FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Rudolph, D Baktash, C Satula, W Dobaczewski, J Nazarewicz, W Brinkman, MJ Devlin, M Jin, HQ LaFosse, DR Riedinger, LL Sarantites, DG Yu, CH AF Rudolph, D Baktash, C Satula, W Dobaczewski, J Nazarewicz, W Brinkman, MJ Devlin, M Jin, HQ LaFosse, DR Riedinger, LL Sarantites, DG Yu, CH TI High-spin gamma-ray spectroscopy in the vicinity of Ni-56 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions CY JUN 02-06, 1997 CL GATLINBURG, TENNESSEE SP US DOE, US Natl Sci Fdn, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab ID NUCLEI; FE-54(10+); STATES; MOMENT; SHELL AB High-spin states of a number of nuclei near Ni-56 have been studied by means of the Si-28(Ar-36,x alpha ypzn) reaction. The GAMMASPHERE array in conjunction with light charged particle and neutron detectors were used to identify and cleanly select the fusion-evaporation products. In addition to significantly extending the level schemes of many previously known N = Z nuclei from Fe-52 to Cu-58, excited states in the one-neutron-hole nucleus Ni-55 and high-spin rotational bands in the vicinity of the doubly-magic Ni-56 have been established for the first time. Spherical-fp shell model and cranked Hartree-Fock calculations employing several Skyrme-type effective interactions have been used to interpret these data. The calculated moments of inertia of the rotational bands show considerable sensitivity to the details of the effective interactions. C1 Univ Munich, Sekt Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Rudolph, D (reprint author), Univ Munich, Sekt Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RI Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 16 PY 1998 VL 630 IS 1-2 BP 417C EP 425C PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ZG938 UT WOS:000073055100043 ER PT J AU Reviol, W Mueller, WF Riedinger, LL Smith, BH Carpenter, MP Fischer, SM Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Nisius, DT Seweryniak, D Moore, EF AF Reviol, W Mueller, WF Riedinger, LL Smith, BH Carpenter, MP Fischer, SM Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Nisius, DT Seweryniak, D Moore, EF TI Superdeformed shapes and configurations in thallium nuclei SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions CY JUN 02-06, 1997 CL GATLINBURG, TENNESSEE SP US DOE, US Natl Sci Fdn, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab ID BANDS; TRANSITIONS; STATES AB Superdeformation studies in Tl-189,Tl-191,Tl-192 Gammasphere are discussed. New results on Tl-191 are the observation of interband transitions between the signature partner E2 bands and the measurement of an average quadrupole moment (Q(0) = 18 +/- eb) for these superdeformed structures. These data enable us to derive absolute M1 strengths and confirm that the 81(st) proton occupies the [642]5/2 orbital. Tentative data for one superdeformed sequence in Tl-189 are consistent with the prediction of a decrease in quadrupole deformation for the lightest nuclei at the limit of this island of superdeformation. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Reviol, W (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 16 PY 1998 VL 630 IS 1-2 BP 434C EP 441C PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ZG938 UT WOS:000073055100045 ER PT J AU Ackermann, D Back, BB Betts, RR Carpenter, M Corradi, L Fischer, SM Ganz, R Gil, S Hackman, G Hofman, DJ Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Montagnoli, G Nanal, V Scarlassara, F Schlapp, M Seweryniak, D Stefanini, AM Wuosmaa, AH AF Ackermann, D Back, BB Betts, RR Carpenter, M Corradi, L Fischer, SM Ganz, R Gil, S Hackman, G Hofman, DJ Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Montagnoli, G Nanal, V Scarlassara, F Schlapp, M Seweryniak, D Stefanini, AM Wuosmaa, AH TI Spin distributions for Ni-64+Mo-100 with the Argonne Notre Dame BGO-array SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions CY JUN 02-06, 1997 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, US Natl Sci Fdn, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab ID COULOMB BARRIER; CROSS-SECTIONS; FUSION; EXCITATION; HEAVY AB The experimental representation of the fusion barrier distribution rom the second derivative, d(2)(E sigma(fus))/dE(2), was the basis for a series of precise measurements of the fusion excitation function. As an alternative approach, it has been proposed recently that the first derivative of the compound nucleus (CN) spin distribution is equivalent to d(2)(E sigma(fus))/dE(2). Multiplicity distributions for the reactions Ni-64+Mo-100 and S-32+Pd-110 have been measured making use of the Argonne/Notre Dame-EGO-array and GASP, respectively. In particular, the influence of fission on the high spin tail of the spin distribution and the consequences for the experimental representation of the distribution of barriers is discussed for Ni-64+Mo-100. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Phys, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ Padua, Dept Phys, Padua, Italy. RP Ackermann, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 16 PY 1998 VL 630 IS 1-2 BP 442C EP 448C PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ZG938 UT WOS:000073055100046 ER PT J AU Randrup, J AF Randrup, J TI DCC formation and observation in nucleus-nucleus collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions CY JUN 02-06, 1997 CL GATLINBURG, TENNESSEE SP US DOE, US Natl Sci Fdn, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab ID DISORIENTED CHIRAL CONDENSATE; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; HIGH-ENERGY; PHASE-TRANSITION; DOMAINS; FIELD; QCD AB High-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions may produce extended regions of space within which chiral symmetry is temporarily nearly restored. The subsequent non-equilibrium relaxation towards the normal vacuum may then produce disoriented chiral condensates: isospin-directed oscillations of the pion field. The conditions: for the occurrence of this navel phenomenon and some of its observational consequences are discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Randrup, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 16 PY 1998 VL 630 IS 1-2 BP 468C EP 477C PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ZG938 UT WOS:000073055100049 ER PT J AU Wong, CY AF Wong, CY TI Signatures of absorption mechanisms for J/psi and psi ' production in high-energy heavy-ion collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions CY JUN 02-06, 1997 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, US Natl Sci Fdn, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; SUPPRESSION; QCD; HADRON; MODEL AB J/psi and psi' produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions are absorbed by their collisions with nucleons and produced soft particles, leading to two distinct absorption mechanisms. The signature of absorption by produced soft particles, as revealed by psi' production data, consists of a gap and a change of the slope in going from the pA line to the nucleus-nucleus line when we make a semi-log plot of the survival probability as a function of the path length. Using this signature, we find from the J/psi production data in pA, O-Cu, O-U, and S-U collisions that the degree of J/psi absorption by produced soft particles is small and cannot account for the J/psi data in Pb-Pb collisions. The anomalous suppression of J/psi production in Pb-Pb collisions can be explained as due to the occurrence of a new phase of strong J/psi, absorption, which sets in when the local energy density exceeds about 3.4 GeV/fm(3). To probe the chemical content of the new phase, we propose to study the abundance of open-charm mesons and charm hyperons which depends sensitively on the quark chemical potential. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 16 PY 1998 VL 630 IS 1-2 BP 487C EP 498C PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ZG938 UT WOS:000073055100051 ER PT J AU Awes, TC AF Awes, TC CA WA98 Collaboration TI Collective flow as a probe of heavy-ion reaction dynamics SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions CY JUN 02-06, 1997 CL GATLINBURG, TENNESSEE SP US DOE, US Natl Sci Fdn, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab ID RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; AU+AU COLLISIONS; MASS DEPENDENCE; TRANSVERSE FLOW; DISAPPEARANCE; EXPANSION AB Collective flow of nuclear matter probes the dynamics of heavy-ion reactions and can provide information about the nuclear-matter equation of state. Ir. particular, the incident-energy dependence of collective flow may be a sensitive means to deduce the existence of a quark-gluon plasma phase in the equation of state. Collective-flow measurements from 30 A MeV to 200 A GeV incident energies are briefly reviewed. Preliminary results on collective flow from the WA98 experiment at the: CERN SPS are presented. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Awes, TC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 16 PY 1998 VL 630 IS 1-2 BP 499C EP 510C PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ZG938 UT WOS:000073055100052 ER PT J AU Chang, SH Coriano, C Field, RD Gordon, LE AF Chang, SH Coriano, C Field, RD Gordon, LE TI Spin-dependent Drell-Yan in QCD to O(alpha(2)(s)) - (I). The non-singlet sector SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID PROMPT PHOTON PRODUCTION; LEADING ORDER; CROSS-SECTION; HADRONIC SCATTERING; POWER CORRECTIONS AB A study of the order alpha(s)(2) corrections to the Drell-Yan (non-singlet) differential cross section for incoming states of arbitrary longitudinal helicities is presented. The transverse momentum distributions, q(T), of the lepton pair are studied and the calculations of Ellis, Martinelli, and Petronzio (EMP) are extended to include polarized initial states. We use the <(MS)over bar> scheme and the 't Hooft-Veltman regularization for the helicity projectors. From our results one can obtain the bulk of the totally inclusive NNLO cross section for the production of a Drell-Yan pair in the non-singlet sector by a simple integration over the virtual photon momentum. We show that in the <(MS)over bar> scheme helicity is not conserved along the quark lines, unless a finite renormalization is done and one adapts the physical (<(MS)over bar>(p)) scheme. This aspect of the calculation is similar to the O(alpha(s)(2)) polarized production of single and double photons. Our spin-averaged unpolarized differential cross sections agree with the EMP calculations. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Inst Fundamental Theory, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Jefferson Lab, Div Phys, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chang, SH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Inst Fundamental Theory, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM schang@phys.ufl.edu; coriano@jlabs2.jlab.org; rfield@phys.ufl.edu; gordon@hep.anl.gov NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 16 PY 1998 VL 512 IS 1-2 BP 393 EP 428 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(97)00771-2 PG 36 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YZ861 UT WOS:000072301600016 ER PT J AU Chow, WW Girndt, A Koch, S AF Chow, WW Girndt, A Koch, S TI Calculation of quantum well laser gain spectra SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTORS; GAN; ALN; INN AB This paper describes a method for calculating gain spectra of quantum well laser structures. The approach is based on the Semiconductor Bloch equations, with Coulomb correlation effects treated at the level of quantum kinetic theory in the Markovian limit. Results obtained from applying this method to an InGaN quantum well laser are presented. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Philipps Univ, Dept Phys, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. Philipps Univ, Ctr Mat Sci, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. RP Chow, WW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM wwchow@somnet.sandia.gov NR 17 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD FEB 16 PY 1998 VL 2 IS 4 BP 119 EP 124 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 122CG UT WOS:000076052600002 PM 19377589 ER PT J AU Aitala, EM Amato, S Anjos, JC Appel, JA Ashery, D Banerjee, S Bediaga, I Blaylock, G Bracker, SB Burchat, PR Burnstein, RA Carter, T Carvalho, HS Copty, NK Cremaldi, LM Darling, C Denisenko, K Fernandez, A Fox, G Gagnon, GP Gounder, K Halling, AM Herrera, G Hurvits, G James, C Kasper, PA Kwan, S Langs, DC Leslie, J Lundberg, B MayTal-Beck, S Meadows, B Neto, JRTD Mihalcea, D Milburn, RH de Miranda, JM Napier, A Nguyen, A d'Oliveira, AB O'Shaughnessy, K Peng, KC Perera, LP Purohit, MV Quinn, B Radeztsky, S Rafatian, A Reay, NW Reidy, JJ dos Reis, AC Rubin, HA Sanders, DA Santha, AKS Santoro, AFS Schwartz, AJ Sheaff, M Sidwell, RA Slaughter, AJ Sokoloff, MD Solano, J Stanton, NR Stenson, K Summers, DJ Takach, S Thorne, K Tripathi, AK Watanabe, S Weiss-Babai, R Wiener, J Witchey, N Wolin, E Yi, D Yoshida, S Zaliznyak, R Zhang, C AF Aitala, EM Amato, S Anjos, JC Appel, JA Ashery, D Banerjee, S Bediaga, I Blaylock, G Bracker, SB Burchat, PR Burnstein, RA Carter, T Carvalho, HS Copty, NK Cremaldi, LM Darling, C Denisenko, K Fernandez, A Fox, G Gagnon, GP Gounder, K Halling, AM Herrera, G Hurvits, G James, C Kasper, PA Kwan, S Langs, DC Leslie, J Lundberg, B MayTal-Beck, S Meadows, B Neto, JRTD Mihalcea, D Milburn, RH de Miranda, JM Napier, A Nguyen, A d'Oliveira, AB O'Shaughnessy, K Peng, KC Perera, LP Purohit, MV Quinn, B Radeztsky, S Rafatian, A Reay, NW Reidy, JJ dos Reis, AC Rubin, HA Sanders, DA Santha, AKS Santoro, AFS Schwartz, AJ Sheaff, M Sidwell, RA Slaughter, AJ Sokoloff, MD Solano, J Stanton, NR Stenson, K Summers, DJ Takach, S Thorne, K Tripathi, AK Watanabe, S Weiss-Babai, R Wiener, J Witchey, N Wolin, E Yi, D Yoshida, S Zaliznyak, R Zhang, C CA Fermilab E791 Collaboration TI Measurement of the form-factor ratios for D+->(K)over-bar(*0)e(+)nu(e) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMILEPTONIC DECAYS; MESON DECAYS; CHARM; LATTICE AB We present a measurement of the form-factor ratios r(v) = V(0)/A(1)(0) and r(2) = A(2)(0)/A(1)(0) for the decay D+ --> (K) over bar(*0)e(+) nu(e). The measurement is based on a signal of approximately 3000 D+ --> (K) over bar(*0)e(+) nu(e), (K) over bar(*0) --> K- pi(+) decays reconstructed in data from charm hadroproduction experiment E791 at Fermilab. The results are r(v) = 1.84 +/- 0.11 +/- 0.08 and r(2) = 0.71 +/- 0.08 +/- 0.09. C1 Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Autonoma Puebla, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Aitala, EM (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. RI Anjos, Joao/C-8335-2013; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/E-9700-2017 OI Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/0000-0003-0152-4220 NR 16 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 16 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 7 BP 1393 EP 1397 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1393 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YX202 UT WOS:000072016600010 ER PT J AU Marsili, M De los Rios, P Maslov, S AF Marsili, M De los Rios, P Maslov, S TI Expansion around the mean-field solution of the Bak-Sneppen model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; 1/F NOISE; CRITICALITY; AVALANCHES; GROWTH AB We study a recently proposed equation for the avalanche distribution in the Bak-Sneppen model. We demonstrate that this equation indirectly relates tau, the exponent for the power law distribution of avalanche sizes, to D, the fractal dimension of an avalanche cluster. We compute this relation numerically and approximate it analytically up to the second order of expansion around the mean-held exponents. Our results are consistent with Monte Carlo simulations of the Bak-Sneppen model in one and two dimensions. C1 Univ Fribourg, Inst Phys Theor, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. ISI Fdn, Turin, Italy. RP Marsili, M (reprint author), Univ Fribourg, Inst Phys Theor, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. RI De Los Rios, Paolo/B-2456-2010; EPFL, LBS/B-3567-2010; Maslov, Sergei/C-2397-2009 OI De Los Rios, Paolo/0000-0002-5394-5062; Maslov, Sergei/0000-0002-3701-492X NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 16 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 7 BP 1457 EP 1460 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1457 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YX202 UT WOS:000072016600026 ER PT J AU Paul, DM Tomy, CV Aegerter, CM Cubitt, R Lloyd, SH Forgan, EM Lee, SL Yethiraj, M AF Paul, DM Tomy, CV Aegerter, CM Cubitt, R Lloyd, SH Forgan, EM Lee, SL Yethiraj, M TI Nonlocal effects and vortex lattice transitions in YNi2B2C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; MAGNETISM; ERNI2B2C AB High resolution, neutron small angle scattering studies have been performed to investigate the low field (B < 250 mT) region of the phase diagram for the vortex lattice in the superconducting state of YNi2B2C. The data present clear evidence for a vortex lattice reorientation transition from a state with the diagonal of the rhombic unit cell along a [110] direction to a [100] direction. Above this transition the lattice distorts under the influence of the applied field until the apex angle becomes constant at some higher field. For B parallel to c a square lattice configuration is formed. These experiments confirm qualitatively many of the predictions of a general model based on nonlocal corrections to the London model as applied to this and similar materials. C1 Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Paul, DM (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. RI cubitt, robert/B-9408-2008; Lee, Stephen/G-9791-2016 OI Lee, Stephen/0000-0002-2020-3310 NR 9 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 16 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 7 BP 1517 EP 1520 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1517 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YX202 UT WOS:000072016600041 ER PT J AU Su, XC Lianos, L Shen, YR Somorjai, GA AF Su, XC Lianos, L Shen, YR Somorjai, GA TI Surface-induced ferroelectric ice on Pt(111) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IH; CRYSTAL; WATER AB Optical sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy and thermal desorption are used to study ice films grown on Pt(111). The strong enhancement of OH stretch resonances with film thickness provides clear evidence for the presence of polar ordering of water molecules in the films. The ordering is induced by the polar anchoring of the first ice monolayer on platinum. It exhibits a characteristic behavior of surface-induced ordering phenomena with a decay length of 30 monolayers. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Su, XC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 19 TC 124 Z9 127 U1 5 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 16 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 7 BP 1533 EP 1536 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1533 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YX202 UT WOS:000072016600045 ER PT J AU Jensen, PK Lee, CS King, JA AF Jensen, PK Lee, CS King, JA TI Temperature effects on refolding and aggregation of a large multimeric protein using capillary zone electrophoresis SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID P22 TAILSPIKE PROTEIN; TAIL SPIKE ENDORHAMNOSIDASE; FOLDING PATHWAY; PHAGE-P22; KINETICS; RECONSTITUTION; INTERMEDIATE; MUTANTS; INVITRO; CHAINS AB Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) equipped with laser-induced fluorescence detection (LIFD) allows rapid and sensitive identification of folding and aggregation intermediates of P22 tailspike endorhamnosidase using the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence. Conversion of the protrimer into the native tailspike protein, which is the rate-limiting step, can be quenched at 0 degrees C and results in a loss of the protrimer in the refolding pathway. Results obtained from CZE-LIFD and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicate the loss of folding intermediates through the adsorption of polypeptide chains onto the wall of the refolding vial. Early aggregation intermediates are studied using a temperature-sensitive folding tailspike mutant which shifts productive folding to the aggregation pathway at restrictive temperatures. By monitoring refolding intermediates during the temperature shift experiments, the early monomeric intermediate is identified as the thermolabile junctional intermediate between the productive and aggregation pathways. After passing the stage for accumulation of thermolabile intermediate, an increase in refolding temperature from 10 to 35 degrees C is carried out for achieving the optimal refolding kinetics and yields of tailspike endorhamnosidase. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Lee, CS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 4 BP 730 EP 736 DI 10.1021/ac970884d PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA YX684 UT WOS:000072066100010 ER PT J AU Maranzana, A Mehlhorn, RJ AF Maranzana, A Mehlhorn, RJ TI Loss of glutathione, ascorbate recycling, and free radical scavenging in human erythrocytes exposed to filtered cigarette smoke SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ascorbate depletion; ascorbate recycling; dehydroascorbate reduction; electron spin resonance; filtered cigarette smoke; gas-phase free radicals; glutathione depletion; nitroxide reduction; protein thiol depletion; vitamin C depletion; red blood cell damage ID ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID; AQUEOUS EXTRACTS; SULFHYDRYLS; PEROXIDASE; SUPEROXIDE; MECHANISMS; CHEMISTRY; OXIDATION; FERRITIN AB Exposure of human erythrocytes to filtered cigarette smoke in vitro inhibited their capacity to reduce dehydroascorbic acid (ascorbate recycling activity). Glucose uptake was not affected, implying that dehydroascorbic acid transport was not inhibited by the smoke treatment. The intracellular reduction of cationic nitroxide free radicals, which provides a measure of ascorbate recycling, was also inhibited by cigarette smoke. A major factor in the inhibition of free radical reduction was glutathione depletion. However, glutathione depletion alone could not account for the inhibition of free radical reduction because a restoration of the glutathione pool in hemolyzed cells only partially restored free radical reduction activity. Another factor inhibiting free radical reduction was a lowering of pH, which was attributed mainly to the uptake of CO2 and was reversible by restoring the physiological pH. Exogenous glutathione spared both intracellular glutathione and free radical reduction activity. The rate of depletion of intracellular glutathione was similar to that of extracellular glutathione, indicating that the erythrocyte membrane did not significantly attenuate thiol-reactive species in smoke. Protein thiols were also depleted by cigarette smoke, but to a much lesser extent than was glutathione. Ascorbate was relatively unaffected by cigarette smoke; significant intracellular ascorbate levels remained after glutathione was barely detectable. Autooxidizable reducing agents, capable of reducing both reduced piperidinyl (Tempo) and pyrrolidinyl (Proxyl) nitroxides partitioned from filtered cigarette smoke into aqueous solutions. Attempts to detect cigarette smoke-derived oxidants in buffer solutions or in cell suspensions with a prereduced Tempo nitroxide, whose oxidation properties resemble those of ascorbate, were unsuccessful. The results of this study suggest that chemical modification of glutathione is a major damage mechanism of filtered cigarette smoke, whereas free radical oxidations are relatively insignificant. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mehlhorn, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Bldg 70,MS 195,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 50 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 350 IS 2 BP 169 EP 182 DI 10.1006/abbi.1997.0540 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA ZB037 UT WOS:000072428500004 PM 9473290 ER PT J AU Shen, MR Jones, IM Mohrenweiser, H AF Shen, MR Jones, IM Mohrenweiser, H TI Nonconservative amino acid substitution variants exist at polymorphic frequency in DNA repair genes in healthy humans SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER; XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SEQUENCE; DAMAGE; PREDISPOSITION; PROFICIENCY; REGIONS; MOUSE AB The removal or repair of DNA damage has a key role in protecting the genome of the cell from the insults of cancer-causing agents, This was originally demonstrated in individuals with the rare genetic disease xeroderma pigmentosum, the paradigm of cancer genes, and subsequently in the relationship between mismatch repair and colon cancer, Recent reports suggest that individuals with less dramatic reductions in the capacity to repair DNA damage are observed at polymorphic frequency in the population; these individuals have an increased susceptibility to breast, lung, and skin cancer. We report initial results from a study to estimate the extent of DNA sequence variation among individuals in genes encoding proteins of the DNA repair pathways, Nine different amino acid substitution variants have been identified in resequencing of the exons of three nucleotide excision repair genes (ERCC1, XPD, and XPF), a gene involved in double-strand break repair/recombination genes (XRCC3), and a gene functioning in base excision repair and the repair of radiation-induced damage (XRCC1), The frequencies for the nine different variant alleles range from 0.04 to 0.45 in a group of 12 healthy individuals; the average allele frequency is 0.17, The potential that this variation, and especially the six nonconservative amino acid substitutions occurring at residues that are identical in human and mouse, may cause reductions in DNA repair capacity or the fidelity of DNA repair is intriguing; the role of the variants as cancer risk factors or susceptibility alleles remains to be addressed. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Mohrenweiser, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, L-452,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 42 TC 607 Z9 679 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 4 BP 604 EP 608 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA YX289 UT WOS:000072025300008 PM 9485007 ER PT J AU Liu, W Vidic, RD Brown, TD AF Liu, W Vidic, RD Brown, TD TI Optimization of sulfur impregnation protocol for fixed bed application of activated carbon-based sorbents for gas-phase mercury removal SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELEMENTAL MERCURY; POWER-PLANTS; COMBUSTION AB Novel sulfur-impregnated activated carbons for vapor phase mercury uptake (BPL-S series) were designed and developed in this study. Temperature and the initial sulfur to carbon ratio (SCR) during impregnation were the two control parameters for the impregnation procedure. By adjusting these two variables, a series of sulfur-impregnated carbons was created. These new materials together with commercially available sulfur-impregnated activated carbon (HGR) and coal samples were evaluated for the uptake of vapor phase elemental mercury using nitrogen as a carrier gas. The results showed that carbons impregnated with sulfur at high temperature exhibited the highest efficiency for mercury removal. As the impregnation temperature decreased, the performance of the carbons deteriorated. When SCR was varied from 4:1 to 1:2, the sulfur content decreased only slightly, which resulted in a small decrease in mercury uptake capacity. Therefore, the impregnation temperature is the most important factor influencing the efficiency of these sorbents for mercury uptake. Because the impregnation temperature dictates the predominant form of sulfur allotropes, it can be concluded that the actual form of sulfur rather than the total sulfur content is a crucial parameter governing the chemisorption process. Stronger bonding between sulfur and carbon surface was found for carbons impregnated at higher temperatures. This prevents sulfur from agglomerating and clogging the carbon pores during column runs at elevated temperatures. Large surface areas and large fractions of mesopores in these new sorbents also contributed to excellent mercury removal efficiencies. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. US DOE, Fed Energy Technol Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Vidic, RD (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. OI Vidic, Radisav/0000-0001-7969-6845 NR 19 TC 96 Z9 107 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 32 IS 4 BP 531 EP 538 DI 10.1021/es970630+ PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA YW550 UT WOS:000071947600015 ER PT J AU Zuelsdorf, RS Casler, C Strangeway, RJ Russell, CT Franz, R AF Zuelsdorf, RS Casler, C Strangeway, RJ Russell, CT Franz, R TI Ground detection of trans-ionospheric pulse pairs by stations in the National Lightning Detection Network SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Trans-Ionospheric Pulse Pairs (TIPPs), as detected by the Blackbeard instrument on board the ALEXIS satellite, correlate with signals that the National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) classifies as "cloud" lightning with a positive signal polarity (+IC). Correlation is only found for +IC pulses occurring in the 10 ms interval prior to TIPP occurrence. Apart from this single peak, there is no general change in lightning rates around TIPP time. Correlation between TIPPs and +IC strokes is statistically significant with 99.94% confidence. The amplitudes of +IC pulses that are associated with TIPPs are indistinguishable from the amplitudes of pulses that are not. The rise time of +IC pulses correlating with TIPPs, however, does appear to be longer than the noncorrelating +IC pulses, the median value being about 3 times greater than all other +IC pulses. By assuming TIPPs to be generated close to the detecting ground station, we can use the pulse separation time to calculate the source heights for the ground reflection model. The calculated height of TIPPs is consistent with a cloud source. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zuelsdorf, RS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, 3845 Slichter Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. OI Russell, Christopher/0000-0003-1639-8298 NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 4 BP 481 EP 484 DI 10.1029/98GL00131 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA YY192 UT WOS:000072122500019 ER PT J AU McInnes, L Bergin, M Ogren, J Schwartz, S AF McInnes, L Bergin, M Ogren, J Schwartz, S TI Apportionment of light scattering and hygroscopic growth to aerosol composition SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; HUMIDITY; CLIMATE; SIZE AB During a recent campaign at the NOAA CMDL monitoring station on Sable Island, Canada (43.93 degrees N, 60.01 degrees W) a dual-nephelometer humidigraph measured the hygroscopic growth factor of aerosol scattering, f(RH)(sigma(sp)), one of the key parameters necessary for estimating short-wave aerosol radiative forcing. Measurements revealed less growth anthropogenically influenced aerosols than for marine, f(RH)(sigma(sp)) of 1.7 +/- 0.1 vs. 2.7 +/- 0.4, where f(RH)(sigma(sp)) = sigma(sp(85%))/sigma(sp(40%)). combined measurement-modeling approach was used to estimate sigma(sp) and its RH-dependence, based on the measured particle size distribution and composition. The model suggested that differences in the particle size distribution, assuming the same aerosol composition, could not explain the observed differences in f(RH)(sigma(sp)). We have confirmed with individual particle analysis, that aerosol composition was indeed responsible for the difference in f(RH)(sigma(sp)). As well, the scattering contribution of organic carbon for the influenced case is at least as much as sulfate aerosol. C1 NOAA, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Environm Chem Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McInnes, L (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RI Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008; Ogren, John/M-8255-2015 OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X; Ogren, John/0000-0002-7895-9583 NR 16 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 4 BP 513 EP 516 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA YY192 UT WOS:000072122500027 ER PT J AU Ortiz, JL Barhorst, AA Robinett, RD AF Ortiz, JL Barhorst, AA Robinett, RD TI Flexible multibody systems fluid interaction SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE multibody systems; sloshing; fluid-structure interaction AB Modelling the dynamics of a flexible multibody system coupled to a rigid container carrying a fluid with a free surface is addressed. The proposed methodology allows the analyst to implement all sort of non-linearities inherent in the dynamics of the structure. Potential flow with modified Rayleigh damping is used to model the fluid. Non-linear sloshing effects are considered and no simplifications are made on the field equations and boundary conditions. A set of first-order differential equations for the motion of both the structure and the fluid are presented. Emphasis is placed on the point that the motion of the flexible multibody system is not prescribed but is found as part of the solution procedure. Some improvements are presented with respect to a previous introductory work by the authors. Detailed derivations and two numerical examples are presented: a flexible column supporting a rigid water tank (with a comparison using an approximate method) and a double flexible-link pendulum coupled to a rigid container. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This paper was produced under the auspices of the U.S. Government and it is therefore not subjected to copyright in the U.S. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Barhorst, AA (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, POB 41021, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 41 IS 3 BP 409 EP 433 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0207(19980215)41:3<409::AID-NME291>3.0.CO;2-O PG 25 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA YU524 UT WOS:000071726500002 ER PT J AU White, DP Snead, LL Zinkle, SJ Eatherly, WS AF White, DP Snead, LL Zinkle, SJ Eatherly, WS TI In situ measurement of radiation induced conductivity in oxide insulators during neutron irradiation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED ELECTRICAL DEGRADATION; CERAMIC MATERIALS; FISSION REACTOR; ALUMINA; AL2O3 AB An experimental investigation of the in situ electrical conductivity of Wesgo A1995 polycrystalline alumina at approximately 450 degrees C has been performed at the high flux beam reactor at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The measured radiation induced conductivity (RIC) was about 10(-8) S/m at an ionizing dose rate of 6000 Gy/s. No evidence for permanent radiation induced electrical degradation was observed for an applied electric field of 147 V/mm up to a dose level of approximate to 1.8 displacements per atom. The effect of neutron irradiation on the electrical properties of two mineral insulated cables was also investigated. The RIC in the MgO insulation of a coaxial and a triaxial cable was measured to be in the range of 6-20 x 10(-8) S/m at an ionizing dose rate of approximate to 6000 Gy/s. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Merrimack Coll, Dept Phys, N Andover, MA 01845 USA. RP White, DP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dwhite@merrimack.edu OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 4 BP 1924 EP 1930 DI 10.1063/1.366917 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GG UT WOS:000075257300014 ER PT J AU Chakoumakos, BC Schlom, DG Urbanik, M Luine, J AF Chakoumakos, BC Schlom, DG Urbanik, M Luine, J TI Thermal expansion of LaAlO3 and (La,Sr)(Al,Ta)O-3, substrate materials for superconducting thin-film device applications SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH AB The thermal expansion for the perovskite (La,Sr)(Al,Ta)O-3, i.e., LSAT, grown from the formulation 0.29(LaAlO3):0.35(Sr2AlTaO6), was determined by Rietveld refinement of neutron powder diffraction data over the temperature range of 15-1200 K. In comparison to LaAlO3 the relative volume thermal expansion is the same, although the cell volume of LSAT is slightly larger. Site occupation refinement for LSAT gives a structural formula of (La-0.29(5)Sr-0.71(5)) (A site)(Al-0.65(1)Ta-0.35(1))(B site)O-3. At and below 150 K, LSAT shows a small distortion from cubic symmetry. Unlike the cubic to-rhombohedral transition (800 K) observed in LaAlO3, the low temperature structural phase transition in LSAT appears to be cubic-to-tetragonal or cubic-to-orthorhombic. The rms displacement of the A site in LSAT is significantly larger than that for LaAlO3, and about half of the difference can be accounted for by a static displacement component. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Commercial Crystal Labs Inc, Naples, FL 33942 USA. TRW Co Inc, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA. RP Chakoumakos, BC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Schlom, Darrell/J-2412-2013; Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016 OI Schlom, Darrell/0000-0003-2493-6113; Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543 NR 17 TC 119 Z9 121 U1 2 U2 52 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 4 BP 1979 EP 1982 DI 10.1063/1.366925 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GG UT WOS:000075257300023 ER PT J AU Baumann, PK Nemanich, RJ AF Baumann, PK Nemanich, RJ TI Electron affinity and Schottky barrier height of metal-diamond (100), (111), and (110) interfaces SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-DEPOSITED DIAMOND; BORON-DOPED DIAMOND; FIELD-EMISSION; CVD DIAMOND; SURFACES; PHOTOEMISSION; HYDROGEN; NICKEL; CONTACTS; TITANIUM AB The electron emission properties of metal-diamond (100), (111), and (110) interfaces were characterized by means of UV photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) and field-emission measurements. Different surface cleaning procedures including annealing in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) and rf plasma treatments were used before metal deposition. This resulted in diamond surfaces terminated by oxygen, hydrogen, or free of adsorbates. The electron affinity and Schottky barrier height of Zr or Co thin films were correlated by means of UPS. A negative electron affinity (NEA) was observed for Zr on any diamond surface. Co on diamond resulted in NEA characteristics except for oxygen-terminated surfaces. The lowest Schottky barrier heights were obtained for the clean diamond surfaces. Higher values were measured for H termination, and the highest values were obtained for O on diamond. For Zr, the Schottky barrier height ranged from 0.70 eV for the clean to 0.90 eV for the O-terminated diamond (100) surface. Values for Co ranged from 0.35 to 1.40 eV for clean- and O-covered (100) surfaces, respectively. The metal-induced NEA proved to be stable after exposure to air. For the oxygen-terminated diamond (100) surface a field-emission threshold of 79 V/mu m was measured. Zr or Co deposition resulted in lower thresholds. Values as low as 20 V/mu m were observed for Zr on the clean diamond (100) surface. Results for Zr or Co on H- or O-terminated surfaces were higher. H or O layers on diamond tend to cause an increase in the Schottky barrier height and the field-emission threshold field of Zr- and Go-diamond interfaces. The value of the electron affinity and Schottky barrier were correlated with work function and different initial surface preparation. The results were largely consistent with a model in which the vacuum level was related to the metal work function and the measured Schottky barrier. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Baumann, PK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 43 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 38 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 4 BP 2072 EP 2082 DI 10.1063/1.366940 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GG UT WOS:000075257300038 ER PT J AU Sadashivan, S Aggarwal, S Song, TK Ramesh, R Evans, JT Tuttle, BA Warren, WL Dimos, D AF Sadashivan, S Aggarwal, S Song, TK Ramesh, R Evans, JT Tuttle, BA Warren, WL Dimos, D TI Evaluation of imprint in fully integrated (La,Sr)CoO3/Pb(Nb,Zr,Ti)O-3/(La,Sr)CoO3 ferroelectric capacitors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILM CAPACITORS; MEMORIES; OXIDES AB We have investigated the imprint characteristics of fully integrated ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate based capacitors. These capacitors were fabricated using conducting perovskite La-Sr-Co-O electrodes. We have specifically focused on the effect of several test and capacitor variables, including temperature, unipolar stress amplitude, number of cycles, and device area. Two different figures of merit, one based on coercive voltage changes and the other based on differences in polarization values were used to quantify imprint. The imprint in our capacitors showed a small temperature dependence over the range that we have studied. The unidirectional pulse voltage amplitude had a larger influence on the imprint. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Radiant Technol, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sadashivan, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 27 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 4 BP 2165 EP 2171 DI 10.1063/1.366954 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GG UT WOS:000075257300052 ER PT J AU Cao, ZC Lee, BI Samuels, WD Exarhos, GJ AF Cao, ZC Lee, BI Samuels, WD Exarhos, GJ TI Photoluminescence of EU3+ ion doped phosphate ceramics SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL FIBERS; GLASSES; GELS AB Phosphate ceramics doped with Eu3+ ions were synthesized through sol-gel process. The fluorescence spectra of Eu3+ as a function of firing temperature, dopant concentration, composition, and structure of the matrices were investigated. The gels synthesized by the reaction of P2O5 with tetraethoxy silane or titanium tetraethoxide (Ti(OEt)(4)) and EuCl3. 6H(2)O as the dopant were fired in air from the temperature range 200-900 degrees C to farm P-Si or P-Ti crystalline phases. The crystal structure was examined by powder x-ray diffractometry. Si5O(PO4)(6) was the only crystalline phase for the P-Si system. The amount of doping Eu3+ varied from 1 up to 10 at %, and no obvious concentration quenching was observed in the concentration range. It was found that the phosphosilicates gave stronger fluorescence emission than the phosphotitanates. For both systems, the intensity of Eu3+ emission increased with higher firing temperatures, For the P-Si system, the emission intensity increased with greater amounts of phosphorus, while the emission intensity did not change with the variation of composition in the P-Ti system. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Clemson Univ, Gilbert C Robinson Dept Ceram & Mat Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lee, BI (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Gilbert C Robinson Dept Ceram & Mat Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 4 BP 2222 EP 2227 DI 10.1063/1.366960 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GG UT WOS:000075257300059 ER PT J AU Bertagnolli, KE Lucht, RP Bui-Pham, MN AF Bertagnolli, KE Lucht, RP Bui-Pham, MN TI Atomic hydrogen concentration profile measurements in stagnation-flow diamond-forming flames using three-photon excitation laser-induced fluorescence SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; EXCITED FLUORESCENCE; SCALING LAWS; FILAMENT; TEMPERATURE; COMBUSTION; DISCHARGES; OH AB Gas-phase atomic hydrogen concentration profiles were measured near the deposition substrate in atmospheric-pressure, stagnation-flow diamond-forming flames. In these flames, an acetylene-oxygen-hydrogen mixture accelerates through a nozzle and impinges on a water-cooled molybdenum substrate, stabilizing a flat-flame approximately 1 mm below the substrate. A thin, polycrystalline diamond film is deposited on the substrate under appropriate conditions of flame stoichiometry and substrate temperature. Three-photon-excitation laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) was used to determine the II-atom concentration at various points between the substrate and the incoming premixed jet. The estimated H-atom LIF accuracy is +/- 40-50% in the diamond-forming flames, and the estimated spatial resolution is +/- 100 mu m perpendicular to the deposition surface. The LIF measurements show that the peak atomic hydrogen mole fraction is approximately 5%, significantly less than the calculated adiabatic equilibrium concentration. This subequilibrium mole fraction results from the slow rate of acetylene dissociation for the fuel-rich conditions in the post-flame gases and the creation of superequilibrium concentrations of CO2 and H2O in the reaction zone. The measured subequilibrium H-atom concentrations are consistent with our previous measurements of superequilibrium temperatures in the post-flame region of these flames. We present numerical calculations of species and temperature profiles in our diamond-forming flames. The measured subequilibrium H-atom concentration profiles are in good agreement with theoretical calculations of the profile. Measured peak flame temperatures are in general 100-200 K lower than calculated peak temperatures, but the calculated and measured profiles are in excellent agreement in the high-gradient region near the deposition substrate. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Combust Grp, Div Energy & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lucht, RP (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 35 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 4 BP 2315 EP 2326 DI 10.1063/1.366975 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GG UT WOS:000075257300075 ER PT J AU Weng-Sieh, Z Gronsky, R Bell, AT AF Weng-Sieh, Z Gronsky, R Bell, AT TI Effects of support interaction on the phase stability of Rh oxides formed during the aging of alpha-alumina supported Rh in air SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID CATALYSTS; DISPERSION; RH/AL2O3 AB The phase stability of rhodium oxides formed during the aging of model alpha-alumina supported rhodium in air at temperatures of 500, 850, and 1000 degrees C is investigated using high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The observed phases of rhodium oxides are similar to those predicted by bulk thermodynamics, with the RhO2 phase formed at 500 degrees C and the orthorhombic III-Rh2O3 phase formed at 1000 degrees C. However, in some instances, the epitaxy of the rhodium oxide particles with the underlying a-alumina support appears to influence the phases formed, causing the presence of the hexagonal I-Rh2O3 phase at 500 and 850 degrees C. Epitaxial stabilization of rhodium oxide phases is examined from the perspective of lattice matching at the oxide-support interface and minimization of the total oxide particle free energy. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Weng-Sieh, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 174 IS 1 BP 22 EP 33 DI 10.1006/jcat.1997.1944 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA ZA253 UT WOS:000072344700003 ER PT J AU Ferreira, LG Wolverton, C Zunger, A AF Ferreira, LG Wolverton, C Zunger, A TI Evaluating and improving the cluster variation method entropy functional for Ising alloys SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CARLO AB The success of the "cluster variation method" (CVM) in reproducing quite accurately the free energies of Monte Carlo (MC) calculations on Ising models is explained in terms of identifying a cancellation of errors: We show that the CVM produces correlation functions that are too close to zero, which leads to an overestimation of the exact energy, E, and at the same time, to an underestimation of - TS, so the free energy F= E - TS is more accurate than either of its parts. This insight explains a problem with "hybrid methods" using MC correlation functions in the CVM entropy expression: They give exact energies E and do not give significantly improved -TS relative to CVM, so they do nor benefit from the above noted cancellation of errors. Additionally, hybrid methods suffer from the difficulty of adequately accounting for both ordered and disordered phases in a consistent way. A different technique, the "entropic Monte Carlo" (EMC), is shown here to provide a means for critically evaluating the CVM entropy. Inspired by EMC results, we find a universal and simple correlation to the CVM entropy which produces individual components of the free energy with MC accuracy, but is computationally much less expensive than either MC thermodynamic integration or EMC. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Fis, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Ferreira, LG (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Wolverton, Christopher/B-7542-2009; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 108 IS 7 BP 2912 EP 2918 DI 10.1063/1.475695 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA ZW144 UT WOS:000074379300028 ER PT J AU McCoy, JD Nath, SK Curro, JG Saunders, RS AF McCoy, JD Nath, SK Curro, JG Saunders, RS TI The interfacial thickness of symmetric diblock copolymers: Theory and experiment SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ORDER-DISORDER TRANSITION; DOMAIN-BOUNDARY STRUCTURE; INTEGRAL-EQUATION THEORY; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; MICROPHASE SEPARATION; CHARACTERISTIC RATIOS; IMMISCIBLE POLYMERS; BLOCK COPOLYMERS; PHASE-BEHAVIOR AB A recent application of density functional theory to the structure and thermodynamics of the ordering of symmetric, tangent hard site, diblock copolymers [S. K. Nath ct al., J. Chem. Phys. 106, 1950 (1997)] predicted an interfacial thickness larger than would be expected from previous self-consistent-field studies of thread chains. Here we compare the theoretical predictions with the few experimental measurements of interfacial thickness in symmetric diblocks. It is observed that predictions of the thickness of the interface are sensitive to the details of the monomer structure included in the underlying model, and that the range of the experimental measurements is spanned by the two theoretical models. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP McCoy, JD (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RI McCoy, John/B-3846-2010 OI McCoy, John/0000-0001-5404-1404 NR 43 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 108 IS 7 BP 3023 EP 3027 DI 10.1063/1.475696 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA ZW144 UT WOS:000074379300041 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Chaturvedi, S Kuhn, M AF Rodriguez, JA Chaturvedi, S Kuhn, M TI The adsorption of sulfur on Rh(111) and Cu/Rh(111) surfaces SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; PROMOTED SULFIDATION; BIMETALLIC SURFACES; GROWTH; FILMS; LEED; CATALYSIS; RU(0001); PT(111); RH(100) AB reaction of S-2 with Rh(lll) and Cu/Rh(lll) surfaces has been investigated using synchrotron-based high-resolution photoemission, thermal desorption mass spectroscopy and ab initio self-consistent-field calculations. At 100 K, the adsorption of St on Rh(lll) produces multilayers of S-n species (n = 2 - 8) that desorb between 300 and 400 K, leaving a him of RhSx on the sample. S-2 dissociates upon adsorption on clean Rh(lll) at 300 K. An adsorption complex in which S-2 is bridge bonded to two adjacent Rh atoms (Rh-S-S-Rh) is probably the precursor state for the dissociation of the molecule. The larger the electron transfer from Rh(111) into the S-2(2 pi(g)) orbitals, the bigger the adsorption energy of the molecule and the easier the cleavage of the S-S bond. On Rh(111) at 300 K, chemisorbed S is bonded to two dissimilar adsorption sites (hollow and probably bridge) that show well separated S 2p binding energies and different bonding interactions. Adsorption on bridge sites is observed only at S coverages above 0.5 ML, and precedes the formation of RhSx films. The bonding of S to Rh(lll) induces a substantial decrease in the density of d states that the metal exhibits near the Fermi level, but the electronic perturbations are not as large as those found for S/Pt(111) and S/Pd(lll). Cu adatoms significantly enhance the rate of sulfidation of Rh(lll) through indirect Cu<->Rh<->S-2 and direct Cu<->S-S<->Rh interactions. In the presence of Cu there is an increase in the thermal stability of sulfur on Rh(111). The adsorption of S-2 on Cu/Rh(lll) surfaces produces CuSy and RhSx, species that exhibit a distinctive band structure and decompose at temperatures between 900 and 1100 K: CuSy/RhSx/Rh(111)-->S-2(gas) +Cu(gas)+S/Rh(111). (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 62 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 108 IS 7 BP 3064 EP 3073 DI 10.1063/1.475697 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA ZW144 UT WOS:000074379300046 ER PT J AU Sinkler, W Marks, LD Edwards, DD Mason, TO Poeppelmeier, KR Hu, Z Jorgensen, JD AF Sinkler, W Marks, LD Edwards, DD Mason, TO Poeppelmeier, KR Hu, Z Jorgensen, JD TI Determination of oxygen atomic positions in a Ga-In-Sn-O ceramic using direct methods and electron diffraction SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID RESOLUTION; MICROSCOPY; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY AB Direct methods using dynamical transmission electron diffraction (TED) intensities is applied to the solution of (Ga,In)(2)SnO5. Dynamical diffraction effects in the TED data lead to an emphasis of oxygen positions in the structure. Application of direct methods to dynamical diffraction intensities represents a valuable new technique for obtaining approximate atom positions of light elements in ceramics using an experiment which is simple to perform and does not require a single crystal. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Sinkler, W (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2225 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Mason, Thomas/B-7528-2009; Marks, Laurence/B-7527-2009 NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 136 IS 1 BP 145 EP 149 DI 10.1006/jssc.1998.7804 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ZM936 UT WOS:000073591200022 ER PT J AU Burton, H AF Burton, H TI The ascent of science. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Burton, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 123 IS 3 BP 168 EP 168 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA YX080 UT WOS:000072004400228 ER PT J AU Cary, RB Chen, FQ Shen, ZY Chen, DJ AF Cary, RB Chen, FQ Shen, ZY Chen, DJ TI A central region of Ku80 mediates interaction with Ku70 in vivo SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; STRAND-BREAK-REPAIR; RNA POLYMERASE-II; HAMSTER-CELL MUTANTS; X-RAY RESISTANCE; V(D)J RECOMBINATION; 2-HYBRID SYSTEM; DNA-REPAIR; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; AUTOANTIGEN AB Ku, the DNA binding component of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), is a heterodimer composed of 70 and 86 kDa subunits, known as Ku70 and Ku80 respectively, Defects in DNA-PK subunits have been shown to result in a reduced capacity to repair DNA double-strand breaks. Assembly of the Ku heterodimer is required to obtain DNA end binding activity and association of the DNA-PK catalytic subunit, The regions of the Ku subunits responsible for heterodimerization have not been clearly defined in vivo, A previous study has suggested that the C-terminus of Ku80 is required for interaction with Ku70, Here we examine Ku subunit interaction using N- and C-terminal Ku80 deletions in a GAL4-based two-hybrid system and an independent mammalian in vivo system, Our two-hybrid study suggests that the central region of Ku80, not its C-terminus, is capable of mediating interaction with Ku70, To determine if this region mediates interaction with Ku70 in mammalian cells we transfected xrs-6 cells, which lack endogenous Ku80, with epitope-tagged Ku80 deletions carrying a nuclear localization signal, Immunoprecipitation from transfected cell extracts revealed that the central domain identified by the GAL4 two-hybrid studies stabilizes and co-immunoprecipitates with endogenous xrs-6 Ku70. The central interaction domain maps to the internally deleted regions of Ku80 in the mutant cell lines XR-V9B and XR-V15B. These findings indicate that the internally deleted Ku80 mutations carried in these cell lines are incapable of heterodimerization with Ku70. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chen, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50519] NR 41 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 974 EP 979 DI 10.1093/nar/26.4.974 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA YZ260 UT WOS:000072236300015 PM 9461456 ER PT J AU Lynch, SR Tinoco, I AF Lynch, SR Tinoco, I TI The structure of the L3 loop from the hepatitis delta virus ribozyme: a syn cytidine SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RNA OLIGONUCLEOTIDE; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; SELF-CLEAVAGE; BASE-PAIRS; Z-DNA; CONFORMATION; SUPPRESSION; ASSIGNMENT; ELEMENTS AB The structure of the L3 central hairpin loop isolated from the antigenomic sequence of the hepatitis delta virus ribozyme with the P2 and P3 stems from the ribozyme stacked on top of the loop has been determined by NMR spectroscopy, The 26 nt stem-loop structure contains nine base pairs and a 7 nt loop (5'-UCCUCGC-3'). This hairpin loop is critical for efficient catalysis in the intact ribozyme, The structure was determined using homonuclear and heteronuclear NMR techniques on non-labeled and N-15-labeled RNA oligonucleotides. The overall root mean square deviation for the structure was 1.15 Angstrom (+/- 0.28 Angstrom) for the loop and the closing C.G base pair and 0.90 A (+/- 0.18 Angstrom) for the loop and the closing C.G base pair but without the lone purine in the loop, which is not well defined in the structure. The structure indicates a U.C base pair between the nucleotides on the 5'- and 3'-ends of the loop. This base pair is formed with a single hydrogen bond involving the cytosine exocyclic amino proton and the carbonyl O4 of the uracil. The most unexpected finding in the loop is a syn cytidine. While not unprecedented, syn pyrimidines are highly unusual. This one can be confidently established by intranucleotide distances between the ribose and the base determined by NMR spectroscopy. A similar study of the structure of this loop showed a somewhat different three-dimensional structure. A discussion of differences in the two structures, as well as possible sites of interaction with the cleavage site, will be presented. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Struct Biol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tinoco, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM intinoco@lbl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 10840, 1 F32 GM16949-01] NR 36 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 980 EP 987 DI 10.1093/nar/26.4.980 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA YZ260 UT WOS:000072236300016 PM 9461457 ER PT J AU Shen, NR Zdzienicka, MZ Mohrenweiser, H Thompson, LH Thelen, MP AF Shen, NR Zdzienicka, MZ Mohrenweiser, H Thompson, LH Thelen, MP TI Mutations in hamster single-strand break repair gene XRCC1 causing defective DNA repair SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGE; MOLECULAR NICK-SENSOR; LIGASE-III; MUTANT EM9; CHO CELLS; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; IN-VITRO; SENSITIVITY; FREQUENCY; PROTEIN AB The molecular basis for the DNA repair dysfunction observed in mutant Chinese hamster ovary cell lines of X-ray repair cross complementing group 1 (XRCC1) is unknown and the exact role of the XRCC1 protein remains unclear, To help clarify the role of the XRCC1 gene we analyzed four mutant cell lines of this complementation group and a revertant cell line for XRCC1 protein content and for sequence alterations in the XRCC1 coding region, Immunoblot analysis of cellular extracts indicated that each of four mutant lines was lacking XRCC1 protein, whereas the repair-proficient revertant line derived from one of these mutants contained a normal level of XRCC1, Although each of these cell lines expressed XRCC1 mRNA, we found in all cases a distinct point mutation resulting in crucial alterations in the encoded XRCC1 protein sequence of 633 amino acids, Two of the mutations cause non-conservative amino acid changes, Glu102-->Lys and Cys390-->Tyr, at positions that are invariant among hamster, mouse and human XRCC1 sequences and are located in putative functional domains, A third debilitating mutation disrupts RNA splicing, generating multiple transcripts of different length that contain deletions spanning a region of >100 amino acids in the midsection of the XRCC1 coding sequence. A fourth mutation results in a termination codon that shortens the open reading frame to 220 amino acids, however, in the revertant cell line a further mutation in the same codon, Stop221-->Leu, permits translation of a full-length functional variant protein. These mutational data indicate the importance of the putative functional regions in XRCC1, such as the BRCA1 C-terminal (BRCT) domain found in common with BRCA1 and other DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint proteins, and also regions necessary for interaction with DNA polymerase beta and DNA ligase III. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Leiden Univ, MGC, Dept Radiat Genet & Chem Mutagenesis, Leiden, Netherlands. JA Cohen Inst, Leiden, Netherlands. RP Thelen, MP (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, POB 808,L-452, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Thelen, Michael/C-6834-2008; Thelen, Michael/G-2032-2014 OI Thelen, Michael/0000-0002-2479-5480; Thelen, Michael/0000-0002-2479-5480 NR 29 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1032 EP 1037 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA YZ260 UT WOS:000072236300023 ER PT J AU Klimov, VI McBranch, DW AF Klimov, VI McBranch, DW TI Femtosecond high-sensitivity, chirp-free transient absorption spectroscopy using kilohertz lasers SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; PULSES; PHASE AB A simple method is demonstrated for high-sensitivity, chirp-free measurements of femtosecond (fs) transient absorption over the entire bandwidth of a white-light continuum probe. This technique uses phase-sensitive detection, with spectral scanning and simultaneous adjustment of the time delay between pump and probe pulses; it permits a direct measurement of spectra undistorted by chirp at all time scales, limited only by the resolution of the fs source. The method is applied to study the ultrafast relaxation dynamics of rr-conjugated oligomers and semiconductor nanocrystals. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Klimov, VI (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, CST-6,MS-J567, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 9 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 22 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 4 BP 277 EP 279 DI 10.1364/OL.23.000277 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA YX558 UT WOS:000072052600015 PM 18084484 ER PT J AU Biswas, R Sigalas, MM Subramania, G Ho, KM AF Biswas, R Sigalas, MM Subramania, G Ho, KM TI Photonic band gaps in colloidal systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INHIBITED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; CRYSTALS; MIXTURES AB Classes of colloidal dielectric systems are found with full three-dimensional photonic band gaps, using photonic band-structure calculations. The fcc structure composed from either high dielectric spheres or low dielectric spheres has three-dimensional band gaps and lower-frequency pseudogaps. The AB2 structure has a higher-frequency pseudogap. [S0163-1829(98)00307-5]. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Microelect Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Biswas, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 22 TC 124 Z9 129 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 7 BP 3701 EP 3705 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.3701 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YY589 UT WOS:000072163300001 ER PT J AU Marquezini, MV Kner, P Bar-Ad, S Tignon, J Chemla, DS AF Marquezini, MV Kner, P Bar-Ad, S Tignon, J Chemla, DS TI Density dependence of the spectral dielectric function across a Fano resonance SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOEXCITON; SEMICONDUCTORS; PHASE AB We study the effects of photocarrier density on a magnetically induced Fano resonance in GaAs, using a combined phase-amplitude transmission spectroscopy technique. By comparing our results to an extension of the Fano model we measure the relative contributions of two, usually undistinguished, effects of the photocarriers: the screening of the inter-Landau-level Coulomb coupling, and the induced collisional broadening of the coupled discrete-state/continuum natural linewidth. [S0163-1829(95)07004-0]. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Marquezini, MV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 7 BP 3745 EP 3748 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.3745 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YY589 UT WOS:000072163300012 ER PT J AU Sigalas, MM Ho, KM Biswas, R Soukoulis, CM AF Sigalas, MM Ho, KM Biswas, R Soukoulis, CM TI Theoretical investigation of defects in photonic crystals in the presence of dielectric losses SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BAND-GAP MATERIALS; DIPOLE ANTENNAS; CAVITY; LASER; PROPAGATION; MODES AB We study defect states in two-and three-dimensional dielectric photonic crystals. We use the transfer-matrix method and we calculate the transmission and reflection coefficient of electromagnetic waves. The Q factor of the defect states increases exponentially with the thickness of the photonic crystal. However, it saturates at high thickness when absorption is introduced. The higher the absorption, the lower the saturated value of the Q factor. [S0163-1829(98)00907-2]. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ctr Microelect Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Sigalas, MM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 34 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 7 BP 3815 EP 3820 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.3815 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YY589 UT WOS:000072163300030 ER PT J AU Ruckman, MW Reisfeld, G Jisrawi, NM Weinert, M Strongin, M Wiesmann, H Croft, M Sahiner, A Sills, D Ansari, P AF Ruckman, MW Reisfeld, G Jisrawi, NM Weinert, M Strongin, M Wiesmann, H Croft, M Sahiner, A Sills, D Ansari, P TI XANES study of hydrogen incorporation in a Pd-capped Nb thin film SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SURFACE AB X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) measurements were used to probe the H-charging-induced electronic structure changes of a 2400 Angstrom Nb film capped with Pd. These results are discussed in terms of ab initio linear augmented plane-wave (LAPW) band-structure calculations for this material. The Pd-L-3-edge XANES clearly manifested the spectral (Pd-d state related) changes expected for Pd-hydride formation, a white line feature degradation, and the appearance of a Pd-H antibonding feature at 6 eV above the threshold. The Nb-L-2,L-3 edge changes with H charging show a distinct enhancement of the white line strength; a feature 6 eV above the edges, associated with Nb-H antibonding states in analogy with the Pd results; the suppression of a threshold-onset feature of Nb metal; and a shift of the centrum of the while line feature towards the threshold. Comparison of the Nb sphere projection of the d(3/2) component of the LAPW density of states (DOS) to the Nb-L-2-edge spectra yields good basic agreement with the observed spectral changes. In particular, the substantial theoretical reduction in the DOS at, and just above, the Fermi energy (E-f) is directly related to the near threshold Nb-L-2/3 spectral changes. The more modest white line enhancement in the theoretical DOS is noted and discussed. Nb-K-edge XANES are also discussed in terms of the Nb-site p-state projected LAPW DOS. This last comparison indicates a p-state reduction near E-f upon H charging of the Nb. [S0163-1829(98)02207-3]. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Seton Hall Univ, Dept Phys, S Orange, NJ 07079 USA. RP Ruckman, MW (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 7 BP 3881 EP 3886 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.3881 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YY589 UT WOS:000072163300039 ER PT J AU Eriksson, O Wills, J Mumford, P Cahay, M Friz, W AF Eriksson, O Wills, J Mumford, P Cahay, M Friz, W TI Electronic structure of the LaS surface and LaS/CdS interface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BAND; SYSTEMS AB The electronic structure of the LaS surface and CdS/LaS interface is calculated by means of a first-principles electronic-structure method for slab and bulk geometries. The calculations were based on the local-density approximation to density-functional theory and made use of linear muffin-tin orbitals as basis functions for solving the Kohn-Sham equations. The observed low work function of LaS is reproduced by our theory and the calculated surface relaxation of LaS is found to be-very small. It is further found that NaCl structured layers of LaS should grow in a well-behaved, epitaxial way on a CdS substrate with a ZnS structure. The interlayer spacing between the first atomic layer of LaS and the topmost layer of the CdS substrate is found to be close to the interlayer distances in both LaS and CdS. The LaS/CdS geometry should thus be possible to grow, and may be a good candidate for cold electron emitter devices. [S0163-1829(98)07007-6]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Wright Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Elect & Comp Engn & Comp Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Multi Area Res Sci Consultants, Fairborn, OH 45324 USA. RP Eriksson, O (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014 OI Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374 NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 7 BP 4067 EP 4072 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.4067 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YY589 UT WOS:000072163300062 ER PT J AU Wolverton, C Ozolins, V Zunger, A AF Wolverton, C Ozolins, V Zunger, A TI First-principles theory of short-range order in size-mismatched metal alloys: Cu-Au, Cu-Ag, and Ni-Au SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; DIFFUSE-SCATTERING; ELECTRONIC EXCITATIONS; CRITICAL-TEMPERATURE; ATOMIC INTERACTION; PAIR INTERACTIONS; MISCIBILITY GAP; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; PHASE-DIAGRAM; BINARY-ALLOYS AB We describe a first-principles technique for calculating the short-range order (SRO) in disordered alloys, even in the presence of large anharmonic atomic relaxations. The technique is applied to several alloys possessing large size mismatch: Cu-Au, Cu-Ag, Ni-Au, and Cu-Pd. We find the following: (i) The calculated SRO in Cu-Au alloys peaks at (or near) the [100] point for all compositions studied, in agreement with diffuse scattering measurements. (ii) A fourfold splitting of the X-point SRO exists in both Cu0.75Au0.25 and Cu0.70Pd0.30, although qualitative differences in the calculated energetics for these two alloys demonstrate that the splitting in Cu0.70Pd0.30 may be accounted for by T=0 K energetics while T not equal 0 K configurational entropy is necessary to account for the splitting in Cu0.75Au0.25. Cu0.75Au0.25 shows a significant temperature dependence of the splitting, in agreement with recent in situ measurements, while the splitting in Cu0.70Pd0.30 is predicted to have a much smaller temperature dependence. (iii) Although no measurements exist, the SRO of Cu-Ag alloys is predicted to be of clustering type with peaks at the [000] point. Streaking of the SRO peaks in the [100] and [1 1/2 0] directions for Ag-and Cu-rich compositions, respectively, is correlated with the elastically soft directions for these compositions. (iv) Even though Ni-Au phase separates at low temperatures, the calculated SRO pattern in Ni0.4Au0.6, like the measured data, shows a peak along the [zeta 00] direction, away from the typical clustering-type [000] point. (v) The explicit effect of atomic relaxation on SRO is investigated and it is found that atomic relaxation can produce significant qualitative changes in the SRO pattern, changing the pattern from ordering to clustering type, as in the case of Cu-Ag. [S0163-1829(98)03808-9]. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wolverton, C (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Ozolins, Vidvuds/D-4578-2009; Wolverton, Christopher/B-7542-2009; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 71 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 4 U2 33 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 8 BP 4332 EP 4348 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.4332 PG 17 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YZ177 UT WOS:000072228000032 ER PT J AU Bellaiche, L Zunger, A AF Bellaiche, L Zunger, A TI Effects of atomic short-range order on the electronic and optical properties of GaAsN, GaInN, and GaInAs alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; SCALE STRUCTURE; NITROGEN PAIRS; SUPERLATTICES; GA1-XINXN; GAP AB Using large (approximate to 500-1000 atoms) pseudopotential supercell calculations, we have investigated the effects of atomic short-range order (SRO) on the electronic and optical properties of dilute and concentrated GaAsN, GaInN, and GaInAs alloys. We find that in concentrated alloys the clustering of like atoms in the first neighbor fee shell (e.g., N-N in GaAsN alloys) leads to a large decrease of both the band-gap and the valence-to-conduction dipole transition-matrix element in GaAsN and in GaInN. On the other hand, the optical properties of GaInAs depend only weakly on the atomic SRO. The reason that the nitride alloys are affected strongly by SRO while GaInAs is affected to a much lesser extent is that in the former case there are band-edge wavefunction localizations around specific atoms in the concentrated random alloys. The property for such localization is already evident at the (dilute) isolated impurity and impurity-pair limits. [S0163-1829(98)00507-4]. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Bellaiche, L (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 39 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 8 BP 4425 EP 4431 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.4425 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YZ177 UT WOS:000072228000042 ER PT J AU Baddorf, AP Jahns, V Zhang, JD Carpinelli, JM Plummer, EW AF Baddorf, AP Jahns, V Zhang, JD Carpinelli, JM Plummer, EW TI Periodic lattice distortion accompanying the (3x3) charge-density-wave phase of Sn/Ge(111) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; GE(111); SURFACE; PB AB Surface x-ray diffraction has been used to determine the periodic lattice distortion (PLD) accompanying the charge-density-wave (CDW) formation in the alpha phase of Sn on Ge(111). Scanning tunneling microscopy observations of the CDW show a similar to 0.5 Angstrom vertical charge corrugation in the image of the Sn atoms, but the measured vertical ripple in the PLD is almost zero, similar to 0.04 +/- 0.04 Angstrom. The PLD occurs almost exclusively in the outermost Ge layer, where a 0.22-Angstrom lateral motion of the three Ge atoms is associated with the Sn atom with largest amplitude in the CDW. Surprisingly, Sn ion cores move in the opposite direction from valence electrons. These results will be discussed in light of the recent models put forward to explain the CDW formation. [S0163-1829(98)01708-1]. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Baddorf, AP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Baddorf, Arthur/I-1308-2016 OI Baddorf, Arthur/0000-0001-7023-2382 NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 8 BP 4579 EP 4583 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.4579 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YZ177 UT WOS:000072228000058 ER PT J AU Lu, JG Hergenrother, JM Tinkham, M AF Lu, JG Hergenrother, JM Tinkham, M TI Effect of island length on the Coulomb modulation in single-electron transistors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SMALL TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; BLOCKADE AB We have studied single-electron transistors with island lengths of 2, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mu m and with high-resistance tunnel junctions to minimize the effects of cotunneling and electron self-heating. With longer islands, there is a marked reduction of the gate modulation of the Coulomb blockade width. According to orthodox theory, the width of the Coulomb blockade at T = 0 is equal to e/C-Sigma, and it falls approximately exponentially with k(B)T/E-c, where E-c = e(2)/2C(Sigma), and C-Sigma is the total capacitance. Based on numerical calculations and analytic estimates, we conclude that the modulation reduction is mainly due to the large increase in stray capacitance between the island and the leads as the island length is increased, and not to some more subtle nonequilibrium effect. When the increased capacitance is combined with the effect of electron heating, the Coulomb modulation is rapidly reduced. This work also demonstrates the need to take stray capacitance into account in addition to intrinsic junction capacitance even in structures that are only a few mu m long. [S0163-1829(98)07307-X]. C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lu, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Lu, Jia Grace/I-7435-2015 OI Lu, Jia Grace/0000-0001-9908-4061 NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 8 BP 4591 EP 4598 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.4591 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YZ177 UT WOS:000072228000060 ER PT J AU Tilinin, IS Van Hove, MA Salmeron, M AF Tilinin, IS Van Hove, MA Salmeron, M TI Quantum coherence in surface-tip transfer of adatoms in AFM/STM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; METAL-SURFACES; HYDROGEN; DIFFUSION; NIOBIUM; SWITCH; DEPENDENCE; DEUTERIUM; ATOMS; CHEMISORPTION AB An adiabatic theory has been developed to describe spontaneous transfer of adatoms from a surface to a tip in atomic force microscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy (AFM/STM). It is shown that, at sufficiently low temperatures, the in influence of phonon and electron-bore excitations on the transfer process may become so small that coherent transitions of an adatom between the surface and the tip are possible. The adatom tunnels back and forth between the surface and the tip with a definite period that depends on the surface-tip separation. The effect is mainly due to a unique opportunity to vary the tunneling amplitude of the adsorbate by controlling the tip-surface separation distance. Two features contribute to the quantum coherence phenomenon being even more pronounced as compared to that of interstitial hopping in the bulk: (a) the electron density of states at the Fermi level: and (b) the lattice deformations associated with the presence of the adsorbate outside the surface are noticeably smaller than for an interstitial in the bulk. As a result, electron and phonon polaron effects, respectively, which. reduce the mobility of the adatom with respect to surface-tip transition, are substantially suppressed at all temperatures. For typical AFM/STM tip velocities and separation distances, the coherent transition rate of chemisorbed hydrogen atoms at temperatures below 10 K for insulators and semiconductors, and below 0.1 K for metals, may not only be comparable with but also exceed the thermally activated (incoherent) transfer rates at room temperature. [S0163-1829(98)08108-9]. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tilinin, IS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921 NR 54 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 8 BP 4720 EP 4729 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.4720 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YZ177 UT WOS:000072228000076 ER PT J AU Ozolins, V Wolverton, C Zunger, A AF Ozolins, V Wolverton, C Zunger, A TI Effects of anharmonic strain on the phase stability of epitaxial films and superlattices: Applications to noble metals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SURFACE ALLOY FORMATION; V SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; PLANE-WAVE METHOD; SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; IMMISCIBLE METALS; THIN-FILMS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; INITIAL GROWTH; III/V ALLOYS; CU AB Epitaxial strain energies of epitaxial films and bulk superlattices an studied via first-principles total-energy calculations using the local-density approximation. Anharmonic effects due to large lattice mismatch, beyond the reach of the harmonic elasticity theory, are found to be very important in Cu/Au (lattice mismatch 12%), Cu/Ag (12%), and Ni/Au (15%). We find that [001] is the elastically soft direction for biaxial expansion of Cu and Ni. but it is [201] for large biaxial compression of Cu, Ag, and Au. The stability of superlattices is discussed in terms of the coherency strain and interfacial energies. We find that in phase separating systems such as Cu-Ag the superlattice formation energies decrease with superlattice period, and the interfacial energy is positive. Superlattices are formed easiest on (001) and hardest on (111) substrates. For ordering systems, such as Cu-Au and hg-Au, the formation energy of superlattices increases with period, and interfacial energies are negative. These superlattices are formed easiest on (001) or (110) and hardest on (111) substrates. For Ni-Au we find a hybrid behavior: superlattices along [111] and [001] behave like phase separating systems, while for [110] they behave like ordering systems. Finally, recent experimental results on epitaxial stabilization of disordered Ni-Au and Cu-Ag alloys, immiscible in the bulk form, are explained In terms of destabilization of the phase separated stale due to lattice mismatch between the substrate and constituents. [S0163-1829(98)07108-2]. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Ozolins, Vidvuds/D-4578-2009; Wolverton, Christopher/B-7542-2009; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 85 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 8 BP 4816 EP 4828 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.4816 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YZ177 UT WOS:000072228000087 ER PT J AU Bertram, D Micic, OI Nozik, AJ AF Bertram, D Micic, OI Nozik, AJ TI Excited-state spectroscopy of InP quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AB We have measured low-temperature size-selective photoluminescence excitation spectra of high-quality InP quantum dots prepared by collodial chemistry. A set of samples with mean emission energies in the range from 1.9 to 2.2 eV was investigated. All samples have a size distribution of about 10%, resulting in an inhomogeneously broadened photoluminescence lineshape. Due to the finite size distribution, spectra were collected at different detection wavelengths to reveal the energies of the excited excitonic states. The size dependence of the quantization energies of InP nanoparticles was determined by measuring photoluminescence excitation at different detection energies within one sample. Up to eight excited-state transitions in a set of seven samples were observed, as the estimated quantum dot size was scanned from 1.8 to 4.0 nm. A comparison of the observed peaks with a six-band k.p calculation is given. In contrast to the successful interpretation in the case of CdSe, no agreement between the calculated and the observed excited-state energies is achieved. [S0163-1829(98)50708-4]. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Bertram, D (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Nozik, Arthur/A-1481-2012; Nozik, Arthur/P-2641-2016 NR 30 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 8 BP R4265 EP R4268 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.R4265 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YZ177 UT WOS:000072228000019 ER PT J AU Williamson, AJ Zunger, A Canning, A AF Williamson, AJ Zunger, A Canning, A TI Prediction of a strain-induced conduction-band minimum in embedded quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; TRANSITION; PRESSURE; ENERGY AB Free-standing InP quantum dots have previously been theoretically and experimentally shown to have a direct band gap across a large range of experimentally accessible sizes. We demonstrated that when these dots are embedded coherently within a GaP barrier material, the effects of quantum confinement in conjunction with coherent strain suggest there will be a critical diameter of dot (approximate to 60 Angstrom), above which the dot is direct, type I, and below which it is indirect, type II. However, the strain in the system acts to produce another conduction state with an even lower energy, in which electrons are localized in small pockets at the interface between the InP dot and the GaP barrier. Since this conduction state is GaP X-1c derived and the highest occupied valence state is InP, Gamma derived, the fundamental transition is predicted to be indirect in both real and reciprocal space ("type II") for all dot sizes. This effect is peculiar to the strained dot, and is absent in the freestanding dot. [S0163-1829(98)51808-5]. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Williamson, AJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 18 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 8 BP R4253 EP R4256 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.R4253 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YZ177 UT WOS:000072228000016 ER PT J AU Reznik, B AF Reznik, B TI Unruh effect with back reaction - A first-quantized treatment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BLACK-HOLE EVAPORATION; PARTICLE AB We present a first-quantized treatment of the back reaction on an accelerated particle detector. The evaluated transition amplitude for detection agrees with previously obtained results. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reznik, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, T-6 MS B288, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 4 BP 2403 EP 2409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.2403 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YY130 UT WOS:000072116300037 ER PT J AU Carrington, ME Kobes, R Petitgirard, E AF Carrington, ME Kobes, R Petitgirard, E TI Cancellation of ladder graphs in an effective expansion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HOT GAUGE-THEORIES; HARD THERMAL LOOPS; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; SCATTERING-AMPLITUDES; FIELD-THEORY; REAL-TIME; QCD; PLASMA; BEHAVIOR AB A resummation of ladder graphs is important in cases where infrared, collinear, or light-cone singularities render the loop expansion invalid, especially at high temperature where these effects are often enhanced. It has been noted in some recent examples of this resummation that the ladder graphs are canceled by other types of terms. In this paper we show that this cancellation is quite general, and for the most part algebraic. [S0556-2821(98)04504-4]. C1 Univ Winnipeg, Dept Phys, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Carrington, ME (reprint author), Univ Winnipeg, Dept Phys, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada. NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 4 BP 2631 EP 2634 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.2631 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YY130 UT WOS:000072116300067 ER PT J AU Clarke, NJ Stancil, PC Zygelman, B Cooper, DL AF Clarke, NJ Stancil, PC Zygelman, B Cooper, DL TI Ab initio study of charge transfer in low energy Si2+ collisions with atomic hydrogen SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-CAPTURE; NEBULA; SILICON; IONS; H+ AB Charge transfer cross sections for collisions of ground state Si2+ (3s(2 ?1S) and excited state Si2+ (3s3p (3Po)) with atomic hydrogen are presented for energies less than 100 eV amu(-1). The cross sections are calculated in a diabatic representation using a fully quantum-mechanical, molecular-orbital, close-coupled method. Completely ab initio adiabatic potentials and nonadiabatic radial coupling matrix elements obtained with the spin-coupled valence-bond method are incorporated. Inclusion of the Si+ (3s3p(2) D-2) + H+ and Si2+ (3s3p (3Po))+ H(1s) closed-channels results in oscillations in the Si2+ (3s(2) S-1) charge transfer cross section for collision energies above the separated-atom energy of the lowest closed-channel (similar to 4.2 eV amu(-1)). Rate coefficients for temperatures between 500 and 100000 K and cross sections for collisions with isotopic D are presented. Results for the reverse process, charge transfer ionization, are also given. C1 Univ Birmingham, Sch Chem, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, WM Keck Lab Computat Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Univ Liverpool, Dept Chem, Liverpool L69 7ZD, Merseyside, England. RP Clarke, NJ (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Chem, POB 363, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD FEB 14 PY 1998 VL 31 IS 3 BP 533 EP 545 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/31/3/019 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YY024 UT WOS:000072104200019 ER PT J AU Baerveldt, AW Westerveld, WB van Eck, J Heideman, HGM Meneses, GD Csanak, G Clark, REH Abdallah, J AF Baerveldt, AW Westerveld, WB van Eck, J Heideman, HGM Meneses, GD Csanak, G Clark, REH Abdallah, J TI Cross sections, polarization and orientation in electron-impact excitation to Ne-*(2p(5)3p) states SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COHERENCE PARAMETERS; NOBLE-GASES; NEON AB This work reports results from a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of the electron-impact excitation of some levels belonging to the (2p(5)3p) configuration in neon. We performed electron-polarized photon coincidence experiments for the excitation of the 3p'[3/2](2) 3p[3/2](2), 3p[5/2](2) and 3p[5/2](3) levels in neon where the polarized photon emitted in the Ne*(2p(5)3p) --> Ne*(2p(5)3s) radiative decay was detected in coincidence with the scattered electron. We report experimental results for the Stokes parameters P-i (i = 1,2, 3, 4), for an incident electron energy of E = 80 eV in the electron scattering angular range of 22 degrees-70 degrees, and for E = 50 eV for the angle of 22 degrees, thus supplementing results reported earlier for this energy for the angular range 30 degrees-70 degrees. We also report here theoretical distorted-wave approximation (DWA) and first-order many-body theory (FOMBT) results for the same excitations and electron energies for the integral cross sections (ICSs), for differential cross sections (DCSs). and for Stokes parameters. Our theoretical results are compared with all available experimental results. A detailed discussion and some conclusions with respect to the physics involved in the excitation processes considered here are then presented. We also give a theoretical discussion about the nature of the information that can be obtained about the collision process by analysing the experimental data. In particular, in this study we found both experimentally and numerically that the angular momentum transferred to the target, L-perpendicular to, as a function of electron scattering angle is the same, within experimental error, for the states with total angular momentum J = 2. C1 Debye Inst, Dept Atom & Interface Phys, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands. Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Baerveldt, AW (reprint author), Huis Vlietlaan 7-3, NL-3525 CE Utrecht, Netherlands. RI Institute (DINS), Debye/G-7730-2014; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD FEB 14 PY 1998 VL 31 IS 3 BP 573 EP 591 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/31/3/022 PG 19 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YY024 UT WOS:000072104200022 ER PT J AU Tikare, V Cawley, JD AF Tikare, V Cawley, JD TI Numerical simulation of grain growth in liquid phase sintered materials - I. Model SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER-SIMULATION; VOLUME FRACTION; 2 DIMENSIONS; PARTICLE GROWTH; DIFFUSION; KINETICS; TOPOLOGY; DYNAMICS; DEPENDENCE; GEOMETRY AB The simulation technique based on the Potts model, originally applied to microstructural coarsening by Srolovitz et al. [Scripta metall., 1983, 17, 241] has been extended to study grain growth by Ostwald ripening in liquid phase sintered materials. The model, which makes no assumptions about solid fractions, grain shapes or diffusion fields around grains, has been developed and characterized in this investigation. A two-dimensional, square lattice is used to digitize the microstructure. The representation of the two phases. solid grains in a liquid matrix, were achieved by populating the lattice with a two-component, canonical ensemble, where the two components were designated as A and B. Grain growth was driven by the reduction in interfacial free energy, which was defined by the bond energies between neighboring sites. The solution-reprecipitation mechanism was simulated by allowing neighboring sites to exchange places via the classical Metropolis algorithm. (C) 1998 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Tikare, V (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 37 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB 13 PY 1998 VL 46 IS 4 BP 1333 EP 1342 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00269-3 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA YZ762 UT WOS:000072289100023 ER PT J AU Tikare, V Cawley, JD AF Tikare, V Cawley, JD TI Numerical simulation of grain growth in liquid phase sintered materials - II. Study of isotropic grain growth SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID VOLUME FRACTION; DIFFUSION AB The Potts model was used to study grain growth in liquid phase sintered materials. Its application to the study of isotropic grain growth by Ostwald ripening in a fully wetting system will be presented. The interpretation of the simulation results will be described and discussed. It was found that the set of simulation parameters used gave diffusion-controlled grain growth for solid fraction ranging from 0.30 to 0.90. The grain size distribution varied with solid fraction, becoming broader and more peaked with increasing solid fraction. The skewness was near zero at solid fraction of 0.41 and shifted to larger grain sizes with increasing solid fraction. This shift in the skewness of grain size distribution is not predicted by previous analytical or numerical models; however, it is consistent with experimental data collected by Fang and Patterson [Acta metall., 1993, 41, 2017] in the W-Ni-Fe system. (C) 1998 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Tikare, V (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 19 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB 13 PY 1998 VL 46 IS 4 BP 1343 EP 1356 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00268-1 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA YZ762 UT WOS:000072289100024 ER PT J AU Zeisel, D Deckert, V Zenobi, R Vo-Dinh, T AF Zeisel, D Deckert, V Zenobi, R Vo-Dinh, T TI Near-field surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of dye molecules adsorbed on silver island films SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; SCALE; PROBE AB We report the combined use of scanning near-field optical microscopy and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to obtain spectral, spatial and chemical information of molecular adsorbates with subwavelength lateral resolution. Near-field SERS spectra of cresyl fast violet and rhodamine 6G on silver substrates are obtained with short exposure times (less than 100 s) and a signal-to-noise ratio of > 20. Spectra from as few as approximate to 300 molecules or less than 10(-2) monolayers adsorbed on about ten silver nanoparticles can be recorded using 200 nm tip apertures. For the near-field spectra, a local Raman enhancement factor of 10(-3) or greater can be derived from a comparison with fluorescence measurements. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 ETH Zurich, Organ Chem Lab, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Adv Monitoring Dev Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zeisel, D (reprint author), ETH Zurich, Organ Chem Lab, Univ Str 16, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. RI Zenobi, Renato/F-1113-2010; Deckert, Volker/I-5537-2016 OI Deckert, Volker/0000-0002-0173-7974 NR 23 TC 113 Z9 116 U1 2 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 13 PY 1998 VL 283 IS 5-6 BP 381 EP 385 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(97)01391-2 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA ZD170 UT WOS:000072658400020 ER PT J AU Quinones, I Guiochon, G AF Quinones, I Guiochon, G TI Extension of a Jovanovic-Freundlich isotherm model to multicomponent adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Preparative Chromatography (PREP 96) CY MAY 19-21, 1996 CL GEORGETOWN UNIV CONF CTR, WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Washington Chromatog Discuss Grp HO GEORGETOWN UNIV CONF CTR DE adsorption isotherms; phenylethanol; phenylpropanol ID PREPARATIVE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; GRADIENT ELUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY; THEORETICAL BAND PROFILES; GAS SOLID CHROMATOGRAPHY; MODIFIED SILICA-GELS; ALKYL BONDED PHASES; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; SINGLE-COMPONENT; MOBILE-PHASE; PERFLUOROALKANOATE ESTERS AB A recently proposed Jovanovic-Freundlich isotherm model for single component adsorption without lateral interactions on heterogeneous surfaces is extended to account for lateral interactions and for competitive adsorption. The model is tested using previously reported single component and competitive adsorption data of 2-phenylethanol and 3-phenylpropanol on ODS-silica with methanol-water as the mobile phase. A comparison is made regarding the ability of the Jovanovic-Freundlich and Langmuir-Freundlich models to predict competitive equilibria using the single component identified parameters. Fair predictions of the competitive data were obtained when using heterogeneous-surface models which do not take into account the possible interactions of phenylalcohols in the adsorbed phase via hydrogen bonding. Markedly improved predictions were obtained with models which account simultaneously for the two main sources of adsorbed phase nonideal behavior, i.e. adsorbate-adsorbate interactions and heterogeneity of the adsorbent surface. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 116 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 13 PY 1998 VL 796 IS 1 BP 15 EP 40 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(97)01096-0 PG 26 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA YY860 UT WOS:000072194300003 PM 9580124 ER PT J AU Koh, JH Guiochon, G AF Koh, JH Guiochon, G TI Effect of the column length on the characteristics of the packed bed and the column efficiency in a dynamic axial compression column SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Preparative Chromatography (PREP 96) CY MAY 19-21, 1996 CL GEORGETOWN UNIV CONF CTR, WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Washington Chromatog Discuss Grp HO GEORGETOWN UNIV CONF CTR DE column length; column efficiency; axial compression; porosity; packing density; preparative chromatography ID CHROMATOGRAPHIC COLUMNS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PACKING MATERIAL; PREPARATIVE CHROMATOGRAPHY; RADIAL HOMOGENEITY; CONSOLIDATION; PERFORMANCE; DISPERSION AB The axial homogeneity of preparative-scale chromatography columns was studied by measuring the overall properties of similar columns differing only by their lengths. The properties investigated were the packing density, the external porosity, the permeability and the column efficiency. Two different materials were used, one made of large, irregular silica particles compressed under either a high or a low degree of stress; the other of small, spherical and rigid particles. The columns made with the spherical particles were more homogeneous, had a higher external porosity and specific permeability, and a higher efficiency than those made with the irregular ones. For this latter material, the columns prepared with a low level of stress were better than those compressed under high stress. The latter ones experienced extensive particle breakage. These results indicate that the long columns are heterogeneous in their axial direction. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 13 PY 1998 VL 796 IS 1 BP 41 EP 57 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00977-1 PG 17 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA YY860 UT WOS:000072194300004 PM 9513281 ER PT J AU Felinger, A Guiochon, G AF Felinger, A Guiochon, G TI Comparing the optimum performance of the different modes of preparative liquid chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Preparative Chromatography (PREP 96) CY MAY 19-21, 1996 CL GEORGETOWN UNIV CONF CTR, WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Washington Chromatog Discuss Grp HO GEORGETOWN UNIV CONF CTR DE preparative chromatography; optimisation; band profiles; production rate ID OPTIMIZING EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS; GRADIENT ELUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY; COLUMN DESIGN PARAMETERS; DISPLACEMENT CHROMATOGRAPHY; OVERLOADED ELUTION; OPTIMIZATION; BAND; SIMULATION AB A comparative study of the optimization of the different modes of the preparative separation of binary mixtures by liquid chromatography is presented. Band profiles were calculated by means of the equilibrium-dispersive model of chromatography in the cases of isocratic elution, gradient elution, and displacement chromatography. The objective function to be maximized was the product of the production rate and the recovery yield. The production rate was calculated using the same definition of the cycle time in all cases. This common definition accounts for column regeneration after each run in each mode of the separation. The calculations reveal that the number of experimental parameters to be adjusted to achieve optimum separations is relatively small. The major parameters are the loading factor and the number of theoretical plates, besides the displacer concentration in displacement chromatography, or the gradient steepness in gradient elution. The relative advantages of the different modes of preparative chromatography are discussed. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Veszprem, Dept Analyt Chem, H-8200 Veszprem, Hungary. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Felinger, Attila/A-1595-2008 OI Felinger, Attila/0000-0001-7130-1968 NR 24 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 13 PY 1998 VL 796 IS 1 BP 59 EP 74 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(97)01075-3 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA YY860 UT WOS:000072194300005 PM 9513282 ER PT J AU Jandera, P Komers, D Guiochon, G AF Jandera, P Komers, D Guiochon, G TI Optimization of the recovery yield and of the production rate in overloaded gradient-elution reversed-phase chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Preparative Chromatography (PREP 96) CY MAY 19-21, 1996 CL GEORGETOWN UNIV CONF CTR, WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Washington Chromatog Discuss Grp HO GEORGETOWN UNIV CONF CTR DE gradient elution; preparative chromatography; overloading; recovery yield; production rate; optimization; band profiles; phenol; cresols ID PREPARATIVE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MOBILE-PHASE; SINGLE-COMPONENT; PROTEIN SAMPLES; PARTICLE-SIZE; SEPARATION; BAND; SIMULATIONS; UTILITY; PEPTIDE AB To investigate the effects of various parameters on the production rate and on the recovery yield in overloaded reversed-phase gradient-elution chromatography, band profiles of binary mixtures of phenol and o-cresol were calculated using the experimental parameters of the distribution isotherms determined by binary frontal analysis. The effects of the feed volume and of the steepness of a continuous gradient (gradient time) of methanol in aqueous-organic mobile phases on the separation were studied. if the sample feed in a solvent with weak elution strength is used, combined effects of on-column enrichment, frontal chromatography and sharpening of the later eluted bands may enhance the production rate and the recovery yield. Steep continuous gradients offer better results than isocratic elution if the feed is dissolved in water and injected into the mobile phase with a higher elution strength, because larger volumes of dilute feed can be separated with high recovery yields. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Pardubice, Dept Analyt Chem, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jandera, P (reprint author), Univ Pardubice, Dept Analyt Chem, Nam Legii 565, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic. NR 30 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 13 PY 1998 VL 796 IS 1 BP 115 EP 127 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(97)01102-3 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA YY860 UT WOS:000072194300009 PM 9513286 ER PT J AU Richter, B AF Richter, B TI Multilab partnerships SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Richter, B (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 13 PY 1998 VL 279 IS 5353 BP 963 EP + PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA YX100 UT WOS:000072006400003 ER PT J AU Castro-Tirado, AJ Gorosabel, J Benitez, N Wolf, C Fockenbrock, R Martinez-Gonzalez, E Kristen, H Broeils, A Pedersen, H Greiner, J Costa, E Feroci, M Piro, L Frontera, F Nicastro, L Palazzi, E Bartolini, C Guarnieri, A Masetti, N Piccioni, A Mignoli, M Wold, M Lacy, M Birkle, K Broadhurst, T Brandt, S Lund, N AF Castro-Tirado, AJ Gorosabel, J Benitez, N Wolf, C Fockenbrock, R Martinez-Gonzalez, E Kristen, H Broeils, A Pedersen, H Greiner, J Costa, E Feroci, M Piro, L Frontera, F Nicastro, L Palazzi, E Bartolini, C Guarnieri, A Masetti, N Piccioni, A Mignoli, M Wold, M Lacy, M Birkle, K Broadhurst, T Brandt, S Lund, N TI Photometry and spectroscopy of the GRB 970508 optical counterpart SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; VARIABILITY; EMISSION; MODELS AB An optical transient within the error box of the gamma ray burst GRB 970508 was imaged 4 hours after the event. It displayed a strong ultraviolet excess, and reached maximum brightness 2 days later. The optical spectra did not show any emission lines, and no variations on time scales of minutes were observed for 1 hour during the decline phase. According to the fireball and afterglow models, the intensity should rise monotonically before the observed optical maximum, but the data indicate that another physical mechanism may be responsible for the constant phase seen during the first hours after the burst. C1 INTA, Lab Astrofis Espacial & Fis Fundamental, Madrid, Spain. Inst Fis Cantabria, Santander, Spain. Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Stockholm Observ, Saltsjobaden, Sweden. Copenhagen Univ Observ, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. Inst Astrophys, Potsdam, Germany. CNR, Ist Astrofis Spaziale, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. CNR, Ist Tecnol & Studio Radiazioni Extraterr, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, Bologna, Italy. Osservatorio Astron Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Nucl & Astrophys Lab, Oxford, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Danish Space Res Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Castro-Tirado, AJ (reprint author), INTA, Lab Astrofis Espacial & Fis Fundamental, Madrid, Spain. RI PIRO, LUIGI/E-4954-2013; Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique/E-9534-2015; Palazzi, Eliana/N-4746-2015; Mignoli, Marco/O-9426-2015; OI PIRO, LUIGI/0000-0003-4159-3984; Benitez, Narciso/0000-0002-0403-7455; Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique/0000-0002-0179-8590; Mignoli, Marco/0000-0002-9087-2835; Feroci, Marco/0000-0002-7617-3421; Palazzi, Eliana/0000-0002-8691-7666; Castro-Tirado, A. J./0000-0003-2999-3563; Costa, Enrico/0000-0003-4925-8523 NR 46 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 13 PY 1998 VL 279 IS 5353 BP 1011 EP 1014 DI 10.1126/science.279.5353.1011 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA YX100 UT WOS:000072006400041 ER PT J AU Nieh, TG Wadsworth, J AF Nieh, TG Wadsworth, J TI Improved microyield strength in beryllium produced by vapor deposition SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Nieh, TG (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-369, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Nieh, Tai-Gang/G-5912-2011 OI Nieh, Tai-Gang/0000-0002-2814-3746 NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD FEB 13 PY 1998 VL 38 IS 6 BP 863 EP 868 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(97)00572-1 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA ZA001 UT WOS:000072317800002 ER PT J AU Misra, A Chu, F Mitchell, TE AF Misra, A Chu, F Mitchell, TE TI Elastic properties of the intermetallic compound ReSi2 SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Misra, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MS K-765, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD FEB 13 PY 1998 VL 38 IS 6 BP 917 EP 921 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(97)00564-2 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA ZA001 UT WOS:000072317800009 ER PT J AU Cheng, XY Wan, XJ Guo, JT Liu, CT AF Cheng, XY Wan, XJ Guo, JT Liu, CT TI Effect of Zr and B on environmental embrittlement in Ni(3)AI alloys SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID POLYCRYSTALLINE NI3AL; BORON; SEGREGATION C1 Shanghai Univ, Inst Mat Res, Shanghai, Peoples R China. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Met Res, Shenyang, Peoples R China. RP Cheng, XY (reprint author), Shanghai Univ, Inst Mat Res, Shanghai, Peoples R China. NR 13 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD FEB 13 PY 1998 VL 38 IS 6 BP 959 EP 964 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(97)00563-0 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA ZA001 UT WOS:000072317800015 ER PT J AU Kachru, S Silverstein, E AF Kachru, S Silverstein, E TI Self-dual nonsupersymmetric type II string compactifications SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE superstring vacua; string duality; supersymmetry breaking ID PAIRS AB It has recently been proposed that certain nonsupersymmetric type II orbifolds have vanishing perturbative contributions to the cosmological constant. We show that techniques of Sen and Vafa allow one to construct dual type II descriptions of these models (some of which have no weakly coupled heterotic dual). The dual type II models are given by the same orbifolds with the string coupling S and a T-2 volume T exchanged. This allows us to argue that in various strongly coupled limits of the original type II models, there are weakly coupled duals which exhibit the same perturbative cancellations as the original models. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Kachru, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kachru@thsrv.lbl.gov; evas@slac.stanford.edu NR 15 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB 12 PY 1998 IS 11 AR 001 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 200CT UT WOS:000080522600001 ER PT J AU Kachru, S Oz, Y Yin, Z AF Kachru, S Oz, Y Yin, Z TI Matrix description of intersecting M5 branes SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE conformal field models in string theory; M(atrix) theories ID SUPERSYMMETRIC GAUGE-THEORIES; DIMENSIONS; MODEL AB Novel 3+1 dimensional N = 2 superconformal field theories (with tensionless BPS string solitons) are believed to arise when two sets of M5 branes intersect over a 3+1 dimensional hyperplane. We derive a DLCQ description of these theories as supersymmetric quantum mechanics on the Higgs branch of suitable 4d N = 1 supersymmetric gauge theories. Our formulation allows us to determine the scaling dimensions of certain chiral primary operators in the conformal field theories. We also discuss general criteria for quantum mechanical DLCQ descriptions of supersymmetric field theories (and the resulting multiplicities and scaling dimensions of chiral primary operators). C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM kachru@thsrv.lbl.gov; Yaron.Oz@cern.ch; zyin@socrates.berkeley.edu NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB 12 PY 1998 IS 11 AR 004 PG 24 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 200CT UT WOS:000080522600004 ER PT J AU Ooguri, H Skenderis, K AF Ooguri, H Skenderis, K TI On the field theory limit of D-instantons SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE p-branes; D-branes ID MATRIX MODEL; P-BRANES AB We study the dilaton/axion configuration near D-instantons in type IIB superstring theory. In the field theory limit, the metric near the instantons becomes at in the string frame as well as in the Einstein frame. In the large N limit, the string coupling constant becomes zero except near the origin. The supersymmetry of this configuration is analyzed. An implication of this result to the IIB Matrix Model is discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Utrecht, Spinoza Inst, NL-3584 CE Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Ooguri, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ooguri@thsrv.lbl.gov; K.Skenderis@phys.uu.nl RI Ooguri, Hirosi/A-4407-2011; OI Ooguri, Hirosi/0000-0001-6021-3778 NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB 12 PY 1998 IS 11 AR 013 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 200CT UT WOS:000080522600013 ER PT J AU Xie, GF Habbersett, RC Jia, YW Peterson, SR Lehnert, BE Bradbury, EM D'Anna, JA AF Xie, GF Habbersett, RC Jia, YW Peterson, SR Lehnert, BE Bradbury, EM D'Anna, JA TI Requirements for p53 and the ATM gene product in the regulation of G1/S and S phase checkpoints SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE gamma radiation; DNA replication; flow cytometry; cyclin-dependent kinases; p53(-/-) mouse fibroblasts; ataxia telangiectasia ID CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES; CELL-CYCLE; ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA; DNA-SYNTHESIS; RADIATION; FIBROBLASTS; ARREST; GROWTH; MICE; INHIBITION AB We investigated the requirements for protein p53 and the ATM gene product in radiation-induced inhibition of DNA synthesis and regulation of the cyclin E/ and cyclin A/cyclin dependent kinases (Cdks), Wild mouse lung fibroblasts (MLFs), p53(-/-) knock-out, normal human skin fibroblasts (HSF-55), and human AT skin fibroblasts (GM02052) were used in the investigations, The absence of p53 had no significant effect on the inhibition or recovery of DNA synthesis throughout the S phase, as determined from BrdU labeling and flow cytometry, or the rapid inhibition of cyclin A/Cdks., gamma: radiation (8 Gy) inhibited DNA synthesis and progression into G2 during the first 3 h after irradiation, and the recovery of these processes occurred at similar rates in both WT and p53(-/-) MLFs., The cyclin A/Cdks were inhibited 55-70% at Ih after irradiation in both cell types, but 921(WAF1/Clp1) levels or p21 interaction with Cdk2 did not increase in the irradiated p53(-/-) MLFs., Although p53(-/-) MLFs do not exhibit prolonged arrest at a G1 checkpoint, radiation did induce a rapid 20% reduction and small super-recovery of cyclin E/Cdk2 within 1-2 h after irradiation, Similar inhibition and recovery of cyclin E/Cdk2 previously had been associated with regulation of transient G1 delay and the inhibition of initiation at an apparent G1/S checkpoint in Chinese hamster cells, In contrast, loss of the ATM gene product abrogated transient cyclin E/Cdk2 inhibition, most inhibition of DNA synthesis and all, but a 10-15% inhibition, of the cyclin A/Cdks, The results indicate that neither p53 nor p21 is required for transient inhibition of cyclin E/Cdk2 associated with the G1/S checkpoint or for inhibition of DNA synthesis at 'checkpoints' within the S phase, Conversely, the ATM gene product appears to be essential for regulation of the G1/S checkpoint and for inhibition of DNA replication the inhibition of cyclin A/Cdk2., of DNA synthesis inhibition among cell types are presented and discussed in the context of S phase checkpoints,. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP D'Anna, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41-RR01315] NR 40 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD FEB 12 PY 1998 VL 16 IS 6 BP 721 EP 736 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1201793 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA YW403 UT WOS:000071931800004 PM 9488036 ER PT J AU Morris, CL Zumbro, JD McGill, JA Seestrom, SJ Whitton, RM Reidel, CM Williams, AL Braunstein, MR Kohler, MD Kriss, BJ Hoibraten, S Ouyang, J Peterson, RJ Wise, JE AF Morris, CL Zumbro, JD McGill, JA Seestrom, SJ Whitton, RM Reidel, CM Williams, AL Braunstein, MR Kohler, MD Kriss, BJ Hoibraten, S Ouyang, J Peterson, RJ Wise, JE TI Evidence for Delta(-) components in nuclei SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-CHARGE-EXCHANGE; PION; SCATTERING AB Ratios of double-differential cross sections for incident 500-MeV pions are presented for (pi(+),pi(+)p) and (pi(+),pi(-)p) reactions on C-12,C-13,Zr-90, and Pb-208. A comparison with intra-nuclear cascade-model calculations suggest that the outgoing pion spectra show a feature consistent with quasi-free scattering from the Delta(-) component of the nuclear ground state wave function. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. MIT, Bates Linear Accelerator Ctr, Middleton, MA 01949 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Morris, CL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 21 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 12 PY 1998 VL 419 IS 1-4 BP 25 EP 29 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)01453-6 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA ZH794 UT WOS:000073148300005 ER PT J AU Bar-Shalom, S Atwood, D Soni, A AF Bar-Shalom, S Atwood, D Soni, A TI Two Higgs doublet models and CP violating Higgs exchange in e(+)e(-)-> t(t)over-bar-Z SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID CHANGING NEUTRAL CURRENTS; SCALAR INTERACTIONS; LINEAR COLLIDERS; DECAYS AB Appreciable CP asymmetries (similar to 10%) can arise in the reaction E(+)e(-) --> t(t) over barZ$ already at tree-level in models with two Higgs doublets. For a neutral Higgs particle, h, with a mass in the range 50 GeV less than or similar to m(h) less than or similar to 400 GeV, it may be possible to detect a 2-3 sigma CP-odd effect in e(+) e(-) --> t(t) over barZ$ in similar to 1-2 years of running of a future high energy e(+)e(-) collider with c.m. energies of similar to 1-2 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 200-500 inverse fb. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bar-Shalom, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 12 PY 1998 VL 419 IS 1-4 BP 340 EP 347 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)01039-3 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA ZH794 UT WOS:000073148300050 ER PT J AU Thieberger, P AF Thieberger, P TI Space-charge limitations for different injection schemes at the Brookhaven relativistic heavy-ion accelerator complex SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE heavy-ion injectors; heavy-ion collider; space-charge effects AB Two different ion source choices for the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) are discussed from the point of view of intensity limitations to be expected from early space-charge beam blowup effects. Simple scaling considerations indicate that such effects will be more difficult to mitigate for a proposed high-charge state EBIS-ion-source-RFQ-Linac system and single-turn AGS Booster injection as compared to the existing negative ion source - Tandem Van de Graaff multi-turn injection scheme, making it questionable whether present intensities will be matched or exceeded. Also, some presently possible avenues to larger intensities wouldn't be available with the new system. New ion sources should be planned as complements - not substitutes - for the present system because large heavy-ion facilities, in general, require multiple injectors and because RHIC, the largest of them all will have an injector complex that will also serve other applications. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Tandem Van de Graaff Facil, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Thieberger, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Tandem Van de Graaff Facil, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 11 PY 1998 VL 404 IS 1 BP 25 EP 28 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(97)01170-4 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA YV273 UT WOS:000071806700004 ER PT J AU Halpern, JP Moran, EC AF Halpern, JP Moran, EC TI X-ray and optical spectroscopy of IRAS 20181-2244: Not a type 2 QSO but A I Zw 1 object SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, active; galaxies, individual (IRAS 20181-2244); galaxies, Seyfert; infrared, galaxies; X-rays, galaxies ID SEYFERT-GALAXY; ACTIVE GALAXIES; QUASAR; DISCOVERY; ROSAT; EMISSION; SPECTRA; CYGNUS; NUCLEI AB We analyze new optical spectra of IRAS 20181 - 2244 that confirm its classification as a I Zw 1 object (or narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy), one of 20 such objects detected in the ROSAT/IRAS all-sky survey. ASCA X-ray data on IRAS 20181 - 2244 support this classification since they are fitted by a simple power-law spectrum of Gamma = 2.37 +/- 0.09 that is typical of this class but steeper than that of ordinary Seyfert 1 or Seyfert 2 galaxies. Rapid X-ray variability is also observed in IRAS 20181 - 2244, ruling out a hidden/scattered QSO interpretation for this object. Its 0.5 - 10 keV luminosity is 5.5 x 10(44) ergs s(-1) and its variability signifies an efficiency of at least 4 % for conversion of gravitational energy to X-rays. We discuss the important differences between the I Zw 1 class and the "type 2 QSO," or high-luminosity Seyfert 2 galaxy. While I Zw 1 objects of QSO-like luminosity are ubiquitous in infrared, optical, and soft X-ray selected samples, type 2 QSOs are rare, and there is a dearth of evidence for even a single one in X-rays. It is not clear how this imbalance relates to unified models of AGNs. C1 Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94450 USA. RP Halpern, JP (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 494 IS 1 BP 194 EP 201 DI 10.1086/305202 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA YY520 UT WOS:000072155800016 ER PT J AU Alcock, C Allsman, RA Alves, DR Axelrod, TS Becker, AC Bennett, DP Cook, KH Freeman, KC Griest, K Gould, A Guern, JA Lehner, MJ Marshall, SL Minniti, D Peterson, BA Popowski, P Pratt, MR Quinn, PJ Rodgers, AW Stubbs, CW Sutherland, W Vandehei, T Welch, DL AF Alcock, C Allsman, RA Alves, DR Axelrod, TS Becker, AC Bennett, DP Cook, KH Freeman, KC Griest, K Gould, A Guern, JA Lehner, MJ Marshall, SL Minniti, D Peterson, BA Popowski, P Pratt, MR Quinn, PJ Rodgers, AW Stubbs, CW Sutherland, W Vandehei, T Welch, DL CA MACHO Collaborat TI The zero point of extinction toward Baade's window from RR Lyrae stars SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dust, extinction; stars, variables, other (RR Lyrae) ID GALACTIC BULGE; PHOTOMETRY; STELLAR AB We measure the zero point of the Stanek extinction map by comparing the observed (V-K) colors of 20 RR Lyrae stars (type ab) found in the MACHO survey with their intrinsic (V-K)(0) colors as a function of period as determined from nearby RR Lyrae stars. We find that the zero point of the Stanek map should be changed by Delta A(V) = -0.11 +/- 0.05 mag, in excellent agreement with the recent measurement of Gould, Popowski, & Terndrup using K giants. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. RP Alcock, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; Quinn, Peter/B-3638-2013 OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 494 IS 1 BP 396 EP 399 DI 10.1086/305206 PN 1 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA YY520 UT WOS:000072155800031 ER PT J AU Ryutova, M Scherrer, P AF Ryutova, M Scherrer, P TI A new method for diagnostics of solar magnetic fields and flows from time-distance analysis SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE convection; plasmas; Sun, magnetic fields ID RANDOM INHOMOGENEITIES; SOUND-WAVES; P-MODES; OSCILLATIONS; PROPAGATION; ABSORPTION; SUNSPOTS AB We propose a new method to obtain information on plasma flows and magnetic fields below the visible solar surface using time-distance measurements. The method is based on sine and cosine transforms of propagation times measured as a function of direction. The method allows one to sort out various characteristics of the subsurface medium, the flows, magnetic fields and their nonuniformities, and is less sensitive to the measurement errors. We discuss the parity properties of various contributions to the propagation times with respect to forward and backward directions and show how these properties allow separation of the effects of magnetic field and flows, as well as separation of the horizontal components from the vertical. It is shown that the first harmonics contain information on the direction and absolute value of the velocity, while the second harmonics are sensitive to the orientation and absolute value of horizontal magnetic fields and spatial gradients of the flow velocity. We discuss the effects of discrete mesh on the accuracy of measurements of the propagation time. An advantage of the method is in its intrinsic invariance with respect to the choice of the coordinate frame. The method provides an automatic rule of assigning proper weights to every observation points. We give estimates of the accuracy of the reconstruction of the flow held over distances comparable with the scale of the convection. We also present the "magnetic" corrections to the propagation time in a vertically stratified medium. C1 Stanford Univ, Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ryutova, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 494 IS 1 BP 438 EP + DI 10.1086/305177 PN 1 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA YY520 UT WOS:000072155800036 ER PT J AU Szapudi, I Szalay, AS AF Szapudi, I Szalay, AS TI A new class of estimators for the N-point correlations SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology, theory; galaxies, statistics; large-scale structure of universe; methods, statistical ID ANGULAR-CORRELATION FUNCTIONS; GALAXY CORRELATION-FUNCTION; HIGHER-ORDER STATISTICS; EXTRAGALACTIC OBJECTS; CATALOGS; COUNTS AB A class of improved estimators is proposed for N-point correlation functions of galaxy clustering and for discrete spatial random processes in general. In the limit of weak clustering, the variance of the unbiased estimator converges to the continuum value much faster than with any alternative, and all terms giving rise to a slower convergence exactly cancel. Explicit variance formulae are provided for both Poisson and multinomial point processes using techniques for spatial statistics reported by Ripley. The formalism naturally includes most previously used statistical tools such as N-point correlation functions and their Fourier counterparts, moments of counts in cells, and moment correlators. For all these, and perhaps some other statistics, our estimator provides a straightforward means for efficient edge corrections. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Szapudi, I (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Phys, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. NR 30 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 494 IS 1 BP L41 EP L44 DI 10.1086/311146 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA YY522 UT WOS:000072156000010 ER PT J AU Zheng, P Liu, CL Xi, Z Smith, RD Goldberg, IH AF Zheng, P Liu, CL Xi, Z Smith, RD Goldberg, IH TI Characterization of a novel covalent monoadduct on the RNA overhang of an RNA-DNA hybrid induced by antitumor antibiotic neocarzinostatin SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETER; SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC CLEAVAGE; SITE-SPECIFIC CLEAVAGE; ION ACCUMULATION; CHROMOPHORE; ACTIVATION; MECHANISM; CHEMISTRY; DAMAGE; STRAND AB Neocarzinostatin chromophore (NCS-chrom) has been found previously to induce thiol-dependent abasic site formation and cleavage on the RNA strand of RNA-DNA hybrids. When a four-base nucleotide was deleted from the 5' end of the DNA strand, however, an unexpected product with slow mobility, potentially a drug adduct or interstrand cross-linked material, was observed instead. End-labeling of the RNA and DNA strands showed that only the RNA strand is present in the product. The product, isolated from a denaturing polyacrylamide gel, has a fluorescence spectrum similar to that of activated NCS-chrom, and thiols with different charges give rise to products with various mobilities on the,eel, indicating that the product consists of a drug adduct with NCS-chrom and thiol attached to the RNA strand of the hybrid. Mass spectroscopic (MS) analysis shows that it is a monoadduct. Chemical sequencing of 5'- and 3'-end-labeled monoadduct and MS/MS data show that drug is attached only to the U9 of the RNA in the hybrid 5'-r(CACAGAAUU9CG)/5'-d(TTCTGTG). Unlike most other DNA adducts and cross-linked products found previously, this adduct can be formed readily in the presence of atmospheric oxygen, 2'-O-Methyl and 2'-H substitutions and nucleotide replacements on the 4-base RNA overhang affect monoadduct formation to different extents, reflecting the existence of a tight three-dimensional binding pocket for the activated drug. Stability of drug adduct to heat and aniline-HOAc treatment suggests that the drug is covalently bound to the ribose of U9. Since no deuterium isotope selection effect was observed for C-1' of U9, it is possible, although not required, that the drug abstracts H from another hydrogen source on the sugar of the targeted ribonucleotide. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Goldberg, IH (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, 250 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 53793] NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 6 BP 1706 EP 1713 DI 10.1021/bi972659w PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA YY272 UT WOS:000072130500028 PM 9484242 ER PT J AU Bhattacharyya, D Hazra, TK Behnke, WD Chong, PLG Kurosky, A Lee, JC Mitra, S AF Bhattacharyya, D Hazra, TK Behnke, WD Chong, PLG Kurosky, A Lee, JC Mitra, S TI Reversible folding of Ada protein (O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) of Escherichia coli SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALKYLATING-AGENTS; ADAPTIVE RESPONSE; DNA; REPAIR; PURIFICATION; MECHANISM; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION; INDUCTION; INHIBITOR AB The multifunctional 39 kDa Escherichia coli Ada protein (O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) (EC 2.1.1.63), product of the ada gene, is a monomeric globular polypeptide with two distinct alkylacceptor activities located in two domains. The two domains are of nearly equal size and are connected by a hinge region. The Ada protein accepts stoichiometrically the alkyl group from O-6-alkylguanine in DNA at the Cys-321 residue and from alkyl phosphotriester at the Cys-69 residue. This protein functions in DNA repair by direct dealkylation of mutagenic O-6-alkylguanine. The protein methylated at Cys-69 becomes a transcriptional activator of the genes in the ada regulon, including its own. Each of the two domains functions independently as an alkyl acceptor. The purified homogeneous protein is unstable at 37 degrees C and spontaneously loses about 30% of its secondary structure in less than 30 min concomitant with a complete loss of activity. However, sedimentation equilibrium studies indicated that the inactive protein remains in the monomeric form without aggregation. Furthermore, electrospray mass spectroscopic analysis indicated the absence of oxidation of the inactive protein, This temperature-dependent inactivation of the Ada protein is inhibited by DNA. In the presence of increasing concentrations of urea or guanidine, the protein gradually loses more than 80% of its structure. The two alkyl acceptor activities appear to be differentially sensitive to unfolding and the phosphotriester methyltransferase activity is resistant to 7 M urea. The partial or complete unfolding induced by urea or guanidine is completely reversed within seconds by removal of the denaturant. The heat-coagulated protein can also be restored to full activity by cycling it through treatment with 8 M urea or 6 M guanidine. These results suggest that the nascent or unfolded Ada polypeptide folds to a metastable form which is active and that the thermodynamically stable structure is partially unfolded and inactive. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Mol Sci, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Div Biol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. Meharry Med Coll, Dept Biochem, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Human Biol Chem & Genet, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. RP Mitra, S (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Mol Sci, Route 1079, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA31721]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES06676, ES07572] NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 6 BP 1722 EP 1730 DI 10.1021/bi971852n PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA YY272 UT WOS:000072130500030 PM 9484244 ER PT J AU Garcia, AL Alder, BJ AF Garcia, AL Alder, BJ TI Generation of the Chapman-Enskog distribution SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB A pair of simple, efficient, and robust algorithms for generating random velocities sampled from the Chapman-Enskog distribution is presented, (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Computat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. RP Garcia, AL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Computat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 10 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 140 IS 1 BP 66 EP 70 DI 10.1006/jcph.1998.5889 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA ZD984 UT WOS:000072745400004 ER PT J AU Lewis, CJ Stock, JM AF Lewis, CJ Stock, JM TI Paleomagnetic evidence of localized vertical axis rotation during Neogene extension, Sierra San Fermin, northeastern Baja California, Mexico SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID WESTERN TRANSVERSE RANGES; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; TECTONIC ROTATIONS; PLATE MOTIONS; SOUTHWESTERN NEVADA; BLOCK ROTATION; MOJAVE DESERT; MIOCENE; FAULT; DEFORMATION AB Paleomagnetic data from Sierra San Fermin in the Gulf of California Extensional Province indicate that localized clockwise rotations about vertical axes occurred during Pliocene through Recent extension and dextral shear. Relative declination discordances in upper Miocene and Pliocene ash flow tuffs indicate a net clockwise rotation of 30 degrees +/- 16 degrees. Clockwise rotation between 12.5 and 6 Ma is statistically insignificant (11 degrees +/- 17 degrees). Structural observations and geochronological data suggest that rotations in this area began post-6 Ma, comprising uniform-sense block rotations (oblique divergence) associated with extension and dextral slip in the northwest striking boundary between the Pacific and North American plates. Northeast striking sinistral-slip faults and north striking normal faults accommodate distributed dextral shear in this area, allowing fault blocks to rotate in a clockwise sense. A model for oblique divergence predicts similar to 21 lan of shear in the direction of relative plate motion and similar to 20% (similar to 7 km) ENE directed extension, perpendicular to the Main Gulf Escarpment. A broad region of northeastern Baja California may have undergone similar distributed shear. Two possible dynamic models may explain this shear. In one model, rotation accumulates above a deep, subhorizontal, basal shear zone. Rotating blocks may extend downward to a detachment beneath the extensional province, either a low-angle eastward continuation of the San Pedro Martir fault or to a basal shear surface on top of a subducted remnant of the Farallon plate. Alternatively, distributed dextral shear may be the surface manifestation of a deep vertical shear zone linking transform faults in the northern gulf with dextral transpeninsular faults. In either case, shear may have transferred northward onto faults west of the San Andreas fault, contributing to late Miocene to Recent clockwise rotation of the Western Transverse Ranges. This shear is not accounted for in the 300 km of dextral slip computed from cross-gulf geologic tie points. C1 CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lewis, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, EES-1,MS D462, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM clewis@lanl.gov; jstock@gps.caltech.edu OI Stock, Joann Miriam/0000-0003-4816-7865 NR 90 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 103 IS B2 BP 2455 EP 2470 DI 10.1029/97JB02673 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA YW382 UT WOS:000071929600005 ER PT J AU Vasco, DW Johnson, LR AF Vasco, DW Johnson, LR TI Whole earth structure estimated from seismic arrival times SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID CORE-MANTLE BOUNDARY; DIFFERENTIAL TRAVEL-TIMES; OVERTONE WAVEFORM INVERSION; OUTERMOST LIQUID CORE; INNER-CORE; VELOCITY STRUCTURE; BODY WAVES; P-VELOCITY; LATERAL HETEROGENEITY; ASPHERICAL STRUCTURE AB The arrival times of 10 compressional and shear phases (P, S, PP, PcP, SS, ScS, PKPab, PKPbc, PKPdf, SKSac) and two sets of differential times (SS - S410S and SS - S660S) are used to infer the Earth's three-dimensional structure. With the exception of SS - SdS, the raw data are composed of arrival times from the International Seismological Centre (ISC) catalogue. The ISC events have been relocated using P and S phases and the ak135 radial Earth model. A total of 818,655 summary arrival times constrain lateral velocity variations in the crust, mantle, and core. We also determine relocation parameters for all events stations corrections for each phase, boundary topography (410 km, 660 km, core-mantle boundary, inner core boundary), and inner core anisotropy variations. Our model of P and S velocity variations in the crust and mantle contains the general features observed in other body wave inversions: a low-velocity ring around the Pacific Ocean basin in the depth range 35-400 km, high-velocity anomalies associated with subducting slabs most prominent in the depth range 660-1070 km, and high-velocity anomalies surrounding the Pacific basin just above the core-mantle boundary. In the outer core there is evidence of a latitudinal variation in velocity, approaching 0.6% in magnitude, with lower P velocities at the poles and higher velocities near the equator.-This pattern is observed throughout the outer core but is most prominent in the depth range 3671-4071 km and near the inner core boundary. Synthetic tests indicate that outer core features are moderately resolvable and inversions of random arrival times indicates that the anomalies are a factor of 2 above the estimated parameter noise level. Lateral heterogeneity in the inner core trades off with anisotropy resulting in poor resolution of isotropic velocity variations. Anisotropy in the inner core is predominantly subparallel to the Earth's axis and of the order of 3% but this value can decrease if more inner core isotropic lateral heterogeneity is allowed. A comparison of structure above and below the core-mantle boundary (CMB) indicates that velocity heterogeneity is uncorrelated across the CMB, but there is a moderate correlation between CMB topograpy and outer core heterogeneity. An inversion in which the PKPdf residuals were absent indicates that the latitudinal pattern of outer core velocity variations is not due to the influence of inner core velocity structure. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Ctr Computat Seismol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Seismol Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vasco, DW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Ctr Computat Seismol, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dwvasco@lbl.gov; lrj@ccs.lbl.gov RI Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016 OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628 NR 97 TC 97 Z9 100 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 103 IS B2 BP 2633 EP 2671 DI 10.1029/97JB02623 PG 39 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA YW382 UT WOS:000071929600016 ER PT J AU Taylor, SR Hartse, HE AF Taylor, SR Hartse, HE TI A procedure for estimation of source and propagation amplitude corrections for regional seismic discriminants SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID MAGNITUDE RELATIONS; NTS EXPLOSIONS; EARTHQUAKES; ATTENUATION; WESTERN; EXCITATION; SPECTRA; PHASES; MOMENT; NEVADA AB We outline a procedure for the estimation of frequency-dependent source and propagation amplitude corrections for regional seismic discriminants (source path amplitude correction (SPAC)). For a given station and phase a number of well-recorded earthquakes are inverted for source and path corrections. The method assumes a simple Brune [1970] earthquake-source model and a simple propagation model consisting of a frequency-independent geometrical spreading and frequency-dependent power law e. The inverted low-frequency levels are then regressed against mb to derive a set of corrections that are a function of m(b) and distance. Once a set of corrections is derived, effects of source scaling and distance as a function of frequency are applied to amplitudes from new events prior to forming discrimination ratios. The resulting discriminants are normally distributed and amenable to multivariate feature selection, classification, and outlier techniques. To date, most discrimination studies have removed distance corrections once a particular amplitude ratio is formed (distance corrected ratio (DCR)). DCR generally works well for phase ratios taken in a particular frequency band. However, when different frequency bands are combined (for phase spectral ratios or cross spectral ratios), significant source-scaling effects (e.g., corner-frequency scaling) can remain, causing the discriminants to vary as a function of event size and to be nonnormally distributed. It is then often necessary to construct nonphysical transformations in an attempt to make the discriminants multivariate normal. The SPAC technique can be used to construct discriminants that are multivariate normal by using simple physical seismic source and propagation models. Moreover, phase amplitude residuals as a function of frequency can be spatially averaged and used as additional path-specific corrections to correct for additional propagation effects such as phase blockages. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Geophys Grp, EES 3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Taylor, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Geophys Grp, EES 3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hartse@lanl.gov; taylor@lanl.gov NR 30 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 103 IS B2 BP 2781 EP 2789 DI 10.1029/97JB03292 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA YW382 UT WOS:000071929600023 ER PT J AU Cuello, GJ Bermejo, FJ Fayos, R Fernandez-Perea, R Trouw, F Tam, C Schober, H AF Cuello, GJ Bermejo, FJ Fayos, R Fernandez-Perea, R Trouw, F Tam, C Schober, H TI Microscopic dynamics in glycerol: a key to understanding some aspects of its relaxational behaviour SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COHERENT NEUTRON-SCATTERING; VISCOUS GLYCEROL; GLASS AB The onset of relaxational (i.e., stochastic, zero-frequency) motions in the supercooled liquid phase of glycerol is monitored by means of neutron quasielastic scattering. In common with previous reports, the observed linewidths are well in excess of the hydrodynamic prediction even at relatively low momentum transfers. The microscopic mechanism leading to such a deviation is discussed, taking recent crystal dynamics results as a reference. C1 CSIC, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. RP Cuello, GJ (reprint author), CSIC, Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. RI Cuello, Gabriel/C-5831-2009; Fernandez-Perea, Ricardo/E-9118-2016 OI Cuello, Gabriel/0000-0003-3844-0602; Fernandez-Perea, Ricardo/0000-0002-4011-2344 NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 93 IS 2 BP 341 EP 346 DI 10.1080/002689798169357 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA YV150 UT WOS:000071794400016 ER PT J AU Lanzara, A Saini, NL Bianconi, A Chou, FC Johnston, DC AF Lanzara, A Saini, NL Bianconi, A Chou, FC Johnston, DC TI Anomalous structural modulations in La2CuO4.1 SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; CENTERED LATTICE INSTABILITIES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL LA2CUO4+DELTA; AXIAL OXYGEN; CUO2 PLANE; PHASE-SEPARATION; SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSITION; ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ANHARMONIC SYSTEMS AB Cu K-edge Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) measurements have been made to understand the local structure of superconducting La2CuO4.1 single crystal. The temperature dependent correlated Debye-Waller factors of Cu-O(planar) and Cu-La pairs show anomalous behavior at similar to 170 K. This temperature has been assigned to the ordering of CuO6 octahedral tiltings. The results show an interplay between the structural modulation of the perovskite and rock-salt layers in the title compound. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Rome La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rome La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bianconi, A (reprint author), Univ Rome La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, P Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy. RI Bianconi, Antonio/J-3997-2013; Saini, Naurang/J-7918-2013 OI Bianconi, Antonio/0000-0001-9795-3913; Saini, Naurang/0000-0003-3684-1517 NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 296 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(97)01823-6 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ZK258 UT WOS:000073301200002 ER PT J AU Hansen, CS Calaway, WF King, BV Pellin, MJ AF Hansen, CS Calaway, WF King, BV Pellin, MJ TI Energy and yield distributions of calcium atoms and clusters undergoing 4 keV Ar+-ion bombardment SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alkaline earth metals; clusters; ion bombardment; ion-solid interactions; laser methods; secondary ion mass spectrometry; sputtering ID NEUTRAL SILVER CLUSTERS; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; SPUTTERING YIELDS; METAL-CLUSTERS; O CLUSTERS; GROUP-IIIA; CA-O; FLUORESCENCE; ELEMENTS; TARGETS AB To date, studies on neutral clusters ejected from metal surfaces under ion bombardment have been reported for metals having only a limited range of dimer dissociation energies (1.6-2 eV). The fact that calcium has a dimer dissociation energy of only 0.14 eV makes it an attractive candidate for expanding our understanding of the role dissociation energy plays in cluster formation. In this paper we report the first observations of bare-metal calcium clusters up to the pentamer, as well as a study of the energy and yield distributions for the atom and clusters up to the trimer. We report a measured total sputter yield of one calcium atom per normally incident 4 keV Ar+ ion. Results for the energy distributions concur with previous findings, whereas yield distribution results exhibit remarkably different behavior than expected. The slope of the power law fit to the relative sputter yield distribution (-15) is much steeper than expected, and the relative sputter yield for the calcium dimer (0.01) is nearly as high as for other metals studied, despite its relatively low dissociation energy. It is suggested that this high dimer yield can be attributed to a significant fraction of the sputtered dimers being in bound, excited states. The data also suggest that the dimer population controls the formation of larger clusters. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hansen, CS (reprint author), So Adventist Univ, Dept Phys, Collegedale, TN 37315 USA. RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768 NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 398 IS 1-2 BP 211 EP 220 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)80025-3 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA ZD822 UT WOS:000072727900022 ER PT J AU Wang, JX Marinkovic, NS Adzic, RR Ocko, BM AF Wang, JX Marinkovic, NS Adzic, RR Ocko, BM TI Anomalous lattice expansion of the electrodeposited Ag bilayer on Pt(111) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE electrochemical methods; epitaxy; silver; surface structure; X-ray scattering ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; UNDERPOTENTIAL DEPOSITION; TL-ADLAYERS; SURFACE; MONOLAYER; SILVER; AU(111); COADSORPTION; INTERFACE; PLATINUM AB A 2.2% lateral and 8.5% vertical lattice expansion, as compared to bulk Ag(111), has been found in a high resolution surface X-ray scattering study for the underpotentially deposited Ag bilayer on Pt(111). The larger-than-bulk lattice constants are unusual for an incommensurate adlayer. It presumably arises from a considerable charge transfer from Ag to Pt, which results in an additional repulsion among the adatoms. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Div Chem Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wang, JX (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Div Chem Sci, Bldg 815, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jia@solids.phy.bnl.gov RI Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011; Marinkovic, Nebojsa/A-1137-2016 OI Marinkovic, Nebojsa/0000-0003-3579-3453 NR 21 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD FEB 10 PY 1998 VL 398 IS 1-2 BP L291 EP L296 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)80004-6 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA ZD822 UT WOS:000072727900001 ER PT J AU Cho, JH Bang, SH Son, JY Jia, QX AF Cho, JH Bang, SH Son, JY Jia, QX TI Control of epitaxial growth for SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERROELECTRIC CAPACITORS; FATIGUE AB We report the (a00) oriented as well as the (00l) oriented epitaxial SrBi2Ta2O9 thin film grown on (100) LaAlO3 and (200) yttria-stabilized zirconia single crystal substrates. On (100) SrTiO3 single crystal substrate, we only observe the (00l) oriented epitaxial growth of SrBi2Ta2O9 thin film. We infer that the (a00) oriented epitaxial growth results from the strain by the lattice mismatch. The band gaps of the (00l) and the (a00) oriented SrBi2Ta2O9 films are similar to 3.9 and similar to 3.5 eV, respectively. The two epitaxial orientations of ferroelectric SrBi2Ta2O9 thin film can provide an opportunity to study the effects on microwave and optical waveguides as well as underlying anisotropic physical properties. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pusan Natl Univ, RCDAMP, Pusan 609735, South Korea. Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Pusan 609735, South Korea. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cho, JH (reprint author), Pusan Natl Univ, RCDAMP, Pusan 609735, South Korea. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 12 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 72 IS 6 BP 665 EP 667 DI 10.1063/1.120840 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YV979 UT WOS:000071883600014 ER PT J AU Williams, PT AF Williams, PT TI Relationships of heart disease risk factors to exercise quantity and intensity SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; DISTANCE-RUNNING PERFORMANCE; MODERATE PHYSICAL EXERCISE; AEROBIC CAPACITY; LIPASE ACTIVITY; PLASMA-LIPIDS; FRACTIONAL UTILIZATION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ANAEROBIC THRESHOLD; PROLONGED EXERCISE AB Objective: To assess the relationships of exercise amount and exercise intensity to coronary heart disease risk factors measured cross-sectionally in runners. Methods: Physician-supplied medical data were compared with subjects: reported average running amount (kilometers run per week) and running intensity during their best recent 10-km race (kilometers per hour) in 7059 male and 1837 female recreational runners. Ten-kilometer race velocity (kilometers per hour) is known to be related to exercise intensity during training. Results: Men and women who ran faster tie, at greater intensity) had lower blood pressures; triglyceride levels; ratios of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; body mass indexes (calculated as the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters); and circumferences of the waist, hips, and chest when adjusted for weekly running distance, age, consumption of alcohol, and diet. Relative to the effect of running distance, running velocity had a 13.3 times greater calculated effect on systolic blood pressure, a 2.8 times greater calculated effect on diastolic blood pressure, and a 4.7 times greater calculated effect on waist circumference in men, and a 5.7 times greater calculated effect on systolic blood pressure in women when adjusted. In contrast, running distance had a more than 6-fold greater calculated effect on adjusted plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than running velocity in both sexes. Conclusions: Exercising more intensely could improve coronary heart disease risk factor level beyond that achieved by exercise amount alone; however, proof of causality remains to be determined from clinical trials. Exercise intensity and amount may target specific coronary heart disease risk factors. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Williams, PT (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Bldg 934, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM PTWilliams@LBL.gov FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-45652, HL-55640] NR 72 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 158 IS 3 BP 237 EP 245 DI 10.1001/archinte.158.3.237 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YV982 UT WOS:000071883900005 PM 9472203 ER PT J AU Tan, HS Espenson, JH AF Tan, HS Espenson, JH TI Kinetics and mechanism of the dihydroxylation and epoxidation of conjugated dienes with hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by methylrhenium trioxide SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MAIN-GROUP ELEMENTS; TRANSITION-METALS; MULTIPLE BONDS AB The title reactions occur readily. With acetonitrile chosen as the solvent, 17 of them were studied by kinetic methods. As is true for other MTO-catalyzed reactions, peroxorhenium complexes are the active species. Under the conditions of hydrogen peroxide present in large excess, usually employed here, CH3Re(O)(eta(2)-O-2)(2)(OH2) was the major reactive catalyst present: The rate constant between it and the dienes increase or decrease as substituents add or remove electron density from the C=C bonds, suggesting a concerted mechanism in which the double bond attacks a peroxide oxygen. Many of the products are diols; some rearranged, except when the stability of carbocation intermediates for epoxide ring opening are so unstable as to prolong their lives. When urea-hydrogen peroxide was used instead, the monoepoxides were obtained. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Espenson, JH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 23 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 3 BP 467 EP 472 DI 10.1021/ic971073v PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA YX413 UT WOS:000072037500015 ER PT J AU Nenoff, N Baldsiefen, G Hubel, H Gorgen, A Korten, W Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Stephens, FS AF Nenoff, N Baldsiefen, G Hubel, H Gorgen, A Korten, W Deleplanque, MA Diamond, RM Fallon, P Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Stephens, FS TI Dipole band structures in Hg-195 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE nuclear reactions Os-192(Be-9,6n); E=80 MeV; measured gamma gamma-coin; E gamma; DCO ratios; Hg-195 deduced levels; dipole bands; J; pi; Compton-suppressed Ge detectors; BGO detectors ID SHEARS BANDS; SPIN; NUCLEI; STATES AB High-spin states in Hg-195 have been investigated using the GAMMASPHERE Ge-detector array in its early implementation phase. The level scheme has been extended up to an excitation energy of about 10 MeV and a spin of 71/2 h. Three new dipole band structures have been added for which B(M1,Delta I = 1)/B(E2,Delta I = 2) branching ratios were determined to be of the order of 2 (mu(n)/eb)(2). Possible quasiparticle excitations responsible for these structures are discussed. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Bonn, Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nenoff, N (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. RI KORTEN, Wolfram/H-3043-2013; OI KORTEN, Wolfram/0000-0002-3940-0816; Gorgen, Andreas/0000-0003-1916-9941 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 629 IS 3-4 BP 621 EP 634 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00653-8 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ZD788 UT WOS:000072724500002 ER PT J AU Buchalla, G Isidori, G Rey, SJ AF Buchalla, G Isidori, G Rey, SJ TI Corrections of order Lambda(2)(QCD)/m(c)(2) to inclusive rare B decays SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE rare B decays; long-distance effects; heavy quark expansion ID PHOTON ENERGY-SPECTRUM; QCD-CORRECTIONS; LEADING LOGARITHMS; B->S-GAMMA; B->X(S)GAMMA; REGULARIZATION; B->X(S)+GAMMA; RESONANCE; SCHEMES AB We calculate non-perturbative O(Lambda(QCD)(2)/m(c)(2)) corrections to the dilepton invariant mass spectrum and the forward-backward charge asymmetry in B --> X(s)e(+)e(-) decay using a heavy quark expansion approach. The method has recently been used to estimate long-distance effects in B --> X-s gamma. We generalize this analysis to the case of non-vanishing photon invariant mass, q(2) not equal 0, relevant for the rare decay mode B --> X(s)e(+)e(-). In the phenomenologically interesting q(2) region away from the c (c) over bar resonances, the heavy quark expansion approach should provide a reasonable description of possible non-perturbative corrections. In particular this picture is preferable to the model-dependent approach relying on the tails of Breit-Wigner resonances, which has been employed so far in the literature to account for these effects. We find that the O(Lambda(QCD)(2)/m(c)(2)) corrections to the dilepton invariant mass spectrum and to the forward-backward asymmetry in B --> X(s)e(+)e(-) amount to several percent at most for q(2)/m(b)(2) less than or similar to 0.3 and q(2)/m(b)(2) greater than or similar to 0.6. The O(Lambda(QCD)(2)/m(c)(2)) correction to the B --> X-s gamma decay rate is also computed and found to be +3%, which agrees in magnitude with previous calculations. Finally, we comment on long-distance effects in B --> X-x nu<(nu)over bar>, which in this case are extremely suppressed due to the absence of virtual photon contributions. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 151742, South Korea. RP Buchalla, G (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. OI Rey, Soo-Jong/0000-0002-2589-7331 NR 39 TC 130 Z9 130 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 511 IS 3 BP 594 EP 610 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(97)00674-3 PG 17 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YZ028 UT WOS:000072212900004 ER PT J AU Ellis, RK Veseli, S AF Ellis, RK Veseli, S TI W and Z transverse momentum distributions: resummation in q(T)-space SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE W and Z production; transverse momentum ID TO-BACK JETS; = 1.8 TEV; HIGH-PT W; BOSON PRODUCTION; HADRON-COLLISIONS; FERMILAB-TEVATRON; PBARP COLLISIONS; PAIR PRODUCTION; CROSS-SECTIONS; QCD AB We describe an alternative approach to the prediction of W and Z transverse momentum distributions based on an extended version of the DDT formula. The resummation of large logarithms, mandatory at small q(T), is performed in q(T)-space, rather than in the impact parameter b. The leading, next-to-leading and next-to-next-to-leading towers of logarithms are identical in the b-space and q(T)-space approaches. We argue that these terms are sufficient for W and Z production in the region in which perturbation theory can be trusted. Direct resummation in q(T)-space provides a unified description of vector boson transverse momentum distributions valid at both large and small q(T). (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Ellis, RK (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 36 TC 109 Z9 109 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 511 IS 3 BP 649 EP 669 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(97)00655-X PG 21 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YZ028 UT WOS:000072212900007 ER PT J AU Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Shelkov, V Staeck, J Stroynowski, R Volobouev, I Ye, J Artuso, M Azfar, F Efimov, A Goldberg, M He, D Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Viehhauser, G Xing, X Bartelt, J Csorna, SE Jain, V McLean, KW Marka, S Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Barish, B Chadha, M Chan, S Eigen, G Miller, JS O'Grady, C Schmidtler, M Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Bliss, DW Masek, G Paar, HP Prell, S Sharma, V Asner, DM Gronberg, J Hill, TS Lange, DJ Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Richman, JD Roberts, D Ryd, A Witherell, MS Balest, R Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Park, H Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Bloom, K Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Cho, HA Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M von Dombrowski, S Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kandaswamy, J Kim, PC Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Valant-Spaight, B Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescott, C Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R MacFarlane, DB Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Darling, C Davis, R Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Zhou, GJ Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lee, SJ O'Neill, JJ Patton, S Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Severini, H Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Fujino, D Gan, KK Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Spencer, MB Sung, M Undrus, A Wanke, R Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Nemati, B Richichi, SJ Ross, WR Skubic, P Bishai, M Fast, J Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Yurko, M Glenn, S Johnson, SD Kwon, Y Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Savinov, V Ugolini, D Wang, R Zhou, X AF Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Shelkov, V Staeck, J Stroynowski, R Volobouev, I Ye, J Artuso, M Azfar, F Efimov, A Goldberg, M He, D Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Viehhauser, G Xing, X Bartelt, J Csorna, SE Jain, V McLean, KW Marka, S Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Barish, B Chadha, M Chan, S Eigen, G Miller, JS O'Grady, C Schmidtler, M Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Bliss, DW Masek, G Paar, HP Prell, S Sharma, V Asner, DM Gronberg, J Hill, TS Lange, DJ Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Richman, JD Roberts, D Ryd, A Witherell, MS Balest, R Behrens, BH Ford, WT Gritsan, A Park, H Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Bloom, K Boisvert, V Cassel, DG Cho, HA Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M von Dombrowski, S Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Gibbons, L Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kandaswamy, J Kim, PC Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Valant-Spaight, B Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescott, C Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Ershov, A Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R MacFarlane, DB Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Darling, C Davis, R Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Zhou, GJ Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lee, SJ O'Neill, JJ Patton, S Poling, R Riehle, T Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Severini, H Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Duboscq, JE Fujino, D Gan, KK Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Spencer, MB Sung, M Undrus, A Wanke, R Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Nemati, B Richichi, SJ Ross, WR Skubic, P Bishai, M Fast, J Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Yurko, M Glenn, S Johnson, SD Kwon, Y Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Savinov, V Ugolini, D Wang, R Zhou, X CA CLEO Collaboration TI Flavor-specific inclusive B decays to charm SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BRANCHING FRACTION; MESONS AB We have measured the branching fractions for B --> (D) over bar X, B --> DX, and B --> (D) over bar Xl(+)v. From these results and some previously measured branching fractions, we obtain B(b --> c (c) over bar s) = (21.9 +/- 3.7)%, B(b --> sg) < 6.8% at 90% C.L., and B(D-0 --> K- pi(+)) = (3.69 +/- 0.20)%. implications for the "B semileptonic decay problem" (measured branching fraction being below theoretical expectations) are discussed. With the increase in the value of B(b --> c (c) over bar s) due to B --> DX, the discrepancy is no longer statistically compelling. [S0031-9007(97)05231-9]. C1 So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Ithaca Coll, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Coan, TE (reprint author), So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. RI Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014; OI Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674 NR 19 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1150 EP 1155 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1150 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YW274 UT WOS:000071915900008 ER PT J AU Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Aota, S Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barone, M Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bettelli, S Bevensee, B Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Blusk, S Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bolognesi, V Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N Buckley-Geer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Cassada, J Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cerri, A Cervelli, F Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, XJ Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Cocca, E Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D Cronin-Hennessy, D Culbertson, R Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, G Feng, Z Ferretti, C Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fukui, Y Funaki, S Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Ganel, O Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giusti, G Gladney, L Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guillian, G Guimaraes, J Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hinrichsen, B Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kongeter, A Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Korytov, A Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, M Lanzoni, M Latino, G LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R Mazzanti, P McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Mesropian, C Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Moggi, N Morita, Y Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Murgia, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliveira, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitrioiu, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Reher, D Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Saab, T Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Sganos, G Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Sliwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Thurman-Keup, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G Valls, J van den Brink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vilar, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wei, H Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yu, L Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Akimoto, H Akopian, A Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Aota, S Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Atac, M Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bagdasarov, S Bailey, MW Bao, J de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barone, M Barzi, E Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Berryhill, J Bertolucci, S Bettelli, S Bevensee, B Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Blusk, S Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolla, G Bolognesi, V Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Breccia, L Bromberg, C Bruner, N Buckley-Geer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Cassada, J Castro, A Cauz, D Cen, Y Cerri, A Cervelli, F Chang, PS Chang, PT Chao, HY Chapman, XJ Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Cocca, E Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D Cronin-Hennessy, D Culbertson, R Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demina, R Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Donati, S Done, J Dorigo, T Dunn, A Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Feild, G Feng, Z Ferretti, C Fiori, I Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fukui, Y Funaki, S Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Ganel, O Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giusti, G Gladney, L Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Guillian, G Guimaraes, J Guo, RS Haber, C Hafen, E Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Hayashi, E Heinrich, J Hinrichsen, B Hoffman, KD Hohlmann, M Holck, C Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Ikeda, H Incagli, M Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iwai, J Iwata, Y Jensen, H Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Karr, K Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kharadia, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kongeter, A Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Korytov, A Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlmann, SE Kuns, E Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI Lancaster, M Lanzoni, M Latino, G LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, YC Lockyer, N Long, O Loomis, C Loreti, M Lu, J Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lys, J Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R Mazzanti, P McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Mesropian, C Metzler, S Miao, C Miao, T Michail, G Miller, R Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyamoto, T Miyashita, S Moggi, N Morita, Y Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Murgia, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Ninomiya, M Nodulman, L Oh, SH Ohl, KE Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okabe, M Okusawa, T Oliveira, R Olsen, J Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitrioiu, V Pappas, SP Parashar, N Park, S Parri, A Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Perazzo, A Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Reher, D Ribon, A Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Romano, J Rosenson, L Roser, R Saab, T Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Scott, A Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Sganos, G Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Sliwa, K Smith, C Snider, FD Song, T Spalding, J Speer, T Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strait, J Strohmer, R Stuart, D Sullivan, G Sumorok, K Suzuki, J Takada, T Takahashi, T Takano, T Takikawa, K Tamura, N Tannenbaum, B Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, TL Thun, R Thurman-Keup, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Truitt, S Tseng, J Turini, N Uchida, T Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G Valls, J van den Brink, SC Vejcik, S Velev, G Vidal, R Vilar, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wahl, J Wallace, NB Walsh, AM Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wei, H Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yu, L Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, W Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Dijet production by color-singlet exchange at the Fermilab Tevatron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PARTON ELASTIC-SCATTERING; RAPIDITY GAPS; COLLISIONS; SINGULARITY; PHYSICS; JETS AB We report a new measurement of dijet production by color-singlet exchange in p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron. In a sample of events with two jets of transverse energy E-T(jet) > 20 GeV, pseudorapidity in the range 1.8 < \eta(jet)\ < 3.5, and eta(1) eta(2) < 0, we find that a fraction R = [1.13 +/- 0.12(stat) +/- 0.11(syst)]% has a pseudorapidity gap within \eta\ < 1 between the jets that can be attributed to color-singlet exchnage. The fraction R shows no significant dependence on E-T(jet) or on the pseudorapidity separation between the jets. [S0031-9007(97)05184-3]. C1 Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 315, Japan. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 5858, Japan. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-36132 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Acad Sinica, Taipei 11530, Taiwan. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 315, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Abe, F (reprint author), Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 315, Japan. RI Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; vilar, rocio/D-7454-2014; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/A-5629-2016; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Peters, Michael/B-4973-2009; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015 OI Latino, Giuseppe/0000-0002-4098-3502; Wyss, Jeffery/0000-0002-8277-4012; Lancaster, Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292; Bertolucci, Sergio/0000-0003-1738-4736; Gallinaro, Michele/0000-0003-1261-2277; Turini, Nicola/0000-0002-9395-5230; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580 NR 14 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1156 EP 1161 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1156 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YW274 UT WOS:000071915900009 ER PT J AU Wadsworth, R Clark, RM Cameron, JA Fossan, DB Hibbert, IM Janzen, VP Krucken, R Lane, GJ Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Parry, CM Sears, JM Smith, JF Afanasjev, AV Ragnarsson, I AF Wadsworth, R Clark, RM Cameron, JA Fossan, DB Hibbert, IM Janzen, VP Krucken, R Lane, GJ Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Parry, CM Sears, JM Smith, JF Afanasjev, AV Ragnarsson, I TI Decreasing collectivity in smoothly terminating bands in the A similar to 110 region SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ROTATIONAL BANDS; SHELL AB Lifetimes of states in two rotational bands in Sn-108 and one in Sb-109 have been determined using the Doppler shift attenuation method. The deduced quadrupole moments for the states are in excellent agreement with cranked Nilsson model predictions, which imply a gradual change in the nuclear shape from collective near-prolate at medium spin to noncollective oblate at high spin. This change results from the gradual alignment of the spin vectors of the valence particles and holes in a specific configuration. These data provide crucial evidence in support of the phenomenon of smooth band termination. [S0031-9007(97)05258-7]. C1 Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO1 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Atom Energy Canada Ltd, Chalk River Labs, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. Univ Lund, Dept Math Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Latvian Acad Sci, Nucl Res Ctr, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia. RP Wadsworth, R (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO1 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RI Lane, Gregory/A-7570-2011; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Lane, Gregory/0000-0003-2244-182X; Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 NR 18 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1174 EP 1177 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1174 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YW274 UT WOS:000071915900013 ER PT J AU Krause, HF Vane, CR Datz, S Grafstrom, P Knudsen, H Scheidenberger, C Schuch, RH AF Krause, HF Vane, CR Datz, S Grafstrom, P Knudsen, H Scheidenberger, C Schuch, RH TI Electron capture and ionization of Pb ions at 33 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT DIRAC-EQUATION; POSITRON PAIR PRODUCTION; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; HEAVY-IONS; COLLISIONS AB We have measured the rotal cross sections for electron capture by bare Pb82+ ions and ionization of hydrogenlike Pb81+ ions at 33 Tev (160 GeV/A, gamma = 168) in solid targets of Be, C, Al, Cu, Sn, and Au, The total capture cross sections are dominated by electron capture from pair production and are compared with theoretical calculations, The ts ionization cross sections obtained are significantly smaller than those predicted by Anholt and Becker [Phys, Rev. A 36, 4628 (1987)]. The Pb radiative lifetimes extended by gamma = 168 have a strong effect on the survival. probability of excited states against ionization in high-g solid targets. [S0031-9007(97)05213-7]. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. CERN, Div SL, SPS, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Aarhus Univ, Inst Phys, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Gesell Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Stockholm, Dept Atom Phys, S-10405 Stockholm 50, Sweden. RP Krause, HF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 27 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1190 EP 1193 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1190 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YW274 UT WOS:000071915900017 ER PT J AU Dimonte, G Gore, R Schneider, M AF Dimonte, G Gore, R Schneider, M TI Rayleigh-Taylor instability in elastic-plastic materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATION INSTABILITY; SOLIDS AB The Rayleigh-Taylor instability is investigated in a material with a shear modulus mu and yield stress sigma(0). Incompressible experiments are conducted with constant and impulsive acceleration histories g(t) using a fully characterized material. Two dimensional (2D) perturbations are found to be stabilized for wave number k > rho g/2 mu and initial amplitude h(0) < sigma(0)/rho g where rho is the density. The stability region is larger for 3D perturbations. Unstable modes are found to grow classically during the acceleration phase, but they can recover elastically while coasting. [S0031-9007(97)05230-7]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dimonte, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1212 EP 1215 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1212 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YW274 UT WOS:000071915900023 ER PT J AU Jensen, JA Rider, KB Salmeron, M Somorjai, GA AF Jensen, JA Rider, KB Salmeron, M Somorjai, GA TI High pressure adsorbate structures studied by scanning tunneling microscopy: CO on Pt(111) in equilibrium with the gas phase SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REACTOR CELL; SPECTROSCOPY; ARRANGEMENT; ADSORPTION; SURFACE AB Scanning tunneling microscopy was applied to studies of adsorbates on model catalysts at elevated pressures where dense overlayers in equilibrium with the gas phase can be formed. A structure due an incommensurate hexagonal overlayer is observed for CO an the Pt(111) surface in the. 200-750 Torr pressure range, This structure has nor been observed before at similar coverage under low pressure and temperature conditions, The results illustrate the inequivalence in this case between the study of surfaces in catalytic conditions of high pressure and the surface science studies carried out in high vacuum. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Salmeron, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 14 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1228 EP 1231 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1228 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YW274 UT WOS:000071915900027 ER PT J AU Cauble, R Perry, TS Bach, DR Budil, KS Hammel, BA Collins, GW Gold, DM Dunn, J Celliers, P Da Silva, LB Foord, ME Wallace, RJ Stewart, RE Woolsey, NC AF Cauble, R Perry, TS Bach, DR Budil, KS Hammel, BA Collins, GW Gold, DM Dunn, J Celliers, P Da Silva, LB Foord, ME Wallace, RJ Stewart, RE Woolsey, NC TI Absolute equation-of-state data in the 10-40 Mbar (1-4 TPa) regime SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-DRIVEN SHOCK; ULTRAHIGH-PRESSURE; WAVE EXPERIMENTS; LASER; ALUMINUM; COMPRESSION; HYDROGEN; PHYSICS; TARGETS; COPPER AB A technique has been developed that allows the measurement of equations of state of low-atomic-number materials in regimes of extremely high pressure. Using this technique we have obtained absolute multimegabar measurements on the principal Hugoniots of low-Z solids, including data on polystyrene up to 40 Mbar (60 times the previous absolutely measured pressure) and beryllium at pressures up to 15 Mbar. The polystyrene data were able to differentiate between existing theoretical models. The beryllium data confirm theoretical Hugoniots of several materials as high as 65 Mbar. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Cauble, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Perry, Theodore/K-3333-2014 OI Perry, Theodore/0000-0002-8832-2033 NR 30 TC 57 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1248 EP 1251 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1248 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YW274 UT WOS:000071915900032 ER PT J AU Gang, O Ocko, BM Wu, XZ Sirota, EB Deutsch, M AF Gang, O Ocko, BM Wu, XZ Sirota, EB Deutsch, M TI Surface freezing in hydrated alcohol melts SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID NORMAL-ALKANES; X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; CRYSTAL; FLUCTUATIONS; SCATTERING; PHASES AB Surface freezing in hydrated alcohol melts was studied by surface tension and x-ray methods, An similar to 2.5 Angstrom swelling of the surface-frozen bilayer is observed at saturated humidity, due to water intercalation into the bilayer, The concomitant upshifts of 2.5 and 3-6 degrees C, observed in the bulk and surface freezing temperatures, respectively, are traced to the surprising increase in hydration upon freezing. For the liquid surface phase, the Gibbs-rule-predicted water depletion at the surface, relative to the bulk, accounts well far the unequal upshifts. It also explains the observed increases in the chain length and temperature ranges over which surface freezing exists. C1 Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Exxon Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. RP Gang, O (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. RI Sirota, Eric/A-7633-2009 NR 24 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1264 EP 1267 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1264 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YW274 UT WOS:000071915900036 ER PT J AU Hwang, HY Dai, P Cheong, SW Aeppli, G Tennant, DA Mook, HA AF Hwang, HY Dai, P Cheong, SW Aeppli, G Tennant, DA Mook, HA TI Softening and broadening of the zone boundary magnons in Pr0.63Sr0.37MnO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEISENBERG FERROMAGNETS EUO; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SPIN DYNAMICS; COLOSSAL-MAGNETORESISTANCE; EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS; MANGANITES; WAVES AB We have studied the spin dynamics in Pr0.63Sr0.37MnO3 above and below the Curie temperature T-C = 301 K. Three distinct new features have been observed: a softening of the magnon dispersion at the zone boundary for T < T-C, significant broadening of the zone boundary magnons as T --> T-C, and no evidence for residual spin-wave-like excitations just above T-C. The results are inconsistent with double exchange models that have been successfully applied to higher T-C samples, indicating an evolution of the spin system with decreasing T-C. C1 AT&T Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NEC Res Inst, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Hwang, HY (reprint author), AT&T Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, 600 Mt Ave, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. RI Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012; Hwang, Harold/I-6943-2012; Tennant, David/Q-2497-2015 OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170; Tennant, David/0000-0002-9575-3368 NR 23 TC 113 Z9 117 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1316 EP 1319 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1316 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YW274 UT WOS:000071915900049 ER PT J AU Hilgenfeldt, S Lohse, D Moss, WC AF Hilgenfeldt, S Lohse, D Moss, WC TI Water temperature dependence of single bubble sonoluminescence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PICOSECOND SONOLUMINESCENCE AB The strong dependence of the intensity of single bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) on water temperature observed in experiment can be accounted for by the temperature dependence of the material constants of water, most essentially of the viscosity, of the argon solubility in water, and of the vapor pressure. The strong increase of light emission at low water temperatures is due to the possibility of applying higher driving pressures, caused by increased bubble stability. The presented calculations combine the Rayleigh-Plesset equation based hydrodynamical/chemical approach to SBSL and full gas dynamical calculations of the bubble's interior. C1 Univ Marburg, Fachbereich Phys, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Hilgenfeldt, S (reprint author), Univ Marburg, Fachbereich Phys, Renthof 6, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. RI Hilgenfeldt, Sascha/B-7356-2009; Lohse, Detlef/B-4915-2013; Hilgenfeldt, Sascha/A-4593-2014 OI Lohse, Detlef/0000-0003-4138-2255; Hilgenfeldt, Sascha/0000-0002-6799-2118 NR 26 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1332 EP 1335 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1332 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YW274 UT WOS:000071915900053 ER PT J AU Somorjai, GA AF Somorjai, GA TI Molecular concepts of heterogeneous catalysis SO THEOCHEM-JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Article DE concepts of catalysis; surface structure sensitivity/insensitivity; adsorbate induced restructuring; olefin hydrogenation; CO oxidation ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; CHEMICAL SURFACE-REACTIONS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL CATALYSTS; SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; AMMONIA-SYNTHESIS; ETHYLENE HYDROGENATION; STRUCTURE SENSITIVITY; PT(111) SURFACE; ETHYLIDYNE AB The causes of surface structure sensitivity and structure insensitivity of catalytic reactions have been explored on the molecular level by modern surface science. The scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and sum-frequency generation (SFG), surface vibrational spectroscopy, were used to monitor metal substrate and adsorbate molecular structures during catalytic reactions of high pressures (atmosphere). There are two phenomena that dominate the surface chemistry on the molecular level. (1) Absorbate induced restructuring of the metal catalyst is readily detectable. (2) The strongly chemisorbed molecules are stagnant spectators during olefin hydrogenation while the weakly adsorbed pi-bonded species that are present on the metal surface only at high pressures are the reactive intermediates that turn over rapidly. CO oxidation studies reveal a similar but somewhat more complex picture again indicating that the adsorbates present only at high reactant pressures are the reactive intermediates. The surface structure sensitivity/insensitivity of catalytic reaction can be explained based on the results of the molecular surface science studies, (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Ctr Adv Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, D58 Hildebrand Hall 1460, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 45 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 THEOCHEM-J MOL STRUC JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD FEB 9 PY 1998 VL 424 IS 1-2 BP 101 EP 117 DI 10.1016/S0166-1280(97)00230-3 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA YX317 UT WOS:000072028100013 ER PT J AU Mordaunt, DH Osborn, DL Neumark, DM AF Mordaunt, DH Osborn, DL Neumark, DM TI Nonstatistical unimolecular dissociation over a barrier SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM; PHOTODISSOCIATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; DYNAMICS; FORMALDEHYDE; STATE; CH3CO; PHOTOFRAGMENTATION; NO2; NM AB A general formulation is presented to model photodissociation processes in which internal conversion is followed by unimolecular dissociation over an exit barrier; this classification of dissociation mechanism results in a nonstatistical product state distribution. The energy available to products is divided into independent statistical and impulsive energy reservoirs. The statistical reservoir considers direct projections of a vibrational microcanonical ensemble at the transition state (TS) onto product quantum states, conserving vibrational adiabaticity and angular momentum. The impulsive reservoir represents the energy released in passing from the TS to products; this reservoir is treated assuming sudden dissociation of the zero-point TS wave function using a combination of Franck-Condon and impulsive models. We derive the statistical adiabatic impulsive model, which convolutes these two energy reservoirs, to predict the product translational energy distribution for nonstatistical dissociation over a barrier. Two test cases are modeled and compared with experimental data: unimolecular dissociation of acetyl radicals and photodissociation of vinoxy radicals via the (B) over tilde(2)A "-(X) over tilde(2)A " (2)A " band. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mordaunt, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Osborn, David/A-2627-2009; Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 36 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 1998 VL 108 IS 6 BP 2448 EP 2457 DI 10.1063/1.475627 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA YV251 UT WOS:000071804500021 ER PT J AU Illas, F Martin, RL AF Illas, F Martin, RL TI Magnetic coupling in ionic solids studied by density functional theory SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INITIO CLUSTER-MODEL; LATTICE HEISENBERG-ANTIFERROMAGNET; TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES; 2-FE FERREDOXIN MODELS; IRON-SULFUR CLUSTERS; SINGLET-TRIPLET GAP; VALENCE BOND THEORY; AB-INITIO; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ENERGY DIFFERENCES AB Magnetic coupling in ionic solids is studied using a density functional theory, DFT, approach applied to suitable cluster models representing KNiF3, K2NiF4, and La(2)Cuo(4). A mapping between eigenstates of the exact nonrelativistic and spin model Hamiltonians allows us to obtain the magnetic coupling constant J and to compare the DFT values with either experiment or previous theoretical studies based on the use of accurate wave functions. In the present work different correlation and exchange functionals are explored. Numerical results show that it is possible to reach very good agreement with experiment. Surprisingly, it is shown that the difficulty of the local spin density approximation in describing the antiferromagnetic behavior of these compounds lies not in the correlation but in the exchange part of the density functional. Hybrid functionals, which include a component of the full, nonlocal, "exact" exchange interaction yield qualitatively and semiquantitatively correct magnetic interactions. The origin of this behavior is discussed from the point of view of the adiabatic connection formula. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Barcelona, Dept Quim Fis, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RP Illas, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Illas, Francesc /C-8578-2011 OI Illas, Francesc /0000-0003-2104-6123 NR 89 TC 112 Z9 112 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 8 PY 1998 VL 108 IS 6 BP 2519 EP 2527 DI 10.1063/1.475636 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA YV251 UT WOS:000071804500030 ER PT J AU Chen, XY Ji, M Fisher, DR Wai, CM AF Chen, XY Ji, M Fisher, DR Wai, CM TI Carboxylate-derived calixarenes with high selectivity for actinium-225 SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ANTIBODY AB The binding properties of two ligands, 5,11,17,23-tetra-tert-butyl-25,26,27,28-tetrakis(carboxymethoxy)calix[4]arene 1 and 5,11,17,23,29,35-hexa-tert-butyl-37,38,39,40,41,42-hexakiscarboxymethoxy)calix[6]arene 2, which show high selectivity for (225)Ac(3+) (an alpha-emitter with t(1/2) = 10 days) over Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) are described. C1 Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. PNNL, Mol Biosci Dept, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chen, XY (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM cwai@uidaho.edu NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD FEB 7 PY 1998 IS 3 BP 377 EP 378 DI 10.1039/a706776c PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA YW909 UT WOS:000071986900043 ER PT J AU De Boer, RJ Perelson, AS AF De Boer, RJ Perelson, AS TI Target cell limited and immune control models of HIV infection: A comparison SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; DYNAMICS IN-VIVO; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; NETWORK REGULATION; LYMPHOID-TISSUE; T-LYMPHOCYTES; THERAPY; AIDS; ZIDOVUDINE AB We develop various mathematical models of the clinical latency stage of HIV-I infection assuming that HIV-1 infection is limited either by the availability of cells that HIV can infect or by a specific anti-HIV cellular immune response. The former models we call "target-cell-limited". Comparing the models by phase plane analysis we find that they all belong to the class of predator-prey models. In the target-cell-limited models the virus is a predator feeding upon target cell prey, while in the immune-control models the virus is a prey that is controlled by an immune response predator. Because both classes of models are of predator-prey type they behave similarly in most circumstances. We find that both types of model can account for the generic picture of disease progression in which the CD4 T cell count slowly decreases and the viral load slowly increases. Additionally, we find that both types of models can adequately describe the clinically observed changes in the plasma HIV-I RNA loads in response to retroviral therapies. (C) 1998 Academic Press Limited. C1 Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP De Boer, RJ (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Padualaan 8, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. EM rdb@alive.biol.ruu.nl RI De Boer, Rob/B-6050-2011 OI De Boer, Rob/0000-0002-2130-691X FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR06555] NR 74 TC 172 Z9 173 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD FEB 7 PY 1998 VL 190 IS 3 BP 201 EP 214 DI 10.1006/jtbi.1997.0548 PG 14 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA ZD383 UT WOS:000072679700001 PM 9514649 ER PT J AU Koput, J Peterson, KA AF Koput, J Peterson, KA TI The ab initio potential energy surface and spectroscopic constants of HOCl SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; VIBRATION-ROTATION SPECTRA; ANHARMONIC-FORCE FIELD; HYPOCHLOROUS ACID; EQUILIBRIUM STRUCTURE; BORON; BAND; NEON AB The potential energy surface of hypochlorous acid, HOCl, has been determined from large-scale ab initio calculations using the coupled-cluster method CCSD(T). with basis sets of quadruple-and quintuple-zeta quality. The effect of core-electron correlation on the calculated structural parameters has been investigated. The vibrational-rotational energy levels of the three isotopic species of HOCl have then been calculated using the variational method and have been further characterized by the spectroscopic constants determined using the perturbational approach. The spectroscopic constants determined, are found to be in excellent agreement with experimental data. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Dept Chem, PL-60780 Poznan, Poland. Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Koput, J (reprint author), Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Dept Chem, Grunwaldzka 6, PL-60780 Poznan, Poland. NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 6 PY 1998 VL 283 IS 3-4 BP 139 EP 146 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(97)01348-1 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA ZC930 UT WOS:000072633300001 ER PT J AU Sessler, AM AF Sessler, AM TI Muon collider SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sessler, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 6 PY 1998 VL 279 IS 5352 BP 786 EP 787 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA YW330 UT WOS:000071923500005 ER PT J AU Sutjianto, A Curtiss, LA AF Sutjianto, A Curtiss, LA TI Li+-diglyme complexes: Barriers to lithium cation migration SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE) OLIGOMERS; BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGIES; GLYCOL DIMETHYL ETHER; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; EQUILIBRIUM STRUCTURES; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; FORCE-FIELD; GAS-PHASE; 1,2-DIMETHOXYETHANE AB The potential energy surfaces of Li+-diglyme and Li+-triglyme complexes. which are models for poly-(ethylene oxide) electrolytes, have been investigated at the HF/6-31G(d) and MP2/6-31+G(d) levels of theory. Eighteen local minima were located that correspond to coordination of Li+ with one to four oxygens. The binding energies of the complexes increase with coordination of Li+ by oxygen, although the binding per Li-O bond decreases. The potential energy surfaces for lithium cation migration between one-and two-coordination sites and two- and three-coordination sites in the Li+-diglyme complexes were investigated, and five transition states were located. While the barriers are small (less than 2 kcal/mol) for lithium cation migration from lower to higher coordination, the barriers are large (20-30 kcal/mol) for higher to lower coordination, The latter corresponds to the barrier for transfer of Li+ from one end of diglyme to the other and is approximately the difference in binding energy of the higher and lower coordination structures. The implications for Li+ migration along a single polymer chain in lithium-poly(ethylene oxide) are discussed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Curtiss, LA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 29 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD FEB 5 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 6 BP 968 EP 974 DI 10.1021/jp972164g PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA YW472 UT WOS:000071939100013 ER PT J AU Eskildsen, MR Gammel, PL Isaacs, ED Detlefs, C Mortensen, K Bishop, DJ AF Eskildsen, MR Gammel, PL Isaacs, ED Detlefs, C Mortensen, K Bishop, DJ TI Compound refractive optics for the imaging and focusing of low-energy neutrons SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID LENS AB Low-energy neutrons are essential for the analysis and characterization of materials and magnetic structures. However, both continuous (reactor-based) and pulsed (spallation-based) sources of such neutrons suffer from low fluence. Steering and lensing devices could improve this situation dramatically, so increasing spatial resolution, detectable sample volume limits and even perhaps opening the way for the construction of a neutron microscope. Neutron optics have to date exploited either Bragg diffraction(1,2), such as bent crystals, or reflection, as in mirror(3) guides or a Kumakhov lens(4,5). Refractive optics remain an attractive alternative as they would permit full use of the beam cross-section, allow a compact and linear installation and, because of similarity to conventional optics, enable the use of commercial design and simulation tools. These advantages notwithstanding, single-element refractive optics have previously been considered impractical as they are too weakly focusing, too absorptive and too dispersive. Inspired by the recent demonstration(6) of a compound refractive lens (CRL) for high-energy X-rays, we have designed, built and tested a prototype CRL for 9-20-Angstrom neutrons by using readily available optical components: our CRL has gains greater than 15 and focal lengths of 1-6 m, well matched to small-angle neutron scattering. C1 AT&T Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Riso Natl Lab, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Gammel, PL (reprint author), AT&T Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, 700 Mt Ave, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. RI Detlefs, Carsten/B-6244-2008; Mortensen, Kell/A-5066-2009; Eskildsen, Morten/E-7779-2011 OI Detlefs, Carsten/0000-0003-2573-2286; Mortensen, Kell/0000-0002-8998-9390; NR 12 TC 99 Z9 100 U1 2 U2 18 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 5 PY 1998 VL 391 IS 6667 BP 563 EP 566 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA YV594 UT WOS:000071842300044 ER PT J AU Zhu, TF Korber, BT Nahmias, AJ Hooper, E Sharp, PM Ho, DD AF Zhu, TF Korber, BT Nahmias, AJ Hooper, E Sharp, PM Ho, DD TI An African HIV-1 sequence from 1959 and implications for the origin of the epidemic SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES; DNA-SEQUENCES; AIDS; INFECTION; MANCHESTER; EVOLUTION; HISTORY; GENES; TREES AB There is considerable genetic diversity among viruses of different subtypes (designated A to J) in the major group of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the form of HIV that is dominant in the global epidemic(1-3). If available, HIV-1 sequences pre-dating the recognition of AIDS could be crucial in defining the time of origin and the subsequent evolution of these viruses in humans. The oldest known case of HIV-1 infection was reported to be that of a sailor from Manchester who died of an AIDS-like illness in 1959 (refs 4-6); however, the authenticity of this case has not been confirmed(7,8). Genetic analysis of sequences from clinical materials obtained from 1971 to 1976 from members of a Norwegian family infected earlier than 1971 showed that they carried viruses of the HIV-1 outlier group(9,10), a variant form that is mainly restricted to West Africa(1). Here we report the amplification and characterization of viral sequences from a 1959 African plasma sample that was previously found to be HIV-1 seropositive(11). Multiple phylogenetic analyses not only authenticate this case as the oldest known HIV-1 infection, but also place its viral sequence near the ancestral node of subtypes B and D in the major group, indicating that these HIV-1 subtypes, and perhaps all major-group viruses, may have evolved from a single introduction into the African population not long before 1959. C1 Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Univ Nottingham, Queens Med Ctr, Dept Genet, Nottingham NG7 2UH, England. RP Ho, DD (reprint author), Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, 455 1st Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA. RI Zhu, Tuofu/G-6158-2010; Sharp, Paul/F-5783-2010 OI Sharp, Paul/0000-0001-9771-543X NR 30 TC 233 Z9 248 U1 7 U2 40 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 5 PY 1998 VL 391 IS 6667 BP 594 EP 597 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA YV594 UT WOS:000071842300054 PM 9468138 ER PT J AU Grasso, D Riotto, A AF Grasso, D Riotto, A TI On the nature of the magnetic fields generated during the electroweak phase transition SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID STRINGS AB In this letter we reanalyse the question of the origin of magnetic fields during the electroweak phase transition. We show that their formation is intimately connected to some semiclassical configurations of the gauge fields, such as electroweak Z-strings and W-condensates. We describe the formation of these semiclassical configurations during a first order phase transition and argue that they might be generated also in the case of a second order phase transition. We suggest that the instability of electroweak strings does not imply the disappearance of the embedded magnetic field. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Uppsala Univ, Dept Theoret Phys, S-75108 Uppsala, Sweden. NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Grasso, D (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Theoret Phys, Box 803, S-75108 Uppsala, Sweden. RI Grasso, Dario/I-2440-2012 OI Grasso, Dario/0000-0001-7761-7242 NR 18 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 5 PY 1998 VL 418 IS 3-4 BP 258 EP 265 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)01224-0 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA ZF843 UT WOS:000072938800004 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Button, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K della Volpe, D Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hong, SJ Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A de Guevara, PL Laktineh, I Landi, G Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Moulik, T Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Nessi-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S van Rhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Rosselet, P van Rossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-Kaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, A Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E Van de Walle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F AF Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Button, A Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chereau, X Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K della Volpe, D Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hong, SJ Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsenko, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A de Guevara, PL Laktineh, I Landi, G Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D McNeil, RR Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Moulik, T Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Nessi-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S van Rhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Rosselet, P van Rossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-Kaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Sopczak, A Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, A Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E Van de Walle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F TI Missing mass spectra in hadronic events from e(+)e(-) collisions at root s=161-172GeV and limits on invisible Higgs decays SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID STATE QED CORRECTIONS; W-PAIR PRODUCTION; L3 EXPERIMENT; MONTE-CARLO; DETECTOR; CONSTRUCTION; CALORIMETER; LEP2/NLC; PHYSICS; SEARCH AB Events characterised by large hadronic energy and transverse momentum are selected from the data collected by the L3 detector at LEP at centre-of-mass energies between 161 and 172 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 21 pb(-1) The visible mass and the missing mass distributions of the selected events are consistent with those expected from Standard Model processes. This result is combined with that from data taken at the Z resonance to sci an upper limit on the production rate and decay into invisible final states of a non-minimal Higgs boson. as a function of the Higgs mass. Assuming the non-minimal Higgs production cross section to be the same as for the Standard Model Higgs boson and the decay branching fraction into invisible final states to be 100%, a Higgs mass lower limit of 69.6 GeV is derived at 95% confidence level. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. NIKHEF, Natl Inst High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. IN2P3, LAPP, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, CNRS, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, IHEP, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Humboldt Univ, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. Univ Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Inst Atom Phys, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Univ Bucharest, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania. Hungarian Acad Sci, Cent Res Inst Phys, H-1525 Budapest 114, Hungary. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Florence, I-50125 Florence, Italy. CERN, European Lab Particle Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. World Lab, FBLJA Project, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Chinese Univ Sci & Technol, USTC, Hefei 230029, Anhui, Peoples R China. 