coupled to the silicon array. The scintillator thickness of 6 mm corresponds to > 85% total gamma efficiency at 140 keV. Pixel energy resolution of < 8% FWHM was obtained for Tc-99m (140 keV). Electronic noise was 41 e(-) RMS corresponding to a 3% FWHM contribution to the 140 keV photopeak Detection efficiency uniformity (+/- sigma%) measured with a Tc-99m flood source was 4.3% for a similar to 10% energy photopeak window. Spatial resolution was 1.53 mm FWHM and pitch was 1.75 mm as measured from the Co-57 (122 keV) line spread function. Signal to background was 34 and contrast ([max-min]/[max+min]) was 0.94. The energy resolution and spatial characteristics of the new imaging detector exceed those of other scintillator based imaging detectors. A camera based on this technology will allow: 1) Improved Compton scatter rejection; 2) Detector positioning in close proximity to the breast to increase signal to noise; 3) Improved spatial resolution; and 4) Improved efficiency compared to high resolution collimated gamma cameras for the anticipated compressed breast geometries. C1 Photon Imaging Inc, Northridge, CA 91324 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Div Nucl Med & Biophys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Patt, BE (reprint author), Photon Imaging Inc, 19355 Business Ctr Dr,Suite 8, Northridge, CA 91324 USA. NR 17 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 45 IS 4 BP 2126 EP 2131 DI 10.1109/23.708319 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 110VJ UT WOS:000075401600009 ER PT J AU Klein, GJ Reutter, BW Ho, MH Reed, JH Huesman, RH AF Klein, GJ Reutter, BW Ho, MH Reed, JH Huesman, RH TI Real-time system for respiratory-cardiac gating in positron tomography SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Medical Imaging Conference CY NOV 13-15, 1997 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY AB A Macintosh-based signal processing system has been developed to support simultaneous respiratory and cardiac gating on the ECAT EXACT HR PET scanner. Using the Lab-View real-time software environment, the system reads analog inputs from a pneumatic respiratory bellows and an ECG monitor to compute an appropriate histogram memory location for the PET data. Respiratory state is determined by the bellows signal amplitude; cardiac state is based on the time since the last R-wave. These two states are used in a 2D lookup table to determine a combined respiratory-cardiac state. A 4-bit address encoding the selected histogram is directed from the system to the ECAT scanner, which dynamically switches the destination of tomograph events as respiratory-cardiac state changes. To test the switching efficiency of the combined Macintosh/ECAT system, a rotating emission phantom was built, Acquisitions with 25 msec states while the phantom was rotating at 240 rpm demonstrate the system could effectively stop motion at this rate, with approximately 5 msec switching time between states. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CTI Inc, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Klein, GJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Funct Imaging, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 45 IS 4 BP 2139 EP 2143 DI 10.1109/23.708323 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 110VJ UT WOS:000075401600011 ER PT J AU Davis, J Deeney, C AF Davis, J Deeney, C TI Z-pinch plasmas SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Davis, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1066 EP 1067 DI 10.1109/TPS.1998.725134 PG 2 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 125FN UT WOS:000076226900001 ER PT J AU Sanford, TWL Spielman, RB Allshouse, GO Chandler, GA Fehl, DL Stygar, WA Struve, KW Deeney, C Nash, TJ Seamen, JF Mock, RC Gilliland, TL McGurn, JS Jobe, DO AF Sanford, TWL Spielman, RB Allshouse, GO Chandler, GA Fehl, DL Stygar, WA Struve, KW Deeney, C Nash, TJ Seamen, JF Mock, RC Gilliland, TL McGurn, JS Jobe, DO TI Wire number doubling in high-wire-number regime increases Z-accelerator X-ray power SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE plasma pinch; Z-pinch ID Z-PINCH; ARRAY AB Doubling the number of tungsten wires from 120 to 240, keeping the mass fixed, increased the radiated X-ray power relative to the electrical power at the insulator stack of the Z accelerator by (35 +/- 15)% for 8.75- and 70-mm radii Z-pinch wire arrays. One-dimensional radiation magneto hydrodynamic calculations suggest that the arrays were operating in a quasi "plasma-shell" regime, where the plasma generated by the individual wires partially merge prior to the inward implosion of the entire array. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sanford, TWL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM twsanfo@sandia.gov NR 25 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1086 EP 1093 DI 10.1109/27.725136 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 125FN UT WOS:000076226900003 ER PT J AU Apruzese, JP Thornhill, JW Whitney, KG Davis, J Deeney, C Nash, TJ Spielman, RB L'Eplattenier, P LePell, PD Failor, BH Riordan, JC Whitton, BA Yadlowsky, EJ Hazelton, RC Moschella, JJ AF Apruzese, JP Thornhill, JW Whitney, KG Davis, J Deeney, C Nash, TJ Spielman, RB L'Eplattenier, P LePell, PD Failor, BH Riordan, JC Whitton, BA Yadlowsky, EJ Hazelton, RC Moschella, JJ TI Spectroscopic diagnosis of the temperature profile of an Al : Mg Z-pinch SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE plasma measurements; plasma pinch; spectral analysis; X-ray measurements; X-ray production; X-ray spectroscopy ID ALUMINUM-WIRE-ARRAY; X-RAY-EMISSION; GAS-PUFF; HIGH-POWER; PLASMAS; IMPLOSION; RADIATION; SPECTRA; ARGON; NEON AB We consider the question of how the temperature profile of a Z-pinch plasma can be determined and/or constrained by the requirement that its observed ii-shell spectrum be replicated. As a case study we employ spatially integrated, time-resolved K-shell data obtained from the implosion of 30-wire Al:Mg alloy arrays on the Saturn driver at Sandia National Laboratories. Given the measured pinch size, its K-shell power and line intensities are compared with the predictions of a collisional-radiative-equilibrium plasma model whose temperature profile is varied in seeking agreement with the data. The Al data rules out a large range of possible temperature profiles, but two quite different temperature distributions can both match the measurements. These are: a uniform temperature, or, one with a sharply dropping temperature near the pinch outer edge. However, the measured ratio of the Mg a resonance lines to those of Al, even though time-integrated, excludes the possibility of a uniform temperature distribution. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Radiat Hydrodynam Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Maxwell Phys Int, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA. HY Tech Res Corp, Radford, VA 24141 USA. RP Apruzese, JP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Radiat Hydrodynam Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM davisj@ppdu.nrl.navy.mil NR 21 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1185 EP 1191 DI 10.1109/27.725149 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 125FN UT WOS:000076226900016 ER PT J AU Davis, J Clark, RW Giuliani, JL Thornhill, JW Deeney, C AF Davis, J Clark, RW Giuliani, JL Thornhill, JW Deeney, C TI Radiative characteristics of pulsed power driven Z-pinch aluminum plasmas SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE magnetohydrodynamics; pulse power systems; X-ray spectroscopy ID WIRE-ARRAY AB In this paper, we study the dynamics of a massive aluminum Z-pinch plasma load and evaluate its performance as a soft X-ray radiator. A radiation hydrodynamic model self-consistently driven by a circuit describes the dynamics, Comparisons are made for the K- and L-shell soft X-ray emission as a function of the ionization dynamic model. The ionization dynamic models are represented by: 1) a time-dependent nonequilibrium (NEQ) model, 2) a collisional radiative equilibrium (CRE) model, and 3) a local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) model. For all three scenarios the radiation is treated 1) in the free streaming optically thin approximation where the plasma is treated as a volume emitter and 2) in the optically thick regime where the opacity for the lines and continuum is self-consistently calculated online and the radiation is transported through the plasma. Each simulation is carried out independently to determine the sensitivity of the implosion dynamics to the ionization and radiation model, i.e., how the ionization dynamic model affects the radiative yield and emission spectra, Results are presented for the L- and K-shell radiation yields and emission spectra as a function of photon energy from 10 eV to 10 keV, Also, departure coefficients from LTE are presented for selected levels and ionization stages. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Davis, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1192 EP 1201 DI 10.1109/27.725150 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 125FN UT WOS:000076226900017 ER PT J AU Vizir, A Oks, EM Brown, IG AF Vizir, A Oks, EM Brown, IG TI Ion beam formation under unusual conditions SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beam formation; ion beams; ion implantation; ion sources; plasma immersion; surface modification ID IMPLANTATION; DEPOSITION AB We point out that energetic ion beams can be produced from a plasma-based ion source using a conventional multi-electrode extractor system to form the ion beam, or by using,a less conventional approach in which a single grid (wire mesh) is used and the beam is formed across the high voltage sheath formed there. There are requirements on the mesh size with respect to the plasma density (the sheath must be large compared to the mesh dimension) in order for energetic ion beam to be formed. When this condition is not met it is possible for the configuration to behave in a "plasma-immersion mode," and although the system does not then form an energetic ion beam, ion implantation can, under some circumstances, nevertheless be brought about by another coincidental mechanism. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Current Elect, Tomsk 634050, Russia. State Univ Control Syst & Radioelect, Tomsk 634050, Russia. RP Vizir, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ibrown@lbl.gov RI Oks, Efim/A-9409-2014; Vizir, Alexey/R-2139-2016 OI Oks, Efim/0000-0002-9323-0686; Vizir, Alexey/0000-0002-9563-8650 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1353 EP 1356 DI 10.1109/27.725169 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 125FN UT WOS:000076226900036 ER PT J AU Key, T Lai, JS AF Key, T Lai, JS TI Analysis of harmonic mitigation methods for building wiring systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB There is a growing number of available harmonic mitigation methods. Selection of the best suited method for a particular case can be a complicated decision making process. The difficulty normally arises from not knowing how a particular technology and design will perform in a specific non-sinusoidal system. This paper looks at seven harmonic mitigation methods and compares their compensation characteristics as applied to building wiring systems. Both passive and active mitigation methods are considered far harmonics generated by single-phase equipment. The performance is studied through computer simulation with detailed source and associated rectifier load interfaces in the model. C1 Power Elect Applicat Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Power Elect Applicat Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. OI Lai, Jihsheng/0000-0003-2315-8460 NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8950 EI 1558-0679 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 13 IS 3 BP 890 EP 897 DI 10.1109/59.708772 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 105GM UT WOS:000075064400026 ER PT J AU Porcelli, SA Segelke, BW Sugita, M Wilson, IA Brenner, MB AF Porcelli, SA Segelke, BW Sugita, M Wilson, IA Brenner, MB TI The CD1 family of lipid antigen-presenting molecules SO IMMUNOLOGY TODAY LA English DT Review ID T-CELLS; HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; LANGERHANS CELLS; LYMPHOCYTES-T; BINDING-SITE; MOUSE CD1; COMPLEX; EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR AB The paradigm that T cells recognize peptide antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex class I and class II molecules has been a guiding principle in the development of immunology. Here, Steven Porcelli and colleagues review studies that extend this paradigm by showing that CD1 proteins are a separate lineage of antigen-presenting molecules with unusually hydrophobic ligand-binding grooves that present nonpeptide lipid and glycolipid antigens to T cells. C1 Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Rheumatol Allergy & Immunol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Macromol Crystallog, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Porcelli, SA (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Rheumatol Allergy & Immunol, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA58896]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI28973, AI40135] NR 60 TC 109 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0167-5699 J9 IMMUNOL TODAY JI Immunol. Today PD AUG PY 1998 VL 19 IS 8 BP 362 EP 368 DI 10.1016/S0167-5699(98)01289-4 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 107MQ UT WOS:000075213400006 PM 9709504 ER PT J AU Pal, AA Sau, TK Pal, T Vo-Dinh, T AF Pal, AA Sau, TK Pal, T Vo-Dinh, T TI A new fluorescence method for the determination of ammonia SO INDIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY SECTION A-INORGANIC BIO-INORGANIC PHYSICAL THEORETICAL & ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB A new method is described for the determination of ammonia by exploiting the change in fluorescence intensity of the ethanolic solution of salicylaldehyde with the addition of trace amounts of aqueous ammonia solution. The method is simple, sensitive and accurate. C1 Indian Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Kharagpur 721302, W Bengal, India. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Hlth & Safety Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pal, T (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Kharagpur 721302, W Bengal, India. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION PI NEW DELHI PA DR K S KRISHNAN MARG, NEW DELHI 110 012, INDIA SN 0376-4710 J9 INDIAN J CHEM A JI Indian J. Chem. Sect A-Inorg. Bio-Inorg. Phys. Theor. Anal. Chem. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 37 IS 8 BP 753 EP 754 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 143XY UT WOS:000077283900020 ER PT J AU Sethi, V Clark, RM AF Sethi, V Clark, RM TI Cost estimation models for drinking water treatment unit processes SO INDIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB Cost models for unit processes typically utilized in a conventional water treatment plant and in package treatment plant technology are compiled in this paper. The cost curves are represented as a function of specified design parameters and are categorized into four major categories : construction, maintenance materials, energy and labour. The cost curves sire developed so that cost indices may be used to update cost estimates from the base year. These models can be used to assist in making decisions;related to construction of new water treatment facilities or modification of existing water treatment processes to meet drinking water standards or provide improved water quality. They can also be used as a part of sophisticated economic evaluation such as the calculation of cost to benefit ratios. C1 US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Clark, RM (reprint author), US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, MS 689,26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION PI NEW DELHI PA DR K S KRISHNAN MARG, NEW DELHI 110 012, INDIA SN 0971-4588 J9 INDIAN J ENG MATER S JI Indian J. Eng. Mat. Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 5 IS 4 BP 223 EP 235 PG 13 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 134QT UT WOS:000076754600012 ER PT J AU Husson, SM King, CJ AF Husson, SM King, CJ TI Regeneration of lactic and succinic acid-laden basic sorbents by leaching with a volatile base in an organic solvent SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; AMINE EXTRACTANTS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ACETIC-ACID; FERMENTATION; EQUILIBRIA; RECOVERY AB Leaching with an organic solution of a volatile base was explored as a method of regenerating tertiary amine and pyridyl sorbents. Experimental data are presented that show that regeneration efficiency correlates with the nonaqueous basicity of the regenerant as measured by the Gutmann donicity scale. Essentially complete regeneration of lactic acid-laden Dowex MWA-1 was achieved when 8-10 mol of trimethylamine were present for every mole of adsorbed acid; adequate (>70% regeneration was obtained at a 2:1 molar ratio. The; resulting trimethylamine-lactic acid complex can be thermally decomposed fully when trimethylamine is employed in an organic solvent instead of in water. A likely cause of the incomplete thermal decomposition of trimethylammonium lactate in previous, water-based systems is the aqueous environment in which the decomposition was performed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP King, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM smhnogut@uclink2.berkeley.edu NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 37 IS 8 BP 2996 EP 3005 DI 10.1021/ie970775p PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 107MU UT WOS:000075213700013 ER PT J AU Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT Simonson, JM Mesmer, RE Cochran, HD AF Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT Simonson, JM Mesmer, RE Cochran, HD TI Interplay between molecular simulation and neutron scattering in developing new insights into the structure of water SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SUPERCRITICAL WATER; LIQUID WATER; X-RAY; DIFFRACTION; TEMPERATURES; 25-DEGREES-C; PRESSURE; AMBIENT; MODEL AB For three decades, molecular models for water, nature's most important liquid, have been developed and refined by fitting to structure measured by neutron scattering. The decade-old widely accepted structure of water at room temperature and pressure was recently revised as a byproduct of attempts to understand the structure of high-temperature/high-pressure water for which, in a remarkable reversal of roles, molecular models successfully pinpointed inaccuracies in scattering data. Subsequent improvements in analyzing scattering data have led to reevaluation of water structure at normal conditions. This remarkable interplay between molecular modeling and experiment suggests molecular methods can effectively complement scattering experiments. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cummings, PT (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, 419 Dougherty Engn Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013; OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216; Chialvo, Ariel/0000-0002-6091-4563 NR 35 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 37 IS 8 BP 3021 EP 3025 DI 10.1021/ie970903+ PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 107MU UT WOS:000075213700016 ER PT J AU Adler, TC McLarnon, FR Cairns, EJ AF Adler, TC McLarnon, FR Cairns, EJ TI Investigations of a new family of alkaline-fluoride-carbonate electrolytes for zinc/nickel oxide cells SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ZINC-SOLUBILITY ELECTROLYTES; PERFORMANCE AB A new family of reduced-alkalinity electrolytes containing fluoride and carbonate anions significantly extends the cycle-life performance of zinc/nickel oxide cells. Various compositions of this family of electrolytes, with a range of KOH concentrations from 2 to 6.9 M, were characterized for zinc/nickel oxide cell cycle-life and power performance, and their conductivities were measured for a range of operating temperatures. The optimum composition for this type of electrolyte based on these criteria was determined to be 3.2-4.5 M KOH with 2 M KF, 2 M K2CO3, 0.5 M, LiF (suspension), and saturated ZnO. The cycle-life performance for 1.4Ah sealed cells with the optimum electrolytes is 425-460 cycles to 80% of initial capacity, compared to 75-100 cycles for the conventional highly alkaline electrolyte, 6.8 M:1 M KOH-LiOH, saturated ZnO, a factor of 5 improvement. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP McLarnon, FR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, MSB 90-1142,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 37 IS 8 BP 3237 EP 3241 DI 10.1021/ie9800694 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 107MU UT WOS:000075213700041 ER PT J AU Takasugi, T Liu, CT Heatherly, L Lee, EH George, EP AF Takasugi, T Liu, CT Heatherly, L Lee, EH George, EP TI Boron contaminations and their kinetics in Ni-3(Si,Ti) alloys SO INTERMETALLICS LA English DT Article DE silicides; various; diffusion; interstitial content; control; grain boundaries; structure; electron microprobe ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION; ENVIRONMENTAL EMBRITTLEMENT; FRACTURE; NI3AL; DUCTILITY AB The sources of boron contamination in Ni-3(Si,Ti) alloys originally prepared as boron-free alloys in two different places were determined using an Auger instrument. Based on the correlation between the detected grain boundary compositions and the adopted processings, the cross-annealings with boron-doped alloys and annealings in a previously boron-contaminated furnace were identified as the possible sources of the boron contamination. Also, a simulation of the boron contamination where a boron-free Ni-3(Si,Ti) alloy was cross-annealed in vacuum with a boron-doped Ni-3(Si,Ti) alloy was performed. The boron penetration from the alloy surface was measured, and the corresponding diffusion coefficient of boron was estimated. Based on the obtained results, some implications are discussed. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Limited. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 98077, Japan. RP Takasugi, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014; OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-9795 J9 INTERMETALLICS JI Intermetallics PD AUG PY 1998 VL 6 IS 5 BP 369 EP 377 DI 10.1016/S0966-9795(97)00083-6 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA ZU793 UT WOS:000074235500004 ER PT J AU Beyerlein, IJ Phoenix, SL Raj, R AF Beyerlein, IJ Phoenix, SL Raj, R TI Time evolution of stress redistribution around multiple fiber breaks in a composite with viscous and viscoelastic matrices SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID CREEP-RUPTURE; MICROCOMPOSITES; SUSPENSION; STATISTICS; FRACTURE; CERAMICS; LIFETIME; FAILURE; DAMAGE; MODEL AB We develop an efficient computational technique, called viscous break interaction (VBI), to determine the time evolution of fiber and matrix stresses around a large, arbitrary array of ber breaks in a unidirectional composite with a matrix that creeps. The matrix is assumed to be linearly viscoelastic or viscous in shear following a power-law in time (creep exponent 0 less than or equal to alpha less than or equal to 1), and interface debonding or slip is not permitted. Such a law is applicable to polymeric matrices over a wide range of temperatures or to a viscous, glassy interphase in a ceramic composite with elongated microstructure. Specifically, we consider an infinitely large, 2-D composite lamina in the shear-lag framework of Hedgepeth, and the multiple break formulation is built on weighted superposition using influence functions based on the response to an isolated break. We apply the method to problems involving large transverse cracks (i.e., aligned, contiguous breaks), fully bridged cracks, and arrays of interacting, longitudinally staggered breaks. In each case we calculate the time evolution of stress concentrations and displacements of individual fibers. In comparing cracks vs spatially staggered breaks, the results reveal interesting contrasts in the time variation of both peak fiber stress concentrations and break opening displacements. In the latter case, we see behavior consistent with the three stages of creep, and show how the local fiber tensile stresses can rise (and subsequently even fall) at rates depending on various microstructural length scales. The motivation for developing VBI is to provide the computational framework for modeling the statistical features of the lifetime of composites in creep-rupture resulting from an accumulation of many fiber breaks and ultimately localization and collapse. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Theoret & Appl Mech, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Beyerlein, IJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; OI RAJ, RISHI/0000-0001-8556-9797 NR 42 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 35 IS 24 BP 3177 EP 3211 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(98)00010-9 PG 35 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA ZR786 UT WOS:000074013600003 ER PT J AU Vasco, DW AF Vasco, DW TI Regularization and trade-off associated with nonlinear geophysical inverse problems: penalty homotopies SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Article ID MORSE LEMMA; GRAVITY; NEVADA; SINGULARITY; TOMOGRAPHY; EQUATIONS; MODELS; TIMES AB The presence of local extrema complicates the construction of trade-off curves for nonlinear geophysical inverse problems. Techniques based on path-following or operator homotopies are of use in determining trade-off and in estimating how to weight regularization penalty terms. A homotopy approach has several advantages over linearization about a particular solution. First, it is non-local in the sense that the solution can change significantly as the regularization is varied. Second, nearby distinct local minima can often be found by following branches from the primary homotopy path. The homotopy method tracks a single extremum as the regularization weight is varied. Therefore, it produces a smooth trade-off curve, something that is difficult to accomplish by repeated minimization with different regularization parameters. The homotopy approach is used to invert a set of seismic first arrival times for near-surface velocity structure near Yucca Mountain, Nevada. A trade-off curve of travel time misfit versus model norm is monotonic and provides :In estimate of regularization weighting. The velocity model contains two low-velocity zones which correlate with known fault intersections. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Ctr Computat Seismol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vasco, DW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Ctr Computat Seismol, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016 OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628 NR 64 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0266-5611 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1033 EP 1052 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/14/4/018 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 113LE UT WOS:000075551800018 ER PT J AU McGraw, R Nemesure, S Schwartz, SE AF McGraw, R Nemesure, S Schwartz, SE TI Properties and evolution of aerosols with size distributions having identical moments SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NUCLEATION; GROWTH; CONDENSATION AB It has been proposed that the properties and evolution of an aerosol can be represented by lower-order moments of its size distribution without requiring additional knowledge of the distribution itself. However, certain distributions, including the log-normal and modified gamma distributions widely used to represent aerosol size distributions, belong to classes of multiple distributions having identical sets of moments, a situation that brings into question the utility of moment-based representations of aerosol properties and dynamics. We compare aerosol properties and evolution for explicit dissimilar test distributions having identical moments. It is found that despite their dissimilarity (e.g. multimode vs single mode) these distributions exhibit virtually identical physical and optical properties and dynamics. This analysis allays the concern regarding applicability of moment-based representations of aerosol properties that arises out of the existence of sets of distributions exhibiting identical moments. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Environm Chem Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McGraw, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Environm Chem Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008 OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X NR 33 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 29 IS 7 BP 761 EP 772 DI 10.1016/S0021-8502(97)10029-5 PG 12 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ZU008 UT WOS:000074152000001 ER PT J AU Taylor, RE Charles, WC Southon, JR AF Taylor, RE Charles, WC Southon, JR TI Identification of age anomalous components of food commodities by radiocarbon (C-14) analyses SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE radiocarbon; carbon isotopes; orange juice; component age ID ATMOSPHERIC C-14; CO2 AB "Post-maximum-bomb'' C-14 activities (1964 to the present) provide a natural isotopic signature to obtain information on biomass source age in contemporary food preparations. An analysis of the C-14 content in frozen orange juice-containing products purchased in 1996 suggested, in one case, an inferred growth period between 1992 and 1994 for oranges used in the preparation of this commodity. In another case, the C-14 analysis indicated an inferred average growth period of 1988-90 for the organics in a "frozen concentrated enriched citrus beverage". The presence of significant amounts of chemical additives obtained or synthesized from fossil carbon sources can also be documented by measuring C-14 content. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Dept Anthropol, Radiocarbon Lab, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Taylor, RE (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Dept Anthropol, Radiocarbon Lab, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 46 IS 8 BP 3150 EP 3152 DI 10.1021/jf971035u PG 3 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 112DD UT WOS:000075478100040 ER PT J AU Whitacre, JF Rek, ZU Bilello, JC Yalisove, SM AF Whitacre, JF Rek, ZU Bilello, JC Yalisove, SM TI Surface roughness and in-plane texturing in sputtered thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COLUMNAR MICROSTRUCTURE; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION; X-RAY; DEPOSITION; MULTILAYERS; GROWTH; MODEL AB Real surfaces are not flat on an atomic scale, Studying the effects of roughness on microstructural evolution is of relevance because films are sputtered onto nonideal surfaces in many applications. To this end, amorphous rough substrates of two different morphologies, either elongated mounds or facets, were fabricated. The microstructural development of films deposited onto these surfaces was examined. In particular, the development of a preferred crystallographic orientation in the plane of growth in 400 nm thick Mo films grown on the rough substrates was studied using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron diffraction, and high resolution x-ray diffraction (using phi scans in the symmetric grazing incidence x-ray scattering geometry with a synchrotron light source). It was found that the degree of texturing was dependent upon the type of roughness and its orientation during deposition. By limiting the average oblique angle of incident adatom flux, rough surfaces slowed the development of in-plane texture. Comparison between experimental data and theoretical predictions showed that a recent analytical model is able to reasonably predict the degree of texturing in films grown onto these surfaces, (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Whitacre, JF (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2300 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 14 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 3 BP 1346 EP 1353 DI 10.1063/1.368204 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108YT UT WOS:000075294600029 ER PT J AU Kazimirov, A Scherb, G Zegenhagen, J Lee, TL Bedzyk, MJ Kelly, MK Angerer, H Ambacher, O AF Kazimirov, A Scherb, G Zegenhagen, J Lee, TL Bedzyk, MJ Kelly, MK Angerer, H Ambacher, O TI Polarity determination of a GaN thin film on sapphire (0001) with x-ray standing waves SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC POLARITY; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; CDTE CRYSTALS AB The x-ray standing wave technique was used to determine the polarity of a 1 mu m thick GaN film grown by molecular beam epitaxy on an alpha-Al2O3(0001) single crystal. The standing wave was generated by x-ray diffraction from the GaN film, The Ga K-alpha fluorescence yield was recorded as a function of incidence angle within the range of the GaN(0002) reflection. Analysis of the data reveals that the film has grown with N polarity, i.e., the nitrogen atoms occupy the top half of the wurtzite (0001) bilayers. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Northwestern Univ, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Tech Univ Munchen, Walter Schottky Inst, D-85747 Garching, Germany. Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Zegenhagen, J (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009; Bedzyk, Michael/K-6903-2013 NR 21 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 3 BP 1703 EP 1705 DI 10.1063/1.368240 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108YT UT WOS:000075294600086 ER PT J AU Payne, JW Bolton, H Campbell, JA Xun, LY AF Payne, JW Bolton, H Campbell, JA Xun, LY TI Purification and characterization of EDTA monooxygenase from the EDTA-degrading bacterium BNC1 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION; NATURAL-WATERS; ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETATE; NITRILOTRIACETATE; ATCC-29600; SEDIMENTS; COMPLEXES; METALS; ACIDS AB The synthetic chelating agent EDTA can mobilize radionuclides and heavy metals in the environment. Biodegradation of EDTA should reduce this mobilization. Although several bacteria have been reported to mineralize EDTA, little is known about the biochemistry of EDTA degradation. Understanding the biochemistry will facilitate the removal of EDTA from the environment. EDTA-degrading activities were detected in cell extracts of bacterium BNC1 when flavin mononucleotide (FMN), NADH, and O-2 were present. The degradative enzyme system was separated into two different enzymes, EDTA monooxygenase and an FMN reductase, EDTA monooxygenase oxidized EDTA to glyoxylate and ethylenediaminetriacetate (ED3A), with the coconsumption of FMNH2 and O-2. The FMN reductase provided EDTA monooxygenase with FMNH2 by reducing FMN with NADH, The FMN reductase was successfully substituted in the assay mixture by other FMN reductases. EDTA monooxygenase was purified to greater than 95% homogeneity and had a single polypeptide with a molecular weight of 45,000, The enzyme oxidized both EDTA complexed with various metal ions and uncomplexed EDTA, The optimal conditions for activity were pH 7.8 and 35 degrees C. K(m)s were 34.1 mu M for uncomplexed EDTA and 8.5 mu M for MgEDTA(2-); this difference in K-m indicates that the enzyme has greater affinity for MgEDTA(2-). The enzyme also catalyzed the release of glyoxylate from nitrilotriacetate and diethylenetriaminepentaacetate. EDTA monooxygenase belongs to a small group of FMNH2-utilizing monooxygenases that attack carbon-nitrogen, carbon-sulfur, and carbon-carbon double bonds. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Microbiol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Adv Organ Analyt Methods Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Xun, LY (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. EM xun@mail.wsu.edu RI Bolton, Harvey/E-5583-2011 NR 40 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 180 IS 15 BP 3823 EP 3827 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 105YY UT WOS:000075104000014 PM 9683478 ER PT J AU Zhu, JS Kong, RQ Wolk, CP AF Zhu, JS Kong, RQ Wolk, CP TI Regulation of hepA of Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 by elements 5 ' from the gene and by hepK SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BROAD-HOST-RANGE; CYANOBACTERIUM ANABAENA; HETEROCYST DEVELOPMENT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CLONING VECTORS; CELL-ENVELOPE; PCC-7120; DNA; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN AB In Anabaena spp., synthesis of the heterocyst envelope polysaccharide, required if the cell is to fix dinitrogen under aerobic conditions, is dependent on the gene hepA. A transcriptional start site of hepA was localized 104 bp 5' from its translational initiation codon. A 765-bp open reading frame, denoted hepC, was found farther upstream. Inactivation of hepC led to constitutive expression of hepA and prevented the synthesis of heterocyst envelope polysaccharide. However, the glycolipid layer of the heterocyst envelope was synthesized. A hepK mutation blocked both the synthesis of the heterocyst envelope polysaccharide and induction of hepA. The predicted product of hepK resembles a sensory protein-histidine kinase of a two-component regulatory system. Analysis of the region between hepC and hepA indicated that DNA sequences required for the induction of hepA upon nitrogen deprivation are present between bp -574 and -440 and between bp -340 and -169 relative to the transcriptional start site of hepA, Gel mobility shift assays provided evidence that one or more proteins bind specifically to the latter sequence. The Fox box sequence downstream from hepA appeared inessential for the induction of hepA. C1 Michigan State Univ, Plant Res Lab, MSU DOE, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Wolk, CP (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Plant Res Lab, MSU DOE, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM wolk@pilot.msu.edu NR 61 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 180 IS 16 BP 4233 EP 4242 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 109NH UT WOS:000075328400030 PM 9696774 ER PT J AU Musgrave, KB Liu, HI Ma, L Burgess, BK Watt, G Hedman, B Hodgson, KO AF Musgrave, KB Liu, HI Ma, L Burgess, BK Watt, G Hedman, B Hodgson, KO TI EXAFS studies on the P(N) and P(OX) states of the P-clusters in nitrogenase SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE nitrogenase; P-clusters; redox; EXAFS; XAS ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; MOLYBDENUM-IRON PROTEIN; BODY DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; MOFE-PROTEIN; AZOTOBACTER-VINELANDII; CLOSTRIDIUM-PASTEURIANUM; KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; CONDENSED MATTER; FEMO-COFACTOR; MOSSBAUER AB The MoFe protein of nitrogenase is an alpha(2)beta(2) tetramer that contains two each of two different types of metal centers, the FeMo-cofactor and the P-clusters. The function of the P-clusters is believed to be to accept electrons from the Fe protein of nitrogenase and to donate them to the FeMo-cofactor, We have studied the P-clusters of Azotobacter vinelandii nitrogenase in both the P(N) and p(OX): states utilizing Fe it-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Since the MoFe holoprotein contains the seven iron FeMo-cofactor centers in addition to P-clusters, we have utilized a FeMo-cofactor-deficient MoFe protein synthesized by the Delta nif H strain DJ54. That MoFe protein is an alpha(2)beta(2) tetramer that contains P-clusters by the criteria of metal analysis, CD spectroscopy. cluster extrusion, and electrochemical reduction of the POX state. Several important results have emerged from our XAS studies. The first shell Fe-S coordination shows the same average Fe-S distance (2.26 Angstrom) in both stales. The second coordination shells could only be well fit using two different Fe-Fe contributions. In both states, short Fe-Fe components with ;distances of 2.57 Angstrom and 2.42 Angstrom for the P(N) and P(OX) stares, respectively, were required to complement longer 2.75 Angstrom and 2.70 Angstrom distances. Understanding of the P-cluster structure is essential if we are to make advances in understanding the role of the P-clusters and their participation in electron transfer through the nitrogenase system. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Hodgson, KO (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM hodgson@ssrl.slac.stanford.edu NR 41 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0949-8257 J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 3 IS 4 BP 344 EP 352 DI 10.1007/s007750050243 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 114DB UT WOS:000075592900002 ER PT J AU Edwards, C Tung, CS Silks, LA Gatewood, JM Fee, JA Mariappan, SVS AF Edwards, C Tung, CS Silks, LA Gatewood, JM Fee, JA Mariappan, SVS TI Probing site-specific interactions in Protein-DNA complexes using heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling: Binding of Cro repressor to OR3 SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC RECOGNITION; LAMBDA-CRO; OPERATOR DNA; ACID; ASSIGNMENT AB In this paper, a general method is developed to study site-specific interactions in DNA-protein complexes using heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling. This method involves two steps: (a) homonuclear H-1 NMR and molecular modeling are used to develop a low resolution model and (b) (15)N7-guanosine containing oligonucleotides are employed to probe the specific intermolecular interactions predicted in(a). This method is applied to Cro-operator complex due to its small size and extensive prior characterization. Non-exchangeable and exchangeable base protons have been assigned by nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) and chemical shift correlation spectroscopy. Extensive line-broadening has been observed in the H-1 NMR spectra of the operator DNA in the presence of protein. Differential line-broadening observed in the imino proton region and the comparison of NOESY spectra in the presence and absence of Cro protein show that guanosine-12 and guanosine-14 are involved in the Cro-DNA interaction, while the three A.T base-pairs at the 3'- and 5'-termini play only a minor role in the binding. A model of the Cro-operator DNA complex has been constructed by docking helix-3 of the Cro protein in the major groove and it predicted specific hydrogen bonds between N7 of guanosines-12 and -14 and the side-chain of Lys-32 and Ser-28, respectively. The appearance of a new resonance in the temperature dependent proton detected heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (HMQC) spectra of the Cro-DNA complex also demonstrates a specific interaction of Cro with guanosine-14 of the operator DNA. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Mariappan, SVS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, LS-8,MS M880, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ADENINE PRESS INC PI GUILDERLAND PA PO BOX 355/340, GUILDERLAND, NY 12084 USA SN 0739-1102 J9 J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN JI J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 16 IS 1 BP 13 EP 20 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 116HJ UT WOS:000075718400002 PM 9745890 ER PT J AU Bernholdt, DE Harrison, RJ AF Bernholdt, DE Harrison, RJ TI Fitting basis sets for the RI-MP2 approximate second-order many-body perturbation theory method SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATIONS; LINEAR-COMBINATION; ORBITAL METHODS; INTEGRALS; BORON; DISTRIBUTIONS; ENERGIES AB The "resolution of the identity" integral approximation applied to second-order many-body perturbation theory, or RI-MP2, method offers improved computational performance compared to traditional (exact) second-order perturbation theory calculations, but introduces a new auxiliary or "fitting basis set" into the method. We develop fitting-basis sets for use with the correlation consistent cc-pVDZ and cc-pVTZ atomic orbital basis sets for the atoms H-Ne. These fitting sets are designed to reproduce exact second-order results for a set of 32 test cases, including a variety of reaction energies, weak interactions, and electrostatic properties, to better than 1% error averaged across all tests and less than 2% error in any individual case. Although the RI-MP2 method is primarily targeted to large-scale calculations, it offers substantial performance improvements even for the small molecules used in these test cases. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Syracuse Univ, NE Parallel Architectures Ctr, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bernholdt, DE (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, NE Parallel Architectures Ctr, 111 Coll Pl, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. EM bernhold@npac.syr.edu; rj_harrison@pnl.gov NR 32 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 5 BP 1593 EP 1600 DI 10.1063/1.476732 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 105HH UT WOS:000075066300002 ER PT J AU Greeff, CW Lester, WA AF Greeff, CW Lester, WA TI A soft Hartree-Fock pseudopotential for carbon with application to quantum Monte Carlo SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; BASIS-SETS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; 1ST-ROW; ATOMS AB We describe the development of an ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) pseudopotential for C that has neither repulsive r(-2) nor attractive Coulomb singularities at the nucleus. This potential is tested: in HF calculations on small hydrocarbons and shown to give good accuracy in comparison to all-electron calculations. The new pseudopotential is demonstrated to give superior basis;set convergence in HF calculations compared to standard ones with r(-2) singularities. Diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) calculations on C and CH with the new potential show substantial improvements in stability at larger time steps compared with conventional pseudopotentials, with negligible time Step dependence of the total energy. The resultant CH bond energy, D-e = 83.3(4) kcal/mol, is in good agreement with experiment and with a similar all-electron DMC calculation. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Greeff, CW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Greeff, Carl/N-3267-2013; OI Greeff, Carl/0000-0003-0529-0441 NR 27 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 5 BP 1607 EP 1612 DI 10.1063/1.476734 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 105HH UT WOS:000075066300004 ER PT J AU Cheung, YS Huang, JC Ng, CY AF Cheung, YS Huang, JC Ng, CY TI Vacuum ultraviolet laser pulsed field ionization photoelectron studies of polyatomic species: Accurate ionization energies of CH3SH and CH3CH2SH SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION AB The vacuum ultraviolet (WV) pulsed field ionization photoelectron (PFI-PE) spectra for CH3SH and CH3CH2SH have been obtained near their ionization thresholds. Using a semiempirical simulation scheme, we have obtained satisfactory fits to fine structures resolved in the VUV-PFI-PE spectra, yielding accurate ionization energies of 76 256.3 +/- 2.9 cm(-1) (9.45458 +/- 0.00036 eV) and 74948.7 +/- 2.9 cm(-1)(9.29246 +/- 0.00036 eV) for CH3SH and CH3CH2SH respectively. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ng, CY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 5 BP 1781 EP 1786 DI 10.1063/1.476753 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 105HH UT WOS:000075066300026 ER PT J AU Corrales, LR Keefer, KD AF Corrales, LR Keefer, KD TI Solubility limits of silicate melts (vol 106, pg 6460, 1997) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Correction C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Corrales, LR (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 109 IS 5 BP 2044 EP 2044 DI 10.1063/1.476781 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 105HH UT WOS:000075066300057 ER PT J AU Dobbyn, AJ Knowles, PJ Harrison, RJ AF Dobbyn, AJ Knowles, PJ Harrison, RJ TI Parallel internally contracted multireference configuration interaction SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT HPCI Conference CY JAN, 1998 CL UNIV MANCHESTER INST SCI & TECHNOL, MANCHESTER, ENGLAND HO UNIV MANCHESTER INST SCI & TECHNOL DE configuration interaction; parallel computation; quantum chemistry; electronic structure; electron correlation ID COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY; SCF METHOD; COMPUTERS AB A parallel implementation of the internally contracted (IC) multireference configuration (MRCI) module of the MOLPRO quantum chemistry program is described. The global array (GA) toolkit has been used in order to map an existing disk-paging small-memory algorithm onto a massively parallel supercomputer, where disk storage is replaced by the combined memory of all processors. This model has enabled a rather complicated code to be ported to the parallel environment without the need for the wholesale redesign of algorithms and data structures. Examples show that the parallel ICMRCI program can deliver results in a fraction of the time needed for equivalent uncontracted MRCI computations. Further examples demonstrate that ICMRCI computations with up to 10(7) variational parameters, and equivalent to uncontracted MRCI with 10(9) configurations, are feasible. The largest calculation demonstrates a parallel efficiency of about 80% on 128 nodes of a Gray T3E-300. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Univ Birmingham, Sch Chem, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. SERC, Daresbury Lab, Dept Computat & Informat, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Knowles, PJ (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Chem, POB 363, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RI Knowles, Peter/G-2985-2010 OI Knowles, Peter/0000-0003-4657-6331 NR 22 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0192-8651 EI 1096-987X J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 19 IS 11 BP 1215 EP 1228 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-987X(199808)19:11<1215::AID-JCC2>3.0.CO;2-N PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 104KC UT WOS:000075012600002 ER PT J AU Tanaka, T Rek, ZU Wong, J Rowen, M AF Tanaka, T Rek, ZU Wong, J Rowen, M TI FZ crystal growth of monochromator-grade YB66 single crystals as guided by topographic and double-crystal diffraction characterization SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE YB66; soft X-ray monochromator; floating zone growth; X-ray diffraction characterization ID X-RAY MONOCHROMATOR; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; BORON; ZONE AB YB66 crystals grown with an indirect heating floating zone method were extensively characterized using a variety of X-ray diffraction techniques such as synchrotron white beam transmission and reflection topography, section topography and conventional double-crystal rocking curve measurements using Cu K-alpha and Mg K-alpha sources. The observed crystal defects and deformations were correlated with changes in the crystal growth process. The interplay beween systematic characterization and process improvements results in the growth of high quality single crystals of YB66 that can be used as an efficient element for monochromatization of synchrotron soft X-ray in the 1-2 keV energy range. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Inst Res Inorgan Mat, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Tanaka, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Res Inorgan Mat, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD AUG PY 1998 VL 192 IS 1-2 BP 141 EP 151 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(98)00400-X PG 11 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 115WG UT WOS:000075688900021 ER PT J AU Marone, PA Thiyagarajan, P Wagner, AM Tiede, DM AF Marone, PA Thiyagarajan, P Wagner, AM Tiede, DM TI The association state of a detergent-solubilized membrane protein measured during crystal nucleation and growth by small-angle neutron scattering SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE small-angle neutron scattering; reaction center; membrane protein; crystallization ID DYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTER; SUPERSATURATED LYSOZYME SOLUTIONS; X-RAY-SCATTERING; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHAEROIDES; BIOLOGICAL STRUCTURES; CRYSTALLIZATION; COMPLEX; CRYSTALLOGENESIS AB Reaction centers (RCs) from Rhodobacter sphaeroides R-26 were used as a model for membrane protein macromolecular organization and crystallization. Small-angle neutron-scattering measurements were made during pre-saturation, nucleation, and crystal growth phases of crystallization, using polyethylene glycol, PEG, as the precipitant, and with fully deuterated reaction center protein. Solution (H2O)-H-2/(H2O)-H-1 ratios were adjusted to match the average scattering length density of the detergent, and allow the scattering from the deuterated reaction center to be selectively detected within the detergent and PEG containing mixtures. Neutron-scattering profiles for the detergent-solubilized reaction center in PEG-containing solutions were found not to deviate detectably from that expected for mono-dispersed, noninteracting particles. Analysis of the scattering in terms of discrete aggregates suggests that the reaction center exists predominately in the monomeric form throughout the crystallization process. The absence of detectable (< 5%) accumulation of small, soluble aggregates entering into the supersaturated state suggests that the initial crystal nuclei must be kinetically transient, thermodynamically unstable intermediates, and that a reaction center monomer is most likely to serve as the crystal growth unit. These results contrast markedly with analogous neutron scattering studies of lysozyme. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Div D200, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulse Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Div D200, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM tiede@anlchm.chm.anl.gov NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 EI 1873-5002 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD AUG PY 1998 VL 191 IS 4 BP 811 EP 819 PG 9 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 115WE UT WOS:000075688600031 ER PT J AU Jones, RH Sharitz, RR AF Jones, RH Sharitz, RR TI Survival and growth of woody plant seedlings in the understorey of floodplain forests in South Carolina SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE advanced regeneration; forested wetlands; log-logistic function; mortality; seedling populations; succession; survival; understorey ID RAIN-FOREST; TROPICAL FORESTS; RECRUITMENT PATTERNS; HARDWOOD SEEDLINGS; SHADE TOLERANCE; ACER-SACCHARUM; LIFE-HISTORY; GAPS; DYNAMICS; LIGHT AB 1 Survival and height growth of permanently tagged understorey seedlings in four river floodplain forests in South Carolina were monitored for 8 years. Regression models were used to determine if a common survival pattern emerged and if the pattern varied according to species, spatial location, time, seedling size and seedling growth. 2 For most of the populations, per capita survival was initially poor but increased steadily with age. A few populations, however, had relatively high survival rates for 1-3 years after establishment, or brief periods (1-2 years) with much lower survival. Although the underlying survival function was best described by a negative power curve, a log-logistic model also fit the data and provided more versatility for fitting individual populations. 3 Significant differences in general survival pattern were found among species, sites (forests), years of establishment (cohorts), and all two-way interactions of species, site and cohort. Species differences were large. Spikes in mortality for individual species and cohorts were synchronized within sites and to a lesser degree among sites. In some sites, weak relationships were noted between mortality and peak river discharge during summer (negatively correlated) and winter (positively correlated). 4 Species differed strongly in their initial height, but effects of cohort and site on height were also significant as were all two-way interactions of species, site and cohort. During the 8 years of this study, very few seedlings grew taller than 30 cm. For most species, taller seedlings had greater per capita survival. Height growth, however, was not consistently related to survival. Since mean size of survivors changed little with time, age may be a better variable than size to use in models of survival. 5 Simulation models could probably be developed using a log-logistic function that includes (in order of importance): seedling age, species, intensity of winter floods (some sites) and occurrence of summer droughts (some sites). C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Bot, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Jones, RH (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 65 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-0477 J9 J ECOL JI J. Ecol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 86 IS 4 BP 574 EP 587 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00287.x PG 14 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 115ZB UT WOS:000075695300003 ER PT J AU Ma, B Balachandran, U AF Ma, B Balachandran, U TI Transport properties of the mixed-conducting SrFe1.2Co0.3Ox SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROCERAMICS LA English DT Article DE mixed-conductor; oxygen permeation; diffusivity; ceramic membrane; Sr-Fe-Co oxide ID CHEMICAL DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENT; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SRFECO0.5OX AB Single phase SrFe1.2Co0.3Ox, sample with layered crystal structure was prepared using a solid state reaction method, Electrical conductivity and apparent oxygen diffusion coefficients of the SrFe1.2Co0.2Ox sample were measured as functions of temperature in atmospheres of various oxygen partial pressures (P-O2). Total and ionic conductivities were determined by using the conventional four-probe and electron blocking four-probe methods, respectively. The apparent oxygen diffusion coefficient was derived from the time-dependent conductivity relaxation data of the reequilibrium process after abruptly changing the Po, in the surrounding atmosphere. Several atmospheres of different Po, were established by the use of premixed gas cylinders. The conductivity of SrFe1.2Co0.3Ox increases with increasing temperature and P-O2. At 900 degrees C in air, the total conductivity and ionic conductivity are 10 and 8 S.cm(-2), respectively. The ionic transference number (approximate to 0.8 in air) does not have strong temperature dependence. The activation energy increases with decreasing Pg?, In air, the activation energy has a low value of approximate to 0.37 eV, The apparent oxygen diffusion coefficient was approximate to 2 x 10(-6) cm(2).s(-1) at 950 degrees C over a wide range of P-O2 (1 less than or equal to P-O2 less than or equal to 10(-18) atm). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ma, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Ma, Beihai/I-1674-2013 OI Ma, Beihai/0000-0003-3557-2773 NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-3449 J9 J ELECTROCERAM JI J. Electroceram. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 2 IS 2 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.1023/A:1009939309781 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 125UB UT WOS:000076254500008 ER PT J AU Beevers, L Raikhel, NV AF Beevers, L Raikhel, NV TI Transport to the vacuole: receptors and trans elements SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE clathrin coated vesicles; protein trafficking; receptors; secretory pathway; SNAREs; vesicles ID CLATHRIN-COATED VESICLES; GTP-BINDING PROTEINS; PISUM-SATIVUM-L; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SORTING RECEPTOR; TOBACCO CELLS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; VESICULAR TRANSPORT; TARGETING RECEPTOR AB Most proteins that are synthesized on membrane-bound ribosomes are transported through the Golgi and reach the trans-Golgi network to be sorted for delivery to various cellular destinations, including the vacuole. Sorting involves a recognition of proteins by receptors and the assembly of cytosol-oriented coat structures that package cargo into vesicles. Vesicle trafficking is regulated by specific membrane-bound and soluble proteins. Several components of the secretory machinery have recently been identified in plants and are described in this review. Ongoing and future research will characterize features of the secretory pathway specific to plants which, because of the multiplicity of vacuole types, provide a more complex paradigm than the better described mammalian and yeast systems. C1 Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Raikhel, NV (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 82 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 49 IS 325 BP 1271 EP 1279 DI 10.1093/jexbot/49.325.1271 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 110YJ UT WOS:000075408900002 ER PT J AU Ulibarri, CA AF Ulibarri, CA TI Is after-hours trading informative? SO JOURNAL OF FUTURES MARKETS LA English DT Article ID VOLUME; MARKETS C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ulibarri, CA (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, MS K8-11,POB 999,Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0270-7314 J9 J FUTURES MARKETS JI J. Futures Mark. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 18 IS 5 BP 563 EP 579 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9934(199808)18:5<563::AID-FUT4>3.0.CO;2-0 PG 17 WC Business, Finance SC Business & Economics GA ZX014 UT WOS:000074471600004 ER PT J AU Lui, ATY Williams, DJ McEntire, RW Ohtani, S Zanetti, LJ Bristow, WA Greenwald, RA Newell, PT Christon, SP Mukai, T Tsuruda, K Yamamoto, T Kokubun, S Matsumoto, H Kojima, H Murata, T Fairfield, DH Lepping, RP Samson, JC Rostoker, G Reeves, GD Rodger, AL Singer, HJ AF Lui, ATY Williams, DJ McEntire, RW Ohtani, S Zanetti, LJ Bristow, WA Greenwald, RA Newell, PT Christon, SP Mukai, T Tsuruda, K Yamamoto, T Kokubun, S Matsumoto, H Kojima, H Murata, T Fairfield, DH Lepping, RP Samson, JC Rostoker, G Reeves, GD Rodger, AL Singer, HJ TI Multipoint study of a substorm on February 9, 1995 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA SHEET; MAGNETOSPHERE; FLOWS; WIND AB An extended interval of strong northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) was observed by the Wind spacecraft located at an upstream distance of similar to 193 R-E from February 8-10, 1995, with a brief break of southward IMF from 0200 to 0400 UT on February 9. This brief interval of southward IMF led to an isolated substorm of moderate intensity (similar to 500 nT) with expansion phase starting at similar to 0431 UT. This substorm may be triggered by the northward turning of the IMF since its onset time matched well with the time expected for the arrival of the northward turning of the IMF at Earth. The substorm activities were monitored by 11 spacecraft in space (Wind, IMP 8, Geotail, six geosynchronous satellites, one DMSP satellite, and Freja) and two networks of ground stations (Canopus and SuperDARN) covering both the northern and southern hemispheres. The extensive coverage of this event provides us with results (1) showing some unusual characteristics possibly related to the isolated nature of the substorm and (2) revealing some surprising features difficult to reconcile with the traditional substorm model. In the first category is unusually long duration of the growth phase and the long time delay between substorm expansion onset and particle injection onset at the geosynchronous orbit. In the second category is new evidence for multiple particle acceleration sites during substorm expansion and for sunward flow during the late expansion phase of a substorm being unrelated to a single acceleration site (X line) moving from the near-Earth tail to the more distant tail. We also present observations which show the possible optical signature on the ground of bursty bulk flows in the magnetotail. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys & Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 229, Japan. Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Aichi 442, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Radio Atmospher Sci Ctr, Kyoto, Japan. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England. NOAA, Space Environm Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RI Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011; Ohtani, Shinichi/E-3914-2016 OI Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098; Ohtani, Shinichi/0000-0002-9565-6840 NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A8 BP 17333 EP 17343 DI 10.1029/97JA02632 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 107BV UT WOS:000075186700011 ER PT J AU Reeves, GD Friedel, RHW Belian, RD Meier, MM Henderson, MG Onsager, T Singer, HJ Baker, DN Li, X Blake, JB AF Reeves, GD Friedel, RHW Belian, RD Meier, MM Henderson, MG Onsager, T Singer, HJ Baker, DN Li, X Blake, JB TI The relativistic electron response at geosynchronous orbit during the January 1997 magnetic storm SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The first geomagnetic storm of 1997 began on January 10. It is of particular interest because it was exceptionally well observed by the full complement of International Solar Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) satellites and because of its possible association with the catastrophic failure of the Telstar 401 telecommunications satellite. Here we report on the energetic electron environment observed by five geosynchronous satellites. In part one of this paper we examine the magnetospheric response to the magnetic cloud. The interval of southward IMF drove strong substorm activity while the interval of northward IMF and high solar wind density strongly compressed the magnetosphere. At energies above a few hundred keV, two distinct electron enhancements were observed at geosynchronous orbit. The first enhancement began and ended suddenly, lasted for approximately 1 day, and is associated with the strong compression of the magnetosphere. The second enhancement showed a more characteristic time delay, peaking on January 15. Both enhancements may be due to transport of electrons from the same initial acceleration event at a location inside geosynchronous orbit but the first enhancement was due to a temporary, quasi-adiabatic transport associated with the compression of the magnetosphere while the second enhancement was due to slower diffusive processes. In the second part of the paper we compare the relativistic electron fluxes measured simultaneously at different local times. We find that the >2-MeV electron fluxes increased first at noon followed by dusk and the? dawn and that there can be difference of two orders of magnitude in the fluxes observed at different local times. Finally, we discuss the development of data-driven models of the relativistic electron belts for space weather applications. By interpolating fluxes between satellites we produced a model that gives the >2-MeV electron fluxes at all local times as a function of universal time. In a first application of this model we show that, at least in this case, magnetopause shadowing does not contribute noticeably to relativistic electron dropouts. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. Aerosp Corp, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA. NOAA, Space Environm Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Max Planck Inst Aeron, Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. RP Reeves, GD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM reeves@lanl.gov; r.friedel@lanl.gov; rdbelian@lanl.gov; mmeier@lanl.gov; mghenderson@lanl.gov; tonsager@sec.noaa.gov; hsinger@sec.noaa.gov; baker@orion.colorado.edu; lix@kitron.colorado.edu; blake@dirac2.dnet.nasn.gov RI Friedel, Reiner/D-1410-2012; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011; Henderson, Michael/A-3948-2011 OI Friedel, Reiner/0000-0002-5228-0281; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098; Henderson, Michael/0000-0003-4975-9029 NR 14 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A8 BP 17559 EP 17570 DI 10.1029/97JA03236 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 107BV UT WOS:000075186700030 ER PT J AU Maurice, S Thomsen, MF McComas, DJ Elphic, RC AF Maurice, S Thomsen, MF McComas, DJ Elphic, RC TI Quiet time densities of hot ions at geosynchronous orbit SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOSPHERIC PLASMA ANALYZER; RING CURRENT; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; MAGNETIC STORM; DYNAMICS; MODEL; COLLISIONS; PARTICLES; SHEET AB Densities of hot (100 eV-40 keV) ions vary with local time at geosynchronous orbit. Typically, the density is maximum near midnight, falls off toward both terminators, and is minimum near noon. This local time dependence is routinely observed in the Los Alamos geosynchronous plasma data. We use a month of these data (June 1996) and a simple model of particle drifts within the magnetosphere to explore its origins. We first show that the nightside density profile is shaped according to the drift path topology: trapped orbits are depleted, and only particles drifting on open trajectories contribute to this population, particularly Then, we highlight spectral absorption in dayside fluxes, which occurs when the particles pass through the geocorona. A model of charge exchange accounts for the shape and energy range of the absorption for observations taken at times of low K-p. signatures observed at low K-p for varying pitch angles. The density absorption computed versus local time matches the observations. Hence these basic principles of particle motion in the terrestrial magnetosphere readily explain the local time dependence of the hot ion density at geosynchronous orbit. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Maurice, S (reprint author), Observ Midi Pyrenees, Astrophys Lab, 14 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France. NR 41 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A8 BP 17571 EP 17585 DI 10.1029/98JA00291 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 107BV UT WOS:000075186700031 ER PT J AU Borovsky, JE Thomsen, MF Elphic, RC AF Borovsky, JE Thomsen, MF Elphic, RC TI The driving of the plasma sheet by the solar wind SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID LATITUDE BOUNDARY-LAYER; SELF-CONSISTENT THEORY; SUPERPOSED EPOCH ANALYSIS; VISCOELASTIC FLUID; CIRCULAR-CYLINDER; GEOMAGNETIC TAIL; ION COMPOSITION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS; MAGNETOSPHERIC CONVECTION AB The coupling of the plasma sheet to the solar wind is studied statistically using measurements from various satellite pairs: one satellite in the solar wind and one in either the magnetotail central plasma sheet or the near-Earth plasma sheet. It is found that the properties of the plasma sheet are highly correlated with the properties of the solar wind: specifically that (1) the density of the plasma sheet is strongly correlated with the density of the solar wind, (2) the temperature of the plasma sheet is strongly correlated with the velocity of the solar wind, (3) the particle pressure and total pressure of the plasma sheet are strongly correlated with the ram pressure of the solar wind, (4) B-y in the plasma sheet is strongly correlated with the B-y in the solar wind, (5) B-z in the plasma sheet is weakly correlated with the B-z in the solar wind, (6) E-y in the plasma sheet is weakly correlated with the E-y in the solar wind, and (7) plasma sheet earthward-tailward flow velocity is weakly anticorrelated with the solar wind velocity. After removing these solar wind dependencies, the dependencies of the properties of the plasma sheet on geomagnetic activity are reduced and changed. The time lags between the solar wind density and the plasma sheet density are investigated statistically and on a case-by-case basis; it is found that solar wind material reaches the midtail plasma sheet in similar to 2 hours, reaches the near-Earth nightside plasma sheet in similar to 4 hours, and reaches the dayside plasma sheet in similar to 15 hours. The pathway for mass transport into the plasma sheet is explored; it is suggested that solar wind material is transported rapidly up the tail to the near-Earth region via the plasma sheet boundary layer, followed by poloidal transport via (E) over right arrow x (B) over right arrow convection in the near-Earth (low beta) plasma sheet or followed by eddy diffusion in the not-too-distant (high beta) plasma sheet. Analogies are drawn between the high Reynolds number plasma sheet and a high Reynolds number fluid wake. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Borovsky, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, Mail Stop D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jborovsky@lanl.gov NR 142 TC 247 Z9 249 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A8 BP 17617 EP 17639 DI 10.1029/97JA02986 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 107BV UT WOS:000075186700034 ER PT J AU Wilken, B Zong, QG Doke, T Mukai, T Yamamoto, T Reeves, GD Maezawa, K Kokubun, S Ullaland, S AF Wilken, B Zong, QG Doke, T Mukai, T Yamamoto, T Reeves, GD Maezawa, K Kokubun, S Ullaland, S TI Substorm activity on January 11, 1994: Geotail observations in the distant tail during the leading phase of a corotating interaction region SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FLUX ROPES; SOLAR-WIND; PLASMA SHEET; GEOMAGNETIC-ACTIVITY; ION COMPOSITION; MAGNETOTAIL; ENHANCEMENTS; AU; SPACECRAFT; PIONEER-10 AB On January 11, 1994 an interplanetary corotating interaction region (CIR) passed the Earth's magnetosphere (final phase of solar cycle 22). Groundbased magnetometers, geosynchronous satellites, and Geotail (GSE -91, 15.5 and -3.5 R-E), in or near the plasma sheet at the dusk flank of the magnetotail, detected a series of disturbances throughout this day, which culminated in the development of an isolated substorm between 1400 and 1710 UT (event 2). Small substorm activity early in the day (event 1) produced an energetic particle population with rather normal composition (relative helium abundance 10%). The CIR-related high-speed stream started to interact with the magnetosphere at about midday, which appears to have contributed to the initiation of the major substorm at 1400 UT (event 2). A geosynchronous Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) satellite at 2100 LT detected a rapid flux dropout for electrons at 1400 UT followed by a transient recovery around 1500 UT. The main injection phase, which started at 1551 UT, resulted in a massive electron Aux increase. Throughout the 120-min long growth phase of this substorm the energetic particle spectrometer (HEP-LD) on board Geotail measured a rather slow flux buildup for protons and helium ions in the distant plasma sheet (PS). The azimuthal angular distributions showed only very small anisotropies in this phase. An unusual feature is the high helium abundance of 26% compared to about 10% normally found in the magnetosphere. After the onset of the electron injection at 6.6 R-E, HEP-LD observed the appearance of tailward beams of energetic protons and helium ions (relative helium abundance 26%) in the PS/plasma sheet boundary layer (PSBL) and oxygen ions in the central plasma sheet (CPS). The oxygen ions were delayed by 27 min relative to the P/He beam. Plasmoid-like structures in the magnetic field accompanied the streaming ions. The synoptic observations in the geostationary orbit and in the distant tail suggest a source location at X=-50 R-E (near-Earth neutral line (NENL)) for this substorm. Substorm-related extraction of oxygen ions from the polar ionosphere and subsequent drift to the acceleration region (NENL) can explain the observed delay for these ions. event 3, the last disturbance of the day, started at 2000 UT and lasted until 2300 UT. The proton/helium population was again broad in angular distribution and helium-rich in composition (20.7%) but the geostationary/distant tail association is less dynamic. The appearance of accelerated helium-rich energetic plasmas in event 2 and 3, confined to the plasma sheet and absent in the lobes, is most likely a result of the arrival of solar wind plasma with an enhanced helium content, which gained access to the magnetosphere shortly before or during the growth phase of the event 2 substorm. Helium-rich solar wind compositions are frequently observed in CIR events. C1 Max Planck Inst Aeron, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Ctr Sci & Engn, Tokyo 169, Japan. Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 229, Japan. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 46401, Japan. Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Toyokawa, Aichi 442, Japan. Univ Bergen, Dept Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. RP Wilken, B (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Aeron, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. RI Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011 OI Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098 NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A8 BP 17671 EP 17689 DI 10.1029/98JA00673 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 107BV UT WOS:000075186700037 ER PT J AU Kamide, Y Baumjohann, W Daglis, IA Gonzalez, WD Grande, M Joselyn, JA McPherron, RL Phillips, JL Reeves, EGD Rostoker, G Sharma, AS Singer, HJ Tsurutani, BT Vasyliunas, VM AF Kamide, Y Baumjohann, W Daglis, IA Gonzalez, WD Grande, M Joselyn, JA McPherron, RL Phillips, JL Reeves, EGD Rostoker, G Sharma, AS Singer, HJ Tsurutani, BT Vasyliunas, VM TI Current understanding of magnetic storms: Storm-substorm relationships SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID CORONAL MASS EJECTA; GREAT GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; SOLAR-WIND; RING-CURRENT; SEMIANNUAL VARIATION; PLASMA SHEET; CURRENT DISRUPTION; DECLINING PHASE; FIELD LINES; MAGNETOSPHERE AB This paper attempts to summarize the current understanding of the storm/substorm relationship by clearing up a considerable amount of controversy and by addressing the question of how solar wind energy is deposited into and is dissipated in the constituent elements that are critical to magnetospheric and ionospheric processes during magnetic storms. (1) Four mechanisms are identified and discussed as the primary causes of enhanced electric fields in the interplanetary medium responsible for geomagnetic storms. It is pointed out that in reality, these four mechanisms, which are not mutually exclusive, but interdependent, interact differently from event to event. Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and corotating interaction regions (CIRs) are found to be the primary phenomena responsible for the main phase of geomagnetic storms. The other two mechanisms, i.e., HILDCAA (high-intensity, long-duration continuous auroral electrojet activity) and the so-called Russell-McPherron effect, work to make the ICME and CIR phenomena more geoeffective. The solar cycle dependence of the various sources in creating magnetic storms has yet to be quantitatively understood. (2) A serious controversy exists as to whether the successive occurrence of intense substorms plays a direct role hn the energization of ring current particles or whether the enhanced electric field associated with southward IMF enhances the effect of substorm expansions. While most of the Dst variance during magnetic storms can be solely reproduced by changes in the large-scale electric field in the solar wind and the residuals are uncorrelated with substorms, recent satellite observations of the ring current constituents during the main phase of magnetic storms show the importance of ionospheric ions. This implies that ionospheric ions, which are associated with the frequent occurrence of intense substorms, are accelerated upward along magnetic field lines, contributing to the energy density of the storm-time ring current. An apparently new controversy regarding the relative importance of the two processes is thus created. It is important to identify the role of substorm occurrence in the large-scale enhancement of magnetospheric convection driven by solar wind electric fields. (3) Numerical schemes for predicting geomagnetic activity indices on the basis of solar/solar wind/interplanetary magnetic field parameters continue to be upgraded, ensuring reliable techniques for forecasting magnetic storms under real-time conditions. There is a need to evaluate the prediction capability of geomagnetic indices on the basis of physical processes that occur during storm time substorms. (4) It is crucial to differentiate between storms and nonstorm time substorms in terms of energy transfer/conversion processes, i.e., mechanical energy from the solar wind, electromagnetic energy in the magnetotail, and again, mechanical energy of particles in the plasma sheet, ring current, and aurora. To help answer the question of the role of substorms in energizing ring current particles, it is crucial to find efficient magnetospheric processes that heat ions up to some minimal energies so that they can have an effect on the strength of the storm time ring current. (5) The question of whether the Dst index is an accurate and effective measure of the storm time ring current is also controversial. In particular, it is demonstrated that the dipolarization effect associated with substorm expansion acts to reduce the Dst magnitude, even though the ring current may still be growing. C1 Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Toyokawa 442, Japan. Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85740 Garching, Germany. Natl Observ Athens, Inst Ionospher & Space Res, Penteli 15236, Greece. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Inst Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Paulo, Brazil. NOAA, Space Environm Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NASA, Johnson Space Flight Ctr, Houston, TX 77059 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Max Planck Inst Aeron, D-37189 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. RP Kamide, Y (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Toyokawa 442, Japan. EM kamide@stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp; bj@mpe-garching.mpg.dr; daglis@creator.space.noa.gr; gonzalez@dge.inpe.br; M.Grande@rl.ac.uk; jjoselyn@sec.noaa.gov; rmcpherron@igpp.ucla.edu; JLPhilli@ems.jsc.gov; reeves@lanl.gov; rostoker@space.ualberta.ca; ssh@avl.umd.edu; hsinger@sec.noaa.gov; btsurutani@jplsp.jpl.nasa.gov; vasyliunas@linaxl.mpae.gwdg.de RI Baumjohann, Wolfgang/A-1012-2010; Daglis, Ioannis/L-6100-2013; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011; Grande, Manuel/C-2242-2013 OI Baumjohann, Wolfgang/0000-0001-6271-0110; Daglis, Ioannis/0000-0002-0764-3442; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098; Grande, Manuel/0000-0002-2233-2618 NR 153 TC 200 Z9 202 U1 3 U2 36 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A8 BP 17705 EP 17728 DI 10.1029/98JA01426 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 107BV UT WOS:000075186700040 ER PT J AU Hunter, KS Wang, YF Van Cappellen, P AF Hunter, KS Wang, YF Van Cappellen, P TI Kinetic modeling of microbially-driven redox chemistry of subsurface environments: coupling transport, microbial metabolism and geochemistry SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE biodegradation kinetics; redox chemistry; reactive transport; microbial activity; subsurface environment ID BIODEGRADABLE ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; MULTICOMPONENT REACTIVE TRANSPORT; SULFATE REDUCTION; IN-SITU; MANGANESE REDUCTION; AQUITARD SEDIMENTS; LANDFILL LEACHATE; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; AEROBIC AQUIFER; SOUTH-CAROLINA AB This paper deals with the treatment of subsurface environments as reactive biogeochemical transport systems. We begin with an overview of the effects of microbial activity on the chemical dynamics in these environments. Then, after a review of earlier modeling efforts, we introduce a one-dimensional, multi-component reactive transport model that accounts for the reaction couplings among the major redox and acid-base elements, O, C, H, N, S, Mn, Fe and Ca. The model incorporates kinetic descriptions for the microbial degradation pathways of organic matter, as well as for the secondary redox reactions and mineral precipitation-dissolution reactions. Local equilibrium only applies to fast homogeneous speciation reactions and sorption processes. The model is used to simulate the distributions of chemical species and reaction rates along flow paths in two subsurface environments. In the first case, waters containing moderate levels of natural soil-derived organics supply a regional groundwater system. In the second case, a pristine aquifer is contaminated by an organic-rich leachate from a landfill. In both environments, the microbial oxidation of organic matter causes the disappearance of dissolved and solid oxidants and the appearance of reduced species, albeit over very different spatial scales. In the second case, a pronounced reaction front develops at the downstream edge of the contaminant plume. The reactivity, or biodegradability, of the organic matter is shown to be a major factor governing the biogeochemical dynamics in the plume. The simulations predict different distributions of the biodegradation pathways, depending on whether the organics of the leachate have uniform or variable reactivity. The secondary reactions also have a significant impact on the concentration profiles of inorganic species and the spatial distributions of the biodegradation pathways. Within the downstream reaction front, large fractions of O-2, Mn(IV), Fe(III) and SO42- are reduced by secondary reactions, rather than being utilized in the oxidative degradation of leachate organics, overall, the model simulations emphasize the strong coupling between subsurface heterotrophic activity and an extensive network of secondary reactions. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. RP Hunter, KS (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RI Van Cappellen, Philippe/A-2906-2013 OI Van Cappellen, Philippe/0000-0001-5476-0820 NR 94 TC 199 Z9 203 U1 8 U2 100 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 209 IS 1-4 BP 53 EP 80 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00157-7 PG 28 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 134KJ UT WOS:000076741900004 ER PT J AU Johnson, JW Knauss, KG Glassley, WE DeLoach, LD Tompson, AFB AF Johnson, JW Knauss, KG Glassley, WE DeLoach, LD Tompson, AFB TI Reactive transport modeling of plug-flow reactor experiments: quartz and tuff dissolution at 240 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE reactive transport; modeling; plug-flow reactor; kinetic data; kinetic rate law ID SOLUTION SATURATION STATE; ALBITE-WATER SYSTEM; FELDSPAR DISSOLUTION; PRECIPITATION KINETICS; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS; PH; 25-DEGREES-C; 80-DEGREES-C; DEPENDENCE; 300-DEGREES-C AB Extension of reactive transport modeling to predict the coupled thermal, hydrological, and chemical evolution of complex geological systems is predicated on successful application of the approach to simulate well-constrained physical experiments. In this study, steady-state effluent concentrations and dissolution/precipitation features associated with crushed quartz and tuff dissolution at 240 degrees C have been determined experimentally using a plug-flow reactor (PFR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques, then modeled with the reactive transport simulator GIMRT (Steefel and Yabusaki, 1996) using a linear rate law from transition State theory (TST). For quartz dissolution, interdependence of the specific surface area (A(m)) and reaction rate constant (k(m)) predicted from the modeling agrees closely with that obtained from an analytical solution to the reaction-transport equation without diffusion/dispersion, verifying the advection-dominant nature of the PFR experiments. Independently-determined A(qtz) and k(qtz) from the literature are shown to be internally consistent with respect to the model and analytical interdependence, implying appropriateness of the linear TST rate law and adequacy of BET-determined A, for use in modeling PFR experiments. Applications of this integrated approach for monomineralic dissolution include assessment of internal consistency among independent A(m) and k(m) data, estimation of k(m) from BET-determined A(m), and rapid evaluation of alternative rate laws. For such dissolution, accurate simulation of the experimental steady-state effluent concentrations (to within 3% for Na, Al and K; to within 15% for Si and Ca) and dearth of alteration phases (<1 vol.% in the model) defines minimum supersaturation thresholds for nucleation of primary minerals (to suppress their secondary precipitation) and the (non-unique) relative k(m) of hydrous aluminosilicates. For such multicomponent, multiphase experiments, reactive transport simulators provide the only practical means of estimating and constraining these kinetic parameters. Despite the approximations and uncertainties inherent in present-day models, close agreement between the experimental and simulation results reported herein provides an important measure of confidence for extending the modeling approach to address increasingly complex systems for which development of experimental analogs is impractical or impossible. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geosci & Environm Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Johnson, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geosci & Environm Technol Div, L-219, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI knauss, kevin/K-2827-2012 NR 41 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 209 IS 1-4 BP 81 EP 111 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00159-0 PG 31 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 134KJ UT WOS:000076741900005 ER PT J AU Szecsody, JE Zachara, JM Chilakapati, A Jardine, PM Ferrency, AS AF Szecsody, JE Zachara, JM Chilakapati, A Jardine, PM Ferrency, AS TI Importance of flow and particle-scale heterogeneity on Co(II/III)EDTA reactive transport SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE solute transport; mathematical models; organic compounds; radioactive isotopes; trace metals ID ADSORBING SOLUTE TRANSPORT; POROUS-MEDIA; IRON-OXIDE; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; DISSOLUTION KINETICS; SORPTIVE SOLUTE; EDTA COMPLEXES; MASS ARRIVAL; ADSORPTION; COBALT AB The effect of flow and particle-scale heterogeneity on the applicability of batch-derived reaction networks for Co(II/III)EDTA interaction with synthetic and natural Fe oxide-containing subsurface sediments was evaluated using batch and column systems. At pH 4.5 and 6.5, Co(II)EDTA reactions with sediments involved adsorption (within 0.2 to 2 h), followed by iron dissolution, forming Co2+ and Fe(III)EDTA (within 10 to 300 h) and oxidation, forming Co(III)EDTA (within 5 to 50 h). Reaction parameters that were based upon numerous batch experiments, in some cases, poorly described reactive transport in columns. For five sediment/pH combinations, column breakthrough could be well described with systematic change in some reaction parameters which included: slower metal-EDTA adsorption rates; a greater number of adsorption sites; slower iron dissolution; and faster oxidation. Additional simulations were used to determine the significance and uncertainty in determining these reaction parameters in the 15-reaction system with 22 species. Simulations that incorporated particle-scale heterogeneity with spatial distributions of adsorption site density, affinity, and rate could reproduce the column/batch trends that were observed, indicating that spatial averaging across reactive and nonreactive surface sites results in different single-valued reaction parameters needed to describe the column system as an equivalent porous media. The impact of solute advection and additional mass transfer in columns on accurately predicting column behavior with batch-derived parameters was not responsible for the batch to column disparity. This study demonstrates that while the nature of the reaction network (i.e. reaction identity and stoichiometry) is identical in batch and column systems, development of transport-relevant reaction parameters is needed for nonlinear reactions as particle-scale heterogeneities can significantly influence the apparent manifestation of the reaction network during advective flow. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Szecsody, JE (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 60 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 209 IS 1-4 BP 112 EP 136 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00114-0 PG 25 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 134KJ UT WOS:000076741900006 ER PT J AU Viswanathan, HS Robinson, BA Valocchi, AJ Triay, IR AF Viswanathan, HS Robinson, BA Valocchi, AJ Triay, IR TI A reactive transport model of neptunium migration from the potential repository at Yucca Mountain SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE unsaturated zone; geochemistry; radioactive waste disposal; Yucca Mountain; neptunium ID FINITE-ELEMENT METHODS; CLINOPTILOLITE; GROUNDWATER; SYSTEMS; CHLORIDE; SOILS; FLOW AB Characterization and performance assessment studies for the potential high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain have identified Np-237 as a radionuclide of concern for the proposed repository. To predict the migration of neptunium after a repository breach, an understanding of the relevant hydrologic and geochemical processes is required. The hydrologic flow in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain is dependent on the infiltration rate, the stratigraphy of the vadose zone, and the heat generated by the decaying radioactive waste. The geochemical processes that strongly affect Np-237 migration include: solubility-limited release of Np-237 from the near-field environment, aqueous speciation of neptunium into non-sorbing carbonate/hydroxy complexes and the sorbing NpO2+ cation, sorption of neptunium onto the zeolitic tuffs via an ion exchange mechanism, and radioactive decay. The finite element heat and mass transfer (FEHM) code was used to investigate the coupled effects of chemical interactions and heat on neptunium transport from the potential repository to the water table. The selective coupling method is introduced to solve these reactive transport problems. The simulations indicate that in the absence of irreversible changes in the hydrologic and transport properties, the heat pulse does not significantly affect the migration of neptunium, as the time scale of heat pulse propagation is shorter than the time scales associated with neptunium release and migration. Water chemistry, particularly pH, calcium, and sodium concentration significantly affect the retardation of neptunium by the zeolitic rocks between the repository and the water table. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Civil Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Robinson, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Robinson, Bruce/F-6031-2010 NR 65 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 209 IS 1-4 BP 251 EP 280 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00122-X PG 30 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 134KJ UT WOS:000076741900013 ER PT J AU Luo, H Beets, AL McAllister, MJ Greenbaum, M McPherson, DW Knapp, FFR AF Luo, H Beets, AL McAllister, MJ Greenbaum, M McPherson, DW Knapp, FFR TI Resolution, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of fluorine-18-labeled isomers of 1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl alpha-(1-fluoropent-5-yl)-alpha-hydroxy-alpha-phenylacetate (FQNPe) as new PET candidates for the imaging of muscarinic-cholinergic receptor. SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE muscarinic receptor; fluorine-18; 3-quinuclidinyl esters ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; HIGH-AFFINITY; 3-QUINUCLIDINYL BENZILATE; OPTICAL ISOMERS; HUMAN BRAIN; BINDING; ACETYLCHOLINE; SUBTYPES; ALPHA-HYDROXY-ALPHA-(1-IODO-1-PROPEN-3-YL)-ALPHA-PHENYLACETATE; HALOPERIDOL AB l-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl alpha-(1-fluoropent-5-yl)-alpha-hydroxy-alpha-phenylacetate (FQNPe, 2), an analogue of 1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl alpha,alpha-(diphenyl)-alpha-hydroxyacetate (QNB), was resolved into its four stereoisomers. In vitro binding assays of the stereoisomers of 2 demonstrated that while the (S,S)-isomer did not have significant receptor binding, the other stereoisomers of 2 bound with high affinity to the various mAChR subtypes [K-i, nM: m1, (R,R), 0.33; (R,S), 1.4; (S,R), 3.8; m2, (R,R), 0.1; (R,S), 4.2; (S,R), < 75% binding; m3, (R,R), 0.34; (R,S), 3.1; (S,R), 7.6]. The (R,R)- and (R,S)stereoisomers of 2 were radiolabeled with fluorine-18 via a two step procedure in radiochemical yields of 12-21% (n=2) and 9% (decayed corrected to beginning of synthesis), respectively. In vivo biodistribution studies demonstrated significant uptake of [F-18]-(R,R)-2 in cerebral mAChR-rich regions of rat brains up to 3 h post injection. Low accumulation of fluorine-18 in the bone indicated that [F-18]-(R,R)-2 displayed significant in vivo stability. In contrast. [F-18]-(R,S)-2 demonstrated rapid washout from all cerebral regions. Preinjection of (R)-QNB (3 mg/kg) 1 h prior to the injection of [F-18]-(R,R)-2 blocked the uptake of activity in cerebral regions by approximately 90% while the preinjection of haloperidol (3 mg/kg) 1 h prior to the injection of [F-18]-(R;R)2 demonstrated no statistically significant effect on the binding of the radiotracer. An ex vivo metabolic study utilizing [F-18]-(R,R)-2 demonstrated that greater than 96% of the organic soluble radioactivity which localized in the brain and heart at 1 h post-injection migrated on TLC with the same mobility as the parent. Although [F-18]-(R,R)-2 did not demonstrate a desired in vitro or in vivo mAChR subtype selectivity, these results suggest that the introduction of a fluoroalkyl group in various benzylic analogues of QNB is an attractive radiolabeling moiety for further evaluation in the design of selective PET mAChR imaging ligands. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Nucl Med Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Knapp, FFR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Nucl Med Grp, POB 2008,Bldg 4501,Mail Stop 6229, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 41 IS 8 BP 681 EP 704 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1344(1998080)41:8<681::AID-JLCR131>3.0.CO;2-Q PG 24 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 106FT UT WOS:000075119800001 ER PT J AU Qiu, SQ Bergeron, N Kotite, L Krauss, RM Bensadoun, A Havel, RJ AF Qiu, SQ Bergeron, N Kotite, L Krauss, RM Bensadoun, A Havel, RJ TI Metabolism of lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein B in hepatic lipase-deficient mice SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE apolipoprotein B-100; apolipoprotein B-48; apolipoprotein E; chylomicron remnants; intermediate density lipoproteins; low density lipoprotein size ID TRIGLYCERIDE-RICH LIPOPROTEINS; CHYLOMICRON REMNANTS; BLOOD-PLASMA; RAT-LIVER; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEINS; SERUM; HUMANS; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; ENDOCYTOSIS; INHIBITION AB Mice lacking hepatic lipase have been reported to express mild hyperlipidemia characterized by increased concentrations of large high density lipoproteins, but normal concentrations of lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein B, Whereas hepatic lipase has been implicated in the clearance and processing of chylomicron remnants in rats, no such defect was found in these mice, We have further characterized the abnormal lipoprotein phenotype in young hepatic lipase-deficient mice and have found more pronounced elevations of high density lipoproteins associated in particular with a 5-fold increase in plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein E, In addition, there was a reduction ire the concentration of low density lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein B-100 and B-48 relative to precursor lipoproteins of lower density and a pronounced deficiency of apolipoprotein B-containing low density lipoproteins with density exceeding 1.029 g/mL, Conversion of radiolabeled rabbit intermediate density Lipoproteins to low density lipoproteins was reduced by 6-fold as compared with wild-type mice. Although clearance of cholesteryl ester-labeled chylomicrons from the blood was unimpaired in the deficient mice, that of chylomicron remnants was reduced, Furthermore, endocytosis of chylomicron cholesteryl esters into liver cells occurred more rapidly than in wild-type mice, The unimpaired hepatic clearance of injected chylomicron particles in hepatic lipase-deficient mice may be the result of greater acquisition of apoE from high density lipoproteins during remnant formation. These studies thus demonstrate a critical role for mouse hepatic lipase in the formation of small, dense low density lipoproteins, as well as participation in the normal clearance and processing of chylomicron remnants. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Havel, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL14237, HL18574] NR 47 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 39 IS 8 BP 1661 EP 1668 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 107WH UT WOS:000075233600015 PM 9717727 ER PT J AU Golosov, DI Ruckenstein, AE AF Golosov, DI Ruckenstein, AE TI Transverse spin diffusion in a dilute spin-polarized degenerate Fermi gas SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ZERO-TEMPERATURE ATTENUATION; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; HE-3-HE-4 SOLUTIONS; DYNAMICS; LIQUIDS; FIELD; COEFFICIENTS; RELAXATION; SYSTEMS; WAVES AB We re-examine the calculation of the transverse spin-diffusion coefficient in ct dilute degenerate spin-polarized Fermi gas, for rite case of s-wave scattering. The special feature of this limit is that the dependence of the spin diffusion coefficient on temperature and field can be calculated explicitly with no further approximations. This exact solution uncovers a novel intermediate behaviour between the high field spin-rotation dominated regime in which D-perpendicular to proportional to H-2, D-parallel to proportional to T-2, and the low-field isotropic, collision dominated regime with D perpendicular to = D parallel to proportional to T-2. In this intermediate regime, D perpendicular to,parallel to proportional to T-2 but D perpendicular to not equal D parallel to. We emphasize that the low-field crossover cannot be described,within the relaxation time approximation. We also present an analytical calculation of the self-energy in the s-wave approximation for a dilute spin-polarized Fermi gas, at zero temperature. This emphasizes the failure of the conventional Fermi-liquid phase space arguments for processes involving spin? flips. We close by reviewing the evidence for. the existence of the intermediate regime in experiments on weakly spin-polarized He-3 and He-3-He-4 mixtures. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. RP Golosov, DI (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM golosov@control.uchicago.edu; andreir@physics.rutgers.edu NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 112 IS 3-4 BP 265 EP 301 DI 10.1023/A:1022693917461 PG 37 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 112EC UT WOS:000075480300006 ER PT J AU Pietrass, T Seydoux, R Pines, A AF Pietrass, T Seydoux, R Pines, A TI Surface selective H-1/Si-29 CP NMR by NOE enhancement from laser polarized xenon SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE optical pumping; Si-29 solid state NMR; spin polarization induced nuclear Overhauser effect; cross polarization ID CROSS-POLARIZATION; POLYMER SURFACE; XE-129; SPECTROSCOPY; SPINS AB The surface proton spin polarization created by the spin-polarization-induced nuclear Overhauser effect from optically polarized xenon can be transferred in a subsequent step by solid-state cross polarization to another nuclear spin species such as Si-29. The technique exploits the dipolar interactions of xenon nuclear spins with high gamma nuclei such as H-1, and is experimentally simpler than direct polarization transfer from Xe-129 to heteronuclei such as C-13 and Si-29. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. New Mexico Tech, Dept Chem, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Pietrass, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 20 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 133 IS 2 BP 299 EP 303 DI 10.1006/jmre.1998.1447 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 116WN UT WOS:000075748200008 ER PT J AU Minard, KR Guo, XL Wind, RA AF Minard, KR Guo, XL Wind, RA TI Quantitative H-1 MRI and MRS microscopy of individual V79 lung tumor spheroids SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE MR microscopy; tumor spheroids; metabolites ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MULTICELLULAR SPHEROIDS; NMR MICROSCOPY; TRANSFORMED-CELLS; SELF-DIFFUSION; CANCER-CELLS; INVIVO; RESOLUTION; P-31-NMR; SPECTRA AB In this Communication H-1 MRI and MRS microscopy experiments of individual V79 lung tumor spheroids with diameters between 550 and 650 mu m are reported. The results have been used to determine the T-1, T-2, and D values as well as the concentrations of water, total choline, creatine/phosphocreatine, and mobile lipids in the viable rims and in the necrotic centers. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wind, RA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 32 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 133 IS 2 BP 368 EP 373 DI 10.1006/jmre.1998.1493 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 116WN UT WOS:000075748200017 PM 9716481 ER PT J AU de Swiet, TM Tomaselli, M Hurlimann, MD Pines, A AF de Swiet, TM Tomaselli, M Hurlimann, MD Pines, A TI In situ NMR analysis of fluids contained in sedimentary rock SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE NMR; porous media; rocks; oil; MAS ID HIGH-RESOLUTION; CHEMICAL-SHIFT; WATER; CORES; MAS; OIL AB Limitations of resolution and absorption in standard chemical spectroscopic techniques have made it difficult to study fluids in sedimentary rocks. In this paper, we show that a chemical characterization of pore fluids may be obtained in situ by magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which is normally used for solid samples. H-1 MAS-NMR spectra of water and crude oil in Berea sandstone show sufficient chemical shift resolution for a straightforward determination of the oil/water ratio, (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP de Swiet, TM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 23 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 133 IS 2 BP 385 EP 387 DI 10.1006/jmre.1998.1459 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 116WN UT WOS:000075748200020 ER PT J AU Shi, YM Jiles, DC Ramesh, A AF Shi, YM Jiles, DC Ramesh, A TI Generalization of hysteresis modeling to anisotropic and textured materials SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ICM 97 Meeting CY 1997 CL CAIRNS, AUSTRALIA SP ICM DE hysteresis; anisotropy; texture; models ID FERROMAGNETIC HYSTERESIS AB A generalized model has recently been developed to incorporate the effects of anisotropy and texture into the description of hysteresis. It is shown that these two effects can be incorporated into the model simply through changes in the anhysteretic magnetization. In this paper, the new model is used to fit several sets of experimental hysteresis loops. The generalized model has been used to describe the magnetization curves of soft and especially hard magnetic materials. The latter normally exhibit high anisotropy and are often highly textured, which previously had made them difficult to model accurately within the confines of the restricted isotropic model. The results show significant improvement of the generalized model over the previous isotropic model. (C), 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jiles, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Jiles, David/H-9548-2012 NR 5 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 187 IS 1 BP 75 EP 78 DI 10.1016/S0304-8853(98)00104-8 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 101NX UT WOS:000074876000009 ER PT J AU Fang, X Jiles, DC Shi, Y AF Fang, X Jiles, DC Shi, Y TI Modeling of magnetic properties of Nd-Dy-Fe-B particulate composites with different compacting processes SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ICM 97 Meeting CY 1997 CL CAIRNS, AUSTRALIA SP ICM DE Nd-Dy-Fe-B magnets; hysteresis modeling; permanent magnets ID COERCIVITY; HYSTERESIS; PARTICLES AB Nd-Fe-B hard magnetic materials have been investigated intensively in recent years because of their high coercivities and maximum energy products. In this study we have examined tl-le properties of the quaternary alloy Nd-Dy-Fe-B. Experiments revealed the underlying magnetic properties of these samples and these have been related to a theoretical model of the magnetization process. Samples were prepared in the form of particles either in the free state, in a randomly oriented state or in a field-oriented state obtained from solidification under an external field. Modeling results and microstructure analysis showed that compacting process strongly influenced the final magnetic properties through the change in the coupling coefficient resulting from one- or two-dimensional couplings among the particles which were totally different from those of the same materials in bulk state. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jiles, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Jiles, David/H-9548-2012 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 187 IS 1 BP 79 EP 82 DI 10.1016/S0304-8853(98)00103-6 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 101NX UT WOS:000074876000010 ER PT J AU Dobson, FS Chesser, RK Hoogland, JL Sugg, DW Foltz, DW AF Dobson, FS Chesser, RK Hoogland, JL Sugg, DW Foltz, DW TI Breeding groups and gene dynamics in a socially structured population of prairie dogs SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE allozymes; breeding groups; demography; gene dynamics; pedigrees; black-tailed prairie dogs ID CYNOMYS-LUDOVICIANUS; SUBDIVIDED POPULATIONS; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; MATING SYSTEMS; F-STATISTICS; FLOW; DIVERSITY; DISPERSAL; MAMMALS; PHILOPATRY AB Genetic substructuring of a colony of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) was examined using three different sources of information: allozyme alleles, pedigrees, and demography (a "breeding-group" model based on mating and dispersal patterns). Prairie dogs and their social breeding groups (called "coteries") were studied under natural conditions during a 15-year period. Prairie-dog coteries exhibited substantial genetic differentiation, with 15-20% of the genetic variation occurring among coteries. Mating patterns within the colony approximated random mating, and, thus, mates tended to originate from different coteries. Social groups of black-tailed prairie dogs resulted in genetic substructuring of the colony, a conclusion that was supported by estimates from allozyme alleles and colony pedigrees. Predictions of the breeding-group model also were consistent with and supported by estimates from allozyme and pedigree data. Some methodological problems were revealed during analyses. Although individuals of all ages usually are pooled for biochemical estimates of among-group genetic differentiation, our estimates of among-coterie variation from allozyme data were somewhat higher for young than for older prairie dogs, perhaps due to sampling effects caused by mating patterns and infanticide of offspring. Pedigree estimates of among-coterie genetic differentiation were significantly positive for young prairie dogs, adult females, and adult males. Those estimates were always more accurate for the offspring generation, however because pedigree data were always more complete for young and genetic differences among coteries were diluted by virtually complete dispersal of males away from their natal coteries. C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Zool & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Maryland, Appalachian Environm Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Zool & Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Dobson, FS (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Zool & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RI Hoogland, John/B-3950-2015 NR 40 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MAMMALOGISTS PI PROVO PA BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV, DEPT OF ZOOLOGY, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 0022-2372 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 79 IS 3 BP 671 EP 680 DI 10.2307/1383079 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 114TJ UT WOS:000075624900002 ER PT J AU Chesser, RK AF Chesser, RK TI Relativity of behavioral interactions in socially structured populations SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE social behavior; evolution; genetics; F-statistics; mating systems; polygyny ID KIN SELECTION; SUBDIVIDED POPULATIONS; EFFECTIVE SIZES; GENE DIVERSITY; PRAIRIE DOGS; ORGANIZATION; INFANTICIDE; PHILOPATRY; EVOLUTION; DISPERSAL AB Mammals form a variety of inter-individual associations within populations. Because associations between individuals usually are typified by different degrees of genetic correlations within and among groups, evolution of behaviors appropriate ro each type will differ also. I reviewed alternative types of behavior and examined conditions favorable for the evolution of social groups. F-statistics are fundamental to evolution of social behaviors and estimation of spatial and temporal dynamics of gene frequencies. Therefore, mating and dispersal tactics within populations establish the genetic background which, in turn, influences selection of other behavioral characteristics. Because evolution of social behaviors is relative to proportions of gene diversity among groups, conditions favoring evolutionary change may remain relatively constant despite continuous losses in genetic variance over time. Evolution of spite and behaviors favoring family groups may be limited by low reproductive rates in many mammals. Low reproductive potential also may be a primary reason that many mammalian social groupings are formed among offspring of related families. Mating behaviors most conducive to the formation of inter-family social groups are discussed. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Chesser, RK (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 51 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MAMMALOGISTS PI PROVO PA BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV, DEPT OF ZOOLOGY, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 0022-2372 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 79 IS 3 BP 713 EP 724 DI 10.2307/1383082 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 114TJ UT WOS:000075624900005 ER PT J AU Serfass, TL Brooks, RP Novak, JM Johns, PE Rhodes, OE AF Serfass, TL Brooks, RP Novak, JM Johns, PE Rhodes, OE TI Genetic variation among populations of river otters in North America: Considerations for reintroduction projects SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE Lontra canadensis; river otter; population genetics; reintroduction ID GENIC VARIABILITY; LUTRA-CANADENSIS; LARGE MAMMALS; DIFFERENTIATION; MARTEN AB Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to assess variability at 23 presumptive gene loci of 732 river otters obtained from fur-trappers in 18 states and three Canadian provinces. States and provinces providing otters were sorted into eight geographic regions for genetic comparisons. Multilocus heterozygosity and polymorphism ranged from 0.018 to 0.032 and 0.044 to 0.087, respectively. One locus, esterase-2, (EST-2) demonstrated a high level of polymorphism throughout all regions. Malate dehydrogenase-1 (MDH-1) was polymorphic throughout the Mississippi drainage but not elsewhere. Heterozygosity, occurrence of rare alleles, and mean number of alleles per locus were associated positively with estimated population sizes. Average heterozygosity and polymorphism values for otters within regions were lower than overall averages reported for mammals but similar to the range of those observed in other mammalian carnivores. Patterns of gene flow suggested by the distribution of polymorphism at the MDH-1 locus do not concur with the current taxonomic classification of river otters. Levels of genetic variation detected in this investigation present a positive outlook for the maintenance of genetic diversity in river otter populations, if sound management principles are applied for reintroductions. C1 Frostburg State Univ, Dept Biol, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. Penn State Univ, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. RP Serfass, TL (reprint author), Frostburg State Univ, Dept Biol, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. NR 44 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER SOC MAMMALOGISTS PI PROVO PA BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV, DEPT OF ZOOLOGY, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 0022-2372 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 79 IS 3 BP 736 EP 746 DI 10.2307/1383084 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 114TJ UT WOS:000075624900007 ER PT J AU Pang, Y Li, J Barton, TJ AF Pang, Y Li, J Barton, TJ TI Processible poly[(p-phenyleneethynylene)-alt-(2,5-thienyleneethynylene)]s of high luminescence: their synthesis and physical properties SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; DETECTED MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; DERIVATIVES; BLUE AB Several alternating copolymers, poly[(p-phenyleneethynylene)-alt-(2,5-thienyleneethynylene)]s (PPETEs), have been synthesized by using a Heck-type coupling reaction under mild conditions. The polymers are characterized by using H-1 and C-13 NMR, UV-VIS absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. PPETEs produced under the mild conditions exhibit longer conjugation length (ca. 10 nm in UV-VIS absorption lambda(max)) than the same polymers synthesized at high temperature. The chain rigidity of the copolymers is moderate with Mark-Houwink constant alpha = 0.82-0.94, which is moderately higher than PTE 2 (alpha = 0.68) but significantly lower than PPE 3 (alpha = 1.92). The PL quantum efficiencies of PPETE copolymers are found to be phi(f1) = 0.37-0.48, which is comparable to PPE homopolymers and much higher than for PTE (phi(f1) = 0.18). Synthesis of copolymer PPETE thus successfully combines both the high luminescence of PPE and good solubility of PTE into a single polymer chain. C1 Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Clark Atlanta Univ, Ctr High Performance Polymers & Composites, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Pang, Y (reprint author), Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. EM ypang@cau.edu NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0959-9428 J9 J MATER CHEM JI J. Mater. Chem. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 8 IS 8 BP 1687 EP 1690 DI 10.1039/a802032i PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 109MV UT WOS:000075327100003 ER PT J AU Narula, CK Allard, LF AF Narula, CK Allard, LF TI Novel zirconium nitride precursor: synthesis, decomposition pathway, and pyrolysis of [(CH3)(3)Si](2)NH center dot ZrCl4 SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TITANIUM NITRIDE; THIN-FILMS AB The reaction of hexamethyldisilazane with zirconium tetrachloride furnishes an adduct, [(CH3)(3)Si](2)NH . ZrCl4, which is soluble in dichloromethane. The decomposition of [(CH3)(3)Si](2)NH . ZrCl4 proceeds with the elimination of trimethylchlorosilane and hydrogen chloride and is complete at 600 degrees C. The resulting powder is amorphous zirconium nitride which is highly susceptible to hydrolysis and oxidation. The pyrolysis of the precursor in a dynamic vacuum or ammonia atmosphere at 600 degrees C and subsequent sintering of the powder at 900 degrees C furnishes crystalline zirconium nitride. Transmission electron microscopy of the powder shows that the particles are coated with a thin zirconium oxide layer. Crystalline zirconium nitride powder, free from zirconium oxide impurities, is obtained if the sintering is carried out at 1075 degrees C. C1 Ford Motor Co, Dept Chem, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Narula, CK (reprint author), Ford Motor Co, Dept Chem, POB 2053,MD 3083, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. EM cnarula@ford.com NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0959-9428 J9 J MATER CHEM JI J. Mater. Chem. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 8 IS 8 BP 1881 EP 1884 DI 10.1039/a802864h PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 109MV UT WOS:000075327100034 ER PT J AU Zanoria, ES Watkins, TR Breder, K Riester, L Bashkansky, M Reintjes, J Sun, JG Ellingson, WA Blau, PJ AF Zanoria, ES Watkins, TR Breder, K Riester, L Bashkansky, M Reintjes, J Sun, JG Ellingson, WA Blau, PJ TI Assessment of techniques for characterizing the surface quality of ground silicon nitride SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE grinding; silicon nitride; surface characterization; surface wear ID SUBSURFACE DEFECT DETECTION; RESIDUAL-STRESS; CERAMICS; DAMAGE AB This study evaluates techniques used to detect and quantify the extent of surface and subsurface damage in ground silicon nitride, Specimens of two differently ground surfaces of a hot isostatically pressed (HIP) silicon nitride, commercially designated as GS-44, were subjected to six types of analyses, namely mechanical stylus profiling, atomic force microscopy, point-counting analysis of fragmentation pits, laser-light scattering, optical gating, and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction (GIXD), The results of these investigations are compared and discussed. The techniques providing the dearest correlations with grinding conditions were mechanical stylus roughness, fragmentation analysis, and GIXD (residual stress conditions). Those that exhibited some correlation but appear to require more work to develop a reliable evaluation method were laser scattering and optical gating, Atomic force microscopy was useful, but not as a routine investigative tool for quality control in ceramic machining. The techniques that appear to have the most near-term potential for routine use are fragmentation analysis and optical gating, Laser-based optical scattering exhibits potential for routine application, but, more development is needed for its commercialization. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zanoria, ES (reprint author), Caterpillar Inc, PPG, Peoria, IL 61656 USA. RI Watkins, Thomas/D-8750-2016 OI Watkins, Thomas/0000-0002-2646-1329 NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 4 BP 533 EP 547 DI 10.1361/105994998770347693 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 106DW UT WOS:000075115500013 ER PT J AU Keblinski, P Wolf, D Phillpot, SR Gleiter, H AF Keblinski, P Wolf, D Phillpot, SR Gleiter, H TI Role of bonding and coordination in the atomic structure and energy of diamond and silicon grain boundaries SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; TWIST; TILT; SURFACE; FILMS; GERMANIUM; STABILITY AB The high-temperature equilibrated atomic structures and energies of large-unit-cell grain boundaries (GB's) in diamond and silicon are determined by means of Monte-Carlo simulations using Tersoff's potentials for the two materials, Silicon provides a relatively simple basis for understanding GB structural disorder in a purely sp(3) bonded material against which the greater bond stiffness in diamond combined with its ability to change hybridization in a defected environment from sp(3) to sp(2) can be elucidated. We find that due to the purely sp(3)-type bonding in Si, even in highly disordered, high-energy GB's at least 80% of the atoms are fourfold coordinated in a rather dense confined amorphous structure. By contrast, in diamond even relatively small bond distortions exact a considerable price in energy that favors a change to sp(2)-type local bonding; these competing effects translate into considerably more ordered diamond GB's; however, at the price of as many as 80% of the atoms being only threefold coordinated. Structural disorder in the Si GB's is therefore partially replaced by coordination disorder in the diamond GB's. In spite of these large fractions of three-coordinated GB carbon atoms, however, the three-coordinated atoms are rather poorly connected amongst themselves, thus likely preventing any type of graphite-like electrical conduction through the GB's. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Keblinski, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Phillpot, Simon/J-9117-2012; OI Phillpot, Simon/0000-0002-7774-6535 NR 47 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 2 U2 11 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 13 IS 8 BP 2077 EP 2099 DI 10.1557/JMR.1998.0292 PG 23 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 104AC UT WOS:000074989200009 ER PT J AU Isobe, T Toriyama, T Weeks, RA Zuhr, RA AF Isobe, T Toriyama, T Weeks, RA Zuhr, RA TI Chemical interaction between nitrogen and iron in silica glasses via sequential ion-implantation SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; FUSED-SILICA; MOSSBAUER; MARTENSITE; PARTICLES; CRYSTALS; FE2SIO4; OXIDES; MOMENT; FE16N2 AB Silica glass plates (Corning 7940 excimer grade) were implanted sequentially with N+ at 52 keV to different doses, ranging from 0 to 1.2 x 10(17) ions cm(-2), and then with Fe+ at 160 keV to 6 x 10(16) ions cm(-2) at room temperature and 4 mu A cm(-2). The intensity of ferromagnetic magnetic resonance (FMR) absorption and the magnetization calculated by the angular dependence of the FMR field reach maxima at an N/Fe atomic ratio similar to 0.2. Two peaks due to Fe 2p(3/2) electron are observed at 707.2 +/- 0.2 and 710.9 +/- 0.2 eV in the x-ray photoelectron spectra, The intensity of the former relative to the latter decreases with increasing the N dose, The conversion electron Mossbauer spectrum reveals the formation of superparamagnetic iron nitride as well as the existence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in silica when implanting N+ to 7.5 x 10(15) ions cm(-2) and then Fe-57(+) to 6 x 10(16) ions cm(-2) at N/Fe = 0.125. These results suggest that sequential ion-implantation of N+ and Fe+ produces iron nitride in silica glasses. C1 Keio Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Appl Chem, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223, Japan. Musashi Inst Technol, Dept Energy Sci & Engn, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 158, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Appl & Engn Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Isobe, T (reprint author), Keio Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Appl Chem, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223, Japan. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 13 IS 8 BP 2144 EP 2150 DI 10.1557/JMR.1998.0300 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 104AC UT WOS:000074989200017 ER PT J AU Vetrone, J Foster, CM Bai, GR Wang, A Patel, J Wu, X AF Vetrone, J Foster, CM Bai, GR Wang, A Patel, J Wu, X TI Growth, microstructure, and resistivity of RuO2 thin films grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SPUTTERED RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; BOTTOM ELECTRODES; CAPACITORS; FATIGUE; RESISTORS AB Polycrystalline RuO2 thin films were grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on both SiO2/Si(001) and Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si(001) substrates, Films having a controllable and reproducible structural texture and phase purity were synthesized by carefully controlling deposition parameters. Moderate growth temperatures (similar to 350 degrees C) and low growth rates (<30 Angstrom/min) produced highly (110)-textured RuO2 films. Highly (101)-textured RuO2 films were favored at slightly lower temperatures (similar to 300 degrees C) and much higher growth rates (>30 Angstrom/min). The most conductive RuO3 films had resistivities of 34 to 40 mu Omega-cm at 25 degrees C, an average grain size of 65 +/- 15 nm, and a surface roughness (rms) of 3 to 10 nm, Both single-phase Ru and mixed Ru/RuO2 phase material were also fabricated at low temperatures (<350 degrees C) by using lower oxygen flow concentrations (<10%). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Vetrone, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 35 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 13 IS 8 BP 2281 EP 2290 DI 10.1557/JMR.1998.0318 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 104AC UT WOS:000074989200035 ER PT J AU Lu, P Chu, F Jia, QX Mitchell, TE AF Lu, P Chu, F Jia, QX Mitchell, TE TI Microstructural characteristics of conductive SrRuO3 thin films formed by pulsed-laser deposition SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; FERROELECTRIC HETEROSTRUCTURES; YBA2CU3O7-X; JUNCTIONS; ELECTRODES; BARRIER AB Transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution electron microscopy have been used to study microstructural properties of conductive SrRuO3 films grown by pulsed laser deposition on (001) LaAlO3 and (001) SrTiO3 substrates. It was found that the SrRuO3 films deposited on both substrates consist of mixed domains of [001] and [110] orientations, with orientation relationships that can be described as (i) (001)(f) parallel to (001)(s) and [110](f) parallel to [100](s) and (ii) (110)(f) parallel to (001)(s) and [001](f) parallel to [100](s), respectively. The SrRuO3 films deposited on SrTiO3, in particular, were found to have a layered domain structure, with the [110] domain grown initially on the substate, followed by growth of the [001] oriented domain with increasing thickness. The films on SrTiO3 are strained and have a coherent interface with the substrate. The SrRuO3 films deposited on LaAlO3, on the other hand, contain a high density of structural defects such as stacking faults and microtwins on the (022) planes. Microtwins as large as 50 nm in thickness are observed in the films deposited on LaAlO3. Possible causes for the observed structural defects in the films are discussed. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lu, P (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 28 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 13 IS 8 BP 2302 EP 2307 DI 10.1557/JMR.1998.0321 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 104AC UT WOS:000074989200038 ER PT J AU Sugama, T AF Sugama, T TI Polyphenylenesulphide-sealed Ni-Al coatings for protecting steel from corrosion and oxidation in geothermal environments SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY AB Polyphenylenesulphide (PPS) polymer was applied as a sealing material to flame-sprayed nickel-aluminium (Ni-Al) coatings to protect the interior surfaces at the ends where the mild carbon steel (MCS) heat-exchanger tubes are jointed to the tubesheet. The aim of applying PPS is to prevent their corrosion, oxidation and abrasive wear, in a low pH, hypersaline brine geothermal environment at 200 degrees C under a hydrothermal pressure of 1.6 MPa. Although the Ni-Al coatings had an excellent thermal conductivity and a good wear-resistance, the inherent open structure of these coatings allowed the hot brine to permeate them easily under such pressure, causing the development of corrosion-induced stress cracks in the MCS. Furthermore, under these conditions, the coatings underwent oxidation with the formulation of Al2O3 as the major scale compound and NiO as the minor one. PPS sealant was used to solve these problems. However, one major drawback of PPS was its susceptibility to oxidation reaction with hot brine. This reaction not only incorporated more oxygen into the PPS, generating a sulphide --> sulphone transformation within PPS, but also it caused the decomposition of PPS, yielding polychloroaryl compound, and sodium sulphate, and also evolving SO, gases. The SO, gases had a chemical affinity for oxide scales in Ni-Al, forming water-soluble Al-2(SO4)(3) and NiSO4 salt reaction products at the PPS/Ni-Al interfaces. Despite the occurrence of such oxidation damage in PPS, an exposure for 14 days showed that there was no development of corrosion-caused cracks at the interfaces between the underlying steel and Ni-Al, nor was a striking oxidation of the sealed coating panels. (C) 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Energy Efficiency & Conservat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sugama, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Energy Efficiency & Conservat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM sugama@bnl.gov NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 33 IS 15 BP 3791 EP 3803 DI 10.1023/A:1004678831064 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 149DZ UT WOS:000077591000004 ER PT J AU Hsueh, CH Sun, EY Becher, PF Li, JB AF Hsueh, CH Sun, EY Becher, PF Li, JB TI Some considerations of asymmetric cracking in an applied-moment double cantilever beam SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WHISKER-REINFORCED ALUMINA; R-CURVE BEHAVIOR; MATRIX COMPOSITE AB In situ observations of crack propagation in applied-moment double cantilever beam specimens have been used to obtain the R-curve behaviour of Si3N4/50% BN-50% Al2O3 laminated composites, in which the BN-Al2O3 layers function as weak interphases. The crack plane and the crack direction were, respectively, normal and parallel to the plane of the laminated layers. During crack propagation, both delamination and crack deviation from the centreline of the specimen occurred. A deviated crack resulted in an uneven moment of inertia in the two beams of the specimen. For a non-laminated material, a deviated crack would become unstable, such that the crack would propagate towards the beam with the smaller moment of inertia. It was found in the present study that delamination in a laminated composite can stabilize the propagation of a deviated crack. The stabilization of a deviated crack with delamination was due to a decrease in the inequality in the moment of inertia of the two beams compared to that without delamination. (C) 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Hsueh, CH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 33 IS 15 BP 3891 EP 3898 DI 10.1023/A:1004628225130 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 149DZ UT WOS:000077591000016 ER PT J AU Biner, SB AF Biner, SB TI Stress states in RENi5 powders during hydrogen charging and discharging cycles SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION AB In this study, the evolution of the stress states in RENi5 particles during hydrogen charging and discharging cycles were investigated using coupled diffusion-deformation finite-element method analyses. The results indicate that large tensile stresses, of the order of 20-30% of the modulus of elasticity, develop in the particles even in the absence of both internal and external crack-like defects. The internal and external cracks behave differently from each other during hydrogen charging and discharging cycles. Therefore, the fracture resistance of the particles containing external cracks will be different from the particles having internal cracks. The disc-shaped particles, in addition to having faster charging-discharging cycles, may offer better resistance to fracture than the spherical particles. (C) 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Biner, SB (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 33 IS 15 BP 3935 EP 3943 DI 10.1023/A:1004640627855 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 149DZ UT WOS:000077591000021 ER PT J AU Biner, SB AF Biner, SB TI A numerical analysis of failure characteristics of ductile layers in laminated composites SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BRITTLE-MATRIX COMPOSITES; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; BEHAVIOR; REINFORCEMENT; CERAMICS; MOSI2; VOIDS AB In this study, the failure of the ductile layers from collinear, multiple and delaminating cracks that occur in laminated composite systems was studied using a constitutive relationship that accounts for strength degradation resulting from the nucleation and growth of voids. The results indicate that, in laminated composites, void nucleation and growth ahead of the cracks occur at a much faster rate because of evolution of much higher stress values in the interface region. Except for short crack extensions, collinear and multiple cracks develop crack resistance curves similar to that seen for a crack in the ductile layer material as a homogenous isotropic cases. For