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RI Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Palomares, Carmen/H-7783-2015; Fedin, Oleg/H-6753-2016; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; OI Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Palomares, Carmen/0000-0003-4374-9065; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643 NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 5 PY 1998 VL 418 IS 3-4 BP 389 EP 398 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)01394-4 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA ZF843 UT WOS:000072938800020 ER PT J AU Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hong, SJ Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsendo, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A Lacentre, P deGuevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Leggett, C Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Moulik, T Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Nessi-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S van Rhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Rind, O Rizzo, R Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Rosselet, P van Rossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Sauvage, G Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-kaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Schneegans, M Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E Van de Walle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F AF Acciarri, M Adriani, O Aguilar-Benitez, M Ahlen, S Alcaraz, J Alemanni, G Allaby, J Aloisio, A Alverson, G Alviggi, MG Ambrosi, G Anderhub, H Andreev, VP Angelescu, T Anselmo, F Arefiev, A Azemoon, T Aziz, T Bagnaia, P Baksay, L Ball, RC Banerjee, S Banerjee, S Banicz, K Barczyk, A Barillere, R Barone, L Bartalini, P Baschirotto, A Basile, M Battiston, R Bay, A Becattini, F Becker, U Behner, F Berdugo, J Berges, P Bertucci, B Betev, BL Bhattacharya, S Biasini, M Biland, A Bilei, GM Blaising, JJ Blyth, SC Bobbink, GJ Bock, R Bohm, A Boldizsar, L Borgia, B Bourilkov, D Bourquin, M Boutigny, D Braccini, S Branson, JG Brigljevic, V Brock, IC Buffini, A Buijs, A Burger, JD Burger, WJ Busenitz, J Cai, XD Campanelli, M Capell, M Romeo, GC Carlino, G Cartacci, AM Casaus, J Castellini, G Cavallari, F Cavallo, N Cecchi, C Cerrada, M Cesaroni, F Chamizo, M Chang, YH Chaturvedi, UK Chekanov, SV Chemarin, M Chen, A Chen, G Chen, GM Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, M Chiefari, G Chien, CY Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Civinini, C Clare, I Clare, R Cohn, HO Coignet, G Colijn, AP Colino, N Commichau, V Costantini, S Cotorobai, F de la Cruz, B Csilling, A Dai, TS D'Alessandro, R de Asmundis, R Degre, A Deiters, K Denes, P DeNotaristefani, F DiBitonto, D Diemoz, M van Dierendonck, D Di Lodovico, F Dionisi, C Dittmar, M Dominguez, A Doria, A Dova, MT Drago, E Duchesneau, D Duinker, P Duran, I Dutta, S Easo, S Efremenko, Y El Mamouni, H Engler, A Eppling, FJ Erne, FC Ernenwein, JP Extermann, P Fabre, M Faccini, R Falciano, S Favara, A Fay, J Fedin, O Felcini, M Fenyi, B Ferguson, T Ferroni, F Fesefeldt, H Fiandrini, E Field, JH Filthaut, F Fisher, PH Fisk, I Forconi, G Fredj, L Freudenreich, K Furetta, C Galaktionov, Y Ganguli, SN Garcia-Abia, P Gau, SS Gentile, S Gerald, J Gheordanescu, N Giagu, S Goldfarb, S Goldstein, J Gong, ZF Gougas, A Gratta, G Gruenewald, MW Gupta, VK Gurtu, A Gutay, LJ Hartmann, B Hasan, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hebbeker, T Herve, A van Hoek, WC Hofer, H Hong, SJ Hoorani, H Hou, SR Hu, G Innocente, V Jenkes, K Jin, BN Jones, LW de Jong, P Josa-Mutuberria, I Kasser, A Khan, RA Kamrad, D Kamyshkov, Y Kapustinsky, JS Karyotakis, Y Kaur, M Kienzle-Focacci, MN Kim, D Kim, DH Kim, JK Kim, SC Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kirkby, A Kirkby, D Kirkby, J Kiss, D Kittel, W Klimentov, A Konig, AC Kopp, A Korolko, I Koutsendo, V Kraemer, RW Krenz, W Kunin, A Lacentre, P deGuevara, PL Landi, G Lapoint, C Lassila-Perini, K Laurikainen, P Lebeau, M Lebedev, A Lebrun, P Lecomte, P Lecoq, P Le Coultre, P Lee, HJ Leggett, C Le Goff, JM Leiste, R Leonardi, E Levtchenko, P Li, C Lin, CH Lin, WT Linde, FL Lista, L Liu, ZA Lohmann, W Longo, E Lu, W Lu, YS Lubelsmeyer, K Luci, C Luckey, D Luminari, L Lustermann, W Ma, WG Maity, M Majumder, G Malgeri, L Malinin, A Mana, C Mangeol, D Mangla, S Marchesini, P Marin, A Martin, JP Marzano, F Massaro, GGG McNally, D Mele, S Merola, L Meschini, M Metzger, WJ von der Mey, M Mi, Y Mihul, A van Mil, AJW Milcent, H Mirabelli, G Mnich, J Molnar, P Monteleoni, B Moore, R Morganti, S Moulik, T Mount, R Muller, S Muheim, F Muijs, AJM Nahn, S Napolitano, M Nessi-Tedaldi, F Newman, H Niessen, T Nippe, A Nisati, A Nowak, H Oh, YD Opitz, H Organtini, G Ostonen, R Palomares, C Pandoulas, D Paoletti, S Paolucci, P Park, HK Park, IH Pascale, G Passaleva, G Patricelli, S Paul, T Pauluzzi, M Paus, C Pauss, F Peach, D Pei, YJ Pensotti, S Perret-Gallix, D Petersen, B Petrak, S Pevsner, A Piccolo, D Pieri, M Piroue, PA Pistolesi, E Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Pojidaev, V Postema, H Produit, N Prokofiev, D Rahal-Callot, G Raja, N Rancoita, PG Rattaggi, M Raven, G Razis, P Read, K Ren, D Rescigno, M Reucroft, S van Rhee, T Riemann, S Riles, K Rind, O Rizzo, R Robohm, A Rodin, J Roe, BP Romero, L Rosier-Lees, S Rosselet, P van Rossum, W Roth, S Rubio, JA Ruschmeier, D Rykaczewski, H Salicio, J Sanchez, E Sanders, MP Sarakinos, ME Sarkar, S Sassowsky, M Sauvage, G Schafer, C Schegelsky, V Schmidt-kaerst, S Schmitz, D Schmitz, P Schneegans, M Scholz, N Schopper, H Schotanus, DJ Schwenke, J Schwering, G Sciacca, C Sciarrino, D Servoli, L Shevchenko, S Shivarov, N Shoutko, V Shukla, J Shumilov, E Shvorob, A Siedenburg, T Son, D Soulimov, V Smith, B Spillantini, P Steuer, M Stickland, DP Stone, H Stoyanov, B Straessner, A Strauch, K Sudhakar, K Sultanov, G Sun, LZ Susinno, GF Suter, H Swain, JD Tang, XW Tauscher, L Taylor, L Ting, SCC Ting, SM Tonutti, M Tonwar, SC Toth, J Tully, C Tuchscherer, H Tung, KL Uchida, Y Ulbricht, J Uwer, U Valente, E Van de Walle, RT Vesztergombi, G Vetlitsky, I Viertel, G Vivargent, M Volkert, R Vogel, H Vogt, H Vorobiev, I Vorobyov, AA Vorvolakos, A Wadhwa, M Wallraff, W Wang, JC Wang, XL Wang, ZM Weber, A Wittgenstein, F Wu, SX Wynhoff, S Xu, J Xu, ZZ Yang, BZ Yang, CG Yao, XY Ye, JB Yeh, SC You, JM Zalite, A Zalite, Y Zemp, P Zeng, Y Zhang, Z Zhang, ZP Zhou, B Zhou, Y Zhu, GY Zhu, RY Zichichi, A Ziegler, F CA L3 Collaboration TI Measurement of eta '(958) formation in two-photon collisions at LEP1 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC QUARK-MODEL; TRANSITION FORM-FACTOR; 2-PHOTON INTERACTIONS; RADIATIVE WIDTH; L3 EXPERIMENT; MESONS; ETA'; DETECTOR; CONSTRUCTION; CALORIMETER AB The formation of the eta' in the reaction e(+)e(-)-->e(+)e(-)eta'-->e(+)e(-)pi(+)pi(-)gamma has been measured by the L3 detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 91 GeV. The radiative width of the eta' has been found to be Gamma(gamma gamma)=4.17+/-0.10(stat.)+/-0.27(sys.)keV. The Q(2) dependence of the eta' formation cross section has been measured for Q(2) less than or equal to 10 GeV2 and the eta' electromagnetic transition form factor has been determined. The form factor can be parametrised by a pole form with Lambda=0.900+/-0.046(stat.)+/-0.022(sys.)GeV. It is also consistent with recent non-perturbative QCD calculations. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. NIKHEF, Natl Inst High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. IN2P3, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, LAPP, CNRS, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. 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Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Salerno, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Santiago, Dept Fis Particulas Elementales, E-15706 Santiago De Compostela, Spain. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Cent Lab Mechatron & Instrumentat, BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35486 USA. Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. NIKHEF, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, PSI, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. DESY, Inst Hochenergiephys, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Univ Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. RP Acciarri, M (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RI Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/J-9896-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Palomares, Carmen/H-7783-2015; Fedin, Oleg/H-6753-2016; Roth, Stefan/J-2757-2016; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Fiandrini, Emanuele/C-4549-2008; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Kirkby, Jasper/A-4973-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; bertucci, bruna/J-5237-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Berdugo, Javier/A-2858-2015 OI Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Rancoita, Pier Giorgio/0000-0002-1990-4283; Palomares, Carmen/0000-0003-4374-9065; Roth, Stefan/0000-0003-3616-2223; Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Kirkby, Jasper/0000-0003-2341-9069; Servoli, Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Berdugo, Javier/0000-0002-7911-8532 NR 47 TC 73 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD FEB 5 PY 1998 VL 418 IS 3-4 BP 399 EP 410 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)01219-7 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA ZF843 UT WOS:000072938800021 ER PT J AU Ferrere, S Gregg, BA AF Ferrere, S Gregg, BA TI Photosensitization of TiO2 by [Fe-II(2,2 '-bipyridine-4,4 '-dicarboxylic acid)(2)(CN)(2)]: Band selective electron injection from ultra-short-lived excited states SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-CELLS; CONVERSION; LIFETIMES; COMPLEXES; SPECTRA C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ferrere, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 12 TC 219 Z9 219 U1 1 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 4 PY 1998 VL 120 IS 4 BP 843 EP 844 DI 10.1021/ja973504e PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA YW037 UT WOS:000071889300038 ER PT J AU Wright, TJ Clemens, M Quarrell, O Altherr, MR AF Wright, TJ Clemens, M Quarrell, O Altherr, MR TI Wolf-Hirschhorn and Pitt-Rogers-Danks syndromes caused by overlapping 4p deletions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Wolf Hirschhorn; Pitt-Rogers-Danks; segmental aneusomy ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR-3; RECURRENT MUTATION; GENE; REGION; HYPOCHONDROPLASIA; DOMAIN AB Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS), a multiple congenital malformation syndrome, and Pitt-Rogers-Danks syndrome (PRDS), a rare condition with similar anomalies, were previously thought to be clinically distinct conditions, While WHS has long been associated with deletions near the terminus of 4p, several recent studies have shown PRDS is associated with deletions in 4p16.3. In this paper we evaluate three patients, two described as PRDS and one diagnosed as WHS. We demonstrate that the molecular defects associated with the two syndromes show a considerable amount of overlap, We conclude that both of these conditions result from the absence of similar, if not identical, genetic segments and propose that the clinical differences observed between these two syndromes are likely the result of allelic variation in the remaining homologue. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Genom Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Magee Womens Hosp, Dept Genet, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Ctr Human Genet, N Trent Clin Genet Serv, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Biol Chem, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RP Altherr, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Genom Grp, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 20 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0148-7299 J9 AM J MED GENET JI Am. J. Med. Genet. PD FEB 3 PY 1998 VL 75 IS 4 BP 345 EP 350 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19980203)75:4<345::AID-AJMG2>3.0.CO;2-P PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA YU984 UT WOS:000071776800002 PM 9482639 ER PT J AU Rowe, CL Kinney, OM Congdon, JD AF Rowe, CL Kinney, OM Congdon, JD TI Oral deformities in tadpoles of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) caused by conditions in a polluted habitat SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID SELENIUM; REPRODUCTION; FISH C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Reprint Dept, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Rowe, CL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Reprint Dept, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RI Rowe, Christopher/D-5271-2012 NR 9 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS BUSINESS OFFICE PI CARBONDALE PA SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, DEPT ZOOLOGY, CARBONDALE, IL 62901-6501 USA SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD FEB 3 PY 1998 IS 1 BP 244 EP 246 DI 10.2307/1447729 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA YW126 UT WOS:000071900500034 ER PT J AU Jackson, PJ Hugh-Jones, ME Adair, DM Green, G Hill, KK Kuske, CR Grinberg, LM Abramova, FA Keim, P AF Jackson, PJ Hugh-Jones, ME Adair, DM Green, G Hill, KK Kuske, CR Grinberg, LM Abramova, FA Keim, P TI PCR analysis of tissue samples from the 1979 Sverdlovsk anthrax victims: The presence of multiple Bacillus anthracis strains in different victims SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE vrrA gene; variable number tandem repeats ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; GENE; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSACTIVATOR; ENCAPSULATION; PATHOLOGY; OUTBREAK; PLASMID; DNA AB An outbreak of human anthrax occurred in Sverdlovsk, Union of Soviet Socialists Republic (now Ekaterinburg, Russia) in April 1979, Officials attributed this to consumption of contaminated meat, but Western governments believed it resulted from inhalation of spores accidentally released from a nearby military research facility, Tissue samples from 11 victims were obtained and methods of efficiently extracting high-quality total DNA from these samples were developed, Extracted DNA was analyzed by using PCR to determine whether it contained Bacillus anthracis-specific sequences, Double PCR using "nested primers" increased sensitivity of the assay significantly, Tissue samples from 11 persons who died during the epidemic were examined. Results demonstrated that the entire complement of B. anthracis toxin and capsular antigen genes required for pathogenicity were present in tissues from each of these victims, Tissue from a vaccination site contained primarily nucleic acids from a live vaccine, although traces of genes from the infecting organisms were also present. PCR analysis using primers that detect the vrrA gene variable region on the B, anthracis chromosome demonstrated that at least four of the five known strain categories defined by this region were present in the tissue samples, Only one category is found in a single B. anthracis strain. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Mol Biol Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Dept Pathol, Tuberculosis & Pulm Dis Unit, Ekaterinburg, Russia. No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Jackson, PJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Mol Biol Grp, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM jackson@telomere.lanl.gov RI Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010 NR 21 TC 107 Z9 113 U1 2 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 3 PY 1998 VL 95 IS 3 BP 1224 EP 1229 DI 10.1073/pnas.95.3.1224 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA YV928 UT WOS:000071878500076 PM 9448313 ER PT J AU Cohron, JW George, EP Heatherly, L Liu, CT Zee, RH AF Cohron, JW George, EP Heatherly, L Liu, CT Zee, RH TI Reply to "a comment on hydrogen-boron interaction and its effect on the ductility and fracture of Ni3Al" SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Editorial Material ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; ENVIRONMENTAL EMBRITTLEMENT; POLYCRYSTALLINE NI3AL; DOPED NI3AL; CHEMISTRY; ENRICHMENT C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Auburn Univ, Mat Engn Program, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Cohron, JW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014; OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD FEB 3 PY 1998 VL 38 IS 5 BP 847 EP 850 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(97)00532-0 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA YX225 UT WOS:000072018900023 ER PT J AU Clark, DL Keogh, DW Palmer, PD Scott, BL Tait, CD AF Clark, DL Keogh, DW Palmer, PD Scott, BL Tait, CD TI Synthesis and structure of the first transuranium crown ether inclusion complex: [NpO2([18]crown-6)]ClO4 SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE actinides; crown compounds; host-guest chemistry; neptunium ID URANYL-NITRATE; EXAFS; URANIUM; DICYCLOHEXANO-18-CROWN-6; ELUCIDATION; HYDROLYSIS; THORIUM C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, GT Seaborg Inst Transactinium Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Clark, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Mail Stop G-739, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 26 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 1-2 BP 164 EP 166 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19980202)37:1/2<164::AID-ANIE164>3.3.CO;2-O PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA YW348 UT WOS:000071925600040 ER PT J AU Sun, XD Xiang, XD AF Sun, XD Xiang, XD TI New phosphor (Gd2-xZnx)O3-delta : Eu3+ with high luminescent efficiency and superior chromaticity SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COMBINATORIAL AB A new phosphor, (Gd1.54Zn0.46)O3-delta:Eu-0.06(3+), with a photoluminescent quantum efficiency of approximate to 86% and a superior color chromaticity (x = 0.656, y = 0.344) compared to the state of art red phosphor Y2O3:Eu3+ was identified using the combinatorial thin film synthesis method. This phosphor may replace Y2O3:Eu3+ in display applications where a more saturated red phosphor is preferred. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xiang, XD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Xiang, Xiaodong/A-9445-2012; Xiang, Xiaodong/A-5936-2017 NR 17 TC 58 Z9 73 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 72 IS 5 BP 525 EP 527 DI 10.1063/1.120809 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YU312 UT WOS:000071704700005 ER PT J AU Hagiwara, R Ito, Y AF Hagiwara, R Ito, Y TI Electrochemical behavior of a graphite anode in fluorosulfonic acid at -78 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE electrolysis; peroxydisulfuryl difluoride; graphite fluorosulfate; anode effect AB Electrochemical oxidation of fluorosulfate ion (SO3F-) on a graphite anode gives peroxydisulfuryl difluoride (S2O6F2) at -78 degrees C in KSO3F/HSO3F solution. Continuous electrolysis finally results in a potential jump of the graphite anode, which is quite similar to the anode effect found in the molten KF . 2HF electrolysis to produce elemental fluorine. The formation of a metallic blue graphite fluorosulfate, CxSO3F . n(HSO3F), is mainly achieved by the chemical reaction of graphite with S2O6F2 as the electrolyte solution is warmed up to room temperature after the electrolysis. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Kyoto Univ, Dept Fundamental Energy Sci, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 606, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat & Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hagiwara, R (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Fundamental Energy Sci, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 606, Japan. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-1139 J9 J FLUORINE CHEM JI J. Fluor. Chem. PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 87 IS 2 BP 185 EP 188 DI 10.1016/S0022-1139(97)00143-7 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA ZD546 UT WOS:000072697400010 ER PT J AU Boettger, JC Smith, JR Birkenheuer, U Rosch, N Trickey, SB Sabin, JR Apell, SP AF Boettger, JC Smith, JR Birkenheuer, U Rosch, N Trickey, SB Sabin, JR Apell, SP TI Extracting convergent surface formation energies from slab calculations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Editorial Material AB It is known that surface formation energies obtained as differences between slab energies and an independently determined bulk energy will diverge linearly with the slab thickness. A recent paper by Fiorentini and Methfessel presented 'a solution to this problem that eliminates the divergence and leads to rapidly convergent and accurate surface energies'. Although their work is correct, the solution they propose is not new. In this comment, we provide some of the historical background neglected by Fiorentini and Methfessel. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. GM Corp, Dept Phys, Ctr Res & Dev, Warren, MI 48090 USA. Tech Univ Munich, Lehrstuhl Theoret Chem, D-85747 Garching, Germany. Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Appl Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Gothenburg Univ, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Boettger, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Roesch, Notker/C-1182-2010 NR 7 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 15 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 10 IS 4 BP 893 EP 894 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/10/4/017 PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YV791 UT WOS:000071863700017 ER PT J AU Bigbee, WL Fuscoe, JC Grant, SG Jones, IM Gorvad, AE Harrington-Brock, K Strout, CL Thomas, CB Moore, MM AF Bigbee, WL Fuscoe, JC Grant, SG Jones, IM Gorvad, AE Harrington-Brock, K Strout, CL Thomas, CB Moore, MM TI Human in vivo somatic mutation measured at two loci: individuals with stably elevated background erythrocyte glycophorin A (gpa) variant frequencies exhibit normal T-lymphocyte hprt mutant frequencies SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE somatic mutation; recombination; glycophorin A (gpa); hprt; outlier; clonality; age ID HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE GENE; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; HUMAN CONTROL POPULATION; HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; MULTIPLEX PCR ANALYSIS; IN-VIVO; DELETION MUTATIONS; A LOCUS; CELL CLONING; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AB A survey of glycophorin A (gpa) in vivo somatic cell mutation in a population of 394 healthy people from 8 to 77 years of age (mean age +/- SD 41 +/- 15 years) revealed a subset of 37 individuals with stably elevated allele-loss and/or allele-loss with duplication variant erythrocyte frequencies (V(f)) exceeding 30 x 10(-6). These 37 individuals with gpa outlier V(f) are significantly older (p < 0.001) than the remainder of the larger study population from which they were drawn reflecting a highly significant increase in the prevalence of these individuals in the population beyond age 40 years. A study of hprt mutant frequencies (M(f)) in the peripheral blood T-lymphocytes of 27 of these individuals, together with 15 matched control individuals with unremarkable gpa V(f). was undertaken to determine ii these subjects also displayed elevated mutation frequencies at this independent locus indicative of globally elevated somatic mutation. The hprt M(f) in these 27 subjects (geometric mean 11.5 x 10(-6) (dispersion interval 5.8 x 10(-6) to 22.8 x 10(-6))) was not significantly different from that observed in the 15 controls (geometric mean 12.1 x 10(-6) (dispersion interval 5.7 x 10(-6) to 25.5 x 10(-6))). These M(f) are higher than typically reported values reflecting the older age distribution of these individuals (arithmetic mean age +/- SD 53 +/- 12 and 50 +/- 16 years for the subjects and controls, respectively). Taken together, these data suggest that several genetic mechanisms may be responsible for producing the gpa outlier V(f) observed in these subjects. The observation that hprt M(f) were not increased indicates that the majority did not arise by a genome-wide increased rate of somatic mutation detectable at both loci. The fixation and subsequent expansion of 'jackpot' mutations at the gpa locus occurring early in embryonic/fetal development also does not appear to be a predominant mechanism. Some cases may result from a stable over-representation of gpa variant cells, perhaps associated with a marked age-dependent decrease in the number of contributing erythroid stem cells in the bone marrow. The subset that displays elevated allele-loss with duplication V(f) involving both gpa alleles may represent individuals with increased rates of somatic recombination. Elevations arising by this mechanism are not detected in the hprt assay, but could be confirmed using an autosomal locus in vivo somatic cell mutation endpoint such as thr hla-a assay. Of primary biological significance, these results demonstrate that genetic/stochastic processes leading to the loss of heterozygosity of somatic cells occur ubiquitously in humans and in some individuals this level of somatic mosaicism can approach a frequency of 10(-3) at the gpa locus in erythroid lineage cells. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Environm & Occupat Hlth & Toxicol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Canc, Mol Carcinogenesis Program, Pittsburgh, PA USA. US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA USA. RP Bigbee, WL (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Environm & Occupat Hlth & Toxicol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM wlbigbee+@pitt.edu RI Grant, Stephen/D-6984-2014 OI Grant, Stephen/0000-0002-9236-0913 NR 61 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 397 IS 2 BP 119 EP 136 DI 10.1016/S0027-5107(97)00186-3 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA ZD024 UT WOS:000072643200001 PM 9541637 ER PT J AU Pluth, JM O'Neill, JP Nicklas, JA Albertini, RJ AF Pluth, JM O'Neill, JP Nicklas, JA Albertini, RJ TI Molecular bases of hprt mutations in malathion-treated human T-lymphocytes SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE hprt mutation spectra; malathion; human T-lymphocyte ID SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS; LESCH-NYHAN; HUMAN-CELLS; CDNA; INSECTICIDE; MUTANTS; FREQUENCY; SOFTWARE AB Recently, we reported that 6 of 84 (7.1%) hprt mutants arising in in vitro malathion-treated human T-lymphocytes were characterized by specific genomic deletions in a 125-bp region of exon 3 (Pluth et al., Cancer Research 56 (1996) 2393-2399. We have now extended study to determine whether additional differences in molecular spectrum at a basepair level exist between control and malathion-treated mutations, and investigated whether there is evidence to support the hypothesis that malathion is an alkylating agent. We analyzed 101 hprt mutants (24 from control and 77 from treated cultures) isolated from six in vitro malathion exposures of T-lymphocytes from four healthy male donors. Analysis consisted of: Southern blotting, genomic multiplex PCR, genomic DNA sequencing and reverse transcription PCR amplification (RT/PCR) and sequencing of the cDNA product. Mutations at several basepair sites were frequent after malathion exposure and were isolated from treated cells from at least two different individuals. Using a human hprt mutation database for comparison, the frequency of mutations at one of these sites (basepair 134) was found to be significantly elevated in the malathion-treated cells(p < 0.0005). Hprt mutations in malathion-treated cells arose preferentially at G:C basepairs, which is consistent with earlier reports that malathion alkylates guanine nucleotides. Assessing molecular changes at both genomic and cDNA levels in the same mutants revealed that many small, partial exon deletions (< 20 bp) in genomic DNA were often represented in the cDNA as the loss of one or more exons. In addition, it was noted that identical genomic mutations can result in different cDNA products in different T-cell isolates. These observations affirm the importance of genomic sequence analysis in combination with RT/PCR for a more accurate definition of the mutation spectrum. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Vermont, Genet Toxicol Lab, Burlington, VT 05401, Canada. RP Pluth, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. FU PHS HHS [T3207122] NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 397 IS 2 BP 137 EP 148 DI 10.1016/S0027-5107(97)00200-5 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA ZD024 UT WOS:000072643200002 PM 9541638 ER PT J AU Sandorfi, AM Blanpied, G Blecher, M Caracappa, A Djalali, C Giordano, G Hicks, K Hoblit, S Khandaker, M Kistner, OC Kuczewski, A Lowry, M Lucas, M Matone, G Miceli, L Preedom, B Rebreyend, D Schaerf, C Sealock, RM Stroher, H Thorn, CE Thornton, ST Tonnison, J Whisnant, CS Zhang, H Zhao, X AF Sandorfi, AM Blanpied, G Blecher, M Caracappa, A Djalali, C Giordano, G Hicks, K Hoblit, S Khandaker, M Kistner, OC Kuczewski, A Lowry, M Lucas, M Matone, G Miceli, L Preedom, B Rebreyend, D Schaerf, C Sealock, RM Stroher, H Thorn, CE Thornton, ST Tonnison, J Whisnant, CS Zhang, H Zhao, X CA The LEGS Collaboration TI The E2/M1 ratio in Delta photoproduction SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Quark Lepton Nuclear Physics (QULEN 97) - Non-Perturbative QCD Hadron Physics and Electroweak Nuclear Processes CY MAY 20-23, 1997 CL OSAKA, JAPAN SP Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys ID PION-PHOTOPRODUCTION; RESONANCE REGION; COMPTON-SCATTERING; PROTON; MODEL AB New high-precision measurements of p((gamma)over-right-arrow, pi) and p((gamma)over-right-arrow, gamma) cross sections and beam asymmetries have been combined with other polarization ratios in a simultaneous analysis of both reactions. Compton scattering has provided two important new constraints on the photo-pion amplitude. The E2/M1 mixing ratio for the N right-arrow Delta transition extracted from this analysis is EMR=-3.0%-/+0.3(stat+sys)-/+0.2(model). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 2, Rome, Italy. Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Ohio Univ, Dept Phys, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-6300 Giessen, Germany. RP Sandorfi, AM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 629 IS 1-2 BP 171C EP 179C PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ZC851 UT WOS:000072625300028 ER PT J AU Lee, TSH AF Lee, TSH TI Chiral constituent quark model predictions of electroproduction of the Delta on the nucleon and He-3 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Quark Lepton Nuclear Physics (QULEN 97) - Non-Perturbative QCD Hadron Physics and Electroweak Nuclear Processes CY MAY 20-23, 1997 CL OSAKA, JAPAN SP Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys ID SCATTERING; NN AB We show that the phenomenological Delta isobar models call be related to the chiral constituent quark model. The parameters needed for predicting a dynamics in nuclei call therefore be determined, as has been done in a recent investigation of pi N and gamma N reactions. A preliminary prediction for He-3(e, e'Delta(++)) reaction is presented for testing the a components in He-3 predicted by tin 87-channel Faddeev calculation for three-nucleon systems. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Osaka Univ, Nucl Phys Res Ctr, Osaka, Japan. RP Lee, TSH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 629 IS 1-2 BP 180C EP 189C PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ZC851 UT WOS:000072625300029 ER PT J AU Chrien, RE AF Chrien, RE TI H particle searches at Brookhaven SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Quark Lepton Nuclear Physics (QULEN 97) - Non-Perturbative QCD Hadron Physics and Electroweak Nuclear Processes CY MAY 20-23, 1997 CL OSAKA, JAPAN SP Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys ID K-,K+ REACTION; DIBARYON AB Following the suggestion by R. L. Jaffe twenty years ago [1], researchers have been trying to establish the existence of a six-quark object, termed the "H" dibaryon, predicted by the phenomenological quark bag model. This object quickly became the focus of experimental searches at several locations, including the AGS [2]. This search still continues, with perhaps the most active program being carried out at the 2.0 GeV/c beam line at the BNL-AGS. The research was considerably enhanced by the writing of two notable papers at BNL by Aerts and Dover [3,4], which gave quantitative predictions for H-production cross sections in two very different reaction mechanisms. One of these, the formation of cascade atomic deuterium to form the H by fusion, had been first suggested by P. D. Barnes [5]. The 2.0 GeV/c line [6] at the AGS was specifically designed to provide an adequate kaon flux for double strangeness and charge exchange reactions. It has been used for two H searches, E813 and E836, as well as for several Lambda Lambda searches, E885 and E906. These four experiments are setting significant limits on H-production. The results of these experiments are discussed, and descriptions of related H searches at Brookhaven are given. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chrien, RE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 629 IS 1-2 BP 388C EP 397C PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ZC851 UT WOS:000072625300059 ER PT J AU Berdoz, AR Birchall, J Bowman, JD Campbell, JR Davis, CA Green, AA Green, PW Hamian, AA Healey, DC Helmer, R Kadantsev, S Kuznetsov, Y Laxdal, R Lee, L Levy, CDP Mischke, RE Page, SA Ramsay, WD Reitzner, SD Roy, G Schmor, PW Sekulovich, AM Soukup, J Stinson, GM Stocki, T Sum, V Titov, NA van Oers, WTH Woo, RJ Zelenski, AN AF Berdoz, AR Birchall, J Bowman, JD Campbell, JR Davis, CA Green, AA Green, PW Hamian, AA Healey, DC Helmer, R Kadantsev, S Kuznetsov, Y Laxdal, R Lee, L Levy, CDP Mischke, RE Page, SA Ramsay, WD Reitzner, SD Roy, G Schmor, PW Sekulovich, AM Soukup, J Stinson, GM Stocki, T Sum, V Titov, NA van Oers, WTH Woo, RJ Zelenski, AN TI Parity violation in proton-proton scattering SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Quark Lepton Nuclear Physics (QULEN 97) - Non-Perturbative QCD Hadron Physics and Electroweak Nuclear Processes CY MAY 20-23, 1997 CL OSAKA, JAPAN SP Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys ID TOTAL CROSS-SECTION; NUCLEUS SCATTERING; NONCONSERVATION; ASYMMETRY; F-18; FORCES AB Measurements of parity-violating longitudinal analyzing powers (normalized asymmetries) in polarized proton-proton scattering provide a unique window on the interplay between the weak and strong interactions between and within hadrons. Several new proton-proton parity violation experiments are presently either being performed or are being prepared for execution in the near future: at TRIUMF at 221 MeV and 450 MeV and at COSY (Kernforschungsanlage Julich) at 230 MeV and near 1.3 GeV. These experiments are intended to provide stringent constraints on the set of six effective weak meson-nucleon coupling constants, which characterize the weak interaction between hadrons in the energy domain where meson exchange models provide an appropriate description. The 221 MeV is unique in that it selects a single transition amplitude (P-3(2) - D-1(2)) and consequently constrains the weak meson-nucleon coupling constant h(rho)(pp) The TRIUMF 221 MeV proton-proton parity violation experiment is described in some detail. A preliminary result for the longitudinal analyzing power is A(z) = (1.1 +/- 0.4 +/- 0.4) x 10(-7). Further proton-proton parity violation experiments are commented on. The anomaly at 6 GeV/c requires that a new multi-GeV proton-proton parity violation experiment be performed. C1 Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T5G 2N5, Canada. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. RP Berdoz, AR (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 629 IS 1-2 BP 433C EP 444C PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ZC851 UT WOS:000072625300065 ER PT J AU Barabash, AS AF Barabash, AS CA NEMO Collaboration TI Investigation of double beta decay of Se-82 and Zr-96 with tracking detector NEMO-2 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Quark Lepton Nuclear Physics (QULEN 97) - Non-Perturbative QCD Hadron Physics and Electroweak Nuclear Processes CY MAY 20-23, 1997 CL OSAKA, JAPAN SP Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys AB To investigate double beta decay processes the NEMO collaboration developed an electron tracking detector made of Geiger cells for track reconstruction and plastic scintillators for energy measurements. The prototype, NEMO-2, is described and results on beta beta decay of Se-82 and Zr-96 are given. C1 CEN Bordeaux, Gradignan, France. CFR, Gif Sur Yvette, France. CRN, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Jyvaskyla, Finland. FNSPE, Prague, Czech Republic. INEL, Idaho Falls, ID USA. INR, Kiev, Ukraine. ITEP, Moscow, Russia. JINR, Dubna, Russia. LAL, Orsay, France. LPC, Caen, France. MHC, S Hadley, MA USA. RP Barabash, AS (reprint author), CEN Bordeaux, Gradignan, France. RI Barabash, Alexander/S-8851-2016 NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 629 IS 1-2 BP 517C EP 522C PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA ZC851 UT WOS:000072625300075 ER PT J AU Grossman, Y Nir, Y Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH AF Grossman, Y Nir, Y Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH TI Implications of the Fleischer-Mannel bound SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID CHANGING NEUTRAL CURRENTS; CP ASYMMETRIES; B-DECAYS; ISOSPIN ANALYSIS; VIOLATION; PHYSICS AB Fleischer and Mannel (FM) have shown that it may become possible to constrain the angle gamma of the unitarity triangle from measurements of various B --> pi K decays, This constraint is independent of hadronic uncertainties to the few percent level. We show that, within the Standard Model, the FM bound can give strong constraints on the CKM parameters. In particular, it could predict a well-defined sign for sin 2 gamma and sin 2 alpha. In a class of extensions of the Standard Model, where New Physics affects only Delta B = 2 (and, in particular, not Delta B = 1) processes, the FM bound can lead to constraints on CP asymmetries in B decays into final CP eigenstates even if B - (B) over bar mixing is dominated by unknown New Physics. In our analysis, we use a new method to combine in a statistically meaningful way the various measurements that involve CKM parameters, (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. IN2P3, CNRS, Accelerateur Lineaire Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Grossman, Y (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 31 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 69 EP 84 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(97)00736-0 PG 16 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YZ027 UT WOS:000072212800004 ER PT J AU de Boer, J Oz, Y AF de Boer, J Oz, Y TI Monopole condensation and confining phase of N=1 gauge theories via M-theory fivebrane SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE M-theory fivebrane; supersymmetric gauge theories; monopole condensation; confinement AB The fivebrane of M-theory is used in order to study the noduli space of vacua of confining phase N = 1 supersymmetric gauge theories in four dimensions. The supersymmetric vacua correspond to the condensation of massless monopoles and confinement of photons, The monopole and meson vacuum expectation values are computed using the fivebrane configuration, The comparison of the fivebrane computation and the field theory analysis shows that at vacua with a classically enhanced gauge group SU(r) the effective superpotential obtained by the "integrating in" method is exact for r = 2 but is not exact for r > 2. The fivebrane configuration corresponding to N = 1 gauge theories with Landau-Ginzburg type superpotentials is studied. N = 1 non-trivial fixed points are analyzed using the brane geometry. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP de Boer, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, 366 LeConte Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 63 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 155 EP 196 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(97)00731-1 PG 42 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YZ027 UT WOS:000072212800007 ER PT J AU Huang, ZR Ruth, RD AF Huang, ZR Ruth, RD TI Laser-electron storage ring SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 90-DEGREES THOMSON SCATTERING; X-RAY PULSES; LINEAR COLLIDERS; GENERATION; PROPOSAL AB A compact laser-electron storage ring (LESR) is proposed for electron beam cooling or x-ray generation, The LESR uses an intense laser pulse stored In a high-finesse resonator to interact repetitively with a circulating electron beam in the energy range from a few MeV to a few hundred MeV, The rapid damping caused by laser-electron interaction counterbalances the intrabeam scattering effect, thus allowing electron beams with relatively low energy to be cooled or stabilized in the storage ring to very low transverse emittances. Intense x rays are produced simultaneously from Compton backscattering and can be used for x-ray lithography and other applications. [S0031-9007(97)05245-9]. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Huang, ZR (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 16 TC 93 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 5 BP 976 EP 979 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.976 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YU675 UT WOS:000071742600021 ER PT J AU Han, SW Ihm, J Louie, SG Cohen, ML AF Han, SW Ihm, J Louie, SG Cohen, ML TI Enhancement of surface hardness: Boron on diamond (111) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLIDS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; MODEL AB We have performed ab initio pseudopotential calculations for the diamond (111) surface with nitrogen or boron replacing the surface carbon atoms. Surface boron atoms form planar sp(2) bonds with carbon atoms and the compressive stress from the underlying bulk diamond lattice squeezes the B-C bonds significantly. Bulk and shear moduli in the surface region increase substantially, surpassing those of bulk diamond. In contrast, for the nitrogen-covered surface, N-C bonds are elongated because of the tensile stress from bulk diamond and the elastic stiffness decreases. [S0031-9007(97)05216-2]. C1 Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Ctr Theoret Phys, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Han, SW (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 151742, South Korea. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 5 BP 995 EP 998 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.995 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YU675 UT WOS:000071742600026 ER PT J AU Jin, KJ Mahan, GD Metiu, H Zhang, ZY AF Jin, KJ Mahan, GD Metiu, H Zhang, ZY TI Quantum-size effects on the pattern formation of monatomic-layer-high metal islands on surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; WELL STATES; GROWTH; HOMOEPITAXY; NUCLEATION; FILMS; AG; COALESCENCE; AGGREGATION; TRANSITION AB The quantum-size effects are shown to play a crucial rule in defining the patterns of metal islands formed on surfaces. The energy in elongated needlelike islands oscillates with the width of the needle, clearly demonstrating the existence of preferred needle widths. The energy of the square or rectangular islands varies periodically with the side length, predicting preference for islands with specific sizes. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Jin, KJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 38 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 5 BP 1026 EP 1029 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1026 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YU675 UT WOS:000071742600034 ER PT J AU Hone, J Ellwood, I Muno, M Mizel, A Cohen, ML Zettl, A Rinzler, AG Smalley, RE AF Hone, J Ellwood, I Muno, M Mizel, A Cohen, ML Zettl, A Rinzler, AG Smalley, RE TI Thermoelectric power of single-walled carbon nanotubes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; MICROTUBULES; TRANSPORT AB We have measured the temperature-dependent thermoelectric power (TEP) of crystalline ropes of single-walled carbon nanotubes. The TEP is large and holelike at high temperatures and approaches zero as T --> 0. The results argue against the opening of a gap at low temperature in these materials. When derived from a simple band structure picture, the TEP of a single metallic nanotube is significantly lower than the measured TEP, strongly suggesting that the predicted electron-hole symmetry of metallic nanotubes is broken when the tubes self-assemble into ropes. Different models for the symmetry breaking are considered. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rice Quantum Inst, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Houston, TX 77721 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77721 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77721 USA. RP Hone, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Hone, James/E-1879-2011; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Hone, James/0000-0002-8084-3301; Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 23 TC 193 Z9 193 U1 6 U2 42 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 5 BP 1042 EP 1045 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1042 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YU675 UT WOS:000071742600038 ER PT J AU Lopez, D Krusin-Elbaum, L Safar, H Righi, E de la Cruz, F Grigera, S Feild, C Kwok, WK Paulius, L Crabtree, GW AF Lopez, D Krusin-Elbaum, L Safar, H Righi, E de la Cruz, F Grigera, S Feild, C Kwok, WK Paulius, L Crabtree, GW TI Pinned vortex liquid above the critical point of the first-order melting transition: A consequence of pointlike disorder SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA SINGLE-CRYSTALS; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; UNTWINNED YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; FLUX-LINE; LATTICE; STATE; ENTANGLEMENT; MODEL AB We report on a strongly pinned entangled vortex liquid above the critical point (CP) of the first-order melting transition in untwinned YBa2Cu3O7-delta single crystals, Above CP, the c su;is dissipation is finite where the in-plane dissipation is undetectable, implying large in-plane vortex pinning in the presence of vortex cutting and recombination. We demonstrate that the behavior above CP is governed by pointlike disorder. The same behavior is reproduced in twinned samples with proton-induced point defects. [S0031-9007(97)05237-X]. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Sci & Technol Ctr Superconduct, Argonne, IL 60435 USA. IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. Western Michigan Univ, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RP Lopez, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Sci & Technol Ctr Superconduct, Argonne, IL 60435 USA. RI grigera, santiago/A-4932-2010 NR 30 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 5 BP 1070 EP 1073 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1070 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YU675 UT WOS:000071742600045 ER PT J AU Wang, J Sood, AK Satyam, PV Feng, YP Wu, XZ Cai, ZH Yun, WB Sinha, SK AF Wang, J Sood, AK Satyam, PV Feng, YP Wu, XZ Cai, ZH Yun, WB Sinha, SK TI X-ray fluorescence correlation spectroscopy: A method for studying particle dynamics in condensed matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GOLD COLLOIDS AB We have demonstrated that x-ray fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, in conjunction with microfocused synchrotron x-ray beams, can be used for elucidating particle dynamics. The dynamics of gold and ferromagnetic colloidal panicles and aggregates undergoing both diffusion and sedimentation in water has been studied by measuring the time autocorrelation of the x-ray fluorescence intensity from a small illuminated volume, The dynamical parameters obtained are in excellent agreement with theoretical estimates and other measurements, Potential applications of the technique are discussed. [S0031-9007(97)05208-3]. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 18 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 5 BP 1110 EP 1113 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1110 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YU675 UT WOS:000071742600055 ER PT J AU Balatsky, AV Salkola, MI AF Balatsky, AV Salkola, MI TI Comment on "Impurity states and the absence of quasiparticle localization in disordered d-wave superconductors" - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Balatsky, AV (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 2 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 5 BP 1117 EP 1117 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.1117 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YU675 UT WOS:000071742600059 ER PT J AU Rader, DJ Geller, AS AF Rader, DJ Geller, AS TI Showerhead-enhanced inertial particle deposition in parallel-plate reactors SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STAGNATION-POINT FLOW; ROTATING-DISK; HEAT-TRANSFER; TRANSPORT; VELOCITY; FORCES; WAFER AB Particle deposition is modeled in a parallel-plate reactor geometry characteristic of a aide range of semiconductor process tools: uniform downward flow exiting a perforated-plate showerhead separated by a small gap from a circular wafer resting on a parallel susceptor. Because the area available to flow is constricted inside the showerhead, high gas velocities within showerhead holes can accelerate particles and lead to inertia-enhanced particle deposition on the wafer below. Numerical models are presented for determining the extent of inertia-enhanced deposition in a parallel-plate geometry for particles originating upstream of the showerhead. The problem is treated in two steps, for which particle and fluid transport are determined: 1), within a showerhead-hole, and 2) between the showerhead and susceptor. Analytic expressions are presented for the gas velocity in the showerhead holes. Particle transport analysis leads to an analytic expression for the dimensionless particle velocity at the exit of the showerhead as a function of the dimensionless showerhead thickness, the showerhead porosity, and the particle Stokes number. The fluid flow field in the inter-plate region is calculated by both an analytic 1-D creeping-flow approximation and by a numerical 2-D finite element method; for Reynolds numbers less than about four, the two methods are found to be in good agreement. To calculate the net effect of inertia-enhanced deposition, the analysis of particle acceleration in the showerhead is coupled with that for interplate transport. The final result is the particle collection efficiency (fraction of particles entering the reactor that deposit on the wafer) as a function of the dimensionless parameters characterizing: showerhead porosity, showerhead thickness, inter-plate Reynolds number, dimensionless particle drift velocity (a measure of the strength of applied external forces), and particle Stokes number. Conditions are found under which particle acceleration in the showerhead greatly enhances particle deposition on wafers. Numerical predictions are presented for the critical Stokes number, which is the nondimensional particle size at which inertial effects lead to substantial particle deposition even in the absence of external forces. Specific guidelines for reducing inertia-enhanced particle deposition include: increase the number of and/or enlarge the size of the showerhead holes, make the showerhead very thin, keep the inter-plate gap large, apply an external force that resists deposition, use low mass how rates, avoid low pressure, or use a high molecular weight gas. For Reynolds numbers less than four, particle deposition efficiencies calculated with the analytic inter-plate flow field approximation are found to be in good agreement with numerical 2-D simulations. (C) 1998 American Association for Aerosol Research. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. RP Rader, DJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 28 IS 2 BP 105 EP 132 DI 10.1080/02786829808965515 PG 28 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA YQ058 UT WOS:000071343200002 ER PT J AU McHugh, PR Knoll, DA Keyes, DE AF McHugh, PR Knoll, DA Keyes, DE TI Application of Newton-Krylov-Schwarz algorithm to low-Mach-number compressible combustion SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 34th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit CY JAN 15-19, 1996 CL RENO, NEVADA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut ID LINEAR-SYSTEMS; MATRIX C1 Semitool Inc, Thermal Prod Div, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Theoret & Computat Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Inst Comp Applicat Sci & Engn, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP McHugh, PR (reprint author), Semitool Inc, Thermal Prod Div, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 36 IS 2 BP 290 EP 292 DI 10.2514/2.7515 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA YU341 UT WOS:000071697800024 ER PT J AU Austin, MA Talmud, PJ Luong, LA Haddad, L Day, INM Newman, B Edwards, KL Krauss, RM Humphries, SE AF Austin, MA Talmud, PJ Luong, LA Haddad, L Day, INM Newman, B Edwards, KL Krauss, RM Humphries, SE TI Candidate-gene studies of the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype: A sib-pair linkage analysis of DZ women twins SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; FAMILIAL COMBINED HYPERLIPIDEMIA; COMPLEX SEGREGATION ANALYSIS; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; HORMONE-SENSITIVE LIPASE; LDL SUBCLASS PHENOTYPES; PLASMA TRIGLYCERIDE; INHERITED SUSCEPTIBILITY; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS AB There is a growing body of evidence supporting the roles of small, dense LDL and plasma triglyceride (TG), both features of the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype, as risk factors for coronary heart disease. Although family studies and twin studies have demonstrated genetic influences on these risk factors, the specific genes involved remain to be determined definitively. The purpose of this study was to investigate genetic linkage between LDL size, TG, and related atherogenic lipoproteins and candidate genes known to be involved in lipid metabolism. The linkage analysis was based on a sample of 126 DZ women twin pairs, which avoids the potentially confounding effects of both age and gender, by use of a quantitative sib-pair linkage-analysis approach. Eight candidate genes were examined, including those for microsomal TG-transfer protein (MTP), hepatic lipase, hormone-sensitive lipase, apolipoprotein (apo) B, apo CIII, apo E, insulin receptor, and LDL receptor: The analysis suggested genetic linkage between markers for the apo B gene and LDL size, plasma levels of TG, of HDL cholesterol, and of apo B, all features of the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype. Furthermore, evidence for linkage was maintained when the analysis was limited to women with a major LDL-subclass diameter >255 Angstrom, indicating that the apo B gene may influence LDL heterogeneity in the intermediate-to-large size range. In addition, linkage was found between the MTP gene and TG, among all the women. These findings add to the growing evidence for genetic influences on the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype and its role in genetic susceptibility to atherosclerosis. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. UCL, Rayne Inst, Div Cardiovasc Genet, London, England. Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Dept Mol & Nucl Med, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Austin, MA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Box 357236, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM maustin@u.washington.edu RI Talmud, Philippa/C-4402-2008; OI Talmud, Philippa/0000-0002-5560-1933 FU NCRR NIH HHS [1 P41 RR03655]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-41830, HL-46880] NR 63 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0002-9297 EI 1537-6605 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 406 EP 419 DI 10.1086/301712 PG 14 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA ZA927 UT WOS:000072416000025 PM 9463319 ER PT J AU Volkow, ND Wang, GJ Fowler, JS Hitzemann, R Gatley, SJ Dewey, SS Pappas, N AF Volkow, ND Wang, GJ Fowler, JS Hitzemann, R Gatley, SJ Dewey, SS Pappas, N TI Enhanced sensitivity to benzodiazepines in active cocaine-abusing subjects: A PET study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID RAT-BRAIN; PERSISTING CHANGES; DISCRETE REGIONS; RECEPTORS; METABOLISM; LORAZEPAM; ETHANOL; HUMANS; SYSTEM; SENSITIZATION AB Objective: Because cocaine enhances dopamine brain activity and dopamine signals are transferred through gamma-aminobutyric acid pathways, the authors hypothesized GABA-ergic disruption in cocaine-abusing subjects. This study tests this hypothesis. Method: GABA brain function was assessed indirectly by measuring the brain metabolic responses to lorazepam, a drug that facilitates GABA neurotransmission. Thirteen current cocaine-abusing subjects and 14 comparison subjects were scanned twice with positron emission tomography and [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose; the first scan was obtained after placebo administration and the second after lorazepam administration (30 mu g/kg). Results: Despite significantly higher plasma lorazepam concentrations in comparison subjects than in cocaine-abusing subjects, lorazepam-induced decrements in whole brain metabolism were significantly greater in cocaine-abusing (mean = 21%, SD = 13%) than in comparison (mean = 13%, SD = 7%) subjects. These differences were largest in striatum, thalamus, and parietal cortex. Lorazepam-induced sleepiness in cocaine-abusing subjects was intense and was significantly greater than in comparison subjects, and it was correlated with lorazepam-induced changes in thalamic metabolism. Whereas regional metabolic measures during placebo administration were significantly higher in cocaine-abusing subjects than in comparison subjects, the measures during lorazepam administration were equivalent for both groups. Conclusions: The enhanced sensitivity to lorazepam in cocaine-abusing subjects suggests disruption of GABA pathways that may reflect, in part, cocaine withdrawal. The intense sleepiness induced by lorazepam in some of the abusers, despite their significantly lower plasma concentrations, should alert clinicians of the potential toxicity from accentuated responses to sedative hypnotics in active cocaine-abusing subjects. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychiat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Volkow, ND (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Bldg 490, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM volkow@bnl.gov FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-06891] NR 46 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 155 IS 2 BP 200 EP 206 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA YV303 UT WOS:000071809700008 PM 9464198 ER PT J AU Piepel, G Redgate, T AF Piepel, G Redgate, T TI A mixture experiment analysis of the Hald cement data SO AMERICAN STATISTICIAN LA English DT Article DE collinearity; component effects; independent variable transformation; model reduction; variable selection AB Data from a cement example published by Hald has been widely used in the statistics literature to illustrate collinearity and variable selection methods. Study of the 1932 article from which Hald obtained the data reveals several interesting facts: (1) the data resulted from a mixture experiment; (2) the collinearity among the independent variables resulted from transforming oxide compositions to compound compositions; (3) Hald does not list or discuss one component of the cement mixture that is essentially constant for all data points except one; and (4) this paint is thus potentially influential. The cement data published in the 1932 article are Listed and discussed. Mixture experiment analyses for cement compositions expressed in both oxide and compound components are presented and compared, The mixture experiment analyses are also compared to typical nonmixture experiment analyses of the data. Based on this work, we recommend that textbook, journal, and instructional uses of the Hald cement data set take into account the four facts listed, and analyze the data using mixture experiment methods. We also make several general recommendations that data analysts should consider when faced with ether data sets involving mixtures or independent variable transformations. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Statist Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Micron Elect Inc, Qual Dept, Nampa, ID 83687 USA. RP Piepel, G (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Statist Grp, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0003-1305 J9 AM STAT JI Am. Stat. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 52 IS 1 BP 23 EP 30 DI 10.2307/2685561 PG 8 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA ZD569 UT WOS:000072699700005 ER PT J AU Fister, JC Jacobson, SC Davis, LM Ramsey, JM AF Fister, JC Jacobson, SC Davis, LM Ramsey, JM TI Counting single chromophore molecules for ultrasensitive analysis and separations on microchip devices SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS; MICRODROPLETS; DIFFUSION; CHIP; PCR AB Separations of 15 pM rhodamine 6G and 30 pM rhodamine B performed in a micromachined electrophoresis channel were detected by counting fluorescence bursts from individual molecules. The migration times, peak widths, and analyte concentrations were estimated from the number and the migration time distribution of the detected molecules. Concentration detection limits estimated at >99% confidence were 1.7 pM rhodamine 6G and 8.5 pM rhodamine B. The separations required <35 s and the relative migration time uncertainties were less than 2.0%. These are the lowest detection limits reported for microchip separation devices and the first example of single-chromophore molecular counting for detection of chemical separations. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Inst Space, Ctr Laser Applicat, Tullahoma, TN 37388 USA. RP Ramsey, JM (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Chem, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RI Davis, Lloyd/D-7648-2013 OI Davis, Lloyd/0000-0002-3169-3044 NR 43 TC 143 Z9 148 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 3 BP 431 EP 437 DI 10.1021/ac9707242 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA YV310 UT WOS:000071810400002 PM 21644741 ER PT J AU Popovic, ND Johnson, DC AF Popovic, ND Johnson, DC TI A ring-disk study of the competition between anodic oxygen-transfer and dioxygen evolution reactions SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DOPED LEAD DIOXIDE; ELECTROCATALYSIS; ELECTRODES; MECHANISM; OXIDATION AB Voltammetric data obtained at a rotated ring-disk electrode for oxidation of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to dimethyl sulfone support the conclusion that anodic O-transfer and O-2(aq)-evolution reactions are in competition for a common reaction precursor, That species is concluded to be the adsorbed OH radical generated by anodic discharge of H2O, Because of this competition, an increase in the nux of the reactant in the O-transfer reaction causes a decrease in the rate of O-2(aq) evolution, Therefore, difference voltammetry and hydrodynamically modulated voltammetry cannot be considered reliable for accurate deconvolution of the total electrode current resulting from these concomitant processes. A simple mathematical model is developed to describe the total current resulting from these simultaneous processes, and results of preliminary tests of this model are in good agreement with experimental data for DMSO oxidation. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Johnson, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 11 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 3 BP 468 EP 472 DI 10.1021/ac9707803 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA YV310 UT WOS:000071810400007 PM 21644745 ER PT J AU Domansky, K Baldwin, DL Grate, JW Hall, TB Li, J Josowicz, M Janata, J AF Domansky, K Baldwin, DL Grate, JW Hall, TB Li, J Josowicz, M Janata, J TI Development and calibration of field-effect transistor-based sensor array for measurement of hydrogen and ammonia gas mixtures in humid air SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYANILINE; IDENTIFICATION; FILMS AB A sensor array for analyzing hydrogen and ammonia gas mixtures in humid air has been developed, built into a rugged system, and calibrated for laboratory testing, The sensor array is comprised of four chemically sensitive field-effect transistors (CHEMFETs). Chemically sensitive layers for the sensors were developed and tested using a Kelvin probe, A combination of catalytic and noncatalytic thin layers (palladium and polyaniline) was selected for the four-sensor array, The work function responses of the CHEMFET sensor array to mixtures of hydrogen, ammonia, and humid air were measured, Chemometric multivariate methods, linear and nonlinear partial least squares, were used for the calibration of the sensor array using gas mixtures in the concentration range from 0 to 10000 ppm hydrogen and ammonia in humid air, The sensor away for ammonia showed good sensitivity, selectivity, response time, and stability and is recommended for field deployment. In contrast, the sensor array for hydrogen, though highly sensitive to hydrogen, demonstrated inadequate stability, requiring further development before deployment is recommended. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Domansky, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 29 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 3 BP 473 EP 481 DI 10.1021/ac970427x PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA YV310 UT WOS:000071810400008 PM 21644746 ER PT J AU Bruce, JE Anderson, GA Udseth, HR Smith, RD AF Bruce, JE Anderson, GA Udseth, HR Smith, RD TI Large molecule characterization based upon individual ion detection with electrospray ionization-FTICR mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLY-CHARGED IONS; CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE; WEIGHT DETERMINATION; LARGE BIOMOLECULES; FREQUENCY-SHIFTS; RESOLUTION; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; POPULATIONS; MODULATION AB We report a new method for mass spectrometric measurements of high-molecular-weight species based on the summation of sequential Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) spectra of individual multiply charged ions. This approach produces statistically useful mass spectra for large multiply charged molecular species formed by electrospray ionization and circumvents conventional limitations upon achievable resolving power and precision for high-molecular-weight species which arise due to Coulombic constraints. For very large molecules with tens to thousands of charges each, the total number of charges required to define the charge-state distribution, and thus provide accurate mass information, greatly exceeds the useful charge capacity of the FTICR cell. As trapped ion populations approach or exceed this capacity, FTICR performance degrades due to large frequency shifts, peak coalescence phenomena, and rapid loss of ion packet coherence, which effectively precludes high-resolution and precision measurements for molecules above similar to 80-kDa size for a 7-T magnetic field strength. The present approach is based on the summation of many spectra having moderate populations of individual ions and relies on sensitivity sufficient for individual ion detection. While the number of trapped ions contributing to each mass spectrum may generally be insufficient to define the isotopic or charge-state distributions (and thus produce accurate information on the molecular weight distribution in a conventional fashion), the present data processing and summation approach suppresses the noise component (as well as smaller signals) that would otherwise be problematic. Importantly, this approach circumvents natural limitations for very high molecular weight species due to Coulombic interactions and thus provides a basis for much greater resolution and mass measurement accuracy than otherwise possible. This paper presents the details of this approach and its demonstration for the 66-kDa protein bovine serum albumin (where the conventional approach is also feasible) and discusses important aspects of the data manipulation. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 36 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 3 BP 519 EP 525 DI 10.1021/ac9711706 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA YV310 UT WOS:000071810400014 PM 21644751 ER PT J AU Groenewold, GS Ingram, JC McLing, T Gianotto, AK Avci, R AF Groenewold, GS Ingram, JC McLing, T Gianotto, AK Avci, R TI Cs+ speciation on soil particles by TOF-SIMS imaging SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STATIC SIMS; DISTRIBUTION COEFFICIENTS; ENVIRONMENTAL SURFACES; FOREST SOIL; RADIOCESIUM; SEDIMENTS; PHOSPHATE AB Soil particles exposed to CsI solutions were analyzed by imaging time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and also by scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The results showed that Cs+ could be detected and imaged on the surface of the soil particles readily at concentrations down to 160 ppm, which corresponds to 0.04 monolayer, Imaging revealed that most of the soil surface consisted of aluminosilicate material, However, some of the surface was more quartzic in composition, primarily SiO2 with little Al, It was observed that adsorbed Cs+ was associated with the presence of Al on the surface of the soil particles, In contrast, in high SiO2 areas of the soil particle where little IU was observed, little adsorbed Cs+ was observed on the surface of the soil particle, Using EDS, Cs+ was observed only in the most concentrated Cs+-soil system, and Cs+ was clearly correlated with the presence of Al and I, These results are interpreted in terms of multiple layers of CsI forming over areas of the soil surface that contain substantial Al, These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the insertion of Al into the SiO2 lattice results in the formation of anionic sites, which are then capable of binding cations. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Montana State Univ, Image & Chem Anal Lab, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Groenewold, GS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 25 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 3 BP 534 EP 539 DI 10.1021/ac9705172 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA YV310 UT WOS:000071810400016 PM 21644752 ER PT J AU Kung, CY Barnes, MD Lermer, N Whitten, WB Ramsey, JM AF Kung, CY Barnes, MD Lermer, N Whitten, WB Ramsey, JM TI Confinement and manipulation of individual molecules in attoliter volumes SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID CONFOCAL FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; SINGLE-MOLECULES; BIOTECHNOLOGY AB We report observation of fluorescence from individual rhodamine 6G molecules in streams of charged 1-mu m-diameter water droplets. With this approach, illumination volumes comparable to diffraction-limited fluorescence microscopy techniques (less than or equal to 500 at) are achieved, resulting in similarly high contrast between single-molecule fluorescence signals and nonfluorescent background, However since the fluorescent molecules are confined to electrically charged droplets, in situ electrodynamic manipulation (e,g,, focusing, switching, or merging) can be accomplished in a straightforward manner, allowing experimental control over both the delivery of molecules of interest to the observation region and the laser-molecule interaction time, As illustrated by photocount statistics that are independent of molecular diffusion and spatial characteristics of the excitation field, individual rhodamine 6G molecules in 1-mu m droplets are reproducibly delivered to a target a few micrometers in diameter at a rate of between 10 and 100 Hz, with laser beam transit times more than 1 order of magnitude longer than diffusion-limited laser-molecule interaction times in equivalent volumes of free solution. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Barnes, MD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 25 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 3 BP 658 EP 661 DI 10.1021/ac971107g PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA YV310 UT WOS:000071810400034 PM 21644763 ER PT J AU Beck, CW AF Beck, CW TI Mode of fertilization and parental care in anurans SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; REPRODUCTIVE-BEHAVIOR; BROOD CARE; FROGS; EVOLUTION; GENUS; DENDROBATIDAE; BUFONIDAE; AMPHIBIA; HYLIDAE AB Current hypotheses for explaining which sex cares for offspring assume a relationship between the mode of fertilization and the sex showing parental care. In general, it is hypothesized that maternal care should be concentrated in taxa with internal fertilization, and paternal care should be concentrated in taxa with external fertilization. Studies have supported this relationship; however, new comparative techniques and new data on parental care and the frequency of internal fertilization in anurans suggest that the relationship should be re-evaluated. I examined the relationship between mode of fertilization and sex providing parental care in 334 taxa of anurans using concentrated changes tests and in 396 taxa of anurans using a method developed by Ridley (1983. The Explanation of Organic Diversity. The Comparative Method and Adaptations of Mating. Oxford: Clarendon). The results of the concentrated changes tests showed that both female and male parental care are randomly distributed among taxa with respect to mode of fertilization. However, using Ridley's method, I found significant relationships between mode of fertilization and sex providing parental care. The observed and expected numbers of transitions from external fertilization and no parental care to external fertilization and male parental care or to internal fertilization and female parental care are not qualitatively different. Therefore, the results of my analyses suggest that current hypotheses for explaining the occurrence of maternal versus paternal care in anurans should be reconsidered. (C) 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. C1 Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC USA. RP Beck, CW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 55 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 39 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 55 BP 439 EP 449 DI 10.1006/anbe.1997.0619 PN 2 PG 11 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA YY033 UT WOS:000072105500017 ER PT J AU Walker, D Moler, PE Buhlmann, KA Avise, JC AF Walker, DeEtte Moler, Paul E. Buhlmann, Kurt A. Avise, John C. TI Phylogeographic uniformity in mitochondrial DNA of the snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article AB Previous studies have revealed considerable genetic variation, geographic localization, and genealogical depth for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes within each of several species of freshwater turtles in the south-eastern United States of America. Here we report a notable exception to such phylogeographic patterns. In control-region sequences of 66 snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) collected from 10 south-eastern states, a single mtDNA haplotype predominated and the two rare variants detected were nearly identical to the common genotype. This pattern of low mtDNA variation and a lack of appreciable geographic population structure is extremely unusual for a widely distributed animal species. For purposes of taxonomy and conservation, these findings suggest the presence of only one 'evolutionarily significant unit' for C. serpentina in this otherwise phylogeographically rich region of the country. Possible explanations for this phylogeographic pattern in the snapping turtle are considered. C1 [Walker, DeEtte; Avise, John C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Moler, Paul E.] Florida Game & Fresh Water Fish Commiss, Wildlife Res Lab, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA. [Buhlmann, Kurt A.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Walker, D (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM Walker@BSCR.UGA.EDU FU NIH [DE-FC09-96SR18546]; NSF; University of Georgia FX We would like to thank the following for assistance: C. Abercrombie, I. Barak, B. Bowen, V. Burke, M. Case, G. Clark, B. Cope, J. Distler, J. Dobie, S. Emms, R. Evans, D. Franz, J. Godwin, M. Hare, J. Hill, D. Jansen, T. Johnson, A. Jones, Y. Leiden, J. Mitchell, B. Nelson, G. Orti, P. Prodohl, R. Reams, F. Rose, J. Rouse, C. Starling, W. Van Devender, and the employees of the University of Georgia golf course. We are also indebted to the personnel from the following National Fish Hatcheries: Bo Ginn, McKinney Lake, Tupeol, and Warm Springs; and from state parks in Alabama, Mississippi, and Georgia. All specimens were collected under relevant state permits. Special thanks are due to M. Goodisman and J. Roman for conducting independent assays on some snapping turtle samples. Members of the Avise laboratory provided helpful comments on the manuscript. Work was supported by an NIH training grant to D.W., by DOE contract DE-FC09-96SR18546 between the US Department of energy and the University of Georgia's Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, and by an NSF grant and University of Georgia funds to J.C.A. NR 31 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1367-9430 EI 1469-1795 J9 ANIM CONSERV JI Anim. Conserv. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 1 IS 1 BP 55 EP 60 DI 10.1111/j.1469-1795.1998.tb00226.x PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V71EC UT WOS:000204810200008 ER PT J AU Chandler, DP Wagnon, CA Bolton, H AF Chandler, DP Wagnon, CA Bolton, H TI Reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibition of PCR at low concentrations of template and its implications for quantitative RT-PCR SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; AQUATICUS DNA-POLYMERASE; HEPATITIS-A VIRUS; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; T4 GENE-32 PROTEIN; MESSENGER-RNA; PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; OCEAN WATER; SOIL; AMPLIFICATION AB Numerous instances of reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibition of the PCR were observed while developing nonquantitative uncoupled RT-PCR techniques for detecting nitrogenase and ammonia monooxggenase gene expression in situ. The inhibitory effect of RT on the PCR was removed with increasing template concentrations beyond 10(5) to 10(6) copies. Including T4 gene 32 protein during the reverse transcription phase of the RT-PCR reaction increased the RT-PCR product yield by as much as 483%; if gene 32 protein was introduced after reverse transcription but prior to the PCR phase, no improvement in product yield was observed. Addition of 1 mu g of exogenous calf thymus DNA or yeast tRNA did little to relieve RT inhibition of the PCR on both genomic DNA and mRNA templates. These results suggest that RT inhibition of the PCR is mediated through direct interaction with the specific primer-template combination (DNA and RNA) and point to specific assay modifications for estimating the extent of RT inhibition and counteracting some of the inhibitory effect. Furthermore, the working hypothesis of RT inhibition below a 10(5) to 10(6) copy threshold has important implications for quantitative RT-PCR studies. In particular, competitive, quantitative RT-PCR systems will consistently underestimate the actual RNA concentration. Hence, enumerations of RNA templates below 10(5) to 10(6) copies will be relative to an internal standard and will not be an absolute measure of RNA abundance in situ. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chandler, DP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 900 Battelle Blvd,Mail Stop K4-06, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Bolton, Harvey/E-5583-2011 NR 47 TC 92 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 64 IS 2 BP 669 EP 677 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA YV746 UT WOS:000071858600046 PM 9464406 ER PT J AU James, DFV AF James, DFV TI Quantum dynamics of cold trapped ions with application to quantum computation SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID LIFETIMES; DECOHERENCE; TRANSITIONS; STATES; JUMPS; CA+; 4P AB The theory of interactions between lasers and cold trapped ions as it pertains to the design of Cirac-Zoller quantum computers is discussed. The mean positions of the trapped ions, the eigenvalues and eigenmodes of the ions' oscillations, the magnitude of the Rabi frequencies for both allowed and forbidden internal transitions of the ions, and the validity criterion for the required Hamiltonian are calculated. Energy level data for a variety of ion species are also presented. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T4, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP James, DFV (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T4, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dfvj@t4.lanl.gov RI James, Daniel/B-9805-2009 OI James, Daniel/0000-0003-3981-4602 NR 37 TC 298 Z9 300 U1 0 U2 28 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 66 IS 2 BP 181 EP 190 DI 10.1007/s003400050373 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA YU983 UT WOS:000071776700007 ER PT J AU Wu, H Dennis, KW Kramer, MJ McCallum, RW AF Wu, H Dennis, KW Kramer, MJ McCallum, RW TI Solubility limits of LRE1+xBa2-xCu3O7+delta SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article ID BA-CU-O; OXYGEN PARTIAL-PRESSURE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SOLID-SOLUTION; T-C; SYSTEM; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ND AB Unlike YBa2Cu3O7+delta which forms only a stoichiometric compound, the light rare earth (LRE) elements form a solid solution of LRE1+xBa2-xCu3O7+delta (LRE123ss) with increasing substitution of the rate earth for Ba2+ as the ionic radii of the rare earth increases. The effects of oxygen partial pressure (Po-2) on the solubility limits of LRE123ss (LRE = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd) were studied by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and measurement of superconducting transition temperature (T-c). An understanding the Po-2 and temperature dependence of the solubility limits will not only provide guidelines for obtaining high T-c in LRE123ss but also clarify the flux pinning mechanism in these systems. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP McCallum, RW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 46 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD FEB-MAY PY 1998 VL 6 IS 2-5 BP 87 EP 107 DI 10.1016/S0964-1807(98)00090-8 PG 21 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 139DY UT WOS:000077013700005 ER PT J AU Hirasawa, M Brandes, HK Hartman, FC Knaff, DB AF Hirasawa, M Brandes, HK Hartman, FC Knaff, DB TI Oxidation-reduction properties of the regulatory site of spinach phosphoribulokinase SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FERREDOXIN-THIOREDOXIN SYSTEM; RIBULOSE-5-PHOSPHATE KINASE; DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; CHLOROPLAST ENZYMES; CYSTEINYL RESIDUES AB The oxidation-reduction midpoint potential (E-m) of the regulatory disulfide, formed between Cys16 and Cys55, of spinach chloroplast phosphoribulokinase has been determined both for the wild-type enzyme and for a C244S-C250S double mutant, using enzymatic activity to monitor the oxidation-reduction state of the regulatory disulfide. At pH 7.0, E-m values for the two-electron reduction of the regulatory disulfide of -295 +/- 10 and -290 +/- 10 mV were measured for the wild-type and mutant, respectively. In contrast to the dependence of activity on ambient potential (E-h) observed for the wild-type enzyme and the double mutant, which both followed the Nernst equation for a two-electron process, high and constant activity was exhibited by a C16S-C244S-C250 triple mutant of the enzyme at all E-h values tested. E-m values for the wild-type enzyme were also measured at pH values of 6.7, 7.5, 7.7, and 8.2 and the E-m vs pH data in this region give a good fit to a straight line with a elope of -60 mV/pH unit. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Inst Biotechnol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Prot Engn Program, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Knaff, DB (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. NR 29 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 350 IS 1 BP 127 EP 131 DI 10.1006/abbi.1997.0499 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA YV539 UT WOS:000071835200017 PM 9466829 ER PT J AU Fischer, P Pryor, C Murray, S Mateo, M Richtler, T AF Fischer, P Pryor, C Murray, S Mateo, M Richtler, T TI Mass segregation in young large Magellanic Cloud clusters. I. NGC 2157 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, star clusters; globular clusters, individual (NGC 2157); Magellanic Clouds ID GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; STAR-CLUSTERS; EVOLUTION AB We have carried out Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 V-and I-band imaging of the young LMC cluster NGC 2157. Construction of a color-magnitude diagram and isochrone fitting yield an age of tau = 10(8) yr, a reddening E(B-V) = 0.1, and a distance modulus of 18.4 mag. Our data cover the mass range 0.75 M. less than or equal to m less than or equal to 5.1 M.. We find that the cluster mass function changes significantly from the inner regions to the outer regions, becoming steeper (larger number of low-mass stars relative to high-mass stars) at larger radii. The age of NGC 2157 is comparable to its two-body relaxation timescale only in the cluster core. The observed steepening of the mass function at larger radii is therefore most likely an initial condition of the cluster stars, Such initial conditions are predicted in models of cluster star formation in which dissipative processes act more strongly upon more massive stars. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Bonn, Sternwarte, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Fischer, P (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 830 Dennison Bldg, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Murray, Stephen/I-8685-2016; OI Murray, Stephen/0000-0001-5597-090X; Pryor, Carlton/0000-0002-7517-8749 NR 34 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 115 IS 2 BP 592 EP 604 DI 10.1086/300212 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA YW535 UT WOS:000071946100019 ER PT J AU Shi, XD Turner, MS AF Shi, XD Turner, MS TI Expectations for the difference between local and global measurements of the Hubble constant SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background; cosmology, observations; cosmology, theory distance scale ID DARK-MATTER; UNIVERSE; MODELS AB There are irreducible differences between the Hubble constant measured locally and the global value. They are due to density perturbations, a finite sample volume (cosmic variance), and a finite number of objects in the sample (sampling variance). We quantify these differences for a suite of COBE-normalized cold dark matter models that are consistent with the observed large-scale structure. For small samples of objects that only extend to 10,000 km s(-1), the variance can approach 4%. For the largest samples of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), which include about 40 objects and extend to almost 40,000 km s(-1), the variance is 1%-2% and is dominated by sampling variance. Sampling and cosmic variance may be an important consideration in comparing local determinations of the Hubble constant with precision determinations of the global value that will be made from high-resolution maps of cosmic background radiation anisotropy. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Shi, XD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 17 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 493 IS 2 BP 519 EP 522 DI 10.1086/305169 PN 1 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA YW232 UT WOS:000071911700002 ER PT J AU Mezzacappa, A Calder, AC Bruenn, SW Blondin, JM Guidry, MW Strayer, MR Umar, AS AF Mezzacappa, A Calder, AC Bruenn, SW Blondin, JM Guidry, MW Strayer, MR Umar, AS TI The interplay between proto-neutron star convection and neutrino transport in core-collapse supernovae SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE convection; stars, interiors; stars, neutron; supernovae, general ID DIFFUSIVE INSTABILITIES; II SUPERNOVA; SN 1987A; EXPLOSIONS; MECHANISM; ACCRETION; EQUATION; SHOCK AB We couple two-dimensional hydrodynamics to realistic one-dimensional multigroup flux-limited diffusion neutrino transport to investigate proto-neutron star convection in core-collapse supernovae, and more specifically, the interplay between its development and neutrino transport. Our initial conditions, time-dependent boundary conditions, and neutrino distributions for computing neutrino heating, cooling, and deleptonization rates are obtained from one-dimensional simulations that implement multigroup flux-limited diffusion and one-dimensional hydrodynamics. The development and evolution of proto-neutron star convection are investigated for both 15 and 25 M-. models, representative of the two classes of stars with compact and extended iron cores, respectively. For both models, in the absence of neutrino transport, the angle-averaged radial and angular convection velocities in the initial Ledoux unstable region below the shock after bounce achieve their peak values in similar to 20 ms, after which they decrease as the convection in this region dissipates. The dissipation occurs as the gradients are smoothed out by convection. This initial proto-neutron star convection episode seeds additional convectively unstable regions farther out beneath the shock. The additional proto-neutron star convection is driven by successive negative entropy gradients that develop as the shock, in propagating out after core bounce, is successively strengthened and weakened by the oscillating inner core. The convection beneath the shock distorts its sphericity, but on the average the shock radius is not boosted significantly relative to its radius in our corresponding one-dimensional models. In the presence of neutrino transport, proto-neutron star convection velocities are too small relative to bulk inflow velocities to result in any significant convective transport of entropy and leptons. This is evident in our two-dimensional entropy snapshots, which in this case appear spherically symmetric. The peak angle-averaged radial and angular convection velocities are orders of magnitude smaller than they are in the corresponding "hydrodynamics-only" models. A simple analytical model supports our numerical results, indicating that the inclusion of neutrino transport reduces the entropy-driven (lepton-driven) convection growth rates and asymptotic velocities by a factor similar to 3 (50) at the neutrinosphere and a factor similar to 250 (1000) at rho = 10(12) g cm(-3), for both our 15 and 25 M-. models. Moreover, when transport is included, the initial postbounce entropy gradient is smoothed out by neutrino diffusion, whereas the initial lepton gradient is maintained by electron capture and neutrino escape near the neutrinosphere. Despite the maintenance of the lepton gradient, proto-neutron star convection does not develop over the 100 ms duration typical of all our simulations, except in the instance where "low-test" intial conditions are used, which are generated by core-collapse and bounce simulations that neglect neutrino-electron scattering and ion-ion screening corrections to neutrino-nucleus elastic scattering. Models favoring the development of proto-neutron star convection either by starting with more favorable, albeit artificial (low-test), initial conditions or by including transport corrections that were ignored in our "fiducial" models were considered. Our conclusions nonetheless remained the same. Evidence of proto-neutron star convection in our two-dimensional entropy snapshots was minimal, and, as in our fiducial models, the angle-averaged convective velocities when neutrino transport was included remained orders of magnitude smaller than their counterparts in the corresponding hydrodynamics-only models. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Theoret & Computat Phys Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Mezzacappa, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Theoret & Computat Phys Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Calder, Alan/E-5348-2011; Umar, Ahmet/J-4125-2013; Mezzacappa, Anthony/B-3163-2017 OI Umar, Ahmet/0000-0002-9267-5253; Mezzacappa, Anthony/0000-0001-9816-9741 NR 50 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 493 IS 2 BP 848 EP + DI 10.1086/305164 PN 1 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA YW232 UT WOS:000071911700030 ER PT J AU Lee, RL Naslund, E AF Lee, RL Naslund, E TI Lagrangian stochastic particle model simulations of turbulent dispersion around buildings SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE pollutant dispersion; turbulent flow; finite element model; particle-in-cell technique ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; FINITE-ELEMENT METHOD; 3-DIMENSIONAL FLOW AB This paper describes a numerical modeling approach that can be used to provide estimates of air concentrations due to emissions at industrial sites or other sites where buildings may have an important impact on the dispersion patterns. The procedure consists of two sequential steps: (i) Prediction of mean flow and turbulence fields via a turbulent flow model. and, (ii) Employment of the calculated flow and turbulence fields to drive a Lagrangian stochastic particle model. Two flow scenarios are used as input to a Lagrangian model; the scenarios assume neutral atmospheric conditions and incoming winds that are from 270 and 240 degrees. The problem configuration for the first calculation is based on an earlier transport and diffusion simulation that employed an existing particle-in-cell flux-gradient dispersion model. The second simulation is used to demonstrate the strong spatial variations that the concentration field exhibit within the highly complex separation zones of building wakes. The relationship between concentration levels and toxic load are discussed for the case of a chemical spill. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Def Res Estab, Umea, Sweden. RP Lee, RL (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 32 IS 4 BP 665 EP 672 DI 10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00313-0 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ZE065 UT WOS:000072754200006 ER PT J AU Whitney, JB Leder, A Lewis, J Popp, RA Paszty, C Rubin, EM Shehee, WR Townes, TM Smithies, O AF Whitney, JB Leder, A Lewis, J Popp, RA Paszty, C Rubin, EM Shehee, WR Townes, TM Smithies, O TI Rapid genotyping of mice with hemoglobinopathies and globin transgenes SO BIOCHEMICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE hemoglobinopathy; mice; transgenic; hemolysis; hemoglobin ID OSMOTIC FRAGILITY; BETA-THALASSEMIA; GENETIC-CONTROL; MOUSE; ROL AB The hematology of the laboratory mouse has been well characterized. Normal genetic differences at the alpha- and beta-globin gene loci serve as useful markers for a wide variety of types of experimental studies. There are a number of naturally occurring or induced mutations that disrupt globin expression and produce thalassemic phenotypes. In addition, much has been learned of the workings of the globin locus control region from studies of transgenic mice, including those with mutations induced by targeted sire-specific modifications. After a new mutation or transgene has been created, it must be maintained in living mice, and the genotypes of the offspring must be ascertained. While it is possible to determine genotypes by DNA analyses, such assays are time consuming and relatively expensive. Art osmotic challenge test--originally developed for the genotyping of large-deletion alpha-thalassemia mutations in mice--has proven useful in detecting both severe and milder alpha- and beta-thalassemias, as well as some transgenic genotypes in mice carrying human globin genes. Reliable genotyping can, in some cases, be completed within a few minutes with minimal expense. Quantification of red cell fragility for a variety of thalassemic and transgenic mice is described here, along with a simplified test suitable for rapid, routine genotyping. The osmotic challenge test is perfectly reliable for distinguishing genotypes that cause significantly decreased release of hemoglobin from the red cells, but it is also useful for some of the conditions in which overall erythrocyte osmotic fragility is essentially normal. C1 Med Coll Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Biol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Human Genome, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Whitney, JB (reprint author), Med Coll Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01HLO37001] NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0006-2928 J9 BIOCHEM GENET JI Biochem. Genet. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 36 IS 1-2 BP 65 EP 77 DI 10.1023/A:1018752219810 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA ZF607 UT WOS:000072914000005 PM 9562907 ER PT J AU Jentzen, W Ma, JG Shelnutt, JA AF Jentzen, W Ma, JG Shelnutt, JA TI Conservation of the conformation of the porphyrin macrocycle in hemoproteins SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; DESULFOVIBRIO-VULGARIS HILDENBOROUGH; 1-CENTER-DOT-9 ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; RESONANCE RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; PROTEIN DATA-BANK; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CYTOCHROME-C; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; DESULFURICANS NORWAY; HEME-DISTORTIONS AB The out-of-plane distortions of porphyrins in hemoproteins are characterized by displacements along the lowest-frequency out-of-plane normal coordinates of the D-4h-symmetric macrocycle. X-ray crystal structures are analyzed using a computational procedure developed for determining these orthogonal displacements. The x-ray crystal structures of the heme groups are described within experimental error, using the set composed of only the lowest frequency normal coordinate of each out-of-plane symmetry type. That is, the distortion is accurately simulated by a linear combination of these orthonormal deformations, which include saddling (B-2u), ruffling (B-1u), doming (A(2u)), waving (E-g), and propellering (A(1u)). For example, orthonormal structural decomposition of the hemes in deoxymyoglobins reveals a predominantly dom heme deformation combined with a smaller wav(y) deformation. Generally, the heme conformation is remarkably similar for proteins from different species. For cytochromes c, the conformation is conserved as long as the amino acids between the cysteine linkages to the heme are homologous. Differences occur if this short segment varies in the number or type of residues, suggesting that this small segment causes the nonplanar distortion. Some noncovalently linked hemes like those in the peroxidases also have highly conserved characteristic distortions. Conservation occurs even for some proteins with a large natural variation in the amino acid sequence. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Catalysis & Chem Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Shelnutt, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Catalysis & Chem Technol Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jasheln@unm.edu RI Shelnutt, John/A-9987-2009 OI Shelnutt, John/0000-0001-7368-582X NR 60 TC 242 Z9 243 U1 3 U2 17 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP 753 EP 763 PN 1 PG 11 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL047 UT WOS:000073393500008 PM 9533688 ER PT J AU Quantock, AJ Kinoshita, S Capel, MS Schanzlin, DJ AF Quantock, AJ Kinoshita, S Capel, MS Schanzlin, DJ TI A synchrotron x-ray diffraction study of developing chick corneas SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 11-17, 1997 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol ID COLLAGEN FIBRILS; STROMA; ORGANIZATION; EYE AB To study some ultrastructural aspects of developing chick corneas we performed a synchrotron x-ray diffraction analysis of 22 specimens obtained daily from developmental day 10 through day 19, Before day 12 of development in chicks we were unable to detect a meridional x-ray diffraction pattern from cornea, Neither were we able to record a first-order equatorial x-ray reflection at this time. Normally, these reflections are present in corneal x-ray patterns, arising from, respectively, the periodic axial electron density of fibrillar collagen and the lattice-like arrangement of the fibrils, By day 12 of development we could detect the third-and fifth-order meridional reflections (indicating increased amounts of collagen) and a first-order equatorial reflection (implying that more collagen was regularly arranged), The third-and fifth-order meridional reflections became more intense as the tissue matured, suggestive of a continued deposition of fibrillar collagen, and the scattering angle of the interfibrillar maximum increased, suggesting that regularly arranged collagen was becoming more closely packed with maturation. In embryonic chick corneas, the establishment of an orderly, fairly compacted matrix of collagen fibrils may be one of the main events underlying the acquisition of corneal transparency. C1 Kyoto Prefectural Univ Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Kamigyo Ku, Kyoto 602, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Ophthalmol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Quantock, AJ (reprint author), Kyoto Prefectural Univ Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Kamigyo Ku, Hirokoji Kawaramachi, Kyoto 602, Japan. EM jquantoc@koto.kpu-m.ac.jp NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP 995 EP 998 PN 1 PG 4 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL047 UT WOS:000073393500031 PM 9533711 ER PT J AU Agbaria, RA Mauthe, B Winter, N Turteltaub, K Radousky, HB AF Agbaria, RA Mauthe, B Winter, N Turteltaub, K Radousky, HB TI Heterocyclic amines and their intermediates binding to DNA and other restrained environments SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A136 EP A136 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400781 ER PT J AU Berendzen, J Benson, D Chu, K Davies, M Gerber, NC Mueller, EJ Petsko, GA Ringe, D Sligar, S Stock, AM Sweet, RM Schlichting, I AF Berendzen, J Benson, D Chu, K Davies, M Gerber, NC Mueller, EJ Petsko, GA Ringe, D Sligar, S Stock, AM Sweet, RM Schlichting, I TI Crystal structures of reaction intermediates in cytochrome P-450 SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Dept Biochem, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Adv Biotechnol & Med, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brandeis Univ, Rosenstiel Ctr, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Max Planck Inst, Dortmund, Germany. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A250 EP A250 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401446 ER PT J AU Berendzen, J Terwilliger, TC Eisenberg, D Kim, SH AF Berendzen, J Terwilliger, TC Eisenberg, D Kim, SH TI A protein structure initiative SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012 OI Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A63 EP A63 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400354 ER PT J AU Berry, EA Huang, LS Zhang, Z Chi, YI Kim, KK Hung, LW Kim, SH AF Berry, EA Huang, LS Zhang, Z Chi, YI Kim, KK Hung, LW Kim, SH TI Structure of the mitochondrial cytochrome bc(1) complex: Pathways for electron transfer involving a mobile ironsulfur protein and two exposed edges of the cytochrome C-1 heme. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A329 EP A329 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401903 ER PT J AU Catasti, P Bradbury, EM Gupta, G AF Catasti, P Bradbury, EM Gupta, G TI The cytosine-rich strand of eukaryotic minisatellites can form intramolecularly folded I-motif structures in solution SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A20 EP A20 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400109 ER PT J AU Chatterjee, A Holley, WR Mian, IS AF Chatterjee, A Holley, WR Mian, IS TI Theoretical evidence for a zig-zag model of the 30 nm chromatin fiber in living cells SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A231 EP A231 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401331 ER PT J AU Chen, X Bradbury, EM Gupta, G AF Chen, X Bradbury, EM Gupta, G TI An in vitro replication assay to study the formation of unusual DNA structures formed by repetitive DNA sequences in the human genome SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A20 EP A20 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400108 ER PT J AU Chu, K Berendzen, J Schlichting, I Sweet, RM Vojtechovsky, J AF Chu, K Berendzen, J Schlichting, I Sweet, RM Vojtechovsky, J TI Myoglobin rebinding intermediates via kinetic crystallography SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, Dortmund, Germany. Max Planck Inst Mol Physiol, D-44139 Dortmund, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A236 EP A236 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401366 ER PT J AU Downing, KH Nogales, E AF Downing, KH Nogales, E TI Structure of tubulin determined by electron crystallography SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A244 EP A244 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401408 ER PT J AU Dyer, RB Gai, F Shreve, AP Russell, CJ Shin, YK AF Dyer, RB Gai, F Shreve, AP Russell, CJ Shin, YK TI Time-resolved infrared study of the folding mechanism of a leucine zipper, GCN4-p1 SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A173 EP A173 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400997 ER PT J AU Dyer, RB Gai, F Rodriguez, HM Gregoret, LM AF Dyer, RB Gai, F Rodriguez, HM Gregoret, LM TI Probing beta-sheet formation by time-resolved infrared and fluorescence spectroscopies SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A173 EP A173 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400996 ER PT J AU Edmondson, S Shriver, J AF Edmondson, S Shriver, J TI Solution structure of the thermophile Sac7d protein and Sac7d-DNA complexes. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 So Illinois Univ, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A67 EP A67 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400378 ER PT J AU Firestone, MA Tiede, DM Thiagarajan, P AF Firestone, MA Tiede, DM Thiagarajan, P TI Magnetic-field induced order in a liquid-crystalline gel incorporating integral membrane proteins. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A330 EP A330 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401908 ER PT J AU Franzen, S Bailey, JR Dyer, RB AF Franzen, S Bailey, JR Dyer, RB TI Step-scan FTIR study of ligation states of photolyzed carbonmonoxy H93G myoglobin SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci & Biotechnol Grp, CST 4, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A82 EP A82 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400470 ER PT J AU Garcia, AE Mariappan, SVS AF Garcia, AE Mariappan, SVS TI Structure and dynamics of CXG DNA triplet repets. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Hummer, Gerhard/A-2546-2013 OI Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A332 EP A332 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401923 ER PT J AU Garcia, AE Hummer, G AF Garcia, AE Hummer, G TI Sampling of conformational substates by cytochrome C: Correlation to hydrogen exchange. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Hummer, Gerhard/A-2546-2013 OI Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A332 EP A332 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401922 ER PT J AU Ghanshani, S Nguyen, A Mohrenweiser, H Cahalan, MD Chandy, KG AF Ghanshani, S Nguyen, A Mohrenweiser, H Cahalan, MD Chandy, KG TI hKCa4, on human chromosome 19q13.2, encodes the IKCa channel in T lymphocytes. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A204 EP A204 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401176 ER PT J AU Gimm, JA Peters, LL Lux, SE Mohandas, N AF Gimm, JA Peters, LL Lux, SE Mohandas, N TI Deficiencies in membrane proteins of the RBC affect the shear rigidity of cells but not the deformability of the membrane-skeletal network. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, UCSF, Bioengn Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02135 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A393 EP A393 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445402272 ER PT J AU Greenbaum, E Lee, JW Tevault, CV Blankinship, SL AF Greenbaum, E Lee, JW Tevault, CV Blankinship, SL TI A study of photosynthetic reactions in PS I-deficient mutants of C-reinhardtii. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A16 EP A16 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400086 ER PT J AU Hummer, G Garde, S Garcia, AE Paulaitis, ME Pratt, LR AF Hummer, G Garde, S Garcia, AE Paulaitis, ME Pratt, LR TI Role of hydrophobic interactions in pressure denaturation of proteins SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Pratt, Lawrence/H-7955-2012; Hummer, Gerhard/A-2546-2013 OI Pratt, Lawrence/0000-0003-2351-7451; Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A233 EP A233 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401347 ER PT J AU Jia, SL Zhang, J Ema, T Nelson, NY Ma, JG Jentzen, W Song, XZ Medforth, CJ Smith, KM Shelnutt, JA AF Jia, SL Zhang, J Ema, T Nelson, NY Ma, JG Jentzen, W Song, XZ Medforth, CJ Smith, KM Shelnutt, JA TI Nonplanar distortion influences axial ligation in nickel(II) meso-tetrasubstituted porphyrins SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Catalysis & Chem Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RI Shelnutt, John/A-9987-2009; Smith, Kevin/G-1453-2011 OI Shelnutt, John/0000-0001-7368-582X; Smith, Kevin/0000-0002-6736-4779 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A81 EP A81 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400463 ER PT J AU Katkov, II Mazur, P AF Katkov, II Mazur, P TI Cell suspensions in nigh centrifugal forces: Yield and survival SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A301 EP A301 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401738 ER PT J AU Kim, CY Park, MS Dyer, B Olah, G AF Kim, CY Park, MS Dyer, B Olah, G TI Characterization of the human FEN1 interaction with Mg++ ion and flap DNA substrate by small angle x-ray/neutron scattering and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A63 EP A63 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400356 ER PT J AU Knowles, DW Mohandas, N Evans, EA Chasis, JA AF Knowles, DW Mohandas, N Evans, EA Chasis, JA TI Network topology versus intrinsic molecular elasticity in explaining altered rigidity of biological membranes SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Pathol, Vancouver, BC, Canada. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A393 EP A393 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445402269 ER PT J AU Krueger, JK Bishop, NA Blumenthal, DK Zhi, G Stull, JT Trewhella, J AF Krueger, JK Bishop, NA Blumenthal, DK Zhi, G Stull, JT Trewhella, J TI Small-angle scattering studies of the Ca2+-dependence of calmodulin-myosin light chain kinase interactions SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Austin, TX USA. RI Krueger, Joanna/A-3110-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A349 EP A349 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445402015 ER PT J AU Lee, I Lee, JW Greenbaum, E AF Lee, I Lee, JW Greenbaum, E TI Biomolecular electronics: Vectorial arrays of photosynthetic reaction centers. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A16 EP A16 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400084 ER PT J AU Lee, JW Zhang, X Collins, R Lee, I Greenbaum, E AF Lee, JW Zhang, X Collins, R Lee, I Greenbaum, E TI Electro-energized photon emission from photosynthetic membranes SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A16 EP A16 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400085 ER PT J AU Lu, HP Xun, LY Xie, XS AF Lu, HP Xun, LY Xie, XS TI Probing dynamics of single enzyme molecules. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Environm Mol Sci Lab, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A10 EP A10 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400054 ER PT J AU Ma, JG Zhang, J Franco, R Jia, SL Shelnutt, JA AF Ma, JG Zhang, J Franco, R Jia, SL Shelnutt, JA TI Resonance Raman spectroscopy and normal-coordinate structural decomposition of the hemes in cytochromes c3 SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Quim, P-2825 Monte De Caparica, Portugal. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Catalysis & Chem Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Shelnutt, John/A-9987-2009 OI Shelnutt, John/0000-0001-7368-582X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A133 EP A133 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400762 ER PT J AU McMahon, BH Muller, JD Stojkovic, B Nienhaus, GU Frauenfelder, H AF McMahon, BH Muller, JD Stojkovic, B Nienhaus, GU Frauenfelder, H TI Structural interpretation of CO recombination to myoglobin - (5-320 K) SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Ulm, Dept Biophys, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. RI Nienhaus, Gerd Ulrich/G-8698-2012 OI Nienhaus, Gerd Ulrich/0000-0002-5027-3192 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A236 EP A236 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401362 ER PT J AU Milanovich, N Reinot, T Hayes, JM Small, GJ AF Milanovich, N Reinot, T Hayes, JM Small, GJ TI High resolution optical spectroscopy of aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate in MCF-10F human breast epithelial cells: A study by hole burning. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A181 EP A181 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401041 ER PT J AU Parpura, V Tong, W Johansen, J Yeung, E Haydon, PG AF Parpura, V Tong, W Johansen, J Yeung, E Haydon, PG TI Imaging serotonin in living neurons based on native fluorescence detection. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Lab Cellular Signaling, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Parpura, Vladimir/A-1242-2010 OI Parpura, Vladimir/0000-0002-4643-2197 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A86 EP A86 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400492 ER PT J AU Pomes, R Garcha, AE AF Pomes, R Garcha, AE TI Nanosecond structural fluctuations of cytochrome P450cam studied with molecular dynamics simulations SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A236 EP A236 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401361 ER PT J AU Potapenko, S Feeney, RE Yeh, Y AF Potapenko, S Feeney, RE Yeh, Y TI Percolation model for antifreeze glycoprotein effect on ice growth. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A274 EP A274 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401588 ER PT J AU Schumaker, MF Pomes, R Roux, B AF Schumaker, MF Pomes, R Roux, B TI A combined molecular dynamics and diffusion model of proton conduction through gramicidin SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Pure & Appl Math, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Grp Rech Transport Membranaire, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Univ Montreal, Dept Chim, Grp Rech Transport Membranaire, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A196 EP A196 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401132 ER PT J AU Simpson, MC Shreve, AP AF Simpson, MC Shreve, AP TI IR-pump/visible probe studies of vibrational structure and dynamics in the ground electronic state of 3 carotene. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Chem, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci & Biotechnol Grp CST4, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RI Simpson, Miriam/C-4237-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A293 EP A293 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401694 ER PT J AU Strzalka, J Chen, X Moser, CC Dutton, PL Ocko, BM Blasie, JK AF Strzalka, J Chen, X Moser, CC Dutton, PL Ocko, BM Blasie, JK TI Structural studies of model metalloprotein maquettes vectorially-oriented at a soft interface SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A236 EP A236 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401364 ER PT J AU Sutherland, BM Bennett, PV Sutherland, JC AF Sutherland, BM Bennett, PV Sutherland, JC TI Nucleotide sequence-level repair of specific cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers in human p53 and viral DNAs SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A287 EP A287 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401659 ER PT J AU Tiede, DM Zhang, R Thiyagarajan, P AF Tiede, DM Zhang, R Thiyagarajan, P TI Measurement of oxidation state dependent atomic reorganization in redox proteins in solution using neutron and X-ray scattering SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A85 EP A85 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400488 ER PT J AU Tong, J Liu, X Sanishvili, R Feinberg, BA Schejter, A Margoliash, E AF Tong, J Liu, X Sanishvili, R Feinberg, BA Schejter, A Margoliash, E TI Multiple facets of cytochrome C structure and function SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A1 EP A1 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400006 ER PT J AU Trewhella, J AF Trewhella, J TI Conformational flexibility in the regulation of target proteins by calmodulin and troponin C SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A9 EP A9 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400047 ER PT J AU Tung, CS AF Tung, CS TI Structural study and modeling of protein loops with fixed-ends SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A255 EP A255 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401471 ER PT J AU Wadkins, RM Vladu, B Tung, CS AF Wadkins, RM Vladu, B Tung, CS TI Stabilization of transient hairpins in single-stranded DNA by actinomycin D. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Inst Drug Dev, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A136 EP A136 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400777 ER PT J AU Warriner, HE Safinya, CR AF Warriner, HE Safinya, CR TI A new, long-ranged repulsive interaction between highly flexible polymer-decorated membranes SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mol Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A295 EP A295 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401709 ER PT J AU Weiss, S Ha, T Glass, J Liang, Y Enderle, T Selvin, PR Chemla, DS AF Weiss, S Ha, T Glass, J Liang, Y Enderle, T Selvin, PR Chemla, DS TI Towards the observation of single molecule reactions SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI weiss, shimon/B-4164-2009 OI weiss, shimon/0000-0002-0720-5426 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A10 EP A10 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445400051 ER PT J AU Zhao, JK Hoyer, E Boylen, S Walsh, DA Trewhella, J AF Zhao, JK Hoyer, E Boylen, S Walsh, DA Trewhella, J TI Quaternary structure of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase by neutron scattering SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Zhao, Jinkui/B-7872-2013 OI Zhao, Jinkui/0000-0002-7756-1952 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 74 IS 2 BP A255 EP A255 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZL549 UT WOS:000073445401476 ER PT J AU Turick, CE Bulmer, DK AF Turick, CE Bulmer, DK TI Enhanced reduction of nitrous oxide by Pseudomonas denitrificans with perfluorocarbons SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN; PERFLUOROCHEMICALS; EMULSIONS AB Nitrous oxide reduction and nitrogen production by Pseudomonas denitrificans, as well as culture growth rates all increased 2-3 fold when cultured in the presence of perfluorocarbon emulsions (10% v/v) as compared to control cultures grown in the absence of perfluorocarbons. Initial nitrous oxide concentrations for consecutive experiments were 0.7 and 1.2 mM respectively. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Dept Biotechnol, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Turick, CE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Dept Biotechnol, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM cet@inel.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 20 IS 2 BP 123 EP 125 DI 10.1023/A:1005364121431 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA YX388 UT WOS:000072035000006 ER PT J AU Huang, LJ Fehler, MC AF Huang, LJ Fehler, MC TI Accuracy analysis of the split-step Fourier propagator: Implications for seismic modeling and migration SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID WAVE-PROPAGATION; SCREEN METHOD; MEDIA; 3-D AB The split-step Fourier propagator is a one-way wave propagation method that has been widely used to simulate primary forward and backward (reflected) deterministic/random wave propagation due to its fast computational speed and limited computer memory requirement. The method is useful for rapid modeling of seismic-wave propagation in heterogeneous media where forward scattered waveforms can be considered to be dominant or reverberations can be ignored, The method is based on a solution to the one-way wave equation that requires expanding the square root of an operator and splitting of the resulting noncommutative operators to allow calculation by transferring wave fields between the space and wavenumber domains. Previous analysis of the accuracy of the method has focused on the error related to only a portion of the approximations involved in the propagator To better understand the accuracy of the propagator, we present a complete formal and numerical accuracy analyses. Our formal analysis indicates that the dominant error of the propagator increases as the first order in the marching interval. We show that nonsymmetrically and symmetrically split-step marching solutions have the same first-order error term. Their second-and third-order error terms are similar. Therefore, the differences between the accuracy of different split-step marching solutions rue insignificant. This conclusion is confirmed by our numerical tests. The relation among the phase error of the split-step Fourier propagator, relative velocity perturbation, and propagation angle is numerically studied. The results suggest that the propagator is accurate for up to a 60 degrees propagation angle from the main propagation direction for media with small relative velocity perturbations (10%). C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Huang, LJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, EES-4,MS D443, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 19 TC 23 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 88 IS 1 BP 18 EP 29 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ZB776 UT WOS:000072506900002 ER PT J AU Withers, M Aster, R Young, C Beiriger, J Harris, M Moore, S Trujillo, J AF Withers, M Aster, R Young, C Beiriger, J Harris, M Moore, S Trujillo, J TI A comparison of select trigger algorithms for automated global seismic phase and event detection SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SEISMOGRAMS; LOCATION; RECOGNITION; CALIFORNIA; TRACES AB Digital algorithms for robust detection of phase arrivals in the presence of stationary and nonstationary noise have a long history in seismology and have been exploited primarily to reduce the amount of data recorded by data logging systems to manageable levels. In the present era of inexpensive digital storage, however, such algorithms are increasingly being used to flag signal segments in continuously recorded digital data streams for subsequent processing by automatic and/or expert interpretation systems. In the course of our development of an automated, near-real-time, waveform correlation event-detection and location system (WCEDS), we have surveyed the abilities of such algorithms to enhance seismic phase arrivals in teleseismic data streams. Specifically, we have considered envelopes generated by energy transient (STA/LTA), Z-statistic, frequency transient, and polarization algorithms. The WCEDS system requires a set of input data streams that have a smooth, low-amplitude response to background noise and seismic coda and that contain peaks at times corresponding to phase arrivals. The algorithm used to generate these input streams from raw seismograms must perform well under a wide range of source, path, receiver, and noise scenarios. Present computational capabilities allow the application of considerably more robust algorithms than have been historically used in real time. However, highly complex calculations can still be computationally prohibitive for current workstations when the number of data streams become large. While no algorithm was clearly optimal under all source, receiver, path, and noise conditions tested, an STA/LTA algorithm incorporating adaptive window lengths controlled by nonstationary seismogram spectral characteristics was found to provide an output that best met the requirements of a global correlation-based event-detection and location system. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Geophys Res Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Withers, M (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Ctr Earthquake Res & Informat, Memphis, TN 38128 USA. NR 36 TC 120 Z9 129 U1 1 U2 14 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 88 IS 1 BP 95 EP 106 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ZB776 UT WOS:000072506900008 ER PT J AU Montane, D Overend, RP Chornet, E AF Montane, D Overend, RP Chornet, E TI Kinetic models for non-homogeneous complex systems with a time-dependent rate constant SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE severity parameters; phenomenological models; kinetics; time-dependent rate constant; complex non-homogeneous systems ID GENERALIZED SEVERITY PARAMETER; PHENOMENOLOGICAL KINETICS; HARDWOOD PREHYDROLYSIS; STEAM PRETREATMENT; FRACTIONATION; LIGNOCELLULOSICS; HYDROLYSIS; XYLAN; WATER AB This paper discusses a phenomenological kinetic model which describes the conversion of complex non-homogeneous systems. The model embodies the concept of a severity parameter as a descriptor of the extent of reaction of the complex system. Temperature, time and catalyst concentration are simply and conveniently regrouped in the definition of the severity parameter. The link between our model and formal kinetics can be made via a time-dependent rate constant. Such dependency expresses the concept that in a complex non-homogeneous system the chemical acts leading to reaction are first order processes constrained either by microstructural effects, diffusional limitations, geometric discontinuities, or in generic terms by fractal considerations. The observable effect is the change in reactivity with extent (or time) of reaction. Our approach permits to model such systems via a set of four key markers characteristic of the overall reaction. The development of the model, the significance of the markers and their application to the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass as a case study are presented and discussed. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ind Technol Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Sherbrooke, Fac Sci Appl, Dept Genie Chim, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. RP Chornet, E (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ind Technol Div, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Montane, Daniel/K-9172-2014; OI Montane, Daniel/0000-0002-5273-8870; Overend, Ralph/0000-0002-5442-0890 NR 25 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 10 PU CANADIAN SOC CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PI OTTAWA PA 130 SLATER ST, STE 550, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 6E2, CANADA SN 0008-4034 J9 CAN J CHEM ENG JI Can. J. Chem. Eng. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 76 IS 1 BP 58 EP 68 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA ZF853 UT WOS:000072939800007 ER PT J AU Stabin, MG AF Stabin, MG TI Issues in radioimmunotherapy dosimetry SO CANCER BIOTHERAPY AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1084-9785 J9 CANCER BIOTHER RADIO JI Cancer Biother. Radiopharm. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 13 IS 1 MA 20 BP 58 EP 58 PG 1 WC Oncology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ZB239 UT WOS:000072451100028 ER PT J AU Sailer, BL Barrasso, AM Valdez, JG Cobo, JM D'Anna, JA Crissman, HA AF Sailer, BL Barrasso, AM Valdez, JG Cobo, JM D'Anna, JA Crissman, HA TI Reduction in the radiation-induced late S phase and G(2) blocks in HL-60 cell populations by amiloride, an efficient inhibitor of the Na+/H+ transporter SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IONIZING-RADIATION; APOPTOSIS; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROGRESSION; PARTICLES; CYCLE; DELAY AB Recent investigations that showed that amiloride delayed or inhibited apoptosis indicated it might also attenuate cell cycle checkpoints activated by ionizing radiation. In this report, single- and dual-parameter flow cytometry were used to investigate the effects of amiloride on cell cycle progression, and the effectiveness of amiloride to attenuate the S and G(2) phase checkpoint responses induced by 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 Gy of gamma radiation. The late S-phase delay, noted at 8 h following irradiation, and a radiation-induced G(2) block, which was maximum at 16 h after irradiation, were both significantly reduced in amiloride-treated samples. Attenuation of the radiation-induced late S phase and G(2) blocks resulted in cell division without apparent apoptosis or necrosis over a 24-h period. Results presented indicate that amiloride reduces the radiation-induced G(2) block in HL-60 cell populations almost equally well as caffeine and to a greater extent than staurosporine. Immunofluorescent detection and quantitation of cyclin B1 expression demonstrated that amiloride only significantly reduced cyclin B1 expression following 5.0 Gy, when there was a notable induction of a significant G(2) delay, followed by a relatively rapid recovery in cycling potential. The results suggest that amiloride affects the radiation-triggered signaling cascades to alter the kinase activity of proteins associated with mitotic progression, particularly the cyclin B1-p34(cdc2) complex. Alternatively, alterations in intracellular ion concentrations induced by amiloride may lead to changes in Ca2+-dependent signaling cascades and thereby decrease the radiation-mediated cell cycle perturbations. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Alcala de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain. RP Crissman, HA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, LS-4 M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41-RR01315, R01 RR06758, R01 RR07855] NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 3 BP 413 EP 420 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA YU374 UT WOS:000071710700010 PM 9458082 ER PT J AU Day, JP Limoli, CL Morgan, WF AF Day, JP Limoli, CL Morgan, WF TI Recombination involving interstitial telomere repeat-like sequences promotes chromosomal instability in Chinese hamster cells SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID IONIZING-RADIATION; GENE AMPLIFICATION; SITES; BREAKAGE; ABERRATIONS; TRANSLOCATIONS; (TTAGGG)N; STABILITY AB The physical termini of mammalian chromosomes are capped with tandem repeats of the telomere sequence (TTAGGG)(n). After fluorescence in situ hybridization with a labeled (TTAGGG)(n) probe, telomere-repeat-like sequences are seen as discrete bands at distinct intrachromosomal sites in a variety of vertebrate species. There is increasing evidence that these sites may be hot-spots for chromosomal rearrangements, fragility and neoplasia. We have investigated whether the interstitial telomere bands found in hamster chromosomes from a human hamster hybrid cell line are hot-spots for chromosome rearrangements induced by DNA-damaging agents, Our data indicate that the interstitial telomere bands are involved in chromosomal rearrangements observed at the first mitosis after G1 exposure of cells to X-rays or restriction endonucleases at a four- to fivefold higher frequency than expected based on their size. In addition, we have extended these observations to demonstrate for the first time that these interstitial telomere-repeat-like sequences participate in the delayed chromosomal instability observed in the progeny of cells surviving X-ray-exposure at multiple generations after irradiation. In two highly unstable clones showing multiple populations of rearranged chromosomes, interstitial telomere bands were observed at the site of recombination between the human and hamster chromosomes at a five- to sixfold higher frequency than expected. There were also rearrangement and amplification of the interstitial telomere bands within the hamster chromosomes. These rearrangements occur during clonal expansion of cells surviving treatment with DNA-damaging agents and suggest a role for the interstitial telomere band in driving chromosomal instability. We conclude from the observed data that interstitial telomere bands function as recombinational hot-spots that participate in generating the diverse chromosome rearrangements observed both immediately and as a delayed effect of cellular exposure to DNA damaging agents. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Morgan, WF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiat Oncol, Box 0750, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM morgan@itsa.ucsf.edu FU NIEHS NIH HHS [5-T32-ES07016]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 54189] NR 36 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD FEB PY 1998 VL 19 IS 2 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1093/carcin/19.2.259 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA YY068 UT WOS:000072109000004 PM 9498274 ER PT J AU Jamin, N Dumas, P Moncuit, J Fridman, WH Teillaud, JL Carr, GL Williams, GP AF Jamin, N Dumas, P Moncuit, J Fridman, WH Teillaud, JL Carr, GL Williams, GP TI Chemical imaging of nucleic acids, proteins and lipids of a single living cell. Application of synchrotron infrared microspectrometry in cell biology SO CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE living cell; nucleic acids; proteins; lipids; infrared; synchrotron; microspectrometry ID SPECTROSCOPY AB Hybridoma B-cells have been used as models to evaluate the performance of synchrotron infrared microscopy to obtain chemical images of a single living cell. Chemical mapping of nucleic acids, proteins and lipids at a resolution of a few microns, close to the diffraction limit in the mid-infrared region are shown. C1 Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LURE, F-91405 Orsay, France. Ctr Univ Paris Sud, CNRS, LASIR, F-91405 Orsay, France. CEA, INSTN, CIE, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Inst Curie, INSERM U255, F-75248 Paris 05, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11974 USA. RP Jamin, N (reprint author), Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LURE, Batiment 209D, F-91405 Orsay, France. NR 10 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 8 PU CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PI NOISY-LE-GRAND PA PROF R WEGMANN RESIDENCE HAUSSMANN 1 AVENUE DU PAVE NEUF, 93160 NOISY-LE-GRAND, FRANCE SN 0145-5680 J9 CELL MOL BIOL JI Cell. Mol. Biol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 44 IS 1 BP 9 EP 13 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA ZE327 UT WOS:000072781500003 PM 9551633 ER PT J AU Wetzel, DL Slatkin, DN Levine, SM AF Wetzel, DL Slatkin, DN Levine, SM TI FT-IR microspectroscopic detection of metabolically deuterated compounds in the rat cerebellum: A novel approach for the study of brain metabolism SO CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE granule cell layer; molecular layer; white matter; myelin; turnover; infrared; microspectroscopy; FT-IR; deuterium ID TRANSFORM INFRARED MICROSPECTROSCOPY; DRINKING-WATER; MICE; TISSUE; IRRADIATION; PROTECTION; DNA AB Deuteration provides a novel means for studying metabolism in biological organisms and avoids the use of radioisotopes. Ingestion of D2O enriched drinking water causes deuterium to be metabolically incorporated into molecules within tissues. The incorporation of deuterium into various chemical functional groups then can be monitored via infrared spectroscopy. The excellent spatial resolution that can be achieved with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectrometers allows collection of infrared spectra from select microscopic regions of tissue specimens. Thus, combining deuteration together with FT-IR microspectroscopy enables analysis of metabolic activities by probing subregions within the microscopic field. In the present study, adult rats were given drinking water containing 30% or 40% D2O for 5 1/2 weeks. Frozen sections were prepared from the cerebellum, and infrared spectra were collected from the molecular layer, granule cell layer and white matter with FT-IR microspectrometers, using both conventional and synchrotron sources. The CD:CH and ND,OD:NH,OH ratios were highest in the molecular layer and lowest in the white matter The high ratios in the molecular layer are consistent with the active synthesis and recycling at synapses, which are abundant structures in this layer. The low levels in the white matter are consistent with radioactive measures that found slow turnovers of proteins and lipids in myelin, which is the main constituent of white matter. In addition to describing the metabolic incorporation of deuterium, a graphic description of the distribution of chemical functional groups in the various layers of the cerebellum is presented. In summary, this study demonstrates that FT-IR microspectroscopy in conjunction with administration of D2O in drinking water can be used to reveal relative metabolic activities in various layers of the cerebellum. We predict that metabolic activities in other tissues and tissues in different states, e.g., disease stales, can be analyzed in a similar manner. C1 Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Mol & Integrat Physiol, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Kansas State Univ, Microbeam Mol Spect Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Smith Mental Retardat & Human Dev Res Ctr, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. RP Wetzel, DL (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Mol & Integrat Physiol, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. NR 24 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PI NOISY-LE-GRAND PA PROF R WEGMANN RESIDENCE HAUSSMANN 1 AVENUE DU PAVE NEUF, 93160 NOISY-LE-GRAND, FRANCE SN 0145-5680 J9 CELL MOL BIOL JI Cell. Mol. Biol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 44 IS 1 BP 15 EP 27 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA ZE327 UT WOS:000072781500004 PM 9551634 ER PT J AU Miller, LM Carlson, CS Carr, GL Chance, MR AF Miller, LM Carlson, CS Carr, GL Chance, MR TI A method for examining the chemical basis for bone disease: Synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy SO CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE infrared spectroscopy; microspectroscopy; microscopy; synchrotron; bone; osteoporosis; osteoarthritis; osteopetrosis ID CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE; EARLY DEPOSITS; SOLID-PHASE; PO4 DOMAIN; SPECTROSCOPY; ENAMEL; ENVIRONMENT; HYDROXYAPATITE; OSTEOPOROSIS; EVOLUTION AB Infrared microspectroscopy combines microscopy and spectroscopy for the purpose of chemical microanalysis. Light microscopy provides a way to generate and record magnified images and visibly resolve microstructural detail. Infrared spectroscopy provides a means for analyzing the chemical makeup of materials. Combining light microscopy and infrared spectroscopy permits the correlation of microstructure with chemical composition. Inherently, the long wavelengths of infrared radiation limit the spatial resolution of the technique. However, synchrotron infrared radiation significantly improves both the spectral and spatial resolution of an infrared microspectrometer, such that data can be obtained with high signal-to-noise at the diffraction limit, which is 3-5 mu m in the mid-infrared region. In this study, we use infrared microspectroscopy to study the chemical composition of bone using two mapping methods. In the osteon method, linear maps are collected from the center of an osteon (newer bone) to the periphery (older bone) and their chemical compositions are compared. In the transverse method, applied specifically to subchondral bone, line maps are collected from the edge of the articular cartilage (older bone) to the marrow space (newer bone). A significant advantage of infrared microspectroscopy over other chemical methods is that the bone does not need to be homogenized for testing; we are able to study cross-sectional samples of bone in situ at a resolution better than 5 mu m and compare the results with morphological findings on stained serial sections immediately adjacent to those examined by infrared microspectroscopy. The infrared absorption bands of bone proteins and mineral are sensitive to mineral content (i.e, carbonate, phosphate, acid phosphate), mineral crystallinity and the content/nature of the organic matrix. In this study, they are analyzed as a function of (1) age, i.e. distance with respect to the center of an osteon, and (2) morphology, i.e. cortical versus cancellous (notably subchondral) bone. Results show that the protein/mineral ratio is higher in younger bone. As bone matures, mineralization increases, as does carbonate substitution into the hydroxyapatite lattice. Finally, most of the changes in chemical composition of bone occur within 20 mu m of the site of new bone growth, e.g. the center of an osteon, demonstrating the need for the high spatial resolution achieved only with the use of a synchrotron infrared source. C1 Albert Einstein Coll Med, Ctr Synchrotron Biosci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Comparat Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Miller, LM (reprint author), Albert Einstein Coll Med, Ctr Synchrotron Biosci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41-RR-01633]; NIA NIH HHS [5 T32 AG00194] NR 21 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 2 U2 7 PU CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PI NOISY-LE-GRAND PA PROF R WEGMANN RESIDENCE HAUSSMANN 1 AVENUE DU PAVE NEUF, 93160 NOISY-LE-GRAND, FRANCE SN 0145-5680 J9 CELL MOL BIOL JI Cell. Mol. Biol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 44 IS 1 BP 117 EP 127 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA ZE327 UT WOS:000072781500014 PM 9551644 ER PT J AU Lane, PA Liess, M Wei, X Partee, J Shinar, J Frank, AJ Vardeny, ZV AF Lane, PA Liess, M Wei, X Partee, J Shinar, J Frank, AJ Vardeny, ZV TI Effects of film order on the optical properties of alpha-sexithiophene SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHARGED EXCITATIONS; ABSORPTION; OLIGOMERS; POLY(PARA-PHENYLENEVINYLENE); SPECTROSCOPY; SEXITHIENYL; EXCITON AB The optical properties of ordered and disordered alpha-sexithiophene (alpha-6T) thin films are investigated by a variety of spectroscopies. The dominant low-lying even and odd parity excitons are identified by absorption and electroabsorption spectroscopies. Intermolecular interactions in ordered alpha-6T films results in Davydov splitting of the absorption band of the lowest odd parity exciton. Charged excitations in alpha-6T films were studied by photoinduced absorption and optically detected magnetic resonance. Both polarons and bipolarons are observed in disordered samples. As a consequence of higher carrier mobilities, only bipolarons were observed in ordered samples. Spin pairing of excitations broadens the observed ODMR spectra. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Lane, PA (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys, Hounsfield Rd, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 227 IS 1-2 BP 57 EP 64 DI 10.1016/S0301-0104(97)00303-0 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA YZ078 UT WOS:000072218100007 ER PT J AU Frolov, SV Wei, X Gellermann, W Vardeny, ZV Ehrenfreund, E AF Frolov, SV Wei, X Gellermann, W Vardeny, ZV Ehrenfreund, E TI Picosecond photoexcitation dynamics in poly(3-butyl-thiophene) films SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; POLY(P-PHENYLENEVINYLENE); GENERATION; TRANSISTOR; DECAY AB We have studied photoexcitation dynamics in thin films of poly(3-butyl-thiophene) [P3BT] using ps transient and cw photomodulation techniques, streak camera imaging, electroabsorption and optically detected magnetic resonance spectroscopies. We have determined that intrachain excitons are the primary photoexcitations with a characteristic transient photomodulation spectrum consisting of two photoinduced absorption bands in the near IR spectral range and a broad stimulated emission band in the visible spectral region. The photogenerated excitons are relatively short-lived (150 ps) and can subsequently decay into polaron pairs and triplets, which are longer-lived excitations with lifetimes of order ms. We do not find stimulated emission in very thin P3BT films and this is attributed to high defect concentration close to the film surface. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Inst Solid State, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Wei, X (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CST-4,MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Ehrenfreund, Eitan/B-6680-2008 NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 227 IS 1-2 BP 125 EP 131 DI 10.1016/S0301-0104(97)00310-8 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA YZ078 UT WOS:000072218100013 ER PT J AU Wasserman, SR Soderholm, L Staub, U AF Wasserman, SR Soderholm, L Staub, U TI Effect of surface modification on the interlayer chemistry of iron in a smectite clay SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; LAYER SILICATES; FINE-STRUCTURE; MONTMORILLONITE; MONOLAYERS; HYDROLYSIS; HYDROXIDE; STABILITY; FILMS AB A hydrophobic nanostructured composite has been created through the addition of an organic monolayer to the external surface of a smectite clay. This film inhibits the free exchange of water in to and out of the interlayer located between the aluminosilicate of the clay. The effect of the presence of such a monolayer, which is formed from octadecyltrimethoxysilane, on iron(III) cations exchanged into the clay interlayer has been examined using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Mild hydrothermal conditions have been used to increase the rate of potential reactions involving the ferric ions. The addition of the organic coating results in partial reduction of the iron to the ferrous state, a process that is furthered by hydrothermal treatment of the hydrophobic clay. In contrast, the iron in the simple ion-exchanged clay aggregates into small iron-oxygen clusters but is not reduced. These results are discussed in the context of the reduction potential of iron(III) and the susceptibility of that iron to hydrolysis in aqueous solution. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source Project, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. RP Wasserman, SR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Staub, Urs/C-4914-2015 NR 44 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 10 IS 2 BP 559 EP 566 DI 10.1021/cm9705597 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA YY440 UT WOS:000072146800018 ER PT J AU Bucher, JB Tarjan, DP Siegwolf, RTW Saurer, M Blum, H Hendrey, GR AF Bucher, JB Tarjan, DP Siegwolf, RTW Saurer, M Blum, H Hendrey, GR TI Growth of a deciduous tree seedling community in response to elevated CO2 and nutrient supply SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems - Stress Factors and Air Pollution CY SEP 14-19, 1996 CL FLORENCE, ITALY SP Natl Res Council, Inst Forest Tree Pathol, Univ Florence, Dept Plant Biol, Int Union Forestry Res Org ID ATMOSPHERE; ECOSYSTEMS; ENRICHMENT AB In a FACE experiment, one year old alder, ash, beech, and oak seedlings were planted together in tubs containing calcareous sandy alluvial soil with or without a slow release NPK-fertilizer, and exposed to ambient and elevated CO2 concentrations (360 and 600 mu l mol(-1)) for 20 weeks. In addition to the fertilizer, all tubs received N-15-ammonium nitrate as a marker. Elevated CO2 significantly increased biomass production in alder, but had no effect on oak and ash. In beech, due to disease and mortality in all treatments, any possible effects were obscured. The addition of fertilizer had no effect on biomass production in alder, but increased production in oak and ash significantly. In oak a treatment synergism may be present. The non-appearance of a synergistic CO2 and fertilizer effect in alder may be explained by a fertilizer induced reduction of the N-fixing root-nodule biomass concurrent with a switch of the N-assimilation from atmospheric N to soil N supply, as the delta(15)N measurements in the leaves of alder as opposed to oak indicate. Although elevated CO2 resulted in a significant biomass increase in alder, it did not lead to an appreciable increase in the proportional presence of the species as measured on total plant biomass in the tub. Increasing the nutrient supply in the soil, however, did lead to appreciable gains in the proportional presence of oak and ash. C1 Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. ETH Zurich, Dept Plant Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bucher, JB (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. RI Siegwolf, Rolf/D-4121-2009 OI Siegwolf, Rolf/0000-0002-0249-0651 NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 1998 VL 36 IS 4-5 BP 777 EP 782 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)10123-0 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA YV993 UT WOS:000071885000027 ER PT J AU Gentle, AP Miller, WA AF Gentle, AP Miller, WA TI A fully (3+1)-dimensional Regge calculus model of the Kasner cosmology SO CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY LA English DT Article ID INITIAL-VALUE PROBLEM; RELATIVITY; DYNAMICS; UNIVERSE AB We describe the first discrete-time four-dimensional numerical application of Regge calculus. The spacetime is represented as a complex of four-dimensional simplices, and the geometry interior to each 4-simplex is flat Minkowski spacetime. This simplicial spacetime is constructed so as to be foliated with a one-parameter family of spacelike hypersurfaces built from tetrahedra. We implement a novel 2-surface initial-data prescription for Regge calculus, and provide the first fully four-dimensional application of an implicit decoupled evolution scheme (the 'Sorkin evolution scheme'). We benchmark this code on the Kasner cosmology-a cosmology which embodies generic features of the collapse of many cosmological models. We (i) reproduce the continuum solution with a fractional error in the 3-volume of 10(-5) after 10 000 evolution steps; (ii) demonstrate stable evolution; (iii) preserve the standard deviation of spatial homogeneity to less than 10(-10) and (iv) explicitly display the existence of diffeomorphism freedom in Regge calculus. We also present the second-order convergence properties of the solution to the continuum. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Monash Univ, Dept Math, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. RP Gentle, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-6,MS B288, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 32 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0264-9381 J9 CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV JI Class. Quantum Gravity PD FEB PY 1998 VL 15 IS 2 BP 389 EP 405 DI 10.1088/0264-9381/15/2/013 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YX690 UT WOS:000072066800013 ER PT J AU Amonette, JE Templeton, JC AF Amonette, JE Templeton, JC TI Improvements to the quantitative assay of nonrefractory minerals for Fe(II) and total Fe using 1,10-phenanthroline SO CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS LA English DT Article DE 1,10-phenanthroline; Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction; Fe; Fe(II); ferrous iron; hydroxylamine; oscillatory reaction; photoreduction; total iron ID CHEMICAL-REACTIONS AB A method using 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) to quantify Fe(II) and total Fe in nonrefractory minerals was modified to improve the accuracy and precision and to eliminate the inconvenience of performing much of the analysis under darkroom conditions. Reagents were combined to minimize solution-handling errors, volumes of the reagent additions were determined gravimetrically and the acid-matrix solution was preheated to near-boiling before sample contact. The darkness requirement, which stems from the photoreduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) in the presence of phen, was eliminated by the use of opaque amber-colored hi,oh-density-polyethylene bottles during the digestion step and for storage of the digestate and subsequent dilutions before Fe(II) analysis. Reduction of Fe(III) for total-Fe analysis was accomplished either by exposure to light from a Hg-vapor lamp or by reaction with hydroxylamine, NH(2)OH. Although the minimum periods required for adequate reduction ranged from 1.5 to 4 h, the optimum reduction periods were between 6 and 10 h. When standard samples containing Fe(II) and MnCl(2) were digested and analyzed for total-Fe using the light treatment (with incidental heating to 35-45 degrees C), significant decreases and in some instances, oscillations, in absorptivity were obtained. Similar experiments with NH(2)OH or with CrCl(3) showed no effect. The absorptivity of most digestates stored in opaque bottles was stable for at least 2 weeks, although digestates with Mn concentrations above 3 mu g mL(-1) showed proportional decreases in absorptivity. Analysis of 8 geochemical reference materials by the modified method (using NH(2)OH) yielded excellent agreement with published values and a mean relative standard deviation of 0.6%. Total-Fe results obtained using the light treatment, however, were generally lower (similar to 2% relative) than the NH(2)OH values, although this difference decreased with longer irradiation periods. Use of NH(2)OH was deemed preferable because it was simpler, faster, minimized interferences from Mn and eliminated the need for specialized apparatus. Lastly, MICA Fe was shown to be unreliable as a primary reference material for Fe(II) determinations. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm & Hlth Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Whitman Coll, Dept Chem, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. RP Amonette, JE (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm & Hlth Sci Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 29 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 2 U2 36 PU CLAY MINERALS SOC PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY, STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0009-8604 J9 CLAY CLAY MINER JI Clay Clay Min. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 46 IS 1 BP 51 EP 62 DI 10.1346/CCMN.1998.0460106 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Soil Science SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy; Agriculture GA ZD580 UT WOS:000072700800006 ER PT J AU Edmonds, J AF Edmonds, J TI We need some new ideas - An Editorial Essay SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Edmonds, J (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, 370 LEnfant Promenade,901 D St SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD FEB PY 1998 VL 38 IS 2 BP 129 EP 132 DI 10.1023/A:1005317126044 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ZB866 UT WOS:000072515900001 ER PT J AU Saxena, A Bishop, AR Shenoy, SR Lookman, T AF Saxena, A Bishop, AR Shenoy, SR Lookman, T TI Computer simulation of martensitic textures SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Computational Modeling of Issues in Materials Science at the International Conference on Applied Materials / European-Materials-Research-Society Meeting CY JUN 16-20, 1997 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE twinning; tweed; time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau; model A dynamics ID TWIN BOUNDARIES; TRANSFORMATIONS; KINETICS; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; TRANSITIONS; PRECURSORS; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB We consider a Ginzburg-Landau model free energy F(epsilon, e(1), e(2)) for a (2D) martensitic transition, that provides a unified understanding of varied twin/tweed textures. Here F is a triple well potential in the rectangular strain (epsilon) order parameter and quadratic e(1)(2), e(2)(2) in the compressional and shear strains, respectively. Random compositional fluctuations eta(r) (e.g. in an alloy) are gradient-coupled to epsilon, similar to- Sigma(r) epsilon(r)[(Delta(x)(2) - Delta(y)(2))eta(r)] in a "local-stress" model. We find that the compatibility condition (linking tensor components epsilon(r) and e(1)(r), e(2)(r)), together with local variations such as interfaces or eta(r) fluctuations, can drive the formation of global elastic textures, through long-range and anisotropic effective epsilon-epsilon interactions. We have carried out extensive relaxational computer simulations using the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equation that supports our analytic work and shows the spontaneous formation of parallel twins, and chequer-board tweed. The observed microstructure in NiAl and FexPd1-x alloys can be explained on the basis of our analysis and simulations. Copyright (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. ICTP, Trieste, Italy. Univ Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. RP Saxena, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 10 IS 1-4 BP 16 EP 21 DI 10.1016/S0927-0256(97)00084-0 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZD225 UT WOS:000072663900004 ER PT J AU Sterne, PA van Ek, J Howell, RH AF Sterne, PA van Ek, J Howell, RH TI Electronic structure calculations of vacancies and their influence on materials properties SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Computational Modeling of Issues in Materials Science at the International Conference on Applied Materials / European-Materials-Research-Society Meeting CY JUN 16-20, 1997 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc ID POSITRON-ANNIHILATION; SOLIDS; IMPURITIES; CU; NI AB We provide two examples to illustrate how electronic structure calculations contribute to our understanding of vacancies and their role in determining materials properties, Diffusion and electromigration in aluminium are known to depend strongly on vacancies. Electronic structure calculations show that the vacancy-impurity interaction oscillates with distance, and this leads to an explanation for both the increased electromigration resistance and the slow impurity diffusion for copper in aluminium. Calculations of vacancies in plutonium have been used in conjunction with positron annihilation lifetime measurements to identify the presence of helium-filled vacancies. Helium stabilization of vacancies can provide the precursor for subsequent vacancy-related changes in materials properties. Copyright (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Sterne, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-407, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sternel@llnl.gov NR 34 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 10 IS 1-4 BP 306 EP 313 DI 10.1016/S0927-0256(97)00180-8 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZD225 UT WOS:000072663900058 ER PT J AU Miao, MS Van Doren, VE Van Camp, PE Straub, G AF Miao, MS Van Doren, VE Van Camp, PE Straub, G TI LDA and tight-binding: Total energy calculations of polyparaphenylene SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Computational Modeling of Issues in Materials Science at the International Conference on Applied Materials / European-Materials-Research-Society Meeting CY JUN 16-20, 1997 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE polyparaphenylene (PPP); tight binding; torsion angle; band structure ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; POLY(PARA-PHENYLENE); POLYPHENYLS; QUATERPHENYL; TRANSITION; PLANAR; PHASE AB A simple tight-binding model is presented and used to calculate the conformation and electronic structure of a single chain polyparaphenylene (PPP). A torsional angle of 52.5 degrees is obtained by considering the conjugation of p(z) orbitals on the carbon atoms and the Coulomb repulsion between neighboring hydrogen atoms. The characteristics of the filled and the unfilled pi bands an calculated by solving the p(z)-submatrix only at symmetry points in the Brillouin zone. The variations in these band characteristics versus the geometry parameters are discussed in detail and the results are confirmed by a full potential LDA calculation with a Ceperley-Alder term for the correlation energy. Copyright (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Antwerp, Rijksuniv Ctr Antwerp, Dept Phys, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Miao, MS (reprint author), Univ Antwerp, Rijksuniv Ctr Antwerp, Dept Phys, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 10 IS 1-4 BP 362 EP 367 DI 10.1016/S0927-0256(97)00188-2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZD225 UT WOS:000072663900068 ER PT J AU Alouani, M Albers, RC Wills, JM Wilkins, JW AF Alouani, M Albers, RC Wills, JM Wilkins, JW TI LDA modeling of the electronic structure of the halogen-bridged transition-metal chain compounds SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Computational Modeling of Issues in Materials Science at the International Conference on Applied Materials / European-Materials-Research-Society Meeting CY JUN 16-20, 1997 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc ID MX CHAINS; COMPLEXES; STATE; CDW AB The electronic-structure for the halogen-bridged transition-metal (MX) linear chain compound Pt2X6(NH3)(4) (X = Cl, Br, I) under uniaxial stress is studied using the full-potential linear muffin-tin method within the local density approximation. We have found that the ground state of the full structure (with the ammonia ligands) is insulating with a strong lattice distortion in good agreement with experiment. This highlights the importance of the ligand structure to the stability of MX systems and to its ground state nature. The amplitude of the charge density wave in these systems as a function of the metal-metal distance produced a linear shift of the core level energies of the two non-equivalent metal sites. This core level energy shift could be checked experimentally using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The band structure along the chain is dominated by a strong coupling (pd sigma) between Pt(d(3z)2(-r)2) and X(p(z)) orbitals, which causes the system to be of a quasi-one-dimensional character. The relevant band structure as a function of the metal-metal distance is nicely fitted to a two band tight-binding Su-Schrieffer-Heeger Hamiltonian with a single set of parameters. This model revealed that the mechanism of the dimerization is a consequence of a competition between a strong electron-phonon coupling along the chain and a repulsive anharmonic potential. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Strasbourg 1, IPCMS, Strasbourg, France. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Alouani, M (reprint author), Univ Strasbourg 1, IPCMS, 23 Rue Loess, Strasbourg, France. RI Alouani, Mebarek/A-9101-2011 OI Alouani, Mebarek/0000-0002-7985-5276 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 10 IS 1-4 BP 381 EP 387 DI 10.1016/S0927-0256(97)00106-7 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZD225 UT WOS:000072663900071 ER PT J AU Althoff, JD Morgan, D de Fontaine, D Asta, MD Foiles, SM Johnson, DD AF Althoff, JD Morgan, D de Fontaine, D Asta, MD Foiles, SM Johnson, DD TI Embedded atom method calculations of vibrational thermodynamic properties of ordered and disordered Ni3Al SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Computational Modeling of Issues in Materials Science at the International Conference on Applied Materials / European-Materials-Research-Society Meeting CY JUN 16-20, 1997 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE vibrational energy; Ni3Al; embedded atom method AB Recent work had suggested that vibrational effects can play a significant role in determining alloy phase equilibria. In order to better understand these effects, we investigate the vibrational properties of disordered and ordered Ni3Al using the embedded atom method and calculate vibrational thermodynamic quantities within the quasi-harmonic approximation. The vibrational entropy is found to be strongly dependent on volume. For fully relaxed structures the dependence on lattice decoration of the vibrational entropy is compared to that suggested by recent experimental results. Copyright (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP de Fontaine, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci, 577 Evans Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ddf@isis.berkeley.edu OI Foiles, Stephen/0000-0002-1907-454X; Johnson, Duane/0000-0003-0794-7283 NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 10 IS 1-4 BP 411 EP 415 DI 10.1016/S0927-0256(97)00110-9 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZD225 UT WOS:000072663900077 ER PT J AU Schwandt, CS Cygan, RT Westrich, HR AF Schwandt, CS Cygan, RT Westrich, HR TI Magnesium self-diffusion in orthoenstatite SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GARNET; PYROXENE; THERMOBAROMETRY; CONSTRAINTS; EVOLUTION; STRONTIUM; OLIVINE; COMPLEX; HISTORY AB Magnesium self-diffusion coefficients were determined experimentally for diffusion parallel to each of the three crystallographic directions in natural orthoenstatite (En(88)FS(12)). Experiments were conducted at 1 atm in CO-CO2 gas mixing furnaces, which provided oxygen fugacities equivalent to the iron-wustite buffer. Diffusion of Mg-25 was induced in polished samples of oriented orthoenstatite using a film of isotopically enriched (MgO)-Mg-25 as the source material. Very short (< 0.15 mu m) diffusional penetration profiles were measured by ion microprobe depth profiling. The diffusion coefficients determined for four temperatures (900, 850, 800, 750 degrees C) provide the activation energies, E-a, and frequency factors, D-o, where D = D-o exp (-E-a/RT) for Mg self-diffusion parallel to each crystallographic direction: a-axis, E-a = 360 +/- 52 kJ/mole and D-o 1.10 x 10(-4) m(2)/s; b-axis, E-a 339 +/- 77 kJ/mole and D-o = 6.93 x 10(-6) m(2)/s and c-axis, E-a = 265 +/- 66 kJ/mole and D-o 4.34 x 10(-9) m(2)/s. In this temperature range, any possible anisotropy of cation diffusion is very small, however the activation energy for diffusion parallel to the c-axis (001) is the lowest and the activation energies for diffusion parallel to the a-axis (100) and b-axis (010) are higher. Application of these diffusion results to the silicate phases of the Lowicz mesosiderite meteorite provides cooling rates for the silicate portion of the meteorite (4-11 degrees C/100 years) that are similar, although slower, to previous estimates. These silicate cooling rates are still several orders of magnitude faster than the cooling rates (0.1 degrees C/10(6) years) for the metal portions. C1 NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Schwandt, CS (reprint author), NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, SN4, Houston, TX 77058 USA. EM cschwand@ems.jsc.nasa.gov NR 42 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0010-7999 J9 CONTRIB MINERAL PETR JI Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 130 IS 3-4 BP 390 EP 396 DI 10.1007/s004100050373 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA ZC630 UT WOS:000072600800014 ER PT J AU Downing, KH Nogales, E AF Downing, KH Nogales, E TI Tubulin and microtubule structure SO CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID KINESIN MOTOR DOMAIN; CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; GTP HYDROLYSIS; BINDING SITE; DOUBLE RINGS; POLARITY; SHEETS; ENDS AB Our knowledge of microtubule structure and its relationship to microtubule function continues to grow. Cryo-electron microscopy has given us new images of the microtubule polymerization and depolymerization processes and of the interaction of these polymers with motor proteins. We now know more about the effect of nucleotide state on the structure and dynamic instability of microtubules. The atomic model of tubulin, very recently obtained by electron crystallography, is bringing new insight into the properties of this protein and its self-assembly into microtubules, and promises to inspire new experimental efforts that should lead us to an understanding of the microtubule system at the molecular level. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Downing, KH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM KHDowning@lbl.gov NR 37 TC 161 Z9 165 U1 2 U2 17 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON W1P 6LB, ENGLAND SN 0955-0674 J9 CURR OPIN CELL BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 10 IS 1 BP 16 EP 22 DI 10.1016/S0955-0674(98)80082-3 PG 7 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA YW906 UT WOS:000071986600002 PM 9484591 ER PT J AU Yarema, KJ Bertozzi, CR AF Yarema, KJ Bertozzi, CR TI Chemical approaches to glycobiology and emerging carbohydrate-based therapeutic agents SO CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIALYL-LEWIS-X; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ENDOTHELIAL-DERIVED LIGAND; E-SELECTIN; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; REPERFUSION INJURY; RATIONAL DESIGN; LUNG INJURY; HIV-1 GP120; INHIBITORS AB The contributions of cell surface oligosaccharides to critical biological processes such as leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion, bacterial and viral infection, and immunological recognition of tumor cells and foreign tissue are now understood in significant molecular detail. These discoveries at the forefront of biological research have motivated the design of synthetic glycoconjugates as tools for the fundamental study of glycobiology and as candidates for future generations of therapeutic and pharmaceutical reagents. During the past two years, significant progress has been made in the design and synthesis of carbohydrate-based inhibitors of selectins, receptors involved in the attachment of leukocytes to endothelial cells at sites of inflammation. Monomeric and multivalent oligosaccharides that bind to bacterial and viral receptors have been shown to abrogate infection by agents such as Helicobacter pilori, influenza virus and HIV. The identification of certain cell surface oligosaccharides as potent antigens has prompted their use in tumor vaccines, and inspired new approaches to the management of tissue rejection subsequent to xenotransplantation. To better understand how cell surface oligosaccharides function within their native context, novel chemical approaches to modulating cell surface oligosaccharide structures are now being developed. These stratergies for cell surface 'glycoform remodeling' promise to facilitate the investigation of carbohydrate-mediated cell-cell interactions. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yarema, KJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bertozzi@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 85 TC 102 Z9 106 U1 2 U2 18 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON W1P 6LB, ENGLAND SN 1367-5931 J9 CURR OPIN CHEM BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 2 IS 1 BP 49 EP 61 DI 10.1016/S1367-5931(98)80035-5 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA ZD582 UT WOS:000072701000007 PM 9667919 ER PT J AU Zunger, A AF Zunger, A TI Theoretical predictions of electronic materials and their properties SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID VALENCE-BAND; QUANTUM DOTS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; NATIVE DEFECTS; GROUND-STATE; TOTAL-ENERGY; GAN; OFFSETS; FORMALISM; ALN AB In this article, I first define the basic structure of modern 'first-principles theory of real materials' (including old references), and then I review recent applications to electronic materials. I argue that electronic structure theory of real materials has advanced to the point where bold predictions of yet unmade materials and of unsuspected physical properties are being made, fostering a new type of interaction with experimentalists. I review the basic characteristics of this new style of theory, illustrating a few recent applications, and express opinions as to future challenges. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zunger, A (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM alex_zunger@nrel.gov NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU CURRENT CHEMISTRY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON W1P 6LE, ENGLAND SN 1359-0286 J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 3 IS 1 BP 32 EP 37 DI 10.1016/S1359-0286(98)80062-4 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA ZD578 UT WOS:000072700600005 ER PT J AU Deb, SK AF Deb, SK TI Frontiers in photovoltaic materials and devices SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID SILICON SOLAR-CELLS; EFFICIENCY AB A growing number of semiconductor materials and devices are emerging as strong contenders for photovoltaic applications, but silicon still dominates the market. Ultrahigh-efficiency solar cells fabricated from gallium arsenide and its ternary alloys are finding immediate applications in space exploration. Various thin film technologies, such as hydrogenated amorphous silicon, copper indium diselenide, and cadmium telluride, hold promise for significant cost reduction. Some exciting possibilities exist for new materials and devices. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Deb, SK (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 56 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU CURRENT CHEMISTRY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON W1P 6LE, ENGLAND SN 1359-0286 J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 3 IS 1 BP 51 EP 59 DI 10.1016/S1359-0286(98)80065-X PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA ZD578 UT WOS:000072700600008 ER PT J AU Pande, VS Grosberg, AY Tanaka, T Rokhsar, DS AF Pande, VS Grosberg, AY Tanaka, T Rokhsar, DS TI Pathways for protein folding: is a new view needed? SO CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID 4-HELIX BUNDLE PROTEIN; RANDOM ENERGY-MODEL; TRANSITION-STATE; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; MOLTEN GLOBULE; CHYMOTRYPSIN INHIBITOR-2; RANDOM HETEROPOLYMERS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; RIBONUCLEASE-A AB Theoretical studies using simplified models of proteins have shed light on the general heteropolymeric aspects of the folding problem. Recent work has emphasized the statistical aspects of folding pathways. In particular, progress has been made in characterizing the ensemble of transition state conformations and elucidating the role of intermediates. These advances suggest a reconciliation between the new ensemble approaches and the classical view of a folding pathway. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pande, VS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vijay@physics.berkeley.edu; shura@gels.mit.edu; toyo@tanaka.mit.edu; rokhsar@physics.berkeley.edu RI Grosberg, Alexander/O-2122-2015 OI Grosberg, Alexander/0000-0002-4230-8690 NR 114 TC 216 Z9 218 U1 2 U2 16 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON W1P 6LB, ENGLAND SN 0959-440X J9 CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 8 IS 1 BP 68 EP 79 DI 10.1016/S0959-440X(98)80012-2 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA ZA630 UT WOS:000072384400010 PM 9519298 ER PT J AU de Solorzano, CO Santos, A Vallcorba, I Garcia-Sagredo, JM del Pozo, F AF de Solorzano, CO Santos, A Vallcorba, I Garcia-Sagredo, JM del Pozo, F TI Automated FISH spot counting in interphase nuclei: Statistical validation and data correction SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article DE fluorescence in situ hybridization; interphase nucleus; optical microscopy; confusion matrix; proportion estimation; hypothesis testing ID INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; CYTOGENETICS; LEUKEMIA; TUMORS; CELLS AB The evaluation of an automated system for Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) spot counting in interphase nuclei is presented in this paper. Different types of experiments have been performed with samples from known populations. In all of them the goal is to detect mosaicism of chromosome X in leukocytes from mixtures in known proportions of healthy male and female blood. First the initial results from the automatic FISH analysis system were obtained and evaluated. Then the analysis was modified to reduce systematic errors, so that the results are closer to what an experienced human operator would have obtained (system calibration step). Finally, an additional control probe of chromosome Y was used to detect and discard cells where incorrect hybridization or other abnormal situations had occurred. In each step the system sensitivity was determined by the use of two statistical validation tests, so that the improvement brought about by the correction methods could. be assessed. The results obtained in the study showed that, using both corrections, the system is able to detect 10% monosomies with a significance level alpha = 0.1%. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Politecn Madrid, Grp Bioingn & Telemed, Madrid, Spain. Hosp Ramon & Cajal, Serv Genet, E-28034 Madrid, Spain. RP de Solorzano, CO (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mailstop 74-157,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM carlos@rmc.lbl.gov RI Ortiz de Solorzano, Carlos/G-3278-2010; Santos, Andres/C-4012-2009; DEL POZO GUERRERO, FRANCISCO/H-6668-2015 OI Ortiz de Solorzano, Carlos/0000-0001-8720-0205; Santos, Andres/0000-0001-7423-9135; DEL POZO GUERRERO, FRANCISCO/0000-0001-9919-9125 NR 26 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 31 IS 2 BP 93 EP 99 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19980201)31:2<93::AID-CYTO4>3.0.CO;2-J PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA YV222 UT WOS:000071801600004 ER PT J AU Hirsch, JG Castanos, O Hess, PO Civitarese, O Troltenier, D Beuschel, T Draayer, JP Rompf, D Sun, Y AF Hirsch, JG Castanos, O Hess, PO Civitarese, O Troltenier, D Beuschel, T Draayer, JP Rompf, D Sun, Y TI Shell model calculations for heavy deformed nuclei SO CZECHOSLOVAK JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Calculation of Double-Beta-Decay Matrix Elements (Medex 97) CY MAY 27-31, 1997 CL PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Czech Tech Univ, Univ La Plata, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, Univ Jyvaskyla ID DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY; LOW-ENERGY STRUCTURE; EXCITED-STATES; DEFORMATION AB The pseudo SU(3) model is shown to be a powerful scheme for describing the excitation spectra as well as B(E2) and B(MI) transition strengths in heavy deformed nuclei. It is also useful for describing double beta decay amplitudes for transitions from the ground state of an even-even nucleus to the ground and excited states of the daughter nucleus, both for the two and zero neutrino emitting modes. The existence of selection rules which strongly restricts the decays is discussed. Anti-correlations between the quadrupole deformation and the Gamow-Teller (GT(+)) strength are found in an extension of the pseudo SU(3) model which explicitly includes pairing, which is also able to describe the fragmentation of the scissors mode. The projected shell model is introduced and proposed as an alternate means for studying single and double beta decay processes. C1 Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Dept Fis, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. Natl Autonomous Univ Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. Natl Univ La Plata, Dept Fis, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Giessen, Inst Theoret Phys, D-6300 Giessen, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Hirsch, JG (reprint author), Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Dept Fis, AP 14-740, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. RI Hess, Peter/F-1664-2014; Sun, Yang/P-2417-2015 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU CZECHOSLOVAK JNL OF PHYSICS PI PRAGUE PA FYZIKALNI USTAV AV NA SLOVANCE 2, PRAGUE 180 40, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 0011-4626 J9 CZECH J PHYS JI Czech. J. Phys. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 48 IS 2 BP 183 EP 190 DI 10.1023/A:1021215925148 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ZB220 UT WOS:000072449100010 ER PT J AU Spitsyn, BV Hsu, WL Gorodetsky, AE Zalavutdinov, RK Zakharov, AP Bouilov, LL Stoyan, VP Dvoryankin, VF Chaplygin, GV AF Spitsyn, BV Hsu, WL Gorodetsky, AE Zalavutdinov, RK Zakharov, AP Bouilov, LL Stoyan, VP Dvoryankin, VF Chaplygin, GV TI AlN heteroepitaxial and oriented films grown on (111), (110) and (100) natural diamond faces SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-like and Related Materials/4th International Conference on the Applications of Diamond Films and Related Materials CY AUG 03-08, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SP ASTeX, De Beers Ind Diamond Div, Elsevier Sci Ltd, Renishaw Plc DE aluminum nitride; CVD; diamond; heteroepitaxy AB CVD growth of AlN thin films on (100), (110) and (111) diamond C-alpha, substrates was observed, and RHEED and EPMP were used to provide the evidence of growth of epitaxial (01.1) [11.(3) over bar] AlN//(111) [(1) over bar 10] C-alpha or oriented wurtzitic AlN on (111) diamond. Twinning in AIN films on (111) C-alpha was found. In the case of the (111) substrate, it was shown that in starting from a 0.4 mu m film thickness, a conversion of epitaxial growth to a growth texture with a [00.1] axis normal to substrate takes place. The same textures were observed on both (100) and (110) diamond faces for 0.2-0.3 mu m and greater film thickness. For an AlN thickness of about 1 mu m, the crystallite size near outer AlN film surface was 10-20 nm. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, Moscow 117915, Russia. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119899, Russia. RAS, Inst Radioengn & Elect, Fryazino 141120, Moscow Region, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Crystallog, Moscow 117333, Russia. RP Spitsyn, BV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, Leninsky Prospekt 31, Moscow 117915, Russia. NR 6 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 7 IS 2-5 BP 356 EP 359 DI 10.1016/S0925-9635(97)00215-X PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZB444 UT WOS:000072472600046 ER PT J AU Jankowski, AF Hayes, JP AF Jankowski, AF Hayes, JP TI Chemical bonding in hard boron hexagonal boron nitride multilayers SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-like and Related Materials/4th International Conference on the Applications of Diamond Films and Related Materials CY AUG 03-08, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SP ASTeX, De Beers Ind Diamond Div, Elsevier Sci Ltd, Renishaw Plc DE boron; hardness; boron nitride; sputtering ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; THIN-FILMS; ELASTIC-MODULUS; DEPOSITION; SUPERLATTICES; INDENTATION; GROWTH; LOAD AB The oxides and nitrides of boron show great potential for use as hard, wear-resistant materials. However, large intrinsic stresses and poor adhesion often accompany the hard coatings as found for the cubic boron nitride phase. These effects may be moderated through the use of a layered structure. Alternate stiff layers of boron (B) and compliant layers of hexagonal baron nitride (hBN) are formed by modulating the sputter gas composition during deposition from a pure B target. The B/hBN thin films are characterized with transmission electron microscopy to evaluate the microstructure, nanoindentation to measure hardness and X-ray absorption spectroscopy to determine chemical bonding. The effects of layer pair spacing on chemical bonding and hardness are evaluated for the B/hBN films. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Jankowski, AF (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 7 IS 2-5 BP 380 EP 384 DI 10.1016/S0925-9635(97)00224-0 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZB444 UT WOS:000072472600051 ER PT J AU Baumann, PK Nemanich, RJ AF Baumann, PK Nemanich, RJ TI Electron emission from metal-diamond (100), (111) and (110) interfaces SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-like and Related Materials/4th International Conference on the Applications of Diamond Films and Related Materials CY AUG 03-08, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SP ASTeX, De Beers Ind Diamond Div, Elsevier Sci Ltd, Renishaw Plc DE electron emission; metal-diamond interface; electron affinity; Schottky barrier ID SCHOTTKY-BARRIER HEIGHT; VAPOR-DEPOSITED DIAMOND; BORON-DOPED DIAMOND; FIELD-EMISSION; CVD DIAMOND; AFFINITY; SURFACES; PHOTOEMISSION; CONTACTS; NICKEL AB Electron emission characteristics of Cu, Co or Zr films on diamond (100), (111) and (110) surfaces were measured by employing ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) and field emission measurements. Prior to metal deposition, the diamond substrates were terminated with oxygen, hydrogen or were free of adsorbates. Deposition of thin Cu or Co films induced a NEA on clean and H-terminated surfaces. A positive electron affinity was observed for Cu or Co on oxygenated surfaces, and depositing thin Zr films resulted in a NEA on all surfaces considered. UPS can be used to correlate the electron affinity and Schottky barrier height. Schottky barriers of metals on clean surfaces were the lowest, whereas they were the highest on oxygen-covered surfaces. Values for the Schottky barrier height ranged from 0.70 eV to 1.60 eV for Cu, 0.35 eV to 1.40 eV for Co and 0.70 eV to 0.95 eV for Zr. A field emission threshold of 79 V mu m(-1) was measured for oxygenated (100) surfaces. The lowest value of 20 V mu m(-1) was observed for Zr on the clean (100) surface. For all the metals studied, it was found that a lower Schottky barrier height results in a lower electron affinity, and a lower electron affinity results in a lower field emission threshold. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Baumann, PK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 42 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 7 IS 2-5 BP 612 EP 619 DI 10.1016/S0925-9635(97)00256-2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZB444 UT WOS:000072472600098 ER PT J AU Madabhushi, RS AF Madabhushi, RS TI Separation of 4-color DNA sequencing extension products in noncovalently coated capillaries using low viscosity polymer solutions SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE DNA sequencing; capillary electrophoresis; low viscosity media; bare capillaries; polydimethylacrylamide ID REPLACEABLE LINEAR POLYACRYLAMIDE; INDUCED FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; CROSS-LINKED POLYACRYLAMIDE; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; ARRAY ELECTROPHORESIS; HIGH-SPEED; ADSORPTION; SILICA; FRAGMENTS; COLUMNS AB A low viscosity (ca. 75cP) solution using polydimethylacrylamide (PDMA) was developed for separating DNA sequencing extension products by capillary electrophoresis (CE). This medium gave a length-of-read (LOR) value of approximately 600 bases in about 2h using four-color sequencing in 50 mu m capillary at 42 degrees C under a field of 160 V/cm. This medium also works in bare capillaries by noncovalently coating the surface to suppress both electroosmotic flow (EOF) and DNA-capillary wall interactions, and eliminates the need for complicated covalent coatings. At least 100 successive sequencing runs were performed in the same capillary by simply pumping fresh medium after every run, without requiring any reconditioning of the capillary surface between runs. The thermal stability of the noncovalent coating can be improved by adding small amounts of high molecular weight PDMA to the separation medium. The advantages of low viscosity separation media and uncoated capillaries are of paramount importance to develop high-throughput instruments for DNA sequencing. C1 Perkin Elmer Corp, Appl Biosyst Div, Foster City, CA USA. RP Madabhushi, RS (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, L-452,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 38 TC 166 Z9 174 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD FEB PY 1998 VL 19 IS 2 BP 224 EP 230 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA ZB078 UT WOS:000072433100014 PM 9548284 ER PT J AU Williams, K Chubb, C Huberman, E Giometti, CS AF Williams, K Chubb, C Huberman, E Giometti, CS TI Analysis of differential protein expression in normal and neoplastic human breast epithelial cell lines SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE breast; tumor; protein; two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ID GDP DISSOCIATION INHIBITOR; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; 2-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS; KERATIN EXPRESSION; TISSUE PROTEINS; DRUG-RESISTANCE; HEAT-SHOCK; ANNEXIN-V; KINASE-C; CANCER AB High-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and database analysis was used to establish protein expression patterns for cultured normal human mammary epithelial cells and thirteen breast cancer cell lines. The Human Breast Epithelial Cell database contains the 2-DE protein patterns, including relative protein abundances, for each cell line, plus a composite pattern that contains all the common and specifically expressed proteins from all the cell lines. Significant differences in protein expression, both qualitative and quantitative, were observed not only between normal cells and tumor cells, but also among the tumor cell lines. Eight percent (56/727) of the consistently detected proteins were found in significantly (P < 0.001) variable levels among the cell lines. Eight proteins present in normal cultured breast epithelial cells were not detected in any of the tumor cell lines. We identified a subset of the differentially expressed proteins using a combination of immuno-staining, protein sequencing, comigration, and subcellular fractionation. These identified proteins include the intermediate filament components vimentin and cytokeratins. The cell lines can be classified into four distinct groups based on their intermediate filament protein profile. We also identified heat shock proteins; hsp27 and hsp60 varied in abundance and in some cases in the relative phosphorylation levels among the cell lines. Many of the differentially expressed proteins we identified have roles in cellular proliferation and differentiation, including annexin V, elongation initiation factor 5A, Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor, and prohibitin. We identified inosine-5-monophosphate dehydrogenase in each of the cell lines, and found the levels of this enzyme in the tumor cell lines elevated 2- to 20-fold relative to the levels in normal cells. These results expand the human breast epithelial cell protein database (http://www.anl.gov/CMB/PMG) which is being built to assist researchers with the identification of abnormal patterns of expression and pathways associated with malignancy. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Mechanist Biol & Biotechnol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Giometti, CS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Mechanist Biol & Biotechnol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 50 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD FEB PY 1998 VL 19 IS 2 BP 333 EP 343 DI 10.1002/elps.1150190231 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA ZB078 UT WOS:000072433100030 PM 9548300 ER PT J AU Meldem, R Winkelmann, F AF Meldem, R Winkelmann, F TI Comparison of DOE-2 with temperature measurements in the Pala test houses SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article DE low-mass; high-mass; warm-up AB The predictions of version 2.1E of the DOE-2 program for building energy analysis have been compared with measurements in the Pala test houses near San Diego, CA. This work was part of the California Institute for Energy Efficiency 'Alternatives to Compressor Cooling in California Transition Zones' project in which DOE-2 was used for parametric analysis of cooling strategies that reduce peak electrical demand. To establish the validity of DOE-2 for this kind of analysis the program was compared with room air temperature measurements in a 'low-mass' house with conventional insulated stud wall construction and a 'high-mass' house with insulated concrete walls. To test different aspects of the DOE-2 calculation, four different unoccupied, unconditioned thermal configurations of these houses were considered: unshaded windows, shaded windows, white exterior surfaces, and forced night ventilation. In all cases DOE-2 agreed well with the air temperature measurements, with a mean deviation between simulation and measurement ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 K depending on configuration and type of house. Comparisons with inside surface temperature measurements also showed good agreement. Agreement between predictions and measurements improved when a more accurate calculation of foundation heat transfer was used, the ground surface temperature was calculated, and the normal 7-day 'warm-up' period in DOE-2 was extended to 11 days for the high-mass house. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Bldg Technol Program, Div Energy & Environm, Simulat Res Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Meldem, R (reprint author), Meldem Energie, CH-1920 Martigny, Switzerland. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 27 IS 1 BP 69 EP 81 DI 10.1016/S0378-7788(97)00027-3 PG 13 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA ZE850 UT WOS:000072837900008 ER PT J AU Greening, LA Davis, WB Schipper, L AF Greening, LA Davis, WB Schipper, L TI Decomposition of aggregate carbon intensity for the manufacturing sector: comparison of declining trends from 10 OECD countries for the period 1971-1991 SO ENERGY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE descriptive industrial analysis; energy use; carbon dioxide emissions ID ENERGY USE; INDUSTRY STRUCTURE; DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; DIVISIA INDEX; CONSUMPTION; IMPACTS AB As with total energy consumption or aggregate energy intensity changes in aggregate carbon intensity may also be decomposed or attributed to changes in various components, including fuel mix for electricity generation, final energy mix, sub-sectoral economic activity and sub-sectoral energy intensities. The Adaptive Weighted Divisia rolling base year index specification is applied to total carbon emissions from the manufacturing sector of 10 OECD countries for the period 1971-1991. Declines in aggregate carbon intensity for these countries range from < 30% to > 70% and may be primarily attributed to decreases in energy intensity, i.e. increases in the average factor productivity of energy. However, these declines in aggregate carbon intensity appear to have a complex linkage to increases in energy prices, as well as changes in other determinants of gross industrial output. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Energy Anal Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Greening, LA (reprint author), Hagler Bailly Inc, PO Drawer O, Boulder, CO 80306 USA. EM lgreenin@habaco.com NR 26 TC 62 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0140-9883 J9 ENERG ECON JI Energy Econ. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 20 IS 1 BP 43 EP 65 DI 10.1016/S0140-9883(97)00020-0 PG 23 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA ZB529 UT WOS:000072481700003 ER PT J AU Gay, CF Moon, S Brown, H AF Gay, CF Moon, S Brown, H TI Momentum at last: Perspectives on the US renewable energy industry SO ENERGY SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Energy-Foundation Conference ENERGEX 96 CY JUN 03-07, 1996 CL BEIJING, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Energy Fdn C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Moon, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0090-8312 J9 ENERG SOURCE JI Energy Sources PD FEB-MAR PY 1998 VL 20 IS 2 BP 97 EP 102 DI 10.1080/00908319808970048 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA ZA444 UT WOS:000072363900002 ER PT J AU Hirst, E Baxter, L AF Hirst, E Baxter, L TI Carbon dioxide emissions from the US electricity sector SO ENERGY SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Energy-Foundation Conference ENERGEX 96 CY JUN 03-07, 1996 CL BEIJING, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Energy Fdn ID AGREEMENTS; COST C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hirst, E (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hirstea@ornl.gov NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0090-8312 J9 ENERG SOURCE JI Energy Sources PD FEB-MAR PY 1998 VL 20 IS 2 BP 167 EP 185 DI 10.1080/00908319808970055 PG 19 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA ZA444 UT WOS:000072363900009 ER PT J AU Clark, ME Rose, KA Chandler, JA Richter, TJ Orth, DJ Van Winkle, W AF Clark, ME Rose, KA Chandler, JA Richter, TJ Orth, DJ Van Winkle, W TI Simulating smallmouth bass reproductive success in reservoirs subject to water level fluctuations SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES LA English DT Article DE Micropterus dolomieu; reproduction; predictive model; Brownlee Reservoir; fish ID SURVIVAL AB An individual-based model of nesting smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu, is used to predict the effects of water level fluctuations on reproductive success. The model simulates daily nest site selection, spawning, nest guarding, and development and survival of eggs, embryos, and larvae until dispersal. The model was configured for Brownlee Reservoir, Idaho-Oregon. Each reservoir bank is represented as a rectangular grid of cells, with each cell characterized by an assigned slope, substrate, and elevation, and by a water depth that varied daily. Nest site (cell) selection is determined from a habitat suitability index (HSI) based on substrate, slope, and depth. Development of young is temperature-dependent. Mortality of young occurs via attrition, abandonment by the guarding male, and probabilistic whole-nest catastrophe. Simulations were performed that used observed data for 1991 to 1996. Model predicted nest habitat selection and egg-to-dispersal survival rates were similar to observed values. Additional model simulations showed that: (1) nest habitat selection was best predicted when depth, slope, and substrate were considered together rather than singly, (2) egg-to-dispersal survival was related to the magnitude of water level fluctuations during the peak spawning period, (3) relating mortality to HSI values resulted in lower survival, while relating growth to HSI values resulted in higher survival, and (4) spawning habitat is not limiting in Brownlee Reservoir. Suggestions for future monitoring of reservoir-based smallmouth bass populations are discussed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Idaho Power Co, Boise, ID 83707 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Clark, ME (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Ecol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. OI Orth, Donald/0000-0002-9236-0147 NR 21 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1909 J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH JI Environ. Biol. Fishes PD FEB PY 1998 VL 51 IS 2 BP 161 EP 174 DI 10.1023/A:1007489627887 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA YW832 UT WOS:000071978500006 ER PT J AU Beall, JR AF Beall, JR TI Low-level exposures: Some implications for the US Department of Energy SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd BELLE Conference on Toxicological Defense Mechanisms and the Shape of Dose-Response Relationships CY NOV 12-14, 1996 CL RES TRIANGLE PK, NORTH CAROLINA SP Biol Effects Low Level Exposures, Advisory Comm DE chemicals; government; grants; hazardous waste; hormesis; radiation; remediation; risk; research; waste AB The U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) maintains several programs to study and understand the health and environmental effects of exposure to low levels of energy-related agents. These programs include research to understand the mechanisms of action of agents of concern and to assess the risks associated with exposures of people and ecological systems to these agents. They also include implementing appropriate occupational safety and health standards and remediating waste sites to environmental standards. These programs require that the U.S. DOE pursue a realistic understanding of the effects of exposures to small amounts of energy-related agents. The largest of these programs involves hazardous waste remediation and includes potentially harmful exposures to low levels of numerous agents. The U.S. DOE conducts research to establish the scientific bases for the realistic assessment of risks of exposure to such wastes. As part of the U.S. DOE efforts to understand the risks of low-level exposures to hazardous waste, the Office of Health and Environmental Research and the Office of Environmental Management recently launched a broad cooperative program. It is comprised of research projects in nine general scientific areas and includes research on the health impacts and risk estimation of exposure to low levels of hazardous wastes. Projects for this new cooperative research program were selected from 610 applications and totaled approximately $47 million in fiscal year 1996. This program marks a new approach by using basic research to reduce cleanup costs and to develop scientific foundations for advances in environmental technologies. The research will also examine the effects of exposure to low levels of chemical and radiological wastes. C1 US Dept Energy, Off Hlth & Environm Res, Washington, DC USA. RP Beall, JR (reprint author), 4804 Old Middletown Rd, Jefferson, MD 21755 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 106 SU 1 BP 383 EP 385 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 110WC UT WOS:000075403700034 PM 9539034 ER PT J AU Lu, N Kung, KS Mason, CFV Triay, IR Cotter, CR Pappas, AJ Pappas, MEG AF Lu, N Kung, KS Mason, CFV Triay, IR Cotter, CR Pappas, AJ Pappas, MEG TI Removal of plutonium-239 and americium-241 from rocky flats soil by leaching SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLORADO; AM-241 AB A proposed remediation technology to remove Pu and Am from Rocky Flats Plant (RFP) soil combines hot solution (80 degrees C) leach with complexing (e.g., citrate) and reducing (e.g., ascorbic acid or dithionite) agents. The majority of the Pu and Am in the RFP soil was associated with soil size particles of <0.50 mm. The Pu and Am in the soil with particle sizes of <0.25 mm are generally associated with the soil iron oxides, while Pu and Am in the soil particles >0.25 mm are generally associated with soil organic matter (SOM). A laboratory column-leaching process was used (1) to evaluate the teachability of Pu-239,Pu-240 and Am-241 from RFP soil using aqueous solutions of sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium citrate (Cit), sodium citrate-ascorbic acid (CAA), and sodium citrate-sodium dithionite (CD) and (2) to determine the effects of temperature and solution concentration to extract Pu-239,Pu-240 and Am-241 from soil. Additional batch experiments measured the influences of soil particle size, soil organic matter (SOM), and iron oxide on the solubility of alpha active contaminants. Our results show that the complexing-reducing reagent of citrate-ascorbic acid and citrate-dithionite removed at least 70% of alpha active contaminants from RFP site soil. However, the effectiveness of each leaching scheme varies with the particle size fractions. Our results also demonstrate that Pu and Am are effectively removed from RFP site soil at room temperature, and that the solution concentration of 0.1/0.1 or 0.05/0.05 is the optimum molar concentration. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Miami Dade Community Coll, Miami, FL 33176 USA. RP Lu, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ningaping@lanl.gov NR 24 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 32 IS 3 BP 370 EP 374 DI 10.1021/es970329t PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA YU561 UT WOS:000071730200029 ER PT J AU Huang, FYC Brady, PV Lindgren, ER Guerra, P AF Huang, FYC Brady, PV Lindgren, ER Guerra, P TI Biodegradation of uranium-citrate complexes: Implications for extraction of uranium from soils SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; MICROORGANISMS; ACCUMULATION; TRANSPORT; FERNALD; OHIO AB Citrate is often used as a complexing agent to mobilize sorbed and precipitated uranium in both in situ and ex situ extraction of soils and nuclear reactor components. The biodegradability of U-citrate complexes is an important control over the potential migration of residual uranium after the extraction process is complete. In solutions buffered at pH 6-7, limited biodegradation of citrate is observed within 10 days with initial U:citrate molar ratios ranging from 1.2 to 1:8; however, over 99% of the citrate is biodegraded rapidly at pH 8-9. The increase of pH may have shifted the equilibrium speciation of uranium from (UO2-citrate)(2)(2-) to (UO2)(3)(OH)(7)(1-) and, consequently, raised the bioavailability of citrate. At pH 6-7, a significant amount of uranium is also observed to associate with biomass, whereas only a negligible amount is observed at pH 8-9. Our experimental results suggest that the residual concentration of uranium-citrate complexes left in the treated soils can be reduced rapidly if the soil water pH is held between 8 and 9 after the extraction processes. C1 New Mexico Tech, Dept Mineral & Environm Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs MS0750, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Huang, FYC (reprint author), New Mexico Tech, Dept Mineral & Environm Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. NR 18 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 32 IS 3 BP 379 EP 382 DI 10.1021/es970181d PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA YU561 UT WOS:000071730200031 ER PT J AU Beckmann, D Wanka, S Wosnitza, J Schlueter, JA Williams, JM Nixon, PG Winter, RW Gard, GL Ren, J Whangbo, MH AF Beckmann, D Wanka, S Wosnitza, J Schlueter, JA Williams, JM Nixon, PG Winter, RW Gard, GL Ren, J Whangbo, MH TI Characterization of the Fermi surface of the organic superconductor beta ''-(ET)(2)SF5CH2CF2SO3 by measurements of Shubnikov-de Haas and angle-dependent magnetoresistance oscillations and by electronic band-structure calculations SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTOR; BETA''-(BEDT-TTF)2AUBR2; SALTS; BIS(ETHYLENEDITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE; FIELD; TC AB The electronic structure of the quasi two-dimensional (2D) organic superconductor beta "-(ET)(2)SF5CH2CF2SO3 was examined by measuring Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) and angle-dependent magnetoresistance (AMRO) oscillations and by comparing with electronic band-structure calculations. The SdH oscillation frequencies follow the 1/cos theta angular dependence expected for a 2D Fermi surface (FS), and the observed fundamental frequency shows that the 2D FS is 5% of the first Brillouin zone in size. The AMRO data indicate that the shape of the 2D FS is significantly non-circular. The calculated electronic structure has a 2D FS in general agreement with experiment. From the temperature and angular dependence of the SdH amplitude, the cyclotron and band effective masses were estimated to be m(c) = (1.9 +/- 0.05)m(e) and m(b) = (3.90+/-0.05) m(e)/g, where g is the conduction electron g factor and m(e) the free electron mass. The band effective mass is estimated to be m(b)' =1.07 m(e) from the calculated electronic band structure. C1 Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Phys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Portland State Univ, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97207 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Beckmann, D (reprint author), Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Phys, Engesserstr 7, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. NR 29 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6028 J9 EUR PHYS J B JI Eur. Phys. J. B PD FEB PY 1998 VL 1 IS 3 BP 295 EP 300 DI 10.1007/s100510050185 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA ZJ579 UT WOS:000073230900005 ER PT J AU McFarland, KS Arroyo, CG King, BJ de Barbaro, L de Barbaro, P Bazarko, AO Bernstein, RH Bodek, A Bolton, T Budd, H Bugel, L Conrad, J Drucker, RB Harris, DA Johnson, RA Kim, JH Kinnel, T Lamm, MJ Lefmann, WC Marsh, W McNulty, C Mishra, SR Naples, D Quintas, PZ Romosan, A Sakumoto, WK Schellman, H Sciulli, FJ Seligman, WG Shaevitz, MH Smith, WH Spentzouris, P Stern, EG Vakili, M Yang, UK Yu, J Zeller, GP AF McFarland, KS Arroyo, CG King, BJ de Barbaro, L de Barbaro, P Bazarko, AO Bernstein, RH Bodek, A Bolton, T Budd, H Bugel, L Conrad, J Drucker, RB Harris, DA Johnson, RA Kim, JH Kinnel, T Lamm, MJ Lefmann, WC Marsh, W McNulty, C Mishra, SR Naples, D Quintas, PZ Romosan, A Sakumoto, WK Schellman, H Sciulli, FJ Seligman, WG Shaevitz, MH Smith, WH Spentzouris, P Stern, EG Vakili, M Yang, UK Yu, J Zeller, GP TI A precision measurement of electroweak parameters in neutrino-nucleon scattering SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; HADRONS; QUARK; SEA AB The CCFR collaboration reports a precise measurement of electroweak parameters derived from the ratio of neutral-current to charged-current cross-sections in neutrino-nucleon scattering at the Fermilab Tevatron. We determine sin(2) theta(W)((on-shell)) = 0.2236 +/- 0.0028(expt.) +/- 0.0030(model) for M-top = 175 GeV, M-Higgs = 150 GeV. This is equivalent to M-W = 80.35+/-0.21 GeV. The good agreement of this measurement with Standard Model expectations implies the exclusion of additional vvqq contact interactions at 95% confidence at a mass scale of 1-8 TeV, depending on the form of the contact interaction. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP McFarland, KS (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. OI Bernstein, Robert/0000-0002-7610-950X NR 30 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 1 IS 3-4 BP 509 EP 513 DI 10.1007/s100520050099 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA ZA153 UT WOS:000072334200007 ER PT J AU Albright, CH AF Albright, CH TI A non-minimal SO(10) x U(1)(F) SUSY-GUT model obtained from a bottom-up approach SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID GRAND-UNIFIED THEORIES; FERMION MASS MATRICES; INFRARED FIXED-POINTS; SOLAR-NEUTRINO DATA; SUPERSYMMETRIC SO(10); SYMMETRY-BREAKING; GAUGE SYMMETRIES; SO(10)XU(1)(F) MODEL; SUPERGRAVITY MODELS; YUKAWA INTERACTIONS AB Many of the ingredients are explored which are needed to develop a supersymmetric SO(10) x U(1)(F) grand unified model based on the Yukawa structure of a model previously constructed in collaboration with S. Nandi to explain the quark and lepton masses and mixings in a particular neutrino scenario. The U(1)(F) family symmetry can be made anomaly-free with the introduction of one conjugate pair of SO(10)-singlet neutrinos with the same U(1)(F) charge. Due to a plethora of conjugate pairs of supermultiplets, the model develops a Landau singularity within a factor of 1.5 above the GUT scale. With the imposition of a Z(2) discrete symmetry and under certain conditions, all higgsino triplets can be made superheavy while just one pair of higgsino doublets remains light and results in mass matrix textures previously obtained from the bottom-up approach. Diametrically opposite splitting of the first and third family scalar quark and lepton masses away from the second family ones results from the nonuniversal D-term contributions. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Albright, CH (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM albright@fnal.gov OI Albright, Carl/0000-0002-2252-6359 NR 89 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 1 IS 3-4 BP 657 EP 667 DI 10.1007/s100520050114 PG 11 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA ZA153 UT WOS:000072334200022 ER PT J AU Cobden, DH Pilling, G Parthasarathy, R McEuen, PL Castleton, IM Linfield, EH Ritchie, DA Jones, GAC AF Cobden, DH Pilling, G Parthasarathy, R McEuen, PL Castleton, IM Linfield, EH Ritchie, DA Jones, GAC TI Current flow past an etched barrier: field emission from a two-dimensional electron gas SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM; HETEROJUNCTIONS AB We find that, under appropriate conditions, electrons can pass a barrier etched across a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) by field emission from the GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction into a second, low-density 2DEG formed deep in the substrate. The current-voltage characteristics exhibit a rapid increase in the current at the field emission threshold and intrinsic bistability above this threshold, consistent with a heating instability occurring in the second 2DEG. These results may explain similar behaviour recently seen in a number of front-gated devices by several groups. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. RP Cobden, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Parthasarathy, Raghuveer/A-5958-2008; OI Parthasarathy, Raghuveer/0000-0002-6006-4749; Linfield, Edmund/0000-0001-6912-0535 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEXA PA 7, AVE DU HOGGAR, PARC D ACTIVITES COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEXA, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 41 IS 3 BP 327 EP 332 DI 10.1209/epl/i1998-00151-4 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YV123 UT WOS:000071791700016 ER PT J AU Cummings, PT AF Cummings, PT TI Molecular simulation of complex systems using massively parallel supercomputers SO FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Molecular Thermodynamics and Molecular Simulation (MTMS 97) CY JAN 12-15, 1997 CL HOSEI UNIV, TOKYO, JAPAN HO HOSEI UNIV DE molecular dynamics; Monte Carlo; massively parallel supercomputers; rheology; lubricants; polymers; electrolytes ID SUPERCRITICAL WATER; ION-PAIR; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; SODIUM-CHLORIDE; DYNAMICS SIMULATION; MEAN FORCE; ASSOCIATION; ALKANES; SOLVENT; DECANE AB Massively parallel supercomputers, such as the 150 Gigaflop Intel Paragons located at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories, make possible molecular simulation of systems of unprecedented complexity and realism. We describe some of the issues related to efficient implementation of molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations on massively parallel supercomputers. The application of these methods to the prediction of the rheology of lubricants, polymer blends and high temperature aqueous electrolyte systems will be described. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cummings, PT (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, 419 Dougherty Engn Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013 OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216 NR 40 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3812 J9 FLUID PHASE EQUILIBR JI Fluid Phase Equilib. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 144 IS 1-2 BP 331 EP 342 DI 10.1016/S0378-3812(97)00277-X PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA ZT227 UT WOS:000074062900035 ER PT J AU Roelandts, I Gladney, ES AF Roelandts, I Gladney, ES TI Consensus values for NIST biological and environmental Standard Reference Materials SO FRESENIUS JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Biological and Environmental Reference Materials (BERM-7) CY APR 21-25, 1997 CL ANTWERP, BELGIUM SP European Commiss, AOAC Int, European Inst Reference Mat & Measurements AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST, formerly the National Bureau of Standards or NBS) has produced numerous Standard Reference Materials (SRM) for use in biological and environmental analytical chemistry. The value listed on the "NIST Certificate of Analysis" is the present best estimate of the "true" concentration of that element and is not expected to deviate from that concentration by more than the stated uncertainty. However, NIST does not certify the elemental concentration of every constituent and the number of elements reported in the NIST programs tends to be limited. Numerous analysts have published concentration data on these reference materials. Major journals in analytical chemistry, books, proceedings and "technical reports" have been surveyed to collect these available literature values. A standard statistical approach has been employed to evaluate the compiled data. Our methodology has been developed in a series of previous papers. Some subjective criteria are first used to reject aberrant data. Following these eliminations, an initial arithmetic mean and standard deviation (S.D.) are computed from remaining data for each element. All data now outside two S.D. from the initial mean are dropped and a second mean and S.D. recalculated. These final means and associated S.D. are reported as "consensus values" in our tables. C1 Univ Liege, Dept Geol Petrol & Geochem, B-4000 Liege 1, Belgium. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Air Qual Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Roelandts, I (reprint author), Univ Liege, Dept Geol Petrol & Geochem, B-4000 Liege 1, Belgium. NR 11 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0937-0633 J9 FRESEN J ANAL CHEM JI Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 360 IS 3-4 BP 327 EP 338 DI 10.1007/s002160050704 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA ZB305 UT WOS:000072457700014 ER PT J AU Maggiora, R Vecchi, G Carter, MD Riccitelli, M AF Maggiora, R Vecchi, G Carter, MD Riccitelli, M TI Electromagnetic design of an ICRH system for IGNITOR SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE IGNITOR; RF heating; ICRH; ICRF; radiation impedance; input impedance ID ANTENNA AB An antenna array is designed for ion cyclotron resonance healing (ICRH) for the IGNITOR experiment, planned to operate in the 70-140 MHz frequency range, The design is based on the conventional strap antenna element, and the coupling properties of the antenna are calculated with a slab model of the plasma. A comprehensive analysis of the antenna system performance is undertaken, including considerations on the tuning and matching system. For the antenna simulation, we consider first a two-dimensional problem to obtain the parameters of the transmission line model for the strap current; the current profile thus obtained is then used in a three-dimensional simulation of the antenna that yields the radiation resistance; the input impedance of the straps is then obtained from the radiation resistance and the line parameters. Two methods to obtain the strap input impedance are compared. The first is based on a distributed concept of the radiated power, i.e. introducing a resistance per unit length; the second is based on loss-less transmission lines and lumped resistances at the discontinuities to account for the radiated power. Applying the same method as for the straps (with lumped resistances), the effect of the feeders has also been analyzed. The global antenna in each port consists of four straps to form a 2 x 2 poloidal and toroidal phased array, in our proposed design each strap is fed by a radio frequency (RF) power generator via a coaxial cable and a tuning and matching system. The power spectrum of the radiated parallel index and the power handling capability are optimized in the middle of the frequency range, at 91 MHz, for out-of-phasing in order to obtain a high heating efficiency and a high radiation resistance. Within the overall mechanical design constraints, the predicted radiation resistance is sufficient to withstand ICRH experiments with 4 MW of power injected in the plasma per-port as long as the distance between the Faraday shield and the straps is smaller than 0.02 m, with a maximum with-standing RF voltage in the system of 35 kV. The concept of input impedance and effective resistance are employed throughout to monitor the performance of the antenna system. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Politecn Torino, Dipartimento Elettron, Turin, Italy. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Maggiora, R (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dipartimento Elettron, Turin, Italy. EM MAGGIORARI@POLITO.IT OI VECCHI, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0798-5431 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 38 IS 4 BP 353 EP 367 DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(97)00124-5 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA ZD776 UT WOS:000072722700001 ER PT J AU Fabritsiev, SA Pokrovsky, AS Zinkle, SJ AF Fabritsiev, SA Pokrovsky, AS Zinkle, SJ TI Effect of neutron dose and spectra, He/dpa ratio and Ni and Zn accumulation on irradiation damage of pure copper and PH and DS copper alloys SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE copper alloys; neutron irradiation; embrittlement; softening AB The present analysis is based mainly on the results of recently undertaken investigations of radiation resistance of copper alloys irradiated in the SM-2 and BOR-60 reactors, as well as on the results of the just accomplished collaborative spectrally tailored experiment in the SM-2 reactor. Low-temperature radiation embrittlement at T(irr)similar to 100 degrees C presents considerable problems for dispersion strengthened (DS) and precipitation-hardened (PH) copper alloys, as their total elongation at T-test=T-irr=100 degrees C drops to similar to 1% and uniform elongation to similar to 0.1%. At irradiation temperatures above 300 degrees C, the most significant mechanical property change for PH copper alloys is the softening effect due to radiation enhanced precipitate coarsening and dislocation recovery and recrystallization processes. The softening effect is sensitive to the neutron spectrum, and the threshold temperature of its manifestation in a mixed-spectrum reactor is apparently similar to 100 degrees C less than in a fast neutron reactor. The results of copper alloys irradiation in mixed-spectrum reactors serve as the basis for an analysis of the neutron spectrum effect and the problem of fission-fusion correlation. At irradiation temperatures greater than 350 degrees C, helium embrittlement associated with the high helium accumulation rate for copper alloys exposed to fusion neutrons will be one of the main problems limiting the lifetime. At increased irradiation temperatures, creep will present a special problem. It is apparent that the DS copper alloys have some advantage in their radiation resistance compared to PH alloys such as CuCrZr, this being attributable to the high-temperature stability of their hardening structure. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 DV Efremov Sci Res Inst Electrophys Apparatus, St Petersburg 189631, Russia. Sci Res Inst Atom Reactors, Dimitrovgrad 433510, Russia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Fabritsiev, SA (reprint author), DV Efremov Sci Res Inst Electrophys Apparatus, St Petersburg 189631, Russia. EM fabr@niief.spb.su OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 38 IS 4 BP 459 EP 473 DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(98)00106-9 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA ZD776 UT WOS:000072722700007 ER PT J AU Albanese, V Holbert, S Saada, C Meier-Ewert, S Lebre, AS Moriniere, S Bougueleret, L Le Gall, I Weissenbach, J Lennon, G Lehrach, H Cohen, D Cann, HM Neri, C AF Albanese, V Holbert, S Saada, C Meier-Ewert, S Lebre, AS Moriniere, S Bougueleret, L Le Gall, I Weissenbach, J Lennon, G Lehrach, H Cohen, D Cann, HM Neri, C TI CAG/CTG and CGG/GCC repeats in human brain reference cDNAs: Outcome in searching for new dynamic mutations SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID EXPANDED CAG REPEATS; TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEATS; EXPRESSION; GENES; SCHIZOPHRENIA; EXPANSION; DISORDER; PROTEIN; CLONING; DISEASE AB CAG and CGG expansion is associated with 10 inherited neurological diseases and is thought to be involved in other human genetic diseases. To identify new candidate genes, we have undertaken a large-scale screening project for CAG/CTG ([CAG]n) and CGG/GCC ([CGG]n) repeats in human brain reference cDNAs. Here, we present the final classification for 597 cDNAs selected by CAG and CGG hybridization from two libraries (100,128 clones) and the updated characterization of [CAG]n- and [CGG]n-positive cDNAs (repeat polymorphism and cDNA localization). We have selected 124 CAG and 83 CGG hybridization-positive clones representing new genes, from which 49 CAG and 7 CGG repeats could be identified. New [CAG]n and [CGG]n with more than seven to nine units were rare (1/2000), and perfect [CAG]n 9 were more likely polymorphic. Overall, highly polymorphic to monomorphic new [CAG]n > 9 and [CGG]n > 7 were characterized. The comparison of our data with other [CAG]n and [CGG]n resources suggests that the screening of reference cDNAs leads to unique sources of new [CAG]n and [CGG]n and will enhance the study of enlarged triplet repeats in human genetic diseases. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Fdn Jean Dausset, CEPH, F-75010 Paris, France. Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, Berlin, Germany. Genethon, CNRS URA 1922, Evry, France. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Neri, C (reprint author), Fdn Jean Dausset, CEPH, 27 Juliette Dodu, F-75010 Paris, France. RI Neri, Christian/F-6729-2013 NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 47 IS 3 BP 414 EP 418 DI 10.1006/geno.1997.5130 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA YZ595 UT WOS:000072269800012 PM 9480757 ER PT J AU Chiang, PW Stubbs, L Zhang, L Kurnit, DM AF Chiang, PW Stubbs, L Zhang, L Kurnit, DM TI Isolation of murine SPT5 homologue: Completion of the isolation and characterization of human and murine homologues of yeast chromatin structural protein complex SPT4 SPT5, and SPT6 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID GENE C1 Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Dept Human Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Chiang, PW (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1150 W Med Ctr Dr,3520 MSRB 1, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. OI Stubbs, Lisa/0000-0002-9556-1972 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 47 IS 3 BP 426 EP 428 DI 10.1006/geno.1997.5137 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA YZ595 UT WOS:000072269800016 PM 9480761 ER PT J AU Aggarwal, PK Dillon, MA AF Aggarwal, PK Dillon, MA TI Stable isotope composition of molecular oxygen in soil gas and groundwater: A potentially robust tracer for diffusion and oxygen consumption processes SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; DEEP-SEA; FRACTIONATION; TRANSPORT; SEAWATER; CO2 AB We have measured the concentration and isotopic composition of molecular oxygen in soil gas and groundwater. At a site near Lincoln. Nebraska, USA, soil gas oxygen concentrations ranged from 13.8 to 17.6% at depths of 3-4 m and the delta(18)O values ranged mostly from 24.0 to 27.2 parts per thousand (SMOW). The concentration of dissolved oxygen in a perched aquifer in the Texas Panhandle (depth to water similar to 76 m) was about 5 mg/L and the delta(18)O values were 21.2-22.9 parts per thousand. The delta(18)O of soil gas oxygen in our study are higher and those of dissolved oxygen an lower than the delta(18)O of atmospheric oxygen (23.5 parts per thousand). A model for the oxygen concentration and isotopic composition in soil gas was developed using the molecular diffusion theory. The higher delta(18)O values in soil gas at the Nebraska site can be explained by the effects of diffusion and soil respiration (plant root and bacterial) on the isotopic composition of molecular oxygen. The lower delta(18)O of dissolved oxygen at the Texas site indicates that oxygen consumption below the root zone in the relatively thick unsaturated zone here may have occurred with a different fractionation factor (either due to inorganic consumption or due to low respiration rates) than that observed for the dominant pathways of plant root and bacterial respiration. It is concluded that the use of the concentration and isotopic composition of soil gas and dissolved oxygen should provide a robust tool for studying the subsurface gaseous diffusion and oxygen consumption processes. Copyright (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Geosci Associates Inc, Naperville, IL 60565 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Aggarwal, PK (reprint author), Int Atom Energy Agcy, Dept Res & Isotopes, Wagramer Str 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. RI aggarwal, pradeep/C-8367-2016 OI aggarwal, pradeep/0000-0001-5970-1408 NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD FEB PY 1998 VL 62 IS 4 BP 577 EP 584 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00377-3 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ZH971 UT WOS:000073166700002 ER PT J AU Ainsworth, CC Friedrich, DM Gassman, PL Wang, Z Joly, AG AF Ainsworth, CC Friedrich, DM Gassman, PL Wang, Z Joly, AG TI Characterization of salicylate-alumina surface complexes by polarized fluorescence spectroscopy SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION INTERFACE; TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; ORGANIC-ACIDS; HYDROUS OXIDES; EXCITED-STATE; DISSOLUTION KINETICS; ADSORPTION PHENOMENA; PHENOLIC COMPLEXES; ELECTRONIC STATES AB Speciation of salicylate anions (o-hydroxybenzoate) adsorbed on aqueous colloidal alumina (delta-Al2O3) was determined by polarized fluorescence excitation spectroscopy. Adsorption isotherms and pH and ionic strength edges suggest the existence of both inner-sphere and outer-sphere salicylate surface complexes. Spectroscopic characteristics of inner-sphere surface-salicylate complexes tone bidentate and two monodentate) were identified through comparison of suspension spectra with remarkably similar fluorescence and excitation spectra of solution phase Al-salicylate complexes. The large fluorescence Stokes gap of the aqueous salicylate anion is highly sensitive to complexation, resulting in spectral shifts characteristic of aluminum binding in the three inner-sphere salicylate complexes. These species appear to be present even at extremely low surface coverage and the relative distributions are dependent on pH, ionic strength, and the relative concentrations of alumina and salicylate. The bidentate complex, however, is the predominant species at low surface coverages. Fluorescence anisotropy measurements, both steady-state and time-resolved, demonstrate that the bidentate and monodentate surface complexes do not undergo rotational reorientation on the time-scale of the fluorescence (tau(f) = 4.0 ns), consistent with inner-sphere, polar covalent binding of these salicylate complexes to alumina surface sites. At high surface coverage, rime-resolved anisotropy measurements suggest the existence of a surface salicylate species that is rotationally hindered (tau(r) = 31 ps) relative to free solution phase salicylate ions (tau(r) = 20 ps). This behavior is consistent with an electrostatically bound outer-sphere complex suggested by the pH and ionic-strength sorption edges. Copyright (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Interfacial Geochem Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Friedrich, DM (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dm_friedrich@pnl.gov RI Wang, Zheming/E-8244-2010 OI Wang, Zheming/0000-0002-1986-4357 NR 79 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD FEB PY 1998 VL 62 IS 4 BP 595 EP 612 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00375-X PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ZH971 UT WOS:000073166700004 ER PT J AU Bebie, J Schoonen, MAA Fuhrmann, M Strongin, DR AF Bebie, J Schoonen, MAA Fuhrmann, M Strongin, DR TI Surface charge development on transition metal sulfides: An electrokinetic study SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID PYRITE; WATER; SYSTEMS; ELECTRONEGATIVITY; ELECTROLYTE; PREDICTION; FLOTATION; CHEMISTRY; REMOVAL AB The isoelectric points, pH(i.e.p.), of ZnS, PbS, CuFeS2, FeS, FeS2, NiS2, CoS2, and MnS2 in NaCl supported electrolyte solutions are estimated to be between pH 3.3 and 0.6, with most of the isoelectric points below pH 2. The first electrokinetic measurements on NiS2, CoS2, and MnS2 are reported here. Below pH(i.e.p.) the metal-sulfide surfaces are positively charged, above pH(i.e.p.) the surfaces are negatively charged. The addition of Me2+ ions shifts the pH(i.e.p.) and changes the pH dependence considerably. The isoelectric points of the measured transition metal sulfides in the absence of metal ions or dissolved sulfide (H2S or HS-) are in agreement with those found in earlier studies. The pH range of observed isoelectric points for metal sulfides (0.6-3.3) is compared to the considerably wider pH(i.e.p.) range (2-12) found for oxides. The correlation between pH(i.e.p.) and the electronegativities of the metal sulfides suggests that all metal sulfides will have an isoelectric point between pH 0.6 and 3.3. Compared to metal oxides, sulfides exhibit an isoelectric point that is largely independent of the nature of the metal cation in the solid. Copgright (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Temple Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Bebie, J (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RI Schoonen, martin/E-7703-2011 OI Schoonen, martin/0000-0002-7133-1160 NR 37 TC 117 Z9 119 U1 6 U2 38 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD FEB PY 1998 VL 62 IS 4 BP 633 EP 642 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00058-1 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ZH971 UT WOS:000073166700006 ER PT J AU Monger, HC Cole, DR Gish, JW Giordano, TH AF Monger, HC Cole, DR Gish, JW Giordano, TH TI Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in Quaternary soil carbonates as indicators of ecogeomorphic changes in the northern Chihuahuan Desert, USA SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT National Meeting of the Soil-Science-Society-of-America CY 1994 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Soil Sci Soc Amer DE stable isotopes; pedogenic carbonates; paleosols; paleoclimate; desert; soils ID SOUTHERN NEW-MEXICO; RIO-GRANDE RIFT; PEDOGENIC CARBONATE; ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS; UNITED-STATES; PALEOCLIMATE; MOUNTAINS; AMERICA; CLIMATE; RECORDS AB Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in soil carbonates provide an additional technique for investigating Quaternary ecogeomorphic changes in arid and semiarid regions. This study presents delta(13)C and delta(18)O values in surface and buried soils in a Basin and Range region of southern New Mexico and west Texas. Three landform categories were investigated for their isotopic content: (1) middle piedmont slopes; (2) a lower piedmont slope and adjacent playa depressions; and (3) an intermontane basin floor. Soils of the middle piedmont slopes had greatest delta(13)C variability, ranging from -0.6 parts per thousand in buried soils to similar to 11.1 parts per thousand (PDB) in surface soils. Soils of the basin floor had greatest variability in delta(18)O values, ranging from -0.6 parts per thousand to -7.6 parts per thousand(PDB). Fossil pollen patterns roughly paralleled delta(13)C shifts, With Cheno-Am pollen exhibiting greatest changes. Both isotope and pollen data across stratigraphic discontinuities suggest that a conversion from C-4 grasses to C-3 desert shrubs accompanied Holocene erosion. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Quaternary Palynol Res, Rio Rancho, NM 87124 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Monger, HC (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NR 88 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD FEB PY 1998 VL 82 IS 1-3 BP 137 EP 172 DI 10.1016/S0016-7061(97)00100-6 PG 36 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA ZH112 UT WOS:000073073400007 ER PT J AU Delaney, JS Dyar, MD Sutton, SR Bajt, S AF Delaney, JS Dyar, MD Sutton, SR Bajt, S TI Redox ratios with relevant resolution: Solving an old problem by using the synchrotron microXANES probe SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; EDGE STRUCTURE XANES; ELECTRON-MICROPROBE; SILICATES; SPECTRA; OXIDES; STATES; IRON AB In situ measurements of the oxidation state of iron in common minerals have been made by using the synchrotron microXANES (SmX) technique, The results compare very well with wet-chemical and Mossbauer spectroscopic analyses of the same samples, Areas of 10 x 20 mu m have been measured successfully, and the results demonstrate that both zoning of Fe3+ and the effect of oxide inclusions on bulk analyses can be quantified. Such sample heterogeneity cannot be detected by conventional bulk analytical techniques, The ability to measure Fe3+/Sigma Fe with spatial resolution comparable to that of the electron probe further enhances the importance of microbeam techniques in the earth and planetary sciences, Direct measurements of elemental oxidation states that can constrain oxidation-reduction processes are now possible with close to the spatial resolution of traditional compositional analyses derived from electron, or ion, beam and optical microscopic techniques. New, more intense, synchrotron sources such as the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory, are becoming available for analyses of 1-10 mu m areas. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. W Chester Univ, Dept Geol, W Chester, PA 19383 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Delaney, JS (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RI Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010 NR 28 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 12 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 EI 1943-2682 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD FEB PY 1998 VL 26 IS 2 BP 139 EP 142 DI 10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<0139:RRWRRS>2.3.CO;2 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA YW331 UT WOS:000071924000011 ER PT J AU Scurlock, JMO Hall, DO AF Scurlock, JMO Hall, DO TI The global carbon sink: a grassland perspective SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE below-ground; carbon sink; grasslands; net primary production; NPP; savannas ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SOIL CARBON; CONIFEROUS FORESTS; STORAGE; PRODUCTIVITY; TEMPERATE; CYCLE; ECOSYSTEMS; WORLDWIDE AB The challenge to identify the biospheric sinks for about half the total carbon emissions from fossil fuels must include a consideration of below-ground ecosystem processes as well as those more easily measured above-ground. Recent studies suggest that tropical grasslands and savannas may contribute more to the 'missing sink' than was previously appreciated, perhaps as much as 0.5 Pg (= 0.5 Gt) carbon per annum. The rapid increase in availability of productivity data facilitated by the Internet will be important for future scaling-up of global change responses, to establish independent lines of evidence about the location and size of carbon sinks. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ London Kings Coll, Div Life Sci, London W8 7AH, England. RP Scurlock, JMO (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 36 TC 254 Z9 358 U1 25 U2 141 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOB CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 4 IS 2 BP 229 EP 233 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00151.x PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA YY385 UT WOS:000072141800011 ER PT J AU Schoof, RA Yost, LJ Crecelius, E Irgolic, K Goessler, W Guo, HR Greene, H AF Schoof, RA Yost, LJ Crecelius, E Irgolic, K Goessler, W Guo, HR Greene, H TI Dietary arsenic intake in Taiwanese districts with elevated arsenic in drinking water SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Taiwan; arsenic; speciation; dietary ID SPECIATION AB Inorganic arsenic in dietary staples (i.e., yams and rice) may have substantially contributed to exposure and adverse health effects observed in an endemic Taiwanese population historically exposed to arsenic in drinking water. Observations of this population were used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to derive toxicity values that form the basis for arsenic risk assessment and various regulations in the United States. However, data were previously insufficient to accurately estimate dietary intake. Rice and yam samples collected in 1993 and 1995 from Taiwanese districts with endemic arsenic were analyzed for total arsenic and for inorganic and organic mono- and dimethylarsenic. The acid digestion techniques used in the analyses are among the best to preserve organic arsenic in the test sample. Furthermore, concurrent analyses of the proportion of inorganic arsenic in split samples of rice and yams collected in the 1995 investigation were in good agreement, despite using a different digestion method. These data support a likely mean dietary intake of 50 mu g/day with a range of 15 to 211 mu g/day. Consideration of dietary intake may result in a downward revision of the assumed potency of ingested arsenic as reflected in EPA's toxicity values. C1 PTI Environm Serv, Bellevue, WA 98007 USA. Battelle Marine Sci, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Inst Analyt Chem, A-8010 Graz, Austria. Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Coll Med, Tainan 70428, Taiwan. ARCO Corp, Los Angeles, CA 90071 USA. RP Schoof, RA (reprint author), PTI Environm Serv, 15375 SE 30th Pl,Suite 250, Bellevue, WA 98007 USA. OI Goessler, Walter/0000-0002-0142-9373 NR 20 TC 73 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 16 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 4 IS 1 BP 117 EP 135 DI 10.1080/10807039891284235 PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ZC317 UT WOS:000072565100011 ER PT J AU Lenkkeri, U Kestila, M Lamerdin, J McCready, P Adamson, A Olsen, A Tryggvason, K AF Lenkkeri, U Kestila, M Lamerdin, J McCready, P Adamson, A Olsen, A Tryggvason, K TI Structure of the human amyloid-precursor-like protein gene APLP1 at 19q13.1 SO HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CONGENITAL NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; FINNISH TYPE; LONG ARM; CHROMOSOME-19; DISEASE; MAPS AB Amyloid-precursor-like protein 1 (APLP1) is a membrane-associated glycoprotein, whose gene is homologous to the APP gene, which has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, APLP1 is predominantly expressed in brain, particularly in the cerebral cortex postsynaptic density, The genomic organization of mouse APLP1 has been determined, and the human gene has been mapped to chromosomal region 19q13.1. in the present study, the entire sequence of human APLP1 has been determined from a cosmid clone. and the genomic structure has been determined. The gene is 11.8 kb long and contains 17 exons. We have previously mapped the gene for congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNF) to the APLP1 region, to the vicinity of marker D19S610 located between markers D19S191 and DS19608. APLP1 is the only blown gene in the vicinity of the marker D19S610. Because of its location and the proposed interference of amyloid with basement membrane assembly, APLP1 has been considered a candidate gene for CNF. All exon regions of the gene were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and sequenced from DNA of CNF patients. No differences were observed between CNF patients and controls, suggesting that mutations in APLP1 are not involved In the etiology of CNF. C1 Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Biochem & Biophys, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Oulu, Bioctr, FIN-90570 Oulu, Finland. Univ Oulu, Dept Biochem, FIN-90570 Oulu, Finland. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome, Livermore, CA USA. RP Tryggvason, K (reprint author), Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Biochem & Biophys, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. NR 17 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-6717 EI 1432-1203 J9 HUM GENET JI Hum. Genet. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 102 IS 2 BP 192 EP 196 DI 10.1007/s004390050676 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA ZB303 UT WOS:000072457500012 PM 9521588 ER PT J AU Schollen, E Pardon, E Heykants, L Renard, J Doggett, NA Callen, DF Cassiman, JJ Matthijs, G AF Schollen, E Pardon, E Heykants, L Renard, J Doggett, NA Callen, DF Cassiman, JJ Matthijs, G TI Comparative analysis of the phosphomannomutase genes PMM1, PMM2 and PMM2 psi: the sequence variation in the processed pseudogene is a reflection of the mutations found in the functional gene SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID SYNDROME TYPE-I; CREB-BINDING-PROTEIN; HUMAN CHROMOSOME-16; SITU HYBRIDIZATION; PHYSICAL MAP; LOCALIZATION; 16P13.3; CDG1 AB The search for the carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome type I (CDG1) gene has revealed the existence of a family of phosphomannomutase (PMM) genes in humans, Two expressed PMM genes, PMM1 and PMM2,are located on chromosome bands 22q13 and 16p13, respectively, and a processed pseudogene PMM2 psi is located on chromosome 18p, Mutations in PMM2 are the cause of CDG type IA whereas no disorder has been associated with defects in PMM1 as yet, Here, we describe the genomic organization of these paralogous genes, There is a 65% identity of the coding sequence, and all intron/exon boundaries have been conserved, The processed pseudogene is more closely related to PMM2, Remarkably, several base substitutions in PMM2 that are associated with disease are also present at the corresponding positions in the pseudogene, Thus, mutations that occur at a slow rate in the active gene in the population have also accumulated in the pseudogene. C1 Catholic Univ Louvain, Ctr Human Genet, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Womens & Childrens Hosp, Dept Cytogenet & Mol Genet, N Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia. RP Matthijs, G (reprint author), Catholic Univ Louvain, Ctr Human Genet, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 6,Herestr 49, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. EM gert.matthijs@med.kuleuven.ac.be RI Callen, David/G-1975-2012 NR 32 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 7 IS 2 BP 157 EP 164 DI 10.1093/hmg/7.2.157 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA YU940 UT WOS:000071771900001 PM 9425221 ER PT J AU Love, L Kress, R Jansen, J AF Love, L Kress, R Jansen, J TI Control for a hydraulically actuated flexible-prismatic link robot SO IEEE CONTROL SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS AB Many of the long-reach manipulators we are using for nuclear waste remediation have hydraulic actuation and flexible prismatic links. Unfortunately, most of the research related to flexible link manipulators to date focuses on single-link, fixed-length, single-plane-of-vibration test beds, In addition, many testbeds use electromagnetic drives for actuation. This manuscript describes a new test bed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) that has hydraulic actuation and a single flexible-prismatic link. Preliminary experiments and analysis show the effect many nonlinear characteristics have on the dynamics of commercial-grade hydraulic systems. Next, we show how these characteristics limit control design and impact flexure control strategies. Finally, a series of experiments show the performance of standard flexure control algorithms on our flexible-prismatic test bed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Love, L (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0272-1708 J9 IEEE CONTR SYST MAG JI IEEE Control Syst. Mag. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 18 IS 1 BP 34 EP 41 DI 10.1109/37.648627 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA YY820 UT WOS:000072188800006 ER PT J AU Simpson, ML Paulus, MJ AF Simpson, ML Paulus, MJ TI Discriminator design considerations for time-interval measurement circuits in collider detector systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE collider detector systems; constant fraction discriminator; timing electronics; timing jitter ID FAST TIMING METHODS AB An analysis of timing jitter from leading-edge discriminators (LED's) and constant-fraction discriminators (CFD's) is presented, The jitter is calculated for the cases of random white noise, coherent noise (e.g., digital switching noise or ac power-line hum), and mixed (random and coherent) noise for both discriminator architectures. A general jitter equation valid for all of these conditions is derived, It is shown that the discriminator bandwidth for minimum jitter is strongly dependent on the amount of coherent noise, This effect is shown to be more pronounced for the LED. Even though off-line walk adjustments are possible for many timing measurements, the CFD is shown to provide a major advantage by acting as a correlated double sampler that removes much of the coherent noise expected in large, multichannel collider detector systems. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Simpson, ML (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 45 IS 1 BP 98 EP 104 DI 10.1109/23.659559 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA YY213 UT WOS:000072124600010 ER PT J AU Toney, JE Schlesinger, TE James, RB AF Toney, JE Schlesinger, TE James, RB TI Modeling and simulation of uniformity effects in Cd1-xZnxTe gamma-ray spectrometers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cadmium zinc telluride; material nonuniformity; Monte Carlo simulation; radiation detectors ID PERFORMANCE; DETECTORS AB Monte Carlo simulations of pulse height spectra for Cd1-xZnxTe detectors are used to investigate the effect of variations in alloy composition and carrier drift lengths on energy resolution, The results, which are based on a simple phenomenological model, show that these nonuniformities can have significant detrimental effects on spectrometer performance. For the case of Bridgman-grown material, the orientation of the growth axis relative to the detector axis is shown to be an important consideration, especially for crystals which come from the heel end of a boule, where the composition gradient due to zinc segregation is large, Other effects which we have simulated include growth striations, zinc segregation at grain boundaries, and trapping by inclusions and grain boundaries; each of these effects is detrimental to energy resolution, We conclude that material nonuniformity is a major obstacle to achieving statistically limited energy resolution in cadmium zinc telluride detectors. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Toney, JE (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 45 IS 1 BP 105 EP 113 DI 10.1109/23.659560 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA YY213 UT WOS:000072124600011 ER PT J AU Desprez, F Dongarra, J Petitet, A Randriamaro, C Robert, Y AF Desprez, F Dongarra, J Petitet, A Randriamaro, C Robert, Y TI Scheduling block-cyclic array redistribution SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE distributed arrays; redistribution; block-cyclic distribution; scheduling; MPI; HPF ID IMPLEMENTATION; COMMUNICATION; PERFORMANCE; COMPUTERS; DESIGN AB This article is devoted to the run-time redistribution of one-dimensional arrays that are distributed in a block-cyclic fashion over a processor grid. While previous studies have concentrated on efficiently generating the communication messages to be exchanged by the processors involved in the redistribution, we focus on the scheduling of those messages: how to organize the message exchanges into "structured" communication steps that minimize contention. We build upon results of Walker and Otto, who solved a particular instance of the problem, and we derive an optimal scheduling for the most general case, namely, moving from a CYCLIC (r) distribution on a P-processor grid to a CYCLIC (s) distribution on a Q-processor grid, for arbitrary values of the redistribution parameters P, Q, r, and s. C1 Ecole Normale Super Lyon, LIP, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. Univ Tennessee, Dept Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Math Sci Sect, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Desprez, F (reprint author), Ecole Normale Super Lyon, LIP, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 21 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1045-9219 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 9 IS 2 BP 192 EP 205 DI 10.1109/71.663945 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA YZ776 UT WOS:000072290500009 ER PT J AU Wang, ZD Lichtenberg, AJ Cohen, RH AF Wang, ZD Lichtenberg, AJ Cohen, RH TI Kinetic theory of stochastically heated RF capacitive discharges SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE capacitive RF discharge; kinetic theory; nonlocal kinetics ID GLOW-DISCHARGES; PLASMAS; SHEATH; ENERGY; MODEL AB Stochastic sheath healing is the dominant heating mechanism at low pressures for radio frequency (RF) capacitive discharges, It produces an electron energy probability distribution function (EEPF) that approximates a two-temperature Maxwellian, as seen in both experiments and numerical simulations, We have used the fundamental kinetic equation to obtain a space-and time-averaged kinetic equation. We assume that electrons with the chi component kinetic energy lower than a certain threshold Phi are prevented from interacting with the sheath heating fields. With these approximations and either a knowledge of the central density or an ansatz on Phi, we obtain a self-consistent solution for the quasiequilibrium discharge parameters valid for low pressures in argon. The results are compared to those found in experiments, yielding reasonable agreement. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wang, ZD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 26 IS 1 BP 59 EP 68 DI 10.1109/27.659533 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA YX424 UT WOS:000072038600009 ER PT J AU Winske, D Rosenberg, M AF Winske, D Rosenberg, M TI Nonlinear development of the dust acoustic instability in a collisional dusty plasma SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dusty plasmas; particle collisions; plasmas; plasma waves; plasma oscillations; plasma materials; simulation ID WAVES; CRYSTAL; MODEL; DYNAMICS; ECHOES AB We study the nonlinear behavior of the low-frequency dust acoustic instability in a collisional dusty plasma by means of particle simulations, The instability arises due to the streaming of plasma ions and neutrals relative to charged dust grains, According to linear theory, the presence of collisions between the plasma ions and a neutral gas background reduces the growth rate of the instability. Nonlinearly, however, the presence of drifting neutrals maintains the initial relative drift between plasma and dust ions until the unstable waves grow to large amplitude and collisions due to wave-particle interactions exceed the neutral collisions, As a result, stronger nonlinear effects, as manifested by enhanced fluctuations, larger amounts of plasma and dust heating, and a temporary reduction of the relative drift velocity, can occur in the presence of collisions. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Theoret & Computat Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Winske, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Theoret & Computat Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 41 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 5 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 26 IS 1 BP 92 EP 99 DI 10.1109/27.659537 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA YX424 UT WOS:000072038600013 ER PT J AU Anders, A AF Anders, A TI Ion charge state distributions of pulsed vacuum arcs - Interpretation of their temporal development SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ion charge state distribution; time-of-flight measurements; vacuum arcs ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; PLASMAS AB Ion charge states of vacuum arcs are enhanced at the beginning of each are pulse. The ion charge states drop with time and become steady-state after about 100 mu s, with some dependence on the cathode material. A reduction of ion charge states has been observed at the end of each are pulse. In this note it is shown that the charge-state-dependent ion drift velocity in the plasma expansion zone contributes to the effect measured by the time-of-flight method, although it is not solely responsible for it. A quantitative evaluation as well as literature data of other measuring methods prove the physical significance of the effects observed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Anders, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 26 IS 1 BP 118 EP 119 DI 10.1109/27.659541 PG 2 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA YX424 UT WOS:000072038600017 ER PT J AU Stine, BE Ouma, DO Divecha, RR Boning, DS Chung, JE Hetherington, DL Harwood, CR Nakagawa, OS Oh, SY AF Stine, BE Ouma, DO Divecha, RR Boning, DS Chung, JE Hetherington, DL Harwood, CR Nakagawa, OS Oh, SY TI Rapid characterization and modeling of pattern-dependent variation in chemical-mechanical polishing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE chemical-mechanical polishing; interconnect; pattern dependencies; spatial variation AB Pattern-dependent effects are a key concern in chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) processes, In oxide CMP, variation in the interlevel dielectric (ILD) thickness across each die and across the wafer can impact circuit performance and reduce yield. In this work, we present new test mask designs and associated measurement and analysis methods to efficiently characterize and model polishing behavior as a function of layout pattern factors-specifically area, pattern density, pitch, and perimeter/area effects, An important goal of this approach is rapid learning which requires rapid data collection. While the masks are applicable to a variety of CMP applications including back-end, shallow-trench, or damascene processes, in this study we focus on a typical interconnect oxide planarization process, and compare the pattern-dependent variation models for two different polishing pads, For the process and pads considered, we find that pattern density is a strongly dominant factor, while structure area, pitch, and perimeter/area (aspect ratio) play only a minor role. C1 MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Microsyst Technol Labs, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. IPEC Planar, Phoenix, AZ 85034 USA. Hewlett Packard Co, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Stine, BE (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Microsyst Technol Labs, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM boning@mtl.mit.edu NR 29 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0894-6507 J9 IEEE T SEMICONDUCT M JI IEEE Trans. Semicond. Manuf. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 11 IS 1 BP 129 EP 140 DI 10.1109/66.661292 PG 12 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA YV868 UT WOS:000071871500017 ER PT J AU Rohatgi, US Duffey, RB AF Rohatgi, US Duffey, RB TI Stability, DNB, and CHF in natural circulation two-phase flow SO INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL HEAT-FLUX; INSTABILITIES; CHANNELS; PRESSURE AB Using homogenous equilibrium theory, we obtained a closed-form solution for the stability region for parallel channels; and also derive the critical subcooling number which is the lowest for unstable flow. The theory shows that the roots give clearly the two boundaries for subcooled and saturated flows. Comparisons are made to a wide range of existing instability data, and simple working expressions derived for the stability limits. We also derive a new closed-form solution for the natural circulation flow in a loop with a downcomer. We show the fundamental parametric dependencies on the Loop loss coefficient and the ratio of the heated channel to downcomer heights. By plotting the natural-circulation loop flows on the stability map, we can determine where and if the channels will be unstable We postulate that the intersection of the stability and natural circulation flows also gives the criterion for the critical heat flux for natural circulation systems. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Adv Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ S Carolina, Res & Educ Fdn, Aiken, SC 29801 USA. RP Rohatgi, US (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Adv Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0735-1933 J9 INT COMMUN HEAT MASS JI Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 25 IS 2 BP 161 EP 174 DI 10.1016/S0735-1933(98)00003-7 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA YW762 UT WOS:000071971100002 ER PT J AU Moss, TS Peachey, NM Snow, RC Dye, RC AF Moss, TS Peachey, NM Snow, RC Dye, RC TI Multilayer metal membranes for hydrogen separation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article ID GAS-MIXTURES; PALLADIUM; ALLOYS AB A novel multilayer metal membrane has been developed that can be used for the separation of ultra-high purity hydrogen from impure feed streams. The membrane is comprised of very thin layers of dense palladium film deposited on both sides of a thin Group V metal foil, ion-mined prior to the deposition of the palladium. This membrane operates at elevated temperatures on the order of 300 degrees C and is capable of high rates of hydrogen flow. Flows are dependent on the pressure differential applied to the membrane, but flows of 100 standard cubic centimeters of hydrogen per minute per square centimeter of membrane and higher are regularly observed with differentials of under one atmosphere. Testing of the membrane for a period of 775 h showed stable flows under constant conditions. A membrane system has been successfully applied to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and was tested using a pseudo-reformate feed stream containing 1% carbon monoxide without any degradation in performance. (C) 1997 International Association for Hydrogen Energy. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Moss, TS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD FEB PY 1998 VL 23 IS 2 BP 99 EP 106 DI 10.1016/S0360-3199(97)00030-X PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA YQ659 UT WOS:000071410400004 ER PT J AU Kelly, T Nagel, K AF Kelly, T Nagel, K TI Relaxation criteria for iterated traffic simulations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS C LA English DT Article DE traffic; transportation; large scale simulations; shortest paths; relaxation ID SHORTEST LOOPLESS PATHS AB Iterative transportation microsimulations adjust traveler route plans by iterating between a microsimulation and a route planner. At each iteration, the route planner adjusts individuals' route choices based on the preceding microsimulations. Empirically, this process yields good results, but it is usually unclear when to stop the iterative process when modeling real-world traffic. This paper investigates several criteria to judge relaxation of the iterative process, emphasizing criteria related to traveler decision-making. C1 Univ Michigan, Adv Technol Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. RP Kelly, T (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Adv Technol Lab, 1101 Beal Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0129-1831 J9 INT J MOD PHYS C JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 9 IS 1 BP 113 EP 132 DI 10.1142/S0129183198000108 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA ZF705 UT WOS:000072923800009 ER PT J AU Mayer, B Rasmussen, S AF Mayer, B Rasmussen, S TI The lattice molecular automaton (LMA): A simulation system for constructive molecular dynamics SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS C LA English DT Article DE molecular dynamics; molecular self-assembly; lattice gas; discrete field automata AB Molecular self-assembly is frequently encountered in biochemical systems generating higher order structures with well-defined functionalities. However, the driving forces underlying these processes are not well understood. The Lattice Molecular Automaton (LMA) is a deterministic computational tool suitable for simulation of self-organization processes in large scale, molecular systems. This paper introduces the basic computational concepts needed to formulate molecular dynamics and self-assembly in a discrete field, cellular automaton environment: Molecular objects are encoded as data structures on a 2D triangular lattice. Propagating force particles together with kinetic and potential energy terms define simulation objects that specify molecular dynamics and force field properties. As an example, the simulation of polymer dynamics in an aqueous environment is shown. In this paper we focus on the mathematical and algorithmic formulation of a variety of intra- and intermolecular interactions. Thermodynamical characteristics together with a variety of other physico-chemical properties of the LMA are discussed in detail in Ref. 1. C1 Univ Vienna, UZAII, Inst Theoret Chem & Radiat Chem, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mayer, B (reprint author), Univ Vienna, UZAII, Inst Theoret Chem & Radiat Chem, Althanstr 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. EM bernd@asterix.msp.univie.ac.at; steen@lanl.gov NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0129-1831 J9 INT J MOD PHYS C JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 9 IS 1 BP 157 EP 177 DI 10.1142/S0129183198000133 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA ZF705 UT WOS:000072923800012 ER PT J AU Friedberg, W Faulkner, DN Neas, BR Darden, EB Parker, DE Hanneman, GD AF Friedberg, W Faulkner, DN Neas, BR Darden, EB Parker, DE Hanneman, GD TI Prenatal survival of mouse embryos irradiated in utero with fission neutrons or 250kV X-rays during the two-cell stage of development SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MALFORMATIONS; MICE AB Purpose: To investigate the relationship between radiation dose at the two-cell stage and prenatal survival. Materials and methods: Pregnant mice were irradiated with fast neutrons (0.53-1.94 Gy) or X-rays (1.50-5.00 Gy), or sham irradiated. Ar selected times up to gestation day 16, the mice were killed and the uterine contents examined. Results: At doses up to 0.82 Gy of neutrons and 2.50 Gy of X-rays, all or virtually all the radiation-induced deaths occurred during the period from the lime of implantation to gestation day 10. At higher doses an appreciable proportion of the deaths occurred after day 10. Many neutron-induced deaths in the period from implantation to day 10 occurred before day 7. A mathematical model was developed for estimating survival to gestation day 16 as a function of neutron dose. Conclusions: The mortality pattern, in which low radiation doses led to early deaths and high doses to both late and early deaths, suggests the existence of two lethal processes. The relationship between neutron dose and survival to gestation day 7 has been interpreted as indicating that the early deaths involved predominantly a two-event inactivation mechanism. An individual cell of a two-cell embryo was found to be less sensitive to lethal radiation injury than a pronuclear zygote. C1 Fed Aviat Adm, Civil Aeromed Inst, Oklahoma City, OK 73125 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Biol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Oklahoma City, OK 73190 USA. RP Friedberg, W (reprint author), Fed Aviat Adm, Civil Aeromed Inst, POB 25082, Oklahoma City, OK 73125 USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0955-3002 J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 73 IS 2 BP 233 EP 239 DI 10.1080/095530098142635 PG 7 WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA YW954 UT WOS:000071991400015 PM 9489572 ER PT J AU Jayaraman, S Hahn, GT Oliver, WC Bastias, PC AF Jayaraman, S Hahn, GT Oliver, WC Bastias, PC TI Determination of monotonic stress-strain curve of hard materials from ultra-low-load indentation tests SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS AB A method has been proposed to determine the stress-strain curve of hard materials from ultra-low-load indentation tests using geometrically similar indenters. The hardness-flow stress, and characteristic plastic strain-cone angle correlations, for conical indenters, were obtained from a number of calculations with different stress-strain curves using the finite element code ABAQUS. The flow stress values thus obtained, lie between that predicted by the slip line field theory and the spherical cavity expansion model: These correlations do not assume any deformation mode, and are thus valid for a wide range of hardness to elastic modulus ratio. The validity of the proposed method was checked by determining the monotonic stress-strain curve of 1070 steel from ultra-low-load indentation tests performed in the present study. Also, the stress-strain curves of copper and steel were obtained from macroscopic hardness values reported by Atkins and Tabor (Atkins, A.G. and Tabor, D. (1965) Plastic indentation in metals with cones. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 13, 149-164.). The predicted stress-strain curves agree well with the known properties of these materials. These correlations were then used to determine the monotonic stress-strain curve of silicon nitride. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Jayaraman, S (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,CTR MAT TRIBOL,221 KIRKLAND HALL,NASHVILLE,TN 37235, USA. NR 24 TC 93 Z9 93 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 35 IS 5-6 BP 365 EP 381 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(97)89371-7 PG 17 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA YJ840 UT WOS:A1998YJ84000001 ER PT J AU Iwase, M Kubo, S Idei, H Ohkubo, K Minami, T Wilgen, J AF Iwase, M Kubo, S Idei, H Ohkubo, K Minami, T Wilgen, J TI Statistical estimation of power deposition profile in electron cyclotron heated plasmas SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES & REVIEW PAPERS LA English DT Article DE modulation experiment; electron cyclotron heating; electron cyclotron emission; power balance analysis; power deposition profile AB The power deposition profile by modulated fundamental electron cyclotron heating is deduced with the confidence interval derived from the statistical treatment of experimental data. The second harmonic electron cyclotron emission is used for the measurement of electron temperature that is necessary in this analysis. It is shown that the resultant deposition profile is consistent with the prediction resulting from the ray tracing calculation, including the multireflection effect at the vessel wall. The local adiabatic time scale for the thermal diffusion is derived and the propriety of the time scale in the power balance analysis is confirmed, The statistical confidence interval implies a broad profile of the power absorption. The obtained results show the necessity of using the statistical approach for analysis of the experimental data. C1 Grad Univ Adv Studies, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Dept Fus Sci, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 46401, Japan. Natl Inst Fus Sci, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 46401, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Iwase, M (reprint author), Grad Univ Adv Studies, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Dept Fus Sci, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 46401, Japan. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS PI MINATO-KU TOKYO PA DAINI TOYOKAIJI BLDG 24-8 SHINBASHI 4-CHOME, MINATO-KU TOKYO, 105, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS 1 JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 - Regul. Pap. Short Notes Rev. Pap. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 37 IS 2 BP 678 EP 687 DI 10.1143/JJAP.37.678 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ZM273 UT WOS:000073522000056 ER PT J AU Taleyarkhan, RP AF Taleyarkhan, RP TI Preventing melt-water explosions SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Explosive interactions between molten aluminum and water are being studied at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory to determine the causes of explosion triggers and the extent of protection provided from various coatings in order to develop a fundamental, cost-effective methodology for prevention. The study includes experimentation and mathematical modeling of the interactions between molten metals and water on various coated and uncoated surfaces. Phenomenological issues related to surface wettability, gas generation from coatings, charring of coatings, inertial constraint, melt temperature, water temperature, and external shocks are being investigated systematically to gage their relative impact on the triggerability of surface-assisted steam explosions. A physics-based novel prevention methodology based on enhancing system stability via air (gas) injection at vulnerable locations has been developed and tested at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Taleyarkhan, RP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 50 IS 2 BP 35 EP 38 DI 10.1007/s11837-998-0246-1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA YW396 UT WOS:000071931100010 ER PT J AU Schwartz, AJ King, WE AF Schwartz, AJ King, WE TI The potential engineering of grain boundaries through thermomechanical processing SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ORIENTATION IMAGING MICROSCOPY; INTERGRANULAR CORROSION; MISORIENTATION; POLYCRYSTALS; TEXTURE; DESIGN AB Grain boundary character distribution is a relatively new microstructural feature that describes the proportions of random and special grain boundaries as defined by the coincident site lattice model. The combination of the availability of a new experimental technique based on the automatic indexing of backscatter Kikuchi electron diffraction patterns in the scanning electron microscope (orientation imaging microscopy) and reports in the literature describing the optimization of the grain boundary character distribution through thermomechanical processing are making the potential for enhanced materials properties in commercial metals and alloys a reality. Although the effects of optimizing the grain boundary character distribution in the cost-effective improvement of properties have been documented, the potential for commercialization has limited the disclosure of processing details. In this article, two separate approaches to the optimization of the grain boundary character distribution in oxygen-free electron copper at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory are discussed. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Schwartz, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 33 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 8 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 50 IS 2 BP 50 EP 55 DI 10.1007/s11837-998-0250-5 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA YW396 UT WOS:000071931100014 ER PT J AU Hunt, HB Marathe, MV Radhakrishnan, V Ravi, SS Rosenkrantz, DJ Stearns, RE AF Hunt, HB Marathe, MV Radhakrishnan, V Ravi, SS Rosenkrantz, DJ Stearns, RE TI NC-approximation schemes for NP- and PSPACE-hard problems for geometric graphs SO JOURNAL OF ALGORITHMS LA English DT Article ID UNIT DISK GRAPHS; PLANAR GRAPHS; ALGORITHMS; PACKING AB We present NC-approximation schemes for a number of graph problems when restricted to geometric graphs including unit disk graphs and graphs drawn in a civilized manner. Our approximation schemes exhibit the same time versus performance trade-off as the best known approximation schemes for planar graphs. We also define the concept of lambda-precision unit disk graphs and show that for such graphs the approximation schemes have a better time versus performance trade-off than the approximation schemes for arbitrary unit disk graphs. Moreover, compared to unit disk graphs, we show that for lambda-precision unit disk graphs many more graph problems have efficient approximation schemes. Our NC-approximation schemes can also be extended to obtain efficient NC-approximation schemes for several PSPACE-hard problems on unit disk graphs specified using a restricted version of the hierarchical specification language of Bentley, Ottmann, and Widmayer. The approximation schemes for hierarchically specified unit disk graphs presented in this paper are among the first approximation schemes in the literature for natural PSPACE-hard optimization problems. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 SUNY Albany, Dept Comp Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Hewlett Packard Co, Cupertino, CA 94014 USA. RP Hunt, HB (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Dept Comp Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. NR 49 TC 139 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0196-6774 J9 J ALGORITHM JI J. Algorithms PD FEB PY 1998 VL 26 IS 2 BP 238 EP 274 DI 10.1006/jagm.1997.0903 PG 37 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied; Logic SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA YZ115 UT WOS:000072221800002 ER PT J AU Wang, XL Spooner, S Hubbard, CR AF Wang, XL Spooner, S Hubbard, CR TI Theory of the peak shift anomaly due to partial burial of the sampling volume in neutron diffraction residual stress measurements SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID JOINT AB A theory is presented to describe the anomalous peak shift encountered in neutron diffraction residual stress measurements as the specimen is translated into and out of the sampling volume, which is defined by a pair of masking slits inserted before and after the specimen. Analytical formulae for the anomalous peak shift were obtained for both position-sensitive-detector-based diffractometers and conventional scanning diffractometers. The results indicate that the observed peak shift is a complex function of many variables, including the in-pile collimation, slit widths, slit-to-axis distances, mosaic spread of the monochromating crystal, and mismatch in lattice spacing between The sample and the monochromator. Calculations based on the derived analytical formulae are in good agreement with experimental observations. It is shown that by the choice of appropriate experimental conditions, this peak shift anomaly can be suppressed or, in some cases, eliminated altogether. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, XL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wangxl@ornl.gov RI Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010 OI Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777 NR 21 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 31 BP 52 EP 59 DI 10.1107/S0021889897008261 PN 1 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA ZM671 UT WOS:000073564200007 ER PT J AU Myers, SM Knapp, JA Follstaedt, DM Dugger, MT AF Myers, SM Knapp, JA Follstaedt, DM Dugger, MT TI Mechanical properties of nickel ion-implanted with titanium and carbon and their relation to microstructure SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FRICTION BEHAVIOR; 52100 STEEL; TI; FE; MICROMECHANICS; IRON; WEAR; NI AB Dual ion implantation of titanium and carbon into nickel was shown to produce an amorphous layer with exceptionally high strength and hardness and substantially improved tribological properties. Indentations testing at submicrometer penetrations combined with finite-element modeling permitted quantification of the intrinsic elastic and plastic properties of the amorphous layer, which was found to have a yield strength near 5 GPa. During unlubricated sliding contact with a steel pin, the implantation treatment reduced friction, suppressed adhesion-and-fracture wear, and reduced wear depth. These tribological effects may enhance the performance and lifetime of microelectromechanical systems constructed from nickel. [SO021-8979(98)09303-7]. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Myers, SM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 40 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 3 BP 1256 EP 1264 DI 10.1063/1.366823 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YU523 UT WOS:000071726400015 ER PT J AU Millis, AJ Darling, T Migliori, A AF Millis, AJ Darling, T Migliori, A TI Quantifying strain dependence in "colossal" magnetoresistance manganites SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-EXCHANGE; PRESSURE; LA1-XSRXMNO3; RESISTIVITY; PEROVSKITES; TRANSPORT AB Experimental, phenomenological, and theoretical analyses are given of the dependence on strain of the ferromagnetic T(c) of the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) rare earth manganese perovskites. It is found that T(c) is extremely sensitive to biaxial strain; by implication other physical properties are also. The results indicate that biaxial strain is an important variable which must be considered in the design of devices based on thin films and provide evidence in favor of the relevance of the Jahn-Teller electron-phonon coupling to the CMR phenomenon. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(97)07224-1]. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Millis, AJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM millis@pha.jhu.edu NR 24 TC 335 Z9 338 U1 6 U2 55 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 3 BP 1588 EP 1591 DI 10.1063/1.367310 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YU523 UT WOS:000071726400066 ER PT J AU Berryman, JG AF Berryman, JG TI Planar spatial correlations, anisotropy, and specific surface area of stationary random porous media SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 2-POINT CORRELATION-FUNCTIONS; FLUID PERMEABILITY AB An earlier result of the author showed that an anisotropic spatial correlation function of a random porous medium could be used to compute the specific surface area when it is stationary as well as anisotropic by first performing a three-dimensional radial average and then taking the first derivative with respect to lag at the origin. This result generalized the earlier result for isotropic porous media of Debye et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 28, 679 (1957)]. The present article provides more detailed information about the use of spatial correlation functions for anisotropic porous media and in particular shows that, for stationary anisotropic media, the specific surface area can be related to the derivative of the two-dimensional radial average of the correlation function measured from cross sections taken through the anisotropic medium. The main concept is first illustrated using a simple pedagogical example for an anisotropic distribution of spherical voids. Then, a general derivation of formulas relating the derivative of the planar correlation functions to surface integrals is presented. When the surface normal is uniformly distributed (as is the case for any distribution of spherical voids), our formulas can be used to relate a specific surface area to easily measurable quantities from any single cross section. When the surface normal is not distributed uniformly (as would be the case for an oriented distribution of ellipsoidal voids), our results show how to obtain valid estimates of specific surface area by averaging measurements on three orthogonal cross sections. One important general observation for porous media is that the surface area from nearly flat cracks may be underestimated from measurements on orthogonal cross sections if any of the cross sections happen to lie in the plane of the cracks. This result is illustrated by taking the very small aspect ratio (penny-shaped crack) limit of an oblate spheroid, but holds for other types of flat surfaces as well. [S0021-8979(98)06503-7]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Berryman, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808 L-202, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Berryman, James/A-9712-2008 NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 3 BP 1685 EP 1693 DI 10.1063/1.366885 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YU523 UT WOS:000071726400082 ER PT J AU Cheong, HM Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Geisz, JF Olson, JM AF Cheong, HM Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Geisz, JF Olson, JM TI Low-temperature cleaved-edge polarized-photoluminescence studies of spontaneously ordered GaInP2 alloys SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BAND; STRAIN; LASERS AB We report low-temperature polarized-photoluminescence (PL) measurements on (110) cleaved edges of ordered GaInP2 alloys. By comparing the intensity of the forbidden PL polarized along the ordering axis with that of the allowed PL polarized orthogonal to the ordering axis, we study the effect of coulomb interaction on the excitonic transition rate. The experimentally obtained polarization ratios of 13-20 are consistent with calculations based on an eight-band k . p model. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(98)08903-8]. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Cheong, HM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Cheong, Hyeonsik/D-7424-2012 OI Cheong, Hyeonsik/0000-0002-2347-4044 NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 3 BP 1773 EP 1775 DI 10.1063/1.366898 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YU523 UT WOS:000071726400096 ER PT J AU Flagg, CN Schwartze, G Gottlieb, E Rossby, T AF Flagg, CN Schwartze, G Gottlieb, E Rossby, T TI Operating an acoustic Doppler current profiler aboard a container vessel SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GULF-STREAM; TRANSPORT AB Since October 1992 an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) has been in near-continuous operation on board a 118-m-long container vessel, the container motor vessel Oleander, which operates on a weekly schedule between Port Elizabeth, New Jersey, and Hamilton, Bermuda. The ADCP collects information on currents from the surface to depths as great as 404 m depending on zooplankton concentrations, ship's speed, sea state conditions, and the ship's load factor. The southbound transits provide more and better data because the ship is loaded and rides deeper resulting in less bubble formation and entrainment underneath the vessel. Installation and operation of an ADCP on a cargo ship has involved a number of factors not typical of research vessels. Providing a data acquisition system that could operate on its own without assistance from the ship's officers and that could recover from problems was the first issue. Isolating and removing electrical transients from the ship's electrical system was extremely challenging. The presence of bubbles underneath the vessel due to variable draft and in heavy weather conditions significantly limits the performance of the ADCP. These difficulties not withstanding, the system is working well and is delivering good data on the southbound legs in most weather conditions and on the northbound legs under more favorable weather conditions. Starling in 1995, differential and attitudinal global positioning system enhancements have made significant improvements to navigational accuracy and ship's heading data. C1 Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02881 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rossby, T (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett Bay Campus, Narragansett, RI 02881 USA. NR 16 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 15 IS 1 BP 257 EP 271 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1998)015<0257:OAADCP>2.0.CO;2 PN 2 PG 15 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA YV253 UT WOS:000071804700003 ER PT J AU Dikanov, SA Bowman, MK AF Dikanov, SA Bowman, MK TI Determination of ligand conformation in reduced [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin from cysteine beta-proton hyperfine couplings SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 2D ESEEM; HYSCORE; iron-sulfur cluster; cysteine conformation; proton isotropic hyperfine constant ID IRON-SULFUR CLUSTERS; SPIN-ECHO SPECTROSCOPY; SPIRULINA-PLATENSIS; REDOX POTENTIALS; PROTEINS; RESONANCE; ESEEM; RESOLUTION; MODEL; FOLD AB The isotropic hyperfine couplings of cysteine beta-protons in iron-sulfur clusters of proteins provide information about the structure and conformation of the clusters if their magnetic resonance peaks can be resolved and assigned. The application of two-dimensional ESEEM (HYSCORE) spectroscopy to the reduced [2Fe-2S] cluster in ferredoxin from red marine algae Porfira umbilicalis is described. After deuterium substitution of the exchangeable protons, highly-resolved, orientationally-selected HYSCORE spectra show cross-peaks from strongly coupled, nonexchangeable protons. When cross-peaks from all the HYSCORE spectra are linearized and transformed to a common nuclear Zeeman frequency, they fall along five straight lines. Four of these sets of peaks are assigned to beta-protons of the cysteine ligands. The isotropic and anisotropic hyperfine couplings for these protons are extracted from the slopes and intercepts of these lines. Two rescaling procedures are examined for the conversion of the experimentally measured isotropic couplings from different irons in [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] clusters. The couplings from P. umbilicalis appear to fit the same empirical dependence on Fe-S-C-H dihedral angle as do the couplings from a [4Fe-4S] model cluster. A method to assign protons for proteins of unknown structure is proposed that yields the correct assignment as derived from the crystal structure of the highly homologous protein from Spirulina platensis. The conformations of the cysteines in the reduced protein, derived without any adjustable parameters from this procedure and the empirical functions, are consistent with those reported for the latest refinement of the crystal structure of the oxidized protein. C1 SUNY Binghamton, Dept Chem, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dikanov, SA (reprint author), SUNY Binghamton, Dept Chem, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. RI Bowman, Michael/F-4265-2011 OI Bowman, Michael/0000-0003-3464-9409 NR 36 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0949-8257 J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 3 IS 1 BP 18 EP 29 DI 10.1007/s007750050204 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA ZA977 UT WOS:000072421900003 ER PT J AU Puso, MA Weiss, JA AF Puso, MA Weiss, JA TI Finite element implementation of anisotropic quasi-linear viscoelasticity using a discrete spectrum approximation SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE; BEHAVIOR; TENDON; DEFORMATION; MYOCARDIUM; ELASTICITY; MUSCLE; TISSUE; MODEL AB The objective of this work was to develop a theoretical and computational framework to apply the finite element method to anisotropic viscoelastic soft tissues, The quasilinear viscoelastic (QLV) theory provided the basis for the development. To allow efficient and easy computational implementation, a discrete spectrum approximation was developed for the QLV relaxation function. This approximation provided a graphic means to fit experimental data with an exponential series. A transversely isotropic hyperelastic material model developed for ligaments and tendons was used for the elastic response, The viscoelastic material model was implemented in a general-purpose, nonlinear finite element program. Test problems were analyzed to assess the performance of the discrete spectrum approximation and the accuracy of the finite element implementation. Results indicated that the formulation can reproduce the anisotropy and time-dependent material behavior observed in soft tissues. Application of the formulation to the analysis of the human femur-medial collateral ligament-tibia complex demonstrated the ability of the formulation to analyze large three-dimensional problems in the mechanics of biological joints. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Methods Dev Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Orthoped Specialty Hosp, Orthoped Biomech Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84107 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Bioengn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Puso, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Methods Dev Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 37 TC 73 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 23 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0148-0731 J9 J BIOMECH ENG-T ASME JI J. Biomech. Eng.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 1998 VL 120 IS 1 BP 62 EP 70 DI 10.1115/1.2834308 PG 9 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA YZ915 UT WOS:000072307300011 PM 9675682 ER PT J AU Mariappan, SVS Silks, LA Chen, X Springer, PA Wu, RL Moyzis, RK Bradbury, EM Garcia, AE Gupta, G AF Mariappan, SVS Silks, LA Chen, X Springer, PA Wu, RL Moyzis, RK Bradbury, EM Garcia, AE Gupta, G TI Solution structures of the Huntington's disease DNA triplets, (CAG)(n) SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; FRAGILE-X; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; BASE PAIR; REPEATS; INSTABILITY; HAIRPIN; SEQUENCES; GENES AB Highly polymorphic DNA triplet repeats, (CAG)(n), are located inside the first exon of the Huntington's disease gene. Inordinate expansion of this repeat is correlated with the onset and progression of the disease. NMR spectroscopy, gel electrophoresis, digestion by single-strand specific P1 enzyme, and in vitro replication assay have been used to investigate the structural basis of (CAG)(n) expansion. Nondenaturing gel electrophoresis and 1D H-1 NMR studies of (CAG)(5) and (CAG)(6) reveal the presence of hairpins and mismatched duplexes as the major and minor populations respectively. However, at high DNA concentrations (i.e., 1.0-2.0 mM that is typically required for 2D NMR experiments) both (CAG)(5) and (CAG)(6) exist predominantly in mismatched duplex forms. Mismatched duplex structures of (CAG)(5) and (CAG)(6) are useful, because they adequately model the stem of the biologically relevant hairpins formed by (CAG)(n). We, therefore, performed detailed NMR spectroscopic studies on the duplexes of (CAG)(5) and (CAG)(6). We also studied a model duplex, (CGCAGCG)(2) that contains the underlined building block of the duplex. This duplex shows the following structural characteristics: (i) all the nucleotides are in (C2'-endo, anti) conformations, (ii) mismatched A.A base pairs are flanked by two Watson-Crick G.C base pairs and (iii) A.A base pairs are stably stacked (and intra-helical) and are formed by a single N6-H-N1 hydrogen bond. The nature of A.A pairing is confirmed by temperature-dependent HMQC and HMQC-NOESY experiments on the [(CA*G(5)](2) duplex where the adenines are N-15-labeled at N6. Temperature-and pH-dependent imino proton spectra, nondenaturing electrophoresis, and P1 digestion data demonstrate that under a wide range of solution conditions longer (CAG)(n) repeats (n greater than or equal to 10) exist exclusively in hairpin conformation with two single-stranded loops. Finally, an in vitro replication assay with (CAG)(8,21) inserts in the M13 single-stranded DNA templates shows a replication bypass for the (CAG)(21) insert but not for the (CAG)(8) insert in the template. This demonstrates that for a sufficiently long insert (n=21 in this case), a hairpin is formed by the (CAG)(n) even in presence of its complementary strand. This observation implies that the formation of hairpin by the (CAG)(n) may cause slippage during replication and thus may explain the observed length polymorphism. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Stable Isotope Resource, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Gupta, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Stable Isotope Resource, T-10,MS K710,CST-4, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gxg@syna/ose.lanl.gov NR 50 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU ADENINE PRESS INC PI GUILDERLAND PA PO BOX 355/340, GUILDERLAND, NY 12084 USA SN 0739-1102 J9 J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN JI J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 15 IS 4 BP 723 EP + PG 21 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA YY728 UT WOS:000072177900009 PM 9514249 ER PT J AU Chen, X Mariappan, SVS Moyzis, RK Bradbury, EM Gupta, G AF Chen, X Mariappan, SVS Moyzis, RK Bradbury, EM Gupta, G TI Hairpin induced slippage and hyper-methylation of the fragile X DNA triplets SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-DISEASE; GENETIC INSTABILITY; CGG REPEAT; REGION; METHYLTRANSFERASE; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSCRIPTION; REPLICATION; EXPRESSION; SEQUENCES AB The fragile X triplet repeats, (GCC)(n) .(GGC)(n), are located at the 5' untranslated region of the FMR-1 gene. Inordinate repeat expansion and hyper-methylation of the CpG islands inside the repeat lead to the suppression of the FMR-1 gene and the subsequent onset and progression of the disease. Previously, we have shown that the (GCC)(n) strand of the fragile X repeat readily forms hairpin structures under physiological conditions (Chen et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92:5199-5203, 1995; Mariappan et al., Nucl. Acid Res. 24:784-792, 1996). Here, we show by an in vitro assay that formation of the (GCC)n hairpins leads to slippage during replication. The slippage structure is a three-way junction with two Watson-Crick, (GCC)(n) .(GGC)(n), arms and a third (GCC)(n) hairpin arm. Formation of such slippage structures during replication may explain the observed length polymorphism of the fragile X repeat. We have also studied the substrate efficiency of these three-way junctions toward the human methyltransferase, the enzyme that methylates the CpG sites in DNA. These methylation studies show that the slippage structures induced by the (GCC)(n) hairpins are 10-15 times more efficient substrates than either the corresponding Watson-Crick duplexes or the (GCC)(n) hairpins. We demonstrate by appropriate designs that the exceptional substrate efficiency of the three-way junction slippage structures is due to two factors: (i) the presence of the (GCC)(n) hairpin in which CpG sites are more accessible for methylation than the CpG sites in the Watson-Crick duplex and (ii) the ability of the (GCC)(n) hairpin in these three-way junctions to move along the Watson-Crick arms that facilitates conversion of low-affinity Watson-Crick CpG sites into high-affinity hairpin CpG sites. Therefore, we suggest that the formation of the (GCC)(n) hairpins during replication can explain both length polymorphism and hyper-methylation of the fragile X repeats. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Human Genome Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Gupta, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, T-10,MS-K710,LS-2,MS 880, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 33 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 3 PU ADENINE PRESS INC PI GUILDERLAND PA PO BOX 355/340, GUILDERLAND, NY 12084 USA SN 0739-1102 J9 J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN JI J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 15 IS 4 BP 745 EP 756 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA YY728 UT WOS:000072177900010 PM 9514250 ER PT J AU Lane, NE Thompson, JM Haupt, D Kimmel, DB Modin, G Kinney, JH AF Lane, NE Thompson, JM Haupt, D Kimmel, DB Modin, G Kinney, JH TI Acute changes in trabecular bone connectivity and osteoclast activity in the ovariectomized rat in vivo SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CANCELLOUS BONE; LUMBAR VERTEBRA; IN-VIVO; OSTEOPOROSIS; TURNOVER; ESTROGEN; VOLUME; HISTOMORPHOMETRY; IMMOBILIZATION; PREVENTION AB Estrogen deficiency results in a loss of trabecular bone mass and structure that leads to an increased incidence of osteoporotic fractures, The purpose of this study was to determine the time course for trabecular structure deterioration and changes in bone turnover just after ovariectomy in the rat, Six-month-old female virgin Sprague-Dawley rats had their right proximal tibia scanned by X-ray tomographic microscopy (XTM) at baseline (day 0), Animals were then randomized into two groups, and in each group 9 were sham-operated and 11 were ovariectomized and had repeat XTM scans on days 5, 13, 29, and 42 postovariectomy in group 1 and on days 8, 13, 33, and 50 postovariectomy in group 2, Urine was collected for deoxypyridinoline (DPD) cross-link measurements 24 h before each XTM scan and analyzed by ELISA. Trabecular bone structural variables and bone turnover endpoints were calculated from XTM data and standard histomorphometry. Trabecular connectivity decreased 27% by days 5 and 8 postovariectomy (p < 0.01) and continued to decrease up to day 50 postovariectomy (p < 0.01), The trabecular bone volume decreased 25% by 8 days postovariectomy (p < 0.01), and it continued to decrease through day 50, DPD cross-link excretion had increased 37% on day 13 (p < 0.01) and by over 100% of baseline by day 50 postovariectomy. Trabecular bone connectivity and volume deteriorate rapidly while DPD cross-link excretion increased more slowly in acute estrogen deficiency, These data suggest that if an agent is to preserve fully trabecular bone structure, it must be instituted very early in the estrogen-deficient state, They also suggest that a lag time exists before DPD excretion properly mirrors newly induced conditions of high bone turnover in this rat model. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Rheumatol, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Osteoporosis Res Ctr, Omaha, NE USA. RP Lane, NE (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Rheumatol, Dept Med, Box 0868, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [1-R01-AR 43052] NR 41 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 13 IS 2 BP 229 EP 236 DI 10.1359/jbmr.1998.13.2.229 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA YV506 UT WOS:000071831900008 PM 9495515 ER PT J AU Somorjai, GA Rupprechter, G AF Somorjai, GA Rupprechter, G TI The flexible surface: Molecular studies explain the extraordinary diversity of surface chemical properties SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article ID SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; 2ND HARMONIC-GENERATION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; PT(111); INTERFACES; MICROSCOPY; SCIENCE; ETHYLIDYNE; CATALYSTS C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 67 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 75 IS 2 BP 162 EP 176 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA YT601 UT WOS:000071623400016 ER PT J AU Hu, MZC Harris, MT Byers, CH AF Hu, MZC Harris, MT Byers, CH TI Nucleation and growth for synthesis of nanometric zirconia particles by forced hydrolysis SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nucleation; growth; nanoparticles; zirconia; forced hydrolysis ID INDUCED COLLOID AGGREGATION; POWDERS; ZRO2; POLYMERIZATION; PRECIPITATION; CHLORIDE; SPHERES; GELS AB Monodispersed nanoscale metal oxide powders are important precursors for the preparation of advanced ceramics with uniform nanostructures and properties. Hydrous zirconia particles in nanometer dimensions were synthesized via forced hydrolysis, that is, homogeneous hydrolysis and controlled hydrothermal polymerization/condensation of zirconium tetramers in aqueous solutions of zirconyl inorganic salt. This thermohydrolytic route uses inexpensive starting chemicals-that is, inorganic metal salt, which makes the forced-hydrolysis approach more competitive than other sol-gel routes using metal alkoxides. Hydrothermal treatment of zirconyl salt solutions (0.01 to 0.075 M) produced nanocrystalline monoclinic ZrO2 powder with a narrow size distribution. The hydrous zirconium oxide particles are somewhat porous, cube-shaped aggregates of small crystallites (< 5 nm). The nucleation and nanoparticle growth in zirconyl chloride aqueous solutions( 100 degrees C) was successfully monitored with a custom-designed, low-power dynamic laser light-scattering spectrophotometer. Extensive experimental evidence strongly supports the position that particle growth is mainly via an aggregation mechanism. On the other hand, the growth kinetics are controlled by the coupled events involving polymerization/condensation and colloidal coagulation. Both the controlled-reaction and the controlled-aggregation approaches were studied to reduce the induction period for nucleation as well as to enhance particle growth kinetics. The present study of the synthesis process and the characterization of nanosize powders constitute prerequisite steps for fabrication of dense, nanophase zirconia materials (with grain size on the order of 1 to 100 nm) that are expected to have improved mechanical and thermomechanical stability at elevated temperatures. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Hu, MZC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Hu, Michael/0000-0001-8461-9684 NR 47 TC 86 Z9 89 U1 8 U2 89 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 198 IS 1 BP 87 EP 99 DI 10.1006/jcis.1997.5290 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA YZ935 UT WOS:000072309900010 ER PT J AU Rustad, JR Wasserman, E Felmy, AR Wilke, C AF Rustad, JR Wasserman, E Felmy, AR Wilke, C TI Molecular dynamics study of proton binding to silica surfaces SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE quartz; surfaces; interfaces; solvation; surface acidity; molecular dynamics ID SOLID-SOLUTION INTERFACE; ALPHA-QUARTZ SURFACE; STATICS CALCULATIONS; WATER INTERFACE; MODEL; ADSORPTION; PREDICTION; CONSTANTS; OXIDES; (HYDR)OXIDES AB Molecular statics calculations on gas-phase and solvated clusters and on gas-phase and solvated slabs representing aqueous species and surfaces were applied to investigate acid/base reactions on silica surfaces. Our gas-phase approach, which was previously applied to goethite, predicts a surface pK(a) of 8.5 for the reaction >SiOH-->>SiO- + H+ which is in good agreement with estimates based on potentiometric titration. However, the model gives an unrealistically large pK(a) for the reaction >SiOH2+ --> >SiOH + H+. The model dependence of this result was checked by using two different types of interaction potentials, one based on quantum mechanical calculations on H4SiO4 clusters, and another empirical model fitted to the structure and elastic properties of Lu-quartz. Because these models gave similar results, we hypothesize that the failure of the gas-phase models is due to intrinsic solvation effects not accounted for by our previously developed correlations. We tested this idea by carrying out energy minimization calculations on gas-phase clusters with one hydration shell as well as molecular dynamics simulations on fully-solvated H5SiO4+ and a fully solvated (0001) surface of beta-quartz. Though we are unable to establish a quantitative measure of the pK(a) of SiOH2 groups, the solvated systems do indicate that SiOH groups do not protonate in any of our solvated models. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Rustad, JR (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Mail Stop K8-96,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 29 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 4 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 198 IS 1 BP 119 EP 129 DI 10.1006/jcis.1997.5195 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA YZ935 UT WOS:000072309900014 ER PT J AU Field, RV Bergman, LA AF Field, RV Bergman, LA TI Reliability-based approach to linear covariance control design SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS-ASCE LA English DT Article AB An extension to classical covariance control methods introduced by Skelton and coworkers, is proposed specifically for application to the control of civil engineering structures subjected to random dynamic excitations. The covariance structure of the system is developed directly from specification of its reliability via the assumption of independent (Poisson) outcrossings of its stationary response process from a polyhedral safe region. This leads to a set of state covariance controllers, each of which guarantees that the closed-loop system will possess the specified level of reliability. Several example problems are considered. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Struct Dynam & Vibrat Control Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Field, RV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Struct Dynam & Vibrat Control Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. OI Field, Richard/0000-0002-2765-7032 NR 16 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9399 J9 J ENG MECH-ASCE JI J. Eng. Mech.-ASCE PD FEB PY 1998 VL 124 IS 2 BP 193 EP 199 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA YT178 UT WOS:000071573300010 ER PT J AU van der Hoek, L Sol, CJA Maas, J Lukashov, VV Kuiken, CL Goudsmit, J AF van der Hoek, L Sol, CJA Maas, J Lukashov, VV Kuiken, CL Goudsmit, J TI Genetic differences between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subpopulations in faeces and serum SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID V3 DOMAIN; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; T-LYMPHOCYTES; RISK-FACTORS; HIV-1; GP120; SEQUENCES; BLOOD AB To study human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) compartmentalization between intestine and blood, paired faecal and serum samples were collected from 204 HIV-l-infected persons. Direct sequencing of the gp120 V3 region obtained from 33 persons showed that faecal and serum sequences could be nearly homologous (0.3% different) or very dissimilar (11.3% different). Individual clones were obtained and sequenced from the faecal and serum samples of 13 persons. In 6 persons the HIV-1 subpopulations in faeces and serum were similar, whereas in 7 persons, distribution of V3 genotypes showed a marked difference. Genetic characterization of the HIV-1 subpopulations showed less heterogeneity in faecal subpopulations than in serum subpopulations in 5 of the 7 subjects, Furthermore, faecal and serum subpopulations differed predominantly by nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions (in 6 of 7 persons). Comparison of the HIV-1 subpopulations in faeces and serum of these 7 persons, using resampling techniques, revealed a significant difference between faecal and serum subpopulations at an N-linked glycosylation site, C-terminal of the V3 loop (amino acids 331-333), Sequences from faecal subpopulations of all 7 persons contained a glycosyIation site at amino acid position 331-333. Four of these 7 harboured serum variants lacking a glycosylation site at this position. The faecal subpopulations in these 4 persons showed limited nonsynonymous substitutions compared to synonymous substitutions, indicating that purifying selection is operational on these subpopulations. C1 Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Human Retrovirol, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Med Microbiol, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP van der Hoek, L (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Human Retrovirol, Meibergdreef 9, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG7 1AE SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 79 BP 259 EP 267 PN 2 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA YV258 UT WOS:000071805200006 PM 9472610 ER PT J AU Riley, P Gosling, JT McComas, DJ Forsyth, RJ AF Riley, P Gosling, JT McComas, DJ Forsyth, RJ TI Ulysses observations of a "density hole" in the high-speed solar wind SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA AB Ulysses observations at mid and high heliographic latitudes have revealed a solar wind devoid of the large variations in density, temperature, and speed that are commonly observed at low latitudes. One event, however, observed on May 1, 1996, while Ulysses was located at similar to 3.7 AU and 38.5 degrees, stands out in the plasma data set. The structure, which is unique in the Ulysses high-latitude data set, is seen as a drop in proton density of almost an order of magnitude and a comparable rise in proton temperature. The event lasts similar to 3 1/2 hours giving the structure a size of similar to 9.6 x 10(6) km (0.06 AU) along the spacecraft trajectory. Minimum variance analysis; of this interval indicates that the angle between the average magnetic field direction and the minimum variance direction is similar to 92 degrees, suggesting that the "density hole" may be approximated by a series of planar slabs separated by several tangential discontinuities. We discuss several possible explanations for the origin of this structure, but ultimately the origin of the density hole remains unknown. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. RP Riley, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM uk2@lanl.gov; jgosling@lanl.gov; dmccomas@lanl.gov; r.forsyth@ic.ac.uk NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A2 BP 1933 EP 1940 DI 10.1029/97JA02142 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA YV622 UT WOS:000071845800005 ER PT J AU Gosling, JT Riley, P McComas, DJ Pizzo, VJ AF Gosling, JT Riley, P McComas, DJ Pizzo, VJ TI Overexpanding coronal mass ejections at high heliographic latitudes: Observations and simulations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPEED SOLAR-WIND; INTERACTION REGIONS; ULYSSES; SHOCK; DRIVEN AB Ulysses observations reveal that most coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed in the solar wind far from the Sun at high heliographic latitudes have large radial widths and are still expanding as they pass the spacecraft. CME radial widths ranging between 0.5 and 2.5 AU have been observed at heliocentric distances between 1.4 and 4.6 AU and at latitudes greater than 22 degrees. A CME may expand simply because it is ejected from the Sun with a leading edge speed that is greater than its trailing edge speed. Rarefaction waves produced by relative motion between a CME and the surrounding wind also can cause a CME to expand. Finally, a CME may expand because it is ejected into the wind with an internal pressure that is greater than that of the surrounding wind. In the latter case, which we have called "overexpansion," the expansion tends to drive compressive waves into the surrounding solar wind; these waves commonly steepen into shocks at large distances from the Sun. The relative importance of these various expansion processes differs from event to event depending upon initial conditions within the CME and the surrounding wind. Using Ulysses observations and a simple one-dimensional, gasdynamic code, we have explored how initial conditions affect the radial evolution of solar wind disturbances associated with overexpanding CMEs. We find good qualitative agreement between the results of our simulations and Ulysses observations of such disturbances. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NOAA, Space Environm Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Gosling, JT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jgosling@lanl.gov NR 34 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A2 BP 1941 EP 1954 DI 10.1029/97JA01304 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA YV622 UT WOS:000071845800006 ER PT J AU McComas, DJ Riley, P Gosling, JT Balogh, A Forsyth, R AF McComas, DJ Riley, P Gosling, JT Balogh, A Forsyth, R TI Ulysses' rapid crossing of the polar coronal hole boundary SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-WIND; PLASMA; STREAM AB The Ulysses spacecraft crossed from the slow dense solar wind characteristic of the solar streamer belt into the fast, less dense flow from the northern polar coronal hole over a very short interval (several days) in late March 1995. The spacecraft, which was at 1.35 AU and similar to 19 degrees north heliographic latitude, moving northward in its orbit, remained in the fast solar wind from then through summer 1996. This boundary crossing is unique in that the combination of the spacecraft motion and rotation of the structure past the spacecraft caused Ulysses to move smoothly and completely from one regime into the other. In this study we examine this crossing in detail. The crossing is marked by a region of enhanced pressure, typical of stream interaction regions, which extends similar to 2x10(7) km across. We find that the transition between the slow and fast regimes occurs on several temporal, and hence spatial, scales. On the shortest scale (<8x10(4) km) the stream interface is a tangential discontinuity where the proton and core electron densities and ion and electron pressures all drop while the magnetic pressure jumps to maintain a rough pressure balance. The alpha to proton ratio also jumps across the stream interface to reach the comparatively constant polar hole value of similar to 4.3%. On larger scales (a few x10(6) km) the proton and alpha temperatures rise to their high-speed wind values. Finally, on the largest scale (similar to 10(8) km) the solar wind speed ramps up from similar to 400 km s(-1) to similar to 750 km s(-1), typical of polar hole flows. While it seems likely that the stream interface maps back to a sharp boundary near the Sun, the large region of increasing flow speed suggests that there is also an extended gradient in solar wind source speed close to the Sun. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. RP McComas, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, NIS-1,MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 15 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A2 BP 1955 EP 1967 DI 10.1029/97JA01459 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA YV622 UT WOS:000071845800007 ER PT J AU Desai, MI Marsden, RG Sanderson, TR Balogh, A Forsyth, RJ Gosling, JT AF Desai, MI Marsden, RG Sanderson, TR Balogh, A Forsyth, RJ Gosling, JT TI Particle acceleration at corotating interaction regions in the three-dimensional heliosphere SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY SHOCK-WAVES; SOLAR-WIND; ULYSSES OBSERVATIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ECLIPTIC-PLANE; ENERGETIC PARTICLES; ION-ACCELERATION; COSMIC-RAYS; PROTONS; ENHANCEMENTS AB We have investigated the relationship between the energetic (similar to 1 MeV) proton intensity (J) and the magnetic compression ratio (C) measured at the trailing edges of corotating interaction regions observed at Ulysses. In general, our results show that the proton intensity was well correlated with the compression ratio, provided that the seed intensity remained constant, consistent with predictions of the Fermi model. Specifically, our results indicate that particles were accelerated to above similar to 1 MeV in energy at or near the trailing edges of the compression regions observed in the midlatitude southern heliosphere, irrespective of whether the bounding reverse shocks were present or not. On the basis of this, we conclude that shock acceleration is probably not the only mechanism by which particles are accelerated to above similar to 1 MeV in energy at compression or interaction regions (CIRs). On the basis of magnetic field measurements obtained near the trailing edges of several midlatitude CIRs, we propose that particles could have been accelerated via the Fermi mechanism by being scattered back and forth across the trailing edges of the compression regions by large-amplitude Alfven waves. Our results also show that the proton intensity was well correlated with the compression ratio during low solar activity periods but was essentially independent of C during periods of high solar activity. We suggest that the correlation between J and C was not observed during solar active periods because of significant variations in the seed intensity that result from sporadic contributions from transient solar events. In contrast, the correlation was observable during quiescent periods probably because contributions from transients had decreased dramatically, which allowed the CIRs to accelerate particles out of a seed population whose intensity remained relatively unperturbed. C1 European Space Agcy, Dept Space Sci, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Desai, MI (reprint author), European Space Agcy, Dept Space Sci, Postbus 299, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. NR 55 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 103 IS A2 BP 2003 EP 2014 DI 10.1029/97JA02529 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA YV622 UT WOS:000071845800011 ER PT J AU Graham, BS McElrath, MJ Connor, RI Schwartz, DH Gorse, GJ Keefer, MC Mulligan, MJ Matthews, TJ Wolinsky, SM Montefiori, DC Vermund, SH Lambert, JS Corey, L Belshe, RB Dolin, R Wright, PF Korber, BT Wolff, MC Fast, PE AF Graham, BS McElrath, MJ Connor, RI Schwartz, DH Gorse, GJ Keefer, MC Mulligan, MJ Matthews, TJ Wolinsky, SM Montefiori, DC Vermund, SH Lambert, JS Corey, L Belshe, RB Dolin, R Wright, PF Korber, BT Wolff, MC Fast, PE CA AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Grp HIV Immune Protection Grp TI Analysis of intercurrent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infections in phase I and II trials of candidate AIDS vaccines SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Annual Meeting on AIDS CY SEP, 1995 CL BETHESDA, MARYLAND SP Lab Tumor Cell Biol ID PRIMARY HIV-INFECTION; SUBSEQUENT COURSE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; CLINICAL COURSE; PLASMA; VIREMIA; BLOOD; PROGRESSION; PHENOTYPE; ANTIBODY AB Among 2099 uninfected subjects in phase I and II trials of candidate AIDS vaccines, 23 were diagnosed with intercurrent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, High-risk sexual exposures accounted for 17 infections, and intravenous drug use accounted for 6, Four subjects received placebo, 13 received a complete immunization schedule (greater than or equal to 3 injections), and 6 were partially immunized (less than or equal to 2 injections), There was no significant difference between vaccine recipients and control groups in incidence of HIV-1 infection, virus load, CD4 lymphocyte count, or V3 loop amino acid sequence, In summary, 19 vaccinated subjects acquired HIV 1 infection during phase I and II trials, indicating that immunization with the products described is < 100% effective in preventing or rapidly clearing infection, Laboratory analysis suggested that vaccine-induced immune responses did not significantly affect the genotypic or phenotypic characteristics of transmitted virus or the early clinical course of HIV-1 infection. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, New York, NY USA. Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. St Louis Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Northwestern Univ, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EMMES Corp, Potomac, WV USA. RP Graham, BS (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, A-4103 MCN, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RI Wolinsky, Steven/B-2893-2012; OI Wolinsky, Steven/0000-0002-9625-6697; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757; Vermund, Sten/0000-0001-7289-8698 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-45206, AI-45207, AI-45208] NR 56 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 177 IS 2 BP 310 EP 319 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA YV221 UT WOS:000071801500006 PM 9466516 ER PT J AU Giambiasi, N Touzet, C AF Giambiasi, N Touzet, C TI Applications of artificial neural networks SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & ROBOTIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 IUSPIM, DIAM, Marseille 20, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Giambiasi, N (reprint author), IUSPIM, DIAM, Domaine Univ St Jerome, Marseille 20, France. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-0296 J9 J INTELL ROBOT SYST JI J. Intell. Robot. Syst. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 21 IS 2 BP 101 EP 102 DI 10.1023/A:1007903725571 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA ZA267 UT WOS:000072346100001 ER PT J AU Voyiaziakis, E Goldberg, IJ Plump, AS Rubin, EM Breslow, JL Huang, LS AF Voyiaziakis, E Goldberg, IJ Plump, AS Rubin, EM Breslow, JL Huang, LS TI ApoA-I deficiency causes both hypertriglyceridemia and increased atherosclerosis in human apoB transgenic mice SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE apoA-I; apoB; atherosclerosis; hypertriglyceridemia; lipoproteins ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; ISCHEMIC HEART-DISEASE; PLASMA; LIPASE; LESIONS; GENE; ATHEROGENESIS; HETEROZYGOTES; EXPRESSION AB To study the role of low levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and apolipoprotein (ape) A-I in atherosclerosis risk, human apoB transgenic mice (HuBTg) were crossed with apoA-I-deficient (apoA-I-/-) mice. After a high fat challenge, total cholesterol levels increased drastically due to an increase in the non-HDL cholesterol as confirmed by FPLC analysis. In addition, total cholesterol levels in A-I(-/-)HuBTg mice were lower than the control HuBTg mice, due mainly to decreased HDLC in A-I(-/-)HuBTg mice. Analysis of atherosclerosis in the proximal aorta in mice fed a high-fat Western-type diet for 27 weeks revealed a 200% greater lesion area in female apoA-I(-/-)HuBTg mice (49740 +/- 9751 mu m(2)) compared to control HuBTg mice (23320 +/- 4981 mu m(2), P = 0.03). Lesion size (12380 +/- 3281 mu m(2)) in male A-I(-/-)HuBTg mice was also about 200% greater than that in the control HuBTg mice (5849 +/- 1543 mu m(2)), although not statistically significant. Very few and small lesions were observed in both apoA-I(-/-)HuBTg and control HuBTg animals fed a chow diet. Therefore, the adverse effect of low HDL on atherosclerosis in mice was only evident when LDL-cholesterol was markedly elevated by high-fat challenge. Male apoA-I(-/-)HuBTg mice exhibited hypertriglyceridemia when challenged with a high-fat diet. This correlated with both a reduction in lipoprotein lipase activity and a decrease in lipoprotein lipase activation by HDL. In summary, low high density lipoprotein levels due to apolipoprotein A-I deficiency exacerbated the development of atherosclerotic lesions in mice with elevated atherogenic lipoproteins. This mouse model mimics human conditions associated vith low HDL levels and provides additional evidence for the anti-atherogenic role of apoA-I. C1 Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Med, New York, NY 10032 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Huang, LS (reprint author), Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Med, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. RI Breslow, Jan/B-7544-2008 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 45095, HL 54591] NR 43 TC 79 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 39 IS 2 BP 313 EP 321 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA YX524 UT WOS:000072049200009 PM 9507992 ER PT J AU Lovenich, R Schafer, W Kner, P Chemla, DS AF Lovenich, R Schafer, W Kner, P Chemla, DS TI Magnetically enhanced exciton-exciton correlations in semiconductors SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Dynamical Processes in Excited States of Solids CY JUL 20-24, 1997 CL MITTELBERG, AUSTRIA SP Deutsch Forschungsgemein, WE Heraeus Fdn DE semiconductor optics; GaAs; nonlinear optics AB Recent experiments on fs time-resolved coherent wave mixing under a high magnetic field have revealed a new regime at low excitation densities which is not in accordance with the semiconductor Bloch equations. We present a theory of coherently driven biexcitons in a strong magnetic field, which - due to the restriction of excitonic degrees of freedom - results in a strong enhancement of Coulomb correlation effects. The theory describes most of the observed features. Especially, the slow rising time of the time-integrated four-wave mixing signal is shown to result from biexcitonic correlation. The same interaction effects yield a strong dependence of the oscillator strength of the heavy- (hh) and light-hole (lh) excitons on the time delay between the two pulses. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, Hochstleistungsrechenzentrum, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lovenich, R (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Hochstleistungsrechenzentrum, Postfach 1913, D-52425 Julich, Germany. EM r.loevenich@.fi-juelich.de NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 76-7 BP 104 EP 108 DI 10.1016/S0022-2313(97)00187-7 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZF211 UT WOS:000072874800024 ER PT J AU Morawitz, H Reineker, P Kresin, VZ AF Morawitz, H Reineker, P Kresin, VZ TI Peierls-Holstein dimer model with coherent, squeezed oscillatory trial functions SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Dynamical Processes in Excited States of Solids CY JUL 20-24, 1997 CL MITTELBERG, AUSTRIA SP Deutsch Forschungsgemein, WE Heraeus Fdn DE Holstein-Peierls model; coherent phonon states; squeezed phonon states; strong electron-phonon coupling ID GROUND-STATE; SYSTEM; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB The Holstein-Peierls model for a dimer is a very simple description of a tight-binding electron (or exciton) coupled at each site to an optical phonon. We study this problem in a region of parameter space where the three relevant physical quantities, the hopping integral -\t\, the optical phonon frequency Omega and the electron-phonon coupling constant g are of comparable magnitude. We obtain a non-perturbative solution by using a unitary transformation and a variational ansatz in terms of squeezed phonon states. The polaron effective mass behaves very differently at the boundaries of the tight-binding band. We also calculate the mean square amplitudes of the relevant phonon momentum and position variables for our solution. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, Dept 18 D1, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. Univ Ulm, Abt Theoret Phys, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Morawitz, H (reprint author), IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, Dept 18 D1, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. EM morawitz@almaden.ibm.com NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 76-7 BP 567 EP 570 DI 10.1016/S0022-2313(97)00297-4 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZF211 UT WOS:000072874800130 ER PT J AU Osgood, RM Bader, SD Clemens, BM White, RL Matsuyama, H AF Osgood, RM Bader, SD Clemens, BM White, RL Matsuyama, H TI Second-order magneto-optic effects in anisotropic thin films SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE thin films; anisotropy; magneto-optic effects; magnetization reversal; hysteresis loop-asymmetric ID KERR; MULTILAYERS; CO AB For films with in-plane anisotropy, second-order magneto-optic effects proportional to the square of the spin-orbit interaction can manifest themselves. We report typical measurements of the second-order magneto-optic Kerr effect in Fe, Co, and NiFe thin films with in-plane anisotropy and compare to theoretical predictions based on an interband transition model. We conclude that intraband transitions must play a role at 1.96 eV. The second-order magneto-optic effects provide interesting insights into the magnetization reversal process, and also describe the dielectric tensor of a ferromagnetic metal. Furthermore, since the second-order magneto-optic effect is connected with the asymmetry of the magneto-optic hysteresis loop, which arises as a result of the coherent rotation of the magnetization vector, we interpret such asymmetries, which have been previously reported in the literature. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Hitachi Ltd, Adv Res Lab, Hatoyama, Saitama 35003, Japan. RP Osgood, RM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rick_osgood@qmgate.anl.gov RI Matsuyama, Hideo/F-8506-2012; Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013 NR 25 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 182 IS 3 BP 297 EP 323 DI 10.1016/S0304-8853(97)01045-7 PG 27 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA ZB686 UT WOS:000072497400004 ER PT J AU Spitz, F Valet, G Brisbin, IL AF Spitz, F Valet, G Brisbin, IL TI Variation in body mass of wild boars from southern France SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE Sus; wild boar; growth; seasonal variation; geographical variation ID POPULATIONS; SCROFA; GROWTH; EAST; PIG AB Variation in body mass was studied in > 2,500 wild boars (Sus scrofa) in two climatic regions in southern France. Growth rates were determined from age estimates based on weights of eye lenses. In sclerophyllous forest under Mediterranean climate, there was an autumnal reduction in growth rate that was not observed in animals from deciduous forest under montane or Atlantic climates. Those differences may have been the result of summer drought causing juveniles in the Mediterranean region to forego some of their statural growth to permit rebuilding reserves of mesenteric adipose tissue, thus ensuring reproductive fitness. C1 INRA, Inst Rech Grands Mammiferes, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Spitz, F (reprint author), INRA, Inst Rech Grands Mammiferes, BP 27, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MAMMALOGISTS PI PROVO PA BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV, DEPT OF ZOOLOGY, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 0022-2372 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 79 IS 1 BP 251 EP 259 DI 10.2307/1382861 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA YY857 UT WOS:000072193900024 ER PT J AU Keer, LM Xu, Y Luk, VK AF Keer, LM Xu, Y Luk, VK TI Analysis of high speed axially symmetric cutting for stripping peripheral coating SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB A theory of axially symmetric cutting is used to estimate the resistance to material removal of a composite cylinder undergoing stripping of a peripheral coating. The removal of materials from the surface of the cylindrical workpiece is analyzed using the minimum energy theory of Merchant. It is assumed that the shear surface is oriented at all angle phi, such that the total work done at the shear surface by relative sliding and at the rake face due to friction has a minimum value. When the material conditions and the depth of cut are the same for cuttings in the axially symmetric and orthogonal modes, chips removed in axially symmetric cutting will have an additional energy loss due to the tensile hoop stress. The resistance due to the axially symmetric cutting is therefore larger than that arising from orthogonal cutting. The predicted resistance of axially symmetric cutting are in favorable agreement with data of dynamic stripping tests performed at Sandia National Laboratories. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Keer, LM (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Keer, Leon/B-7017-2009 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1087-1357 J9 J MANUF SCI E-T ASME JI J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 1998 VL 120 IS 1 BP 185 EP 191 DI 10.1115/1.2830099 PG 7 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA YY611 UT WOS:000072165600025 ER PT J AU Hawk, JA AF Hawk, JA TI Untitled SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Dept Energy, Albany Res Ctr, Mat Conservat Div, Albany, NY USA. RP Hawk, JA (reprint author), US Dept Energy, Albany Res Ctr, Mat Conservat Div, Albany, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 7 IS 1 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA YW196 UT WOS:000071908100002 ER PT J AU Singh, JP Vasanthamohan, N AF Singh, JP Vasanthamohan, N TI Effect of sintering temperature and cooling rate on microstructure, phase formation, and critical current density of Ag-sheathed Bi1.8Pb0.4Sr2Ca2CU3Ox superconducting tapes SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID WIRES AB Silver-sheathed Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (2223) superconducting tapes (with a starting composition of Bi1.8Pb0.4SnCa1Cu2O8, calcium cuprate, and CuO) were fabricated by the powder-in-tube technique. The tapes were sintered at various temperatures to optimize the formation of Bi1.8Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 phase within the tape. The results show that sintering within the temperature range of 815-825 degrees C can produce tapes with high critical current density (J(c)). The J(c) of samples sintered at the higher temperature of 825 degrees C, where more liquid is present, depended markedly on the rate at which tapes were cooled from the sintering temperature; samples sintered at lower temperatures did not exhibit such a cooling-rate effect. The optimum combination of phase purity and microstructure that yielded an average transport J(c) of greater than or equal to 2.5 x 10(4) A/cm(2) was obtained when the tapes were sintered at 825 degrees C for 150 h and cooled at a rate of 25 degrees C/h from the sintering temperature. Quenching studies indicate that the Bi-2223 phase becomes unstable below 700 degrees C during slow cooling. This result may have important implications for processing Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O tapes with high J(c). Addition of 15 vol.% Ag flakes to the monolithic core exerted no significant effect on J(c). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Singh, JP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 13 IS 2 BP 261 EP 268 DI 10.1557/JMR.1998.0036 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZJ205 UT WOS:000073190000005 ER PT J AU Gu, H Cannon, RM Ruhle, H AF Gu, H Cannon, RM Ruhle, H TI Composition and chemical width of ultrathin amorphous films at grain boundaries in silicon nitride SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; INTERGRANULAR FILM; THICKNESS; CERAMICS; CHEMISTRY; CALCIUM; PHASE AB Two different electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) quantitative analytical methods for obtaining complete compositions from interface regions are applied to ultrathin oxide-based amorphous grain boundary (GB) films of similar to 1 nm thickness in high-purity HIPed Si3N4 ceramics. The first method, 1, is a quantification of the segregation excess at interfaces for all the elements, including the bulk constituents such as silicon and nitrogen; this yields a GB film composition of SiN0.49+/-1.4O1.02+/-0.42 when combined with the average film thickness from high resolution electron microscopy (HREM). The second method, II, is based on an EELS near-edge structure (ELNES) analysis of the Si-L-2.3 edge of thin GB films which permits a subtraction procedure that yields a complete EELS spectrum, e.g., that also includes the O-K and N-K edges, explicitly for the GB film. From analysis of these spectra, the film composition is directly obtained as SiN0.63+/-0.19O1.44+/-0.33, close to the one obtained by the first method but with much better statistical quality. The improved quality results from the fewer assumptions made in method II; while in method I uniform thickness and illumination condition have to be assumed, and correction of such effects yields an extra systematic error. Method II is convenient as it does not depend on the film thickness detected by HREM, nor suffer from material lost by preferential thinning at the GB. in addition, a chemical width for these films can be deduced as 1.33 +/- 0.25 nm, that depends on an estimation of film density based on its composition. Such a chemical width is in good agreement with the structural thickness determined by HREM, with a small difference that is probably due to the different way in which these techniques probe the GB film. The GB film compositions are both nonstoichiometric, but in an opposite sense, this discrepancy is probably due to different ways of treating the surface oxidation layers in both methods. C1 Japan Sci & Technol Corp, Ceram Superplast Project, JFCC 2F, Nagoya, Aichi 456, Japan. Max Planck Inst Met Forsch, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gu, H (reprint author), Japan Sci & Technol Corp, Ceram Superplast Project, JFCC 2F, 2-4-1 Mutsuno, Nagoya, Aichi 456, Japan. NR 22 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 2 U2 7 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 13 IS 2 BP 376 EP 387 DI 10.1557/JMR.1998.0050 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZJ205 UT WOS:000073190000019 ER PT J AU Jisrawi, NM Wiesmann, H Ruckman, MW Thurston, TR Reisfeld, G Ocko, BM Strongin, M AF Jisrawi, NM Wiesmann, H Ruckman, MW Thurston, TR Reisfeld, G Ocko, BM Strongin, M TI In situ x-ray investigation of hydrogen charging in thin film bimetallic electrodes (vol 8, pg 2091, 1997) SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Correction C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Jisrawi, NM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 13 IS 2 BP 518 EP 518 DI 10.1557/JMR.1998.0066 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZJ205 UT WOS:000073190000035 ER PT J AU Park, ET Routbort, JL Li, Z Nash, P AF Park, ET Routbort, JL Li, Z Nash, P TI Anisotropic microhardness in single-crystal and polycrystalline BaTiO3 SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TETRAGONAL BATIO3; CERAMICS; ACTUATORS AB The room-temperature hardness of single-crystal and dense polycrystalline BaTiO3 was investigated by microindentation. The longer diagonal of the Knoop indenter was oriented either parallel or perpendicular to the poled axis of the material. The hardness of the unpoled sample was isotropic. However, hardnesses in the poled samples were anisotropic, with the highest hardnesses resulting when the longer diagonal was parallel to the poled axis. The hardness anisotropy may be due primarily to residual stresses caused by the piezoelectric coupling effect. (C) 1998 Chapman & Hall. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Park, ET (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Nash, Philip/0000-0003-2975-8512 NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 33 IS 3 BP 669 EP 673 DI 10.1023/A:1004329526403 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA YQ010 UT WOS:000071338400007 ER PT J AU Fockenberg, C Marr, AJ Sears, TJ Chang, BC AF Fockenberg, C Marr, AJ Sears, TJ Chang, BC TI Near-infrared high resolution diode laser spectrum of the CH2(b)over-tilde(1)B(1)<-(a)over-tilde(1)A(1) transition SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID RENNER-TELLER; SPECTROSCOPY; CH2; HCCL; ABSORPTION; METHYLENE AB A new diode laser-based spectrometer operating at wavelengths close to 1 mu m has been constructed for transient absorption measurements in the gas phase. Using a dual beam detection system for noise cancellation, the minimum detectable absorption was found to be 1 x 10(-4) in 0.5 mu sec. The sensitivity of the instrument is illustrated by the observation of previously undetected spectra of singlet methylene (CH2) between 9780 and 10070 cm(-1). Rovibronic transitions involving two K-a = 1 levels, nominally associated with v(2)(bent) = 1 and 2, in the upper, <(b)over tilde B-1(1)> state have been assigned. These levels are the lowest so far observed for methylene in this electronic state and their positions provide new information on the shape of the bending potential for the molecule at energies approaching that at which the two lowest singlet states (<(a)over tilde (1)A(1)> and <(b)over tilde B-1(1)>) of the molecule become degenerate at the linear configuration. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Dept Chem, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. RP Fockenberg, C (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Sears, Trevor/B-5990-2013 OI Sears, Trevor/0000-0002-5559-0154 NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 187 IS 2 BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1006/jmsp.1997.7476 PG 7 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA YY559 UT WOS:000072160300001 ER PT J AU Rolinski, E Sharp, G Cowgill, DF Peterman, DJ AF Rolinski, E Sharp, G Cowgill, DF Peterman, DJ TI Ion nitriding of titanium alpha plus beta alloy for fusion reactor applications SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA AB The titanium alpha plus beta alloy, Ti-6Al-4V, has been plasma nitrided at 1033 K in pure nitrogen to produce a 9 mu m thick surface nitride zone, followed by a 5 mu m thick Al-enriched zone and a 100 mu m thick nitrogen diffusion zone. X-ray diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy indicate that the nitride zone consists of two layers: a thin TiN layer at the surface followed by a Ti2N layer, In preliminary tests, the deuterium retention of nitrided titanium specimens was determined after exposure to fluences of 4 x 10(25) m(-2), 60 eV D+ ions at 440 K and of 2 x 10(25) m(-2), 800 eV D+ ions at 623 K, The results are compared to the retention found for similar exposure of the untreated alloy and to model simulations. Implications for the use of these materials in a fusion environment are discussed. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Adv Heat Treat Corp, Monroe, MI 48162 USA. Adv Heat Treat Corp, Waterloo, IA USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. McDonnell Douglas Corp, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. RP Rolinski, E (reprint author), Adv Heat Treat Corp, 1625 Rose St, Monroe, MI 48162 USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 252 IS 3 BP 200 EP 208 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00325-5 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA ZC961 UT WOS:000072636600004 ER PT J AU Petri, MC Leibowitz, L Richardson, JW Keiser, DD AF Petri, MC Leibowitz, L Richardson, JW Keiser, DD TI Application of quantum beams to analysis of radioactive materials (vol 248, pg 412, 1997) SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Correction C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Engn, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA. RP Petri, MC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Reactor Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 252 IS 3 BP 266 EP 266 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00361-9 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA ZC961 UT WOS:000072636600010 ER PT J AU Sloof, GW Visser, FC Bax, JJ van Lingen, A Eersels, J Knapp, FF Teule, GJJ AF Sloof, GW Visser, FC Bax, JJ van Lingen, A Eersels, J Knapp, FF Teule, GJJ TI Increased uptake of iodine-123-BMIPP in chronic ischemic heart disease: Comparison with fluorine-18-FDG SPECT SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE iodine-123-BMIPP; fluorine-18-FDG; chronic ischemic myocardium ID FATTY-ACID ANALOG; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PENTADECANOIC ACID; CANINE MYOCARDIUM; WALL-MOTION; BLOOD-FLOW; METABOLISM; VIABILITY; BMIPP AB To evaluate the potential role of 15-p-[I-123] iodophenyl-3-(R,S)-methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) for the assessment of myocardial viability, the patterns of BMIPP versus F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake were evaluated in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease. Methods: Twenty-one patients with stable chronic coronary artery disease underwent resting TI SPECT to delineate myocardial perfusion followed by FDG SPECT to detect residual viability in regions showing perfusion defects. Resting BMIPP SPECT was obtained on a separate day. SPECT images were displayed as polar maps (13 segments) and analyzed semiquantitatively. A total of 273 segments were analyzed. Results: In 87 (32%) of the segments, a perfusion defect was observed. In perfusion defects, the distributions of BMIPP/TI (mis)matches were significantly different (p < 0.0001) between the FDG viable (n = 42) and nonviable (n = 45) segments. A BMIPP/TI mismatch (BMIPP uptake higher than per fusion) was found in 74% of FDG viable segments, whereas a BMIPP/TI match (BMIPP uptake equal or lower than perfusion) was found in 69% of FDG nonviable segments, Agreement between matching or mismatching of segments was assessed to be 71%, Agreement was 81% when the data were analyzed on a patient basis. The observed frequency of BMIPP/TI mismatches was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in segments with an old myocardial infarction (20 of 36; 55%) than it was in subacute infarcted myocardium (5 of 21; 24%), Conclusion: In chronically hypoperfused myocardium, an increased BMIPP uptake relative to perfusion was detected, which is different from the decreased BMIPP uptake often reported in (sub)acute myocardial ischemia. Therefore, the interval from infarction may be an important factor in the interpretation of BMIPP scintigraphic data, Increased BMIPP uptake was associated with FDG/TI mismatches and may, therefore, confirm myocardial viability. Some segments with a FDG/TI mismatch, however, revealed a BMIPP/TI match, These segments may contain viable but more severely damaged tissue. Further studies on functional recovery are warranted to assess the significance of a BMIPP/perfusion (mis)match for tissue viability. C1 Free Univ Amsterdam Hosp, Dept Nucl Med, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Free Univ Amsterdam Hosp, Dept Cardiol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Free Univ Amsterdam Hosp, Radio Nuclide Ctr, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Med Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Sloof, GW (reprint author), Free Univ Amsterdam Hosp, Dept Nucl Med, De Boelelaan 1117, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. NR 41 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 39 IS 2 BP 255 EP 260 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA YX068 UT WOS:000072003200019 PM 9476931 ER PT J AU Susskind, H AF Susskind, H TI Radiation lung damage causes increased alveolar permeability leading to increased clearance of technetium-99m-DTPA - Reply SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Clin Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Susskind, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Clin Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 39 IS 2 BP 374 EP 374 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA YX068 UT WOS:000072003200043 ER PT J AU Roberts, JE Hu, DN Wishart, JF AF Roberts, JE Hu, DN Wishart, JF TI Pulse radiolysis studies of melatonin and chloromelatonin SO JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE melanoma; melatonin; pulse radiolysis; hydroxyl radical; superoxide; e(aq)(-); azide radical ID ONE-ELECTRON OXIDATION; PINEAL HORMONE MELATONIN; TUMOR-CELL-LINES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; INDOLIC RADICALS; IN-VITRO; TRYPTOPHAN; METABOLITES; RECEPTORS; PHARMACOLOGY AB The endogenous indole melatonin and the melatonin receptor agonist 6-chloromelatonin block the proliferation of both dermal and uveal melanoma cells by mechanisms that may involve redox reactions. The interactions of hydrated electrons, the azide radical, hydroxyl radicals and superoxide with melatonin and its 6-chloro analogue have been studied using the technique of pulse radiolysis. The reaction rate constants of e(aq)(-) and N-3 . with these compounds were found to be dependent on substitution at the sixth position. The rate constants for reaction of 6-chloromelatonin and melatonin with solvated electrons are 4.5 x 10(9) M-1 s(-1) and 4.2 x 108 M-1 s(-1), respectively. The reaction rate constants of N-3 . with melatonin and chloromelatonin are 9.8 x 10(9) M-1 s(-1) and 3.5 x 10(9) M-1 s(-1), respectively. Melatonin and 6-chloromelatonin react with hydroxyl radicals at near diffusion controlled rates (1.3 x 10(10) M-1 s(-1), 8.2 x 10(9) M-1 s(-1)). Melatonin and 6-chloromelatonin did not react with superoxide radicals and we calculate an upper limit of 1.0 x 10(4) M-1 s(-1) for the rate constant for reaction of melatonin and 6-chloromelatonin with superoxide ion. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Fordham Univ, New York, NY 10023 USA. New York Eye & Ear Infirm, Tissue Culture Ctr, New York, NY 10003 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Roberts, JE (reprint author), Fordham Univ, 113 W 60th St, New York, NY 10023 USA. RI Wishart, James/L-6303-2013 OI Wishart, James/0000-0002-0488-7636 NR 53 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1011-1344 J9 J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO B JI J. Photochem. Photobiol. B-Biol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 42 IS 2 BP 125 EP 132 DI 10.1016/S1011-1344(97)00132-2 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA ZC853 UT WOS:000072625500008 PM 9540219 ER PT J AU Chen, YF Evans, JW Scharrer, G AF Chen, YF Evans, JW Scharrer, G TI Calculation of temperature rise in lithium polymer batteries of Sandia conceptual designs during USABC dynamic stress test SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE lithium polymer batteries; dynamic stress test; simplified federal urban driving schedule ID LITHIUM/POLYMER BATTERY; DISCHARGE; MODULE; CELL AB Based on reported galvanostatic charge and discharge data of a Li/P(EO)(8)LiClO4/TiS2 cell, heat generation rates within a battery during the USABC Dynamic Stress Test (DST) were calculated and compared with those during the Simplified Federal Urban Driving Schedule (SFUDS) dynamic power profile. Also, calculations of temperature rise in the C/Polymer electrolyte/LiMn2O4 batteries of Sandia conceptual designs for a Ford van and GM Impact, during a DST/Fast Charge/DST/Full Charge cycle were conducted with a three-dimensional thermal model. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Energy & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Mineral Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Evans, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Energy & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD FEB PY 1998 VL 70 IS 2 BP 240 EP 246 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(97)02679-7 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA ZC815 UT WOS:000072620900009 ER PT J AU Lee, JH Lalk, TR Appleby, AJ AF Lee, JH Lalk, TR Appleby, AJ TI Modeling electrochemical performance in large scale proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE fuel cells; electrochemistry; reaction mechanisms; mathematical modeling; design AB The processes, losses, and electrical characteristics of a membrane-Electrode Assembly (MEA) of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) are described. In addition, a technique for numerically modeling the electrochemical performance of a MEA developed specifically to be implemented as part of a numerical model of a complete fuel cell stack, is presented. The technique of calculating electrochemical performance was demonstrated by modeling the MEA of a 350 cm(2), 125 cell PEMFC and combining it with a dynamic fuel cell stack model developed by the authors. Results from the demonstration that pertain to the MEA sub-model are given and described. These include plots of the temperature, pressure, humidity, and oxygen partial pressure distributions for the middle MEA of the modeled stack as well as the corresponding current produced by that MEA. The demonstration showed that models developed using this technique produce results that are reasonable when compared to established performance expectations and experimental results. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Texas Engn Expt Stn, Ctr Electrochem Studies & Hydrogen Res, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Lee, JH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 96 Z9 107 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD FEB PY 1998 VL 70 IS 2 BP 258 EP 268 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(97)02683-9 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA ZC815 UT WOS:000072620900012 ER PT J AU Sokolov, MA AF Sokolov, MA TI Statistical analysis of the ASME K-Ic database SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) K-Ic curve is a function of test temperature (T) normalized to a reference nil-ductility temperature, RTNDT, namely, T - RTNDT. It was constructed as the lower boundary to the available K-Ic database. Being a lower bound to the unique but limited database, the ASME K-Ic curve concept does not discuss probability matters. However, a continuing evolution of fracture mechanics advances has led to employment of the Weibull distribution function to model the scatter of fracture toughness values in the transition range. The Weibull statistic/master curve approach was applied to analyze the current ASME K-Ic database. It is shown that the Weibull distribution function models the scatter in K-Ic data from different materials very well, while the temperature dependence is described by the master curve. Probabilistic-based tolerance-bound curves are suggested to describe lower-bound K-Ic values. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sokolov, MA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 1998 VL 120 IS 1 BP 24 EP 28 DI 10.1115/1.2841880 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA YY609 UT WOS:000072165400005 ER PT J AU Mohan, R Wilkowski, GM Bass, R Bloom, JM AF Mohan, R Wilkowski, GM Bass, R Bloom, JM TI A study of effects of pipe geometry on FAD curves for austenitic stainless steel and ferritic steel piping materials SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference of the American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers CY JUL 27-31, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers AB A comprehensive study of failure assessment diagrams for circumferentially surface-cracked austenitic stainless and ferritic steel pipes was conducted with the rue of the finite element method (FEM). While the majority of the analyses were conducted using the line-spring/shell finite element method, some three-dimensional finite element analyses, conducted independently are also reported in this paper Comparison of the predictions of the line-spring/shell and three-dimensional analyses reinforce the validity of the former approach for surface-cracked pipes, The results indicated that the ASME Code Case N-494-2 applicable for ferritic steel piping appears reasonably conservative even for pipes with mean radius-to-wall thickness ratios of 20, whereas the results showed that the newly adopted Code Case N-494-3 for austenitic stainless steel piping requires a limit for pipe with mean radius-to-wall thickness ratios larger than 15. For consistency, the limitation of R-m/t less than or equal to 15 was incorporated in the approved final version of Code Case N-494-3, and was incorporated in Code Case N-494-2 as well. Because these Code cases are applicable only to Class 1 primary nuclear piping, which typically has values of R-m/t less than or equal to 15, this is not a significant limitation. It was also shown that the choice of definitions of membrane and bending stresses as well as the choice of F-1 function values in calculating the elastic part of the J integral have a profound effect on the resulting FAD curves. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. A McDermott Co, Babcox & Wilcox, Alliance, OH 44601 USA. RP Mohan, R (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 1998 VL 120 IS 1 BP 86 EP 92 DI 10.1115/1.2841891 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA YY609 UT WOS:000072165400015 ER PT J AU Francis, CW Timpson, ME Lee, SY Elless, MP Wilson, JH AF Francis, CW Timpson, ME Lee, SY Elless, MP Wilson, JH TI The use of carbonate lixiviants to remove uranium from uranium-contaminated soils SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Separation of Ionic Solutes CY MAY 18-23, 1997 CL PIESTANY SPA, SLOVAKIA SP Comenius Univ, Fac Sci, Bratislava, Fdn CURIE, Bratislava, Slovak Acad Sci, Slovak Chem Soc, EMVI 2000 s r o Brno, Czech Republic, HUMA LAB APEKO s r o, Kosice AB The objective of this research was to design an extraction media and procedure that would selectively remove uranium without adversely affecting the soils' physicochemical characteristics or generating secondary waste forms difficult to manage or dispose of. Investigations centered around determining the best lixiviant and how the various factors such as pH, time, and temperature influenced extraction efficiency. Other factors investigated included the influence of attrition scrubbing, the effect of oxidants and reductants, and the recycling of lixiviants. Experimental data obtained at the bench-and pilot-scale levels indicated 80% to 95% of the uranium could be removed from the uranium-contaminated soils by using a carbonate lixiviant. The best treatment was three successive extractions with 0.25M carbonate-bicarbonate (in presence of KMnO4 as an oxidant) at 40 degrees C followed with two water rinses. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Francis, CW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 228 IS 1-2 BP 15 EP 20 DI 10.1007/BF02387292 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA ZB172 UT WOS:000072443600002 ER PT J AU Aceves, SM Nakamura, H Reistad, GM Martinez-Frias, J AF Aceves, SM Nakamura, H Reistad, GM Martinez-Frias, J TI Optimization of a class of latent thermal energy storage systems with multiple phase-change materials SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID HEAT-STORAGE; TEMPERATURE AB This paper presents an analysis of a class of latent thermal energy storage (LTES) system. The analysis is based on a simplified model that allows the system performance to be evaluated in terms of a small set of parameters, While still retaining the main thermodynamic aspects associated with their operation. This analysis therefore permits the broad-based application potential of these systems to be viewed. The paper also discusses the applicability of the model to practical systems. This paper analyzes LTES with multiple energy storage cells and multiple phase-change materials (PCMs). The most general case of infinite energy storage cells and PCMs is solved, for the charge process only, as well as for the overall charge-discharge process. The results yield the optimum phase change temperature, expressed as a continuous function of position along the LTES. The method is equally applicable to the case of a finite number of storage cells. An example of the application of the method to this case is also included. The results show the optimum phase change temperatures for each of the problems being considered, along with the corresponding optimum exergetic efficiencies. The solutions to the optimization problems are surprisingly simple to express, considering the difficulty of the problems, and indicate the potential advantages of using LTES with multiple PCMs. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Daido Inst Technol, Dept Engn Mech, Nagoya, Aichi 457, Japan. Oregon State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Ctr Ingn & Desarrollo Ind, Queretaro, Mexico. RP Aceves, SM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,L-641, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI aceves, salvador/G-9052-2011 OI aceves, salvador/0000-0001-5687-7256 NR 15 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 16 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD FEB PY 1998 VL 120 IS 1 BP 14 EP 19 DI 10.1115/1.2888040 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA YY301 UT WOS:000072133400002 ER PT J AU McNeely, RJ Belot, JA Schindler, JL Chudzik, MP Kannewurf, CR Zhang, XF Miller, DJ Marks, TJ AF McNeely, RJ Belot, JA Schindler, JL Chudzik, MP Kannewurf, CR Zhang, XF Miller, DJ Marks, TJ TI Novel metal-organic chemical vapor deposition TIF annealing route to thin films of Tl1Ba2Ca2Cu3O9+x SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Thallium and Mercury Based Superconducting Materials CY MAY 25-29, 1997 CL CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND DE Tl-1223; thin films; MOCVD; fluoride ID TAPES AB Thin films of Tl1Ba2Ca2Cu3O9+x have been grown on single crystal (110) LaAlO3 by a metalorganic chemical vapor deposition process employing Ba(hfa)(2).mep, Ca(hfa)(2).tet, and Cu(dpm)(2) (hfa = hexafluoroacetylacetonate; dpm = dipivaloylmethanate; tet = tetraglyme: mep = methylethylpentaglyme) as the volatile metal sources. A subsequent phase-selective annealing procedure accomplishes thallination using TIF in a bulk oxide pellet. The resulting films are nearly phase-pure and highly oriented and contain negligible fluoride by windowless energy-dispersive x-ray measurements. The films exhibit transport measured T-C = 103 K and J(C) > 10(4) A/cm(2) (77 K, 0 T) and at low temperatures retain J(C) > 10(5) A/cm(2) (5 K, 4.5 T) as measured by magnetic hysteresis. C1 Northwestern Univ, Sci & Technol Ctr Superconduct, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Marks, TJ (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Sci & Technol Ctr Superconduct, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 11 IS 1 BP 133 EP 134 DI 10.1023/A:1022635424576 PG 2 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA ZA837 UT WOS:000072407000046 ER PT J AU Siegal, MP Venturini, EL Overmyer, DL Newcomer, PP AF Siegal, MP Venturini, EL Overmyer, DL Newcomer, PP TI Growth and characterization of TlBaCaCuO thin films SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Thallium and Mercury Based Superconducting Materials CY MAY 25-29, 1997 CL CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND DE superconductor; thallium; Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O; film; growth ID TL2BA2CACU2O8 FILMS; SURFACE-RESISTANCE; LOW-TEMPERATURE; OXIDE; FABRICATION; PRESSURE; 120-K; TL2O AB We discuss two methods for the ex-situ furnace growth of pure TlBaCaCuO superconducting thin films on LaAlO3(100) substrates. The traditional approach of "crucible processing" is used to grow high-quality films of several of the TlBaCaCuO phases. "Two-zone processing" promises greater thermodynamic control, yet film properties from optimized films are not as good as those grown from crucibles. The transport kinetics of Tl-oxide vapor from a source to the film surface appears to be a dominant factor. The best results are from single-phase Tl-1212 and Tl-2212 thin films. T-c's are high and sharp, J(c)'s > 1 x 10(7) A/cm(2) at 5 K, and surface morphologies are relatively smooth. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Siegal, MP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 11 IS 1 BP 135 EP 138 DI 10.1023/A:1022687408646 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA ZA837 UT WOS:000072407000047 ER PT J AU Ren, ZF Lao, JY Guo, LP Wang, JH Budai, JD Christen, DK Goyal, A Paranthaman, M Specht, ED Thompson, JR AF Ren, ZF Lao, JY Guo, LP Wang, JH Budai, JD Christen, DK Goyal, A Paranthaman, M Specht, ED Thompson, JR TI Epitaxial film growth of Tl0.78Bi0.22Sr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu3O9 on rolling assisted biaxially textured nickel substrates with YSZ and CeO2 buffer layers SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Thallium and Mercury Based Superconducting Materials CY MAY 25-29, 1997 CL CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND DE epitaxy; thin film; superconductor; critical current density; RABiTS; buffer layers ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; SHEATHED SUPERCONDUCTING TAPE; YBA2CU3O7 AB Epitaxial film growth of Tl0.78Bi0.22Sr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu3O9 ((Tl,Bi)-1223) on rolling assisted biaxially textured substrates with YSZ and CeO2 buffer layers (RABiTS) has been successfully demonstrated by laser ablation and post-deposition annealing in flowing argon. X-ray diffraction (XRD) theta-2 theta spectra showed that the films consisted mainly of c-axis aligned 1223 phase with some intergrown 1212 phase, while XRD phi-scans of (102) pole figure revealed that the films are also a- and b-axes aligned, with an epitaxy of the <100> of (Tl,Bi)-1223 film on the <110> of the top YSZ buffer layer. Four-terminal electrical transport measurements showed that the zero-resistance transition temperature (T-c) was in the range of 106 - 110 K, and the critical current density (J(c)) at 77 K and zero field was about 10(5) A/cm(2) for the entire film width (3 mm) of a longer film (14 mm) which was processed differently from the shorter films (7 mm). For a shorter film (7 mm) that showed better ab-in-plane alignment, the magnetization J(c), at 77 K and extrapolated to zero field, calculated from Bean's model using the full film width (3.5 mm) as the appropriate lateral dimension, was 2 x 10(5) A/cm(2). C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Mat Synth Lab, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. SUNY Buffalo, New York State Inst Superconduct, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ren, ZF (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Mat Synth Lab, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RI Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014; Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015; Budai, John/R-9276-2016; Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531; Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306; Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 NR 7 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 11 IS 1 BP 159 EP 161 DI 10.1023/A:1022604012281 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA ZA837 UT WOS:000072407000055 ER PT J AU Kang, BW Wu, JZ Kang, WN Chen, QY Chu, WK Christen, DK Kerchner, HR Gapud, A AF Kang, BW Wu, JZ Kang, WN Chen, QY Chu, WK Christen, DK Kerchner, HR Gapud, A TI Mixed-state Hall effect in HgBa2CaCu2O6+delta thin films with columnar defects SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Thallium and Mercury Based Superconducting Materials CY MAY 25-29, 1997 CL CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND DE superconductivity; thin film; columnar defect; pinning ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; HIGH-KAPPA SUPERCONDUCTORS; SIGN REVERSAL; TL2BA2CA2CU3O10 FILMS; IRREVERSIBILITY LINE; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; YBA2CU3O7 CRYSTALS; SCALING BEHAVIOR; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; RESISTIVITY AB The mixed state Hall effect has been studied in high quality HgBa2CaCu2O6+delta thin films while the pinning strength is modified by the irraddition of columnar defects. It has been shown that the pinning strength can be significantly improved by columnar defects. The sign reversal in Hall resistivity is found to be nearly independent of pinning while the scaling behavior between Hall resistivity (rho(xy)) and longitudinal resistivity (rho(xx)) is influenced by pinning. The exponent beta in the scaling law rho(xy) similar to rho(xy)(beta) decrease from 1.8 +/- 0.1 to 1.5 +/- 0.1 as pinning is enhanced. This results suggest that the sign reversal and the scaling are unrelated, and pinning is not the mechanism of the sign reversal. C1 Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kang, BW (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. OI Gapud, Albert/0000-0001-9048-9230 NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 11 IS 1 BP 163 EP 167 DI 10.1023/A:1022656029119 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA ZA837 UT WOS:000072407000056 ER PT J AU Bhattacharya, RN Blaugher, RD Natarajan, A Carlson, CM Parilla, PA Ginley, DS Paranthaman, M Goyal, A Kroeger, DM AF Bhattacharya, RN Blaugher, RD Natarajan, A Carlson, CM Parilla, PA Ginley, DS Paranthaman, M Goyal, A Kroeger, DM TI Thick-film processing for Tl-oxide wire and tape SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Thallium and Mercury Based Superconducting Materials CY MAY 25-29, 1997 CL CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND DE thick-film; electrodeposition; textured substrates; Tl-oxides ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; BA-CU-OXIDE; SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS; TL-1223; VAPOR AB Thick-film processing techniques such as electrodeposition, electrophoresis, spray pyrolysis, and ink spraying offer promising and economic (<$10/kAm) approaches for fabricating high-temperature superconducting (HTS) wire or tape for the Tl-oxide superconductors. The performance of the Tl system exceeds that for the Bi-oxides and offers easier fabrication than YBCO. Scale up, however, may be difficult because of the need for open rape conductors with aligned microstructures. The Tl-oxides, moreover, offer the potential for operation at 77K in practical magnetic fields of 3-5 T, which is supported by measurements on the irreversibility behavior of the Tl-1223 single layer compound with Pb, Bi, and Sr substitution. Recent advances in the development of biaxial textured electrodeposited films on Ag coated single crystal substrates are discussed. This paper will review the merits for a near-term Tl-oxide based conductor for use in HTS electric power applications, currently under development, such as the transformer and transmission cable. Recent results for the buffer layer development that would provide an oriented ceramic layer or template on a flexible textured nickel substrate utilizing the "RABiTS" substrates developed by ORNL will then be discussed with a projection for the cost of a "long length" thick-film process using electrodeposition. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bhattacharya, RN (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015 OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531 NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 11 IS 1 BP 173 EP 180 DI 10.1023/A:1022660130028 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA ZA837 UT WOS:000072407000058 ER PT J AU Miller, DL Bao, SP AF Miller, DL Bao, SP TI The relationship of scattered subharmonic, 3.3-MHz fundamental and second harmonic signals to damage of monolayer cells by ultrasonically activated Albunex (R) SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ULTRASOUND CONTRAST AGENTS; CAVITATION; INVITRO; EMISSION; EXPOSURE; BUBBLES; SYSTEM; TUBE AB Cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells attached to thin Mylar sheets were exposed to 3.3-MHz ultrasound in the presence of Albunex(R) ultrasound contrast agent. The ultrasound beam was directed upward at the exposure chamber with the monolayer on the inside of the upper acoustic window. Cell membrane damage was detected by the firefly enzyme assay for released ATP and the subharmonic, fundamental, and second harmonic scattered signals were recorded. ATP release increased monotonically with increasing pressure amplitude above apparent thresholds of 0.28 MPa for 1-s continuous and 0.56 MPa for 100-s pulsed (10-mu s pulses, 1-ms PRP) exposures with 5% Albunex(R). The subharmonic signal and, to a lesser extent, the second harmonic signal both increased with the cell membrane damage, which suggests that these signals have predictive value for bioeffects. If the monolayer was positioned on the front window of the exposure chamber, cell membrane damage was greatly reduced, which confirms the protective influence of this configuration of monolayers reported in the literature. The effect decreased both at high (50%) or low (0.5%) concentrations of Albunex(R). The strong nonlinear scattering of ultrasound by contrast agent gas bodies appears to provide useful indicators of gas body activity including cavitational bioeffects. (C) 1998 Acoustical Society of America. [S0001-4966(98)06301-2]. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, US Transuranium & Uranium Registries, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Miller, DL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS P7-53,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI WSU, USTUR/I-1056-2013 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA42947] NR 29 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 103 IS 2 BP 1183 EP 1189 DI 10.1121/1.421250 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA YX461 UT WOS:000072042300056 PM 9479770 ER PT J AU Pint, BA Garratt-Reed, AJ Hobbs, LW AF Pint, BA Garratt-Reed, AJ Hobbs, LW TI Possible role of the oxygen potential gradient in enhancing diffusion of foreign ions on alpha-Al(2)O(3) grain boundaries SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; REACTIVE ELEMENTS; ALUMINA SCALES; CHROMIA SCALES; GROWTH MECHANISMS; ODS ALLOY; CR METAL; SEGREGATION; YTTRIUM; CR2O3 AB Thermally grown, alpha-Al(2)O(3) external scales formed on alloys after oxidation in pure oxygen at temperatures between 1000 degrees and 1500 degrees C were analyzed using FEG-STEM/XEDS. Alloy dopants such as Y, Zr, La, Hf, and Ti were found to segregate to the alpha-Al(2)O(3) grain boundaries and to the alloy-scale interface. With increasing oxidation time and temperature, the amount of segregant on the oxide grain boundaries near the gas interface increases until a critical level is reached and precipitates begin to nucleate and grow. These observations are a result of the outward transport of dopants from the alloy, through the external alumina scale, to the gas interface. The apparent driving force for the dopant diffusion is the oxygen potential gradient in the growing oxide scale. C1 MIT, HH Uhlig Corros Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Pint, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335 NR 76 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 81 IS 2 BP 305 EP 314 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA YZ821 UT WOS:000072295100003 ER PT J AU Baskaran, S Song, L Liu, J Chen, YL Graff, GL AF Baskaran, S Song, L Liu, J Chen, YL Graff, GL TI Titanium oxide thin films on organic interfaces through biomimetic processing SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 98th Annual Meeting of the American-Ceramic-Society CY APR 14-17, 1996 CL INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA SP Amer Ceram Soc ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS AB Titanium oxide (TiO2) thin films have been deposited on silicon, glass, and plastic substrates by destabilization of an aqueous titanium lactate solution at low temperatures (<100 degrees C). The process uses a commercially available, low-cost precursor and is simple to perform; it involves only control of pH in aqueous, chelated titanium solutions. With this solution technique, high deposition rates (>50 nm/min), film thickness (>100 nm), and excellent film uniformity have been obtained. Uniform coatings can be applied on complex-shaped polymeric substrates and porous membranes. Films can be formed on both sulfonated and untreated polymeric surfaces. As-deposited films on plastic substrates consist of amorphous, hydrated TiO2. On sulfonated self-assembled monolayers on silicon substrates, nanocrystalline TiO2 films have been formed. The deposited films exhibit strong ultraviolet (UV) absorption with excellent transmission in the visible wavelength range, which indicates that the coatings may be useful as protective UV blockers for polymeric materials. C1 Pacific NW Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Baskaran, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 18 TC 99 Z9 102 U1 4 U2 24 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 81 IS 2 BP 401 EP 408 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA YZ821 UT WOS:000072295100015 ER PT J AU Bamberger, CE AF Bamberger, CE TI Study of phase relationships within the MgO-CuO-Cu2O-P2O5 system SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The formation of the known compound Cu+Cu2+Mg3(PO4)(3) by alternate reactions and its thermal stability were studied. The formation of solid solutions of the types Mg2-xCuxP2O7 and Mg3-xCux(PO4)(2) was reexamined, mainly to aid in the identification of the products of decomposition of Cu+Cu2+Mg3(PO4)(3). X-ray diffractometry patterns of Mg2-xCuxP2O7 varied gradually in the range 0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 2, which indicates complete miscibility. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bamberger, CE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 81 IS 2 BP 417 EP 420 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA YZ821 UT WOS:000072295100018 ER PT J AU Williams, PT AF Williams, PT TI Coronary heart disease risk factors of vigorously active sexagenarians and septuagenarians SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 69th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 09-16, 1996 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Heart Assoc, Hoechst Marion Roussel Inc, Kansas City ID DISTANCE-RUNNING PERFORMANCE; MODERATELY OVERWEIGHT MEN; BODY-FAT DISTRIBUTION; WEIGHT-LOSS; OLDER MEN; LIPOPROTEIN SUBFRACTIONS; HEALTH-PROFESSIONALS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY AB OBJECTIVE: To examine the dose-response relationship between coronary heart disease risk factors and vigorous exercise in older men. DESIGN: Physician-supplied medical data were compared with running distance and performance in a national cross-sectional survey of 175 septuagenarian, 935 sexagenarians, and 8672 younger male runners. RESULTS: Older runners ran significantly more slowly than younger runners. Nevertheless, men 60 years of age and older who ran further had significantly higher plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentrations (regression slope +/- SE: 0.16 +/- 0.02 mg/dL per km/week, P < .001), and significantly lower ratios of tot-a! cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol (-0.009 +/- 0.002 per km/week, P < .001), plasma triglyceride concentrations (-0.309 +/- 0.107 mg/dL per km/week, P less than or equal to .004), systolic and diastolic blood, pressures (-0.066 +/- 0.028, and -0.042 +/- 0.016 mm Hg per km/week, respectively, P less than or equal to .02), body mass indices (-0.039 +/- 0.004 kg/m(2) per km/week, P < .001), and waist circumferences ( -0.107 +/- 0.010 cm per km/week, P < .001). Better 10-kilometer race performance times were also associated (P less than or equal to .001)with higher HDL-cholesterol levels and lower adiposity, blood pressure, triglycerides, and ratios of total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol levels. Septuagenarians who ran faster and further also had significantly (P less than or equal to .03) higher HDL-cholesterol, lower ratios of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol, and slimmer waists. Compared with those less than age sixty, older runners had significantly greater calculated reductions in waist (P = .039) and chest circumferences (P = .009) but significantly less reduction in law-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (P = .020) per kilometer run per week. CONCLUSIONS: Age does not limit the potential iol-vigorous activity to increase HDL-cholesterol or to reduce blood pressure, adiposity, or triglycerides, but-it map attenuate improvements in LDL-cholesterol. Sexagenarians and septuagenarians are expected ro have reduced heart disease risk in proportion to their vigorous activity. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Williams, PT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Bldg 934, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-45652, HL-55640] NR 60 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 46 IS 2 BP 134 EP 142 PG 9 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA YW198 UT WOS:000071908300002 PM 9475439 ER PT J AU Mukerjee, S Thurston, TR Jisrawi, NM Yang, XQ McBreen, J Daroux, ML Xing, XK AF Mukerjee, S Thurston, TR Jisrawi, NM Yang, XQ McBreen, J Daroux, ML Xing, XK TI Structural evolution of LixMn2O4 in lithium-ion battery cells measured in situ using synchrotron X-ray diffraction techniques SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB We describe synchroton based X-ray diffraction techniques and issues related to in situ studies of intercalation processes in battery electrodes. We then demonstrate the utility of this technique, through a study of two batches of LixMn2O4 cathode materials. The structural evolution of these spinel materials was monitored in situ during the initial charge of these electrodes in actual battery cells. Significant differences were observed in the two batches, particularly in the intercalation range of x = 0.45 to 0.20. The first-order structural transitions in this region indicated coexistence of two cubic phases in the batch 2 material, whereas the batch 1 material showed suppressed two-phase coexistence. Batch 2 cells also indicated structural evolution in the low-potential region below 3.0 V in contrast to the batch 1 material. Differences in structural evolution between batches of LixMn2O4 could have important ramifications in their cycle life and stability characteristics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Gould Elect, Eastlake, OH 44095 USA. RP Mukerjee, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 14 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 6 U2 36 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 145 IS 2 BP 466 EP 472 DI 10.1149/1.1838286 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA YW750 UT WOS:000071969500022 ER PT J AU Shao-Horn, Y Hackney, SA Johnson, CS Thackeray, MM AF Shao-Horn, Y Hackney, SA Johnson, CS Thackeray, MM TI Microstructural features of alpha-MnO2 electrodes for lithium batteries SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MNO2; LATTICE AB X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, including lattice imaging and convergent-beam electron diffraction, were used to study the microstructural features of alpha-MnO2 products that had been synthesized from different precursors. The alpha-MnO2 products, which were formed by acid digestion of Mn2O3 and Li2MnO3 oxide powders, contained water molecules in the (2 x 2) channels of their hollandite-type structures. The alpha-MnO2 crystals had a distinct rod-shaped morphology with the [001] crystallographic orientation parallel to the rod axis. Transmission electron microscopy data showed that the nature of the precursor directly affects the grain morphology of the alpha-MnO2 product. The grain morphology of alpha-MnO2 electrodes plays an important role in the electrochemical behavior of Li/alpha-MnO2 rechargeable cells: crystals with a small aspect ratio have a large electrochemically active surface [i.e., a large exposed (2 x 2) tunnel cross-sectional area] per unit volume available for lithium insertion. Lattice imaging and electron diffraction studies of chemically lithiated alpha-MnO2 products (LixMnO2: 0.4 < x < 0.5) confirmed that the alpha-MnO2 structure was unstable to chemical lithiation; the capacity loss that was observed during the initial electrochemical cycling of Li/alpha-MnO2 cells is attributed to this structure instability. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Electrochem Technol Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shao-Horn, Y (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. NR 22 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 32 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 145 IS 2 BP 582 EP 589 DI 10.1149/1.1838307 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA YW750 UT WOS:000071969500043 ER PT J AU Pal, A Sau, T Pal, T Vo-Dinh, T AF Pal, A Sau, T Pal, T Vo-Dinh, T TI Determination of aluminium in water through formation of fluorescent dibenzoylmethane-aluminium complex and its structure elucidation SO JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CHROME AZUROL-S; TRACE AMOUNTS AB Dibenzoylmethane (DBM) was found to be a very good reagent for Al-III to produce a luminescent complex having the formula AI(DBM)(3). The luminescence property of the complex was used to selectively quantify Al-III on filter paper substrate in the range of 5-55 ppm. The method was successfully applied to water analysis and is devoid of interferences from common anions and cations. C1 Indian Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Kharagpur 721302, W Bengal, India. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Adv Monitoring & Dev Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pal, T (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Kharagpur 721302, W Bengal, India. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN CHEMICAL SOC PI CALCUTTA PA 92 ACHARYA PRAFULLA CHANDRA RD ATTN:DR INDRAJIT KAR/EXEC SEC, CALCUTTA 700009, INDIA SN 0019-4522 J9 J INDIAN CHEM SOC JI J. Indian Chem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 75 IS 2 BP 78 EP 80 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZQ952 UT WOS:000073919700005 ER PT J AU Keeble, DJ Tooke, AO Young, CF Poindexter, EH Li, Z AF Keeble, DJ Tooke, AO Young, CF Poindexter, EH Li, Z TI Electron paramagnetic resonance of Mn4+ in PbTiO3: Low temperature behavior SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Meeting on Ferroelectricity (IMF-9) CY AUG 25-29, 1997 CL SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CERAMICS AB The transition metal ion Mn4+ in PbTiO3 single crystals has been studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) over the temperature range 3.5 to 300 K. The spectrum results from a moderately large tetragonal crystal field and consists of two observable sextets. Below approximately 250 K superhyperfine structure is resolved on the low field sextet due to the lead ion sublattice. The fine structure splitting is found to be weakly temperature dependent below 300 K exhibiting a broad peak in the region of 200 K. C1 Univ Dundee, Carnegie Lab Phys, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Keeble, DJ (reprint author), Univ Dundee, Carnegie Lab Phys, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. RI Keeble, David /C-6633-2012 OI Keeble, David /0000-0002-5378-799X NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0374-4884 J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC JI J. Korean Phys. Soc. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 32 SU S BP S675 EP S678 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YZ021 UT WOS:000072212200083 ER PT J AU Son, Y Bang, SH Cho, JH Jia, QX AF Son, Y Bang, SH Cho, JH Jia, QX TI Characteristics of SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films on (100) LaAlO3 and Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Meeting on Ferroelectricity (IMF-9) CY AUG 25-29, 1997 CL SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; TEMPERATURE AB The SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films were prepared on (100) LaAlO3 and Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate by pulsed laser ablation deposition method (Nd:YAG, 355 nm, similar to 2 J/cm(2)) With deposition temperature (T-s) range of 500-800 degrees C and their structural and physical properties were investigated. The SrBi(2)Ta(2)O9 thin films on LaAlO3 substrates have (a00) epitaxial growth at T-s = 650 degrees C as well as the (00l) epitaxial growth at T-s = 780 degrees C. The transmission spectra indicate anisotropic characteristics. The SrBi(2)Ta(2)O9 thin films on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates show polycrystalline structures. For Au/SrBi2Ta2O9/Pt capacitors, the dielectric constants at deposition temperature 700 degrees C and 760 degrees C are similar to 340 and similar to 230, respectively. C1 Pusan Natl Univ, RCDAMP, Pusan 609735, South Korea. Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Pusan 609735, South Korea. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Son, Y (reprint author), Pusan Natl Univ, RCDAMP, Pusan 609735, South Korea. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0374-4884 J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC JI J. Korean Phys. Soc. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 32 SU S BP S1521 EP S1524 PN 4 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YZ023 UT WOS:000072212400061 ER PT J AU Hirota, K Hase, M Akimitsu, J Masuda, T Uchinokura, K Shirane, G AF Hirota, K Hase, M Akimitsu, J Masuda, T Uchinokura, K Shirane, G TI Magnetic excitations in the Si doped spin-Peierls compound CuGe1-xSixO3 SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE CuGe1-xSixO3; spin-Peierls transition; antiferromagnetic spin wave ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL CU1-XZNXGEO3; LONG-RANGE ORDER; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; PHASE-DIAGRAM; NEEL STATE; CUGEO3; ZN; DIMERIZATION; TRANSITION AB The magnetic excitations of CuGe1-xSixO3 single crystals (x = 0.011 and 0.03) have been studied by inelastic neutron-scattering techniques. We confirm the coexistence of the antiferromagnetic and spin-Peierls excitations as well as a splitting of the antiferromagnetic excitation peak at the magnetic zone center (q = 0) due to orthorhombic anisotropy. The q dependence of the antiferromagnetic spin-wave width Gamma scales well with q(2) for small q (q < 0.1 Angstrom(-1)). We also find that the spin-wave velocity increases as the size of induced magnetic moment becomes larger. These experimental results strongly support recent theoretical predictions by Saito and Fukuyama. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 98077, Japan. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 35101, Japan. Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Phys, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 157, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 113, Japan. RP Hirota, K (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM hirota@iiyo.phys.tohoku.ac.jp RI Hirota, Kazuma/C-6797-2008; Hase, Masashi/B-8900-2008 OI Hase, Masashi/0000-0003-2717-461X NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 67 IS 2 BP 645 EP 650 DI 10.1143/JPSJ.67.645 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YZ714 UT WOS:000072283500048 ER PT J AU Connor, RI Korber, BTM Graham, BS Hahn, BH Ho, DD Walker, BD Neumann, AU Vermund, SH Mestecky, J Jackson, S Fenamore, E Cao, Y Gao, F Kalams, S Kunstman, KJ McDonald, D McWilliams, N Trkola, A Moore, JP Wolinsky, SM AF Connor, RI Korber, BTM Graham, BS Hahn, BH Ho, DD Walker, BD Neumann, AU Vermund, SH Mestecky, J Jackson, S Fenamore, E Cao, Y Gao, F Kalams, S Kunstman, KJ McDonald, D McWilliams, N Trkola, A Moore, JP Wolinsky, SM TI Immunological and virological analyses of persons infected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 while participating in trials of recombinant gp120 subunit vaccines SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Review ID HUMAN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN GP120; INCREASED REPLICATIVE CAPACITY; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; CANDIDATE AIDS VACCINES; PRIMARY HIV-1 INFECTION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; DISEASE PROGRESSION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; NEUTRALIZATION SEROTYPES AB We have studied 18 participants in phase I/II clinical trials of recombinant gp120 (rgp120) subunit vaccines (MN and SF-2) who became infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) during the course of the trials. Of the 18 individuals, 2 had received a placebo vaccine, 9 had been immunized with MN rgp120, and seven had been immunized with SF-2 rgp120, Thirteen of the 18 infected vaccinees had received three or four immunizations prior to becoming infected, Of these, two were placebo recipients, six had received MN rgp120, and five had received SF-2 rgp120, Only 1 of the 11 rgp120 recipients who had multiple immunizations failed to develop a strong immunoglobulin G antibody response to the immunogen, However, the antibody response to rgp120 was transient, typically having a half-life of 40 to 60 days, No significant neutralizing activity against the infecting strain was detected in any of the infected individuals at any time prior to infection. Antibody titers in subjects infected despite vaccination and in noninfected subjects were not significantly different, Envelope-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses measured after infection were infrequent and weak in the nine vaccinees who were tested. HIV-1 was isolated successfully from all 18 individuals. Sixteen of these strains had a non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) phenotype, while two had a syncytium-inducing (SI) phenotype. NSI strains used the CCR5 coreceptor to enter CD4(+) cells, while an SI strain from one of the vaccinees also used CXCR4, Viruses isolated from the blood of rgp120 vaccinees were indistinguishable from viruses isolated front control individuals in terms of their inherent sensitivity to neutralization by specific monoclonal antibodies and their replication rates in vitro. Furthermore, genetic sequencing of the env genes of strains infecting the vaccinees did not reveal any features that clearly distinguished these viruses from contemporary clade B viruses circulating in the United States. Thus. despite rigorous genetic analyses, using various breakdowns of the data sets, we could find no evidence that rgp120 vaccination exerted selection pressure on the infecting HIV-1 strains, The viral burdens in the infected rgp120 vaccine recipients were also determined, and they were found to be not significantly different from those in cohorts of placebo-vaccinated and nonvaccinated individuals. In summary, we conclude that vaccination with rgp120 has had, to date, no obvious beneficial or adverse effects on the individuals we have studied. C1 Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, AIDS Res Ctr, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. RP Wolinsky, SM (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Tarry Bldg,Room 3-735,303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM s-wolinsky@nwu.edu RI Wolinsky, Steven/B-2893-2012; Trkola, Alexandra/K-2115-2012; OI Wolinsky, Steven/0000-0002-9625-6697; Trkola, Alexandra/0000-0003-1013-876X; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757; Vermund, Sten/0000-0001-7289-8698 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI45218] NR 158 TC 188 Z9 192 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 72 IS 2 BP 1552 EP 1576 PG 25 WC Virology SC Virology GA YQ942 UT WOS:000071440200080 PM 9445059 ER PT J AU Sopori, B AF Sopori, B TI Optics software models photovoltaic light trapping SO LASER FOCUS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Sopori, B (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1616 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NASHUA PA 5TH FLOOR TEN TARA BOULEVARD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 USA SN 0740-2511 J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD JI Laser Focus World PD FEB PY 1998 VL 34 IS 2 BP 159 EP 161 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA YW547 UT WOS:000071947300033 ER PT J AU Alam, TM AF Alam, TM TI O-17 NMR investigation of unsaturated alcohols SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE NMR; O-17 NMR; substituent chemical shift effects; unsaturated alcohols AB The O-17 NMR spectra for a series of beta,gamma or gamma,delta unsaturated alcohols are reported. The chemical shift variation due to the introduction of the double bond in the beta,gamma or gamma,delta position was found to be small, with the effect of beta,gamma unsaturation being larger than that of gamma,delta unsaturation. The substituent chemical shift (SCS) effects of methyl substitution for beta,gamma or delta hydrogens were also determined. A linear correlation between the O-17 chemical shift for the alcohol (ROH) and the C-13 chemical shift for the methyl groups in the corresponding hydrocarbon (RCH3) was obtained, allowing predictions of the O-17 chemical shift from corresponding C-13 data. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Material Aging & Reliabil Bulk Mat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Alam, TM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Material Aging & Reliabil Bulk Mat Dept, MS 1407, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0749-1581 J9 MAGN RESON CHEM JI Magn. Reson. Chem. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 36 IS 2 BP 132 EP 134 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-458X(199802)36:2<132::AID-OMR207>3.0.CO;2-0 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA YW940 UT WOS:000071990000011 ER PT J AU Ma, B Balachandran, U AF Ma, B Balachandran, U TI Phase stability of SrFeCo0.5Ox in reducing environments SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE ceramics; oxides; crystal structure; ionic conductivity; phase transitions ID DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENT; ION CONDUCTORS; FUEL-CELLS; CONDUCTIVITY; METHANE; OXIDES; STEP AB The mixed-conducting SrFeCo0.5Ox is a potential material for use in dense ceramic membranes for gas separation at elevated temperatures. Its outstanding oxygen transport properties reveal the feasibility of using oxide ceramic membrane in large-scale oxygen separation. The stability of this material under low oxygen partial pressure is an important issue. To investigate phase and structural stability, SrFeCo0.5Ox samples were annealed in various reducing gaseous environments. The annealed samples were characterized by room-temperature X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analyses. In situ conductivity of the samples was measured in various atmospheres. Reversible phase transition related to the change of oxygen partial pressure in the surrounding atmosphere was observed at elevated temperatures. Our results show that mechanical failure of dense ceramic membranes made of this material may occur when it is cooled in a moisturized reducing atmosphere, such as hydrogen, and then reheated in an oxidizing atmosphere, such as air. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ma, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Ma, Beihai/I-1674-2013 OI Ma, Beihai/0000-0003-3557-2773 NR 24 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-5408 J9 MATER RES BULL JI Mater. Res. Bull. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 33 IS 2 BP 223 EP 236 DI 10.1016/S0025-5408(97)00214-6 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA YW047 UT WOS:000071890300006 ER PT J AU Chen, KC Allen, SM Livingston, JD AF Chen, KC Allen, SM Livingston, JD TI Factors affecting the room-temperature mechanical properties of TiCr2-base Laves phase alloys SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE TiCr2 alloys; Laves phases; stoichiometry; alloying; mechanical properties ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; CUBIC PHASES; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION; CR; COMPOSITES; ADDITIONS; PROSPECTS; ELEMENTS AB Various effects on the room-temperature mechanical properties of TiCr2-base alloys have been assessed in efforts to improve the toughness of Laves phase intermetallics (AB(2)). Systematic studies were pet-formed on: (i) single-phase stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric: TiCr2: (ii) TiCr2-base ternary; Laves phases, and (iii) two-phase binary alloys containing TiCr2. In order to make quantitative comparisons among the different alloys, Vickers indentation was used to obtain hardness and ii fracture toughness values. Within the single-phase field, constitutional defects accounted for the compositional dependencies of properties, and may aid the synchroshear deformation process, Ternary Laves phases comprised of Fe, Nb, V or Mo additions to TiCr2 indicated that alloying elements which partition to both A and B sublattices can improve the toughness. Stabilization of the cubic C15 crystal structure also resulted in higher toughness values. Small amounts of the bce beta-phase effectively reduced crack lengths in the Laves phase, and two-phase alloys of (Ti,Cr) + TiCr2 exhibited significant improvements in toughness. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Chen, KC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 53 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 242 IS 1-2 BP 162 EP 173 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(97)00526-1 PG 12 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA ZD887 UT WOS:000072734400020 ER PT J AU Smirnov, BI Nikolaev, VI Orlova, TS Shpeizman, VV de Arellano-Lopez, AR Goretta, KC Singh, D Routbort, JL AF Smirnov, BI Nikolaev, VI Orlova, TS Shpeizman, VV de Arellano-Lopez, AR Goretta, KC Singh, D Routbort, JL TI Mechanical properties and microstructure of an Al2O3-SiC-TiC composite SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Letter DE mechanical properties; microstructure; microhardness; indentation fracture toughness ID WHISKER-REINFORCED ALUMINA; MATRIX COMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR AB The mechanical properties and microstructure of a hard, electrodischarge-machinable composite, Al2O3-SiC-TiC, were studied. The material was fabricated by hot pressing 46.1 vol.% Al2O3 powder, 30.9 vol.% SiC whiskers and 23.0 vol.% TiC powder. Significant reaction occurred between the Al2O3 and SiC during processing. The resultant composite consisted of nearly unreacted TiC particles, Al2O3, plus smaller concentrations of SiC, mullite and possibly a mixture of Al-Si-O-C. The composite exhibited at room temperature an elastic modulus of 409.6 +/- 0.5 GPa; microhardness values of 19-32 GPa, indentation fracture toughness (K-1C) of 9.6 +/- 10.6 MPa(m)(0,5), compressive strength as high as 2.8 GPa and fracture strength in bending of approximate to 680-825 MPa. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Sevilla, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, E-41080 Seville, Spain. AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. RP Routbort, JL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Orlova, Tatiana/E-5877-2014; OI R. de Arellano Lopez, Antonio/0000-0002-7443-0244 NR 24 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 242 IS 1-2 BP 292 EP 295 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(97)00744-2 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA ZD887 UT WOS:000072734400034 ER PT J AU Carrado, KA Marshall, CL Brenner, JR Song, K AF Carrado, KA Marshall, CL Brenner, JR Song, K TI Materials derived from synthetic organo-clay complexes as novel hydrodesulfurization catalyst supports SO MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual ACS Meeting CY AUG, 1996 CL ORLANDO, FL SP ACS DE hectorite clay; clay-organic complex; hydrodesulfurization; polymer-clays; HDS supports; mesopores ID HEAVY RESIDUE OILS; HYDROTHERMAL CRYSTALLIZATION; RESTRICTIVE DIFFUSION; PORE-SIZE; HYDROTREATMENT AB A series of mesoporous synthetic organo-clay complexes has been prepared by hydrothermal crystallization of gels containing silica, magnesium hydroxide, lithium fluoride, and an organic of choice, followed by calcination to remove the organics. The organic serves to impart structural order to the inorganic network that does not disappear upon its removal. The choice of organic modifier can be used to control the pore structure of the resulting mesoporous materials. Pore size distributions appear in some cases to be related to the type of polymer packing upon clay formation in situ. These materials are being explored as Go-Mo hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalyst supports. Preliminary HDS results show performance commensurate with commercial catalysts for the mesoporous materials when a model heavy oil feed is used (1 wt% S as dibenzothiophene in hexadecane), Temperature programmed reduction experiments of used catalysts suggest a relationship between HDS activity and ease of reduction of the CoMo/clay catalysts. Reactivity of the CoMo/clay also correlates with the percentage of mesopore volume remaining after reaction. Losses in mesopore volume are largely recouped by recalcination, suggesting that reversible coke is formed inside the pore structure of clays faster than inside conventional alumina. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Carrado, KA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM kcarrado@anl.gov RI Marshall, Christopher/D-1493-2015 OI Marshall, Christopher/0000-0002-1285-7648 NR 29 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-1811 J9 MICROPOR MESOPOR MAT JI Microporous Mesoporous Mat. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 20 IS 1-3 BP 17 EP 26 DI 10.1016/S1387-1811(97)00017-6 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 115RH UT WOS:000075678600003 ER PT J AU Anderson, MT Sawyer, PS Rieker, T AF Anderson, MT Sawyer, PS Rieker, T TI Surfactant-templated silica aerogels SO MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE aerogel; surfactant-templated; silica; intraparticle porosity; mesoporous ID MESOPOROUS MOLECULAR-SIEVES; SPHERES; MCM-41; SIZE AB By combining the molecular silica precursor tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) with an alkaline, micellar, water:methanol solution, we form surfactant-templated silica gel (STSG) monoliths. The wet monoliths can be exchanged with ethanol and then supercritically extracted with carbon dioxide to produce surfactant-templated silica aerogels (STSAs). STSAs represent a new class of aerogels that are composed of aggregated submicron porous particles that have tunable intraparticle nanoporosity. STSAs catalyzed with NH,OH experience no measurable shrinkage upon extraction and have bulk densities less than similar to 0.15 g/cc. The STSAs can then be calcined to remove the remainder of the surfactant. The calcination process leads to minimal shrinkage (< 8%), high surface area (similar to 700 m(2)/g), uncracked monoliths with hierarchical inter- and intraparticle porosities, and bulk densities less than 0.08 g/cc. We use XRD, SAXS, SEM, Si-29 NMR, and N-2 sorption to characterize the structure and porosity of these novel aerogels. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Encapsulants & Porus Mat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengineered Ceram, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. 3M Co, Ceram Technol Ctr, St Paul, MN 55144 USA. RP Anderson, MT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Encapsulants & Porus Mat Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 36 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-1811 J9 MICROPOR MESOPOR MAT JI Microporous Mesoporous Mat. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 20 IS 1-3 BP 53 EP 65 DI 10.1016/S1387-1811(97)00008-5 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 115RH UT WOS:000075678600007 ER PT J AU Johnson, ED Milne, JC AF Johnson, ED Milne, JC TI A hard X-ray prototype production exposure station at NSLS SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article AB Exposures conducted at the NSLS R&D beamline (X-27B) for High, Aspect Ratio Precision Manufacture have proven sufficiently successful that we are constructing a dedicated hard X-ray exposure beamline. The new beamline (X-14B) provides an exposure field similar to 120 mm wide, three times larger than that of X-27B. The scanner is based on the hydraulic system from the X-27B program. It is optimized for planar exposures and takes advantage of the full 525 mm stroke available. Exposures of multiple substrates and masks will be possible, with the fixturing supporting mounting of substrate holders from other groups (ALS, APS, CAMD, and UW). The function of this beamline is to establish a hard X-ray exposure station where manufacturing scale protocols can be developed and ultimately exploited for production runs. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Johnson, ED (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 4 IS 2 BP 56 EP 57 DI 10.1007/s005420050093 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA ZB232 UT WOS:000072450400002 ER PT J AU Milne, JC Johnson, ED AF Milne, JC Johnson, ED TI High speed hydraulic scanner for deep X-ray lithography SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article AB From our research and development in hard x-ray lithography, we have found that our conventional leadscrew driven scanner stages do not provide adequate scan speed or travel. These considerations have led us to develop a scanning system based on a long stroke hydraulic drive with 635 mm of travel and closed loop feedback to position the stage to better than 100 micrometers. The control of the device is through a PC with a custom LabView interface coupled to simple x-ray beam diagnostics, This configuration allows us to set a variety of scan parameters, including target dose, scan range, scan rates, and dose rate. Results fi om our prototype system at beamline X-27B are described as well as progress on a production version for the X-14B beamline. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Milne, JC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 4 IS 2 BP 64 EP 65 DI 10.1007/s005420050096 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA ZB232 UT WOS:000072450400005 ER PT J AU Klein, J Guckel, H Siddons, DP Johnson, ED AF Klein, J Guckel, H Siddons, DP Johnson, ED TI X-Ray masks for very deep X-Ray lithography SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article AB The high aspect ratio, deep x-ray lithography and electrodeposition process [Becker et al. (1986)] can be expensive unless throughput is high enough. The use of a very high energy synchrotron has allowed the cost of exposure to be significantly reduced through simultaneous exposure of stacked photoresist [Guckel et al (1994)]. Synchrotron radiation at high photon energies has resulted the use of a large area x-ray mask, Both stacked exposures and a large area x-ray masks have significantly increased the throughput of the deep x-ray lithography and electrodeposition process. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Klein, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1415 Johnson Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 5 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 4 IS 2 BP 70 EP 73 DI 10.1007/s005420050098 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA ZB232 UT WOS:000072450400007 ER PT J AU De Carlo, F Mancini, DC Lai, B Song, JJ AF De Carlo, F Mancini, DC Lai, B Song, JJ TI Characterization of exposure and processing of thick PMMA for deep x-ray lithography using hard x-rays SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article AB The first step for the fabrication of microstructures using deep x-ray lithography (DXRL) is the radiation of a sensitive polymer like poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) by hard x-ray. At the Advanced Photon Source a dedicated beamline(1) allowed the proper exposure of very thick resist (several mm). In this work we give a characterization of the PMMA/development system. As a result the resist dissolution rate (mu m/min) of the exposed PMMA in different developer is calculated. We also analyze the conditions that produce bubbles and cracks in the thick exposed resist and investigate the scanning parameters that reduce them. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP De Carlo, F (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 1 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 4 IS 2 BP 86 EP 88 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA ZB232 UT WOS:000072450400011 ER PT J AU Griffiths, SK Nilson, RH Ting, A Bradshaw, RW Bonivert, WD Hruby, JM AF Griffiths, SK Nilson, RH Ting, A Bradshaw, RW Bonivert, WD Hruby, JM TI Modeling electrodeposition for LIGA microdevice ice fabrication SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article ID NICKEL-IRON C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Griffiths, SK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 5 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 4 IS 2 BP 98 EP 101 DI 10.1007/s005420050105 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA ZB232 UT WOS:000072450400014 ER PT J AU Makova, KD Patton, JC Krysanov, EY Chesser, RK Baker, RJ AF Makova, KD Patton, JC Krysanov, EY Chesser, RK Baker, RJ TI Microsatellite markers in wood mouse and striped field mouse (genus Apodemus) SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apodemus; Chelyabinsk; genetic markers; microsatellites; Murinae C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Russian Acad Sci, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 117071, Russia. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Makova, KD (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. NR 8 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 7 IS 2 BP 247 EP 249 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA ZB396 UT WOS:000072468300010 PM 9532763 ER PT J AU Merkle, PB AF Merkle, PB TI Evaluation of EHS issues should be high priority SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Letter C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Merkle, PB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 23 IS 2 BP 4 EP 4 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA YX197 UT WOS:000072016100001 ER PT J AU Zunger, A AF Zunger, A TI Semiconductor quantum dots SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US DOE, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Solid State Theory Grp, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Zunger, A (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Solid State Theory Grp, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 23 IS 2 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA YX197 UT WOS:000072016100014 ER PT J AU Alivisatos, AP AF Alivisatos, AP TI Electrical studies of semiconductor-nanocrystal colloids SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID CADMIUM SELENIDE NANOCRYSTALS; QUANTUM DOTS; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; SPECTROSCOPY; CLUSTERS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; MICRODOMAINS; MICROSCOPY; PARTICLES C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Inst Mol Design, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Inst Mol Design, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alivis@uclink4.berkeley.edu RI Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 43 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 EI 1938-1425 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 23 IS 2 BP 18 EP 23 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA YX197 UT WOS:000072016100015 ER PT J AU Nozik, AJ Micic, OI AF Nozik, AJ Micic, OI TI Colloidal quantum dots of III-V semiconductors SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID EXCHANGE INTERACTION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ORDERED GAINP2; SOLAR-CELL; NANOCRYSTALS; INP; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; CONFINEMENT; BAND; CLUSTERS C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Basic Res Program Chem Sci, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Nozik, AJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Basic Res Program Chem Sci, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM anozik@nrel.nrel.gov; Micico@tcplink.nrel.gov RI Nozik, Arthur/A-1481-2012; Nozik, Arthur/P-2641-2016 NR 54 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 30 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 23 IS 2 BP 24 EP 30 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA YX197 UT WOS:000072016100016 ER PT J AU Zunger, A AF Zunger, A TI Electronic-structure theory of semiconductor quantum dots SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID HOLE EXCHANGE INTERACTION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; P METHOD; SILICON; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SYSTEMS; CONFINEMENT; STATES; FILMS C1 US DOE, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Solid State Theory Grp, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP US DOE, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Solid State Theory Grp, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM alex_zunger@nrel.gov RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 52 TC 82 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 8 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 EI 1938-1425 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 23 IS 2 BP 35 EP 42 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA YX197 UT WOS:000072016100018 ER PT J AU Albiol, F Ballester, F Barbier, G Bernabeu, J Bonino, R Ciocio, A Clark, AG Couyoumtzelis, C Dane, J Demierre, P DeWitt, J Dorfan, DE Dubbs, T Emes, J Fasching, D Fuster, J Garcia, C Gilchriese, MGD Godlewski, J Gonzalez, S Grewal, A Grillo, AA Haber, C Hackett, C Haesler, P Hill, JC Holland, S Iwasaki, H Iwata, Y Jared, R Kashigin, S Kipnis, I Koetz, U Kondo, T Kowalewski, R Kroeger, W Lankford, A Bahilo, JL Moorhead, G Morgan, D Munday, DJ Murray, W Nickerson, R Ohsugi, T O'Shea, V Perrin, E Pier, S Phillips, PW Pulliam, T Richardson, J Rowe, WA Saavedra, A Sadrozinski, HFW Salt, J Sanchez, J Schmid, B Seiden, A Sellin, PJ Shapiro, M Siegrist, J Spencer, E Spieler, H Stapnes, S Takashima, R Tamura, N Taylor, G Terada, S Unno, Y Vuaridel, B Walsh, SM Wastie, R Weber, M Webster, A Wichmann, R Wilder, M AF Albiol, F Ballester, F Barbier, G Bernabeu, J Bonino, R Ciocio, A Clark, AG Couyoumtzelis, C Dane, J Demierre, P DeWitt, J Dorfan, DE Dubbs, T Emes, J Fasching, D Fuster, J Garcia, C Gilchriese, MGD Godlewski, J Gonzalez, S Grewal, A Grillo, AA Haber, C Hackett, C Haesler, P Hill, JC Holland, S Iwasaki, H Iwata, Y Jared, R Kashigin, S Kipnis, I Koetz, U Kondo, T Kowalewski, R Kroeger, W Lankford, A Bahilo, JL Moorhead, G Morgan, D Munday, DJ Murray, W Nickerson, R Ohsugi, T O'Shea, V Perrin, E Pier, S Phillips, PW Pulliam, T Richardson, J Rowe, WA Saavedra, A Sadrozinski, HFW Salt, J Sanchez, J Schmid, B Seiden, A Sellin, PJ Shapiro, M Siegrist, J Spencer, E Spieler, H Stapnes, S Takashima, R Tamura, N Taylor, G Terada, S Unno, Y Vuaridel, B Walsh, SM Wastie, R Weber, M Webster, A Wichmann, R Wilder, M TI Performance of the ATLAS silicon strip detector modules SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRIP DETECTORS; BINARY READOUT; ELECTRONICS; NOISE AB The performance of the silicon strip detector prototypes developed for use in ATLAS at the LHC is reported, Baseline detector assemblies ("modules") of 12 cm length were read out with binary electronics at 40 MHz clock speed, For both irradiated and unirradiated modules, the tracking efficiency, noise occupancy, and position resolution were measured as a function of bias voltage, binary hit threshold, and detector rotation angle in a 1.56 T magnetic field, measurements were also performed at a particle Bur comparable to the one expected at the LHC. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. Univ Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. INP, Krakow, Poland. Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Sheffield, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Chilton, England. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Kyoto Univ Educ, Kyoto 612, Japan. Okayama Univ, Okayama 700, Japan. RP Sadrozinski, HFW (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Nat Sci 2, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RI Moorhead, Gareth/B-6634-2009; Holland, Stephen/H-7890-2013; O'Shea, Val/G-1279-2010; Bernabeu, Jose/H-6708-2015; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/F-4881-2016; OI Moorhead, Gareth/0000-0002-9299-9549; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Bernabeu, Jose/0000-0002-0296-9988; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/0000-0003-0613-140X; Colomer, Kiko Albiol/0000-0002-3824-2246 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 403 IS 2-3 BP 247 EP 255 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(97)01102-9 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA YV272 UT WOS:000071806600004 ER PT J AU Debbe, R Muntz, C Cumming, JB AF Debbe, R Muntz, C Cumming, JB TI A high-resolution quartz Cerenkov detector for relativistic heavy ion beams SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Cerenkov; heavy ion beam; quartz AB A quartz-based Cerenkov beam detector with photomultiplier readout was constructed for relativistic heavy ion experiments. it was successfully used to detect interactions of 2, 4 and 10.4 AGeV kinetic energy gold projectiles in Au targets, The charge resolution of 1.4e for gold ions permits its use to form a minimum-bias first-level interaction trigger. Gain and charge resolution were very stable for a two month period, during which a total number of similar to 10(11) gold ions passed through the detector. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Debbe, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Cumming, James/I-3358-2013 OI Cumming, James/0000-0001-6930-0958 NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 403 IS 2-3 BP 256 EP 262 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(97)01130-3 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA YV272 UT WOS:000071806600005 ER PT J AU Dewberry, RA AF Dewberry, RA TI Development of total uranium analytical method by L X-ray fluorescence SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE X-ray fluorescence; U L X-rays; self-absorption correction AB This paper describes development of an L X-ray fluorescence technique to perform total uranium analysis using an internal excitation source which is added directly to the sample. The method has been demonstrated with synthetic U samples in the limited concentration range 1-15 g/l, and provides the advantage of simplicity, involving no mechanical parts which would normally be found in an external excitation source. Total uranium is determined by counting L X-rays fluoresced by a microCurie level spike of Cd-109 added directly to the sample and without shielding the excitation source from the detector. A method for correction of sample self-absorption is included in the analysis. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29801 USA. RP Dewberry, RA (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29801 USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 403 IS 2-3 BP 383 EP 389 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(97)01113-3 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA YV272 UT WOS:000071806600012 ER PT J AU Li, Z AF Li, Z TI Systematic modelling and comparisons of capacitance and current-based microscopic defect analysis techniques for measurements of high-resistivity silicon detectors after irradiation SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID LEVEL TRANSIENT SPECTROSCOPY; THERMALLY STIMULATED CURRENT; C-V CHARACTERISTICS; NEUTRON; DLTS; RADIATION; TRAPS AB Systematic and integrated physical modelling has been carried out for capacitance and current-based microscopic defect analysis techniques including the C-DLTS (capacitance-deep level transient spectroscopy), I-DLTS (current-DLTS), and TSC (thermally stimulated current). The applicability of various techniques to the characterization of neutron-irradiated high-resistivity silicon detectors has been examined and compared. C-DLTS is valid only for detectors irradiated to neutron fluences less than a few times 10(12) n/cm(2), while there seems to be no limit for the applicability for I-DLTS or TSC. However, current-based techniques, unlike the C-DLTS, cannot distinguish minority carrier traps from majority ones. In addition, special care may have to be taken in determining the effective depletion depth for highly irradiated detectors. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Li, Z (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM zhengl@bnlarm.bnl.gov NR 34 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 403 IS 2-3 BP 399 EP 416 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(97)01099-1 PG 18 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA YV272 UT WOS:000071806600014 ER PT J AU Campillo, I Pitarke, JM Eguiluz, AG Garcia, A AF Campillo, I Pitarke, JM Eguiluz, AG Garcia, A TI Electronic stopping power of periodic crystals SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids (ICACS-17) CY JUL 02-06, 1997 CL BEIJING, PEOPLES R CHINA DE dielectric functions; plasmons; ion impact; energy loss; stopping power ID NORM-CONSERVING PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; X-RAY-SCATTERING; ENERGY-LOSS; PLASMON DISPERSION; DYNAMIC-RESPONSE; DIELECTRIC CALCULATION; VALENCE-ELECTRONS; BAND-STRUCTURE; AL METAL; ALUMINUM AB The electronic stopping power suffered by ions penetrating periodic crystals is investigated within linear response theory. A full treatment of the dynamical response of valence electrons is made, starting from a realistic description of the one-electron band structure and using ab initio non-local pseudopotentials. The dynamical density-response function is obtained in the random-phase approximation. Results for the stopping power of aluminum averaged over impact parameters are presented. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Mat Kondentsatuaren Fisika Saila, Zientzi Fak, Bilbao 48080, Basque Country, Spain. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Basque Country, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Aplicada 2, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain. RP Pitarke, JM (reprint author), Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Mat Kondentsatuaren Fisika Saila, Zientzi Fak, 644 Posta Kutxatila, Bilbao 48080, Basque Country, Spain. EM wmppitoj@lg.ehu.es RI Garcia, Alberto/A-7460-2008; Pitarke, Jose/C-8602-2009; Campillo, Igor/E-3636-2015 OI Garcia, Alberto/0000-0001-5138-9579; Pitarke, Jose/0000-0002-8253-8028; NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD FEB PY 1998 VL 135 IS 1-4 BP 103 EP 106 DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(97)00580-6 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA ZW291 UT WOS:000074395300018 ER PT J AU Bichsel, H Inokuti, M AF Bichsel, H Inokuti, M TI Difference in stopping power for protons and deuterons of a given speed SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article DE stopping power; protons; deuterons ID CHARGED-PARTICLES; CROSS-SECTIONS; ELEMENTS; ATOMS AB Kinematic limits on the momentum transfer depend weakly on the particle mass M, and lead to a small correction proportional to 1/M to the Bethe electronic stopping number. For protons, the magnitude of the correction seems to be too small to allow unequivocal detection within the precision of current measurements. For muons, the effect would be larger. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Washington, Nucl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bichsel, H (reprint author), 1211,22nd Ave E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD FEB PY 1998 VL 134 IS 2 BP 161 EP 164 DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(98)00668-5 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA YZ381 UT WOS:000072248700002 ER PT J AU Climent-Font, A Demortier, G Palacio, C Montero, I Ruvalcaba-Sil, JL Diaz, D AF Climent-Font, A Demortier, G Palacio, C Montero, I Ruvalcaba-Sil, JL Diaz, D TI Characterisation of archaeological bronzes using PIXE, PIGE, RBS and AES spectrometries SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article DE bronze age; bronze alloy; Iberian peninsula; ion beam analysis; PIXE; PIGE; RES; AES ID BACKSCATTERING AB A reliable knowledge of the composition of archaeological bronzes for major and trace elements is of primary interest for the archaeologist. The composition of the metal artefacts gives information on the ancient technological knowledge and may help to distinguish between prehistoric cultural traditions, Pieces of bronzes from two pre-roman sites in Spain with different cultural traits have been analysed by ion beam analytical techniques (PIXE, PIGE and RES) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), Joint use of these techniques has been found to be useful as they give complementary information on elemental composition and chemical state, The possible disturbance of the patina as a mask for the determination of the original underlying bronze composition has also been studied, (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Aplicada C12, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Fac Univ Notre Dame Paix, LARN, B-5000 Namur, Belgium. CSIC, Ctr Estudios Hist, Dept Prehist, Madrid, Spain. RP Climent-Font, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Rad Solid Interac & Proc Dept, 1111 MS 1056, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Montero Ruiz, Ignacio/E-8861-2012; Climent-Font, Aurelio/G-8449-2016; OI Montero Ruiz, Ignacio/0000-0003-0897-1031; Ruvalcaba-Sil, Jose Luis/0000-0003-1431-3019 NR 11 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD FEB PY 1998 VL 134 IS 2 BP 229 EP 236 DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(98)00553-9 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA YZ381 UT WOS:000072248700012 ER PT J AU Van Duppen, P Andreyev, A Aysto, J Evensen, AH Huhta, M Huyse, M Jokinen, A Karny, M Kugler, E Kurpeta, J Lettry, J Nieminen, A Plochocki, A Ramdhane, M Ravn, HL Rykaczewski, K Szerypo, J Walter, G Wohr, A AF Van Duppen, P Andreyev, A Aysto, J Evensen, AH Huhta, M Huyse, M Jokinen, A Karny, M Kugler, E Kurpeta, J Lettry, J Nieminen, A Plochocki, A Ramdhane, M Ravn, HL Rykaczewski, K Szerypo, J Walter, G Wohr, A CA ISOLDE Collaboration TI A new pulsed release method for element selective production of neutron rich isotopes near Pb-208 SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article AB A new method to reduce the isobaric contamination problem for the production of neutron rich Bi, Pb and T1 nuclei at on-line mass separators, based on the pulsed release of these radioactive species, is presented, The results of a feasibility study are reported. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Kern & Stralingsfys, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. Univ Jyvaskyla, Accelerator Lab, Dept Phys, FIN-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. CERN, PPE, ISOLDE, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Inst Rech Subatom, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. Univ Strasbourg 1, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Van Duppen, P (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Kern & Stralingsfys, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. RI Jokinen, Ari/C-2477-2017 OI Jokinen, Ari/0000-0002-0451-125X NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD FEB PY 1998 VL 134 IS 2 BP 267 EP 270 DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(98)00733-2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA YZ381 UT WOS:000072248700016 ER PT J AU Firouzbakht, ML Schlyer, DJ Wolf, AP AF Firouzbakht, ML Schlyer, DJ Wolf, AP TI Yield measurements for the B-11(p,n)C-11 and the B-10(d,n)C-11 nuclear reactions SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nuclear reaction; isotope production; cyclotron targets AB The yields from the B-11(p,n)C-11 nuclear reactions have been measured over the energy range of 0-28.6 MeV. The yields from the B-10(d,n)C-11 nuclear reactions have been measured over the energy range of 0-21.5 MeV. Cross section values were derived from the yield data. The yield measurements were carried out on sealed samples of boron powder isotopically enriched to greater than 93%. The target holders were constructed of aluminum and each contained 50 mg of boron powder to achieve high energy resolution, but with sufficient material to ensure accurate cross-section measurements. C-11 yields were determined by decay-curve analysis. Our data show that at energies below 5 MeV, the B-11(p,n)C-11 nuclear reaction can be expected to produce 250 mCi of C-11 (based on a 30 min irradiation at a beam current of 100 mu A). (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Schlyer, DJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 555A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-15380] NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0969-8051 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 25 IS 2 BP 161 EP 164 DI 10.1016/S0969-8051(97)00136-4 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA YN130 UT WOS:000071136100012 PM 9468031 ER PT J AU Ayres, DS AF Ayres, DS TI Detectors for the MINOS long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN AB The MMOS long-baseline experiment will use an intense neutrino beam, generated by Fermilab's Main Injector accelerator, and a 730 km flight path to search for neutrino oscillations. The 10,000 ton MINOS far detector will utilize toroidally magnetized steel plates interleaved with track chambers to reconstruct event topologies and to measure the energies of the muons, hadrons and electromagnetic showers produced by neutrino interactions. The MINOS collaboration is currently developing three alternative technologies for the track chambers: 'Iarocci' tubes (operated in either limited streamer or saturated proportional mode), RPC's (with either glass or ABS plates), and scintillator (either liquid or plastic) with wavelength shifting fiber readout. The technology choice will be made in mid 1997 based on the projected performance and cost of the 32,000 m(2) active detector system. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ayres, DS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 12 EP 20 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400004 ER PT J AU Madaras, RJ AF Madaras, RJ TI Detector implications for electroweak physics at the Tevatron SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN ID W-BOSON MASS; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV AB This paper discusses how various performance aspects of the D empty set and CDF detectors at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider affect the electroweak physics that is done with these detectors. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Madaras, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 21 EP 31 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00534-3 PG 11 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400005 ER PT J AU Giglietto, N AF Giglietto, N CA MACRO collaboration TI Performance of the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso: Moon shadow and seasonal variations SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN AB The MACRO underground detector at Gran Sasso has recorded about 30 million muon events in the period 1989-1995. We have analyzed these data to look for time variations and to study the pointing capabilities of the apparatus in the search for astrophysical point sources. We have observed a 3% seasonal variation of the high energy muon rate, due to atmospheric temperature variations, in agreement with theoretical predictions. We report also the detection of the moon shadowing effect with a statistical significance of 3.7 sigma. The results obtained straighten the possibility that a "muon astronomy" using underground experiments is possible. C1 Univ Naples Federico 2, Dipartimento Fis, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, I-67010 Laquila, Italy. Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Indiana Univ, Dept Astron, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Fis, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. Univ Lecce, Dipartimento Fis, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. CNR, Ist Tesre, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56010 Pisa, Italy. Univ Mohammed 1, Fac Sci, Oujda 424, Morocco. Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. Univ Trieste, I-34100 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34100 Trieste, Italy. Univ Rome, Dipartimento Energet, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. Inst Grav & Space Sci, Bucharest 76900, Romania. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Swarthmore Coll, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA. IPEN, BR-05422970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Giglietto, N (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico 2, Dipartimento Fis, I-80125 Naples, Italy. RI giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Cei, Fabrizio/M-8891-2016; Martello, Daniele/J-3131-2012; Guarino, Fausto/I-3166-2012; gustavino, carlo/K-4355-2015; Barbarino, Giancarlo/L-2559-2015; OI giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Cei, Fabrizio/0000-0002-8313-3540; ERRIQUEZ, Onofrio/0000-0002-9784-6568; Martello, Daniele/0000-0003-2046-3910; Guarino, Fausto/0000-0003-1427-9885; Bellotti, Roberto/0000-0003-3198-2708; gustavino, carlo/0000-0003-3232-7027; Barbarino, Giancarlo/0000-0001-9253-3397; Sciubba, Adalberto/0000-0002-3301-9176; Monteno, Marco/0000-0002-3521-6333; Carboni, Massimo/0000-0003-4296-3799; Petrera, Sergio/0000-0002-6029-1255; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672; De Mitri, Ivan/0000-0002-8665-1730; Coutu, Stephane/0000-0003-2923-2246 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 180 EP 184 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400030 ER PT J AU DeWitt, J Dorfan, DE Dubbs, T Grillo, AA Kashigin, S Kroeger, W Pulliam, T Rahn, J Rowe, WA Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Spencer, E Webster, A Wichmann, R Wilder, M Williams, DC Dane, J Lankford, A Pier, S Schmid, B Bonino, R Couyoumtzelis, C Demierre, P Fujita, K Handa, T Iwata, Y Ohsugi, T Iwasaki, H Kohriki, T Kondo, T Terada, S Unno, Y Takashima, R Ciocio, A Collins, T Emes, J Gilchriese, MGD Haber, C Kipnis, I Shapiro, M Siegrist, J Spieler, H Moorhead, G Nakao, M Tamura, N Dabrowski, W Idzik, M Godlewski, J Grewal, A Nickerson, R Wastie, R Gao, Y Gonzalez, S Feng, Z Walsh, AM AF DeWitt, J Dorfan, DE Dubbs, T Grillo, AA Kashigin, S Kroeger, W Pulliam, T Rahn, J Rowe, WA Sadrozinski, HFW Seiden, A Spencer, E Webster, A Wichmann, R Wilder, M Williams, DC Dane, J Lankford, A Pier, S Schmid, B Bonino, R Couyoumtzelis, C Demierre, P Fujita, K Handa, T Iwata, Y Ohsugi, T Iwasaki, H Kohriki, T Kondo, T Terada, S Unno, Y Takashima, R Ciocio, A Collins, T Emes, J Gilchriese, MGD Haber, C Kipnis, I Shapiro, M Siegrist, J Spieler, H Moorhead, G Nakao, M Tamura, N Dabrowski, W Idzik, M Godlewski, J Grewal, A Nickerson, R Wastie, R Gao, Y Gonzalez, S Feng, Z Walsh, AM TI Performance of the binary silicon system for ATLAS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN ID DETECTORS; SDC AB We report on the results from a beam test of a binary silicon strip system proposed for ATLAS. The data were collected during the H8 beam test at CERN in 1995 and at a beam test at KEK in 1996. The binary modules tested had been assembled from silicon micro-strip detectors of different layout and from front-end electronics chips of different architecture. The efficiency, noise occupancy, and position resolution were determined asa function of the threshold setting for various bias voltages and angles of incidence. Interstrip effects were also evaluated using a high resolution telescope. The performance of a prototype detector module irradiated to a fluence of 1.2x10(14)p/cm(2) is also characterized. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Univ Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan. KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Okayama Univ, Okayama 700, Japan. IPNT, Krakow, Poland. INP, Krakow, Poland. Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. RP DeWitt, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RI Moorhead, Gareth/B-6634-2009; Idzik, Marek/A-2487-2017 OI Moorhead, Gareth/0000-0002-9299-9549; NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 218 EP 223 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00565-3 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400036 ER PT J AU Pitts, KT AF Pitts, KT CA CDF Collaboration TI The CDF Central Outer Tracker SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN ID CHAMBER AB We describe the CDF Central Outer Tracker (COT), an open-cell drift chamber currently being constructed for the CDF detector to run at the upgraded Fermilab Tevatron collider. This detector will provide central tracking with excellent momentum resolution in the high-density environment of a hadron collider. It will be able to resolve 132 ns beam crossings and provide tracking trigger information to the Level 1 trigger. The design is based upon the existing and successful CDF Central Tracking Chamber. The mechanical and electrical design and construction are presented. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Pitts, KT (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 230 EP 235 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00567-7 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400038 ER PT J AU Cavallo, N Anulli, F Asmone, A Ferroli, RB Bionta, RM Buzzo, A Calcaterra, A Carlino, GP Contri, R Crosetti, G deSangro, R Fabozzi, F Falciai, D Franchi, T Johnson, JR Lista, L LoVetere, M Macri, M Mele, S Monge, R Palano, A Pallavicini, M Paolucci, P Parascandolo, P Patrignani, C Peruzzi, I Pia, MG Piccolo, D Piccolo, M Robutti, E Santroni, A Sciacca, C van Bibber, K Wenaus, TJ Wright, DM Zallo, A AF Cavallo, N Anulli, F Asmone, A Ferroli, RB Bionta, RM Buzzo, A Calcaterra, A Carlino, GP Contri, R Crosetti, G deSangro, R Fabozzi, F Falciai, D Franchi, T Johnson, JR Lista, L LoVetere, M Macri, M Mele, S Monge, R Palano, A Pallavicini, M Paolucci, P Parascandolo, P Patrignani, C Peruzzi, I Pia, MG Piccolo, D Piccolo, M Robutti, E Santroni, A Sciacca, C van Bibber, K Wenaus, TJ Wright, DM Zallo, A TI The muon and K-L detector for the BaBar experiment: Physics requirements, final design and start of construction SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN ID RPC TRIGGER SYSTEM AB Resistive Plate Chambers have been chosen as active elements for the mu and K-L detector in the BaBar experiment. This subsystem, now under construction, represents the most extensive use to date of the RPC technology. The design considerations are presented, together with preliminary results on the operating characteristics. C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, I-16126 Genoa, Italy. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Bari, I-70121 Bari, Italy. RP Cavallo, N (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80125 Naples, Italy. RI Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Pallavicini, Marco/G-5500-2012 OI Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Sciacca, Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072; Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Pallavicini, Marco/0000-0001-7309-3023 NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 244 EP 249 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00569-0 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400040 ER PT J AU Cho, HS Kadyk, J Palaio, N Hong, WS Perez-Mendez, V Burks, M Retiere, F Luk, KB Joo, KS Vujic, J AF Cho, HS Kadyk, J Palaio, N Hong, WS Perez-Mendez, V Burks, M Retiere, F Luk, KB Joo, KS Vujic, J TI Performance and spark damage studies of microgap gas chambers fabricated with selected anode metals SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN AB Microgap gas chambers (MGCs) fabricated with selected anode metals, including aluminum, gold, chromium, nickel and titanium/tungsten (10/90) have been used in order to study the effect of these different metals upon gas gain, aging, and spark damage. Gas mixtures used for systematic tests of performance are argon/ethane (50/50) and argon/dimethyl ether (50/50). The effects of spark damage by discharge are found to be very sensitive to the metal used for anode strips, and a systematic study of spark damage effects has been made to compare their relative sensitivity to failure, over a range of electrical discharge energies. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cho, HS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 258 EP 263 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00571-9 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400042 ER PT J AU Kadyk, J AF Kadyk, J CA DIRC Collaboration TI DIRC: A new type of Cherenkov ring imaging particle identifier SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN AB The DIRC is a new type of Cherenkov ring imaging detector, to be used for particle identification in the BaBar detector. The basic concept of DIRC is explained and the design for its use in BaBar is described here. Beam tests have been performed using a prototype DIRC detector and the results are consistent with earlier cosmic ray tests and with Monte Carlo simulations, showing that the DIRC as designed is quite adequate for the particle identification demands of the BaBar experiment The photon yield parameter, Ng, was measured to be (143+/-8) /cm, neglecting attenuation in the DIRC bar, which was measured to be (4.1+/-0.7)%/meter. C1 LAL, Orsay, France. DAPNIA, Saclay, France. LPNHE, Paris, France. LPNHE Polytech, Palaiseau, France. SLAC, Stanford, CA USA. LBNL, Stanford, CA USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Kadyk, J (reprint author), LAL, Orsay, France. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 283 EP 288 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00575-6 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400046 ER PT J AU Schieber, M Zuck, A Braiman, M Nissenbaum, J Turchetta, R Dulinski, W Husson, D Riester, JL AF Schieber, M Zuck, A Braiman, M Nissenbaum, J Turchetta, R Dulinski, W Husson, D Riester, JL TI Evaluation of mercuric iodide ceramic semiconductor detectors SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN AB Mercuric iodide ceramic radiation detectors, which can act as nuclear particle counters, have been fabricated with single continuos electrical contacts and with linear strip contacts. They have been tested with different kinds of gamma and beta sources as well as in a high energy beam at CERN. The detectors were also successfully tested for radiation hardness with irradiation of 5(double dagger)10(14) neutrons/cm(2). The ratio of detected photons over the number of absorbed photons has been measured with gamma sources of different energies, and it ranges from 20% at 44 keV up to about 30% at 660 keV. An absolute efficiency of 70% has been measured for a 350 mu m thick detector for beta particles emitted by a Sr-90 source. Charge collection efficiency, defined as the amount of charge induced on the electrodes by a Minimum Ionizing Particle (MIP) traversing the detector, has been measured in two samples. The average collected charge fits well with a linear curve with slope of 35 electrons/(kV/cm) per 100 mu m. This result is well described by a dynamic device simulation, where the free carrier mean lifetime is used as a free parameter, adjusted to a value of 1.5 ns, i.e. about 1/100 of the corresponding lifetime in single crystal HgI2 detectors. The response to MIP has also been studied with a high energy (100 GeV) muon beam in CERN. A preliminary beam profile is presented while a more detailed analysis is still in progress and will be presented elsewhere. These results together with the low cost of the material make ceramic HgI2 detectors excellent candidates for large area particle tracking and imaging applications, even in a radiation harsh environment. C1 Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. ULP, IN2P3, LEPSI, Strasbourg, France. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Schieber, M (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 321 EP 329 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00581-1 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400052 ER PT J AU Mishina, M AF Mishina, M TI Results of R & D for the proposed intermediate fiber tracker for CDF SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN AB A fine granularity scintillating fiber tracking system was proposed for the inetermediate radial range of CDF between silicon vertex detector and central drift chamber. Detailed study of the expected performance especially under high radiation dose showed that the system is highly efficient for the intergrated luminosity of 2 fb(-1) to be accumulated in Run II, the run after the Main Injector is completed. Rate capability study was conducted on SSPM and it was found that the high efficiency is well maintained up to several MHz that is expected in Run II. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, KEK, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Mishina, M (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, KEK, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 372 EP 377 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00589-6 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400060 ER PT J AU Ambrogiani, M Baldini, W Bettoni, D Bombonati, M Bonora, G Bonsi, D Calabrese, R Carassiti, V Chiozzi, S Frabetti, S Gasteyer, T Luppi, E Milano, L Mussa, R Rivetta, C Rossetto, L Stancari, G Wheelwright, P AF Ambrogiani, M Baldini, W Bettoni, D Bombonati, M Bonora, G Bonsi, D Calabrese, R Carassiti, V Chiozzi, S Frabetti, S Gasteyer, T Luppi, E Milano, L Mussa, R Rivetta, C Rossetto, L Stancari, G Wheelwright, P TI The E835 scintillating fiber tracking detector SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN ID SILICON STRIP DETECTORS; LIGHT PHOTON COUNTERS; HIGH-SPEED; PREAMPLIFIER AB This paper describes the scintillating fiber tracking detector designed and built for the Fermilab experiment E835. This detector uses Visible Light Photon Counters (VLPC) readout system and is in use at the (p) over bar accumulator ring at Fermilab. A description of the components of the detector and preliminary results of its performances are given. C1 Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Ambrogiani, M (reprint author), Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. RI Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; OI Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mussa, Roberto/0000-0002-0294-9071 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 384 EP 389 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00591-4 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400062 ER PT J AU Biggeri, U Borchi, E Bruzzi, M Li, Z Verbitskaya, E AF Biggeri, U Borchi, E Bruzzi, M Li, Z Verbitskaya, E TI Radiation damage on silicon after very high neutron fluence irradiation SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN ID DETECTORS AB Silicon wafers with two different resistivities were used to produce p(+)n junction and bulk samples. Irradiations were performed at high neutron flux and with fluence ranging from 10(13) n/cm(2) to 4 10(15)n/cm(2). Bulk resistivity and Hall coefficient were measured on bulk samples using the four contact probe method. Measurements of capacitance and current versus voltage characteristics (CV-IV), Thermally Stimulated Currents (TSC), laser induced current Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy (I-DLTS) and Transient Currents by Transient Currents Technique (TCT) were performed on irradiated diodes showing a strong degradation of the detector performances after very high fluences of irradiation. Above 10(15) n/cm(2) the well known monotonic increase of the full depletion voltage seems to have a quadratic dependence on the fluence. In this extreme fluence range, the values calculated for the space charge concentration are of the order of 10(15) cm(-3) : the same order of magnitude was found by TSC and I-DLTS analyses for the concentration of the deepest radiation induced traps. Moreover, TCT measurements suggest that it is practically impossible to deplete the most irradiated detectors and that there is virtually no difference between front and back contacts. C1 Dipartimento Energet Sergio Stecco, I-50139 Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50139 Florence, Italy. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, SU-194021 St Petersburg, Russia. RP Biggeri, U (reprint author), Dipartimento Energet Sergio Stecco, Via S Marta 3, I-50139 Florence, Italy. RI Verbitskaya, Elena/D-1521-2014; Bruzzi, Mara/K-1326-2015 OI Bruzzi, Mara/0000-0001-7344-8365 NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 475 EP 480 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00605-1 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400076 ER PT J AU Citterio, M Kierstead, J Rescia, S Radeka, V AF Citterio, M Kierstead, J Rescia, S Radeka, V TI Si-JFET devices and related noise behavior under irradiation SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN ID RADIATION AB Monolithic N-channel junction field effect transistors (NJFETs) de characteristics, small signal parameters and noise have been studied from 300 K down to cryogenic temperatures before and after irradiation with Co-60 gamma-rays and fast neutrons (1 MeV). Radiation induced effects on de parameters and noise are reviewed. Noise spectral density measurements performed at various temperatures have shown that the radiation induces a noise increase which is temperature and frequency dependent. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Rescia, Sergio/D-8604-2011 OI Rescia, Sergio/0000-0003-2411-8903 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 526 EP 531 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00613-0 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400084 ER PT J AU Manfredi, PF Kipnis, I Leona, A Luo, L Mandelli, E Momayezi, M Nyman, M Pedrali-Noy, M Re, V Roe, N Svelto, F AF Manfredi, PF Kipnis, I Leona, A Luo, L Mandelli, E Momayezi, M Nyman, M Pedrali-Noy, M Re, V Roe, N Svelto, F TI The analog front-end section of the BaBar silicon vertex tracker readout IC SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics (ICATPP-5) CY OCT 07-11, 1996 CL COMO, ITALY SP European Phys Soc, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Florence, INFN AB This paper describes the evolution in the analog section of the vertex detector readout chip for the BaBar experiment. In order to optimize its behaviour, an intermediate chip reproducing the analog part alone was developed and tested. It provided some useful design hints that provided the basis for the final conception of the analog front-end as it is now operational in the complete BaBar chip. C1 Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavi, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Manfredi, PF (reprint author), Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, Via Ferrata 1, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. OI Re, Valerio/0000-0003-0697-3420 NR 6 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD FEB PY 1998 SU 61B BP 532 EP 538 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(97)00614-2 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA YN972 UT WOS:000071228400085 ER PT J AU Rao, NSV AF Rao, NSV TI Vector space methods for sensor fusion problems SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensor Fusion - Architectures, Algorithms, and Applications CY APR 24-25, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE sensor fusion; fusion rule estimation; empirical estimation; vector space methods ID NETWORKS; LEARNERS AB In a multiple sensor system, the sensor S-j, j = 1, 2, ..., N, outputs Y-(j) is an element of R in response to input X is an element of [0,1], according to an unknown probability distribution P-y(j/X). The problem is to estimate a fusion function f:R-N bar arrow right [0, 1], based on a training sample, such that the expected square error is minimized over a family of functions F that constitutes a finite-dimensional vector space. The function f* that exactly minimizes the expected error cannot be computed since the underlying distributions are unknown, and only an approximation (f) over cap to f* is feasible, We estimate the sample size sufficiently to ensure that an estimator (f) over cap that minimizes the empirical square error provides a close approximation to f* with a high probability. The advantages of vector space methods are twofold: (1) the sample size estimate is a simple function of the dimensionality of F and (2) the estimate (f) over cap can be easily computed by the well-known least square methods in polynomial time. The results are applicable to the classical potential function method as well as to a recently proposed class of sigmoidal feedforward neural networks. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical instrumentation Engineers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mailstop 6364,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM raons@ornl.gov OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 37 IS 2 BP 499 EP 504 DI 10.1117/1.601638 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA YX568 UT WOS:000072053600016 ER PT J AU Powers, PE Kulp, TJ Bisson, SE AF Powers, PE Kulp, TJ Bisson, SE TI Continuous tuning of a continuous-wave periodically poled lithium niobate optical parametric oscillator by use of a fan-out grating design SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WAVELENGTH; LINBO3; POWER AB We report on a new periodically poled lithium niobate grating design with a continuous grating-period change (fan-out). We observed 350 cm(-1) (80 nm at 1.5 mu m) of complete spectral coverage at a constant temperature in a cw optical parametric oscillator. Complete spectral coverage is demonstrated by measurement of an absorption band of CO2. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. OCIS codes: 140.0140, 300.0300, 300.6360, 300.6340, 190.0190, 190.4970. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Powers, PE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 6 TC 147 Z9 151 U1 1 U2 12 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 3 BP 159 EP 161 DI 10.1364/OL.23.000159 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA YU188 UT WOS:000071691100005 PM 18084445 ER PT J AU Everett, MJ Schoenenberger, K Colston, BW Da Silva, LB AF Everett, MJ Schoenenberger, K Colston, BW Da Silva, LB TI Birefringence characterization of biological tissue by use of optical coherence tomography SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REFLECTOMETER AB An improved polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (OCT) system is developed and used to measure birefringence in porcine myocardium tissue and produce two-dimensional birefringence mapping of the tissue. Signal-to-noise issues that cause systematic measurement errors are analyzed to determine the regime in which such measurements are accurate. The advantage of polarization-sensitive OCT systems over standard OCT systems in avoiding image artifacts caused by birefringence is also demonstrated. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Everett, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 8 TC 211 Z9 221 U1 0 U2 12 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 3 BP 228 EP 230 DI 10.1364/OL.23.000228 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA YU188 UT WOS:000071691100028 PM 18084468 ER PT J AU Wischnewski, A Buchenau, U Dianoux, AJ Kamitakahara, WA Zarestky, JL AF Wischnewski, A Buchenau, U Dianoux, AJ Kamitakahara, WA Zarestky, JL TI Neutron scattering analysis of low-frequency modes in silica SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Workshop on Disordered Systems CY MAR 03-06, 1997 CL ANDALO, ITALY SP Univ Trento, Dipartiemento Fis, Grp Nazl Struttura Mat, Consiglio Nazl Ric, Cassa Risparmio Trento & Rovereto ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; VITREOUS SILICA; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; PHONON LOCALIZATION; AMORPHOUS SOLIDS; GLASSES; HEAT; BEHAVIOR; DYNAMICS AB We report coherent inelastic neutron scattering results in vitreous silica at temperatures up to 1673 K, 200 K above the glass transition. As in earlier low-temperature data, clear evidence is seen for non-sound-wave modes at the boson peak. Contrary to other glass formers, silica shows nearly no fast relaxations at the glass transition. The combination of the neutron spectra with recent X-ray Brillouin data allows the identification of the scattering mechanisms for high-frequency sound waves in the glass. Below 1 THz, one has resonant scattering from low-frequency vibrations and above 1 THz, Rayleigh scattering from the atomic disorder. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. NIST, Div Reactor Radiat, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, Postfach 1913, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RI Wischnewski, Andreas/J-9415-2013 OI Wischnewski, Andreas/0000-0003-2401-2850 NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 77 IS 2 BP 579 EP 589 DI 10.1080/13642819808204986 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA YW812 UT WOS:000071976500043 ER PT J AU Aranson, IS Tsimring, LS AF Aranson, IS Tsimring, LS TI Formation of periodic and localized patterns in an oscillating granular layer SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Bar-Ilan Conference on Frontiers in Condensed Matter Physics CY MAR 31-APR 03, 1997 CL BAR-ILAN UNIV, RAMAT GAN, ISRAEL SP Bar Ilan Univ, Bar Ilan Univ, Fac Nat Sci HO BAR-ILAN UNIV ID SURFACE-WAVES; TRANSITION; DISORDER AB A simple phenomenological model for pattern formation in a vertically vibrated layer of granular particles is proposed. This model exhibits a variety of stable cellular patterns including standing rolls and squares as well as localized excitations (oscillons and worms), similar to recent experimental observations (Umbanhowar et al., 1996). The model is an order parameter equation for the parametrically excited waves coupled to the mass conservation law. The structure and dynamics of the solutions resemble closely the properties of patterns observed in the experiments. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Bar Ilan Univ, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Nonlinear Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Aranson, IS (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013 NR 14 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 249 IS 1-4 BP 103 EP 110 DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(97)00437-8 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ZB572 UT WOS:000072486000014 ER PT J AU Hagberg, A Meron, E AF Hagberg, A Meron, E TI Kinematic equations for front motion and spiral-wave nucleation SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Bar-Ilan Conference on Frontiers in Condensed Matter Physics CY MAR 31-APR 03, 1997 CL BAR-ILAN UNIV, RAMAT GAN, ISRAEL SP Bar Ilan Univ, Bar Ilan Univ, Fac Nat Sci HO BAR-ILAN UNIV ID REACTION-DIFFUSION-SYSTEMS; EXCITABLE MEDIA; PATTERN-FORMATION; MODEL; PROPAGATION AB We present a new set of kinematic equations for front motion in bistable media. The equations extend earlier kinematic approaches by coupling the front curvature with the order parameter associated with a parity-breaking front bifurcation. In addition to naturally describing the core region of rotating spiral waves, the equations can be used to study the nucleation of spiral-wave pairs along uniformly propagating fronts. The analysis of spiral-wave nucleation reduces to the simpler problem of droplet. or domain. nucleation in one space dimension. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel. Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Phys, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T7, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Meron, E (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel. RI MERON, EHUD/F-1810-2012 NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 249 IS 1-4 BP 118 EP 124 DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(97)00439-1 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ZB572 UT WOS:000072486000016 ER PT J AU Triolo, A Lin, JS Triolo, R AF Triolo, A Lin, JS Triolo, R TI Combined SANS and SAXS experiments in polyolefins hydrogenated oligocyclopentadiene (HOCP) blends SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Bar-Ilan Conference on Frontiers in Condensed Matter Physics CY MAR 31-APR 03, 1997 CL BAR-ILAN UNIV, RAMAT GAN, ISRAEL SP Bar Ilan Univ, Bar Ilan Univ, Fac Nat Sci HO BAR-ILAN UNIV DE SANS; SAXS; polymer blends; HDPE; iPP; HOCP ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; POLYMERS AB Lamellar morphology in semicrystyalline polymer blends (iPP/HOCP and HDPE/HOCP) is investigated by means of Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAYS) and Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS). The investigated blends present a complex phase diagram, as they show a miscibility gap. SAXS scattering curves of blends lying outside the miscibility gap can be analysed in the frame of the psuedo two phase model. in order to describe the complex morphology of blends lying inside the miscibility gap, the SANS technique revealed necessary. In this paper a novel method to describe the morphology of these complex systems by means of SANS is presented. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Chim Fis, I-90123 Palermo, Italy. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Triolo, A (reprint author), Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Chim Fis, Via Archirafi 26, I-90123 Palermo, Italy. RI Triolo, Alessandro/B-7760-2008; Triolo, Alessandro/A-4431-2012 OI Triolo, Alessandro/0000-0003-4074-0743 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 249 IS 1-4 BP 362 EP 368 DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(97)00492-5 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ZB572 UT WOS:000072486000053 ER PT J AU Vinokur, V Khaykovich, B Zeldov, E Konczykowski, M Doyle, RA Kes, PH AF Vinokur, V Khaykovich, B Zeldov, E Konczykowski, M Doyle, RA Kes, PH TI Lindemann criterion and vortex-matter phase transitions in high-temperature superconductors SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID LATTICE-MELTING TRANSITION; FLUX-LINE-LATTICE; UNTWINNED YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; BI2SR2CACU2O8 CRYSTALS; GLASS-TRANSITION; CROSSOVER; DIAGRAM; MODEL; STATE AB The vortex-matter in superconductors is generally believed to exist in two main phases, vortex-solid and vortex-liquid. Recent investigations of the phase diagram of anisotropic high-temperature superconductors indicate, however, the existence of at least three distinct phases: relatively ordered quasi-lattice, highly-disordered entangled vortex-solid, and a liquid phase. A theoretical analysis in terms of an extended Lindemann criterion provides a quantitative description of the resulting vortex-matter phase boundaries and the behavior of the transition lines with varying anisotropy and disorder. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Ecole Polytech, Solides Irradies Lab, CNRS, URA 1380, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Cambridge, Irc Superconduct, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. Rijksuniv Leiden, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Vinokur, V (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Khaykovich, Boris/A-7376-2012; Zeldov, Eli/K-1546-2012 OI Khaykovich, Boris/0000-0002-9490-2771; Zeldov, Eli/0000-0002-8200-4974 NR 41 TC 195 Z9 195 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 295 IS 3-4 BP 209 EP 217 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(97)01795-4 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ZJ821 UT WOS:000073257000005 ER PT J AU Li, YL Nilsen, J AF Li, YL Nilsen, J TI Scaling laws for electron densities and gain coefficients in low-Z Ne-like lasers SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID X-RAY LASER; PREPULSE TECHNIQUE; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; TRANSITIONS; IONS AB Based on a 4-level model scaling laws for lasing in low-Z neon like ions are derived. The optimum electron density is found to follow a form of N-opt similar to (Z - 8.8)(6.1), and the maximum gain coefficient follows G(opt) similar to (Z - 7.0)(2.7); at conditions near the optimum, the gain coefficient is found to be proportional to N-e(1 - 0.5N(e)/N-opt). C1 Max Planck Inst Quantenopt, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Li, YL (reprint author), Univ Jena, Inst Opt & Quantenelekt, Max Wien Pl 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 237 EP 241 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/57/2/015 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YW677 UT WOS:000071961500015 ER PT J AU Stohlker, T Ionescu, DC Rymuza, P Bosch, F Geissel, H Kozhuharov, C Ludziejewski, T Mokler, PH Scheidenberger, C Stachura, Z Warczak, A Dunford, RW AF Stohlker, T Ionescu, DC Rymuza, P Bosch, F Geissel, H Kozhuharov, C Ludziejewski, T Mokler, PH Scheidenberger, C Stachura, Z Warczak, A Dunford, RW TI K-shell excitation studied for H- and He-like bismuth ions in collisions with low-Z target atoms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID INTERMEDIATE VELOCITY RANGE; PROJECTILES; IONIZATION; ELECTRON; STATE AB The formation of excited projectile states via Coulomb excitation is investigated for hydrogenlike and heliumlike bismuth projectiles (Z = 83) in relativistic ion-atom collisions; The excitation process was unambiguously identified by observing the radiative decay of the excited levels to the vacant Is shell in coincidence with ions that did not undergo charge exchange in the reaction target. In particular, owing to the large fine-structure splitting of Bi, the excitation cross sections to the various L-shell sublevels are determined separately. The results are compared with detailed relativistic calculations, showing that both the relativistic character of the bound-state wave functions and the magnetic interaction are of considerable importance for the K-shell excitation process in high-Z ions such as Bi, The experimental data confirm the result of the complete relativistic calculations, namely, that the magnetic part of the Lienard-Wiechert interaction leads to a significant reduction of the K-shell excitation cross section. [S1050-2947(98)00801-4]. C1 Gesell Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin, Bereich Theoret Phys, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-05400 Swierk, Poland. Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Stohlker, T (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, August Enler Str 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. EM t.stoehlker@gsi.de; dorin_ionescu@macmail.lbl.gov NR 27 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 845 EP 854 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.57.845 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YW253 UT WOS:000071913800028 ER PT J AU Lopez-Urrutia, JRC Beiersdorfer, P Widmann, K Birkett, BB Martensson-Pendrill, AM Gustavsson, MGH AF Lopez-Urrutia, JRC Beiersdorfer, P Widmann, K Birkett, BB Martensson-Pendrill, AM Gustavsson, MGH TI Nuclear magnetization distribution radii determined by hyperfine transitions in the 1s level of H-like ions Re-185(74+) and Re-187(74+) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC PARITY NONCONSERVATION; ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT; HYDROGENLIKE ATOMS; CHARGE RADII; THALLIUM; CESIUM; NEUTRON; BI-209; MODEL AB The F=3 to F=2 hyperfine transitions in the is ground state of the two isotopes Re-185(74+) and Re-187(74+) were measured to be (4560.5+/-3) Angstrom and (4516.9+/-3) Angstrom, respectively, using emission spectroscopy in an electron beam ion trap. After applying appropriate corrections for the nuclear charge distribution and QED effects, a Bohr-Weisskopf effect of epsilon=2.23(9)% and 2.30(9)% are found for Re-185 and Re-187, respectively. This value is almost twice that of a previous theoretical estimate, and indicates a distribution of the nuclear magnetization far more extended than that of the nuclear charge. A radius of the magnetization distribution of [r(m)(2)](1/2) = 7.57(32) fm and [r(m)(2)](1/2) = 7.69(32) fm for Re-185 and Re-187, respectively, is inferred from the data. These radii are larger than the nuclear charge distribution radius [[r(c)(2)](1/2) = 5.39 (1) fm] for both isotopes by factors 1.40(6) and 1.43(6), respectively. We find that the Bohr-Weisskopf effect in H-like ions is a sensitive probe of nuclear magnetization distribution, especially for cases where the charge distribution and magnetic moments are accurately known. [S1050-2947(98)02002-2]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Gothenburg Univ, Dept Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Chalmers Univ Technol, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Lopez-Urrutia, JRC (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R./F-7069-2011 OI Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R./0000-0002-2937-8037 NR 56 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 879 EP 887 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YW253 UT WOS:000071913800032 ER PT J AU Shlyaptseva, AS Mancini, RC Neill, P Beiersdorfer, P Lopez-Urrutia, JRC Widmann, K AF Shlyaptseva, AS Mancini, RC Neill, P Beiersdorfer, P Lopez-Urrutia, JRC Widmann, K TI Polarization-dependent spectra of x-ray dielectronic satellite lines of Be-like Fe SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION; ULTRASHORT LASER-PULSES; HIGHLY CHARGED IONS; HELIUM-LIKE; CROSS-SECTIONS; SOLAR-FLARES; HE-LIKE; PLASMAS; TRAP; XXV AB We have studied the polarization properties of dielectronic satellite lines in Be-like Fe ions excited through resonant electron capture by an electron beam. Using the photon density-matrix formalism, we have calculated the degree of polarization and polarization-dependent spectra of dielectronic satellite lines, i.e., the spectral intensity distribution of lines associated with a given polarization state. Theoretical results have been compared with experiments performed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory electron-beam ion trap where dielectronic satellite line emission from Fe ions produced at different energies of the electron beam was simultaneously recorded with two crystal spectrometers, These spectrometers had different polarization sensitivities. The experimental spectra recorded by the two spectrometers are reproduced by the theory. This ability to model the polarization dependence of x-ray line spectra is important for the diagnosis of electron beams in plasmas. [S1050-2947(98)02302-6]. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Shlyaptseva, AS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RI Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R./F-7069-2011 OI Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R./0000-0002-2937-8037 NR 42 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 888 EP 898 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.57.888 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YW253 UT WOS:000071913800033 ER PT J AU Sohlberg, K Tuzun, RE Sumpter, BG Noid, DW AF Sohlberg, K Tuzun, RE Sumpter, BG Noid, DW TI Full three-body primitive semiclassical treatment of H-2(+) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SEMI-CLASSICAL QUANTIZATION; FOURIER-TRANSFORM METHODS; GUSTAVSON NORMAL-FORM; NONSEPARABLE SYSTEMS; MULTIDIMENSIONAL SYSTEM; TRIATOMIC-MOLECULES; HELIUM DIMER; BOUND-STATES; EIGENVALUES; DYNAMICS AB Primitive semiclassical quantization of H-2(+) and D-2(+) without the restriction of the separation of electronic and nuclear motions. reveals the existence of a small (10%) classical contribution to the one-electron chemical bond. It is found that in the electronic ground state the electron is exchanged classically between the two nuclei and that this exchange is correlated with the molecular vibration. [S1050-2947(98)03302-2]. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Analyt Sci Div 4500N MS6197, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sohlberg, K (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Analyt Sci Div 4500N MS6197, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 51 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 906 EP 913 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.57.906 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YW253 UT WOS:000071913800035 ER PT J AU Holzer, G Forster, E Klopfel, D Beiersdorfer, P Brown, GV Lopez-Urrutia, JRC Widmann, K AF Holzer, G Forster, E Klopfel, D Beiersdorfer, P Brown, GV Lopez-Urrutia, JRC Widmann, K TI Absolute wavelength measurement of the Lyman-alpha transitions of hydrogenic Mg11+ SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID 1S LAMB-SHIFT; BEAM ION-TRAP; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; SPECTROSCOPY; ARGON; IRON AB The wavelengths of the 1s(1/2)-2p(1/2) and 1s(1/2)-2p(3/2) Lyman-alpha transitions have been measured in hydrogenic Mg11+ with an accuracy as high as 24 ppm. The measurement was carried out on an electron-beam ion trap and utilized a quasimonolithic crystal setup absolutely calibrated relative to optical standards. The resulting values for the two transitions were 0.842 50+/-0.000 04 and 0.841 90+/-0.000 02 nm, respectively. The measurement confirms calculations of the 1s-2p wavelengths and tests the size of the is Lamb shift to within 13%. [S1050-2947(98)05502-4]. C1 Univ Jena, Inst Opt & Quantum Elect, Xray Opt Grp, D-07743 Jena, Germany. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Space Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Holzer, G (reprint author), Univ Jena, Inst Opt & Quantum Elect, Xray Opt Grp, Max Wien Pl 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany. RI Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R./F-7069-2011 OI Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R./0000-0002-2937-8037 NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 945 EP 948 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.57.945 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YW253 UT WOS:000071913800038 ER PT J AU Dorner, R Brauning, H Feagin, JM Mergel, V Jagutzki, O Spielberger, L Vogt, T Khemliche, H Prior, MH Ullrich, J Cocke, CL Schmidt-Bocking, H AF Dorner, R Brauning, H Feagin, JM Mergel, V Jagutzki, O Spielberger, L Vogt, T Khemliche, H Prior, MH Ullrich, J Cocke, CL Schmidt-Bocking, H TI Photo-double-ionization of He: Fully differential and absolute electronic and ionic momentum distributions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID RESOLVED DOUBLE PHOTOIONIZATION; MULTIPLY IONIZING COLLISIONS; TO-SINGLE PHOTOIONIZATION; CROSS-SECTIONS; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; NEAR-THRESHOLD; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; COMPTON-SCATTERING; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; CONTINUUM STATES AB We measure fully differential cross sections for photo-double-ionization of helium at energies 1, 6, and 20 eV above threshold. The data have been obtained by measuring in coincidence the momentum vector of the He2+ ion and one of the electrons. Using-time-of-flight and imaging techniques, we cover a solid angle of 25-100 % 4 pi of the final-state continuum of all particles. Therefore the experiment is nor confined to any particular set of angles or energy sharing, and allows for a reliable absolute calibration We present momentum distributions of the ions and a comprehensive set of differential cross sections for electron emission. The latter are on an absolute scale and cover both equal and unequal energy sharing-for both the fast and the slow electron fixed-and a wide range of polar angles. We also present the first data for noncoplanar geometry. For all energies the cross section is sharply peaked around the coplanar emission, i.e., both electrons are prefer entially emitted in the plane of the recoiling ion and the photon polarization direction. For most of the geometries the shape of the cross sections is well described by fourth-order Wannier theory calculations. [S1050-2947(98)07802-0]. C1 Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Phys, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA. Gesell Schwerionen Forsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. RP Dorner, R (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, August Euler Str 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. EM doerner@ikf.uni-frankfurt.de RI Doerner, Reinhard/A-5340-2008 OI Doerner, Reinhard/0000-0002-3728-4268 NR 88 TC 110 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 1074 EP 1090 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.57.1074 PG 17 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YW253 UT WOS:000071913800053 ER PT J AU Moon, SJ Eder, DC AF Moon, SJ Eder, DC TI Theoretical investigation of an ultrashort-pulse coherent x-ray source at 45 angstrom SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID LASER; AMPLIFICATION; IONIZATION AB A scheme to obtain ultrashort-pulse coherent x rays, via population inversion following inner-shell photoionization, is analyzed for C at 45 Angstrom. We calculate that a driving laser with a pulse duration of 40 fs, a 10 mu mX1 cm line focus, and an energy of 1 J gives an effective gain length product (gl) of 10. At saturation (gl similar to 18) we expect an output of similar to 0.1 mu J per pulse. The short duration of x-ray lasing (<100 fs) combined with a 10-Hz repetition rate (P-avg=1 mu W) makes this source of coherent x rays ideal for pump-probe experiments to study fast dynamical processes in chemistry and material science. [S1050-2947(98)05902-2]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Moon, SJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 29 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 1391 EP 1394 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.57.1391 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YW253 UT WOS:000071913800091 ER PT J AU Decker, CD London, RA AF Decker, CD London, RA TI Designs for a compact Ni-like-tungsten x-ray laser SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID WAVELENGTH; EXCITATION; CARBON; PULSES AB We propose a scheme for a compact nickel-like-tungsten soft-x-ray laser operating on the 4d-4p, J=0-1 transition at 43.2 Angstrom. High gains are achieved by operating at high electron densities (n(e)>10(22) cm(-3)). In this regime, the gain during nonequilibrium ionization can greatly exceed that of the steady state. The duration of this transient gain is on the order of the ionization time, which makes picosecond-pulsed optical pumps ideal. Two target designs, solid tungsten slabs, and tungsten aerogels foams, are considered. We predict gains of 220 cm(-1) for a 1-mu m pump of intensity I=2.5X10(16) W/cm(2). [S1050-2947(98)06602-5]. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Decker, CD (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 1395 EP 1399 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.57.1395 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YW253 UT WOS:000071913800092 ER PT J AU Setzler, SD Stevens, KT Halliburton, LE Yan, M Zaitseva, NP DeYoreo, JJ AF Setzler, SD Stevens, KT Halliburton, LE Yan, M Zaitseva, NP DeYoreo, JJ TI Hydrogen atoms in KH2PO4 crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE; IRRADIATED KH2PO4; CENTERS; ABSORPTION AB Hydrogen atoms have been produced at 77 K in single crystals of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4 or KDP) using either 60-kV x rays or the fourth harmonic (266 nm) of a pulsed Nd:YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) laser. The electron-paramagnetic-resonance spectrum from these hydrogen atoms exhibits a characteristic 500-G hyperfine splitting and is easily saturated with microwave power. These atoms occupy interstitial sites and are electron traps. The corresponding hole trap is the well-known (HPO4)(-) hole center identified by its 31-G phosphorus hyperfine splitting. Both the hydrogen atoms and the hole centers thermally decay in the temperature range between 80 and 200 K. The observed displacement of protons by 266-nm photons provides direct evidence in support of the proton-transport mechanism recently proposed by Davis, Hughes, and Lee [Chem. Phys. Lett. 207, 540 (1993)] to explain laser-induced transient optical absorption at room temperature in KDP. C1 W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Setzler, SD (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 16 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 5 BP 2643 EP 2646 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.2643 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YV538 UT WOS:000071835100001 ER PT J AU Wischnewski, A Buchenau, U Dianoux, AJ Kamitakahara, WA Zarestky, JL AF Wischnewski, A Buchenau, U Dianoux, AJ Kamitakahara, WA Zarestky, JL TI Sound-wave scattering in silica SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; VITREOUS SILICA; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; PHONON LOCALIZATION; AMORPHOUS SOLIDS; GLASSES; MODEL; HEAT; DYNAMICS AB The combination of x-ray Brillouin scattering data with coherent inelastic neutron scattering results in vitreous silica allows us to identify the scattering mechanisms for high-frequency sound waves in the glass. Below one THz, one has resonant scattering from low-frequency vibrations, above one THz Rayleigh scattering from the atomic disorder. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. NIST, Div Reactor Radiat, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Wischnewski, A (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, Postfach 1913, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RI Wischnewski, Andreas/J-9415-2013 OI Wischnewski, Andreas/0000-0003-2401-2850 NR 29 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 5 BP 2663 EP 2666 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.2663 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YV538 UT WOS:000071835100006 ER PT J AU Aselage, TL Tallant, DR AF Aselage, TL Tallant, DR TI Association of broad icosahedral Raman bands with substitutional disorder in SiB3 and boron carbide SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID B4.3C AB The structure of silicon boride, SiB3, is based on 12-atom, boron-rich icosahedra in which silicon atoms substitute for some boron atoms. Raman bands associated with vibrations of icosahedral atoms in SiB3 are quite broad, reflecting this substitutional disorder. Comparing the Raman spectra of other icosahedral borides with SiB3, only boron carbides have similarly broad icosahedral Raman bands. The direct correlation of broad icosahedral Raman bands with substitutional disorder supports the proposition that carbon atoms replace icosahedral boron atoms in boron carbides of all compositions. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Aselage, TL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 5 BP 2675 EP 2678 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.2675 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YV538 UT WOS:000071835100009 ER PT J AU Uran, S Grimsditch, M Fullerton, EE Bader, SD AF Uran, S Grimsditch, M Fullerton, EE Bader, SD TI Infrared spectra of giant magnetoresistance Fe/Cr/Fe trilayers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; MAGNETIC MULTILAYERS; SUPERLATTICES AB Magnetic-field-induced changes in infrared transmission and reflection from Fe/Cr/Fe trilayers are reported; Changes as large as approximate to 1% (compared with 4-5 % changes in resistivity) are observed around 2000 cm(-1), and the magnitude of the effect decreases monotonically to zero at approximate to 5000 cm(-1). The field dependence mimics that of the resistivity, and saturates at the same field at which the magnetization of the two Fe layers align parallel to each other. A simple model, which estimates the frequency dependence of the resistivity and includes the frequency dependence of the skin depth, produces semiquantitative agreement with experiment. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Uran, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Fullerton, Eric/H-8445-2013 OI Fullerton, Eric/0000-0002-4725-9509 NR 17 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 5 BP 2705 EP 2708 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.2705 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YV538 UT WOS:000071835100017 ER PT J AU Sinha, SK Tolan, M Gibaud, A AF Sinha, SK Tolan, M Gibaud, A TI Effects of partial coherence on the scattering of x rays by matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LATERALLY STRUCTURED SURFACES; TOTAL EXTERNAL REFLECTION; GRAZING-INCIDENCE; TRUNCATION RODS; DIFFRACTION; RESOLUTION; SPECKLE; LENGTH AB We discuss the scattering of x rays by matter using the Huygens-Fresnel method, i.e., in the kinematic regime. We derive expressions for how the mutual coherence function (MCF) of the scattered radiation defined across an exit aperture, arises from the MCF of the incident radiation across the entrance aperture and the electron density distribution of the scatterer, and in particular calculate the intensity measured in a detector placed behind the exit aperture as a function of the nominal wave vector transfer q. We discuss the exact relationship between this intensity function and the usual density-density correlation function of the scatterer, and discuss the relationship between coherence and instrumental resolution effects in various regimes. The Fraunhofer and Fresnel regimes are distinguished and the incoherent and coherent limits are discussed. We illustrate the results with explicit calculations for (a) Bragg reflections from crystals and (b) scattering from surfaces. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Kiel, Inst Expt Phys, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. Univ Maine, Fac Sci, F-72017 Le Mans, France. RP Sinha, SK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 33 TC 91 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 5 BP 2740 EP 2758 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.2740 PG 19 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YV538 UT WOS:000071835100026 ER PT J AU Roder, J Hammerberg, JE Holian, BL Bishop, AR AF Roder, J Hammerberg, JE Holian, BL Bishop, AR TI Multichain Frenkel-Kontorova model for interfacial slip SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY LUBRICATION; SLIDING FRICTION; SURFACES; DYNAMICS AB Using the results of large-scale molecular-dynamics simulations of dry, wearless friction between two flat one-dimensional interfaces, a simple frictional model is formulated with specified parameters. The model, a two-chain-driven Frenkel-Kontorova model with unidirectional motion, is studied numerically and analytically. In a certain regime of slip velocities behavior similar to that of the large-scale simulations is observed. This is characterized by kink-antikink excitations and a weakening of frictional force with increasing slip velocity. The insights given by the simple model lead us to postulate a mechanism for the nucleation of structures perpendicular to the interface in the large-scale system. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Theoret & Computat Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Roder, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 28 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 5 BP 2759 EP 2766 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.2759 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YV538 UT WOS:000071835100027 ER PT J AU Zouboulis, ES Grimsditch, M Ramdas, AK Rodriguez, S AF Zouboulis, ES Grimsditch, M Ramdas, AK Rodriguez, S TI Temperature dependence of the elastic moduli of diamond: A Brillouin-scattering study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID REFRACTIVE-INDEX; RAMAN-SCATTERING; CRYSTALS; 1900-K AB Elastic moduli and refractive index of diamond, in the temperature range 300-1600 K, are determined using Brillouin scattering. The elastic moduli decrease by only approximate to 8% up to 1600 K, indicating that diamond retains its reputed hardness even at high temperatures. We review the most commonly employed scattering geometries in Brillouin scattering (viz. backscattering, 90 degrees scattering, and platelet geometries), and discuss in detail the experimental errors which must be considered in each case. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Natl Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Zografos 15780, Greece. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 29 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 5 BP 2889 EP 2896 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.2889 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YV538 UT WOS:000071835100042 ER PT J AU Zheludev, A Maslov, S Shirane, G Sasago, Y Koide, N Uchinokura, K AF Zheludev, A Maslov, S Shirane, G Sasago, Y Koide, N Uchinokura, K TI Field-induced incommensurate-to-commensurate transition in Ba2CuGe2O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC PHASE-DIAGRAM; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; GROUND-STATE; MNSI; CACUGE2O6; CUGEO3 AB We report an observation of a commensurate-incommensurate phase transition in the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya spiral antiferromagnet Ba2CuGe2O7. The transition is induced by an external magnetic field applied along the c axis of the tetragonal structure, i.e., in the plane of spin rotation. Bulk magnetic measurements and neutron-diffraction experiments show that the transition occurs in a critical field H-c approximate to 2.1 T. Experimental results for the period of the magnetic structure and magnetization as functions of magnetic field are in quantitative agreement with our exact analytical solution for Dzyaloshinskii's model of commensurate-incommensurate transitions in spiral magnets. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 113, Japan. RP Zheludev, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Maslov, Sergei/C-2397-2009 OI Maslov, Sergei/0000-0002-3701-492X NR 36 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 5 BP 2968 EP 2978 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.2968 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YV538 UT WOS:000071835100052 ER PT J AU Aranson, I Vinokur, V AF Aranson, I Vinokur, V TI Surface instabilities and vortex transport in current-carrying superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FLUX-LINE LATTICE; STRIPS; PHASE AB We investigate the stability of the vortex configuration in thin superconducting films and layered Josephson-coupled superconductors under an applied current analytically and by numerical simulations of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation. We show that the stationary vortex lattice becomes unstable with re spect to long-wavelength perturbations above some critical current I-c. We find that at currents slightly exceeding I-c the vortex phase develops plastic flow, where large coherent pieces of the lattice are separated by Lines of defects and slide with respect to each other. At elevated currents a transition to elastic flow is observed. We obtained the effective one-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau equation for a description of the vortex penetration from the edges. We discuss this transition in terms of a one-dimensional phase-slip phenomenon in superconducting wires with a periodically modulated temperature. We found several distinct dynamic vortex phases in the layered current-carrying superconductors. We show that for some intermediate range of the current, depending on the coupling between the layers, the coherent motion of the pancake vortices in different layers becomes unstable leading to dynamic decoupling. C1 Bar Ilan Univ, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Aranson, I (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013 NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 5 BP 3073 EP 3083 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.3073 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YV538 UT WOS:000071835100063 ER PT J AU Wanka, S Hagel, J Beckmann, D Wosnitza, J Schlueter, JA Williams, JM Nixon, PG Winter, RW Gard, GL AF Wanka, S Hagel, J Beckmann, D Wosnitza, J Schlueter, JA Williams, JM Nixon, PG Winter, RW Gard, GL TI Specific heat and critical fields of the organic superconductor beta ''-(BEDT-TTF)(2)SF5CH2CF2SO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID AMBIENT-PRESSURE; BEDT-TTF; TC; BIS(ETHYLENEDITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE; KAPPA-(ET)2CUBR; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)(2)I-3; TEMPERATURE; CONDUCTORS; STATE AB We report on specific-heat, magnetization, and ac-susceptibility measurements of beta "-(BEDT-TTF)(2)SF5CH2CF2SO3, an organic superconductor with T-c = 4.5 K, where BEDF-TTF stands for bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene. The jump of the specific heat C at T-c and the exact form of the specific-heat difference between C in the superconducting (B = 0 T) and in the normal (B = 3.5 T) state can be well described by BCS theory with strong coupling. We estimate an electron-phonon coupling parameter lambda approximate to 1.1. From measurements of C in magnetic fields we extract the upper critical field B-c2(T). Low-field dc-magnetization measurements were used to determine the temperature dependence of the lower critical field B-cl. From T-c down to similar to 3 K the characteristic suppression of B-cl(perpendicular to)(T) below the sensitivity limit is observed. C1 Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Phys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Portland State Univ, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Wanka, S (reprint author), Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Phys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. NR 36 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 5 BP 3084 EP 3088 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.3084 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YV538 UT WOS:000071835100064 ER PT J AU Schultz, PA Stechel, EB AF Schultz, PA Stechel, EB TI Effects of basis set quality on the prediction of structures, energies, and properties of amorphous tetrahedral carbon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FILMS; CONVERGENCE; SIMULATIONS; ENERGETICS; SYSTEMS; MODELS AB We systematically investigate the effects of basis set quality on the prediction of a representative amorphous tetrahedral (a-tC) carbon structure. In fully self-consistent first-principles calculations, variations in the quality of the basis set do result in significant variations in predicted structure. Substantial differences between the calculations, ranging from a minimum basis to a high-quality double-zeta plus polarization (DZP) basis, for amorphous carbon stem from two sources. We discover that to properly relax candidate a-tC structures requires a high-quality basis set in the calculation. A minimum basis set is inadequate to negotiate the transition geometries involved in the making and breaking of bonds while relaxing a structure. Relaxation of an a-tC structure proposed by Drabold, Fedders, and Stumm [Phys. Rev. B 49, 16 415 (1994)] using a minimum, and a DZP basis demonstrates this point. The minimum basis set calculation leaves the bonding topology essentially unchanged, while relaxation using a DZP basis removes most of the small rings and triples the number of threefold bonded atoms. In addition, we find that to accurately represent the energetics of highly defected local structures, as found in a-tC, also requires a high-quality basis set. We demonstrate this point by using molecular analogs of local structures found in a-tC. Notable is how Little rebonding and energy separates a-tC structures that have qualitatively different densities of threefold atoms. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Stechel, Ellen/B-1253-2012 NR 45 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3295 EP 3304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.3295 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YY131 UT WOS:000072116400023 ER PT J AU Cox, DE Radaelli, PG Marezio, M Cheong, SW AF Cox, DE Radaelli, PG Marezio, M Cheong, SW TI Structural changes, clustering, and photoinduced phase segregation in Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INSULATOR-METAL TRANSITION; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; COLOSSAL-MAGNETORESISTANCE; FERROMAGNETIC TRANSITION; MANGANESE PEROVSKITES; DOUBLE-EXCHANGE; DOPED LAMNO3; LA1-XSRXMNO3; PR1-XCAXMNO3; CHARGE AB The structural properties of Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 were studied by x-ray synchrotron and neutron-powder diffraction as a function of temperature (15 < T < 300 K), and as a function of x-ray fluence at 15 and 20 K. The temperature evolution of the lattice parameters and of the superlattice reflections is consistent with the development of charge and orbital ordering below T-CO similar to 180 K, followed by antiferromagnetic ordering below T-N similar to 140 K, similar to what was previously observed for La0.5Ca0.5MnO3. Below T-C similar to 120 K, the magnetic structure develops a ferromagnetic component along the a axis on the Mn ions. At low temperatures, a small ferromagnetic moment of 0.45(2)mu(B), oriented in the same direction appears on the Pr ions as well. The observation in Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 of significant lattice strain developing below T-CO, as well as the development of a ferromagnetic component to the magnetic structure at T-C similar to 120 K, can be interpreted in terms of the presence of ferromagnetic clusters with an associated lattice distortion from the average structure. At low temperatures, exposure to the x-ray beam produces a phase-segregation phenomenon, whereby the ferromagnetic droplets coalesce into larger aggregates. Further exposure results in a gradual melting of the charge-ordered phase and the formation of a second phase, recently shown to be a ferromagnetic metallic phase by Kiryukhin et al. [Nature (London) 386, 813 (1997)]. The ferromagnetic phase has a significantly smaller a lattice parameter and unit-cell volume (Delta V/V similar to 0.4%) than that of the charge-ordered phase. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 09, France. CNR, MASPEC, I-43100 Parma, Italy. AT&T Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. RP Cox, DE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Radaelli, Paolo/C-2952-2011 OI Radaelli, Paolo/0000-0002-6717-035X NR 49 TC 242 Z9 243 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3305 EP 3314 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.3305 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YY131 UT WOS:000072116400024 ER PT J AU Dan'kov, SY Tishin, AM Pecharsky, VK Gschneidner, KA AF Dan'kov, SY Tishin, AM Pecharsky, VK Gschneidner, KA TI Magnetic phase transitions and the magnetothermal properties of gadolinium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; HEAT-CAPACITY; REFRIGERATION; METALS; ALLOYS; FIELDS AB A study of four Gd samples of different purities using ac susceptibility, magnetization, heat capacity, and direct measurements of the magnetocaloric effect in quasistatic and pulse magnetic fields revealed that all techniques yield the same value of the zero-field Curie temperature of 294(1) K. The Curie temperature determined from inflection points of the experimental magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity is in excellent agreement with those obtained from the magnetocaloric effect and Arrot plots. Above 2 T the temperature of this transition increases almost linearly with the magnetic field at a rate of similar to 6 K/T in fields up to 7.5 T. The spin reorientation transition, which occurs at 227(2) K in the absence of a magnetic field, has been confirmed by susceptibility, magnetization, and heat-capacity measurements. Magnetic fields higher than 2-2.5 T apparently quench the spin reorientation transition and Gd retain's its simple ferromagnetic structure from the T-C(H) down to similar to 4 K. The nature of anomaly at T congruent to 132 K, which is apparent from ac susceptibility measurements along the c axis, is discussed. The presence of large amounts of interstitial impurities lowers the second-order paramagnetic <-> ferromagnetic transition temperature, and can cause some erroneous results in the magnetocaloric effect determined in pulsed magnetic fields. The magnetocaloric effect was studied utilizing the same samples by three experimental techniques: direct measurements of the adiabatic temperature rise; magnetization, and heat capacity. All three techniques, with one exception, yield the same results within the limits of experimental error. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. RP Pecharsky, VK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, 242 Spedding, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM Vitkp@AmesLab.Gov RI Tishin, Alexander/E-8705-2014 OI Tishin, Alexander/0000-0003-2252-7279 NR 39 TC 403 Z9 410 U1 15 U2 91 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3478 EP 3490 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.3478 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YY131 UT WOS:000072116400045 ER PT J AU Pagliuso, PG Rettori, C Oseroff, SB Canfield, PC Baggio-Saitovitch, EM Sanchez, D AF Pagliuso, PG Rettori, C Oseroff, SB Canfield, PC Baggio-Saitovitch, EM Sanchez, D TI Electron spin resonance of Gd3+ in the normal state of RNi2B2C (R=Y,Lu) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL HONI2B2C; SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; BORIDE CARBIDE; NI; LUNI2B2C; MAGNETISM; TMNI2B2C; YNI2B2C; ORDER AB Electron spin resonance (ESR) of Gd3+ in the normal state (T>T-c) of R1-xGdxNi2B2C (R=Y,Lu) is reported. The results show that the exchange coupling between the rare-earth localized magnetic moment and the conduction electrons depends on the conduction electrons momentum transfer (\k(F)(in)-k(F)(out)\ = q), i.e., J(fs)(q). The temperature dependence of the ESR linewidth yields a value for one of the exchange parameters, [J(fs)(2)(q)](EF)(1/2), which is in agreement with that estimated from the slope of the initial linear decrease of T-c by the Gd3+ impurities. These results indicate that the R1-xGdxNi2B2C (R=Y,Lu) compounds behave as conventional BCS superconductors, in agreement with previous reports. [S0163-1829(98)02806-9]. C1 UNICAMP, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. CBPF, BR-22290180 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Pagliuso, PG (reprint author), UNICAMP, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RI Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Rettori, Carlos/C-3966-2012; Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Candela, Dalber/G-3636-2012; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014; Saitovitch, Elisa/A-6769-2015 OI Rettori, Carlos/0000-0001-6692-7915; NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3668 EP 3671 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.3668 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YY131 UT WOS:000072116400067 ER PT J AU Ozyuzer, L Yusof, Z Zasadzinski, JF Mogilevsky, R Hinks, DG Gray, KE AF Ozyuzer, L Yusof, Z Zasadzinski, JF Mogilevsky, R Hinks, DG Gray, KE TI Evidence of d(x(2)-y(2)) symmetry in the tunneling conductance density of states of Tl2Ba2CuO6 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; ORDER-PARAMETER; GAP ANISOTROPY; S-WAVE; SPECTROSCOPY; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; HGBA2CUO4+DELTA; PHOTOEMISSION AB Tunnel junctions have been made on-single crystals of Tl2Ba2CuO6 with a T-c similar to 91 K using a mechanical point-contact method. Both superconductor-insulator-normal-metal (SIN) and superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) junctions were obtained using Au and Nb tips, respectively. The tunneling conductances obtained are reproducible, with sharp, well-defined energy gap structures and are characterized by a cusplike feature at zero bias. These conductances can be fit to a simple, momentum-averaged density of states (DOS) obtained from a superconducting order parameter with d(x2-y2) symmetry. The SIS data display a weak Nb gap feature which is consistent with the subgap DOS observed in the SIN data. C1 IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Sci & Technol Ctr Superconductiv, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ozyuzer, L (reprint author), IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RI Ozyuzer, Lutfi/H-3142-2011 NR 29 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 6 BP R3245 EP R3248 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.R3245 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YY131 UT WOS:000072116400017 ER PT J AU Shenderova, OA Brenner, DW Nazarov, AA Romanov, AE Yang, LH AF Shenderova, OA Brenner, DW Nazarov, AA Romanov, AE Yang, LH TI Multiscale modeling approach for calculating grain-boundary energies from first principles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND AB A multiscale modeling approach is proposed for calculating energies of tilt-grain boundaries in covalent materials from first principles over an entire misorientation range for given tilt axes. The method uses energies from density-functional calculations for a few key structures as input into a disclination structural-units model. This approach is demonstrated by calculating energies of [001]-symmetrical tilt-grain boundaries in diamond. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met Superplast Problems, Ufa 450001, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Shenderova, OA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Brenner, Donald/D-1741-2009 NR 18 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 6 BP R3181 EP R3184 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.R3181 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YY131 UT WOS:000072116400001 ER PT J AU Yu, ZG Zang, J Gammel, JT Bishop, AR AF Yu, ZG Zang, J Gammel, JT Bishop, AR TI Charge localization and stripes in a two-dimensional three-band Peierls-Hubbard model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DOPING STATES; HARTREE-FOCK; DOMAIN-WALL; SUPERCONDUCTORS; HOLES; ANTIFERROMAGNETS; FLUCTUATIONS; MAGNETISM; DENSITY; OXIDES AB Using a two-dimensional three-band Peierls-Hubbard model appropriate to layered transition-metal oxides, and in an inhomogeneous Hartree-Fock approximation, we show that several kinds of charge-localized mesoscopic patterns (stripes) may exist: vertical site stripes, vertical zig-zag stripes, diagonal site stripes, and oxygen-centered stripes. A random-phase-approximation analysis reveals new phonon modes and intense low-energy spin excitations in these stripes. A softened phonon mode with momentum (pi,0) in the oxygen-centered stripe may explain the anomalous phonons observed by neutron-scattering experiments in several cuprate superconductors. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yu, ZG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Yu, Z/B-5547-2009 NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 6 BP R3241 EP R3244 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.R3241 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YY131 UT WOS:000072116400016 ER PT J AU Lehmann, H Jolie, J Corminboeuf, F Borner, HG Doll, C Jentschel, M Casten, RF Zamfir, NV AF Lehmann, H Jolie, J Corminboeuf, F Borner, HG Doll, C Jentschel, M Casten, RF Zamfir, NV TI Lifetimes of the lowest 2(K pi=0+)(+) levels in Er-168 and Dy-164 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID K=0 COLLECTIVE EXCITATION; DEFORMED-NUCLEI; PHONON EXCITATION; GAMMA-BAND; STATES AB The lifetimes of the 2(+) states of the first excited K-pi= 0(+) band in Er-168 and Dy-164 have been measured using the gamma-ray induced Doppler broadening technique. Although the deduced uncertainties for the lifetimes are rather large the data indicate that in Er-168 the decay to the gamma band is moderately collective. In Dy-164, however, a less collective decay pattern is observed. The transition rates are compared to the available theoretical descriptions. C1 Univ Fribourg, Inst Phys, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Clark Univ, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. RP Univ Fribourg, Inst Phys, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. RI Zamfir, Nicolae Victor/F-2544-2011 NR 37 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 569 EP 576 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.57.569 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA YY129 UT WOS:000072116200014 ER PT J AU Elliott, SR Beiersdorfer, P Chen, MH Decaux, V Knapp, DA AF Elliott, SR Beiersdorfer, P Chen, MH Decaux, V Knapp, DA TI Measurements of the differences in the nuclear charge radii among uranium isotopes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID BEAM ION-TRAP; LAMB SHIFT; 2S(1/2)-2P(3/2) LEVELS; ELECTRON; ENERGY; POLARIZATION; TEMPERATURE; STATES; ATOMS; U89+ AB Based on precise spectroscopic measurements of the x-ray transitions of few-electron uranium ions, the difference in the nuclear charge radii of U-235 and U-238 has been determined. The measurement makes use of the simplified atomic structure of highly charged ions, and it is shown that the spectroscopic data from few-electron ions are readily interpreted in terms of the variation in the mean nuclear radius. A value of delta(r(2))(235,238)= -0.250+/-0.032 fm(2) is found. Combining the results with data from earlier optical and x-ray measurements, values for delta(r(2))(A,238) with A =233, 234, 235, and 236 are derived that are of higher accuracy than previous values. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Space Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Elliott, SR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 583 EP 589 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.57.583 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA YY129 UT WOS:000072116200016 ER PT J AU Azhari, A Baumann, T Brown, JA Hellstrom, M Kelley, JH Kryger, RA Millener, DJ Madani, H Ramakrishnan, E Russ, DE Suomijarvi, T Thoennessen, M Yokoyama, S AF Azhari, A Baumann, T Brown, JA Hellstrom, M Kelley, JH Kryger, RA Millener, DJ Madani, H Ramakrishnan, E Russ, DE Suomijarvi, T Thoennessen, M Yokoyama, S TI Proton decay of states in N-11 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID LOW-LYING LEVELS; ENERGY-LEVELS; LIGHT-NUCLEI; LIFETIME; WIDTHS; BE-11 AB The proton-unbound nucleus N-11 has been studied via kinematic reconstruction of the emitted proton in coincidence with the residual C-10 daughter nucleus. Resonances in N-11 were populated by using a 40 MeV/ nucleon radioactive beam of N-12 to induce the reaction Be-9/(N-12,N-11), followed by the proton decay of N-11. The decay energy spectrum was constructed from the energies and separation angle of the C-10 and the proton. In addition to protons from the known 1/2(-) state, at 2.24 MeV above the proton decay threshold, another peak is seen near 1.45 MeV. This peak could potentially be due to the predicted 1/2(+) ground state and/or due to the decay of the 3/2(-) state to the first excited state of C-10. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RI Brown, James/A-7373-2012 OI Brown, James/0000-0003-0548-8634 NR 14 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 628 EP 631 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.57.628 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA YY129 UT WOS:000072116200021 ER PT J AU Sonzogni, AA Bierman, JD Kelly, MP Lestone, JP Liang, JF Vandenbosch, R AF Sonzogni, AA Bierman, JD Kelly, MP Lestone, JP Liang, JF Vandenbosch, R TI Transfer and surface vibration couplings in the fusion of Ca-40+Ti-46,Ti-48,Ti-50 at near-barrier energies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION FUSION; INELASTIC PROTON-SCATTERING; EVEN-EVEN NUCLIDES; CROSS-SECTIONS; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; DISTRIBUTIONS; NI-58+NI-64; PROBABILITY; NUCLEI; STATE AB Fusion and quasielastic excitation functions were measured for Ca-40+Ti-46,Ti-48,Ti-50 at energies close to the Coulomb barrier. The interest in these systems lies in the opposite target-mass dependence of surface vibration couplings and neutron-transfer couplings. The cross sections were measured at small energy steps and with high precision, so that the structure in the excitation functions (barrier distributions) could be revealed through a differentiation process. The subbarrier fusion data show a larger enhancement with increasing target mass number, which clearly indicates the importance of transfer couplings. The agreement between the fusion and quasielastic barrier distributions is quite good. Simplified coupled-channel calculations were performed to reproduce the fusion data. A very good agreement is obtained by coupling to low lying excited states (2(+) and 3(-)) and to the most positive neutron-transfer Q value (two-neutron projectile pickup channel). C1 Univ Washington, Nucl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Gonzaga Univ, Dept Phys AD51, Spokane, WA 99258 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Univ Washington, Nucl Phys Lab, Box 354290, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 29 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 722 EP 730 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.57.722 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA YY129 UT WOS:000072116200032 ER PT J AU Hauger, JA Warren, P Albergo, S Bieser, F Brady, FP Caccia, Z Cebra, DA Chacon, AD Chance, JL Choi, Y Costa, S Elliott, JB Gilkes, ML Hirsch, AS Hjort, EL Insolia, A Justice, M Keane, D Kintner, JC Lindenstruth, V Lisa, MA Matis, HS McMahan, M McParland, C Muller, WFJ Olson, DL Partlan, MD Porile, NT Potenza, R Rai, G Rasmussen, J Ritter, HG Romanski, J Romero, JL Russo, GV Sann, H Scharenberg, RP Scott, A Shao, Y Srivastava, BK Symons, TJM Tincknell, M Tuve, C Wang, S Wieman, HH Wienold, T Wolf, K AF Hauger, JA Warren, P Albergo, S Bieser, F Brady, FP Caccia, Z Cebra, DA Chacon, AD Chance, JL Choi, Y Costa, S Elliott, JB Gilkes, ML Hirsch, AS Hjort, EL Insolia, A Justice, M Keane, D Kintner, JC Lindenstruth, V Lisa, MA Matis, HS McMahan, M McParland, C Muller, WFJ Olson, DL Partlan, MD Porile, NT Potenza, R Rai, G Rasmussen, J Ritter, HG Romanski, J Romero, JL Russo, GV Sann, H Scharenberg, RP Scott, A Shao, Y Srivastava, BK Symons, TJM Tincknell, M Tuve, C Wang, S Wieman, HH Wienold, T Wolf, K TI Multifragmentation of the remnant produced in the reaction of 1A GeV gold with carbon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; GAS PHASE-TRANSITION; PROTON-NUCLEUS INTERACTIONS; FRAGMENT PRODUCTION; HOT NUCLEI; STATISTICAL MULTIFRAGMENTATION; CRITICAL EXPONENTS; AU+AU COLLISIONS; ISOTOPE YIELDS; TPC DETECTOR AB A high-statistics exclusive study of the multifragmentation of 1A GeV gold on carbon has been performed. Particles with Z less than or equal to 2 show evidence of emission in a first prompt stage as well as in a second equilibrium stage whereas fragments with Z greater than or equal to 3 appear to be emitted essentially only in the second stage. Two methods for the separation of the Z less than or equal to 2 particles into the two stages are given and they are ill agreement. The yields for each stage are determined as a function of the event charged particle multiplicity m. The mass, nuclear charge, excitation energy per nucleon, and temperature of the remnant left after the first stage and their fluctuations have been determined as a function of m. The expansion of the remnant to fragment freeze-out is examined. The freeze-out temperature is determined from double isotope ratios as a function of,li and isentropic trajectories are obtained in the temperature-density plane. The caloric curve shows a monotonic increase with excitation energy. Some of the energy is in the form of radial flow. Overall, the results are consistent with a previous statistical analysis of the data which suggests that, over a certain range of excitation energies, multifragmentation involves a continuous phase transition. C1 Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. GSI Darmstadt, D-64220 Darmstadt, Germany. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Augusta Coll, Augusta, GA 30910 USA. RI Insolia, Antonio/M-3447-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; OI Insolia, Antonio/0000-0002-9040-1566; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; Costa, Salvatore/0000-0001-9919-0569 NR 73 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 764 EP 783 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.57.764 PG 20 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA YY129 UT WOS:000072116200036 ER PT J AU Bearden, IG Boggild, H Boissevain, J Dodd, J Esumi, S Fabjan, CW Fields, DE Franz, A Hansen, AG Holzer, EB Humanic, TJ Jacak, BV Jayanti, R Kalechofsky, H Lee, YY Leltchouk, M Lorstad, B Maeda, N Medvedv, A Miyabayashi, A Murray, M Nishimura, S Pandey, SU Piuz, F Polychronakos, V Potekhin, M Poulard, G Sakaguchi, A Sarabura, M Spegel, M Simon-Gillo, J Sondheim, W Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Sumi, Y van Hecke, H Willis, WJ Wolf, K Xu, N AF Bearden, IG Boggild, H Boissevain, J Dodd, J Esumi, S Fabjan, CW Fields, DE Franz, A Hansen, AG Holzer, EB Humanic, TJ Jacak, BV Jayanti, R Kalechofsky, H Lee, YY Leltchouk, M Lorstad, B Maeda, N Medvedv, A Miyabayashi, A Murray, M Nishimura, S Pandey, SU Piuz, F Polychronakos, V Potekhin, M Poulard, G Sakaguchi, A Sarabura, M Spegel, M Simon-Gillo, J Sondheim, W Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Sumi, Y van Hecke, H Willis, WJ Wolf, K Xu, N TI Proton and antiproton distributions at midrapidity in proton-nucleus and sulphur-nucleus collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; INTERSECTING STORAGE-RINGS; MOMENTUM CHARGED PIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; INCLUSIVE PRODUCTION; BARYON PRODUCTION; DYNAMICS; HADRONS; X=0 AB Experiment NA44 has measured proton and antiproton distributions at midrapidity in sulphur and proton collisions with nuclear targets at 200 and 450 GeV/c per nucleon respectively. The inverse slopes of transverse mass distributions increase with system size for both protons and antiprotons but are slightly lower for antiprotons. This could happen if antiprotons are annihilated in the nuclear medium. The antiproton yield increases with system size and centrality and is largest at midrapidity. The proton yield also increases with system size and centrality, but decreases from backward rapidity to midrapidity. The stopping of protons at these energies lies between the full stopping and nuclear transparency scenarios. The data are in reasonable agreement with RQMD predictions except for the antiproton yields from sulphur-nucleus collisions. C1 Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Lund, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bearden, IG (reprint author), Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RI Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014 OI Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094 NR 21 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 837 EP 846 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.57.837 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA YY129 UT WOS:000072116200043 ER PT J AU Lin, ZW Vogt, R Wang, XN AF Lin, ZW Vogt, R Wang, XN TI Energy loss effects on charm and bottom production in high-energy heavy-ion collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS; CROSS-SECTION; DISTRIBUTIONS; LEPTONS; PHOTONS; PSIONS; DECAY AB We study the effect of energy loss on charm and bottom quarks in high-energy heavy-ion collisions including longitudinal expansion and partial thermalization. We find that high-p(perpendicular to) heavy quarks are greatly suppressed, and consequently, high-mass dileptons from heavy quark decays are also suppressed. We consider in detail the detector geometry and single lepton energy cuts of the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Because of the longitudinal expansion, the suppressions of ee, e mu, and mu mu, pairs resulting from the heavy quark energy loss are very different due to the different rapidity coverages and energy cuts. The assumed energy loss rate, on the order of 1 GeV/fm, results in a large suppression on dielectrons, and dielectrons from heavy quark decays become comparable or even lower than the Drell-Yan yield. It is thus possible to probe the energy loss rate of the medium using dileptons from heavy quark decays. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 38 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 899 EP 907 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.57.899 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA YY129 UT WOS:000072116200050 ER PT J AU Ahle, L Akiba, Y Ashktorab, K Baker, MD Beavis, D Britt, HC Chang, J Chasman, C Chen, Z Chi, CY Chu, YY Cianciolo, V Cole, BA Crawford, HJ Cumming, JB Debbe, R Dunlop, JC Eldredge, W Engelage, J Fung, SY Gaardhoje, JJ Garcia, E Gonin, M Gushue, S Hamagaki, H Hansen, A Hansen, L Hayano, RS Heintzelman, G Homma, S Judd, E Kaneko, H Kang, J Kim, EJ Kumagai, A Kurita, K Lee, JH Levine, MJ Luke, J Miake, Y Mignerey, A Morrison, D Moskowitz, B Moulson, M Muentz, C Nagamiya, S Namboodiri, MN Ogilvie, CA Olness, J Park, S Remsberg, LP Rothschild, P Sako, H Sangster, TC Seto, R Shea, J Shigaki, K Soltz, R Steadman, SG Stephans, GSF Sung, T Tannenbaum, MJ Thomas, JH Tonse, S Ueno-Hayashi, S Videbaek, F Wang, F Wang, Y Wu, Y Xiang, H Xu, GH Yagi, K Zachary, D Zajc, WA Zhu, F Zhu, Q AF Ahle, L Akiba, Y Ashktorab, K Baker, MD Beavis, D Britt, HC Chang, J Chasman, C Chen, Z Chi, CY Chu, YY Cianciolo, V Cole, BA Crawford, HJ Cumming, JB Debbe, R Dunlop, JC Eldredge, W Engelage, J Fung, SY Gaardhoje, JJ Garcia, E Gonin, M Gushue, S Hamagaki, H Hansen, A Hansen, L Hayano, RS Heintzelman, G Homma, S Judd, E Kaneko, H Kang, J Kim, EJ Kumagai, A Kurita, K Lee, JH Levine, MJ Luke, J Miake, Y Mignerey, A Morrison, D Moskowitz, B Moulson, M Muentz, C Nagamiya, S Namboodiri, MN Ogilvie, CA Olness, J Park, S Remsberg, LP Rothschild, P Sako, H Sangster, TC Seto, R Shea, J Shigaki, K Soltz, R Steadman, SG Stephans, GSF Sung, T Tannenbaum, MJ Thomas, JH Tonse, S Ueno-Hayashi, S Videbaek, F Wang, F Wang, Y Wu, Y Xiang, H Xu, GH Yagi, K Zachary, D Zajc, WA Zhu, F Zhu, Q TI Particle production at high baryon density in central Au+Au reactions at 11.6A GeV/c SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID 14.6A GEV/C; COLLISIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS; PION AB Semi-inclusive proton and pion distributions from central Au+Au reactions at 11.6A GeV/c have been measured. The proton rapidity distribution shows significantly increased stopping compared to lighter systems, providing strong evidence for the formation of a state of matter with baryon density substantially greater than normal nuclear matter. Unlike reactions at this energy induced by lighter heavy ions, at low m(1)-m(0) the proton invariant spect a deviate from a single exponential shape and become flatter, while pi(-) spectra are found to rise faster than the pi(+) spectra. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Nucl Study, Tokyo 188, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 606, Japan. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst Astron Phys & Geophys, DK-1168 Copenhagen, Denmark. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Osaka 305, Japan. Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Ahle, L (reprint author), MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011; seto, richard/G-8467-2011; Cumming, James/I-3358-2013; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; OI Cumming, James/0000-0001-6930-0958; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536; Ogilvie, Craig/0000-0002-5188-5123; Gaardhoje, Jens-Jorgen/0000-0001-6122-4698 NR 16 TC 84 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP R466 EP R470 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.57.R466 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA YY129 UT WOS:000072116200003 ER PT J AU del Campo, JG Baktash, C Jin, HQ Rudolph, D D'Onofrio, A Terrasi, F de Angelis, G De Poli, M Fahlander, C Gadea, A Napoli, DR Pan, Q Spolaore, P De Acuna, L Bazzacco, D Lunardi, S Pavan, P Rossi-Alvarez, C Buscemi, A Zanon, R De Rosa, A Campajola, L La Commara, M Inglima, G Roca, V Romano, M Sandoli, M Romoli, M Ordine, A Pierroutsakou, D AF del Campo, JG Baktash, C Jin, HQ Rudolph, D D'Onofrio, A Terrasi, F de Angelis, G De Poli, M Fahlander, C Gadea, A Napoli, DR Pan, Q Spolaore, P De Acuna, L Bazzacco, D Lunardi, S Pavan, P Rossi-Alvarez, C Buscemi, A Zanon, R De Rosa, A Campajola, L La Commara, M Inglima, G Roca, V Romano, M Sandoli, M Romoli, M Ordine, A Pierroutsakou, D TI Emission of intermediate mass fragments using gamma-spectroscopic techniques SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID COMPOUND-NUCLEUS DECAY; RU-95; AG AB Intermediate mass fragments (IMF) and light particles emitted from the Ni-58 + Ni-58 reaction at a beam energy of 375 MeV have been studied. The fragments and light particles were measured in coincidence with 4 pi gamma-ray spectrometer. The Z=6 (C) kinetic energy spectra and the distribution of the final nuclei in coincidence with the emitted C are well described by Hauser-Feshbach calculations extended to many channels. A detailed study of C-Psi and 3 alpha-gamma correlations indicate a strong selectivity of the IMF decay. Our results indicate that the IMF can populate nuclei that are not accessible via multiple light particle (Z<3) emission and, thus, are useful for nuclear structure studies. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Sci Fis ER Caianiello, I-84081 Salerno, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Salerno, I-84081 Salerno, Italy. Seconda Univ Napoli, Dipartimento Sci Ambientali, I-81100 Caserta, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80125 Naples, Italy. RP del Campo, JG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Gadea, Andres/L-8529-2014; Napoli, Daniel R./D-9863-2012 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; Gadea, Andres/0000-0002-4233-1970; Napoli, Daniel R./0000-0002-8154-6958 NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP R457 EP R461 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.57.R457 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA YY129 UT WOS:000072116200001 ER PT J AU Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Darling, C Davis, R Hancock, N Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lattery, M Lee, SJ O'Neill, JJ Patton, S Poling, R Riehle, T Savinov, V Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Severini, H Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Blinov, S Duboscq, JE Fisher, KD Fujino, D Gan, KK Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Spencer, MB Sung, M Undrus, A Wanke, R Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Nemati, B Richichi, SJ Ross, WR Skubic, P Wood, M Bishai, M Fast, J Gerndt, E Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Yurko, M Gibbons, L Glenn, S Johnson, SD Kwon, Y Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Ugolini, D Wang, R Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Shelkov, V Staeck, J Stroynowski, R Volobouev, I Ye, J Artuso, M Efimov, A Frasconi, F Gao, M Goldberg, M He, D Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Viehhauser, G Xing, X Bartelt, J Csorna, SE Jain, V Marka, S Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Barish, B Chadha, M Chan, S Eigen, G Miller, JS O'Grady, C Schmidtler, M Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Asner, DM Bliss, DW Brower, WS Masek, G Paar, HP Prell, S Sivertz, H Sharma, V Gronberg, J Hill, TS Kutschke, R Lange, DJ Menary, S Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Qiao, C Richman, JD Roberts, D Ryd, A Witherell, MS Balest, R Behrens, BH Cho, K Ford, WT Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Bloom, K Cassel, DG Cho, HA Coffman, DM Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Elia, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kandaswamy, J Kim, PC Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Ludwig, GS Masui, J Mevissen, J Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Valant-Spaight, B Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescott, C Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, F Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R MacFarlane, DB McLean, KW Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ AF Ammar, R Baringer, P Bean, A Besson, D Coppage, D Darling, C Davis, R Hancock, N Kotov, S Kravchenko, I Kwak, N Anderson, S Kubota, Y Lattery, M Lee, SJ O'Neill, JJ Patton, S Poling, R Riehle, T Savinov, V Smith, A Alam, MS Athar, SB Ling, Z Mahmood, AH Severini, H Timm, S Wappler, F Anastassov, A Blinov, S Duboscq, JE Fisher, KD Fujino, D Gan, KK Hart, T Honscheid, K Kagan, H Kass, R Lee, J Spencer, MB Sung, M Undrus, A Wanke, R Wolf, A Zoeller, MM Nemati, B Richichi, SJ Ross, WR Skubic, P Wood, M Bishai, M Fast, J Gerndt, E Hinson, JW Menon, N Miller, DH Shibata, EI Shipsey, IPJ Yurko, M Gibbons, L Glenn, S Johnson, SD Kwon, Y Roberts, S Thorndike, EH Jessop, CP Lingel, K Marsiske, H Perl, ML Ugolini, D Wang, R Zhou, X Coan, TE Fadeyev, V Korolkov, I Maravin, Y Narsky, I Shelkov, V Staeck, J Stroynowski, R Volobouev, I Ye, J Artuso, M Efimov, A Frasconi, F Gao, M Goldberg, M He, D Kopp, S Moneti, GC Mountain, R Schuh, S Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Viehhauser, G Xing, X Bartelt, J Csorna, SE Jain, V Marka, S Godang, R Kinoshita, K Lai, IC Pomianowski, P Schrenk, S Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Greene, R Perera, LP Zhou, GJ Barish, B Chadha, M Chan, S Eigen, G Miller, JS O'Grady, C Schmidtler, M Urheim, J Weinstein, AJ Wurthwein, F Asner, DM Bliss, DW Brower, WS Masek, G Paar, HP Prell, S Sivertz, H Sharma, V Gronberg, J Hill, TS Kutschke, R Lange, DJ Menary, S Morrison, RJ Nelson, HN Nelson, TK Qiao, C Richman, JD Roberts, D Ryd, A Witherell, MS Balest, R Behrens, BH Cho, K Ford, WT Park, H Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG Alexander, JP Bebek, C Berger, BE Berkelman, K Bloom, K Cassel, DG Cho, HA Coffman, DM Crowcroft, DS Dickson, M Drell, PS Ecklund, KM Ehrlich, R Elia, R Foland, AD Gaidarev, P Galik, RS Gittelman, B Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Hopman, PI Kandaswamy, J Kim, PC Kreinick, DL Lee, T Liu, Y Ludwig, GS Masui, J Mevissen, J Mistry, NB Ng, CR Nordberg, E Ogg, M Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Soffer, A Valant-Spaight, B Ward, C Athanas, M Avery, P Jones, CD Lohner, M Prescott, C Yelton, J Zheng, J Brandenburg, G Briere, RA Gao, YS Kim, DYJ Wilson, R Yamamoto, H Browder, TE Li, F Li, Y Rodriguez, JL Bergfeld, T Eisenstein, BI Ernst, J Gladding, GE Gollin, GD Hans, RM Johnson, E Karliner, I Marsh, MA Palmer, M Selen, M Thaler, JJ Edwards, KW Bellerive, A Janicek, R MacFarlane, DB McLean, KW Patel, PM Sadoff, AJ CA CLEO Collaboration TI Measurement of the total cross section for e(+)e(-)-> hadrons at root s=10.52 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-POSITRON-ANNIHILATION; CLEO-II DETECTOR; E+E ANNIHILATION; LIBRARY; TAUOLA; HADRONS); PHYSICS; UPSILON; DECAYS; MASS AB Using the CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, we have made a measurement of R = sigma(e(+)e(-) --> hadrons/sigma(e(+)e(-) --> mu(+)mu(-))=3.56+/-0.01+/-0.07 at root s=10.52 GeV. This implies a value for the strong coupling constant of alpha(s)(10.52 GeV)=0.020+/-0.01+/-0.06, or alpha(s)(M-Z)=0.13+/-0.005+/-0.03. C1 Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Ithaca Coll, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. BINP, RU-630090 Novosibirsk, Russia. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Ammar, R (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RI Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014; Frasconi, Franco/K-1068-2016; OI Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039; Frasconi, Franco/0000-0003-4204-6587; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674 NR 27 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1350 EP 1358 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1350 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800006 ER PT J AU Abe, F Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Anway-Wiese, C Apollinari, G Areti, H Atac, M Auchincloss, P Azfar, F Azzi, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bailey, MW Bao, J de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Bartalini, P Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benajamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bird, F Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Bowsell, C Boulos, T Brandenburg, G Bromberg, C Buckley-Geer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dickson, M Dittmann, JR Donato, S Drucker, RB Dunn, A Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Eno, S Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Farhat, B Fiori, L Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fry, A Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Garfinkel, AF Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Grewal, A Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Haber, C Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Heinrich, J Cronin-Hennessy, D Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Hurst, P Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Incagli, M Incandela, J Iso, H Jensen, H Jessop, CP Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kamon, T Kaneko, T Kardelis, DA Kasha, H Kato, Y Keeble, L Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlman, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Loomis, C Long, O Loreti, M Low, EH Lu, J Lucchesi, D Luchini, CB Lukens, P Lys, J Maas, P Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Michail, G Mikamo, S Miller, M Miller, R Mimashi, T Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyashita, S Morita, Y Moulding, S Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Musgrave, P Nakae, LF Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Nodulman, L Ogawa, S Oh, SH Ohl, KE Oishi, R Okusawa, T Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Produit, N Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Rimondi, F Ristori, L Roach-Bellino, M Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Romano, J Rosenson, L Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Scarpine, V Schindler, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schneider, O Sciacca, GF Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Sgolacchia, A Shapiro, M Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Smith, DA Snider, FD Song, L Song, T Spalding, J Spiegel, L Sphicas, P Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Stuart, D Sullivan, G Sumorok, K Swartz, RL Takahashi, T Takikawa, K Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, J Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Turcotte, M Turini, N Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G van den Brink, SC Vejcik, S Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wainer, N Walker, RC Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, G Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Westhusing, T Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, J Wu, DY Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, S Zhang, W Zucchelli, S AF Abe, F Albrow, MG Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Antos, J Anway-Wiese, C Apollinari, G Areti, H Atac, M Auchincloss, P Azfar, F Azzi, P Bacchetta, N Badgett, W Bailey, MW Bao, J de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Bartalini, P Bauer, G Baumann, T Bedeschi, F Behrends, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benajamin, D Benlloch, J Bensinger, J Benton, D Beretvas, A Berge, JP Bertolucci, S Bhatti, A Biery, K Binkley, M Bird, F Bisello, D Blair, RE Blocker, C Bodek, A Bokhari, W Bolognesi, V Bortoletto, D Bowsell, C Boulos, T Brandenburg, G Bromberg, C Buckley-Geer, E Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Cammerata, J Campagnari, C Campbell, M Caner, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cen, Y Cervelli, F Chao, HY Chapman, J Cheng, MT Chiarelli, G Chikamatsu, T Chiou, CN Christofek, L Cihangir, S Clark, AG Cobal, M Contreras, M Conway, J Cooper, J Cordelli, M Couyoumtzelis, C Crane, D Cunningham, JD Daniels, T DeJongh, F Delchamps, S Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demortier, L Denby, B Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dickson, M Dittmann, JR Donato, S Drucker, RB Dunn, A Einsweiler, K Elias, JE Ely, R Engels, E Eno, S Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Farhat, B Fiori, L Flaugher, B Foster, GW Franklin, M Frautschi, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Frisch, H Fry, A Fuess, TA Fukui, Y Funaki, S Gagliardi, G Galeotti, S Gallinaro, M Garfinkel, AF Geer, S Gerdes, DW Giannetti, P Giokaris, N Giromini, P Gladney, L Glenzinski, D Gold, M Gonzalez, J Gordon, A Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grassmann, H Grewal, A Groer, L Grosso-Pilcher, C Haber, C Hahn, SR Hamilton, R Handler, R Hans, RM Hara, K Harral, B Harris, RM Hauger, SA Hauser, J Hawk, C Heinrich, J Cronin-Hennessy, D Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Holscher, A Hong, S Houk, G Hu, P Huffman, BT Hughes, R Hurst, P Huston, J Huth, J Hylen, J Incagli, M Incandela, J Iso, H Jensen, H Jessop, CP Joshi, U Kadel, RW Kajfasz, E Kamon, T Kaneko, T Kardelis, DA Kasha, H Kato, Y Keeble, L Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kesten, P Kestenbaum, D Keup, RM Keutelian, H Keyvan, F Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirsch, L Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kopp, S Kordas, K Koska, W Kovacs, E Kowald, W Krasberg, M Kroll, J Kruse, M Kuhlman, SE Kuns, E Laasanen, AT Labanca, N Lammel, S Lamoureux, JI LeCompte, T Leone, S Lewis, JD Limon, P Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lockyer, N Loomis, C Long, O Loreti, M Low, EH Lu, J Lucchesi, D Luchini, CB Lukens, P Lys, J Maas, P Maeshima, K Maghakian, A Maksimovic, P Mangano, M Mansour, J Mariotti, M Marriner, JP Martin, A Matthews, JAJ Mattingly, R McIntyre, P Melese, P Menzione, A Meschi, E Michail, G Mikamo, S Miller, M Miller, R Mimashi, T Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitsushio, H Miyashita, S Morita, Y Moulding, S Mueller, J Mukherjee, A Muller, T Musgrave, P Nakae, LF Nakano, I Nelson, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Nodulman, L Ogawa, S Oh, SH Ohl, KE Oishi, R Okusawa, T Pagliarone, C Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pappas, SP Park, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pescara, L Peters, MD Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pillai, M Plunkett, R Pondrom, L Produit, N Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Ragan, K Rimondi, F Ristori, L Roach-Bellino, M Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Romano, J Rosenson, L Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sansoni, A Scarpine, V Schindler, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schneider, O Sciacca, GF Scribano, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Sganos, G Sgolacchia, A Shapiro, M Shaw, NM Shen, Q Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Skarha, J Sliwa, K Smith, DA Snider, FD Song, L Song, T Spalding, J Spiegel, L Sphicas, P Stanco, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strahl, K Strait, J Stuart, D Sullivan, G Sumorok, K Swartz, RL Takahashi, T Takikawa, K Tartarelli, F Taylor, W Teng, PK Teramoto, Y Tether, S Theriot, D Thomas, J Thomas, TL Thun, R Timko, M Tipton, P Titov, A Tkaczyk, S Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonnison, J de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Turcotte, M Turini, N Uemura, N Ukegawa, F Unal, G van den Brink, SC Vejcik, S Vidal, R Vondracek, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wainer, N Walker, RC Wang, C Wang, CH Wang, G Wang, J Wang, MJ Wang, QF Warburton, A Watts, G Watts, T Webb, R Wei, C Wendt, C Wenzel, H Wester, WC Westhusing, T Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkinson, R Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolinski, J Wu, DY Wu, X Wyss, J Yagil, A Yao, W Yasuoka, K Ye, Y Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yin, M Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yovanovitch, D Yu, I Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zhang, L Zhang, S Zhang, W Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Jet pseudorapidity distribution in direct photon events in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID = 1.8 TEV; CROSS-SECTION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; GLOBAL QCD; COLLIDER AB We present the first measurement of the jet pseudorapidity distribution in direct photon events from a sample of p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV, recorded with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) predicts that these events are primarily from hard quark-gluon Compton scattering, qg --> q gamma, with the Anal state quark producing the jet of hadrons. The jet pseudorapidity distribution in this model is sensitive to parton momentum fractions between 0.015 and 0.15. We find that the shape of the measured pseudorapidity distribution agrees well with next-to-leading order QCD calculations. C1 Natl Lab High Energy Phys KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Acad Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Superconducting Super Collider Lab, Dallas, TX 75237 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Natl Lab High Energy Phys KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. RI Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014 OI Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787 NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1359 EP 1365 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1359 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800007 ER PT J AU Mandula, JE Ogilvie, MC AF Mandula, JE Ogilvie, MC TI Nonperturbative evaluation of the physical classical velocity in the lattice heavy quark effective theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ISGUR-WISE FUNCTION; MESONS; SYMMETRY; DECAYS AB In the lattice formulation of heavy quark effective theory, the value of the "classical velocity" v, as defined through the separation of the four-momentum of a heavy quark into a part proportional to the heavy quark mass and a residual part that remains finite in the heavy quark limit (P = Mv + p), is different from its value as it appears in the bare heavy quark propagator [S-1(p) = v.p]. The origin of the difference, which is effectively a lattice-induced renormalization, is the reduction of Lorentz [or O(4)] invariance to (hyper)cubic invariance. The renormalization is finite and depends specifically on the form of the discretization of the reduced heavy quark Dirac equation. For the forward time, centered space discretization, we compute this renormalization nonperturbatively, using an ensemble of lattices at beta = 6.1 provided by the Fermilab ACP-MAPS Collaboration. The calculation makes crucial use of a variationally optimized smeared operator for creating composite heavy-light mesons. It has the property that its propagator achieves an asymptotic plateau in just a few Euclidean time steps. For comparison, we also compute the shift perturbatively, to one loop in lattice perturbation theory. The nonperturbative calculation of the leading multiplicative shift in the classical velocity is considerably different from the one-loop estimate and indicates that for the above parameters (v) over right arrow is reduced by about 10-13%. C1 US DOE, Div High Energy Phys, Washington, DC 20585 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP US DOE, Div High Energy Phys, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1397 EP 1410 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1397 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800011 ER PT J AU Bar-Shalom, S Atwood, D Soni, A AF Bar-Shalom, S Atwood, D Soni, A TI CP violation in single top quark production and decay via p(p)over-bar -> t(b)over-bar+X -> W(+)b(b)over-bar+X within the MSSM: A possible application for measuring arg(A(t)) at hadron colliders SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPERSYMMETRIC THEORIES; STANDARD MODEL; SUPERGRAVITY; NEUTRON; PHYSICS AB CP-nonconserving effects in the reaction p (p) over bar --> t (b) over bar + X --> W(+)b (b) over bar + X, driven by the supersymmetric CP-odd phase of the top squark trilinear soft breaking term arg(A(t)), are studied. We discuss the CP-nonconserving effects in both production and the associated decay amplitudes of the top quark. We find that, within a plausible low energy scenario of the MSSM and keeping the neutron electric dipole moment below its current limit, a CP-violating cross-section asymmetry as large as 2 - 3% can arise if some of the parameters lie in a favorable range. A partial rate asymmetry originating only in the top quark decay t --> W(+)b is found to be, in general, below the 0.1% level which is somewhat smaller than previous claims. For a low tan beta of order one the decay asymmetry can reach at the most similar to 0.3%. This (few) percent level overall CP-violating signal in p (p) over bar --> t (b) over bar + X --> W(+)b (b) over bar + X might be within the reach of the future 2(4) TeV p (p) over bar Fermilab Tevatron collider that may be able to produce similar to 10000 (similar to 30000) such t (b) over bar events with an integrated luminosity of 30 fb(-1). In particular, it may be used to place an upper bound on arg(A(t)) if indeed arg(mu) --> 0, as implied from the present experimental limit on the neutron electric dipole moment. The partial rate asymmetry in the top quark decay (similar to few X 10(-3)) may also be within the reach of the CERN LHC with similar to 10(7) pairs of t (t) over bar produced, provided detector systematics are sufficiently small. We also show that if the GUT scale universality of the soft breaking trilinear A terms is relaxed, then the phases associated with arg(A(u)) and arg(A(d)) can take values up to similar to few X 10(-1) even with squarks and gluino masses of several hundred GeV's without contradicting the experimental limit on the neutron electric dipole moment. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. NR 31 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1495 EP 1517 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1495 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800018 ER PT J AU Nojiri, MM Pierce, DM Yamada, Y AF Nojiri, MM Pierce, DM Yamada, Y TI Slepton production as a probe of the squark mass scale SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; LINEAR E(+)E(-) COLLIDERS; DIMENSIONAL REDUCTION; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; REGULARIZATION; NEUTRALINO AB We investigate an important radiative correction to the slepton and chargino production processes. We consider a supersymmetric spectrum with a large splitting between the squark and slepton masses. In this case, in the effective theory below the squark mass threshold, the supersymmetric Slavnov-Taylor identities which enforce the equality of the gauge and gaugino couplings are violated. The gaugino propagators receive potentially large corrections due to virtual quark or squark loop effects. We compute the full one-loop (s)quark corrected slepton production cross sections. The t-channel one-loop scattering amplitudes are factorized into an effective chargino-neutralino mass matrix and an effective fermion-sfermion-gaugino coupling. The difference between the effective gaugino coupling and the gauge coupling is proportional to ln(M-Q(-)/m(rho)(similar to)) in the large squark mass limit. We find that the one-loop corrected slepton production cross sections can depend on the squark mass strongly, up to 9% X log(10)(M-Q(similar to)/m(rho)(-)). We investigate the squark mass sensitivity of the slepton cross-section measurements at a future linear collider. For sneutrino production accessible at root s = 500 GeV there can be sensitivity to squark masses at or larger than 1 TeV. C1 KEK, Theory Grp, Ibaraki, Osaka 305, Japan. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 98077, Japan. RP Nojiri, MM (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, YITP, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 60601, Japan. NR 29 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1539 EP 1552 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1539 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800023 ER PT J AU Alam, S Dawson, S Szalapski, R AF Alam, S Dawson, S Szalapski, R TI Low-energy constraints on new physics reexamined SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GAUGE-BOSON COUPLINGS; PRECISION ELECTROWEAK EXPERIMENTS; INVARIANT 3-BOSON VERTICES; STANDARD MODEL; HIGGS-BOSON; PINCH TECHNIQUE; SELF-ENERGIES; OPERATOR ANALYSIS; HEAVY PHYSICS; SECTOR AB It is possible to place constraints on non-standard-model gauge-boson self-couplings and other new physics by studying their one-loop contributions to precisely measured observables. We extend previous analyses which constrain such nonstandard couplings, and we present the results in a compact and transparent form. Particular attention is given to comparing results for the light-Higgs scenario, where nonstandard effects are parametrized by an effective Lagrangian with a linear realization of the electroweak symmetry-breaking sector, and the heavy-Higgs or strongly interacting scenario, described by the electroweak chiral Lagrangian. The constraints on nonstandard gauge-boson self-couplings which are obtained from a global analysis of low-energy data and CERN LEP or SLC measurements on the Z pole are updated and improved from previous studies. C1 KEK, Theory Grp, Ibaraki, Osaka 305, Japan. Univ Peshawar, Dept Phys, Peshawar, Pakistan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Alam, S (reprint author), KEK, Theory Grp, Ibaraki, Osaka 305, Japan. NR 57 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1577 EP 1590 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1577 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800026 ER PT J AU Bardeen, W Duncan, A Eichten, E Hockney, G Thacker, H AF Bardeen, W Duncan, A Eichten, E Hockney, G Thacker, H TI Light quarks, zero modes, and exceptional configurations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LATTICE QCD; WILSON FERMIONS; U(1) PROBLEM; SPECTRUM; MASSES; LIMIT AB In continuum QCD, nontrivial gauge topologies give rise to zero eigenvalues of the massless Dirac operator. In lattice QCD with Wilson fermions, analogs of these zero modes appear as exactly real eigenvalues of the Wilson-Dirac operator, leading to poles in the quark propagator in the vicinity of the critical hopping parameter. It is shown that "exceptional configurations," which arise in the quenched approximation at small quark mass, are the result of the fluctuation of the position of zero mode poles to subcritical values of hopping parameter on particular gauge configurations. We describe a procedure for correcting these lattice artifacts by first isolating the contribution of zero mode poles to the quark propagator and then shifting the subcritical poles to the critical point. This procedure defines a modified quenched approximation in which accurate calculations can be carried out for arbitrarily small quark masses. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Bardeen, W (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 25 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1633 EP 1641 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1633 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800030 ER PT J AU Kilcup, G Gupta, R Sharpe, SR AF Kilcup, G Gupta, R Sharpe, SR TI Staggered fermion matrix elements using smeared operators SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATIVE CORRECTIONS; B-PARAMETER AB We investigate the use of two kinds of staggered fermion operators, smeared and unsmeared. The smeared operators extend over a 4(4) hypercube, and tend to have smaller perturbative corrections than the corresponding unsmeared operators. We use these operators to calculate kaon weak matrix elements on quenched ensembles at beta = 6.0, 6.2, and 6.4. Extrapolating to the continuum limit, we find B-K(NDR,2 GeV) = 0.62 +/- 0.02(stat) +/- 0.02(syst). The systematic error is dominated by the uncertainty in the matching between lattice and continuum operators due to the truncation of perturbation theory at one loop. We do not include any estimate of the errors due to quenching or to the use of degenerate s and d quarks. For the Delta I = 3/2 electromagnetic penguin operators we find B-7((3/2)) = 0.62 +/- 0.03 +/- 0.06 and B-8((3/2)) = 0.77 +/- 0.04 +/- 0.04. We also use the ratio of 7 s unsmeared to smeared operators to make a partially nonperturbative estimate of the renormalization of the quark mass for staggered fermions. We find that tadpole improved perturbation theory works well if the coupling is chosen to be alpha(<(MS)over bar>)(q(*) = 1/alpha). C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM kilcup@physics.ohio-state.edu; rajan@qcd.lanl.gov; sharpe@phys.washington.edu NR 24 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1654 EP 1665 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1654 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800032 ER PT J AU Roberts, W Silvestre-Brac, B AF Roberts, W Silvestre-Brac, B TI Meson decays in a quark model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PAIR-CREATION MODEL AB A recent model of hadron states is extended to include meson decays. We find that the overall success of the model is quite good. Possible improvements to the model are suggested. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Inst Sci Nucl Grenoble, F-38026 Grenoble, France. RP Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1694 EP 1702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1694 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800036 ER PT J AU Czarnecki, A Melnikov, K Uraltsev, N AF Czarnecki, A Melnikov, K Uraltsev, N TI Complete O(alpha(2)(s)) corrections to zero-recoil sum rules for B -> D* transitions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HEAVY FLAVOR TRANSITIONS; ORDER PERTURBATIVE CORRECTIONS; SMALL VELOCITY LIMIT; UB-VERTICAL-BAR; B->C TRANSITIONS AB We present the complete O(alpha(s)(2)) corrections to the Wilson coefficient of the unit operator in the zero-recoil sum rule for the B --> D-* transition. We include both perturbative and power-suppressed nonperturbative effects in a manner consistent with the operator product expansion. The impact of these corrections on \V-cb\ extracted from semileptonic B --> D-* decays near zero recoil is discussed. The mixing of the heavy quark kinetic operator with the unit operator at the two loop level is obtained. O(alpha(s)) corrections to a number of power-suppressed operators are calculated. C1 Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg 188350, Russia. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Theoret Teilchenphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Minnesota, Inst Theoret Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Czarnecki, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1769 EP 1775 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1769 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800044 ER PT J AU Wong, CY Wong, CW AF Wong, CY Wong, CW TI Color-octet fraction in J/psi production and absorption SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; TOTAL CROSS-SECTIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; PSI' PRODUCTION; HEAVY QUARKONIUM; 300-GEV/C PROTON; ENERGY-LOSS; QCD; SUPPRESSION; DEPENDENCE AB The cross section between a c (c) over bar pair and a nucleon is small and sensitive to the c-(c) over bar separation if the pair is in a color-singlet state, but very large and insensitive to the separation if it is in a color-octet state. We use this property in an absorption model involving both color components to deduce the color structure of c (c) over bar pairs produced in pA --> psi X reactions. Our analysis shows that the NA3, NA38, and E772 data are not inconsistent with the theoretical picture that color-octet and color-singlet precursors are produced in roughly equal proportions if the produced color-singlet precursors are pointlike and transparent. However, if the color-singlet precursors are not transparent but have a cross section of a few mb, these data do show a definite preference for a larger fraction of color-singlet precursors. In either case, the color-octet fraction increases with x(F), approaching close to unity as x(F) increases to about 0.5. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 62 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1838 EP 1845 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1838 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800052 ER PT J AU Giele, WT Glover, EWN Kosower, DA AF Giele, WT Glover, EWN Kosower, DA TI Jet investigations using the radial moment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTION; HIGHER-ORDER CORRECTIONS; ONE-LOOP CORRECTIONS; HADRON-COLLISIONS; (P)OVER-BAR-P COLLISIONS; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; AMPLITUDES; PROTON; DISTRIBUTIONS; COLLIDERS AB We define the radial moment [r] for jets produced in hadron-hadron collisions. It can be used as a tool for studying, as a function of the jet transverse energy and pseudorapidity, radiation within the jet and the quality of a perturbative description of the jet shape. We also discuss how nonperturbative corrections to the jet transverse energy affect [r]. C1 Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. Ctr Etud Saclay, Serv Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Giele, WT (reprint author), Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RI Glover, Edward/A-4597-2012 OI Glover, Edward/0000-0002-0173-4175 NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1878 EP 1885 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1878 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800056 ER PT J AU Geiger, K AF Geiger, K TI QCD space-time analysis of quarkonium formation and evolution in hadronic collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; PARTICLE SPECTRA; PARTON; COLOR; MODEL; FRAGMENTATION; TEVATRON; J/PSI; JETS; ANNIHILATION AB The production of heavy quarkonium as Q (Q) over bar bound states in hadron-hadron collisions is considered within the framework of a space-time description, combining parton-cascade evolution with a coalescence model for bound-state formation. The "hard" production of the initial Q (Q) over bar directly or via gluon fragmentation and including both color-singlet and color-octet contributions, is calculated from the perturbative QCD cross sections. The subsequent development of the Q (Q) over bar system is described within a space-time generalization of the Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi parton-evolution formalism in position and momentum space. The actual formation of the bound states is accomplished through overlap of the Q (Q) over bar pair and a spectrum of quarkonium wave functions. This coalescence can only occur after sufficient gluon radiation reduces the Q (Q) over bar relative velocity to a value commensurate with the nonrelativistic kinematics of these bound systems. The presence of gluon participants in the cascade then is both necessary and leads to the natural inclusion of both color-singlet and color-octet mechanisms. The application of this approach to pp (p (p) over bar) collisions from root s = 30 GeV-14 TeV reveals very decent agreement with available data from the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings and Fermilab Tevatron-without the necessity of introducing fit parameters. Moreover, production probabilities are calculated for a complete spectrum of charmonium and bottomonium states, with the relative significance compared to open charm (bottom) production. An analysis of the space-time development is carried through which sheds light on the relevance of gluon radiation and color structure, suggesting a corresponding experimental investigation. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Geiger, K (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM klaus@bnl.gov NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 3 BP 1895 EP 1919 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.57.1895 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA YV535 UT WOS:000071834800058 ER PT J AU Cooper, F Dawson, J Habib, S Ryne, RD AF Cooper, F Dawson, J Habib, S Ryne, RD TI Chaos in time-dependent variational approximations to quantum dynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LARGE-N EXPANSION; SEMIQUANTUM CHAOS; MECHANICS; SYSTEMS; FIELD AB Dynamical chaos has recently been shown to exist in the Gaussian approximation in quantum mechanics and in the self-consistent mean held approach to studying the dynamics of quantum fields. In this study, we first note that any variational approximation to the dynamics of a quantum system based on the Dirac action principle leads to a classical Hamiltonian dynamics for the variational parameters. Since this Hamiltonian is generically nonlinear and nonintegrable, the dynamics thus generated can be chaotic, in distinction to the exact quantum evolution. We then restrict our attention to a system of two biquadratically coupled quantum oscillators and study two variational schemes, the leading order large-N (four canonical variables) and Hartree (six canonical variables) approximations. The chaos seen in the approximate dynamics is an artifact of the approximations: this is demonstrated by the fact that its onset occurs on the same characteristic time scale as the breakdown of the approximations when compared to numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation. [S1063-651X(98)04301-3]. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE 1, LANSCE Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cooper, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-8,MS B285, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 20 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 1489 EP 1498 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.57.1489 PN A PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA YY127 UT WOS:000072116000041 ER PT J AU Wallace, DC AF Wallace, DC TI Liquid dynamics theory of high-temperature specific heat SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ALKALI-METALS; ELEMENTS; ENTROPY AB The potential-energy surface underlying the liquid dynamics Hamiltonian is supposed to consist of a large number of intersecting, macroscopically similar, nearly harmonic random valleys. The statistical mechanics replaces each valley with an infinitely extended harmonic potential surface and then corrects for (a) the anharmonic distortion of the potential surface and (b) the boundary condition that limits the extent of the potential surface along lines where neighboring valleys intersect. The ion-motional specific heat then consists of the main quasiharmonic contribution C-H=3Nk plus the anharmonic correction C-A and the boundary correction C-B. Here we analyze available specific-heat data for monatomic liquids, at temperatures T up to three times the melting temperature T-m, and suggest the following interpretation of the data: (a) C-A is about the same for both the crystal and liquid at the melting point and C-A tends toward zero as T increases above T-m and (b) C-B is a roughly universal function of T/T-m, running from around zero at T=T-m to around -0.6Nk at T=3T(m). The quintessential liquid property, the primary difference between a liquid and a crystal, is that the liquid ions move through a vast number of random potential valleys and this property is directly responsible for the boundary specific heat C-B. A physically based model for C-B agrees with experiment for mercury to high temperatures. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wallace, DC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 1717 EP 1722 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.57.1717 PN A PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA YY127 UT WOS:000072116000069 ER PT J AU Chitanvis, SM AF Chitanvis, SM TI Onset of self-assembly SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE MOLECULAR INTERPRETATION; BLOCK COPOLYMER MELTS; BICONTINUOUS PHASES; DISORDER TRANSITION; ORDER; MODEL AB We have formulated a theory of self-assembly based on the notion of local gauge invariance at the mesoscale. Local gauge invariance at the mesoscale generates the required long-range entropic forces responsible for self-assembly in binary systems. Our theory was applied to study the onset of mesostructure formation above a critical temperature in estane, a diblock copolymer. We used diagrammatic methods to transcend the Gaussian approximation and obtain a correlation length xi similar to(c-c*)(-y), where c* is the minimum concentration below which self-assembly is impossible, c is the current concentration, and gamma was found numerically to be fairly close to 2/3. The renormalized diffusion constant vanishes as the critical concentration is approached, indicating the occurrence of critical slowing down, while the correlation function remains finite at the transition point. [S1063-651X(98)04902-2]. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 1921 EP 1928 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.57.1921 PN B PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA YY128 UT WOS:000072116100009 ER PT J AU Yu, A Takahashi, H AF Yu, A Takahashi, H TI Quantum processes in the field of a two-frequency circularly polarized plane electromagnetic wave SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FREE-ELECTRON-SCATTERING; RADIATION; PHOTONS AB We solve Dirac's equation for an electron in the field of a two-frequency plane electromagnetic wave, deriving general formulas for the probabilities of radiation of an electromagnetic wave by the electron, and for the probabilities for pair production by a photon when the two-frequency wave is circularly polarized. In contrast to the case of a monochromatic-plane electromagnetic wave, when an electron is in the field of a two-frequency circularly polarized wave, the emission rates of various "biharmonic photons" are affected by interference between the two waves. When a high-energy photon is in such a field, similar interference effects arise in the process of pair production. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Yu, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 2276 EP 2282 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.57.2276 PN B PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA YY128 UT WOS:000072116100048 ER PT J AU Wang, DX Krafft, GA Sinclair, CK AF Wang, DX Krafft, GA Sinclair, CK TI Measurement of femtosecond electron bunches using a rf zero-phasing method SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SPECTRUM AB Bunch lengths as shea as 84 fs (rms) have been measured at Jefferson Laboratory using a rf zero-phasing technique. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first accurate measurement of the longitudinal distribution function in this regime. In this paper, an analytical approach for computing the longitudinal distribution function and bunch length is described for arbitrary longitudinal and transverse distributions for the case where the intrinsic energy spread of the bunch is,small compared to the correlated energy spread imparted by zero-phasing cavities. The measurement results are presented, which are in excellent agreement with numerical simulations. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Wang, DX (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 14 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 2283 EP 2286 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.57.2283 PN B PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA YY128 UT WOS:000072116100049 ER PT J AU Simon, PM Gutowitz, HA AF Simon, PM Gutowitz, HA TI Cellular automaton model for bidirectional traffic SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB We investigate a cellular automaton (CA) model of traffic on a bidirectional two-lane road. Our model is an extension of the one-lane CA model of Nagel and Schreckenberg [J. Phys. I (France) 2, 2221 (1992)], modified to account for interactions mediated by passing, and for a distribution of vehicle speeds. We chose values for the various parameters to approximate the behavior of real traffic. The density-flow diagram for the bidirectional model is compared to that of a one-lane model, showing the interaction of the two lanes. Results were also compared to experimental data, showing close agreement. This model helps bridge the gap between simplified cellular automata models and the complexity of real-world traffic. C1 Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind, Lab Electron, F-75005 Paris, France. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, TRANSIMS, TSADO, SA, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Simon, PM (reprint author), Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind, Lab Electron, 10 Rue Vauquelin, F-75005 Paris, France. NR 7 TC 47 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1998 VL 57 IS 2 BP 2441 EP 2444 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.57.2441 PN B PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA YY128 UT WOS:000072116100067 ER PT J AU Carmick, J Sherwood, A AF Carmick, J Sherwood, A TI Orthotic comparisons SO PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Letter ID ANKLE-FOOT-ORTHOSES; CEREBRAL-PALSY; CHILDREN; CASTS C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Alamo, CA 94507 USA. RP Carmick, J (reprint author), 3060 Miranda Ave, Alamo, CA 94507 USA. EM carmickj@aol.com NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL THERAPY ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 N FAIRFAX ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0031-9023 J9 PHYS THER JI Phys. Ther. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 78 IS 2 BP 220 EP 222 PG 3 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation GA YX432 UT WOS:000072039400014 PM 9474114 ER PT J AU Dilmanian, FA Lidofsky, LJ Stamatelatos, I Kamen, Y Yasumura, S Vartsky, D Pierson, RN Weber, DA Moore, RI Ma, R AF Dilmanian, FA Lidofsky, LJ Stamatelatos, I Kamen, Y Yasumura, S Vartsky, D Pierson, RN Weber, DA Moore, RI Ma, R TI Improvement of the prompt-gamma neutron activation facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-BODY NITROGEN; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; INVIVO DETERMINATION; CALIBRATION; HYDROGEN; CAPTURE; FAT AB The prompt-gamma neutron activation facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory was upgraded to improve both the precision and accuracy of its in vivo determinations of total body nitrogen. The upgrade, guided by Monte Carlo simulations, involved elongating and modifying the source collimator and its shielding, repositioning the system's two NaI(TI) detectors, and improving the neutron and gamma shielding of these detectors. The new source collimator has a graphite reflector around the (PuBe)-Pu-238 neutron source to enhance the low-energy region of the neutron spectrum incident on the patient. The gamma detectors have been relocated from positions close to the upward-emerging collimated neutron beam to positions close to and at the sides of the patient. These modifications substantially reduced spurious counts resulting from the capture of small-angle scattered neutrons in the NaI detectors. The pile-up background under the 10.8 MeV N-14(n, gamma)N-15 spectral peak has been reduced so that the nitrogen peak-to-background ratio has been increased by a factor of 2.8. The resulting reduction in the coefficient of variation of the total body nitrogen measurements from 3% to 2.2% has improved the statistical significance of the results possible for any given number of patient measurements. The new system also has a more uniform composite sensitivity. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. St Lukes Roosevelt Med Ctr, New York, NY 10025 USA. Soreq Nucl Res Ctr, IL-70600 Yavneh, Israel. RP Dilmanian, FA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [P01-DK42618] NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9155 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 43 IS 2 BP 339 EP 349 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/43/2/009 PG 11 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA YW974 UT WOS:000071993400009 PM 9509530 ER PT J AU Ren, C Callen, JD Gianakon, TA Hegna, CC Chang, Z Fredrickson, ED McGuire, KM Taylor, G Zarnstorff, MC AF Ren, C Callen, JD Gianakon, TA Hegna, CC Chang, Z Fredrickson, ED McGuire, KM Taylor, G Zarnstorff, MC TI Measuring Delta ' from electron temperature fluctuations in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TEARING MODE; TFTR AB A method is developed for determining directly from experimental data the classical tearing mode stability parameter Delta'. Specifically, an analytical fit function is derived for the electron temperature fluctuations (<(T)over tilde (e)>) in the vicinity of a magnetic island. Values of Delta' determined from the fit function parameters for m/n = 2/1, 3/2 and 4/3 modes (m and n are poloidal and toroidal mode numbers) are obtained using the high resolution <(T)over tilde (e)> profile data from major radius shift ("jog") experiments on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [D. Meade er al., Proceedings of the International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion. Washington, District of Columbia, 1990 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1991), Vol. I, pp. 9-24]. It is found that the n greater than or equal to 2 modes have Delta' < 0. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Ren, C (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 14 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1998 VL 5 IS 2 BP 450 EP 454 DI 10.1063/1.872729 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA YV530 UT WOS:000071834300016 ER PT J AU Finn, JM Sovinec, CR AF Finn, JM Sovinec, CR TI Nonlinear tearing modes in the presence of resistive wall and rotation SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FORCED MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; DENSITY LIMIT DISRUPTIONS; TOROIDAL PLASMA; LOCKED MODES; CYLINDRICAL GEOMETRY; TOKAMAK PLASMA; SHEAR-FLOW; FIELD; INSTABILITIES; STABILIZATION AB Nonlinear simulations of tearing modes with a resistive wall and plasma rotation in a two-dimensional (2-D) incompressible slab are presented. The regimes of interest include cases (1) in which a tearing mode is unstable even for a perfectly conducting wall; (2) in which a resistive wall tearing mode is unstable but may be stabilized by rotation. In (1), the mode can lead to a wall locking process, in which both the flow and the mode's phase velocity are slowed, allowing flux diffusion through the wall and a wider island, There is a bifurcation with hysteresis between locked and unlocked states. If the decay of total momentum is large, the range with multiple states is smaller. In (2) resistive wall modes grow and lock for all parameters with linear instability. And even if rotation gives linear stability, there is nonlinear instability. The bifurcation diagram is similar to that for case (1), but in which the zero island width state takes the place of the unlocked state. Results are shown for case (2) giving the critical field error to drive nonlinear instability and begin locking. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Finn, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-15,MS K717, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 46 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1998 VL 5 IS 2 BP 461 EP 480 DI 10.1063/1.872730 PG 20 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA YV530 UT WOS:000071834300018 ER PT J AU Schmitt, AJ Afeyan, BB AF Schmitt, AJ Afeyan, BB TI Time-dependent filamentation and stimulated Brillouin forward scattering in inertial confinement fusion plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID LASER-BEAM DEFLECTION; LIGHT; RADIATION; FLOW AB Numerical simulations of the temporal evolution of laser light filamentation and stimulated Brillouin forward scattering (SBFS); in plasmas, under conditions that are relevant to laser fusion, are presented and analyzed. Long term unsteady behavior of filaments is observed to be the norm. Temporal and spatial incoherence due to filamentation and SBFS are impressed upon time-independent incident laser beams. The bandwidth and angular divergence imposed upon the beam increase with the strength of the interaction. In addition, the spectrum of the transmitted light is redshifted by an amount that increases with the interaction strength. Spectral analysis of the transmitted light reveals that SBFS plays a role in the generation of the observed temporal incoherence. Incident beams with some spatial incoherence but no temporal smoothing are compared to those with ab initio temporal beam smoothing (TBS). Under typical conditions, TBS beams will undergo far less angular and spectral spreading and far less SBFS than unsmoothed beams. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Laser Sci & Applicat, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Schmitt, AJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 46 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1998 VL 5 IS 2 BP 503 EP 517 DI 10.1063/1.872733 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA YV530 UT WOS:000071834300022 ER PT J AU Trilling, G AF Trilling, G TI Thomson challenged as electron discoverer, alternatives proposed SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Trilling, G (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD FEB PY 1998 VL 51 IS 2 BP 13 EP 13 DI 10.1063/1.2802911 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YU713 UT WOS:000071746800002 ER PT J AU Ryutov, DD AF Ryutov, DD TI Igor Nikolaevich Golovin - Obituary SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ryutov, DD (reprint author), Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD FEB PY 1998 VL 51 IS 2 BP 94 EP 94 DI 10.1063/1.882156 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YU713 UT WOS:000071746800027 ER PT J AU Mehlhorn, TA AF Mehlhorn, TA TI Alexander Bruce Filuk - Obituary SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Mehlhorn, TA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD FEB PY 1998 VL 51 IS 2 BP 95 EP 96 DI 10.1063/1.882158 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YU713 UT WOS:000071746800028 ER PT J AU Ruth, RD AF Ruth, RD TI ConCERNed scientist says work on two-beam accelerators goes on SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Ruth, RD (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD FEB PY 1998 VL 51 IS 2 BP 98 EP 98 DI 10.1063/1.882161 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YU713 UT WOS:000071746800032 ER PT J AU Peshkin, M Vaidman, L AF Peshkin, M Vaidman, L TI Quantum effects clinch Wolf prize SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT News Item C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Peshkin, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD FEB PY 1998 VL 11 IS 2 BP 51 EP 51 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YW419 UT WOS:000071933400033 ER PT J AU Owen, DJ Mander, LN Storey, JMD Huntley, RP Gaskin, P Lenton, JR Gage, DA Zeevaart, JAD AF Owen, DJ Mander, LN Storey, JMD Huntley, RP Gaskin, P Lenton, JR Gage, DA Zeevaart, JAD TI Synthesis and confirmation of structure for a new gibberellin, 2 beta-hydroxy-GA(12)(GA(110)), from spinach and oil palm SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Spinacia oleracea; chenopodiaceae; Elaeis guineesis; Palmae; spinach, oil palm; 2 beta-hydroxy-C-20-gibberellins, 2 beta-hydroxy-GA(12), GA(110), 2 beta-hydroxy-GA(24) ID IDENTIFICATION AB The identity of a new gibberellin (GA) in spinach and oil palm sap has been confirmed as 2 beta-hydroxy-GA(12) (GA(110)) by comparisons of GC-mass spectral data obtained for the trimethylsilyl ether methyl ester derivatives with those of a synthetic sample prepared by means of a 24 step sequence from gibberellic acid; 2 beta-hydroxy-GA(24) was also prepared. Experimental details for the latter part of the syntheses are described. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Inst Adv Studies, Res Sch Chem, Canberra, ACT 0020, Australia. Univ Cambridge, Dept Plant Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EA, England. Univ Bristol, Long Ashton Res Stn, Dept Agr Sci, IACR, Bristol BS18 9AF, Avon, England. Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Plant Res Lab, US DOE, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Mander, LN (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Inst Adv Studies, Res Sch Chem, Canberra, ACT 0020, Australia. RI Huntley, Rachael/R-1036-2016 OI Huntley, Rachael/0000-0001-6718-3559 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-00480] NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD FEB PY 1998 VL 47 IS 3 BP 331 EP 337 DI 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00577-3 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA YP445 UT WOS:000071277500003 PM 9433811 ER PT J AU Hills, JG Goda, MP AF Hills, JG Goda, MP TI Damage from the impacts of small asteroids SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop Tunguska 96 CY JUL 15-17, 1996 CL BOLOGNA, ITALY SP Univ Bologna, Dept Phys, Univ Bologna, Commiss Int Relat, Alessandro Volta Ctr Sci Culture, Emilia Romagna Reg Govt, Giorgio Abetti Astron Observ, Int Sci Fdn, Landau Network Coordinat Ctr, Luigi Negro Fdn, Russian Fdn Basic Res ID TUNGUSKA AB Previous work is extended by using a model spherical atmosphere with a fitted density,profile to find the damage done by an asteroid entering it at various zenith angles. At zenith angle 0 degrees and a typical impact velocity at the top of the atmosphere of V= 17.5 km s(-1), the atmosphere absorbs more than half the kinetic energy of stony meteoroids with diameters, D-M < 230 m and iron meteoroids with D-M < 50 m. At zenith angle 45 degrees the corresponding figures are 360 and 70m while at 60 degrees they are 500 and 100m. Far comets with V = 50 km s(-1) the Values are D-M<1900 and 3000 m for 45 and 60 degrees, respectively, using typical values of ablation, but they are much smaller if ablation is reduced. Only impactors with D-M above these critical values are effective in producing ground impact damage. craters, earthquakes, and tsunami. Smaller impactors can still produce atmospheric blast waves. It is found that the area of destruction around the impact point in which the overpressure in the blast wave exceeds 4 p.s.i. = 2.8 x 10(5) dyn cm(-2), which is enough to knock over trees and destroy buildings. It is found that for chondritic asteroids entering at zenith angle 45 degrees and an impact velocity at the top of the atmosphere of 17.5 km s(-1) that it increases rapidly from zero for those less than 50m in diameter (13.5 megatons) to about 2000 km(2) for those 76m in diameter (31 megatons). If we assume that a stony asteroid 100m in diameter hits land about every 1000 years, we find that a 50 m diameter one (causing some blast damage) hits land every 125 years while a Tunguska size impactor occurs about every 400 years. If iron asteroids are about 3.5 per cent of the frequency of stony ones of the same size, they constitute most of the impactors that produce areas of blast damage of less than 300 km(2). While the optical flux from a small asteroid such as Tunguska is enough to ignite pine forests, the blast from it goes beyond the radius within which the fire starts. The blast tends to blow out the fire, so it is likely that the impact will char the forest las at Tunguska), but it will not produce a sustained fire. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hills, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Theoret Astrophys Grp, T-6,MS B288, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0032-0633 J9 PLANET SPACE SCI JI Planet Space Sci. PD FEB-MAR PY 1998 VL 46 IS 2-3 BP 219 EP 229 DI 10.1016/S0032-0633(97)00051-2 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ZN567 UT WOS:000073658800011 ER PT J AU Lers, A Khalchitski, A Lomaniec, E Burd, S Green, PJ AF Lers, A Khalchitski, A Lomaniec, E Burd, S Green, PJ TI Senescence-induced RNases in tomato SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ethylene; gene expression; leaf senescence; RNase; tomato; wounding ID LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM CELLS; PHOSPHATE-STARVATION; WHEAT LEAVES; LEAF-DISKS; RIBONUCLEASE; ETHYLENE; GENE; PURIFICATION; ARABIDOPSIS; EXPRESSION AB A main feature of leaf senescence is the hydrolysis of macromolecules by hydrolases of various types, and redistribution of released materials. We have initiated a study for the characterization of RNases involved in nucleic acid catabolism during senescence. Using a PCR-based cloning approach we isolated from tomato two senescence-induced RNase cDNA clones. Each of these cDNAs hybridized to a senescence-induced transcript in northern analysis. One RNase cDNA was identical to the tomato LX RNase while the second corresponded to the LE RNase. Both LX and LE RNase genes had originally been demonstrated to be induced after phosphate starvation of tomato cell culture but nothing was known about their expression or function in plants. We observed that the expression of the LX and LE genes is induced in leaves during an advanced stage of senescence with the LX transcript level being much more induced than that of LE. Low-level expression of the RNase genes was observed in flowers and artificially senescing detached leaves while no expression could be detected in stems, roots, or fruits at different ripening stages. Ethylene activated the WC gene expression in detached young leaves while LE gene expression, which could be transiently induced by wounding, appeared to be activated by abscisic acid. We suggest that the LX RNase has a role in RNA catabolism in the final stage of senescence, and LE may function during wounding as a plant defense protein. C1 Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Postharvest Sci Fresh Produce, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Lers, A (reprint author), Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Postharvest Sci Fresh Produce, POB 6, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. NR 36 TC 84 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 36 IS 3 BP 439 EP 449 DI 10.1023/A:1005993024161 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA YW671 UT WOS:000071960900011 PM 9484484 ER PT J AU Norreys, PA Fews, AP Beg, FN Bell, AR Dangor, AE Lee, P Nelson, MB Schmidt, H Tatarakis, M Cable, MD AF Norreys, PA Fews, AP Beg, FN Bell, AR Dangor, AE Lee, P Nelson, MB Schmidt, H Tatarakis, M Cable, MD TI Neutron production from picosecond laser irradiation of deuterated targets at intensities of 10(19) W cm(-2) SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Letter ID SOLID TARGETS; EMISSION AB Neutron fluxes of up to 7 x 10(7) neutrons/sr were measured when planar deuterated targets were irradiated with 1.3 ps FWHM (full width at half maximum) laser pulses at a wavelength of 1054 nm and focused intensities up to 10(19) W cm(-2). The neutron energy spectra are consistent with an angularly dispersed beam target interaction, whereas a thermonuclear source is considered unlikely. C1 Rutherford Appleton Lab, Cent Laser Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Stuttgart, Inst Plasmaforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Norreys, PA (reprint author), Rutherford Appleton Lab, Cent Laser Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RI Lee, Paul/A-8749-2008 OI Lee, Paul/0000-0002-6385-4420 NR 15 TC 136 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD FEB PY 1998 VL 40 IS 2 BP 175 EP 182 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/40/2/001 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZB261 UT WOS:000072453300001 ER PT J AU Hamamatsu, K Chang, CS Takizuka, T Azumi, M Hirayama, T Cohen, S Tani, T AF Hamamatsu, K Chang, CS Takizuka, T Azumi, M Hirayama, T Cohen, S Tani, T TI Numerical analysis of helium ash removal by using ICRH-driven ripple transport SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID TOKAMAK; EXHAUST; WAVES AB Helium ash removal across the last closed flux surfaces in a deuterium-tritium fuelled tokamak plasma is studied using an orbit-following Monte Carlo simulation. Ripple transport of helium ash ions is induced by ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) of short-lived He(+) ions, which are produced by charge exchange of He(2+) with incoming neutral species. It is found that the required ICRH power in an ITER grade tokamak plasma is 10-15 MW and the helium transport to the first wall is localized within an area given by 1.3 m in the toroidal direction and 0.7 m in the poloidal direction. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka Fus Res Estab, Naka, Ibaraki 31101, Japan. NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY 10012 USA. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Hamamatsu, K (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka Fus Res Estab, Naka, Ibaraki 31101, Japan. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD FEB PY 1998 VL 40 IS 2 BP 255 EP 270 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/40/2/007 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZB261 UT WOS:000072453300007 ER PT J AU de Kock, L Ando, T Costley, AE Ebisawa, K Edmond, P Iida, H Janeschitz, G Johnson, LC Kasai, S Kripunov, V Mukhovatov, V Santoro, R Stott, PE Vayakis, G Walker, C Yamamoto, S Young, KM Zavariaev, V AF de Kock, L Ando, T Costley, AE Ebisawa, K Edmond, P Iida, H Janeschitz, G Johnson, LC Kasai, S Kripunov, V Mukhovatov, V Santoro, R Stott, PE Vayakis, G Walker, C Yamamoto, S Young, KM Zavariaev, V CA ITER Joint Central Home Teams TI The implementation of the diagnostic systems on ITER SO PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS LA English DT Article AB In order to achieve its operational and programmatic goals, ITER requires an extensive set of plasma diagnostics. In terms of the number and type of measuring instruments, the diagnostic system will be similar to those existing on today's large tokamaks such as JET, TFTR, and JT60U. However, the implementation of the diagnostics is especially demanding because of the high levels of radiation, the limited access, the stringent requirements for vacuum integrity and tritium containment, and the requirement for very high levels of reliability and availability of the measurements. The individual diagnostic systems are being designed by a combined effort of the ITER Joint Central Team and the Home Teams. Underpinning the design work is an extensive R&D programme which thus far has concentrated on the effects the high levels of neutron and gamma radiation will have on materials used in diagnostic construction, but it is planned in the near future to focus on prototypes of key diagnostic components. In this paper, we outline the ITER diagnostic system identifying the plasma measurements required for (i) machine protection and plasma control, (ii) evaluating and optimizing the plasma performance, and (iii) understanding important physical phenomena that may limit ITER performance. In Control will require measurements of the conventional control parameters such as the plasma position and shape, current, and density, but also of parameters such as the plasma density and total fusion power. For optimization and evaluation, measurements not only of the profile of key parameters such as the electron density and temperature, ion temperature, and radiation, are required. Because this is the first device dependent on alpha particle heating, measurements of parameters such as the confined and escaping alpha particles, the helium density in the plasma core, and the long-term neutron fluence have to be performed. We describe the integration of typical diagnostic systems in the equatorial and top ports and in the divertor. A description of the magnetic diagnostics will provide insight on the in-vessel systems. These systems will illustrate the solutions adopted for the ITER environment and identify the most critical design areas. The X-ray crystal and VUV spectrometers will be presented as one of the most challeging systems to be integrated in ITER. Finally, we briefly describe the role plasma measurements are anticipated to play in the ITER operational and physics programme. C1 ITER Joint Cent Team, Garching, Germany. ITER Joint Cent Team, San Diego, CA USA. IV Kurchatov Atom Energy Inst, Moscow 123182, Russia. JET, Abingdon, Oxon, England. PPPL, Princeton, NJ USA. JAERI, Naka, Ibaraki, Japan. RP de Kock, L (reprint author), ITER Joint Cent Team, Garching, Germany. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI WOODBURY PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, MEMBER SUBSCRIBER SERVICES, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1063-780X J9 PLASMA PHYS REP JI Plasma Phys. Rep. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 24 IS 2 BP 97 EP 106 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZB275 UT WOS:000072454700001 ER PT J AU Cable, MD Barbee, TW Koch, JA Lane, SM Lerche, RA Moran, MJ Ognibene, TE Ress, DB Sangster, TC Trebes, JE Phillips, TW Hicks, D Li, CK Petrasso, RD Seguin, F AF Cable, MD Barbee, TW Koch, JA Lane, SM Lerche, RA Moran, MJ Ognibene, TE Ress, DB Sangster, TC Trebes, JE Phillips, TW Hicks, D Li, CK Petrasso, RD Seguin, F TI Diagnostics for high-density implosions at Nova and the National Ignition Facility SO PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON; DETECTOR AB The proposed National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a large (1.8 MJ on target at 0.35 mu m) multi-beam laser facility that will be used for Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF). ICF implosions at this facility will produce core plasma temperatures over 10 keV and densities over 100 g/cm(3). Properties of these plasmas can be measured by a variety of optical, X-ray, and nuclear diagnostic techniques such as those used at existing facilities like the Nova laser at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Some of these currently used techniques will be directly applicable to NIF; others require significant development. Damage of components close to the target will be a much greater issue at NIF; necessitating the development of distant detector techniques. To penetrate the larger targets, X-ray-based core diagnostics will need to utilize substantially higher energies than are in routine use today. Penetrating nuclear particle-based diagnostics will be particularly well suited to these implosions and thp higher nuclear yields will allow new techniques to be developed. Some examples of diagnostics used for high-density implosion experiments at Nova and corresponding development of new techniques for NIF are discussed. C1 Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. MIT, Ctr Plasma Fus, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Cable, MD (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RI Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015 OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI WOODBURY PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, MEMBER SUBSCRIBER SERVICES, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1063-780X J9 PLASMA PHYS REP JI Plasma Phys. Rep. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 24 IS 2 BP 110 EP 113 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZB275 UT WOS:000072454700003 ER PT J AU Murphy, TJ Oertel, JA Archuleta, TN Barnes, CW Bartlett, RJ Berggren, RR Boggs, SB Caldwell, SE Chrien, RE Cobble, JA Failor, BH Faulkner, JR Fernandez, JC Hauer, AA Idzorek, G Jimerson, JL Klare, KA Kyrala, GA Little, RD Looney, L Montgomery, D Schmell, RA Sedillo, TJ Thorn, WK Watt, RG Wilke, MD AF Murphy, TJ Oertel, JA Archuleta, TN Barnes, CW Bartlett, RJ Berggren, RR Boggs, SB Caldwell, SE Chrien, RE Cobble, JA Failor, BH Faulkner, JR Fernandez, JC Hauer, AA Idzorek, G Jimerson, JL Klare, KA Kyrala, GA Little, RD Looney, L Montgomery, D Schmell, RA Sedillo, TJ Thorn, WK Watt, RG Wilke, MD TI Recent diagnostic development for inertial confinement fusion research at Los Alamos National Laboratory SO PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TARGET BURN HISTORY; SYMMETRY; RADIATION; PLASMAS; LIGHT; NOVA AB Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) experiments require sophisticated diagnostics with temporal resolution measured in tens of picoseconds and spatial resolutions measured in microns. The Los Alamos ICF Program is currently supporting a number of diagnostics on the Nova and Trident laser facilities and is developing new diagnostics for use on the Omega laser facility. New systems and technologies are being developed for use on the National Ignition Facility, which is expected to be operational early in the next decade. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Phys Int Co, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA. RP Murphy, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Fernandez, Juan/H-3268-2011; Murphy, Thomas/F-3101-2014; OI Fernandez, Juan/0000-0002-1438-1815; Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-6137-9873; Montgomery, David/0000-0002-2355-6242 NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI WOODBURY PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, MEMBER SUBSCRIBER SERVICES, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1063-780X J9 PLASMA PHYS REP JI Plasma Phys. Rep. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 24 IS 2 BP 123 EP 129 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZB275 UT WOS:000072454700005 ER PT J AU Petrov, MP Khudoleev, AV Medley, SS Duong, H Roquemore, AL Fisher, RK McChesney, GM Gorelenkov, NN AF Petrov, MP Khudoleev, AV Medley, SS Duong, H Roquemore, AL Fisher, RK McChesney, GM Gorelenkov, NN TI The use of pellet diagnostics for the study of thermonuclear alpha particles in the TFTR tokamak SO PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS LA English DT Article AB An alpha particle diagnostic technique based on impurity-pellet injection into tokamak plasma is described. This technique has been developed in collaboration with the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, General Atomic, and Ioffe Institute for Physics and Technology and has been used in the TFTR tokamak. When lithium or boron pellets are injected into tokamak plasma, some fraction of a particles are neutralized in the ablation cloud due to two-step single electron capture or double electron capture. Outward fluxes of neutralized a particles in the MeV energy range are analyzed by the Gemma-2 high-energy analyzer, which was developed in the Ioffe Institute for Physics and Technology. This diagnostic has been used in DT experiments in the TFTR tokamak and provided measurements of the local energy spectra and radial distributions of a particles in the 0.5-3.5 MeV energy range. Results of the measurements of energy spectra and radial distributions of confined a particles in the TFTR, influence of sawtooth oscillations on the a particle distribution, and evidence for the radial redistribution of a particles in the presence of the toroidal Alfven modes induced by a particles are presented. Possible ways of implementing a particle diagnostics with the use of pellets in the ITER are also discussed. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Ioffe Inst Phys & Technol, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Troitsk Innovat & Fus Res Inst, Troitsk 142092, Moscow Oblast, Russia. RP Petrov, MP (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Ioffe Inst Phys & Technol, Ul Politekhnicheskaya 26, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI WOODBURY PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, MEMBER SUBSCRIBER SERVICES, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1063-780X J9 PLASMA PHYS REP JI Plasma Phys. Rep. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 24 IS 2 BP 154 EP 157 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZB275 UT WOS:000072454700011 ER PT J AU Krasil'nikov, AV Roquemore, AL AF Krasil'nikov, AV Roquemore, AL TI Measurements of the tangential ion velocity during unbalanced neutral injection in the TFTR SO PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS LA English DT Article AB The results of measurements of tangential and transverse (with respect to the current axis) neutron spectra during deuterium-tritium experiments carried out in the TFTR tokamak in 1997 are presented. The spectra are measured by using three natural-diamond neutron spectrometers. The energy resolution of the spectrometers (about 2-3%) provides measurements of both the spectrum broadening and the shift of the maximum of the energy distribution of tangential neutrons during the unbalanced injection of neutrals. The analysis of the measured spectra based on a semianalytical model allows the determination of the average tangential and transverse energies of the beam ions in an anisotropic TFTR plasma. C1 Troitsk Innovat & Fus Res Inst, Troitsk 142092, Moscow Oblast, Russia. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Krasil'nikov, AV (reprint author), Troitsk Innovat & Fus Res Inst, Troitsk 142092, Moscow Oblast, Russia. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI WOODBURY PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, MEMBER SUBSCRIBER SERVICES, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1063-780X J9 PLASMA PHYS REP JI Plasma Phys. Rep. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 24 IS 2 BP 158 EP 160 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZB275 UT WOS:000072454700012 ER PT J AU Bonivert, WD Cushnie, G AF Bonivert, WD Cushnie, G TI Subscription databases & features of the NMFRC SO PLATING AND SURFACE FINISHING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. CAI Engn, Oakton, VA 22124 USA. RP Bonivert, WD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, M-S 9404,Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ELECTROPLATERS SOC INC PI ORLANDO PA 12644 RESEARCH PKWY, ORLANDO, FL 32826-3298 USA SN 0360-3164 J9 PLAT SURF FINISH JI Plat. Surf. Finish. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 85 IS 2 BP 37 EP 38 PG 2 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA YY160 UT WOS:000072119300016 ER PT J AU Schick, C Merzlyakov, M Wunderlich, B AF Schick, C Merzlyakov, M Wunderlich, B TI Analysis of the reorganization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) in the melting range by temperature-modulated calorimetry SO POLYMER BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB Although melting of flexible macromolecules is an irreversible process, it was demonstrated recently with temperature-modulated calorimetry (TMC) that some of the overall melting may be reversible within a fraction of a kelvin. This was taken as evidence for incompletely melted molecules with a remaining molecular nucleus. The reversing heat capacity that characterizes this effect was observed to decrease with time. It is shown by new TMC experiments that this time effect is not induced by the temperature modulation, but is due to an inherent annealing process. It is also proven that it is not dependent on the type of calorimeter. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Rostock, Dept Phys, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM athas@utk.edu RI Schick, Christoph/C-1154-2009 OI Schick, Christoph/0000-0001-6736-5491 NR 21 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0170-0839 J9 POLYM BULL JI Polym. Bull. PD FEB-MAR PY 1998 VL 40 IS 2-3 BP 297 EP 303 DI 10.1007/s002890050255 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA ZA846 UT WOS:000072407900024 ER PT J AU Semwal, SK Hightower, R Stansfield, S AF Semwal, SK Hightower, R Stansfield, S TI Mapping algorithms for real-time control of an avatar using eight sensors SO PRESENCE-TELEOPERATORS AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article AB In a virtual environment for small groups of interacting participants, it is important that the physical motion of each participant be replicated by synthetic human forms in real time. Sensors on a user's body are used to drive an inverse kinematics algorithm. Such iterative algorithms for solving the general inverse kinematics problem are too slow for a real-time interactive environment. In this paper we present analytic, constant-time methods to solve the inverse kinematics problem and drive an avatar figure. Our sensor configuration has only eight sensors per participant, so the sensor data is augmented with information about natural body postures. The algorithm is fast, and the resulting avatar motion approximates the actions of the participant quite well. This new analytic solution resolves a problem with an earlier iterative algorithm that had a tendency to position knees and elbows of the avatar in awkward and unnatural positions. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Semwal, SK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM semwal@redcloud.uccs.edu; rrhight@isr.sandia.gov; sastans@sandia.gov NR 40 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 1054-7460 J9 PRESENCE-TELEOP VIRT JI Presence-Teleoper. Virtual Env. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 7 IS 1 BP 1 EP 21 DI 10.1162/105474698565497 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA YY594 UT WOS:000072163800001 ER PT J AU Kodaira, J Nasuno, T Tochimura, H Tanaka, K Yasui, Y AF Kodaira, J Nasuno, T Tochimura, H Tanaka, K Yasui, Y TI Renormalization of gauge-invariant operators for the structure function g(2)(x,Q(2)) SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Letter ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; POWER CORRECTIONS; POLARIZED TARGET; Q(2) EVOLUTION; QCD; H(L)(X,Q(2)); ASYMMETRY; PROTON AB The complete set of twist-3 flavor singlet operators which contribute to the structure function g(2)(x, Q(2)) is constructed. We develop a covariant approach to derive the anomalous dimension of these operators. We clarify the role played by the operators proportional to the equations of motion and the "alien" operators. C1 Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Juntendo Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 27016, Japan. RIKEN, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kodaira, J (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE PI KYOTO PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN SN 0033-068X J9 PROG THEOR PHYS JI Prog. Theor. Phys. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 99 IS 2 BP 315 EP 320 DI 10.1143/PTP.99.315 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ZC582 UT WOS:000072595300009 ER PT J AU Omenetto, N Mermet, JM Turk, GC Moore, DS Vo-Dinh, T Butler, LRP Ure, AM Gauglitz, G Melhuish, WH Miller, JN Nogar, NS Schrader, B Senemaud, C Velthorst, NH Zander, M Adams, F Andreani, AM Bacon, JR Coufal, HJ Hieftje, GM Imasaka, T Lukosz, W Sturgeon, R Velthorst, NL Wilkinson, J Willis, JP Yeung, E Danzer, K Valcarcel, M Gilbert, B Rubeska, I Bezur, L De, AK Ulubelen, A Zacharias, PS Rademeyer, CJ Volka, K Curtius, AJ Park, J Zimmer, K Pszonicki, L Batistoni, DZ AF Omenetto, N Mermet, JM Turk, GC Moore, DS Vo-Dinh, T Butler, LRP Ure, AM Gauglitz, G Melhuish, WH Miller, JN Nogar, NS Schrader, B Senemaud, C Velthorst, NH Zander, M Adams, F Andreani, AM Bacon, JR Coufal, HJ Hieftje, GM Imasaka, T Lukosz, W Sturgeon, R Velthorst, NL Wilkinson, J Willis, JP Yeung, E Danzer, K Valcarcel, M Gilbert, B Rubeska, I Bezur, L De, AK Ulubelen, A Zacharias, PS Rademeyer, CJ Volka, K Curtius, AJ Park, J Zimmer, K Pszonicki, L Batistoni, DZ TI Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis - XIV - laser-based atomic spectroscopy: A new notation for spectrochemical processes - (IUPAC recommendations 1997) SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB This report is the 14th in a series on Spectrochemical Methods of Analysis issued by IUPAC Commission V.4. Because of the complexity and the lack of uniformity of the present nomenclature (e.g. "2 step excited resonance fluorescence", "resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization", etc.) a new way is needed to describe these transitions. The aim of this document is therefore to present a new notation, the IUPAC Notation, to describe the various processes involved in atomic laser spectroscopy. Using a few assumptions as detailed below, this notation has the advantage of being simple and systematic. States and processes can be described in a general way irrespective of the type of laser spectrometry. C1 Joint Res Ctr, Ispra Estab, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. Univ Lyons, Dept Spectroscop Anal, Lyon, France. NIST, Inorgan Analyt Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Omenetto, N (reprint author), Joint Res Ctr, Ispra Estab, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. RI Moore, David/C-8692-2013 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0033-4545 J9 PURE APPL CHEM JI Pure Appl. Chem. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 70 IS 2 BP 517 EP 526 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZU823 UT WOS:000074238800048 ER PT J AU Hamm, RN Turner, JE Stabin, MG AF Hamm, RN Turner, JE Stabin, MG TI Monte Carlo simulation of diffusion and reaction in water radiolysis - a study of reactant 'jump through' and jump distances SO RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; RADICALS; MODEL; DNA AB In Monte Carlo simulations of water radiolysis, the diffusion of reactants can be approximated by "jumping" all species randomly, to represent the passage of a short period of time, and then checking their separations. If, at the end of a jump, two reactant species are within a distance equal to the reaction radius for the pair, they are allowed to react in the model. In principle, the possibility exists that two reactants could "jump through" one another and end up with a separation larger than the reaction radius with no reaction being scored. Ignoring this possibility would thus reduce the rate of reaction below that intended by such a model. By making the jump times and jump distances shorter, any error introduced by 'jump through' is made smaller. This paper reports numerical results of a systematic study of 'jump through' in Monte Carlo simulations of water radiolysis. With a nominal jump time of 3 ps, it is found that more than 40% of the reactions of the hydrated electron with itself and of the H atom with itself occur when reactions during 'jump through' are allowed. For all other reactions, for which the effect is smaller, the contributions of 'jump through' lie in the range 1%-16% of the total. Corrections to computed rate constants for two reactions are evaluated for jump times between 0.1 and 30 ps. It is concluded that jump-through corrections are desirable in such models for jump times that exceed about 1 ps or even less. In a separate study, we find that giving all species of a given type the same size jump in a random direction yields results that are indistinguishable from those when the jump sizes are selected from a Gaussian distribution. In this comparison, the constant jump size is taken to be the root-mean-square jump size from the Gaussian distribution. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Environm Hlth Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Turner, JE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 13 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-634X J9 RADIAT ENVIRON BIOPH JI Radiat. Environ. Biophys. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 36 IS 4 BP 229 EP 234 DI 10.1007/s004110050076 PG 6 WC Biology; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA YX752 UT WOS:000072073700003 PM 9523338 ER PT J AU Celina, M Kudoh, H Renk, TJ Gillen, KT Clough, RL AF Celina, M Kudoh, H Renk, TJ Gillen, KT Clough, RL TI Surface modification of polymeric materials by pulsed ion beam irradiation SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GAS EVOLUTION; POLYCARBONATE; DEGRADATION; ADHESION; FILMS AB Polymethylmethacrylate and polyimide samples were irradiated with 500 keV carbon and hydrogen ions generated by a high intensity pulsed power ion beam source. Ion penetration was limited to a few microns at an energy deposition in the range of 0.1-5 J cm(-2) and a dose rate of approx. 10(12) Gy s(-1) during each pulse. Rapid energy deposition (< 500 ns) resulting in a considerable temperature increase in the surface material was accompanied by the formation of gaseous radiolysis products. This led to a dramatic morphological change in which the surface region of the polymer was converted to a microcellular foam. Irradiation of polymers with high intensity ion beams appears to be a promising approach to the physical modification of the material surface. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Takasaki Radiat Chem Res Estab, Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Gunma 37012, Japan. RP Celina, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 22 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 51 IS 2 BP 191 EP 194 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA ZB067 UT WOS:000072431700011 ER PT J AU Coderre, JA Chanana, AD Joel, DD Elowitz, EH Micca, PL Nawrocky, MM Chadha, M Gebbers, JO Shady, M Peress, NS Slatkin, DN AF Coderre, JA Chanana, AD Joel, DD Elowitz, EH Micca, PL Nawrocky, MM Chadha, M Gebbers, JO Shady, M Peress, NS Slatkin, DN TI Biodistribution of boronophenylalanine in patients with glioblastoma multiforme: Boron concentration correlates with tumor cellularity SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY; P-BORONOPHENYLALANINE; GLIOSARCOMA; COMPLEX; B-10 AB Boron-10 (B-10) concentrations were measured in 107 surgical samples from 15 patients with glioblastoma multiforme who were infused with 95 atom% B-10-enriched p-boronophenylalanine (BPA) intravenously for 2 h just prior to surgery at doses ranging from 98 to 290 mg BPA/kg body weight. The blood B-10 concentration reached a maximum at the end of the infusion (ranging from 9.3 to 26.0 mu g B-10/g) and was proportional to the amount of BPA infused. The boron concentrations in excised tumor samples ranged from 2.7 to 41.3 mu g B-10/g over the range of administered BPA doses and varied considerably among multiple samples from individual patients and among patients at the same BPA dose. A morphometric index of the density of viable-appearing tumor cells in histological sections obtained from samples adjacent to, and macroscopically similar to, the tumor samples used for boron analysis correlated linearly with the boron concentrations. From that correlation it is estimated that B-10 concentrations in glioblastoma tumor cells were over four times greater than concurrent blood B-10 concentrations. Thus, in the dose range of 98 to 290 mg BPA/kg, the accumulation of boron in tumor cells is a linear function of BPA dose and the variations observed in boron concentrations of tumor specimens obtained surgically are largely due to differences in the proportion of nontumor tissue (i.e. necrotic tissue, normal brain) present in the samples submitted for boron analysis. The tumor:blood B-10 concentration ratio derived from this analysis provides a rationale for estimating the fraction of the radiation dose to viable tumor cells resulting from the boron neutron capture reaction based on measured boron concentrations in the blood at the time of BNCT without the need for analysis of tumor samples from individual patients. (C) 1998 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Beth Israel Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, New York, NY 10003 USA. Beth Israel Med Ctr, Div Neurosurg, New York, NY 10003 USA. Cantonal Hosp, Inst Pathol, CH-6000 Lucerne, Switzerland. Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol Surg, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Coderre, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 21 TC 120 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 2 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 149 IS 2 BP 163 EP 170 DI 10.2307/3579926 PG 8 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA YU214 UT WOS:000071693700008 PM 9457896 ER PT J AU Martz, HF Picard, RR AF Martz, HF Picard, RR TI On comparing PRA results with operating experience SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article AB A procedure is presented for quantifying the consistency between probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) results and corresponding plant-specific operating data not considered in the PRA. The method, which is easily implemented in practice, is based on the use of Bayes p-values for the predictive probability that the observed data would have been produced from the PRA results in conjunction with an assumed binomial or Poisson sampling distribution. Uncertainties in both the PRA results and the operating data are considered. The method is used to quantify the consistency between PRA results and operating data for high-pressure coolant injection system unreliabilities at 11 US commercial boiling water reactors. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Limited. C1 Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Martz, HF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 59 IS 2 BP 187 EP 199 DI 10.1016/S0951-8320(97)00138-5 PG 13 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA ZG974 UT WOS:000073058700003 ER PT J AU Simpson, ML Dress, WB Ericson, MN Jellison, GE Sitter, DN Wintenberg, AL French, DF AF Simpson, ML Dress, WB Ericson, MN Jellison, GE Sitter, DN Wintenberg, AL French, DF TI A photospectrometer realized in a standard integrated circuit process SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB A photospectrometer has been realized in a standard integrated circuit (IC) process. Only the masks, materials, and fabrication steps inherent to this IC process were used (i.e., no post processing to add mechanical or optical devices for filtering). The spectrometer was composed of a set of 18 photodetectors with independent spectral responses. The responses of these devices were weighted and summed to form outputs proportional to the input optical power in discrete wavelength bands in the region from similar to 400 to similar to 1100 nm. With the solution space restricted to a 60 nm band, this instrument could resolve Gaussian input spectra (sigma = 5 nm) with a peak-to-peak spacing of less than 15 nm. This device could easily be integrated with additional analog, digital, or wireless circuits to realize a true laboratory instrument on-a-chip. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Simpson, ML (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6006, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457 NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 377 EP 383 DI 10.1063/1.1148457 PN 1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EV UT WOS:000075002500004 ER PT J AU Hu, SL Reimer, JA Bell, AT AF Hu, SL Reimer, JA Bell, AT TI Single-input double-tuned circuit for double resonance nuclear magnetic resonance experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID NMR PROBE; DESIGN AB A single-input double-tuned probe was designed for double resonance nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, in which high radio frequency power irradiations were achieved at two closely spaced frequencies (such as 26.1 MHz for Al-27 and 28.4 MHz for Cu-65). The efficiency of the probe for both nuclei was determined to be about 80%, compared to that obtained with a single-tuned probe. The probe was used successfully for Al-27-Cu-65 SEDOR experiments to derive the internuclear distance between Al and Cu in Cu-ZSM-5 zeolite. The circuit is ideal for SEDOR-type double resonance NMR experiments, when high power irradiation is required for nuclei with closely spaced resonance frequencies. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Adv Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hu, SL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Adv Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 477 EP 478 DI 10.1063/1.1148458 PN 1 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EV UT WOS:000075002500024 ER PT J AU Biesecker, JP Ellison, GB Wang, H Iedema, MJ Tsekouras, AA Cowin, JP AF Biesecker, JP Ellison, GB Wang, H Iedema, MJ Tsekouras, AA Cowin, JP TI Ion beam source for soft-landing deposition SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID COLLISION PROCESSES; ULTRAHIGH-VACUUM; SURFACE; ENERGY; NI(111) AB "Soft-landing" deposition of molecular ions on various surfaces is important in making exotic radicals, modeling electrochemical double layers, and studying aqueous ion interactions, We have built a new mass-selected ion beam source for soft-landing deposition, designed to produce either positive or negative ions, including ions that depend on ion-neutral reactions (e.g., H3O+ and NH4+). The ionizer is a foe jet crossed by an electron beam, producing a wide variety of positive and negative ions. The simple, short-length, planar ion deceleration minimizes defocusing and space charge effects. It currently delivers mass-selected ions with energies down to about 1 eV and currents of about 10 nA. The design allows easy maintenance. The performance of the ion beam compares favorably with previous low-energy positive ion systems. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ellison, GB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. OI Tsekouras, Athanassios/0000-0002-4757-324X NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 485 EP 495 DI 10.1063/1.1148459 PN 1 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EV UT WOS:000075002500026 ER PT J AU Xie, ZQ AF Xie, ZQ TI Production of highly charged ion beams from electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY ID MULTICHARGED IONS; PERFORMANCE; PLASMA AB Electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) development has progressed with multiple-frequency plasma heating, higher mirror magnetic fields, and better technique to provide extra cold electrons. Such techniques greatly enhance the production of highly charged ions from ECRISs. So far at continuous wave (CW) mode operation, up, to 300 e mu A of O7+ and 1.15 emA of O6+, more than 100 e mu A of intermediate heavy ions for charge states up to Ar13+, Ca13+, Fe13+ Co14+, and Kr18+, and tens of e mu A of heavy ions with charge states to Kr26+, Xe28+, Au35+, Bi34+, and U34+ were produced from ECRISs. At an intensity of at least 1 e mu A, the maximum charge state available for the heavy ions are Xe36+, Au46+, Bi47+, and U48+. An order of magnitude enhancement for fully stripped argon ions (I greater than or equal to 60 enA) were also achieved. This article will review the ECR ion source progress and discuss key requirement for ECRISs to produce the highly charged ion beams. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xie, ZQ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 37 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 625 EP 630 DI 10.1063/1.1148462 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600006 ER PT J AU Schlapp, M Pardo, RC Vondrasek, RC Szczech, J Billquist, PJ Vieregg, J Xie, ZQ Lyneis, CM Harkewicz, R AF Schlapp, M Pardo, RC Vondrasek, RC Szczech, J Billquist, PJ Vieregg, J Xie, ZQ Lyneis, CM Harkewicz, R TI A new 14 GHz electron-cyclotron-resonance ion source for the heavy ion accelerator facility ATLAS SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY AB A 14 GHz electron-cyclotron-resonance (ECR) ion source has been designed and built at Argonne National Laboratory. The source is a modification of the AECR [D. J. Clark, C. M. Lyneis, and Z. Q. Xie, 14th Particle Accelerator Conference (PAC), IEEE Conference 91 CH3038-7, 1991 (unpublished), p. 2796 and C. M. Lyneis, Z. Q. Zie, D. J. Clark, R. S. Lam, and S. A. Lundgren, 10th International Workshop on ECR Ion Sources, Oak Ridge, ORNL CONF-9011136, 1990 (unpublished), p. 47.] at Berkeley and incorporates the latest results from electron-cyclotron-resonance (ECR) developments to produce intense beams of highly charged ions, including an improved magnetic confinement of the plasma electrons with an axial mirror ratio of 3.5. The aluminum plasma chamber and extraction electrode as well as a biased disk on axis at the microwave injection side donate additional electrons to the plasma, making use of the large secondary electron yield from aluminum oxide. The source is capable of ECR plasma heating using two different frequencies simultaneously to increase the electron energy gain for the production of high charge states. The main design goal is to produce several e mu A of at least U-238(35+) in order to accelerate the beam to coulomb-barrier energies without further stripping. First charge state distributions for gaseous elements have been measured and 210 e mu A(16)O(7+) has been achieved. A normalized, 90% emittance from 0.1 to 0.2 pi mm mrad for krypton and oxygen beam has been found. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Michigan State Univ, Natl Supercond Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Schlapp, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Vieregg, Jeffrey/D-7046-2012 NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 631 EP 633 DI 10.1063/1.1148725 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600007 ER PT J AU Beebe, E Alessi, J Hershcovitch, A Kponou, A Pikin, A Prelec, K Stein, P Schmieder, RW AF Beebe, E Alessi, J Hershcovitch, A Kponou, A Pikin, A Prelec, K Stein, P Schmieder, RW TI Experimental results from the Brookhaven National Laboratory test electron beam ion source SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY AB At Brookhaven National Laboratory, an Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS) is operational and has produced charge states such as N7+ Ar16+ and Xe26+ using neutral gas injection. Ions such as Na7+ and Tl41+ have been produced using external ion injection. The BNL EBIS effort is directed at reaching intensities of interest to RHIC, approximately 3 x 10(9) particles/pulse which will require EBIS electron beams on the order of 10 A. Pulsed electron beams up to 1.14 A have been produced using a 3 mm LaB6 cathode. Ion yields corresponding to 50% of the maximum trap capacity for electron beams up to 0.5 A have been obtained. The goal for the TestEBIS is to produce a uranium ion charge state distribution peaked at U45+ With 50% Of the trap capacity for a 1 A electron beam. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, AGS Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Div 8347, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Beebe, E (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, AGS Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 640 EP 642 DI 10.1063/1.1148726 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600010 ER PT J AU Alton, GD Meyer, FW Liu, Y Beene, JR Tucker, D AF Alton, GD Meyer, FW Liu, Y Beene, JR Tucker, D TI Use of multiple-discrete-frequency microwave radiation to enhance the performances of traditional B-minimum electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (abstract) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Lambda Technol Inc, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Alton, GD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 652 EP 652 DI 10.1063/1.1148727 PN 2 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600014 ER PT J AU Hershcovitch, A AF Hershcovitch, A TI Review of electron beam macroinstabilities and other EBIS related stability and issues SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY AB Plasma magnetohydrodynamics and macroinstability theories are briefly reviewed. Although the configuration of any EBIS is inherently susceptible to a number of classical beam instabilities, the small radial dimension of an EBIS plasma prevents modes from occurring in EBIS traps with low beam compression due to physical limitation. In EBIS devices with high electron beam compression, where the potential for beam instabilities is great, the radial dimension is smaller than the Debye length, which renders any plasma theory invalid. However, a RHIC EBIS is expected to have a diameter which is much larger than the Debye length. Hence, it may be the first EBIS, in which the various plasma theories could be valid. For this and similar future devices, a framework is established to analyze and offer remedies plasma instabilities in EBIS. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, AGS Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hershcovitch, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, AGS Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 668 EP 670 DI 10.1063/1.1148728 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600020 ER PT J AU Lyneis, CM Xie, ZQ Taylor, CE AF Lyneis, CM Xie, ZQ Taylor, CE TI Development of the third generation electron cyclotron resonance ion source SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY AB The LBNL third generation electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source has progressed from a concept to the fabrication of a full scale prototype superconducting magnet structure. This new ECR ion source will combine the recent ECR ion source techniques that significantly enhance the production of high charge state ions. The design includes a plasma chamber made from aluminum to provide additional cold electrons, three separate microwave feeds to allow multiple-frequency plasma heating (at 10, 14, and 18 GHz or at 6, 10, and 14 GHz) and very high magnetic mirror fields. The design calls for mirror fields of 4 T at injection and 3 T at extraction and for a radial field strength at the wall of 2.4 T. The prototype superconducting magnet structure which consists of three solenoid coils and six race track coils with iron poles forming the sextupole has been tested in a vertical Dewar. After training, the sextupole magnet reached 105% of its design current with the solenoids off. With the solenoids operating at approximately 70% of their full design field, the sextupole coils operated at 95% of the design value which corresponds to a sextupole field strength at the plasma wall of more than 2.1 T. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lyneis, CM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 8 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 682 EP 684 DI 10.1063/1.1149169 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600025 ER PT J AU Pikin, A Alessi, J Beebe, E Kponou, A Prelec, K Snydstrup, L AF Pikin, A Alessi, J Beebe, E Kponou, A Prelec, K Snydstrup, L TI Brookhaven national laboratory electron beam test stand SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY AB The main purpose of the electron beam test stand (EBTS) project at the Brookhaven National Laboratory is to build a versatile device to develop technologies that are relevant for a high intensity electron beam ion source (EBIS) and to study the physics of ion confinement in a trap. The EBTS will have all the main attributes of EBIS: a l-m-long, 5 T superconducting solenoid, electron gun, drift tube structure, electron collector, vacuum system, ion injection system, appropriate control, and instrumentation. Therefore it can be considered a shea prototype of an EBIS for a relativistic heavy ion collider. The drift tube structure will be mounted in a vacuum tube inside a ''warm'' bore of a superconducting solenoid, it will be at room temperature, and its design will employ ultrahigh vacuum technology to reach the 10(-10) Torr level. The first gun to be tested will be a 10 A electron gun with high emission density and magnetic compression of the electron beam. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Pikin, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 930, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 697 EP 699 DI 10.1063/1.1148465 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600030 ER PT J AU Wutte, DC Leitner, MA Williams, MD Leung, KN Gough, RA Saadatmand, K Benveniste, V AF Wutte, DC Leitner, MA Williams, MD Leung, KN Gough, RA Saadatmand, K Benveniste, V TI A 2.45 GHz ECR ion source for production of medium charge states ions SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY ID PROTON SOURCE; MICROWAVE AB At the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory we are constructing an ECR ion source test facility for nuclear science as well as industrial applications experiments. For these purposes, a single-stage 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source has been designed and constructed. It features an axial magnetic field with a mirror ratio of up to six and a hexapole field produced by a simple Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet assembly. In order to enhance the ion confinement time, the source plasma volume has been enlarged as much as possible while still maintaining a high mirror ratio. This paper describes the design of the ion source, the extraction system and the test stand. First, operational experience and experimental results with an argon discharge are presented. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Eaton Corp, Beverly, MA 01915 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Tech Univ Vienna, Inst Allgemeine Phys, Vienna, Austria. RP Wutte, DC (reprint author), 1 Cyclotron Rd MS 5-119, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 712 EP 714 DI 10.1063/1.1148466 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600035 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Alton, GD Mills, GD Reed, CA Haynes, DL AF Liu, Y Alton, GD Mills, GD Reed, CA Haynes, DL TI Design aspects of a compact, single-frequency, permanent-magnet electron cyclotron resonance ion source with a large uniformly distributed resonant plasma volume (abstract) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 724 EP 724 DI 10.1063/1.1148729 PN 2 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600039 ER PT J AU Nolen, JA Decrock, P Portillo, M Mullen, TP Geraci, AA Barlow, TA Greene, JP Gomes, I Batson, CH Saremba, SE AF Nolen, JA Decrock, P Portillo, M Mullen, TP Geraci, AA Barlow, TA Greene, JP Gomes, I Batson, CH Saremba, SE TI Ion source test stand for radioactive beams (abstract) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Nolen, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 742 EP 742 DI 10.1063/1.1148733 PN 2 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600047 ER PT J AU Kuo, T Yuan, D Jayamanna, K McDonald, M Baartman, R Mackenzie, G Bricault, P Dombsky, M Schmor, P Dutto, G Lee, Y Leung, KN Williams, D Gough, R AF Kuo, T Yuan, D Jayamanna, K McDonald, M Baartman, R Mackenzie, G Bricault, P Dombsky, M Schmor, P Dutto, G Lee, Y Leung, KN Williams, D Gough, R TI Beam characteristics using stable isotopes from a multicusp source for the TRIUMF ISAC facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY AB A multicusp source for positive ion beams has been designed and constructed in collaboration with the Ion Beam Technology Department of LBNL for the TRIUMF ISAC project. This type of source has demonstrated a high yield of singly charged ions, a low energy spread, a good emittance, and is compact and simple. Several stages of tests and measurements using nonradioactive beams to characterize the source performance are being carried out both at LBNL and at TRIUMF prior to the final phase of radioactive target-source system tests. Results of these nonradioactive tests and certain problems encountered are reported and discussed in this article. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC 2A3, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Kuo, T (reprint author), TRIUMF, 4000 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC 2A3, Canada. RI Baartman, Richard/I-8146-2012 NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 767 EP 769 DI 10.1063/1.1148538 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600057 ER PT J AU Alton, GD Welton, RF Murray, SN Cui, B AF Alton, GD Welton, RF Murray, SN Cui, B TI The electron-beam-plasma ion source as source of negative fluorine (abstract) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Alton, GD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 773 EP 773 DI 10.1063/1.1148734 PN 2 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600199 ER PT J AU Welton, RF Alton, GD Cui, B Murray, SN AF Welton, RF Alton, GD Cui, B Murray, SN TI Experimental methods in radioactive ion beam target ion source development and characterization (abstract) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Engn, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Welton, RF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 774 EP 774 DI 10.1063/1.1148735 PN 2 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600059 ER PT J AU Alton, GD Welton, RF Williams, C Cui, B Murray, SN AF Alton, GD Welton, RF Williams, C Cui, B Murray, SN TI Prototype negative ion sources for radioactive ion beam generation (abstract) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ion Sources (ICIS 97) CY SEP 07-13, 1997 CL TAORMINA, ITALY C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Engn, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Alton, GD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD FEB PY 1998 VL 69 IS 2 BP 775 EP 775 DI 10.1063/1.1148736 PN 2 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 104EW UT WOS:000075002600060 ER EF