delaminating crack cases, the fracture behaviour is strongly influenced by the delamination length. The resistance of the ductile layers to crack extension can be significantly reduced by short delamination lengths; however, for large delamination lengths the resistance to crack extension becomes greater than that seen for the ductile material. The results also show that, if the crack tip is at the interface, similar maximum stress values develop in the ductile layers as in the fracture test of the same ductile material, suggesting that ductile-brittle fracture transition behaviour of the ductile layers is dependent upon the extent of the cracks in the brittle layers and fracture characteristics of the brittle layers. (C) 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Biner, SB (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM biner@ameslab.gov NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 33 IS 15 BP 3953 EP 3963 DI 10.1023/A:1004644728764 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 149DZ UT WOS:000077591000023 ER PT J AU Cohen, VI Zeeberg, BR Boulay, SF Sood, VK Rayeq, MR Danesh, RA McPherson, DW Reba, RC AF Cohen, VI Zeeberg, BR Boulay, SF Sood, VK Rayeq, MR Danesh, RA McPherson, DW Reba, RC TI In vivo competition studies of Z-(-,-)-[I-125]IQNP against 3-quinuclidinyl 2-(5-bromothienyl)-2-thienylglycolate (BrQNT) demonstrating in vivo m2 muscarinic subtype selectivity for BrQNT SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; muscarinic subtype neuroreceptors; PET; SPECT ID IODINE-125-LABELED 1-AZABICYCLO<2.2.2>OCT-3-YL ALPHA-HYDROXY-ALPHA-(1-IODO-1-PRO; EMISSION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; AUTORADIOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; RAT-BRAIN; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTORS; ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; ISOMERS; INVIVO; BINDING AB Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves selective loss of muscarinic m2, but not m1, subtype neuroreceptors in cortical and hippocampal regions of the human brain. Until recently, emission tomographic study of the loss of m2 receptors in AD has been limited by the absence of available m2-selective radioligands that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. We now demonstrate the in vivo m2 selectivity of an analog of (R)-QNB, 3-quinuclidinyl 2-(5-bromothienyl)-2-thienylglycolate (BrQNT), by dissection and autoradiographic studies of the in vivo inhibition of radioiodinated Z-1-azabicyclo [2.2.2]oct-3-yl alpha-hydroxy-alpha-(1-iodo-1-propen-3-yl)-alpha-phenyl- acetate (Z-(-,-)-[I-125]IQNP) binding by unlabeled BrQNT in rat brain. In the absence of BrQNT, Z-(-,-)[I-125]IQNP labels brain regions containing muscarinic receptors, with an enhanced selectivity for the m2 subtype. In the presence of 60-180 nmol of co-injected racemic BrQNT, Z-(-,-)-[I-125]IQNP labeling in those brain regions containing predominantly m2 subtype is reduced to background levels, while levels of radioactivity in areas not enriched in the m2 subtype do not significantly decrease. We conclude that BrQNT is m2-selective in vivo, and that [Br-76]BrQNT, or a radiofluorinated analog, may be of potential use in positron emission tomographic (PET) study of the loss of m2 receptors in AD. In addition, a radioiodinated analog may be of potential use in single photon emission tomographic (SPECT) studies. C1 George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Sect Radiopharmaceut Chem, Washington, DC 20037 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Med Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Sect, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Cohen, VI (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Sect Radiopharmaceut Chem, Walter G Ross Hall,2300 Eye St NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RI Sood, Vinay/B-7109-2008 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS22215] NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0895-8696 J9 J MOL NEUROSCI JI J. Mol. Neurosci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 11 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1385/JMN:11:1:1 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 139AH UT WOS:000077004900001 PM 9826782 ER PT J AU Parpura, V Tong, W Yeung, ES Haydon, PG AF Parpura, V Tong, W Yeung, ES Haydon, PG TI Laser-induced native fluorescence (LINF) imaging of serotonin depletion in depolarized neurons SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS LA English DT Article DE serotonin; native-fluorescence; UV imaging; retzius; leech ID IDENTIFIED LEECH NEURONS; MOTOR-NERVE TERMINALS; FROG NEUROMUSCULAR-JUNCTION; CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION; TRANSMITTER RELEASE; VESICLE TURNOVER; CULTURE; EXOCYTOSIS; CELLS AB Since certain neurotransmitters exhibit native fluorescence we call monitor this property to disclose intracellular changes that result from neurotransmitter release. Isolated Retzius neurons of the leech are known to release serotonin (5-HT) during depolarization. Using intensified CCD technology coupled with UV laser (305 nm) excitation we observed depolarization and calcium-dependent reductions in native fluorescence in the axon, as well as in the cortex of the cell body. When taken together with data obtained from single-cell capillary electrophoresis, we demonstrate that this laser-induced native fluorescence can be reliably used to study spatial and temporal changes in intracellular transmitter content that accompany calcium-dependent secretion. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Zool & Genet, Lab Cellular Signaling, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Lab Cellular Signaling, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Haydon, PG (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Zool & Genet, Lab Cellular Signaling, Rm 339 Sci 2, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM pghaydon@iastate.edu RI Parpura, Vladimir/A-1242-2010 OI Parpura, Vladimir/0000-0002-4643-2197 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS24233] NR 32 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0270 J9 J NEUROSCI METH JI J. Neurosci. Methods PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 82 IS 2 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1016/S0165-0270(98)00056-9 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 113LV UT WOS:000075553200004 PM 9700687 ER PT J AU Green, PF Barbour, JC AF Green, PF Barbour, JC TI Effect of homopolymer host chain relaxations on the translational diffusion of a diblock copolymer SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Discussion Meeting on Relaxations in Complex Systems CY JUN 30-JUL 11, 1997 CL VIGO, SPAIN SP J Non Crystalline Solids ID BLOCK COPOLYMERS; DYNAMICS; BLENDS; MELTS AB The effect of the dynamics of polystyrene (PS) host chains on the overall translational diffusion of a diblock copolymer of polystyrene and polymethacrylate (ps-b-pmma) of degree of polymerization, N-c = 262, was investigated. Measurements of the diffusion coefficient of the diblock copolymer, Dps-pmma, into PS hosts of varying molecular weight, P, were performed using forward recoil spectrometry. These diffusion coefficients were orders of magnitude less than those of PS chains of the same degree of polymerization diffusing into the same environments. While Dps-pmma(PS) was independent of P for P > 2 x 10(5), it increased for P < 2 x 10(5). These results are interpreted in light of constraint release models. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Texas Mat Inst, Dept Chem Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Green, PF (reprint author), Univ Texas, Texas Mat Inst, Dept Chem Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD AUG PY 1998 VL 235 BP 640 EP 644 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(98)00665-6 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 118LC UT WOS:000075838800105 ER PT J AU Totemeier, TC Pahl, RG Hayes, SL Frank, SM AF Totemeier, TC Pahl, RG Hayes, SL Frank, SM TI Characterization of corroded metallic uranium fuel plates SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB A brief background on the history of the corrosion of uranium metal fuel plates from the Zero Power Physics Reactor (ZPPR) and the findings of a recent characterization of the corrosion are presented. The characterization encompassed visual examination, metallography, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Corrosion of the plates has been observed essentially since their manufacture. The corrosion was found to have both general and localized forms. A black powder corrosion product associated with areas of localized attack was determined to be UH3, while the remainder of the corrosion product was UO2+x. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. RP Totemeier, TC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, POB 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. RI Frank, Steven/B-9046-2017; Hayes, Steven/D-8373-2017 OI Frank, Steven/0000-0001-8259-6722; Hayes, Steven/0000-0002-7583-2069 NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 256 IS 2-3 BP 87 EP 95 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(98)00448-6 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112KQ UT WOS:000075494200001 ER PT J AU Mauthe, RJ Sideras-Haddad, E Turteltaub, KW Bench, G AF Mauthe, RJ Sideras-Haddad, E Turteltaub, KW Bench, G TI Quantitative imaging microscopy for the sensitive detection of administered metal containing drugs in single cells and tissue slices - a demonstration using platinum based chemotherapeutic agents SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE cisplatin; carboplatin; nuclear microscopy; particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE); single cell analysis; quantitative metal detection ID NUCLEAR MICROPROBE; ZINC CONTENT; DNA ADDUCTS; RAT-KIDNEY; CISPLATIN; COPPER; BINDS; PIXE; NEPHROTOXICITY; MICROANALYSIS AB We describe the use of Nuclear microscopy (microbeam PIXE) for the quantitative micron scale analysis of platinum based chemotherapeutic agents in individual cells and tissue slices. We demonstrate that microbeam PIXE has the sensitivity and accuracy to quantitatively measure the uptake of the chemotherapeutic agent cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin) and monitor other endogenous metal contents in single cells in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Additionally, the technique can quantitatively image therapeutic levels of cisplatin and cisplatin analogs including cis-diammine[1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato]platinum(II) (carboplatin) in tissues from an animal model. This quantitative imaging microscopy has general application for the sensitive measurement of metal containing drugs/compounds at the cellular level and allows the study of cellular distribution and mechanism of action related to toxic response and cell function. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bench, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ESO9705] NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0731-7085 J9 J PHARMACEUT BIOMED JI J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 17 IS 4-5 BP 651 EP 663 DI 10.1016/S0731-7085(97)00225-2 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 102LQ UT WOS:000074926200006 PM 9682148 ER PT J AU Zhu, YT Peterson, EJ Baldonado, PS Coulter, JY Peterson, DE Mueller, FM AF Zhu, YT Peterson, EJ Baldonado, PS Coulter, JY Peterson, DE Mueller, FM TI Synthesis and characterization of the new compound EuBa4Cu3O8.5+delta SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Eu143, Rietveld refinement; crystal structure, space group, cuprate ID SYSTEM AB A new compound, EuBa4Cu3O8.5+delta (Eu143) was synthesized from precursors Eu2O3, BaO2 and CuO at 1000 degrees C in an oxygen atmosphere. The oxygen stoichiometric value delta was found to be 0.83 by iodometric titration. Rietveld refinement of X-ray powder diffraction data showed that the P23 space group yielded a better fit than the Pm3 space group. Pm3 has been found to give a satisfactory fit to X-ray and neutron diffraction data of other 143 compounds. An isotropic temperature factor for the O3 and O4 sites was also refined. Our refinement showed that Eul43 has a cubic unit cell with a lattice parameter of 8.1677 +/- 0.00004 Angstrom. SQUID measurement indicated that this new compound was not superconductive down to 4 K. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mueller, FM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, STC Mail Stop K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422 NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD AUG PY 1998 VL 59 IS 8 BP 1331 EP 1336 DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(98)00034-1 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 115CK UT WOS:000075645800023 ER PT J AU Alton, GD Beene, JR AF Alton, GD Beene, JR TI The Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory: Present status and future plans SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Physics with Radioactive Nuclear Beams CY JAN 12-17, 1998 CL PURI, INDIA SP Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Variable Energy Cyclotron Ctr, Calcutta, India, Govt India, Dept Sci & Technol AB The Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility is a first-generation national user facility for nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics research with radioactive ion beams (RIBs). The reconfiguration, construction and equipment-commissioning phases have been completed and the beam development programme is in progress. In this paper, descriptions of the facility and newly implemented experimental equipment for use in the nuclear and astrophysics programmes will be given and an outline of the initial experimental programme will be presented. Special target/ion source related problems, endemic to the production of specific short-lived RIBs will be discussed. In addition, plans, which involve either a 200 MeV or a 1 GeV proton-linac driver for a second-generation isotope separator on-line facility, will be presented. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Alton, GD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 11 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 24 IS 8 BP 1347 EP 1359 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/24/8/006 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 109MG UT WOS:000075325900006 ER PT J AU Cortina-Gil, MD Pakou, A Alamanos, N Mittig, W Roussel-Chomaz, P Auger, F Barrette, J Blumenfeld, Y Casandjian, JM Chartier, M Dietrich, F Fekou-Youmbi, V Fernandez, B Frascaria, N Gillibert, A Laurent, H Lepine-Szily, A Orr, N Pascalon, V Scarpaci, JA Sida, JL Suomijarvi, T AF Cortina-Gil, MD Pakou, A Alamanos, N Mittig, W Roussel-Chomaz, P Auger, F Barrette, J Blumenfeld, Y Casandjian, JM Chartier, M Dietrich, F Fekou-Youmbi, V Fernandez, B Frascaria, N Gillibert, A Laurent, H Lepine-Szily, A Orr, N Pascalon, V Scarpaci, JA Sida, JL Suomijarvi, T TI Charge-exchange reaction with light neutron-rich beams SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Physics with Radioactive Nuclear Beams CY JAN 12-17, 1998 CL PURI, INDIA SP Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Variable Energy Cyclotron Ctr, Calcutta, India, Govt India, Dept Sci & Technol ID GAMOW-TELLER STRENGTH; ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; HALO STRUCTURE; MODEL; SCATTERING; NUCLEUS AB The charge exchange reaction p(He-6, Li-6)n was studied in reverse kinematics with a secondary He-6 beam at 41.6 MeV/nucleon. The transitions connecting the ground states and the one leading from the ground state of 6He to its isobaric analogue state in 6Li have been measured and analysed. Their ratio is a measure of the relative strength of the two components of the exchange interaction, V-tau and V-sigma tau. No clear signature of a halo structure is found from this ratio, since it is found to be compatible with existing systematics for stable T = 1 nuclei. The sensitivity of the (p,n) charge exchange angular distributions to the nuclear interaction potential and to the rms radii of the density distribution of He-6 is studied. C1 GANIL, DSM, CEA, IN2P3,CNRS, F-14021 Caen, France. CEA, DSM, DAPNIA, SPHN Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. McGill Univ, Foster Radiat Lab, Montreal, PQ H3A 2B1, Canada. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. IPN, IN2P3, CNRS, F-91406 Orsay, France. DFN, IFUSP, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. ISMRA Univ Caen, LPC, F-1405 Caen, France. Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. RP Cortina-Gil, MD (reprint author), GSI Darmstadt, Postfach 110552, D-64220 Darmstadt, Germany. RI Lepine-Szily , Alinka/I-3325-2012; Cortina-Gil, Dolores/H-9626-2015 OI Lepine-Szily , Alinka/0000-0001-6640-8824; Cortina-Gil, Dolores/0000-0001-7672-9912 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 24 IS 8 BP 1547 EP 1552 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/24/8/032 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 109MG UT WOS:000075325900032 ER PT J AU Chang, SJ AF Chang, SJ TI Probability of fracture and life extension estimate of the high-flux isotope reactor vessel SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB The state of the vessel steel embrittlement as a result of neutron irradiation can be measured by its increase in ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT)for fracture, often denoted by RTNDT for carbon steel. This transition temperature can be calibrated by the drop-weight rest and, sometimes, by the Charpy impact test. The life extension for the high-flux isotope reactor (HFIR) vessel is calculated by using the method of fracture mechanics that is incorporated with the effect of the DBTT change. The failure probability of the HEIR vessel is limited as the life of the vessel by the reactor core melt probability of 10(-4). The operating safety of the reactor is ensured by periodic hydrostatic pressure test (hydrotest). The hydrotest is performed in order to determine a safe vessel static pressure. The fracture probability as a result of the hydrostatic pressure test is calculated and is used to determine the life of the vessel. Failure to perform hydrotest imposes the limit on the life of the vessel. The conventional method of fracture probability calculations such as that used by the NRC-sponsored PRAISE CODE and the FAVOR CODE developed in this Laboratory are based on the Monte Carlo simulation. Heavy computations are required. An alternative method of fracture probability calculation by direct probability integration is developed in this paper. The present approach offers simple and expedient ways to obtain numerical results without losing any generality. This approach provides a clear analytical expression on the physical random variables to be integrated, yet requires much less computation time. In this paper, numerical results on I) the probability of vessel fracture, 2) the hydrotest time interval, and 3) the hydrotest pressure as a result of the DBTT increase are obtained. Limiting the probabilities of the vessel fracture as a result of hydrotest to 10-4 implies that the reactor vessel life can be extended up to 50 EFPY (100 MW) with the minimum vessel operating temperature equal to 85 degrees F. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Res Reactors Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chang, SJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Res Reactors Div, MS 6399,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 1998 VL 120 IS 3 BP 290 EP 296 DI 10.1115/1.2842060 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 112TX UT WOS:000075511200013 ER EF